<human>:  What are the effects of grazing on ecosystems?
<bot>: The effects of grazing on ecosystems can vary depending on the type of grazing, the duration of grazing and the frequency of grazing. Generally, grazing has the potential to change the composition of species and reduce plant diversity in an ecosystem. Overgrazing can lead to an increased frequency of wildfires, soil erosion, and biodiversity loss. On the other hand, controlled grazing can increase grassland productivity and prevent shrub encroachment. Grazing management practices can also improve soil fertility, increase habitat suitability for wildlife, and provide recreational access.