<human>:  Why did the Zionist movement start in the late 19th century?
<bot>: The Zionist movement started in the late 19th century because of the rise of nationalism in Europe. The Zionist movement was a response to the rise of nationalism in Europe. Nationalism was a political ideology that promoted the idea of a nation-state, and it was a major force in the development of the modern world. Nationalism was a reaction to the Industrial Revolution, which caused people to lose their connection to the land and their traditional way of life. Nationalism was also a reaction to the spread of liberalism, which promoted the idea of individual rights and freedoms.