<human>:  Explain the concept of climate change and global warming?
<bot>: Climate change and global warming represent the increasingly complex challenges facing the world. Climate change is the long-term alteration in average weather patterns and global warming is an increase in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere. Climate change occurs due to the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which trap more heat and cause more temperatures to rise. Global warming is caused by human activities such as burning fossil fuels and changing land use, which release more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. As temperatures rise, it leads to long term changes in climate such as melting ice, rising sea levels, changes in precipitation, and increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events.