<human>:  What was the first case decided by the Supreme Court?
<bot>: The first case decided by the Supreme Court was Marbury v. Madison, which was decided in 1803. The case involved the question of whether the Supreme Court had the authority to review the decisions of the lower courts. The Supreme Court ruled that it did have the authority to review the decisions of the lower courts, and that the Constitution gave the Supreme Court the power to review the decisions of the lower courts.