<human>:  When did James Lovelock first propose the Gaia hypothesis?
<bot>: The Gaia hypothesis was first proposed in the 1970s. Lovelock developed the Gaia hypothesis as a way to explain how life on Earth could have evolved in a way that allowed it to survive. Lovelock’s hypothesis proposes that life on Earth has developed and adapted in a way that allows it to survive, and that this adaptation is a result of the Earth itself acting as a single living organism.