<human>:  What is the history of artificial intelligence?
<bot>: The history of artificial intelligence (AI) can be traced back to the mid-1950s, when the earliest attempts were made to use computers and algorithms to simulate human intelligence. However, the modern era of AI began in the late 1980s when researchers achieved major breakthroughs in the field, leading to advances in machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, robotics, and other subfields of AI. In the past two decades, AI technologies have seen tremendous development, and are now widely used in areas such as healthcare, banking, education, and transportation.