<human>:  What are the rules for playing chess?
<bot>: Each player starts with 16 pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns. 2 The players take turns moving one piece at a time, with the white player moving first. 3 Pieces move differently, depending on the piece: the rook moves in a straight line horizontally or vertically; the bishop moves in a diagonal line; the queen moves in any direction; the knight moves in an "L" shape; the king moves one space in any direction; and the pawn moves one space forward (with the exception of the first move, where it can move two spaces forward). 4 Capturing is done by landing on a space occupied by an opposing piece and replacing that piece with your own. 5 The objective is to checkmate the opponent’s king, which is done by trapping the king so that it cannot avoid capture. 6 The game is over when one player checkmates their opponent or when a stalemate, where it’s impossible for either player to checkmate, is reached.