<human>:  Explain to me the basics of JVM architecture.
<bot>: The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is a specification of a virtual machine that acts as a runtime environment for Java applications. The JVM is the cornerstone of the language, allowing Java code to be executed on any platform that provides a compatible implementation. The main components of the JVM architecture are the class loader, the runtime data area, the native method interface, the execution engine, and the native method library. The class loader loads Java classes as needed for execution, storing them in the runtime data area. The runtime data area is a memory area within the JVM which contains the heap and stack areas, used for holding references to objects and storing application specific data respectively. The native method interface provides a bridge from Java code to native code libraries or functions, which allows for the access of libraries outside of the JVM. The execution engine is a component of the JVM which interprets and executes JVM instructions, using the native method interface to access external libraries as needed. The native method library is a collection of native libraries accessible through the native method interface, allowing applications to access native platform-level resources.