<human>:  Why did the Japanese lose in the Battle of Nanking?
<bot>: The Japanese lost because they were outnumbered. The Japanese had a total of 100,000 troops fighting against the Chinese army of 1.5 million. The Chinese had many more guns and better artillery. Also, the Japanese were not well prepared for the winter weather, and their supplies were limited. The Chinese also had more support from the Chinese people, who were very loyal to the Chinese government.