8. Training and fellol'ship8 I10. The Instituters pollcy is to link closely its research and trainingprogranroes. A training corDponent ls incorporated ln nost of the Instituters research projects. fbe nunber of interregional neetings, uorkshops and sernlnars organized by the Instieute have hlghlighted the fact that education and training rematn the real tools for the advancenent of eonen 1n nost developing countries invie$ of the fact that experience eorldvide shol,s that training pernlts the greatest outrerch at tbe lorest cost as conpared wlth other efforts exerted on behalf of r,tonen (nanely, welfare neasures and income-generat thg activities). They have also lndicated the elenents of thts tratnlng. fn this respect, certain guldlngprlnciples were deened nece8sar,\r for training progrannes in vi.ew of the rapid piceof change in nost socleties today. They relate to the need to: (a) Take into account the lnpact of change in all areas of life through an lntegrated approach to developnentt (b) Design training pro{rrannes wlth reference to national developnentpolicies and plans and link then to developnent prograrnnes in order to ensure a return of the beneflts of trainingt (c) Update somen's skills antl enabte then to develop alternative sources of livelihood by provid ing then rlth access to nel., technolqy and on-the-Job tra ininq t (d) Decrease the gap created by tbe call for increased speciallzation anddifferentiation in 6kills through constant conmunication anong planners, policy-ftake ra, trainers and.those for rdhon the proqrannes are intendedi (e) Exanine lrhether or not tralnlng nethods are appropriate in specificaituations and thelr advantages and disadvantages through the provlsion of anorientatlon to assessnent and evaluation rnethods. llL. Trainlng nodules based on tbe Inatituters research findings are belnqfinalized and will be teated in the forthcootng blenniun. ll?. The Instltute takea an active part in staff training of the United Nations. A
**Analysis**
The text discusses the importance of training and education in developing countries, highlighting the need for integrated approaches, national development policies, and continuous skill updates. It also mentions the Institute's involvement in staff training for the United Nations. These points suggest that the text is focused on the theme of human development, particularly in the context of economic development.

**Category**
Education, Employment