(Hr.Hallgrimsson, Iceland) aindthatweCO-Sponf><lg~~~~ General Assembly resolutions forthepurpose ofcarrying outacomprehensive studyonnavalforcesandnavalarmssystems. Agroupofgovernmental experts undertheableChairmanship ofAmbassador AlatasofIndoneflia hasnowadopted byconsensus andsUbmitted aninteresting study onthesecomplex issues. Thestudyunderlines vividly thedifficult taskofmaki1i9 thenece'3sary arrangements toincrease mutualtrustinordertohaltandreverse thenavalarmsrace.Themainaimoftheseeffortsistofacilitate the identification ofpossible areasfordisarmament andconfidence building measures inthenavalfield. Thedifferent needsofnations fornavalforcestoensure theirsecurity inaccordance withtheunitedNations Charter must,ofcourse, be takenintoaccount, aswellastheimplications forinternational security. Equal andundiminished security forallstatesatthelowestpractical levelofarmament-q iswhatwearestriving for. Another issuenowintheforeground istheodiousracialpolicyofapartheid sobrutally pursued bytheGove1.:nment ofSouthAfrica. Onthisissue, t~epolicyofmyfovernment, indeedofalltheNordic countries, iswellknowntothisAssembly. ThefiveNordiccountries havesince 1978followed ajointprogramme ofactionagainst theinhuman, cruelandarchaic policyofaeartheid. Suchactionprogrammes havealsobeenadopted byother countries andwilladdtothegrowing preasure whichwehc.pethatsoonerrather thanlaterwillleadtheGovernment ofsouthAiricatoabandon tnesystemof apartheid. Whendirecting ourefforts towards SouthAfrica,letusnot,however, forget thegrossinjustices inmanyothercountries oftheworld. Improvements must certainly alsotakeplacewherever elseinjustice nowreigns. IwanttopledgethesupportofmyGovernme~t andtheIcelandic peopletothe workandtheefforts constantly beingmadewithintheframework oftheUnitedJSM/jg A/40/PV.7 104-105 (Mr.Hallgrwsan,Iceland) Nationstofurther andenhi!tr1ce humanrightseverywbere intheworld. Humanrights, democracy andfreedomareclosely linkedafidaretheprerequisite fo~alasting worldpeace. Th~ough theuniversal Declaration ofHumanRightsandtheUnitedNations Covenants ithasbecomepossible tointernationalize actiontopromote human rights. Violations ofhumanrightsarenolongerapurelynational internal affair astheywereconsidered tobe.Avastmajority ofStatesisnowcommitted to respecting thehumanrightsconventions. Peopleinsomecountries wheretheirfellowcitizens arestill,forpolitical reasons, beingkilled, imprisoned ortakentolunatic asylums, deniedthefreedom oftravel, dispossessed ordeprived ofbasichumanrights, mayfeelthatthese conventions arejustapieceofpaperandnothing more. Wecertainly underst.~d their de~pair. Theinternational community, haVingtherighttoobservenational situations andto~~acttoviolations ofhumanrights, shouldindeeddosowherever theseoccur.Itisamongthefundamental principles ofourCharter thatbothindividualIMLG/at A/40/PV.7 1\)6 (Mr.Hallgrimsson, Iceland) humanbeingsandstateshavethetighttoself-determination. AllStates, in particular thosestillinth~moulding process, needtherighttochoose independently theirformofgovernment. Andtheymusthavetherighttodecidefor themselves whotheywantaspartners inco-operation, andshouldneverbeforcedby morepowerful Statesintocollaboration theydonotwant.Casesinpointarethe brutalmilitary invasions offoreign PowersinAfghanistan andKampuchea. Thesuccessot~heNorth-South dialogue intermsofasensible solution is indeedvitaltohumanrightsandwelfare. Freetradeisinmyviewarequisite of suchasolution. Withregardtothecritical economic situation inAfrica, Iwelcon~ thefact thataconsensus wasreached intheEconomic andSocialCouncil thissummerona resolution onthissubject. Although concessional flowsareimportant, relaxation oftraderestrictions andimproved trading terms,including betterpricesforgoods fromthedeveloping countries, aswellasashiftinagricultural policies, areof nolessimportance inredressing thesituation. Comingfromacountry heavily dependent onforeign trade,Iamdeeply concerned overtheincreasing protectionist pressures apparent inmanycountries. Wemustresistthetemptation togivewaytothesepressures, forexperience has taughtusthatintheendever.yone willlose.Themaintenance andexpansion of freetradewithintheframework oftheGeneral Agreement onTariffs andTradeis especially i~rtant now,inviewofthedelicate situation oftheworldeconomy, andinmyopinion anewroundofmultilateral tradenegotiations shouldbe undertaken assoonaspossible. Iceland hasratified theunitedNations Convention ontheLawoftheSeaand weareamongthosewhobelieve thatthisisoneofthemostimportant internationalMLG/at A/40/PV.7 107 (Mr.Hallgrimsson, Iceland) conventions everconcluded, andaconstructive proofofagreatunitedNations ac:complishment intheinterest ofallmankinl'J. Inthisimportant fieldwemustallha~eonelawandtherefore westrongly urgeallUnitedNations Memberstateswhohavenotalready donesotoratifyor
**Analysis**
The text discusses various international issues, including disarmament, human rights, self-determination, and international trade. It also touches on the importance of the United Nations and its conventions, such as the Law of the Sea. The speech seems to be focused on promoting cooperation, peace, and economic development among nations.

**Category**
International relations, Human rights