(Mr.Bodstrom, Sweden) Statesarenotevenprepared tonegotiate onacomplete nuclear-weapon testban. Thismeasure, aboveallothers, wouldcontribute totheprevention ofathreatening proliferation ofnuclear weapons. Thereisalsoariskthatothertypesofweapons ofmassdestruction will spreadtomoreStates. Theplansforthemanufacture ofbinarychemical weapons areacauseofgraveconcern. Allstatesmustacttoensurerespect forthe existing banontheuseofchemical weapons. TheSwedish Government hopesthatthe ongoing negotiations attheConference onDisarmament inGenevawillleadtoa comprehensive banonsuchweapons. Therelationship between disarmament anddevelopment hasbeenhighlighted in several international studies. Anational studyhasbeencarried outinSweden pursuant toarecommendation oftheUnitedNations. Swedenwilltakeanactive partintheInternational Conference ontheRslationship between Disarmament and Development thattheGeneral Assembly hasdecided toconvene. Thestruggle ofthegreatPowersforpowerandinfluence tendsoftento aggravate localandregional crises. Agrowing partofthetransfer ofresources tothedeveloping countries isgivenintheformofmilitary support. The international armstransfers areincreasing inmagnitude. Thesituation insouthern Africatodayconstitutes aserious threatto international peaceandsecurity. Initsdefence oftheabhorrent systemof apartheid, thewhiteminority regimeinSouthAfricahasdemonstrated thatitis prepared tousebrutalforceagainst themajority ofthepopulation aswellas against neighbouring countries.JSM/gmr A/40/PV.7 11 (Mr.Bodstr8m,· Sweden) Fordecades wehaveappealed invaintothewhiteminority regimetoabolish apartheid. Timeisnowrunning out.Apeaceful solution should, however, stillbe possible. Therefore, decisive reforms mustbebrought aboutwithout delayinorder totransform southAfricaintoademocracy withequalrights 'forall.Onlyinthis waycanenormous suffering forali,inclUding thewhiteminority, beavoided. Thestateofemergency insouthAfricashouldbeliftedimmediately, the political prisoners released andadialogue initiated withtheauthentic leaders of themajority ofthepopulation. Mandatory sanctions decided uponbytheunitedNations Security Council are, intheopinion oftheSWedish Government, themosteffective meansofpressure at ourdisposal. Theyalsorepresent apeaceful means,supported byprominent leaders oftheblackmajority, itsliberation movements andAfricaasawhole. Recent:ly international pressure onSouthAfricahasgrownsignificantly. A further increase inthispressure isnecessary. IntheviewofmyGOV6rnment the theSecurity Council resolution of26Julythisyearwasastepintheright direction. Inthatresolution memberStateswererecommended totakecertain measures against SouthAfrica, suchasthesuspension ofallnewinvestments there. Thesemeasures should nowbemademandatory through adecision oftheSecurity Council inaccordance withChapter VIIoftheCharter. Onlyifapplied byall Statescantheybecometrulyeffective. IfSouthAfrica doesnotfundamentally changeitspolicy,thesanctions shouldbeextended tocoverotherimportantareas, suchastheeconomic fieldasClwholeandcommunications. Economic sanctions against SouthAfricaareparticularly appropriate asa cohtribution tothepeaceful abolition ofthepolicyofapartheid, asapartheid is alsoasystemofeconomic represssion. Theapartheid policyfacilitates the exploitation oftheblackpopUlation, whichinturnisaprerequisite fortheveryJSM/gmr A/40/PV.7 12 (Mr.•BodstrOm, SWeden) highstandard oflivingofthewhiteminority compared withthatoftheblack majority. Theshort-term economic benefits oftheapartheid policyarean important explanation astowhythewhiteminority adheres sostrongly tothat inhuman system. TheSWedish Government willcontinue itsefforts tohelpincrease pressure on SouthAfrica. Inaddition tothemeasures &lr~ady takeninSWedenthisyear- amongthemthestrengthening ofthebanonnewinvestments introduced in1979-we shalltakecertainunilateral measures overandabovethemeasues recommended by theSecurity Council. Inparticular, Ishouldliketomention arecommendation to SWedish companies toseekmarkets andsuppliers outside SouthAfrica, aswellasa banonallimports intoSWedenofagricultural products fromSouthAfrica.
**Analysis**
The text primarily discusses international relations, disarmament, and human rights, with a focus on the situation in South Africa and the need for economic sanctions against the apartheid regime. While some economic aspects are mentioned, such as the exploitation of the black population and the need for economic pressure, the text is not primarily about economic development or trade.

**Category**
International relations, Humanitarian aid and relief