2. Firstly, there has always been some opposition to universal punishment because it makes national tribunals responsible for judging the conduct of foreign Governments. Secondly, it is logical that a crime which constitutes a breach of international order as such should be referred to a jurisdiction which is itself the expression and guarantor of that international order. Accordingly, it is essential that the mandate of the International Law Commission include the creation of an international criminal jurisdiction. 
**Analysis**
The text discusses the creation of an international criminal jurisdiction, which suggests that it is related to the principles of international law and governance. This implies that the text is more concerned with the framework of international relations and the rule of law, rather than specific sectors like economy, environment, or health.

**Category**
International trade, Humanitarian aid and relief