all other .members of the Council. 39. We are dealing with a Government which applies a universally condemned system of State-controlled racism, which has consistently and illegally defied the Council in relation to Namibia and which has, in recent days, broken again yet another norm of international behaviour with its aggression against Botswana. The Australian Prime Minis- ter has made it clear only recently, in speaking of Austra- 4 lia’s total rejection of the policies of apartheid, that Australia will remain ready to support the imposition of mandatory economic sanctions against South Africa in response to its apartheid policies. In the context of the current resolution, our belief is that only fully respected and universally applied economic sanctions can be really effective. The alternative to mandatory economic sanc- tions-uncoordinated unilateral measures-is, in our view, unlikely to be effective. This is not, of course, to deny the rights of States to take voluntary measures of the type referred to in the resolution. Indeed, Australia has freely chosen to take a number of such measures. Rut, in the absence of mandatory economic sanctions, the scope for taking such measures remains a matter for consideration by individual Governments. 40. We express the hope that the adoption of this resolu- tion will serve to induce South Africa finally to heed the call of the world community for the early implementation of the United Nations plan for an independent Namibia. 41. Mr. CLARK (United States of America): We espe- cially wish to express our gratitude to you, Mr. President, for your tireless efforts over the past several days to bring about a unanimous resolution. Your tact, wisdom and endurance have guided us, impressed us and left us greatly in your debt. 42. As you know, Sir, from our long conversations, my delegation sought to support a strong resolution on Na- mibia which would have sent a clear, united, unambiguous 
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a diplomatic statement discussing international relations, specifically the issue of apartheid in South Africa and the implementation of economic sanctions. The language used is formal and diplomatic, indicating a high-level international meeting or organization. The text also mentions the United Nations, Namibia, and Botswana, suggesting a focus on international politics and governance.

**Category**
International trade, Humanitarian aid and relief