(a)Undertake regUlar surveys ofdevelopments intheworldshipping market, including thoserelated tothemanagement offleets, costandfreight levels and theprotection ofshippers' interests, andtheeffects oftheorganization and costsofshipping services oninternational tradeandonthebalance ofpayments; (b)Monitor andassist Governments, uponrequest, intheirimplementation of theUnited Nations Convention onConditions forRegistration ofShipsandthe UnitedNations Convention onaCodeofConduct forLinerConferences; (c)Makeproposals aimedatreducing theexcesscapacity ininternational shipping thatmayoccurfromtimetotimeandatpreventing therecurrence of factors inhibiting theorderly development ofworldshipping; (d)Propose measures fortheharmonization ofshipping policyformulation in ordertoachieve amorecost-effective shipping service through economies ofscale; (e)Undertake activities tofacilitate economic co-operation amongdeveloping countries inthefieldofmaritime transport, including co-operation through joint ventures andfleetoperations. 13.55 Inthefieldofports,theUNCTADsecretariat will: (a)Undertake research work,inco-operation, whenever feasible, with specialized bodies andtheregional commissions, onpriority areassuchasdata processing, portoperations, maintenance ofportequipment, organization and administration ofportsandtrans-shipment facilities; (b)Undertake casestudies onquestions related totheplanning ofand investment inports,including waystoeaseheavyfinancial burdens through co-operative arrangements; (c)Assistports, through further development andintegration oftheexisting training programmes, TRAINMAR andImproving PortPerformance, indesigning a training policy, establishing atraining capability andpreparing training programmes thatareproperly integrated intoahumanresources development plan; (d)Assistselected portsthrough thedevelopment andbackstopping of technical co-operation projects. 13.56Inthefieldofinternational multimodal transport, theUNCTADsecretariat will: (a)Concentrate itsresearch onselected issues, including thepractices of multimodal transport operators andthetypesofservices offered, freight rate levels andstructures, therelationship between physical distribution and multimodal transport, themannerinwhichshippers canmakethemostefficient use ofmUltimodal transport andincrease theirbargaining powerVis-a-vis multimodal transport operators, international container standards andstatistics, and improvement oftheroleoffreight forwarders indeveloping countries; -25- /; L 1)1.··.·;···.··.··.···1;~W; ;>:; ~;f -------- --=__1 Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library(b)Strive toachieve astronger projection atthenational levelofthe multimodal issueanditsimplications fortheeconomies ofdeveloping countries, through appropriate technical co-operation andtraining, inco-operation with specialized organizations, otherinternational bodies, especially theregional commissions, andotherdevelopment institutions; (c)Continue topromote theapplication oftheagreed modelrulesfor multimodal container tariffs, aswellasastandard formandmodelprovisions for multimodal transport documents; (d) reAD,in problemsStudytheroleofinternational aircargotransport, inco-operation with thecontext ofmultimodal transport, withreference tothespecial thatitposestotheexpansion ofthetradeofdeveloping countries; (e)Develop guidelines ontheapplication ofcomputer software packages and theestablishment ofelectronic datainterchange linksbetween shippers and multimodal transport operators; (f)Promote harmonization oftherelevant international policies andnational policy measures concerning multimodal transport operations andcontainerization;
**Analysis**
The text appears to focus on the development and regulation of international trade, particularly in the field of maritime transport and multimodal logistics. The language used suggests a focus on economic development, trade facilitation, and cooperation among countries, with an emphasis on harmonization and standardization of policies and practices.

**Category**
Transport and communication, International trade