Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryNS/ASW A/45/PV.11 57 (Mr.bse,NgIWl\1!) Intherestofsouthern Africawehavealsowitnessed historic developments duringthepastyear. Wewelcome thepolitical processthathasbeensetinmotion bytheSouthAfrican Government andbytheAfrican National Congress (ARC). The agreement of6Augustisamilestone ontheroadtowards anewdemocratic and non-racial SouthAfrica. President DeXlerkandNelsonMandela aredisplaying re~arkable courage and foresight. Theroadonwhichtheyhaveembarked isdifficult. Buttheymust persevere. Theymust.succeedintheirsearchforapeaceful transition from apartheid todemocracy. Assoonassuchprofound andirreversible changes have takenplace,wewillrespondpositi,'ely andquickly andremovetheinternational pressure, including existing sanctions. Recentdevelopments inCambo~ia alsogivereasonforhope. Wewelcome the establishment ofaSupreme National Council andtheagreement onatransitional arrangement untilfreeandfairelections canbeheld.Theagreements ~eached envisage anunprecedented rolefortheUnitedNationsinthistransitional period. Thisisimperative. TheCambodian peopleneedsconcrete guarantees thatthe inhumanpolicies oftheKhmerRougewillnotagainengulfCambodia insuffering and tragedy. TheIraqiaggression against Kuwaithascompletely overshadowed andharmedthe efforts toachieve asolution totheArab-I=raeli conflict andthePalestinian question. Itisnowessential tobringaboutanIsraeli-Palestinian dialogue and toarriveatajust, comprehen~ive andlasting solution tothisconflict. Thewindsofrevolutionary changehavesweptoverEastern Europe. Atlast, thesecountries andtheir citi~ens arefreetodecideontheirownfuture. The continent ismovingfromthepost-war eraofcontainment toaneraof co-operation. Whathasbeenachieved inanamazingly shorttimebytheemerging Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryNS/ASW A/45/PV.ll 58 (Mr.Syse.N~) democracies ofCentral andEastern Europedeserves ouradmiration andrespect. So doestheforesight oftheSovietleaders whodecided tostandasideandenablethe peoples oftheregiontorealizetheiryearning forf~eedom anddemocracy. Theprocess ofGermanunification hasbeencarried outwithtremendous political courage andinfullrespect forthelegitimate interests ofothers. We congratulate thetwoGovernments andtheGermanpeopleonthishistoric achievement. Chancellor Kohl-andForeign Minister Genscher inhisstatement yesterday -haveemphasized theirdetermination tobuildaEuropean Germany andnot aGermanEurope. Wewishthemsuccess inthisendeavour. Hence,Europeisbecoming wholeandfree.Through theConference onSecurity andCo-operation inEurope (CSCE)andonthebasisofinstitutions suchasthe North ~tlantic TreatyOrganization (NATO), theEuropean Community, theEuropean FreeTradeAssociation (EFTA)andtheCouncil ofEurope, thenations ofthe continent arecreating newstructures ofco-operation. TheCSCEisuniquely suited toplayaleading roleinthatendeavour. Itmustbetransformed fromapolitical process toaninstitutional framework. ThenewerainEast-West relations hascreatedhistoric opportunities for disarmament andarmscontrol. Prospects ofanearlytreatyarising fromthe strategic armsreduction talks(START) providing fordeepreductions inUnited StatesandSovietstrateqic nuclear armsarepromising. InVienna, anagreement on conventional forcesinEuropeiswithinreach. Thehistoric changes inEuropetellustobeambitious alsoinattacking the globalissues, suchastheelimination ofchemical weapons andtheprevention of nuclear proliferation. TheGulfconflict demonstrates theurgency ofputting theachievement ofa globalchemical weapons banattheverytopofouragen~a. Thechemical weapons threatmustbeeradicated onceandforall.Intensified efforts arerequired. Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryNS/ASH A/45/PV.ll 59-60 (Mr.Syse,NorwAY) Inthefieldofnuclear non-proliferation, progress hasalready beenachieved inthedomainofnuclear-arms control. Article VIoftheNon-Proliferation Treaty isbeingimplemented. Thisshouldnowpavethewayforrenewedefforts toprevent theemergenc& ofadditional nuclear-weapon States. Acomprehensive test-ban tre~ty will,inouropinion, beanessential elementinthisrespect. InEurope, wehaveovercome thedivision ofthecontinent. Political, economic andhumanresources, whichfordecades wereabsorbed inanunproductive
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a diplomatic statement discussing various international developments and agreements, focusing on political processes, conflicts, and global issues. It touches upon topics such as democratization, disarmament, and international cooperation, but does not delve into specific economic, environmental, or social issues.

**Category**
International relations, Politics