4, Unless otherwitie agreed between the States concerned6 a State cannot inlloke immunity from jurisdiction before a court of another State which is okhorwise competent in any proceeding relating to the carriage of cargo on board a .!]~!a owred or operated by that State and engaged in commercial [non-g1**,.c, inmental) service provided that, ot the time tho cause of action arctso, the ship was in use or intended e.rclusj:tely fo: use for commercial [non-governmental] purposes. 5. E’aragraph 4 does not apply to any cargo carried on hoortl t.hc ships referred to in paragraph 2, nor to any caLgo belonginq to a St.at.c and used or intended for- use in government. nou-commercial &l!rvice. 6. Stat.es may plead nl 1 measnrr!~; of defence, prc?sr:r iption an:1 limitation of liability, which are avail;tb,le to private ships and carqoer; and t.hf ir ~:wners.on the article in hi6 second report p;L/ and was now recommending the deletion of! the word “nun-governmental” in paragraphs 1 and 4, which in his view r ndered their nsaning ambiguous and might create a departure from the pract.ice followed in a number of treaties related to the law of the sea. Those !reatios were cited in his third report. dZ/ As to tho suggeetion mado by clome Qovernruente to introduce in tho present article the concept af segregated State property relating to State-owned or State-operated shi:?s engaged in commercial 6ervice, the Special Rapportour was inclined to tho opinion, shared by Borne other mombors, that the Commission ohould be careful to avoid unnecoosary &rplicatfon, in part.icular with article 11 trLp. If the ship concerned belonged to a Stato enterprise, it would be subject, under that article, to the same rules and 1iabiliLiss aa were applicable to natural or juridical persona. As to the question of State-owned or Sc-ie-operated aircraft engaged in commercial eervice, the Special Rapporteur had suggested
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the legal framework for the carriage of cargo on board ships owned or operated by states, including the limitations and liabilities that apply. This suggests that the category should be related to transport and communication, as it deals with the regulation of maritime transport.

**Category**
Transport and communication