total annual state budget or to 1.0% of the GNP. Although modest and stll I In a developing stage, the national R and 0 system has already generated some Important results such as the sugar cane harvester KTP-1, now being produced at a rate of more than 600 machines per year; the building of cane sugar facto­ ries with 60% of Indigenously-generated technology; and the con­struction of 64K minicomputers. The contribution of the national R and 0 system to the process of technology transfer has greatly Increased In the last few years. The successful fulfillment of the complex Cuban-Soviet cosmic flight In 1980 must be taken as a sign of maturity of the national R and 0 system. THE SHORT AND LONG-RANGE PLANNING OF SANDT SINCE 1976 At the First Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba, held In 1975, the thesis and resolutions on national science policy and on the Economy Management and Planning System were approved. A higher degree of formalization of science and technology planning was established as part of the National Plan.The first experience of a National Plan of Science and Technology was the elaboration of the Five-Year Plan 1976-80. This plan consisted of 77 State Main Problems which were linked to the main direction of the socioeconomic development of the country, and also by other re­ search problems of branch character and the scientific and techno­ logical services. During this first Five-Year Plan a great effort was made In planning and organization of the scientific a~d techn~logrcal activities and to Increase the effectiveness of the research centres. lnsplte of the structural limitations of the 1976-80 Five-Year Plan of State Main Problems, a review of ~he achieve~ ments of that period shows an Important set of scientific and technological results. The elaboration of the Scientific Projec­
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the development of a national research and development system in Cuba, highlighting its achievements and contributions to the country's socioeconomic development. The text mentions specific projects and technologies, such as the sugar cane harvester and minicomputers, which suggests a strong focus on industry and technology.

**Category**
Science and technology, Industry