mobilization within the corporate sector • .!.!/ 21. Given the serious economic difficulties currently facing Africa, domestic resource mobilization will have to be supplemented by increased concessional assistance for financing industrial development. In 1982, total net annual flows of official development assistance (ODA) by OECD countries to Africa stagnated at around $10.4 billion.* The manufacturing sector's share of OECD's Development Assistance Committee bilateral ODA was small -about 8.4 per cent during 1981-82 -for all developing share of African industry in total net ODA is likely to be smaller • .!.~/ allocated by sector countries .£I The 22. The key issues confronting policy makers in Africa thus seems to be; (a) The establishment of a more viable -economically, financially and socially - industry, an industry which is more integr~ted in the nationa ~ _economies and which makes fuller use of regional and subregional market opportunities; International co-operation which -in view of the important constraints caused by lack of financing, foreign exchange and managerial skills -will be required first for consolidating and upgrading existing industries and gradually for moving into new production lines on the basis of well-conceived programmes for Africa. The Arab States 23. 11 d Parts Of the Africa and Western Asia Although the Arab States are usua y treate as towards econom;c and industrial integration reveal a number of regions, their efforts 4 *$1 billion equals$ thousand millions. ID/B/339 Page 9 common features and should thus be examined separately. Taken as a whole, Arab States raised their share in world MVA from approximately 0.8 per cent in 1975 to slightly more than 1.1 per cent by 1981. This process had emphasized energy- and capital-intensive hydrocarbon-based industries and export promoting industries with the notable exception of Algeria where a more comprehensive industrialization strategy had been enacted since 1967 with both 
**Analysis**
The text primarily focuses on the economic development of Africa and the Arab States, discussing issues related to industrial development, international cooperation, and resource mobilization. It also touches on the importance of energy-intensive industries and the need for financing and skills to support industrial growth.

**Category**
Economic development, Industry