entry into force, and to initiate the necessary administrative and legislative measures for implementation of the provisions as early as possible and preferably within a given time-frame. 1/ E/CONF.82/14, annex. 2 (S-XI). Measures for reducing the demand for illicit drugs in consuming countries ** The Commission on Narcotic Drugs, Considering that any strategy or measures for combating illicit traffic and for bringing about any significant reduction in the supply of illicit drugs cannot be successful unless they are concurrently complemented and supported by measures taken for ensuring reduction in the demand for such drugs, Invites the attention of the consuming countries to the need to take urgent and effective measures for ensuring substantial reduction in the demand for and consumption of such drugs in their countries. 3 (S-XI). Intensified countermeasures against illicit drug traffic in the Near and Middle East ** The Commission on Narcotic Drugs . Considering the recent expansion of the membership of the Sub-Commission on Illicit Drug Traffic and Related Matters in the Near and Middle East, * See paragraph 106 above. ** See paragraph 128 above. - 34 - Noting that all states members of the Sub-Commission are increasingly affected by illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances as source, transit or consuming countries, Urges all States of the Near and Middle East region to co-operate more closely in mounting a well-co-ordinated, intensified and sustained campaign, and counter-measures, against illicit traffic in the region and, for this purpose, to establish arrangements for an expeditious exchange of information of an operational and intelligence nature, such as that relating to seizures of drugs, particulars of drug trafficking gangs and syndicates, their modus operandi . routes followed etc., and also to identify and nominate a nodal agency to facilitate and co-ordinate the exchange of such information and intelligence reports. 
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing international cooperation and measures to combat illicit drug trafficking, with a focus on reducing demand and implementing countermeasures. The language used suggests a focus on international relations, law enforcement, and public health. Given these themes, it is likely that the text falls under the category of health or humanitarian aid and relief.

**Category**
Health, Humanitarian aid and relief