the united states the amounts for procurement in the military budget for 1975 and 1.976 were $15 billion and $15 billion, respectively, rrhile shipments of defence products by the manufacturing sector in those years amounted to $29 billion and $34 billion, respectively (see A/36/356, annex, para. 1?5). The estimated ranges of global military demand for industrial goods fron 1977 to 1980 (based on 1978prices and exchange rates) were as follows: Year Ranqe, billions of 1978 US dollars 'L977 r978 r97 9 1980121-139 L23-L4T r25-L43 L2A-r45 Ere, A/36/356, annex, tabre rrr.r. 382. In a seLected group of developed market-economy countries \n 1977, military demand accounted for between 7.5 and 8.7 per cent of total manufacturing output (see A/36/355, annex, para. l3l). Moreover, one of the cbaracteristics of military denand is that it tends !o be concentrated in a limited number of energy-intensive and technology-intens ive lndustries that produce major items of military hardware,for example, aircraft, shtp-buildinq, electronics and communications. In theseindustries lhe weight of milltary demand was Significantly higher, and in many cases military sectors were in the position of monopsonist buyers r.rith povrer toinfluence the pattern of production and prices. For exanple, in the mid-1970s.nilitary demand in the United States accounted for about 45 per cent of the totalA/40/5r9 Eng li sh Paqe 191
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the economic aspects of military procurement and its impact on industries, particularly in the context of international trade. The focus is on the financial aspects of military spending and its influence on the production and prices of specific industries.

**Category**
Industry, International trade