tegrity of India or public order or morality, reasonable restrictions on the right to form associations or unions. 109. The Parliament may also by law determine, according to article 33 of the Indian Constitution, to what extent any of the rights conferred by the Constitu ­ tion shall, in their application to the members of the armed forces or the forces charged with the main ­ tenance of public order, be restricted so as to ensure proper discharge of the duties and maintenance of dis­ cipline among them. The rights of association of the personnel of armed forces and the police are thus sub­ ject to national laws in this regard. 110. The fundamental right as guaranteed under the Indian Constitution has been given effect to by the Indian Trade Unions Act, 1926. 111. As the subjects of “trade unions ” and “in­ dustrial and labour disputes ” figure in the concurrent list of the Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution, both the Parliament and the Legislatures of the States are empowered to enact legislation on matters pertain ­ ing to them. However, the laws enacted by the State Legislatures should in no way be repugnant to the Cen­ tral law on the subject, according to article 254, which reads as follows: (1) If any provision of a law made by the Legislature of a State is repugnant to any provision of a law made by Parliament which Parliament is competent to enact, or to any provision of any existing law with respect to one of the matters enumerated in the Concurrent List, then, subject to the provisions of clause (8), the law made by Parliament, whether passed before or after the law made by the Leg­ islature of such State, or, as the case may be, the existing law, shall 
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the rights and laws related to trade unions, industrial disputes, and the relationship between central and state governments in India. The language used is formal and legal, suggesting that the text is related to the government and its laws. The topic seems to be more focused on the regulation of labor and industrial relations rather than a specific sector or industry.

**Category**
Employment, Industry