to the development and deployment of new technology by both Governments and private industry. The scientific community should assist policy choice by analysing different technological options and economic and regulatory approaches. Extensive research and development will be needed to realize the full potential of energy technologies including energy efficiency and renewable energy. Major national and multinational programmes on renewable energy development and efficiency improvement possibilities should be established by all ECE countries. These efforts should be pursued in such a way that the benefits of new science and technology are made more widely available in North and South, East and West. (o) Research and development in the energy sector should be increased. Although today's primary energy sources will be available for a long time to come, the technical evolution process is vital because of the long lead times needed to establish major new energy sources, International co-operation between Governments and corporations is required to develop new advanced energy technologies. SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY 8. Industry is and will remain an essential provider for human needs. However, a rapid shift to sustainable forms of industrial development is essential to economic prospects and human survival. This shift should achieve a rational, effective approach to sound resource use, pollution prevention and waste minimization. It should be based on taking precautio~ary and preventative measures. I••. A/CONF.151/PC/10 English Page 39 The goal for sustainable industrial development should be to achieve clean production (processes and products). Clean production addresses all phases of the life cycle of a product with the objective of prevention and minimization of short­ and long-term risks to human health and the environment. (a) Countries and relevant organizations of the ECE region should further the development of joint strategies for the harmonization of environmental regulations. This should be based on promoting clean production as a priority. 
**Analysis**
This text appears to focus on the development and deployment of new technologies and strategies to achieve sustainable industrial activity, with a strong emphasis on environmental protection and resource management. The text also mentions international cooperation and the need for joint strategies to achieve these goals.

**Category**
Natural resources and environment, Industry, Science and technology