increase in the dollar value of projects under consideration, particularly between 1987 and 1988, when the estimated value of projects under consideration rose from $500 million to $4,000 million. External funds between 1981182 and 1985/86 in the countries of the Economic Commission for Africa are estimated to have increased in constant United States dollar terms by 77 per cent, while in the countries of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific the increase was 65 per cent. In the countries of the Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia the increase corresponded to 59 per Cent, while in the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean countries the increase was 37 per cent. The growing importance attached to sector financing by Governments and to the role of external support is demonstrated by Morocco, which earmarked 25 per cent of its UNDP indicative planning figure to that sector. 46. A marked change in the pattern of financing provided to the sector has been the increase in the proportion of funds being allocated to institutional development, management improvement, human r8sources d8V8lOpm8nt, community partnership promotion, etc. ( “software” programme components 1.This shift in /. . .A/45/327 English Page 14 emphasis stems from a realisation early in the Decade that much of the history of past failures had resulted from investments in the construction of facilities without attending, in parallel, to the development of associated infrastructural requirements. The number of externally funded projects addressing these issues has risen by around 140 per cent, which represents an actual increase in funding to “software” projects or project elements of over 300 per cent. Towards the end of the Decade, allocations for institutional development aspects of water supply and sanitation projects accounted for over 40 per cent of all external funding. 47. Although funding of more affordable sppropriate technology projects has
**Analysis**
The text discusses the increase in external funding for development projects, particularly in the sectors of institutional development, management improvement, human resources development, and community partnership promotion, which suggests that the category is related to economic development and international cooperation. The text also mentions specific sectors such as water supply and sanitation, which implies that the category is broader than just economic development.

**Category**
Economic development, International trade