haltingitonearthandlimiting andreducing nuclear armaments untiltheir complete elimination. Czechoslovakia isthethirdcountry, aftertheSovietUnionandtheUnited States, fromwhichacitizen hasentered outerspace.Itisactively participatingAI~O/~Y:.18 58-60 (Mr.Chnoupek, Czechoslovakia) inpeaceful spaceprogrammes andfullysupports theideaof·star.peace· asopposed tothethreatof·starwars·. Letmank~'d pL~~ed .~grandiose projects iftdus~ializifig thespacearound Earth. Letmankind createnewmaterials andproducts inconditions of weighlessness. Theimplementation ofsuchplansworthyofthepioneering spirit.of mankindis,however, possible onlyinconditions ofnon-militarization ofouter space. Spacetechnology mustbeplacedexclusively attheservice ofall,the entirehumanrace.Itmustnotbemonopolized asadestructive force,ashappened inthemid-l940s withnuclear energy. Theevilintention tomilitarize outerspacethreatens tohaveimmeasurable consequences. Todayitisthegreatest dangertopeace. Thisishowthe overwhelming majority ofmankind feels,asdemonstrated bythestatements ofso manyspeakers fromthisrostrum. Nevertheless, somepoliticians trytoconvince thepublicthatthisismerely anewstageofresearch that,supposedly, wouldnaturally leadtothereduction of nuclear armaments andeventually eliminate nuclear warfromsociety. Tosay something likethatistobecompletely outoftouchwithreality. Iftheproject oftheso-called strategic defence initiative isadetonator foranevenmore dangerous stageofthearmsrace,thenwhatiscalleditsscientific-research phase mustbeviewedinthesameway.Whatisinvolved arethefirstcomponents ofa project forspaceweapons designed toallowforafirstnuclear strikethatwould gounpunished. Theargument thatthispeace-destabilizing concept strengthens strategic stability simplycannotbemaintained. Theintroduction ofanysophisticated technology intothemilitary sphere cannotbenefit thesecurity ofonesideifitposesathreattoothers. Thereis onlyonecriterion: mutualsecurity ormutualinsecurity -forall... •(Mr.Chnoupek, Czechoslovakia) Andsoweattachalithegreater iMportance totheSoviet-United Statestalks onspaceandnuclear weapot,ls inGeneva. Theywoulddefinitely befavourably affected bytheadoption oftheSovietproposals toinstitute fortheduration of thetalksamoratorium onthedevelopment -including scientific research work- testing anddeployment ofoffensive sp~eeweapons, tofreezestrategic offensive weapons ofbothsides,tohaltthedeployment ofUnitedStatesintermediate-range missiles inEurope andtheexpansion oft~,pective counter-measures. Finallyit wouldbemostbeneficial forthetalksiftheUnitedStates weretojoininthe Sovietmoratoriumonallnuclear explosionsdeclared by Mikhail Sergeivich Gorbachev. Itisatrulyreasonable initiative, simple enough tobeunderstood byeverybody. Sowhatiswrongwithit?Itjustpavestheway foratotalbanonnuclear testsandthusforthestopping themodernization of nuclear weaponry. Itisagoodexample forotherStatesthatpossess nuclear weapons. Regrettably, however, theresponse oftheothersideisnegative. Itreveals anabsolute lackofgoodpolitical will,reflecting anattempt toconceal the directrelationship between nuclear testsandtheprogr,~mme tomilitarize outer space. Sowhatistheretosay?Themainpointisthatonceandforallonemust abandon thefatalillusion thatthedevelopment andproduction ofdestructive arms systems wouldforcethesocialist countriestogiveuponnotallowing theexisting approxima testrategicbalance tobeupset. Czechoslovakia advocates abanonallkindsofweapons designed foruse against objects inouterspaceandfromspaceagainst theearth.Itcallsforthe elimination ofspacefromthesphereofthearmsrace,andthatthisbecomean inviolable normofthepolicyofallStates andagenerally recognized(Mr.Chnoupek, Czechoslovakia) int~Jlationalobl1gation. Wetherefore regardas.iooovativeand.l'Il9;;ttimely th~. propo~al bytheSovietUniononinternational ~peration .inthe~aceful exploitation ofouterspaceunderconditions ofitsnon-militari~~~ion, anitem thathasbeenincluded onouragenda. WesupportitsideathattheGeneral Assembly shouldconvene, by19~7atlatest, aninternational confer~r:'ce tobe attended byStates withsignificant spacepotential andotherinterested countries, thatcouldagreeuponthebasicdirections andprinciples ofpeaceful co-operation inspace. Equally constructive isthesuggestion thattheconference should consider thequestion ofestablishing aworldspaceorganization fortheactivit~es ofStatesinpeaceful spaceactivities. Implementation ofthoseprojects would undoubtedly givemanthefeeling thatheneedssomuch,thathehasfirmground underhisfeet. Wecherish thehopethatinspiteofallobstacles theforthcoming Soviet-United Statessummitleveltalkswillmakeitpossible tolooktothe future, notonlyofthosetwolargecountries, butofallmankind. Certainly much
**Analysis**
The text primarily focuses on the theme of space exploration and the potential risks and benefits of militarizing outer space. It discusses the need for peaceful cooperation among nations to avoid a new arms race and the importance of establishing international agreements to prevent the militarization of space. The text also touches on the topic of nuclear disarmament and the need for a moratorium on nuclear tests.

**Category**
Science and technology, International relations