ofmasspopular movement against thesystemQfapartheid, aselfless struggle by democratic fQrcesledbytheARCandtheworkQfthafront-line andotherAfrican Statesandthewholeinternational community. Allofthisfinally compelled Pretoria torecognize thefutility Qfclinging t~thedoomedsystemofracialdiscrimination andtQunderstand theneedfor fundamental change. ThenegQtiating prQcessinSouthAfricaisbeginning tQtakeconcrete shape. WhatisimpQrtant isthatSouthAfricans sitting onbothsidesofthenegotiating tableshouldbecapable Qfovercoming theirprejUdices andfinding acommon language. Thefirststepshavebeentakenbut,asweknow,inallimportant endeavours thehardest thingismakingastart. Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryFMB/18 Al44/PV.98 78 (MIcBykoy,USSR) TheGovernment ofSouthAfricamustwithout delayimplement allthemeasures provided forintheDeclaration forcreating thenecessary climate fornegotiations aimedatdismantling thesyst~~ofapartheid andcreating a'democratic State. We havelongknownthatastheembodiment ofviolence thesystemof~artheid only I existsthankstoviolence. Thedirectlinkbetween aviolence-free atmosphere and thenegotiating processisclearly mentioned intheDeclaration onApartheid. TheSecretary-General referred totheconcern ofmanyorganizations inSouth Africaovertheviolence andintimidation byextreme right-wing circles whichhave created obstacles totheprocess ofimproving thepresent climate. Itisclear thattheGovernment ofSouthAfricamusttakethenecessary stepstoprevent manifestations ofviolence. Whilegivingduecredittocertain recentpositive changes inSouthAfrica, we shouldatthesametimestressthatatthepresent stageitwouldbepremature to raisethequestion ofrepealing sanctions andeasingexternal pressure onPretoria. Agreatdealstillremains tobedonetoeliminate theconflict situation in thesouthern African regionandtoeliminate thedestructive consequences ofthe policyofdestabilization andaggression bySouthAfrica. Muchheredepends onthe conductoftheGovernment ofSouthAfrica. Thepathtopeaceinthatarea,.and indeedinotherhotpointsovertheglobe,passesthrough mutualunderstanding and co-operation. Thetaskofeliminating ~artheid andturning SouthAfricaintoa democratic non-racial Staterequires thefurther building upandconsolidation of theefforts ofthewholeinternational community andthefullest possible activation ofexisting international machinery andthepeacemaking potential ofthe UnitedNations. Theconsensus achieved intheDeclaration onApartheid anditsDestructiv.e Consequences inSouthern Africahavebecomeavaluable collective accomplishment Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library----~~---------_._----_._--- FMB/18 Al44/PV.98 79-80 (Mr.BykoYrUSSR) thatmustofcoursebepreserved andbuiltupon.Theimportant thingisthatthe practical policies ofallStatestowards SouthAfricamustaccordwiththat document. ~eposition oftheSovietUnion,whichfirmlyopposes the~olicyof apartheid, iswell-known. Oursupport forthosewhoopposethisevilisunswerving andfounded onprinciple. TheSovietUnionsupports UnitedNations decisions. in thisarea.Itcomplies withthesanctions laiddownbytheUnitedNations and consistently supports allefforts designed tobringabouttheearlyelimination of apartheid. ThisisapolicywhichtheSovietUnionintendsto'pursueinthefuture. Theproeess ofdismantling thesystemofapartheid isnotlikelytobesimple oreasy.Manyobstacles willhavetobeoverome. Ofcoursebothsidesmustshow political restraint andrealism, goodwill andthecapacity tomakesensible compromise. Theremustbeconstant energetic efforts -including withinthe framework oftheUnitedNations -tobuildineverypossible wayontheprocess thathasbegunandtoachieve assoonaspossible thegoalinview-thetotal elimination oftheapartheid system. AsfortheSovietUnion,IcanassuretheAssembly thatthoseforcesworking fordemocratic changeinSouthAfricacanalwayscountonouractive suppo~t. Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryFMB/19 Al44/PV.9a 81 Mr.WALKER(Jamaica): Jamaica welcomes thisopportunity todiscuss the reportoftheSecretar,y-General onprogress madeintheimplementaticn ofthe Declaration onApartheid anditsDestructive Consequences inSouthern Africa, particularly atatimewhendiscussions arealsotakingplaceinSouthAfricawhich seemtobesetting thestage,weverymuchhope,fortheeventual dismantlement of theevilsystemofapartheid. WewouldfirstwishtothanktheSecretary-General, Mr.PerezdeCuellar, for theinitiatives takenincarrying outthemandate entrusted tohimbytheGeneral Assembly inthemannerwhichhasearnedhimaccolades fortherolehecontinues to playinraising thecredibility andprestige ofthisOrganization asapromoter of
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a speech or statement made by a representative of the Soviet Union to the United Nations General Assembly, discussing the progress of the anti-apartheid movement in South Africa and the role of the international community in promoting democratic change. The speech highlights the need for violence-free atmosphere, mutual understanding, and cooperation to eliminate the system of apartheid and establish a democratic non-racial state. The text does not mention economic development, natural resources, industry, transport, or communication, but rather focuses on the political and social aspects of the conflict.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, International relations