modalities ofimplementation oftheConvention. Thedebate onthesubject of reservations generally reflected thedifferences between theshipping interests/objectives ofthedeveloped market-economy countries andthoseof manyofthedeveloping countries. Asregards technological andstructural changes inworldlinershipping, developing countries expressed theirconcern thatthespeedofsuchchanges tendedtoaffect themadversely withregardto theirparticipation inworldlinershipping.A/CN.9/336 English Page30 80.Attheconclusion ofthesession, aresolution wasadopted unanimously whichrecognized thecontinuing validity oftheConvention andinvitedall Statesthatwereentitled tobecomecontracting parties, butthathadnotyet doneso,toconsider ratifying oracceding totheConvention. Theresolution requested th~Secretary-General oftheUnitedNations toconvene aresumed session oftheReviewConference in1989. 3.UNCTAD/UNCITRAL: Studyontheeconomic andcommercial implications oftheentryintoforceoftheHamburg Rulesandthe Multimodal Transport Convention 81.Intheprevious report(A/CN.9/324, para.80)ithadbeenreported that theUNCTADSecretariat waspreparing astudyontheeconomic andcommercial implications oftheUnitedNations Convention ontheCarriage ofGoods by Sea, 1978(Hamburg) andtheUnitedNations Convention onMultimodal Transport of Goods(MTOConvention). PartIofthestudies dealtwiththeHamburg Rules andwasprepared incollaboration withtheUNCITRAL Secretariat (TD/B/C.4/315 (PartI».Thesecondpartofthestudy,dealing withtheMultimodal Transport Convention, wasissuedattheendof1989forconsideration bythe fourteenth session oftheCommittee onShipping. The two partswilllaterbe combined toformonebooklet. 4.UNCTAD/IMO/CMI: maritime liensandmortgages andrelated subiects 82.TheJointIntergovernmental GroupofExperts onMaritime Liensand Mortgages andRelated Subjects established byUNCTAD andIMOhelditsfifth andsixthsessions during1989.Itcompleted itspreparation ofadraftset ofarticles foraconvention onmaritime liensandmortgages andrecommended thattheCommittee onShipping ofUNCTAD andtheLegalCommittee ofIMO recommend totherelevant bodiesoftheUnitedNations theconvening ofa diplomatic conference fortheadoption ofthedraftMaritime Liensand Mortgages Convention. TheJointGroupfurther recommended thattherelevant bodiesofUNCTAD andIMOconsider makingprovision forfurther meetings ofthe JointGrouptoreview, inthelightoftheresults ofthediplomatic conference, the1952Convention Relating totheArrestofSeagoing Ships, aftertheadoption ofthefinaltextoftheConvention onMaritime Liensand Mortgages (TD/B/C./AC.8/27). 5.UNCTAD: charter parties 83.Thetwelfth session oftheWorking GrouponInternational Shipping Legislation whichwasscheduled tobeheldin1989todealwiththesubject of charter parties waspostponed untilOctober 1990. 6.UNCTAD: marineinsurance 84.ThetextoftheUNCTAD ModelClauses onMarineHullandCargoInsurance drafted bytheWorking GrouponInternational Shipping Legislation and endorsed bytheTradeandDevelopment Boardwasreissued (TD/B/C.5/ISL/50 Rev.1).Thedocument includes abriefexplanation astothemannerinwhich theModelClauses canbeusedbyinsurance markets. 7.UNCTAD: maritime fraud 85.TheMaritime FraudPrevention Exchange (MFPE)established underthe auspices ofUNCTADbyprivate sectororganisations (A/CN.9/324, paras.87 and 88),inanattempt tohelpincombating maritime fraudbyproviding afocal• •A/CN.9/336 English Page31 pointforinformation, becameoperational on 1December 1988. TheMFPEhas beenrenamed astheMaritime Advisory Exchange andislocated inLondon. 8.UNCTAD: minimum standards forshipping agents 86.TheUNCTAD Minimum Standards forShipping Agentsendorsed bythe Committee onShipping atitsthirteenth session inMarch1988wereissuedin document UNCTAD/ST/SHIP/13. The Minimum Standards arenon-mandatory innature andaretoserveasguidelines fornational authorities andprofessional associations inestablishing theirownstandards applicable toshipping agents. 9.UNCTAD: co-operation amongdeveloping countries inshipping, portsandmultimodal transport 87.Initsdecision 63(XIII)on"Economic Co-operation between developing countries intheareaofshipping, portsandmultimodal transport" the
**Analysis**
The text appears to be focused on the implementation and development of international maritime law and regulations, including conventions, model clauses, and guidelines related to shipping, ports, and multimodal transport. It seems to be primarily concerned with facilitating trade and economic development, particularly between developing countries. The text does not mention natural resources, agriculture, forestry, fishing, health, education, employment, humanitarian aid, culture, or science and technology.

**Category**
Transport and communication, International trade