trial before a jury when charged with an offence for which jury trial is available. The result of doing so may be to deprive themselves of the benefits of a social inquiry report, which might lead the court to impose a non-custodial penalty, and of reduced sentences to take account of guilty pleas, and perhaps more generally to appear in ways which are commonly associated with more serious types of offending. CCPR/C/58/Add.6 page 6 28. It has been argued that sentences should be comprehensively monitored on a basis of ethnic origin in order to establish whether or not discrimination is in fact taking place. The Government believes, however, that comprehensive monitoring of sentencing on its own (even if it were practicable) would only add confusion and reinforce the prejudices which already exist. What is needed is a clear understanding of the way in which the system affects members of ethnic minority groups at each stage in the process, and the determination to ensure sensitivity and fairness and to create confidence at every point in the system. 29. It is now accepted that all the operational services in England and Wales - police, courts, prosecution, probation and prisons - need a clearly stated policy on race issues, a top management which is fully and publicly committed to it, and a structure and procedures for putting it into effect. The policy and procedures have to cover recruitment, training, the deployment of staff, the delivery of the service and a system for monitoring performance. 30. Comprehensive policies for dealing with all these issues are now being developed in each of the services. The prison service in England and Wales has a well developed system of accountability for race issues which operates at all levels in the system. The prison service's commitment to a policy of 
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the administration of justice and the treatment of ethnic minority groups within the criminal justice system in England and Wales. It highlights the importance of ensuring fairness, sensitivity, and confidence in the system, and discusses measures to achieve this, such as comprehensive policies and monitoring of performance. The text does not seem to be related to economic development, natural resources, industry, transport, communication, international trade, health, education, humanitarian aid, or science and technology.

**Category**
Education, Employment, Humanitarian aid and relief