secretariat oftheEconomic andSocial Council Committee onnon-governmental organizations andgiveincreased attention todeveloping consultations andcontacts through annual consultations andadhocmeetings between Member States and non-governmental organizations inconsultative status. Finally, thesubprogramme willalsocontinue toassist non-governmental organizations indeveloping collaborative relations withsubstantive andprogramme offices withtheviewto contributing totheimplementation oftherespective mandates oftheprogrammes. SUBPROGRAMME 9.INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PLANNING ANDPOLICIES (a)Objectives 12.78 Thelegislative authority forsubprogramme 9derives fromGeneral Assembly resolutions 32/197, 43/199, 44/169, 44/211, 44/212, 44/220 and44/227. 12.79 Widespread international economic instability andtheforeign~debt and balance-of-payments problems ofdeveloping countries inrecent yearshaveincreased theimportance andurgency ofstrengthening thetechniCal andinstitutional capacity ofthosedeveloping countries forplanning theireconomic andsocial development inordertogainthegreatest benefits fromtheresources available to themfordevelopment. Through technical co-operation activities manydeveloping countries haveraisedsignificantly theirtechnical 'andinstitutional capacityfor development planning, andmanyarenowabletoapplyeffectively morespecialized andadvanced planning techniques. However, thecritical economic difficulties they stillface,manyofthemcaused orinfluenced byexternal factors totheireconomy, create aneedforcontinued international support inthisfield, emphasizing immediately applicable andusefulassistance. -18-12.80 Theobjective ofthesubprogramme istostrengthen thetechnical and institutional capacity ofdeveloping countries toprepare andimplement integrated policies andplansaimedataccelerating andenhancing theireconomic andsocial development. (b)CourseofactionoftheSecretariat 12.81Particular attention willbegiventopublic-investment programming and monitoring, foreign-debt andbalance-of-payments issues, short-term andoperational planning, budgetdeficits, co-ordinating external assistance, mobilization of financial resources andactivities related tostructural adjustment andrecovery programmes. Assistance willalsobeprovided inmedium-term national planning, sectoral planning, long-term perspective planning, forecasting techniques and multinational andsubnational (regional) planning, Assistance willbeprovided, as appropriate andattherequest ofGovernments, through expertise andtraining and through operation-oriented research aimedatdeveloping innovative models and methodologies forenhancing theeffectiveness andefficiency of development-planning activities indeveloping countries. Special support willbe giventotheleastdeveloped countries, islanddeveloping countries andthe countries inotherspecial categories wheretheneedsaregreatest. Consideration ofTCDCmodalities ofco-operation willbemadewhenever appropriate. Assistance willbegiventotheWorldFoodProgramme inappraising government requests for foodaid. SUBPROGRAMME 10.PLANNING ANDCO-ORDINATION OFINTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION (INCLUDING COUNTRY PROGRAMMING) (a)Objectives 12.82 Thelegislative authority forsubprogramme 10derives fromGeneral Assembly resolutions 32/197, 44/169, 44/211 and44/220. 12.83External technical andfinancial co-operation isanimportant meansforthe developing countries ofovercoming constraints todevelopment. Theneedfor co-ordination bytheGovernment ofaidfrommanysources requires close harmonization andcareful planning ofinternational technical andfinancial assistance. Co-ordination needstobeanintegral partoftheoverall economic and social development planning. Thisisparticularly crucial inthecaseoftheleast
**Analysis**
The text discusses the strengthening of developing countries' technical and institutional capacity for planning and implementing economic and social development, as well as the coordination of international technical and financial cooperation. It highlights the importance of addressing foreign debt, balance-of-payments problems, and structural adjustment and recovery programs. These themes suggest that the text is primarily focused on economic development.

**Category**
Economic development