45. Between 1982 and 1990, over 10,000 people had been brought before the State Security Court, most of them for political crimes or for their opinions, some had been sentenced to long prison terms. Many had been victims of ill-treatment and torture while in detention. Recently, the situation had deteriorated, and in Diyarbakir on 28 May 1990 about 200 people were reported to have been arrested when meeting in front of the headquarters of the Socialist Party. In Darge9it, in the Mardin province, solidarity on behalf of the families of hunger strikers had been brutally repressed; on 2 June 1990 about 100 people, including 29 women, had been arrested and taken to Mardin for trial, accused of "resisting the authorities" and "participating in demonstrations without authorization". Also under the emergency measures, on 26 July 1990 the only medical doctor for the town of Tunceli had been banished. 46. Inhabitants of the districts of Sirnak, Ertuh, Uludere, BeytUssdebap, Cukurca, Semdine, Silopi and Catak had been deported, their houses set on fire and the mountains and surrounding woods bombarded. Inhabitants of villages and settlements within 15 kilometres of the Iraqi border were also being deported and those who resisted were killed and their houses burnt down. Deported Kurdish villagers were forcibly settled in localities in Cukurca and the village of Arus. She wondered how Turkey could defend Turkish minorities outside the Turkish borders and speak about oppression of Turks in Cyprus and Bulgaria, while it was oppressing the Kurdish people. 47. Since 15 March 1990, 3,000 Kurdish refugees had been sent back from Turkey or, in the words of official sources, "voluntarily returned" to Iraq. Despite the amnesty promised by Iraq, hundreds of civilian refugees had been arrested on their return and accused of being combatants. Some had been executed and others were detained in concentration camps. 
**Analysis**
The text describes human rights violations and conflicts in Turkey, specifically targeting the Kurdish population. It highlights the detention, torture, and forced displacement of Kurdish people, as well as the repression of political gatherings and protests. The text also mentions the return of Kurdish refugees to Iraq, where they were arrested, executed, or detained in concentration camps. These events are not related to economic development, natural resources, or environmental issues.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, Human rights