been severely constrained bv logging, and within several months will be made impossible by the clearing of their forest. Furthermore, the Penan are prohibited bv the Government to move about and dwell within designated "parklands", formerly their ancestral lands. The imminent destruction of the area of the rain forest in which they have now been confined will result in the total loss of their movement about their homeland. B. International law of natural resources and human rights 14. The close relationship between human rights and the environment is borne out bv the fate of the Penan. While the right of the State to exploit its natural resources is internationally recognized, this right does not enable the State to do so in a manner which violates the human rights of its people. It must provide for the welfare of its people, including its indigenous population. The taking of the Penan forests, even if the Government were to provide monetary compensation, would not compensate for the emotional and cultural losses to these people. Compensation may not be an adequate means to re-establish the standard of living of the nomadic Penan or to provide for their welfare. 15. The Stockholm Declaration of 1972 recognizes the right of all people to a healthy subsistence - adequate food and safe water. In addition the Declaration requires that human settlements and urbanization must be planned with a view to avoiding adverse effects on the environment and obtaining maximum social, economic and environmental benefits for all. 16. The World Charter for Nature reauires that any activity likely to pose a significant risk to nature must be preceded by an exhaustive examination of these risks. Not onlv does the destruction of the rain forest threaten the habitat and species in the forests, but the unfettered logging now sanctioned 
**Analysis**
The text primarily focuses on the issue of logging and its impact on the Penan indigenous community, their rights, and the environment. The discussion revolves around the relationship between human rights and the environment, highlighting the need for sustainable development and the protection of natural resources. The text does not explicitly mention economic development, industry, or international trade, but rather emphasizes the importance of considering the welfare of indigenous communities and the environment in development decisions.

**Category**
Natural resources and environment, Humanitarian aid and relief, Culture