functioning ofthecourts, theroleofinformation media,theeducation systemand thesystemoflandtenure,particularly inconnection withthebillconcerning the Crownlandsandhereditary land ~enure. 190.Theeighth, ninthandtenthperiodic reports ofNiger,submitted inone document (CERD/C/172/Add.1) wereconsidered bytheCommittee atits838thme.ting, heldon11August1989without theparticipation ofarepres~ntative ofthe reporting State(CERD/C/SR.838), afactregretted bytheCommittee. OWingtothe subsequent political andlegalchanges thathadoccurred inthecountry, m.mbers of theCommittee pointed outthatthereportdidnotr.flect thecurr.nt situation 1n Niger. 191.Members wishedtoknow,therefore, whether thecountry wasstillsubject toa suspended Constitution orifworkonthebasisofth~Natiohal Charter of1987had ledtoanewCon.titution, andifthiswasnowinforc~. -41- •192.Turning tospecific articles oftheConvention, members asked,inconnection witharticle 4,wheth~r anewPenalCodeoran~nendment toarticle 102 o~theold PenalCodehadbeenadopted inordertomakepunishable thecreation ormaintenance ofracialorganizations. Theyrequested thatthetextsofanysuch ~ended lawsbe transmitted totl.Committee inthenextperiodic report, particularly because of therelevance ofarticle 102oftheoldPenalCodetoarticles 3and4ofthe Convention. Furthermore, members inquired whether article ZZZoftheoldPenal Codealsocovered actscommitted bygovernment officials, orwhether suchofficials wereheldresponsible underadministrative procedures exclusively. 193.Withreference toarticle 5,members wishedtoknowhowethnicorlinguistic groupsinthecountry wererepresented inelected bodies andiftheyhadany influence 0..thepresentation ofcandidates forelections. Theyaskedwhether new rulesintheRuralCode,andontherighttoinherit, hadcomeintoforce. Information wassoughtonwhether improvements inthepublichealth system hadbeen achieved andonthenumbers ofdoctors working inthedistrict ofAgadez. Members wisnedtoknowwhether enrolment inschools hadincreased andifprimary education wastaughtinthevarious nativelanguages. Theyalsoaskedifithadbeen possible tosurmount thedirficulties intheso-called .10madschools, whereparents hadbeenreluctant toenroltheirchildren. Furthe. information wasrequested on theattempt tointroduce anAfrican language astheofficial language ofthe country, inplaceoftheFrenchlanguag9. 194.Withregardtoarticle 6,members wishedtoknowthelegalbasisforclaiming damageintheCivilCourtsifarticle 102oftheoldPenalCodeweretobeviolatad. 195.TheCommittee decided thatthesummary records ofthemeeting shouldbesent totheGovernr.lent ofNigerinorderthattheirresponse tothequestions posed couldbeincluded intheirnextperiodic report. lQ6.ThesixthandReventh pdriodic reports ofRwanda (CERD/C/146/Add.1 and CERD/C/169/Add.1) were ~onsidered bytheCommittee atits839thmeeting, heldon 14August1989(CERD/C/SR.839). 197.Inhisintl'oductory statelllent, therepresentative ofRwandaElxplained that, undertheRwandese constitutional system, aninternational convention tookeffect immediately uponratificRtion, without anyneedfortheadoption ofotherlegalor administrative measures. Heprovided theCommittee withadetailed listshowing howart.icle!3 oftheInternatiol'al Convention ontheElimination ofAllFormsof RacialDiscrimination werecovered underRwandese legislation. 198.Members oftheCommittee statedthatbothreports wereofavery h~ghquality andfollowed theCommittee's gaidelines onthepresentation ofreports. Itwas al~ostatedthattheseventh reporthadanswered manyquestions raised byth~ Committee duringltsconsideration oClhesixthreport. 199.Members askedforinformat.ion nnth~situation regarding therepatriation of Ugandan refugees whohadentered thecountry in1982andonthemorerecentinflux ofrofugees fromBurundi. 200.Withreference tospecific articles oftheConvention, porticularly article 2, members askedforclarification ontheRwandese policyofvalance intheequitable -42-distribution of8mployment, onwhether thepolicysetquotasortargets andonthe sy~temofclassification ofpeople underthepolicy. Questions wereaskedonthe extent towhichthewritten formofkinyarwanda, theofficial language, wasused nationally andonthelevelofliteracy within thecountry. 201.Turning toarticle 4,members wishedtoknowifincitement toracialhatred
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a report from a United Nations committee discussing the implementation of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination in various countries, specifically Niger and Rwanda. The report covers a wide range of topics, including education, employment, health, and government policies. It seems that the report is focused on the social and political aspects of the countries being reported on, rather than economic or environmental issues.

**Category**
Education, Employment, Humanitarian aid and relief, Health