unresolved issues in the United Nations code debate. For example, non-interference by transnational corporations _ in internal political affoirs was a contentious topic early in the debate. Home Governments can now endorse the principle of non-interference without seeming thereby to accept allegations of widespread transnational corporation miscond uct. In fact, the non-interference principle is now finally accepted by all sides in the code discuss~ons, reducing this once burning political issue to a manageable debate over appropriate formulation. 45. The code discussions on the outstanding issues are often locked into a debate that no longer corresponds to the altered political and economic reality of transnational corporation operations. Innovative risk-sharing measures and conflict resolution procedures provide ways to manage problems associate d with transnational corporation operations, but these practical changes have not yet carried over into the code discussions. The deadlocked debate over expropriation/compensation and a reference to international law or obligations is another excellent example in this respect. Even if the dramatic reduction of expropriation incidents during the 1980s may only be priJ!llLfacie evidence of the decreasing importance of this controversy, more convincing are developments that appear to account for the declining e:xpropriation figures, includiI1g both corporate techniques to reduce, manage or offset potential expropriation risks, and changing governmental practices that decrease the attractiveness or need for expropriation actions. 46. Corporations have increased their use of reduced and non-equity investments since the early 1970s, thereby decreasing their exposure to expropriation. Joint ventures, project finance, turnkey operations, and management contracting are among the techniques mentioned earlier that enable transnational corporations to share the burden of raising capital for new projects as well as spread the risk of subsequent losses. Additiona l progress is evident on bilateral and multilateral mechanisms to insure or otherwise guarantee against expropriation of investment capital.. 
**Analysis**
The text discusses the United Nations code debate and its relevance to transnational corporations, focusing on issues such as non-interference, expropriation, and risk-sharing measures. It appears to be more concerned with the legal and political aspects of corporate operations rather than specific sectors or industries. The language used is formal and technical, suggesting that the topic is of interest to policymakers and international organizations.

**Category**
International trade, Industry