continue tobeamajor,indeedindispensable, instrument forinternational peace andsecurity• Africaisconfronting theworldwithafundamental challenge: therightto existandtoexistindignity areatstakethere.InseveralpartsofAfrica, crisesandtensions haveledtoviolence andinfringements ofhumandignity. To thatmustbeaddedtheextreme poverty created byfoodshortages, andparticularly thefamineinseveral regionsofthecontinent. Quiteobviously, suchserious problems cannotbesolvedmerelybyeconomic measuresJ political solutions arealso required. InSouthAfrica, thevastmajority ofSouthAfricans arestilldeniedthe righttoadignified existence andtotheexercise ofthemostelementary human rights. Thecontinued tragicadherence ofapartofthewhitepopulation tothe immoral systemofapartheid causesacontinued deterioration ofthesituation, whicheachdayleadstomoreviolence andinjustice andtakesanincreasing tollof victims. ThePretoria Government mustwithout delayengageinapolicythatwill leadrapidly totheabolition ofthesystemofapartheid.Bcr/jh A/40/t>V.6 ~,...00 (Mr.Pcos,Luxembourg) TheTenwouldremindtheAssembly thattheirobjective istheelimination of apartheid, pureandsimple, andnotjusttheelimination ofsomeofitselements. Theycondemn theuseofviolence fromwhatever quarter. Theyrejectthepolicyof bantustanization. Itisimperative thatallthecitizens ofSouthAfricaenjoy equalrightsJ theminorities mustbeprotected. Themostrecentexpressions of intention bytbePretoria Government mustnowtakeforminconcrete measures. Such measures must,above.all,beconvincing totheblackpopUlation. TheTenregardas indispensable agreater determination tobringaboutreformandstronger indications ofadesireforconciliation. Theopening ofadialogue withthe representatives oftheblackpapulation isnecessary. Inordertoimprove the ."\ancesforsuchdialogue, measures shouldbetakentoestablish aclimateof confidence; amongsuchmeasures arethoseformulated bytheTen-thatis, interaltartheendofthestateofemergency; thereleaseofdetainees and political prisoners, inclUding Mr.Mandela, andtheelimination ofdiscriminatory legislation. Thissummer, andparticularly on22and31July,theMinisters forForeign Affairs oftheTen,aswellasSpainandPortugal, spelled outtheirposition withinthepresent context. Theydecided tosendaEuropean ministerial mission to southAfrica. Thatmission wasinSOuthAfricabetween 30Augustand1september. Inaddition tocontacts withthegovernmental authorities, othercontacts took place,especially withrepresentatives oftheofficial andunoff'~~al opposition. Onthatbasis,theTendecided on10September tokeepuptheirpressure, andthey harmonized theirpositions onanumberofmeasures tobetakenwithregardtoSouth Africa. Thequestion ofo~ermeasures, inclUding sanctions, remains onthe agenda. TheTenreservetheir?ighttoreconsider thei~position ifthereisnot significant progress withinareasonable period.SCl/jh A/40/PV.6 69 (Ml'.Peas,Luxembourg) TheGovermaent ofSouthAfricacannotavoidtheisperative needtoabolish apartheid without delay. Sosewhiteinhabitants quitewrongly believethatthey c~nrefusetofacethefacts. Butt£1eycannotescapethem.Theirresponsibility isenormous, andnothing authorizes themtoallowtheircountry anditspeopleto beengulfed inchaos. TheTenarerightly concerned overthepersistence ofconflict situations and ofseriousthreats tothesovereignty anddevelopment oftheotherStatesof southern Africa. InNamibi~,itremains necessary toimplement, without pte-conditions andwithout delay,5eculity Council resolution 435(1978)-still theonlyacceptable basisforafinalsettlement. SouthAfrica's illegal occupation mas~cease, andtheNamibian PeOplemustbeallowed toe~ercise their righttoself-deterAination assoonaspossible. TheTenregardtheinterim Government established bySouthAfricaasnullandvoid.They reaffi~ their support forthefront-line StatesandtheNamibian peopleinthepoltical and economic spheres. TheTenexpress theirfullsupport forSecurity Council resolution 571(1985), whichdemands thatSOuthAfricaimmediately withdraw fromAngolaandabstain from allactsofaggression against theneighbouring countries. ~inally, thesituation intheHornofAfricaischaracterized bypersistent tensions, forwhichnegotiated political solutions mustbeurgently sought, onthe basisoftheprinciples oftheUnitedNations Charter anddecisions bythe Organization ofAfrican Unity. Drought anddesertlfication, particularly intheSudan~Sahelian regionandin theHornofAfrica, havecauseddeath,epiaemic, exodus, destruction oftraditional structures anddelayinthedevelopment ofalltoomanyStates. Theascistance to
**Analysis**
The text primarily focuses on the political and humanitarian situation in Africa, particularly in South Africa, Namibia, Angola, and the Horn of Africa. It highlights the struggles of the black population in South Africa under the apartheid system and the need for peaceful solutions to the conflicts in the region. The text also mentions the impact of drought and desertification on the environment and human well-being.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, International relations