Ministry of State. Usually, this sector carries out appl led research and development of technologies. Two groups can be distinguished: a) Centers dependent on Ministries of State, whose objectives are consistent with the functions of those Ministries and are oriented to solving problems and offering scientific and technological services directly related to the operation of the sold Ministries. Some examples are the centers that depend on the Ministry o1 Health and Welfare, Agriculture and Hydraul lc Resources 4 and Energy, Mines and Public Industr-y. b) The network of centers coordinated by the Ministry of Programming and Budget and CONACYT, where basic and appl led research and the ~evelopment of technologies are carried out, oriented basically to: I) the solution of major national problems, which generally are multi­ disciplinary and Inter-sectorial; II) the forecast of changes In the country's econanlc, social and technological conditions within the International panorama, to give support to decisions of national lmportnce. Pr lvate Sector, Inc 1 udes I aborator les and research departments of private enterprise. 'In this group. the primary activity Is technological development, but It must be noted that this type of activity In the private sector Is stll I very weak. Centers and institutes affiliated to higher educaTional Institutions constitute th~ most Important nucleus of baste research, although research necessities In the country art so vast that the actual size of this nucleus Is still InsuffiCient, particularly In certain areas considered as promisory for an Independent technological development, such as those thaT will have an Impact on the future production of food produCts and energetics. Among the various qual ltatlve aspects of the research subsystem, the following are hlghl lghted: -Central lzatlon Is enormous, both In respect to geographic location and to Institutions. Despite the creation of many research centers throughout the states, between 80 
**Analysis**
The text discusses the research and development sector in Mexico, highlighting the roles of different groups, including the Ministry of State, private sector, and centers affiliated with higher educational institutions. The text emphasizes the importance of research in addressing national problems, forecasting changes, and supporting decision-making. The focus on technological development, particularly in areas such as food production and energy, suggests that science and technology play a crucial role in the country's development.

**Category**
Science and technology, Industry, Education