operates a ship engaged in conmercial [non-governmentalJ service cannot invoke inmunity frorn jurisdiction before a court of another SEate which is ot,herwise competent in any proceeding relating to the operation of that ship provided that,at the time the cause of action arose, the ship was in use or intended exclusively for use for commercial [nonjovernmentalJ purposes. 2. Paragraph I does not apply to warships and naval auxiliaries nor to other ships owned or operated by a State and used or intended for use in governnent non-cornmerc ial service. 3. For the purposes of this article, the expression "proceeding relating to the operation of that ship" shall mean, inEer alia, ttny proceeding involving the determination of: (a) a claim in respect of collision or other accidents of navigation; (b) a claim in respect of assistance, salvage and general averagei (c) a claim in respect of repairs, supplies, or other contracts relating to the ship. 4. Unless otherwise agreed between the States concerned, a State cannot invoke immunity from jurisdict.ion before a court of another State which is oEherwise comPetent. in any proceeding relating to the carriage of cargo on board a ship owned or operated by that State and engaged in conrnercial [non-governmental] service provided that, at the tirne the cause of action arose, the ship was in use or intended exclusively for use for conmercial [non-governnenEal] purposes. 5. ParagraPh 4 does not apply to any cargo carried on board the ships referred Eo in paragraph 2, nor to any cargo belonging to a State and used or intended for use in governnent non-comnercial service.A/40/447 English Page 22 6. states may plead aII neasures of defence, prescripcion and linitation ofI'tabilityr which are available to private ships and cargoes and their owners.
**Analysis**
This text appears to be discussing the rules and regulations governing the jurisdiction and immunity of ships engaged in commercial activities. It seems to be focused on the legal framework that applies to these vessels, particularly in the context of international relations and diplomatic immunity. Given the emphasis on jurisdiction, immunity, and legal proceedings, it is likely that this text falls under a category related to the legal or international relations aspects of shipping.

**Category**
Transport and communication, International trade