role in the Alferian econorry, ana will earn the country at least as much as cruce oil. In 1982 Alreria was planninf to export 47.5 billion cubic metres of faS (equivalent to 39.2 million ton­ nes of oil), as well as 40 million tonnes of oil. 5. Coal 134. Production of ccal in developinf Africa is still nerligible, despite the e>:istence of sizable reserves. The only country usinf coal o~ a laree scale is Zi~babwe, which produces ever 3 million tonnes a year, more than ha~f of total production in developing Africa. In 1981, output from the n:ajor producers fell by 6 per cent, larrely as a result c: a crop cf nearly 8.5 per cent in Zimbabwe. Botswana Morocco Nigeria Swaziland Zambia Zimbabwe Total 'l'able IV.C.2 Coal production (Thousancs cf tonnes) 1979 355 720 172. 1 177.0 598.5 3 188 5 210.6 ·source: ECA secretariat. 1980 371 680 176 184.2 579 3 134 5 124.2 6. Consumption of retroleurr. products 1981 381 703 216.6 157.7 507 2 867 4 832.3 135. Petroleum procucts are the most important ite~s in commer­ cial enerry consumption. In 1979, ccn~umpticn was 60.2 million tonnes of coal equivalent, 73.8 per cent of the total cf 81.7 million tonnes consume~. With risinf prices, consumption has been curtailec in oil-importinf countrie[~, while oj.l exporters have hac no cifficul ties in this resrect. However, the structure 73 E/ECA /CM. 9/5 of the oil-importing economies is such that it is quite dif­ficult to reduce consumption of oil products and shift to other resources without sacrificing growth. Nevertheless, with petroleum imports accounting for 50 per cent of export revenues, as was the case in the United Republic of Tanzania in 1981, cut- backs have been inevitable. Governments have introduced various measures to limit consumption, from raising prices to imposing 
**Analysis**
The text primarily focuses on the economic aspects of a country, specifically the production and consumption of natural resources, such as oil, coal, and other energy sources. It also touches on the impact of these resources on the economy, particularly in developing countries. The text does not discuss agriculture, forestry, fishing, or any of the other categories.

**Category**
Economic development, Natural resources and environment