itsymbolizes. Clearly, withouttheco-opera tionoftheparties concerned andthe necessary political willoftheentire membership, peacekeeping operations cannot reallygetofftheground. TheUnitedNations anditsfamilyofspecialized agencies andaffiliated bodieshaveachieved considerable success inanumberofsectors, inparticular thoseinthesocio-economic anddecolonization realms. Indeed, intheeconomic, social andhumanitarian fields theachievements oftheoperational agencies ofthe UnitedNations havebeenparticularly impressive. Theyhavemadevaluable contributions towards theeconomic andsocialdevelopment ofdeveloping countries.economic order. oftheOrganization tobuildasafeanddurable worldorder. Thevisionthenwas oflifeforallinlargerfreedom.A/40/PV.23 37 TheUnitedNationsisanassociation ofStateswhichhavedecidedrinfreeJVMV1! (Mr.SubbarNepal) International conferences, progra.mes anddeclarations onbasicissuesr suchasnew andrenewable sourcesofenergYr science andtechnology, population renvironment TheUnitedNations wasestablished tosavemankind fromthescourge ofwar.rarelyhighlighted, haveindeedgreatlycontributed tothefulfilment oftheandtheroleofwomeninpeaceanddevelopment, haveawakened globalconsciousness purposes oftheCharteratthebasiclevelofhumanendeavour. Itsachievements in havebeensubstantial, andincludeauthoritative definitions offundamental human Thesearejustafewoftheimportant achievements oftheUnitedNations inrightsandfreedom. inability toevolveaneffective systemforthemaintenance ofinternational peaceencouraging theprogressive development ofinternational lawanditscodification thelast40years. Unfortunately thesesuccesses havebeenovershadowed bytheonthosekeyissues. Thesequietachievements oftheUnitedNations, whicharebut andsecurity; secondlYr tothefailure tocurbtheescalating armsrace;andlackofprogress inthreefundamental issuesofourtimes. Ireferrfirs~to the thirdlYr tothecontinued deadlock intheefforts toestablish ajustinternational toevolveasystemforthemaintenance ofinternational peaceandsecurity based mainsourceofinsecurity amongnations. Suchamodelregimeofinternational lawlargely onani~stitution guaranteeing thepeaceful settlement ofdisputes, the wouldinstitutionalize faithinfundamental humanrightsandinthedignity and worthofthehumanpersonrthereby promoting socialprogress andbetterstandardsSecondWorldWar.Thetraumasofwarinstilled anover-confidence inthecapacityTheOrganization aroseoutofthecatastrophic destruction andupheaval oftheJVM/ll A/40/PV.23 38 (Hr.Subba,Nepal) exercise oftheirsovereign will,toabidebyandupholdtheprinciples and purposes incorporated intheCharter. Co-operation between MemberStates, and especially between thepermanent members ofthesecurity Council whohavebeen assigned special rEu:'~nsibility forthemaintenance ofinternational peaceand security, isthesinequanonforthesuccess oftheOrganization. Thereare therefore obvious reasons whythedevelopment ofatrulyeffective international orderhasbeenextremely difficult andsopainfully slowtoattain. Atoneendof thescalewehavethegreatPowers, withtheirintl'icate andcomplex relationship, whicharetoalargeextentprisoners oftheirnutualfearsandsuspicions. Atthe other,wehavethemajorityofnations andpeoples, afflictedbyvarying degrees of instability, ecC<\omic weaknesses andsocialbackwardness. Whilethedynamics of timehasgenerated inthesepeoples aspirations forabetterlife,economic constraints, theinequities oftheinternational economic orderortheirown infrastructural problems bindthemtoaneconomic systemthatisnotconducive to theattainment oftheiraroused aspirations. * TheCharter hasassigned primary responsibility totheSecurity Council for themaintenance ofinternational peaceandsecurity. Article 99oftheCharter has entrusted totheSecretary-General theresponsibility ofbringing totheattention ofthesecurity Council anymatterwhichinhisopinion maythreaten international peaceandsecurity.Itisatributetothestatesmanlike qualities ofthe secretaries-General oftheUni~dNations thattheyhaveonanumberofoccasions inVoked Article 99incarrying outtheirheavyresponsibilities. Unfortunately, however, inpractice theCouncil swingsintoactiononlywhenthecrisisis imminent orhasalready occurred. Inthelast40years,theactions oftheCouncil havelargely beeninthenatureofreaction rather thanprevention. Veryoftenthe *Mr.Berrocal Soto(CostaRica),Vice-President, tooktheChair.JVM/ll A/40/PV.23 39-40 (Mr.Subba,Nepal) permanent: membets oftheCouncildifferintheirperception ofthreats. Evenwhen thereisanapparent cons~nsus ontheissuebeforeit,extraneous mattersalltoo oftenblockconsensus. Resolutions oftheCouncil areside-stepped withimpunity andoftendebates concentrate onthemechanical tradingofaccusations and
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a speech or statement discussing the role and achievements of the United Nations, focusing on its work in maintaining international peace and security, promoting human rights, and addressing global challenges. While it touches on various topics, it does not delve deeply into specific sectors like agriculture, forestry, and fishing, or industry. Instead, it emphasizes the organization's efforts in promoting socio-economic development, decolonization, and human well-being.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, International relations, Education