f6' fhe individual fires -. caused by thezn,al ignition or indirectly through blast -'ight under certain circunstances nerge into e iass fire ove? a large area. These could then be of two kinds: a firestJm with high.winars rushing in ards creating extrenely high tenperatures or a ttconflagrat iont', i.e. a moving"fireirorrt a"i.,,r"o u.,A/ 35 /3)2 f ;nara sl l Annex raile -LOLf ambient winds. Tn addition to Hiroshima, well-knovn examples of firestorrns are those of DTesden, Ilamburg and Tokyo caused by conventional bombing in the Second !trorld i{ar. People c aught in these often did not survive even in shelters' due to heat and asphyxiation. 1?. Even if a flrestorm does not develop ' many people in urban areas - and possibly forests - who rnight otherwise have survived could t'e trapFed by blast iebris,-leg injuries, unconsciousness 1'rom heatl injuries and hence die due to their inability to escape fl.om even a slow1y d.eveloping fire' Tt has been estimated that about 50 per cent of the casualties in l.liroshina lesulted f1lom direcl or indireci .:urn injuries. close to two thirds of those vho sutvived for a feu days ancl then died are reported to have been badly burned' lYre high irni;onnp ^r hlrn inirrries and casualties in Hiroshima was caused. by a m:mber of coinciding factors, such as a warn clear day, the tirne of explosion taking place in the norning vith many people being outdoors, etc', favourin€ burn injuries' Even so, these tlrpes of injuries should, unless the circunstances are exceptional' be regarded as a very 1ike1y najor cause of casualties whenevet there is s nuclear explosion oveT or in the vicinity of an urban area. This is I)articula]'ly true foi farger yie1cl weapons, where the area covered by thernal radiation intense enough to car:se third-degree burns or ignite easily inflannable material is considerably larger than that covered by hazardous blast oI' initial nuclear radiation. D. TLre electronagnetic pulse and its effects 18. A nuclear explosion - Just as lightning - generates a sharp aJId short
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the effects of nuclear explosions on human populations, specifically the injuries and casualties caused by thermal radiation, blast, and firestorms. The text mentions specific examples of such events, including Hiroshima, and provides statistics on the causes of casualties. The language used is technical and scientific, suggesting a focus on the physical and biological effects of nuclear explosions.

**Category**
Health, Science and technology