demands of the revolutionary movement launched in 1910. Hence agrarian reform in Mexico was not an act of short-term policy but a long-lasting social process. Beyond any doubt it has been a fundamental cause of the economic and social changes that have taken place in Mexico during this century. 195. The redistribution of property in the land, begun during the Revolution, has not stopped, but the majority of changes in land ownership took place between 1927 and 1939. 196. In 1910, the last year of the Porfirio Diaz dictatorship, 1% of the population owned 97% of all the land in Mexico. The large landed estates (the great haciendas) represented a whole system of unjust social, economic and political relationships. When the Revolution triiamphed, the 1917 Constitution, through its Article 27, laid the legal and political foundations for carrying out the agrarian reform. 197. The reform followed three main patterns: the restitution or donation of the communal lands to the country villages or communities, donation of land to create commiines ("ejidos") and the development of small private land-ownership. 198. The total land area recorded in the census is divided into two halves, as is the irrigated area, between the two main forms of land holding. The 25,000 "ejidos" occupy 92 million hectares, or 47% of the land area, as against the 42% occupied by small private farms, although it must be pointed out that 65% of the manpower employed in the countryside is concentrated in the ejido sector, while 73% of the total capital invested in the agricultural sector, leaving out of account the value of the land, is concentrated in the private farms. 199. In Mexico these two princioal forms of landholding operate side by side. In every part of the country ejido plots and privately owned small 
**Analysis**
The text primarily discusses the agrarian reform in Mexico, which had a significant impact on the country's economy and society. It highlights the redistribution of land ownership, the creation of ejidos, and the development of small private land-ownership. The text also compares the two main forms of landholding in Mexico, ejidos and private farms. Given the focus on land ownership, agriculture, and rural development, it is likely that the text falls under the category of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing.

**Category**
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing