intended tothwarttheimpactofthosesuccessful courtactions brought byrurhl communities whichhaveprevented authorities fromincorporating certain arensunder "homeland" rule.Forinstance, theincorpr,rations ofMoutse andBotshabelo into the"homelands" ofKwaNdebele andQweQwa,respectively, wereoathoverturneu by thecourts. _lQ/ -11:-44.Offioials oftheBlackSash'sTransvaal RuralActionCommittee reportthat someoftheincorporations, namely, thoseintothe"independent homelands" of CiskeiandBophuthatswana, havebeenattended byviolence. InJuly1989, Bophuthatswana policebeatandstonedresidents intheTransvabt village of Leeuwfontein, whichwasincorporated intoBophuthatswana in1988.Theactlvitias oftheTransvaal RuralAction Committee andtheBlackSashinthe"Homeland" were subsequently bannedinAugust 1989. 45.Current measures concerning Blacksinurbanareasindicate thattheregimeIs unwilling toabolish apartheig pillars suchastheGroupAreasActandthe Reservation ofSeparate Amenities Actof1953,eventhoughblacks' constant de~lance oftheselawshasmadethemlargely ineffectual. Authorities withdrew the GroupAreasAmendment Billfollowing widespread criticism ofitsrepressive provisions. They enac~ed theLocalGovernment inFreeSettlement AreasAct,the Free Settlem~nt AreasActan~thePrevention ofIllegal Squatting Amendment Act. Ratherthanbeingasolution tothemounting urbanhousingcrisis, theselaws prevent homeless blacks frombuildin'iJ informal dwellin'iJs nearthecitiesorfrom finding accommodation whereandwhentheycan.By'iJivingauthorities thepowerto shiftgroupsaroundwithout interference fromthecourts, theselawsenforce r~sldential segregation morestrictly. 1.~resscensorship 46.Usingasetofstringent lawsandregul&tiofls directed atthedomestic and foreign media,theregimeattempted tocontrol theflowofinformation insidethe country andtocensorpressreports sentabroad. Itsultim~te objective wasto disseminate onlyitsownviewonthesituation inthecountry. Whileauthorities continued theirovertattacks against themedia,inparticular theanti-apartbe1g (alternative) andforeign media,theyelsoundertook aseriesoflegalactions Bga.Lnst anumberofSouthAfrican journalists foralleged violations ofsecurity laws.InJune1989,theeditorofthenewAfrikaans newspaper Vrye~kb~, MaxduPreez,wascharged andsentenced tosixmonthsinprison, andsuspended for fiveyears,forquoting a"listed" person. Otherchar.ges 8gainst himarepending. ~~~ editor AggreyKlaaste, IheWeek~yMaileditor Ant-onHarber and reporters Joanne Bekke~andFranzKrugerwereamongthejournalists clAarged in August 1989forcontravening emergency regulations. 47.ByorderoftheMinister ofHomeAffairs, Stoffe~. Both~,thepublication of 'J:lle.J1~.e.Uy, ...MAilwassuspended foronemonthinNovember 1988whileGraslUOQ.tji and NewlSJ:".aweresuspended forseveral monthsin.FebI'uary 1989.TheMinister issued wlunings toseveral publications, including [A§LA1tA.ni.A, IhL-.S.Q.~iLt&n, Al...Q~.l.wtJ and Wox.k.i.n ..E:r2.g.xJUiB.. lilHarassment andintlmidation tactics warealsoevident inthe seizure ofpublications andinthecontinuing detention without chargeof journali.stR. C.RvJihtance to~JU:.t~ 1.Organizing broader frontsofrasiR~~ 48.Neither therepressive m9ansavailable undertheemergency northeviolence of thevigilante groups anddeathsquadshavemanaged touproottheantl-ap6rtbe~Q opposition. Economic conditions forfanning continued resistance persist. as -13-Pretoria halnotsucceeded insolving suchstructural economic problems asslow growthandchronic unemployment. Datapublished in1989showedthatpoverty in SouthAfricaiscausedandreinforced bydeliberate racialpolicies. Widesprea~ hung~r, overcrowding anddisease, inpartiCUlar intheruralareasandthe10 "homelands", arecommonl inacountry thatexports food,2million children are suffering frommalnutrition. 11/ 49.Thestruggle against theregimeentered anewstagecharacterized bytheslow butsteadyrebuilding andstrengthening ofcommunity organizations. Thestrategic objective ofthesoorganizations istoconsolidate theanti-apartheid movement's capacities atthebase,instronger streetcommittees andincivic,youthandother suchgroups. Community organizations areengaging insophisticated tactics of negotiation onissuesatthelocallevel,thereby generating valuable political
**Analysis**
The text appears to be focused on the political and social issues in South Africa during the apartheid era, highlighting the regime's attempts to suppress opposition and control the flow of information. The text mentions various laws and regulations aimed at maintaining racial segregation, as well as the regime's failure to address economic issues such as poverty, unemployment, and malnutrition. The text also touches on the role of community organizations and the anti-apartheid movement in resisting the regime.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, Education