detection of illicit cultivation by remote sensing or aerial surveys aimed at ascertaining the extent of illicit cultivation so that appropriate countermeasures could be adopted. 19. Most speakers referred to the collective responsibility of both drug- producing and drug-consuming countries in dealing with the problem of drug abuse and illicit traffic. The responsibility for drug-consuming countries, particularly the developed countries, to adopt and apply measures to contain and reduce the illicit demand for drugs was stressed by several speakers. It was argued that developed countries also had a responsibility to control the illicit trade of precursors and the delivery of weapons to drug traffickers. One speaker proposed convening a conference of Governments and businesses that produce and distribute chemical products in order to co-ordinate the control of precursors. In the opinion of several other speakers, actions to reduce illicit demand must be accompanied by parallel efforts on the part of drug- producing countries to reduce illicit cultivation and trafficking. - 9 - 20. Several speakers stated that drug-producing countries, which were often burdened with debt-servicing problems, should be provided with resources and support to enable them to eliminate illicit drug production, trafficking and abuse. Noting that narcotic plants were being illicitly cultivated in poverty-stricken areas of some developing countries, they emphasized that the economic situation of such areas and countries should be improved and that adequate resources should be provided in order to increase the standard of living of farmers in those areas and countries. The view was expressed that in order for crop substitution programmes to be successful, commodity markets should be created so that farmers would be provided with economic incentives that would induce them to refrain from cultivating illicit narcotic plants. 21. Several speakers emphasized that assistance in crop substitution programmes should be provided free of political constraints and with due 
**Analysis**
The text discusses the issue of illicit drug cultivation and trafficking, and proposes measures to address it, such as crop substitution programs, control of precursors, and international cooperation. It also touches on the economic and social aspects of the problem, including the need to improve the standard of living of farmers in poverty-stricken areas and provide resources to drug-producing countries.

**Category**
Agriculture, forestry and fishing, International trade