is to be held in 1992, provides the ideal owortunity for progress in this regard. Japan is making various contributions to the solution of environmental problems. For instance, in the area of assistance to developing countries, Japan has set a target of about 300 billion yen in bilateral and multilateral co-operation during the three fiscal years 1989 to 1991; its plan is now being imlemented successfully. For the fiscal year 1990, Japan is considering increasing its contributions to the united Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO). In addition, believing that it is important to set up an international framework to solve global environmental ~ problems, Japan is actively participating in various international forums, such as ' the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Further, with regard to the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Japan intends to make a positive contribution right from the beginning with a view to ensuring the success of the conference. If mankind is to enjoy sustainable development of this finite planet, it is essential that efforts be made in the area of population control. It is in the poorest parts of the world that the birth rate is highest. This phenomenon is at the root of underdevelopment, with poverty, population growth and environmental degradation forming a vicious circle. Resolving it will require strong political commitment on the part of all countries, developing and developed alike, and the BHS/JK A/S-18/PV.2 48 (Mr. Ishii, Japan) establishment of an international consensus at the highest level. Although substantial efforts are already being made by the United Nations, led by the United Nations Fund for Population Activities and the Population Commission, it is important that, on the occasion of this special session, the international 
**Analysis**
The text appears to focus on Japan's contributions to solving environmental problems and promoting sustainable development, with a specific emphasis on population control and the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development. The text mentions various international organizations and forums, highlighting Japan's involvement in global efforts to address environmental issues.

**Category**
Natural resources and environment, International trade