remedial and preventive measures at the planning stage. "4. Improvements in the efficiency of law enforcement and criminal justice are important preventive strategies based on more efficient and fair processes that act as a deterrent to crime and strengthen guarantees of human rights. Planning processes designed to integrate and co-ordinate relevant criminal justice agencies that often operate independently of each other, as stressed in the Guiding Principles for Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice in the Context of Development and a New International Economic Order, 9¿/ will also serve as a deterrent to crime. "5. Better training to upgrade skills and professional qualifications of law enforcement and judicial personnel should be undertaken to improve effectiveness, consistency and fairness in national criminal justice systems. Regional and joint training programmes should be developed in order to exchange information on successful techniques and new technology. "6. The efforts of drug-producing countries aimed at the eradication of the illicit production and processing of drugs should be recognized and supported. In particular, developed countries should grant adequate technical and financial assistance for the implementation of crop substitution programmes. The latter should also increase their efforts to achieve a radical reduction in illicit drug demand and consumption within their national borders. "Criminal legislation "7. Legislation should be encouraged that defines new offences with respect to money laundering and organized fraud and the offence of opening and operating accounts under a false name. Computer crime is another area that requires consideration. In addition, there is a need for reform in civil, fiscal and regulatory legislation that relates to the control of organized crime. Information on significant innovations that have occurred in recent years should be widely shared through the United Nations, with a view to facilitating the development of a solid basis for the harmonization of criminal law dealing with organized crime.
**Analysis**
The text discusses measures to combat organized crime, including improvements in law enforcement, criminal justice, and legislation. It also touches on international cooperation and technical assistance. These themes suggest that the category is likely related to governance, justice, or security.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, Education