thaturgent andconcerted efforts should bemadetoidentify moreeffective waysto helpthosechildren andtoprevent morefromfalling intosuchcircumstances. Several delegations emphasized theneedtoaddress theproblems facing poor children andwomeninurbanareas. Theystressed thatthesocialcostsof negligence inthisareawerealready veryvisible inallpartsoftheworld, as evidenced bytheincreasing violence andanti-social behaviour incities. Delegations referred tothegrowing incidence ofchildlabour, children inprison, abuseandexploitation ofabandoned andstreetchildren -manyofwhomwere addicted todrugsandwereinfected withthehumanimmunodeficiency virus (HIV)­ andtotheenvironmental degradation thataccounted formanychilddeaths eachyear. 48.Children insituations ofarmedconflict weresingled outbysomedelegations asinneedofspecial attention, andonedelegation appealed toUNICEF toincrease resources allocated forthebenefit ofsuchchildren (seechap.IV, decision 1990/6). Emergency operations 49.Delegations commended theExecutive Director forhisleadership inphase Iof Operation Lifeline SudanandsaidthatUNICEF should continue toplayanimportant partinphase11,although theExecutive Director hadrelinquished hisroleasthe Secretary-General's personal representative fortheoperation. Thedecisive action takenbyUNICEFinLebanon andMozambique wasalsowelcomed. 50.Onedelegation urgedUNICEF topaygreater attention tostrengthening its management andoperational capacity forcopingwithemergency situations, while another delegation welcomed developments inemergency preparedness andprevention. Theneedtotackle therootcauses oftheseproblems, bothinglobal andlocal terms, wasunderlined. Delegations alsostressed theimportance ofinter-agency co-operation inemergency operations toensurethattheresources invested were usedefficiently andeffectively. (Seechap.IV,decision 1990/22 andannexI, paras. 110-113.) Adjustment anddebtrelief 51.Manydelegations referred tothedifficult economic circumstances andthe crippling debtburden thatweremakingitvirtually impossible formanycountries tomaintain thelevelofresources needed forsocial programmes, particularly those benefiting children. Inthiscontext, UNICEF hadplayed animportant roleby drawing attention tothesocialcostsofstructural adjustment andhadcontributed totheformulation ofpolicies geared totheneedforadjustment withahumanface. -13-52.Delegations urgedUNICEF tomaintain itsactivities aimedatpromoting development withahumanface,andUNICEF wascommended foritsinnovative and constructive initiatives ondebtrelief forchildsurvival, particularly the debt-swap trustfundthathasbeenestablished inpartnership withthe Inter-American Development Bank. This,however, raisedseveral issues suchasthat debtswapsalonecouldnotsolveeconomic crises andthatthismustnotleaddebtor nations toneglect togiveduepriority tosectors andprogrammes affecting children. Oneobservation, notedbyonedelegation andshared byUNICEF, wasthat anycontribution tofundsfordebtrelief should beadditional toordinary contributions. 53.UNICEF wasurgedtobecautious inundertaking theseinitiatives sinceit should notseektodevelop activities thatfellmoreappropriately within the mandate ofotherinternational agencies. Itwasalsosuggested thatUNICEF should continue thedialogue withthepartners concerned, particularly withaviewto reducing thedebtandtransforming itintoresources forthebenefit ofthemost vulnerable sectors ofthepopulation, foremost amongthemthechildren. 54.Inthisconnection, theSpecial Adjustment Facility forLatinAmerica andthe Caribbean (SAFLAC) drewsupport frommanydelegations. Thosedelegations whose countries hadbenefited fromSAFLAC underlined thefacility's importance to countries oftheregionwithlowgeneral resources ceilings andundersevere economic strain linked toadjustment. Onedelegation stressed theneedtorevise thecurrent development indicators inordertoreflect thesocio-economic realities inthecountries concerned. Evaluation
**Analysis**
The text primarily discusses the challenges faced by children and women in urban areas, child labor, exploitation, and humanitarian aid and relief efforts. It also touches on economic development, debt relief, and social programs. The text highlights the need for international cooperation, particularly in emergency operations and addressing the root causes of problems.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, Economic development