respecti ve lega'l and pol it,ical positions of the two communitieG were careful ly regulated. Absol utel y fundamental to the div'isionof power between the two communi ties was the idea that Cyprus couldnot be ruled by one community to the exclusion of the other. Both communities had to participate as partners in al l decislon maklng and in the administration of the island, Equally fundamental wasthe idea t,hat the greater numbers of the Greek Cypriot community could not be used to impos€ unacceptable poltcies or cteclslons uponthe Turkish Cypriot community. Adequate checks and balances wereprovided in the consti tution for the pres€rvation of the nationalidentity and partnersh ip status of each communlty. International and constitutional nature of the 1960 settlenEnt. 7. These fundamentals were incoroorated in what has come to be called "the 1960 settlement", It is characterrzed by the fact that 'i t is both an international and a constitutionai settlement. Thus the subsequent conduct of the Greek Cypriot conmunity has to bejudged not only in terms of constitutional law but also ofinternational I aw./...A/44/966 5/21398 English Page5 Theapplication ismisconceived. 4.Theappllcant, insubmltt1ng anappl1cat10n inrespect of "Cyprus" (nct,ltshould benoted, "theRepublic ofCyprus") suggests aunityoftheisland WhlCh 1Snotsupportable e1ther 1n laworinfact.Itwillbeuseful torecall theessentlal elements 1nthesituation. Theyare,regrettably, toooftenoverlooked. Earlyrecognition ofthetwo-community nature ofCyprus. 5.Therearetwodifferent peoples inCyprus. Thishistorlcal factwasunderlined bytheBritish Government during theperlod whenCyprus wasapproaching independence. TheBritish Colonial Secretary, Mr.Lennox Boydsaidon19December 1956:.....itwlllbe thepurpose ofHerMajesty's Government toensurethatanyexerC1se ofself-determination should beeffected insuchamannerthatthe Turkish Cypriot community, nolessthantheGreekCypriot community, shall, inthespecial circumstances ofCyprus, begiven freedom todecideforthemselves theirfuturestatus. Inother words, HerMajesty's Government recognize thattheexercise of self-determination insuchaffilxedpopulation mustinclude partition amongtheeventual options". Thisstatement was confirmed bythePrimeMinister, Mr.Macmillan, on26June1958, whodescribed theseassurances as"pledges". Bi-communal essentials ofthe1960settlement. 6.Despite thereference to"partition" asanoption, inanswer toGreekCyprict claims forunionofCyprus withGreece, thiswas notthesolution eventually adopted. Instead, acompromise was reached alongthelinesofabi-communal State, inwhichthe respective legalandpolitical positions ofthetwocommunities werecarefully regulated. Absolutely fundamental tothedivisicn ofpowerbetween thetwocommunities wastheideathatCyprus could
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a legal or political document discussing the constitutional and international framework of Cyprus, highlighting the bi-communal nature of the island and the division of power between the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities. The language used is formal and technical, suggesting a legal or political context. The text does not seem to be related to economic development, natural resources, or other fields typically associated with humanitarian aid and relief, culture, or science and technology.

**Category**
Politics, International relations