also in distant areas. Naval units often operate off the coasts of other countries and even penetrate their territorial waters. This increases tension and further accelerates the arms race. The naval arms race does not involve only conventional weapons; far from it. JSM/gmr A/C.l/40/PV.4 11 (Mrs. Theorin, Sweden) The nuclear-weapon Powers possess more than 7,000 submarine-launched ballistic missile warheads. They also have an estimated 5,900 tactical nuclear weapons for use by naval forces against surface ships, submarines, aircraft, and land targets. Thus, about 13,000 nuclear weapons are earmarked for naval use, that is every fourth nuclear weapon in the world. The principle of freedom of navigation permits the nuclear Powers to move these nuclear weapons across the seas and oceans, and to deploy them almost off any coastal point to their liking. Indeed, they frequently do so as a matter of routine. The great number of tactical nuclear weapons on board warships has largely been overlooked. One reason is the policy pursued by nuclear-weapon Powers neither to confirm nor to deny the presence of any nuclear weapons on board any particular ship at any particular time. This creates legitimate concern in many countries, especially when warships of nuclear Powers in accordance with international law make use of their right to innocent passage through these countries' territorial waters or call at their harbours. The policy neither to confirm nor to deny does not build confidence between States. Quite the opposite. It is in fact a confidence-blocking practice that should be abandoned. The technological development of the means for naval warfare has been no less rapid than that concerning warfare on land. The nuclear revolution, the electronic revolution, the aviation revolution, the computer revolution, the automatic battlefield revolution, the weapon-effect revolution, all apply to naval forces. It is a source of concern to my Government that growing naval activities have 
**Analysis**
The text appears to discuss the naval arms race, the presence of nuclear weapons on warships, and the potential implications for international relations and security. The topic is more focused on the military and international relations aspects rather than economic or social issues. Therefore, I hypothesize that the most fitting category would be related to international relations and security.

**Category**
Science and technology, International relations