the ban on new loans and credits to South Africa had been the most effective form of pressure. It was clear that if the pressure were increased, the cost of maintaining apartheid would become prohibitive and the South African Government would have no alternative but to dismantle apartheid. What was needed was the political will of all nations. 18. Mrs. KSENTINI thanked Mr. Khalifa for his excellent report, updated list and introductory speech. She was glad to note that since Namibia had acceded to independence the report no longer covered that country, and that, with the mobilization of international opinion, the list was becoming smaller; perhaps one day if South Africa were to abolish apartheid, there would be no further use for it. Unfortunately that was not yet the case, despite recent encouraging developments. Vigilance was still necessary and mandatory sanctions still needed. They must not be relaxed but rather intensified, as other members of the Sub-Commission had already pointed out in endorsing the appeal launched by Mr. Nelson Mandela in his recent round of foreign visits. 19. Mr. Khalifa had listed a series of practices resulting in disinvestment being diverted from its original objective, and had shown how South Africa had been able to reschedule its debt repayments, thus enabling it to put off the promised reforms. 20. The struggle of the people of South Africa and international solidarity had led South Africa to embark upon a dialogue. International pressure should therefore not stop until the apartheid system had been completely dismantled and until a truly democratic State with majority rule had been established. 21. Even though sanctions were sometimes circumvented with the help of accommodating Governments, including Israel, which was developing new forms of military co-operation with South Africa, the economy of South Africa had been E/CN.4/Sub.2/1990/SR.l2 page 6 
**Analysis**
The text primarily discusses the economic and political implications of apartheid in South Africa, specifically the impact of international sanctions on the country's economy and the need for continued pressure to dismantle the apartheid system. It also touches on the theme of international solidarity and the role of the United Nations in promoting human rights.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, International trade