incomeforpopulations - asituation thatcannotcontinue forlong.* *ThePresident returned totheChair.00/17 A/40/PV.lO 79 (Mr.Dumas,France) Debt-servicing, principal andinterest, stillabsorboftenconsiderable amounts, if notall,ofannualexportearnings. Thefragile natureofthisimprovement istherefore blatantly obvious. An entirecontinent ofwhichIhavealready spoken,Africa, remains onthesidelines ofthisprogress andcontinues tobecomeincreasingly impoverished. Thesame dangerwillbesettheothercontinents; andunlesswemanagesteadily tochannel capital fromthedeveloped tothedeveloping countries, whosefinancing needs remainstructural, thesituation willbeaggravated. Here,wecannotbesatisfied withthetrendofthesepastfewyearswhichhave seenaslow-down indirectinvestment, areduction inbankcredits andrepayments tomultilateral financi~l institutions ofamounts greater thanwithdrawals. All thishasledtoaninversion ofNorth-South capital flows. Thedeveloping countries arenowpayingmoretothoseintheNorththan they receive fromthem. Itisessential toL~prove theexisting mechanisms fordebtmanagement by providing developing countries withadjusted financing. Thisistheobjective of France's repeated appeals toincrease WorldBankcapital, issueadditional special drawing rights, andmoregenerally increase official development assistance. Itisalsotobefearedthatinthemonthstocometheslow-down inthe American economy -inadequately compensated forbythegrowthinEuropeandJapan- mayhaveserious consequences forthedeveloping countries; orthatrising protectionist pressures intheNorthwillstifledeveloping countries bylimiting theirexportpossibilities andtherefore theirability torepaydebts. Certainly, asIsaidamomentago,increased dialogue among t~emain industrialized countries isleading toanimproved international climate. That dialogue shouldbestepped upinallexisting forumsandonalloccasions. The timehascomeforacomprehensive andserious consideration ofthissubject. IBG/17 A/40/PV.10 80 (Hr.Du_s,France) ILetustakeanother example -lIOI1etary affairs. France, onseveral occasions - inparticular whenthePresident oftheRepublic addressed thisAssembly twoyears ago-hascalledforaninternational monetary conference thatwouldseektodefine newguidelines, thereby makingmonetary fluctuations morestable. Industrialized countries andgroupsofdeveloping countries, inparticular thenon-aligned countries, advocate acouparable move.Itisonlythrough suchdiscussions thatwe canmaketheprogress theworldneedssourgently.RH/18 A/40/PV.10 81 (Mr.Dumas,France) Franceforitspartisreadyfordialogue andaction. Inthem<Y·tary, financial andcommercial fields,itsdetermination remains firm. AtonetimetheNorth~:;outh dialogue inspired nuchhope,inparticular within ourOrganization. However, globalnegotiations neverbookplace,andmeetings between experts ininternational forumshaveyielded veryfewconcrete results. Today,approaches basedonsectoral strategies, integrating emergency aidand givingpriority toruraldevelopment andtraining, arebeinglaunched and developed. Mycountry approves theseapproaches, whichmeettoday's needs. Butit remains essential thatweformulate without delayreforms thatwillbringabout deepandlasting changes inrelations between Statesforthebenefitofpeoples, ~~eirindividual liberties andtheirrights. InreViewing theprincipal tasksincumbent upontheUnitedNations Ihavebeen forcedtorecognize thatthepresentstateoftheworldisfarfromsatisfactory. Morethanever,weneedtheUnitedNations, theforumparexcellence formeetings anddiscussion. Duringthefortieth anniversary weshallhaveaspecial opportunity tounderscore theneedtomakenegotiation prevail inconflicts and solidarity triumph overselfishness. Thisunfortunately gloomypicture does,however, haveitsbrightspotsand moreencouraging prospects. Iwishtoconclude onapositive notebymentioning an undertaking onwhichm¥country setsgreatstore. Irefertotheconstruction of Europe. FortyyearsagoEuropewasadevastated battlefield. Whathasitbecome today?Itisacommunity without precedent inhistory, aforceforpeaceand equilibrium intheworld,acoltltlunity thathaslearneditslessonfromitspastand thatpractices, amongitsmembers andvis-a-vis therestoftheworld,thepeacefUl settlement ofdisputes andsolidarity withtheverypoor. ------ ----------RM/l8 A/40/PV.lO 82 (Hr.DuES,France)
**Analysis**
The text discusses various aspects of international relations, economic development, and global issues. The speaker, Mr. Dumas, highlights the importance of improving the debt situation of developing countries, increasing international cooperation, and addressing global challenges such as poverty and protectionism. The text also touches on the topic of international monetary conferences and the need for a comprehensive approach to address global issues.

**Category**
Economic development, International trade