beenexcessively compromised, andwemustundertake aperiodic evaluation, which willformtheframework forourdiscussions aswecommemorate the£ortieth anniversary ofourOrganization. Thisanniversary coincides withthetwenty-fifth anniversary oftheadoption oftheDeclaration ontheGranting ofIndependence toColonial COuntries and Peoples, tothedrafting ofwhichallcontributed, inparticular theAfro-Asian, LatinAmerican andsocialist countries. Since1960,morethan70ofushave achieved sovereignty orrecovered it.Thus,ourfullparticipation in international affairs hasbeendirectly orindirectly fostered bytheadoption of thatDeclaration, whichrepresents theculmination ofthestruggle wagedbythe democratic forcesandtheexpression ofthesolidarity amongpeoples. Somewouldsaythatdecolonization, whichisaninevitable, irreversible historical process, wouldhavecomeaboutevenhadtheUnitedNations notexisted. Itissufficient tolistthecasesofdecolonization between thetwoworldwarsand recalltheinsistence withwhichweinvoked theCharter duringtheanti-colonial struggle tobeconvinced oftheopposite. Certainly, itisinthefieldof decolonization thattheUnitedNations hassucceeded inplayingitsroleasa centrefortheco-ordination ofefforts, totheextentthatpre-conditions, hesitations andambiguities havegivenwaytoreason. ThesamecouldhavebeensaidofNamibia, wheresomanyhopeshavealwaysbeen pinnedontheimplementation ofSecurity Council resolution 435(1978)andthe jointactionoftheUnitedNations Council forNamibia, theUnitedNations Commissioner forNamibia andtheSpecial Committee of24,toallofwhichwepaya tribute. Wehaveidentified theobstacles andtheyareallthefaultofthe Pretoria regime: thecontinued illegal occupation ofaninternational Territory; theabsurdlinkage between thewithdrawal ofCubantroopsfromAngolaandthe obligation ofausurper regimetogivebackwhatdoesnotbelongtoit,theEMS/14 A/40/PV.12 59-60 (Mr.Rabetafika, Madagascar) continued actsofaggre~sion against thefront-line States, theinstallation ofa so-called interim administrationJ andth~authorization giventonational and transnational corporations toengageinex~essive exploitation oftheresources of theTerritory. Allthemea~sprescribed inChapter VIoftheCharter havebeenexhausted, and implementation ofArticle 41.hasevenbegun.Itistimeforusseriously to consider binding sanctions andrecourse toArticle 42ifwewishtoestablish the authority oftheOrganization andprovetointernational publicopinion andthe SouthwestAfricaPeople's Organization (SWAPO), whichisrecognized asthesole authentic andlegitimate representative oftheNamibian people, thatwewant,and areable,tofulfilourresponsibilities. Recently therehasbeentalkoftheadverseeffectsofsanctions andreference hasbeenmadetohistory andtoeconomic andhumanitarian considerations. Until totalindependence iswon,theNamibian people, likeanyotherstruggling people, isreadytomakesacrifices.BSS/glllr A/40/PV.12 61 (Mr.Rabetafika, Madagascar) Itwouldbescandalous if,through ouromissions andprocrastination andthe abseoceoftruesolidarity onthepartofsomeofus,thosesacrifices wereinvain andthePretoria regimemanaged toimposeitsownsolution. Another actofdecolonization tobeachieved relates towestern Sahara. The organization ofAfrican Unity(OAU)andtheMovement ofNon-Aligned Countries have recognized thattheunitedNations canmakeamajorcontribution toestablishing a process andamechanism whichwillmakepossible theeffective exercise bythe Sahraoui peopleoftheirlegitimate sovereign rights. Directnegotiations between thetwoparties, theKingdom ofMorocco andthePOLISARIO Front,wouldeliminate thethreats topeace,stability andsecurity intheregion. TheUnitedNations canbeproudofitsworkinthefieldofdecolonization and canconunititselftocontinuing thatworkuntilthecolonial phenomenon hasbeen totally eradicated, butcanthesamebesaidaboutdevelop1'.leL'lt ar.'3theelimination ofeconomic andsocialinequality? Thenetwork ofinstitutions andorganizations dealing withinternational economic, social andcultural co-operation iswidespread andinterlinked. Weagreed,afterarduous negotiations, tofocusouractionon integrated national development, therestructuring ofeconomic relations among nations andthedevelopment ofworldeconomic security. Noneofthoseprovisions violates thepurposes orprinciples oftheCharter, inparticular thosesetforth inChapter IX.Yetthereaultsaremixed,nottosaydisappointing, mainlybecause ofthechanges thatsuccessive crises'have imposed onpriorities. Thus,theideaofworldeconomic security,whichlogically shouldhavebeen ourprimeconcern, hasnotalwaysbeensupported bysomeamongus.Ithas
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a speech or declaration by the United Nations, focusing on the organization's role in decolonization and its commitment to promoting the rights of colonized peoples. The text touches on issues of sovereignty, international relations, and the implementation of UN resolutions, but does not explicitly discuss economic development, natural resources, or environmental issues. The main theme is the struggle for independence and self-determination, which is a political and humanitarian issue.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, International relations