countries' outstanding useofFundcreditunderthecompenlatory financing totalled SOR395million. Thebuffer-stock facility provide. financial re.ource. tomember countries tomeettheircontributions toapproved international buffer-stock agreements. From1983tomid-1988, noland-locked developing country usedthis facility. Thestructural adjustment facility wasestabliahed inMarch1986to provide additional assistance onconcessional termstothelow-income countries thatarecurrently eligible forresources fromtheInternational Development Association andthatfaceprotracted balance-of-payment. problema andareinneed ofsuchassistance. Ofthe21land-locked developing countrie., 16areeligible forassistance underthisfacility. DUI'ingtheperiodAugust1986toJune1988 structural adjustment arrangements wereagreeduponwith26countries, 8ofwhich areland-locked developing countries; theamountagreedforthelatterwas SOR241million, ofwhichaboutSOft96million weredisbursed duringthatperiod. 81. Th~enhanced structural adjustment facility wasestab1i.hed inDecember 1987. Reta~ning mostCharacteristics ofthestructural adjustment facility, thisnew facility proviees amoreflexible instrument withregardtotheamountof financing. Itsuseinvolves asubstantial effortbythemembercountry to strengthen itsexternal payments position inasustainable mannerandtocreatethe conditions toachieve sustained economic growth. InearlyJuly1988,enhanced structural adjustment arrangements wereapproved fortwoland-locked developing countries foratotalamountofaboutSOR192million. Several land-locked developing countries havealsobenefited fromtheFund'stechnical assistance. Universal PostalUnion 82.InAfrica, 14land-locked countries benefited fromthefollowing regional projects in1987/881 improvement andrationalization ofmanagement of administrations orenterprises; creation ofaworkshop tomanufacture postal equipment, andthehighermultinational postalschoolofBrazzaville. Inthe ~frican region, theland-locked countries benefited fromsimilar regional projects covering thefollowing areasl strengthening ofthepostalservice. ofthe disadvantaged countries andinparticular theleastdeveloped countrie., training andconsultative services; andmodernization ofmanagement andoperation. InLatin America, theregional project ontheimprovement, development andintegration of postalservices benefited Bolivia andParaguay. UPUalsohasregional technical assistance projects operational inseveral oftheland-locked countries. IJ1t~tlonol Telecommunication Union 83.ITVhasawiderangeoftechnical assistance activities frc~which indiv~dual land-locked countries benefit. Theseactivities coverthefollowing, general development ofthetelecommunication sector(telephone .ervice. andbroadcasting); telecommunication facilities withneighbouring countrie., particularly ~iththose havingmaritime transit capabilities1 andfacilities forintercontinental telecommunications. I •••A/44/588 English Page32 WorldMeteorological Organilation 84.Themeteorological andhyrological aspects oftheneedsandproblems of land-locked developing countries relatemainlytothemanagement ofinternational riversandriverbasins. Fromthepoint !viewofoperational hydrology, for instance, thereisaneedforinternatic ~lexchange ofreliable andtimely hydrometeorological datatofacilitate theforecasting fornavigati~n purposes. International co-operation isalsoneededasavaluable linkinimplementation and development offorecasting procedures andhydrological models. Someofthe international aspects oftheseactivities arebeingdealtwithwithintheWHO memberStatesthrough various WMOprojects inthefieldofmeteorology and hydrology. InternatiQnal Maritime Organization 85.Theorganization iscurrently executing afour-year project inMalawientitled "Assistance totheMarineTraining SchoolandMaritime AdministratiQn", witha totalbudgetof$1,388,650. InadditiQn, gQvernment officials fromseveral land-locked developing countries, sucha8Burkina Fa80,theCentral African Republic, Chad,MaliandNiger,havebenefited fromanumberofregional projects ~nderwhichmaritime training (bothlong-term andshQrt-term) isprQvided.
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the financial assistance and technical support provided by international organizations to land-locked developing countries. The topics covered include financial assistance for structural adjustment, buffer-stock agreements, and regional projects in areas such as postal services, telecommunications, and meteorology. The focus is on the economic and social development of these countries, with a emphasis on their specific challenges and needs.

**Category**
Economic development, Transport and communication