continuing initiatives to end the war of destabilization in Mozambique and Angola. The apartheid system had had a devastating impact on the lives and economies of the people of the entire region. A study by the Southern Africa Development Co-ordinating Conference (SADCC) had revealed that the damage inflicted upon the economies of Angola, Zimbabwe and Mozambique in particular amounted to many millions of dollars, and there had been enormous numbers of displaced, injured and permanently disabled persons in southern Africa. 35. As Mr. Khalifa's report (E/CN.4/Sub.2/l990/13 and Add.l) showed, economic sanctions had had an impact on South Africa. However, her organization was concerned that too much emphasis was being placed on sanctions against South Africa almost as an end in itself at the expense of truly constructive engagement with the front-line States that for the past 15 years had borne anti-apartheid campaign. Constructive engagement would involve a massive infusion of developmental assistance, rebuilding of roads, railways and harbours as well as management training for the countries of southern Africa. While heart~ned by the changes in Eastern Europe, her organization would not be happy to see obsessive attention being given to those countries at the expense of the millions of black people in southern Africa who had suffered under the apartheid regime. 36. Mr. Khalifa's report contained details of the proposed privatization of public enterprises and corporations. Some saw those moves as a pre-emptive effort by the white minority regime to ensure that economic control was retained in white hands in the event of a shift in political control to the black majority. But the denial of the right to self-determination in all its forms was a source of instability. If the eventual black majority Government of South Africa did not have effective control of its economy, the struggle against apartheid would only have been partially won. 
**Analysis**
The text discusses the devastating impact of the apartheid system on the economies and lives of people in southern Africa, particularly in Mozambique, Angola, and Zimbabwe. It also touches on the issue of privatization of public enterprises and the need for economic control by a future black majority government in South Africa. The text highlights the need for constructive engagement with front-line states, including developmental assistance, infrastructure rebuilding, and management training.

**Category**
Economic development, International trade