and further Improve the country's scientific and technological capability. Problems and shortcoming$ In the lmplementatlpn of S&T pol lev General Jy, problems and shortcomings In the Implementation of S&T po II cy are posed by tbe I ack of lnst I tut lone I fremeworks· or policy mechanisms In national level, the shortage of legal bases for providing Incentives to promote S&T, and the Insufficiency of qualified S&T manpower. In addition, during the period of post national development plans, key Issues In the use and development ·of S&T are the limited use of S&T to Increase production efficiency as wei I as the slow modification of Imported technology to the rural populat!on. However, after the establishment of MOSTE as the national S&T pol Icy and plan mechanism. Implementation and operation of S&T work will be lmprov~d. Improvement of S&T pol Icy fprmu!atlon As stated In the Fifth Plan, In order to Improve the formulation of science policies, a Science end Technology Board will be established ~lth the Prime Minister as chairman, with qualified members drawn from both the public and private sectors. The Board will conslstenly formulate policies and operational plans consistent with national development efforts In other directions; promote and coordinate work; monitor and evaluate S&T developments; and provide advlces to the Cabinet Committee on S&T policies. 227 CQordlnotlon of baste targets In S&T plan Generally, each S&T Institutions In major sectors of the economy e.g. agriculture, Industry, energy, environment, national defense etc. have their own policies, plans and targets. However. they coordinate and cooperatively work towards the same major plan-the National Economic and Social Development Plan. Besides the governments S&T Institutions, there are about 97 professional organizations, associations and societies whlchalso play lmporant role In Implementing S&T plan In different subsections like health, natural resources. transportation, housing, computer, 
**Analysis**
The text discusses the implementation of science and technology (S&T) policies and plans in a country, highlighting the importance of improving the country's scientific and technological capability. It also mentions the establishment of a Science and Technology Board to formulate policies and operational plans consistent with national development efforts. The text does not specifically focus on a particular sector or industry, but rather on the overall development of the country through S&T.

**Category**
Economic development, Science and technology