Rhodesian. 24. It is perhaps this belief-a belief that all that is involved is direct trade with southern Africa-that leads some Governments which have no trade with that area to think that they have no problems as far as sanctions are concerned. This is just not so. In my own efforts to understand how the trade is arranged I have found it useful to examine some of the cases which figure in the annual reports of the sanctions Committee; and one in particular, 3 No. 1 12, is relevant. This is particularly relevant because in it the Government of Malawi assured the Committee that the sugar involved in the deal, which had been described as Malawi sugar, was definitely not of Malawi origin. We can therefore be pretty certain that a breach of sanctions had taken place, albeit perhaps unwittingly as far as the importer was concerned, Now, in this case the sugar, which was shipped from Lourenqo Marques, was at some stage bought by a firm in Swjtzerland. The only contract which the end-buyer had-the buyer, incidentally, was a firm in a country in the Gulf-was with this Swiss fiml, not with any firm in southern Africa. The Swiss intermediary of course never saw the sugar; it was shipped direct to the buyer. And, incidentally, in view of what has been said about actions which “facilitate” illegal transactions, it is perhaps worth pointing out that. the payment for the sugar by the importer to the Swiss firm was by means of a letter of credit issued by a branch of the MOSCOW Narodny Bank: not, I hasten to add, that I am suggesting that the bank, in issuing the letter of credit, was itself a party to the breach of sanctions. 
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the complexities of international trade and sanctions, specifically in relation to the trade of goods from southern Africa. The author is highlighting the ways in which trade can be facilitated through intermediaries and letters of credit, which can lead to breaches of sanctions. The text does not appear to be related to any specific economic development, natural resources, or environmental issues, but rather focuses on the mechanics of international trade.

**Category**
International trade