United States of America and the Security Council was unable to act. Several wars between India and Pakistan took place in this period because of, inter alia, the Kashmir question. In 1972, the Simla Agreement signed by Indira Ghandi (India) and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (Pakistan), committed both countries to reach "a final settlement of Jammu and Kashmir as yet unfulfilled. Both countries find themselves in August 1990 poised for yet another war in Kashmir. 7. Meanwhile, the aspirations of the people of Kashmir have been strangled, and the Government of India has answered any movement towards autonomy or independence with, at best, indifference and increasingly with severe repression and violence. All three missions cited here as well as our own E/CN.4/Sub.2/1990/NGO/26 page 3 confidential fact-finders were eye-witnesses to numerous serious human rights violations and listened to countless testimony from Muslim and non^VIuslim Kashmiris indicating a severe pattern of gross violations of human rights throughout the region. 8. Rather than quash the Kashmiri demands for independence, however, the Indian repression has generated renewed resolve and militancy among Kashmiris. As stated in Situation in Kashmir; an Indian Report: "When pointed out by some of our members that by and large all the people's movements in Soviet Republics ... have been peaceful and non-violent and that could be considered as one major factor for their success, the people in the valley listened to this observation carefully. But they say that the Government was not allowing peaceful processions and demonstrations and therefore the militants were gaining respectability in the eyes of the common people. They criticized violence on the part of the State which they said must come to an end to bring about non-violence." 9. All three of the cited reports indicate that the mission members found that the overwhelming majority of Kashmiri people, including some of the 
**Analysis**
The text primarily discusses the political and human rights situation in Kashmir, specifically the conflicts and tensions between India and Pakistan, and the human rights violations perpetrated by the Indian government. It does not mention economic, environmental, or technological issues, and its focus is on the political and social aspects of the situation.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, Human rights