are in a position to exercise jurisdiction in appropriate circumstances. In cases of death and serious injury or other grave consequences, a detailed report shall be sent promptly to the competent authorities responsible for administrative review and judicial control. "23. Persons affected by the use of force and firearms or their legal representatives shall have access to an independent review process, including the judiciary. In the event of the death of such persons, this provision shall apply to their dependants accordingly. "24. Governments and law enforcement agencies shall ensure that superior officers are held responsible if they know, or could reasonably be expected to know, that law enforcement officials under their command are resorting, or have resorted, to the unlawful use of force and firearms, and they did not take all measures in their power to prevent, suppress or report such use. "25. Governments and law enforcement agencies shall ensure that no criminal or disciplinary sanction is imposed on law enforcement officials who, in compliance with the Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials and these basic principles, refuse to carry out an order to use force and firearms, or who report such use by other officials. "26. Obedience to superior orders shall be no defence if law enforcement officials knew that an order to use force and firearms resulting in the death or serious injury of a person was manifestly unlawful and had a reasonable opportunity to refuse to follow it. In any case, responsibility should also rest on the superiors who gave the unlawful orders." Decision 11/108. non-sus. todiai meaaarsg...l.t.he Tokyo rules)* At its 11th meeting, on 16 February 1990, the Committee on Crime Prevention and Control, having considered the proposed United Nations standard minimum rules for non-custodial measures (the Tokyo rules) (E/AC.57/1990/5/Add.2, draft 
**Analysis**
The text appears to be related to the use of force and firearms by law enforcement officials, and the accountability and responsibility that comes with it. It discusses the need for transparency, reporting, and review processes in cases of death and serious injury. It also emphasizes the importance of superior officers being held responsible for the actions of their subordinates and the need for law enforcement officials to follow the Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, Law and order