embargo. Inaddition, theinvestigation concerning thedelivery ofthesubmarine blueprints hadnotreached asucce~sful conclusion andtheviolators hadnotbeen prosecuted. TheGovernment oftheFederal Republic ofGermany, however, gave assurances thatitwouldcontinue toexamine theimplementation ofthearmsembargo -35-against SouthAfrica(seeparas. 215and216).Subsequently, on21August 1989,it wasrevealed thatSouthAfricawasinfactconstructing submarines attheSandock Austral YardatDurban, contrary toofficial denials bytheregime, andthata thirdcompany, Thyssen Nordseewerke ofEmden,wasalsoinvolved intheconstruction project. On25August 1989,theWorldCampaign disclosed elaborate attempts to conceal theconstruction project. ~I 137.Whileconcern wasexpressed aboutthedelivery oftheblueprints, theSpecial Committee welcomeJ thewithdrawal on18January 1989ofthelicence granted in1985 fortheexporttoSouthAfricaofhigh-technology dual-use mUlti-sensor platforms andrelated elect.ronic andotherequipment fromtheFederal Republic ofGermany. Whilethewithdrawal ofthelicence showsthateffective governmental actioncan preventmilitary salesto,andotherformsofmilitary collabor6tion with,the regime, thedelayintheFederal Republic Government's actionallowed thedelivery ofoneofthethreeunitstoSouthAfrica. lAl 138.TheCrotale missile orCactushasbeensoldtomany State~through the Thomson-CSF Corporation ofFrance. Although someStatesclaimthatthegunis French-made, experts inthefieldassertthatitisSouthAfrican-designed and continues tobemanufactured byARMSCOR. 111DuringFebruary andMarch1989, Lieutenant-General Malanvisited Chileinordertoinspect thefirsttest-firing of theG.S155mmartillery gun,whichhasarangeofover35kilometres. Reports indicate that,whilethegunisassembled inChilebyIndustrias Cardoen, the ammunition foritcannotbemadelocally andhastobeobtained fromSouthAfrica. Duringhisstay,Lieutenant-General MaIanvisited PuntaArenas, wheretheSouth African company Sandock Austral isinvolved inthejointconstruction ofa $13million shipyard withAsmar,thedockyard groupmanaged bytheChilean navy. TheSpecial Committee issuedastatement expressing graveconcernattheinvitation extended toLieutenant-General Malan. ~IThevisitrevetiled theextentofthe co-operation between ChileandSouthAfrica, inparticular theirjointweapons and mmnunition production projects. SincetheSecurity Council anditsArmsEmbargo Committee havebeenrequested tostrengthen Council resolution 558(1984)of 13December 1984tocoverthetransfer ofSouthAfrican licencos, technology and know-how fortheproduction ofarmsandrelated material abroad, thePretoria regime, inanticipation of.this,ismeanwhile embarking onseveral joint-production ventures inChile(seepara.219). 139.Ithasoftenbeenpointed outthattheregime's diplomats usetheirdiplomatic statustoacquire military andnuclear technology inviolation ofrelevant resolutions oftheSecurity Council andtheGeneral Assembly andofthelawsand regulations enacted bythoseStatestowhichtheyareaccredited. Thissuspicion wasconfirmed bytheRrrestinParisinApril1989offivemenastheyhanded ov~r partsofaBlowpipe missile toDanielStorm,anofficial accredited totheSouth African Embassy inParisbutwidelybelieved tobeanARMSCOR employee (see parttwoofthepresent document). TheBlowpipe is~short-range anti-aircraft missile manufactured bytheBelfast-based ShortBrothers. Theequipment, stolen fromtheBritish armyinNorthern Ireland, wouldhaveenabled SouthAfricato develop arangeofhigh-velocity missiles basedonBritish technology. Following thearrests, theFrenchandBritish Governments bothexpelled threeSouthAfrican diplomats. 121 140.SouthAfrica's ARMSCORparticipated intheInternational Defence Equipment ond Avionics Exhibition (IDEA'89),whichtookplaceatAnkara f~om2to6May1989. Military itemsdiRplayed attheExhibition included theG.SlSS-mmhowitzer, the -36-Ro·,ikat armoured vehicle, theR4assaultrifle,machine-guns, rocketsystems, mortars, grenade launchers, avariety ofammunition, anti-riot weapons, night-sight equipment, laserrangefinders andperiscopes. According totheExhibition Catalogue, IDEA'89wasorganized byalOCAlprivate firm,theABCFair Organisation, an~co-sponsored bytheMonchPublishing Group,basedinBonn.It
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the military and defense sector of South Africa, specifically highlighting the country's disregard for international arms embargoes and its involvement in the production and export of military equipment. The text also touches on the cooperation between South Africa and other countries, including Chile and France, in the development and production of military technology. The tone of the text is critical and concerned, suggesting that the author is advocating for stricter enforcement of international arms embargoes and greater transparency in the military dealings of South Africa.

**Category**
Industry, International trade