amounts to a threat to the Pea:e, a breach of, the Peace or an act of aggressioD' That prescription should be founded on the primary resPonsibility of the security Councit to naiutain internaticnal peace and security. If threshold deterninations of law are necessarily involved, they should only be erpressed if they can be subjected to proper judiciat revierr. Even though this view of the rnatter is not one that has commentled itself to the Security Couucil over the years, the validityA/44/968 S/21463 English Page16 generality mustbeemphasized. Incontrast, thepresent situation isvery specific _especially intherelevance toitofthe1960Treaties andtheBasic Structure and1960Constitution whichareendorsed andguaranteed inthose Treaties. Itisaxiomatic andbeyond discussion thattreaties override customary international law.Thegeneral termsoftheDeclarations oncolonialism andon principles ofinternational law-whichatbestarenomorethancustomary international law-mustgivewaytotheexplicit andclearrequirements ofthe relevant treaties. 50.Thissameconsideration bearswithspecial weight onanysupposed similarity between thepresent caseandtheotherepisodes inwhichtheSecurity Council has called uponStates nottorecognize certain secessionist ornewentities. Such action wastakenindirectly overKatanga andexpressly overRhodesia andthe African "bantustans". Buttheyaretotally distinguishable fromthepresent situation. Theprincipal pointofdistinction isthattheywerenotaffected by anycontrolling treaty -incontrast withtherolehereofthe1960Treaties of Establishment andofGuarantee. Asecondpointofdistinction isthatinthelast twoofthosecasestheinhibition onrecognition derived fromthefactthatthe establishment oftheentity involved acontinuance Iinoneoranother form,ofthe concept ofcolonialism. Thatcertainly isnottrueoftheclaimtoindependence by theTurkish Cypriot community. 51.Thetruthofthematteristhatindetermining thattheestablishment ofthe TRNCwasillegal andinvalid, andinattaching tothatdetermination thesanction thatStatesshouldnotrecognize theTRNC,theSecurity Council wasevidently purporting toactinajUdicial capacity. Thatistheonlyproperdescription of theconduct ofanyoneorany~odythatclaims the~ight tomakefindings of "illegality" or"invalidity". Yetinsoacting theSecurity Council didnotbehave inthemannerappropriate totheperformance ofajudicial function. True,it heardbothsides,inthesensethatitheardspeeches fromPresident Denktas as wellasfromthe representativ~ oftheGreekCypriot community. Buthavingregard totherangeandcomplexity oftheissues uponwhichitventured directly or indirectly tomakeafinding, namely, theconformity withthe1960Constitution of theconduct ofthetwocommunities, itsscrutiny ofthesituation wasatbest superficial. Thejudgement, intheformofadraftresolution, wasprepared and wasincirculation before thedebate eventookplace -anorderofproceeding that isinnowaycompatible withthejudicial process ofascertaining factsand weighing arguments before reaching areasoned conclusione 52.Itmust.ofcourse, beacknowledged thattheSecurity Council isnotorganized orintended toactasajudicial body. Butinthatcase,itshouldberecognized thattheconduct oftheSecurity Council shouldstopshortofpassing judgement uponlegalissues. Decisions oftheSecurity Council shouldbelimited to prescribing acourse ofaction directed towards eliminating thesituation that amounts toathreattothepeeoe, abreachofthepeaceoranactofaggression. Thatprescription should befounded ontheprimary responsibility oftheSecurity Council tomaintain internaticnal peaceandsecurity. Ifthreshold determinations oflawarenecessarily involved, theyshouldonlybeexpressed iftheycanbe subjected toproperjudicial review. Eventhoughthisviewofthematterisnot
**Analysis**
This text appears to be a diplomatic or political document discussing the actions of the United Nations Security Council in relation to a specific conflict. It references treaties, international law, and the primary responsibility of the Security Council to maintain international peace and security. The language used is formal and technical, suggesting a high-level discussion of complex legal and political issues.

**Category**
International relations, Politics