and,whereappropriate, tonegotiate newinternational commodity agreements or arrangements; (d)Tointensify international co-operation forthehorizontal andvertical diversification oftheeconomies ofdeveloping countries, aswellasforincreasing theirparticipation intheprocessing, marketing, transportation anddistribution oftheircommodities; (e)Toenhance international assistance directed toviablediversification programmes and,illthatrespect, tofacilitate anadequate expansion ofbilateral, multilateral, andprivate resource assistance, including private investment; (f)Tocomplement suchfinancial assistance withtechnical co-operation for theimplementation ofdiversification programmes; (g)Toimprove information flowstoaidinvestment decisions; (h)Toimprove exportearnings ofdeveloping countries through their increased participation inthediversification, processing, marketing, distribution andtransportation ofcommodities; (i)Toimprove andsustain therealincomeofdeveloping countries through increased exportearnings; (j)Toseektoliberalize trade,including improved marketaccessinprimary products andtheprocessed products thereof, bearing inmindtheneedsand interests ofdeveloping countries; -17- Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library(k)Toimprove thecompetitiveness of,andtoencourage research and development ontheproblems of,natural products competing withsynthetics and substitutes; (1)Toimprove market structures inthefieldofrawmaterials and commodities ofexportinterest todeveloping countries: (m)Topromote international foodtradepolicies thatincrease food production andconsumption indeveloping countries, promote anadequate supply of foodandstrengthen worldfoodsecurity. (b)Course ofaction ofthesecretariat 13.41 TheUNCTAD secretariat willcontribute to: (a)Theintergovernmental consultations andactions onindividual commodities, including theconclusion ofcommodity agreements orother arrangements, asappropriate; (b)Enhancing understanding oftheimpactoftechnology andenvironmental considerations onsupply anddemand ofagricultural andmineral commodities, including thosefacing competition fromsynthetics andsubstitutes; (c)Enhancing transparency inmarkets ofagricultural andmineral commodities, andcommodity basedproducts, through datacollection andprocessing; (d)Thecontinuous review oftheproblem ofcommodity export earnings shortfalls ofdeveloping countries arising fromexportearnings instability, as wellasofactions takenorrequired intheareaofcompensatory financing of export earnings shortfalls. 13.42 Inthelightoftheabove, theUNCTADsecretariat will: (a)Undertake regular surveys oftheworldcommodity situation andoutlook, interalia,analysing relationships between thecommodity sector andtheworld economy1 (b)Assess theresponsiveness ofcommodity production andtradetochanging economic conditions andtheimpact ofeconomic andfinancial constraints onthe commodity production andtradeofdeveloping countries; (c) (d) commodity sectorinAnalyse thetrends insupply anddemand forindividual commodities1 Assist informulating international, regional, subregional andnational policies andprogrammes conducive toenhancing theroleofthecommodity thedevelopment process; (e)Follow developments invarious compensatory financing schemes andassess theirimplications forthedevelopment ofdeveloping countries; (f)Undertake studies ondiversification, identifying specific constraints to diversification efforts andproposing m~asures fortheirelimination; -18- Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library(g)Analyse waysandmeansofexpanding financial resources andtechnical co-operation, especially forhumanresources development relating tothecommodity sector asawhole; (h)Elaborate developmental measures forcommodities, including their
**Analysis**
The text appears to be focused on the development of developing countries, with a specific emphasis on the commodity sector. It discusses the need to diversify economies, improve export earnings, and promote international cooperation to achieve these goals. The text also touches on issues related to technology, environmental considerations, and market structures. Given these themes, it seems likely that the text falls under the categories of economic development and international trade.

**Category**
Economic development, International trade