applicants decreased from 6^0 per cent in 1981 to 25 per cent in 1988. This is not because criteria are now more stringent, but because increasing numbers of refugees are not fleeing political persecution, but are in reality economic migrants with a (perfectly understandable) desire to improve their conditions. It would however be unfair to allow economic migrants to settle as though they were refugees and it would cause delay and frustration to genuine refugees and to the majority of immigrants who follow the normal procedures (50,000 in 1988). 197. There is no full right of appeal exercisable while in the United Kingdom for those who seek asylum at the port of entry. There is no such right for the majority of passengers refused leave to enter on other grounds, and to single out asylum seekers for special treatment would encourage applications for asylum. The lessons from other countries, particularly in Europe, which have such a system, is that delays soon run into years as appeals go from lower to higher courts. While waiting for a hearing, asylum-seekers establish themselves and start families and, if they fear they will not be successful, cannot be traced. This again is inequitable both to genuine political refugees and to normal immigrants. Extradition 198. The United Kingdom has to engage in two types of extradition, foreign and Commonwealth. In addition, a simplified form of extradition, the backing of warrants procedure, operates between the Republic of Ireland and Scotland, Northern Ireland, and England and Wales. Each type is subject to legislation: the Extradition Act 1870, the Fugitive Offenders Act 1967 and the Backing of Warrants (Republic of Ireland) Act 1965. The 1870 and 1867 Acts have now been consolidated in the Extradition Act 1989. Avenues of appeal are set out in the extradition legislation, and in foreign and 
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing issues related to immigration and asylum seekers, which are likely linked to human rights and international relations. The text also touches on the topic of extradition, which is a legal process that involves international cooperation. The themes of economic migration, political persecution, and humanitarian aid are also present.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, International trade