obligation ofStatestorespectcertain inalienable rights. Anassessment ofthese.. developments hasnowbeenmadeinHelsinki, justasithadbeenbeforeinBelgrade andinMadrid, tofindoutexactly howfarapartarethetheoretical commitme9~s undertaken byStates, theactualimplementation ofmeasures, andtheachievement of practical results. Muchtoourdistress, theconclusion wasthatthestage~f implementation ofthemeasures established intheFinalActwasfarfrombeing reached. Thesamesituation wasnotedagainattherecentexper\:.meeting heldin Otta'"aonhumanrightsandfundamental freedoms. Nevertheless, Portugal, whichhasfullyendorsed thespiritofHelsinki, sincerely hopesthatthenextConference inViennawillmakeadecisive contribution tothisprocess beguntenyearsago. Ishouldnowliketorefertosomeoftheproblems affecting today'spolitical worldscene,thataremattersofspecialinterest anddeepconcern formycountryc Portugal, asaEuropean country whichhasclosegeographical, historical and cultural linkstoAfrica, cannotbutexpressitsgreatconcernattherecentevents takingplaceinSouthAfrica. Theseevents,thathaveacquired increasingly worrying proportions, havejustlyaroused theindignation andcondemnation ofthe entireinternational community. Theposition adopted byPortugal towards theproblems thatbesetthe populations ofthatcountryiswellknowntoall,bOthwithintheunitedNations andintheframework ofitsrelationships withothercountries, partiCUlarly our futurepartners intheEuropean Economic Community (EEC). Weclearly and decisively denounce andcondemn thetotallackofmoralprinciples that characterizes allapartheid andbantustan systems, whichsowtheseedsofthe serious internal strifewithwhichweareallfamiliar. Portugal's staunchJSM!rd k/40lpv~5 78 (Hr.Gama,·Portugal) opposition toany'formof'racismorracialdiscrtmination isakeyeleme~t inour behaviour' andourunderstanding oftheworld. Wethusconsider inevitable, andit extremely urgent,thattheSOuthAfrican -Authorities shouldembark, wi.:hout fearor hesitation, onasincereefforttoopendialogue wi~~all~~ed~fferent co~n!t!ee oftheir'country, thus'creating thenecessary conditions forallitsinhabitants to haveequalaccesstopolitical life,tofreedom, toworkandtosocialjustice. Onlyaftethavingachieved theseconditions willtheSOuthAfricans ofany community beabletoconsider themselves fre~andfUll-fledged citizens ofthe SouthAfric&n nation. Thus,fromthisinternational rostrum, myGovernment urgestheGovernment of SouthAfricatobeginassoonaspossible, with decisiv~ness andflexibility, an opendialogue withtheleaders ofallthecommunities thatarepartofthecountry soastostrikeafruitful agreement. Similarly, Ishouldalsoliketoexpress tothisAssembly theconcern ofmy countryatthedelayintheexercise oftherighttoself-determination bythe peopleofNamibia, asaresultofthenon-implementation oftherelevant resolutions oftheunitedNations, inparticular security Council resolution 435(1978). ~ortugal haspaidspecialattention, andhasalwaysgiven fullsupport, totheefforts carried outbythefront-line Statesaimedat persuading SouthAfricatosetasideitsdeplorable stanceofconfrontation -such astherecentinvasion ofAngola-andtotakeaconstructive andflexible stand thatwouldallowforafasterandmoresatisfactory solution oftheproblem. Thus, wenotonlyhopethattheSouthAfricanauthorities willdecidepromptly towork towardsinternal appeasement, butwillalsodoeverything intheirpowertoputan endtotheillegaloccupation ofNamibia, infullpursuance andendorsement of Security Council resolution 435(1978).JSM/rd ,./40/PV ..5 79-80 (Hr.Gama,Port,uga1) .Thetensesituation intheMiddleEast,aregiontowhichPortugal is particularly sensitive, givenitsspecialhistorical andcultural linkstothe Arabnation, hasnotimproved. Onthecontrary, ithasnotonlypersisted, buthas evendeteriorated. Letusconsider thedevelopnent ofthesituation inLebanon alone,wherethe confrontation ofriv~lfactions hc!!spersisted withincreasing violence, andwhere actsofterrorism areperpetrated atadramatically growing paceagainst both national andforeigntargets. Portugal hassincethebeginning supported with material meanstheefforts undertaken bytheUnitedNations Interim Forcein Lebanon (UNIFIL) andwetrustthatthere-establishment ofthenecessary balance willleadtonational reconciliation through dialogue amongthedifferent Lebanese communities. Forthistobepossible, italsoseemsessential tousthatall foreignmilitary troopswithdraw fromtheTerritory unlesstheLebanese Government e~plicit1y requests theirpresence. Wealsobelievethatthesolution tothecrisisinLebanonliesmainlyinthe achievement ofpeaceintheentireregion, andthisinturnwilldependnotonly upontherecognition ofthelegitimate rightsofthepeopleofPalestine, including therighttoself-determination andtoahomeland, butalsoupontherecognition of therightoftheStateofIsraeltoitsownexistence andsecurity.
**Analysis**
The text is primarily focused on international relations, human rights, and political issues, with specific references to South Africa, Namibia, and the Middle East. The language used is formal and diplomatic, suggesting a speech or statement made by a government official or representative. The text does not contain any economic, scientific, or technological discussions.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, International relations