reporting on human rights violations during armed conflicts is bv excluding them from conflict areas. 29. Israel routinely denies journalists access to areas declared closed military zones and has charged and fined journalists who entered those areas. At least two Palestinian journalists were administratively detained during 1989, one for up to a year. 30. During the United States invasion of Panama in December 1989, the US Command restricted the US "press pool" to US bases, attempted to bar all non-pool journalists from entering the country and journalists already in Panama from entering conflict zones, and detained and harassed journalists trying to cover the invasion. 31. Human Rights Advocates and Article 19 suggest that the above incidents make clear the need for further United Nations action to protect and assist journalists and mass media personnel, particularly those engaged in reporting on human riqhts violations. Governments should be called on to release journalists detained solely for pursuing their professional duties, to repeal laws that criminalize reporting on certain events or expression of certain views, to investigate and prosecute vigorously all attacks on journalists, to permit newspapers and radio and television stations to operate freely, and to refrain from interfering with journalists' freedom of movement. Mr. Sadi, Mr. Turk and Mr. Joinet should be invited to propose concrete measures the United Nations might undertake to help protect journalists and other media personnel. 
**Analysis**
The text discusses the importance of protecting journalists and media personnel who report on human rights violations during armed conflicts. It highlights specific examples of governments restricting access to conflict areas and detaining or harassing journalists who try to report on these events. The text also emphasizes the need for the United Nations to take action to protect and assist journalists and media personnel.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, Culture