transformed, through governmental leadership, into support for efforts to avert such disasters in the future. The Committee urges Governments not only to respond as we have suggested to the widespread professional consensus as to the needs, but also to join in a major effort to explain those development issues to a wider public. Such measures would, in the view of the Committee, constitute an effective, if overdue, response to the Secretary-General's call earlier in 1984 for "concerted and co-ordinated action" to deal with the critical economic situation in Africa. Action recommendations 8. The Committee recommends that the international community should agree at the earliest possible time, and certainly no later than at the special session of the Development Committee in April 1985, on a special joint financing plan for Africa along the lines recommended recently by the World Bank. That must involve total new net commitments, above those already in place, of at least $US 6 billion per year over the next three years. This much is required merely to maintain net flows at the levels of recent years. Of this, at least $US 2 billion should be channelled into a Special Financing Facility to be administered by the World Bank/ International Development Association (IDA) for use in low-income countries of Africa. That would constitute a minimum indispensable starting point for the longer-run programme that Africa requires. 9. The Committee recommends effective surveillance both for bilateral aid performance and for evaluation of Government economic policies in Africa. Surveillance of donor government performance is no less important than that which parts of the international community now propose, and to some degree already exercise, with respect to African Governments. 10. Since, relative to the obviously increasing needs, African access to international liquidity and bridging finance has fallen in recent years, the 
**Analysis**
The text discusses the need for international cooperation and financing to address the economic challenges facing Africa, including the need for a special joint financing plan, surveillance of donor government performance, and evaluation of government economic policies. These issues are closely related to economic development and humanitarian aid, but the text's focus on economic issues and international cooperation suggests that it is primarily concerned with economic development.

**Category**
Economic development, Humanitarian aid and relief