207.Itisusefultoexamine moreclosely thenatureofacoastal State's competence overartificial islands, installations andstructures intheexclusive economic zone.Acoastal Statehastheexclusive righttoconstruct andto authorize andregulate tbeconstruction, operation anduseofartificial islands, installations andstructures constructed foreconomic purposes; andinstallations andstructures whichmayinterfere withtbeexercise oftherightsofthecoastal Stateinthezone.Installations andstructures whichdonotinterfere withthese rightsareoutside theexclusive jurisdiction ofthecoastal State. 208.AllotherStatesenjoyintheexclusive economic zonefreedom ofnavigation andoverflight andfreedom tolaysubmarine cables andpipelines, andother internationally lawfulusesofthesearelated tothesefreedoms, suchasthose associated withtheoperation ofships,aircraft andsubmarine cables andpipelines. 209.TheQuestion ariseswhether thoseUSeSoftheseaswhicharenotmentioned in theConvention (theresidual rights) remainwiththeinternational community ornow belongtothecoastal State. TheConvention itselfoffers asolution in article 59,whichstatesthatwheretheConvention "doesnotattribute rightsor jurisdiction tothecoastal StateortootherStateswithintheexclusive economic zone,andaconflict arises between theinterests ofthecoastal Stateandany otherStateorStates, theconflict shouldberesolved onthebasisofequity and inthelightofall·therelevant circumstances, takingintoaccount therespective importance oftheinterests involved totheparties aswellastotheinternational community asawhole"(art.59).ThustheConvention acknOWledges thatthereare usesoftheseaOverwhichithasgivencompetence neither tothecoastal Statenor tootherStatesintheexclusive economic zoneandithasprovided important substantive guidelines forresolving conflicts ofcompetence overuses·which are notmentioned intheConvention. 210.UndertheConvention theexclusive economic zoneissubject toaspecific legalregime. Thelegalregimeoftheexclusive economic zoneisdifferent from thatoftheterritorial seaorthehighseas.Itisazonewhichpartakes ofthe characteristics ofbothregimes andbelongs toneither. Inshortitissuigeneris. 211.Itisexpressly statedthat"articles 88to115andotherpertinent rulesof international lawapplytotheexclusive economic zoneinsofarastheyarenot incompatible withthisPart"(art.58,para.2).Thisprovision hasinfact transported almostalltheprOVisions ofthehighseasregime, exceptthosedealing withtheconservation andmanagement oftheliving reSources ofthehighseas,into theexclusive economic zone. I...A/40/535 English Page60 212.Certain observations canbemadeontheseprovisions. First, someofthese provisions areofgeneral application sincetheydealwithissuesconcerning ships: nationality ofships,statusofships,shipsflyingtheflagoftheUnited Nations, itsspecialized agencies ortheInternational Atomic Energy Agency, duties oftheflagState;andsoon.Second, otherprovisions dealwiththeprohibition ofthetransport ofslaves, drugs,piracy andunauthorized broadcasting. These issuesareofinternational concern andmust,itseems,necessarily applytothe exclusive economic zone.Finally, twoprovisions applytotheregimeofthe exclusive economic zone:article 88whichstatesthat"thehighSeasshallbe reserved forpeaceful purposes" andarticle 89whichprohibits States from sUbjecting "anypartofthehighseas"totheirsovereignty. 213.Acoastal Stateisunderanobligation tohavedueregardtotherightsand dutiesofotherStates andtoactinamannercompatible withtheprovisions ofthe Convention whenexercising itsrightsandperforming itsduties underthe Convention. OtherStates, i.e.non-coastal States, areunderasimilar obligation. 214.Inexercising theirrightsandperforming theirduties undertheConvention in theexclusive economic zone,Statesshallhavedueregardtotherightsandduties ofthecoastal Stateandshallcomplywiththelawsandregulations adopted bythe coastal Stateinaccordance withtheprovisions oftheConvention andotherrules ofinternational lawinsofarastheyarenotincompatible withtheregimeofthe exclusive economic zone(art.58,para.3).TheConvention alsoprovides for compulsory procedures entailing binding decisions "whenitisalleged thata coastal Statehasactedincontravention oftheprovisions oftheConvention in regardtothefreedoms andrightsofnavigation, overflight orthelayingof submarine cables andpipelines, orinregardtootherinternationally lawfuluses oftheseaspecified inArticle 58"(art.297,para.1(a»).Therewillalsobea resorttocompulsory procedures entailing binding decisions whenaStatein exercising thefreedoms, rights orusesgranted tonon-coastal States contravenes
**Analysis**
The text discusses the legal regime of the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and the rights and obligations of coastal and non-coastal States in this zone. It specifically focuses on the construction and use of artificial islands, installations, and structures, as well as the freedom of navigation, overflight, and laying of submarine cables and pipelines. The text also mentions the prohibition of certain activities, such as the transport of slaves and drugs, and the obligation to have regard to the rights and duties of other States. Given the focus on the legal framework and rights of States in the EEZ, it is likely that the text falls under the categories related to international law and governance.

**Category**
Economic development, International trade, Transport and communication