First. many scientific and technological research Institutes were set up, such as the Academy of Sciences and many of Its affl llated research Institutes. By 1950, there were 840 research organizations and over 400,000 persons engaged In research. At the same time. the first five-year plan put much empha~ls on the Importance of science and technology. In 1956, over 600 scientists. economists and planners were organized In a Joint effort to draw up China's first plan for the development of science and technology. namely• the National Plan for Long-term Development of Science and Techno­ logy from 1956 to 1967, According to the. requirements of the country's economic construction and national defense, the long-term plan ocvered 57 projects. Including basic. and applle~ research. Among them were research proJects In semi-conductor and ·computer. electronics, automation technology, atomic energy and Jet propul­ sion, However, overreaching attempts towards rash progress which came about In 1958 and 1959, disrupted the normal order of research. By 1961. the State Science and Technology Commission formulated a new ten year plan covering 374 priority research Items, of ~hlch 333 were urgently needed In economic development and 41 In basic sciences. By 1964. more than 3,000 research achievements were registered with the Commission. The ten years of the "Cultural Revolution" brought a temporary stop to al 1 research undertakings, with facilities destroyed and research personnel driven to the rural areas Into forced labour. The disaster came to an end In 1978 with the downfall of the leftist political line and then came the spring for sciences and technology. Since then. much progress has been made In the development and application of science and technology, particularly In the policy and management field. After the National Science and Technology Conference In the S & T Infrastructure was vigorously restored and new 
**Analysis**
The text primarily discusses the development of science and technology in China, highlighting the establishment of research institutions, the formulation of plans, and the achievements in various fields. While it mentions the importance of science and technology for the country's economic construction and national defense, the focus is more on the scientific and technological advancements themselves rather than their direct application in other areas.

**Category**
Science and technology