political influence overthejUdiciary. lil 32.Thevtolence inNatalprovince reachedcritical proportions andwasregarded byanti-apartheid organizations asanational crisis, theresolution ofwhichis important toSouthAfrica. COSATUhascalledforthecreation ofanindependent commission ofinquiry intotheroleofthepoliceinthePietermaritzburg vlolenco, pointing outthatthecollaboration ofthesecurity forceswithvigilante groups hasbeenacritical factorinfueling theviolence. Inamemorandum introduced at apressconference heldatPietermaritzburg on29March1989,representatives of COSA'I1JandUDraffiliates noted"thespecial contribution tothePietermaritzburg violence whichhasbeenmadethrough theactions andomissions oftheSouthAfrican police•••[However,] weneedtostressthattherecanbenolasting peaceill pietermaritzburg solongasthepoliceareabletomanipUlate thecommunity bya partisan policing •••".lilThebanning andrestriction ordersimposed on anti-aparthtid organizations andindividuals havemadethesearchforasolution to theconflict inNatalmoredifficult, since act~vists areprevented bythe restriction ordersfromeng8ging inanypolitical activity. Whilethereare political differences between UDrandCOSATU, ontheonehand,andtheZuluInkatha Movement, ontheotherhand,atitsheart,thestrifeinNatalisprimarily a oonsequenoe ofapartheid policies. 33.Itisestimated that1,300persons havebeenkilledinthePietermaritzburg distriot alonesince1987.In1988between 20,000and30,000persons beoame internal refugees intheprovince andthenumbers continue torise.Atleast 3,000homesweredestroyed in1988,mostlybyburning, oftenaccompanied bylooting. 34.Amovement forpeaceisunderwayandhasreoeived thef.,portofallthe parties totheconflict, namely COSATU, UDrandtheZuluInkatha Movement, in addition toreligious andothergroups. ANCanditsleader, NelsonMandela, have al~obackedthepeaceefforts. InalettersenttoInkatha leader, ChiefMangosuthu Buthelezi, Mandela saidl "Inmyentirepolitical careerfewthingshavedistressed me(somuch)asto seeourpeoplekilling oneanother asisnowhappening. Asyouknow,the entirefabricofcommunity lifeinsomeoftheaffected areashasbeen seriously disrupted, leaving behindalegacyofhatredandbitterness which mayhauntusforyearstocome.Itisamatterwhichrequires theurgent attention ofallpeopleinthiscountry. Nothing willplease memorethanto knowthatmyconcern andappealhavenotfallenondeafearB."lil -10-·35.Yfttanothdr example ofviolence wasthebrutalactoffarrightAfrikaaner Weeratandsbeweging member, BarendStrydom. On15NovQmber 1988,Strydom deliberately shot22blacksinthestreets ofPretoria, killing seve.l. Earlier, aseparate incident, hehadmurdered ablackwoman.Itisimportnnt t<lnotothntD reportpublished inDecember 1988indicated thatbetween September 1984,whenthe nation-wide rentprotests began, andDecember 1988,some4,000peoplewerekilled inSouthAfrica, themonthly deathtollreaching upeakof221inMay1986 alone.1.51 5.Security l~,banning andrestriction orders 36.Th9regimecontinued toenactrepressive lawstocurtail furthAr the activities ofapartb~id opponents. Despite widespread opposition wit.hin and outside SouthAfrica, theDisclosure ofForeign Funding ActNo.260'1989was adopted on23March1989.TheActisdesigned toexercise stringent control over theactivities ofanti-apartheid organizations. Itspredecessor, thePromotion of Orderly Internal Politlcs Billof1988,waswithdrawn afterconsiderable pressure wasexerted ontheregimefromwithin andoutside thecountry, inclUding fromthe European Economic Community (EEC). Although theostensible purpose ofthtFunding Actistoregulate thereceipt offoreign fundsandto"provide formatters connected therewith", itsprovisions, infact,grantauthorities almostunlimited accesstoinformation abouttheworkoforganizations orpersons committed tu peacefUl changeinSouthAfrica. 37,Theregime's increasing re1lance onrestriction ordersallowedittosilence opponents without thevisibility attached todetentions ortrials. Therestriction orders, whicharetantamount tohousearrest, areimrosed forani~d~finite period andprevent individuals fromhaving anormalIJfe,letaloneenqaging inany political activity. Individuals, ineffect, "disappear" frompubliC':lifewithout havingbeenfoundguiltyofanyoffence. Humanrightsorganizations havewarned thatthesevererestrictions servedonmorethan650formerdetainees, regUlarizing theirmovements andconfining themtotheirhomesforupto20houraaday,make themeasytargets fortheviolence ofvigilante groups anddeathsquads. The
**Analysis**
The text appears to be focused on the political and social issues in South Africa during the apartheid era, particularly the violence and human rights abuses in Natal province. It mentions the role of the police, the banning and restriction orders imposed on anti-apartheid organizations, and the impact on the community. The text also touches on the economic and social consequences of the violence, such as internal refugees and destroyed homes. Given the context and content of the text, it is likely that the category is related to social and political issues.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, Human rights