introducing, onamutually agreeddate,amoratorium onallnuclear explosions, sayingthatAmerican n~~leartestswouldcontinue because theywerenecessary for themodernization oftheexisting nuclear weapons andtheproduction ofnewones. Inseeking toputanendtothedangerous competition inthebuild-up of nucleararsenals, theSovietUniondecided unilaterally toceaseallnuclear explosions asof6Augustofthisyear,thedatewhichisknownthroughout the worl~asthedaymarking thetragedy ofHiroshima. Thereisnodoubtthatamutual moratorium by"theUSSRandtheUnitedStatesonallnuclear explosions wouldbea goodexample toallotherStateswhichpossess nuclear weapons. Asyouknow,theSovietmoratorium istobeineffectuntil1January 1986, butitcouldcontinue evenbeyondthatdateiftheUnitedStatesrefrained from settingoffnuclear explosions. Inaddition toothermeasures inthefieldofdisarmament, itwouldbeof majorimportance ifallnuclear Powersfollowed theexample oftheSovietUnionand thePeople's Republic ofChinaandpledged nottobethefirsttousenuclear weapons. Thisstepwouldamounttotheelimination ofthethreatofnuclear war. Following thetestsofnuclear weapons andthetestoftheanti-satellite systemASAT,theUnitedStatesisembarking onlarge-scale production ofa qualitatively newkindofchemical weapon, theso-called binaryweapon. The House-Senate Conference Committee oftheunitedStatesCongress, understrong pressure fromtheAdministration andthePentagon, hasrecommended that $155million shouldbeearmarked forthispurpose in1986;overall $10billion is tobespentontheprogramme forproducing binarychemical weapons. AtPineBlUff, Arkansas, thefirstfactory, withaproductive capacity of70,000unitsofbinary munitions, consisting ofartillery shellsandairbombs,isnowreadytogointo operation. Inaccordance withtheUnitedStatesmilitary strategy, binarychemicalA""H/9 A/40/IJV.22 32 (Mr.Kravets, Ukrainian SSR) weapons areintended foroffensive operations andaretobeusedinafirststrike situation. Thus,theseweapons takeonastrategic significance. Itisworthyof notethatallthisishappening whiletheGenevaDisarmament Conference isengaged inpainstaking efforts todraftaninternational convention ontheprohibition of chemical weapons. Hereagain,asinotherareasofarmslimitation, thepractical stepstakenbytheUnitedStatesAdministration areverymuchatvariance withits pronouncements. TheUnitedStatesbinaryweapons programme posesamajormilitary danger, particularly toEurope, sincebinaryweapons -andWashington (ioesnotconceal this fact-aretobedeployed ontheterritories ofWestEuropean countries -the Federal Republic ofGermany, theUnitedKingdom andsomeothers. Itisquiteclearthat,ifthoseplansweretobeimplemented, Europe wouldbe turnedintoapotential theatre ofchemical warfare inwhich,bythelogicof things, thecivilian population wouldbecomethemainvictim. Western experts estimate that,inchemical warfare, casualties amongcivilians are20to30times higherthanmilitary casualties. Western EuropewouldthusbecomethePentagon1s dualhostage forbothnuclear andchemical warfare. Thesocialist countries arestrongly infavourofridding Europeofchemical weapons. Theyputforward aproposal tothiseffectin1983.TheUkrainian SSR supports theproposal oftheGovernments oftheGermanDemocratic Republic and Czechoslovakia, addressed totheGovernment oftheFederal Republic ofGermany, on establishing achemical weapon-free-zone inCentral Europe. Implementing thesocialist countrieslproposals onthemutualfreezing of military expenditures andtheirsubsequent reduction, andonthemutualnon-use of military forceandthemaintenance ofpeaceful relations between thecountries parties totheWarsawTreatyandtheStatesmembers ofNATOwouldbeasubstantialAMH/9 A/40/PV.22 33 (Mr.Kravets, Ukrainian SSR) contribution tocurbing thearmsraceandtoachieving disarmament • .Inthisconnection, wewouldlikeonceagaintoemphasize moststrongly thata worldwithout warsandweapons, aworldofgood-neighbourliness andco-operation, a worldoffriendship amongnationsistheidealofsocialism andthegoalofour policy. precisely forthisreasontheUkrainian SSRisinfavouroffinding radical solutions tothekeyproblems ofourtimeonafairandequitable basisand inawaywhichwouldhelpusalltomovetowards thecherished goalofcompletely eliminating thethreatofnuclear warandconsolidating thefoundations ofworld peace. Wewanttheforcesandenergies ofpeopleandthegeniusofmankind tobe directed, notatdeveloping newmeansofdestruction, butateliminating hunger, poverty anddisease andatattaining thegoalsofpeaceful development. Thisyearwillmarkthefifteenth anniversary oftheadoption bytheGen~ral
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a speech or statement from a Ukrainian SSR representative to the United Nations, discussing the threat of nuclear war, the production of binary chemical weapons, and the need for disarmament and international cooperation. It emphasizes the importance of finding radical solutions to global problems and redirecting human resources towards peaceful development.

**Category**
International relations, Science and technology