achieve peaceitwasessential toestablish anewdisciplined international order togoverneconomic andfinancial relations amongnations. Fundamental totheestablishment ofthiseconomic orderwastheperception thatrebuilding Europewasindispensable forstability andinternational security itself. Thesuccess oftheprogramme forthereconstruction ofEuropedemonstrates theability tocarryoutprojects ofco-operation amongst nations whentheyare conceived withabroadvisionofthereciprocity ofinterests involved andaclea~ awareness oftheconnection betweenpolitical andeconomic problems. Atpresent weareexperiencing anewasituation whichclamours foracreative visionforrenewal. Thepillarsofthecurrent orderareerodedandobsolete. It isnecessary forustodiscuss concrete measures toadjusttheinternational economic ordertopresent-day realities.AP/at A/40/W.4 19-20 (President Sarney) Following upontheperiodofprosperity, withtheadventoftherecession, it wasHobbes's predatory junglewhichbegantoreignratherthantheharmonious, fruitful anarchy of.Adamsmith. Theindebtedness ofLatinAmericaisnolongermerelyaregional problem, giventheextentofitsimpactonthestability ofthefinancial mechanisms ofthe Western world. Awareness ofthisproblem ledtotheCartagena consensus, a manifestation ofsolidarity amongst theLatinAmerican countries mostaffected by theproblem offore~gn indebtedness, inanefforttodeviseasolution through dialogue andunderstanding. FromtheLatinAmerican pointofview,itisimperative fortheindebtedness crisistobenegotiated intermsofitspolitical dimension. TOday,justaswas thecase40yearsago,theGovernments ofthecreditor nations mustbemadeaware ofthefactthatthereisanexceptional situation thesolution ofwhichtranscends themereinterplay ofeconomic forces.NR/rd A/40/PV.4 21 (President Sarney) Incalling upontheleadersoftheindustrialized nations tocomeforward with concerted political actiontoresolve foreign debtproblems, Idosowiththe serenity ofacountry whichhasnotsparedanyefforttomeetfaithfully its international commitments. Wehavemadegigantic efforts. Nevertheless, evenifweweretomaintain our currentrateofgrowth, onlyin1990shallwehavematched thepercapitaincome levelwehadattained in1980. OUrpeoplehavereached thelimitsofwhatisbearable. Itisimpossible to demandadditional sacrifices ofapopulation as~poverished asours. Onthe contrary, wemustassuretheBrazilian peoplethatopportunities foremployment willbeincreasing inthecomingyears. Ourvulnerability torisesininternaticmal interest ratesissogreatthat allwehaveaccomplished willcollapse ifexorbitant ratesarerenewed. Weshallfacegreaterdifficulties inshaping aliberal andpluralistic societyifwedonotmaintain andexpandourcontacts abroad. However, theforeign debtcrisishasbeenforcing oureconomy intoaprocess ofisolation andautarchy, resulting inminimal ~portpossibilities andweakened andunsatisfactory tieswith theinternational financial markets, wedonotwantisolation andautarchYJ wehave therighttoexpectofourinternational partners equitable andfairformsof co-operation andalsothattheywilldemocratically acceptaconcrete shareof responsibilities. Wecannotrelymerelyontherhetorics ofeconomiG adjustment, ontheassumption thatsacrifice isallthatisrequired ofathird-world debtor forthesettlement ofhisforeign accounts. Thisnarrowviewdisregards thefact thatwearedealing withpopulations whichhavearighttoarespectable standard ofsurvival andwithcountries withlegitimate national aspirations. Eitherwe realizethatthesolution totheforeign debtproblemisajointtaskforcreditors anddebtors alikeorweruntheriskofsettingfiretothepowder-keg that threatens thewholecontinent.·NR/rd A/40/PV.4 22 (President sarney) Thispicture explains thesocialcauldron ofLatinAmerica, defenceless against Messianic anddemagogic seductions andthecalloftotalitarian ideologies andtrapped inanunfairsir,uation resulting fromaccumulated errorsofthepast. Itisamiraclethattheglowilluminating LatinAmericaatthistimecomeafrom thetorchofliberty anddemocracy andnotthatofturmoil. Brazilhastakenitsposition. Debtdoesnotleadtodoubt. Wehavechosen togrowwithout recession, without submitting ourselves tothoseadjustments which wouldentailrelinquishing development. Brazilwillnotpayitsforeign debtwithrecession, norwithunemployment, norwithhunger. Webelieve thatinsettling thisaccountatsuchhighsocialand economic costswewouldthenhavetosurrender ourfreedom, foradebtpaidwith- povertyisanaccount paidforwithdemocracy. Ithuswishtoaffirmwithall seriousness andfirmness thatthereisnosolution possible without athorough reformulation oftheinternational economic structures. Lastly, Imustspeakofpeace,theloftiest idealofmankind. Butwhatis
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a speech by President Sarney of Brazil, discussing the economic crisis in Latin America and the need for a new international economic order. The speech highlights the region's debt crisis, the need for cooperation among nations, and the importance of economic growth and development. The text also touches on the theme of peace and the need for a reformulation of the international economic structures.

**Category**
Economic development, International trade