efforts to.maintain basicstability. Consolidating theabsenceofnuclear weapons frOIltheterritories oftheNordiccountries through theestablishment ofa nuclear-weapon-free zonewouldmakeasignalcontribution tothatstability. Amongthechallenges ofourtimetheuseofouterspaceisafar-reaching and complex issue. Pinland deeplybelieves inthegoalexpressed inthespaceTreaty of1967:spacesbo\!ldbeusedforpeaceful purposes tobenefit mankind asa whole. MyGovernment. hasconsistently supported theworkonouterspacethathas beencarriedoutwithintheunitedNations systemovertheyears. Nowthatnew technologies aremakingtheeconomic utilization ofspaceevenmoreattractive and nowthatmorecountries, including mine,areinterested inthesepossibilities, the timehascometothinkaboutamorecomprehensive approach totheuseand management ofthisresource. Thisshouldmostproperly beundertaken underUnited Nations auspices. Atthesametime,thereisagrowing riskthatouterspacemaybecomeanew arenaformilitary competition. Finland i~gravely concerned oversuchan eventuality. ItwasroostweloomethattheGeneral Assembly lastyearcametoan agreement whichprovides thebasisforconsidering withintheConference on Disarmament thequestion ofpreventing anarmsraceinouterspace.Inaddition, theUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionhavecommitted themselves attheir negotiations inGenevatcseeking agreements onthisissue.* Co-operation inthefieldofenvironmental protection hasdeveloped inan encouraging mannerduringrecentyears. TheUnitedNations Environment programme hassinceitsfoundation donevaluable workinthefieldofenvironmental protection. Itsroleasthemainorganization responsible forUnitedNations *Mr.Gutierrez (CostaRica),Vice-President, tooktheChair.BCT/ed ~40/PV.6 38 (Mr.Vayrynen, Finland) activities inthisfieldshouldbefurther strengthened. But,although the challenge isnowbetterunderstood, thethreathasnotabated. InEuropevaluable conventions havebeenconcluded relating tothereduction oflong-range transboundary airpollution andtotheprotection ofthemarineenvironment. In otherregionsoftheworldalso, ~greements havebeenconcluded. Thereisaclose interdependence between economic development andthestateoftheenvironment. No country canaffordtoignorethedeterioration oftheecological infrastructure. TheGovernment ofFinland urgestheadoption, unilaterally, bilaterally and mUltilaterally, ofstringent measures tosaveourcommonenvironment. The environment isasharedresponsibility. Thesituation inSouthAfrica i~rapidlydeteriorating. Violence and bloodshed areincreasing. Thestateofemergency recently proclaimed bytheSouth African Government hasintensified theconflict between theGovernment andthe majority oftheSouthAfrican people. Onlytheabolition ofapartheid, together withtherecognition ofthecivilandpolitical rightsofallSouthAfricans, can provide thebasisforapeaceful anddemocratic evolution ofSouthAfrican society. Demands fortheintensification ofpressure against SouthAfrica have beenrepeatedly made.Thiswasagainreflected intherecommendations included in Security Council resolution 569(1985). Itisessential thattheSecurity Council decideoneffective mandatory sanctions against SouthAfrica. Atthesametime,theinternational community asawholehasanurgentneed forconcerted actiontosecureanendtoapartheid. Itisourwishthatthedraft resolution onthisissuetobeintroduced duringthisGeneral Assembly session will receive theunanimous supportofMemberStates. InMarchthisyear gtheNordic Foreign Ministers decided tostrengthen andexpandtheNordicJointProgramme of Actionagainst SouthAfricaadopted in1978. Newmeasures areat.present beingBCT/ed A/40/PV.6 39-40 (Hr.Vayrynen, Finland) discussed amongtheNordicGovernments. Arevised programme willbeadoptedatthe nextmeeting oftheForeign Ministers, inOCtober. Onthepartofthe.Government ofFinland, further measures toincrease pressure against theSouthAfrican Government havebeenunderfreshreview, andnewlegislation tothisendisshortly beintroduced. TheFinnish Government hasalsodecidedtowidensignificantly its co-operation withthemembers oftheSouthern African Development Co-ordination Conference soasto~elpthecountries oftheregiontobecomelessdependent on SouthAfrica. Ourdirectandindirect assistance totheliberation movements and oppressed peopleofSouthAfricaandNamibiawillalsobefurther increased. Atthismomentthereisaspecial reasontore-emphasize thatNamibiaisa uniqueresponsibility oftheUnitedNations. OnlyaweekagoSouthAfrica committed anarmedinvasion ofAngola, apparently inordertofrustrate theefforts
**Analysis**
The text discusses various global issues, including the prevention of nuclear war, environmental protection, and human rights. It highlights the importance of international cooperation and the role of the United Nations in addressing these challenges. The text also mentions specific countries and regions, such as South Africa and Namibia, and the need for collective action to address the problems they face.

**Category**
Natural resources and environment, International relations