careful nurturing, become areality. Ithastobeunderstood, however, thatthetalksabouttalkshavethus f~r beenatwo-party affair. Theyhavenotreflected theintricate andvolatile political pluralism ofSouthAfricathatmustbefullyaccommodatad inthe negotiating processiftheendresultofsuchnegotiation istoenjoyuniversal approbation. Mr.Mandela hasrightly calledfortheformation ofabroadfrontof theoppressed tofacetheGovernment attheconference table. Thecallshouldbe responded tobyallconcerned without delay. Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryJB/10Al44/PV.99 39-40 (Mt.Legwaila, Botswana) Iamnot&dvocating cutting cornersinsofarastheimplementation ofthe Declaration isconcerned. Iamnottalking aboutnegotiations atthisstage becauseallthatisgoingoninSouthAfricaatthisstageistalksclbouttalksand because theimplementation oftheDeclaration hasnotbeencompletedw Itwouldbe unf~rtunate andtragic,tosaytheleast,iftheopportunities. thathavebeen openedupforapeaceful resolution oftheSouthAfrican problem weretobewasted. Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryBBS/PLJ A/44/PV.g9 41 (Mr.Legwaila, Botswana) ~heSecretary-General's reportspeaksforitself. Wehold Pr~taria toits commitment topavethewayforpeaceinsouthern Africa. ~heDeClaration on QPartheid remains tobeimplemented infull.Significant steps,weconcede, have beentakentoimplement it. ~heconsensus, however, isthatmuch,muchmoreneeds tobedonetopavethewayforthecommencement ofrealnegotiations for irreversible andprofound changeinSouthAfrica. Mr.INSANALLY (Guyana): ~hedramatic eventsinthePersian Gulfhave overshadowed andperhaps obscured recentdevelopments i~SouthAfrica. Itis clear,nonetheless,thatoverthepastmonthstherehavebeennotable changes in thepolitical landscape ofthatcountry. Someofthesehaveimpacted onthe prevailing systemofgpartheid, givingrisetothehopethatitsdismantlement is not.faroff.Otherchanges appear, however, tobefortheworseandtojeopardize theprocess ofnegotiation necessary forthecreation ofatrUlydemocratic South Africabasedonequityandjustice forallitspeople. Fromallreports, thesituation inthatcountry, instead ofgetting better,is considerably worsethanlastyear. ~herehasbeenarecrudescence ofviolence toa pointwhere,asthenewspaper ~heSQwetan predicts, onlychaQscanresult. Suchan eventuality WQuldbetrulydisastrous, endangering nQtQnlyhumanlifebutalsothe futureQfnegQtiatiQns between theGQvernment andtheAfrican NatiQnal CQngress (ANC). ~hestrains whichcurrently existbetween theGQvernment andthe anti-apartheid campaigners areevidently SQseverethatitseemstobefutileat thisstagetQhQlddiscussions. NegQtiatiQns cannQtbeeffectively conducted inan atmosphere QftensiQn between theparties. InthefaceQfthisdisappointing setback, bQthsideshaveaclearQbligatiQn toreflect onthecQnsequences Qfa breakdown intalksandtQmakeadetermined effQrttQsettletheirdifferences in theinterest Qfpeaceandstability fQrSQuthAfrica. Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryBHS/PLJ Al44/PV.9g 42 (Mr.Insanally, Guyana) Andgreatdifferences thereobviously are.Thereportofthe Secretary-General ofthaUnitedNations aswellas~atoftheMonitoring Groupof theAdHQCCommittee onSQuthAfricaoftheOrganization ofAfrican Unity(OAU) showthattheSouthAfrican Government's assessmant oftheprogress madeinthe implementation oftheDeclaration on~artheid isnotthesameasthatofthe liberation movements andQtherprotagonists inthestruggle. Although varying in theirperspectives, bQthdocuments conclude thatwhilesomeprogress mayhavebeen madeatrapprQchement, thedivision between theparties remains dangerously wide. Someobservers areprepared tQacknQwledge thatsincethebeginning Qfthis yeartherehavebeenSQmepositive developments withinSQuthAfricawhichhave I Qpenedup"distinct pQssibilities fQrthedismantlinc;j oftheapartheid system". AmQngthQsemeasures citedaretherelease QfthecQuntry's mQstfamousdetainee, Nel3QnMandela, andanumberofotherpolitical prisQners; thesuspension ofthe Ideathpenalty; thelifting ofthebanandrestrictions against hitherto proscribed pQlitical parties, therepealofcertain aspects Qftheemergency regulations; 3nd certain budgetary andotherinitiatives aimedatimproving thewelfare Qftheblack massesinSouthAfrica. Thesemeasures havebeenhighlyvaunted byPresident DeKlerk's Government asamanifestation ofitscommitment tochange. Atthesametime,itisQbvious fromthegeneral reaction Qftheblack
**Analysis**
The text discusses the political situation in South Africa, the negotiations between the government and the African National Congress (ANC), and the implementation of the Declaration on Apartheid. It highlights the challenges and obstacles faced by the parties involved, including the violence and tension between them. The text also mentions some positive developments, such as the release of Nelson Mandela and other political prisoners, which have opened up possibilities for the dismantling of the apartheid system.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, International relations