The basic areas of co-operation are: space physics, space meteorology, space communications, space biology and medicine, and· the study of the environment with the help of space vehicles. The co-operation takes various forms: the launch of space objects; the construction of apparatus; experiments flown on geophysical or meteorological rockets; joint observations and research; the holding of consultations and scientific meetings; the exchange of scientific and technological documents and information, etc. The rocket technology for the implementation of the joint programmes is provided principally by the USSR. In the course of the INTERCOSMOS programme, major scientific and technological results have been achieved in all the areas of research: fundamental discoveries have been made and unique instruments and devices have been built~ There has been a broad range of research in the area of space physics, including: the building and installation on spacecraft of scientific instruments; the creation of major equipment packages for scientific satellites; the processing of data from, and the creation of data base organization and support systems for space experiments; materials science in space and the development of specialized process equipment for use on board spacecraft. A network of observing stations has been built up in the countries participating in the programme and in a number of other States. The establishment at Dubna of the Dubna INTERCOSMOS International Experimental Centre for Satellite Communications is a substantial contribution to the efficiency of joint research. The Centre is intended for work in connection with the use of new frequency bands for satellite systems and television b~oadcasting. Under the Priroda and Geosistema projects, packages of onboard and ground-based devices for remote sensing of the Earth are being developed to resolve problems affecting the interests of many ·states. Flights by citizens of participating countries on Soviet spacecraft and 
**Analysis**
The text primarily focuses on the cooperation between countries in the field of space research and technology, highlighting the achievements and developments made in various areas such as space physics, space biology, and satellite communications. The emphasis on scientific and technological advancements, as well as the international collaboration, suggests that the category should be related to science and technology.

**Category**
Science and technology