Government andtheleaders ofthemajority ofitspopulation willdetermine their country's future. Indonesia ishopeful thatthepresent climate holdspromise for Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryJB/ll AJ44/PV.9S 42 (Mr.Sutresna, Indonesia) thedismantling ofapartheid. SouthMricahasnawwitnessed sweeping global changes. Fromthedramatic developments inEastern Europetothecollapse of colonialism andthemarchtoindependence ofthelastcolonyontheAfrican continent, thosehistoric eventswillundoubtedly increase pressure onPretoria to moveforward speed~ly towards thepeaceful abolition oftheAPartheid system. The Secretary-General inhislatestreportontheworkoftheOrganization aptlystated that: ,urheopportunity hasarrived forittochartacourageous newcoursethat willallayallfearsaboutitsintentandputanend,onceandforall,tothe oppression andviolence thatthesystemofinstitutionalized racial discrimination andminority ruleinevitably entails." (A/44/1, p.7) Weshouldremainvigilant inmonitorinq progress andthusfacilitate thetransition ofSouthAfricafromracialbigotry toasociety characterize~ ~yharmony. Itis inevitable thattheunitedefforts andperseverance ofthe~nternational community willsucceedinbreaking downthepillars ofapartheid andculminate inthe attainment ofademocratic andnon-racial society fortheSouthAfrican people. Mr.Q'OBRIEN (NewZealand): Ninemonthsago,atthesixteenth special session oftheGeneral Assembly, weunanimously endorsed aDeclaration onApartheid anditsDestructive Consequences inSouthern Africa. ThatDeclaration standsasa clearandunequivocal statement oftheinternational community's abhorrence ofthe systemofapartheid andanexpression ofourunitedwilltoencourage theSouth African Government speedily tobringapartheid toanend.Thisresumed session affords theopportunity tomaintain theinternational spotlight onapartheid, to consider developments inSouthAfrica, andtotakestockoftheimplementation of theDeclaration. Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryJB/ll Al44/PV.9S 43 (Mr.O'Brien, NewZealand) Itisimportant thatwedothatnow.Othermajorinternational eventsare preoccupying theUnitedNationsatthistime.Buttheymustnotbeallowed to distract usfromourobjective ofkeeping thepressure onSouthAfricatobreak clearly andunequivocally withtheshameful pastandtobringarapidendtothe apartheid system. TheNewZealand position isresolute. Weconsider thatapartheid remains an affront tohumandignity. Itbrutalizes thosewhoaresubject toitandthosewho enforceit.NewZealand rejects ~arth~id andallitstandsfor.Ourconviction flowsfromourexperience asamultiracial democratic society thatplacesparamount importance onthemaintenance andenhancement ofracerelations. Itisatask,as .weknow,thatrequires constant care,commitment andgoodwillbyallinsociety. Thereport'oftheSecretary-General's fact-finding teamprovides auseful basistotakestock.Itconcludes thatSouthAfricahasreached thethreshold ofa newerathatoffershopethatwaarewitnessing thebeginning ofaprocess that willleadtoamultiracial democratic SouthAfrica. NewZealand acknowledges thatsomeimportant changes haveoccurred inthepast ninemonths. Political prisoners havebeenreleased, political organizations have beenunbanned, theSeparate Amenities Acthasbeenabolished andthestateof emergency hasbeenendedinallareasexceptNatal. Twoimportant seriesoftalks haveconcluded successfully. NelsonMandela hasbeenfreed. ButNelsonMandela and80percentofhisfellowcountrymen arenotfreeto voteintheirowncountry. Theyremainsubject tothelegislative edictsthat shoreupthe~artheid system. Asseveral speakers havesaidbeforeme,the Internal Security Actstillprovides theSouthAfrican Government withthemeansto suppress blackpolitical opinion. Violence andtheintransigence ofright-wing extremists threaten toderailtheprocess onlyjustbegun. Inthatregard, we Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryJB/ll Al44/PV.9S 44-45 (Mr.O'Brien. NewZealand) reinforce theobservations madeintheSecretary-General's reportabouttheneed forconfidence-bui1dinq measures toreducepolitical-related violence, andaddress thesocialandeconomic problems facedbytheblackpopulation. ItistruethatPresident DeK1erkhassaidthatapartheid mustqo.Hehas committed hisGovernment torepea1inq the1eqis1ative pillars ofapart~~~. Some I. I
**Analysis**
This text appears to be focused on international relations, politics, and human rights, specifically the situation in South Africa and the efforts to end apartheid. The language used is formal and diplomatic, indicating that it is a document from the United Nations or a similar organization. The text discusses the impact of apartheid on the population, the role of the international community, and the need for peaceful and democratic solutions.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, International relations