inthemain,untouched. Thequestion is,willitsinevitable downfall beevenmore violent thanwhatwehavealready witnessed orcanwehelpremoveitrelatively peacefully? Eachdayofbloodshed inSouthAfricamakestheprospectEMS/7 A/40/PV.l7 20 (Mr.Hayden, Australia) ofmoderation mo~eremote. TheAustralian Government stillmaintains, however, thatitshouldtrypeaceful pressure whileitcantopersuade theSouthAfrican Government toabandon abarbaric systemwhichisinevitably heading formassive violence andjoinaworldwhichhasmorecivilized standards. Australia hassuspended newofficial investment inSouthAfricaandhas prohibited SouthAfrican Government investment inAustralia. Australian banksand otherfinancial institutions havebeenaskedtosuspend newloanstoborrowers in SouthAfrica. Wehavetakenstepstowithdraw ourTradeCommissioner fromSouth Africaandtowithdraw Government assistance toAustralians trading withSouth Africa. Australia willnolongerexporttoSouthAfricapetroleum products, computers andequipment knowntobeofusetoSouthAfrican security forces. We haveprohibited theimportofkrugerrands, allothercoinsmintedinSouthAfrica andmilitary supplies. Wehaveintroduced acodeofconduct forAustralian companies operating inSouthAfricawhichensuresthattheydonotprofitfromthe useofracistlabourlawsandpractices.JSM!mo A/40/PV.l7 21 (Mr.Hayden, AQstralia) Wearepreparing astrategy forthemeeting nextmonthoftheCommonwealth HeaasofGovernment tocontinue thispolicy. Wehaveinmindsetting upagroupof international authorities toworkoutt?·:posals forpeaceful transition inSouth Africaaswellasagroupwhichwillstudywaysinwhichnewinvestment inSouth Africacanbesuspended. TheAustra~ian Government, furthermore, isworking inthisOrganization fora worldwide, mandatory systemofeconomic sanctions. Weappreciate theconcern that somegovernments havethatsanctions willhurtblackSouthAfricans. Theyshould note,however, that bl~kSouthAfricans themselves arecalling forsuchsanctions, eventhoughtheycouldbeputtodeathfordoingso.TheSouthAfricans whowill suffermostfromsanctions willbetheprivileged whiteelitewhoarebenefiting mostfromtheapartheid system. Recentovertures bywhitebusinessmen toblack leaders indicate thatbusiness hasaclearer visionofreality thanthezealots in theSouthAfrican Government. Australia believes thatitisespecially important thatthosecountries whoaremajorinvestors inSouthAfricashouldtakeupan activeroleinthecampaign forsanctions forwhichAustralia willbeworking. ThecaseofNamibiaisaclosely-related problem. AsamemberoftheCouncil forNamibia andanationwithacloseinterest indecolonization, Australia is especially concerned atSouthAfrica's flagrant defiance oftheUnitedNations in thismatter. TheUnitedNations terminated SouthAfrica's mandate overNamibia nearly20yearsago.Itestablished theCouncil asthelegalAdministering Authority. UnitedNations resolutions setoutasimpleandworkable planforthe handover ofNamibia toitspeoplethrough freeelections. TheSouthAfrican Government's refusal todothishasledtoSouthAfrica's forcesrampaging intheir neighbours' territory andmurdering theirneighbours' citizens. Wecondemn South Africa's behaviour inthismatter, whichaddsanother reasonfortheSecurityJsM/me A/4Q/PV.17 22 (Mr.Hayden, Australia) Council imposing mandatory economic sanQtions onagovernment whichisrapidly running outofftiends u Nuclear disarmament isanexample ofanissueonwhichsignificant advance has been a~hieved; butnotsosignificant astodispelthefearthatmanypeoplehave aboutit.Byprogress, Imeansuchfundamentally important arrangements asthe Anti-Ballistic Missile TreatyandtheSALTIand11agr.eements. Ihaveespecially inmindthenon-proliferation TreatywheretheReviewConference endedits deliberations only10daysago.Thenon-proliferation Treatyhasmadean extraordinary contribwtion tostability inthenuclear age,providing security for allofus-signatories ornot.TheReviewCoaference itselfwasanencouraging example ofinternational co-operation. Treatypartners reaffirmed itsvalidity and strength. Buttheyalsoarguedthatitneedstobemoreeffectively implemented in suchkeyareasasthedevelopment ofthesafeguards regime. Theydrewattention to theurgentneedforarticle VIoftheTreatytobefully implement~d andtothe patticular responsibilities ofthenuclear-weapon States. Theagreement ona treatyforaSouthPacific nuclear-free zone,reached bymemberstatesoftheSouth Pacific forumlastmonth,waswelcomed attheconference. Nuclear-weapon States areinvitedto~dheretotherelevant protocols ofthisTreaty. Ofcourse, I
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a speech or statement made by an Australian government official, likely the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Hayden, discussing the country's stance on the situation in South Africa, particularly the apartheid system and the need for economic sanctions. The text focuses on the international community's role in addressing the crisis, highlighting Australia's efforts to pressure the South African government to abandon its racist policies and join the international community.

**Category**
International trade, Humanitarian aid and relief