increased heroinavailability together withavailability ofcocaine inkilo consignments. 18.Australia reported onthesuccessofintelligence unitsinMember States. Emphasis continued tobegiventoaccessing offinancial records as acountermeasure against drugtrafficking. TheAustralian Federal Policehad beengivenresponsibility forco-ordinating coastal surveillance against drug traffic. Thesecondment ofaCustomsofficer toworkagainst drugtraffic withtheAustralian Federal Policehadbeenmostsuccessful. Duringthelast yearAustralian courtshadhandeddownseverepenalties forpersons convicted ofdrugtrafficking. Thetechnique ofcontrolled delivery hadgenerally workedwellandwastobeencouraged; theposting ofliaison officers abroad hadalsoprovided excellent results inworkagainst thetraffic. 19.Therepresentative ofJapanoutlined thedevelopment ofthepresent wave ofmethamphetamine abusewithabusers beginning atayounger age.Thiswas themajorproblem inJapan. Annualstrategy guidelines wereestablished bya co-ordinating bodyoperating underthePrimeMinister's Office. These guidelines werethenadopted bylocalPrefecture Governments underCentral Government guidance. Present guidelines wereintended: toincrease public education oftheawareness ofthedangers ofdrugabuse; tostrengthen enforcement action, andtoestablish closerlinksbetween concerned agencies. Education inschools, homesandsociety atlargewasbeing supported byvolunteer rehabilitation workers and,inonespecial operation, acareful checkhadbeenmadeonover2,000handlers ofstimulant drug precursors toguardagainst leakage oCtheseprecursors forthemanufacture ofdrugsofabuse. 20.Thesemeasures wereallintended tocounter theactivity oforganized crimegroupswhichspreaddrugabuseinordertoobtainfunds. Therehad beenarecentmarkedchangeinthesources ofmethamphetamine smuggled into Japan. Until1983about15percentwassmuggled fromtheRepublic ofKorea and25percentfromTaiwan; in1984,85percantwasofTaiwanese origin. Anewtrendwastheincreased inwardsmuggling toJapanofcannabis, often alongthePhilippine ~oute. Therehadalsobeen58,000arrests in1983for contravention ofthelawsgoverning theabuseofsolvents' 88percentof solvent abusers werejuveniles andanumberofdeathshad'been ~ecorded.E/CN.11198S/9 page7 21.stimulants weresmuggled intoJapanbyairpassengers andcrewwhoused increasingly sophisticated meansofconcealment. Hew tr~nd8included smuggling incommercial aircargoandfreight andthelransfer ofsmuggled drugsfrom"mother ships"intosmallboats. Thereappeared tobelinks between inwarddrugsmuggling andthesmuggling offirearms. 22.Therepresentative ofHongKongdescribed consistent pressure from trafficking syndicates whichrapidly adjusted toenforcement aclivily to continue tosmuggle heroinbaseintoHongKongfromSouthEastAsia. Thai trawlers wereagainbeingusedinthetraffic andtherewasmorefrequent inwardsmuggling byairofsmallconsignments. Athreat fromsmuggling 1n containers undoubtedly existed, however enforcement actionhadreduced the nwmberofattempts atsmuggling byinternal concealment. Several attempts hadbeendelected tosmuggle opiates intransit through ChinaintoHongKong andsynthetic drugsandpsychotropic substances, including methaqualone, diverted fromlicitmanufacture inChina. Thesetrendswerebeingcountered bycloserliaison acrosstheborder between ChinaandHongKong. 23.HongKongwasoneofthemallYfreetradecentres whichcertainly attracted money-laundering operations andnewcountermeasures werenowbeing considered'by theauthorities. Othersuccessful countermeasures already takenhadbeenbasedontheconspiracy lawsofHongKong;thesehadenabled actiontobetakenagainst majorsyndicates whichhadbeenoperating since 1978.Controls overacetylating substances hadalsobeensuccessful; they wereundoubtedly oneofthereasons whytraffickers werenowimporting primarily heroinbasewhichwasrapidly andreadily transformed intoHo.3 heroininHongKong. 24.Therepresentative ofIndiadrewparticular attention tothefactthat whiledomestic seizures ofopiumandherbalcannabIs (ganja) haddecreased during1983,thoseofopiates entering Indiantercitorl acrossthe rndo-Pakistan borderconsistently increased. Opiumseizures acrossthis borderinIndiahadmorethandoubled between 1982and1983andwere maintained at8highlevelin1984. Asimilar situation existed inrespect ofheroinentering IndiafromtheHearandMiddleEast,mainly Paki~tan.
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the efforts of various countries, including Australia, Japan, Hong Kong, and India, to combat drug trafficking and drug-related crimes. It highlights the challenges posed by the increasing availability of drugs, the methods used by traffickers to smuggle drugs, and the measures taken by law enforcement agencies to counter these efforts. The text also touches on the links between drug trafficking and organized crime, as well as the impact of drug use on society.

**Category**
Health, International trade