increased both the risk of deliberate confrontation at sea, and the risk of unintentional incidents in the vast sea areas. JSM/gmr A/C.l/40/PV.4 12 (Mrs. Theorin, Sweden) The nuclear-arms race at sea has been largely neglected in multilateral disarmament negotiations. The new Convention on the Law of the Sea provides some new elements for discussing naval arms limitation and disarmament. In 1983, Sweden initiated a General Assembly resolution calling for a United Nations study on the naval arms race. The aim of the study was to facilitate "the identification of possible areas for disarmament and confidence-building measures". (General Assembly resolution 38/1886) The study, which was adopted by consensus by the group of governmental experts, is now before the General Assembly. In our view, the time has come to address maritime confidence-building measures and naval disarmament. I should like to mention some measures that, in Sweden's view, should be worked out without delay: First, long-range sea-based cruise missiles should be banned before they are produced in large numbers; Secondly, all tactical nuclear weapons on board warships should be taken ashore and not be on board on routine patrol; Thirdly, the legitimate claim of coastal states to reasonable "seaboard security" should be confirmed; Fourthly, the inalienable right of all States to the freedom of the seas should not be infringed upon by military activities; Fifthly, a modernization of the current laws of sea warfare should be undertaken. The vast consumption of material, technical and human resources for potentially destructive purposes is not only in sombre contrast to the want and poverty in which two-thirds of the world's population live, but is in itself also a source of international tension. A/C.l/40/PV.4 13 (Mrs. Theorin, Sweden) The impact of military expenditure on the world economic situation and on 
**Analysis**
The text primarily discusses the risks and consequences of the naval arms race, including the potential for deliberate confrontation and unintentional incidents at sea. It also touches on the economic and humanitarian implications of military expenditure. The text suggests that the focus should shift from military activities to confidence-building measures and disarmament, highlighting the importance of international cooperation and the need to address the disproportionate allocation of resources towards military purposes.

**Category**
International relations, Industry