obedience to lawful authority. These two categories are equivalent to EN exemptions andu-dfiffittefifi, but the dividing- line between the categories is not the same in each country. However, in the plural causes d'irresponsabilité, which is the generic term, can be translated as ^emptione and defences. Note 2. ES A cause of action means the grounds, i.e. facts, entitling a person to sue, i.e. giving him a right of action; it does not mean that right in itself; Martin; Halsbury vol. 37, 'Practice and Procedure', para. 20 cautio judicatum solvi = caution judicatwn solyi - 154 - F caution (BE, CB, FR, QU) 1. 2. (dr. civ., proc. pén.) garantie fournie pour l'exécution d'un engagement, appelée aussi garantie, sûreté (dr. civ.) personne qui s'engage par un cautionnement, appelée aussi fidéjusseur E 1. security - guarantee - suretyship* - bond - bail 2. surety - guarantor S 1. caución* - fianza** 2. fiador F caution conjointe E joint surety/guarantor S caución conjunta Petit Robert 1.; CH CDO 323 t££; p. ex. dépôt de caution, mettre en liberté sous CfliAUon. verser une cautiou Petit Robert 3.; Guillien: personne qui s'engage à garantir l'exécution d'un contrat par l'une des parties au profit de l'autre; BE CC 2011-2043, FR CC 2011-2043, CPCA 517-522 (abrogés), CH CDO 492 et s., LPFR 32, 35; QU CC 1962 For the distinction between these terms see note 11; SCO caution the security furnished, cautionary the name of the contract by which it is furnished; in both words caution is pronounced to rhyme with nation * QU CC 1929 See note 11; QU CC 1962; SCO cautioner Der..civ., proc. pen. * Ossorio; AR..., CL CC 46, CO CPP 459, CR..., ES CC 495, Ley Hipotecaria 8.2.1946, 41. LECR 785(8), GT CPP..., MX CPPDF 560, CFPP 402, 
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a legal document or a reference guide, discussing concepts related to law, contracts, and obligations. The language used is formal and technical, with references to specific laws, regulations, and legal terminology. The text does not seem to be related to economic development, natural resources, agriculture, forestry, fishing, industry, transport, communication, international trade, health, education, employment, humanitarian aid, or culture. However, it may be related to science and technology, as it discusses concepts like contracts and obligations, which are fundamental to many scientific and technological endeavors.

**Category**
Science and Technology