programme. In the 10 years between 1985 and 1995, 28 new prisons will have been built in England and Wales, 8 of which have now opened. Together with additions and improvements to existing establishments, 25,000 new places will have been added to the prison estate by the mid-1990s. Prison design has been rethought. A new prison design brief for training in prisons was published in March 1989 and will form the basis for all future prisons of this type. The new design lays stress on creating as normal an environment as possible within the demands of security and on encouraging relationships between prisoners and staff. The design combines what has been learned from Victorian, 1970s and "new generation" designs. The building programme also covers the refurbishment and modernization of existing establishments, including the upgrading of facilities, the creation of extra places and the provision of access to sanitation. 165. The provision of access to sanitation is a major objective of the present building programme, and all new prisons have in-cell sanitation. In February 1989, the Home Secretary announced that in-cell sanitation was to be installed in many existing cells during the next seven years. This programme, together with other refurbishment work already scheduled, will reduce the 22,000 places without access to sanitation to about 8,000 by the end of the century. To achieve this, the Prison Service is using a range of methods to install sanitation and, wherever possible, schemes are being used which do not involve the displacement of large numbers of inmates while the work is being done. Scotland 166. An extensive exercise is being carried out to identify existing deficiencies in the prison estate with a view to improving the standard of available accommodation. As in England and Wales, providing access to night sanitation is a priority and efforts will be made to provide for a majority of 
**Analysis**
The text discusses the development and modernization of the prison estate in England and Wales, including the building of new prisons, refurbishment of existing ones, and provision of access to sanitation. It does not mention any economic, environmental, or social benefits beyond the improvement of prison conditions. Therefore, it is likely that the category is related to the administration of justice or social welfare.

**Category**
Health, Employment