doms through independent national tribunals competent to deal with such matters. Article 8 All effective steps shall be taken immediately in the fields of teaching, education and information, with a view to eliminating racial discrimination and prejudice and promoting understanding, tolerance and friendship among nations and racial groups, as well as to propa­ gating the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and of the Declaration on the granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples. Article 9 1. All propaganda and organizations based on ideas or theories of the superiority of one race or group of persons of one colour or ethnic origin with a view to justifying or promoting racial discrimination in any form shall be severely condemned. 2. All incitement to or acts of violence, whether by individuals or organizations, against any race or group of persons of another colour or ethnic origin shall be considered an offence against society and punishable under law. 3. In order to put into effect the purposes and prin­ ciples of the present Declaration, all States shall take immediate and positive measures, including legislative and other measures, to prosecute and/or outlaw organi­ zations which promote or incite to racial discrimination, or incite to or use violence for purposes of discrimination based on race, colour or ethnic origin. Article 10 The United Nations, the specialized agencies, States and non-governmental organizations shall do all in their power to promote energetic action which, by combining legal and other practical measures, will make possible the abolition of all forms of racial discrimination. They shall, in particular, study the causes of such discrimina­ tion with a view to recommending appropriate and effec­ tive measures to combat and eliminate it. 19 Article 11 
**Analysis**
The text appears to focus on the elimination of racial discrimination and promoting understanding and friendship among nations and racial groups. It outlines measures to be taken by states, organizations, and individuals to combat racial discrimination, including education, information, and legal measures. The text does not seem to be related to economic development, natural resources, or specific industries, but rather addresses a social and human rights issue.

**Category**
Education, Humanitarian aid and relief