h. Public Ignorance of the potential ltles of science and exclusion of the mass of the people from contributing to the Innovation process; and I. Undue dependence on foreign technology and technical kn9w-how. Sporadic efforts have been made to deal with one or more of these deficiencies but. In the absence of an overal 1 wei 1 thought out science and technology pol Icy and plan, as an Integral part of national development plan, such efforts did not make desired Impact. Planning of science and technology for development Itself Is a relatively new concept. The preparation of an S&T Plan. as an Integral part of the socio-economic plan, can only stem from a purposeful pol Icy of science and technology which lays down directions for scientific efforts and Identifies areas of techno­ logical Improvements to subserve our national goals. An exercise to formulate a set of comprehensive proposals for the National Science and Technology Pol Icy has recently been concluded. The principles outlined In the VIenna Programme of Action on Science and Technology tor Development adopted at the UN Conference on Science and Technology for Development have been made se of while formulating the pol Icy proposals. The pol Icy has been framed after protracted discussion, deliberations and views of the concerned federal ministries, provincial' governments, national scientific and technological community. economists, social scien­tists and users of science and technology. This S&T Pol Icy has recently been approved by the Government of Pakistan In principle and It has been directed that an Action Plan for the Implementa­ tion of the proposals Included In the Pol Icy be prepared for approval of the Government. S&T POLICY -SALIENT FEATU~ES J 1 The National Science and Technology Pol Icy Include proposals ~ relating to Organization and Structure of Sc•ence and Technology. 
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the importance of a comprehensive science and technology policy for the development of a country, specifically Pakistan. It highlights the need for a coordinated effort to address the deficiencies in the current science and technology landscape, including public ignorance, dependence on foreign technology, and lack of planning. The text also mentions the formulation of a national science and technology policy, which has been approved by the government, and the preparation of an action plan for its implementation. This suggests that the category should be related to development and planning.

**Category**
Science and technology, Economic development