todaytoestablish beneficial co-operation tosavefuturegenerations fromthe threatofwar. Itwasthisnobleideathatinspired thesignersoftheSanFrancisco Charter, whocommitted themselves onbehalfofallthepeoplesoftheearth. Allthe principles andplansndoptedatthattimeretaintheirfullimportance today~as someofushave alre~dy stressed. Ifweglancebackoverthepast40yearsofourOrganization wehavetosay thatinaworldtornanddivided theUnitedNations hasnotbeenabletoprevent a wholeseriesofarmedconflicts invariouspartsoftheworld.Ithas,however, beenabletohelptoavertaworld-wide cataclysm byrepeatedly actingasabuffer between thevarious protagonists, offering themanadequate foruminwhichto discuss differences between nations andmachinery thathasattimesbeenusefulin mediating betweenbelligerents. Thereisincreasing agreement thattheUnitedNations isstilltheideal framework forthepeaceful settlement ofdifferences andconflicts between Members. Themajorproblems thatarisearetheresultofthemainweakness ofthesystem: thestructuras andmachinery inplacewouldbelargely operation~l ifthepoliticalSK/2l A/40/PV.5 88 (Mr.Nzeyimana rBUrundi) willexitedamongStatesrparticularly themostpowerful States, tofindapeaceful settlement todisputes. TheSecurity Council hastheprimaryroleinthemaintenance ofpeace. Severe criticism hasQftenbeenvoicedregarding itseffectiveness inputting anendto conflict situations andsomehaveadvocated areviewoftheChartertobringitup todate.Manynations couldplayamoreimportant rolethantheydoatpresent and equality between thedifferent nations couldbeachieved - asacredtenetofthe CharterofourOrganization. Ithasbecomeclearastimehaspassedthatthisvisionoftheworldwill unfortunately remainconfined totherealmofpiouswishesaslongascertain members oftheinternational community remainself-centred rthusweakening the multilateral roleofinternational relations. Dissatisfaction withregardtomultilateralism ismainlyduetoStatesthat arebasically concerned withtheirowninterests rrelegating tosecondplacethe idealsthatwereunanimously accepted in1945.Thisisamatterofserious concern tomydelegation rbecausethatattitude isaggravating thecrucial problems of today's worldrparticularly thoseofinternational peaceandsecuritYr justice and dignity amc29peoples andnationsrinternational co-operation andtheprogress of thehumanrace. Fo£tyyearsaftertheunitedNations wasfounded wehavecometounderstand thatweshall neve~attaintheseobjectives without thecombined effortsofall MemberStatesrparticularly ingua~anteeing thesocio-economic development ofthe StatesofAfrica, AsiaandLatinAmericarthepreservation oftheecological equilibrium oftheplanet, theexploration andpeaceful useoftheseasandofSK/21 A/40/PV.5 89 (Mr.Nzeyimana, Burundi) outerspace,andrespect forhumanrightsandfundamental freedoms without distinctions astorace,sex,language orreligion. Turningtocurrent concerna attheinternational level,weshouldfirstofall highlight thefactthat whereve~ onelookstheinternational political situation, ev~nviewedthrough adistorting viewpoint ofoptimism, stillcontains many are~s ofdeepconcern, tbemostiJlt)Ortant ofwhichareinthecontinent ofAfrica. I refertothedenialofhumanrightsinSouthAfricaandtheincomplate decolonizatian ofNamibia andWestern Sahara. Havinglongdefiedthenumerous appeals oftheGeneral Assembly, theSecurity Council, theOrgani~ation ofAfrican Unity(OM)andtheNon-Aligned Movement toendtheabhorrent practices of apartheid, SouthAfricasystematically defiestheuniversal consensus andstepsup itssystemofracialoppression, whichisalmostasoldasourO~ganization. Strengthened by_thealmostovertsupportofcertain powerfUl allieswhich enableittoactwithimpunity, theRepublic ofSouthAfricacontinues towage armedaggression a~ainst independent neighbouring States, inflagrant and deliberate violation oftheCharter oftheunitedNations andtheelementary norms ofinternational lawthatgoverntheconduct ofallStates. Theintention hasbeen todestablize thoseStatesandtosetuppu~petdgimes initsset'vice. Inthis context, wecondemn therecentattacks onAngolaandBotswana, whichhaveshocked theconscience ofmankind. Theestablishment ofastateofemergency andthestatement madelastAugust byPresident Bothaonthefutureoftheblackshavefurther complicated thealready complex problemofSouthAfrica. Despite manypertinent statements fromallsides calling ontheSecurity Councilfinally toexercise itsauthority andimpose comprehensive mandatory sanctions underChapter VIIoftheCharter, strategic interests andtheprospect oflosingtheenormous benefits thatthealliesenjoyas·Slt/21 A/40/Plf.5 90 (Mr.Nzeyimana, Burundi) aresultofthemaintenance oftheapartheid r6gimeseemunfortunately tohave
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a speech or statement by a representative of a country, likely from the African continent, addressing the United Nations General Assembly. The topic of the speech is the state of the world, highlighting the need for international cooperation to address global challenges such as war, poverty, and human rights violations. The speaker specifically criticizes the actions of South Africa, particularly its apartheid regime and its aggression towards neighboring countries. The speech also touches on the need for the United Nations to be more effective in maintaining international peace and security.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, International relations