as we have all learned from our exPeriences and mistakes. We have come to appreciate that fundamental structural change is needed to transform African economies and make them competitive in an increasingly competitive world. The adjustment efforts must be continued and the reforms broadened and deepened. The .journey will be long and difficult, and special measures are needed to alleviate poverty and protect the w lnerable." BCT/jg A/S-18/PV .6 46 (Mr. Obure, Kenya) In recognition of the efforts being undertaken by the African countries as they struggle against the overwhelming crisis, the General Assembly in June 1986 adopted the United Nations Programme of Action for African Economic Recovery and Development. The Programme embodied a commitment made by the African countries to rededicate themselves to proqrammes of economic development and structural reforms and a commitment by the international community to support those efforts. As the Secretary-General points out: "Soon ••• it became apparent that [the] implementation [of the Programme] was seriously handicapped by external financial constraints and that the economic stagnation and decline of many African countries was continuing." (A/AC~ 233/5 and Corr;.l, p. 10) The response of creditor and donor Governments was, however, commendable in showinq increasirn flexibility in negotiations with African countries, and in particular in the agreement reached during the Toronto summit conference of the major industrial countries. Progress will be achieved in Africa. Africa has the resources in its people and its material. Much, however, has to be done to put these resources into efficient productivity. The World Bank believes that, compared with the reqion's past performance, a target of at least 4 to 5 per cent in the annual growth of the economies of sub-Saharan Africa would be needed to achieve food security, provide employment and register a modest improvement in the livinq standards of the people, 
**Analysis**
The text primarily focuses on the economic challenges faced by African countries and the efforts being made to address them. It mentions the need for structural reforms, economic growth, and development, as well as the importance of international support. The text also touches on the need to alleviate poverty and protect vulnerable populations. These themes suggest that the text is more closely related to economic development and employment.

**Category**
Economic development, Employment