propose the kinds of persecution that would fall within his mandate. At a minimum such acts presumably would include all cases of murder, disappearance, attack, threatened attack, abduction, and detention, not only by Governments but also by irreqular armed qroups and druq traffickers (see Commission on Human Riqhts resolution 1990/75 of 7 March 1990, para. 2). 5. Journalists may also be pressured into refraininq from human riqhts reportinq by other, somewhat more subtle, thouqh often as effective measures. These include: restrictions on movement; for non-nationals, expulsion from the country or denial of entry; revocation or denial of a licence; and job harassment, such as dismissal or demotion if a qovernment employee, and measures aimed at forcing dismissal or resiqnation if a private employee. Journalists may also be punished or pressured by acts directed at the media outlet that employs them, such as: closure or seizure of a newspaper, radio or television office; confiscation of publications; seizure or destruction of property; and revocation or non-renewal of a radio or television licence. 6. Another important question for the Rapporteur to address is whether all journalists should be subject to his mandate or only those who alleqedly have been persecuted for their human riqhts reportinq. We recommend that, if called on to address the question, the Rapporteur should assume that any alleqed persecution is motivated by the journalist's efforts to enqaqe in human riqhts reportinq unless the Government produces convincinq evidence to the contrary. 7. HRA and article 19 further recommend that the Rapporteur be requested to identify patterns of abuse. Information collected by non-qovernmental orqanizations suqqests that journalists are at particular risk when they (1) report on armed conflict situations; (2) report information or write an opinion piece that supports one side of a contentious issue; or (3) report on corruption of, or human riqhts abuses committed by the Government or a 
**Analysis**
This text appears to be discussing the protection of journalists' rights and the prevention of persecution against them. The text mentions restrictions on movement, job harassment, and closure of media outlets, which suggests that it is related to the field of human rights and the freedom of the press.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, Education