broader opportunities formeeting thespiritual andmaterial needsofevery individual andofallmankind. Eventodaytheachievements ofscience, iftheyare usedforconstructive purposes, makeitpossible toresolve almostanyeconomic problem. However, theycanalsogenerate unprecedented dangers whenever theyare usedfordeveloping meansofannihilation anddeetruction. Inthecomplex andrapidly changing worldoftoday,whichisthesceneofa continuing struggle between theforcesofprogress andtheforcesofreaction, between theforcesofthefutureandthoseofthepast,thedevelopment of relations amongStates, inclUding themajorPowerspossessing thegreatest military potential, hasfollowed .~changing andattimeszigzagcourse. Aggravations of international tension havealternated withperiods whenthattension abated; international criseshavesprungupandhavebeenovercome, someofthembeingso acuteastobringmankind tothevergeofcatastrophe. Itwouldbefairtosay thatmanyatimewhentheinternational barometer hasforecast astormtheUnited Nations hasraiseditsvoiceinwarning andhasbeenabletotakepractical steps toreducethethreat. Thegreatest hopesforstablepeaceemerged inthe19708,whichwentdownin history asthedecadeofoetente. Detente wasba~edonthegeneral recognition thatitwasinadmissible inthenuclear agetoseektoattainpolitical and ideological goalsbymeansofwarandthatthepolicyofachieving themilitary superiority ofsomeStatesoverothersorofonesocialsystemoveranother was wronganddangerous. Thecountries ofthesocialist community andmanyotherStateshaveevery righttotakeprideinhavingbeenthearchitects andengineers ofd~tente. Yetin ___ --'I')L..- _NRlat A/IiO/PV.6 53<-55 (Ur.Shevardnadze, USSR) thelate1970sandearly19808theworldonceagainwitnessed asteppit'lq upofthe activities oftheforceswhichneversupported thepolicyofdetente andare.now seeking t;oundoitsmostimportant accomplishments. Asaresult, muchofthe systemofinternational relations isoutofjointandtheriskofwarhassharply Mydelegation wishestosetforththeviewsoftheSOVietunionregarding the reasons forthecurrent unfavourable development ofthesituation intheworldand waysofreuedying theexisting stateofaffairs. ItcanbereJ:ledied onlyifthere isanunderstanding, ashasbeenpointed outbyMikhail S.Gorbachev, ofthe 8realities andthedangers whichwewillinevitably facetomorrow iftodaythose ~~ocanandmusttaketheonlycorrect decision evadetheresponsibility incumbent onthem8• Weperceive thegreatest perilinthefactthatthenuclear armsracehas,at itwere,madeafreshstartandisforging ahead. Addedtothisthereisthe threatofthearmsracespreading toouterspace. Thereisagreatpossibility of thearmsraceacquiring anuncontrollable andirreversible character. Inthefinal analysis, thisistheroadleading toanuclear catastrophe. Itisalsoalarming thatoflateithasnotbeenpossible tosettle asingle regional conflict ortoeliminate .8sioglehotbedofmilitary tension. Inthe meantime theflamesof8local8wars,moreoftenthannotundeclared, havebeen responsible forthedeathsoftensofthousands, andindeedhundreds ofthousands. Mankind isSUffering through beingdeniedtheopportunity todealwithsuchurgent problems asthoserelating tofood,ecology, energy, population andtheconstantly widening economic gapbetween thedeveloped andthedeveloping countries.Ithas beendeniedthatopportunity because theintellectual andmaterial resources needed tofindaradical solution totheseproblems commontoallmankind arebeing squandered onthearmsrace. -----~---AP/gmr A/40jl?V ..6 56 (Hr..Shevardnadze, USSR) Notasingletwistinthearmsracespiralwasinitiated bytheSovietUnion.. Itisonlyinresponse toactionsoftheothersideandoutoflegit~.mate concern forourownsecurity andthatofourallies andfriends, concern forinternational e;H~rity asawhole;,thatwehavedeveloped or·aredeVeloping thisorthatweapon system. Moreover, asearlyas1946,theUnionofSovietSOcialist Republica proposed thatnuclear weapons shouldbebanr~edforalltime. Wehavebeenadvocating this eversince,andthisremains ourposition now.wehavebeenproposing andcontinue topropose thatagreement shouldbereached onrenouncing allweaponsofmass destruction, reducing andtotallyeliminating theirexisting stockpiles, and cutting downarmedforcesandconventional armaments. Ourcountry hascomeout withaproposal ongeneral andcomplete disarmament understrictinternational control. Theseradical proposals haveyettobeimplemented, anditistheUnited StatesandsomeotherNATOcountries, ratherthantheSovietunion,thatareto blameforthisfact. Itisprecisely because oftheirrefusal tofollowtheexample oftheSoviet UnionandthePeople's Republic ofChina, whichhasalsounilaterally pledged not tobethefirsttousenuclear weapons, thatthethreatofnuclear warcontinues to hangovertheworld. Nonetheless,duetothevigorous efforts oftheSovietUnionandother
**Analysis**
The text primarily discusses the development of international relations, the arms race, and the potential consequences of nuclear war. It also touches on the importance of addressing global issues such as economic inequality, food, ecology, energy, and population. The text does not focus on specific economic sectors, natural resources, or environmental issues, but rather on the broader implications of international relations on global stability and security.

**Category**
International relations, Science and technology