immediateandunconditionalimplemen tationofSecurityCouncil resolution 435(1978), whichconstitutes theonlybasisforapeacefUl settlement ofthe •AW/rd A/40/PV~lO 52 (Mr.Khan,India) Namibian question. Onceagain,SouthAfricahasspurned thatcall.Itis incumbent ontheCouncil tomeetagain. ItisclearthatSouthAfricacouldnothavepersisted initsdefiance ofthe willoftheinternational community forsolongbutforthediplomatic andmoral support andthewide-ranging collaboration intheeconomic, military, nuclear and otherfieldsthat.ithasbeenreceiving fromitsfriends andallies. Thepursuit ofapartheid, th~occupation ofNamibia, andtherepeated actsofaggression against independent African States, jointly andseverally, allconstitute threats topeace. YettheSecurity Council haa,timeandagain,beenparalysed into inaction onaccountofvetoescastbyoneormoreofitspermanent members against mandatory measures aimedatthetotalisolation ofSouthAfrica. ThePretoria regimeisbeyondpersuasion. Clearly, policies suchasthoseof"constructive engagement" havefailed. Comprehensive mandatory sanctions underChapter V!Iof theUni~edNations ChQ~~er aretheonlyanswer. Meanwhile, Stateshaveamoral dutytoseveralllinkswitnPretoria. Therecentupsurge ofpUblicopinion in manypartsoftheworldformoreresolute actionagainst SouthAfricaisawelcome development. Mycountry isproudtohaveledthewayin1946,whenwebecamethe firstvoluntarily toimposecomprehensive sanctions against southAfrica. Nearertoourownshores, thedestabilising andescalating great-Power military presence intheIndianOceancausesusgreatconcern. Onlythe elimination ofsuchpresence canenablethenations oftheareatoshapetheirown destinies without hindrance ormilitary tutelage frombeyondtheirterritorial boundaries. The1971Declaration adopted bytheUnitedNations laiddownthe objective ofazoneofpeaceintheIndianOceanarea,whichisuniversally supported byallnon-aligned Statesoftheregion. TheseStates nowcallforthe earlyconvening in1986ofaconference ontheIndianOceaninColombo inorderto achieve therealization oftheobjectives oftheDeclaration. Theparticipation of allthegreatPowersatsuchaconference iscrucial, indeedindispensable, toitsIAW/rd A/40/PV.10 53 (Mr.Khan,India) allthegreatPowersatsuchaconference iscrucial, indeedindispensable, toits success. Thepresence ofmilitary bases,command structures andotherformsof military presence against theexpress wishesofthecountries oftheareaonlyadd tothetensions already prevailing intheIndianOCeanlittoral andshouldbe progressively reduced andeliminated. Meanwhile, inourownneighbourhood, thecountries ofSouthAsiahaveembarked onaprocessofregional co-operation whichholdsoutsignificant prospects forthe betterment ofourpeoples. Itisimportant thatthesedevelopments arenot adversely affected bythepolitical andmilitary factors involving theintroduction ofsophisticated armsserving external strategic interests. Aswehaverepeatedly stressed, itisnecessary thattheexisting thresholds arenotcrossed ornew elements ofcontroversy introduced whichcouldadversely affectthesecurity environment inourneighbourhood. We,forourpart,arecommitted topromoting goodneighbourliness andharmonious relations inthearea.Itisinthisspirit thatwelookforward tothefirstsummitmeeting oftheSouthAsiaRegional Cooperation organization inDecember thisyearinDhaka. Oursolidarity withthestruggle ofthePalestinian peopleunderthe leadership ofthePalestine Liberation Organization (PLO)tosecurethe establishment ofanindependent StateinPalestine andthereturnofthe Palestinian andArabterritories occupied byIsrael hasbeenawell-recognised plankinth~non-aligned platform. TheplightofthePalestinians todayisindeed oneofthesupreme tragedies ofhistory. Fewpeople havebeenmoresystematically brutalized, oppressed orhumiliated intheirownlands. Thedispersal ofthe heroicPalestinians willnotweakentheirwilltofightfortheirinalienable rights. Norwillitbringpeacetothearea.OCcupation oflandbelonging toits neighbours willnotguarantee Israelitssecurity. Thereisnowanincreasing understanding ofthefactthatnocomprehensive solution oftheproblem intheNII/r:d A/40/PV.10 54-55 (Mr:.Khan,IndJ!) MiddleEastisattainable without theactiveinvolveaent ofthePLO,thesoleand aUthentic r:epr:esentative ofthePalestinian people. AcOIllPr:ehensive solution of tbequestiun oar.01.11'beaenleveci byaforward-looking approach basedona ~ecognition oftherealities ofthePalestinian righttoanindependent Stateand therightofalltheStatesoftheregiontoliveinpeacewithinsecure internation:al frontiers. Anysuchsolution mustcOlllPrise thetotaland
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a speech or statement by a representative of a country, likely India, addressing the United Nations Security Council. The speaker is discussing various international issues, including the Namibian question, apartheid, and the Indian Ocean region. The speech also touches on regional cooperation, Palestinian rights, and the need for a comprehensive solution to the Middle East conflict. The tone is critical of certain countries and regimes, such as South Africa and Israel, and emphasizes the importance of international cooperation and solidarity.

**Category**
International relations, Humanitarian aid and relief