social groupings within which most consumption was carried out. The effects of tax and transfer payments should be taken into account. Indicators of income should give trends of real income and be adjusted to constant prices. 74. In cases where dual economies coexisted such as in most ESCAP countries with a large proportion of the economically active population engaged primarily or exclusively in non-market sectors of the economy, it became necessary to develop estimates of disposable household income from· sources other than reported earnings and other income sources. In those cases, it was useful to develop such estimates from an examina­ tion of consumption expenditures. Data on the proportional distribution of consumption expenditures for a specified number of basic necessities may also have yielded more valid estimates of the proportion of the population that lived at or below some established poverty threshold than could be obtained from statistics on income distribution alone. 18 75. The Group suggested that health indicators should measure (a) length of life, (b) healthfulness of life, (c) quality of health care, · (d) delivery of health care, and (e) social integration of the disabled. It was also agreed that 'it would be desirable to measure health in terms of its contribution to developmental efforts as well as in terms of its role as a social goal. Because good health was a complex phenomenon which was difficult to define with precision, it was observed that health indicators were often ambiguous and normative. Interpretation could be complicated because mortality beyond the first year of life was inversely related to morbidity. For that reason, life expectancy should be broken down into an infant mortality rate and expectation of life at age one. Interpretation of health indicators was also made difficult because the determinates of health trends were not always known. 
**Analysis**
The text discusses the importance of considering various factors, such as tax and transfer payments, when measuring income and poverty. It also touches on the topic of health indicators, including the measurement of life expectancy, morbidity, and quality of healthcare. These topics are likely related to broader issues of economic development and social welfare.

**Category**
Economic development, Health