analysis ofglobal economic developments willhelpidentify problems tobe addressed through enhanced international co-operation. 12.6Oneoftheprincipal characteristics oftheworldeconomy atthepresent time thatwillpersist inthenextdecadeisthepressure ofstructural change. Amajor causeoftheneedforstructural adjustment istherapidemergence ofnew technologies andtheneedtoabsorb them.Thisprocess ishampered by uncertainties aboutfuturemonetary andfinancial conditions, whichinfluence trade andcapital flowsandthepatterns ofcomparative advantage. Analysis and experience inthatfieldwillhelpprovide thebasisforappropriate policy recommendations. 12.7Newinstitutions andchanges inattitudes, aswellastherapidevolution of telecommunications, willconsiderably affectthepaceofsocial development. At thesametime,theprocess ofstructural changes andadjustment inalleconomies willhaveprofound effects onthesocialsituation. Thedeterioration insocial conditions indeveloping countries thattookplaceduring the1980swillneedtobe arrested andreversed. Thereisanactivesearchfornewparadigms ofdevelopment andgovernance inanumberofcountries inEastern Europe. Changes infundamental socialinstitutions indeveloped market economy countries havebrought tothe forefront newexpectations regarding social development activities. Inthe1990s, thecritical roleofthedevelopment ofhumanresources inthesocio-economic development process willbere-examined toseekmoreintegrated approaches toall aspects ofhumanresources development, anessential pre-condition fordevelopment andtheultimate aimofdevelopment. Furthermore, newdiseases suchasAIDS,new patterns ofdisease indeveloping countries aspopulations growolder, andtheneed foreliminating illiteracy andforreviewing thecontent ofeducation inaperiod ofsocial advances intechnology willbeamongthemajorsocialchallenges inthe 1990s. Newapproaches toredress theseverity ofproblems ofpoverty, malnutrition, inadequate housing andsanitary facilities willbeimportant considerations inthesocialpolicies ofmanycountries, inparticular, developing countries. Policies toreducegrossinequalities inconditions ofwell-being, in accesstoservices andinopportunities forbetterment ofallgroups, partiCUlarly thosethathavebeendisadvantaged, willcontinue tobeofsignificance inthe 1990s. Policies forsocial development willcontinue tocompete forlimited resources, bothdomestic andforeign, especially giventheserious constraints reSUlting fromthedebtcrisis. Itisexpected thatsomereliefinthesocial sector maybebrought aboutbythetrendtoreallocate resources fromdisarmament tothesocialareas. 12.8Political andeconomic changes ofhistorical scopeareoccurring incountries thathavebeguntoundertake atransition fromcentral planning toagreater reliance ondecentralized economic decision-making andhavesoughtgreater integration intherestoftheworldeconomy. -4-12.5Theglobal economy wassubjected tomanyshocksduringthe19805. Increased uncertainty andinstability ofkeyvariables, whichhaveamajorimpact onthe economies ofallcountries, inparticular thedeveloping countries, havemadeits futurecourse moreunpredictable. Theinterrelationships between trade, moneyand finance andthepolicies pursued bymajorindustrial countries arekeyfactors that influence theinternational economic environment. Greater stability ofthose variables, through enhanced co-ordination andconsistency inpolicies, thegradual elimination ofexternal andinternal imbalances andbettersurveillance through strengthened international tradeandfinancial regimes willremainmajorobjectives oftheinternational community intheyearstocome. Aclosemonitoring and analysis ofglobal economic developments willhelpidentify problems tobe addressed through enhanced international co-operation. 12.6Oneoftheprincipal characteristics oftheworldeconomy atthepresent time thatwillpersist inthenextdecadeisthepressure ofstructural change. Amajor causeoftheneedforstructural adjustment istherapidemergence ofnew technologies andtheneedtoabsorb them.Thisprocess ishampered by uncertainties aboutfuturemonetary andfinancial conditions, whichinfluence trade
**Analysis**
The text discusses global economic developments, structural changes, and their impact on social development, governance, and human resources. It highlights the need for international cooperation, policy recommendations, and the importance of addressing social challenges such as poverty, malnutrition, and illiteracy. The text also touches on the role of technology, telecommunications, and disease in shaping the global economy and social development.

**Category**
Economic development, International trade, Health, Education