119. As mentioned earlier, the military price indexes can be used to extrapolate 1/ approximate military PPPs for the years of 1980 and 1981 on the basis of those arrived at for 1982. This is done by multiplying the PPP for each country with the price index of that country and by dividing it with the price index of the United States. These extrapolated PPPs for 1980 and 1981 are shown in table 12 together with the basic PPPs of 1982. For reasons of comparison, the table also shows the average exchange rates as published by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and PPPs for gross domestic product (GDP) as calculated by QECD. 120. There is no simple pattern to be found in table 12 with regard to the differences between exchange rates and military PPPs among the countries in one par titular year. The differences between the military PPPS and the PPPs for GDP are not comparable in absolute terms because the overall value of the currency of the United States is assumed to be 1.0 for each Set Of PPPS. It is, however, clear from table 12 that, while both the GDP and the military PPP8 have remained rather stable over time, the exchange rates have changed considerably reflecting the rapid increase in the dollar rate which took place during these three years and also continued afterwards. The sometimes great differences between the exchange rates and the PPPs indicate the usefulness of the PPP method for comparing economic aggregates among countries. / . . . A/40/421 English Paqe 46 Table 11. Military PPPs of 1982 as constructed by the Grog (a) PPPs for total expenditures and major categories Participating States Australia Austria Finland Italy Norway Sweden United Kingdom United States Participating States Australia Austria Finland Italy Norway Sweden United Kingdom 
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the comparison of economic aggregates among countries, specifically the differences between military price indexes and exchange rates. It seems to be focused on the methodology and results of calculating Purchasing Power Parities (PPPs) for military expenditures, and how these compare to PPPs for Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The text does not seem to be discussing any specific economic development, natural resources, or environmental issues.

**Category**
International trade, Economics