provided to Thailand. In 1984. the major sources of external financing In rank order are USAIO, Colombo Plan. European Economic Community. United Nations, Third countries, ASEAN and other foundations. TECHNOLOGY FORECAST, EVALUATION AND TRANSFER Inflow of new machinery and techno!og(es Foreign technology rapidly flows forms. mostly In the joint venture. 1~1 Into Thailand In various especially during the last decades. In a Joint-venture, the local partners usually provide a larger part of the capital. while the foreign partners supply the technologies, capital. market and In most cases, trademark. If the Investment Is purely local, the technology Is normally purchased on a turn-key basis ~lth or without licensing agreement. Experts are normally attached as a part of the deaf, for a certain prlod to train local personnel. Technology Import can also appear In the form of engineering consulting service such as In the case of natural gas projects, or In the form of purchased unit technologies such as Industrial machines and equipment. lnstltytlons dealing with technology forecast. eyalyatipn and transfer The national centre for technology transfer In Thailand Is Technology Transfer Centre, a division of the Office of the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Science, Technology and Energy. It acts as a promotional, advisory and training agency In the activities related to technology acquisition, development, adaptation I lcens!ng, negotiation, selection, forecast, evaluation and transfer. Besides the Technology Transfer Centre, the other Institutions Involved In technology transfer are Patents and Trade Mack Division <under the Ministry of Commerce). Board of Investment, Bank of Thailand and various research and development Institutions In universities, private and government sectors. The major constraints related to technology forecast, evaluation and transfer concern with the supporting Infrastructure, raw materials, capital, manpower, environment, marketing and law. Emerging tesbnologles At present, the emerging technologies In Thailand ace In the fields of biotechnology, material science and metallurgy, as well 
**Analysis**
The text primarily focuses on the flow of technology and foreign investment into Thailand, highlighting the major sources of external financing, the role of joint ventures, and the institutions involved in technology transfer. It also touches on the constraints and emerging technologies in the country. Given the emphasis on technology transfer, foreign investment, and economic development, it appears that the text is more relevant to the field of economic development.

**Category**
Economic development, Industry