them. Thirdly, the new, research-Intensive production of the future Is taking shape before our very eyes. Evidently, we should take seriously the conclusion of the recent 4th general Conference of UNIDO which predlcted.that In the future the watershed between the developed and developing countries would be determined first of all by the possession of the Indigenous scientific capabll ltles (3). These capabilities are necessary, among other things. so that the developing countries could Independently get access to such modern, frontier achlvements as biotechnology and microelectronics. Otherwise they wll I have to Import those achievements again. And the technological Imports are already approaching. It seems, the limit of payback p o s s I b I I I t I e s • T h e de v e I o p I n g co u n t r I e s h av e to s p e n d an n ua I I y about 35,000 million dollars (4) on It together with technical services, and this begins to tell noticeably on their balance of payments. Logically, the question arises as to what the Indigenous research and development capabilities mean and where the reasonable limits lie of combining them with Imports. Evidently, the notion of the capabilities embraces the research and develop­ ment Infrastructure. scientific personnel, a substantive scienti­fic and technological pol Icy, an authoritative body ensuring Its Implementation, sufficient financing, and scientific and techno­ logical plans closely co-ordinated with general development programmes. It Is also Important that In the social aspect those plans and policies should take Into account the Interests of elI the sections of population, Including rural end urban marginal groups and women, and help the developing countries restore their Intellectual heritage. As for the combination with Imports, what 
**Analysis**
The text discusses the future of production and the importance of indigenous scientific capabilities in developing countries. It highlights the need for these countries to invest in research and development to access modern technologies and avoid dependence on imports. The text also touches on the social and economic implications of this development.

**Category**
Economic development, Industry, Science and technology