5.Anyunpaidassessments pertaining totheregular budgetandto peace-keeping operations whichhavenotbeencharacteriZed by~niberStates aswithholdings onthebasisofpositions ofprinciple aretherefore excluded fromtheestinate oftheshort-term deficit (seepara.8below). 6.Thecombined short-term deficit, sodefined andprojected to 31December 1990,iscurrently estinated at$260.7million, compared withan estinated $315.0million for1989.Thedecrease ofanestinated $54.3 million between 1989and1990results from:(a)thepayment infullbyfour MemberStatesandpartial payment byoneMeniberStateofamounts previously withheld fromtheirassessed contributions totheregular budget; (b)the partial payment byeightMemberstatesofamounts previously withheld from theirassessed contributions topeace-keeping operations~ and(c)an increase intheleveloftheSpecial Account resulting frominterest earned onthebalance available intheAccount. 7.AnnexIItracestheevolution oftheshort-term deficit since1974. /... Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryA/C.5/45/17 English Page3 8.Inaddition tothisshort-term deficit, largely duetowithholdings by MemberStatesonthebasisoffX)sitionsofprinciple oftheirassessed contributions bothfortheregular budgetandforr.eace-keeping oPerations financed byassessed contributions, thefinancial dl~ficulties ofthe organization areexacerbated bynon-payment ordelaysinpayment byanUIriber ofM=mberStatesofassessed contributions totheregular budgetandto Peace-keeping operations. Asindicated inparagraphs 11to19below,the levelofoutstanding contributions totheregular budgetandto Peace-keeping operations financed byassessed contributions hascontinued to increase dramatically. 9.Inrespect ofpeace-keeping c:perations financed byassessed contributions, itisestima.ted thatasat31~cember 1990,unpaiddebtsto t-1emberStateswhichhaveParticipatf'd inPeace-keeping cperations under agreements withtheUnitedNations t1'l.atprovided forreimbursement forthe services rendered, ma.inlyprovision oftroops, willamounttosome $272million. Thus,thetroop-contributing M:mberStatescontinue tobear thefullburdenoftheeffectoftheshortfall inpayments ofassessed contributions forpeace-keeping OPerations. 10.Ashortfall inpayments totheregular bUdget, whether dueto withholdings ortodelaysinthepayment ofassessments, results inan inunediate cashshortage inrespect oftheday-to-day needsofthe organization. Giventhema.gnitude ofthetotalshortfall inpayments tothe regular bUdget, othersources offundingarerequired IrDstofthetimeto meetday-to-day cashrequirements, ma.inlyforpayroll andpayment to vendors. Inordertomeettheseobligations, theOrganization hasusedthe fundsavailable inthew:>rking capital Fund($100million) aswellasinthe Special Account (estima.ted atsane$123million by31December 1990)and,in addition, theanounts realized fromthesuspension offinancial regulations 4.3,4.4and5.2(d)inrespect oftheregular budget, whenavailable (see paras. 20to25below). Ithasalsobeennecessary onoccasions toresort totemporary borrowing fromPeace-keeping andotherfundstomeetsaneof thecashrequirements fortheregular budget. B.Payment ofassessed contributions totheregular budget 11.Thelevelofunpaidassessed contributions, whether causedbypast wit.hhJl.dings orlatepayments, hasincreased exponentially overthepast 10years,assho.minfigure1below: /.,..A/C.5/45/17 English Page3 8.Inaddition tothisshort-term deficit, largely duetowithholdings by MemberStatesonthebasisoffX)sitionsofprinciple oftheirassessed contributions bothfortheregular budgetandforr.eace-keeping oPerations financed byassessed contributions, thefinancial dl~ficulties ofthe organization areexacerbated bynon-payment ordelaysinpayment byanUIriber ofM=mberStatesofassessed contributions totheregular budgetandto Peace-keeping operations. Asindicated inparagraphs 11to19below,the levelofoutstanding contributions totheregular budgetandto Peace-keeping operations financed byassessed contributions hascontinued to increase dramatically. 9.Inrespect ofpeace-keeping c:perations financed byassessed contributions, itisestima.ted thatasat31~cember 1990,unpaiddebtsto
**Analysis**
This text appears to be discussing the financial difficulties of the United Nations, specifically the short-term deficit and unpaid contributions from member states. The text highlights the impact of these financial difficulties on the organization's ability to meet its day-to-day needs and provides statistics on the level of outstanding contributions.

**Category**
International trade, Humanitarian aid and relief