Theirderivatives, thematic maps,provide aneconomically viableaidinlanduse andintheassessment ofgovernmental income fromland(cadastral surveying and landinformation systems); theirassistance toland,airandseatransportation is alsoevident (aeronautical andhydrographic charting). Thereisalackof technical personnel, training facilities, modern equipment andmaintenance facilities and,aboveall,alackofknowledge innewfields, suchastheuseof satellites forgeodesy andremote sensing, andthenewmapping production techniques. Inparticular theroleofglobalpositioning systems andofgeographic information systems istobestressed, aswellasthegrowing importance ofdigital databases. Attheinternational level,co-operation isneededforgreater efficiency inthepreparation ofregional maps,thestandardization ofgeographical namesandtheexchange ofnewtechnologies -especially, whenever possible, among developing countries. 19.44 Theobjective ofthesubprogramme istoassist Governments, particularly thoseofdeveloping countries, intheapplication ofthelatesttechnology in cartographic dataacquisition, compilation, storage andpresentation asatool f~r planning economic andsocial development andinstrengthening orestablishing various cartographic, cadastral andhydrographic services, inclUding geographical namesauthorities. (b)CourseofactionoftheSecretariat 19.45 Theactivities ofthesubprogramme include promoting theexchange of technical knowledge andexperience andproviding support fortechnical co-operation activities. Substantive servicing ofUnitedNations conferences oncartography and -10-(1)Mineral right/concession/title computerization; (m)Mineral development planning; (n)Non-metallic mineral andconstruction material evaluation anddevelopment; chemJ.'callaboratory andothersupportfacilities formineral(0)Ugrading exploration; (p)Reorganization, streamlining andrehabilitation ofgovernment mineral organizations andStateenterprise management; (q)Organization ofworkshops, seminars andsymposiums, asrequired; (r)Technical advice onsmall-scale mining(regulations, technical assistance) . SUBPROGRAMME 4.SURVEYING, MAPPING ANDINTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION INCARTOGRAPHY (a)Objectives 19.42 Thelegislative authority forthesubprogramme derives fromEconomic and SocialCouncil resolutions 131(VI),·715A(XXVII), 814(XXXI) and1989/116. 19.43Topographic basemapsandnautical andbathymetric chartsareneededprior toexploration andexploitation ofmineral andothernatural resources; theyare essential fortheinfrastructure ofanycountry andarecontinually usedalsoasa baseforstatistical andadministrative dataandforplanned urbandevelopment. Theirderivatives, thematic maps,provide aneconomically viableaidinlanduse andintheassessment ofgovernmental income fromland(cadastral surveying and landinformation systems); theirassistance toland,airandseatransportation is alsoevident (aeronautical andhydrographic charting). Thereisalackof technical personnel, training facilities, modern equipment andmaintenance facilities and,aboveall,alackofknowledge innewfields, suchastheuseof satellites forgeodesy andremote sensing, andthenewmapping production techniques. Inparticular theroleofglobalpositioning systems andofgeographic information systems istobestressed, aswellasthegrowing importance ofdigital databases. Attheinternational level,co-operation isneededforgreater efficiency inthepreparation ofregional maps,thestandardization ofgeographical namesandtheexchange ofnewtechnologies -especially, whenever possible, among developing countries. 19.44 Theobjective ofthesubprogramme istoassist Governments, particularly thoseofdeveloping countries, intheapplication ofthelatesttechnology in cartographic dataacquisition, compilation, storage andpresentation asatool f~r planning economic andsocial development andinstrengthening orestablishing various cartographic, cadastral andhydrographic services, inclUding geographical namesauthorities. (b)CourseofactionoftheSecretariat 19.45 Theactivities ofthesubprogramme include promoting theexchange of
**Analysis**
This text appears to be focused on the use of technology in cartography and geography to support economic development, particularly in developing countries. It highlights the importance of mapping and surveying in planning and decision-making, and the need for technical assistance and cooperation to improve the capabilities of countries in these areas.

**Category**
Economic development, Science and technology