achieved, we must not lose sight of the fact that wars, bloodshed and conflicts have not ceased for a single day in the past 40 years in different areas of the world, and that the peace and security we have now are neither durable nor universal. The realization of the purposes as set forth in the United Nations Charter remains far distant and the principles of the Charter are still being trampled upon. Aggression, expansion and occupation by armed forces have not been effectively checked. The hot spots are still smouldering. The arms race for military supremacy is continuing with full speed. AW/gmr A/C.l/40/PV.B 46 (Mr. Qian Jiadong, China) Little progress has been made on either nuclear or conventional disarmament, which have been on the agenda of the United Nations ever since its inception. Conventional disarmament remains a thing on paper. Conventional weapons have not only greatly increased in number, but also become much more lethal than ever before. Countless lives are taken daily in conventional wars. According to incomplete statistics, death tolls of conventional wars since the Second world war have exceeded 20 million. In the field of nuclear disarmament, partial measures have failed to bring about an actual reduction of nuclear arms. The nuclear weapons of the two super-Powers have developed so much that both in terms of quantity and quality, they are now in a totally different order of magnitude compared to the earlier weapons. What is more, the arms race is even extending into outer space. Just as the emergence of nuclear weapons has not brought about a reduction or elimination of conventional weapons, the development of space weapons will not lead to a reduction . or elimination of nuclear weapons. On the contrary, it will only make disarmament more difficult and complicated. Progress on banning 
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the state of international relations, peace, and security, highlighting the ongoing conflicts, arms race, and lack of progress in disarmament. It emphasizes the importance of addressing these issues to achieve lasting peace and security.

**Category**
International relations, Humanitarian aid and relief