whentheactions oftheSouthAfrican Government le~dtoclearandirreversible change, onlywhensignificant progress ismadetowards thecomplete dismantling of apartheid, cantheinternational community contemplate achangeinitsapproach. WewaitforthedaywhenthepeopleofSouthAfricathemselves askustorelaxand liftthesanctions nowbeingundertaken. Thatday,wehope,iscomingverymuch closer. Butithasnotyetarrived. Mr.BXKQV(UnionofSoviet Socialis~ Republics) (interpretation from Russian): Byitsunanimous adoption oftheDeclaration onApartheid andits Destructive Consequences inSouthern AfricatheGeneral Assembly atitssixteenth special session expressed thecommonposition oftheinternational community ia ~avourofapeaceful solution totheproblems ofSouthAfricaandinfavourofthe earliest possible elimination ofepartheid bypolitical meansthrough neqotiation~. Thedecisions takenatthesixteenth special session aresoimportant that theydeserve tobeviewedasamilestone ontheroadtowards theelimination of epartheid. Thecomprehensive programme ofactioncontained intheDeclaration is oriented towardspractical actions todismantle thesystemofepartheid andtoturn SouthAfricaintoademocratic, non-racial State. Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryFMB/1S Al44/PV.9S 76 (Mt.Bytoy,USSR) Theconftensus reachedatthesession vaspossible because oftheinfluence of theprofound positive changes oecurring intheworld.Itreflects thegrowiag commitment ofCbeinternntional community totheprinciples ofthenewpoliti~al thinking asserting theprimacy ofcommonuniversal valuesleadingto democratization andde-idealization ofinternational relations andfavouring the searchforpeaceful 'solutions toconflicts andproblems onthebasisofthebalance ofinterests ofallStates. Inthesouthern African region, whereonlyrecently thesituation hadseemed intractable, majorfundamental changes areoccurring andtherearetangible signs ofthenewpolitical thinking. Whathasbecomeclearisthedangerandfutility ?f coercive military methods ofdetermining relations between Statesordifferent political forces.. Realpossibilities haveemerged ofdismantling thesystemof apartheid inSouthAfricabypeaceful meansthrough productive negotiations between theGovernment andtheopposition. There h~sbeenasubstantial improvement inthe situation because ofthesuccessful resolutiou oftheNamibian p~oblem andthe emergence ofanindependent democratic Namibia. Thebringing aboutofasettlement inNamibia hasconvincingly demonstrated theeffectiveness ofpolitical, peaceful meansandtheenhanced roleoftheUnited Nations, andisanencouraging example fortheprocess ofdialogue forthefuture ofSouthAfrica. Theevilofthepolicyandpractice of~theid islimitless, asareits victims andthesuffering ithasbrought andcontinues tobringtothepeople. It hasbeenquiteproperly described as&crimeagainst theconscience anddignity of mankind. Thesystemofepartheid inSouthAfricaistheprimecauseandabreeding groundforconflict insouthern Africa, andunlessitiseliminated therecanbeno normalization ofthesituation inthearea. Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryFMB/l8 Al44/PV.98 77 (Mr.BykQY,USSR) TherepQrtQftheSecretary-General QntheprQgress aChieved inthe implementatiQn QftheDeclaratiQn, nowbeforetheAssembly, showsthattherehas beguninSouthAfricaaprocess Qf~liminating apartheid bymeansQfnegQtiatiQn andthattherehasbeenvisible progress increating aclimate fQrthecQnducting QffreenegQtiatiQns. IshouldliketotakethisQpportunity tQexpress mygratitude tothe Secretary-General fQrhisefforts, whichwesupport, andfQrhisdetailed repQrt. Mention shouldbemadeQfthepositive stepsthathavebeentakenin partiCUlar withthelifting ofthebanQnactivities Qfpolitical parties and movements inSouthAfrica. Itisdifficult tQexaggerate theimpQrtance Qfthe meetings ofdelegations QftheAfrican National Congress QfSouthAfrica (ARC) headedbyNelsonMandela andthedelegation oftheSouthAfrican Government headed byPresident DeKlerkheldinCapeTownandPretoria inMayandAugustthisyeslr. Wearehighlyappreciative QfthsrQleQftheARCinthenegQtiating process nowunderwayinSQuthAfrica. ThepQsitive changes whichcannowbediscerned in SouthAfricadidnQtcameaboutbythemselves: theyweretheresultQfmanyyears
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a speech or statement on the situation in South Africa, specifically regarding the apartheid system and the international community's response to it. It discusses the progress made in dismantling apartheid, the role of the United Nations, and the importance of peaceful negotiations. The text also mentions the Secretary-General's report on the progress achieved in implementing the Declaration on Apartheid and its Destructive Consequences.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, International trade