peaceful settlement ofoneofthemostserious disputes ofmoderntimes. Indealing withtheproblem oftheMiddleEastIwouldliketosayhow distressed weareattheconsequences forthecivilian populations oftheIraq-Iran conflict. Thereasons forthisconflict seemtodefyanylogicbutthatofendless destruction. Wemustaskourselves seriouslywhether thecommunity ofStates shouldresignitselftobeingunableinanywaytointervene topersuade the interested parties toadoptacease-fire. IntheMediterranean regiontheCypruscrisisunfortunately remains unresolved. Weunreservedly support theacti~ities oftheSecretary-General andwe address anurgentappealtotheparties concerned togive since~e andspecific evidence of.theirwilltonegotiate. Aspartofourdirectinterest intheMediterranean region, wearedevoting closeattention toourrelations withMalta. Weintendtodevelop theserelations withfullrespect fortheMaltese Government's position ofneutrality and non-alignment, whichItalyconsiders asaverypositive element.MB/12 A/40/P'V.8 SO (Mr.Andreotti, Italy) LatinAmerica, aregiontowhichItalylookswithattention andinterest, is playing anincreasingly important roleontheworldstage. Theprocesees whereby ofanadvanced maturity whichwe<t:anbutwelcolII! withstrongapprOl7al. unfortunately, shadowy areasstillremaininLatinAmerica. Wetherefore appreciate allthemorecertain signsefchatlge, suchas,forexample, the understanding re~ched inChileamongthedemocratic forces, asaresultofthe initiative takenbyCardinal Primate Fresno" aninitiative designed topavetheway forthetransition tothefull democr~t::Y wehopefor.TheGcwernment andthearmed forcesofChilemusttherefore respond constructively tothatimportant development.JSM/ed A/40/PV.8 51 (Mr.Andreotti, Italy) Another sourceofconcernisthepolitical andsocio-economie crisisthat hasbeenmadeintheprocessofrestoring dellOcraCy. Wefullyunderstand theimportance ofstability int.:heCentral American and Caribbean regionforthemaintenance ofworldpeace. Thatiswhyweshallcontinue tosupport anyinitiative suchasthattakenbytheContadora Groupdesigned to relieve tension andpromote peace. AI.,,:cordingly, atthemeeting tobeheldnextNovember inLuxembourg, weshall support thecontin~ation ofthedialogue initiated lastyearinSanJose, CostaRica,between theTencountries oftheEuropean Conmunity, Spain,Portugal, thecountries oftheContadora Groupandthefivecountries ofCentral America. IntheBornofAfrica, aregionwithwhichItalyisespecially linkedby historical tiesandbyincreasing co-operation, weshallcontinue toworkforthe settlement ofoutstanding disputes through na~otiating processes basedonthe principles oftheCharter oftheUnitedNations andoftheCharter ofthe Organization ofAfrican Unity(OAU). Thankstodialogue andco-operation on subjects ofcommonconcern,itshouldbepossible toachieve solutions basedon respect fortheterritorial integrity ofStateswithinexisting frontiers andon non-interference ininternal affairs, withdueregardforthehistorical and cultural identities ofthepeoples ofthearea. Wehopethatthesamemethodof dialogue andpatient, courageous andconstructive negotiations, designed toachieve solutions basedontheprinciples oftheUnitedNations, willbeapplied tothe serious problems oftheAsiancontinent. Inthisconnection, weshallcontinue tofollowclosely thetwoseriouscrises whichcontinue toplaguetheregion: theAfghanandCambodian crises.JSM/ed A/40/PV.8 52 (Mr.Andreotti, Italy) InAfghanistan theclearly formulated suggestions oftheGeneral Assembly have notyetbeenacteduponandthecountryisstillsuffering fromtheravagesofwar. Another question uhichconcerns usisthetension onthePakistan frontiers, inparticular asaresultofbombardments whichhavecausedmanycivilian victims amongPakistani peoples ~f.thatregion. Italydeemsitessential thatadetermined effortshouldbemadetoresolvethatquestion andrenewsitsappealtotheparties concerned toadoptaconstructive approach attheGenevanegotiations. Asregards Cambodia, Italyonceagainwishestorenewitsstrongappealfor therestitution ofinternational lawthathasbeenviola:ted. Weurgetheparties concerned seriously andspecifically tostartnegotiations thatcanleadto solutions whichbringfreedom, justice andpeacetoalltheCambOdian people. Concerning Korea,Italytakesapositive viewoftheresumption ofdirect talksbetween ~oulandPyongyang oneconomic andhumanitarian subjects. Wehope thatthesetalkswillbegradually extended toothersectors, suchasthequestion ofsport,inviewofthecomingOlympic gamesatSeoul,whichmustbefreefromall
**Analysis**
The text is a speech by an Italian representative at the United Nations, addressing various international issues and crises. The focus is on conflicts, peacekeeping, and international relations, with no specific mention of economic development, natural resources, or environmental issues. The text does not fall under categories related to agriculture, forestry, fishing, industry, transport, communication, health, education, employment, or culture.

**Category**
International Relations, Humanitarian Aid and Relief