psychological effectontheSOuthAfrican Government bymakingitclearthatthe apartheid systemisunacceptable totheworldcommunity. Inrecentmonthsmany countries haveintroduced "larious suchmeasures. InJulythesecurity Council, in itsresolution 569(1985), recommended thatmemberStatesadoptanumberof voluntary measures against southAfrica. Norwaywelcomes thesedevelopments and urgesothercountries toimplement similar measures. However, mandatory sanctions bythesecurity Council arestillourprimary request. WOrdsofcondelll1ation of apartheid arenotenough. Norwayalsoappeals urgently totheSOuthAfricanGovernment toliftthestate ofemergency, toreleaseallpolitical prisoners andtostartadialogue withthe genuine leadersofthebla.ckpopulation withtheaimofabolishing apartheid and introducing equalrightsforallpopulation groups. Thequestion ofNamibia alsoconstitutes amajorchallenge totheUnited Nations. MyGovernment continues tobelieve thateveryeffortmustbemadeto achieve anegotiated settlement oftheNamibian conflict inaccordance with '. security Council resolution 435(1978). Wehavenotedinthisrespect theefforts madebytheSecretar~eneral andbytheUnitedstatesandwouldencourage themto continue theirendeavours. Theindependence ofNamibia islongoverdue. TheMiddleEastcontinues tobeoneofthemostserious areasofconflict in theworld. Lebanon remains inturl'lDil. Thereisnoforeseeable endtothetragic armedconflict between IraqandIranwithitsmeaningless lossoflifeandendless humanSUffering. TheArab-Israeli conflict isstillanunresolved issue. wehave,however, witnessed somepositive developments. Thepeaceinitiatives takenbyKingHussein"concerned. Suchasettlement mustbebasedontheunitedNations Charter and security. withtheresolutions oftheSecurity Council.(Mr.Stray,Norway)A/40/PV.5 39-40 Peaceandsecurity intheMiddleEastcanultimately beachieved onlythrough Thesituation oftheUnitedNations Interim ForceinLebanon (UNIFIL)prospect ofrenewing thepeaceprocess.AP/rd Peace-keeping operations constitute oneofthemostimportant andsuccessful illustrates, however~ thegreatdifficulties thatapeace-keeping forcemaysettlement. Itisourimpression thatthecautious Israeli response enhances this toolsoftheUnitedNations initsefforts tomaintain international peaceand peaceandsecurity andtore-establish Lebanese authority intheareainaccordancetakeplacedirectly between theparties concerned.anegotiated settlement thattakesdueaccountoftheinterests ofalltheparties thedifficult circumstances in~nichthe·Forcehasoperated overtheyears,Security Council reso',utions 242(1967)and338(1973), andnegotiations should UNIFIL's presen~e hassymbolized thewilloftheinternational community torestoreofJordanandPresident Mubarak ofEgyptarestepsforward inthesearchfora encounter. l1NIFILisstill.:otinaposition tofulfilitsmandate. Inspiteof__ 9 _ 00/12 A/40/PV.5 41 (Hr.Stray,Norway) Asamajortroop-contributing country, Norwayisconcerned aboutthepresent unsatisfactory situation fortheForce.Itisofparticular importance thatUNIFIL begivenarealistic opportunity toperform thetasksithasbeenassigned. UNIFIL shouldbeallowed todeployitstroopsdowntotheinternational border. The parties involved mustgenuinely co-operate withUNIFILindischarging itsmandate. Thesecurity oftheforcesmustnotbeundulyjeopardized. Responsibility forthat restsprimarily withtheparties; butthesecurity Council alsohasanobligation toseetoitthattheForce's mandate canbeimplemented inaccordance withthe Council's owndecisions. Beforethepresent mandate expires inmid-Qctober, careful consideration must begiventoallaspectsofUNIFIL's presence insouthern Lebanon. InAsiaalsowearefacedwithseriousconflicts withwidespread international consequences. TheSovietUnion'smilitary intervention inAfghanistan notonly causesgreatSUffering andlossesfortheAfghanpeopleandincreases tension in theregion, butitisalsooneofthemajoriss',lesprevent7.ng normalization between 'dleEastandtheWest.Inspiteoftheefforts undertaken bythe Secretary-General, theAfghanproblem remains unresolved. Thecoreoftheproblem istheunwillingness oftheSovietUniontoconsider inaserious waythequestion oftroopwithdrawal. WeurgetheSovietUniontoreconsider itsposition. A solution wouldsignificantly improve international relations. InKampuchea weareconfronted withasimilar situation. Kampucliea hasbeen occupied fornearlysevenyearsbyVietnamese forces. Thec~cupying Powershowsno concrete willingness tocontribute toalasting andpeaceful solution asdrawnup
**Analysis**
The text appears to be a speech or statement by the representative of Norway to the United Nations General Assembly, discussing various international conflicts, crises, and challenges. It focuses on the Middle East, Africa, and Asia, and mentions issues such as apartheid, Namibia, Lebanon, Iraq-Iran conflict, Arab-Israeli conflict, and Soviet intervention in Afghanistan. The text emphasizes the need for international cooperation, peacekeeping, and diplomacy to resolve these conflicts.

**Category**
International relations, Humanitarian aid and relief