period 1985-1989 (E/ICEF/1986/3 andCOrr.l), waswidelysupported (seeparas. 81-85 andparas.147-152 below). However, manydelegations emphasized thattheseefforts mustbeincorporated intonational health programmes andwarnedofthedangers of isolated actions. 13.Somedelegations feltthattherewasatendency intheExecutive Director's reporttoover-emphasize themostvisible activities, suchastheexpanded programme ofimmunization (EPI)andORT,attheexpense ofotherchildsurvival and development issues, suchasnutrition, breast-feeding, watersupply andsanitation, education, women's projects andgrowthmonitoring. Several delegations indicated thatitwasquestionable whether theattractiveness todonorsofsuch"crash" programmes couldbesustained. 14.Virtually alldelegations supported theviewthatuniversal childimmunization by1990(UCI/1990), whileambitious, wasnecessary onthehumanitarian leveland profitable inthelongtermonthesociallevel. However, somevoicedconcern abouttheability ofthefieldoffices tocarryouttheintegrated longer-term programming whilesimultaneously engaging inintense short-term, single-issue campaigns, whichrequired significant resources thatriskeddisrupting other services. Abalance hadtobeachieved amongpriority activities, emergency assistance andthepromotion oflong-term development. Childsurvival and development activities hadtobeanintegral partofprimary healthcare(PHC) services. 15.Anumberofdelegates feltthattheEPItargets insomecountries were unrealistic. Inseveral countries, thelackofthelocalcapacity toabsorb -4- assistance waspointed outasaserious impediment todevelopment efforts. UNICEF wasurgedtocontinue tosetrelevant andfeasible global andregional goalsand strategies, bearing inmindthateachcountry shoulddevelopitspriorities in lightofitss~ecific problems. 16.Whilewelcoming co-operation between UNICEFandtheWorldHealth Organization (WHO)intheimmunization campaigns, somedelegations wantedtoknow howtheirresponsibilities wouldbedivided andtowhatextent WHOcould participate inmobilizing thefundsrequired foraccelerated immunization efforts (seeparas. 39-41below). 17.'Thesteady improvement inthequality ofvaccines, theexpansion oflocal vaccine production facilities andbroadened efforts toimprove coldchainstomake themmoreself-sufficient werenotedbyseveral delegates. Nutrition andfoodsecurity 18.Nutrition wasdescribed as"adecisive element ofchildhealth". Theneedto reformfoodaid,tomakeitatoolofagricultural development whilelimiting its negative effects onnational production, wasnoted. Several delegations agreed thatwhileUNICEF immunization campaigns werefineinitiatives, children weakened bymalnutrition couldnotbeeffectively immunized against infectious disease. 19.Itwasfeltthatmoreattention should bepaidtomaternal nutrition, amajor causeofhighinfantmortality rates,andinformation wasrequested onwhatUNICEF wasdoinginthisarea.Thesignificant linkbetween illness andmalnutrition was underscored. 20.Manydelegations supported long-term foodstrategies which, byincreasing food production, maintaining fairexchange ratesandensuring regular supplies at reasonable rates,wereregarded asessential forachieving foodsecurity. 21.Itwaspointed outthatpropernutrition wastheoutcome ofvariedactivities inhealth, childcare,watersupply andsanitation etc.Fooddistribution within thefamily - aneglected subject -wasoftenanimportant nutrition issue. Evenif ahousehold hadenoughfood,tradition mightdictate thatmalesgotpreference, so thatwomenandchildren, especially girls,wouldrarelyreceive enoughfortheir nutritional needs. watersupplyandsanitation 22.Manydelegations agreedthattheimprovement ofchildhealthwasimpossible without anadequate supplyofcleanwaterandappropriate sanitation facilities. Thesignificance ofdiarrhoea management inwaterprogrammes wasalsostressed. SomeBoardmembers reminded thesession thattherealcauseofdiarrhoeal diseases indeveloping countries wasthewidespread lackofcleanwaterandstressed that healtheducation intheproperuseofwaterandsanitation measures wasessential ifhealthconditions weretoimprove. 23.Somedelegations statedthatlocal-level training wasessential forthe
**Analysis**
The text discusses various aspects of child survival and development, including health programs, nutrition, immunization, and sanitation. While it touches on some economic and development aspects, its primary focus is on the health and well-being of children. The text also highlights the importance of coordination and cooperation among international organizations and countries in addressing these issues.

**Category**
Health, Humanitarian aid and relief