activities to implement the Programme. oppression. Since the 1960s, Jamaica had participat- 34. Mr. GUIDO SPANO (Peru) said that the ed in technical and. educational exchanges ~ith Peruvian Government had on numerous occasions oppressed and strugghng peoples. It would contmue expressed its strong sense of identity with, and to do so. consequent commitment to, the objectives of the 38. He commended the work done by the Special International Convention on the Elimination of All Committee against Apartheid and by CERD, and the Forms of Racial Discrimination, 1 and its full support efforts of the Special Representative of the Secretary-32 Economic and Social Council-First Regular Session, 1986 General for the co-ordination of activities relating to the Second Decade. Like previous speakers, he would have preferred to see more details in document E/ 1986/15 concerning the activities of various organ­ izations to implement the Programme of Action. 39. Mr. LY (Senegal) said that there was no longer any need to prove that apartheid was the most inhuman institutionalized form of racial discrimina­ tion. By its very definition and nature, it could not be reformed. Although the Security Council, in its resolution 5 81 ( 1986), had demanded the immediate eradication of apartheid and an end to the violence against and repression of the black people, Pretoria had since strengthened its repressive machinery. 40. Genuine change would depend on the establish­ ment of a climate of dialogue on the basis of the unconditional release of Nelson Mandela and other political prisoners, the lifting of the state of emergen­ cy, the complete abrogation of repressive legislation against anti-apartheid political and social groups, the elimination of discriminatory legislation, and the initiation of open and honest negotiations between the Pretoria authorities and the legitimate represen­ tatives of South African liberation movements and 
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing a United Nations program aimed at combating racial discrimination and apartheid in South Africa. The speakers are expressing their opinions on the effectiveness of the program and suggesting ways to improve it. The text does not mention specific economic, environmental, or technological aspects, but rather focuses on social and political issues.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, Education, Culture