the Economic and Social Coxmcil invite the Special Rapporteur to continue to update his report. 10. Following the recommendations of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities (resolution 1989/18 of 31 August 1989) and the Commission on Human Rights (resolution 1990/23), the Economic and Social Council, by resolution 1990/34 of 25 May 1990, inter alia, invited the Special Rapporteur to continue to update his report. The Council invited the Sub-Commission and the Commission on Human Rights to consider the revised report at their forty-second and forty-seventh sessions respectively. 11. In accordance with the said resolutions, the Special Rapporteur continued his contacts with the United Nations Centre on Transnational Corporations and the Centre against Apartheid. In 1990, he visited those two Centres and held meetings with the staff in charge. A useful exchange of views took place. II. DISINVESTMENT TRENDS IN SOUTH AFRICA */ 12. Since 1984, a niunber of large transnational corporations (TNCs) have sold their South African subsidiaries or affiliates or announced their intention of doing so. There is evidence, however, that several of the disinvesting companies maintain non-equity ties with the host country, thus defeating the very purpose of the idea of disinvestment action. Non-equity ties are established in three ways: first, through the licensing of production to another company based in South Africa or in a third country; secondly, through the licensing of production to a company that has been newly created; thirdly, through the licensing of production to a specially created trust. This type of arrangement enables the departing firm to continue its presence indirectly in the host country and ensure continuity in the transfer of technology. 13. It has been claimed that by mid-1988 some 46 per cent of the foreign subsidiaries operating in South Africa had been disinvested. There has been a 
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the economic and social implications of disinvestment trends in South Africa, specifically in relation to transnational corporations. It highlights the issue of non-equity ties maintained by companies after disinvestment, which allows them to continue their presence in the country. This suggests that the text is more focused on economic and social issues rather than natural resources, environment, or other categories.

**Category**
Economic development, International trade