regime of Ian Smith has adopted. Alarmed by these successes, the Smith rCgime has reacted with more and more repression. Giving up its pretence that five and a half million blacks of Southern Rhodesia are loyal and happy under their white rule, the Provincial Commissioners have now been authorized to impose collective fines and other punishments on whole communities purely on suspicion that any of them are harbouring or otherwise aiding freedom-fighters. 59, In application of these punitive measures, no notice need be given and no representation is to be allowed. With the renewal of the state of emergency, the majority of the people of Zimbabwe have been deprived of all means of protest and their political activity has been effectively stopped. The African National Council, which has offered peaceful negotiations for settlement, is being subjected to all kinds of restrictions and harassments and its members are being arrested arbitrarily. 60. Along with these repressions, the illegal rigime is moving firmly along the road to apartheid. Residential areas and public recreational facilities are already largely segre- gated. Laws have been introduced to make it compulsory for all Africans to carry identity cards, and the first steps have been taken towards establishing regional authorities in Mashonaland and Metabeleland on the South African Bantustan pattern. There has also been speculation that the Ian Smith r6gime is making utmost efforts to revive the Pearce Commission proposals and suggesting in various ways that those Africans who rejected the proposals were not true representatives of the people. In their own opinion, the true representatives are only those who agree with the white minority. 61. These methods of the Ian Smith regime will not succeed any more than similar measures succeeded else- where in suppressing peoples’ desire for freedom and 
**Analysis**
The text appears to be discussing the political situation in Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) under the regime of Ian Smith, highlighting the repressive measures taken by the government against the black population and the attempts to establish apartheid-like policies. The text does not mention economic, natural, or environmental issues, nor does it discuss scientific or technological advancements. The focus is on the human rights situation and the struggle for freedom and equality.

**Category**
Humanitarian aid and relief, Human rights