nineland-locked countries amounts to'A6.500,000. Inaddition totheabove bilateral support, the.outh.rn African countri.s willalsob.n.fit und.rthe Special Programme ofAssistance toSouthern AfricafromSA.,000,000 ~llocated to regional programmes, $A2,500,000 allocated tonon-governmental organiaations and SA2,850,000 Itilltobeallocated. Australia alloalsists land-locked countries through contributionl totheUnitedNations systemandothermultilateral bodies. Austria 47.InrecentyearlAustria hasbeentakingapecific actionrelated tothe particular need.andprobl.ms ofanumberofland-locked developing countries. In thilcontext themainrecipientl ofAuatrian aSliltance havebeenAfghaniatan, Bhutan, Burtina Faso,Burundi, Nepal,Rwanda, Zambia, Zimbabwe andUganda. In addition totheirland-lockedneas almoatallofthesecountries belongtothegroup oftheleastdevelop.d. Thiaconforms tooneofthegoalsoftheAustrian development jssistance programme. Furthermore, Austria hasconclUded bilateral general co-operation agreements withtwoland-locked developing countries, bothof themleastdeveloped, namely, Burundi andRwanda. Theco-operation withthe countries mention.d coversavari.ty offi.ld.auchasbilateral programmes and projects, foodaidandtraininC) ofstudents inAustria. Whilecountryproj.cts are predominant, r.gional pro~ects intheXaq.raRiverBasin(feasibility studi.s in therailway androad.ectors) andSAnCe(infrastructural proj.cts) de.erv. partiCUlar m.ntion asth.ywillber.ceiving continu.d .mpha.is inthefuture. I •••A/44/588 English Page22 Boliv·tA 48.Intheparticular caseofB?livi~, theissueofland-lockedness isnota simpleproblem ofcommerce and/ortransport. Another aspectistheoutstanding trt\dit.ion inBolivi"" foreign policy andinternational '.aw,whichhas,onvarious occdsions, been elab~rated inUNCTAD andotherforums. Land-lockedness has seriouFly hamperec Bt)livia's ~verall development bylimiting itsindustrial growth anddraining thelimited foreign exchange, whichhaspartlytobeusedforthe payment oftransit services. Thehightransit-transport costsreduceexport receipts andinflate importcosts. Thishasreduced thecompetitiveneRs at Bolivian exports ontheworldmarket. 49.Thepossibilities ofpt'omoting animport-substitution industrial strateay designed toreducethedependence onhigh-cost imports havebeenlimited because Bolivia needstoimportmostoftheinputsrequired forproduction ofarangeof finalproducts. Anothe ...·problem facedbyBolivia, whic~liscommontoother land-locked countries, isthatthecountry mustpayanadditional costforth~ storage ofinputsinordertoavoidshortages inth$eventofdblaysinthe transit-transport sl'stem. Stocksofexports mustalsobeheldinportstnensure thatdeadlines aremetforsupplies tooverseas buyers. 50.Canadadoesnotmakeaparticular distinction withrespect toland-locked developing countries. Sincemanyofthelar.-locked nations are,however, among thepoorest intheworld,thesecountries aregranted priority forCanadian development assistonce, inkeeping withtheCanadian Government's ~fficial development assistance strategy. Several land-locked countries areregular recipients ofCanada's official development ausistance. Totalassistance tothese countries amounted tosomeSUS146.7million. Thebulkofthisassistance was allocated totheAfrican region (SUS106million). Assistance toBall''iaand Paraguay amounted toSUS26.5million. Thedisbursements toAsianland-locked countries wassomeSUS14.3million. Centraj Afric~n Republic 51.Inordertofacilitate t~etransit ofitsmerchandise andimported/exported goodsthrough seaports,the~ational Assembly hasauthorized theGovernment to ratifytheUnitedNations Convention onTransit TradeofLand-locked States (1965). TheGovernment isalsonegotiating somespecific translt arrangements with theGovernment olCameroon because Cameroon offersthemaintransit port facilitiAs. Onthedomestic front,theGovernment hasconsiderably simplified the