major goals are the achievement of self-sufficiency In food• equitable availability of basic necessltltles like clothing. shelter, medical cover;and development of energy resources. Science and technology. Internationally recognized as a major means of modernizing societies, must be extensively employed·tor the exploitation of the natural resources and expedltlus achieve­ ment of the goals of national development. Such development programmes can only be Implemented through building up an adequate and efficient endogenous science and technology capabl- 1 lty. Science Is also a cultural force, as the spirit of scien­tific method and the Intellectual dlsclpl lne Inculcated In Its pursuit to help build up an enl lghtened attitude that Is a valuable asset to the society. Another aspect of science relevant to the developing countries Is Its character which ~akes It possible for them to enter upon a "planned future". In order• therefore, to achieve the objectlves·of national development and security, maximum advantages could only be derived from science by laying down a purposeful Science and Technology Po~lcy. SHORTCOMINGS Although some progress has been made In Pakistan In the field of Science and Technology, yet there are numerous shortcom­ Ings and deficiencies In the effort to use science and teehnoloyg for national development. The present state of Science In Pakistan exhibits major problems such as: a. Small sub-critical size In terms of manpower and meagre outlays on research and development; b. Absence of well defined priorities for research and Imbalances In S&T effort; Presented by Altaf Ahsan Beg 198 scientific c. Dearth of research leadership; d. Isolation of Pakistani $clence from active centres of learning In the world; e. Virtual absence of post-graduate activities In Universities; f. Lack of systematic feed-back from users of technology and absence of Intimate I Inks of science with production; g. Lack of effect!ve coordination establ lshments; between scientific 