where, emphasis has been placed on growth monitoring as a focus for integrated MCH services (Brazil, To- go), and increasing attention has been given to the concept of extending the growth chart to a comprehensive child health record (India, Oman). Food and nutrition surveillance: The special focus of UNICEF activities in food and nutrition surveillance has been to encourage governments to report on a few common indicators in a standardized and timely fashion so that decision makers can be aware of emerging problems and take appropri- ate actions to resolve them. Working with FAO and WHO under the umbrella of the Inter-agency Food and Nutri- tion Surveillance Programme (IFNS) last year, UNICEF substantially expand- ed its activities in this area at country, regional and international levels. Country projects became opera- tional in China, Madagascar, Tan- zania, Venezuela, Viet Nam and Zam- bia; and projects in Bolivia, Ecuador and the Philippines are in the final preparatory stages. Projects are also being developed in Botswana, Burki- na Faso, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Rwanda and Togo. In China, the Academy of Preven- tive Medicine is collaborating with the State Statistical Bureau to develop national food and nutritional surveill-MfUtenrf a rital twl iu the tfi'tfrtWH af early malnutritionance in order to help shape national food policy responses. In Madagascar, the National Food and Nutrition Sur- veillance Programme (PNSAN) was created in 1989 to identify food- \ailnerable areas and groups by mak- ing use of available information to help develop national policies, struc- ture programmes of action and target scarce resources. In Uruguay, UNICKF has co- operated with the Institute Nacional de Alimentacion (INDA) to complete the first national census of children's height in the first year of primary school. In Thailand, die UNICEF- assisted project. Strengthening Food and Nutrition Surveillance for Nutri- tion-oriented Development Deci-