lelephone per IOO lnhabltants; one publlc belephone offlce per 10,00O lnhabj'lants in rural, areas; 20 radlos per 100 lnhablEants).-15- (b) Ihe confuEion between Decade proJects and proJects lncluded 1n naglonalplans. Lack of correlatlon ln oany caseai Dnny natlonal proJects - even !hos6flnanced by external sources such as Unlted Natlons agencles - are nol lncludedln the Decade, whlle oany proJects lncLuded tn the Decade do not feature innatlonal plans. 48. From the preparatony studles conduc?ed by experts for the various @odes onthe basls of surveys carrled out ln a large nuBber of Afrlcan countrles, iE wouldappear that, at lhe outset, on reflectlon, lt was declded !o prepare a rela!1velyrestrlcted programne for the Decade. Thls prograEee was based on an analyslsof the sltuatlon obtalnlng at the t1ne, on ongolng r€gionaL programes andproJects (EaJor Afrlcan hlghways, PANAFTEL network, etc.), and on new prtorllyproJects fon whlch the soelo-econooic Justlflcatlon was evldent. Speclal eEohasls ras placed on reglonal and subregionaL projects and on proJects con-cerning land-Iocked countrles, on the one hand, and proJecta havlng tralnlng, rnaLntenance and danageEent conponents, on the other. This rea1lst1c approachseeos subsequently lo have glven way to a nore ambMous approach. The pro-clanatlon of the Decade, whlch had caused governoenls to bel,ieve thatconsld.erable aoounts of 'rn€wrr external flnanclng would become avallable, Ied toan lnf1at€d nuober of proJects, endlrg ln a progralue ln whlch proJects ofnatlonal 1lrponlance becaoe prepondenant. 49. Thl.s trend had iwo types of adv(rse effect; (a) It ehanged the coneeptlon of the Decade, i{ith prlnary etrphasis nolonger on defining an lntegraeed progra@e wlth cohereng obJectives but on aaonelrhat ill-assorted eollectlon of proJecls ol all kLnds (some oore Justifledthan others ).