l+52. rn the late 1950s to early l96os many countries bToucht tbe question of thespread of nuclear r'reapons to the forefront of r^'orld attention, The reascn wasboth the fear that emergence of many new menbers of the atornic club wou1,t mrrltinlv!,/ 3' / 392 ! ;' r_a LIS n iin_ielt -i i:.,:'e ,L+Z the risk for an outbrea.l< of nuclear war and a particular concern related to the use of nuclear weapons in Europe. In ]1961 , the United States and the USSR submitted separate but ldentical drafts of a nuclear non-proliferation treaty to the Geneva Conference of the Conmittee on Dis armanent ' 463. fne foundation for the nuclear non-proliferation Treaty can be viewed as a barga.in sLruck bebween Lhree general considerabions: first, the corfinitnent by the nuclear.-weapon States not to transfer nuclear weapons or the control thereof and the conmitnent by non-nuclear-weapon States not to acquire nuclear weaponc as well nc t.l nr'.cn{ inlcrnptioral qofarrrcrdc nn thpir nrr^lae1^ in.l.retrw. sFr'nn;l the rgr LL qqr sJ undertakins lv oarti-os i- ^ *^-"*r^- '^ facifitate to the ful]est extent-rr d IruDf Lrulr possible developrent of nuclear enerl:y for peacefr,l purposes, espccially in non-nuclear-rreapon States with due rega"d to the needs of developing areas of the L'orld, and tl,ird-, the ob]igations of Lhe nuclea-r-weapon SLaLes under ArLicle VI cf the Treaty to undertake in good faith negotiations on disarmament. l+6)+. rn order to meet the concern of non-nuclear-weapon States about their v-rlnerability to nuclear aL1-ack or blacknail, the USSR, the United Kingdom and the Lnited ScaLes made statements of policy in the Security Councjl to cone to the assistance, through the Security Counci.I , of a non-nuclear-veapon State, party Lo tlLe r': on -proli feration tresty, subjected to agqression or threat of aggression uith nuclear weapons. These declarations were noted in Security Council rc-so.l-ution 255 (1958). Many non-nuclea?-r.reapon States Parties to the non-proli feration Treaty, however, expressed their dissatisfaction with these arrangements and stressed the need for effective secu.rity assurances.