formation. ID the United Republic of Tanzania, recent perter­ rna rce in the l i vestc·ck industry has beer. d isappci nti nq. Cattle hcldinqs are estimated at 13.2 millior., but the prcpcrticr. of lo­ cally consumed aoo marketed stock is very !C".;, reachinq crJ.y 9 per cent in 1981. There are 10 n,illicn sheep au qcats, 80,000 piqs aril 25 r:1illic•n poultry. IP Zir:1bab'..'e, efforts to rebuild the national herd have been frustrated by the severe drcuqht ir; the southern part of the country, despite attempts beinq r.1ade l.Jy th8 Cold Storaqe Commission to shift cattle from drcuqht-stricken areas to feed-lots. 69. It is certainly feasiLle tc expar.d the prcx.lc:ctict~ of r;,eat, net necessarily by increasir,q the 11Urnber of aniraals, but by ir.t­ prcviPq the off-take rate, the carcass weiqht ar.J the dressinq rate and lo\·Jerinq the aqe of off-take tc neet at least domestic consumer deraand. This wculd require: (a) The efficient use of exi!:;tinq rescurces (animal breeds, water,-land, aqricultural by-prcducts, reseurch re~ults etc.); (b) The creatic·r: of appropriate eccr.craic ir:centives to prcx:1ucers, midd1eme 1', butchers, exporters a·r:ci ccnsun,ers; (c) The crt::ation of favoural~le ccn(Hticr;s fer jcint ver,­ tures -Let~;eer' private arx:1/or public e1:terprises it. impcrtinq au1 export i nq cuu nt ries ; (~) 13ett.er co-operation betweer, natic·r.al, interqcverrmer.tal a r..d i r:te r ra ti cr.u 1 crqa r.zia tions i nvcl ved i r. t ra i r,i rq, research a r;d deve 1 cpme nt ; (e) 'The creation cf effective eccr:c'l11ic arrarqemer:L at the reqi 6nd'l a Ld/ or sul.Jrcqi C·r..ul levels th<.J. t '"·ill favour i r;tra -.\frica n tra(k, includinq trade ir. livestock products. 70. The immediate prccucers sl1oulu be ir;vc.lved in the icrnula­ ticn and impl~n:e r:tc.t tic.·r: cf these neasures at the ta ti cr.u..1 level. If producers a1·e to play a full role in tlevelcpwert, arrc.:cer:.er.ts 