~/Foramorecomprehensive discussion oftheseissuessee,inparticular,thereportoftheAdhocGroupofExperts toStUdyWaysandMeansofImprovingTransit-Transport Infrastructure andServices forLand-locked Developing Countries(TD/B/1002-TD/B/AC.39/3); D.Nowlan, "Land-locked developing countries: theircharacteristics andspecial development problems", (UNCTAD/ST/LDC/5), 1985;andA.Ngororano, "Freight transport: areviewofdevelopment issues" inDevelopingWorld, LandTransport, London, 1987,pp.216-223. ~/See,inparticular, thenotebytheSecretary-General ofUNCTADentitled"Studyoftheestablishment ofafundinfavouroftheland-locked developingcountries" (E/5507), 1974.Country reports prepared recently withintheframeworkofUNCTAD/UNDP/technical assistance projects inAfricahavealsoprovided evidencebearing thisout. Q/Theinformation ontheAfrican regionisbasedlargely onUNCTAD workwithintheprojects referred toinfootnote ~/. I .••A/44/588 English Page36 ~(continued) 11SATCCconsists ofatechnical unit,whichisstaffed largely bytechnical assistance personnel, mainly fromNordiccountries. TheSATCCprogramme includes projects forcapital investment, operational co-ordination, andtraining, andit coverssevenareas: roads,railways, portsandwatertransport, civilaviation, telecommunications, meteorology andpostalservices. Thecapital investment programmes areoriented towards rehabilitation andupgrading existing facilities, although thereissomeprovision fornewfacilities (forexample, theNorthern Corridor project inMalawi). Amajoraimistoopenthetransit corridors thatare currently unusable. Theprogramme ofoperational co-ordination isdesigned to prevent futuredeterioration oftransport infrastructure andequipment andalsoto ensureefficient usageoffacilities. TheUNDP/UNCTAD technical assistance transit-transport project (RAF/86/046) hasbeensupporting theSATCCprogramme by providing advisory services toGovernments inmostoftheseareasonaregular basis. ~IForamorecomprehensive analysis ofthecontingency imflications ofthe possible disruption oftheroutesthrough SouthAfrica, see"Theeffects of southern African borderclosures onthedemandfortransit-transport fromsouthern Africaland-locked countries withparticular reference totheportofDares Salaam" (UNCTAD/RDP/LDC/2), 1988. ~ICharles Gore,Lecturer attheUniversity ofSwansea (United Kingdom), madeavaluable contribution tothisanalysis. 101AnUNCTADstudycovering 85developing countries, including 19 land-locked countries, provides evidence ofthisconstellation. SeeTD/B/C.1/236.APPENDIX Stati.tical tabl•• B••tCopyAVIUlbleA/44/588 En91hh Pa9837 I •••Appea!lu tab1.e 1. 5e1.ected 9eograpbica1. and~rapbic data: land-1.ocked devel.opiDg COUDtries Popu!atiOD Average Density 1.Ue l:n£ant Labourforce Area (population ezpectaDcy -xtality (perc:eotaqe) (thousands DistaDCe per Tot:a.l atbirtb (per1..000 OrbaD l:D 110 of totheseaya2)(aillioo) (years) livebirtbS) (percentage) <IIlJri.cal.tal:e i9dustry CouDtry 02) (kII) 1987 1987 1980-1985 1980-1.985 1985 1986 1986 AfgbaDistan 652.1 2000-10 600 29 19.1 31 194 19 51 14.!!I Bbuuo. 47.0 800 31 1.5 46 139 4 91 3~ Bolivia 1098.6 250-2736 6 6.8 51 124 44 43 ;'0!!I Botswana 581.7 1100-1400 2 1.2 55 76 20 66 15 Burk'.Da Faso 274.2 900-1210 27 7.3 45 150 8 85 5 Burundi 27.8 1455-1850 180 5.0 47 124 2 92 3 Central. African Republic 623.0 1400-1815 5 2.8 43 142 45 67 7