land-locked andtranlit countries oftheregion, themeeting hasbeenattended by representativ'l ofdonorsandotherinterelted countriel, aswellalregional and international or9anizations, todiscuss andsuggest suitable solutions tothe issuesandproblems facingtheland-locked countriel, including prop~sall for Ip.cific activiti'l related totheparticular needlofthesecountriel. The Special Bodyhalnotmet ov~rthelastfiveyearsowingtofinancial constraints. However, ongoing andplanned activities arebeingcarried out.Anational workshop ontradefacilitation isbeingplanned forNepalin1989. WorldroodCOUncil 72.TheCouncil halalwaysr.cognized thatland-locked countries hadtomake specialeffortl tomeettheirfoodneedsthrough agreater integration ofnotional andsubregional fo~dstrategies. Emphasis hastobeputonstrengthening infrastructur.s related toagricultural production -partiCUlarly inthe processing, storage andtransport areas-oswellasontheimprovement ofthe interregional tradeenvironment. WFChosinthatcontext heldseveral regional meetings inAfrica, Whichhavehighlighted thepotential benefits ofgreater co-operation amongland-locked countries ontheseissues. 2.Specialized agencies andrelated organizations 0' theUnitedNatiOnS system l~national LabourOrganisation 73.Th.mainthrUltofILOactivities wastoal.iltthesecountries inemployment creation, humanre.ourcel development andinstitution-building withaviewto increasing th.irlelf-reliance. Theshortage ofqualified andskilled manpower was oneofthemajorconltraints facing 011land-locked countries. Inmanycases, ILO conduct.d, throu9hitsregional centres andadvisory I.rvicel, manpower Itudi.s and asseslment oftraining needs. The.eweredirected towards increasing thenational I •••A/44/588 English Page29 capacities forsustainable devlopment. ILOtechnical co-operation expenditure increased trom$14.8million to$19.7million from1985to1986.In1987,the expenditnnlevelwas$18.1515million forthe21land-lockeCl countriel. [QQdandAgriQulturlLOrgan1lotion oftheUnitedNationl 74.TheFAORemoteSensing Centreprovided alsistonce tolond-locked developing countries bybackltopping remotelenlingprojectl andremotelenling components in regional projects. TheFAOGlobalInformation ondEarlyWarning System onFoodand AgriCUlture, whichallouses,.interalia,information obtained fromtheFAORemote Sensing Centre, continued tomonitor cropconditions. ~roduction prospecta andfood supplies inland-locked developing countries. FAO'sFoodSecurity Allistance Schemecontinued tohelpland-locked developing countries toimprove theirfood security situation andtoachieve agreator degreeofself-reliance intheareaof foodandagriCUlture. Duringtheperiod19815-1988, 14ofthemreceived such assistance atanational level(20projects) andthrouQh lubregional Icheme. (Permanent Inter-State Committee onDrought Control intheSahel(CILSS) andSADCC, 4projects). Intheareaofcropproduction, thegeneral FAOpolicy, withregard toland-locked developing countries, istopromote foodself-SUfficiency forimport substitution andhigh-value cropswithlowtransport~tion costs. Training in agricultural policyanalysis forimproved planning ondimplementation of agriCUltural andruraldevelopment programmAI andprojects ilanother areawhere FAOhasassisted land-locked developing countries. A1IO,methodological workand training activities havetakenplaceindocentralized planning, namelywithregard tosmall-scale projects. Inthefieldofnutrition, FAOundertook awidevariety ofactivities concerned withfood ~~nsump.tion inland-locked developing countries. l~rnat1onol Civil Ay~tiQn OrgonizAtign 75.Anumberofspecific actions havebeentokenbyIeAOtoensurethatasmany Statesaspossible accordtothecarriers ofotherStatestheso-called "first freedom oftheair",thatis,theprivilege toflyacrosstheterritory ofanother Statewithout landing. Theseincudes Assembly resol~tion A21-28urgingStates thathavenotyetdonesotoconsider becoming parties totheInternational Air Services Transit Agreementl recommendation 7oftheThirdAirTransport Conference (Montreal, October/November 1985)regarding non-discrimination inauthorizing