F factum (FR) E brief S Black; Petit Robert: mémoire dépassant l'exposé du procès et dans lequel 1'une ou 1'autre des parties mêle attaques et j us t if icat ions S facultad E faculty* - option - discretion** F attribution - pouvoir S facultades de asociación y reunión (MX) E freedom of association and assembly F liberté d'association et de réunion S facultades excepcionales E exceptional*/emergency/special powers F pouvoirs exceptionnels F facultatif = facultativo S facultativo V. obligación facultativa E facultative - optional - discretionary F discrétionnaire - facultatif F faillite (BE, CH, FR) * IL, constitutional law ** Constitutional law Translate literally if the text distinguishes between an estado de excepción and an es-tado. de emergencia Adjetivo See ¿aSJAltad BE CC 1613, 1913, 2032; CH CC 210, CDO passim. LP 1, 3, 159 et seq.. Boillod 318-325; FR CC 1613. 1913, 2032, CCOM obs. (remplacé par faillite personnelle). Amos 370-378 obs., EGLAT - 485 E (mercantile) bankruptcy S quiebra faillite personnelle (FR) E (individual mercantile) bankruptcy Unlike in EN, where the technical term (but not the common expression) bankruptcy applies only to individuals, the institution of faillite applies (BE, CH; FR applied) only to commerçants. traders, whether individuals or juridical persons, the corresponding institution for non-traders, whether individuals (BE, FR, ? CH) or juridical persons (BE, ? CH), being déconfiture ; also called (mercantile) insolvencyi mercantile need not be used unless faillite has to be distinguished from déconfiture; faillite and faillite personnelle both imply that the insolvent debtor has been adjudged bankrupt by a court, as does bankruptcy in its technical sense, whereas déconfiture implies no more than recognized insolvency, as does insolvency; distinguish faillite from banqueroute, criminal bankruptcy, faillite personnelle, individual mercantile bankruptcy, règlement judiciaire, judicial receivership, liquidation des biens, judicial liquidation, and déconfiture, non-mercantile bankruptcy 