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Beast (Beauty and the Beast)
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Beast
First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)
Created by
Linda Woolverton (film adaptation)
Portrayed by
Terrence Mann (Beauty and the Beast originated role for Broadway)
Jeff Bridges (Disney Dreams Portraits photographs)
Dan Payne (Descendants)
Dan Stevens (2017 live action film)
Voiced by
Robby Benson
Aliases
Prince Adam, Master of the Castle
Occupation
Prince
Significant other(s)
Belle
Children
Prince Ben (son; in Descendants only)
Relatives
Maurice (father-in-law)
Nationality
French
The Beast is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Animation Studios' 30th animated feature film Beauty and the Beast (1991). He also appears in the film's two direct-to-video followups Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas and Belle's Magical World. Based on the hero of the French fairy tale by Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont, the Beast was created by screenwriter Linda Woolverton and animated by Glen Keane.
A pampered prince transformed into a hideous beast as punishment for his cold-hearted and selfish ways, the Beast must, in order to return to his former self, earn the love of a beautiful young woman named Belle who he imprisons in his castle. All this must be done before the last petal falls from the enchanted rose on his twenty-first birthday. In all animated film appearances, the Beast is voiced by American actor Robby Benson. The 1991 animated film was adapted into a Broadway musical in 1994, with the role being originated by American actor Terrence Mann. Dan Stevens portrays the character in a 2017 live-action adaptation of the original 1991 film.
Contents
[hide]
1 Development
2 Characteristics
3 Appearances
3.1 Beauty and the Beast
3.2 Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas
3.3 Belle's Magical World
4 In other media
4.1 Kingdom Hearts
4.2 Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories
4.3 Kingdom Hearts II
4.4 Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days
4.5 Broadway musical
4.6 The D Show
4.7 Once Upon a Time
4.8 I (film)
4.9 Beauty and the Beast (2017 live action film)
5 References
Development
Determining a suitable appearance for the Beast proved challenging. Although entirely fictional, supervising animator Glen Keane felt it essential for the Beast to resemble a creature that could possibly be found on Earth as opposed to an alien. The initial designs had the Beast as humanoid but with an animal head attached as per the original fairy tale, but soon shifted towards more unconventional forms. The earlier sketches of the Beast’s character design are seen as gargoyles and sculptures in the Beast's castle.[1]
Inspired by a buffalo head that he purchased from a taxidermy,[2] Keane decided to base the Beast's appearance on a variety of wild animals, drawing inspiration from the mane of a lion, head of a buffalo, brow of a gorilla, tusks of a wild boar, legs and tail of a wolf, and body of a bear. However, he felt it important that the Beast's eyes remain human. In fear that Glen Keane would design the Beast to resemble voice actor Robby Benson, Walt Disney Studios chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg did not allow Keane to see Benson during production of the film.
Characteristics
The Beast is not of any one species of animal, but a chimera (a mixture of several animals), who would probably be classified as a carnivore overall. He has the head structure and horns of a buffalo, the arms and body of a bear, the eyebrows of a gorilla, the jaws, teeth, and mane of a lion, the tusks of a wild boar and the legs and tail of a wolf. He also bears resemblance to mythical monsters like the Minotaur or a werewolf. He also has blue eyes, the one physical feature that does not change whether he is a beast or a human.
As opposed to his original counterpart, Disney gave him a more primal nature to his personality and mannerisms, which truly exploited his character as an untamed animal (i.e. alternating between walking and crawling, animal growls). Producer Don Hahn envisioned that the Beast's psychological state has become increasing feral the longer he was under the curse, such that he would eventually lose his last vestiges of humanity and become completely wild if the spell could not be broken. Hahn's idea doesn't manifest prominently in the finished 1991 animated film, since the Beast is only seen in a brief scene some time after his transformation while much of the narrative starts during the later period of the curse.
In the original tale, the Beast is seen to be kind-hearted for the most part, and gentleman-like, with only an occasional tendency to be hot-tempered. Disney's interpretation of the Beast made him more constantly angry and depressed, due to the shame from his unkind actions which led to his transformation, and particularly his struggle of reconciling his hideous appearance with his inner humanity which made him feel hopeless about breaking the curse. Supervising animator Glen Keane describes The Beast as "a twenty-one-year-old guy who's insecure, wants to be loved, wants to love, but has this ugly exterior and has to overcome this."[3] Upon his reform under his love interest Belle, his personality changes to refined and more even-tempered, while naive about the world at the same time.
To reflect his early personality, the Beast is seen shirtless, with ragged, dark gray breeches, and a ragged reddish-colored cape with a golden colored circular-shaped clasp. Despite the actual color of his cape being a dark reddish color, the Beast's cape is more often referenced to be purple (and in most of the Beast's subsequent appearances after the film, such as Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas or the Kingdom Hearts games, his cape is colored purple). The reason for this change in color is unknown, although the most likely reason is that the color purple is often associated with royalty. After the Beast saves Belle from a pack of wolves, his dress-style changes to become more formal and disciplined, reflecting a more refined personality as he attempts to win Belle's friendship and love. His most referenced form of dress is his ballroom outfit, which consisted of a golden vest over a white dress shirt with a white kerchief, black dress pants trimmed with gold, and a royal blue ballroom tail coat trimmed with gold, worn during the film's ballroom dance sequence.
The blue tail coat outfit is retained after he was restored back to human, which is meant to be a stark contrast to the royal regalia and armor he was depicted in before his curse. His human form is that of a tall and slender young man with auburn hair and soft cream colored skin while also retaining his bright blue eyes. As human he is simply known as the "Prince", as supervising animator Glen Keane stated that everyone on the production was too busy to give him an alternative name, however some licensed works such as the trivia video game The D Show (1998) have named him "Prince Adam". Disney has come to embrace the name, as seen in multiple pieces of merchandise as well as a plaque hung up in 2012 (and still hangs there as of 2017) in Walt Disney World's Port Orleans Riverside Royal Rooms that clearly states his name as "Prince Adam." [4]
Appearances
Beauty and the Beast
Main article: Beauty and the Beast (1991 film)
The Beast with Belle.
A handsome young prince lives in a luxurious castle in France. He has everything he ever wanted, and as a result, he is spoiled, selfish and unkind. One night, his kindness is put to the test when a beggar woman comes to the castle and asks for shelter from the freezing cold, with a single rose as payment. When he shuns the beggar for her repulsive appearance, she then reveals her true form as a beautiful enchantress. Seeing her beauty and realizing her power, the Prince tries to apologize but she transforms him into a terrifying beast-like creature for his arrogance. She also casts a spell on the entire castle, transforming it into a dark, foreboding place, its lush green grounds into dangerous immortal wolf-infested woods, and the good-natured servants into anthropomorphic household objects to reflect their different personalities. Ashamed of his new appearance, the Beast conceals himself inside his castle with a magic mirror as his only window to the outside world, and an enchanted rose that would act as the curse's timer which would bloom until he turns 21. If the Beast could learn to love a woman and earn her love in return before the final petal fell off the rose, the curse would be broken, but if not he would remain a beast forever. The Beast turns to despair as the years pass by, with little hope of achieving this.
As the enchanted rose reaches late bloom and slowly wilts, the first outsider is an old man named Maurice who accidentally stumbles upon the castle, being allowed inside by the servants for shelter. However, the Beast detains Maurice in the tower as a prisoner for trespassing. Maurice's horse returns back to the village, and then takes Maurice's daughter Belle back to the castle. In the tower Belle confronts Beast and pleads with him to let her father go, offering herself as a prisoner instead, to which the Beast agrees in return for her promise never to leave. Being prodded by his servants into believing that she is the key to breaking the spell, the Beast shows flashes of compassion for the first time despite his overall gruff manner. For instance, he feels some remorse for ejecting her father without a proper farewell, and as an atonement he lets her stay in a furnished room rather than the tower dungeon and places the servants at her disposal. When she enters the castle's forbidden west wing and nearly touches the rose, he frightens her into fleeing the castle via the woods, which he regrets upon realizing that he lost his temper, then he saves her from being killed by wild wolves. The Beast and Belle come to appreciate each other when she brings him back to the castle and tends to his wounds. He strikes up a friendship with her, by giving her the castle library and learns kindness and manners from her. Eventually, the Beast falls in love with Belle, and placing her happiness before his own, he releases her to tend to her sick father, a decision that disheartens him upon realizing that she had not yet returned his love which means that the curse remains unbroken.
A mob from the village comes to storm the castle and kill the Beast, led by a rival suitor named Gaston. Beast is too miserable from Belle's departure to respond to a challenge from Gaston, although his servants manage to beat back the villagers. Upon seeing Belle's return to the castle, the Beast's mood is roused and he duels Gaston upon the castle rooftops. The Beast uses guile to make up for his lack of weaponry, and remains unfazed by frequent taunts from Gaston, who proclaims that handsome appearance is the entitlement to Belle. The Beast eventually overpowers Gaston and intends to drop him until the hunter begs him not to. Not wanting to sink to Gaston's level of behavior, the Beast decides to show mercy and spare Gaston on the condition that he immediately leave the castle. Belle then shows up on the balcony and the Beast climbs up to meet her; however Gaston refuses to accept defeat and stabs the Beast from behind. Gaston loses his balance and falls from the castle roof to his death, but Belle manages to grab the Beast and pull him up. The Beast, knowing he is mortally wounded, expresses his appreciation to Belle for returning and being able to see her one last time, before falling unconscious and apparently succumbing to his injuries. Belle is able to tell the Beast that she loves him before the final petal falls. Then, Belle's declaration of love for the Beast breaks the spell and transforms him back into the prince.
Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas
Main article: Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas
In this film, which takes place not long after the Beast rescued Belle from the wolves, much to Beast's frustration, Belle wants to celebrate Christmas and throw a real Christmas party. Beast hates the idea of Christmas, for it was the very day almost ten years ago when the Enchantress cast the spell on him and the entire castle. (In contrast to the 1991 animated film where the Prince is depicted in stained-glass windows wearing royal regalia and armor before being cursed, the Prince in Enchanted Christmas is dressed simply in a white shirt and black breeches prior to his transformation.) While Beast sits most of the preparations out, a treacherous servant plots to have Belle thrown out of the castle: Forte the Pipe Organ, since he is far more appreciated by the Beast while under the spell.
Unknown to Beast, Belle writes him a special book which he doesn't see until later on. She also meets Forte later on in a chance meeting. Forte tells her that Beast's favorite Christmas tradition was the Christmas tree. Belle becomes frustrated, for no tree she has seen on the grounds has been tall enough to hang ornaments. Forte lies to Belle, saying that a perfect tree can be found in the woods beyond the castle. Reluctant to go against Beast's orders that she never leave the castle, Belle leaves nonetheless in order to find the perfect tree. When Belle does not arrive to see Beast's Christmas present to her, he begins to suspect that she isn't there at all. When Cogsworth, having been ordered to retrieve Belle, explains that the household cannot find her, Beast becomes enraged. He goes to Forte to ask for advice, and Forte lies that Belle has abandoned him. Beast manages to find Belle and saves her in time from drowning after she fell through thin ice.
Still believing that Belle disobeyed him by breaking her promise not to leave, Beast locks her into the dungeons to rot. But when Forte goads him into destroying the rose to end his suffering, Beast finds Belle's book in the West Wing and reads it, coming to his senses and realizing that all Belle wants is for him to be happy. Releasing Belle from the dungeon and asking for her forgiveness, Beast prepares to join in the Christmas festivities. But Forte doesn't give up and even goes as far as to attempt to destroy the entire castle with Beethoven's 5th. Fortunately, Beast finds him in time and destroys his keyboard with Franz Schubert's Symphony No 8. Losing his balance (and his pipes), Forte falls from the wall he is leaned up against and is silenced forever. Later, the castle and servants are arrayed in Christmas decorations when Belle and the Beast do their famous ballroom dance from the first film.
The story flashes forward to the first Christmas after the spell is broken. The Prince and Belle give Chip, Mrs. Potts' son, a book to read, which he loves. As the Prince and Belle come out to the balcony, he gives her a rose as a gift.
Belle's Magical World
Main article: Belle's Magical World
In the final entry of the franchise, made up of four segments from a presumably failed television series, Belle teaches the Beast a thing or two about life itself, consideration and manners. He appears only in the first and fourth segments, and in a cameo in the third. In the first part, The Perfect Word, Beast and Belle have a bitter falling out at dinner when the Beast demands that Cogsworth open the windows to cool him down, despite the fact that he is the only one hot and there is a cold wind, and angrily strikes his servant, Webster, a long-tongued dictionary. Despite Lumiere and Cogsworth's pleas, Beast refuses to apologise for his behaviour, until Webster, Crane and LePlume forge a letter of apology from the Beast to Belle. All is settled, until the Beast realises that it was a forgery. He furiously banishes Webster, Crane and LePlume from the castle, but Belle brings them back from the woods, and the Beast soon learns to forgive them, as their intentions were good.
In the fourth part, The Broken Wing, the Beast loses his temper with Belle again when she brings an injured bird into the castle, as he dislikes birds. As he tries to chase the bird out, however, he falls over on the stairs and hits his head hard, stripping him of his hatred for birds. However, his selfishness still remains, and he locks the bird in a cage in his room, demanding that it sing for him whenever he demands it. The bird, terrified, refuses, until Belle teaches the Beast that the bird will only sing when happy. The Beast lets the bird out, and learns to consider others before himself.
Earlier on, in the third segment, Mrs. Potts' Party, the Beast makes several cameos sleeping in his bed in the West Wing. Dialogue between Lumiere and Cogsworth shows that he had spent the entire previous night mending leaks in the castle roof, and is still resting. An argument between Lumiere and Cogsworth about Mrs. Potts' favourite flowers lead to them having to hide several bunches of flowers around the Beast's bed. At one point, the Beast begins to smell one of the flowers and almost wakes up, but it is removed just in time, and he falls asleep again.
In other media
Beast appears as a major Disney character in the bestselling video game series Kingdom Hearts.
Kingdom Hearts
In the first Kingdom Hearts, during a time in which the spell had not yet broken, Beast's home is attacked by the Heartless, led by Maleficent, who take Belle captive. Determined to rescue Belle, Beast goes as far as to exploit the power of darkness and risk his own life to transport himself to Hollow Bastion, where Belle is being held captive with the other six Princesses of Heart. Upon arriving in Hollow Bastion, Beast is confronted by Riku, who challenges him to a duel and easily defeats him. Beast is saved at the last minute by Sora, Donald and Goofy, who are looking for Kairi. Allying himself with Sora, since Donald and Goofy have temporarily joined Riku, Beast fights the Heartless and protects Sora while they work their way into the Hollow Baston castle. Entering the castle, Beast, Sora, Donald and Goofy fight their way through until they encounter and defeat Maleficent, who transforms into her dragon form and challenges them once again, only to be defeated once more. The four heroes find Kairi, but the circumstances cause Sora, Donald, Goofy and Kairi to leave Hollow Bastion, and Beast states that he will not leave without Belle. Later on, Beast encounters Sora once again when he returns to Hollow Bastion to lock the Keyhole. During their second search, Beast and Sora find Belle, who embraces Beast and presents Sora with the Divine Rose Keychain. In the Final Mix version of the game, Beast allies himself with Sora once again to fight and defeat Xemnas (then known as "Unknown").
Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories
In Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories, Beast is merely a figment of Sora's memories. He is once again separated from Belle, courtesy of Maleficent, but once more, Beast defeats Maleficent with Sora's help and rescues Belle.
Kingdom Hearts II
After Sora defeats Ansem, all the previously attacked worlds are restored, including Beast's Castle. Afterwards, Beast and Belle return to their home to carry on with their lives. However, the peace is shattered once again when Beast is approached by Xaldin of Organization XIII to do his bidding. Xaldin is determined to manipulate Beast into becoming a Heartless. If that happens, Beast will not only become a strong Heartless which Sora would have to destroy and feed to Kingdom Hearts, but also leave behind a powerful Nobody for Xaldin to use as he wishes (just like what happened to Xehanort). Manipulated and controlled, Beast is forced to allow the Heartless into the castle and lock the entire servant staff in the dungeons, with Belle too scared to intervene. Beast starts mistreating Belle. When Sora, Donald and Goofy arrive, they are encountered by Beast, who attacks them without hesitation. Sora wins the battle, and Beast comes back to his senses thanks to his servants who were released by Sora. Xaldin appears to flee. Later on, during a ball, Xaldin returns and steals the rose, throwing Beast into a depression and causing him to ask Belle and Sora to leave his castle. However a pep talk from Sora spurs him back into action. Xaldin confronts them and sends his Nobodies at them. They fight the Nobodies off, but Xaldin escapes to the castle drawbridge with Belle and the rose. Belle manages to escape from Xaldin's clutches with the rose, and Xaldin is then killed by Beast, Sora, Donald and Goofy. Belle gives Beast the rose but he is more relieved that she wasn't hurt. Beast then bids a grateful farewell to Sora, and returns to a normal life with Belle, until the spell is finally broken and Beast turns back into a human at the end of the game (a scene witnessed during the game's credits following completion). Beast's Limit attack for Kingdom Hearts II is Twin Howl, where he and Sora violently roar together and slash at enemies furiously.
Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days
In Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days, Beast appears along with his homeworld again. The missions in Beast's Castle chronicle some of the events that occurred between Kingdom Hearts and Kingdom Hearts II, such as Belle and Beast attempting to resume their normal lives and Beast's first encounter with Xaldin.
Broadway musical
Main article: Beauty and the Beast (musical)
The Beast appears in the Broadway musical adaptation of Disney's Beauty and the Beast, originally portrayed by Terrence Mann.[5] Other actors who have taken on the role include Chuck Wagner (1997),[5] James Barbour (1998), Jeff McCarthy (2004), and Steve Blanchard.[6]
The D Show
The movie and others never made mention of his real name. A CD-ROM game[7] said "The Prince's name is Adam."
Once Upon a Time
In the 2011 ABC series Once Upon a Time, the show's version of "the Beast" is actually another fairy tale character, Rumplestiltskin (played by Robert Carlyle), who gains possession of Belle as part of a deal to save Belle's kingdom from losing a war.
I (film)
Main article: I (film)
Indian actor Vikram portrayed Beast for sequences in a dreamy song "Ennodu Nee Irundhal" in the 2015 Tamil language film "I" opposite Amy Jackson who portrayed Belle.[8] The original prosthetic make-up for the characters were provided by Sean Foot (Shaun) and Davina Lamont and additional works were done by National Film Award winners—Christien Tinsley and Dominie Till.[9][10]
Beauty and the Beast (2017 live action film)
Main article: Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)
In March 2015, English actor Dan Stevens was cast as the Beast in a live-action adaptation of the film, which was released on March 17, 2017.[11] The Beast was portrayed with a “more traditional motion capture puppeteering for the body and the physical orientation", where Stevens was "in a forty-pound gray suit on stilts for much of the film". The facial capture for the Beast was done separately order to "communicate the subtleties of the human face" and "[capture the] thought that occurs to him" which gets "through [to] the eyes, which are the last human element in the Beast.”[12]
The live-action portrayal closely follows the animated version, but with some differences. The backstory is expanded and reveals that the Prince's mother died of an illness when he was a boy, leaving his father to raise him. He eventually grew up to be as vain, self-centered and arrogant as his father, and he taxed the villagers of his kingdom harshly.
The Prince was hosting a debutante ball at his castle when a beggar woman appeared at his castle and offered a single rose as payment for shelter from an oncoming storm. The Prince turned her away twice, prompting the beggar to reveal herself to be an enchantress. The Enchantress placed a powerful spell upon the kingdom, turning the Prince into a beast and the servants into animated household objects, while also wiping all memory of the castle from the nearby village's inhabitants. If the Beast was unable to love another and earn that person's love in return, by the time the last petal on the enchanted rose fell, he would remain a beast forever, and in addition his servants would become inanimate antiques.
The live-action version of the Beast is quite civilized in personality and mannerisms, in contrast to the Beast in the animated film which was originally quite primal in behavior. Although the Beast does not seem to have become increasing feral the longer the enchantment runs, in contrast to his animated counterpart from 1991 (reflecting Don Hahn's original intent for the Beast eventually grow wild if he never met Belle), it is his transformed servants who are gradually losing their remaining humanity while the castle deteriorates.
The last rose petal falls before the curse is broken; however, upon seeing Belle profess her love for the Beast, the enchantress reveals herself and lifts the spell on the castle and its inhabitants. Afterward, Prince and Belle host a ball for all the villagers.
References
Jump up ^ Schrager, Norm (October 8, 2010). "Building a Beast: Interview with Disney Animator Glen Keane". Meet In The Lobby. Meet In The Lobby. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
Jump up ^ Noyer, Jérémie (October 11, 2010). "Beauty And The Beast: Glen Keane on discovering the beauty in The Beast". Animated Views. Animated Views. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
Jump up ^ Thomas, Bob: "Academy Recognition: Beauty and the Beast", pages 127-131. Disney's Art of Animation: From Mickey Mouse to Hercules, 1997
Jump up ^ Good, Jeremiah (2016-01-26). "The Royal Guest Rooms of Port Orleans Riverside - LaughingPlace.com". LaughingPlace.com. Retrieved 2017-09-06.
^ Jump up to: a b "Beauty and the Beast at IBDB.com". www.ibdb.com. Archived from the original on 2 September 2007. Retrieved 2007-08-26.
Jump up ^ Haun, Harry (2007-07-31). "Playbill on Closing Night: Beauty and the Beast — A Roaring Success". www.playbill.com. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 2007-08-26.
Jump up ^ The D Show , Disney Interactive , 1998　ASIN　B000031VV3
Jump up ^ I - Ennodu Nee Irundhaal Video - A.R. Rahman - Vikram -Shankar (video). YouTube (in Tamil). Sony Music India. 3 February 2015. Event occurs at 0:12. Retrieved 6 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Shankar has taken technology to a totally different level in Ai" - PC Sreeram". Behindwoods.com. 22 June 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Vikram stuns everyone with beast get-up". The Times of India. 16 January 2017. Retrieved 6 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Borys Kit (4 March 2015). "Disney's 'Beauty and the Beast' Casting Dan Stevens as the Beast (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter.
Jump up ^ Erbland, Kate. "'Beauty and the Beast' Is a Technological Marvel, But for Its Actors, the Challenge was Daunting". IndieWire. Penske Business Media. Retrieved 23 March 2017.

[hide]
v
t
e
Disney's Beauty and the Beast
Films
Animation
Beauty and the Beast (1991)
Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas (1997)
Belle's Magical World (1998)
Belle's Tales of Friendship (1999)
Live-action
Beauty and the Beast (2017)
Adaptations
Musical (1994)
The Fire Rose (novel) 1995
Live on Stage (1991)
Sing Me a Story with Belle (1995–1999)
Be Our Guest Restaurant (2012)
Video games
Beauty & The Beast: Belle's Quest (1993)
Beauty & The Beast: Roar of the Beast (1993)
Beauty and the Beast (1994; NES)
Disney's Beauty and the Beast (1994; Super NES)
Disney's Beauty and the Beast Print Kit (1994)
Disney's Beauty & The Beast: A Boardgame Adventure (1999)
Disney's Beauty and the Beast Magical Ballroom (2000)
Music
1991 film soundtrack
"Belle"
"Gaston"
"Be Our Guest"
"Something There"
"Beauty and the Beast"
"The Mob Song"
1994 musical soundtrack
"If I Can't Love Her"
"Human Again"
"A Change in Me"
2017 film soundtrack
"How Does a Moment Last Forever"
"Days in the Sun"
"Evermore"
Related
The Music Behind the Magic
Characters
Belle
Beast
Gaston
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Matt Campbell (American football coach)
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Matt Campbell
Campbell at 2017 Big 12 Media Days
Sport(s)
Football
Current position
Title
Head coach
Team
Iowa State
Conference
Big 12
Record
11–14
Annual salary
$3.5 Million (2018-2019 season)
Biographical details
Born
(1979-11-29) November 29, 1979 (age 38)
Massillon, Ohio
Alma mater
Mount Union
Playing career
1998
Pittsburgh
1999–2002
Mount Union
Position(s)
Defensive Lineman
Coaching career (HC unless noted)
2003–2004
Bowling Green (GA)
2005–2006
Mount Union (OC/OL)
2007
Bowling Green (OL)
2008
Bowling Green (RGC/OL)
2009
Toledo (RGC/OL)
2010–2011
Toledo (OC/OL)
2011
Toledo (interim HC)
2012–2015
Toledo
2016–present
Iowa State
Head coaching record
Overall
46–29
Bowls
3–1
Accomplishments and honors
Championships
2 MAC West Division (2014, 2015)
Awards
MAC Coach of the Year (2015)
Big 12 Coach of the Year (2017)
Matthew Allen Campbell (born November 29, 1979) is an American football coach who is the current head coach at Iowa State. He was head coach at Toledo from 2011 to 2015. Prior to that, Campbell had been an assistant at Toledo, Bowling Green, and Mount Union. Campbell grew up in Ohio and briefly attended the University of Pittsburgh before transferring to Mount Union, where he played defensive line.
Contents
[hide]
1 Playing career
2 Coaching career
2.1 Toledo
2.2 Iowa State
3 Head coaching record
4 Coaching tree
5 References
6 External links
Playing career[edit]
Campbell was born in Massillon, Ohio. Rick, his father, coached football at Massillon Jackson High School.[1] Matt played football at rival Massillon Perry, which won three conference championships while he was on the team.[2] Campbell initially attended the University of Pittsburgh on a scholarship in 1998, but transferred to the University of Mount Union after a year.[3] At Mount Union Campbell played on the defensive line between 1999–2002.[4] At Mount Union Campbell played for head coach Larry Kehres, whose teams won three Division III championships during Campbell's career. Campbell himself was twice named to the College Football All-America Team and named Ohio Athletic Conference Defensive Lineman of the Year.[5]
Coaching career[edit]
After college, Campbell stayed within Ohio and took a job as a graduate assistant at Bowling Green State University from 2003–2004.[6] While at Bowling Green Scott Pioli, then the director of player personnel for the New England Patriots, offered Campbell an interview for a job at the team, but Campbell declined.[2] Campbell returned to Mount Union for 2005–2006 as offensive coordinator; Mount Union won the Division III championship both years.[6] Campbell then went back to Bowling Green for two years, first as offensive line coach (2007) and then as offensive line coach/run game coordinator (2008). The University of Toledo hired him as the run game coordinator for the 2009 season. This move reunited him with head coach Tim Beckman, defensive coordinator at Bowling Green during Campbell's first stint there.[7]
Toledo[edit]
Toledo promoted Campbell to offensive coordinator in 2010. Toledo made Campbell the permanent head coach at the end of 2011 when Beckman departed for the University of Illinois. He was 32 years old and the youngest head coach in the Football Bowl Subdivision.[8] Two weeks into the job, Toledo defeated Air Force in the Military Bowl.[2] Reportedly Campbell passed on a chance to serve on Urban Meyer's staff at The Ohio State University.[9] Campbell coached four full seasons at Toledo: 2012–2015, amassing a record of 35–15.[4] The 2015 team peaked at No. 20 in the AP Poll, including a victory over Arkansas.[9]
Iowa State[edit]
Campbell at the 2016 Iowa State spring football game.
Iowa State University named Campbell its head coach on November 29, 2015, his 36th birthday, replacing the fired Paul Rhoads. Iowa State Cyclones head coach Matt Campbell signed a six-year, $22.5 million extension with the school on November 27th 2017.[10] On November 30th, 2017, Campbell was named the Big 12 Coach of the Year.[11]
Head coaching record[edit]
Year
Team
Overall
Conference
Standing
Bowl/playoffs
Coaches#
AP°
Toledo Rockets (Mid-American Conference) (2011–2015)
2011 Toledo 1–0 0–0 W Military
2012 Toledo 9–4 6–2 T–2nd (West) L Famous Idaho Potato
2013 Toledo 7–5 5–3 T–3rd (West)
2014 Toledo 9–4 7–1 T–1st (West) W GoDaddy
2015 Toledo 9–2 6–2 T–1st (West) Boca Raton*
Toledo: 35–15 24–8 * Departed Toledo for Iowa State before bowl game
Iowa State Cyclones (Big 12 Conference) (2016–present)
2016 Iowa State 3–9 2–7 9th
2017 Iowa State 8–5 5–4 T–4th W Liberty
Iowa State: 11–14 7–11
Total: 46–29
National championship Conference title Conference division title or championship game berth
†Indicates Bowl Coalition, Bowl Alliance, BCS, or CFP / New Years' Six bowl.
#Rankings from final Coaches Poll.
°Rankings from final AP Poll.
Coaching tree[edit]
Assistant coaches under Matt Campbell who became NCAA head coaches:
Tom Matukewicz: Southeast Missouri State (2014–present)
Jason Candle: Toledo (2016–present)
References[edit]
Scott Satterfield:Appalachian State
Jump up ^ Chatmon, Brandon (November 29, 2015). "Five things to know about new Iowa State coach Matt Campbell". ESPN.com. Retrieved November 29, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Russo, Ralph D. (November 2, 2015). "Toledo's Campbell rockets up coaching ranks". Associated Press. Retrieved November 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ Rittenberg, Adam (October 27, 2015). "Campbell finds ambition in building something special". ESPN.com. Retrieved November 29, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Matt Campbell leaves Toledo to take over program at Iowa State". The Plain Dealer. Associated Press. November 29, 2015. Retrieved November 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ James, Bob (November 29, 2015). "Iowa State Hires New Football Coach". KHAK. Retrieved November 29, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Donia, Joey (November 29, 2015). "Iowa State football names Matt Campbell Head Coach". KWQC-TV. Retrieved November 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ Silka, Zach (December 11, 2011). "Born to coach: Campbell comes from football family". The Blade. Retrieved November 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ Porter, Todd (December 12, 2011). "Toledo names Perry grad Matt Campbell head coach". The Repository. Retrieved November 29, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Wolken, Dan (October 20, 2015). "For No. 20 Toledo and Matt Campbell, little things lead to big success". USA Today. Retrieved November 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ Zucker, Joseph. "Matt Campbell, Iowa St. Agree to New 6-Year, $22.5M Contract After 7-5 Season".
Jump up ^ "Iowa State's Matt Campbell named Big 12 Coach of the Year - The Gazette".
External links[edit]
Biography portal
College football portal
Iowa State profile
[show]
v
t
e
Toledo Rockets head football coaches
John Brandeberry (1917)
James Baxter (1918)
Walt Hobt (1919–1920)
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[show]
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Iowa State Cyclones head football coaches
Ira C. Brownlie (1892)
W. P. Finney (1893)
Bert German & Pop Warner (1894–1898)
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C. E. Woodruff (1900)
Edgar M. Clinton (1901)
A. W. Ristine (1902–1906)
Clyde Williams (1907–1912)
Homer C. Hubbard (1913–1914)
Charles Mayser (1915–1919)
Norman C. Paine (1920)
Maury Kent (1921)
Sam Willaman (1922–1925)
C. Noel Workman (1926–1930)
George F. Veenker (1931–1936)
James J. Yeager (1937–1940)
Ray Donels (1941–1942)
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Jim Myers (1957)
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Johnny Majors (1968–1972)
Earle Bruce (1973–1978)
Donnie Duncan (1979–1982)
Jim Criner (1983–1986)
Jim Walden (1987–1994)
Dan McCarney (1995–2006)
Gene Chizik (2007–2008)
Paul Rhoads (2009–2015)
Matt Campbell (2016– )
[show]
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e
Current head football coaches of the Big 12 Conference
Matt Rhule (Baylor)
Matt Campbell (Iowa State)
David Beaty (Kansas)
Bill Snyder (Kansas State)
Lincoln Riley (Oklahoma)
Mike Gundy (Oklahoma State)
Gary Patterson (TCU)
Tom Herman (Texas)
Kliff Kingsbury (Texas Tech)
Dana Holgorsen (West Virginia)
[show]
v
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e
Big 12 Coach of the Year winners
1996 Dikes
1997 Simmons
1998 Snyder
1999 Solich
2000 Stoops
2001 Solich
2002 Snyder
2003 Stoops
2004 McCarney
2005 Brown
2006 Stoops
2007 Mangino
2008 Leach and Stoops
2009 Brown
2010 Gundy
2011 Snyder
2012 Snyder
2013 Briles
2014 Patterson
2015 Stoops
2016 Stoops
2017 Campbell
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matt_Campbell_(American_football_coach)&oldid=822300768"
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text:
Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about the song. For Kurt Nilsen album, see Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas (album). For the House episode, see Merry Little Christmas.
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas"
Song by Judy Garland[1] in the 1944 musical Meet Me in St. Louis
Released
1944 (1944)
Genre
Traditional pop
Composer(s)
Hugh Martin
Lyricist(s)
Ralph Blane
"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas", a song written by Hugh Martin and Ralph Blane, was introduced by Judy Garland in the 1944 MGM musical Meet Me in St. Louis. Frank Sinatra later recorded a version with modified lyrics. In 2007, ASCAP ranked "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" the third most performed Christmas song, during the preceding five years, that had been written by ASCAP members.[2] In 2004 it finished at No. 76 in AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs rankings of the top tunes in American cinema.
Contents
[hide]
1 Meet Me in St. Louis
2 Lyrics
3 Songwriting collaboration controversy
4 The Victors
5 Sam Smith version
5.1 Track listing
5.2 Charts
6 Other notable recordings
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Meet Me in St. Louis[edit]
The song was written while Martin was vacationing in a flat in the neighborhood of Southside in Birmingham, Alabama, that his father Hugh Martin[3] designed for his mother as a honeymoon cottage. Located at 1919 South 15th Avenue (just down the street from his birthplace at 1900 South 14th Avenue), the house became the home of Martin and his family in 1923.[4] The song first appeared in a scene in Meet Me in St. Louis, in which a family is distraught by the father's plans to move to New York City for a job promotion, leaving behind their beloved home in St. Louis, Missouri, just before the long-anticipated 1904 World's Fair begins. In a scene set on Christmas Eve, Judy Garland's character, Esther, sings the song to cheer up her despondent five-year-old sister, Tootie, played by Margaret O'Brien.[5]
Lyrics[edit]
Some of the original lyrics that were penned by Martin were rejected before filming began. They were:[6]
Have yourself a merry little Christmas
It may be your last
Next year we may all be living in the past
Have yourself a merry little Christmas
Pop that champagne cork
Next year we may all be living in New York
No good times like the olden days
Happy golden days of yore
Faithful friends who were dear to us
Will be near to us no more
But at least we all will be together
If the Lord allows
From now on, we'll have to muddle through somehow
So have yourself a merry little Christmas now[7]
When presented with the original draft lyric, Garland, her co-star Tom Drake and director Vincente Minnelli criticized the song as depressing, and asked Martin to change the lyrics. Though he initially resisted, Martin made several changes to make the song more upbeat. For example, the lines "It may be your last / Next year we may all be living in the past" became "Let your heart be light / Next year all our troubles will be out of sight". Garland's version of the song, which was also released as a single by Decca Records, became popular among United States troops serving in World War II; her performance at the Hollywood Canteen brought many soldiers to tears.[8]
In 1957, Frank Sinatra asked Martin to revise the line "Until then we'll have to muddle through somehow." He told Martin, "The name of my album is A Jolly Christmas. Do you think you could jolly up that line for me?"[7] Martin's new line was "Hang a shining star upon the highest bough." Martin made several other alterations, changing the song's focus to a celebration of present happiness, rather than anticipation of a better future. On The Judy Garland Show Christmas Special, Garland sings the song to her children Joey and Lorna Luft with Sinatra's alternate lyrics.[9]
The lyrics Garland sang in Meet Me in St. Louis have been recorded with only slight variations by a number of artists, including Sinatra (in 1950 and 1963 single recordings), Bing Crosby (in I Wish You a Merry Christmas), Doris Day (in The Doris Day Christmas Album), Ella Fitzgerald (in Ella Wishes You a Swinging Christmas), The Pretenders (in the first A Very Special Christmas compilation), James Taylor (in October Road), and Luther Vandross (in This Is Christmas).[7]
In 2001, Martin, occasionally active as a pianist with religious ministries since the 1980s, wrote an entirely new set of lyrics to the song with John Fricke, "Have Yourself a Blessed Little Christmas," a religious version of the secular Christmas standard. The song was recorded by gospel female vocalist Del Delker with Martin accompanying her on piano.[10]
In 2002, NewSong lead singer Michael O'Brien noted the line "through the years, we all will be together if the Lord allows," which was part of the original song, was purged and replaced with "if the fates allow" to remove religious reference when the song was released. He noted while a pastor in a California church in 1990 that he had met Martin, who played piano at the church where O'Brien was serving for an evening, and the pastor was told, "That's the original way I wrote it, so I want you to sing it this way."[11]
Songwriting collaboration controversy[edit]
Although Ralph Blane is credited with writing the music for many of Martin's songs, Martin claimed in his autobiography that he wrote both music and lyrics to all of the songs in Meet Me in St. Louis and that "all of the so-called Martin and Blane songs, (except for Best Foot Forward), were written entirely by me (solo) without help from Ralph or anybody else."[12] His explanation for allowing Blane equal credit for the songs was: "I was reasonably content to let him receive equal screen credit, sheet music credit, ASCAP royalties, etc., mainly because this bizarre situation was caused by my naive and atrocious lack of business acumen."[12]
The Victors[edit]
Frank Sinatra's third recording of the song, backed by popular Hollywood arranger Gus Levene and his orchestra,[13] was controversially used by director Carl Foreman in his 1963 anti-war film The Victors as the soundtrack backdrop (along with the carol "Hark! The Herald Angels Sing") to the execution by firing squad of a G.I. deserter in a bleak, snowy field on Christmas Eve – a scene inspired by the real-life execution of Pvt. Eddie Slovik in 1945. The New York Times film reviewer, while recognising the power of the scene, complained that "the device itself is almost as specious and sentimental as what [Foreman] is trying to mock".[14]
Sam Smith version[edit]
"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas"
Single by Sam Smith
Released
December 6, 2014
Format
Digital download
Genre
Pop
Length
2:50
Label
Capitol
Songwriter(s)
Ralph Blane
Hugh Martin
Sam Smith singles chronology
"Like I Can"
(2014) "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas"
(2014) "Lay Me Down"
(2015)
"Like I Can"
(2014) "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas"
(2014) "Lay Me Down"
(2015)
On December 6, 2014, English singer Sam Smith released a cover version on the song. The song debuted at number 90 on the Billboard Hot 100, the first time a version of the song has charted on the Hot 100.[15] In Australia, the song charted at number 63, the second time a version of the song has charted, after Michael Bublé's version reached number 98 in 2011.[16]
Track listing[edit]
Digital download[17]
"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" – 2:50
Charts[edit]
Chart (2014–18)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[18]
63
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[19]
69
Belgium (Ultratip Flanders)[20]
53
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[21]
66
Canada AC (Billboard)[22]
8
Canada Hot AC (Billboard)[23]
49
Czech Republic (Singles Digitál Top 100)[24]
96
Denmark (Tracklisten)[25]
34
Germany (Official German Charts)[26]
62
Ireland (IRMA)[27]
60
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[28]
33
Norway (VG-lista)[29]
27
Portugal (AFP)[30]
91
Scotland (Official Charts Company)[31]
57
Slovakia (Singles Digitál Top 100)[32]
68
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[33]
38
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[34]
74
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[35]
65
US Billboard Hot 100[36]
90
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[37]
6
US Holiday 100 (Billboard)[38]
9
Other notable recordings[edit]
1944 Judy Garland reached No. 27 in Billboard charts.[39]
1947 Frank Sinatra recorded July 3, 1947[40] and included in the album Christmas Songs by Sinatra.
1957 Frank Sinatra recorded July 16, 1957[41] and included in the album A Jolly Christmas from Frank Sinatra.
See also[edit]
List of number-one adult contemporary singles of 2016 (U.S.)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Studwell, William Emmett (1995). "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas". The Christmas carol reader. Routledge. p. 136. ISBN 1-56023-872-0.
Jump up ^ "ASCAP Announces Top 25 Holiday Songs" (Press release). ASCAP. November 12, 2007. Retrieved December 21, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Hugh Martin".
Jump up ^ Martin, Hugh (2010). The Boy Next Door. Trolley Press. pp. 9–10. ISBN 978-0-615-36507-7.
Jump up ^ Dirks, Tim (1996). "Meet Me in St. Louis (1944)". The Greatest Films. Retrieved December 21, 2007.
Jump up ^ Martin, Hugh (2010). The Boy Next Door. Trolley Press. pp. 196–197. ISBN 978-0-615-36507-7.
^ Jump up to: a b c Willman, Chris (December 22, 2006). "There's Something About Merry". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 21, 2007.
Jump up ^ Collins, Ace (2001). Stories Behind the Best-Loved Songs of Christmas. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan. pp. 78–79. ISBN 0-310-23926-5.
Jump up ^ "The Christmas Special". The Judy Garland Show. Season 1. Episode 15. Los Angeles. December 22, 1963. 1:54 minutes in. CBS. CBS Television City.
Jump up ^ "The Carpenter and the King". The Voice of Prophesy. Archived from the original on November 30, 2010. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
Jump up ^ CBS.COM – The Christmas Shoes Archived August 8, 2007, at the Wayback Machine. from CBS
^ Jump up to: a b Martin, Hugh (2010). The Boy Next Door. Trolley Press. pp. 390–392. ISBN 978-0-615-36507-7.
Jump up ^ Leigh, Spencer (September 25, 2015). Frank Sinatra: An Extraordinary Life. McNidder and Grace Limited. p. 335. ISBN 978-0-85716-088-1.
Jump up ^ The Grim Message of War: Foreman's 'The Victors' at Two Theaters, by Bosley Crowther, New York Times, December 20, 1963
Jump up ^ Gary, Trust (December 19, 2014). "Hot 100 Chart Moves: Sam Smith Brings 'Merry Little Christmas' to Chart for First Time". Billboard magazine. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ Ryan, Gavin (December 20, 2014). "ARIA Singles: Mark Ronson and Bruno Mars Stay At No 1". Noise11. Noise Network. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ "iTunes - Music - Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas - Single by Sam Smith". iTunes Store (US). Apple Inc. December 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The ARIA Report: Issue 1295 (Week Commencing 22 December 2014)" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association. p. 4. Retrieved December 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Austriancharts.at – Sam Smith – Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved January 4, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Sam Smith – Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas" (in Dutch). Ultratip. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Sam Smith Chart History (Canadian Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved January 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Sam Smith Chart History (Canada AC)". Billboard. Retrieved January 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Sam Smith Chart History (Canada Hot AC)". Billboard. Retrieved January 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ "ČNS IFPI" (in Czech). Hitparáda – Digital Top 100 Oficiální. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 201552,53 into search. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Track Top-40 Uge 52, 2017". Hitlisten. Retrieved January 3, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Sam Smith – Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas". GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "IRMA – Irish Charts". Irish Recorded Music Association. Retrieved December 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Sam Smith – Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "VG-lista – Topp 20 Single uke 52, 2017". VG-lista. Retrieved December 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Portuguesecharts.com – Sam Smith – Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas". AFP Top 100 Singles. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
Jump up ^ "Official Scottish Singles Sales Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "SNS IFPI" (in Slovak). Hitparáda – Singles Digital Top 100 Oficiálna. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 201552,53 into search. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Sverigetopplistan – Sveriges Officiella Topplista". Sverigetopplistan. Retrieved December 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Swisscharts.com – Sam Smith – Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved December 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Sam Smith Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved January 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Sam Smith Chart History (Adult Contemporary)". Billboard. Retrieved January 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Sam Smith – Chart Results: Holiday 100". Billboard. Retrieved August 11, 2015.
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (1986). Joel Whitburn's Pop Memories 1890-1954. Wisconsin, USA: Record Research Inc. p. 170. ISBN 0-89820-083-0.
Jump up ^ "Frank Sinatra Discography". jazzdiscography.com. Retrieved May 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Frank Sinatra Discography". jazzdiscography.com. Retrieved May 29, 2017.
External links[edit]
Entertainment Weekly article – with the history of the song's lyrics, including three different versions
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
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Motown (2003)
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"I Keep Forgettin' (Every Time You're Near)"
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"Baby I Need Your Lovin'"
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"Walk On By"
"(Your Love Keeps Lifting Me) Higher and Higher"
"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas!"
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"Higher Window"
"Brave"
"I Believe (When I Fall in Love It Will Be Forever)"
Other songs
"All I Ask of You"
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Straight to You Tour (2011)
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Discography
[show]
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Katharine McPhee
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"Lick My Lips"
"Night and Day"
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"Let Me Be Your Star"
"The 20th Century Fox Mambo"
"Touch Me"
"A Thousand and One Nights"
"Never Give All the Heart"
"Smash!"
"Don't Forget Me"
Tours
"American Idols LIVE! Tour 2006"
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Have_Yourself_a_Merry_Little_Christmas&oldid=818850362"
Categories:
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