text:
Connective tissue
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Connective tissue
Section of epididymis. Connective tissue (blue) is seen supporting the epithelium (purple)
Identifiers
FMA
9640
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
Connective tissue (CT) is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. It develops from the mesoderm. Connective tissue is found in between other tissues everywhere in the body, including the nervous system. In the central nervous system, the three outer membranes (the meninges) that envelope the brain and spinal cord are composed of connective tissue.
All connective tissue consists of three main components: fibers (elastic and collagenous fibers),[1] ground substance and cells. Not all authorities include blood[2] or lymph as connective tissue because they lack the fiber component. All are immersed in the body water.
The cells of connective tissue include fibroblasts, adipocytes, macrophages, mast cells and leucocytes.
Contents
[hide]
1 Structure
1.1 Characteristics
2 Function
3 Clinical significance
4 Staining of connective tissue
5 See also
6 Notes and references
7 External links
Structure[edit]
Connective tissue can be broadly subdivided into connective tissue proper, and special connective tissue.[3][4] Connective tissue proper consists of loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue (which is further subdivided into dense regular and dense irregular connective tissues.)[5] Special connective tissue consists of reticular connective tissue, adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, and blood.[6] Other kinds of connective tissues include fibrous, elastic, and lymphoid connective tissues.[7] New vascularised connective tissue that forms in the process of wound healing is termed granulation tissue.[8] Fibroblasts are the cells responsible for the production of some CT.
Type I collagen is present in many forms of connective tissue, and makes up about 25% of the total protein content of the mammalian body.[9]
Characteristics[edit]
Characteristics of CT:
Cells are spread through an extracellular fluid.
Ground substance - A clear, colorless, and viscous fluid containing glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans to fix the body water and the collagen fibers in the intercellular spaces. Ground substance slows the spread of pathogens.
Fibers. Not all types of CT are fibrous. Examples of non-fibrous CT include adipose tissue and blood. Adipose tissue gives "mechanical cushioning" to the body, among other functions.[10][11] Although there is no dense collagen network in adipose tissue, groups of adipose cells are kept together by collagen fibers and collagen sheets in order to keep fat tissue under compression in place (for example, the sole of the foot). The matrix of blood is plasma.
Both the ground substance and proteins (fibers) create the matrix for CT. Connective tissues are derived from the mesenchyme.
Types of fibers:
Tissue
Purpose
Components
Location
Collagenous fibers Bind bones and other tissues to each other Alpha polypeptide chains tendon, ligament, skin, cornea, cartilage, bone, blood vessels, gut, and intervertebral disc.
Elastic fibers Allow organs like arteries and lungs to recoil Elastic microfibril and elastin extracellular matrix
Reticular fibers Form a scaffolding for other cells Type III collagen liver, bone marrow, and lymphatic organs
Function[edit]
Connective tissue has a wide variety of functions that depend on the types of cells and the different classes of fibers involved. Loose and dense irregular connective tissue, formed mainly by fibroblasts and collagen fibers, have an important role in providing a medium for oxygen and nutrients to diffuse from capillaries to cells, and carbon dioxide and waste substances to diffuse from cells back into circulation. They also allow organs to resist stretching and tearing forces. Dense regular connective tissue, which forms organized structures, is a major functional component of tendons, ligaments and aponeuroses, and is also found in highly specialized organs such as the cornea.[12]:161 Elastic fibers, made from elastin and fibrillin, also provide resistance to stretch forces.[12]:171 They are found in the walls of large blood vessels and in certain ligaments, particularly in the ligamenta flava.[12]:173
In hematopoietic and lymphatic tissues, reticular fibers made by reticular cells provide the stroma—or structural support—for the parenchyma—or functional part—of the organ.[12]:171
Mesenchyme is a type of connective tissue found in developing organs of embryos that is capable of differentiation into all types of mature connective tissue.[13] Another type of relatively undifferentiated connective tissue is mucous connective tissue, found inside the umbilical cord.[12]:160
Various types of specialized tissues and cells are classified under the spectrum of connective tissue, and are as diverse as brown and white adipose tissue, blood, cartilage and bone.[12]:158 Cells of the immune system, such as macrophages, mast cells, plasma cells and eosinophils are found scattered in loose connective tissue, providing the ground for starting inflammatory and immune responses upon the detection of antigens.[12]:161
Clinical significance[edit]
Main articles: Connective tissue disease and Connective tissue neoplasm
It is estimated that 1 in 10 people have a connective tissue disorder.[14][better source needed] Diseases of connective tissue include:
Connective tissue neoplasms including sarcomas such as hemangiopericytoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in nervous tissue.
Congenital diseases include Marfan syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.
Myxomatous degeneration – a pathological weakening of connective tissue.
Mixed connective tissue disease – a disease of the autoimmune system, also undifferentiated connective tissue disease.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) – a major autoimmune disease of connective tissue
Scurvy, caused by a deficiency of vitamin C which is necessary for the synthesis of collagen.
Staining of connective tissue[edit]
For microscopic viewing, most of the connective tissue staining-techniques, color tissue fibers in contrasting shades. Collagen may be differentially stained by any of the following:
Van Gieson's stain
Masson's trichrome stain
Mallory's trichrome stain
Aniline blue stain
Eosin
Reticulin stain
See also[edit]
Connective tissue in skeletal muscle
Endometrium
Fascia
Parametrium
Notes and references[edit]
Jump up ^ "Connective Tissue Study Guide". 2 January 2013. Retrieved 26 October 2014.
Jump up ^ Dorland, W. A. Newman (2012). Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (32nd ed.). Elsevier. p. 1931. ISBN 978-1-4160-6257-8.
Jump up ^ Shostak, Stanley. "Connective Tissues". Retrieved 9 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Carol Mattson Porth; Glenn Matfin (1 October 2010). Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health States. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 24–. ISBN 978-1-58255-724-3. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
Jump up ^ Potter, Hugh. "The Connective Tissues". Retrieved 9 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Caceci, Thomas. "Connective Tisues". Retrieved 9 December 2012.
Jump up ^ King, David. "Histology Intro". Retrieved 9 December 2012.
Jump up ^ "Granulation Tissue Definition". Memidex. Retrieved 7 May 2016.
Jump up ^ Di Lullo; G. A. (2002). "Mapping the Ligand-binding Sites and Disease-associated Mutations on the Most Abundant Protein in the Human, Type I Collagen". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (6): 4223–31. PMID 11704682. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110709200.
Jump up ^ Xu, H.; et al. (2008). "Monitoring Tissue Engineering Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging". Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering. 106 (6): 515–527. PMID 19134545. doi:10.1263/jbb.106.515.
Jump up ^ Laclaustra, M.; et al. (2007). "Metabolic syndrome pathophysiology: The role of adiposetissue". Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 17 (2): 125–139. PMID 17270403. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2006.10.005.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Ross M, Pawlina W (2011). Histology: A Text and Atlas (6th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 158–197. ISBN 978-0-7817-7200-6.
Jump up ^ Young B, Woodford P, O'Dowd G (2013). Wheater's Functional Histology: A Text and Colour Atlas (6th ed.). Elsevier. p. 65. ISBN 978-0702047473.
Jump up ^ EDS Awareness.com (2012). "EDS Awareness Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome." Acquired by (EDSawareness.com)
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Connective tissues.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Connective Tissue
Overview at kumc.edu
UIUC Histology Subject 230
Connective tissue atlas at uiowa.edu
Questions and Answers about Heritable Disorders of Connective Tissue - US National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
Connective Tissue Photomicrographs
[show]
v
t
e
Biological tissue
Animals
Epithelium
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
Plants
Dermal
Vascular
Ground
[show]
v
t
e
Connective tissue
Physiology
Soft tissue
Fibrosis
Scarring
Composition
Cells
Resident
Fibroblast
Fibrocyte
Reticular cell
Tendon cell
Adipocyte
Melanocyte
Wandering cells
Mast cell
Macrophage
Extracellular
matrix
Ground substance
Tissue fluid
Fibers
Collagen fibers
Reticular fibers
COL3A1
Elastic fibers
Elastin
Fibrillin
FBN1
FBN2
FBN3
EMILIN1
Elaunin
Classification
Proper
Loose
Reticular
Adipose
Brown
White
Dense
Dense irregular connective tissue
Submucosa
Dermis
Dense regular connective tissue
Ligament
Tendon
Aponeurosis
Embryonic
Mucoid
Mesenchymal
Specialized
Cartilage
Bone
Biology portal
Medicine portal
Neuroscience portal
Authority control
GND: 4006725-7
NDL: 00565679
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connective_tissue&oldid=806540769"
Categories:
Connective tissue
Hidden categories:
All articles lacking reliable references
Articles lacking reliable references from August 2015
Commons category with local link different than on Wikidata
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Use dmy dates from April 2017
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Afrikaans
العربية
বাংলা
Беларуская
Български
Bosanski
Català
Čeština
Cymraeg
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Gaeilge
Galego
한국어
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Hrvatski
Bahasa Indonesia
Interlingua
Íslenska
Italiano
עברית
ქართული
Қазақша
Kurdî
Кыргызча
Latina
Latviešu
Lietuvių
Magyar
Македонски
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Oromoo
Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча
Plattdüütsch
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Scots
සිංහල
Simple English
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
کوردی
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
தமிழ்
తెలుగు
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
اردو
Tiếng Việt
粵語
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 22 October 2017, at 18:07.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: i

value: th

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

attrs: href title

value: td

attrs: scope style

attrs: rel class href

values:
/wiki/Epithelial_tissue
mw-redirect
Epithelial tissue

attrs: alt src width height data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Stroma_(animal_tissue)
mw-redirect
Stroma (animal tissue)

values:
/wiki/Mucous_connective_tissue
mw-redirect
Mucous connective tissue

values: This claim needs references to better sources. (August 2015)

values: noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact

values:
/wiki/Congenital_disease
mw-redirect
Congenital disease

values:
/wiki/Ehlers-Danlos_Syndrome
mw-redirect
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

values:
/wiki/Autoimmune_system
mw-redirect
Autoimmune system

values: Undifferentiated connective tissue disease

values: Edit section: Staining of connective tissue

values:
/wiki/Van_Gieson%27s
mw-redirect
Van Gieson's

values:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11704682

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.M110709200

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19134545

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1263%2Fjbb.106.515

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17270403

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: Template talk:Biological tissue (page does not exist)

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
/wiki/Connective_tissue_proper
mw-redirect
Connective tissue proper

values:
/wiki/Mucoid_connective_tissue
mw-redirect
Mucoid connective tissue

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
noprint metadata navbox
navigation
Portals
font-weight:bold;padding:0.4em 2em

values:
nofollow
external text
http://d-nb.info/gnd/4006725-7

values: Category:All articles lacking reliable references

values: Category:Articles lacking reliable references from August 2015

values: Category:Commons category with local link different than on Wikidata

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Connective_tissue
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: نسيج ضام – Arabic

values: যোজক কলা – Bangla

values: Злучальная тканка – Belarusian

values: Съединителна тъкан – Bulgarian

values:
https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidekude
Sidekude – Estonian
et
et
interlanguage-link-target

values: Συνδετικός ιστός – Greek

values: بافت همبند – Persian

values: Շարակցական հյուսվածք – Armenian

values: संयोजी ऊतक – Hindi

values:
https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandvefur
Bandvefur – Icelandic
is
is
interlanguage-link-target

values: רקמת חיבור – Hebrew

values: შემაერთებელი ქსოვილი – Georgian

values: Дәнекер ұлпасы – Kazakh

values: Туташтырма ткань – Kyrgyz

values:
https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saistaudi
Saistaudi – Latvian
lv
lv
interlanguage-link-target

values: Сврзно ткиво – Macedonian

values:
https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bindevev
Bindevev – Norwegian Nynorsk
nn
nn
interlanguage-link-target

values: Соединительная ткань – Russian

values: සම්බන්ධක පටකය – Sinhala

values: Везивно ткиво – Serbian

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tukikudos
Tukikudos – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values: இணைப்பிழையம் – Tamil

values: ఆధార కణజాలము – Telugu

values: เนื้อเยื่อเกี่ยวพัน – Thai

values: Сполучна тканина – Ukrainian

values: پیوندی نسیج – Urdu

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Connective_tissue rootpage-Connective_tissue vector-experimental-print-styles vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view


text:
Impractical Jokers
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the British television series, see Impractical Jokers UK.
Impractical Jokers
Genre
Hidden camera
Directed by
Peter Fowkes
P. J. Morrison
Starring
Brian "Q" Quinn
James "Murr" Murray
Sal Vulcano
Joe Gatto
Narrated by
Drew Patterson
Bill St. James
Erik Falcon
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
7
No. of episodes
160 (and 27 specials) (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
Charlie DeBevoise
Mark Hickman
Brian Quinn
James Murray
Joe Gatto
Sal Vulcano
Pete McPartland
Simmy Kustanowitz[1]
Location(s)
New York
Camera setup
Hidden camera
Running time
21 minutes (season 1-5)
24 minutes (season 5-present)
Production company(s)
NorthSouth Productions
Distributor
Warner Bros. Television[2]
Release
Original network
TruTV
Comedy Central UK
Picture format
576i (season 1)
1080i (season 2-present)
Original release
December 15, 2011 (2011-12-15) – present
Chronology
Related shows
Impractical Jokers: Inside Jokes
Jokers Wild
Impractical Jokers: After Party
External links
Website
Impractical Jokers is an American hidden camera reality series that premiered on TruTV on December 15, 2011, and is produced by NorthSouth Productions. It follows Joseph "Joe" Gatto, James "Murr" Murray, Brian "Q" Quinn, and Salvatore "Sal" Vulcano, the four members of the comedy troupe The Tenderloins, as they coerce one another into doing public pranks while being filmed by hidden cameras. The show differs from other prank television programs, as the stars of Impractical Jokers do not know the details of the prank until the moment they are performing it on strangers.
It was announced in 2017 that the show will be syndicated to broadcast television outlets via Trifecta Entertainment & Media. It will be cleared in 85% of the U.S. markets.[3]
In March 2018, TruTV announced that the show would be renewed for an eighth season that will have 26 episodes and is expected to air in February of 2019. TruTV also announced that an Impractical Jokers feature-length movie will go into production in the spring of 2018.[4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Development
2 Episodes
3 Statistics
4 Cast
4.1 Main
4.2 Guest appearances
5 Reception
6 Impractical Jokers: Inside Jokes
7 Impractical Jokers: After Party
8 Impractical Jokers movie
9 International versions
10 International broadcasts
11 References
12 External links
Development[edit]
Intertitle used since Season 3. From left to right: Q, Murr, Sal, and Joe.
Joseph "Joe" Gatto, James "Murr" Murray, Brian "Q" Quinn, and Salvatore "Sal" Vulcano, four high school friends who attended Monsignor Farrell High School, from Staten Island, New York, formed the live improv and sketch comedy troupe The Tenderloins in 1999.
After a long and successful history, including winning the $100,000 grand prize in NBC's "It’s Your Show" competition, the group went into television. In 2008, they filmed a pilot episode for a scripted sitcom for Spike TV, but the show did not go to series. TruTV announced the series Impractical Jokers, originally slated to be named Mission: Uncomfortable, on April 12, 2011, eight months before the show's debut. Murray explained how the hidden camera format made sense based on the jokesters' skills. "We needed to find the right format... thing is, we've been doing this for years, but when it's on camera, the embarrassment is amplified."[5] Q and Sal have said when they gave their pilot episode to TruTV, it was recorded on their iPhones. At the time they pitched the idea to TruTV, Murray was VP of Development for NorthSouth Productions, the company that has produced the series since its inception.
Episodes[edit]
Main article: List of Impractical Jokers episodes
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
First aired
Last aired
1 16 December 15, 2011 (2011-12-15) May 3, 2012 (2012-05-03)
2 28 September 6, 2012 (2012-09-06) December 12, 2013 (2013-12-12)
3 31 January 2, 2014 (2014-01-02) October 30, 2014 (2014-10-30)
4 26 January 29, 2015 (2015-01-29) October 22, 2015 (2015-10-22)
5 26 February 11, 2016 (2016-02-11) November 3, 2016 (2016-11-03)
6 26 February 9, 2017 (2017-02-09) November 2, 2017 (2017-11-02)
7 26[6] February 1, 2018 (2018-02-01) November 2018 (2018-11)
Specials 27 February 2, 2012 (2012-02-02) TBA
Before every challenge, the Jokers explain where they are, what the challenge is, and what will happen if they fail. Often (but not always) the cast member(s) performing the prank wears an earpiece, while the others have a mic in a covert location. Cameras are hidden near the area to capture the action. The challenge location is usually a public area in or around New York City such as a city park, or store. The criteria of each challenge are the same for each of the Jokers competing in the round. If the Joker cannot complete their task, they get a thumbs-down. At the end of the episode, the Joker or Jokers with the most thumbs down is punished, and the punishments are usually more embarrassing, humiliating, disgusting, painful or scary than any of the challenges. Punishments cannot be refused, or the Joker will be kicked off the show.
Statistics[edit]
Up to date as of April 14, 2018.
Impractical Jokers statistics
Joker
Punishments
Thumbs down
Thumbs up
Challenges
Joe
36 (23.4%) 136 (35.9%) 254 (68.5%) 377 (92.0%)
Murr
50 (34.0%) 168 (48.7%) 228 (59.3%) 379 (92.6%)
Q
40 (26.1%) 140 (38.0%) 252 (69.0%) 375 (91.4%)
Sal
55 (36.0%) 163 (42.6%) 239 (66.2%) 377 (92.0%)
Punishments include double, separate, triple, and in one episode, all four punished.
Some statistics have been rounded.
Some challenges involved double-thumbs down (10) (Sal 4, Murr 3, Joe 2, Q 2); punishment percentage rates are based on total episodes that involve punishments (147 out of 150); challenge percentage rates are based on total challenges attempted (418 as of October 12, 2017).
In some instances, a joker can bet that another Joker can't complete a (usually difficult) task. If the task is complete, the challenge will end (even if not all Jokers participated), and the Joker who loses the bet loses the entire episode, regardless of the loser board. This has only happened on three occasions in the show's run; one of those occasions, the Joker was successful on the bet and didn't take the loss on the episode.
Cast[edit]
The Tenderloins in Times Square in 2010.
Main[edit]
Brian "Q" Quinn (born March 14, 1976) is an improvisational comedian from the New York City borough of Staten Island. He attended Monsignor Farrell High School, where he was involved in numerous activities including drama and sports.[7] He attended Brooklyn College and later went on to join the New York City Fire Department.[8] He is the third host of the podcast Tell 'Em Steve-Dave! on SModcast.com.
James "Murr" Murray (born May 1, 1976) is an improvisational comedian from the New York City borough of Staten Island. He attended Monsignor Farrell High School there, and was also part of a community theatre.[7] He continued his education at Georgetown University where he received a BA in English.[9] He continues to work at NorthSouth Productions, where he is the Senior Vice President of Development.[10]
Salvatore "Sal" Vulcano (born November 5, 1976) is an improvisational and stand-up comedian from the New York City borough of Staten Island. He attended Monsignor Farrell High School, where he took part in various sports such as hockey, basketball and football. He received a degree in Finance from St. John's University.
Joseph "Joe" Gatto Jr. (born June 5, 1976) is an improvisational comedian from the New York City borough of Staten Island, where he attended Monsignor Farrell High School.[7] He studied at LIU Post where he received a degree in Accounting.[11] He founded the Tenderloins comedy troupe in 2000 and worked at the baby retail store Giggle, until January 2011. He is the only married Joker, and has two children with his wife Bessy.[12]
Guest appearances[edit]
Season 2
Season 3
Season 4
Season 5
Season 6
Season 7
Daniel Ribacoff
Rosie O'Donnell
Dan Reynolds
Wayne Sermon
Casey Jost
Rob Emmer
Casey Jost
Joey Fatone
Tommy Dreamer
Soren Thompson
Danica McKellar
Byamba
Grant Marshall
Colin White
Howie Mandel
Johnny Launonen
Mike Langan
Rob Emmer
Joey Fatone
Casey Jost
Johnny Launonen
Rob Emmer
Dr. Frank Contacessa
Alex Brightman
James Buckley
Travis Pastrana
Joey Fatone
Tommy Dreamer
Danica McKellar
Casey Jost
Rob Emmer
Gary Busey
Bully Ray
Velvet Sky
Jesse Bravo
Matthew Lewis
Victoria Justice
Noah Syndergaard
Kayla Harrison
Australia's Thunder from Down Under
Joey Fatone
Soren Thompson
Gary Busey
Kayla Harrison
Casey Jost
Dr. Frank Contacessa
Big Jay Oakerson
Doug McDermott
Enes Kanter
Reception[edit]
Impractical Jokers has been well received by some critics, with Linda Stasi of the New York Post calling it "possibly the funniest, most ridiculous show I’ve seen in years."[13]
While it has been compared to earlier hit prank shows such as Candid Camera and Jackass, critics have offered praise for its unique twist on the genre, wherein the stars' reactions to the pranks are often equally as humorous as those of the innocent bystanders. Neil Genzlinger of The New York Times stated that "the gag pays off twice: once in the reaction of the unsuspecting passer-by, once in the discomfort of the fellow doing the asking." He later wrote that the cast-members' occasional integrity [kept] these four clowns a little bit lovable."[14] Dean Robbins of The Daily Page echoed this sentiment, stating that "the friends are jovial rather than Jackass-obnoxious, even rejecting some dares as too offensive."[15]
The series has been generally well received, garnering 1.5 million viewers during its December 15, 2011, premiere.[16]
The review of the show by Variety's Brian Lowry was less positive, ending with this statement: "Nobody will ever confuse Impractical Jokers with high art, certainly, but as low-brow, micro-cost comedy in the context of TruTV's programming resources, it's actually quite practical—and occasionally funny."[17]
Impractical Jokers: Inside Jokes[edit]
Impractical Jokers: Inside Jokes is a spin-off of Impractical Jokers in which episodes that have already aired are shown again with pop-up facts throughout, including behind-the-scenes stories and facts directly from the Jokers. The first episode of Impractical Jokers: Inside Jokes aired on July 14, 2016, following the mid-season British special.[18][19]
Impractical Jokers: After Party[edit]
Impractical Jokers: After Party is a spin-off hosted by Joey Fatone, in which the Jokers and surprise guests go through a deep dive of challenges, special play-by-play punishment analysis from the latest episode, and bonus content from the latest episode or the whole show. The first episode of the series aired on August 3, 2017 after the episode "The Q-Pay" had aired. After Party is filmed at The Flagship Brewing Company bar in Staten Island.
Impractical Jokers movie[edit]
On March 7, 2018 it was announced that a feature-length Impractical Jokers movie was in the works. It will be directed by Chris Henchy and produced by Funny or Die. Production on the film is set to begin in the spring of 2018.[20]
International versions[edit]
A UK version of Impractical Jokers began airing in winter 2012 on BBC Three. It starred comedians Paul McCaffrey, Joel Dommett, Marek Larwood and Roisin Conaty.[21] The pilot was filmed and placed online as part of "The Comedy Kitchen" in 2012. The first series included six episodes, which aired from November 15 to December 20, 2012. The second series also included six episodes, and aired from February 24 to April 2, 2014. It was produced by Yalli Productions.[22] It was cancelled after Series 2 in April 2014, mainly due to its unpopularity. However, more recently, Comedy Central and Channel 5 picked up the rights to co-produce a third season of Impractical Jokers UK with Yalli Productions, starring Late Night Gimp Fight.[23]
A Dutch version was broadcast on Veronica in 2013, called De Fukkers. In 2015 a new version started at RTL 5, named Foute Vrienden, like the Flemish version.[24]
A Belgian (Flemish) version broadcast on 2BE in the fall of 2012, titled Foute Vrienden. James Murray appeared in episode 5 of the first season.[25] The second season, which started in March 2014, included 10 episodes.
A Brazilian version is currently being broadcast on SBT titled Amigos da Onça. The series premiere aired on January 7, 2013[26] and ended on August 13, 2013. James Murray appeared in episode 3 of the second season.
A Lebanese version was broadcast on Al Jadeed in the fall of 2013.
A Mexican version broadcast on TBS Latin America started on May 20, 2015 with the title Impractical Jokers.
A Greek version was broadcast on Ant1 in February 2014 with the title Wanted.
A French-Canadian version was broadcast on V on February 24, 2014 with the title Les Jokers.
A Swedish version was broadcast on TV6 in April 2014 with the title Radiostyrd.
A Spanish version was broadcast on Neox in 2014 with the title Sinvergüenzas.
An Egyptian version was released in 2015 with the title Al Mohayesoun.[27]
International broadcasts[edit]
On April 18, 2014, during the first ever live recording of their What Say You? podcast at the Prince Charles Cinema in London, Q and Sal stated that, when the BBC bought the rights to create a UK version of the show, they also bought the rights to air the US version of the show in the UK. This was meant to be aired after the first season of the UK show, but the BBC never aired it. However, it finally came to air on August 22, 2014. The US version now airs on Comedy Central UK and Channel 5.
The show is presently airing on RTÉ2 in Ireland.
The series currently airs on Comedy Central India (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan and Maldives), WB Channel (India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan and Maldives) and WB Channel Pakistan (Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Iran and Tajikistan).
The series currently airs in Canada on ACTION, CMT and OLN.[28]
It is currently being shown in Australia on The Comedy Channel.
It is currently being shown in New Zealand on Comedy Central New Zealand.
The series currently airs in France and Belgium on MTV France with the title Les Jokers.
The series currently airs in Italy on DMAX with the title Cattivissimi amici.
The series currently airs in Mexico on cable companies carrying the Tru TV channel with the original title.
The series currently airs in Spain on Neox and Comedy Central Spain with the title Agárralos como Puedas.
The series currently airs in Brazil on TBS with the title Tirando a Maior Onda.
The series currently airs in Bulgaria on BTV with the title Шегаджии.[29]
The series currently airs in Germany on ProSieben Maxx.[30]
The original series currently airs in Poland on TTV.
The original series currently airs in Russia on MTV Russia with the title Нереальные подставы (Unreal Trolling).[31]
The show aired on +TVI and Sic Radical with the original title.
In Malaysia, Impractical Jokers is shown on Warner TV.
The original series currently airs in the Netherlands on RTL 5.
The series currently airs in Vietnam on Warner TV.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (July 22, 2016). "'Impractical Jokers' Renewed For Season 6 By TruTV". Deadline. Retrieved July 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ "WBITVP Appoints Jean-Louis Blot to Lead Warner Bros.' Newly Launched TV Production Operations in France".
Jump up ^ TruTV's 'Impractical Jokers' Cleared in 85% of U.S. - Deadline Hollywood (Published May 24, 2017; accessed September 7, 2017)
Jump up ^ "TruTV Renews 'Impractical Jokers,' Orders Feature Film From Funny or Die (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. 2018-03-08. Retrieved 2018-03-08.
Jump up ^ Moye, David (December 14, 2011). "'Impractical Jokers': TruTV's New Hidden Camera Program (VIDEO)". HuffPost Weird News. TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc. Retrieved January 6, 2012.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (May 12, 2017). "TruTV Renews 'Impractical Jokers', 'Carbonaro Effect', Orders 5 New Series & More". Deadline.com. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c Tulloch, Katrina (2014-08-16). "'Impractical Jokers' star Brian Quinn: April Fools' Day is amateur hour". syracuse.com. Retrieved 2017-06-24.
Jump up ^ Steussy, Lauren (2015-10-20). "Quinn donates $50K: FDNY, not 'Impractical Jokers,' is proudest moment". SILive.com. Retrieved 2017-06-24.
Jump up ^ Fox, Joanne (2013-03-15). "Impractical Jokers present behind-the-scenes look at comedy". Sioux City Journal. Retrieved 2017-06-24.
Jump up ^ "Team | North South". www.northsouth.tv. Retrieved 2017-06-24.
Jump up ^ "Post Homecoming 2015 - Registration Closed - Long Island University". community.liu.edu. Retrieved 2017-06-24.
Jump up ^ Lovece, Frank (2017-02-04). "'Impractical Jokers' reflect on their comedy roots ahead of season 6". Newsday. Retrieved 2017-06-24.
Jump up ^ Stasi, Linda. "Jokers' on you". New York Post. NYP Holdings, Inc. Retrieved January 6, 2012.
Jump up ^ Genzlinger, Neil (December 14, 2011). "Four Pranksters, Giving as Good as They Get". New York Times Television. The New York Times Publishing Company. Retrieved January 6, 2012.
Jump up ^ Robbins, Dean. "Impractical Jokers wallows in embarrassment". Isthmus The Daily Page. Isthmus Publishing Company, Inc. Retrieved January 6, 2012.
Jump up ^ Seidman, Robert. "Thursday Cable Ratings: Jaguars/Falcons Top Nigh". Renew/Cancel Index. TVbytheNumbers. Retrieved January 6, 2012.
Jump up ^ Lowry, Brian. "Impractical Jokers". Variety TV Review. Reed Business Information. Retrieved January 6, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Impractical Jokers: Inside Jokes". truTV. Retrieved July 31, 2016.
Jump up ^ "truTV to Present Mid-Season Premiere IMPRACTICAL JOKERS: BRITISH INVASION, Today". broadwayworld.com. Retrieved July 31, 2016.
Jump up ^ https://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/TV/2018/03/08/Impractical-Jokers-renewed-for-Season-8-feature-film-announced/6241520514929/
Jump up ^ "BBC Impractical Jokers profiles".
Jump up ^ "BBC Three announces series of online pilots - News - British Comedy Guide". Comedy.co.uk. November 30, 2011. Retrieved November 16, 2012.
Jump up ^ Szalai, Georg (February 23, 2015). "'Impractical Jokers' to Get U.K. Version on Viacom's Channel 5, Comedy Central". Hollywood Reporter. Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "RTL 5 maakt Nederlandse versie Foute Vrienden" (in Dutch). Showbizznetwork.nl. February 7, 2015. Retrieved February 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Euro nets line up pranks format | News". C21Media. February 22, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2012.
Jump up ^ ""Amigos da Onça", novo humorístico do SBT, aposta em câmera escondida". UOL. December 28, 2012. Retrieved December 29, 2012.
Jump up ^ Stargate Entertainment - Al Mohayesoun
Jump up ^ "Schedule". action-tv.ca. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Програма - bTV".
Jump up ^ TV-Programm. rtv.de. Retrieved June 25, 2016 (german).
Jump up ^ ""Нереальные подставы" MTV Russia — когда смотреть по ТВ в Шадринске — Яндекс.Телепрограмма".
External links[edit]
Official website of Impractical Jokers
Impractical Jokers on IMDb
[hide]
v
t
e
truTV original programming
Former
1999–2007 debuts
(Court TV)
Anatomy of Crime (2000–02)
Bait Car (2007–12)
Disorder in the Court (2006–11)
Dominick Dunne's Power, Privilege, and Justice (2002–09)
Forensic Files (2000–11)
Haunting Evidence (2005–08)
Hot Pursuit (2002–09)
I, Detective (2001–06)
The Investigators (2004–09)
Inside American Jail (2005–10)
Masterminds (2003–11)
Most Daring (2007–10)
Most Shocking (2006–10)
North Mission Road (2003–07)
Ocean Force (2006–07)
Psychic Detectives (2004–08)
Snap Judgment (1999–2000)
Speeders (2007–09)
Star Jones (2007–08)
Suburban Secrets (2007–08)
Tiger Team (2007)
'Til Death Do Us Part (2007)
Video Justice (2006–07)
2008–17 debuts
All Worked Up (2009–11)
Almost Genius (2015–16)
Barmageddon (2014–15)
Bear Swamp Recovery (2011)
Billy on the Street (2015-17)
Black Gold (2008–13)
Branson Famous (2014–15)
Cash Dome (2013)
Caught Red Handed (2012–13)
Conspiracy Theory with Jesse Ventura (2009–12)
Container Wars (2013)
Fake Off (2014–2015)
Friends of the People (2014–15)
Full Throttle Saloon (2009–14)
Guinness World Records Gone Wild/Unleashed (2013–14)
Hardcore Pawn (2010–15)
It Only Hurts When I Laugh! (2009–2011)
Killer Karaoke (2012–14)
Las Vegas Jailhouse (2010–12)
Lizard Lick Towing (2011–14)
Ma's Roadhouse (2010)
Man vs. Cartoon (2009)
Motor City Masters (2014)
NFL Full Contact (2010)
Operation Repo (2008–14)
Over the Limit (2010)
Police POV (2011–12)
The Principal's Office (2008–09)
Rehab: Party at the Hard Rock Hotel (2008–10)
Six Degrees of Everything (2015)
South Beach Tow (2011–14)
Southern Fried Stings (2010–11)
Speeders Fight Back (2008–09)
Storage Hunters (2011–13)
Street Patrol (2008–09)
Top 20 Most Shocking (2009–12)
Upload with Shaquille O'Neal (2013–14)
Vegas Strip (2011–12)
truTV Presents: World's Dumbest... (2008–14)
Top 20 Funniest/truTV Top Funniest (2013–15)
Current
Impractical Jokers (since 2011)
The Carbonaro Effect (since 2014)
Hack My Life (since 2015)
Fameless (since 2015)
Adam Ruins Everything (since 2015)
Those Who Can't (since 2016)
Comedy Knockout (since 2016)
Impractical Jokers: Inside Jokes (since 2016)
Jon Glaser Loves Gear (since 2016)
I'm Sorry (since 2017)
The Chris Gethard Show (since 2017)
At Home with Amy Sedaris (since 2017)
Talk Show the Game Show (since 2017)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Impractical_Jokers&oldid=837977993"
Categories:
2011 American television series debuts
2010s American comedy television series
2010s American reality television series
American hidden camera television series
TruTV shows
English-language television programs
Hidden categories:
CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)
Use mdy dates from October 2015
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Español
Français
Italiano
עברית
Português
Edit links
This page was last edited on 24 April 2018, at 05:10.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

attrs: colspan class style

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic; background: #CCCCFF; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

values: text-align:center;background: #CCCCFF; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

values:
/wiki/Comedy_Central_UK
mw-redirect
Comedy Central UK

values:
col
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values: wikitable plainrowheaders sortable jquery-tablesorter

values: Edit section: Impractical Jokers: Inside Jokes

values: Edit section: Impractical Jokers: After Party

values:
/wiki/Veronica_(TV_channel)
mw-redirect
Veronica (TV channel)

values:
/wiki/2BE_(TV_channel)
mw-redirect
2BE (TV channel)

values:
/wiki/Comedy_Central_India
mw-redirect
Comedy Central India

values:
/wiki/WB_Channel_Pakistan
mw-redirect
WB Channel Pakistan

values:
/wiki/Comedy_Central_(New_Zealand)
mw-redirect
Comedy Central (New Zealand)

values:
/wiki/TBS_(Latin_American_TV_channel)
mw-redirect
TBS (Latin American TV channel)

values:
/wiki/Sic_Radical
mw-redirect
Sic Radical

values:
nofollow
http://www.northsouth.tv/team/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.c21media.net/archives/77057

values:
nofollow
http://www.action-tv.ca/Schedule/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.btv.bg/programata/
external text

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2100976/
external text

values: Template talk:TruTV (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/The_Investigators_(TruTV_series)
mw-redirect
The Investigators (TruTV series)

values:
/wiki/All_Worked_Up_(TV_series)
mw-redirect
All Worked Up (TV series)

values:
/wiki/Guinness_World_Records_Unleashed
mw-redirect
Guinness World Records Unleashed

values:
/wiki/Lizard_Lick_Towing
mw-redirect
Lizard Lick Towing

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:2011 American television series debuts

values: Category:2010s American comedy television series

values: Category:2010s American reality television series

values: Category:American hidden camera television series

values: Category:CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)

values: Category:Use mdy dates from October 2015

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Impractical_Jokers
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: מעשי ג'וקרים – Hebrew

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Impractical_Jokers rootpage-Impractical_Jokers skin-vector action-view


text:
Baga, Goa
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Baga (disambiguation).
Baga
Town
Baga
Location of Baga in Goa
Baga
Baga (India)
Show map of Goa Show map of India Show all
Coordinates: 15°33′32″N 73°45′12″E / 15.55889°N 73.75333°E / 15.55889; 73.75333Coordinates: 15°33′32″N 73°45′12″E / 15.55889°N 73.75333°E / 15.55889; 73.75333
Country
India
State
Goa
District
North Goa
Sub-district
Bardez
Languages
• Official
Konkani
Time zone
IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN
403516
Area code(s)
083227
Baga a seaside town in Bardez, Goa, India. It comes under the jurisdiction of Calangute, which is 2 km south. Baga is known for its popular beach and Baga Creek. It is visited by thousands of tourists annually.
Baga Beach[edit]
Baga Beach is a popular beach and tourist destination in North Goa.[1][2] Baga is located at the north end of the contiguous beach stretch that starts from Sinquerim, Candolim, leads to Calangute and then to Baga.
Dolphins can be located at around 1–2 km from the shoreline
Parasailing in Baga Beach
The beach contains rows of shacks and fishing boats, and at high tide the beach is narrow.[3]
The beach is named after the Baga Creek, which empties into the Arabian Sea at the north end of the beach.[4]
Baga Beach is also famous for water sports such as parasailing and banana rides, and dolphin cruises. In Baga Beach, new parking has been constructed for around 800 cars or more, and there is baga creek bridge which connects northern part like Arpora, Anjuna etc..
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Jeff Koyen (March 14, 2010). "36 Hours in Goa, India". The New York Times. Retrieved March 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ Tourist Guide to Goa, p. ___ (Sura Books 2007) (ISBN 978-8174782076)
Jump up ^ South India handbook: the travel guide, p. 468-69 (2001) (ISBN 978-1900949811)
Jump up ^ Fodor's India, p.454-55 (6th ed. 2008)(ISBN 978-1400019120)
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Baga, Goa.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Baga.
Baga beach
This article related to a location in the Indian state of Goa is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
v
t
e
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baga,_Goa&oldid=817215978"
Categories:
Cities and towns in North Goa district
Beaches of Goa
Beaches of North Goa district
Goa geography stubs
Hidden categories:
Coordinates on Wikidata
All stub articles
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Wikivoyage
Languages
गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni
हिन्दी
தமிழ்
Edit links
This page was last edited on 26 December 2017, at 23:27.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/Baga_(disambiguation)
mw-redirect mw-disambig
Baga (disambiguation)

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: span

values: India - Goa - 010 - Touristy Baga Beach.jpg

values:
/wiki/File:India_Goa_location_map.svg
image
Baga is located in Goa

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/File:India_location_map.svg
image
Baga is located in India

values: display: none; width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto width:250px;padding:0

values: Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location

values:
/wiki/States_and_territories_of_India
mw-redirect
States and territories of India

values:
/wiki/List_of_districts_of_India
mw-redirect
List of districts of India

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: position: absolute; right: 15px; display: none;

values:
metadata plainlinks stub
presentation
background:transparent

values: Category:Cities and towns in North Goa district

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Baga,_Goa
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baga
Baga – Goan Konkani
gom
gom
interlanguage-link-target

values: बागा, गोवा – Hindi

values: பாகா – Tamil

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Baga_Goa rootpage-Baga_Goa skin-vector action-view


text:
Fn key
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Not to be confused with Function key.
The Fn key, short form for function, is a modifier key on many keyboards, especially on laptops, used in a compact layout to combine keys which are usually kept separate. It is typically found on laptops due to their keyboard size restrictions. It is also found on many full-sized "multimedia" keyboards as the F-Lock key. It is mainly for the purpose of changing display or audio settings quickly, such as brightness, contrast, or volume, and is held down in conjunction with the appropriate key to change the settings.
Contents
[hide]
1 Compact layouts
2 Technical details
3 Fn and Control key placement
3.1 Control Key Preference Factors
4 Common Fn key features
5 References
6 External links
Compact layouts[edit]
Typically, in a compact layout the main area of the keyboard (containing the letter keys) is kept in much the same layout as with a full-sized keyboard, and the numeric keypad is moved to share a group of central keys. This allows typists to enter text without having to learn a new layout. The symbol that is accessed through pressing Fn is often printed on the key in a smaller font, a box, or different color (usually blue but sometimes orange).[citation needed]
This 78-key UK layout is taken from the Apple iBook. Characters in blue are accessed through the Fn key, but functions on the top row can be accessed without Fn key in Mac OS X.
Technical details[edit]
Fn is a modifier key, and works like other modifiers keys, such as Ctrl, Shift, Alt and AltGr. For a standard modifier key, the microcontroller inside the keyboard sends a scancode for the modifier itself, which is then interpreted by the operating system and combined with other simultaneous key-presses. The Fn key is a form of meta-modifier key, in that it causes the operating system to see altered scancodes when other keys on the keyboard are pressed. This allows the keyboard to directly emulate a full-sized keyboard, so the operating system can use standard keymaps designed for a full-sized keyboard. However, because the operating system has no notion of the Fn key, the key can not normally be remapped in software, unlike all other standard keyboard keys.
While it is most common for the Fn key processing to happen directly in the keyboard micro-controller, offering no knowledge to the main computer of whether the Fn key was pressed, some manufacturers, like Lenovo, perform this mapping in BIOS running on the main CPU, allowing remapping the Fn key by modifying the BIOS interrupt handler;[1] and Apple, in which the Fn key is mappable and serves other uses too, as triggering the Dictation function by pressing the Fn key twice.
In addition to being mapped to standard keyboard keys like Scroll Lock and Num Lock, the Fn key combinations may also be mapped to control system interfaces to change the LCD brightness, VGA output, or speaker volume on most laptop computers.
Fn and Control key placement[edit]
There is not yet an agreed-upon standard for the placement of the Fn key, although most manufacturers have elected to place it alongside a shrunken and/or displaced left Control key. Because the Control key is most frequently associated with OS and application shortcuts (such as Control+S to save a document, or Control+Shift+Escape to launch the Task Manager in modern versions of Microsoft Windows) altering its size and placement is often regarded as inconvenient for users accustomed to the larger left Control key on IBM PC-style keyboards commonly used for desktop computers.[2][3][4][5][6]
The majority of portable computer manufacturers today (including HP, Dell, and Samsung) currently place the Fn key between the left Control key and the left Windows key, making it the second key from the left on the bottom row of the keyboard. This usually means that the Control key is reduced in size, but allows it to remain in the lowest-left position on the keyboard.
Conversely, Lenovo currently arrange keyboards on their ThinkPad computers with the Fn key as the lowest-left, making Control the second-from-left on the bottom row. This arrangement is currently unique to ThinkPads amongst all laptops shipped with Windows, but it is one that has been in place since the modern ThinkPad product line was introduced by IBM in 1992. IBM designers rationalised that since the Fn key was used to control features that in some cases had no other physical or software controls (for example, the ThinkLight keyboard-illumination lamp, which is switched only by the Fn+PgUp keys), the Fn key should have the more prominent position on the keyboard. Notably, IBM did not include Windows keys on any of their keyboards until 2006, which meant that though the left Control key was displaced by the Fn key, neither it nor the left Alt key needed to be made smaller. The inclusion of Windows keys on ThinkPad models from mid-2006 onwards was achieved mainly by shrinking the left Alt key, which means that ThinkPad keyboards now generally have larger left Control keys than those of many other manufacturers, and are unique in preserving on laptops the Control, Windows, and Alt key arrangement used on most desktop keyboards. Many laptops place the Fn key at a less convenient position (and with a smaller size) within the top row of functions keys F1 to F12 and other "multimedia" or manufacturer-specific device/power control key.
Apple also place the Fn key at the bottom left of the keyboard, displacing and shrinking the left Control key, though this is less controversial as macOS, the main operating system for most Apple laptops, is much less reliant on the Control key for shortcuts and modifiers than Windows or Unix-like operating systems.
This inconsistency between manufacturers, and the overall issue of Control key shrinkage, has long been a point of contention between laptop purchasers and users, which is aggravated by the fact that on most keyboards the Fn key is mapped at the hardware level and so cannot be remapped (that is, reconfigured or virtually "moved") at the OS level.[7] Lenovo, however, have since circa 2011 allowed users to reverse the Fn and left Control key arrangement via a BIOS setting.[8]
Other manufacturers have chosen to map the Fn key not to the left of the space bar but instead to the right, so that the space bar can be better centered with the rest positions (alphabetic keys F and J on Latin layouts), without sacrificing the width of the left Control and left Alt key (already reduced by the insertion of the left Win key between them), while keeping AltGr on the right large enough for more frequent use on international layouts; in that case, the Fn key just replaces the second Win key (which is optional and in fact not needed) of extended PC keyboards. Other manufacturers have placed the Fn key at end of row B, immediately to the right of the second Shift key which is larger than necessary for typing text, in order to map the second Win key next to the right of AltGr, or to preserve the conventional placement of Japanese input mode keys.
A different solution, which side-steps the Fn key placement issue altogether, is to remap the Caps-Lock key as Control.[9] This emulates the layout of the IBM Model F keyboard for the original IBM PC, which placed the Caps-Lock key where right Control is found on modern keyboards, a location that is favoured by some Vim and Emacs users because of its prominent location and long-time use on Unix workstations.
Control Key Preference Factors[edit]
This section possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (September 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Paramount seems to be whether the user keeps their palm stationary on a wrist rest or not. Other factors include the control key's size, displacement, and position relative to the left-shift key.
A touch typist who prefers to keep their palm resting on a fixed position has difficulty reaching a lower-left control, whereas they can reach a right-displaced control without palm movement. Executing a control-and-shift operation with a right-displaced-control involves curling the little finger slightly underneath the ring-finger. Control key combinations involving the upper-left of the keyboard, including the keys (1, Q, W, 2) require either moving the hand, or using the right-control key with the opposite hand.
A user who hovers their hands and/or moves them laterally may prefer the lower-left control, as combined with movement of the palm, it offers a more open access to the leftmost keys. It also allows control-and-shift operations to be performed without curling the little finger underneath. Some workarounds include using little-finger-shift and ring-finger-control or thumb-control presses. Such change to the point of origin does reduce the useful radius of the first four fingers across the keyboard, yet may be more ergonomic for the hand.
On a fullsize keyboard, some users access the lower-left Control key using the side of their palm, a technique which is not generally possible on shallow throw laptop keyboards with wrist rests.
Common Fn key features[edit]
Fn key features vary from keyboard to keyboard, but the common ones are the follow:
Turn the laptop's internal speaker volume up and down
Mute the laptop's internal speaker
Increase or decrease the monitor's brightness or contrast
Activate an external monitor for giving a presentation
Activate Stand By mode
Hibernate the laptop
Eject a CD/DVD
Lock the keyboard[10]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Fn Cntrl Swap Lenovo Laptops
Jump up ^ Lenovo Fn Key
Jump up ^ Thinkpad Fn Ctrl Key
Jump up ^ Lenovo Fn Control Swap
Jump up ^ FN key placement - I want my control
Jump up ^ Fn vs Ctrl let the games begin
Jump up ^ Fn Key Remapping
Jump up ^ Fn Cntrl Swap Lenovo Laptops
Jump up ^ Moving the Ctrl Key
Jump up ^ "How to Use the Fn Key on Your Laptop".
External links[edit]
Microsoft Keyboards - F Lock Key
What the F-Key?
[hide]
v
t
e
Keyboard keys
Dead keys
Compose
Modifier keys
Control
Shift
Alt / Option (Apple)
AltGr
Meta
Command (Apple) / Windows (Microsoft)
Super
Hyper
Fn
Lock keys
Scroll lock
Num lock
Caps lock
F-Lock
Navigation keys
Arrow keys
Page Up/Page Down
Home
End
Esc
Menu
Editing
Enter/Return
Carriage return
Backspace
Insert
Delete
Tab
Space bar
Numeric keypad
Language input
Contextual
Function keys
Print screen
System request
Break/Pause
Misc.
Power management keys (Power, Sleep, Wake)
Any key
Macro key
Concepts
Keyboard layout
Keyboard shortcut
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fn_key&oldid=822371469"
Categories:
Computer keys
Hidden categories:
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from January 2018
Articles that may contain original research from September 2016
All articles that may contain original research
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Deutsch
Français
עברית
Polski
Русский
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 26 January 2018, at 00:14.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: b

value: p

attrs: role tabindex class

values: button 0 togglelink

attrs: class dir xml:lang

values: toctitle ltr en

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/File:KB_UK_Apple_compact.svg
image
Apple iBook compact layout (UK)

values:
/wiki/Apple_Computer
mw-redirect
Apple Computer

values:
/wiki/Scroll_Lock
mw-redirect
Scroll Lock

values: Edit section: Fn and Control key placement

values:
/wiki/IBM_Model_F_keyboard
mw-redirect
IBM Model F keyboard

values:
/wiki/Unix_workstation
mw-redirect
Unix workstation

values: Edit section: Control Key Preference Factors

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Original_research

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2018

values: Category:Articles that may contain original research from September 2016

values: Category:All articles that may contain original research

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values:
/wiki/Fn_key
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values:
/w/index.php?title=Fn_key&action=edit
Edit this page [ctrl-alt-e]
e

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fn-Taste
Fn-Taste – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touche_Fn
Touche Fn – French
fr
fr
interlanguage-link-target

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Fn_key rootpage-Fn_key skin-vector action-view