text:
1271 Avenue of the Americas
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"Time & Life Building" redirects here. For other uses, see Time-Life Building (disambiguation).
1271 Avenue of the Americas
1271 Avenue of the Americas
General information
Type
Office
Architectural style
Modernist
Location
1271 Avenue of the Americas, New York City
Coordinates
40°45′37″N 73°58′51″W / 40.760372°N 73.980799°W / 40.760372; -73.980799Coordinates: 40°45′37″N 73°58′51″W / 40.760372°N 73.980799°W / 40.760372; -73.980799
Completed
1958
Owner
Rockefeller Group
Management
Rockefeller Group
Height
Top floor
587 ft (179 m)
Technical details
Floor count
48
Floor area
1,399,308 sq ft (130,000.0 m2)
Design and construction
Architect
Wallace Harrison of Harrison, Abramovitz, and Harris
Main contractor
George A. Fuller Co.
New York City Landmark
Designated
16 July 2002 (Interior)
Reference no.
LP-2119
References
[1]
1271 Avenue of the Americas Sidewalk
1271 Avenue of the Americas is a 48-story office building located in Rockefeller Center in New York City. It opened in 1959 as the Time & Life Building, designed by architect Wallace Harrison, of Harrison, Abramovitz, and Harris.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 The Hemisphere Club
1.2 La Fonda del Sol
1.3 Time-Life Chairs
1.4 In fiction
2 Tenants
3 References
3.1 Inline citations
3.2 General references
4 External links
History[edit]
1271 Avenue of the Americas was the first of four in Rockefeller Center designed by Harrison, Abramovitz, & Harris on the west side of Sixth Avenue. Harris served as the building's project manager and was responsible for overall planning. The Time & Life Building was the first expansion of Rockefeller Center west of the Avenue of the Americas.
Construction on the Time-Life Building's steelwork started in April 1958,[3] and the structure topped out in November of that year.[4] The cornerstone of the building was laid in June 1959, after the building's structure had been completed,[5] and the first tenants began moving into the tower in December 1959.[6]
Air rights were purchased from the Roxy Theatre to the west. The Roxy was torn down in 1960 to erect an office tower connected to the Time & Life Building.
The building is clad in green glass and features column-free floors of 28,000 square feet (2,600 m2). Large murals by Josef Albers and Fritz Glarner adorn its lobby, which integrates a serpentine patterned sidewalk design found on the sidewalks of Rio de Janeiro's Copacabana Beach with the adjacent sidewalk,[2] a salute to its location on The Avenue of the Americas.
Time Inc., the publisher of Time, Life, Sports Illustrated, Fortune, House & Home, and Architectural Forum magazines initially occupied 21 floors. CNN's American Morning was based there from 2002 to 2006. The ground floor studio is now occupied by the studio of SportsNet New York and CNBC Squawk Box.
In July 2002, the building's ground floor interior was made an interior landmark by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission.[7]
In May 2014, Time Inc announced that the company was planning to leave the Time & Life Building for the Brookfield Place complex in lower Manhattan.[8]
The Hemisphere Club[edit]
The Hemisphere Club, a members-only restaurant during the day, was located atop the building on the 48th floor; in the evenings it opened to the public as the Tower Suite. The restaurant was operated by Restaurant Associates, which also operated The Four Seasons Restaurant, La Fonda del Sol, The Rainbow Room, The Forum of the Twelve Caesars, and later Windows on the World. The Hemisphere Club closed some time after 1991.[9]
La Fonda del Sol[edit]
La Fonda del Sol was a Latin American–themed restaurant opened in the Time & Life Building's lobby by Joseph Baum in 1960.[10] It featured bright, colorful, whimsical interiors designed by Alexander Girard and furniture by Charles Eames. It closed in 1971 and was replaced with a Fidelity Investments branch.[11]
Time-Life Chairs[edit]
In addition to furniture for the La Fonda del Sol restaurant, Charles Eames designed iconic chairs for the offices of Time Incorporated which have become known as Time-Life Chairs.[12] Eames designed them as a favor to Henry Luce, who had allowed Eames to use photos from the Time-Life archives for the pavilion he designed at the 1959 American National Exhibition in Moscow.[13] The chairs remain in production and popular to this day, manufactured by Herman Miller of Zeeland, MI, though the original design with four legs at the base has been revised to include a fifth leg, referred to as a 5 star-base, for stability and to meet updated codes.[14]
In fiction[edit]
Starting in Season 4 of the television series Mad Men, the fictional headquarters of the advertising agency Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce (changed in Season 6 to Sterling Cooper & Partners) is located in Suite 3750 of the Time & Life Building (on the 37th floor). In a fifth-season episode, "At the Codfish Ball", the characters eat at the Tower Suite. The agency's offices also prominently feature Eames Time-Life Chairs. On March 23, 2015, AMC, the network on which Mad Men airs, unveiled a bench in front of the building which features a sculpture of the iconic black silhouette of lead character Don Draper in the show's opening credits.[15]
The Time & Life Building features prominently in the 2013 film version of The Secret Life of Walter Mitty, which depicts in part the publication of the last issue of Life magazine.
Tenants[edit]
CBS Radio[16]
E-Trade
Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S.
Ipsos
SANDOW[17]
SportsNet New York
Clinton Foundation
Hampton Canyon[18]
Complex Media
Relationship Science
References[edit]
Inline citations[edit]
Jump up ^ "Time-Life Building". Emporis. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "TIME & LIFE BUILDING : Landmarks Preservation Commission" (PDF). Nyc.gov. Retrieved 2016-10-17.
Jump up ^ "Time-Life Building Gets First Steel". The New York Times. 1958-04-04. Retrieved 2017-12-04.
Jump up ^ "Time-Life Building Tops Out at 587-Ft. With a Yule Tree". The New York Times. 1958-11-25. Retrieved 2017-12-04.
Jump up ^ "CORNERSTONE SET FOR SKYSCRAPER; Copper Box at Time and Life Building on 6th Ave. Gets Data of Century at Fete". The New York Times. 1959-06-24. Retrieved 2017-12-04.
Jump up ^ "TIME'S TENANTS BEGIN MOVING IN; Finishing Touches Are Put on 48-Story Structure, Rising 587 Feet". The New York Times. 1959-12-22. Retrieved 2017-12-04.
Jump up ^ "Time & Life Building" (PDF). New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Time Inc. to Move to Lower Manhattan's Brookfield Place". Bloomberg.com. 2014-05-22. Retrieved 2016-10-17.
Jump up ^ Danovich, Tove (2012-04-30). "The Hemisphere Club / Tower Suite on Mad Men". Eater.com. Retrieved 2016-10-17.
Jump up ^ "Latin-American Zest on Midtown Menu," New York Times, December 9, 1960
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-04-03. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
Jump up ^ "Eames Executive - Executive Chair". Herman Miller. Retrieved 2016-10-17.
Jump up ^ "Eames Executive Chair - Design Within Reach". Dwr.com. Retrieved 2016-10-17.
Jump up ^ "Eames Executive Chair - Executive Chairs - Chairs - Herman Miller Official Store". Store.hermanmiller.com. Retrieved 2016-10-17.
Jump up ^ Renner, Eric (2015-03-23). "AMC unveils 'The Draper Bench' outside New York's Time-Life Building". EW.com. Retrieved 2016-10-17.
Jump up ^ "Newmark Knight Frank team leasing 230,000 s/f at Time Life | Real Estate Weekly". Rew-online.com. Retrieved 2016-10-17.
Jump up ^ "SANDOW Home Page". Sandow.com. Retrieved 2016-10-17.
Jump up ^ "Hampton Canyon". Hampton Canyon. Retrieved 2016-10-17.
General references[edit]
Matthew A. Postal, Report: Time-Life Building, New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, July 16, 2002, Designation List 338 LP-2119
External links[edit]
Official website
Discussion of the Time-Life Building at thecityreview.com
in-Arch.net: The Time-Life Building
Emporis Profile
An image of the old La Fonda del Sol in Time Out New York.
[hide]
v
t
e
Rockefeller Center
Buildings
Original complex
30 Rockefeller Plaza
Rainbow Room
1250 Avenue of the Americas
1270 Avenue of the Americas
Radio City Music Hall
Simon & Schuster Building
Center Theatre
British Empire Building
International Building
International Building North
La Maison Francaise
Palazzo d'Italia
600 Fifth Avenue
1 Rockefeller Plaza
10 Rockefeller Plaza
50 Rockefeller Plaza
Later buildings
75 Rockefeller Plaza
1211 Avenue of the Americas
1221 Avenue of the Americas
1251 Avenue of the Americas
1271 Avenue of the Americas
History
Elgin Botanic Garden
Construction
Art
Atlas
Lunch atop a Skyscraper
Man at the Crossroads
Prometheus
Other structures
Rockefeller Plaza
Christmas tree
Nintendo New York
NBC Studios
St. Nicholas Church
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Notable figures
Wallace Harrison
Ivy Lee
Rockefeller family
John D. Rockefeller Jr.
Nelson Rockefeller
Owners
Beacon Capital Partners
Rockefeller Group
Tishman Speyer
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Lori Grimes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Lori Grimes
The Walking Dead character
Lori Grimes, as she appears in the comic book series (left) and as portrayed by Sarah Wayne Callies in the television series (right).
First appearance
Comic:
"Issue #2"
November 12, 2003
Television:
"Days Gone Bye" (1.01)
October 31, 2010
Last appearance
Comic:
"Issue #48"
April 2, 2008
"Issue #55"
January 27, 2009
(hallucination)
Television:
"Killer Within" (3.04)
November 4, 2012
"Welcome to the Tombs" (3.16)
March 31, 2013
(hallucination)
Created by
Robert Kirkman
Tony Moore
Portrayed by
Sarah Wayne Callies
Information
Family
Comic:
Jeffery Grimes (brother-in-law)
Spouse(s)
Rick Grimes
Significant other(s)
Shane Walsh
Children
Carl Grimes (son)
Judith Grimes (daughter)
Lori Grimes is a fictional character from the comic book series The Walking Dead and is portrayed by Sarah Wayne Callies in the American television series of the same name. Created by writer Robert Kirkman and artist Tony Moore, the character made her debut in The Walking Dead #2 in 2003. In both forms of media, she is the wife of protagonist Rick Grimes and mother of Carl and Judith. The character escapes the zombie apocalypse with Carl, and Rick's partner Shane Walsh. Believing her husband to be dead, she starts a relationship with Shane.
For her performance as Lori, Callies was nominated for the Saturn Award for Best Actress on Television in 2010, and was among the cast members of The Walking Dead winning the Satellite Award for Best Cast - Television Series in 2012.
Contents
[hide]
1 Appearances
1.1 Comic book series
1.2 Television series
1.2.1 Season 1
1.2.2 Season 2
1.2.3 Season 3
2 Development
2.1 Casting
3 Reception
3.1 Critical reception
4 References
5 External links
Appearances[edit]
Comic book series[edit]
Lori, as depicted in the comic book series.
Lori Grimes is an average middle-class housewife living in Cynthiana, Kentucky. As the outbreak begins, she and her son, Carl, are evacuated out of the city with help from her husband Rick's best friend and work partner, Shane Walsh, in hopes of getting to where her parents live. During the evacuation, the guilt that she has been wracked with over abandoning Rick leads her to have a sexual relationship with Shane,[1] which she deeply regrets afterward.[volume & issue needed] She continually brushes off Shane's attempts at advancing and ignores him even more when Rick miraculously arrives at their campsite.[volume & issue needed]
Lori soon finds out, after counting her missed periods, that she is pregnant; however, she hesitates to tell anybody until after Shane's death and their move back onto the road.[1]
Lori faces typical pregnancy issues such as morning sickness and mood swings throughout the first few months of her term. She and everyone else find relative stability at an abandoned prison, with hot showers, supplies, and security.[volume & issue needed] While at the prison, she also begins to deepen her bond with fellow survivor Carol Peletier.[volume & issue needed] Lori is frequently concerned with the well-being of both her family and the rest of the group. After giving birth to an infant girl that she and Rick name Judith,[volume & issue needed] she remains extremely protective over her.
During the final stages of the prison assault led by The Governor, Lori suffers a fatal shotgun blast to the back by Lilly Caul while she is carrying Judith. When Lori falls, Judith is crushed to death beneath her weight.[2]
Lori's death leaves Rick and Carl emotional wrecks. Rick suffers frightening hallucinations, both visual and auditory, at one point even using a phone to have what he believes are actual conversations with his deceased wife.[volume & issue needed] He confides in Michonne, who has also talked to a deceased loved one to help the coping process.[volume & issue needed] Carl frequently blames Rick for Lori and Judith's deaths.[volume & issue needed]
Television series[edit]
Season 1[edit]
Lori's husband Rick is wounded in the line of duty and left in a coma during the outbreak. Lori, believing him to be dead, takes Carl and accompanies Rick's best friend Shane as they head to Atlanta. They befriend Carol and her family while on the road, and later both groups settle with other survivors on the outskirts of Atlanta near an abandoned quarry. Lori, convinced of Rick's death by witnessing the military bomb Atlanta, eventually succumbs to her distraught state and embarks on a sexual relationship with Shane.
Rick eventually wakes from his coma, and makes his way to Atlanta, and rescued there by members of the quarry group. When Rick is brought back to the camp, he and Lori have a tearful reunion. However, Lori comes to feel guilty with her affair with Shane, and abruptly ends it, as well as discouraging Carl from hanging around Shane. The group eventually abandons the quarry to head for the CDC in Atlanta, where its one remaining scientist Dr. Jenner allows them in and enjoy the relative luxury of the facilities. During the night, a drunken Shane attempts to sexually assault Lori, but she fights him off. The group is forced to evacuate the CDC and continue on.
Season 2[edit]
Rick's group is stalled by a traffic jam of cars on a highway, and Carol's daughter Sophia goes missing in the midst of a passing walker horde. Rick, Carl, and others go searching for her; Shane tells Lori during this that he plans to leave the group, getting into argument, but just then they are met by Maggie Greene from a nearby farmstead, asking for Lori as Carl had accidentally been shot, and is being cared for by her father Hershel. While Hershel is able to stabilize Carl, he lacks the equipment to remove the bullet. Shane goes with Hershel's farmhand Otis to get supplies from a nearby school, invested with walkers. Shane shoots Otis purposely to give him time to escape, but does not tell this to the others when he returns with the supplies, but this leaves him with an emotional scar, and he shaves his head, partially to hide the clump of hair Otis had torn out from it; these actions trouble Lori.
Lori feels some illness as Carl recovers, and discretely asks Glenn to find a pregnancy test on his next supply run. The test turns up positive, and Lori fears that her child may be Shane's and not Rick's. Again she confides in Glenn about this, and asks him to get her some "morning after" pills on his next run. Once she has them, she tries to take them, but has last-second thoughts and spits them out. Rick discovers the box for the pills and confronts her about it. She admits to being pregnant, and having a affair with Shane when she had no idea Rick was alive, and fears how they can raise a child into this world. Rick helps her come to terms, and she decides she will keep the child and she and Rick will raise it as their own, regardless of who the father was. Lori's pregnancy comes out to the rest of the group, and creates a rift between Shane and Rick over who fathered the child that creations tension throughout the group.
Later, Rick and Glenn go off to look for Hershel but don't return after a while. Concerned, Lori goes to look for them but gets into an accident. Shane comes and rescues her, claiming Rick had returned, thus giving Shane the time to talk about his true feelings for Lori, and that they should be together. Once back at the farm, Lori talks to Dale, learning that he feels Shane is progressively becoming paranoid and he believes that Shane likely killed Otis at the school. Later, Lori helps Maggie to stop Maggie's sister Beth from committing suicide. When Dale is attacked by a walker and the group forced to euthanize him, Lori apologizes to Shane for how she had been treating him.
Events at the farm lead to a confrontation between Rick and Shane, and Rick is forced to kill Shane when Shane attacks him. In the aftermath, a horde of walkers, drawn by gunfire, swarm the farmstead, and Rick's group is forced to abandon it. As they regroup on the highway, Lori learns of the circumstances around Shane's death, and becomes troubled by Rick's actions.
Season 3[edit]
Over the next several months, Lori finds that both Rick and Carl have grown distant from her. Lori is near the end of her pregnancy as the group finds an abandoned prison they decide to clear out for their own. They deal with roaming walkers as well as five living prisoners, two who quickly fall into line with the group, but the others they are forced to kill, while Rick leaves the fifth, Andrew, outside in a pack of walkers, though unknown to them, Andrew manages to escape. Lori fears that the baby may have rotated in her womb to make normal childbirth impossible, and has the group practice Caesarean section on dispatched walkers. Sometime later, Andrew lures a group of walkers back to the prison to get his revenge. The group is forced to scatter as the walkers flood; the fright causes Lori to enter into labor, and she, Carl, and Maggie take shelter in a boiler room. Lori's fears are affirmed about the birth, and she instructs Maggie to perform an improvised Cesarean section on her, knowing that without painkillers or anesthetic, this will likely be fatal for her. She says her goodbyes to Carl before Maggie starts. Lori's daughter is recovered alive, but as she expected, Lori succumbs to the procedure. Carl insists on being the one to put down Lori before she can reanimate. Maggie and Carl take the baby outside once the walkers have been cleared, and Rick, on seeing the child but not Lori, breaks down. He races to the boiler room, and sees a bloated walker that he believes ate Lori's body, and stabs it over an over. Rick starts having hallucinations of Lori and other survivors that had previously died, leading to him struggling to keep leadership of the group.
As the group deals with attacks from The Governor from the nearby Woodbury community, Rick struggles with continuous visions of Lori, which makes him doubt his abilities as a leader. However, he eventually makes a stand against the Governor, reunited his group, and finds that he no longer sees visions of Lori. He accepts her daughter, which Carl named Judith, as his own, despite believing that she may have been fathered by Shane.
Development[edit]
Casting[edit]
Lori Grimes is portrayed by Sarah Wayne Callies, who was cast in the series in April 2010.[3] Callies saw an issue of the comic book series while at a bookstore in Vancouver. "I was looking through for the latest issue that had just come out and the owner of the comic book store came up to me and said, 'I see you're checking out The Walking Dead," she stated. "It's amazing.' I said, 'Yeah, I'm a huge fan.' And he said, 'You know they're making a television show for AMC. It's supposed to be really good.' I kind of looked at him and I froze. I just went, 'I'll keep an eye out for it.' And I ran out of the store."[4]
In the comics, Kirkman resolved the love triangle between Lori, Shane, and Rick very quickly, but in the TV show he decided to spend more time exploring this relationship.[5]
Callies was in favor of Lori dying while in the Prison, just like the comic character. In an interview she stated, "I argued that it was necessary to kill Lori and I feel very strongly that for all of the other deviations we may have from the comic book, killing Lori does something to Rick that is vital for the story and can't be done any other way."[6]
Reception[edit]
Critical reception[edit]
Sarah Wayne Callies' performance received mixed reviews while the character of Lori received generally negative reviews.
Regarding the television adaptation of the character, Lori received generally negative reviews, with Sarah Wayne Callies' performance receiving a mixed response from critics. Critics were polarized with the characters' reaction to Lori opting for an abortion in the episode "Secrets". Writing for The A.V. Club, Zack Handlen criticized the character's opposing views on the matter, and stated that their reasoning was invalid. Handlen wrote. "I'm not even sure it would be possible for her to abort the pregnancy at this point, but the show's working on the assumption that having a child in a world where death literally lurks around every corner is an unequivocal good. The only person who’s been anti-pregnancy is Lori, and the show hasn't managed to cast her in a very good light, so it’s not like her arguments hold much water—which is also ridiculous, because ultimately, her opinion is the only one that matters."[7] HitFix writer Alan Sepinwall reflected similar thoughts, and stated that Rick's arguments against Lori's attempts were obsolete.[8]
The love triangle involving Lori, Rick, and Shane, however, was commended. Meslow felt that the interactions between Lori and Rick possessed "as much rawness and honesty as could be hoped for."[9]
Commentators criticized the character development of Lori Grimes in the episode "Nebraska". Eric Goldman for IGN was angry upon viewing the crash sequence, avouching that it stunted any development intended for the scene. He stated, "The Walking Dead really needs to work on strengthening its female characters, and it doesn't help when Lori has a major accident for such a stupid reason, getting distracted as she looked at a map while she drove. Yeah, yeah, there was a zombie in the road, but it could have been an animal [...] just as easily, and it really undercut the intended drama of her situation when it just seems so stupid that it happened at all."[10] Zack Handlen for The A.V. Club thought that the foundation set up for furthering the storyline progression was contrived,[11] while Aaron Rutkoff of The Wall Street Journal said that the premise of the dilemma made no sense.[12]
Critics were divided upon the interaction between Rick and Lori after she discovers Shane had died. Commentators were critical of the performance of Sarah Wayne Callies. Although The Huffington Post's Maureen Ryan reacted positively to Lincoln's performance, she affirmed that the contradictory nature of Lori almost ruined the scene.[13] Similarly, New York's Starlee Kine criticized Callies' facial expressions during the sequence.[14] Josh Jackson, who writes for Paste wrote, "If that was a challenge from the writers, though, Sarah Wayne Callies has to feel like they're just messing with her at this point. Her character, Lori, basically tells Rick that Shane needs to be put down, and then treats him like a monster when he’s forced to follow through with it."[15]
The fates of Lori and the character of T-Dog in the episode "Killer Within" garnered favorable reviews from television commentators. According to HitFix writer Alan Sepinwall, the moment when Lori and Carl share their goodbyes was the most heartbreaking event since the ending of the second season episode "Pretty Much Dead Already".[16] Los Angeles Times columnist Laura Hudson felt it was a grim departure for a character who endured long bouts of grief for reasons beyond her control.[17] Erik Kain from Forbes magazine found Lori's death especially difficult to watch, and was shocked by T-Dog's "sudden" death despite the fact that he "was never as prominent a figure" on the program. "As hard as these deaths were to watch," Kain wrote, "they also give me faith in the show."[18] Even though he stated that T-Dog died "a hero's death", Michael Rapoport of the Wall Street Journal concluded that Lori's "gut-churning" demise was the more memorable.[19]
Lori's demise was featured in The Huffington Post's list of "The Biggest 'OMG' TV Moments of 2012",[20] and placed nineteenth in Slate's article covering the year's most noteworthy television moments. Journalist Chris Kirk said that the segment was "utterly surprising", and pointed out that the writers beguiled viewers by shedding light onto Lori's crumbled relationship with Rick.[21] In contrast, Zack Handlen of The A.V. Club in his review felt the episode "stumble[d]" in how [...] Lori [was] eliminated and in how the Woodbury storyline repeated what was already known. Handlen commented in his B+ review that "killing [...] Lori earned the show an immediate thrill, but it also meant crossing off [a] potential source[...] of drama, [someone] who had a history on the series, however thin or poorly developed that history might have been."[22]
Sarah Wayne Callies' performance in the episode was unanimously praised, however. IGN writer Eric Goldman commended Callies[23] Sepinwall added that Callies "absolutely sold" the portrayal of a mother saying "goodbye to the son who had to grow up much too quickly".[8]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Kirkman, Robert (w), Adlard, Charlie (p), Adlard, Charlie, Cliff Rathburn (gray tones) (i), Moore, Tony (cover) (col), Kirkman, Robert (let). "Miles Behind Us" The Walking Dead v2, 8: [22] (May 2004), 1071 N. Batavia St., Suite A, Orange, CA 92867: Image Comics
Jump up ^ Kirkman, Robert (w), Adlard, Charlie (p), Adlard, Charlie (inker, cover), Cliff Rathburn (gray tones, cover colors) (i), Wooton, Rus (let). "Made To Suffer" The Walking Dead v8, 48: [22] (April 2, 2008), 1942 University Avenue, Suite 305, Berkeley, CA 94704: Image Comics
Jump up ^ Patrick, Andy (April 30, 2010). "Exclusive: Sarah Wayne Callies Joins 'Walking Dead'". Entertainment Weekly. Time, Inc. Retrieved March 2, 2012.
Jump up ^ Fall, Christina (November 15, 2010). "Q&A - Sarah Wayne Callies (Lori Grimes)". AMC. Archived from the original on February 17, 2012. Retrieved March 2, 2012.
Jump up ^ Collis, Clark (November 1, 2010). "'The Walking Dead': Comic book series creator Robert Kirkman answers our questions about last night's shocking pilot". Entertainment Weekly. Time, Inc. Retrieved March 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ Lesley Goldberg 'The Walking Dead's' Sarah Wayne Callies: Lori 'Has To Die' The Hollywood Reporter (June 20th, 2012)
Jump up ^ Handlen, Zack (November 20, 2011). "Secrets". The A.V. Club. The Onion. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Sepinwall, Alan (November 20, 2011). "Review: 'The Walking Dead' - 'Secrets': Target practice". HitFix. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ Meslow, Scott (November 21, 2011). "On 'The Walking Dead,' Love in the Time of Zombies". The Atlantic. Jay Leuf. Retrieved November 28, 2011.
Jump up ^ Goldman, Eric (February 12, 2012). "The Walking Dead: "Nebraska" Review". IGN. Retrieved February 20, 2012.
Jump up ^ Handlen, Zack (February 12, 2012). "Nebraska". The A.V. Club. The Onion. Retrieved February 12, 2012.
Jump up ^ Rutkoff, Aaron (February 13, 2012). "'The Walking Dead,' Season 2, Episode 8, 'Nebraska': TV Recap". Wall Street Journal. Les Hinton. Retrieved February 20, 2012.
Jump up ^ Ryan, Maureen (March 18, 2012). "'The Walking Dead' Finale Recap: The Best Episode Since The Pilot?". The Huffington Post. Arianna Huffington. Retrieved March 24, 2012.
Jump up ^ Kine, Starlee (March 19, 2012). "The Walking Dead Recap: Action at Last". New York. New York Media. Retrieved March 24, 2012.
Jump up ^ Jackson, Josh (March 19, 2012). "The Walking Dead: Review Beside the Dying Fire". Paste. Wolfgang's Vault. Retrieved March 24, 2012.
Jump up ^ Sepinwall, Alan (November 4, 2012). "Review: 'The Walking Dead' - 'Killer Within': Hard labor". HitFix. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
Jump up ^ Hudson, Laura (November 5, 2012). "'Walking Dead' recap: No more kid stuff". Los Angeles Times. Tribune Company. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
Jump up ^ Kain, Erik (November 4, 2012). "'The Walking Dead' Review: Because I Could Not Stop For Death". Forbes. Forbes Publishing. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
Jump up ^ Rapoport, Michael (November 5, 2012). "'The Walking Dead,' Season 3, Episode 4, 'Killer Within': TV Recap". Wall Street Journal. Les Hinton. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Brody's 'Homeland' Tape, Lane's 'Mad Men' Death And More: The Biggest 'OMG' TV Moments Of 2012". The Huffington Post. Arianna Huffington. December 27, 2012. Retrieved January 11, 2013.
Jump up ^ Kirk, Chris (December 27, 2012). "2012: The Year in TV Moments". Slate. The Slate Group. Retrieved January 11, 2013.
Jump up ^ Handlen, Zack (November 4, 2012). "Killer Within". The A.V. Club. The Onion, Inc. Retrieved November 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ Goldman, Eric (November 4, 2012). "The Walking Dead: "Killer Within" Review". IGN. Retrieved November 5, 2012.
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Sara Gilbert
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Sara Gilbert
Gilbert at Comedies Premiere Party Area in Los Angeles, California on September 17, 2008
Born
Sara Rebecca Abeles
(1975-01-29) January 29, 1975 (age 42)
Santa Monica, California, U.S.
Alma mater
Yale University
Occupation
Actress
Years active
1984–present
Spouse(s)
Linda Perry (m. 2014)
Partner(s)
Allison Adler (2001–2011)
Children
3
Sara Gilbert (born Sara Rebecca Abeles; January 29, 1975) is an American actress, best known for her role as Darlene Conner on the ABC sitcom Roseanne from 1988 to 1997, for which she received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations.[1] Gilbert will reprise the role in 2018 for an eight episode revival. She is also co-host and creator of the CBS daytime talk show The Talk and has had a recurring role as Leslie Winkle on CBS's The Big Bang Theory.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life and education
2 Television career
3 Film career
4 Personal life
5 Filmography
5.1 Film
5.2 Television
6 References
7 External links
Early life and education[edit]
Gilbert was born Sara Rebecca Abeles in Santa Monica, California,[2] the daughter of Barbara Cowan (née Crane) and Harold Abeles. Both her parents are Jewish.[3] Her maternal grandfather is The Honeymooners creator Harry Crane. Gilbert has four older siblings. Her two older siblings on her mother's side, Melissa Gilbert and Jonathan Gilbert, were stars of Little House on the Prairie. In 1984, Sara took the last name Gilbert for Paul Gilbert, her mother's first husband. Gilbert also has two older siblings on her father's side, sister Patrice and brother Joseph.
Gilbert graduated from Yale University in 1997 with honors, majoring in art with an emphasis on photography.[4]
Television career[edit]
Following appearances in television movies and a commercial for Kool-Aid, at 13 she landed the role of Darlene Conner, the sarcastic middle child, in Roseanne. Sara was a cast member in the show's nine-year run (1988–97), for which she wrote a fourth-season episode story (the teleplay was written by the Guild Writers for the show) called "Don't Make Me Over". Her contribution was considered so important to Roseanne that the show's producers juggled storylines and taping schedules to allow her to study at Yale University while remaining in the cast, shooting remote segments of Darlene at a soundstage in New York.[5]
Gilbert has appeared on The Simpsons, 24, Will & Grace, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit and Private Practice. Starting in 2004, she had a recurring role as smart but sarcastic medical student Jane Figler on the long-running hospital drama ER; her appearances spanned seasons 11-13.
The Talk co-hosts Julie Chen, Aisha Tyler, Sharon Osbourne, Gilbert and Sheryl Underwood in 2012.
Gilbert returned to prime time television in the fall of 2005 in the sitcom Twins on The WB network. The sitcom was canceled after one season, when the WB and UPN networks merged as The CW and dropped a number of shows. She also had a recurring role on the short-lived CBS sitcom The Class as Fern Velch.
From 2007 to 2010, Gilbert appeared in episodes of the CBS TV series The Big Bang Theory as Leslie Winkle, a scientist friend of Leonard Hofstadter played by Johnny Galecki, who had previously played Gilbert's love interest David Healy on Roseanne. In the second episode of the second season of The Big Bang Theory, Gilbert was elevated to the show's main cast, portraying again a potential love interest of Galecki's character, and at one point a love interest to Howard Wolowitz (Simon Helberg). By January 2009, it was announced that the writers did not know how to write for her character full-time, and her status was reduced from regular to recurring.[6] Winkle got discontinued after Amy Farrah Fowler and Bernadette Rostenkowski became prominent characters.
Gilbert is a co-host and executive producer of The Talk, a talk show that premiered October 18, 2010. Gilbert appears alongside Julie Chen, Sharon Osbourne, Sheryl Underwood and Aisha Tyler. Gilbert won a Daytime Emmy in 2016 for Outstanding Entertainment Talk Show as producer and creator of the show.
It was announced on April 28, 2017 that Gilbert along with most of the original cast will be returning for an eight episode revival series of Roseanne.[7] Gilbert will also serve as an executive producer.[8][9] It was confirmed on May 16, 2017 that the eight episodes have been picked up by ABC would air mid-season in 2018.[10]
Film career[edit]
Gilbert appeared in two films alongside Drew Barrymore, in Poison Ivy in 1992 and Riding In Cars With Boys in 2001. Gilbert also had a feature role in Light It Up in 1999. She has had several minor roles following Roseanne, including the short film $30 (aka 30 Bucks) as part of the Boys Life 3 feature, and High Fidelity. She directed her short film Persona Non Grata in 1998.
Personal life[edit]
Gilbert with her wife Linda Perry at the Los Angeles LGBT Center's An Evening with Women event in 2014
As a teenager, Gilbert dated her Roseanne (and later The Big Bang Theory) co-star Johnny Galecki. During their relationship she realized she was a lesbian. She remains close friends with Galecki.[11]
In 2001, Gilbert began a relationship with television producer Allison Adler. They have two children—a son, Levi Hank, born to Adler in October 2004,[12] and a daughter, Sawyer Jane, born to Gilbert in August 2007.[13][14] For many years, Gilbert remained private about her sexuality, choosing not to publicly discuss her personal life. In July 2010, as she prepared to launch her talk show, The Talk, Gilbert confirmed that she was a lesbian.[15] In August 2011, Gilbert announced that she and Adler had separated amicably.[16]
Following the breakup, Gilbert began a relationship with songwriter, music producer and former 4 Non Blondes frontwoman Linda Perry.[17] Gilbert announced their engagement in April 2013,[18] and the pair married on March 30, 2014.[19] Gilbert gave birth to their son, Rhodes Emilio Gilbert Perry, on February 28, 2015.[20][21][22]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1992 Poison Ivy Sylvie Cooper Nominated — Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Actress
1994 Dead Beat Martha Film is based on the killings of Charles Schmid.
1997 Walkin' on Sunshine: The Movie NeuralNurse 256
1999 Desert Blue Sandy
1999 Light It Up Lynn Sabatini
2000 The Big Tease Gretle Dickens
2000 High Fidelity Annaugh Moss
2000 Boys Life 3 Emily/Michelle Short film; Segment: "$30"
2001 Riding in Cars with Boys Tina Barr
2004 Laws of Attraction Gary Gadget's Assistant Cameo
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1984 Calamity Jane Jean TV-Movie
1988 ABC Weekend Special Stephie Episode: "Runaway Ralph"
1988–1997, 2018 Roseanne Darlene Conner-Healy 184 episodes
2x Young Artist Award for Outstanding Young Comedienne in a Television Series
TV Land Award for Innovator Award
Nominated — Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress - Comedy Series (1993-1994)[23]
Nominated — TV Land Award for Character Most Desperately in Need of a Timeout
Nominated — Young Artist Award for Best Young Actress Supporting Role in a Television Series
1990 Sudie and Simpson Sudie Harrigan TV Movie
Young Artist Award for Best Young Actress in a Cable Special
1992 The Simpsons Laura Powers Voice only
Episode: "New Kid on the Block"
1994 Saturday Night Live Herself – Host Episode: "Sara Gilbert/Counting Crows"
1996 ABC Afterschool Special Jessie Episode: "Me and My Hormones"
1997 Broken Record TV Movie
2000–2001 Welcome to New York Amy Manning 13 episodes
2002 24 Paula Schaeffer 5 episodes
2003 Will & Grace Cheryl Episode: "Fanilow"
2004 Strong Medicine Charlayne Episode: "Cinderella in Scrubs"
2004–2007 ER Dr. Jane Figler 15 episodes
2005 In the Game Unsold TV-Pilot
2005 The Clinic Mrs. Jennings Episode: 3.1
2005–2006 Twins Mitchee Arnold 18 episodes
2006 Girls on the Bus Helen Episode: "Pilot"
2006–2007 The Class Fern Velch 6 episodes
2007 Private Practice Kelly Episode: "In Which Sam Gets Taken For a Ride"
2007–10;
2016
The Big Bang Theory Leslie Winkle 9 episodes
2008 Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Caitlyn Ryan Episode: "Trials"
2010 HawthoRNe Malia Price 3 episodes
2010 Grey's Anatomy Kim Episode: "Suicide is Painless"
2010–present The Talk Herself Also creator and executive producer
2014 Bad Teacher Irene Dudek 5 episodes
2016 Supergirl Sara Gilbert Episode: "Falling"
2018 Jane the Virgin Herself Episode: "TBA"
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Emmys.com".
Jump up ^ "Sara Gilbert". TVGuide.com. Retrieved 2014-03-31.
Jump up ^ Interfaith Family: "Interfaith Celebrities: The Talk's Hosts and David Schwimmers Bride" By Nate Bloom. October 26, 2010
Jump up ^ Staff. "Sara Gilbert". Biography. Retrieved 16 March 2016.
Jump up ^ "Sara Gilbert Biography". Fancast. 1975-01-29. Archived from the original on January 9, 2009. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (January 23, 2009). "'Big Bang Theory' scoop: Sara Gilbert taken off contract". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved October 4, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Roseanne' TV show revival in the works with main cast set to reprise roles". New York Daily News. Retrieved 2017-04-28.
Jump up ^ "'Roseanne' revival may be in the works". USA Today. Retrieved 2017-04-28.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (April 28, 2017). "Roseanne Revival Eyed at ABC". TVLine.com. Retrieved April 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ Otterson, Joe (May 16, 2017). "'Roseanne' Revival Lands at ABC". Variety. Retrieved May 16, 2017.
Jump up ^ Takeda, Alison (2013-09-13). "Sara Gilbert: I Realized I Was Gay While Dating Johnny Galecki". Retrieved 2014-03-31.
Jump up ^ Peiffer, Kim. "Roseanne's Sara Gilbert Expecting Second Child". People. February 2, 2007. Retrieved July 31, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Sara Gilbert and partner welcome second child". Retrieved 2007-08-06.
Jump up ^ "Sara Gilbert Gives Birth to Baby Girl". Fox News. August 13, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2009.
Jump up ^ "'Roseanne's' Sara Gilbert confirms she's a lesbian". CNN. July 30, 2010.
Jump up ^ Jordan, Julie. "The Talk's Sara Gilbert, Partner Break Up". People. August 24, 2011. Retrieved August 25, 2011.
Jump up ^ Grossberg, Josh "Sara Gilbert Talks Relationship With Linda Perry on The Talk". E Online. November 30, 2011. Retrieved December 1, 2011.
Jump up ^ Rice, Lynette (2013-04-08). "Sara Gilbert announces engagement on 'The Talk'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2013-04-09.
Jump up ^ Lee, Esther (2014-03-31). "Sara Gilbert and Linda Perry Are Married". US Weekly. Retrieved 2014-03-31.
Jump up ^ "Sara Gilbert and Linda Perry Welcome Son Rhodes Emilio". People. Retrieved March 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Oldenburg, Ann. "Sara Gilbert, Linda Perry welcome baby boy". USA Today. Retrieved March 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Christie D'Zurilla (March 2, 2015). "Sara Gilbert, Linda Perry are parents of a new baby boy". LA Times. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Sara Gilbert Emmy Nominated
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sara Gilbert.
Sara Gilbert on IMDb
Sara Gilbert at the Internet Off-Broadway Database
Sara Gilbert at Emmys.com
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 21744622
LCCN: no97013060
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sara_Gilbert&oldid=820185987"
Categories:
1975 births
20th-century American actresses
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Actresses from Santa Monica, California
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Incudomalleolar joint
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Incudomallear joint
Details
Identifiers
Latin
Articulatio incudomallearis
TA
A15.3.02.050
FMA
60064
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
Incudomalleolar joint (more correctly called incudomallear joint) or articulatio incudomallearis is a small synovial joint between the malleus (hammer) and the incus (anvil). The joint's function is to transfer vibrations between the ossicles in the middle ear, which is perceived as sound. Contrary to other synovial joints the movement is very limited. All of the ossicles move more or less as a unit, at least at low frequencies.
When the eardrum is moved inward due to sound vibrations, transferred through the outer ear, it transmits to the handle or manubrium of the malleus which is connected to the ear drum. The head of the malleus (caput mallei) moves with it and transfers energy/movement to the corpus of the incus (corpus incudis), which is located directly behind. The sound vibrations are then transferred to the stapes (stirrup) through the incudostapedial joint.
See also[edit]
Incudostapedial joint
References[edit]
Rostgaard, Jørgen; Tranum-Jensen, Jørgen; Qvortrup, Klaus; Holm-Nielsen, Peter (2009). Hovedets, halsens & de indre organers anatomi [The Head, Neck & Internal organs anatomy] (in Danish) (10th ed.). pp. 72–73. ISBN 978-87-628-0534-7.
[hide]
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Joints and ligaments of the head and neck
Temporomandibular
Capsule
Articular disk
Lateral
Temporomandibular ligament
Medial
Sphenomandibular ligament
Stylomandibular ligament
Atlanto-occipital
capsule
membranes (anterior atlantoöccipital membrane
posterior atlantoöccipital membrane)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Incudomalleolar_joint&oldid=835135430"
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Bernese Mountain Dog
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Bernese Mountain Dog
Bernese Mountain Dog
Other names
Berner Sennenhund
Bernese Cattle Dog
Common nicknames
"Berner"
Origin
Switzerland
[hide]Traits
Weight
Male 80–120 lb (35–55 kg)
Female 70–110 lb (30–50 kg)
Height
Male 24–28 in (61–71 cm)
Female 23–26 in (58–66 cm)
Coat
Double
Color
Tricolor (black, rust, and white)
Litter size
average 5-7, up to 15[1][2]
Life span
7–8 years
[hide]Classification / standards
FCI
Group 2, Section 3 Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs #45 standard
AKC
Working standard
ANKC
Group 6 (Utility) standard
CKC
Group 3 (Working Dogs) standard
KC (UK)
Working standard
NZKC
Utility standard
UKC
Guardian Dogs standard
Domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris)
The Bernese Mountain Dog (German: Berner Sennenhund) is a large-sized breed of dog, one of the four breeds of Sennenhund-type dogs from the Swiss Alps. The name Sennenhund is derived from the German Senne ("alpine pasture") and Hund ("dog"), as they accompanied the alpine herders and dairymen called Senn. Berner (or Bernese in English) refers to the area of the breed’s origin, in the canton of Bern. This mountain dog was originally kept as a general farm dog. Large Sennenhunde in the past were also used as draft animals, pulling carts. The breed was officially established in 1907.[3] In 1937, the American Kennel Club recognized it;[4] today, the club classifies it as a member of the Working Group.[5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Appearance
1.1 Four breeds of Sennenhund
1.2 Colouring
1.3 Height and weight ranges
1.4 Build and proportions
1.5 Other physical traits
2 Temperament
3 History
4 Health
4.1 Medical problems
4.2 Life expectancy
5 Care
5.1 Activities
5.2 Grooming
6 Notable Bernese Mountain Dogs
7 See also
8 References
8.1 Footnotes
8.2 Notes
9 Further reading
10 External links
Appearance[edit]
Bernese Mountain Dog
Bernese portrait
A 60-pound, eight-month-old Bernese Mountain Dog puppy
Four breeds of Sennenhund[edit]
The four breeds of Sennenhund, with the original breed name, followed by the most popular English version of the breed name:
Grosser Schweizer Sennenhund, Greater Swiss mountain dog
Berner Sennenhund, Bernese mountain dog
Appenzeller Sennenhund, Appenzeller
Entlebucher Sennenhund, Entlebucher mountain dog
Colouring[edit]
Like the other Sennenhunde, the Bernese mountain dog is a large, heavy dog with a distinctive tri-colored coat, black with white chest and rust colored markings above eyes, sides of mouth, front of legs, and a small amount around the white chest. An ideal of a perfectly marked individual gives the impression of a white horseshoe shape around the nose and a white “Swiss cross” on the chest, when viewed from the front. A “Swiss kiss” is a white mark located typically behind the neck, but may be a part of the neck. A full ring would not meet type standard. The AKC breed standard lists, as disqualifications, blue eye color, and any ground color other than black.[6][7]
Height and weight ranges[edit]
Height at the withers is 24–28 in (61–71 cm) for males, while it is 22–26 in (56–66 cm) for females. Weight is 80–120 lb (35–55 kg) for males, while it is 70–110 lb (30–50 kg) for females.[8]
Build and proportions[edit]
The Bernese mountain dog is slightly longer than it is tall, and it is highly muscular.
Other physical traits[edit]
The head of the Bernese mountain dog is flat on the top with a moderate stop, and the ears are medium-sized, triangular, set high, and rounded at the top. The teeth have a scissors bite. The legs of the Bernese are straight and strong, with round, arched toes. The dewclaws of the Bernese are often removed. Its bushy tail is carried low.
Temperament[edit]
The breed standard for the Bernese mountain dog states that dogs should not be "aggressive, anxious or distinctly shy", but rather should be "good-natured", "self-assured", "placid towards strangers", and "docile".[7] The temperament of individual dogs may vary, and not all examples of the breed have been bred carefully to follow the standard. All large breed dogs should be well socialized when they are puppies, and given regular training and activities throughout their lives.
Bernese are outdoor dogs at heart, though well-behaved in the house; they need activity and exercise, but do not have a great deal of endurance. They can move with amazing bursts of speed for their size when motivated. If they are sound (no problems with their hips, elbows, or other joints), they enjoy hiking and generally stick close to their people.[9] Not being given the adequate amount of exercise may lead to barking and harassing in the Bernese.[10]
Bernese mountain dogs are a breed that generally does well with children, as they are very affectionate.[9] They are patient dogs that take well to children climbing over them.[9] Though they have great energy, a Bernese will also be happy with a calm evening.[9]
Bernese work well with other pets and around strangers.[9] They are excellent guardians. They tend to bond with one owner, and are somewhat aloof and 'standoffish.'[11]
History[edit]
Benno Adam, Bernese Mountain Dog and Her Pups, 1862
Historically, in some locales at least, the breed was called a Dürrbachhund.[12]
The dogs have roots in the Roman Molosser breeds.[13][14][A]
The breed was used as an all purpose farm dog for guarding property and to drive dairy cattle long distances from the farm to the alpine pastures. The type was originally called the Dürrbächler, for a small town (Dürrbach) where the large dogs were especially frequent.[15] In the early 1900s, fanciers exhibited the few examples of the large dogs at shows in Berne, and in 1907 a few breeders from the Burgdorf region founded the first breed club, the Schweizerische Dürrbach-Klub, and wrote the first Standard which defined the dogs as a separate breed. By 1910, there were already 107 registered members of the breed. There is a photo of a working Bernese Mountain Dog, dated 1905 at the Fumee Fall rest area in Quinnesec, MI.
In the US, the Bernese Mountain Dog is growing in popularity, ranking in 32nd place by the American Kennel Club in 2013.[16]
These dogs are very popular as family dogs in German-speaking countries, where they are among the most popular dog breeds (for example, the German Association of Dog Breeders listed the Bernese at the 11th rank per live births in 2014[17]).
Health[edit]
Bernese Mountain Dog puppy
Bernese Mountain Dog standing
Medical problems[edit]
Bernese Mountain Dog
Cancer is the leading cause of death for dogs in general, but Bernese Mountain Dogs have a much higher rate of fatal cancer than other breeds; in both U.S./Canada and UK surveys, nearly half of Bernese Mountain Dogs die of cancer,[18][19] compared to about 27% of all dogs.[18] Bernese Mountain Dogs are killed by many types of cancer, including malignant histiocytosis, mast cell tumor, lymphosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and osteosarcoma.[19] Inherited medical problems that a Bernese Mountain Dog may face include malignant histiocytosis, hypomyelinogenesis, progressive retinal atrophy, and possibly cataracts and hypoadrenocorticism.[20] The breed is also prone to histiocytic sarcoma, a cancer of the muscle tissue that is very aggressive,[21] and hereditary eye diseases that are common among larger dogs.[22] A four-year-old Bernese with lymphoma named Dylan was one of the first dogs to receive chemotherapy at the Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, and it was successful.[23]
Bernese Mountain Dogs have an unusually high mortality due to musculoskeletal causes. Arthritis, hip dysplasia, and cruciate ligament rupture were reported as the cause of death in 6% of Bernese Mountain Dogs in the UK study;[18] for comparison, mortality due to musculoskeletal ailments was reported to be less than 2% for pure-bred dogs in general. Owners of Bernese Mountain Dogs are nearly three times as likely as owners of other breeds to report musculoskeletal problems in their dogs;[18] the most commonly reported being cruciate ligament rupture, arthritis (especially in shoulders and elbows), hip dysplasia, and osteochondritis.[18][19] The age at onset for musculoskeletal problems is also unusually low. In the U.S./Canada study, 11% of living dogs had arthritis at an average age of 4.3 years.[19] Most other common, non-musculoskeletal morbidity issues strike Berners at rates similar to other breeds.[18] Prospective Bernese Mountain Dog owners should be prepared to cope with a large dog that may have mobility problems at a young age. Options to help mobility-impaired dogs may include ramps for car or house access, lifting harnesses and slings, and dog wheelchairs (ex: Walkin` Wheels). Comfortable bedding may help alleviate joint pain.
Life expectancy[edit]
The Bernese is one of the short-lived dog breeds, compared both to other breeds of a similar size and to purebred dogs in general.[24][25] The average life expectancy of a Bernese Mountain Dog is approximately 7 to 8 years.[2][24] Most other breeds of a similar size have median longevities of 10–11 years.[26] In a 2004 UK survey, the longest-lived of 394 deceased Bernese Mountain Dogs died at the age of 15.2 years.[18]
Care[edit]
Activities[edit]
The Bernese's calm temperament makes them a natural for pulling small carts or wagons, a task they originally performed in Switzerland. With proper training they enjoy giving children rides in a cart or participating in a parade, such as the Conway, New Hampshire holiday parade.[27] Regional Bernese clubs often offer carting workshops.[28] Carting competitions are held for the breed.[B]
On July 1, 2010, the Bernese Mountain Dog became eligible to compete in AKC Herding Events. Herding instincts and trainability can be measured at noncompetitive herding tests. Berners exhibiting basic herding instincts can be trained to compete in herding trials.[29]
Grooming[edit]
See also: Dog grooming
Bernese Mountain Dogs shed year-round, and the heaviest shedding is during seasonal changes.[30] Usually the Bernese will only require a brushing once a week, with more in spring and fall, to keep its coat neat and reduce the amount of fur on the floor and furniture.[30] The Bernese will only require a bath about once every couple of months or so, depending on how high its activity level is and how often it spends its time in the dirt.[30]
Special attention should be paid to the ears of the Bernese Mountain Dog, as they can trap bacteria, dirt, and liquid.[30] The risk of an ear infection drops with weekly ear cleanings using a veterinarian-recommended cleanser.[30]
Notable Bernese Mountain Dogs[edit]
This section contains embedded lists that may be poorly defined, unverified or indiscriminate. Please help to clean it up to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Where appropriate, incorporate items into the main body of the article. (November 2017)
Bernese Mountain Dog portrait
Hercules is Pittsburgh Steelers quarterback Ben Roethlisberger's dog that he brought home from the Emmental region of Switzerland during a 2006 weeklong trip to discover his family's roots in the country.[31][32]
Sasha was a Bernese Mountain Dog that followed a goat off of a cliff and managed to survive the fall as well as three days on an ice shelf waiting for rescue.[33]
The characters Bryan (Andrew Rannells) and David (Justin Bartha) in the 2012 TV series The New Normal own two Bernese Mountain Dogs named "Smelly" and "Harvey Milkbone".[34]
Ohly was a Bernese Mountain Dog who achieved notoriety in Canada after disappearing and then being found on Mount Seymour in a dangerous area known as "Suicide Gulley." Members of North Shore Rescue, a local mountain rescue team, tracked, located and rescued Ohly.[35][36][37][38]
Quincey von Wiesmadern, has appeared in various videos with Hansi Hinterseer, an Austrian singer, entertainer and former member of the Austrian Ski Team.[39]
Hannah is the real-life inspiration for the protagonist of children's books such as A Beach Day for Hannah and A Snow Day for Hannah by Linda Petrie Bunch.[40]
Argus and Fiona were two Bernese mountain dogs that were shot and killed when they entered a neighbor's yard.[41] The neighbor who shot the dogs admits that he was overreacting.[41] A Pennsylvania state law states that humans are free to kill animals attacking domestic animals.[42] The man feared a possible attack on his sheep, who were in their fenced off grazing area. Attacks on a neighbor's farm had taken place and resulted in the death of several animals sometime the previous year, although the type of dog who ruthlessly attacked those animals was not a Bernese. However, since no attack was in progress at the time of the shooting, the shooter was charged with two counts of cruelty to animals and one count of recklessly endangering another person, the latter a result of there being a house within the possible line of fire. There were no residents at home at the time of the shooting.[42] On September 11, 2013, the shooter was convicted on two counts of animal cruelty. He faces up to five years in jail for each count.[43]
Nico (2015), an adopted Bernese mountain dog, became a hero when he saved two people who were being swept out into the ocean by a California rip current.[44][45]
Bella saved owner Chris Larocque from a burning house by pulling him out. The owner had reduced mobility from the injuries inflicted, and said that he would have died without Bella's help.[46]
Izzy survived the destruction of her family's Northern California home in the October 2017 Northern California wildfires and emerged from the woods with her tail wagging as her family investigated the ruins. Family members captured the reunion on video. [47]
Bród and Shadow are the pet dogs of the President of Ireland Michael D. Higgins.[48]
See also[edit]
Carting
Guard dog
Molosser
Sennenhund
References[edit]
Footnotes[edit]
Jump up ^ "The breed arrived in Switzerland along with the ancient Roman soldiers. ... The ancient Romans used Bernese mountain dogs as fighting dogs and sent them into battle with heavy iron-studded collars. Subsequently the breed became excellent guardians of the herd. ..."[11]
Jump up ^ For example, the Bernese Mountain Dog Club of America offers drafting trials open to all breeds; dogs can earn eight different titles — four as individual dogs (Novice Draft Dog, Advanced Novice Draft Dog, Draft Dog, and Master Draft Dog) and four brace titles, in which two dogs work one cart together. Regional Bernese clubs often offer carting workshops.[28]
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Borge, K. S.; Tønnessen, R.; Nødtvedt, A.; Indrebø, A. (2011). "Litter size at birth in purebred dogs—A retrospective study of 224 breeds". Theriogenology. 75 (5): 911–919. doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.10.034. PMID 21196028. "n=137 litter size=6.4 range 1-15"
^ Jump up to: a b Leroy, G. G.; Phocas, F.; Hedan, B.; Verrier, E.; Rognon, X. (2015). "Inbreeding impact on litter size and survival in selected canine breeds". The Veterinary Journal. 203: 74–8. doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.11.008. PMID 25475165. litter size=5.51 ± 2.7, longevity mean=7.74 ± 3.03 median=8.15
Jump up ^ "100th Anniversary". Swiss Club for Bernese Mountain Dogs. 2007. Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved January 5, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Bernese Mountain Dog History". American Kennel Club. Retrieved December 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "AKC Working Group". American Kennel Club. Retrieved December 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Bernese Mountain Dog (Berner Sennenhund, Dürrbächler)". May 5, 2003. Archived from the original on May 1, 2011. Retrieved April 3, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "Bernese Mountain Dog: Breed Standard". American Kennel Club. 28 March 1990. Retrieved 4 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "Bernese Mountain Dog Profile". Bernese Breeders Association of Great Britain. Archived from the original on 23 March 2015. Retrieved 23 March 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Bernese Mountain Dog | Temperament & Personality". Bernese Mountain Dog Breed. PetWave. Retrieved 4 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "Too little exercise leads to agitated canine: Ask Dog Lady". Cleveland Plain Dealer. 5 December 2012. Retrieved 11 December 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Schuler, Elizabeth Meriwether (1980). Simon & Schuster's Guide to Dogs. Milano: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore S.p.A., Simon & Schuster. p. 45.
Jump up ^ "Historical photos of the Berner Sennenhund (Bernese Mountain Dog)". Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgermendiz Bern. Archived from the original on January 11, 2011. Retrieved January 5, 2011. . Notice the variety in appearance of the original type
Jump up ^ "Bernese Mountain Dog". Dog Owner's Guide. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ Wilcox, Bonnie, DVM; Walkowicz, Chris (1993) [1989]. Bernese Mountain Dog. The Atlas of Dog Breeds of the World. 1 (4th ed.). Neptune City, NJ Lanham, MD: TFH Publications Distributed in the U.S. to the Bookstore and library trade by National Book Network. p. 188. ISBN 978-0-86622-855-8. ISBN 0-86622-855-1.
Jump up ^ Bernese Mountain Dog, Berner Sennenhund, Dürrbächler, Vertebrate Animals Department, Naturhistorische Museum Bern Archived October 25, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. (in English)
Jump up ^ American Kennel Club 2013 Dog Registration Statistics Historical Comparisons & Notable Trends, The American Kennel Club, Retrieved 30 April 2014
Jump up ^ (VDH), Verband für das Deutsche Hundewesen. "Welpenstatistik der VDH-Mitgliedsvereine- Verband für das Deutsche Hundewesen (VDH)". www.vdh.de. Retrieved 2016-06-09.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Individual Breed Results for Purebred Dog Health Survey". The Kennel Club. August 18, 2006. Retrieved April 3, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "2000 BMDCA Health Survey". Bernese Mountain Dog Club of America, Inc. July 7, 2008. Retrieved April 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ Willis, Dr. Malcolm Beverly (1998). The Bernese Mountain Dog Today. New York: Howell Book House. pp. 16–17. ISBN 1-58245-038-2.
Jump up ^ Marrazzo, Amanda (17 October 2012). "Dog cancer: Dog owner's mission seeks to find help for pet and human cancer victims". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
Jump up ^ The Messenger-Gazette (21 March 2013). "All-breed eye clinic for dogs to be held at 4H Center in Bridgewater". New Jersey Online. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
Jump up ^ McNew, Karen (21 December 2012). "Virginia-Maryland Veterinary College launches oncology program for pets". WSLS10. Retrieved 28 December 2012. [permanent dead link]
^ Jump up to: a b Cassidy, Kelly M. (February 1, 2008). "Breed Longevity Data". Dog Longevity. Retrieved September 18, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Life in dog years: A look at the longest- and shortest-lived breeds". NBC. 2012. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
Jump up ^ Cassidy, Kelly M. (December 26, 2007). "Survey Comparisons". Dog Longevity. Retrieved April 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ Young-Knox, Sara (2 December 2012). "Conway celebrates with jolly holiday parade". The Union Leader. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Afghan Hound, Alaskan Malamute, Bernese Mountain Dog, Cairn Terrier, Portuguese Water Dog". Dogs 101. Season 2. Episode 4. 24 October 2009. 60 minutes in. Animal Planet.
Jump up ^ Hartnagle-Taylor, Jeanne Joy; Taylor, Ty. Stockdog Savvy. Loveland, Colorado: Alpine Publications. p. 300. ISBN 978-1-57779-106-5.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Bernese Mountain Dog | Appearance & Personality". Bernese Mountain Dog Breed. PetWave. Retrieved 26 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "Big Ben exploring his roots in Switzerland". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "Ben Roethlisberger". Swiss Center of North America. Archived from the original on 24 September 2014. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Oliver, Amy (2011). "'Are you telling me she's alive?': Sasha the Bernese Mountain dog plunges 150-feet off cliff after chasing goat and survives". MailOnline.com. Retrieved 28 August 2012.
Jump up ^ Tucker, Ken (2012). "TV: NBC's Comedy Gamble". Entertainment Weekly. Time Warner (#1223): 64–65.
Jump up ^ The Canadian Press (8 December 2012). "Ohly Found On Mount Seymour: Dog Reunited With Family". Huffington Post British Columbia. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Ryan, Denise (10 December 2012). "Team rescues Ohly, Bernese Mountain Dog from Suicide Gully after 13 days on Mt. Seymour". Calgary Herald. Archived from the original on 22 November 2014. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
Jump up ^ McKenna, Cara (9 December 2012). "Ohly Moly! Bernese mountain dog rescued after two weeks on Seymour | Metro". Metro Vancouver. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Jones, Curtis. "A Very Busy Day - "Ohly" the Dog Rescued". Archived from the original on 11 January 2013. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
Jump up ^ "Zwinger von Wiesmadern" [Kennel of Wiesmadern] (in German). Retrieved 27 February 2013.
Jump up ^ Helhoski, Anna (2 January 2013). "Children's Book Author To Bring Dog Stories To Rye". The Rye Daily Voice. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Hondro, Marcus (21 February 2013). "U.S. family mourns as neighbour kills their Bernese Mountain dogs". Digital Journal. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Davis, Carolyn (23 February 2013). "Chester County dog shooter will face charges after all". Philadelphia Daily News. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
Jump up ^ Jimenez, Tim. "Guilty verdict for Chester County Man in Shooting of Neighbors' Dogs". Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: CBS. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
Jump up ^ Moran, Lee (March 23, 2015). "Bernese mountain dog rescues couple from riptide off California coast". Daily News (New York)Daily News. New York. Retrieved March 28, 2015.
Jump up ^ Mecham, Dave (March 20, 2015). "Dog Credited With Saving Swimmers From Dangerous Rip Currents in Ventura" (Video). KTLA. Retrieved March 28, 2015.
Jump up ^ "'I would have died' without hero dog who dragged me from burning building, owner says as canine honoured". The Canadian Press. May 6, 2013. Retrieved June 7, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Family dog emerges alive and healthy from wildfire aftermath". The Associated Press. October 14, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ _ "Just 12 photos of Michael D with his dogs Bród and Shadow". August 30, 2017. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
Further reading[edit]
Christiansen, Amy (2004). A New Owner's Guide To Bernese Mountain Dogs. Neptune City: TFH Publications. p. 160. ISBN 978-0-7938-2818-0.
Cochrane, Diana (1987). Bernese Mountain Dog (hardcover). Diana Cochrane Publications. p. 210. ISBN 978-0-9512206-0-3.
Crawford, Julia (2000-06-13). The Bernese Mountain Dog. An Owner's Guide to a Happy Healthy Pet (hardcover). New York: Howell Book House. ISBN 978-1-58245-162-6.
Guenter, Bernd (2004). The Bernese Mountain Dog: A Dog of Destiny. Sun City: Doral Publishing. ISBN 978-0-9745407-3-3.
Harper, Louise (2004). Bernese Mountain Dog. Kennel Club Books. p. 160. ISBN 978-1-59378-289-4.
Hartnagle-Taylor, Jeanne Joy; Taylor, Ty. Stockdog Savvy. Loveland, Colorado: Alpine Publications. p. 300. ISBN 978-1-57779-106-5.
Ludwig, Gerd; Steimer, Christine (1995). The Bernese and Other Mountain Dogs: Bernese, Greater Swiss, Appenzellers, and Entlebuchers: Everything about Purchase, Care, Nutrition, Breeding. Barrons Educational Series Inc. p. 64. ISBN 978-0-8120-9135-9.
Ostermiller, Lilian (March 1994). Bernese Mountain Dogs (hardcover). TFH Publications. p. 192. ISBN 978-0-86622-572-4.
Petch, Paddy (April 1991). The Bernese Mountain Dog (paperback). Dickson Price Publishers Ltd. p. 160. ISBN 978-0-85380-152-8.
Russ, Diane; Rogers, Shirle (1994). The Beautiful Bernese Mountain Dog: A Complete American Handbook. Loveland, Colorado: Alpine Publications. p. 248. ISBN 978-0-931866-55-5.
Simonds, Jude (1990). The Complete Bernese Mountain Dog. New York: Howell Book House. p. 160. ISBN 978-0-87605-050-7.
Smith, Sharon Chesnutt (1995). The New Bernese Mountain Dog. New York: Howell Books. p. 272. ISBN 978-0-87605-075-0.
Willis, Dr. Malcolm Beverly (1998). The Bernese Mountain Dog Today. New York: Howell Book House. p. 184. ISBN 978-1-58245-038-4.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Berner Sennenhund.
Bernese Mountain Dog at Curlie (based on DMOZ)
"Boris's Book Page". Retrieved February 22, 2011. A Bernese Mountain Dog bibliography.
"Bernese Mountain Dog" (Video). Dogs 101 Season 3. Animal Planet. January 22, 2018 – via YouTube.
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