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Deputy Prime Minister of Australia
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Not to be confused with Deputy Premiers of the Australian states.
Deputy Prime Minister of Australia
Commonwealth Coat of Arms
Incumbent
Michael McCormack
since 26 February 2018
Style
The Honourable
Appointer
Governor-General of Australia on the recommendation of the Prime Minister
Term length
At the Governor-General's pleasure
Inaugural holder
John McEwen
Formation
10 January 1968 (first gazetted)
Salary
AU$416,212 (since 2017)
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The Deputy Prime Minister of Australia is the second-most senior officer in the Government of Australia. The office of Deputy Prime Minister was officially created as a ministerial portfolio in 1968, although the title had been used informally for many years previously. The Deputy Prime Minister is appointed by the Governor-General on the advice of the Prime Minister. When Australia has a Labor Government, the deputy leader of the party holds the position of Deputy Prime Minister. When Australia has a Coalition Government (as it does now), the Coalition Agreement mandates that all Coalition members support the leader of the Liberal Party becoming Prime Minister and mandates that the leader of the National Party be selected as Deputy Prime Minister.[1]
The present office-holder, Michael McCormack, was elected Leader of the National Party on Monday 26 February 2018[2] at a meeting at which the resignations of his predecessor, Barnaby Joyce, became effective.[3][4][5] Joyce resigned following controversies over his actions[3] and returned to the back bench.[6] McCormack was sworn in as Deputy Prime Minister later the same day.[7]
The 2017 Australian constitutional crisis resulted in the position being made vacant for the first time since its official creation. Barnaby Joyce, the then-incumbent, was ruled ineligible to be a member of parliament by the High Court of Australia sitting as the Court of Disputed Returns on 27 October 2017, as he held New Zealand citizenship at the time of his election in contravention of Section 44 of the Constitution of Australia.[8][9] Joyce regained the position on 6 December 2017[10] after he won the by-election for the seat of New England several days earlier.[9]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Duties
3 Salary
4 List of Deputy Prime Ministers of Australia
5 Living former Deputy Prime Ministers
6 Informal Deputy Prime Ministers
7 References
8 External links
History[edit]
Originally the position of deputy Prime Minister was an unofficial or honorary position. The unofficial position acquired more significance following the 1922 federal election, which saw the governing Nationalist Party lose its parliamentary majority. The Nationalists eventually reached a coalition agreement with the Country Party, which called for Country Party leader Earle Page to take the second rank in the Nationalist-led ministry of Stanley Bruce. While Page's only official title was Treasurer, he was considered as a deputy to Bruce.[11] Until 1968 the term was used unofficially for the second-highest ranking minister in the government, especially while the Coalition was in government. Under the Coalition agreement between the Liberals (and their predecessors) and Country Party, when in government, the position was held by the leader of the Country Party (subsequently the National Party). That continues to be case when the Coalition is in government.[1] In the case of Labor governments, the party's deputy leader was and continues to be the Deputy Prime Minister.
On 19 December 1967, John McEwen, the long-serving leader of the Country Party in the Coalition government, was sworn in as interim Prime Minister following the sudden death in office of Prime Minister Harold Holt. (There was discussion that deputy Liberal leader and Treasurer William McMahon should assume the office. McMahon had planned a party room meeting on 20 December to elect a new leader, intending to stand for the position himself. However, this was pre-empted by McEwen who publicly declared on the morning of 18 December that he would not serve in a McMahon government.) McEwen was sworn in as Prime Minister on the understanding that his commission would continue only so long as it took for the Liberals to elect a new leader. The Liberal leadership ballot was rescheduled for 9 January 1968. As it turned out, McMahon did not stand, and Senator John Gorton was elected, replacing McEwen as Prime Minister on 10 January 1968.[12] McEwen reverted to his previous status as the second-ranking member of the government, as per the Coalition agreement. He had unofficially been Deputy Prime Minister since becoming Country Party leader in 1958, and since 1966 had exercised an effective veto over government policy by virtue of being the longest-serving member of the government; he had been a member of the Coalition frontbench without interruption since 1937. To acknowledge McEwen's long service and his status as the second-ranking member of the government, Gorton formally created the post of Deputy Prime Minister, with McEwen as the first holder of the post.
Governor-General Lord Casey also accepted the view put to him by McEwen that to commission a Liberal temporarily as Prime Minister would give that person an unfair advantage in the forthcoming party room ballot for the permanent leader. McEwen's appointment was in keeping with the previous occasion when the main non-Labor party was without a leader; Earle Page of the Country Party was interim Prime Minister between 7 and 26 April 1939—the period between Joseph Lyons' sudden death and the United Australia Party naming Robert Menzies his successor.
Since 1968 only two Deputy Prime Ministers have gone on to become Prime Minister: Paul Keating and Julia Gillard. In both cases, they succeeded incumbent Prime Ministers who lost the support of their party caucus mid-term and their election as party leader preceded their predecessor's resignations and their subsequent appointments as Prime Minister. Frank Forde, who had been deputy Labor leader when John Curtin died, was interim Prime Minister between 6 and 13 July 1945, when a leadership ballot took place that elected Ben Chifley as Curtin's successor.
In November 2007, when the Australian Labor Party won government, Julia Gillard became Australia's first female, and first foreign-born, Deputy Prime Minister.
In 2017, the position became vacant for a period of 40 days, the only time in its history when it has been unoccupied. As part of the 2017–18 Australian parliamentary eligibility crisis, it emerged that the then-incumbent Barnaby Joyce was a citizen of New Zealand by descent (jus sanguinis – by right of blood) at the time of the 2016 federal election.[13] Joyce told the House of Representatives that he was advised of his citizenship status on 10 August 2017 by the New Zealand High Commission[14] and his renunciation of his dual citizenship became effective on 15 August 2017.[15] Nevertheless, he asked for his case to be referred to the High Court of Australia (sitting as the Court of Disputed Returns) for adjudication,[13] and they ruled that his election was invalid under section 44 of the Constitution of Australia.[8][9] The government immediately issued writs for a by-election for the seat of New England to be held on 2 December 2017, which Joyce won easily.[9] Governor-General Sir Peter Cosgrove re-appointed Joyce as Deputy Prime Minister on 6 December 2017.[10]
In practice, only National party leaders or Labor Party deputy leaders have held the position.
Duties[edit]
The duties of the Deputy Prime Minister are to act on behalf of the Prime Minister in his or her absence overseas or on leave. The Deputy Prime Minister has always been a member of the Cabinet, and has always held at least one substantive portfolio. (It would be technically possible for a minister to hold only the portfolio of Deputy Prime Minister, but this has never happened.)
If the Prime Minister were to die, become incapacitated or resign, the Governor-General would normally appoint the Deputy Prime Minister as Prime Minister on an interim basis until the governing party elects a new leader, but is not obligated to do so. This has not occurred since the office was created as a portfolio in 1968.
Salary[edit]
Members of parliament receive a base salary of $203,030, which is set by the Remuneration Tribunal (an independent statutory authority). Government ministers receive an additional amount, which is determined by the government itself based on the recommendations of the Remuneration Tribunal.[16] The deputy prime minister receives an additional 105 percent of the base salary, making for a total salary of $416,212.[17] The holder of the office also receives various other allowances and entitlements.[16]
List of Deputy Prime Ministers of Australia[edit]
The following individuals have been officially appointed as Deputy Prime Minister of Australia since the office of Deputy Prime Minister was created as a ministerial portfolio in 1968:[18][19]
#
Deputy Prime Minister
Party affiliation
and position
Ministerial title
Term start
Term end
Term in office
Prime Minister
1 John McEwen Country
Leader 1958–71 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Trade and Industry 10 January 1968 (1968-01-10) 5 February 1971 (1971-02-05) 3 years, 26 days John Gorton
2 Doug Anthony Country
Leader 1971–84 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Trade and Industry 5 February 1971 (1971-02-05) 10 March 1971 (1971-03-10) 1 year, 304 days
10 March 1971 (1971-03-10) 5 December 1972 (1972-12-05) William McMahon
3 Lance Barnard Labor
Deputy Leader 1967–74 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Defence 5 December 1972 (1972-12-05) 12 June 1974 (1974-06-12) 1 year, 189 days Gough Whitlam
4 Jim Cairns Labor
Deputy Leader 1974–75 Deputy Prime Minister
Treasurer 12 June 1974 (1974-06-12) 2 July 1975 (1975-07-02) 1 year, 20 days
5 Frank Crean Labor
Deputy Leader 1975 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Overseas Trade 2 July 1975 (1975-07-02) 11 November 1975 (1975-11-11) 132 days
Doug Anthony Country National
Leader 1971–84 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Trade and Industry 12 November 1975 (1975-11-12) 11 March 1983 (1983-03-11) 7 years, 119 days Malcolm Fraser
6 Lionel Bowen Labor
Deputy Leader 1977–90 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Trade
Vice-President of the Executive Council
Leader of the House
Attorney-General 11 March 1983 (1983-03-11) 4 April 1990 (1990-04-04) 7 years, 24 days Bob Hawke
7 Paul Keating Labor
Deputy Leader 1990–91 Deputy Prime Minister
Treasurer 4 April 1990 (1990-04-04) 3 June 1991 (1991-06-03) 1 year, 60 days
8 Brian Howe Labor
Deputy Leader 1991–95 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Health
Minister for Housing
Minister for Community Services
Minister for Local Government
Minister for Regional Affairs 3 June 1991 (1991-06-03) 20 December 1991 (1991-12-20) 4 years, 17 days
20 December 1991 (1991-12-20) 20 June 1995 (1995-06-20) Paul Keating
9 Kim Beazley Labor
Deputy Leader 1995–96 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Finance
Leader of the House 20 June 1995 (1995-06-20) 11 March 1996 (1996-03-11) 265 days
10 Tim Fischer National
Leader 1990–99 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Trade 11 March 1996 (1996-03-11) 20 July 1999 (1999-07-20) 3 years, 131 days John Howard
11 John Anderson National
Leader 1999–2005 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Transport and Regional Development 20 July 1999 (1999-07-20) 6 July 2005 (2005-07-06) 5 years, 351 days
12 Mark Vaile National
Leader 2005–7 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Trade
Minister for Transport and Regional Services 6 July 2005 (2005-07-06) 3 December 2007 (2007-12-03) 2 years, 150 days
13 Julia Gillard Labor
Deputy Leader 2006–10 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations
Minister for Education
Minister for Social Inclusion 3 December 2007 (2007-12-03) 24 June 2010 (2010-06-24) 2 years, 203 days Kevin Rudd
14 Wayne Swan Labor
Deputy Leader 2010–13 Deputy Prime Minister
Treasurer 24 June 2010 (2010-06-24) 27 June 2013 (2013-06-27) 3 years, 3 days Julia Gillard
15 Anthony Albanese Labor
Deputy Leader 2013 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy
Minister for Infrastructure and Transport 27 June 2013 (2013-06-27) 18 September 2013 (2013-09-18) 83 days Kevin Rudd
16 Warren Truss National
Leader 2007–16 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Infrastructure and Regional Development 18 September 2013 (2013-09-18) 15 September 2015 (2015-09-15) 2 years, 153 days Tony Abbott
15 September 2015 (2015-09-15) 18 February 2016 Malcolm Turnbull
17 Barnaby Joyce National
Leader 2016–18 Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Agriculture and Water Resources
Minister for Resources and Northern Australia (25 July 2017 – 27 October 2017) 18 February 2016 (2016-02-18) 27 October 2017 (2017-10-27) 2 years, 8 days
Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Infrastructure and Transport (20 December 2017 – 26 February 2018) 6 December 2017 (2017-12-06) 26 February 2018 (2018-02-26)
18 Michael McCormack National
Leader 2018-Present Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Infrastructure and Transport
Minister for Defence Personnel (until 5 March 2018)
Minister for Veterans' Affairs (until 5 March 2018) 26 February 2018 (2018-02-26) Incumbent 55 days
Living former Deputy Prime Ministers[edit]
As of April 2018, there are 12 living former Deputy Prime Ministers of Australia, the oldest being Doug Anthony (born 1929). The most recent former deputy prime minister to die was Lionel Bowen (1983–1990), on 1 April 2012.
Doug Anthony (1971–72, 1975–83)
Paul Keating (1990–91)
Brian Howe (1991–95)
Kim Beazley (1995–96)
Tim Fischer (1996–99)
John Anderson (1999–2005)
Mark Vaile (2005–07)
Julia Gillard (2007–10)
Wayne Swan (2010–13)
Anthony Albanese (2013)
Warren Truss (2013–16)
Barnaby Joyce (2016–17, 2017–18)
Informal Deputy Prime Ministers[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The office of Deputy Prime Minister was created in January 1968 but prior to that time the term was used unofficially for the second-highest ranking minister in the government.
Name
Picture
Term of office
Political party and position
Ministerial Offices
Prime Minister
Alfred Deakin 1901 1903 Protectionist Party
Deputy Leader 1901–03 Attorney-General
Acting Prime Minister 1902
Edmund Barton
William Lyne 1903 1904 Protectionist Party
Deputy Leader 1901–09 Minister for Trade and Customs
Alfred Deakin
Gregor McGregor 1904 1904 Australian Labor Party
Deputy Leader 1901–14 Vice-President of the Executive Council
Chris Watson
Allan McLean 1904 1905 Protectionist Party Minister for Trade and Customs
George Reid
William Lyne 1905 1908 Protectionist Party
Deputy Leader 1901–09 Minister for Trade and Customs
Treasurer
Alfred Deakin
Gregor McGregor 1908 1909 Australian Labor Party
Deputy Leader 1901–14 Vice-President of the Executive Council
Andrew Fisher
Joseph Cook 1909 1910 Commonwealth Liberal Party
Deputy Leader 1909–13 Minister for Defence
Alfred Deakin
Gregor McGregor 1910 1913 Australian Labor Party
Deputy Leader 1901–14 Vice-President of the Executive Council
Andrew Fisher
John Forrest 1913 1914 Commonwealth Liberal Party
Deputy Leader 1913–16 Treasurer
Joseph Cook
Billy Hughes 1914 1915 Australian Labor Party
Deputy Leader 1914–15 Attorney-General
Acting Prime Minister 1915
Andrew Fisher
George Pearce 1915 1916 Australian Labor Party
Deputy Leader 1915–16 Minister for Defence
Acting Prime Minister 1916
Billy Hughes
1916 1917 National Labor Party
Deputy Leader 1916–17
William Watt 1918 1920 Nationalist
Deputy Leader 1918–20 Treasurer
Acting Prime Minister 1918–19
Joseph Cook 1917 1921 Nationalist
Deputy Leader 1920–21 Minister for the Navy
Treasurer
acting Prime Minister May–September 1921
Earle Page 1923 1929 Country Party
Leader 1921–39 Treasurer
Stanley Bruce
Ted Theodore 1929 1932 Australian Labor Party
Deputy Leader 1929–32 Treasurer
James Scullin
James Fenton 1930 1931 Australian Labor Party
Temporary Leader 1929–32 Acting Prime Minister 1930–31
James Scullin
John Latham 1932 1934 United Australia Party
Deputy Leader 1932–34 Attorney-General
Minister for External Affairs
Minister for Industry
Joseph Lyons
George Pearce 1934 1934 United Australia Party
Deputy Leader 1934 Minister for External Affairs
Minister in Charge of Territories
Earle Page 1934 1939 Country Party
Leader 1921–39 Minister for Commerce
Minister for Health
Archie Cameron 1940 1940 Country Party
Leader 1939–40 Postmaster-General
Minister for Commerce
Minister for the Navy
Robert Menzies
Arthur Fadden 1940 1941 Country Party
Leader 1940–58 Minister for the Air
Minister for Civil Aviation
Treasurer
Acting Prime Minister 1940
Billy Hughes 1941 1941 United Australia Party
Leader 1941–43 Minister for the Navy
Attorney-General
Arthur Fadden
Frank Forde 1941 1946 Australian Labor Party
Deputy Leader 1932–46 Minister for the Army
Minister for Defence
Acting Prime Minister April–July 1944, November 1944 – January 1945, Prime Minister for one week in 1945
John Curtin
Ben Chifley
H. V. Evatt 1946 1949 Australian Labor Party
Deputy Leader 1946–51 Minister for External Affairs
Attorney-General
Arthur Fadden 1949 1958 Country Party
Leader 1940–58 Treasurer
Robert Menzies
John McEwen 1958 1967 Country Party
Leader 1958–71 Minister for Trade and Industry
Acting Prime Minister June–July 1965
Harold Holt
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Koziol, Michael; Bagshaw, Eryk (16 February 2018). "Why can't Malcolm Turnbull sack Barnaby Joyce?". The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
Jump up ^ Murphy, Katharine (26 February 2018). "Nationals appoint Michael McCormack as leader after George Christensen mounts challenge". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Probyn, Andrew (24 February 2018). "Malcolm Turnbull says Barnaby Joyce made 'right decision', says bond with Nationals 'strong'". ABC News (Online). News and Current Affairs Division of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
Jump up ^ Dziedzic, Stephen; Lipson, David (24 February 2018). "Barnaby Joyce's exit leaves Nationals looking to repair broken bonds". ABC News (Online). News and Current Affairs Division of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
Jump up ^ Massola, James (23 February 2018). "Barnaby Joyce quits as Deputy Prime Minister". The Age. Fairfax Media. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
Jump up ^ Elton-Pym, James (23 February 2018). "Barnaby Joyce has resigned as the leader of the Nationals and deputy prime minister of Australia to sit on the government's backbench". SBS World News. Special Broadcasting Service. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
Jump up ^ Yaxley, Louise (26 February 2018). "Michael McCormack replaces Barnaby Joyce as Deputy Prime Minister and Nationals leader". ABC News (Online). News and Current Affairs Division of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Massola, James (27 October 2017). "High Court citizenship verdict: Barnaby Joyce facing byelection in hammer blow to Turnbull government". The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Green, Antony (2017). "2017 New England by-election – Guide". ABC News (Online). News and Current Affairs Division of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
Green, Antony (15 January 2018). "2017 New England by-election – Commentary". ABC News (Online). News and Current Affairs Division of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Murphy, Jamieson (6 December 2017). "Barnaby Joyce is once again the Deputy Prime Minister after being sworn in". Northern Daily Leader. Rural Press. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
Jump up ^ PrimeFacts: Deputy Prime Ministers of Australia
Jump up ^ http://primeministers.naa.gov.au/primeministers/mcmahon/before-office.aspx
^ Jump up to: a b Gartrell, Adam; Remeikis, Amy (14 August 2017). "Barnaby Joyce refers himself to High Court over potential dual citizenship". The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
Jump up ^ Barnaby Joyce, Deputy Prime Minister (14 August 2017). "Parliamentary Representation" (PDF). Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Commonwealth of Australia: House of Representatives. p. 8185. Retrieved 26 February 2018. Last Thursday afternoon the New Zealand High Commission contacted me to advise that, on the basis of preliminary advice from their Department of Internal Affairs, which had received inquiries from the New Zealand Labour Party, they considered that I may be a citizen by descent of New Zealand.
Jump up ^ Vielleris, Renee (15 August 2017). "Documentary evidence Barnaby Joyce has renounced his NZ citizenship". news.com.au. News Corp Australia. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Determination 2017/23: Members of Parliament, Remuneration Tribunal. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
Jump up ^ Report on Ministers of State - Salaries Additional to the Basic Parliamentary Salary, Remuneration Tribunal. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
Jump up ^ "Ministries and Cabinets". 43rd Parliamentary Handbook: Historical information on the Australian Parliament. Parliament of Australia. 2010. Archived from the original on 13 August 2014. Retrieved 9 July 2013.
Jump up ^ "Deputy Prime Ministers of Australia" (PDF). Museum of Australian Democracy. Retrieved 27 July 2013.
External links[edit]
The official site of the Deputy Prime Minister of Australia
[show]
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Deputy Prime Ministers of Australia
John McEwen
Doug Anthony
Lance Barnard
Jim Cairns
Frank Crean
Doug Anthony
Lionel Bowen
Paul Keating
Brian Howe
Kim Beazley
Tim Fischer
John Anderson
Mark Vaile
Julia Gillard
Wayne Swan
Anthony Albanese
Warren Truss
Barnaby Joyce
Michael McCormack
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Ministerial portfolios of the Commonwealth of Australia
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Aged Care
Agriculture and Water Resources
Arts
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List of World Number One male golfers
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The following is a list of the 20 golfers who have risen to the top of the Official World Golf Ranking. As of April 22, 2018, Dustin Johnson is the number one ranked golfer. Tiger Woods has spent the most consecutive weeks (281) and most total weeks (683) in that position. Three golfers have spent an entire calendar year atop the rankings: Nick Faldo (1993), Greg Norman (1996), and Woods (2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009).
Contents
[hide]
1 Number one ranked men
2 Weeks at number one
3 Weeks at number one by country
4 Weeks at number one by Ryder Cup or Presidents Cup zone
5 Earlier number ones
6 References
7 External links
Number one ranked men[edit]
Note 1: In the first column, each number signifies the first time that golfer was ranked number one.
Note 2: In the "Cumulative total" column, each boldface number signifies the most recent time that golfer was ranked number one.
* Current number one player as of April 22, 2018
#
Country
Player
Start date
End date
Number
of weeks
Cumulative
total
Ref.
7000100000000000000♠1 FRG Langer, BernhardBernhard Langer 000000001986-04-06-0000April 6, 1986 000000001986-04-26-0000April 26, 1986 7000300000000000000♠3 7000300000000000000♠3 [1]
7000200000000000000♠2 ESP Ballesteros, SeveSeve Ballesteros 000000001986-04-27-0000April 27, 1986 000000001986-09-13-0000September 13, 1986 7001200000000000000♠20 7001200000000000000♠20
7000300000000000000♠3 AUS Norman, GregGreg Norman 000000001986-09-14-0000September 14, 1986 000000001987-11-21-0000November 21, 1987 7001620000000000000♠62 7001620000000000000♠62
7000200000000000000♠ ESP Ballesteros, SeveSeve Ballesteros (2) 000000001987-11-22-0000November 22, 1987 000000001987-11-28-0000November 28, 1987 7000100000000000000♠1 7001210000000000000♠21 [2]
7000300000000000000♠ AUS Norman, GregGreg Norman (2) 000000001987-11-29-0000November 29, 1987 000000001988-10-29-0000October 29, 1988 7001480000000000000♠48 7002110000000000000♠110 [3]
7000200000000000000♠ ESP Ballesteros, SeveSeve Ballesteros (3) 000000001988-10-30-0000October 30, 1988 000000001988-11-05-0000November 5, 1988 7000100000000000000♠1 7001220000000000000♠22 [4]
7000300000000000000♠ AUS Norman, GregGreg Norman (3) 000000001988-11-06-0000November 6, 1988 000000001988-11-12-0000November 12, 1988 7000100000000000000♠1 7002111000000000000♠111 [5]
7000200000000000000♠ ESP Ballesteros, SeveSeve Ballesteros (4) 000000001988-11-13-0000November 13, 1988 000000001989-03-25-0000March 25, 1989 7001190000000000000♠19 7001410000000000000♠41 [6]
7000300000000000000♠ AUS Norman, GregGreg Norman (4) 000000001989-03-26-0000March 26, 1989 000000001989-04-01-0000April 1, 1989 7000100000000000000♠1 7002112000000000000♠112 [7]
7000200000000000000♠ ESP Ballesteros, SeveSeve Ballesteros (5) 000000001989-04-02-0000April 2, 1989 000000001989-08-19-0000August 19, 1989 7001200000000000000♠20 7001610000000000000♠61 [8]
7000300000000000000♠ AUS Norman, GregGreg Norman (5) 000000001989-08-20-0000August 20, 1989 000000001990-09-01-0000September 1, 1990 7001540000000000000♠54 7002166000000000000♠166 [9]
7000400000000000000♠4 ENG Faldo, NickNick Faldo 000000001990-09-02-0000September 2, 1990 000000001990-10-13-0000October 13, 1990 7000600000000000000♠6 7000600000000000000♠6 [10]
7000300000000000000♠ AUS Norman, GregGreg Norman (6) 000000001990-10-14-0000October 14, 1990 000000001991-02-02-0000February 2, 1991 7001160000000000000♠16 7002182000000000000♠182 [11]
7000400000000000000♠ ENG Faldo, NickNick Faldo (2) 000000001991-02-03-0000February 3, 1991 000000001991-04-06-0000April 6, 1991 7000900000000000000♠9 7001150000000000000♠15
7000500000000000000♠5 WAL Woosnam, IanIan Woosnam 000000001991-04-07-0000April 7, 1991 000000001992-03-21-0000March 21, 1992 7001500000000000000♠50 7001500000000000000♠50
7000600000000000000♠6 USA Couples, FredFred Couples 000000001992-03-22-0000March 22, 1992 000000001992-03-28-0000March 28, 1992 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1
7000400000000000000♠ ENG Faldo, NickNick Faldo (3) 000000001992-03-29-0000March 29, 1992 000000001992-04-04-0000April 4, 1992 7000100000000000000♠1 7001160000000000000♠16
7000600000000000000♠ USA Couples, FredFred Couples (2) 000000001992-04-05-0000April 5, 1992 000000001992-07-18-0000July 18, 1992 7001150000000000000♠15 7001160000000000000♠16
7000400000000000000♠ ENG Faldo, NickNick Faldo (4) 000000001992-07-19-0000July 19, 1992 000000001994-02-05-0000February 5, 1994 7001810000000000000♠81 7001970000000000000♠97
7000300000000000000♠ AUS Norman, GregGreg Norman (7) 000000001994-02-06-0000February 6, 1994 000000001994-08-13-0000August 13, 1994 7001270000000000000♠27 7002209000000000000♠209
7000700000000000000♠7 ZIM Price, NickNick Price 000000001994-08-14-0000August 14, 1994 000000001995-06-17-0000June 17, 1995 7001440000000000000♠44 7001440000000000000♠44
7000300000000000000♠ AUS Norman, GregGreg Norman (8) 000000001995-06-18-0000June 18, 1995 000000001997-04-19-0000April 19, 1997 7001960000000000000♠96 7002305000000000000♠305
7000800000000000000♠8 USA Lehman, TomTom Lehman 000000001997-04-20-0000April 20, 1997 000000001997-04-26-0000April 26, 1997 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1
7000300000000000000♠ AUS Norman, GregGreg Norman (9) 000000001997-04-27-0000April 27, 1997 000000001997-06-14-0000June 14, 1997 7000700000000000000♠7 7002312000000000000♠312
7000900000000000000♠9 USA Woods, TigerTiger Woods 000000001997-06-15-0000June 15, 1997 000000001997-06-21-0000June 21, 1997 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1
7001100000000000000♠10 ZAF Els, ErnieErnie Els 000000001997-06-22-0000June 22, 1997 000000001997-06-28-0000June 28, 1997 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1
7000300000000000000♠ AUS Norman, GregGreg Norman (10) 000000001997-06-29-0000June 29, 1997 000000001997-07-05-0000July 5, 1997 7000100000000000000♠1 7002313000000000000♠313
7000900000000000000♠ USA Woods, TigerTiger Woods (2) 000000001997-07-06-0000July 6, 1997 000000001997-09-06-0000September 6, 1997 7000900000000000000♠9 7001100000000000000♠10
7000300000000000000♠ AUS Norman, GregGreg Norman (11) 000000001997-09-07-0000September 7, 1997 000000001998-01-10-0000January 10, 1998 7001180000000000000♠18 7002331000000000000♠331
7000900000000000000♠ USA Woods, TigerTiger Woods (3) 000000001998-01-11-0000January 11, 1998 000000001998-04-11-0000April 11, 1998 7001130000000000000♠13 7001230000000000000♠23
7001100000000000000♠ ZAF Els, ErnieErnie Els (2) 000000001998-04-12-0000April 12, 1998 000000001998-05-09-0000May 9, 1998 7000400000000000000♠4 7000500000000000000♠5
7000900000000000000♠ USA Woods, TigerTiger Woods (4) 000000001998-05-10-0000May 10, 1998 000000001998-05-16-0000May 16, 1998 7000100000000000000♠1 7001240000000000000♠24
7001100000000000000♠ ZAF Els, ErnieErnie Els (3) 000000001998-05-17-0000May 17, 1998 000000001998-06-13-0000June 13, 1998 7000400000000000000♠4 7000900000000000000♠9
7000900000000000000♠ USA Woods, TigerTiger Woods (5) 000000001998-06-14-0000June 14, 1998 000000001999-03-27-0000March 27, 1999 7001410000000000000♠41 7001650000000000000♠65
7001110000000000000♠11 USA Duval, DavidDavid Duval 000000001999-03-28-0000March 28, 1999 000000001999-07-03-0000July 3, 1999 7001140000000000000♠14 7001140000000000000♠14
7000900000000000000♠ USA Woods, TigerTiger Woods (6) 000000001999-07-04-0000July 4, 1999 000000001999-08-07-0000August 7, 1999 7000500000000000000♠5 7001700000000000000♠70
7001110000000000000♠ USA Duval, DavidDavid Duval (2) 000000001999-08-08-0000August 8, 1999 000000001999-08-14-0000August 14, 1999 7000100000000000000♠1 7001150000000000000♠15
7000900000000000000♠ USA Woods, TigerTiger Woods (7) 000000001999-08-15-0000August 15, 1999 000000002004-09-04-0000September 4, 2004 7002264000000000000♠264 7002334000000000000♠334
7001120000000000000♠12 FJI Singh, VijayVijay Singh 000000002004-09-05-0000September 5, 2004 000000002005-03-05-0000March 5, 2005 7001260000000000000♠26 7001260000000000000♠26
7000900000000000000♠ USA Woods, TigerTiger Woods (8) 000000002005-03-06-0000March 6, 2005 000000002005-03-19-0000March 19, 2005 7000200000000000000♠2 7002336000000000000♠336
7001120000000000000♠ FJI Singh, VijayVijay Singh (2) 000000002005-03-20-0000March 20, 2005 000000002005-04-09-0000April 9, 2005 7000300000000000000♠3 7001290000000000000♠29
7000900000000000000♠ USA Woods, TigerTiger Woods (9) 000000002005-04-10-0000April 10, 2005 000000002005-05-21-0000May 21, 2005 7000600000000000000♠6 7002342000000000000♠342
7001120000000000000♠ FJI Singh, VijayVijay Singh (3) 000000002005-05-22-0000May 22, 2005 000000002005-06-11-0000June 11, 2005 7000300000000000000♠3 7001320000000000000♠32
7000900000000000000♠ USA Woods, TigerTiger Woods (10) 000000002005-06-12-0000June 12, 2005 000000002010-10-30-0000October 30, 2010 7002281000000000000♠281 (record) 7002623000000000000♠623
7001130000000000000♠13 ENG Westwood, LeeLee Westwood 000000002010-10-31-0000October 31, 2010 000000002011-02-26-0000February 26, 2011 7001170000000000000♠17 7001170000000000000♠17 [12][13]
7001140000000000000♠14 DEU Kaymer, MartinMartin Kaymer 000000002011-02-27-0000February 27, 2011 000000002011-04-23-0000April 23, 2011 7000800000000000000♠8 7000800000000000000♠8
7001130000000000000♠ ENG Westwood, LeeLee Westwood (2) 000000002011-04-24-0000April 24, 2011 000000002011-05-28-0000May 28, 2011 7000500000000000000♠5 7001220000000000000♠22
7001150000000000000♠15 ENG Donald, LukeLuke Donald 000000002011-05-29-0000May 29, 2011 000000002012-03-03-0000March 3, 2012 7001400000000000000♠40 7001400000000000000♠40
7001160000000000000♠16 NIR McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy 000000002012-03-04-0000March 4, 2012 000000002012-03-17-0000March 17, 2012 7000200000000000000♠2 7000200000000000000♠2 [14]
7001150000000000000♠ ENG Donald, LukeLuke Donald (2) 000000002012-03-18-0000March 18, 2012 000000002012-04-14-0000April 14, 2012 7000400000000000000♠4 7001440000000000000♠44 [15]
7001160000000000000♠ NIR McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy (2) 000000002012-04-15-0000April 15, 2012 000000002012-04-28-0000April 28, 2012 7000200000000000000♠2 7000400000000000000♠4 [16]
7001150000000000000♠ ENG Donald, LukeLuke Donald (3) 000000002012-04-29-0000April 29, 2012 000000002012-05-05-0000May 5, 2012 7000100000000000000♠1 7001450000000000000♠45 [17]
7001160000000000000♠ NIR McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy (3) 000000002012-05-06-0000May 6, 2012 000000002012-05-26-0000May 26, 2012 7000300000000000000♠3 7000700000000000000♠7 [18]
7001150000000000000♠ ENG Donald, LukeLuke Donald (4) 000000002012-05-27-0000May 27, 2012 000000002012-08-11-0000August 11, 2012 7001110000000000000♠11 7001560000000000000♠56 [19]
7001160000000000000♠ NIR McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy (4) 000000002012-08-12-0000August 12, 2012 000000002013-03-24-0000March 24, 2013 7001320000000000000♠32 7001390000000000000♠39
7000900000000000000♠ USA Woods, TigerTiger Woods (11) 000000002013-03-25-0000March 25, 2013 000000002014-05-17-0000May 17, 2014 7001600000000000000♠60 7002683000000000000♠683 (record)
7001170000000000000♠17 AUS Scott, AdamAdam Scott 000000002014-05-18-0000May 18, 2014 000000002014-08-02-0000August 2, 2014 7001110000000000000♠11 7001110000000000000♠11
7001160000000000000♠ NIR McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy (5) 000000002014-08-03-0000August 3, 2014 000000002015-08-15-0000August 15, 2015 7001540000000000000♠54 7001930000000000000♠93
7001180000000000000♠18 USA Spieth, JordanJordan Spieth 000000002015-08-16-0000August 16, 2015 000000002015-08-29-0000August 29, 2015 7000200000000000000♠2 7000200000000000000♠2
7001160000000000000♠ NIR McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy (6) 000000002015-08-30-0000August 30, 2015 000000002015-09-05-0000September 5, 2015 7000100000000000000♠1 7001940000000000000♠94
7001180000000000000♠ USA Spieth, JordanJordan Spieth (2) 000000002015-09-06-0000September 6, 2015 000000002015-09-12-0000September 12, 2015 7000100000000000000♠1 7000300000000000000♠3
7001160000000000000♠ NIR McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy (7) 000000002015-09-13-0000September 13, 2015 000000002015-09-19-0000September 19, 2015 7000100000000000000♠1 7001950000000000000♠95
7001190000000000000♠19 AUS Day, JasonJason Day 000000002015-09-20-0000September 20, 2015 000000002015-09-26-0000September 26, 2015 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1
7001180000000000000♠ USA Spieth, JordanJordan Spieth (3) 000000002015-09-27-0000September 27, 2015 000000002015-10-17-0000October 17, 2015 7000300000000000000♠3 7000600000000000000♠6
7001190000000000000♠ AUS Day, JasonJason Day (2) 000000002015-10-18-0000October 18, 2015 000000002015-11-07-0000November 7, 2015 7000300000000000000♠3 7000400000000000000♠4
7001180000000000000♠ USA Spieth, JordanJordan Spieth (4) 000000002015-11-08-0000November 8, 2015 000000002016-03-26-0000March 26, 2016 7001200000000000000♠20 7001260000000000000♠26
7001190000000000000♠ AUS Day, JasonJason Day (3) 000000002016-03-27-0000March 27, 2016 000000002017-02-18-0000February 18, 2017 7001470000000000000♠47 7001510000000000000♠51
7001200000000000000♠20 USA Johnson, DustinDustin Johnson * 000000002017-02-19-0000February 19, 2017 Present 7001620000000000000♠62 7001620000000000000♠62
Weeks at number one[edit]
* Current number one player as of April 22, 2018
Rank
Player
Country
Weeks
Order
Majors
7000100000000000000♠1 Woods, TigerTiger Woods United States 683 9 14
7000200000000000000♠2 Norman, GregGreg Norman Australia 331 3 2
7000300000000000000♠3 Faldo, NickNick Faldo England 97 4 6
7000400000000000000♠4 McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy Northern Ireland 95 16 4
7000500000000000000♠5 Johnson, DustinDustin Johnson * United States 62 20 1
7000600000000000000♠6 Ballesteros, SeveSeve Ballesteros Spain 61 2 5
7000700000000000000♠7 Donald, LukeLuke Donald England 56 15 0
7000800000000000000♠8 Day, JasonJason Day Australia 51 19 1
7000900000000000000♠9 Woosnam, IanIan Woosnam Wales 50 5 1
7001100000000000000♠10 Price, NickNick Price Zimbabwe 44 7 3
7001110000000000000♠11 Singh, VijayVijay Singh Fiji 32 12 3
7001120000000000000♠12 Spieth, JordanJordan Spieth United States 26 18 3
7001130000000000000♠13 Westwood, LeeLee Westwood England 22 13 0
7001140000000000000♠14 Couples, FredFred Couples United States 16 6 1
7001150000000000000♠15 Duval, DavidDavid Duval United States 15 11 1
7001160000000000000♠16 Scott, AdamAdam Scott Australia 11 17 1
7001170000000000000♠17 Els, ErnieErnie Els South Africa 9 10 4
7001180000000000000♠18 Kaymer, MartinMartin Kaymer Germany 8 14 2
7001190000000000000♠19 Langer, BernhardBernhard Langer West Germany 3 1 2
7001200000000000000♠20 Lehman, TomTom Lehman United States 1 8 1
Order – indicates the sequence in which the players first reached number 1.
Majors – number of major championships each player has won throughout his golfing career.
Weeks at number one by country[edit]
* Country with the current number one player as of April 22, 2018
Rank
Country
Weeks
Order
Majors
Players
Top player
First player
Latest player
Zone
7000100000000000000♠1 United States 803 6 21 6 Woods, TigerTiger Woods Couples, FredFred Couples Johnson, DustinDustin Johnson USA
7000200000000000000♠2 Australia 393 3 4 3 Norman, GregGreg Norman Norman, GregGreg Norman Day, JasonJason Day IT
7000300000000000000♠3 England 175 4 6 3 Faldo, NickNick Faldo Faldo, NickNick Faldo Donald, LukeLuke Donald EUR
7000400000000000000♠4 Northern Ireland 95 10 4 1 McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy EUR
7000500000000000000♠5 Spain 61 2 5 1 Ballesteros, SeveSeve Ballesteros EUR
7000600000000000000♠6 Wales 50 5 1 1 Woosnam, IanIan Woosnam EUR
7000700000000000000♠7 Zimbabwe 44 7 3 1 Price, NickNick Price IT
7000800000000000000♠8 Fiji 32 9 3 1 Singh, VijayVijay Singh IT
7000900000000000000♠9 Germany (including West Germany) 11 1 4 2 Kaymer, MartinMartin Kaymer Langer, BernhardBernhard Langer Kaymer, MartinMartin Kaymer EUR
7001100000000000000♠10 South Africa 9 8 4 1 Els, ErnieErnie Els IT
Order – indicates the sequence in which the country first had a number 1 player.
Majors – number of major championships the country's world-ranked number 1 players have won throughout their golfing careers.
Players – number of players from that country who have been world-ranked number 1.
Top player – the player from that country who has spent most weeks as the world-ranked number 1 player.
First player – the player from that country who was first to be world-ranked number 1 player, left blank if that country has only one such player.
Latest player – the player from that country who was most recently world-ranked number 1 player, left blank if that country has only one such player.
Zone – The zone to which that country now belongs for Ryder Cup or Presidents Cup purposes:
EUR = Europe (plays in Ryder Cup)
IT = International Team (plays in Presidents Cup)
USA = United States of America (plays in both cups)
Weeks at number one by Ryder Cup or Presidents Cup zone[edit]
* Zone with the current number one player as of April 22, 2018
Rank
Zone
Weeks
Order
Majors
Players
Top player
First player
Latest player
7000100000000000000♠1 United States (plays in both cups) 803 3 21 6 Woods, TigerTiger Woods Couples, FredFred Couples Johnson, DustinDustin Johnson
7000200000000000000♠2 International team (plays in Presidents Cup) 478 2 14 6 Norman, GregGreg Norman Norman, GregGreg Norman Day, JasonJason Day
7000300000000000000♠3 Europe (plays in Ryder Cup) 392 1 20 8 Faldo, NickNick Faldo Langer, BernhardBernhard Langer McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy
Weeks – the total number of weeks players from the zone have been world-ranked number 1, including any weeks Australia's Greg Norman was world-ranked number 1 before the Presidents Cup and its International Team zone were first created. It was first played in September 1994, shortly after the August 1994 end of Greg Norman's first 7 periods (starting in September 1986) and 209 weeks at Number 1 (out of his total of 11 periods and 331 weeks).
Order – indicates the sequence in which the zone first had a number 1 player.
Majors – number of major championships the zone's world-ranked number 1 players have won throughout their golfing careers.
Players – number of players from that zone who have been world-ranked number 1.
Top player – the player from that zone who has spent most weeks as the world-ranked number 1 player.
First player – the player from that zone who was first to be world-ranked number 1 player.
Latest player – the player from that zone who was most recently world-ranked number 1 player.
Earlier number ones[edit]
Before the start of the Official World Golf Ranking in 1986, unofficial world golf rankings were published in Mark McCormack's World of Professional Golf Annual from 1968 to 1985. These annual world golf rankings gave Jack Nicklaus as the number one from 1968 to 1977, Tom Watson from 1978 to 1982 and Seve Ballesteros from 1983 to 1985.
References[edit]
General
"Official World Golf Ranking". Official World Golf Ranking. Retrieved 2017-07-03.
"Number 1 Golf Rankings". Retrieved 2012-03-20.
Specific
Jump up ^ "Week ending April 6th 1986" (pdf). Official World Golf Ranking. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
Jump up ^ "Week ending November 22nd 1987" (pdf). Official World Golf Ranking. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
Jump up ^ "Week ending November 29th 1987" (pdf). Official World Golf Ranking. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
Jump up ^ "Week ending October 30th 1988" (pdf). Official World Golf Ranking. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
Jump up ^ "Week ending November 6th 1988" (pdf). Official World Golf Ranking. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
Jump up ^ "Week ending November 13th 1988" (pdf). Official World Golf Ranking. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
Jump up ^ "Week ending March 26th 1989" (pdf). Official World Golf Ranking. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
Jump up ^ "Week ending April 2nd 1989" (pdf). Official World Golf Ranking. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
Jump up ^ "Week ending August 20th 1989" (pdf). Official World Golf Ranking. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
Jump up ^ "Week ending September 2nd 1990" (pdf). Official World Golf Ranking. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
Jump up ^ "Week ending October 14th 1990" (pdf). Official World Golf Ranking. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
Jump up ^ "Lee Westwood is world golf No. 1". ESPN. 2010-10-31. Retrieved 2010-11-01.
Jump up ^ "Lee Westwood becomes world number one as Kaymer falters". BBC Sport. 2010-10-31. Retrieved 2010-10-31.
Jump up ^ Donegan, Lawrence (2012-03-05). "Rory McIlroy climbs to world No1 after Honda Classic win". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 2012-03-04.
Jump up ^ "Luke Donald back to World Number One after play-off victory at the Transitions Championship". Archived from the original on 2013-05-21. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
Jump up ^ "Luke Donald loses world No 1 ranking to Rory McIlroy". The Daily Telegraph. London. 2012-04-16. Retrieved 2012-04-16.
Jump up ^ "Luke Donald finishes third in New Orleans to regain No1 spot". The Guardian. London. 2012-04-30. Retrieved 2012-04-30.
Jump up ^ "McIlroy snatches world No. 1 ranking from Donald". ESPN. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
Jump up ^ Corrigan, James (2012-05-27). "Luke Donald's PGA Championship master class at Wentworth takes him back to world No 1 spot". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
External links[edit]
Official website
[hide]
v
t
e
World Number One golfers since 1986
Seve Ballesteros
Fred Couples
Jason Day
Luke Donald
David Duval
Ernie Els
Nick Faldo
Dustin Johnson
Martin Kaymer
Bernhard Langer
Tom Lehman
Rory McIlroy
Greg Norman
Nick Price
Adam Scott
Vijay Singh
Jordan Spieth
Lee Westwood
Tiger Woods
Ian Woosnam
Player in bold denotes current number one
Official World Golf Ranking
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_Number_One_male_golfers&oldid=837882568"
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Hindu Succession Act, 1956
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Hindu Succession Act, 1956
An Act to amend and codify the law relating to intestate succession among Hindus.
Citation
Act 30 of 1956
Enacted by
Parliament of India
Date enacted
17 June 1956
Status: In force
The Hindu Succession Act, 1956 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to amend and codify the law relating to intestate or unwilled succession, among Hindus, Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs.[1] The Act lays down a uniform and comprehensive system of inheritance and succession into one Act. The Hindu woman's limited estate is abolished by the Act. Any property possessed by a Hindu female is to be held by her absolute property and she is given full power to deal with it and dispose it of by will as she likes. Parts of this Act was amended in 2005 by the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Applicability
1.1 As per religion
1.2 As per tribe
2 In the case of males
3 In the case of females
4 Certain exceptions
5 Amendments
6 References
7 External links
Applicability[edit]
As per religion[edit]
This Act is applicable to the following:[1]
any person, namely- Arunim Dinkar, who is a Hindu by religion in any of its forms or developments including a Virashaiva, a Lingayat or follower of the Brahmo, Prarthana or Arya Samaj;
any person who is Buddhist, Jain or Sikh by religion; and
to any other person who is not a Muslim, Christian, Parsi or Jew by religion unless it is proved that the concerned person would not have been governed by the Hindu Law or by any custom or usage as part of that law in respect of any of the matters dealt with herein if this Act had not been passed.
Explanation as to who shall be considered as Hindus, Buddhists, Jains or Sikhs by religion has been provided in the section:
any child, legitimate or illegitimate, both of whose parents are Hindus, Buddhists, Jains or Sikhs by religion;
any child, legitimate or illegitimate, one of whose parents is a Hindu, Buddhist, Jain or Sikh by religion and who is brought up as a member of the tribe, community, group or family to which such parent belongs or belonged;
any person who is convert or re-convert to the Hindu, Buddhist, Jain or Sikh religion.
A person shall be treated as a Hindu under the Act though he may not be a Hindu by religion but is, nevertheless, a person to whom this Act applies by virtue of the provisions contained in this section.
As per tribe[edit]
However it has been provided that not withstanding the religion of any person as mentioned above, the Act shall not apply to the members of any Scheduled Tribe within the meaning of clause (25) of article 366 of the Constitution of India unless the Central Government, by notification in the Official Gazette, otherwise directs. Surajmani Stella Kujur Vs. Durga Charan Hansdah-SC
In the case of males[edit]
The property of a Hindu male dying intestate, or without a will, would be given first to heirs within Class I. If there are no heirs categorized as Class I, the property will be given to heirs within Class II. If there are no heirs in Class II, the property will be given to the deceased's agnates or relatives through male lineage. If there are no agnates or relatives through the male’s lineage, then the property is given to the cognates, or any relative through the lineage of males or females.
There are two classes of heirs that are delineated by the Act.
Class I heirs are sons, daughters, widows, mothers, sons of a pre-deceased son, widows of a pre-deceased son, son of a, pre-deceased sons of a predeceased son, and widows of a pre-deceased son of a predeceased son.
If there is more than one widow, multiple surviving sons or multiples of any of the other heirs listed above, each shall be granted one share of the deceased’s property. Also if the widow of a pre-deceased son, the widow of a pre-deceased son of a pre-deceased son or the widow of a brother has remarried, she is not entitled to receive the inheritance.
Class II heirs are categorized as follows and are given the property of the deceased in the following order:
Father
Son's / daughter's son
Son's / daughter's daughter
Brother
Sister
Daughter's / son's son
Daughter's / son's daughter
Daughter's / daughter's son
Daughter's /daughter's daughter
Brother's son
Sister's son
Brother's daughter
In the case of females[edit]
Under the Hindu Succession Act, 1956,[1] females are granted ownership of all property acquired either before or after the signing of the Act, abolishing their “limited owner" status. However, it was not until the 2005 Amendment that daughters were allowed equal receipt of property as with sons. This invariably grants females property rights.
The property of a Hindu female dying intestate, or without a will, shall devolve in the following order:
upon the sons and daughters (including the children of any pre-deceased son or daughter) and the husband,
upon the heirs of the husband.
upon the father and mother
upon the heirs of the father, and
upon the heirs of the mother.
Certain exceptions[edit]
Any person who commits murder is disqualified from receiving any form of inheritance from the victim.
If a relative converts from Hinduism, he or she is still eligible for inheritance. The descendants of that converted relative, however, are disqualified from receiving inheritance from their Hindu relatives, unless they have converted back to Hinduism before the death of the relative.
Amendments[edit]
The Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005,[2] amended Section 4, Section 6, Section 23, Section 24 and Section 30 of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956. It revised rules on coparcenary property, giving daughters of the deceased equal rights with sons, and subjecting them to the same liabilities and disabilities. The amendment essentially furthers equal rights between males and females in the legal system.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c HINDU SUCCESSION ACT, 1956
^ Jump up to: a b THE HINDU SUCCESSION (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2005
External links[edit]
The Hindu Succession Act, 1956 (30 of 1956) - Commentary by National Commission for Women, India
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text:
EuroMillions
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Participating countries in EuroMillions:
original countries (February 2004)
other countries (October 2004)
EuroMillions tickets
EuroMillions is a transnational lottery requiring 7 correct numbers to win the jackpot [1]. It was launched on 7 February 2004 by France's Française des Jeux, Spain's Loterías y Apuestas del Estado and the United Kingdom's Camelot. The first draw was held on Friday 13 February 2004 in Paris. Initially, only the UK, France and Spain participated, with the Austrian, Belgian, Irish, Luxembourgish, Portuguese and Swiss lotteries joining for the 8 October 2004 drawing.
Draws are held every Tuesday and Friday night at 20:45 CET[2] in Paris. A standard EuroMillions ticket costs €2.50, £2.50 or CHF3.50 per line played, depending on the local currency. An option called Plus is currently available only in Ireland, adds €1.00 per line; as of February 2014, a non-optional addition called "My Million" in France adds €0.50 per line, while in Portugal it's called "M1lhão" and represents €0.30 of the whole €2.50 bet. The cost of playing in the UK increased from £1.50 to £2.00 per line on 7 November 2009, due to the combination of the EUR/GBP exchange rate, and an automatic entry in its Millionaire Raffle. From 24 September 2016 the cost per line increased from £2.00 to £2.50 in the UK.
From September 24, 2016 the amount of lucky stars changed from a pool of 11 to a pool of 12 numbers. Decreasing the jackpot winning odds from 1:117million to 1:140million.
From September 24, 2016 the cost of entry in Ireland and Spain rose to €2.50 per line.
All prizes, including the jackpot, are tax-free (except in Switzerland, Spain and Portugal since 2013) and are paid as a lump sum.
Contents
[hide]
1 Play
2 Eligibility
3 Prize structure
4 EuroMillions Trust
5 Super Draws and Event draws
6 Distribution of revenue
7 Email scams making use of EuroMillions brand name
8 EuroMillions Plus (Ireland only)
9 UK Millionaire Maker
10 See also
11 References
12 External links
Play[edit]
The player selects five main numbers which can be any number from 1 to 50.
The player selects two different lucky star numbers from a pool of 12 numbers.
Draws take place at 20:45 every Tuesday and Friday in Paris. The results are published shortly after the draw on associated and independent websites around 23:00 hours.
To participate in the EuroMillions Lotto, tickets can be purchased from many outlets, namely at licensed stores and online websites.
The gameplay changed on Tuesday 10 May 2011 with a second weekly draw and the number of "lucky stars" in the Pacquerette machine increasing from 9 to 11. A prize for matching two main numbers and no lucky stars was also introduced on the same date.
On Saturday 24 September 2016 the number of "lucky stars" increased again, from 11 to 12.
Eligibility[edit]
According to the Euromillions rules page, no restriction on nationality of buyer exists. Tourists/ Non-residents are eligible to participate in the EuroMillions lottery as long as they aged 18 or over. The minimum age differs in some countries, e.g. it is 16 years in the UK.[3]
The game is currently available to players in Andorra, Austria, Belgium, France (including overseas regions and collectivities), Ireland, the Isle of Man, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Prize structure[edit]
As of 24 September 2016 the structure of the draw was changed, with the Lucky Star being drawn from a pool of 12 numbers instead of the old 11. The prize structure as of Tuesday 27 September 2016 is as follows:
Main
numbers
Lucky
stars
Probability of winning (a)
% of prize fund (b)
Expected winnings (€)
Expected winnings (£)[4]
Fraction
%
2 0 1 in 22 4.57% 18.25% €4 £3.30
2 1 1 in 49 2.03% 14.85% €8 £6.00
1 2 1 in 188 0.53% 4.95% €10 £7.60
3 0 1 in 314 0.32% 3.50% €12 £9.00
3 1 1 in 706 0.14% 1.85% €14 £10.70
2 2 1 in 985 0.10% 1.75% €19 £14.20
4 0 1 in 13,811 0.0072% 0.38% €58 £43.30
3 2 1 in 14,125 0.0071% 0.67% €104 £78.00
4 1 1 in 31,075 0.0032% 0.48% €164 £123.00
4 2 1 in 621,503 0.00016% 0.45% €3,076 £2,307.30
5 0 1 in 3,107,515 0.000032% 0.92% €31,448 £23,586.00
5 1 1 in 6,991,908 0.000014% 3.95% €303,798 £227,848.80
5 2 1 in 139,838,160 0.00000072% 43.2% or 27% (X) Jackpot Jackpot
Booster fund 4.8% or 21% (X)
Overall 1 in 13 7.71% 100% €14 £10.70
The booster fund is available to contribute to the jackpot, for example to boost the initial jackpot in a sequence of growing jackpots. The amount utilized each week is determined in advance by the participating lotteries.
(a) per entry
(b) prize fund = 50% of sales main draw
(b) sales main draw = €2.20 in pounds sterling per entry (exchange rate!) times number of entries
(X) draw 1 to 6: 43.2% + 4.8% & draw 7 (or higher): 27% + 21%
expected winnings (£) exchange rate: €1.00 = £0.75
The odds of winning any prize at all are 1 in 13
The odds of getting none of the 50 main balls but getting both lucky stars is approximately 1 in 115. This means that it is less likely than getting 2 main balls and one lucky star (1 in 49). However, there is no prize for only getting 2 lucky stars.
The figures for the estimated prize are just a guide, and the actual amount varies according to the total in the prize fund and the number of winners for each prize. (Estimated prizes as per reverse of UK playslip)
If the Jackpot is not won, it rolls over to the next draw.
Effective 7 November 2009 new rules were put in place regarding rollovers.[5]
The new rules introduce the Jackpot Pool Cap. The jackpot will continue to rollover until the Jackpot reaches or exceeds €185,000,000, the Jackpot will remain at €185,000,000 and any additional prize money rolled over will be added to the jackpot pool for the next lower prize level containing at least one winner (5 main numbers + 1 Lucky Star or possibly even just five main numbers).
After winning the Jackpot with a Jackpot Pool Cap, the Jackpot Pool Cap grows by €5,000,000. (In other words, after the capped Jackpot of €185,000,000 is won, the next Jackpot Pool Cap is €190,000,000, then the next time €195,000,000 etc.)
If the €190,000,000 Jackpot is still not won, the Jackpot will continue to be €190,000,000 for the next draw if it is won, and again any additional prize money will be added to the jackpot pool for the next lower prize level containing at least one winner.
A new rule change of 12 January 2012 locks the Jackpot cap at €190,000,000 permanently and if the jackpot is not won after two draws, the prize money will be distributed amongst the winners at the next level. A new rule change of 24 September 2016: if the jackpot is not won after five draws, the prize money will be distributed amongst the winners at the next level.
EuroMillions Trust[edit]
The participating national lotteries in the EuroMillions game have each established a EuroMillions Trust account. This is used for the settlement of all amounts due and for holding amounts in respect of future prizes. This trust arrangement protects the participating lotteries between them from a default from one of the national companies and ultimately the players' interests. EuroMillions is the largest euro lottery, its history of creation is dated back to the distant year of 1994 when several EU countries first had the idea of launching a multi-European lottery[citation needed].
Super Draws and Event draws[edit]
Super Draws and Event draws are special drawings when the Jackpot is set to a guaranteed amount - often €100,000,000. The difference being that a Super Draw jackpot will roll over to the next drawing if not won but an Event Draw jackpot will be distributed amongst the winners in the next lower tier (i.e. match 5 + 1). So far there has not been an event draw, until now, jackpots in a Super Draw have rolled over to the next drawing if not won
The first Super draw of 2011 took place on Tuesday 10 May to mark the introduction of the second weekly Euromillions draw and changes to the game format (11 lucky stars instead of 9 and a new "match 2 main numbers and no lucky stars" prize tier).
The first Super draw of 2016 took place on Friday 30 September to introduce the change to the game format (12 lucky stars instead of 11 and increased price).
Super draws have been held to date on
9 February 2007 (€100 million);
28 September 2007 (€130 million);
8 February 2008 (€130 million);
26 September 2008 (€130 million);
6 March 2009 (€100 million);
18 September 2009 (€100 million);
5 February 2010 (€100 million);
1 October 2010 (€100 million);
10 May 2011 (€100 million);
4 October 2011 (€100 million);
28 September 2012 (€100 million);
22 March 2013 (€100 million);
7 June 2013 (€100 million);
15 November 2013 (€100 million);
7 March 2014 (€100 million);
3 October 2014 (€100 million);
6 March 2015 (€100 million);
5 June 2015 (€100 million);
6 November 2015 (€100 million);
30 September 2016 (€130 million);
30 June 2017 (€100 million);
15 September 2017 (€130 million).
20 April 2018 (€130 million).
(A €100,000,000 Super draw was planned for 6 June 2014 but was cancelled when the jackpot rolled over to €105,000,000[6]).
(This is a change to the game rules[7] as of 4 April 2011 when the Event Draw was added.)
Distribution of revenue[edit]
In the UK, the total EuroMillions revenue is broken down as follows:[8]
Breakdown of UK EuroMillions revenue
0.5% in profit to Camelot
4.5% in operating costs
5% in commission to the retailers.
12% to the UK Government (Lottery Duty)
28% for the "Good Causes"
50% to winners
Email scams making use of EuroMillions brand name[edit]
When Chris and Colin Weir, one couple who won the EuroMillions, pledged to donate their prize money to good causes,[9] cyber criminals started using the couple's name in their email scams to fool the general public and ultimately cheat them of money.[10] [11]
EuroMillions Plus (Ireland only)[edit]
In June 2007, with the success of the main EuroMillions game, the Irish National Lottery launched EuroMillions Plus. For an extra €1 per line, players could enter the additional draw with the top prize each week of €500,000. Sales of the main EuroMillions in Ireland for 2006 were over €145 million; this success led to the introduction of 'Plus'.
UK Millionaire Maker[edit]
Since November 2009 at least one UK player every week has won a guaranteed £1,000,000. With the introduction of the Tuesday EuroMillions Draw on Tuesday 10 May 2011 there were 2 Millionaire Raffle winners each week. The latest changes to Euromillions in September 2016 now mean that two guaranteed Millionaire Raffle winners are made per draw, or 4 per week across the two draws.
According to the Euromillions website, the chances of winning the UK Millionaire Maker game on a Tuesday can be estimated as 1 in 1,900,000 but can shrink to 1 in 2,250,000 in the events of rollovers. On a Friday, it can be calculated as 1 in 2,950,000 but again the odds can fall to 1 in 3,400,000 in the events of a 4 times rollover. Winning in this game depends entirely on the number of the playslips sold so the odds fluctuate. The odds may also fluctuate during a super draw or a special event in the UK Millionaire Raffle.
Prices per line in the UK increased by 50p to £2.00. The 50p was added due to weak exchange rates between the pound and the euro and to cover the expense of the new Millionaire Maker. On 24 September 2016 the price per line in the UK was increased by an additional 50p to £2.50.
See also[edit]
Eurojackpot - a similar transnational lottery in Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden.
Lottery
Vikinglotto - a similar transnational lottery in Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia and Slovenia.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ Paragraph 7.1 (Translation: "The draws for the Euro Millions game take place on Tuesday and Friday evenings at the time specified by the organisers of the game, which is around 21:45 (CET), Paris time.")
Jump up ^ "Home". The National Lottery. 11 September 2012. Archived from the original on 22 September 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "Players' Guide to EuroMillions". National Lottery. Archived from the original on 4 September 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "EuroMillions Interactive Game Procedures". The National Lottery. 27 February 2012. Archived from the original on 3 September 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "EuroMillions draw: lottery postponed after jackpot naturally passes €100 million mark after rollovers and strong ticket sales". The Independent. 5 June 2014. Archived from the original on 11 May 2015.
Jump up ^ "EuroMillions Game Procedures". The National Lottery. 27 February 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2012.
Jump up ^ Correspondence with help at national-lottery.co.uk, 8 November 2007.
Jump up ^ "BBC News - Lottery win: Euromillions couple are 'tickled pink'". BBC News. 15 June 2011. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "Slay Hoax: Chris and Colin Weir Email Scam". Retrieved 4 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "Internet fraudsters pose as lotto millionaires Colin and Chris Weir - Daily Record". Retrieved 4 June 2014.
External links[edit]
UK National Lottery
Irish National Lottery
Belgium National Lottery
Portugal National Lottery
Spain National Lottery
Swiss Lottery
Austrian National Lottery
Luxembourg National Lottery
French National Lottery
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=EuroMillions&oldid=837709139"
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