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Patriots' Day
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This article is about the American civic holiday. For the Quebec holiday, see National Patriots' Day. For the anniversary of September 11, 2001, see Patriot Day. For the 2016 motion picture about the Boston Marathon bombing, see Patriots Day (film).
Patriots' Day
Statue of the Lexington Minuteman on the Lexington Green in Lexington, Massachusetts
Observed by
Massachusetts,
Maine,
Wisconsin,
Connecticut (starting 2018)[1],
encouraged in Florida
Type
Historical
Celebrations
Boston Marathon
Observances
Battles of Lexington and Concord
Date
Third Monday in April
2016 date
April 18 (2016-04-18)
2017 date
April 17 (2017-04-17)
2018 date
April 16 (2018-04-16)
2019 date
April 15 (2019-04-15)
Frequency
annual
Patriots' Grave in the Old Burying Ground, Arlington, Massachusetts
Patriots' Day (officially Patriots' Day in Massachusetts and Wisconsin and Patriot's Day in Maine[2]) is an official state holiday commemorating the anniversary of the Battles of Lexington and Concord, the first battles of the American Revolutionary War.
Contents
[hide]
1 Description
2 History
3 Sporting events
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Description[edit]
The holiday was originally celebrated on April 19, the actual anniversary of the battles (fought in 1775). Since 1969, it has been observed on the third Monday in April in Massachusetts[3] and in Maine[4] (which until the Missouri Compromise of 1820 was part of Massachusetts). The Monday holiday creates a three-day long weekend. It is also the first day of a vacation week for public schools in both states and a school holiday for many local colleges and universities, both public and private.
The day is a public school observance day in Wisconsin.[5] Florida law also encourages people to celebrate it, though it is not treated as a public holiday.[6] Connecticut begins observance in 2018.[1]
Acton Minutemen and citizens marching from Acton to Concord on Patriots Day 2012
Observances and re-enactments of the battles occur annually at Lexington Green in Lexington, Massachusetts (around 6:00 am) and the Old North Bridge in Concord, Massachusetts (around 9:00 am). In the morning, mounted re-enactors with state police escorts retrace the Midnight Rides of Paul Revere and William Dawes, calling out warnings the whole way.
The biggest celebration of Patriots' Day is the Boston Marathon, which has been run every Patriots' Day since April 19, 1897 to mark the then-recently established holiday, with the race linking the Athenian and American struggles for liberty[7] (marathons being so named after the Greek Battle of Marathon).
History[edit]
In 1894 the Lexington Historical Society petitioned the Massachusetts State Legislature to proclaim April 19 as "Lexington Day." Concord countered with “Concord Day.” Governor Frederic T. Greenhalge opted for a compromise: Patriots' Day. Patriots' Day was first proclaimed in Massachusetts in 1894 by Gov. Greenhalge replacing Fast Day as a public holiday.[2] The idea was introduced to the Governor by the statesman from Lowell, Isaac Henry Paige. It was established on April 19, commemorating the date of the Battles of Lexington and Concord in 1775, and consolidating the longstanding municipal observances of Lexington Day and Concord Day. It also marked the first bloodshed of the American Civil War in the Baltimore riot of 1861, during which four members of the Massachusetts militia were slain and 36 injured. The dual commemoration, Greenhalge explained, celebrated "the anniversary of the birth of liberty and union." In 1938, with the generation that had fought in the Civil War largely off the voter rolls, the Massachusetts legislature passed a bill establishing the holiday "in commemoration of the opening events of the War of the Revolution."[7]
Maine followed Massachusetts in 1907 and replaced its Fast Day with Patriot's Day.[2] On June 10, 2017, Governor Dannel Malloy signed a bill establishing Patriots' Day as a statewide unpaid holiday in Connecticut.[1] This means that starting April 2018, Connecticut will be the 4th state to recognize the holiday.[8]
Sporting events[edit]
The Boston Marathon is run on Patriots' Day every year, since its inception in 1897, even during the World War years.[7] Therefore sometimes the holiday is referred to as "Marathon Monday".[9]
The Boston Red Sox have been scheduled to play at home in Fenway Park on Patriots' Day every year since 1959. The games were postponed due to weather in 1959, 1961, 1965, 1967, and 1984, and canceled in 1995[10] because of the late start to the season. From 1968 to 2006 the games have started early, in the morning, around 11:00 am. The early start to these games usually resulted in the game ending just as the marathon is heading through Kenmore Square. However, since 2007 the marathon has started between 9:30 am and 10:00 am, resulting in the racers going through Kenmore towards the middle of the Red Sox game.[11]
See also[edit]
Bunker Hill Day
Evacuation Day (Massachusetts)
Minor American Revolution holidays
Holidays of the United States
2013 Boston Marathon bombings
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Sampson, Rob (13 July 2017). "Patriots' Day Becomes Official Statewide Holiday!". State Representative Rob Sampson. Wolcott, Southington, Connecticut. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c McMillan, Susan (April 20, 2014). "Patriot's Day or Patriots' Day? Punctuation confusion continues". Kennebec Journal. Retrieved April 21, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Massachusetts Legal Holidays". Citizen Information Service. Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Retrieved April 11, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Holidays". Human Resources Policy and Practices Manual. Maine Bureau of Human Resources. Retrieved April 11, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Wisconsin Public School Observance Days". Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction. Archived from the original on February 4, 2012. Retrieved April 10, 2007.
Jump up ^ §683.14, Fla. Stat. (2013) http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0600-0699/0683/0683.html
^ Jump up to: a b c "The History of the Boston Marathon: A Perfect Way to Celebrate Patriot's Day". The Atlantic. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ Patrick, Mike (3 July 2017). "Patriots Day Coming to Connecticut". Waterbury Republican-American. Retrieved 4 July 2017.
Jump up ^ http://boston.cbslocal.com/2015/04/17/who-to-watch-on-marathon-monday/ Who To Watch On Marathon Monday
Jump up ^ "1995. Boston Red Sox Box Scores". Baseball-reference.com. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Patriots' Day game may start earlier". Boston Red Sox. June 19, 2012. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Patriots' Day.
Patriots' Day information, via noblenet.org
Information about Battle Reenactments, via battleroad.org
Massachusetts General Laws ch. 6, § 12
The Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations General School Operations, Special observance day
Maine Statutes Rev. 9-B, § 145
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Secrets (The Walking Dead)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Secrets"
The Walking Dead episode
Glenn comes to the rescue as Maggie is attacked by a walker.
Episode no.
Season 2
Episode 6
Directed by
David Boyd
Written by
Angela Kang
Original air date
November 20, 2011 (2011-11-20)
Guest appearance(s)
IronE Singleton as Theodore "T-Dog" Douglas
Lauren Cohan as Maggie Greene
Emily Kinney as Beth Greene
Scott Wilson as Hershel Greene
Jane McNeill as Patricia
James Allen McCune as Jimmy
Episode chronology
← Previous
"Chupacabra" Next →
"Pretty Much Dead Already"
The Walking Dead (season 2)
List of The Walking Dead episodes
"Secrets" is the sixth episode of the second season and 12th episode overall of the post-apocalyptic horror television series The Walking Dead. It originally aired on AMC in the United States on November 20, 2011. In this episode, Glenn (Steven Yeun) tells Dale Horvath (Jeffrey DeMunn) that Lori Grimes (Sarah Wayne Callies) is pregnant and there are numerous walkers in the Greene barn. Dale confronts Hershel Greene (Scott Wilson) about hoarding walkers in his barn. Meanwhile, Shane Walsh (Jon Bernthal) attempts to teach Andrea (Laurie Holden) how to use weapons and Lori agonizes over the decision to terminate her pregnancy or keep the baby.
The episode was written by Angela Kang and directed by David Boyd. "Secrets" touches on various themes, including abortion, romance, and confession. In preparation for filming, producers initially converted a vacant building in downtown Sharpsburg, Georgia into a temporary pharmacy in July 2011. Principal photography for the episode occurred a month later in August.
"Secrets" attained mostly positive reception from critics, who praised the character development and the storyline progression. The episode attracted criticism from political commentators, who denounced the show for its misleading perception of emergency contraception. Upon airing, "Secrets" garnered 6.08 million viewers and a 3.1 rating in the 18-49 demographic, according to Nielsen ratings. It became the second highest-rated cable program of the day, as well as the fourth most-viewed cable program of the week.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Production
3 Reception
3.1 Ratings
3.2 Critical response
3.2.1 Abortion controversy
4 References
5 External links
Plot[edit]
After he inadvertently discovers the presence of walkers in the Greene barn, Maggie (Lauren Cohan) begs Glenn (Steven Yeun) to keep it a secret. Dale (Jeffrey DeMunn) quickly notices Glenn's nervousness, and when he talks privately to Glenn, Glenn blurts out about the walkers as well as his knowledge that Lori Grimes (Sarah Wayne Callies) is pregnant. Dale confronts Hershel (Scott Wilson) about the walkers. Hershel believes they are still people, including his wife and stepson, and can be cured, and refuses to kill them after Dale explains the danger. Meanwhile, Rick (Andrew Lincoln) and Lori argue on what to do with Hershel's demand to leave the farm, now that Carl (Chandler Riggs) is healed.
Rick, Shane and T-Dog (IronE Singleton) give gun training to Jimmy, Carl (Chandler Riggs) and the women on the farm. Shane (Jon Bernthal) takes Andrea (Laurie Holden) aside to give her advanced training after seeing how good she is with a weapon, but she is unable to hit a moving target. Shane tries to encourage her to remember her dead sister, Amy, but this only causes Andrea to storm away.
Andrea and Shane then go off to town after Shane finds a lead on the missing Sophia, but find it overrun by walkers. They escape after Andrea rediscovers her shooting abilities, and the two subsequently begin an affair. Dale senses something amiss and warns Shane to stay away from Andrea, as well as his suspicion of what happened to Otis while he and Shane went searching for medical supplies, and his contempt for Rick. Shane denies the accusations and threatens to shoot Dale should he make any more.
Maggie and Glenn go on another supply run at Lori's request, specifically looking for morning after pills. Maggie and Glenn discuss the walker situation on the farm, with Maggie sharing the same attitude as her father Hershel. At the pharmacy, Maggie is attacked by a walker but Glenn intervenes and subdues it before it harms Maggie. Back on the farm, Maggie confronts Lori about being almost killed due to her request, and tells Glenn the rest of the group is using him as "walker bait". Glenn later tells Lori that she should tell Rick about her pregnancy soon. Lori contemplates the act of raising a child in this world, and decides to take the pills, but after a moment, runs away from their camp to immediately regurgitate them. Rick sees the pills and goes to find Lori, who admits she was in a relationship with Shane before Rick found them. Rick reveals he already knew about this.
Production[edit]
That's the risk that you take with this kind of stuff. But I think that avoiding that in order to avoid any kind of controversy is weak storytelling. There's always going to be a controversy of some kind no matter what you do. People have opinions, and that's what makes them great. You can't write a story trying to avoid anything like that because the most mundane thing can [turn into] overblown Internet hysteria. You've just got to do what you do.
“
”
– Robert Kirkman[1]
"Secrets" was directed by David Boyd and written by Angela Kang.[2] It features recurring appearances from Lauren Cohan, Scott Wilson, IronE Singleton, Emily Kinney, Jane McNeill, and James Allen McCune.[2] Principal photography for the episode commenced in downtown Sharpsburg, Georgia in August 2011. Preparation for filming began in July 2011, when producers renovated an empty building into a temporary drug store.[3] Herb Bridges, who owned the building at the time, was initially contacted by producers of the series' in January 2011, and again four months later in May. Bridges informed them that the space would be rented by a woman who would open a children's store there; however, she had not moved into the space yet.[3]
The topic of abortion is a prominent theme in "Secrets". After discovering that she is pregnant, Lori asks Glenn to retrieve with emergency contraception pills from the pharmacy. Upon returning, an infuriated Maggie hands Lori her pills. Dale gently confronts her about her pregnancy when he sees that she becomes nauseated at the smell of cooking meat, and Lori explains that Rick is the biological father of the child. Writer Robert Kirkman opined that such assertions were "wishful thinking".[1] "She was with those two men very close to each other. There was not a large span of time between her time with Shane and then Rick's return and her time with Rick. It's definitely up in the air and it’s not like there's a lot of paternity tests floating around out there."[1] Kirkman felt that he had to responsibly approach controversial issues from a neutral standpoint and insisted that abortion should warrant discussion, considering the circumstances. He stated: "As far as the abortion stuff goes, it’s really just a matter of being realistic. These are the kinds of issues that people deal with in real life and in this situation I think that that is the kind of thought process that Lori Grimes would be going through."[1]
In the concluding sequence of the episode, Lori admits to Rick that she had an affair with Shane in the belief that her husband was dead. Kirkman stated that the writers wanted to "wrap up to a certain extent", and opined that such revelations would add more tension between the characters.[1]
It was something we wanted to wrap up to a certain extent. It's a disservice to Rick's character to make him look like he's completely clueless. But this isn't really a resolution per se. It makes things a little bit more tense, moving into this next episode. Seeing Rick interact with Shane will have an extra level of tension because now the audience has one up on Shane as opposed to one up on Rick. It’s going to be fun waiting for the other shoe to drop, when Rick may or may not confront Shane with this information.[1]
In an interview with MTV News, Bernthal stated that Walsh was suffering from the "loneliness you feel when you're right there with them and you can't be with them in the way you want."[4] Bernthal applauded the writers for such changes, and felt that the storyline never devitalized. "The people that Shane loved more than anyone else in the world before the apocalypse are still very much alive and still very much with him, but he'll never be with them in the way he wants to and the way he once was. Every relationship—Shane/Carl, Shane/Lori and Shane/Rick—it's tainted and fractured. When you suffer from that kind of loneliness, it brings out the worst in you."[4]
Reception[edit]
Ratings[edit]
"Secrets" initially aired in the United States on November 20, 2011 on AMC. Upon airing, the episode acquired 6.08 million viewers and attained a 3.1 rating in the 18-49 demographic, according to Nielsen ratings. It was the second highest-rated cable program of the day, having been beaten by a stock car racing event as part of the 2011 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series.[5] "Secrets" became the fourth most-watched program of the week, as well as the highest-rated non-sports cable program of the week.[6] Total viewership and ratings slightly declined from the previous episode, "Chupacabra", which was viewed by 6.12 million viewers and garnered a 3.2 rating in the 18-49 demographic.[7] In the United Kingdom, the episode received 561,000 viewers and became the highest-rated television program on FX for the week dated November 27.[8]
Critical response[edit]
"Secrets" was well received by television critics. Gina McIntyre of the Los Angeles Times concluded that the episode "dispensed with almost every hidden truth the survivors have been keeping from one another."[9] Scott Meslow of The Atlantic described the episode as one focused on love and relationships.[10] IGN's Eric Goldman evaluated the episode as "satisfying", and added that its character development was executed strongly. Ultimately, he issued "Secrets" an eight out of ten, signifying a "great" rating.[11] Aaron Rutkoff of The Wall Street Journal echoed synonymous sentiments; "Viewers tuning in each week in the hope of watching pulse-quickening battles between overmatched humans and armies of the undead are sure to be frustrated. Things are static in an action sense, but the show’s admirably nuanced characters are changing and reacting to the world in surprising and complicated ways."[12] Writing for Cinema Blend, Nick Venable stated that the characters became more distinguishable.[13]
Not all reviewers were as enthusiastic about "Secrets" as the general consensus. Starlee Kine of New York stated that despite having high hopes in the beginning of "Secrets", the episode overall failed to meet her expectations.[14] The A.V. Club's Zach Halden opined that despite containing solid scenes, the episode harbored several issues. Halden cited the pace of the storyline progression and the execution of the character development as weaknesses.[15] Concluding his review, he gave the episode a B grade.[15] Although Andrew Conrad of The Baltimore Sun touted the character development, he pointed out that there was very little action.[16] The Portland Mercury's Steven Humphrey panned the episode, describing it as "boring".[17]
Critics commended the love triangle involving, Rick (Andrew Lincoln, left) Lori (Sarah Wayne Callies, center), and Shane (Jon Bernthal, right).
The opening segment of "Secrets" was widely lauded by critics. Halden thought that it was a great start to the episode,[15] and Kine felt that the show returned to form following the sequence. She wrote: "This week's opening functioned like an adrenaline shot to my weary heart. At the sight of all those undead relatives in the barn, I, too, briefly, came to life."[14]
Critics were polarized with the characters' reaction to Lori opting for an abortion. Halden criticized the character's opposing views on the matter, and stated that their reasonings were invalid. Halden wrote. "I'm not even sure it would be possible for her to abort the pregnancy at this point, but the show's working on the assumption that having a child in a world where death literally lurks around every corner is an unequivocal good. The only person who’s been anti-pregnancy is Lori, and the show hasn't managed to cast her in a very good light, so it’s not like her arguments hold much water—which is also ridiculous, because ultimately, her opinion is the only one that matters."[15] HitFix writer Alan Sepinwall reflected similar thoughts, and stated that Rick's arguments against Lori's attempts were obsolete.[18]
The love triangle involving Lori, Rick, and Shane was cited as an episode highlight. Meslow felt that the interactions between Lori and Rick possessed "as much rawness and honesty as could be hoped for."[10] Kine criticized the emotion during the interactions between Shane and Rick, and summated that it was a "standard Walking Dead attempt at trying to convince us that Grimes and Shane are friends by way of showing us their casual, good-old-boy-tinged banter."[14] Ritkoff expressed that the episode's conclusion was a rational and level-headed resolution to the storyline; "Whatever jealousy he might feel, it would have been absurd for Rick to punish the woman he loves most in the world for post-apocalyptic infidelity under these circumstances."[12] Sepinwall commended Rick's reaction to Lori's confessions,[18] and Goldman felt that their interaction was well acted and perfectly scripted.[11] Venable appraised the segment as "very engaging", and applauded Lincoln's performance. He wrote, "Andrew Lincoln delivered these lines of pitiable understanding as well as anyone could."[13] CNN's Henry Hanks opined: "If you thought Rick and Shane had blow-ups before, you ain't seen nothing yet."[19]
Critics applauded the growing relationship between Andrea and Shane, as well as Dale's confrontation with Shane. Despite describing them as an "unlikely pairing", Meslow asserted that it was superior to the storyline between Andrea and Dale. "There's something to be said for the occasional post-apocalyptic tryst, which allows two characters who've experienced almost nothing but misery to have, even for a moment, something that resembles joy," he articulated. Meslow retorted that it was wise to underplay the tryst between Shane and Andrea, which he predicted would not lead to anything serious.[10] Venable wrote: " Dale’s lack of personality traits, beyond being the wise sage who gets in everyone’s business, makes him an unpredictable foe in my book, and could be as interesting as Shane’s violent selfishness."[13] Morgan Jeffrey of Digital Spy avouched that Shane continued to be an interesting character; "Just as we were beginning to like him again, he murdered Otis in cold blood. And it seems like his downward spiral is set to continue—he's threatening poor Dale and embarking on an ill-advised affair with Andrea."[20]
The progressing relationship between Maggie Greene and Glenn was well received by critics. Nate Rawlings of Time asserted that their interactions carried the most emotional poignance. Rawlings opined: "She's forced to confront, perhaps for the first time, that these creatures are slobbering monsters. Before her attack, she yelled at Dale [sic] for calling them Walkers; to her they're mom, her brother, the neighbors. After her attack, her mind might be changed."[21]
Abortion controversy[edit]
There is considerable confusion about the difference between medication abortion and emergency contraception, and it was distressing to see this misunderstanding further spread by a show like The Walking Dead. Aren't they supposed to have fact checkers to catch this kind of thing? Emergency contraception prevents pregnancy and is especially useful in cases of unanticipated sexual activity, contraceptive failure, or sexual assault.
“
”
– Danielle Aronson, ACLU[22]
"Secrets" attracted criticism from political commentators for its "potentially misleading perception" of emergency contraception. Shawn Rhea of Planned Parenthood cited that the morning-after pills do not induce abortion, as the episode implies.[23] Erin Gloria Ryan of Jezebel wrote: "Lori would have been better off sending the men off to loot a shop that sells herbal remedies and brewing herself some pennyroyal tea or climbing a tree and jumping out in hopes that the impact would end the pregnancy. Both of those things are dangerous and might not work, but they're about as effective as OD'ing on levonorgestrel."[23] Ryan prescribed that actual abortion pills are administered by medical professionals and are not available at pharmacies.[23] Danielle Aronson of ACLU summated that the effectiveness of terminating a pregnancy with emergency contraception would be equivalent to "cutting a zombie's finger off to kill it."[22] Similarly, Slate's Amanda Marcotte opined: "The problem with this storyline, outside the tedious fear of getting letters from irate anti-choicers that dictates TV's near-absolute approach to unintended pregnancy, is simple: Morning-after pills are not abortion."[24] Marcotte asserted that abortion pills, commonly RU-486, were only provided by medical personnel. "Morning-after pills are contraception, and they work by stifling ovulation before any sperm can make their way toward the Fallopian tubes."[24]
This prompted showrunner Glen Mazzara to respond to such criticism. In his interview with The Daily Beast, he stated: "The producers and writers of The Walking Dead are fully aware that the morning-after pill would not induce an abortion or miscarriage, we exercised our artistic creative license to explore a storyline with one of our characters, not to make any pro-life or pro-choice political statement. We sincerely hope that people are not turning to the fictional world of The Walking Dead for accurate medical information."[25][26] The episode itself does not, in fact, claim the morning after pills will work, as Glenn questions Lori over that fact, to which she replies that she does not know.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Collis, Clark (November 21, 2011). "'The Walking Dead': Writer Robert Kirkman talks about tonight's episode and teases next week's 'shocking' finale". Entertainment Weekly. Time, Inc. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Episode 6: Secrets". AMC. Retrieved February 26, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Melville, Elizabeth (July 23, 2011). "'The Walking Dead' zombie series to film in Sharpsburg". Newnan Times-Herald. Sam Jones. Archived from the original on October 19, 2011. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Wigler, Josh (November 21, 2011). "'Walking Dead' Actor Shares His 'Secrets'". MTV (Viacom). Retrieved January 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (November 22, 2010). "Sunday Cable Ratings: 'The Walking Dead' Stays On Top + NASCAR Championship, 'Housewives ATL,' 'Hell On Wheels,' 'Boardwalk Empire,' 'Homeland,' 'Dexter' & More". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 28, 2011.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (November 22, 2010). "Cable Top 25: NFL Football, NASCAR Championship, 'The Walking Dead' Top Weekly Cable Viewing". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 28, 2011.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (November 15, 2011). "Sunday Cable Ratings: 'The Walking Dead' Stays On Top + 'Housewives Atl,' 'Hell On Wheels,' 'Boardwalk Empire,' 'Homeland,' 'Dexter' & More". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Weekly Top 10 Programmes" (Press release). Broadcasters' Audience Research Board. Archived from the original on January 13, 2013. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ McIntyre, Gina (November 21, 2011). "'The Walking Dead' recap: Secrets spill out like zombie entrails". Los Angeles Times. Tribune Company. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c Meslow, Scott (November 21, 2011). "On 'The Walking Dead,' Love in the Time of Zombies". The Atlantic. Jay Leuf. Retrieved November 28, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Goldman, Eric (November 20, 2011). "The Walking Dead: "Secrets" Review". IGN. Retrieved November 28, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Rutkoff, Aaron (November 20, 2011). "'The Walking Dead,' Season 2, Episode 6, 'Secrets': TV Recap". Wall Street Journal. Les Hinton. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c Venable, Nick (November 21, 2011). "The Walking Dead Watch: Episode 7 - Secrets". Cinema Blend. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c Kine, Starlee (November 21, 2011). "The Walking Dead Recap: Barnful of Zombies". New York. New York Media. Retrieved November 28, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Handlen, Zack (November 20, 2011). "Secrets". The A.V. Club. The Onion. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ Conrad, Andrew (November 20, 2011). "'The Walking Dead' recap: Episode 206, 'Secrets'". The Baltimore Sun. Tribune Company. Archived from the original on November 29, 2011. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ Humphrey, Steven (November 20, 2011). "The Walking Dead Chitty-Chat Club!". The Portland Mercury. Rob Crocker. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Sepinwall, Alan (November 20, 2011). "Review: 'The Walking Dead' - 'Secrets': Target practice". HitFix. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ Hanks, Henry (November 20, 2011). "The truth comes out on 'The Walking Dead'". CNN. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ Jeffrey, Morgan (November 20, 2011). "'The Walking Dead': 'Secrets' recap". Digital Spy. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ Rollings, Nate (November 20, 2011). "Walking Dead Recap: The Peacemaker". Time. Time Inc. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Aronson, Danielle (November 23, 2011). "Walking Dead Is Dead Wrong on Emergency Contraception. Stick to Zombies". American Civil Liberties Union. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c Ryan, Erin Gloria (November 21, 2011). "The Walking Dead Is Spreading Icky Morning-After Pill Myths". Jezebel. Gawker Media. Retrieved November 28, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Marcotte, Amanda (November 21, 2011). ""The Walking Dead" characters mistakenly think the morning after pill causes abortion. Do the writers?". Slate. The Washington Post Company. Retrieved November 28, 2011.
Jump up ^ Aurthur, Kate (November 23, 2011). "'The Walking Dead's' Abortion Misstep". The Daily Beast. The Newsweek Daily Beast Company. Retrieved November 28, 2011.
Jump up ^ Hibberd, James (November 23, 2011). "'Walking Dead' producer responds to abortion outcry". Entertainment Weekly. Time, Inc. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
External links[edit]
Horror fiction portal
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"Secrets" at TV.com
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"Made to Suffer"
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"First Time Again"
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Virginia is for Lovers
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The "Virginia is for Lovers" logo
Virginia's 2015 Welcome Sign.
"Virginia is for Lovers" is the tourism and travel slogan of the U.S. commonwealth of Virginia. Used since 1969,[1] it has become a well-recognized and often imitated part of American jargon. In 2012, Advertising Age called "Virginia is for Lovers" "one of the most iconic ad campaigns in the past 50 years."[2]
A team led by David N. Martin and George Woltz of Martin and Woltz Inc. of Richmond, Virginia created the slogan[2][3] after winning the Virginia State Travel account in 1968. Originally, they had come up with history ads, "Virginia is for History Lovers"; beach ads, "Virginia is for Beach Lovers"; and mountain ads, "Virginia is for Mountain Lovers." This approach was eventually discarded as too limiting, and the qualifiers were dropped. "Virginia is for Lovers" was born. Martin and Woltz Inc. eventually gained prominence and grew to become The Martin Agency. In 1969, the Virginia State Travel Service (now the Virginia Tourism Corporation) adopted the "Virginia is for Lovers" slogan and the first ad campaign using the tagline appeared in March 1969, in an issue of Modern Bride.[4]
Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young reunion tour at Foreman Field, Old Dominion University, Norfolk VA, (August 17, 1974)
In 2009, "Virginia is for Lovers" was inducted into the Madison Avenue Advertising Walk of Fame, a creation of Advertising Week, the largest collection of advertising, marketing and media professionals in North America. These inductees were also included in the Advertising Icon Museum. Also in 2009, "Virginia is for Lovers" was acknowledged as one of the top ten tourism marketing campaigns of all time by Forbes.com.[4] In 2016, the Virginia Tourism Corporation began selling apparel with a rainbow-colored heart in the logo as part of a LGBT tourism promotion campaign.[5] The slogan began appearing on the state's license plates in 2014 and the state's welcome signs in 2015.
The slogan has been mentioned by a variety of artists over the years. American Idol winner, Jordin Sparks, recorded a song called "Virginia is for Lovers" in 2007, which was featured as a bonus track on her eponymous debut album. The slogan is mentioned in The Hold Steady song, "Killer Parties," and Will Adler, ESP Guitars artist, has the slogan printed on the neck of his custom guitars.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Virginia is for Lovers - Virginia Is For Lovers". Virginia.org. Retrieved 2015-11-18.
^ Jump up to: a b Parekh, Rupal (2012-10-02). "Martin Agency Founder Dave Martin Passes Away at 82, Created 'Virginia Is for Lovers'". Advertising Age. Retrieved 2012-10-16.
Jump up ^ LLovio, Louis (2012-10-03). "David N. Martin, the Godfather of Richmond advertising, dies at 82". Richmond Times-Dispatch. Retrieved 2012-10-16.
^ Jump up to: a b "Virginia is for Lovers". www.virginia.org. Retrieved 2016-06-29.
Jump up ^ "Virginia rolls out push for LGBT tourism dollars". Daily Press. 23 September 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
External links[edit]
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text:
Call Me by Your Name (novel)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Call Me by Your Name
first edition cover
Author
André Aciman
Country
United States
Language
English
Publisher
Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Publication date
2007
Media type
Print (Hardcover and Paperback)
Pages
256 pp
ISBN
0-374-29921-8
OCLC
66463617
Dewey Decimal
813/.6
LC Class
PS3601.C525 C35 2007
The setting in the novel is Bordighera, Liguria
Call Me by Your Name is a 2007 novel by American writer André Aciman that centers on a blossoming romantic relationship between an intellectually precocious and curious 17-year-old American-Italian Jewish boy named Elio Perlman and a visiting 24-year-old American Jewish scholar named Oliver in 1980s Italy. The novel chronicles their summer romance and the 20 years that follow.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot summary
2 Reception
2.1 Reviews
2.2 Publication
2.3 Awards
3 Film adaptation
4 See also
5 References
Plot summary[edit]
The narrator, Elio Perlman, recalls the events of the summer of 1987, when he was seventeen and living with his parents in Italy. Each summer, his parents would take in a doctoral student as a house guest for six weeks, who would revise a book manuscript while assisting his father with academic paperwork. Elio resents the tradition, as it requires him to vacate his bedroom so the guest can use it for the duration of their stay.
Oliver, the guest for the summer, is carefree and detached—a stark contrast to Elio’s introversion. Elio selected Oliver as a guest in the hopes of "instant affinities" between them and acts as his tour guide, though Elio's attempts to impress Oliver are met with indifference. When Oliver grabs Elio's arm after a tennis match, Elio retracts in fear. Though Elio recognizes his own bisexuality and his attraction to Oliver—he is particularly excited by his discovery that Oliver is Jewish, seeing it as a bond between them—he doubts that Oliver reciprocates his feelings.
One day, Elio sneaks into Oliver’s room, and masturbates while wearing Oliver's swimming trunks. Later, Elio confesses his attraction to Oliver, and they kiss on a berm where Claude Monet had supposedly painted some of his pictures. When Elio touches Oliver’s penis through his clothes, Oliver pushes him away.
Oliver and Elio grow distant in the subsequent days. Elio begins an affair with Marzia, a local girl around his own age. Seeking reconciliation, Elio slips a note under Oliver’s bedroom door, with a plan to meet at midnight. At midnight, Elio enters Oliver’s room, where they have sex. Elio feels guilty about the encounter, and decides that he cannot continue his relationship with Oliver.
The next morning, Oliver wears Elio’s bathing suit to breakfast—mirroring Elio’s earlier fetishistic behavior—and later performs oral sex on Elio. Elio realizes that his attraction to Oliver persists, and that he wishes to continue their relationship. Elio visits Marzia’s house, and the two have sex; in the afternoon he masturbates with a cut peach, and ejaculates inside of it. Oliver later visits Elio’s room, eats the peach and its contents, and again has sex with Elio.
Before returning to the United States, Oliver decides to spend three days in Rome, where he is accompanied by Elio. Upon returning from the trip, Elio is saddened to find that his belongings have already been returned to his original bedroom, and that all traces of Oliver’s visit have vanished. Elio has a discussion with his father, who says that he approves of the friendship (and relationship) between Elio and Oliver.
That Christmas, Oliver again visits the Perlman family, and announces that he intends to marry next summer. Oliver and Elio fall out of touch, and do not communicate with each other for many years.
Fifteen years later, Elio visits Oliver in the United States, where Oliver is now a professor. Elio is unwilling to meet Oliver’s wife and children, admitting that he still feels attraction towards Oliver and jealousy towards his new family. Oliver admits that he has followed Elio’s academic career, and shows him a postcard that he brought with him when he left Italy and has kept over the years. During a final meeting at a bar, Elio and Oliver muse that people can lead two parallel lives—one in reality, and one a fantasy that is denied to them by external forces.
Twenty years after their first meeting and one year before the narrator’s present, Oliver visits Elio’s family home in Italy. They recall their time together; Elio informs Oliver that his father has died, and that he has spread his ashes all over the world. The novel concludes with Elio, as the narrator, remarking to the reader that if Oliver remembered everything as he says he did, he should once more "look me in the face, hold my gaze, and call me by your name."
Reception[edit]
Reviews[edit]
Reviewing Call Me by Your Name for The New York Times, Stacey D'Erasmo called the novel "an exceptionally beautiful book".[1] Writing in The New Yorker, Cynthia Zarin said, "Aciman’s first novel shows him to be an acute grammarian of desire".[2] In The Washington Post, Charles Kaiser said, "If you have ever been the willing victim of obsessive love—a force greater than yourself that pulls you inextricably toward the object of your desire—you will recognize every nuance of André Aciman's superb new novel, 'Call Me by Your Name.'"[3]
Publication[edit]
According to Nielsen BookScan, As of 19 February 2018[update], the book has sold 33,376 copies for £252,675 in the United Kingdom. In early November 2017, the book went from 618 copies sold to 1,164, an 88% jump in volume week on week. It reached 2,012 copies sold for the week ending February 3.[4]
Awards[edit]
At the 20th Lambda Literary Awards, the novel won the award for Gay Fiction.[5]
Film adaptation[edit]
Main article: Call Me by Your Name (film)
A film adaptation directed by Luca Guadagnino and starring Timothée Chalamet as Elio, Armie Hammer as Oliver, and Michael Stuhlbarg was released on November 24, 2017 in the United States, to critical acclaim.[6] At the 90th Academy Awards, it was nominated for Best Picture, Best Actor (Chalamet), Best Original Song ("Mystery of Love"), and Best Adapted Screenplay, winning the latter.[7][8]
The audiobook was read in 2017 by Armie Hammer and published by Macmillan Publishers.[9]
See also[edit]
2000s portal
LGBT portal
Novels portal
List of fiction works made into feature films (0–9 and A–C)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ D’Erasmo, Stacey (25 February 2007). "Call Me by Your Name - By André Aciman - Books - Review". The New York Times. Retrieved 15 August 2016.
Jump up ^ Zarin, Cynthia (February 19, 2007). "Briefly Noted". The New Yorker. Retrieved 15 August 2016.
Jump up ^ Kaiser, Charles (22 March 2007). "Love That Knows No Boundaries". The Washington Post. Retrieved 15 August 2016.
Jump up ^ Wood, Heloise (February 19, 2018). "BAFTA gong for Call Me By Your Name". The Bookseller. Archived from the original on July 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ "20th Annual Lambda Literary Awards Winners and Finalists". Retrieved 5 June 2016.
Jump up ^ "Michael Stuhlbarg, Armie Hammer & More Leading Luca Guadagnino's 'Call Me By Your Name'". The Film Stage. 23 May 2016. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
Jump up ^ Coggan, Devan (23 January 2018). "Oscar nominations 2018: See the full list". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on 23 January 2018. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
Jump up ^ Chow, Andrew R. (4 March 2018). "Oscars 2018: The Winners". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 5 March 2018. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
Jump up ^ http://ew.com/books/2017/09/06/armie-hammer-call-me-by-your-name-audiobook/
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 306966611
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Call_Me_by_Your_Name_(novel)&oldid=850554132"
Categories:
2007 American novels
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