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Central nervous system
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Central Nervous System
Schematic diagram showing the central nervous system in yellow, peripheral in orange
Details
Lymph
224
Identifiers
Latin
Systema nervosum centrale
pars centralis systematis nervosi[1]
Acronym(s)
CNS
MeSH
D002490
TA
A14.1.00.001
FMA
55675
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord. The central nervous system is so named because it integrates information it receives from, and coordinates and influences the activity of, all parts of the bodies of bilaterally symmetric animals—that is, all multicellular animals except sponges and radially symmetric animals such as jellyfish—and it contains the majority of the nervous system. Many consider the retina[2] and the optic nerve (cranial nerve II),[3][4] as well as the olfactory nerves (cranial nerve I) and olfactory epithelium[5] as parts of the CNS, synapsing directly on brain tissue without intermediate ganglia. As such, the olfactory epithelium is the only central nervous tissue in direct contact with the environment, which opens up for therapeutic treatments. [5] The CNS is contained within the dorsal body cavity, with the brain housed in the cranial cavity and the spinal cord in the spinal canal. In vertebrates, the brain is protected by the skull, while the spinal cord is protected by the vertebrae.[6] The brain and spinal cord are both enclosed in the meninges.[6] In central nervous systems, the interneuronal space is filled with a large amount of supporting non-nervous cells called neuroglial cells.
Contents
[hide]
1 Structure
1.1 White and gray matter
1.2 Spinal cord
1.2.1 Cranial nerves
1.3 Brain
1.3.1 Brainstem
1.3.2 Cerebellum
1.3.3 Diencephalon
1.3.4 Cerebrum
1.4 Difference from the peripheral nervous system
2 Development
2.1 Evolution
2.1.1 Planaria
2.1.2 Arthropoda
2.1.3 Chordata
2.1.3.1 Mammals
3 Clinical significance
3.1 Diseases
4 References
5 External links
Structure[edit]
Main article: Neuroanatomy
The central nervous system consists of the two major structures: the brain and spinal cord. The brain is encased in the skull, and protected by the cranium.[7] The spinal cord is continuous with the brain and lies caudally to the brain,[8] and is protected by the vertebrae.[7] The spinal cord reaches from the base of the skull, continues through[7] or starting below[9] the foramen magnum,[7] and terminates roughly level with the first or second lumbar vertebra,[8][9] occupying the upper sections of the vertebral canal.[4]
White and gray matter[edit]
Main articles: Gray matter and White matter
Dissection of a brain with labels showing the clear division between white and gray matter.
Microscopically, there are differences between the neurons and tissue of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.[citation needed] The central nervous system is divided in white and gray matter.[8] This can also be seen macroscopically on brain tissue. The white matter consists of axons and oligodendrocytes, while the gray matter consists of neurons and unmyelinated fibers. Both tissues include a number of glial cells (although the white matter contains more), which are often referred to as supporting cells of the central nervous system. Different forms of glial cells have different functions, some acting almost as scaffolding for neuroblasts to climb during neurogenesis such as bergmann glia, while others such as microglia are a specialized form of macrophage, involved in the immune system of the brain as well as the clearance of various metabolites from the brain tissue.[4] Astrocytes may be involved with both clearance of metabolites as well as transport of fuel and various beneficial substances to neurons from the capillaries of the brain. Upon CNS injury astrocytes will proliferate, causing gliosis, a form of neuronal scar tissue, lacking in functional neurons.[4]
The brain (cerebrum as well as midbrain and hindbrain) consists of a cortex, composed of neuron-bodies constituting gray matter, while internally there is more white matter that form tracts and commissures. Apart from cortical gray matter there is also subcortical gray matter making up a large number of different nuclei.[8]
Spinal cord[edit]
Main article: Spinal cord
Diagram of the columns and of the course of the fibers in the spinal cord. Sensory synapses occur in the dorsal spinal cord (above in this image), and motor nerves leave through the ventral (as well as lateral) horns of the spinal cord as seen below in the image.
Different ways in which the central nervous system can be activated without engaging the cortex, and making us aware of the actions. The above example shows the process in which the pupil dilates during dim light, activating neurons in the spinal cord. The second example shows the constriction of the pupil as a result of the activation of the Eddinger-Westphal nucleus (a cerebral ganglion).
From and to the spinal cord are projections of the peripheral nervous system in the form of spinal nerves (sometimes segmental nerves[7]). The nerves connect the spinal cord to skin, joints, muscles etc. and allow for the transmission of efferent motor as well as afferent sensory signals and stimuli.[8] This allows for voluntary and involuntary motions of muscles, as well as the perception of senses. All in all 31 spinal nerves project from the brain stem,[8] some forming plexa as they branch out, such as the brachial plexa, sacral plexa etc.[7] Each spinal nerve will carry both sensory and motor signals, but the nerves synapse at different regions of the spinal cord, either from the periphery to sensory relay neurons that relay the information to the CNS or from the CNS to motor neurons, which relay the information out.[8]
The spinal cord relays information up to the brain through spinal tracts through the "final common pathway"[8] to the thalamus and ultimately to the cortex.
Schematic image showing the locations of a few tracts of the spinal cord.
Reflexes may also occur without engaging more than one neuron of the central nervous system as in the below example of a short reflex.
Cranial nerves[edit]
Apart from the spinal cord, there are also peripheral nerves of the PNS that synapse through intermediaries or ganglia directly on the CNS. These 12 nerves exist in the head and neck region and are called cranial nerves. Cranial nerves bring information to the CNS to and from the face, as well as to certain muscles (such as the trapezius muscle, which is innervated by accessory nerves[7] as well as certain cervical spinal nerves).[7]
Two pairs of cranial nerves; the olfactory nerves and the optic nerves[2] are often considered structures of the central nervous system. This is because they do not synapse first on peripheral ganglia, but directly on central nervous neurons. The olfactory epithelium is significant in that it consists of central nervous tissue expressed in direct contact to the environment, allowing for administration of certain pharmaceuticals and drugs. [5]
A peripheral nerve myelinated by Schwann cells (left) and a CNS neuron myelinated by an oligodendrocyte (right)
Brain[edit]
Main article: Brain
Rostrally to the spinal cord lies the brain.[8] The brain makes up the largest portion of the central nervous system, and is often the main structure referred to when speaking of the nervous system. The brain is the major functional unit of the central nervous system. While the spinal cord has certain processing ability such as that of spinal locomotion and can process reflexes, the brain is the major processing unit of the nervous system.[citation needed]
Brainstem[edit]
Main article: Brainstem
The brainstem consists of the medulla, the pons and the midbrain. The medulla can be referred to as an extension of the spinal cord, and its organization and functional properties are similar to those of the spinal cord.[8] The tracts passing from the spinal cord to the brain pass through here.[8]
Regulatory functions of the medulla nuclei include control of the blood pressure and breathing. Other nuclei are involved in balance, taste, hearing and control of muscles of the face and neck.[8]
The next structure rostral to the medulla is the pons, which lies on the ventral anterior side of the brainstem. Nuclei in the pons include pontine nuclei which work with the cerebellum and transmit information between the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex.[8] In the dorsal posterior pons lie nuclei that have to do with breathing, sleep and taste.[8]
The midbrain (or mesencephalon) is situated above and rostral to the pons, and includes nuclei linking distinct parts of the motor system, among others the cerebellum, the basal ganglia and both cerebral hemispheres. Additionally parts of the visual and auditory systems are located in the mid brain, including control of automatic eye movements.[8]
The brainstem at large provides entry and exit to the brain for a number of pathways for motor and autonomic control of the face and neck through cranial nerves,[8] and autonomic control of the organs is mediated by the tenth cranial (vagus) nerve.[4] A large portion of the brainstem is involved in such autonomic control of the body. Such functions may engage the heart, blood vessels, pupillae, among others.[8]
The brainstem also hold the reticular formation, a group of nuclei involved in both arousal and alertness.[8]
Cerebellum[edit]
Main article: Cerebellum
The cerebellum lies behind the pons. The cerebellum is composed of several dividing fissures and lobes. Its function includes the control of posture, and the coordination of movements of parts of the body, including the eyes and head as well as the limbs. Further it is involved in motion that has been learned and perfected though practice, and will adapt to new learned movements.[8] Despite its previous classification as a motor structure, the cerebellum also displays connections to areas of the cerebral cortex involved in language as well as cognitive functions. These connections have been shown by the use of medical imaging techniques such as fMRI and PET.[8]
The body of the cerebellum holds more neurons than any other structure of the brain including that of the larger cerebrum (or cerebral hemispheres), but is also more extensively understood than other structures of the brain, and includes fewer types of different neurons.[8] It handles and processes sensory stimuli, motor information as well as balance information from the vestibular organ.[8]
Diencephalon[edit]
Main articles: Diencephalon, Thalamus, and Hypothalamus
The two structures of the diencephalon worth noting are the thalamus and the hypothalamus. The thalamus acts as a linkage between incoming pathways from the peripheral nervous system as well as the optical nerve (though it does not receive input from the olfactory nerve) to the cerebral hemispheres. Previously it was considered only a "relay station", but it is engaged in the sorting of information that will reach cerebral hemispheres (neocortex).[8]
Apart from its function of sorting information from the periphery, the thalamus also connects the cerebellum and basal ganglia with the cerebrum. In common with the aforementioned reticular system the thalamus is involved in wakefullness and consciousness, such as though the SCN.[8]
The hypothalamus engages in functions of a number of primitive emotions or feelings such as hunger, thirst and maternal bonding. This is regulated partly through control of secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland. Additionally the hypothalamus plays a role in motivation and many other behaviors of the individual.[8]
Cerebrum[edit]
Main articles: Cerebrum, Cerebral cortex, Basal ganglia, Amygdala, and Hippocampus
The cerebrum of cerebral hemispheres make up the largest visual portion of the human brain. Various structures combine to form the cerebral hemispheres, among others: the cortex, basal ganglia, amygdala and hippocampus. The hemispheres together control a large portion of the functions of the human brain such as emotion, memory, perception and motor functions. Apart from this the cerebral hemispheres stand for the cognitive capabilities of the brain.[8]
Connecting each of the hemispheres is the corpus callosum as well as several additional commissures.[8] One of the most important parts of the cerebral hemispheres is the cortex, made up of gray matter covering the surface of the brain. Functionally, the cerebral cortex is involved in planning and carrying out of everyday tasks.[8]
The hippocampus is involved in storage of memories, the amygdala plays a role in perception and communication of emotion, while the basal ganglia play a major role in the coordination of voluntary movement.[8]
Difference from the peripheral nervous system[edit]
A map over the different structures of the nervous systems in the body, showing the CNS, PNS, and ENS.
This differentiates the central nervous system from the peripheral nervous system, which consists of neurons, axons and Schwann cells. Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells have similar functions in the central and peripheral nervous system respectively. Both act to add myelin sheaths to the axons, which acts as a form of insulation allowing for better and faster proliferation of electrical signals along the nerves. Axons in the central nervous system are often very short (barely a few millimeters) and do not need the same degree of isolation as peripheral nerves do. Some peripheral nerves can be over 1m in length, such as the nerves to the big toe. To ensure signals move at sufficient speed, myelination is needed.
The way in which the Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes myelinate nerves differ. A Schwann cell usually myelinates a single axon, completely surrounding it. Sometimes they may myelinate many axons, especially when in areas of short axons.[7] Oligodendrocytes usually myelinate several axons. They do this by sending out thin projections of their cell membrane which envelop and enclose the axon.
Development[edit]
Top; CNS as seen in a median section of a 5 week old embryo.
Bottom; CNS seen in a median section of a 3 month old embryo.
Main article: Neural development
During early development of the vertebrate embryo, a longitudinal groove on the neural plate gradually deepens and the ridges on either side of the groove (the neural folds) become elevated, and ultimately meet, transforming the groove into a closed tube called the neural tube.[10] The formation of the neural tube is called neurulation. At this stage, the walls of the neural tube contain proliferating neural stem cells in a region called the ventricular zone. The neural stem cells, principally radial glial cells, multiply and generate neurons through the process of neurogenesis, forming the rudiment of the central nervous system.[11]
The neural tube gives rise to both brain and spinal cord. The anterior (or 'rostral') portion of the neural tube initially differentiates into three brain vesicles (pockets): the prosencephalon at the front, the mesencephalon, and, between the mesencephalon and the spinal cord, the rhombencephalon. (By six weeks in the human embryo) the prosencephalon then divides further into the telencephalon and diencephalon; and the rhombencephalon divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. The spinal cord is derived from the posterior or 'caudal' portion of the neural tube.
As a vertebrate grows, these vesicles differentiate further still. The telencephalon differentiates into, among other things, the striatum, the hippocampus and the neocortex, and its cavity becomes the first and second ventricles. Diencephalon elaborations include the subthalamus, hypothalamus, thalamus and epithalamus, and its cavity forms the third ventricle. The tectum, pretectum, cerebral peduncle and other structures develop out of the mesencephalon, and its cavity grows into the mesencephalic duct (cerebral aqueduct). The metencephalon becomes, among other things, the pons and the cerebellum, the myelencephalon forms the medulla oblongata, and their cavities develop into the fourth ventricle.[8]
Diagram depicting the main subdivisions of the embryonic vertebrate brain, later forming forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain.
Development of the neural tube
Central
nervous
system Brain Prosencephalon Telencephalon
Rhinencephalon, Amygdala, Hippocampus, Neocortex, Basal ganglia, Lateral ventricles
Diencephalon
Epithalamus, Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Subthalamus, Pituitary gland, Pineal gland, Third ventricle
Brain stem Mesencephalon
Tectum, Cerebral peduncle, Pretectum, Mesencephalic duct
Rhombencephalon Metencephalon
Pons, Cerebellum
Myelencephalon Medulla oblongata
Spinal cord
Evolution[edit]
Top: the lancelet, regarded an archetypal vertebrate, lacking a true brain. Middle: an early vertebrate. Bottom: spindle diagram of the evolution of vertebrates.
See also: Encephalization and Archicortex
Planaria[edit]
Planarians, members of the phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms), have the simplest, clearly defined delineation of a nervous system into a central nervous system (CNS) and a peripheral nervous system (PNS).[12][13] Their primitive brains, consisting of two fused anterior ganglia, and longitudinal nerve cords form the CNS; the laterally projecting nerves form the PNS. A molecular study found that more than 95% of the 116 genes involved in the nervous system of planarians, which includes genes related to the CNS, also exist in humans.[14] Like planarians, vertebrates have a distinct CNS and PNS, though more complex than those of planarians.
Arthropoda[edit]
In arthropods, the ventral nerve cord, the subesophageal ganglia and the supraesophageal ganglia are usually seen as making up the CNS.
Chordata[edit]
The CNS of chordates differs from that of other animals in being placed dorsally in the body, above the gut and notochord/spine.[15] The basic pattern of the CNS is highly conserved throughout the different species of vertebrates and during evolution. The major trend that can be observed is towards a progressive telencephalisation: the telencephalon of reptiles is only an appendix to the large olfactory bulb, while in mammals it makes up most of the volume of the CNS. In the human brain, the telencephalon covers most of the diencephalon and the mesencephalon. Indeed, the allometric study of brain size among different species shows a striking continuity from rats to whales, and allows us to complete the knowledge about the evolution of the CNS obtained through cranial endocasts.
Mammals[edit]
Mammals – which appear in the fossil record after the first fishes, amphibians, and reptiles – are the only vertebrates to possess the evolutionarily recent, outermost part of the cerebral cortex known as the neocortex.[16] The neocortex of monotremes (the duck-billed platypus and several species of spiny anteaters) and of marsupials (such as kangaroos, koalas, opossums, wombats, and Tasmanian devils) lack the convolutions – gyri and sulci – found in the neocortex of most placental mammals (eutherians).[17] Within placental mammals, the size and complexity of the neocortex increased over time. The area of the neocortex of mice is only about 1/100 that of monkeys, and that of monkeys is only about 1/10 that of humans.[16] In addition, rats lack convolutions in their neocortex (possibly also because rats are small mammals), whereas cats have a moderate degree of convolutions, and humans have quite extensive convolutions.[16] Extreme convolution of the neocortex is found in dolphins, possibly related to their complex echolocation.
Clinical significance[edit]
Diseases[edit]
Main article: Central nervous system disease
There are many central nervous system diseases and conditions, including infections of the central nervous system such as encephalitis and poliomyelitis, early-onset neurological disorders including ADHD and autism, late-onset neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and essential tremor, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, genetic disorders such as Krabbe's disease and Huntington's disease, as well as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and adrenoleukodystrophy. Lastly, cancers of the central nervous system can cause severe illness and, when malignant, can have very high mortality rates. Symptoms depend on the size, growth rate, location and malignancy of tumors and can include alterations in motor control, hearing loss, headaches and changes in cognitive ability and autonomic functioning.
Specialty professional organizations recommend that neurological imaging of the brain be done only to answer a specific clinical question and not as routine screening.[18]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary, Farlex 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Purves, Dale (2000). Neuroscience, Second Edition. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 9780878937424.
Jump up ^ "Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): Optic Nerve". National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Estomih Mtui, M.J. Turlough FitzGerald, Gregory Gruener. Clinical neuroanatomy and neuroscience (6th ed.). Edinburgh: Saunders. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-7020-3738-2.
^ Jump up to: a b c Gizurarson S (2012). "Anatomical and histologica\ ]=\ factors affecting intranasal drug and vaccine delivery". Current Drug Delivery. 9 (6): 566–582. doi:10.2174/156720112803529828. PMC 3480721  . PMID 22788696.
^ Jump up to: a b Maton, Anthea; Jean Hopkins; Charles William McLaughlin; Susan Johnson; Maryanna Quon Warner; David LaHart; Jill D. Wright (1993). Human Biology and Health. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA: Prentice Hall. pp. 132–144. ISBN 0-13-981176-1.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Arthur F. Dalley, Keith L. Moore, Anne M.R. Agur (2010). Clinically oriented anatomy (6th ed., [International ed.]. ed.). Philadelphia [etc.]: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Wolters Kluwer. pp. 48–55,464,700,822,824,1075. ISBN 978-1-60547-652-0.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad Kandel ER, Schwartz JH (2012). Principles of neural science (5. ed.). Appleton & Lange: McGraw Hill. pp. 338–343. ISBN 978-0-07-139011-8.
^ Jump up to: a b Huijzen, R. Nieuwenhuys, J. Voogd, C. van (2007). The human central nervous system (4th ed.). Berlin: Springer. p. 3. ISBN 978-3-540-34686-9.
Jump up ^ Gilbert, Scott F.; College, Swarthmore; Helsinki, the University of (2014). Developmental biology (Tenth ed.). Sunderland, Mass.: Sinauer. ISBN 978-0878939787.
Jump up ^ Rakic, P (October 2009). "Evolution of the neocortex: a perspective from developmental biology". Nature Reviews. Neuroscience. 10 (10): 724–35. doi:10.1038/nrn2719. PMC 2913577  . PMID 19763105.
Jump up ^ Hickman, Jr., Cleveland P.; Larry S. Roberts; Susan L. Keen; Allan Larson; Helen L'Anson; David J. Eisenhour (2008). Integrated Princinples of Zoology: Fourteenth Edition. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. p. 733. ISBN 978-0-07-297004-3.
Jump up ^ Campbell, Neil A.; Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky; Robert B. Jackson (2008). Biology: Eighth Edition. San Francisco, CA, USA: Pearson / Benjamin Cummings. p. 1065. ISBN 978-0-8053-6844-4.
Jump up ^ Mineta K, Nakazawa M, Cebria F, Ikeo K, Agata K, Gojobori T (2003). "Origin and evolutionary process of the CNS elucidated by comparative genomics analysis of planarian ESTs". PNAS. 100 (13): 7666–7671. doi:10.1073/pnas.1332513100. PMC 164645  . PMID 12802012.
Jump up ^ Romer, A.S. (1949): The Vertebrate Body. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia. (2nd ed. 1955; 3rd ed. 1962; 4th ed. 1970)
^ Jump up to: a b c Bear, Mark F.; Barry W. Connors; Michael A. Paradiso (2007). Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain: Third Edition. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 196–199. ISBN 978-0-7817-6003-4.
Jump up ^ Kent, George C.; Robert K. Carr (2001). Comparative Anatomy of the Vertebrates: Ninth Edition. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. p. 409. ISBN 0-07-303869-5.
Jump up ^ American College of Radiology; American Society of Neuroradiology (2010). "ACR-ASNR practice guideline for the performance of computed tomography (CT) of the brain". Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Reston, VA, USA: American College of Radiology. Retrieved 9 September 2012
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Central nervous system.
Overview of the Central Nervous System, Neuroscience Online (electronic neuroscience textbook)
High-Resolution Cytoarchitectural Primate Brain Atlases
Explaining the human nervous system.
The Department of Neuroscience at Wikiversity
Central nervous system histology
[show]
v
t
e
Nervous system
Central nervous system
Meninges
Spinal cord
Brain
Rhombencephalon
Medulla
Pons
Cerebellum
Midbrain
Forebrain
Diencephalon
Retina
Optic nerve
Cerebrum
Limbic system
Peripheral nervous system
Somatic
Sensory nerve
Motor nerve
Cranial nerve
Spinal nerve
Autonomic
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Enteric
[show]
v
t
e
Nervous tissue
CNS
Tissue Types
Grey matter
White matter
Projection fibers
Association fiber
Commissural fiber
Lemniscus
Funiculus
Fasciculus
Nerve tract
Decussation
Commissure
Neuropil
Meninges
Cell Types
Neuronal
Pyramidal
Purkinje
Granule
Glial
insulating:
Myelination: Oligodendrocyte
other
Astrocyte
Radial glial cell
Ependymal cells
Tanycyte
Microglia
PNS
General
Dorsal
Root
Ganglion
Ramus
Ventral
Root
Ramus
Ramus communicans
Gray
White
Autonomic ganglion (Preganglionic nerve fibers
Postganglionic nerve fibers)
Connective tissues
Epineurium
Perineurium
Endoneurium
Nerve fascicle
Neuroglia
Myelination: Schwann cell
Neurilemma
Myelin incisure
Node of Ranvier
Internodal segment
Satellite glial cell
Neurons/
nerve fibers
Parts
Soma
Axon hillock
Axon
Telodendron
Axon terminals
Axoplasm
Axolemma
Neurofibril/neurofilament
Dendrite
Nissl body
Dendritic spine
Apical dendrite/Basal dendrite
Types
Bipolar
Unipolar
Pseudounipolar
Multipolar
Interneuron
Renshaw
Afferent nerve fiber/
Sensory neuron
GSA
GVA
SSA
SVA
fibers
Ia or Aα
Ib or Golgi or Aα
II or Aβ and Aγ
III or Aδ or fast pain
IV or C or slow pain
Efferent nerve fiber/
Motor neuron
GSE
GVE
SVE
Upper motor neuron
Lower motor neuron
α motorneuron
β motorneuron
γ motorneuron
Termination
Synapse
Electrical synapse/Gap junction
Chemical synapse
Synaptic vesicle
Active zone
Postsynaptic density
Autapse
Ribbon synapse
Neuromuscular junction
Sensory receptors
Meissner's corpuscle
Merkel nerve ending
Pacinian corpuscle
Ruffini ending
Muscle spindle
Free nerve ending
Nociceptor
Olfactory receptor neuron
Photoreceptor cell
Hair cell
Taste bud
Authority control
GND: 4067637-7
NDL: 00989651
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text:
When You Say Nothing at All
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"When You Say Nothing at All"
Single by Keith Whitley
from the album Don't Close Your Eyes
B-side
"Lucky Dog"
Released
August 1988
Format
7" vinyl
Recorded
1988
Genre
Country
Length
3:40
Label
RCA Nashville
Songwriter(s)
Paul Overstreet
Don Schlitz
Producer(s)
Garth Fundis, Keith Whitley
Keith Whitley singles chronology
"Don't Close Your Eyes"
(1988) "When You Say Nothing at All"
(1988) "I'm No Stranger to the Rain"
(1989)
"Don't Close Your Eyes"
(1988) "When You Say Nothing at All"
(1988) "I'm No Stranger to the Rain"
(1989)
"When You Say Nothing at All" is a country song written by Paul Overstreet and Don Schlitz. It is among the best-known hit songs for three different performers: Keith Whitley, who took it to the top of the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart on December 24, 1988; Alison Krauss, whose version was her first solo top-10 country hit in 1995; and Irish pop singer Ronan Keating, whose version was his first solo single and a chart-topper in the United Kingdom and Ireland in 1999.
Contents
[hide]
1 Origin
2 Keith Whitley
2.1 Chart performance
3 Alison Krauss version
3.1 Track listing
3.2 Chart performance
3.3 Year-end charts
4 Ronan Keating version
4.1 Track listing
4.2 Charts and certifications
4.2.1 Weekly charts
4.2.2 Year-end charts
4.2.3 Certifications
5 Other covers
6 References
7 External links
Origin[edit]
Overstreet and Schlitz came up with "When You Say Nothing at All" at the end of an otherwise unproductive day. Strumming a guitar, trying to write their next song, they were coming up empty. "As we tried to find another way to say nothing, we came up with the song," Overstreet later told author Ace Collins. They thought the song was OK, but nothing special.[1] When Keith Whitley heard it, he loved it, and was not going to let it get away.[1] Earlier, he had recorded another Overstreet-Schlitz composition that became a No. 1 hit for another artist - Randy Travis' "On the Other Hand." Whitley did not plan to let "When You Say Nothing at All" meet the same fate.[1][2]
Keith Whitley[edit]
RCA released "When You Say Nothing at All" as the follow-up single to the title song of Whitley's Don't Close Your Eyes album. The former song already had hit No. 1 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart, his first chart-topper after three prior singles made the top 10.[3] "When You Say Nothing at All" entered the Hot Country Singles chart on September 17, 1988, at No. 61, and gradually rose to the top, where it stayed for two weeks at the end of the year.[1][2] It was the second of five consecutive chart-topping singles for Whitley, who did not live to see the last two, as he died on May 9, 1989 of alcohol poisoning.[3] "Keith did a great job singin' that song," co-composer Schlitz told author Tom Roland. "He truly sang it from the heart."[2] In 2004, Whitley's original was ranked 12th among CMT's 100 Greatest Love Songs.[4] It was sung by Sara Evans on the show. As of February 2015, the song has sold 599,000 digital copies in the US after it became available for download.[5]
Chart performance[edit]
Chart (1988)
Peak
position
US Hot Country Songs (Billboard)[6] 1
Canadian RPM Country Tracks 1
Alison Krauss version[edit]
"When You Say Nothing at All"
Single by Alison Krauss & Union Station
from the album Keith Whitley: A Tribute Album & Now That I've Found You: A Collection
B-side
"Charlotte's in North Carolina" by Keith Whitley
Released
1995
Format
7" vinyl single
Genre
Country
Length
4:20
Label
BNA
Songwriter(s)
Paul Overstreet
Don Schlitz
Producer(s)
Randy Scruggs
Alison Krauss & Union Station singles chronology
"Somewhere in the Vicinity of the Heart"
(1995) "When You Say Nothing at All"
(1995) "Baby Now That I've Found You"
(1995)
"Somewhere in the Vicinity of the Heart"
(1995) "When You Say Nothing at All"
(1995) "Baby Now That I've Found You"
(1995)
In 1995, Alison Krauss covered the song with the group Union Station for a tribute album to Whitley titled Keith Whitley: A Tribute Album. The single release featured "Charlotte's in North Carolina," one of several previously-unreleased tracks sung by Whitley on the album, as the B-side. After Krauss's cover began to receive unsolicited airplay, BNA Records, the label that had released the album, issued Krauss' version to radio in January 1995.[7] That version, also featured on Krauss' compilation Now That I've Found You: A Collection, peaked at No. 3 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart, and a commercial single reached No. 2 on the same magazine's Hot Country Singles Sales chart.[3] The single's B-side was a previously unreleased Whitley song titled "Charlotte's in North Carolina", which also appeared on the tribute album.
Its success, as well as that of the album, caught Krauss by surprise. "It's a freak thing," she told a Los Angeles Times reporter in March 1995. "It's kinda ticklin' us all. We haven't had anything really chart before. At all. Isn't it funny though? We don't know what's goin' on....The office said, 'Hey, it's charting,' and we're like, 'Huh?'"[8]
While Krauss' version was on the charts, Mike Cromwell, then the production director at WMIL-FM in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, concocted a duet merging elements of Krauss' version with Whitley's original hit version. The "duet" garnered national attention, and it spread from at least Philadelphia to Albuquerque,[9] and has been heard on radio stations in California as well. This "duet" was however never officially serviced to radio and has never been available commercially.
Krauss' recording won the 1995 CMA award for "Single of the Year". The song has been featured a couple of times in the soap opera The Young and the Restless. Krauss' version was also used in the 1999 motion picture "The Other Sister". The song has sold 468,000 digital downloads as of May 2017.[10]
Track listing[edit]
"When You Say Nothing at All"
"Charlotte's In North Carolina"
Chart performance[edit]
Chart (1995)
Peak
position
Canada Country Tracks (RPM)[11] 7
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[12] 91
US Billboard Hot 100[13] 53
US Hot Country Songs (Billboard)[14] 3
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1995)
Position
Canada Country Tracks (RPM)[15] 99
Ronan Keating version[edit]
"When You Say Nothing at All"
Single by Ronan Keating
from the album Ronan, Notting Hill and By Request
Released
July 26, 1999
Format
CD single, cassette single
Recorded
1999;
Metropolis and the Aquarium
(London, United Kingdom)
Genre
Pop
adult contemporary
Length
4:18
Label
Polydor
Songwriter(s)
Paul Overstreet
Don Schlitz
Producer(s)
Stephen Lipson
Ronan Keating singles chronology
"When You Say Nothing at All"
(1999) "Life Is a Rollercoaster"
(2000)
"When You Say Nothing at All"
(1999) "Life Is a Rollercoaster"
(2000)
"When You Say Nothing at All" was released as the debut solo single by Irish singer-songwriter Ronan Keating. The song was recorded in 1999 for the soundtrack to the film Notting Hill and also appeared on Keating's debut solo album, Ronan. The song was released on July 26, 1999, in the United Kingdom. It peaked at number one in the UK, Ireland, and New Zealand. In the UK, the single was certified gold. In 2003, Keating re-recorded the song as a duet with Mexican singer Paulina Rubio, which was released in Mexico and Latin America (excluding Brazil) to promote Keating's second studio album, Destination. In Brazil, Ronan chose the Brazilian singer Deborah Blando to re-record the song for the 10 Years Of Hits album exclusive for that country (an exclusive music video was recorded for this version with Deborah).[citation needed]
Track listing[edit]
UK CD single #1
"When You Say Nothing at All" – 4:18
"When You Say Nothing at All" (acoustic version) – 3:30
"This Is Your Song" – 4:03
"When You Say Nothing at All" (music video) – 4:25
UK CD single #2
"When You Say Nothing At All" – 4:18
"At The End Of A Perfect Day" – 4:37
"I Will Miss You" – 3:05
UK Cassette single
"When You Say Nothing at All" – 4:18
"This Is Your Song" – 4:03
Charts and certifications[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1999)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[16] 3
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[17] 5
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[18] 3
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia)[19] 38
Denmark (IFPI)[20] 6
Finland (Suomen virallinen lista)[21] 5
France (SNEP)[22] 41
Germany (Official German Charts)[23] 6
Ireland (IRMA)[24] 1
Italy (FIMI)[25] 6
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[26] 5
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[27] 1
Norway (VG-lista)[28] 5
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[29] 2
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[30] 4
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[31] 1
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1999)
Position
Germany (Official German Charts)[32] 49
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[33] 5
Certifications[edit]
Country
Certifications
Australia Platinum[34]
Norway Gold[35]
United Kingdom Platinum[36]
Other covers[edit]
The Italian-Ukrainian-Brazilian singer Deborah Blando recorded "When You Say Nothing at All" in English and Portuguese for the Brazilian version of the song, which featured on the Brazilian version of Destination. The single reached the top 10 in the Latin charts.[citation needed] Burmese singer Zaw Paing also made a Burmese version cover.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d Collins, Ace (1996). The Stories Behind Country Music's All-Time Greatest 100 Songs. New York: Boulevard. p. 268. ISBN 1-57297-072-3.
^ Jump up to: a b c Roland, Tom (1991). The Billboard Book of Number One Country Hits. New York: Billboard. p. 539. ISBN 0-8230-7553-2.
^ Jump up to: a b c Whitburn, Joel (2005). Top Country Songs 1944-2005. Menomonee Falls, Wis.: Record Research. p. 416. ISBN 0-89820-165-9.
Jump up ^ CMT. "100 Greatest Love Songs". Retrieved 2007-05-22.
Jump up ^ Matt Bjorke (February 19, 2015). "Country Music's Top 30 Digital Singles: Week of February 19, 2015". Roughstock.
Jump up ^ "Keith Whitley Chart History (Hot Country Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
Jump up ^ Horak, Terri (1995-01-21). "Rounder Goes All Out for Grammy-Nominated Krauss". Billboard. Accessed via ProQuest.
Jump up ^ Cromelin, Richard (1995-03-25). "A Hit from Country's Kinfolk / Bluegrass's most prominent figure makes her way into country music's Top 10. Even Alison Krauss can't explain it". Los Angeles Times. p. F1. Accessed via ProQuest.
Jump up ^ Cave, Kathy (1995-05-05). "Whitley, Krauss blend grabs national attention". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. p. B8. Accessed via ProQuest.
Jump up ^ Bjorke, Matt (May 3, 2017). "Top 30 Digital Singles Sales Report: May 3, 2017". Roughstock.
Jump up ^ "Top RPM Country Tracks: Issue 9199." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. June 19, 1995. Retrieved July 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Alison Krauss: Artist Chart History". Official Charts Company. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Alison Krauss Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Alison Krauss Chart History (Hot Country Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
Jump up ^ "RPM Top 100 Country Tracks of 1995". RPM. December 18, 1995. Retrieved July 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Australian-charts.com – Ronan Keating – When You Say Nothing At All". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
Jump up ^ "Austriancharts.at – Ronan Keating – When You Say Nothing At All" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Ronan Keating – When You Say Nothing At All" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Ronan Keating – When You Say Nothing At All" (in French). Ultratop 50. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
Jump up ^ Billboard. Billboard September 25, 1999. Billboard. Retrieved 2010-11-28.
Jump up ^ "Ronan Keating: When You Say Nothing At All" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. Retrieved 2010-11-28.
Jump up ^ "Lescharts.com – Ronan Keating – When You Say Nothing At All" (in French). Les classement single. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
Jump up ^ "Musicline.de – KEATING,RONAN Single-Chartverfolgung" (in German). Media Control Charts. PhonoNet GmbH. Retrieved 2010-11-28.
Jump up ^ "The Irish Charts - All there is to know". Irish Recorded Music Association. Irishcharts.ie. Retrieved 28 November 2010.
Jump up ^ "Italiancharts.com – Ronan Keating – When You Say Nothing At All". Top Digital Download. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
Jump up ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Ronan Keating" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
Jump up ^ "Charts.org.nz – Ronan Keating – When You Say Nothing At All". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
Jump up ^ "Norwegiancharts.com – Ronan Keating – When You Say Nothing At All". VG-lista. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
Jump up ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Ronan Keating – When You Say Nothing At All". Singles Top 100. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
Jump up ^ "Swisscharts.com – Ronan Keating – When You Say Nothing At All". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
Jump up ^ "Top 100 Single-Jahrescharts" (in German). GfK Entertainment. Retrieved April 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ "End of Year Charts 1999". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved December 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 1999 Singles". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved 2010-11-28.
Jump up ^ "IFPI Norsk platebransje – Trofeer" (in Norwegian). IFPI Norway. 1999. Retrieved 2010-11-28.
Jump up ^ "British Phonographic Industry". British Phonographic Industry. 1999-07-30. Retrieved 2010-11-28.
External links[edit]
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
Preceded by
"A Tender Lie"
by Restless Heart Billboard Hot Country Singles
number-one single (Keith Whitley)
December 24, 1988 — December 31, 1988 Succeeded by
"Hold Me"
by K.T. Oslin
Preceded by
"Livin' la Vida Loca" by Ricky Martin UK Singles Chart number one single (Ronan Keating)
August 1, 1999 — August 14, 1999 Succeeded by
"If I Let You Go" by Westlife
[show]
v
t
e
Keith Whitley
Studio albums
A Hard Act to Follow
L.A. to Miami
Don't Close Your Eyes
I Wonder Do You Think of Me
Kentucky Bluebird
Wherever You Are Tonight
Compilation albums
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"Miami, My Amy"
"Ten Feet Away"
"Homecoming '63"
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"Don't Close Your Eyes"
"When You Say Nothing at All"
"I'm No Stranger to the Rain"
"I Wonder Do You Think of Me"
"It Ain't Nothin'"
"I'm Over You"
"'Til a Tear Becomes a Rose" (with Lorrie Morgan)
"Brotherly Love" (with Earl Thomas Conley)
"Somebody's Doin' Me Right"
Related articles
"Hopelessly Yours"
Keith Whitley: A Tribute Album
[show]
v
t
e
Alison Krauss & Union Station
Alison Krauss
Barry Bales
Ron Block
Jerry Douglas
Dan Tyminski
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Jeff White
Brent Truitt
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Adam Steffey
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Studio albums
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Forget About It
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Now That I've Found You: A Collection
Live
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Essential Alison Krauss
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Raising Sand
Singles
"When You Say Nothing at All"
"Baby Now That I've Found You"
"Baby Mine"
"The Lucky One"
"Missing You"
"Please Read the Letter"
"Rich Woman"
Featured singles
"Teach Your Children"
"Somewhere in the Vicinity of the Heart"
"It's Not Over"
"Buy Me a Rose"
"Whiskey Lullaby"
Related articles
Discography
Awards and nominations
Alison Brown
Robert Plant
Viktor Krauss
Up! Close and Personal
[show]
v
t
e
Ronan Keating
Discography
Studio albums
Ronan (2000)
Destination (2002)
Turn It On (2003)
Bring You Home (2006)
Fires (2012)
Time of My Life (2016)
Cover albums
Songs for My Mother (2009)
Winter Songs (2009)
Duet (2010)
When Ronan Met Burt (2011)
Compilation albums
10 Years of Hits (2004)
Singles
"When You Say Nothing at All"
"Life Is a Rollercoaster"
"The Way You Make Me Feel"
"In This Life"
"Lovin' Each Day"
"If Tomorrow Never Comes"
"I Love It When We Do"
"We've Got Tonight"
"The Long Goodbye"
"Lost for Words"
"She Believes (In Me)"
"Last Thing on My Mind"
"I Hope You Dance"
"Father and Son"
"Baby Can I Hold You"
"All Over Again"
"Iris"
"Time After Time"
"This Is Your Song"
"Stay"
"It's Only Christmas"
"Believe Again"
"What The World Needs Now"
"Fires"
"Wasted Light"
Related articles
Boyzone
[show]
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Concerns and Tours
Paulina Tour
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Amor, Luz y Sonido Tour
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Discography
Awards
Timbiriche
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Categories:
1988 singles
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List of Lego films and TV series
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For stop-motion films made using Lego bricks, see Brickfilm.
This is a list of films and TV series made by The Lego Group and/or based on Lego proper.[clarification needed]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Feature films
2.1 Theatrical films
2.2 Direct-to-video
3 Short films
3.1 TV specials
4 TV series
5 By theme series
6 References
History[edit]
Brickfilms, videos using Lego, have existed since the 1970s. Starting in 2003, Lego officially made their first film partnership to make films based on their toy property. They chose Bionicle as the property and they made a deal with Miramax to make a trilogy of Bionicle films. Over the years, after the trilogy ended, a new trilogy based on Bionicle was planned with Universal Pictures after the Miramax film contract ended and the first film in the new trilogy would be titled Bionicle: The Legend Reborn. But plans broke between Lego and Universal so they cancelled the fifth film in the series. But they continued on with a film titled Lego: The Adventures of Clutch Powers. The film received positive reviews from fans and critics and after the DVD release, a sequel was set to star Clutch as the hero again. A mini-sequel and a short film based on Clutch Powers were released and plans for a sequel are unknown.
In the summer of 2009, Lego made a deal with Warner Bros. to make a film based on their property. It would feature many themes and characters and it would be released as the first Lego film in the theaters. In 2011, Lego released Lego series on TV titled Lego Ninjago: Masters of Spinjitzu. Later, in 2012, the untitled Lego film was titled "Lego: The Piece of Resistance". Meanwhile, the Ninjago series received fame worldwide and was praised by many fans and critics for its storytelling and plot. The characters on the show had finally developed after the first season and a video game based on the show was released. The show would then be confirmed to exist in the same universe as "Lego Clutch Powers" as in one episode, Clutch Powers would be mentioned by Cole as one of the adventurers who discovered a mystical Snake tooth. He would then turn it into a trophy. This small easter egg would later be used by fans to speculate that the show and the movie take place in the same world.
Later in the year, Ninjago ended its second season still having positive feedback. A new show titled Legends of Chima would air in January 2013. The show was faster and more productive than Ninjago and it received mixed reviews. In the same year, the "Piece of Resistance" film would be renamed "The Lego Movie" by Warner Bros. and it was released in February 2014. The Lego Movie received wide acclaim from Lego fans and critics for its characters, plot, special effects and humor. Many actors from the Lego universe came to reprise their roles in the film. Due to the success of the film, a Ninjago film was announced to be released in 2017, and a "Lego Movie" sequel was announced to be released in 2018. In 2014, Mixels also debuted. In late 2015, Lego Nexo Knights was introduced, replacing Legends of Chima. On February 10, 2017, a spin-off film of The Lego Movie known as The Lego Batman Movie was released in theaters, only this time, the film's story centers around The Lego Movie character and DC Comics superhero, Batman, and his "adopted orphan son" and apprentice sidekick, Robin.
Feature films[edit]
Theatrical films[edit]
Year
Title
Production studio(s)
Notes
2014 The Lego Movie Warner Animation Group Released
2017 The Lego Batman Movie[1][2][3] Released
The Lego Ninjago Movie[2][1][3] Released
2019 The Lego Movie Sequel[1][3] In development
The Billion Brick Race[4]
Direct-to-video[edit]
Year
Title
Production studio(s)
Notes
2003 Bionicle: Mask of Light Creative Capers Entertainment
2004 Bionicle 2: Legends of Metru Nui Prequel to Bionicle: Mask of Light
2005 Bionicle 3: Web of Shadows Sequel to Bionicle: Legends of Metru Nui
2009 Bionicle: The Legend Reborn Threshold Animation Studios
2010 Lego: The Adventures of Clutch Powers
Hero Factory: Rise of the Rookies Hero Factory TV series episodes re-edited
2011 Hero Factory: Savage Planet
2013 Lego Batman: The Movie – DC Super Heroes Unite TT Animation Based on the video game Lego Batman 2: DC Super Heroes
2015 Lego DC Comics Super Heroes: Justice League vs. Bizarro League Warner Bros. Animation
Lego DC Comics Super Heroes: Justice League: Attack of the Legion of Doom
2016 Lego DC Comics Super Heroes: Justice League: Cosmic Clash[5]
Lego Scooby-Doo! Haunted Hollywood
Lego DC Comics Super Heroes: Justice League: Gotham City Breakout
2017 Lego Scooby-Doo! Blowout Beach Bash[6]
Lego DC Super Hero Girls: Brain Drain[7]
Short films[edit]
Year
Title
Production studio(s)
Notes
2001 Jack Stone Artworld UK Released on VHS
Monty Python & the Holy Grail in Lego Spite Your Face Productions Monty Python and the Holy Grail DVD release bonus feature
2005 Lego Star Wars: Revenge of the Brick Treehouse Animation Premiered on Cartoon Network
2008 Lego Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Brick M2Film
2009 Lego Star Wars: The Quest for R2-D2
2010 Lego Clutch Powers: Bad Hair Day Threshold Animation Studios Lego: The Adventures of Clutch Powers DVD release bonus feature
Lego Star Wars: Bombad Bounty M2Film Premiered on Cartoon Network
2011 Lego City: A Clutch Powers 4-D Adventure Threshold Animation Studios Shown in the Legoland theme parks
2016 The Master Warner Animation Group Shown in theaters with Storks
TV specials[edit]
Year
Title
Production studio(s)
Notes
2010 Lego Atlantis: The Movie Threshold Animation Studios Premiered on Cartoon Network
2011 Lego Star Wars: The Padawan Menace
2012 Lego Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Out Threshold Animation Studios
2013 Lego Marvel Super Heroes: Maximum Overload Arc Productions Originally aired as five-part miniseries
2014 "Brick Like Me" Gracie Films/Film Roman/20th Century Fox The Simpsons TV series 550th episode
Lego DC Comics: Batman Be-Leaguered Warner Bros. Animation Premiered on Cartoon Network[8]
2015 Lego Marvel Super Heroes: Avengers Reassembled! Arc Productions Premiered on Disney XD[9]
Lego Scooby-Doo: Knight Time Terror Warner Bros. Animation Premiered on Cartoon Network[10]
Lego Elves: Unite the Magic Ja Film
2016 Lego Jurassic World: The Indominus Escape[11] YouTube TV
2017 Lego DC Super Hero Girls: Galactic Wonder
LEGO Marvel Super Heroes – Guardians of the Galaxy: The Thanos Threat[12] Disney XD
TV series[edit]
Original running
Title
Production studio(s)
Notes
1987 Edward and Friends FilmFair Based on the Fabuland theme
2002 Galidor: Defenders of the Outer Dimension CinéGroupe
Tom Lynch Company Based on the Lego theme of the same name
2015 Lego Star Wars: Droid Tales[13] Wil Film
2013–2014 Lego Star Wars: The Yoda Chronicles
2010–2014 Lego Hero Factory Threshold Animation Studios
2013–2014 Legends of Chima M2Film/Prime Focus/Wil Film Was set to replace Ninjago, but the two coexisted
2014–2016 Mixels Cartoon Network Studios Complete co-production with Cartoon Network; first 2D animated series
2016 Lego Bionicle: The Journey to One Volta First BIONICLE series; first series to be on Netflix
Ongoing
2011– Lego Ninjago: Masters of Spinjitzu Wil Film
2012– Lego Friends of Heartlake City M2Film
2015– Lego Nexo Knights M2 Entertainment Replaced Legends of Chima
2015– Lego Elves[14] Ja Film
2016– Lego Friends: The Power of Friendship[15] –
2016– Lego Star Wars: The Freemaker Adventures Disney XD First full-length LEGO Star Wars television series
Upcoming
TBA Unikitty![16] Warner Bros. Animation Based on The Lego Movie. Second 2D animated series after Mixels
By theme series[edit]
Bionicle series:
Bionicle: Mask of Light (2003)
Bionicle 2: Legends of Metru Nui (2004)
Bionicle 3: Web of Shadows (2005)
Bionicle: The Legend Reborn (2009)
Clutch Powers series:
Lego: The Adventures of Clutch Powers (2010)
Lego Clutch Powers: Bad Hair Day (2010)
Lego City: A Clutch Powers 4-D Adventure (2011)
Lego Star Wars series:
Lego Star Wars: Revenge of the Brick (2005)
Lego Star Wars: The Quest for R2-D2 (2009)
Lego Star Wars: Bombad Bounty (2010)
Lego Star Wars: The Padawan Menace (2011)
Lego Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Out (2012)
Lego Star Wars: The Yoda Chronicles (2013)
Lego Star Wars: The New Yoda Chronicles (2014)
Lego Star Wars: Droid Tales (2015)
Lego Star Wars: The Resistance Rises (2016)
Lego Star Wars: The Freemaker Adventures (2016)
Lego Friends series:
Friends: New Girl in Town (2012)
Friends: Stephanie's Surprise Party (2013)
Friends: Dolphin Cruise (2013)
Friends: Country Girls (2014)
Friends: Emma's Dilemma (2014)
Friends: Friends of the Jungle (2014)
Friends: Andrea's Big Moment (2015)
The Lego Movie series:
The Lego Movie (2014)
The Lego Movie: 4D - A New Adventure (2016, shown at selected Legoland Parks)
The Lego Movie Sequel (2019, to be released)
Unikitty! (2017)
Lego Super Heroes series:
Lego Batman: The Movie – DC Super Heroes Unite (2013)
Lego Marvel Super Heroes: Maximum Overload (2013)
Lego DC Comics: Batman Be-Leaguered (2014)
Lego DC Comics Super Heroes: Justice League vs. Bizarro League (2015)
Lego DC Comics Super Heroes: Justice League: Attack of the Legion of Doom (2015)
Lego Marvel Super Heroes: Avengers Reassembled (2015)
Lego DC Comics Super Heroes: Justice League: Cosmic Clash (2016)
Lego DC Comics Super Heroes: Justice League: Gotham City Breakout (2016)
The Lego Batman Movie (2017) (kind of The Lego Movie series)
Lego DC Super Hero Girls: Galactic Wonder (2017)
Lego DC Super Hero Girls: Brain Drain (2017)
Lego Ninjago series:
Lego Ninjago: Masters of Spinjitzu (2011–present)
The Lego Ninjago Movie (2017, to be released) (kind of The Lego Movie series)
Hero Factory series:
Lego Hero Factory (2010–2014)
Hero Factory (Universal Studios are trying to get the rights)
Lego Scooby-Doo series:
Knight Time Terror (2015)
Haunted Hollywood (2016)
Blowout Beach Bash (2017)
Lego The Simpsons series
The Simpsons: "Brick Like Me" (2014)
Other series:
Monty Python & the Holy Grail in Lego (2001)
Lego Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Brick (2008)
Lego Atlantis: The Movie (2010)
Legends of Chima (2013-2014)
Mixels (2014-2016)
Lego Nexo Knights (2015–present)
Lego Jurassic World: The Indominus Escape (2016)
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "Warner Bros. DC Comics Movie Slate Fully Revealed!". ComingSoon.net. Archived from the original on October 17, 2014. Retrieved October 19, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Kit, Borys (October 10, 2014). "'Lego Batman' Spinoff Movie in the Works at Warner Bros. (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on October 15, 2014. Retrieved October 19, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Kit, Borys (April 20, 2015). "'The Lego Batman Movie' Gets Release Date". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved April 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ Siegel, Tatiana; Kit, Borys (March 28, 2015). "New 'Lego' Spinoff Movie in the Works From Jason Segel, 'Iron Man 3' Writer (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 28, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-10-11. Retrieved 2015-10-07.
Jump up ^ Gerding, Stephen (May 18, 2017). "EXCLUSIVE TRAILER: LEGO Scooby-Doo!: Blowout Beach Bash". CBR.com. Retrieved May 20, 2017.
Jump up ^ Ching, Albert (May 31, 2017). "EXCLUSIVE: LEGO Meets DC Super Hero Girls in Brain Drain Trailer". CBR.com. Retrieved July 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ "LEGO Batman learns to be a team player in 'Be-Leaguered'". USA Today. Retrieved October 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Ultron Crashes the Party in First 'LEGO Marvel Super Heroes: Avengers Reassembled!' Clip". Marvel. Retrieved November 13, 2015.
Jump up ^ Liu, Ed (November 21, 2015). "Cartoon Network Premieres for November 23: "Regular Show: The Movie," "LEGO Scooby-Doo," and More". ToonZone. Retrieved November 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ Orange, B. Alan (September 27, 2016). "LEGO Jurassic World Indominus Escape Trailer: An All-New Animated Short". MovieWeb. Retrieved November 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ Trumbore, Dave (14 July 2017). "Marvel Confirms ‘Spider-Man’ Cast, Release Date and ‘Guardians of the Galaxy’ Season 3". Collider. Retrieved 15 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Kit, Borys (February 27, 2015). "'Star Wars' Saga Gets Lego Retelling on Disney XD (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved June 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (October 7, 2016). "Netflix Orders Six New Kids Series Including ‘LEGO Elves’ & Avi Arad’s ‘Super Monsters’". deadline.com. Retrieved October 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ Spangler, Todd (October 1, 2015). "Netflix Orders 7 Original Kids’ Series, Including Lego’s ‘Bionicle’ and DreamWorks’ ‘Croods’". Variety. Retrieved October 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ Nordyke, Kimberly (May 10, 2017). "'Lego Movie's' Unikitty Gets Animated Series at Cartoon Network". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 10, 2017.
[hide]
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text:
List of songs in Victorious
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The following is a list of songs featured in the television series Victorious.
Episode
Title
Performed by
Single
Season
Soundtrack
"Pilot" "Make It Shine" Tori Vega Yes 1 Victorious
"The Birthweek Song" "You're the Reason" Tori Vega Yes 1 Victorious
"Jade Dumps Beck" "Chicago" Trina Vega No 1 N/A
"Tori the Zombie" "Finally Falling" Tori Vega and Beck Oliver Yes 1 Victorious
"Survival of the Hottest" "Make It Shine" "Victorious" Cast No 1 N/A
"Wi-Fi in the Sky" "You're the Reason" Trina Vega No 1 N/A
"The Great Ping Pong Scam" "Tell Me That You Love Me" Tori Vega and Andre Harris Yes 1 Victorious
"Freak the Freak Out" "Forever Baby" Robbie Shapiro and Rex Powers No 1 N/A
"Number One" (A.K.A. "My World") Hayley, Tara in a duet
Sikowitz in a solo No 1 N/A
"Give It Up" Cat Valentine and Jade West Yes 1 Victorious
"Hate Me, Love Me" Hayley and Tara No 1 N/A
"Freak the Freak Out" Tori Vega Yes 1 Victorious
"Rex Dies" "Forever Baby" Tori Vega, Robbie Shapiro and Rex Powers No 1 N/A
"The Diddly-Bops" "Broken Glass" Robbie Shapiro Yes 1 Victorious (bonus track)
"Favorite Food" "Victorious" Cast No 1 Victorious
"Nose Song" Andre Harris No 1 N/A
"You're the Reason" Trina Vega No 1 N/A
"Song2You" Tori Vega and Andre Harris Yes 1 Victorious
"Wok Star" "Fly Out of the Well" Daisy Lee No 1 N/A
"The Wood" "Forever Baby" Tori Vega and Jade West No 1 N/A
"Beggin' on Your Knees" "Beggin' on Your Knees" Tori Vega Yes 2 Victorious
"Ice Cream for Ke$ha" "Blow" Ke$ha Yes 2 Cannibal
"Tori Gets Stuck" "The Captain Is She" Tori Vega and Sikowitz No 2 N/A
"Prom Wrecker" "Best Friend's Brother" Tori Vega, Cat Valentine and Andre Harris Yes 2 Victorious
"Locked Up!" "All I Want Is Everything" Tori Vega, Cat Valentine, Jade West and Trina Vega Yes 2 Victorious
"I Want You Back" "Victorious" Cast Yes 2 Victorious
"Helen Back Again" "(You Haven't Seen the) Best of Me" Trina Vega No 2 N/A
"Cat's Broadway Song" Cat Valentine No 2 N/A
"Make It Shine (Remix)" Tori Vega and Andre Harris No 2 N/A
"Jade Gets Crushed" "365 Days" Tori Vega and Andre Harris Yes 2 Victorious 3.0 (bonus track)
"Okay" Jade West No 2 N/A
"Terror on Cupcake Street" "The Wheels on the Cupcake" "Victorious" Cast No 2 N/A
"A Christmas Tori" "It's Not Christmas Without You" Tori Vega, Cat Valentine and Jade West Yes 2 Merry Nickmas!
"The Breakfast Bunch" "Run, Run, Run Away" Unknown Artist No 3 N/A
"In This Together" Nikki Watkins No 3 N/A
"Don't You (Forget About Me)" Tori Vega Yes 3 Victorious 2.0
"The Gorilla Club" "I'm on Fire" Robbie Shapiro and Andre Harris No 3 N/A
"Andre's Horrible Girl" "Countdown" Tori Vega and Andre Harris Yes 3 Victorious 2.0
"Tori & Jade's Playdate" "Take a Hint" Tori Vega and Jade West Yes 3 Victorious 2.0
"April Fools Blank" "Shut Up n' Dance" "Victorious" Cast Yes 3 Victorious 2.0
"Driving Tori Crazy" "5 Fingaz to the Face" "Victorious" Cast Yes 3 Victorious 2.0
"How Trina Got In" "The Joke is on You" Trina Vega No 3 N/A
"Tori Goes Platinum" "Make It in America" Tori Vega Yes 3 Victorious 2.0
"Cheer Me Up (Only One's Dancing)" Tori Vega Yes 3 Victorious 3.0 (bonus track)
"The Blonde Squad" "I Think You 're Swell" Robbie Shapiro Yes 3 Victorious 2.0 (bonus track)
"Three Girls and a Moose" "L.A. Boyz" Tori Vega and Cat Valentine Yes 4 Victorious 3.0
"Tori Fixes Beck and Jade" "You Don't Know Me" Jade West Yes 4 Victorious 3.0
"One Thousand Berry Balls" "Here's 2 Us" Tori Vega and Andre Harris Yes 4 Victorious 3.0
"The Bad Roommate" "Faster Than Boyz" Tori Vega and Andre Harris Yes 4 Victorious 3.0
"Star-Spangled Tori" "Star-Spangled Banner" Tori Vega No 4 N/A
"Bad Boys" Tori Vega Yes 4 Victorious 3.0
References[edit]
hide
v
t
e
Victorious
Episodes
'"iParty with Victorious" (2011)
Discography
Victorious
Victorious 2.0
Victorious 3.0
Related articles
Characters
iCarly
Sam & Cat
"#TheKillerTunaJump"
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_songs_in_Victorious&oldid=822275932"
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