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2018–19 Premier League
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Premier League
Season
2018–19
Dates
10 August 2018 – 12 May 2019
Matches played
100
Goals scored
277 (2.77 per match)
Top goalscorer
Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang
Eden Hazard
(7 goals)
Biggest home win
Manchester City 6–1 Huddersfield Town
(19 August 2018)
Manchester City 5–0 Burnley
(20 October 2018)
Biggest away win
Cardiff City 0–5 Manchester City
(22 September 2018)
Highest scoring
Manchester City 6–1 Huddersfield Town
(19 August 2018)
Longest winning run
7 matches[1]
Arsenal
Longest unbeaten run
10 matches[1]
Chelsea
Liverpool
Manchester City
Longest winless run
10 matches[1]
Huddersfield Town
Newcastle United
Longest losing run
5 matches[1]
Cardiff City
Highest attendance
80,188
Tottenham Hotspur 1–2 Liverpool
(15 September 2018)[1]
Lowest attendance
10,199
Bournemouth 2–1 Crystal Palace
(1 October 2018)[1]
Total attendance
3,795,027[1]
Average attendance
37,950[1]
← 2017–18
2019–20 →
All statistics correct as of 29 October 2018.
The 2018–19 Premier League is the 27th season of the Premier League, the top English professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1992. The season started on 10 August 2018 and is scheduled to finish on 12 May 2019.[2][3] Fixtures for the 2018–19 season were announced on 14 June 2018.[4]
Manchester City are the defending champions. Wolverhampton Wanderers, Cardiff City and Fulham joined as the promoted clubs from the 2017–18 EFL Championship. They replaced West Bromwich Albion, Swansea City and Stoke City who were relegated to the 2018–19 EFL Championship.
The season was marred by the death of Leicester City owner Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha in a helicopter crash outside the King Power Stadium.
Contents
1 Teams
1.1 Stadiums and locations
1.2 Personnel and kits
1.3 Managerial changes
2 League table
3 Results
4 Season statistics
4.1 Scoring
4.1.1 Top scorers
4.1.2 Hat-tricks
4.1.3 Top assists
4.2 Clean sheets
4.3 Discipline
4.3.1 Player
4.3.2 Club
5 Awards
5.1 Monthly awards
6 References
7 External links
Teams[edit]
London
Bournemouth
Brighton &
Hove Albion
Burnley
Cardiff City
Everton
Huddersfield Town
Leicester City
Liverpool
Manchester City
Manchester United
Newcastle United
Southampton
Watford
Wolverhampton Wanderers
London teams:
Arsenal
Chelsea
Crystal Palace
Fulham
Tottenham Hotspur
West Ham United
Locations of the 2018–19 Premier League teams
Arsenal
Chelsea
Crystal Palace
Fulham
Tottenham
Hotspur
(Wembley)
Tottenham
Hotspur
(Tottenham)
West Ham United
Greater London Premier League football clubs
Twenty teams compete in the league – the top seventeen teams from the previous season, and three teams promoted from the EFL Championship. The new teams this season are Wolverhampton Wanderers (returning to the top flight after six years), Cardiff City and Fulham (both clubs returning after a four-year absence), who replace Stoke City, West Bromwich Albion and Swansea City, ending spells in the top flight of ten, eight and seven years respectively.
Stadiums and locations[edit]
Note: Table lists in alphabetical order.
Team
Location
Stadium
Capacity[5]
Arsenal London (Holloway) Emirates Stadium 7004602600000000000♠60,260
Bournemouth Bournemouth Vitality Stadium 7004113290000000000♠11,329
Brighton & Hove Albion Brighton Amex Stadium 7004306660000000000♠30,666
Burnley Burnley Turf Moor 7004219440000000000♠21,944
Cardiff City Cardiff Cardiff City Stadium 7004333160000000000♠33,316
Chelsea London (Fulham) Stamford Bridge 7004408530000000000♠40,853
Crystal Palace London (Selhurst) Selhurst Park 7004260740000000000♠26,074
Everton Liverpool (Walton) Goodison Park 7004392210000000000♠39,221
Fulham London (Fulham) Craven Cottage 7004257000000000000♠25,700
Huddersfield Town Huddersfield John Smith's Stadium 7004245000000000000♠24,500
Leicester City Leicester King Power Stadium 7004322730000000000♠32,273
Liverpool Liverpool (Anfield) Anfield 7004533940000000000♠53,394
Manchester City Manchester Etihad Stadium 7004550170000000000♠55,017
Manchester United Greater Manchester (Trafford) Old Trafford 7004748790000000000♠74,879
Newcastle United Newcastle upon Tyne St James' Park 7004523540000000000♠52,354
Southampton Southampton St Mary's Stadium 7004323840000000000♠32,384
Tottenham Hotspur London (Wembley) Wembley Stadium[a] 7004900000000000000♠90,000
London (Tottenham) Tottenham Hotspur Stadium 7004620620000000000♠62,062
Watford Watford Vicarage Road 7004204000000000000♠20,400
West Ham United London (Stratford) London Stadium 7004600000000000000♠60,000
Wolverhampton Wanderers Wolverhampton Molineux 7004320500000000000♠32,050
Jump up ^ Tottenham Hotspur were due to play their first three home games at Wembley due to the rebuilding of their own stadium,[6][7] but delays in the construction extended this to at least the first nine games.[8]
Personnel and kits[edit]
Team
Manager1
Captain
Kit manufacturer
Shirt sponsor (chest)
Shirt sponsor (sleeves)
Arsenal Unai Emery Laurent Koscielny Puma[9] Fly Emirates[10] Visit Rwanda[11]
Bournemouth Eddie Howe Simon Francis[12] Umbro[13] M88[14] M88[15]
Brighton & Hove Albion Chris Hughton Bruno[16] Nike[17] American Express[17] JD[18]
Burnley Sean Dyche Tom Heaton[19] Puma[20] LaBa360[21] N/A
Cardiff City Neil Warnock Sean Morrison Adidas Tourism Malaysia JD[22]
Chelsea Maurizio Sarri Gary Cahill[23] Nike[24] Yokohama Tyres[25] Hyundai[26]
Crystal Palace Roy Hodgson Luka Milivojević Puma[27] ManBetX[28] Dongqiudi
Everton Marco Silva Phil Jagielka Umbro[29] SportPesa[30] Angry Birds[31]
Fulham Slaviša Jokanović Tom Cairney Adidas Dafabet ICM[32]
Huddersfield Town David Wagner Tommy Smith[33] Umbro[34] OPE Sports[35] Leisu Sports[36]
Leicester City Claude Puel Wes Morgan[37] Adidas[38] King Power[39] Bia Saigon[40]
Liverpool Jürgen Klopp Jordan Henderson[41] New Balance[42] Standard Chartered[43] Western Union[44]
Manchester City Pep Guardiola Vincent Kompany[45] Nike[46] Etihad Airways[47] Nexen Tire[48]
Manchester United José Mourinho Antonio Valencia Adidas[49] Chevrolet[50] Kohler[51]
Newcastle United Rafael Benítez Jamaal Lascelles Puma[52] Fun88[53] N/A
Southampton Mark Hughes Steven Davis Under Armour[54] Virgin Media[55] Virgin Media
Tottenham Hotspur Mauricio Pochettino Hugo Lloris[56] Nike[57] AIA[58] N/A
Watford Javi Gracia Troy Deeney[59] Adidas[60] FxPro MoPlay[61]
West Ham United Manuel Pellegrini Mark Noble[62] Umbro[63] Betway[64] Basset & Gold[65]
Wolverhampton Wanderers Nuno Espírito Santo Conor Coady Adidas[66] W88[67] CoinDeal[68]
1 According to current revision of List of current Premier League and English Football League managers.
Nike has a new match ball, the Merlin.
Managerial changes[edit]
Team
Outgoing manager
Manner of
departure
Date of vacancy
Position in table
Incoming manager
Date of appointment
Arsenal Arsène Wenger Mutual consent 13 May 2018[69] Pre-season Unai Emery 23 May 2018[70]
Everton Sam Allardyce 16 May 2018[71] Marco Silva 31 May 2018[72]
West Ham United David Moyes End of contract 16 May 2018[73] Manuel Pellegrini 22 May 2018[74]
Chelsea Antonio Conte Sacked 13 July 2018 Maurizio Sarri 14 July 2018
League table[edit]
Pos
Team
[
v
t
e
]
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification or relegation
1
Manchester City 10 8 2 0 27 3 +24 26 Qualification for the Champions League group stage
2
Liverpool 10 8 2 0 20 4 +16 26
3
Chelsea 10 7 3 0 24 7 +17 24
4
Arsenal 10 7 1 2 24 13 +11 22
5
Tottenham Hotspur 10 7 0 3 16 8 +8 21 Qualification for the Europa League group stage
6
Bournemouth 10 6 2 2 19 12 +7 20
7
Watford 10 6 1 3 16 12 +4 19
8
Manchester United 10 5 2 3 17 17 0 17
9
Everton 10 4 3 3 16 14 +2 15
10
Wolverhampton Wanderers 10 4 3 3 9 9 0 15
11
Brighton & Hove Albion 10 4 2 4 11 13 −2 14
12
Leicester City 10 4 1 5 16 16 0 13
13
West Ham United 10 2 2 6 9 15 −6 8
14
Crystal Palace 10 2 2 6 7 13 −6 8
15
Burnley 10 2 2 6 10 21 −11 8
16
Southampton 10 1 4 5 6 14 −8 7
17
Cardiff City 10 1 2 7 9 23 −14 5
18
Fulham 10 1 2 7 11 28 −17 5 Relegation to the EFL Championship
19
Newcastle United 10 0 3 7 6 14 −8 3
20
Huddersfield Town 10 0 3 7 4 21 −17 3
Updated to match(es) played on 29 October 2018. Source: Premier League
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Goal difference; 3) Goals scored; 4) Play-offs (only if needed to decide champion, teams for relegation or teams for UEFA competitions).
Results[edit]
Home \ Away
ARS
BOU
BHA
BUR
CAR
CHE
CRY
EVE
FUL
HUD
LEI
LIV
MCI
MUN
NEW
SOU
TOT
WAT
WHU
WOL
Arsenal
— 2–0 3–1 0–2 a a 2–0 3–1
Bournemouth
— 2–0 2–1 2–2 4–2 0–0
Brighton & Hove Albion
— a 2–2 3–2 1–2 1–0 1–0
Burnley
4–0 — 0–4 1–1 0–2 1–3
Cardiff City
2–3 1–2 — 4–2 0–5 0–0
Chelsea
3–2 2–0 4–1 — a 1–1 2–2 a
Crystal Palace
2–2 a — 0–2 0–0 0–2 0–1
Everton
2–0 — 3–0 1–1 a 2–1 1–3
Fulham
1–5 0–3 4–2 a 0–2 — 1–1
Huddersfield Town
0–0 0–3 0–1 — 0–1 0–2
Leicester City
1–2 3–1 — 1–2 1–1 2–0
Liverpool
1–0 4–1 a — 0–0 a 3–0 4–0
Manchester City
2–0 5–0 3–0 6–1 — a 2–1
Manchester United
a 2–1 2–1 a a — 3–2 0–3 1–1
Newcastle United
1–2 0–1 1–2 0–2 — 1–2
Southampton
2–2 0–0 0–3 1–2 0–0 —
Tottenham Hotspur
a 1–0 a 3–1 1–2 0–1 —
Watford
0–4 2–0 2–1 3–0 1–2 2–1 —
West Ham United
1–2 0–0 3–1 0–1 — 0–1
Wolverhampton Wanderers
1–0 2–2 1–1 2–0 0–2 —
Updated to match(es) played on 29 October 2018. Source: Premier League
Colours: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.
For coming matches, an a indicates there is an article about the match.
Season statistics[edit]
As of 29 October 2018
Scoring[edit]
Top scorers[edit]
Rank
Player
Club
Goals[75]
1 Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang Arsenal 7
Eden Hazard Chelsea
3 Sergio Agüero Manchester City 6
Sadio Mané Liverpool
Glenn Murray Brighton and Hove Albion
6 Harry Kane Tottenham Hotspur 5
Aleksandar Mitrović Fulham
Roberto Pereyra Watford
Mohamed Salah Liverpool
Gylfi Sigurðsson Everton
Callum Wilson Bournemouth
Hat-tricks[edit]
Main article: List of Premier League hat-tricks
Player
For
Against
Result
Date
Ref
Sergio Agüero Manchester City Huddersfield Town 6–1 (H) 19 August 2018 [76]
Eden Hazard Chelsea Cardiff City 4–1 (H) 15 September 2018 [77]
Top assists[edit]
Rank
Player
Club
Assists[78]
1 Ryan Fraser Bournemouth 5
Benjamin Mendy Manchester City
3 Héctor Bellerín Arsenal 4
Abdoulaye Doucouré Watford
Olivier Giroud Chelsea
Jóhann Berg Guðmundsson Burnley
José Holebas Watford
Luciano Vietto Fulham
Callum Wilson Bournemouth
10 Ross Barkley Chelsea 3
Eden Hazard Chelsea
Kelechi Iheanacho Leicester City
Raúl Jiménez Wolverhampton Wanderers
Anthony Knockaert Brighton and Hove Albion
Paul Pogba Manchester United
Aaron Ramsey Arsenal
Mohamed Salah Liverpool
Raheem Sterling Manchester City
Clean sheets[edit]
Rank
Player
Club
Clean
sheets[79]
1 Ederson Manchester City 7
2 Alisson Liverpool 6
3 Kepa Arrizabalaga Chelsea 5
4 Asmir Begović Bournemouth 4
Alex McCarthy Southampton
Rui Patrício Wolverhampton Wanderers
7 Martin Dúbravka Newcastle United 3
Ben Foster Watford
Wayne Hennessey Crystal Palace
Hugo Lloris Tottenham Hotspur
Mathew Ryan Brighton & Hove Albion
Discipline[edit]
Player[edit]
Most yellow cards: 5[80]
José Holebas (Watford)
Most red cards: 2[81]
Wes Morgan (Leicester City)
Club[edit]
Most yellow cards: 26[82]
West Ham United
Most red cards: 3[83]
Leicester City
Awards[edit]
Monthly awards[edit]
Month
Manager of the Month
Player of the Month
Goal of the Month
Reference
Manager
Club
Player
Club
Player
Club
August Javi Gracia Watford Lucas Moura Tottenham Hotspur Jean Michaël Seri Fulham [84][85][86]
September Nuno Espírito Santo Wolverhampton Wanderers Eden Hazard Chelsea Daniel Sturridge Liverpool [87][88][89]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "English Premier League Performance Stats - 2018-19". ESPN. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
Jump up ^ "Start date for 2018–19 Premier League season announced".
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Jump up ^ "Premier League fixtures 2018–19: Man City visit Arsenal on opening weekend". BBC Sport. 14 June 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
Jump up ^ "Premier League Handbook 2018/19" (PDF). Premier League. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
Jump up ^ "Tottenham: Liverpool the visitors for first game at new stadium". BBC Sport. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
Jump up ^ "Tottenham delay move to new stadium over 'safety issues'". BBC Sport. Retrieved 13 August 2018.
Jump up ^ Aarons, Ed (2018-10-26). "Tottenham confirm they will not play in new stadium until 2019". The Guardian. Retrieved 2018-10-28.
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Jump up ^ "Arsenal partner with 'Visit Rwanda'". Arsenal FC. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
Jump up ^ "Simon Francis named as AFC Bournemouth club captain for 2016/17 season". afcb.co.uk. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "#NextChapter: AFC Bournemouth and Umbro". [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "AFC Bournemouth unveil Mansion Group as Premier League shirt sponsor". insideworldfootball.com. Retrieved 22 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mansion go all-in with Bournemouth adding sleeve to shirt front sponsorship". insideworldfootball.com. 30 August 2017. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Brighton captain Bruno willing to give Manchester City pal David Silva a pasting in season opener". Mirror. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "New Kit Partnership with Nike". seagulls.co.uk. Retrieved 3 June 2014.
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Jump up ^ "Tom Heaton – player profile". burnleyfootballclub.com. Archived from the original on 1 December 2016. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Burnley sign new Puma kit deal". Lancashire Telegraph. Retrieved 17 May 2013.
Jump up ^ "Puma Home Kit: 2018/19". burnleyfootballclub.com. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
Jump up ^ "JD Sports announced s club's first sleeve sponsor". Cardiff City F.C. 4 August 2018. Retrieved 4 August 2018.
Jump up ^ "Captain Cahill: Delighted, proud and excited". chelseafc.com. Chelsea FC. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
Jump up ^ "Chelsea and Nike announce long-term partnership". chelseafc.com. Chelsea FC. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
Jump up ^ "Chelsea seal £200m shirt sponsorship deal with Yokohama Rubber". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Chelsea and Hyundai Begin New Partnership". chelseafc.com. 11 June 2018. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
Jump up ^ "Revealed: Crystal Palace and Puma 2018/19 Kits". Crystal Palace F.C. 9 May 2018. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
Jump up ^ "Palace Announce New Shirt Sponsor, ManBetX". Crystal Palace FC. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Everton agree five-year deal with Umbro to supply club kits from start of next season". Daily Mail. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Everton confirm SportPesa as new shirt sponsor". Liverpool Echo. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Everton Sign Sleeve Deal With Games Giant Rovio Entertainment". Everton FC. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "New Sleeve Sponsor: ICM". Fulham F.C. 11 August 2018. Retrieved 11 August 2018.
Jump up ^ "Tommy Smith becomes Huddersfield Town club captain for Premier League season". Examiner. 9 August 2017. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "Town Teams Up with Umbro for 2018/19!". Huddersfield Town A.F.C. 9 May 2018. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
Jump up ^ "OPE SPORTS – New Shirt Sponsor". Huddersfield Town AFC. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "2018/19 Umbro Home Kit Revealed!". Huddersfield Town AFC. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
Jump up ^ "Leicester City captain Wes Morgan 'fit and ready' for Premier League season after hectic summer". Leicester Mercury. Archived from the original on 2015-08-10.
Jump up ^ "Leak Confirmed – Leicester City Announce Adidas Kit Deal". Footy Headlines. 17 May 2018. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
Jump up ^ "2014/15 PUMA Home Kit Now On Sale!". lcfc.com. Leicester City FC. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Leicester City And ThaiBev Agree Multi-Year Global Partnership". Retrieved 2018-08-03.
Jump up ^ "Henderson appointed Liverpool captain". liverpoolfc.com. Liverpool FC.
Jump up ^ "Liverpool announce record-breaking £300m kit deal with New Balance from next season". Daily Mail. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Liverpool stick with shirt sponsor Standard Chartered after penning two-year extension". Daily Mail. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Western Union signs sponsorship deal with Liverpool football club". Financial Times. Retrieved 9 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Manchester City captain Vincent Kompany finally concedes a goal". Mail Online.
Jump up ^ Ogden, Mark (4 May 2012). "Manchester City's six-year kit deal with Nike could earn the Premier League leaders up to £12million a year". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
Jump up ^ Taylor, Daniel (8 July 2011). "Manchester City bank record £400m sponsorship deal with Etihad Airways". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
Jump up ^ Edwards, John (17 March 2017). "Man City and Nexen Tire announce Premier League first partnership". London. Retrieved 17 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Manchester United and Adidas in £750m deal over 10 years". BBC News. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Manchester United's £53m shirt deal with Chevrolet unaffected despite likely absence of Champions League". telegraph.co.uk. Telegraph Media Group. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Kohler Unveiled as Shirt Sleeve Sponsor". ManUtd.com. Manchester United F.C. 12 July 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
Jump up ^ "REVEALED: Newcastle United Officially Announce 125th Anniversary Kit Featuring New Sponsor Fun88". 15 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "FUN88 becomes Newcastle United shirt sponsor". nufc.co.uk. Newcastle United FC. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Saints announce multi-year partnership with Under Armour". saintsfc.co.uk. Retrieved 14 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "Virgin Media become Southampton's main club sponsor". saintsfc.co.uk. Retrieved 2 July 2016.
Jump up ^ "Tottenham news: Spurs 'set to name Harry Kane vice-captain' – Metro News". Metro.
Jump up ^ "TOTTENHAM HOTSPUR ANNOUNCES MULTI-YEAR PARTNERSHIP WITH NIKE". tottenhamhotspur.com. Tottenham Hotspur FC. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "AIA TO BECOME TOTTENHAM HOTSPUR'S NEW PRINCIPAL PARTNER". tottenhamhotspur.com. Tottenham Hotspur FC. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
Jump up ^ Simon Burnton. "Premier League 2015–16 preview No18: Watford". The Guardian.
Jump up ^ "Watford Announce Adidas Deal". footyheadlines.com. Retrieved 6 December 2016.
Jump up ^ "News: Watford Announce Sleeve Partnership With MoPlay". Watford F.C. 11 August 2018. Retrieved 11 August 2018.
Jump up ^ "Slaven Bilic thanks Kevin Nolan as West Ham captain leaves club – video". The Guardian. 27 August 2015.
Jump up ^ "West Ham re-united with Umbro". whufc.com. Archived from the original on 2 May 2015. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Hammers announce Betway sponsorship". whufc.com. West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "West Ham United and Basset & Gold agree new ground-breaking shirt sleeve and eSports partnership". whufc.com. West Ham United F.C. 13 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
Jump up ^ "Wolves Unveil Partnership With Adidas". Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. 8 May 2018. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
Jump up ^ "Wolves Announce W88 As Shirt Sponsor". wolves.co.uk. Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. 13 June 2018. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
Jump up ^ "Wolves Unveil CoinDeal As Shirt Sleeve Sponsor". wolves.co.uk. Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
Jump up ^ "Arsene Wenger: Arsenal boss to leave club at end of season". BBC Sport. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
Jump up ^ Hytner, David (23 May 2018). "Arsenal confirm appointment of Unai Emery as club's new manager". The Guardian. Retrieved 2018-05-23.
Jump up ^ O'Hara, Aidan (14 May 2018). "Bye, bye to Big Sam Allardyce, the year the title race died". Irish Independent. Retrieved 16 May 2018.
Jump up ^ "Marco Silva: Everton appoint former Watford and Hull boss as new manager". BBC.com. 31 May 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
Jump up ^ "David Moyes: West Ham manager departs after just six months in charge". BBC.com. 16 May 2018. Retrieved 16 May 2018.
Jump up ^ Steinberg, Jacob (2018-05-22). "West Ham appoint Manuel Pellegrini as manager on three-year deal". the Guardian. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
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Jump up ^ "Chelsea 4–1 Huddersfield Town". BBC Sport. 15 September 2018. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
Jump up ^ "Premier League Player Stats – Assists". Premier League. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
Jump up ^ "Premier League Player Stats – Clean Sheets". Premier League. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
Jump up ^ "Premier League Player Stats – Yellow Cards". Premier League. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
Jump up ^ "Premier League Player Stats – Red Cards". Premier League. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
Jump up ^ "Premier League Club Stats – Yellow Cards". Premier League. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
Jump up ^ "Premier League Club Stats – Red Cards". Premier League. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
Jump up ^ "Gracia enjoying the moment with manager award". Premier League. 7 September 2018. Retrieved 7 September 2018.
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Jump up ^ "Nuno claims Barclays Manager of the Month". Premier League. 12 October 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
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Jump up ^ "Sturridge wins Carling Goal of the Month". Premier League. 12 October 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
External links[edit]
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Höðr
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Loki tricks Höðr into shooting Baldr.
Höðr (Old Norse: Hǫðr [hɔðr]; often anglicized as Hod, Hoder, or Hodur[1]) is a blind god, the twin brother of Baldr and a son of Odin and Frigg in Norse mythology. Tricked and guided by Loki, he shot the mistletoe arrow which was to slay the otherwise invulnerable Baldr.
According to the Prose Edda and the Poetic Edda, the goddess Frigg, Baldr's mother, made everything in existence swear never to harm Baldr, except for the mistletoe, which she found too unimportant to ask (alternatively, which she found too young to demand an oath from). The gods amused themselves by trying weapons on Baldr and seeing them fail to do any harm. Loki, the mischief-maker, upon finding out about Baldr's one weakness, made a spear from mistletoe, and helped Höðr shoot it at Baldr.[2][3][4] In reaction to this, Odin and the giantess Rindr gave birth to Váli, who grew to adulthood within a day and slew Höðr.
The Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus recorded an alternative version of this myth in his Gesta Danorum. In this version, the mortal hero Høtherus and the demi-god Balderus compete for the hand of Nanna. Ultimately, Høtherus slays Balderus.
Contents
[hide]
1 The Prose Edda
2 The Poetic Edda
3 Skaldic poetry
4 Gesta Danorum
5 Chronicon Lethrense and Annales Lundenses
6 Rydberg's theories
7 Modern culture
8 Notes
9 References
10 External links
The Prose Edda[edit]
In the Gylfaginning part of Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda Höðr is introduced in an ominous way.
Höðr heitir einn ássinn, hann er blindr. Œrit er hann styrkr, en vilja mundu goðin at þenna ás þyrfti eigi at nefna, þvíat hans handaverk munu lengi vera höfð at minnum með goðum ok mönnum. - Eysteinn Björnsson's edition[5]
"One of the Æsir is named Hödr: he is blind. He is of sufficient strength, but the gods would desire that no occasion should rise of naming this god, for the work of his hands shall long be held in memory among gods and men." - Brodeur's translation[6]
Höðr is not mentioned again until the prelude to Baldr's death is described. All things except the mistletoe (believed to be harmless) have sworn an oath not to harm Baldr, so the Æsir throw missiles at him for sport.
En Loki tók mistiltein ok sleit upp ok gekk til þings. En Höðr stóð útarliga í mannhringinum, þvíat hann var blindr. Þá mælti Loki við hann: "Hví skýtr þú ekki at Baldri?" Hann svarar: "Þvíat ek sé eigi hvar Baldr er, ok þat annat at ek em vápnlauss." Þá mælti Loki: "Gerðu þó í líking annarra manna ok veit Baldri sœmð sem aðrir menn. Ek mun vísa þér til hvar hann stendr. Skjót at honum vendi þessum."
Höðr tók mistiltein ok skaut at Baldri at tilvísun Loka. Flaug skotit í gögnum hann ok fell hann dauðr til jarðar. Ok hefir þat mest óhapp verit unnit með goðum ok mönnum. - Eysteinn Björnsson's edition[7]
"Loki took Mistletoe and pulled it up and went to the Thing.
Hödr stood outside the ring of men, because he was blind. Then spake Loki to him: 'Why dost thou not shoot at Baldr?' He answered: 'Because I see not where Baldr is; and for this also, that I am weaponless.' Then said Loki: 'Do thou also after the manner of other men, and show Baldr honor as the other men do. I will direct thee where he stands; shoot at him with this wand.' Hödr took Mistletoe and shot at Baldr, being guided by Loki: the shaft flew through Baldr, and he fell dead to the earth; and that was the greatest mischance that has ever befallen among gods and men." - Brodeur's translation[8]
The Gylfaginning does not say what happens to Höðr after this. In fact it specifically states that Baldr cannot be avenged, at least not immediately.
Þá er Baldr var fallinn, þá fellusk öllum ásum orðtök ok svá hendr at taka til hans, ok sá hverr til annars ok váru allir með einum hug til þess er unnit hafði verkit. En engi mátti hefna, þar var svá mikill griðastaðr. - Eysteinn Björnsson's edition[7]
"Then, when Baldr was fallen, words failed all the Æsir, and their hands likewise to lay hold of him; each looked at the other, and all were of one mind as to him who had wrought the work, but none might take vengeance, so great a sanctuary was in that place." - Brodeur's translation[8]
It does seem, however, that Höðr ends up in Hel one way or another for the last mention of him in Gylfaginning is in the description of the post-Ragnarök world.
Því næst koma þar Baldr ok Höðr frá Heljar, setjask þá allir samt ok talask við ok minnask á rúnar sínar ok rœða of tíðindi þau er fyrrum höfðu verit, of Miðgarðsorm ok um Fenrisúlf. - Eysteinn Björnsson's edition[9]
"After that Baldr shall come thither, and Hödr, from Hel; then all shall sit down together and hold speech with one another, and call to mind their secret wisdom, and speak of those happenings which have been before: of the Midgard Serpent and of Fenris-Wolf." - Brodeur's translation[10]
Snorri's source of this knowledge is clearly Völuspá as quoted below.
In the Skáldskaparmál section of the Prose Edda several kennings for Höðr are related.
Hvernig skal kenna Höð? Svá, at kalla hann blinda ás, Baldrs bana, skjótanda Mistilteins, son Óðins, Heljar sinna, Vála dólg. - Guðni Jónsson's edition[11]
"How should one periphrase Hödr? Thus: by calling him the Blind God, Baldr's Slayer, Thrower of the Mistletoe, Son of Odin, Companion of Hel, Foe of Váli." - Brodeur's translation[12]
None of those kennings, however, are actually found in surviving skaldic poetry. Neither are Snorri's kennings for Váli, which are also of interest in this context.
Hvernig skal kenna Vála? Svá, at kalla hann son Óðins ok Rindar, stjúpson Friggjar, bróður ásanna, hefniás Baldrs, dólg Haðar ok bana hans, byggvanda föðurtófta. - Guðni Jónsson's edition[13]
"How should Váli be periphrased? Thus: by calling him Son of Odin and Rindr, Stepson of Frigg, Brother of the Æsir, Baldr's Avenger, Foe and Slayer of Hödr, Dweller in the Homesteads of the Fathers." -Brodeur's translation[12]
It is clear from this that Snorri was familiar with the role of Váli as Höðr's slayer, even though he does not relate that myth in the Gylfaginning prose. Some scholars have speculated that he found it distasteful since Höðr is essentially innocent in his version of the story.[citation needed]
The Poetic Edda[edit]
Höðr is referred to several times in the Poetic Edda, always in the context of Baldr's death. The following strophes are from Völuspá.
Ek sá Baldri,
blóðgom tívur,
Óðins barni,
ørlög fólgin:
stóð um vaxinn
völlum hærri
mjór ok mjök fagr
mistilteinn.
Varð af þeim meiði,
er mær sýndisk,
harmflaug hættlig:
Höðr nam skjóta.
Baldrs bróðir var
of borinn snemma,
sá nam, Óðins sonr,
einnættr vega.
Þó hann æva hendr
né höfuð kembði,
áðr á bál um bar
Baldrs andskota.
En Frigg um grét
í Fensölum
vá Valhallar -
vituð ér enn, eða hvat?
- Eysteinn Björnsson's edition[14]
I saw for Baldr,
the bleeding god,
The son of Othin,
his destiny set:
Famous and fair
in the lofty fields,
Full grown in strength
the mistletoe stood.
From the branch which seemed
so slender and fair
Came a harmful shaft
that Hoth should hurl;
But the brother of Baldr
was born ere long,
And one night old
fought Othin’s son.
His hands he washed not,
his hair he combed not,
Till he bore to the bale-blaze
Baldr’s foe.
But in Fensalir
did Frigg weep sore
For Valhall’s need:
would you know yet more?
- Bellows' translation[15]
I saw for Baldr—
for the bloodstained sacrifice,
Óðinn's child—
the fates set hidden.
There stood full-grown,
higher than the plains,
slender and most fair,
the mistletoe.
There formed from that stem
which was slender-seeming,
a shaft of anguish, perilous:
Hǫðr started shooting.
A brother of Baldr
was born quickly:
he started—Óðinn's son—
slaying, at one night old.
He never washed hands,
never combed head,
till he bore to the pyre
Baldr's adversary—
while Frigg wept
in Fen Halls
for Valhǫll's woe.
Do you still seek to know? And what?
- Ursula Dronke's translation
This account seems to fit well with the information in the Prose Edda, but here the role of Baldr's avenging brother is emphasized.
Baldr and Höðr are also mentioned in Völuspá's description of the world after Ragnarök.
Munu ósánir
akrar vaxa,
böls mun alls batna,
Baldr mun koma.
Búa þeir Höðr ok Baldr
Hropts sigtóptir
vel, valtívar -
vituð ér enn, eða hvat? - Eysteinn Björnsson's edition[14]
Unsown shall
the fields bring forth,
all evil be amended;
Baldr shall come;
Hödr and Baldr,
the heavenly gods,
Hropt´s glorious dwellings shall inhabit.
Understand ye yet, or what? - Thorpe's translation[16]
The poem Vafþrúðnismál informs us that the gods who survive Ragnarök are Viðarr, Váli, Móði and Magni with no mention of Höðr and Baldr.
The myth of Baldr's death is also referred to in another Eddic poem, Baldrs draumar.
Óðinn kvað:
"Þegj-at-tu, völva,
þik vil ek fregna,
unz alkunna,
vil ek enn vita:
Hverr mun Baldri
at bana verða
ok Óðins son
aldri ræna?"
Völva kvað:
"Höðr berr hávan
hróðrbaðm þinig,
hann mun Baldri
at bana verða
ok Óðins son
aldri ræna;
nauðug sagðak,
nú mun ek þegja."
Óðinn kvað:
"Þegj-at-tu, völva,
þik vil ek fregna,
unz alkunna,
vil ek enn vita:
Hverr mun heift Heði
hefnt of vinna
eða Baldrs bana
á bál vega?"
Völva kvað:
Rindr berr Vála
í vestrsölum,
sá mun Óðins sonr
einnættr vega:
hönd of þvær
né höfuð kembir,
áðr á bál of berr
Baldrs andskota;
nauðug sagðak,
nú mun ek þegja." - Guðni Jónsson's edition[17]
Vegtam
"Be thou not silent, Vala!
I will question thee,
until I know all.
I will yet know
who will Baldr’s
slayer be,
and Odin’s son
of life bereave."
Vala
"Hödr will hither
his glorious brother send,
he of Baldr will
the slayer be,
and Odin’s son
of life bereave.
By compulsion I have spoken;
I will now be silent."
Vegtam
"Be not silent, Vala!
I will question thee,
until I know all.
I will yet know
who on Hödr vengeance
will inflict
or Baldr’s slayer
raise on the pile."
Vala
"Rind a son shall bear,
in the western halls:
he shall slay Odin’s son,
when one night old.
He a hand will not wash,
nor his head comb,
ere he to the pile has borne
Baldr’s adversary.
By compulsion I have spoken;
I will now be silent." - Thorpe's translation[18]
Höðr is not mentioned again by name in the Eddas. He is, however, referred to in Völuspá in skamma.
Váru ellifu
æsir talðir,
Baldr er hné,
við banaþúfu;
þess lézk Váli
verðr at hefna,
síns of bróður
sló hann handbana. - Guðni Jónsson's edition[19]
There were eleven
Æsir reckoned,
when Baldr on
the pile was laid;
him Vali showed himself
worthy to avenge,
his own brother:
he the slayer slew. - Thorpe's translation[20]
Skaldic poetry[edit]
The name of Höðr occurs several times in skaldic poetry as a part of warrior-kennings. Thus Höðr brynju, "Höðr of byrnie", is a warrior and so is Höðr víga, "Höðr of battle". Some scholars have found the fact that the poets should want to compare warriors with Höðr to be incongruous with Snorri's description of him as a blind god, unable to harm anyone without assistance. It is possible that this indicates that some of the poets were familiar with other myths about Höðr than the one related in Gylfaginning - perhaps some where Höðr has a more active role. On the other hand, the names of many gods occur in kennings and the poets might not have been particular in using any god name as a part of a kenning.
Gesta Danorum[edit]
In Saxo's version of the story Høtherus meets wood maidens who warn him that Balderus is a demi-god who can't be killed by normal means.
In Gesta Danorum Hotherus is a human hero of the Danish and Swedish royal lines. He is gifted in swimming, archery, fighting and music and Nanna, daughter of King Gevarus falls in love with him. But at the same time Balderus, son of Othinus, has caught sight of Nanna bathing and fallen violently in love with her. He resolves to slay Hotherus, his rival.
Out hunting, Hotherus is led astray by a mist and meets wood-maidens who control the fortunes of war. They warn him that Balderus has designs on Nanna but also tell him that he shouldn't attack him in battle since he is a demigod. Hotherus goes to consult with King Gevarus and asks him for his daughter. The king replies that he would gladly favour him but that Balderus has already made a like request and he does not want to incur his wrath.
Gevarus tells Hotherus that Balderus is invincible but that he knows of one weapon which can defeat him, a sword kept by Mimingus, the satyr of the woods. Mimingus also has another magical artifact, a bracelet that increases the wealth of its owner. Riding through a region of extraordinary cold in a carriage drawn by reindeer, Hotherus captures the satyr with a clever ruse and forces him to yield his artifacts.
Hearing about Hotherus's artifacts, Gelderus, king of Saxony, equips a fleet to attack him. Gevarus warns Hotherus of this and tells him where to meet Gelderus in battle. When the battle is joined, Hotherus and his men save their missiles while defending themselves against those of the enemy with a testudo formation. With his missiles exhausted, Gelderus is forced to sue for peace. He is treated mercifully by Hotherus and becomes his ally. Hotherus then gains another ally with his eloquent oratory by helping King Helgo of Hålogaland win a bride.
Meanwhile, Balderus enters the country of king Gevarus armed and sues for Nanna. Gevarus tells him to learn Nanna's own mind. Balderus addresses her with cajoling words but is refused. Nanna tells him that because of the great difference in their nature and stature, since he is a demigod, they are not suitable for marriage.
As news of Balderus's efforts reaches Hotherus, he and his allies resolve to attack Balderus. A great naval battle ensues where the gods fight on the side of Balderus. Thoro in particular shatters all opposition with his mighty club. When the battle seems lost, Hotherus manages to hew Thoro's club off at the haft and the gods are forced to retreat. Gelderus perishes in the battle and Hotherus arranges a funeral pyre of vessels for him. After this battle Hotherus finally marries Nanna.
Balderus is not completely defeated and shortly afterwards returns to defeat Hotherus in the field. But Balderus's victory is without fruit for he is still without Nanna. Lovesick, he is harassed by phantoms in Nanna's likeness and his health deteriorates so that he cannot walk but has himself drawn around in a cart.
After a while Hotherus and Balderus have their third battle and again Hotherus is forced to retreat. Weary of life because of his misfortunes, he plans to retire and wanders into the wilderness. In a cave he comes upon the same maidens he had met at the start of his career. Now they tell him that he can defeat Balderus if he gets a taste of some extraordinary food which had been devised to increase the strength of Balderus.
Encouraged by this, Hotherus returns from exile and once again meets Balderus in the field. After a day of inconclusive fighting, he goes out during the night to spy on the enemy. He finds where Balderus's magical food is prepared and plays the lyre for the maidens preparing it. While they don't want to give him the food, they bestow on him a belt and a girdle which secure victory.
Heading back to his camp, Hotherus meets Balderus and plunges his sword into his side. After three days, Balderus dies from his wound. Many years later, Bous, the son of Othinus and Rinda, avenges his brother by killing Hotherus in a duel.
Chronicon Lethrense and Annales Lundenses[edit]
There are also two lesser-known Danish–Latin chronicles, the Chronicon Lethrense and the Annales Lundenses, of which the latter is included in the former. These two sources provide a second euhemerized account of Höðr's slaying of Balder.
It relates that Hother was the king of the Saxons, son of Hothbrod, the daughter of Hadding.[21] Hother first slew Othen's (i.e., Odin's) son Balder in battle and then chased Othen and Thor. Finally, Othen's son Both killed Hother. Hother, Balder, Othen, and Thor were incorrectly considered to be gods.[citation needed]
Rydberg's theories[edit]
According to the Swedish mythologist and romantic poet Viktor Rydberg,[22] the story of Baldr's death was taken from Húsdrápa, a poem composed by Ulfr Uggason around 990 AD at a feast thrown by the Icelandic Chief Óláfr Höskuldsson to celebrate the finished construction of his new home, Hjarðarholt, the walls of which were filled with symbolic representations of the Baldr myth among others. Rydberg suggested that Höðr was depicted with eyes closed and Loki guiding his aim to indicate that Loki was the true cause of Baldr's death and Höðr was only his "blind tool." Rydberg theorized that the author of the Gylfaginning then mistook the description of the symbolic artwork in the Húsdrápa as the actual tale of Baldr's death.
Modern culture[edit]
Höðr is one of the incarnated gods, one personifying cold, moreso than darkness, in the New Zealand comedy/drama The Almighty Johnsons. The part of Tyrone "Ty" Johnson/Höðr is played by Jared Turner.[23]
Notes[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Höðr.
Jump up ^ The'Höðr is thought to be related to höð, "battle", and mean something like "killer". This would seem to fit with the god's mythological role. In the standardized Old Norse orthography the name is spelled Hǫðr but the letter 'ǫ' is frequently replaced with the Modern Icelandic 'ö' for reasons of familiarity or technical expediency.
The name can be represented in English texts as Hod, Hoder, Hodur, Hodr, Hödr, Höd or Hoth or less commonly as Hödur, Hödhr, Höder, Hothr, Hodhr, Hodh, Hother, Höthr, Höth or Hödh. In the reconstructed pronunciation of Old Norse Hǫðr is pronounced [ˈhɔðr] ( listen), while the Icelandic pronunciation is [ˈhœðʏr] ( listen), corresponding to the Icelandic spelling Höður. The various anglicizations are pronounced in an ad hoc fashion according to the taste and dialect of the speaker.
Jump up ^ Ingri D'Aulaire; Edgar Parin D'Aulaire (2005). D'Aulaires' Book of Norse Myths. New York Review of Books. p. 131. ISBN 978-1-59017-125-7.
Jump up ^ D. J. Conway (January 1990). Norse Magic. Llewellyn Worldwide. p. 156. ISBN 978-0-87542-137-7.
Jump up ^ Lynda C. Welch (1 April 2001). Goddess of the North: A Comprehensive Exploration of the Norse Goddesses, from Antiquity to the Modern Age. Weiser Books. p. 44. ISBN 978-1-57863-170-4.
Jump up ^ "GYLFAGINNING [R]: 23-32". hi.is.
Jump up ^ "Völuspá - Norse and Germanic Lore site with Old Norse / English translations of the Poetic Edda and Prose Edda". voluspa.org.
^ Jump up to: a b "GYLFAGINNING [R]: 49-50". hi.is.
^ Jump up to: a b "Völuspá - Norse and Germanic Lore site with Old Norse / English translations of the Poetic Edda and Prose Edda". voluspa.org.
Jump up ^ http://www.hi.is/~eybjorn/gg/ggrpar51.htm
Jump up ^ "Völuspá - Norse and Germanic Lore site with Old Norse / English translations of the Poetic Edda and Prose Edda". voluspa.org.
Jump up ^ http://www.heimskringla.no/wiki/Skáldskaparmál
^ Jump up to: a b "Völuspá - Norse and Germanic Lore site with Old Norse / English translations of the Poetic Edda and Prose Edda". voluspa.org.
Jump up ^ http://www.heimskringla.no/original/snorre/skaldskaparmal.php[permanent dead link]
^ Jump up to: a b http://www.hi.is/~eybjorn/ugm/vsp3.html
Jump up ^ "The Poetic Edda: Voluspo". sacred-texts.com.
Jump up ^ "The Elder Eddas [!] of Saemund Sigfusson". google.com.
Jump up ^ http://www.heimskringla.no/original/edda/vegtamskvida.php[permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "The Elder Eddas [!] of Saemund Sigfusson". google.com.
Jump up ^ http://www.heimskringla.no/original/edda/voluspainskamma.php
Jump up ^ "The Elder Eddas [!] of Saemund Sigfusson". google.com.
Jump up ^ "lejre". 2007-03-10. Archived from the original on 2007-03-10. Retrieved 2017-11-03.
Jump up ^ Investigations into Germanic Mythology, Volume II, Part 2: Germanic Mythology, William P. Reaves translation, iUniverse, 2004
Jump up ^ "The Almighty Johnsons". thealmightyjohnsons.co.nz.
References[edit]
Bellows, Henry Adams (trans.) (1936). The Poetic Edda. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Available online
Brodeur, Arthur Gilchrist (transl.) (1916). The Prose Edda by Snorri Sturluson. New York: The American-Scandinavian Foundation. Available online in parallel text
Dronke, Ursula (ed. and trans.) (1997) The Poetic Edda: Mythological Poems. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-811181-9.
Eysteinn Björnsson (2001). Lexicon of Kennings : The Domain of Battle. Published online: http://www.hi.is/~eybjorn/ugm/kennings/kennings.html
Eysteinn Björnsson (ed.). Snorra-Edda: Formáli & Gylfaginning : Textar fjögurra meginhandrita. 2005. Published online: http://www.hi.is/~eybjorn/gg/
Eysteinn Björnsson (ed.). Völuspá. Published online: http://www.hi.is/~eybjorn/ugm/vsp3.html
Guðni Jónsson (ed.) (1949). Eddukvæði : Sæmundar Edda. Reykjavík: Íslendingasagnaútgáfan. Available online
Lindow, John (2001). Handbook of Norse mythology. Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio. ISBN 1-57607-217-7.
Thorpe, Benjamin (transl.) (1866). Edda Sæmundar Hinns Froða : The Edda Of Sæmund The Learned. (2 vols.) London: Trübner & Co. Available online at Google Books
Legendary titles
Preceded by
Rolvo Krake King of Denmark
in Gesta Danorum Succeeded by
Rørikus
External links[edit]
MyNDIR (My Norse Digital Image Repository) Illustrations of Höðr from manuscripts and early print books. Clicking on the thumbnail will give you the full image and information concerning it.
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The Purpose Driven Life
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Purpose Driven Life book cover
The Purpose Driven Life (2002) is a devotional book written by Christian author Rick Warren and published by Zondervan. The book topped the Wall Street Journal best seller charts as well as Publishers Weekly charts, with over 30 million copies sold by 2007.[1] The Purpose Driven Life was also on the New York Times Bestseller List for over 90 weeks.[2]
The book offers readers a 40-day personal spiritual journey and presents what Warren says are God's five purposes for human life on Earth and describes itself as "a blueprint for Christian living in the 21st Century [...] using about 350 references to the Bible, maybe this amounts to over 1200 Biblical verses and quotes to challenge the conventional definitions of Christian Worship, Fellowship, Discipleship, Christian Ministry and Evangelism."
Contents
1 Sales
2 Content
3 Impact
4 Criticism
5 Ashley Smith
6 See also
7 References
7.1 Bibliography
Sales[edit]
The Purpose Driven Life has sold 60 million copies.
Content[edit]
The book is intended to be read as a daily inspiration, with each of the 40 short chapters read on consecutive days. Each chapter contains a personal application section at the end with a "point to ponder," a verse to remember, and a question to consider over the course of that day. Rick Warren described his book as an "anti-self-help book." The first sentence of the book reads, "It's not about you,"[3] and the remainder of the chapter goes on to explain how the quest for personal fulfillment, satisfaction, and meaning can only be found in understanding and doing what God placed you on Earth to do.[4] The book's 40 chapters are divided into six major sections, with the following titles:[5]
What on Earth Am I Here For?
Purpose #1: You Were Planned for God's Pleasure (Worship)
Purpose #2: You Were Formed for God's Family (Fellowship)
Purpose #3: You Were Created to Become Like Christ (Discipleship)
Purpose #4: You Were Shaped for Serving God (Ministry)
Purpose #5: You Were Made for a Mission (Mission)
In later versions of the book, 2 additional chapters were added about the 2 biggest reasons why Christians don't live purpose driven lives, envy and "people pleasing."
Impact[edit]
A May 2005 survey of American pastors and ministers conducted by George Barna asked Christian leaders to identify what books were the most influential on their lives and ministries. The Purpose Driven Life was the most frequent response. The Purpose Driven Church, Warren's second book, was the second most frequent response. Billy Graham described the book as one that would "guide you to greatness—through living the Great Commandment and the Great Commission of Jesus." NFL legend Ray Lewis gave the book to 23 time Olympic goal medalist Michael Phelps when he went to rehab. Phelps read the book daily while in rehab.[6]
Criticism[edit]
Biblical scholar Robert M. Price criticized Warren for applying eisegesis, which includes quoting various translations of the Bible and selectively choosing whichever paraphrase or translation supports his theses.[7] Jason Harris criticized the book for providing the scripture citations only in end notes, making it harder for readers to know the context of the passages it cites.[8]
Ashley Smith[edit]
In March 2005 Brian Nichols, who was wanted for the shooting of four people in Atlanta, held Ashley Smith hostage in her apartment for seven hours. Smith reported to news outlets that during this time she read chapter 32 of The Purpose Driven Life to Nichols, which she credited as influencing his decision to release her from captivity.[9] Smith later admitted that she had also given Nichols crystal methamphetamine to pacify him.[10] Sales of The Purpose Driven Life rose greatly, with the book becoming Amazon's second-best-selling book after news of Smith's captivity and release was announced.[11][12]
See also[edit]
Biblical literalism
Cafeteria Christianity
Christian literature
Saddleback Church
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Rick Warren: Purpose-Driven Strife". Abcnews.go.com. 2007-06-22. Retrieved 2014-05-16.
Jump up ^ Donadio, Rachel (2004-11-28). "Faith-Based Publishing". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-02-11.
Jump up ^ Warren, Rick, The Purpose Driven Life, 2002, p17
Jump up ^ Warren, Rick, The Purpose Driven Life, 2002, p25
Jump up ^ Warren, Rick, The Purpose Driven Life, 2002, Table of Contents
Jump up ^ Sun, Baltimore. "Ray Lewis tweets strange thing about Michael Phelps' medal count, deletes it". Retrieved 2016-09-09.
Jump up ^ Price, Robert M. The Reason-Driven Life pp. 307-312
Jump up ^ Harris, Jason. InFocus. "The Purpose Driven Life” by Rick Warren
Jump up ^ "Ex-hostage: 'I wanted to gain his trust'". CNN. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
Jump up ^ "Shooting suspect's hostage: I gave him meth". MSNBC. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
Jump up ^ "Purpose Driven Life sales pick up pace in Upstate". Herald-Journal. Mar 17, 2005. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
Jump up ^ "Rick Warren: The Purpose-Driven Pastor". NPR. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
Bibliography[edit]
Warren, Rick (2002). The Purpose Driven Life. Michigan: Zondervan.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Purpose_Driven_Life&oldid=856440246"
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