text:
List of Governors of Cross River State
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This is a list of administrators and governors of Cross River State, Nigeria, including leaders of South-Eastern State. South-Eastern State was formed on 1967-05-27 when Eastern Region was split into East-Central, Rivers and South-Eastern states. The state was renamed Cross River State in 1976.
South-Eastern State
Title
Took Office
Left Office
Party
Notes
Uduokaha Esuene Governor 28 May 1967 July 1975 (Military)
Paul Omu Governor 3 February 1976 July 1978 (Military)
Cross River State
Title
Took Office
Left Office
Party
Notes
Paul Omu Governor 3 February 1976 July 1978 (Military)
Babatunde Elegbede Governor July 1978 October 1979 (Military)
Clement Isong Governor October 1979 October 1983 NPN
Donald Etiebet Governor October 1983 December 1983 NPN NAVY CAPTAIN EDET AKPAN ARCHIBONG; MILITARY GOVERNOR FROM JANUARY 1984 -MAY 1984
Dan Archibong Governor MAY 1984 1986 {Military}
Eben Ibim Princewill Governor 1986 December 1989 {Military}
Ernest Attah Governor December 1989 January 1992 {Military}
Clement Ebri Governor January 1992 November 1993 NRC
Ibrahim Kefas Administrator 9 December 1993 14 September 1994 {Military}
Gregory Agboneni Administrator 14 September 1994 22 August 1996 {Military}
Umar Farouk Ahmed Administrator 22 August 1996 August 1998 {Military}
Christopher Osondu Administrator August 1998 May 1999 {Military}
Donald Duke Governor 29 May 1999 29 May 2007 PDP
Liyel Imoke Governor 29 May 2007 29 May 2015 PDP
Benedict Ayade Governor 29 May 2015 Till Date PDP

See also[edit]
States of Nigeria
List of state governors of Nigeria
References[edit]
"Nigerian Federal States". WorldStatesmen. Retrieved 2009-11-30.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Governors_of_Cross_River_State&oldid=746366463"
Categories:
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Cross River State
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text:
Intramuscular injection
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
IM into the leg
Intramuscular (also IM or im) injection is the injection of a substance directly into muscle. In medicine, it is one of several alternative methods for the administration of medications (see route of administration). Muscles have larger and more blood vessels than subcutaneous tissue and injections here usually have faster rates of absorption than subcutaneous injections or intradermal injections.[1] Depending on the injection site, an administration is limited to between 2 and 5 milliliters of fluid.
Contents
[hide]
1 Uses
2 Injection sites
2.1 Deltoid muscle
2.2 Ventrogluteal site
2.3 Vastus lateralis muscle
2.4 Dorsogluteal site
3 Procedure
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Uses[edit]
Examples of medications that are sometimes administered intramuscularly are:
Haloperidol (Haldol)
Aripiprazole (Abilify)
Paliperidone (Invega)
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Fulvestrant (Faslodex)
Codeine
Morphine
Methotrexate
Metoclopramide
Olanzapine
Streptomycin
Diazepam
Prednisone
Penicillin
Interferon beta-1a
Sex hormones, such as testosterone, estradiol valerate, and medroxyprogesterone acetate (as Depo Provera)
Dimercaprol
Ketamine
Leuprorelin
Naloxone
Quinine, in its gluconate form
Vitamin B12, as cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin or methylcobalamin
Risperidone
Vaccines are often administered as IM injections.
In addition, some vaccines are administered intramuscularly:
Gardasil
Hepatitis A vaccine
Rabies vaccine
Influenza vaccines based on inactivated viruses are commonly administered intramuscularly (although there is active research being conducted as to the best route of administration).
Platelet-rich plasma injections can be administered intramuscularly.
Certain substances (e.g. ketamine) are injected intramuscularly for recreational purposes.
Injection sites[edit]
Possible sites for IM injection include: deltoid, dorsogluteal, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and ventrogluteal muscles.[2] Sites that are bruised, tender, red, swollen, inflamed or scarred are avoided.[1]
Deltoid muscle[edit]
Diagram showing the deltoid site for intramuscular injection
The deltoid muscle site (upper arm) is recommended for use with injections of small volume, usually equal or less than 1 ml, including vaccinations.[2] This site is not recommended for repeated injections, due to its small area, it is difficult to rotate the injection site.[2] To locate the site, palpate the lower edge of the acromion process. Inject in the upside down triangle that forms with its base at the acromion process and its midpoint in line with the axilla.[1]
Ventrogluteal site[edit]
Ventrogluteal site and rectus femoris sites for intramuscular injection
The ventrogluteal site (hip) is recommended for injections requiring a larger volume to be administered, greater than 1 ml, and for medications known to be irritating, viscous or oily. It is also given for narcotic, antibiotic, sedative and anti-emetic medications.[2] To locate the ventrogluteal site, place the palm of your hand over the greater trochanter, with the fingers facing the patient's head. The right hand is used for the left hip and left hand is used for the right hip. Place the index finger on the anterior superior iliac spine and run the middle finger back along the iliac crest. The injection is given in the center of the triangle that is formed.[1]
Vastus lateralis muscle[edit]
Vatus lateralis site for intramuscular injection
The vastus lateralis site is the recommended site for infants less than 7 months old and those unable to walk, with loss of muscular tone.[2] To locate the site, divide the front thigh into thirds vertically and horizontally to make nine squares and inject in the outer middle square.[1]
Dorsogluteal site[edit]
The dorsogluteal (buttock) site is not recommended for use in any patient population due to its location near major blood vessels and nerves, as well as having inconsistent depth of adipose tissue, with very few injections in this area injected to the correct depth to administer as a true intramuscular injection.[2][3] Use of this site is associated with skin and tissue trauma, muscle fibrosis and contracture, haematoma, nerve palsy and paralysis, as well as infectious processes such as abscess and gangrene.[2] Despite the goal of healthcare in many countries to follow evidence based practices, this site is commonly preferred by healthcare professionals against research recommendation, often due to a lack of knowledge surrounding alternative sites for injection.[4] The injection site is located by dividing the buttock into four with a plus (+) shaped cross, and administering the injection in the upper outer quadrant. This is the only intramuscular injection site for which research recommends aspiration (drawing back) of the syringe prior to injection, due to higher likelihood of accidental intravenous administration in this area.[2]
Procedure[edit]
The selected site is cleansed with an antimicrobial and is allowed to dry. It is injected with the dominant hand using a quick, darting motion perpendicular to the patient's body at an angle between 72 and 90 degrees, as a faster injection is less painful. The needle is then stabilized with the nondominant hand while the dominant hand slides to the plunger to slowly instill the medication, as a rapid injection causes more discomfort. The CDC does not recommend the outdated practice of aspirating for blood to rule out injecting into a blood vessel. The needle is withdrawn at the same angle inserted. Using the "Z track" or zigzag technique is recommended, where the skin is pulled and held down to one side with the nondominant hand about an inch and after the needle is withdrawn the displaced skin is allowed to return to its normal position. This is to ensure that the medication does not leak back along the needle track. Gentle pressure is applied with a gauze but the site is not massaged to prevent forcing the medication into subcutaneous tissue.[5]
See also[edit]
Subcutaneous injection
Intravenous injection
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Taylor, C. R., Lillis, C., LeMone, P., Lynn, P. (2011) Fundamentals of nursing: The art and science of nursing care. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, page 751.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Mann, E. (2016). Injection (Intramuscular): Clinician Information. The Johanna Briggs Institute.
Jump up ^ Farley, H. F., Joyce, N., Long, B., & Roberts, R. (1986). Will that IM needle reach the muscle? American Journal of Nursing, 86(12), 1327-1331
Jump up ^ Cocoman, A., & Murray, J. (2010). Recognizing the evidence and changing practice on injection sites. British Journal of Nursing, 19(18), 1170-1174.
Jump up ^ Lynn, P. (2011) Lippincott's photo atlas of medication administration. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, pages 39-40.
External links[edit]
Injections, Intramuscular at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Prevention and Control of Influenza, Recommendations of ACIP
[hide]
v
t
e
Routes of administration, dosage forms
Oral
Digestive
tract (enteral)
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Pill
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Capsule
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Respiratory
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Solids
Smoking device
Dry-powder inhaler (DPI)

0
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Liquids
Anaesthetic vaporizer
Vaporizer
Nebulizer
Metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
Gas
Oxygen mask and Nasal cannula
Oxygen concentrator
Anaesthetic machine
Relative analgesia machine
Ophthalmic,
otologic, nasal
Nasal spray
Ear drops
Eye drops
Ointment
Hydrogel
Nanosphere suspension
Insufflation
Mucoadhesive microdisc (microsphere tablet)
Urogenital
Ointment
Pessary (vaginal suppository)
Vaginal ring
Vaginal douche
Intrauterine device (IUD)
Extra-amniotic infusion
Intravesical infusion
Rectal (enteral)
Ointment
Suppository
Enema
Solution
Hydrogel
Murphy drip
Nutrient enema
Dermal
Ointment
Topical cream
Topical gel
Liniment
Paste
Film
DMSO drug solution
Electrophoretic dermal delivery system
Hydrogel
Liposomes
Transfersome vesicles
Cream
Lotion
Lip balm
Medicated shampoo
Dermal patch
Transdermal patch
Contact (rubbed into break in the skin)
Transdermal spray
Jet injector
Injection,
infusion
(into tissue/blood)
Skin
Intradermal
Subcutaneous
Transdermal implant
Organs
Intracavernous
Intravitreal
Intra-articular injection
Transscleral
Central nervous system
Intracerebral
Intrathecal
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Circulatory, musculoskeletal
Intravenous
Intracardiac
Intramuscular
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text:
List of endangered animals in India
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (April 2014)
According to the Red Data List of International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), there are 48 critically endangered species in India (as of 5 September 2011[update]).[1]
The Red List of 2012 was released at the Rio+20 Earth Summit . It contains 132 species of plants and animals in India listed as critically endangered.[2][3][4]
Contents
1 Critically endangered in India
2 Endangered
3 Vulnerable
4 Notes
5 See also
6 References
Critically endangered in India[edit]
Arthropoda
Rameshwaram parachute spider (Poecilotheria hanumavilasumica)
Peacock tarantula (Poecilotheria metallica)
Birds
White-bellied heron (Ardea insignis)
Great Indian bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps)
Forest owlet (Athene blewitti)
Baer's pochard (Aythya baeri)
Spoon-billed sandpiper (Calidris pygmaea)
Siberian crane (Grus leucogeranus)
White-rumped vulture (Gyps bengalensis)
Indian vulture (Gyps indicus)
Slender-billed vulture (Gyps tenuirostris)
Bengal florican (Houbaropsis bengalensis)
Bugun liocichla (Liocichla bugunorum)
Himalayan quail (Ophrysia superciliosa)
Jerdon's courser (Rhinoptilus bitorquatus)
Pink-headed duck (Rhodonessa caryophyllacea)
Red-headed vulture (Sarcogyps calvus)
Sociable lapwing (Vanellus gregarius)
Fish
Wayanad mahseer (Barbodes wynaadensis)
Pondicherry shark (Carcharhinus hemiodon)
Ganges shark (Glyphis gangeticus)
Glyptothorax kashmirensis (Glyptothorax kashmirensis)
Kudremukh glyptothorax (Glyptothorax kudremukhensis)
Nilgiri Mystus (Hemibagrus punctatus)
Horalabiosa arunachalami (Horalabiosa arunachalami)
Hypselobarbus pulchellus (Hypselobarbus pulchellus)
Red Canarese barb (Hypselobarbus thomassi)
Deccan labeo (Labeo potail)
Mesonoemacheilus herrei (Mesonoemacheilus herrei)
Bovany barb (Neolissochilus bovanicus)
Deolali minnow (Parapsilorhynchus prateri)
Pookode Lake barb (Pethia pookodensis)
Common sawfish (Pristis pristis)
Largetooth sawfish (Pristis microdon)
Longcomb sawfish (Pristis zijsron)
Psilorhynchus tenura (Psilorhynchus tenura)
Deccan barb (Puntius deccanensis)
Schistura papulifera (Schistura papulifera)
Insects
Pygmy Hog Sucking Louse (Haematopinus oliveri)
Data deficient (“Data inadequate to determine a threat category”)
Reptiles and amphibians
Madras spotted skink (Barkudia insularis)
Northern river terrapin (Batagur baska)
Red-crowned roofed turtle (Batagur kachuga)
Cnemaspis anaikattiensis(Cnemaspis anaikattiensis)
Hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata)
Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus)
Ghats wart frog (Fejervarya murthii)
Jeypore ground gecko (Geckoella jeyporensis)
Gundia Indian frog (Indirana gundia)
Toad-skinned frog (Indirana phrynoderma)
Charles Darwin's frog (Ingerana charlesdarwini)
Rao's torrent frog (Micrixalus kottigeharensis)
Dattatreya night frog (Nyctibatrachus dattatreyaensis)
Sacred grove bushfrog (Philautus sanctisilvaticus)
Amboli bush frog (Pseudophilautus amboli)
White-spotted bush frog (Raorchestes chalazodes)
Green eyed bushfrog (Raorchestes chlorosomma)
Griet bush frog (Raorchestes griet)
Kaikatti bushfrog (Raorchestes kaikatti)
Mark's bushfrog (Raorchestes marki)
Munnar bush frog (Raorchestes munnarensis)
Ponmudi bush frog (Raorchestes ponmudi)
Resplendent shrubfrog (Raorchestes resplendens)
Shillong bubble-nest frog (Raorchestes shillongensis)
Anaimalai flying frog (Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus)
Sushil's bushfrog (Raorchestes sushili)
Amboli toad (Xanthophryne tigerina)
Ghats wart frog (Zakerana murthii)
Mammals
{asiatic cheetah} (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) [a]
Namdapha flying squirrel (Biswamoyopterus biswasi)
Himalayan wolf ("Canis himalayensis")
Elvira rat (Cremnomys elvira)
Andaman shrew (Crocidura andamanensis)
Jenkins' shrew (Crocidura jenkinsi)
Nicobar shrew (Crocidura nicobarica)
Northern Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis lasiotis) [a]
Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla)
Kondana soft-furred rat (Millardia kondana)
Pygmy hog (Porcula salvania)
Indian Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus inermis) [a]
Malabar large-spotted civet (Viverra civettina)
Endangered[edit]
Fish
Knifetooth sawfish (Anoxypristis cuspidata)
Asian arowana (Scleropages formosus)
Red line torpedo barb (Sahyadria denisonii)
Golden Mahaseer (Tor putitora)
Birds
Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis)
Great Knot (Calidris tenuirostris)
Masked Finfoot (Heliopais personatus)
Greater Adjutant (Leptoptilos dubius)
White-bellied Blue Robin (Myiomela albiventris)
Nilgiri Blue Robin (Myiomela major)
White-headed Duck (Oxyura leucocephala)
Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus)
Narcondam hornbill (Rhyticero)
Spotted Greenshank (Tringa guttifer)
Banasura Laughingthrush (Trochalopteron jerdoni)
Reptiles
Perrotet's Vine Snake (Ahaetulla perroteti)
Three-striped Roofed Turtle (Batagur dhongoka)
Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas)
Indian Narrow-headed Softshell Turtle (Chitra indica)
Goan Day Gecko (Cnemaspis goaensis)
Wyanad Day Gecko (Cnemaspis wynadensis)
Keeled Box Turtle (Cuora mouhotii)
Boulenger's Dasia (Dasia subcaerulea)
Poona Skink (Eurylepis poonaensis)
Inger's Mabuya (Eutropis clivicola)
Yellow-headed Tortoise (Indotestudo elongata)
Asian forest tortoise (Manouria emys)
Indian Kangaroo Lizard (Otocryptis beddomii)
Assam Roofed Turtle (Pangshura sylhetensis)
Asian Giant Softshell Turtle (Pelochelys cantorii)
Travancore Hills Thorntail Snake (Platyplectrurus madurensis)
Travancore Earth Snake (Rhinophis travancoricus)
Cochin Forest Cane Turtle (Vijayachelys silvatica)
Mammals
Red panda (Ailurus fulgens)
Sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis)
Blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus)
Fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus)
Banteng (Bos javanicus)
Wild water buffalo (Bubalus arnee)
Hispid hare (Caprolagus hispidus)
Dhole (Cuon alpinus)
Indian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus)
Woolly flying squirrel (Eupetaurus cinereus)
Kolar leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros hypophyllus)
Lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus)
White-bellied musk deer (Moschus leucogaster)
Servant mouse (Mus famulus)
Mandelli's mouse-eared bat (Myotis sicarius)
Nilgiri tahr (Nilgiritragus hylocrius)
Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica)
Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
Ganges river dolphin (Platanista gangetica gangetica)
Gee's golden langur (Trachypithecus geei)
Nicobar treeshrew (Tupaia nicobarica)
Vulnerable[edit]
Listed by the IUCN As of 2012[update]:[5]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (April 2016)
Mammals
Gaur (Bos gaurus)
Yak (Bos grunhniens)
Takin (Budorcas taxicolor)
[[abcdefghijklmnopatstuvwxyZ
]] (Rucervus duvaucelii)
Clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa)
Dugong (Dugong dugon)
Sun bear (Helarctos malayanus)
Stump-tailed macaque (Macaca arctoides)
Marbled cat (Pardofelis marmorata)
Sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus)
Rusty-spotted cat (Prionailurus rubiginosus)
Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis)
Snow leopard (Uncia uncia)
Nilgiri Marten (Martes gwatkinsii)
Birds
Sarus crane (Antigone antigone)
Nicobar megapode (Megapodius nicobariensis)
Dalmatian pelican (Pelecanus crispus)
Reptiles and amphibians
Olive ridley sea turtle
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Extinct from India
See also[edit]
Fauna of India
Mammals of India
Endangered mammals of India
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Extinction Animals (Press Release)". Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. 2012-01-01. Retrieved 2011-09-05.
Jump up ^ Red list has 132 species of plants, animals from India
Jump up ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/current-news
Jump up ^ Extinction threat 'a call to world leaders' at Rio Earth Summit
Jump up ^ "Endangered Mammal List". Wildlife Institute of India (WII). Archived from the original on 2007-07-04. Retrieved 2007-08-06.
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List of British royal residences
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This is a list of residences occupied by the British royal family, noting the seasons of the year they are traditionally occupied. Members of the royal family inhabit their range of residences across the United Kingdom. Some are royal palaces, owned by the Crown and held in trust by the monarch; others are privately owned. Balmoral Castle and Sandringham House have been inherited as private property for several generations. Other royal palaces are no longer residences (e.g., the Palace of Westminster, the Palace of Whitehall). Some remain in irregular use for royal occasions (such as Hillsborough Castle). The royal palaces enjoy certain legal privileges: for example, there is an exemption from levying duty on alcoholic beverages sold in the bars at the Palace of Westminster and there are exemptions from health and safety legislation. According to Halsbury's Laws of England, it is not possible to arrest a person within the "verges" of a royal palace (though this assertion is contradicted by a memorandum by the Clerk of the House of Commons in respect of the Palace of Westminster)[1] and when a royal palace is used as a residence (regardless of whether the monarch is actually living there at the time), judicial processes cannot be executed within that palace.[2]
The occupied royal residences are cared for and maintained by the Royal Household Property Section. The unoccupied royal palaces of England, along with Hillsborough Castle in County Down, are now within the responsibility of Historic Royal Palaces.
Contents
[hide]
1 Current royal residences by members of the royal family
1.1 The Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh
1.1.1 Crown Estate
1.1.2 Private
1.2 The Prince of Wales
1.2.1 Crown Estate
1.2.2 Duchy of Cornwall
1.2.3 Private
1.3 Duke and Duchess of Cambridge
1.3.1 Crown Estate
1.3.2 Private
1.4 Prince Harry
1.4.1 Crown Estate
1.5 The Duke of York
1.5.1 Crown Estate
1.6 Princess Beatrice of York
1.6.1 Crown Estate
1.7 Princess Eugenie of York
1.7.1 Crown Estate
1.8 The Earl and Countess of Wessex
1.8.1 Crown Estate
1.9 The Princess Royal
1.9.1 Crown Estate
1.9.2 Private
1.10 The Duke and Duchess of Gloucester
1.10.1 Crown Estate
1.11 The Duke and Duchess of Kent
1.11.1 Crown Estate
1.12 Prince and Princess Michael of Kent
1.12.1 Crown Estate
1.13 Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy
1.13.1 Crown Estate
2 Current royal residences by type of residence
2.1 Crown-owned
2.2 Crown Estate Owner
2.3 Duchy of Cornwall-owned
2.4 Privately owned
3 Former royal residences
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
7 External links
Current royal residences by members of the royal family[edit]
Residence
Location
Notes
The Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh[edit]
Crown Estate[edit]
Buckingham Palace London, England Official London residence (Monday to Friday)
Windsor Castle Windsor, Berkshire, England Official country residence (Most weekends; a month over Easter; a week in June for Royal Ascot and the service of the Order of the Garter; and Christmas.)[clarification needed]
Palace of Holyroodhouse Edinburgh, Scotland Official Scottish residence (whenever the royal family undertake official duties in Scotland: primarily Holyrood week in July)
Hillsborough Castle County Down, Northern Ireland Official residence in Northern Ireland (whenever the royal family undertake official duties in Northern Ireland)[3]
Private[edit]
Inherited from the current Queen's father
Sandringham House Sandringham, Norfolk, England Christmas until February
Balmoral Castle Aberdeenshire, Scotland August and September
Craigowan Lodge Balmoral, Aberdeenshire
Delnadamph Lodge Balmoral, Aberdeenshire Being rebuilt for the Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall; located on the estate of Balmoral Castle
The Prince of Wales[edit]
Crown Estate[edit]
Clarence House London Official London residence
Duchy of Cornwall[edit]
Highgrove House Gloucestershire
Llwynywermod Myddfai, Llandovery, Carmarthenshire, Wales Usual country residence of the Prince of Wales in Wales
Tamarisk Isles of Scilly
Private[edit]
Birkhall Balmoral, Aberdeenshire previously used by Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother; located on the estate of Balmoral Castle
Duke and Duchess of Cambridge[edit]
Crown Estate[edit]
Kensington Palace London Official London residence
Private[edit]
Anmer Hall Sandringham Estate, Norfolk Located on the grounds of Sandringham House[4]
Prince Harry[edit]
Crown Estate[edit]
Kensington Palace London
The Duke of York[edit]
Crown Estate[edit]
Buckingham Palace London Official London residence
The Royal Lodge Windsor, Berkshire Official country residence, leased from the Crown Estate
Princess Beatrice of York[edit]
Crown Estate[edit]
St James's Palace London
The Royal Lodge Windsor, Berkshire
Princess Eugenie of York[edit]
Crown Estate[edit]
St James's Palace London
The Royal Lodge Windsor, Berkshire
The Earl and Countess of Wessex[edit]
Crown Estate[edit]
Buckingham Palace London Official London residence
Bagshot Park Surrey Official country residence, leased from the Crown Estate
The Princess Royal[edit]
Crown Estate[edit]
St James's Palace London Official London residence
Private[edit]
Gatcombe Park Minchinhampton, Gloucestershire Privately owned home
The Duke and Duchess of Gloucester[edit]
Crown Estate[edit]
Kensington Palace London Official London residence
Barnwell Manor Barnwell, Northamptonshire Not in residence - leased to Berenger Antiques since 1995
The Duke and Duchess of Kent[edit]
Crown Estate[edit]
Wren House Kensington Palace, London Official London residence
Prince and Princess Michael of Kent[edit]
Crown Estate[edit]
Kensington Palace London Official London residence
Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy[edit]
Crown Estate[edit]
St James's Palace London Official London residence
Thatched House Lodge Richmond, London Official country residence, leased from the Crown Estate
Current royal residences by type of residence[edit]
Residence
Location
Member(s)
Crown-owned[edit]
Buckingham Palace London The Queen and The Duke of Edinburgh, The Yorks, The Wessexes
Clarence House London The Waleses[N 1]
Kensington Palace London The Cambridges, The Gloucesters, Prince and Princess Michael, Prince Harry (also an Historic Royal Palace)
Wren House Kensington Palace, London The Kents
St James's Palace London The Yorks, The Princess Royal, Sir Timothy Laurence, Princess Alexandra
Windsor Castle Windsor, Berkshire Various
Palace of Holyroodhouse Edinburgh Various
Hillsborough Castle County Down, Northern Ireland Various
Crown Estate Owner[edit]
The Royal Lodge Windsor, Berkshire The Yorks
Bagshot Park Surrey The Wessexes
Thatched House Lodge Richmond, Surrey Princess Alexandra
Duchy of Cornwall-owned[edit]
Highgrove House Gloucestershire The Waleses
Llwynywermod Myddfai, Llandovery, Carmarthenshire The Waleses
Tamarisk Isles of Scilly The Waleses
Privately owned[edit]
Sandringham House: Norfolk The Queen (inherited)
– Anmer Hall Sandringham Estate, Norfolk The Cambridges
Balmoral Castle: Aberdeenshire The Queen (inherited)
– Birkhall House Balmoral, Aberdeenshire
– Craigowan Lodge Balmoral, Aberdeenshire
– Delnadamph Lodge Balmoral, Aberdeenshire
Gatcombe Park Minchinhampton, Gloucestershire The Princess Royal
Former royal residences[edit]
Residence
Location
Royal(s) & Date(s)
Abergeldie Castle Abergeldie, Aberdeenshire Queen Victoria to Elizabeth II (1848-1970)
Apethorpe Palace Apethorpe, Northamptonshire James I and Charles I
Albany Piccadilly, London Prince Frederick, Duke of York (1791–1802)
Allerton Castle North Yorkshire Prince Frederick, Duke of York (1786–1789)
Audley End House Saffron Walden, Essex Charles II (1668–1701)
Banqueting House Whitehall, London Last remaining property of the Palace of Whitehall, now a Historic Royal Palace
Barnwell Manor Northamptonshire Princes Henry and Richard, Dukes of Gloucester (1938–1995, still owned)
Palace of Beaulieu Chelmsford, Essex Henry VIII; Edward VI; Mary I; Elizabeth I (1517–1622)
Beaumont Palace Oxford Henry I through Edward II; 1130–1318)
Fort Belvedere Windsor Great Park Prince William, Duke of Cumberland; Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught; Edward VIII, Gerald and Angela Lascelles (1750–1976)
Bentley Priory London Queen Adelaide (leased 1846/8–1849)
Berkhamsted Castle Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire William the Conqueror (1066); Henry I (1123); Edward, the Black Prince (1337); a number of Queens consort (1191–1400); last occupied 1469–1496 by Cecily Neville, Duchess of York
Birch Hall Surrey Bought and sold in 1998 by the trustees representing Princesses Beatrice and Eugenie of York. Never occupied by the Princesses nor their mother, who claimed that financial difficulties prevented her from running the house (1998)
Brantridge Park Balcombe, West Sussex Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone; Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom (1919–1941)
Bridewell Palace London Henry VIII; Edward VI (1515–1523, owned 'til 1556)
Brill Palace Brill, Buckinghamshire Edward the Confessor; Harold Godwinson; William the Conqueror; William II; Henry I; Stephen; Henry II; John; Henry III; Edward I; Edward II; Edward III (c. 1042–1337; given to Sir John de Moleyns)
Bushy House Teddington, London William IV; the FitzClarences; Mrs Jordan; Queen Adelaide (1797–1849; still owned)
Cadzow Castle South Lanarkshire, Scotland Scottish crown (David I, Alexander II, Alexander III, John, Robert I); Mary, Queen of Scots (mid-early 12th century - early 14th century, early May 1568)
Caernarfon Castle Caernarfon, Wales Edward I (1283– still owned)
Cambridge Cottage Kew
Cambridge House Piccadilly, London Official London residence of Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge (1829–1850)
Carisbrooke Castle Newport, Isle of Wight Charles I; Princess Elizabeth; Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester and Princess Henrietta; Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom (1647-c. 1652, 1896–1944; now English Heritage)
Carlton House London George IV (1783–1827; now Carlton House Terrace, still owned by the Crown Estate)
Castle Hill Lodge Ealing Used by Maria Anne Fitzherbert from October 1795 and George, Prince of Wales then bought by Edward, Duke of Kent (father of Queen Victoria) who spent £100,000 enhancing the house. His aide-de-camp General Sir Frederick Augustus Wetherall bought the house to rescue the Duchess from creditors following the Duke of Kent's death. The house was demolished in 1845 by General Sir George Augustus Wetherall.
Castlewood House Egham, Surrey Leased by The Duke and Duchess of York (1987–1990)
Chelsea Manor London Princess Elizabeth; Anne of Cleves (1536–1547, c. 1547–1557)
Chesterfield House Greenwich London home of Princess Mary (1923–1929) - owned by the Estate of Harewood
Chevening Kent Owned by the Crown Estate and used as the official residence of the Foreign Secretary (since 1980)
Chideock Manor Dorset Rented by The Duke and Duchess of York (1986–1987)
Chiswick House Burlington Lane, Chiswick, London Acquired by English Heritage, 1929
Christ Church Oxford Charles I (1642–1649)
Claremont Esher, Surrey Princess Charlotte Augusta of Wales and Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld; Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany and Princess Helena, Duchess of Albany (1816–1831; owned 'til 1865, 1882–1922)
Clarendon Palace Salisbury, Wiltshire Used for hunting trips during the Middle Ages. Now ruined.
Cliveden Buckinghamshire George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 3rd Duke of Sutherland
Coombe Abbey Warwickshire Owned 16th century–?; Elizabeth of Bohemia (early 17th)
Coppins Buckinghamshire Princess Victoria; Princes George and Edward, Dukes of Kent (1925–1973)
Crocker End House Oxfordshire Prince Edward, Duke of Kent (1990-?)
Crosby Hall Chelsea, London Richard, Duke of Gloucester (mid-late 15th century)[5]
Cumberland Cottage
Cumberland House Pall Mall, London Prince Edward, Duke of York; Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland (c. 1760–1801; as York House 'til 1767)
Cumberland Lodge Windsor Great Park Princes William and Henry, Dukes of Cumberland; Anne, Duchess of Cumberland; Prince Augustus, Duke of Sussex; Princess Helena, Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (1746–1803; 1830–1843; 1872–1923; still owned)
Dolphin Square Embankment, London The Princess Royal, at some point or other, but never owned
Doune Castle Stirlingshire Seat of the Duke of Albany (1380–1603)
Dover House London Prince Frederick, Duke of York (1788–1792)
Dublin Castle Dublin, Ireland Seat of Lords and Kings of Ireland (1171–1922)
Dunfermline Palace Dunfermline, Fife Seat of the King of Scots (1500–1650)
East Sheen Lodge London Princess Louise, Princess Royal (1889–1931)
Eastwell Park Kent Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh and Maria, Duchess of Edinburgh (rented 1874–1893)
Edinburgh Castle Edinburgh A residence of the Kings of Scots from the 11th to the 17th centuries, last used by Charles I in 1633 (now Historic Scotland)
Eltham Palace Kent The Crown (Edward II through Henry VIII; now English Heritage)
Falkland Palace Falkland, Fife Various, including Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany; David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay (The Scottish Crown 14th century –; now National Trust for Scotland)
Frogmore House Windsor Queen Charlotte and her then-unmarried daughters – Charlotte, Princess Royal, Princesses Princess Augusta, Elizabeth, Mary, Sophia, Amelia; Princess Augusta; Princess Victoria, Duchess of Kent (leased 1792–)
Glamis Castle Glamis, Angus Residence of the Kings of Scots up to Robert II; much later, three rooms were let to George VI and Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother
Gloucester House Weymouth Summer residence of Prince William, Duke of Gloucester (later 18th century)
Gloucester House, London Piccadilly, London Prince William, Duke of Gloucester died here, 1805, as did his daughter-in-law Princess Mary, last surviving child of George III, on 30 April 1857
Gloucester Lodge Brompton
Gunnersbury Park London Summer retreat of Princess Amelia (1760–1786)
Hampton Court Palace London The Crown, since Henry VIII (1525–; now a Historic Royal Palace)
Hanworth Manor London Henry VII; Henry VIII; Elizabeth I; also Anne Boleyn and Katherine Parr
Hatfield House Hertfordshire The Crown (residents included Prince Edward and Princess Elizabeth; 16th century – 1607)
Havering Palace Havering, Essex c. 1050–c. 1640
Ingestre House Belgrave Square, London
Kent House Isle of Wight Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll (from 1901)
Kew House Isle of Wight Alejandro Combarro Martín
Kew Palace London Frederick, Prince of Wales; George III; The Crown since (mid-18th century –; now a Historic Royal Palace)
Kingsbourne House Wentworth, Surrey Leased by Sarah, Duchess of York (1994–1997)
Kings Langley Palace Hertfordshire Used by the Plantagenet to Tudor Kings (1276–1558)
Lancaster House London
Leeds Castle Kent King Edward I and Queen Eleanor of Castile, 1278; King Edward II and Isabella of France, 1321; King Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, 1519
Leicester House London Frederick, Prince of Wales (c. 1730–1751)
Les Jolies Eaux Mustique, St Vincent Gift to Princess Margaret. Sold by her son Viscount Linley in 2000.
Linlithgow Palace West Lothian
Tower of London London Now a Historic Royal Palace
Marlborough House London Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh; Queen Adelaide (1837–1849); Albert Edward, Prince of Wales and Alexandra, Princess of Wales (1863–1901); George, Prince of Wales and Mary, Princess of Wales (1901–1910). Occupied by Queen Mary, Dowager Queen 1945-1953.
The Castle of Mey nr. John o' Groats Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother (1952–2002)
Nether Lypiatt Manor Stroud, Gloucestershire former country home of Prince and Princess Michael of Kent
Nonsuch Palace London built by Henry VIII, later dismantled and sold-off by Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland
Norfolk House London Frederick, Prince of Wales
Oak Grove House Sandhurst
Oatlands Palace Weybridge, Surrey King Henry VIII; King Edward VI; Queen Mary I; Queen Elizabeth I (and the Stuart line)
Oatlands Park Weybridge, Surrey
Osborne Cottage Isle of Wight Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom (1901–1912)
Osborne House Isle of Wight Queen Victoria and Prince Albert (1846–1901). Queen Victoria died there on 22 January 1901. Bequeathed to her successor King Edward VII, who gave it to the nation later that year.
Palace of Placentia London The Palace at Greenwich, acquired by Margaret of Anjou (consort to Henry VI), last used by Charles I
Queen Charlotte's Cottage Kew ?
Queen's House Greenwich Built in the Gardens of the Palace of Greenwich for Anne of Denmark, consort to James I
Ranger's House Greenwich
Ribsden Holt Windlesham, Surrey Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll; Princess Patricia of Connaught
Richmond Palace London Also known as Palace of Sheen, Royal Residence 1327 to 1649, little remains
Romenda Lodge Wentworth Estate, Surrey Leased by the Duchess of York 1992-1994.
The Royal Pavilion, Brighton Brighton, East Sussex George IV; William IV; Victoria (1786–1838)
Sagana Lodge Kenya
Savile House Leicester Square, London
Savoy Palace London
Schomberg House Pall Mall, London Princess Helena (until 1923) and daughters Princess Helena Victoria and Princess Marie Louise (1920–1939)[6]
Somerset House London Queen Elizabeth I; Queen Henrietta Maria
Stirling Castle Stirling Kings of Scots
Sunninghill Park Ascot, Windsor Prince Andrew, Duke of York and family (c. 1990—2004)
Sussex House Upper Mall, Hammersmith, London Prince Augustus, Duke of Sussex
Theobalds Palace Hertfordshire The Crown. James I exchanged it by Act of Parliament with Lord Burleigh; Charles I also lived there; granted in 1 & 2 William and Mary to William, Duke of Portland
Walmer Castle Walmer, Kent
Westfield Bonchurch, Isle of Wight Built as hunting lodge for Queen Adelaide in 1825, now converted into apartments with most of gardens sold off
Palace of Westminster London Saxon-1530
Palace of Whitehall London 1530–1698
White Lodge Richmond Princess Amelia of Great Britain; King George III and Queen Charlotte; Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh; Albert Edward, Prince of Wales; Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge and family; Prince Albert George, Duke of York and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (c. 1740–1923)
The King's House Winchester Proposed royal residence for King Charles II
Windlesham Moor Windsor The Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh, Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (1947–4 July 1949[7])
Witley Court Worcestershire
Woodstock Palace Oxfordshire
York Cottage In the grounds of Sandringham House, Norfolk Occupied by King George V and his wife Queen Mary as Duke and Duchess of York. They retained use of the small cottage after their accession in 1910. It was later given to George V's son, Prince Albert, Duke of York and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon.
York House, St James's Palace London Various royal residents
See also[edit]
Royalty portal
United Kingdom portal
Pickering Castle
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Which, following the creation of the Household of Princes William and Harry (now of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and Prince Harry), means the Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Jack, Malcolm. "ARREST OF MEMBERS AND SEARCHING OF OFFICES IN THE PARLIAMENTARY PRECINCTS" (PDF). Memorandum by the Clerk of the House. Parliament of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 23 August 2011.
Jump up ^ Halsbury's Laws of England, volume 12(1): "Crown and Royal Family", paragraph 53
Jump up ^ "Guide to Hillsborough Castle - GOV.UK". www.gov.uk.
Jump up ^ Ward, Victoria (29 July 2013). "Duke and Duchess of Cambridge 'to move into country bolt-hole'" – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
Jump up ^ Royal Borough of Kensington & Chelsea – Interesting Places – Crosby Hall Archived 2007-08-13 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Princess Marie Louise (née Princess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenberg), My Memories of Six Reigns London:Evans Brothers, 1956
Jump up ^ Royal.gov.uk – 60 Facts, Fact 50 Archived November 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
External links[edit]
Art and residences at the royal family website
[hide]
v
t
e
Royal palaces and residences in the United Kingdom
Occupied
Bagshot Park
Balmoral Castle, Birkhall & Craigowan Lodge
Buckingham Palace
Gatcombe Park
Highgrove House
Hillsborough Castle
Holyrood Palace
St James's Palace & Clarence House
Kensington Palace & Wren House
Llwynywermod
Sandringham House, Anmer Hall & Wood Farm
Tamarisk (Isles of Scilly)
Thatched House Lodge
Windsor Castle & Royal Lodge, Windsor
Historical principal royal residences
St James's Palace
Hampton Court Palace
Tower of London
Windsor Castle
Historical
Abergeldie Castle
Albany (London)
Allerton Castle
Audley End House
Palace of Beaulieu
Barnwell Manor
Beaumont Palace
Fort Belvedere, Windsor
Bentley Priory
Berkhamsted Castle
Birch Hall, Surrey
Brantridge Park
Bridewell Palace
Brill Palace
Bushy House
Cadzow Castle
Caernarfon Castle
Cambridge Cottage, Kew
Cambridge House
Carisbrooke Castle
Carlton House
Castle Hill Lodge, Ealing
Castlewood House, Surrey
Chelsea Manor
Chevening
Chideock Manor
Chiswick House
Christ Church, Oxford
Claremont
Clarendon Palace
Cliveden
Coombe Abbey
Coppins
Crocker End House
Crosby Hall, London
Cumberland Cottage
Cumberland House
Cumberland Lodge
Delnadamph Lodge
Dolphin Square
Doune Castle
Dover House
Dublin Castle
Dunfermline Palace
Eastwell Park
Edinburgh Castle
Eltham Palace
Falkland Palace
Frogmore House
Gloucester House
Gloucester House, London
Gloucester Lodge
Gunnersbury Park
Hampton Court Palace
Hanworth Manor
Hatfield House
Havering Palace
Ingestre House
Kent House (Isle of Wight)
Kew House (Isle of Wight)
Kew Palace
Kingsbourne House
King's House, Winchester
Kings Langley Palace
Lancaster House
Leeds Castle
Leicester Square
Les Jolies Eaux
Linlithgow Palace
Tower of London
Marlborough House
Montagu House
Castle of Mey
Nether Lypiatt Manor
Nonsuch Palace
Norfolk House
Oak Grove House
Oatlands Palace
Oatlands Park
Osborne Cottage
Osborne House
Palace of Placentia
Queen Charlotte's Cottage, Kew
Queen's House
Ranger's House
Ribsden Holt
Richmond Palace & White Lodge
Romenda Lodge
Royal City of Dublin Hospital
Royal Pavilion, Aldershot
Royal Pavilion, Brighton
Sagana Lodge
Savile House
Savoy Palace
Schomberg House
Somerset House
Stirling Castle
Sunninghill Park
Sussex House
The More
Theobalds Palace
Villa Guardamangia
Walmer Castle
Palace of Westminster
Palace of Whitehall & the Banqueting House
Windlesham Moor
Witley Court
Woodstock Palace
York Cottage, Sandringham
York House, St James's Palace
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_British_royal_residences&oldid=835093037"
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text:
Business letter
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
A business letter is usually a letter from one company to another, or between such organizations and their customers, clients and other external parties. The overall style of letter depends on the relationship between the parties concerned. Business letters can have many types of contents, for example to request direct information or action from another party, to order supplies from a supplier, to point out a mistake by the letter's recipient, to reply directly to a request, to apologize for a wrong, or to convey goodwill. A business letter is sometimes useful because it produces a permanent written record, and may be taken more seriously by the recipient than other forms of communication.[1][2]
Contents
[hide]
1 General format
1.1 Margins
1.2 Font formatting
1.3 Punctuation
1.4 Form
2 Indentation formats
2.1 Standard
2.2 Open
2.3 Block
2.4 Modified block
2.5 Semi-block
2.6 Modified semi-block
3 References
General format[edit]
Margins[edit]
Side, top and bottom margins should be 1 to 1 1/4 inches (the general default settings in programs such as Microsoft Word). One-page letters and memos should be vertically centered.
Font formatting[edit]
No special character or font formatting is used, except for the subject line, which is usually underlined.
Punctuation[edit]
The salutation or greeting is generally followed by a comma in British style, whereas in the United States a colon is used. The valediction or closing is followed by a comma.
Form[edit]
The following is the general format, excluding indentation used in various formats:
[SENDER'S COMPANY NAME]
[SENDER'S ADDRESS (optional if placed at bottom)]
[SENDER'S PHONE]
[SENDER'S E-MAIL (optional)]

[DATE]

[RECIPIENT W/O PREFIX]
[RECIPIENT'S COMPANY]
[RECIPIENT'S ADDRESS]

(Optional) Attention [DEPARTMENT/PERSON]

Dear [RECIPIENT W/ PREFIX]
[First Salutation then Subject in Business letters]

[CONTENT]

[CONTENT]

[COMPLIMENTARY CLOSING (Sincerely, Respectfully, Regards, etc.)]

[SENDER]
[SENDER'S TITLE](Optional)
[SENDER'S ADDRESS (optional if placed at top)]

Enclosures ([NUMBER OF ENCLOSURES])

Indentation formats[edit]
Business letters conform to generally one of six indentation formats: standard, open, block, semi-block, modified block, and modified semi-block. Put simply, "semi-" means that the first lines of paragraphs are indented; "modified" means that the sender's address, date, and closing are significantly indented.
Standard[edit]
The standard-format letter uses a colon after the salutation and a comma after the complimentary closing.
Open[edit]
The open-format letter does not use punctuation after the salutation and no punctuation after the complimentary closing.
Block[edit]
In a block-format letter, all text is left aligned and paragraphs are not indented.
Modified block[edit]
In a modified-block format letter, all text is left aligned (except the author's address, date, and closing), paragraphs are not indented, and the author's address, date, and closing begin at the center point.
Semi-block[edit]
Semi-block format is similar to the Modified block format, except that the first line of each paragraph is indented.
Modified semi-block[edit]
In a modified semi-block format letter, all text is left aligned (except the author's address, date, and closing), paragraphs are indented, and the author's address, date, and closing are usually indented in same position.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Guffey, Rhodes and Rogin. Business Communication: Process and Product. Third Brief Canadian Edition. Thomson-Nelson, 2010. p. 183–214.
Jump up ^ Newman & Ober. Business Communication: In Person, In Print, Online. South-Western, 2013. p. 503–506.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Business_letter&oldid=848641438"
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text:
Independent Regulatory Board for Auditors
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article needs more links to other articles to help integrate it into the encyclopedia. Please help improve this article by adding links that are relevant to the context within the existing text. (August 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The Independent Regulatory Board for Auditors (IRBA), formerly known as Public Accountants and Auditors Board (PAAB), is a statutory body controlling public accountancy in the Republic of South Africa.
The designation conferred by the board is Registered Auditor (RA). It is important to stress that all entrants to the public accountancy profession are subject to consistent requirements. Following qualification, accountants entering into public practice are required to register with the IRBA and are governed by its regulations. Qualified accountants entering other disciplines who are members of a provincial society of chartered accountants, are not subject to the jurisdiction of the IRBA but are subject to the jurisdiction of the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants.
The IRBA functions in terms of the Auditing Profession Act, 2005 (Act 26 of 2005). Its members are appointed by the Minister of Finance, who must appoint competent persons, including registered auditors, to effectively manage and guide the activities of the Regulatory Board, based on their knowledge and experience.
The Board consists of not less than six but not more than 10 members and, disregarding any vacancy in its membership, not more than 40% of the members of the Board may be registered auditors.
External links[edit]
Official website
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Independent_Regulatory_Board_for_Auditors&oldid=759640868"
Categories:
Accounting organizations
Professional associations based in South Africa
Accounting in South Africa
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A Fair to Remember (Modern Family)
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This article's lead section does not adequately summarize key points of its contents. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. Please discuss this issue on the article's talk page. (March 2015)
"A Fair to Remember"
Modern Family episode
Episode no.
Season 5
Episode 7
Directed by
Beth McCarthy-Miller
Written by
Emily Spivey
Production code
5ARG09
Original air date
November 13, 2013
Guest appearance(s)
Adam DeVine (Andy)
Jordan Peele (Derrick)
Madison McLaughlin (Sienna)
Dylan R. Snyder (Neal)
Episode chronology
← Previous
"The Help" Next →
"ClosetCon '13"
List of Modern Family episodes
"A Fair to Remember" is the seventh episode of the fifth season of the American sitcom Modern Family, and the series' 103rd overall. It was aired on November 13, 2013. The episode was written by Emily Spivey and directed by Beth McCarthy-Miller.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cultural references
3 Reception
3.1 Ratings
3.2 Reviews
4 References
5 External links
Plot[edit]
The whole family, except for Haley (Sarah Hyland), heads to the school fair where everyone gets something to do. Gloria (Sofía Vergara) signed Jay (Ed O'Neill) up to be a fair cop; Manny (Rico Rodriguez) participates in the cake-baking competition; Alex (Ariel Winter) and Luke (Nolan Gould) fight for the same girl; Cam (Eric Stonestreet) worries about his work as a football coach; and Phil (Ty Burrell) and Claire (Julie Bowen) celebrate their 20th wedding anniversary.
Phil and Claire celebrate their 20th wedding anniversary and they both want to surprise each other with their gifts. Claire, who has a tradition of making the worst gifts, this time has prepared a surprise for Phil at home and she tries to make him go back home. Phil, however, does not want to leave the fair, as he arranged with the band who plays at the fair to sing a song for her. Phil manages to keep Claire at the fair till the time that he would get on stage and sing for her, but his surprise is ruined when their pharmacist, Harold Grossman (Rick Cowling), gets on stage right before Phil is supposed to get and sings amazingly. Phil feels frustrated to learn that Claire has loved Harold's singing and does not want to sing anymore, so he goes back home with Claire who surprises him with Chinese acrobats. Phil loves Claire's gift, and Claire manages for the first time to give him a gift which is actually good.
Manny participates in the cake-baking competition, something that Jay does not like since the only participants are old ladies and he believes that Manny does not fit there. Gloria, to get rid of Jay, signs him up to be a fair cop. Gloria, realizing later that Jay was right about Manny not fitting to the competition, decides to destroy Manny's cake so he will not be able to participate. When Manny sees the destroyed cake, he believes that one of the other contestants did it to exclude him from the competition.
Meanwhile, Cam worries about his new job as a football coach since his team has not won a game till now. When one of his students' fathers threatens that he will pull his kid from the team if they do not start winning, Cam freaks out and he tries to intimidate his students to be better players. He finally finds what his team needs to win in Manny.
Jay, as a fair cop, has to be partnered with some other guy named Derrick (Jordan Peele). The problem is that Derrick is the guy who he fought with few minutes earlier about a parking space. The two of them seem to get along though and they enjoy their duties as fair cops.
Luke has a crush on a girl, Sienna (Madison McLaughlin), and he asks for Alex's help on how to approach her without telling her who the girl is. Alex agrees to help him but Sienna is also the girl who Alex wants to make her best friend. When Claire tells her that Sienna is the girl Luke has crush on, Alex tries to keep him away from her. Their fight in front of Sienna just scares her away.
In the meantime, Haley stayed back home to enjoy Jay and Gloria's pool thinking that no one is home, but Andy (Adam DeVine) the nanny is home, baby-sitting Joe. They run into each other and Andy tells her that she can not use the pool since Jay and Gloria are not there. Haley, of course, does not care of what Andy says, and when she is lying next to the pool, Andy tries to collect proof that she was there.
Cultural references[edit]
The episode title references the film An Affair to Remember.
Harold Grossman sings Foreigner's "I Want to Know What Love Is".
Claire gave Phil a plate of Planet of the Apes for their anniversary.
Jay tells Manny that all bakers are girls, giving the examples of Betty Crocker, Mrs. Fields and Little Debbie.
Cam says casting Russell Crowe in Les Misérables was a bad decision.
R2-D2 is mentioned by Phil.
Reception[edit]
Ratings[edit]
In its original American broadcast, "A Fair to Remember" was watched by 10.75 million; up 0.43 from the previous episode.[1]
Reviews[edit]
"A Fair to Remember" received mixed reviews.
Leigh Raines of TV Fanatic rated the episode with 5/5 stating that she "always loves an episode that brings the whole family together".[2]
Madina Papadopoulos of Paste Magazine rated the episode with 8/10 saying that the episode "had a very classic theatrical structure" and the writing "was brilliantly executed".[3]
Britt Hayes from Screen Crush said that the episode was "all over the place and definitely could have benefited from trimming some of the plots down. This show falters when they try to cram too many stories into one episode, and always seems to shine when they have either a couple of solid A-plots and a B-plot, or a few plots that unify into one plot later on."[4]
Phil Dyess-Nugent from The A.V. Club gave a C+ rate to the episode.[5]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (November 14, 2013). "Wednesday Final Ratings: 'Revolution', 'Arrow', 'The Middle' & 'Survivor Adjusted Up; 'Super Fun Night' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers.
Jump up ^ Raines, Leigh (November 14, 2013). "Modern Family Review: Dunphy-versary". TV Fanatic.
Jump up ^ Papadopoulos, Madina (November 14, 2013). "Modern Family Review: "A Fair to Remember" (Episode 5.07)". Paste magazine.
Jump up ^ Hayes, Britt (November 13, 2013). "'Modern Family' Review: "A Fair to Remember"". Screen Crush.
Jump up ^ Dyess-Nugent, Phil (November 14, 2013). "A Fair to Remember". The A.V. Club.
External links[edit]
"A Fair to Remember" on IMDb
"A Fair to Remember" at TV.com
"A Fair to Remember" at ABC.com
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