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Maham
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"Meham" redirects here. For places in Iran, see Meham, Iran.
Meham
महम
Meham
Town, small city
Meham
Meham
Show map of Haryana Show map of India Show all
Location in Haryana, India
Coordinates: 28°59′N 76°18′E / 28.98°N 76.3°E / 28.98; 76.3Coordinates: 28°59′N 76°18′E / 28.98°N 76.3°E / 28.98; 76.3
Country
India
State
Haryana
District
Rohtak
Elevation
214 m (702 ft)
Population (2001)
• Total
18,166
Languages
• Official
Hindi, Regional Haryanvi
Time zone
IST (UTC+5:30)
ISO 3166 code
IN-HR
Vehicle registration
HR 15
Website
haryana.gov.in
Meham is a small city, sub-division, tehsil and a municipal committee in Rohtak district in the Indian state of Haryana. The Haryana govt has shown interest in building a Greenfield Cargo Airport at this city to serve the city of Rohtak. AAI has given in-principle consent to this plan in Jan 2014. Meham is one of the two sub-divisions in Rohtak district. Meham tehsil is further divided into two community development blocks, Meham and Lakhan-Majra.
Contents
[hide]
1 Geography
2 Demographics
3 Indus Valley Civilization Sites
4 Meham during time of Mahmud Ghazni
5 Meham during Tuglaq rule
6 Meham during Mughal rule
6.1 Meham Fort
6.2 Meham Baoli
6.3 Meham Masjid
6.4 Tomb of Shah Muhammad Ramzan Mahami
6.5 Shah Ghulam Hussain Mahami (Takht Walay)
7 Meham during British Raj
8 Meham's Hindu Heritage
9 Transport
10 Parks
11 Temples
12 References
Geography[edit]
Maham is located at 28°59′N 76°18′E / 28.98°N 76.3°E / 28.98; 76.3.[1] It has an average elevation of 214 metres (702 feet). It is situated on National Highway 10. It is a major stop between two cities Delhi and Sirsa in Haryana State of India.
Demographics[edit]
Meham town is situated in the Rohtak district of Haryana. It is a main subdivision in the Rohtak district. It has its own municipality and a constituency for Haryana Vidhan Sabha. There are around 30 Villages in Meham. It is located in the west of the Rohtak District, 30 km from the city of Rohtak. Meham City has its own Mini Secretariat, situated on Rohtak Road, in the eastern part of the city.
As of 2001[update] India census,[2] Maham had a population of 18,166. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Maham has an average literacy rate of 66%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 72%, and female literacy is 59%. In Maham, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age. There is a Govt. PG College and many govt. and private schools in the town.
As of 2011[update] India census,[3] Maham urban area had a population of 20,483. Males constitute 10817, female 9661 and others 5.
Indus Valley Civilization Sites[edit]
There are huge sand dunes about 5 kilometers away on its western fringe. In ancient times, about two big ponds and a dozen smaller ones were created by the people to trap runoff rainwater in them that could last for a full year until the next rains when it were replenished due to the existence of large catchments. There are few myths about it. Archaeological excavations in the region comprising about a dozen village estate have yielded significant finds that are well documented. The finds have thrown light on the pre-harappan settlements, particularly at Madina and Farmana Khas. Dr Vasant Shinde (Deccan College, Pune), Dr Manmohan Singh (Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak) and the Japanese combined their skills to explore these archaeological finds. In ancient times its name was Mahahattam.
Meham during time of Mahmud Ghazni[edit]
Meham suffered setback during the invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni (971-1030 AD) and later also when his son Mas'ud I of Ghazni (998-1040 AD) sacked the town.
Meham during Tuglaq rule[edit]
During the reign of the Turkic Muslim ruler Firuz Shah Tughlaq (1309 - 1388 AD) the town was resettled and the agricultural operations resumed.
Meham during Mughal rule[edit]
It was a thriving town during the Mughal Empire.
Meham Fort[edit]
Mughal Emperors had posted a garrison commander at Meham and built a small fort that is now in complete ruins except ramparts as vestige.
Meham Baoli[edit]
Meham is known more by its old Baoli or Vov (Stepwell). Meham Baoli is also popularly known as Jyani Chor ki Surang.
The Baoli is a tourist attraction and also serves some academic purpose for the students of art and architecture. Commissioned to be built by Saidu Kalal in 1656 AD, the huge structure is in partial ruins nowadays and faces neglect.
Meham Baoli was built during the reign of Shah Jahan (1592 - 1666 AD). Meham "Jyani Chor ki Surang" is also known as "Bavri Cuai". Neeraj Kumar Beniwal....
Meham Masjid[edit]
In Maham the Jama masjid and Pirzada masjid are of some consequence. Mosques are in ruins, parts of those have been demolished by the villagers and some villagers use the ruins and walls as Bitoda (बिटौड़ा) for making, drying and storing hand-made dried cow dung cakes (called Uple उपले in Hindi and Gosse गोस्से in Haryanvi) used as fuel in Chulha (stove) for cooking.
Tomb of Shah Muhammad Ramzan Mahami[edit]
The town has tombs of Shah Muhammad Ramzan Mahami and Shah Ghulam Hussain Mahami (Takht Walay). This tomb is in partial ruins.
Shah Ghulam Hussain Mahami (Takht Walay)[edit]
Shah Ghulam Hussain Mahami (Takht Walay) was a Muslim saint. Now these tombs are in partial ruins but important landmarks. The local people have restored the tomb of Hussain Saheb. In the premises adjacent to these tombs, local religious structures have been erected.
Meham during British Raj[edit]
Meham had considerable Muslim population before partition of India. All Muslims that belonged to Pathan, Baloch and Moola Jats of Sewach gotra migrated to Pakistan in 1947. Now, Meham is mostly a Hindu town.
Meham's Hindu Heritage[edit]
There are a few Hindu Temples and traditional mansions -called havelis owned by Namberdar family (Rais.Lala Mai Dayal)
Transport[edit]
The small city is well connected to all nearby cities through bus transport though there is no connectivity for railways but the bus connectivity is very good. There is good service of Haryana Roadways buses, private buses and cabs. In Railway Budget of 2012–13, the government of India has approved railway lines connection between Rohtak and Hansi, This rail line will connect Maham to other cities. There is a proposal to establish a cargo airport at Maham, and the proposal was approved by Aviation Minister Mr. Ajit Singh, because Maham is located at National Highway 10 and very close to Delhi, it is becoming a popular place for businesses.
Parks[edit]
There is a spacious park in city named 'Huda Park' where a huge crowd can be found in mornings and evenings. There is also a stadium for playing games. Govt. High School, New Anaj Mandi, Sisar/Bhiwani Road, Kheri/Gohana Road, Hissar Road are quite popular among morning walkers. There is also a SAI sports centre started by the government in 2015–16. It is also known as HUDA Town Park, Neeraj Kumar Beniwal.
Temples[edit]
There is a famous ancient temple situated just besides of old bus stand; the name of the temple is 'Radha Krishan Temple', It is situated in Chintala Mohalla, ward No. 6 & 8, Meham. This temple has a very rare statue of Lord Krishna made of rare black stone. In the northeast at half a km away from city there is an old temple named 'Sati Dadi Mandir'. People from Agarwal community from different cities of India come here to get the blessings of Sati Dadi. Very often Mundan ceremonies are organised by families. Sati Dadi Mandir for Brahmin community is located at Maham - Behalba road after passing the village kishangarh. There is also a temple named 'Sheetalpuri Mandir' near about 500 years old, which is located in centre of Maham. DarbariMal Mandir, Geeta Bhawan, Radha Krishna Mandir(Sant ka Mandir) located at Kaglon ka Mohalla, Khari Kui Mandir, Khangah Mandir are few more famous temple. Nowadays, people has also started visiting recently established Shani Mandir and Kali Devi Mandir. There is also a Goga Jaahar Veer Ji's temple in Bharan village near Meham town. Every year, on occasion of Goga Navmi, religious festival is celebrated in the Goga ji temple and wrestling(kushti)/kabbadi tournaments are organized near the Goga Ji temple by the Bharan villagers/panchayat.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Maham
Jump up ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
Jump up ^ "Census of India 200111". Census Commission of India. Retrieved 2014-11-06.
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text:
Southern Colonies
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
It has been suggested that Colonial South and the Chesapeake be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since October 2017.
Map of the Southern colonies, with the proclamation line of 1763 shown in red.
The Southern Colonies within British America consisted of the Province of Maryland,[1] the Colony of Virginia, the Province of Carolina (in 1712 split into North and South Carolina) and the Province of Georgia. In 1763, the newly created colonies of East Florida and West Florida would be added to the Southern Colonies by Great Britain. These colonies would become the historical core of what would become the Southern United States, or "Dixie".
The colonies developed prosperous economies based on the cultivation of cash crops, such as tobacco,[2] indigo,[3] and rice.[4] A side effect of the cultivation of these crops was the presence of slavery in significantly higher proportions than in other parts of British America.
Contents
[hide]
1 Georgia
2 Maryland
3 Virginia
4 See also
5 References
Georgia[edit]
The British colony of Georgia was founded by James Oglethorpe on February 12, 1733.[5] The colony was administered by the Trustees for the Establishment of the Colony of Georgia in America under a charter issued by (and named for) King George II. The Trustees implemented an elaborate plan for the settlement of the colony, known as the Oglethorpe Plan, which envisioned an agrarian society of yeoman farmers and prohibited slavery. In 1742 the colony was invaded by the Spanish during the War of Jenkins' Ear. In 1752, after the government failed to renew subsidies that had helped support the colony, the Trustees turned over control to the Crown. Georgia became a Crown colony, with a governor appointed by the king.[6]
The Province of Georgia was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution by signing the 1776 Declaration of Independence. After the war, Georgia became the fourth state of the Union after ratifying the Constitution on January 2.
The warm climate and swampy lands make it perfect for growing crops such as tobacco, rice, and sugar.
Maryland[edit]
George Calvert received a charter from King Charles I to found the colony of Maryland in 1632. When George Calvert died, his son, Cecilius Calvert, later known as Lord Baltimore, became the proprietor. Calvert came from a wealthy Catholic family and was the first individual (rather than a joint-stock company) to receive a grant from the Crown. He received a grant for a large tract of land north of the Potomac river and on either side of Chesapeake Bay.[7] Calvert planned on creating a haven for English Roman Catholics, most of whom were well-to-do nobles such as himself who could not worship in public.[8] He planned on creating an agrarian manorial society where each noble would have a large manor and tenants would work in the fields and on other tasks. However, with extremely cheap land prices, many Protestants moved to Maryland and bought land for themselves. They soon became a majority of the population, and in 1642 religious tension began to erupt. Calvert was forced to take control and pass the Maryland Toleration Act in 1649, making Maryland the second colony to have freedom of worship, after Rhode Island. However, the Act did little to help religious peace. In 1654, Protestants barred Catholics from voting, ousted a pro-tolerance Governor, and repealed the Toleration Act.[9] Maryland stayed Protestant until Calvert again took control of the colony in 1658.
Virginia[edit]
The Colony of Virginia (also known frequently as the Virginia Colony or the Province of Virginia, and occasionally as the Dominion and Colony of Virginia) was an English colony in North America which existed briefly during the 16th century, and then continuously from 1607 until the American Revolution (as a British colony after 1707[10]). The name Virginia was first applied by Sir Walter Raleigh and Queen Elizabeth I in 1584. Jamestown was the first town created by the Virginia colony. After the English Civil War in the mid 17th century, the Virginia Colony was nicknamed "The Old Dominion" by King Charles II for its perceived loyalty to the English monarchy during the era of the Commonwealth of England.
While other colonies were being founded, Virginia continued to grow. Tobacco planters held the best land near the coast, so new settlers pushed inland. Sir William Berkeley, the colony's governor, sent explorers over the Blue Ridge Mountains to open up the back country of Virginia to settlement.
After independence from Great Britain in 1776 the Virginia Colony became the Commonwealth of Virginia, one of the original thirteen states of the United States, adopting as its official slogan "The Old Dominion". The states of West Virginia, Kentucky, Indiana and Illinois, and portions of Ohio, were all later created from the territory encompassed earlier by the Colony of Virginia.
See also[edit]
Thirteen Colonies
Middle Colonies
Mid-Atlantic
Chesapeake Colonies
Colonial South and the Chesapeake
Colonial history of the United States
New England Colonies
Confederate States of America
Southern United States
Dixie
South Atlantic States
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "The Southern Colonies". Retrieved 2014-10-17.
Jump up ^ Boyer, Paul S. (2004). The Enduring Vision, 5th Edition. The Enduring Vision. Houghton-Mifflin. p. 64. ISBN 0-618-28065-0.
Jump up ^ West, Jean M. "The Devil's Blue Dye and Slavery". Slavery in America. Retrieved 2011-01-16.
Jump up ^ Boyer, Paul S. (2004). The Enduring Vision, 5th Edition. The Enduring Vision. Houghton-Mifflin. p. 77. ISBN 0-618-28065-0.
Jump up ^ "This Day in Georgia History - February 1". Retrieved 13 November 2013.
Jump up ^ "Trustee Georgia, 1732–1752". Georgiaencyclopedia.org. July 27, 2009. Retrieved October 24, 2010.
Jump up ^ Browne, William Hand (1890). George Calvert and Cecil Calvert: Barons Baltimore of Baltimore. New York: Dodd, Mead, and Company. p. 17
Jump up ^ "Maryland: History, Geography, Population, and State Facts". Info please. Retrieved 2011-01-17.
Jump up ^ Boyer, Paul S. (2004). The Enduring Vision, 5th Edition. The Enduring Vision. Houghton-Mifflin. pp. 68–69. ISBN 0-618-28065-0.
Jump up ^ The Royal Government in Virginia, 1624-1775, Volume 84, Issue 1, Percy Scott Flippin, Wallace Everett Caldwell, p. 288
[hide]
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Middle Colonies
Chesapeake Colonies
Southern Colonies
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Georgia
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New York
North Carolina
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
South Carolina
Virginia
Early English colonial entities
Carolina
East Jersey
Maine
New England
New Haven
Plymouth
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West Jersey
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Break (work)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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"Lunch break" redirects here. For lunch breaks at school, see Recess (break).
"Coffee break" redirects here. For the NCBI e-book, see Coffee Break (book). For the album by Human Switchboard, see Coffee Break!
The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this article, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new article, as appropriate. (December 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Two men taking a break during their workday
Seattle city employees taking a coffee break in the 1960s.
A break at work is a period of time during a shift in which an employee is allowed to take time off from his/her job. It is a type of downtime. There are different types of breaks, and depending on the length and the employer's policies, the break may or may not be paid.
Meal breaks, tea breaks, coffee breaks, or lunch breaks usually range from ten minutes to one hour. Their purpose is to allow the employee to have a meal that is regularly scheduled during the work day. For a typical daytime job, this is lunch, but this may vary for those with other work hours. Lunch breaks allow an employee's energy to replenish.[1] It is not uncommon for this break to be unpaid, and for the entire work day from start to finish to be longer than the number of hours paid in order to accommodate this time.
Contents
1 Break laws
2 Restroom/WC breaks
3 Coffee break
4 Snack breaks
5 Smoking breaks
6 See also
7 References
Break laws[edit]
Modern break laws in the United States stem from labor laws passed between 1935 and 1974. It was during this time that jobs in the U.S. modernized and the country's desire for these laws sparked. In 1938 the Fair Labor Standards Act was passed. This federal statue was implemented in order to protect employees from abuses that had become commonplace during the Great Depression.[2] During this time it was not unusual for companies to work their employees for long hours without a break and to pay them minuscule wages.[2] When the requirements of the Fair Labor Standards Act were finally set in place in 1945, such abuses were outlawed.
According to a study, the amount of time people are taking for lunch breaks in the United States is shrinking, thereby making the term "lunch hour" a misnomer.[3] Some employers request the lunch to be taken at their work station or do not offer lunch breaks at all. Many employees are taking shorter lunch breaks in order to compete with other employees for a better position, and to show their productivity.[4]
As of 2017, twenty-six states in the United States do not carry break laws in their legislature, such as Texas and Florida.[5] The state of California requires that both meal and rest breaks be given to employees; workers in New York must be given meal breaks, but rest breaks are not required.[5]
In some U.S. states, such as the state of California, meal breaks are legally mandated.[3] Penalties can be severe for failing to adequately staff one's business premises so that all employees can rotate through their mandatory meal and rest breaks. For example, on April 16, 2007, the Supreme Court of California unanimously affirmed a trial court judgment requiring Kenneth Cole Productions to pay an additional hour of pay for each day that a store manager had been forced to work a nine-hour shift without a break.[6] On April 12, 2012 the Supreme Court of California issued its long-awaited opinion in Brinker Restaurant Corp., et al. v. Superior Court.,[7] which addressed a number of issues that have been the subject of much litigation in California for many years. The California Supreme court ruled that employers satisfy their California Labor Code section 512 obligation to "provide" meal periods to nonexempt employees by (1) relieving employees of all duty; (2) relinquishing control over their activities and permitting them a reasonable opportunity to take an uninterrupted 30-minute break; and (3) not impeding or discouraging them from doing so. Importantly, the court agreed that employers are not obliged to "police" meal breaks to ensure that no work is performed. Even if an employee chooses to work during a properly provided meal period, an employer will not be liable for any premium pay, and will only be liable to pay for the time worked during a meal period so long as the employer knew or reasonably should have known that the employee was working during the meal period.[8]
Restroom/WC breaks[edit]
A short break to allow an employee to use a restroom or WC and will generally last less than 10 minutes. Many employers expect their employees to use the facilities during their regularly scheduled breaks and lunches. Denying employees rights to use the facilities as needed could adversely affect workplace sanitation and workers' health and could create legal issues for both these and other reasons.[9] Employers and co-workers often frown on employees who are seen as taking too many of these breaks, and this could be a cause for progressive discipline from a written warning up to termination. In today's setting however, restroom breaks are generally accepted and not tracked by employers. February In 2017, an official in Övertorneå Municipality, Sweden proposed an hour-long break for sexual activity.[10]
Coffee break[edit]
Coffee break area
For more see article on Coffee culture.
A coffee break in the United States and elsewhere is a short mid-morning rest period granted to employees in business and industry, corresponding with the Commonwealth terms "elevenses", "smoko" (in Australia), "morning tea", "tea break", or even just "tea". An afternoon coffee break, or afternoon tea, often occurs as well.
The origin of the tea break as is now incorporated into the law of most countries, stems from research undertaken in England in the early 1900s. A F Stanley Kent, an Oxford graduate and the first Professor of Physiology at University College, Bristol, undertook scientific research on Industrial Fatigue at the request of the Home Office (UK). This work followed the International Congress of Hygiene and Demography held in Brussels in 1903 where a resolution was passed that "the various governments should facilitate as far as possible investigation into the subject of Industrial Fatigue". This was due to its noted bearing on incidence of accidents and excessive sickness. The monotony of work and the effect of alcohol on muscular activity and mental fatigue were also mentioned. The Tea Break came as a direct result of this work.
When Kent was sent by the Home Secretary to stop wartime munitions production as a trial to test the effect of a tea break on productivity, the factory manager refused on the grounds that he had a production schedule within which he must comply. Meeting this challenge, Kent showed the letter from the Home Secretary and observed that if necessary he would have the police called to arrest the manager who blocked the Home Office directive. The results of Kent's study were presented to both Houses of Parliament on 17 August 1915 in an "Interim Report on Industrial Fatigue by Physiological Methods". It was the first time that the government had owned and operated factories and therefore had the right to intervene in their operational methods. Again presenting to both Houses of Parliament on 16 August 1916, Kent read from his "Blue Book" that during his research it had been "possible to obtain information upon...such [matters] as the need to provide canteens in munitions factories, the question of proper feeding of the factory worker, provision of accommodation in factories for the changing and drying of shoes and clothing, and the proper use of appliances provided for ventilating the work-rooms".[11]
The coffee break allegedly originated in the late 19th century in Stoughton, Wisconsin, with the wives of Norwegian immigrants. The city celebrates this every year with the Stoughton Coffee Break Festival.[12] In 1951, Time noted that "[s]ince the war, the coffee break has been written into union contracts".[13] The term subsequently became popular through a Pan-American Coffee Bureau ad campaign of 1952 which urged consumers, "Give yourself a Coffee-Break — and Get What Coffee Gives to You."[14] John B. Watson, a behavioral psychologist who worked with Maxwell House later in his career, helped to popularize coffee breaks within the American culture.[15]
Coffee breaks usually last from 10 to 20 minutes and frequently occur at the end of the first third of the work shift. In some companies and some civil service, the coffee break may be observed formally at a set hour. In some places, a "cart" with hot and cold beverages and cakes, breads and pastries arrives at the same time morning and afternoon, an employer may contract with an outside caterer for daily service, or coffee breaks may take place away from the actual work-area in a designated cafeteria or tea room.
More generally, the phrase "coffee break" has also come to denote any break from work.
Snack breaks[edit]
Snack breaks are usually shorter than meal breaks, and allow an employee to have a quick snack, or to accomplish other personal needs. Similar types of breaks include restroom and smoke breaks. These breaks are also required in the state of California; one 10-15 minute break for every 3.5 hours worked. A few other states have similar laws, but most do not.[citation needed] Some employers allow employees to stop their work for short durations at any time to take care of these needs.
Smoking breaks[edit]
Many companies in the 21st century do not allow smoking on their property, although some employers allow workers to leave the premises to smoke, and some jurisdictions have laws prohibiting smoking in an enclosed place where others are employed. Smoke breaks can be of different lengths but for the most part are shorter than lunch breaks. Some employers are very strict about smoking. A criticism of smoking breaks is that non-smoking employees do not receive the small respite because they simply do not smoke. To certain working environments, however, smoking breaks are widely accepted and seen by some as a good way to network with colleagues (and the management).
See also[edit]
Coffee portal
Booster breaks in the workplace
Builder's tea, a type of strong tea in a mug associated with work breaks
Fika (coffee break)
Tea lady
Workplace strategy
References[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Breaks (time).
Jump up ^ "Recovery during Lunch Breaks: Testing Long-Term Relations with Energy Levels at Work". Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology.
^ Jump up to: a b "Fair Labor Standards Act". Encyclopedia.com.
^ Jump up to: a b Armour, Stephanie (2006-06-12). "Lunch break: Yeah, right". USA Today.
Jump up ^ "Why the lunch break is going extinct - Careers - MSNBC.com". MSNBC. 2007-08-20. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
^ Jump up to: a b "State Laws on Meal and Rest Breaks". Workplace Fairness.
Jump up ^ Murphy v. Kenneth Cole Productions, Inc. 40 Cal. 4th 1094 (2007).
Jump up ^ Brinker Restaurant Corp., et al. v. Superior Court.(Hohnbaum), No. S166350 (Apr. 12, 2012)[permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "California Supreme Court Clarifies Meal and Rest Break Obligations". The National Law Review. Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP. 2012-04-12. Retrieved 2012-04-26.
Jump up ^ "What Breaks (Rest, Snack, Meals, Smoking, Health, Etc.) Am I Entitled To under FLSA (the Fair Labor Standards Act)?". Ehso.com. 2008-02-21. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
Jump up ^ "Swedish town pitches taking a paid break for sex". seattletimes.com. 23 February 2017.
Jump up ^ This history can be verified in Hansard and also through the publication The Black Bag (Journal of the Medical Faculty of Bristol University: Vol IX NO 2. Spring Term 1953) honouring Dr Kent as he approached his 90th birthday.
Jump up ^ "Stoughton, WI - Where the Coffee Break Originated". www.stoughtonwi.com. Stoughton, Wisconsin Chamber of Commerce. Archived from the original on 2009-05-20. Retrieved 2009-06-11. Mr. Osmund Gunderson decided to ask the Norwegian wives, who lived just up the hill from his warehouse, if they would come and help him sort the tobacco. The women agreed, as long as they could have a break in the morning and another in the afternoon, to go home and tend to their chores. Of course, this also meant they were free to have a cup of coffee from the pot that was always hot on the stove. Mr. Gunderson agreed and with this simple habit, the coffee break was born.
Jump up ^ "Time - March 1951". Time. 1951-03-05.
Jump up ^ "The Coffee break". npr.org. 2002-12-02. Archived from the original on May 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-06-10. Wherever the coffee break originated, Stamberg says, it may not actually have been called a coffee break until 1952. That year, a Pan-American Coffee Bureau ad campaign urged consumers, 'Give yourself a Coffee-Break -- and Get What Coffee Gives to You.'
Jump up ^ Other historians accredit the conception of the Coffee Break to John Catrone, an electrician, who coined the phrase while working in Revere, Massachusetts in the 1950s. Hunt, Morton M. (1993). The story of psychology (1st ed.). New York: Doubleday. p. 260. ISBN 0-385-24762-1. [work] for Maxwell House that helped make the 'coffee break' an American custom in offices, factories, and homes.
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