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Jean Valjean
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This article is about the fictional character in Victor Hugo's novel Les Misérables and its various adaptations. For the novel by Solomon Cleaver, see Jean Val Jean.
"24601" redirects here. For the asteroid, see 24601 Valjean. For the ZIP code, see Amonate, Virginia.
Jean Valjean
Les Misérables character
Jean Valjean disguised as Monsieur Madeleine. Illustration by Gustave Brion.
Created by
Victor Hugo
Information
Full name
Jean Valjean
Nickname(s)
Monsieur Leblanc
Aliases
Monsieur Madeleine
Ultime Fauchelevent
Urbain Fabre
Prisoner 24601
Prisoner 9430
Gender
Male
Occupation
Tree pruner
Convict
Businessman
Mayor of Montreuil-sur-Mer
Family
Jean Valjean Sr. (father)
Jeanne Mathieu (mother)
Jeanne (sister)
Unnamed brother
Seven unnamed nieces and nephews
Children
Cosette (surrogate daughter; no legal or blood relation)
Relatives
Unnamed brother-in-law
Marius Pontmercy (adoptive son-in-law)
Religion
Roman Catholic
Nationality
French
Born
1769
Death
1833 (aged 64)
Jean Valjean is the protagonist of Victor Hugo's 1862 novel Les Misérables. Hugo depicts the character's 19-year-long struggle to lead a normal life after serving a prison sentence for stealing bread to feed his sister's children during a time of economic depression and various attempts to escape from prison. Valjean is also known in the novel as Monsieur Madeleine, Ultime Fauchelevent, Monsieur Leblanc, and Urbain Fabre.
Valjean and Police Inspector Javert, who repeatedly encounters Valjean and attempts to return him to prison, have become archetypes in literary culture. In the popular imagination, the character of Jean Valjean came to represent both Hugo himself and leftist sentiment. In 1871, when Hugo was living in Brussels during the radical revolt known as the Paris Commune, anti-revolutionary mobs attacked his house and broke windows shouting "Down with Jean Valjean!"[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Outline of the novel
2 Jean Valjean in the novel
2.1 Part One: Fantine
2.2 Part Two: Cosette
2.3 Part Three: Marius
2.4 Part Four: Saint-Denis
2.5 Part Five: Valjean
3 Hugo's sources
4 Jean Valjean in the musical
4.1 Differences in the musical
5 Adaptations
6 References
7 External links
Outline of the novel[edit]
As a parolee, Valjean is issued a yellow passport with marching orders to Pontarlier, where he will be forced to live under severe restrictions. This document, often called a "passeport jaune" (yellow passport), identifies him to all as a former convict and immediately brands Valjean an outcast wherever he travels. Bishop Myriel of Digne, from whom he steals valuable silverware, tells the police that he has given the treasure to Valjean. Out of this encounter, Valjean becomes a repentant, honorable, and dignified man. He becomes kind, a devoted father-figure to a girl who loses her mother, Fantine, and a benefactor to those in need. Though a known criminal and a parolee, Valjean yet grows morally to represent the best traits of humanity. Despite being classified as a criminal outcast, Valjean maintains the highest of human virtues and ethics.
His antithesis, Javert, a dedicated and capable police officer, occupies a place of honor in society. The relationship of Javert and Valjean develops as a binary opposition between law and love. Javert sees Valjean only as the convict he once was, rather than the benefactor of humanity he has become. Javert's struggle against this dichotomy leads to his eventual suicide.
Jean Valjean in the novel[edit]
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Part One: Fantine[edit]
After devoting the novel's opening chapters to Bishop Myriel, a kind-hearted old clergyman in the town of Digne, Hugo, without any transition, launches into the story of Valjean. He is a strange man, who arrives one October evening in Digne, searches for a place to stay the night and is turned away. At last he is taken in by the bishop, who trusts him, feeds him supper, and gives him a bed for the night. Hugo then details Valjean's background. He was born sometime in 1769 in a small town and orphaned as a child. He became a pruner and helped support his widowed sister and her seven children. In the winter of 1795, when resources were scarce, Valjean stole a loaf of bread from a local baker by breaking the window. He was caught and imprisoned for five years in the Bagne of Toulon, the Toulon prison. He attempted to escape four times, and each time his sentence was lengthened by three years; he also received an extra two years for once resisting recapture during his second escape. After nineteen years in prison, he was released, but by law must carry a yellow passport that announces he is an ex-convict.
During the night, he awakens and steals the bishop's silverware and silver plates, and runs off. He is arrested and brought back to the bishop. However, the Bishop admonishes Valjean (in front of the police) for forgetting to also take the silver candlesticks that he'd given Valjean, reminding Valjean of his "promise" to use the silver to become an honest man, claiming to have bought Valjean's soul with it, withdrawing it from evil and giving it to God. Despite the Bishop's words, we later find that the police mark the event down in Valjean's permanent record.
Bewildered and not understanding what the bishop is talking about, Jean Valjean heads instead back out into the nearby mountains and meets a young traveling worker from Savoy named Petit Gervais. Valjean places his foot on a coin that Petit Gervais drops, then refuses to return it, despite Gervais' protests, and threatens to beat him. When the boy flees the scene and Valjean comes to his senses, remembering what the bishop told him, he is ashamed of what he has done and searches for the boy in vain.
Hugo introduces Fantine and explains how she came to be abandoned by her child's father. In late 1815, Jean Valjean, now using the name Madeleine, arrives in Montreuil-sur-Mer. He revolutionizes the town's manufacturing and earns a fortune, which he spends mostly for the town's good, paying for the maintenance (including required staff) of hospital beds, orphanages and schools. He is appointed mayor after refusing the first time. He declines the king's offer to make him a Knight of the Legion of Honor.
Madeleine saves an old man named Fauchelevent from death. Fauchelevent had fallen beneath his wagon just as it started settling into the mire and his horse broke its thighs. Javert, who witnessed the rescue, tells Madeleine that he once knew a very strong man, back when Javert had worked guarding prisoners, who had climbed under a mast like the wagon and raised it on his back. Valjean offered to pay anyone who could raise the wagon but when nobody wanted to risk their life climbing under the wagon and the wagon started settling faster than the jack would get there, he jumped down into the mud and lifted the wagon off Fauchelevent. Since Fauchelevent had earlier lost his business and now had a broken kneecap, Valjean arranged a job at a convent for Fauchelevent. Jean Valjean also bought the broken cart and horse as an excuse to give Fauchelevent money.
Later, Javert arrests Fantine, who has become a prostitute, when he saw her spit and try to hit a bourgeois named Bamatabois, who had taunted Fantine and thrown snow down her dress while she walked back and forth trying to get business. Valjean had seen the whole thing and knew that Bamatabois should have been the one arrested and ordered Fantine free. Javert knew only what he'd seen and was furious with Valjean for interfering with police work. When Valjean orders Javert to leave in front of Javert's squad, Javert leaves and denounces "Madeleine" to the prefect of police at Paris, saying that he suspects Madeleine is Valjean. Javert is told that he must be incorrect because the "real" Jean Valjean (who is in reality Champmathieu) had just been found.
Valjean takes Fantine to the local hospital (which is on the side of the mayor's house) and has her cared for. He learns of Cosette, Fantine's daughter, and tries to pay off the Thénardiers (who are abusing Cosette).
Javert then apologizes to "M. Madeleine", and tells him that the "real" Jean Valjean has been found and is to be tried the next day. Javert also asks that he be dismissed in disgrace by Valjean from his job for acting out of revenge incorrectly, saying that since he had been hard on others he could not be less harsh on himself but after Valjean repeatedly refuses, Javert says he will continue acting as police chief until a replacement can be found.
It is only here that the novel finally reveals Madeleine to be Valjean, a fact which was heavily foreshadowed before.
The death of Fantine; Valjean (as Monsieur Madeleine) closes her eyes.
That night, Valjean has a terrific struggle within himself, but finally decides to go to the trial and reveal his identity in order to free Champmathieu (for, if he gave himself up, who would care for Fantine or rescue Cosette?). He gives his evidence and proves that he is the real Jean Valjean, but nobody wants to arrest him, so Valjean says that they know where to find him and he returns to Montreuil-sur-Mer. The judge at the trial, although quite impressed with M. Madeleine's work and reputation, is shocked that Valjean, while mentioning a date that another convict had tattooed on himself (in order to prove that M. Madeleine was actually Jean Valjean) called Napoleon Bonaparte "the Emperor" instead of "Bonaparte" and orders Valjean arrested for the 40-sous theft. Javert comes to arrest him the next day while Valjean is in Fantine's room. Valjean asks for three days to get Cosette from Montfermeil and give her to Fantine before he is arrested and Javert refuses, saying that it would be too easy for Valjean to escape. Fantine (who'd been told by the doctors that Valjean, who'd been at the trial, had been getting her daughter) was shocked to find that her daughter was not there already and that her savior was being arrested, and died of shock (her body had been greatly weakened by her poor living conditions and long illness, probably tuberculosis).
Valjean allows Javert to arrest him, but quickly escapes. It is hinted that Valjean escaped with the help of a file hidden in a coin, an item he is later proved to possess. Valjean returns to his house to pack his clothes and hides behind the door when Javert comes looking for him. Sister Simplice, one of the hospital nuns, who had a reputation for never having told a lie in her life, twice lied to Javert that there was nobody there but her to protect Valjean. Javert believed her and left, giving Valjean an opportunity to escape the town.
Part Two: Cosette[edit]
A short chapter, mainly consisting of two newspaper articles, informs the reader, that Jean Valjean has been re-arrested while getting into the stagecoach to Montfermeil (on his way to get Fantine's eight-year-old daughter, Cosette, whom he had promised to rescue). In July 1823, he was condemned to death for the 40-sous theft and the escape from the jail in Montreuil-sur-Mer, as the prosecutor claims that Valjean was part of a gang of street robbers and the latter refuses to defend himself. His sentence was graciously reduced by the king to only life in prison instead of death. Before he was captured, Jean Valjean had already traveled near to Montfermeil and buried all the money he'd saved as M. Madeleine—a chapter tells of a worker in Montfermeil, a former Toulon convict, who claims having seen, according to a local fairy tale, the devil burying his treasure in the forest. No further explanation is ever given as to why, having buried his money near Montfermeil, Valjean had traveled back to Paris and then attempted to travel back to Montfermeil.
Valjean was assigned a new number of 9430, but escapes from a sailing vessel after only a few months' imprisonment, on 16 November 1823, by apparently falling into the sea after a daring rescue of a sailor who had gotten stuck in a dangerous situation up in the ship's rigging. Thereafter he is officially presumed dead.
Valjean goes to Montfermeil, where he meets Cosette alone in the forest on Christmas Eve 1823. He accompanies her back to the inn; and watches that evening as the Thénardiers mistreat her very badly. He sees the Thénardiers' daughters Éponine and Azelma acting unkindly to her as well, tattling on her to their mother when she tries to play with their temporarily abandoned doll. After seeing this, Valjean briefly leaves the inn and returns with a beautiful new doll to give to Cosette, which she happily accepts. This makes Mme. Thénardier furious with Valjean, affronted that he would do such a thing for Cosette instead of her own daughters. M. Thénardier tells her that Valjean can do as he wishes as long as he pays them. That evening, Mme. Thénardier insists that Cosette will be turned out onto the street the next day.
The next morning, Christmas Day, Valjean offers to take Cosette with him. Mme. Thénardier immediately accepts, but M. Thénardier haggles for a compensation and gets 1500 francs in the end. Valjean takes Cosette with him. Only now does the book confirm that the mysterious man Cosette met is actually Jean Valjean. M. Thénardier is soon overcome with grief at having sold Cosette too cheaply and runs after them. When M. Thénardier demands more money, Valjean gives him the note Fantine signed before she died, saying that the bearer of the note was authorized to take Cosette. M. Thénardier tries to continue following Valjean, but is soon frightened back to the inn.
Valjean takes Cosette to Paris, where they live in No. 50-52 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, in the so-called "Gorbeau House." They cannot live calmly for long—in Spring 1824, Javert, who has been promoted to the police in Paris, finds the house. He has heard of a "kidnapping" from Montfermeil and remembers Valjean's request of three days. He has also heard of a man, poorly dressed, who gives money to other poor people, the "beggar who gives alms", who had a granddaughter with him and who has been heard to say that she came from Montfermeil. Javert goes undercover, discovers that it is Jean Valjean, and makes plans to arrest him.
Valjean recognizes Javert, and taking Cosette, walks out of the house and leaves. They barely manage to get away from Javert, who allowed Valjean to leave the house, believing that Valjean would take him to meet other criminals. Valjean managed to steal a rope from a streetlamp, climb a wall to a convent and pull Cosette up after him. They then climbed down a shed roof into a garden. it turned out that this was the convent where Fauchelevent worked, who wanted to return the favor and save Valjean's life this time. After almost burying Valjean alive in a scheme to get him out of the convent so that he could openly walk back into the convent, Fauchelevent was able to bring in his "brother" Ultimas (fr. Ultime) Fauchelevent (the real name of Fauchelevent's deceased brother). Cosette was admitted to the convent school.
Part Three: Marius[edit]
During this whole part, Valjean and Cosette are unnamed, as the action is seen from Marius Pontmercy's point of view. They are only described as a father and daughter, whom Marius notices on his daily walks in the Jardin du Luxembourg. He ignores them at first, but later he and Cosette fall in love. Marius stalks the two until Valjean is alerted that someone is stalking them and moves from his house in Rue de l'Ouest (today Rue d'Assas).
They meet again by pure luck, six months later: Valjean is known for his generosity. As "the generous man from the St-Étienne-church", Thénardier, Marius' neighbour, asks for charity. He recognises Valjean and decides to build a trap for him. Marius, overhearing the plans, denounces the plot to the police, unfortunately meeting Javert. Valjean walks right into the trap and attempts to escape Thénardier once he realises this. Thénardier forces Valjean to write a letter to Cosette, instructing her to come with the bearer. Valjean, however, gives Thénardier a false name and address and manages to free himself of the ropes tying him with the help of a file concealed in a coin, which is found afterwards. He berates the gang for thinking that they could force him to tell something he does not want to tell and burns his own left forearm with the poker Thénardier had used to threaten him before surrendering to the gang. It is at that moment that Javert enters the scene. Valjean manages to escape before the latter recognises him.
Part Four: Saint-Denis[edit]
Only now do we learn about Valjean's and Cosette's life during the last years: They lived in the convent until Fauchelevent's death, and left in 1829; Cosette is fourteen years old. Valjean buys three houses (so that he will always have somewhere to flee to) in Rue de l'Ouest (today Rue D'Assas), Rue Plumet (today Rue Oudinot) and No. 7 Rue de l'Homme-Armé (today 40, rue des Archives), mostly living in Rue Plumet.
Valjean does not know that Cosette returns Marius' love and does not understand why Cosette seems less attached to "her grandfather" than before. He is happy to see that the brand wound he got during the attack makes her worry and care for him more. During one of their walks, they witness the passing of a chain gang being taken from Paris south. The event leaves a profound impression on Cosette and makes Valjean even more determined to stop his daughter from learning about his past.
Marius, through Éponine, finds Cosette, stalks her house, leaves his daily love journal for her to find then one evening leaps over the gate and surprises her in the garden. They begin meeting every evening to gaze into each other's eyes. But it is also Éponine, jealous, who throws Valjean an anonymous note, telling him to move. Valjean, feeling threatened since the incident with Thénardier and since he believes there has been a man hiding in his garden, decides to move to England. He takes Cosette to the house in the Rue de l'Homme-Armé. This takes places during the first days of June 1832.
It is only there that he learns of Cosette's love for Marius when a young boy (Gavroche) delivers a letter from Marius to Cosette, which mentions that Marius is at the barricade and will die as he promised her, since she left without a forwarding address. Valjean has another long inward struggle, at first feeling relief about Marius' certain death, then guilt about his former feeling. He joins the rebellion without an actual decision about his following actions.
Part Five: Valjean[edit]
Valjean rescues Marius through the sewers. Illustration by Mead Schaeffer
Valjean plays his part in the insurrection and proves an excellent shot. To thank him, Enjolras, the barricade's leader, offers him anything he wants. Valjean asks that he be allowed to kill Javert, who has been captured as a spy. The request is granted and Valjean takes Javert out of sight to kill him but instead of executing him, sets him free, though Javert warns that he will still be bound to arrest Valjean. Valjean agrees and gives Javert his address. After Valjean releases Javert, the fighters on the barricades are all killed with the exception of Marius, whom Valjean carries to safety through miles of Parisian sewers. Valjean finds the sewer exit to the Grand-Caillou locked. Thénardier is there and has the key. He offers Valjean the key in return for payment, believing that Valjean had killed Marius for his money. Valjean gives the few sous he has to Thénardier and unlocks the sewer gate and encounters Javert, now returned to duty and in pursuit of Thénardier. Valjean requests that Javert help him carry Marius to safety and Javert summons his carriage. Valjean asks permission to return home to say goodbye to Cosette and Javert agrees, saying that he will wait out front. As he walks up the stairs, Valjean looks out the window and notices that Javert is gone. Javert confronts his life spent in pursuit of a criminal who has demonstrated a sense of justice outside of the one that Javert has upheld his entire life. Unable to accept this, he commits suicide.
After recovering from his injuries, Marius receives permission from his grandfather to marry Cosette and they wed. The day after the wedding, Valjean reveals to Marius that he is an ex-convict. Marius, horrified, assumes the worst about Valjean's character and begins pushing him out of Cosette's life. After this, Valjean's previously habitual visits to Cosette at Marius' grandfather's house become shorter and shorter, until he ceases to visit at all, having become bedridden with loss of will to live. Some time after he stops coming, Thénardier visits Marius and claims that Valjean is a murderer and shows Marius several newspaper articles to prove this. Marius sees through Thénardier's disguise and, in an attempt to show Marius something that he does not already know, Thénardier shows newspaper clippings proving that M. Madeleine and Jean Valjean are the same person, and that Javert committed suicide. Marius is then told that Valjean was the man who had "assassinated" one of Marius' relatives, carrying the body through the sewers on 6 June. Realizing that Thénardier had seen Valjean saving him, Marius finishes with Thénardier and hurries with Cosette to Valjean's flat. Unfortunately, they are too late and find Valjean is dying. Valjean makes peace with Marius, with whom he had uneasy relations, and tells Cosette the name of her mother, Fantine. He dies content, under the light of the Bishop's candlesticks, and it is stated that an angel awaits to carry his soul to Heaven. He is buried in an unmarked grave, per his request, after death. Only these four lines appear on the gravestone:
Il dort. Quoique le sort fût pour lui bien étrange,
Il vivait. Il mourut quand il n'eut plus son ange ;
La chose simplement d'elle-même arriva,
Comme la nuit se fait lorsque le jour s'en va.
Translation:
He sleeps. Although his fate was very strange,
He lived. He died when he no longer had his angel.
The thing came to pass simply, of itself,
As the night comes when day is gone.[2]
Hugo's sources[edit]
Eugene Vidocq, whose career provided a model for the character of Jean Valjean
Valjean's character is loosely based on the life of Eugène François Vidocq, an ex-convict who became a successful businessman widely noted for his social engagement and philanthropy. Vidocq helped Hugo with his research for Claude Gueux and Le Dernier jour d'un condamné (The Last Day of a Condemned Man).[citation needed] In 1828, Vidocq, already pardoned saved one of the workers in his paper factory by lifting a heavy cart on his shoulders as Valjean does.[3] Hugo's description of Valjean rescuing a sailor on the Orion drew almost word for word on a friend's letter describing such an incident.[citation needed] On 22 February 1846, when he had begun work on the novel, Hugo witnessed the arrest of a bread thief while a Duchess and her child watched the scene pitilessly from their coach.[4]
The revolt of the university students is based on the 1832 June Rebellion.
Jean Valjean in the musical[edit]
See also: Songs from Les Misérables
John Owen-Jones as Jean Valjean
Differences in the musical[edit]
See also: Synopsis of the musical
Javert frequently refers to Jean Valjean as "Prisoner 24601", which is never done in the book. The number only appears twice in the novel, and is never spoken by Javert.
Valjean's assumed name, Monsieur Madeleine, is used in the original French language concept album, but not in the later English version of the musical, where he is only called Monsieur le maire (Mr. Mayor). In the 2012 film adaptation of the musical, the factory foreman breaks up the fight between Fantine and the factory workers, announcing "Monsieur Madeleine's here!". The assumed name can also be seen on the door of his office.
In the novel, Valjean is arrested for the second time after confessing to be a parole-breaker in court. Javert later chases him for escaping prison. In the musical, Valjean neither gets arrested again nor escapes from prison.
Valjean and Cosette do not live in Gorbeau House and take refuge from Javert in a convent in the musical version, but the 2012 movie depicts Valjean inadvertently entering the convent with Cosette while escaping Javert, where he then encounters Fauchelevent. The Gorbeau House episode with the Thenardiers is also omitted in the musical and film adaptation. Instead, Thenardier lures Valjean into a trap on the streets with his gang and later attempts to rob him in his house, which is located on Rue Plumet.
In Act 2, The First Attack, Valjean shoots a sniper who is attempting to kill Enjolras. It is unclear in the musical (due to the sniper being off stage) whether Valjean actually shoots the sniper or if he shoots the sniper's helmet to prevent him from killing Enjolras. In the novel, he shoots only at soldiers' helmets while at the barricade and purposely does not kill anyone.
Valjean reveals his past to Marius before Marius and Cosette's wedding, and he also does not attend it. In the book, he does attend the wedding and confesses to Marius afterwards.
Adaptations[edit]
Main article: Adaptations of Les Misérables
Since the original publication of Les Misérables in 1862, the character of Jean Valjean has been in a large number of adaptations in numerous types of media based on the novel, such as books, films,[5] musicals, plays and games.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Behr, Edward (1989). The Complete Book of Les Misérables. NY: Arcade. p. 24.
Jump up ^ "Chapter VI. The Grass Covers and the Rain Effaces". Les Misérables on The Literature Network. Jalic Inc. 2015.
Jump up ^ Morton, James (2004). The First Detective: The Life and Revolutionary Times of Vidocq, Criminal, Spy and Private Eye. NY: Overlook Press. pp. ??.
Jump up ^ Victor Hugo, Choses vues: nouvelle série (Paris: Calman Lévy, 1900), 129–30
Jump up ^ Jean Valjean (Character) at the Internet Movie Database
External links[edit]
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Les Misérables
Jean Valjean (Character) at the Internet Movie Database
Search for Jean Valjean at the Internet Broadway Database
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Les Misérables by Victor Hugo
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List of Super Bowl champions
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Super Bowl is an annual American football game that determines the champion of the National Football League (NFL). The game culminates a season that begins in the previous calendar year, and is the conclusion of the NFL playoffs. The contest is held in an American city, chosen three to four years beforehand,[1] usually at warm-weather sites or domed stadiums.[2] Since January 1971, the winner of the American Football Conference (AFC) Championship Game has faced the winner of the National Football Conference (NFC) Championship Game in the culmination of the NFL playoffs.
The Packers defeated the Chiefs in the first AFL–NFL Championship Game (Super Bowl I)
Before the 1970 merger between the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL), the two leagues met in four such contests. The first two were known as the "AFL–NFL World Championship Game". Super Bowl III in January 1969 was the first such game that carried the "Super Bowl" moniker, the names "Super Bowl I" and "Super Bowl II" were only retroactively applied to the first two games.[3] The NFC/NFL leads in Super Bowl wins with 26, while the AFC/AFL has won 25. Nineteen different franchises, including teams that relocated to another city, have won the Super Bowl.[4]
The Pittsburgh Steelers (6–2) have won the most Super Bowls with six championships, while the New England Patriots (5-4), the Dallas Cowboys (5–3), and the San Francisco 49ers (5–1) have five wins. New England has the most Super Bowl appearances with nine, while the Buffalo Bills (0–4) have the most consecutive appearances with four losses in a row from 1990 to 1993. The Miami Dolphins are the only other team to have at least three consecutive appearances: 1972–74. The Denver Broncos (3–5) have lost a record five Super Bowls. The New England Patriots (5–4), the Minnesota Vikings (0–4), and the Bills have lost four. The record for consecutive wins is two and is shared by seven franchises: the 1966–67 Green Bay Packers, the 1972–73 Miami Dolphins, the 1974–75 and 1978–79 Pittsburgh Steelers (the only team to accomplish this feat twice), the 1988–89 San Francisco 49ers, the 1992–93 Dallas Cowboys, the 1997–98 Denver Broncos, and the 2003–04 New England Patriots. Among those, Dallas (1992–93; 1995) and New England (2001; 2003–04) are the only teams to win three out of four consecutive Super Bowls. The 1972 Dolphins capped off the only perfect season in NFL history with their victory in Super Bowl VII. The only team with multiple Super Bowl appearances and no losses is the Baltimore Ravens, who in winning Super Bowl XLVII defeated and replaced the 49ers in that position. Four current NFL teams have never appeared in a Super Bowl, including franchise relocations and renaming: the Cleveland Browns, Detroit Lions, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Houston Texans, though both the Browns (1964) and Lions (1957) had won NFL championship games prior to the creation of the Super Bowl.
Contents
[hide]
1 Super Bowl Championship (1966–present)
1.1 Consecutive winners
2 Super Bowl appearances by team
2.1 Teams with no Super Bowl appearances
2.2 Teams with Super Bowl appearances but no victories
2.3 Teams with long Super Bowl droughts
2.4 Super Bowl rematches
3 See also
4 Notes
5 References
6 External links
Super Bowl Championship (1966–present)
Numbers in parentheses in the table are Super Bowl appearances as of the date of that Super Bowl and are used as follows:
Winning team and losing team columns indicate the number of times that team has appeared in a Super Bowl as well as each respective teams' Super Bowl record to date.
Venue column indicates number of times that stadium has hosted a Super Bowl.
City column indicates number of times that metropolitan area has hosted a Super Bowl.
National Football League (NFL, 1967–1970)
American Football League (AFL, 1967–1970)
NFL champion‡
(4, 2–2) AFL champion^
(4, 2–2)
National Football Conference (NFC, 1971–present)
American Football Conference (AFC, 1971–present)
NFC champion*
(47, 24–23) AFC champion†
(47, 23–24)
Game
Date
Winning team
Score
Losing team
Venue
City
Attendance
Ref
01 !I 000000001967-01-15-0000January 15, 1967 Green Bay Packers 01 !Green Bay Packers‡
(1, 1–0) 3510 !35–10 Kansas City Chiefs 01 !Kansas City Chiefs^
(1, 0–1) Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum 01 !Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Los Angeles, California 01 !Los Angeles[note 1] 061946 !61,946 [10]
02 !II 000000001968-01-14-0000January 14, 1968 Green Bay Packers 02 !Green Bay Packers‡
(2, 2–0) 3314 !33–14 Oakland Raiders 01 !Oakland Raiders^
(1, 0–1) Miami Orange Bowl 01 !Miami Orange Bowl Miami, Florida 01 !Miami[note 2] 075546 !75,546 [11]
03 !III 000000001969-01-12-0000January 12, 1969 New York Jets 01 !New York Jets^
(1, 1–0) 1607 !16–7 Indianapolis Colts 01 !Baltimore Colts‡
(1, 0–1) Miami Orange Bowl 02 !Miami Orange Bowl (2) Miami, Florida 02 !Miami (2)[note 2] 075389 !75,389 [12]
04 !IV 000000001970-01-11-0000January 11, 1970 Kansas City Chiefs 02 !Kansas City Chiefs^
(2, 1–1) 2307 !23–7 Minnesota Vikings 01 !Minnesota Vikings‡
(1, 0–1) Tulane Stadium 01 !Tulane Stadium New Orleans, Louisiana 01 !New Orleans 080562 !80,562 [13]
05 !V 000000001971-01-17-0000January 17, 1971 Indianapolis Colts 02 !Baltimore Colts†
(2, 1–1) 1613 !16–13 Dallas Cowboys 01 !Dallas Cowboys*
(1, 0–1) Miami Orange Bowl 03 !Miami Orange Bowl (3) Miami, Florida 03 !Miami (3)[note 2] 079204 !79,204 [14]
06 !VI 000000001972-01-16-0000January 16, 1972 Dallas Cowboys 02 !Dallas Cowboys*
(2, 1–1) 2403 !24–3 Miami Dolphins 01 !Miami Dolphins†
(1, 0–1) Tulane Stadium 02 !Tulane Stadium (2) New Orleans, Louisiana 02 !New Orleans (2) 081023 !81,023 [15]
07 !VII 000000001973-01-14-0000January 14, 1973 Miami Dolphins 02 !Miami Dolphins†
(2, 1–1) 1407 !14–7 Washington Redskins 01 !Washington Redskins*
(1, 0–1) Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum 02 !Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (2) Los Angeles, California 02 !Los Angeles (2)[note 1] 090182 !90,182 [16]
08 !VIII 000000001974-01-13-0000January 13, 1974 Miami Dolphins 03 !Miami Dolphins†
(3, 2–1) 2407 !24–7 Minnesota Vikings 02 !Minnesota Vikings*
(2, 0–2) Rice Stadium 01 !Rice Stadium Houston, Texas 01 !Houston 071882 !71,882 [17]
09 !IX 000000001975-01-12-0000January 12, 1975 Pittsburgh Steelers 01 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(1, 1–0) 1606 !16–6 Minnesota Vikings 03 !Minnesota Vikings*
(3, 0–3) Tulane Stadium 03 !Tulane Stadium (3) New Orleans, Louisiana 03 !New Orleans (3) 080997 !80,997 [18]
10 !X 000000001976-01-18-0000January 18, 1976 Pittsburgh Steelers 02 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(2, 2–0) 2117 !21–17 Dallas Cowboys 03 !Dallas Cowboys*
(3, 1–2) Miami Orange Bowl 04 !Miami Orange Bowl (4) Miami, Florida 04 !Miami (4)[note 2] 080187 !80,187 [19]
11 !XI 000000001977-01-09-0000January 9, 1977 Oakland Raiders 02 !Oakland Raiders†
(2, 1–1) 3214 !32–14 Minnesota Vikings 04 !Minnesota Vikings*
(4, 0–4) Rose Bowl 01 !Rose Bowl Los Angeles, California 03 !Pasadena, California (3)[note 1] 103438 !103,438 [20]
12 !XII 000000001978-01-15-0000January 15, 1978 Dallas Cowboys 04 !Dallas Cowboys*
(4, 2–2) 2710 !27–10 Denver Broncos 01 !Denver Broncos†
(1, 0–1) Louisiana Superdome 01 !Louisiana Superdome New Orleans, Louisiana 04 !New Orleans (4) 076400 !76,400 [21]
13 !XIII 000000001979-01-21-0000January 21, 1979 Pittsburgh Steelers 03 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(3, 3–0) 3531 !35–31 Dallas Cowboys 05 !Dallas Cowboys*
(5, 2–3) Miami Orange Bowl 05 !Miami Orange Bowl (5) Miami, Florida 05 !Miami (5)[note 2] 079484 !79,484 [22]
14 !XIV 000000001980-01-20-0000January 20, 1980 Pittsburgh Steelers 04 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(4, 4–0) 3119 !31–19 Los Angeles Rams 01 !Los Angeles Rams*
(1, 0–1) Rose Bowl 02 !Rose Bowl (2) Los Angeles, California 04 !Pasadena, California (4)[note 1] 103985 !103,985 [23]
15 !XV 000000001981-01-25-0000January 25, 1981 Oakland Raiders 03 !Oakland Raiders†
(3, 2–1) 2710 !27–10 Philadelphia Eagles 01 !Philadelphia Eagles*
(1, 0–1) Louisiana Superdome 02 !Louisiana Superdome (2) New Orleans, Louisiana 05 !New Orleans (5) 076135 !76,135 [24]
16 !XVI 000000001982-01-24-0000January 24, 1982 San Francisco 49ers 01 !San Francisco 49ers*
(1, 1–0) 2621 !26–21 Cincinnati Bengals 01 !Cincinnati Bengals†
(1, 0–1) Pontiac Silverdome 01 !Pontiac Silverdome Detroit, Michigan 01 !Pontiac, Michigan[note 1] 081270 !81,270 [25]
17 !XVII 000000001983-01-30-0000January 30, 1983 Washington Redskins 02 !Washington Redskins*
(2, 1–1) 2717 !27–17 Miami Dolphins 04 !Miami Dolphins†
(4, 2–2) Rose Bowl 03 !Rose Bowl (3) Los Angeles, California 05 !Pasadena, California (5)[note 1] 103667 !103,667 [26]
18 !XVIII 000000001984-01-22-0000January 22, 1984 Oakland Raiders 04 !Los Angeles Raiders†
(4, 3–1) 3809 !38–9 Washington Redskins 03 !Washington Redskins*
(3, 1–2) Tampa Stadium 01 !Tampa Stadium Tampa, Florida 01 !Tampa, Florida 072920 !72,920 [27]
19 !XIX 000000001985-01-20-0000January 20, 1985 San Francisco 49ers 02 !San Francisco 49ers*
(2, 2–0) 3816 !38–16 Miami Dolphins 05 !Miami Dolphins†
(5, 2–3) Stanford Stadium 01 !Stanford Stadium San Francisco, California 01 !Stanford, California[note 1] 084059 !84,059 [28]
20 !XX 000000001986-01-26-0000January 26, 1986 Chicago Bears 01 !Chicago Bears*
(1, 1–0) 4610 !46–10 New England Patriots 01 !New England Patriots†
(1, 0–1) Louisiana Superdome 03 !Louisiana Superdome (3) New Orleans, Louisiana 06 !New Orleans (6) 073818 !73,818 [29]
21 !XXI 000000001987-01-25-0000January 25, 1987 New York Giants 01 !New York Giants*
(1, 1–0) 3920 !39–20 Denver Broncos 02 !Denver Broncos†
(2, 0–2) Rose Bowl 04 !Rose Bowl (4) Los Angeles, California 06 !Pasadena, California (6)[note 1] 101063 !101,063 [30]
22 !XXII 000000001988-01-31-0000January 31, 1988 Washington Redskins 04 !Washington Redskins*
(4, 2–2) 4210 !42–10 Denver Broncos 03 !Denver Broncos†
(3, 0–3) Qualcomm Stadium 01 !San Diego–Jack Murphy Stadium[note 3] San Diego, California 01 !San Diego 073302 !73,302 [31]
23 !XXIII 000000001989-01-22-0000January 22, 1989 San Francisco 49ers 03 !San Francisco 49ers*
(3, 3–0) 2016 !20–16 Cincinnati Bengals 02 !Cincinnati Bengals†
(2, 0–2) Hard Rock Stadium 01 !Joe Robbie Stadium[note 3] Miami, Florida 06 !Miami Gardens, Florida (6)[note 2] 075129 !75,129 [32]
24 !XXIV 000000001990-01-28-0000January 28, 1990 San Francisco 49ers 04 !San Francisco 49ers*
(4, 4–0) 5510 !55–10 Denver Broncos 04 !Denver Broncos†
(4, 0–4) Louisiana Superdome 04 !Louisiana Superdome (4) New Orleans, Louisiana 07 !New Orleans (7) 072919 !72,919 [33]
25 !XXV 000000001991-01-27-0000January 27, 1991 New York Giants 02 !New York Giants*
(2, 2–0) 2019 !20–19 Buffalo Bills 01 !Buffalo Bills†
(1, 0–1) Tampa Stadium 02 !Tampa Stadium (2) Tampa, Florida 02 !Tampa, Florida (2) 073813 !73,813 [34]
26 !XXVI 000000001992-01-26-0000January 26, 1992 Washington Redskins 05 !Washington Redskins*
(5, 3–2) 3724 !37–24 Buffalo Bills 02 !Buffalo Bills†
(2, 0–2) Metrodome 01 !Metrodome Minneapolis, Minnesota 01 !Minneapolis 063130 !63,130 [35]
27 !XXVII 000000001993-01-31-0000January 31, 1993 Dallas Cowboys 06 !Dallas Cowboys*
(6, 3–3) 5217 !52–17 Buffalo Bills 03 !Buffalo Bills†
(3, 0–3) Rose Bowl 05 !Rose Bowl (5) Los Angeles, California 07 !Pasadena, California (7)[note 1] 098374 !98,374 [36]
28 !XXVIII 000000001994-01-30-0000January 30, 1994 Dallas Cowboys 07 !Dallas Cowboys*
(7, 4–3) 3013 !30–13 Buffalo Bills 04 !Buffalo Bills†
(4, 0–4) Georgia Dome 01 !Georgia Dome Atlanta, Georgia 01 !Atlanta 072817 !72,817 [37]
29 !XXIX 000000001995-01-29-0000January 29, 1995 San Francisco 49ers 05 !San Francisco 49ers*
(5, 5–0) 4926 !49–26 San Diego Chargers 01 !San Diego Chargers†
(1, 0–1) Hard Rock Stadium 02 !Joe Robbie Stadium (2)[note 3] Miami, Florida 07 !Miami Gardens, Florida (7)[note 2] 074107 !74,107 [38]
30 !XXX 000000001996-01-28-0000January 28, 1996 Dallas Cowboys 08 !Dallas Cowboys*
(8, 5–3) 2717 !27–17 Pittsburgh Steelers 05 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(5, 4–1) Sun Devil Stadium 01 !Sun Devil Stadium Phoenix, Arizona 01 !Tempe, Arizona[note 1] 076347 !76,347 [39]
31 !XXXI 000000001997-01-26-0000January 26, 1997 Green Bay Packers 03 !Green Bay Packers*
(3, 3–0) 3521 !35–21 New England Patriots 02 !New England Patriots†
(2, 0–2) Louisiana Superdome 05 !Louisiana Superdome (5) New Orleans, Louisiana 08 !New Orleans (8) 072301 !72,301 [40]
32 !XXXII 000000001998-01-25-0000January 25, 1998 Denver Broncos 05 !Denver Broncos†
(5, 1–4) 3124 !31–24 Green Bay Packers 04 !Green Bay Packers*
(4, 3–1) Qualcomm Stadium 02 !Qualcomm Stadium (2)[note 3] San Diego, California 02 !San Diego (2) 068912 !68,912 [41]
33 !XXXIII 000000001999-01-31-0000January 31, 1999 Denver Broncos 06 !Denver Broncos†
(6, 2–4) 3419 !34–19 Atlanta Falcons 01 !Atlanta Falcons*
(1, 0–1) Hard Rock Stadium 03 !Pro Player Stadium (3)[note 3] Miami, Florida 08 !Miami Gardens, Florida (8)[note 2] 074803 !74,803 [42]
34 !XXXIV 000000002000-01-30-0000January 30, 2000 Los Angeles Rams 02 !St. Louis Rams*
(2, 1–1) 2316 !23–16 Tennessee Titans 01 !Tennessee Titans†
(1, 0–1) Georgia Dome 02 !Georgia Dome (2) Atlanta, Georgia 02 !Atlanta (2) 072625 !72,625 [43]
35 !XXXV 000000002001-01-28-0000January 28, 2001 Baltimore Ravens 01 !Baltimore Ravens†
(1, 1–0) 3407 !34–7 New York Giants 03 !New York Giants*
(3, 2–1) Raymond James Stadium 01 !Raymond James Stadium Tampa, Florida 03 !Tampa, Florida (3) 071921 !71,921 [44]
36 !XXXVI 000000002002-02-03-0000February 3, 2002 New England Patriots 03 !New England Patriots†
(3, 1–2) 2017 !20–17 Los Angeles Rams 03 !St. Louis Rams*
(3, 1–2) Louisiana Superdome 06 !Louisiana Superdome (6) New Orleans, Louisiana 09 !New Orleans (9) 072922 !72,922 [45]
37 !XXXVII 000000002003-01-26-0000January 26, 2003 Tampa Bay Buccaneers 01 !Tampa Bay Buccaneers*
(1, 1–0) 4821 !48–21 Oakland Raiders 05 !Oakland Raiders†
(5, 3–2) Qualcomm Stadium 03 !Qualcomm Stadium (3)[note 3] San Diego, California 03 !San Diego (3) 067603 !67,603 [46]
38 !XXXVIII 000000002004-02-01-0000February 1, 2004 New England Patriots 04 !New England Patriots†
(4, 2–2) 3229 !32–29 Carolina Panthers 01 !Carolina Panthers*
(1, 0–1) NRG Stadium 01 !Reliant Stadium[note 3] Houston, Texas 02 !Houston (2) 071525 !71,525 [47]
39 !XXXIX 000000002005-02-06-0000February 6, 2005 New England Patriots 05 !New England Patriots†
(5, 3–2) 2421 !24–21 Philadelphia Eagles 02 !Philadelphia Eagles*
(2, 0–2) ALLTEL Stadium 01 !Alltel Stadium Jacksonville, Florida 01 !Jacksonville, Florida 078125 !78,125 [48]
40 !XL 000000002006-02-05-0000February 5, 2006 Pittsburgh Steelers 06 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(6, 5–1) 2110 !21–10 Seattle Seahawks 01 !Seattle Seahawks*
(1, 0–1) Ford Field 01 !Ford Field Detroit, Michigan 02 !Detroit (2)[note 1] 068206 !68,206 [49]
41 !XLI 000000002007-02-04-0000February 4, 2007 Indianapolis Colts 03 !Indianapolis Colts†
(3, 2–1) 2917 !29–17 Chicago Bears 02 !Chicago Bears*
(2, 1–1) Hard Rock Stadium 04 !Dolphin Stadium (4)[note 3] Miami, Florida 09 !Miami Gardens, Florida (9)[note 2] 074512 !74,512 [50]
42 !XLII 000000002008-02-03-0000February 3, 2008 New York Giants 04 !New York Giants*
(4, 3–1) 1714 !17–14 New England Patriots 06 !New England Patriots†
(6, 3–3) University of Phoenix Stadium 01 !University of Phoenix Stadium Phoenix, Arizona 02 !Glendale, Arizona (2)[note 1] 071101 !71,101 [51]
43 !XLIII 000000002009-02-01-0000February 1, 2009 Pittsburgh Steelers 07 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(7, 6–1) 2723 !27–23 Arizona Cardinals 01 !Arizona Cardinals*
(1, 0–1) Raymond James Stadium 02 !Raymond James Stadium (2) Tampa, Florida 04 !Tampa, Florida (4) 070774 !70,774 [52]
44 !XLIV 000000002010-02-07-0000February 7, 2010 New Orleans Saints 01 !New Orleans Saints*
(1, 1–0) 3117 !31–17 Indianapolis Colts 04 !Indianapolis Colts†
(4, 2–2) Hard Rock Stadium 05 !Sun Life Stadium (5)[note 3] Miami, Florida 10 !Miami Gardens, Florida (10)[note 2] 074059 !74,059 [53]
45 !XLV 000000002011-02-06-0000February 6, 2011 Green Bay Packers 05 !Green Bay Packers*
(5, 4–1) 3125 !31–25 Pittsburgh Steelers 08 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(8, 6–2) Cowboys Stadium 01 !Cowboys Stadium Arlington, Texas 01 !Arlington, Texas 103219 !103,219 [54]
46 !XLVI 000000002012-02-05-0000February 5, 2012 New York Giants 05 !New York Giants*
(5, 4–1) 2117 !21–17 New England Patriots 07 !New England Patriots†
(7, 3–4) Lucas Oil Stadium 01 !Lucas Oil Stadium Indianapolis, Indiana 01 !Indianapolis 068658 !68,658 [55][56]
47 !XLVII 000000002013-02-03-0000February 3, 2013 Baltimore Ravens 02 !Baltimore Ravens†
(2, 2–0) 3431 !34–31 San Francisco 49ers 06 !San Francisco 49ers*
(6, 5–1) Louisiana Superdome 07 !Mercedes-Benz Superdome (7) New Orleans, Louisiana 10 !New Orleans (10) 071024 !71,024 [55][57]
48 !XLVIII 000000002014-02-02-0000February 2, 2014 Seattle Seahawks 02 !Seattle Seahawks*
(2, 1–1) 4308 !43–8 Denver Broncos 07 !Denver Broncos†
(7, 2–5) MetLife Stadium 01 !MetLife Stadium East Rutherford, New Jersey 01 !East Rutherford, New Jersey 082529 !82,529 [58]
49 !XLIX 000000002015-02-01-0000February 1, 2015 New England Patriots 08 !New England Patriots†
(8, 4–4) 2824 !28–24 Seattle Seahawks 03 !Seattle Seahawks*
(3, 1–2) University of Phoenix Stadium 02 !University of Phoenix Stadium (2) Phoenix, Arizona 03 !Glendale, Arizona (3)[note 1] 070288 !70,288 [59][60]
50 !50 000000002016-02-07-0000February 7, 2016 Denver Broncos 08 !Denver Broncos†
(8, 3–5) 2410 !24–10 Carolina Panthers 02 !Carolina Panthers*
(2, 0–2) Levi's Stadium 01 !Levi's Stadium San Francisco, California 02 !Santa Clara, California (2)[note 1] 071088 !71,088 [60][61][62]
51 !LI 000000002017-02-05-0000February 5, 2017 New England Patriots 09 !New England Patriots†
(9, 5–4) 3428 !34–28 (OT) Atlanta Falcons 02 !Atlanta Falcons*
(2, 0–2) NRG Stadium 02 !NRG Stadium (2)[note 3] Houston, Texas 03 !Houston, Texas (3) 070807 !70,807 [60][61][62]
52 !LII 000000002018-02-04-0000February 4, 2018 [note 4] X 2018 !2017–18 NFC champion* at 2017–18 AFC champion† 0018 !— X 2018 !To be determined (TBD) U.S. Bank Stadium 01 !U.S. Bank Stadium Minneapolis, Minnesota 02 !Minneapolis (2) 000018 !TBD [63][64]
53 !LIII 000000002019-02-03-0000February 3, 2019 [note 4] X 2019 !2018–19 AFC champion† at 2018–19 NFC champion* 0019 !— X 2019 !To be determined (TBD) Mercedes-Benz Stadium 01 !Mercedes-Benz Stadium Atlanta, Georgia 03 !Atlanta (3) TBD [65][66]
54 !LIV 000000002020-02-02-0000February 2, 2020 [note 4] X 2020 !2019–20 NFC champion* at 2019–20 AFC champion† 0020 !— X 2020 !To be determined (TBD) Hard Rock Stadium 06 !Hard Rock Stadium (6)[note 3] Miami, Florida 11 !Miami Gardens, Florida (11)[note 2] TBD [65][66]
55 !LV 000000002021-02-07-0000February 7, 2021 [note 4] X 2020 !2020–21 AFC champion† at 2020–21 NFC champion* 0021 !— X 2021 !To be determined (TBD) Raymond James Stadium 03 !Raymond James Stadium (3) Tampa, Florida 05 !Tampa, Florida (5) TBD [65][66]
56 !LVI 000000002022-02-06-0000February 6, 2022 [note 4] X 2021 !2021–22 NFC champion† at 2021–22 AFC champion* 0022 !— X 2022 !To be determined (TBD) City of Champions Stadium 01 !Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park Los Angeles, California 08 !Inglewood, California (8)[note 1] TBD [65][66]
Game
Date
Winning team
Score
Losing team
Venue
City
Attendance
Ref
Consecutive winners
The Steelers defeated the Rams in Super Bowl XIV to win an unprecedented four championships in six years.
Seven different franchises have won consecutive Super Bowls, one of which has accomplished it twice:
Green Bay Packers (Super Bowls I and II)
Miami Dolphins (VII and VIII)
Pittsburgh Steelers (twice: IX and X as well as XIII and XIV)
San Francisco 49ers (XXIII and XXIV)
Dallas Cowboys (XXVII and XXVIII)
Denver Broncos (XXXII and XXXIII)
New England Patriots (XXXVIII and XXXIX)
No franchise has yet won three Super Bowls in a row, although several have come close:
The Green Bay Packers won the first two Super Bowls, and also won the NFL championship the preceding year.
The Miami Dolphins appeared in three consecutive Super Bowls (VI, VII, and VIII), winning the last two.
The Pittsburgh Steelers won two consecutive Super Bowls (IX and X); the following season they were eliminated in the AFC championship game by the eventual Super Bowl champion Oakland Raiders.
The San Francisco 49ers won two consecutive Super Bowls (XXIII and XXIV); the following season they were eliminated in the NFC championship by the eventual Super Bowl champion New York Giants.
The Dallas Cowboys won two consecutive Super Bowls (XXVII and XXVIII); the following season they were eliminated in the NFC championship game by the eventual champion San Francisco 49ers. The Cowboys won Super Bowl XXX the following year for three wins in four seasons.
Super Bowl appearances by team
The Patriots played their first championship game in Super Bowl XX (pictured) and hold the record for most Super Bowl appearances (9) as of 2017.
NFL‡/NFC* teams (26 wins) AFL^/AFC† teams (25 wins)
NFL‡/AFC† team[note 5]
In the sortable table below, teams are ordered first by number of appearances, then by number of wins, and finally by season of first appearance. In the "Season(s)" column, bold years indicate winning seasons, and italic years indicate games not yet completed.
Appearances
Team
Wins
Losses
Winning
percentage
Season(s)
09G-04W !9 New England Patriots† 5 4 .556 1985 !1985,† 1996,† 2001,† 2003,† 2004,† 2007,† 2011,† 2014,† 2016†
08G-06W !8 Pittsburgh Steelers†[note 5] 6 2 .750 1974 !1974,† 1975,† 1978,† 1979,† 1995,† 2005,† 2008,† 2010†
08G-05W !8 Dallas Cowboys* 5 3 .625 1970 !1970,* 1971,* 1975,* 1977,* 1978,* 1992,* 1993,* 1995*
08G-03W !8 Denver Broncos† 3 5 .375 1977 !1977,† 1986,† 1987,† 1989,† 1997,† 1998,† 2013,† 2015†
06G-05W !6 San Francisco 49ers* 5 1 .833 1981 !1981,* 1984,* 1988,* 1989,* 1994*, 2012*
05G-04W !5 Green Bay Packers‡* 4 1 .800 1966 !1966,‡ 1967,‡ 1996,* 1997,* 2010*
05G-04W !5 New York Giants* 4 1 .800 1986 !1986,* 1990,* 2000,* 2007,* 2011*
05G-03W !5 Los Angeles/Oakland Raiders^† 3 2 .600 1967,^ 1976,† 1980,† 1983,† 2002†
05G-03W !5 Washington Redskins* 3 2 .600 1972 !1972,* 1982,* 1983,* 1987,* 1991*
05G-02W !5 Miami Dolphins† 2 3 .400 1971 !1971,† 1972,† 1973,† 1982,† 1984†
04G-02W !4 Baltimore/Indianapolis Colts‡†[note 5] 2 2 .500 1968 !1968,‡ 1970,† 2006,† 2009†
04G-00W !4 Minnesota Vikings‡* 0 4 .000 1969 !1969,‡ 1973,* 1974,* 1976*
04G-00W !4 Buffalo Bills† 0 4 .000 1990 !1990,† 1991,† 1992,† 1993†
03G-01W !3 St. Louis/Los Angeles Rams* 1 2 .333 1979 !1979,* 1999,* 2001*
03G-01W !3 Seattle Seahawks 1 2 .333 2005 !2005,* 2013,* 2014*
02G-02W !2 Baltimore Ravens† 2 0 1.000 2000 !2000,† 2012†
02G-01W !2 Kansas City Chiefs^ 1 1 .500 1966 !1966,^ 1969^
02G-01W !2 Chicago Bears* 1 1 .500 1985 !1985,* 2006*
02G-00W !2 Philadelphia Eagles* 0 2 .000 1980 !1980,* 2004*
02G-00W !2 Cincinnati Bengals† 0 2 .000 1981 !1981,† 1988†
02G-00W !2 Atlanta Falcons* 0 2 .000 1998 !1998,* 2016*
02G-00W !2 Carolina Panthers* 0 2 .000 2003 !2003,* 2015*
01G-01W !1 New York Jets^ 1 0 1.000 1968 !1968^
01G-01W !1 Tampa Bay Buccaneers 1 0 1.000 2002 !2002*
01G-01W !1 New Orleans Saints* 1 0 1.000 2009 !2009*
01G-00W !1 San Diego/Los Angeles Chargers† 0 1 .000 1994 !1994†
01G-00W !1 Tennessee Titans† 0 1 .000 1999 !1999†
01G-00W !1 Arizona Cardinals* 0 1 .000 2008 !2008*
00G-00W !0 Cleveland Browns†[note 5] 0 0 – none
00G-00W !0 Detroit Lions* 0 0 – none
00G-00W !0 Jacksonville Jaguars† 0 0 – none
00G-00W !0 Houston Texans† 0 0 – none
Teams with no Super Bowl appearances
Four current teams have never reached the Super Bowl. Two of them held NFL league championships prior to Super Bowl I in the 1966 NFL season:
Detroit Lions, NFL champions four times in 1935, 1952, 1953, and 1957; appeared in one other NFL Championship Game in 1954; and appeared in one NFC Championship Game in 1991[67]
Cleveland Browns, NFL champions four times in 1950, 1954, 1955, and 1964; appeared in seven other NFL championship games in 1951, 1952, 1953, 1957, 1965, 1968, and 1969; and appeared in three AFC Championship Games in 1986, 1987, and 1989.[68] The Browns are officially viewed as one continuous franchise that began in 1946 as a member of the All-America Football Conference, joined the NFL in 1950, suspended operations from 1996–1998, and resumed play in 1999.[69] The Baltimore Ravens were an expansion team created in 1996 with former Browns players.[70]
Jacksonville Jaguars, 1995 expansion team; appeared in two AFC Championship Games in 1996 and 1999[71]
Houston Texans, 2002 expansion team; Divisional Round appearances in 2011, 2012, and 2016 seasons.
In addition, Detroit, Houston and Jacksonville have hosted Super Bowls; this means Cleveland is the only current NFL city that has neither hosted, nor had its team play in, a Super Bowl.
Teams with Super Bowl appearances but no victories
Nine teams have appeared in the Super Bowl without ever winning. In descending order of number of appearances, they are:
Buffalo Bills (4), appeared in Super Bowls XXV, XXVI, XXVII, and XXVIII. Their second and last AFL championship was in 1965, the season before the first Super Bowl.
Minnesota Vikings (4), appeared in Super Bowls IV, VIII, IX, and XI. They won the NFL Championship Game in 1969, the last year before the AFL–NFL merger, but failed to win the subsequent Super Bowl. An NFL expansion team in 1961, they have no pre-Super Bowl league championships.
Cincinnati Bengals (2), appeared in Super Bowls XVI and XXIII. An AFL expansion team in 1968, they have no pre-Super Bowl league championships.
Philadelphia Eagles (2), appeared in Super Bowls XV and XXXIX. Their last championship was in 1960.
Atlanta Falcons (2), appeared in Super Bowls XXXIII and LI. An expansion team in 1966, they have no pre-Super Bowl league championships.
Carolina Panthers (2), appeared in Super Bowls XXXVIII and 50. A post-merger expansion team, their first season was in 1995.
Arizona Cardinals (1), appeared in Super Bowl XLIII. Their last championship was in 1947 as the Chicago Cardinals.
Los Angeles Chargers (1), appeared in Super Bowl XXIX as the San Diego Chargers. Their only AFL championship was in 1963.
Tennessee Titans (1), appeared in Super Bowl XXXIV. They won the first two AFL Championships in 1960 and 1961 as the Houston Oilers.
Teams with long Super Bowl droughts
The Jets' victory over the Colts in Super Bowl III was the team's last championship appearance.
While Jacksonville (joined 1995) has never appeared in a Super Bowl, the following eight teams are currently (as of Super Bowl LI) experiencing longer droughts since their last appearance.
Two of these teams have not appeared in the Super Bowl since before the AFL–NFL merger in 1970:[72]
New York Jets (most recently appeared in Super Bowl III, 1968 season)
Kansas City Chiefs (Super Bowl IV in 1969 season)
The Jets and the Chiefs are also the only non-NFL teams to win the Super Bowl, both being members of the now-defunct AFL at the time.
The most recent Super Bowl appearance for the following teams was after the AFL–NFL merger, but prior to the 1995 regular season:
Minnesota Vikings (Super Bowl XI, 1976 season)
Miami Dolphins (Super Bowl XIX, 1984 season)
Cincinnati Bengals (Super Bowl XXIII, 1988 season)
Washington Redskins (Super Bowl XXVI, 1991 season)
Buffalo Bills (Super Bowl XXVIII, 1993 season)
San Diego Chargers (Super Bowl XXIX, 1994 season)
Super Bowl rematches
The 49ers and the Bengals, who faced off in Super Bowl XVI (pictured), would rematch each other again in Super Bowl XXIII.
The following teams have faced each other more than once in the Super Bowl:
Dallas Cowboys and Pittsburgh Steelers (3) – Super Bowls X and XIII were won by Pittsburgh, and Super Bowl XXX was won by Dallas. See also Cowboys–Steelers rivalry.
Miami Dolphins and Washington Redskins (2) – Super Bowl VII was won by Miami, and Super Bowl XVII was won by Washington.
Cincinnati Bengals and San Francisco 49ers (2) – Super Bowls XVI and XXIII were both won by San Francisco.
Buffalo Bills and Dallas Cowboys (2) – Super Bowls XXVII and XXVIII, the only rematch in consecutive seasons, were both won by Dallas.
New England Patriots and New York Giants (2) – Super Bowls XLII and XLVI were both won by New York.
See also
National Football League portal
American football portal
History of the National Football League championship
List of AFC champions
List of NFC champions
List of NFL champions
List of Super Bowl records
Super Bowl Most Valuable Player Award
List of NFL franchise post-season droughts
List of NFL franchise post-season streaks
Notes
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Los Angeles, Pasadena, and Inglewood are all located in the Greater Los Angeles Area.[5] Pontiac, Michigan, is a suburb of Detroit.[6] Both Tempe and Glendale are suburbs of Phoenix, Arizona.[7][8] Both Stanford and Santa Clara are part of the San Francisco Bay Area Combined Statistical Area.[9]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k The Miami Orange Bowl was in Miami proper. Hard Rock Stadium, also in Miami-Dade County, opened in an unincorporated area with a Miami address; the area was incorporated as Miami Gardens in 2003.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Stadium renaming. SDCCU Stadium was originally known as San Diego Stadium, San Diego–Jack Murphy Stadium, and Qualcomm Stadium. Hard Rock Stadium has also been variously known over the years as Joe Robbie Stadium, Pro Player Park, Pro Player Stadium, Dolphins Stadium (with a plural "s"), Dolphin Stadium (with no "s"), Land Shark Stadium, and Sun Life Stadium. NRG Stadium was originally known as Reliant Stadium.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Dates are tentative, pending possible future changes to the NFL calendar.
^ Jump up to: a b c d The Colts, Steelers, and Browns moved from the NFL to the newly-formed AFC, joining the ten extant AFL franchises, when the two leagues merged in 1970. Additionally, although the 1995 Cleveland Browns became the 1996 Baltimore Ravens, the Browns' name, brand and history remained in Cleveland and was continued by the 1999 Cleveland Browns; the Ravens, for historical purposes, are considered a separate franchise.
References
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Jump up ^ "Pontiac, Michigan". U.S. Census. Federal government of the United States. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
Jump up ^ "Glendale, Arizona". U.S. Census. Federal government of the United States. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
Jump up ^ "Tempe, Arizona". U.S. Census. Federal government of the United States. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
Jump up ^ "OMB Bulletin No. 13-01 – The White House" (PDF). Federal government of the United States. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 19, 2013. Retrieved 2013-05-24.
Jump up ^ Maule, Tex (1967-01-23). "Bread-and-butter Packers". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 2009-08-25.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl 2: Lombardi's Starr Rises". Sporting News. 1968-01-14. Retrieved 2011-12-24.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl 3: The Broadway Joe Show". Sporting News. January 12, 1969. Archived from the original on February 8, 2006. Retrieved August 25, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl History: Super Bowl IV". CBS News. Retrieved 2009-08-25.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl History: Super Bowl V". CBS News. Retrieved 2011-01-27.
Jump up ^ Maule, Tex (1972-01-24). "A Cowboy Stampede". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 2009-08-25.
Jump up ^ Maule, Tex (1973-01-22). "17–0–0". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 2009-08-25.
Jump up ^ Maule, Tex (1974-01-21). "It Was The Day Of The Dolphins". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 2009-08-25.
Jump up ^ Jenkins, Dan (1975-01-20). "Pittsburgh Punches It Out". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 2009-08-25.
Jump up ^ Jenkins, Dan (1976-01-26). "Dallas Feels The Steeler Crunch". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 2009-08-26.
Jump up ^ Jenkins, Dan (1977-01-17). "The Raiders Were All Suped Up". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 2009-08-26.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl 12: Orange Crushed". Sporting News. 1978-01-15. Archived from the original on September 28, 2005. Retrieved 2009-08-26.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl 13: Dumb Like a F–O–X". Sporting News. January 21, 1979. Archived from the original on December 26, 2005. Retrieved August 26, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XIV: Pittsburgh Steelers 31, Los Angeles Rams 19". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2009-08-26.
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Jump up ^ "Super Bowl 16: 49ers Strike It Rich". Sporting News. January 24, 1982. Archived from the original on April 17, 2009. Retrieved August 26, 2009.
Jump up ^ Zimmerman, Paul (1983-02-07). "Hail To The Redskins!". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 2009-08-26.
Jump up ^ Zimmerman, Paul (1984-01-30). "A Runaway For The Raiders". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 2009-08-26.
Jump up ^ Zimmerman, Paul (1985-01-28). "The Niners Were Never Finer". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 2009-08-26.
Jump up ^ Magee, Jerry (January 28, 2007). "'85 Bears never lost in shuffle". The San Diego Union-Tribune. Archived from the original on July 6, 2008. Retrieved August 26, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXI: New York Giants 39, Denver Broncos 20". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2009-08-26.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl Summaries: Super Bowl XXII". CNN Sports Illustrated. Time Warner. Retrieved 2009-08-26.
Jump up ^ Almond, Elliott (1989-01-23). "49ers Defeat Bengals, 20–16, in Super Bowl". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2009-08-26.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl 24: 49ers Pound Outmanned Broncos". Sporting News. 1990-01-28. Archived from the original on April 17, 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-26.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXV". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXVI". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXVII". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXVIII". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXIX". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXX". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXXI". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXXII". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXXIII". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXXIV". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXXV". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXXVI". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXXVII". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXXVIII". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XXXIX". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XL". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XLI". NFL. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XLII". NFL. Retrieved 2009-07-28.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XLIII". NFL. Retrieved 2009-07-28.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl XLIV post game QT". NFL. Retrieved 2011-01-27.
Jump up ^ "Packers down Steelers for fourth Super Bowl title". NFL. February 6, 2011. Retrieved February 6, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "Indianapolis ahead of curve in preparations for Super Bowl XLVI in 2012". NFL. Associated Press. 2009-06-09. Retrieved 2009-07-28.
Jump up ^ Garrison, Jason. "Super Bowl 2012: Official Super Bowl Attendance Is 68,658". SBNation Boston. SBNation. Retrieved 2012-03-07.
Jump up ^ "Super Bowl will return to New Orleans in 2013". NFL. Retrieved 2009-05-20.
Jump up ^ "Owners warm up to New York/New Jersey as Super Bowl XLVIII host". NFL. Retrieved 2010-05-25.
Jump up ^ "Owners vote Arizona as Super Bowl host for third time". National Football League. Associated Press. October 11, 2011. Retrieved February 27, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Klemko, Robert (October 11, 2011). "Arizona, not Tampa, will host Super Bowl XLIX in 2015". USA Today. Retrieved January 5, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Rosenthal, Gregg (December 23, 2013). "San Francisco awarded Super Bowl". National Football League. Retrieved December 23, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "Bay Area, Houston get Super Bowls". ESPN.com. May 23, 2013. Retrieved May 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ Patra, Kevin (May 20, 2014). "Super Bowl LII headed to Minnesota". National Football League. Retrieved May 21, 2014.
Jump up ^ Wells, Mike (May 21, 2014). "Minneapolis to host 2018 Super Bowl". ESPN. Retrieved May 21, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Rosenthal, Gregg (May 24, 2016). "Atlanta, South Florida, L.A. chosen to host Super Bowls". National Football League. Retrieved May 24, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d McClure, Vaughn (May 24, 2016). "Owners award 2019 Super Bowl to Atlanta, 2020 to South Florida, 2021 to Los Angeles". ESPN.com. Retrieved May 24, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Detroit Lions Franchise Encyclopedia". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2009-08-27.
Jump up ^ "Cleveland Browns Franchise Encyclopedia". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2009-08-27.
Jump up ^ "Year By Year Season results". Cleveland Browns. Retrieved 2012-01-31.
Jump up ^ Romano, John (1996-08-04). "Rams fear Phillips is a perpetual faux pas Series: NFL". St. Petersburg Times. p. 9C.
Jump up ^ "Jacksonville Jaguars Franchise Encyclopedia". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2009-08-27.
Jump up ^ Neumann, Thomas (2008-09-17). "Page 2's ultimate NFL power rankings, Nos. 21–32". ESPN. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
External links
National Football League
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1 – From 1966 to 1969, the first four Super Bowls were "World Championship" games played between two independent professional football leagues, AFL and NFL, and when the league merged in 1970 the Super Bowl became the NFL Championship Game.
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