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Government of India
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Legislative, executive and judiciary powers of India
Government of India
Bhārata Sarakāra
Emblem of India
Formation
January 26, 1950; 68 years ago (1950-01-26)
Country
Republic of India
Website
india.gov.in
Head of state
President (Ramnath Kovind)
Seat
Rashtrapati Bhavan
Legislature
Legislature
Parliament
Upper house
Rajya Sabha
Leader
Chairman (Venkaiah Naidu)
Lower house
Lok Sabha
Leader
Speaker (Sumitra Mahajan)
Meeting place
Sansad Bhavan
Executive
Head of government
Prime minister (Narendra Modi)
Main organ
Cabinet
Head of civil services
Cabinet secretary (Pradeep Kumar Sinha, IAS)
Meeting place
Central secretariat
Ministries
57
Responsible to
Lok Sabha
Judiciary
Court
Supreme court
Chief judge
Chief justice (Dipak Misra)
India
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
India
Constitution and law[show]
Constitutional amendment
Basic structure doctrine
Fundamental rights
Human rights
———————
Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
Uniform civil code
Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973
Indian Penal Code
Law enforcement
Government of India[show]
President (Head of state) (List)
Vice president (List)
———————
Executive:
Prime minister (Head of government) (List)
Union Council of Ministers
Cabinet secretary
Secretaries:
(Defence • Finance • Foreign • Home)
Civil services
All India Services (IAS • IFS/IFoS • IPS)
———————
Legislature:
Parliament
Rajya Sabha (Chairman)
Lok Sabha (Speaker)
Judiciary:
Supreme court (Chief justice)
High courts (Chief justices)
District courts
Elections[show]
Election commission:
Chief Election Commissioner (Election commissioners)
Recent general elections: 2009
2014
2019
Recent state elections: 2017
2018
2019
———————
Political parties
National parties
State parties
National coalitions:
National Democratic Alliance (NDA)
United Progressive Alliance (UPA)
Federalism[show]
Administrative divisions
———————
State governments
Governors (List)
Chief ministers (List)
Chief secretary (Principal secretaries)
Field-level officers
Divisional commissioners
District magistrates
Sub-divisional magistrates
Legislatures:
Vidhan Sabha
Vidhan Parishad
———————
Local governments: Rural bodies:
District councils
Block panchayats
Gram Panchayats
Urban bodies:
Municipal corporations
Municipal councils
Nagar panchayats
Other countries
Atlas
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The Government of India (IAST: Bhārata Sarakāra), often abbreviated as GoI, is the union government created by the constitution of India as the legislative, executive and judicial authority of the union of 29 states and seven union territories of a constitutionally democratic republic. It is located in New Delhi, the capital of India.
Contents
[hide]
1 Basic structure
2 Legislature
3 Executive
3.1 President
3.2 Vice president
3.3 Prime minister
3.4 Cabinet, ministries and agencies
3.4.1 Secretaries
3.5 Civil services
3.5.1 Cabinet secretary
4 Judiciary
4.1 Supreme court
5 Elections and voting
6 State and local governments
7 Finance
7.1 Taxation
7.2 Union budget
8 Issues
8.1 Corruption
9 See also
10 References
11 Further reading
12 External links
Basic structure
Modelled after the westminster system for governing the state,[1] the union government is mainly composed of the executive, the legislature, and the judiciary, in which all powers are vested by the constitution in parliament, the prime minister and the supreme court. The President of India is the head of state and the commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces whilst the elected prime minister acts as the head of the executive, and is responsible for running the union government.[2] The parliament is bicameral in nature, with the Lok Sabha being the lower house, and the Rajya Sabha the upper house. The judiciary systematically contains an apex supreme court, 24 high courts, and several district courts, all inferior to the supreme court.[3]
The basic civil and criminal laws governing the citizens of India are set down in major parliamentary legislation, such as the civil procedure code, the penal code, and the criminal procedure code.[4] Similar to the union government, individual state governments each consist of executive, legislative and judiciary. The legal system as applicable to the union and individual state governments is based on the English Common and Statutory Law.[5] The full name of the country is the Republic of India. India and Bharat are equally official short names for the Republic of India in the Constitution,[6] and both names appears on legal banknotes, in treaties and in legal cases. Union government, central government and Bhārata Sarakāra are often used in an official and unofficial capacity to refer to the Government of India.[citation needed] Because the seat of government is in New Delhi, it is commonly used as a synonym for the central government.[citation needed]
Legislature
Main article: Parliament of India
Building of the Parliament of India.
The powers of the legislature in India are exercised by the parliament, a bicameral legislature consisting of the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha. Of the two houses of parliament, the former is considered to be the upper house or the Council of States and consists of members appointed by the president and elected by the state and territorial legislatures. The latter is considered the lower house or the House of the people.[7]
The parliament does not have complete control and sovereignty, as its laws are subject to judicial review by the supreme court.[8] However, it does exercise some control over the executive. The members of the cabinet, including the prime minister, are either chosen from parliament or elected thereto within six months of assuming office.[9] The cabinet as a whole is responsible to the Lok Sabha.[10] The Lok Sabha is a temporary house and can only be dissolved when the party in power loses the support of the majority of the house. Whereas the Rajya Sabha is a permanent house which can never be dissolved. The members of the Rajya Sabha are elected for a six-year term.[11]
Executive
The executive of government is the one that has sole authority and responsibility for the daily administration of the state bureaucracy. The division of power into separate branches of government is central to the republican idea of the separation of powers.[12]
President
Main article: President of India
The executive power is vested mainly in the President of India, as per Article 53(1) of the constitution. The president has all constitutional powers and exercises them directly or through officers subordinate to him as per the aforesaid Article 53(1). The president is to act in accordance with aid and advice tendered by the prime minister, who leads the council of ministers as described in Article 74 of the Constitution of India.
The council of ministers remains in power during the 'pleasure' of the president. However, in practice, the council of ministers must retain the support of the Lok Sabha. If a president were to dismiss the council of ministers on his or her own initiative, it might trigger a constitutional crisis. Thus, in practice, the council of ministers cannot be dismissed as long as it holds the support of a majority in the Lok Sabha.
The president is responsible for appointing many high officials in India. These high officials include the governors of the 29 states; the chief justice; other judges of the supreme court and high courts on the advice of other judges; the Attorney general; the Comptroller and Auditor General; the Chief Election Commissioner and other election commissioners; the chairman and members of the Union Public Service Commission; the officers of the All India Services (IAS, IFoS and IPS) and central civil services in group 'A'; and the ambassadors and high commissioners to other countries on the recommendations of the cabinet.[13][14]
The president, as the head of state, also receives the credentials of ambassadors from other countries, whilst the prime minister, as head of government, receives credentials of high commissioners from other members of the Commonwealth, in line with historical tradition.
The president is the de jure commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces.[15]
The President of India can grant a pardon to or reduce the sentence of a convicted person for one time, particularly in cases involving punishment of death. The decisions involving pardoning and other rights by the president are independent of the opinion of the prime minister or the Lok Sabha majority. In most other cases, however, the president exercises his or her executive powers on the advice of the prime minister.[16]
Vice president
Main article: Vice President of India
The vice president is the second highest constitutional position in India after the president.The vice president represents the nation in the absence of the president and takes charge as acting president in the incident of resignation impeachment or removal of the president.The vice president also has the legislative function of acting as the chairman of the Rajya Sabha.[17] The vice president is elected indirectly by members of an electoral college consisting of the members of both the houses of the parliament in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote and the voting is by secret ballot conducted by the election commission.
Prime minister
Main article: Prime Minister of India
The Rashtrapati Bhawan complex, with North and South Block housing the Prime Minister's Office, Cabinet Secretariat, Ministry of Defence, and others.
The Prime Minister of India, as addressed in the Constitution of India, is the chief of the government, chief adviser to the president, head of the council of ministers and the leader of the majority party in the parliament. The prime minister leads the executive of the Government of India.
The prime minister is the senior member of cabinet in the executive of government in a parliamentary system. The prime minister selects and can dismiss other members of the cabinet; allocates posts to members within the Government; is the presiding member and chairman of the cabinet and is responsible for bringing a proposal of legislation. The resignation or death of the prime minister dissolves the cabinet.
The prime minister is appointed by the president to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive.
Cabinet, ministries and agencies
Main articles: Union Council of Ministers and List of Indian government agencies
The organizational structure of a department of the Government of India.
The Cabinet of India includes the prime minister and his cabinet ministers.[18] Each minister must be a member of one of the houses of the parliament. The cabinet is headed by the prime minister, and is advised by the cabinet secretary, who also acts as the head of the Indian Administrative Service and other civil services. Other ministers are either as union cabinet ministers, who are heads of the various ministries; or ministers of state, who are junior members who report directly to one of the cabinet ministers, often overseeing a specific aspect of government; or ministers of state (independent charges), who do not report to a cabinet minister. As per article 88 of the constitution, every minister shall have the right to speak in, and to take part in the proceedings of, either house, any joint sitting of the houses, and any committee of parliament of which he may be named a member, but shall not be entitled to a vote in the house where he is not a member.
Secretaries
Main article: Secretary to Government of India
A secretary to the Government of India, a civil servant, generally an Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer,[19][20][21][22] is the administrative head of the ministry or department, and is the principal adviser to the minister on all matters of policy and administration within the ministry/department.[23][24] Secretaries to the Government of India rank 23rd on Indian order of precedence.[25][26][27][28] Secretaries at the higher level are assisted by one or many additional secretaries, who are further assisted by joint secretaries.[24] At the middle they are assisted by directors/deputy secretaries and under secretaries.[24] At the lower level, there are section officers, assistant section officers, upper division clerks, lower division clerks and other secretarial staff.[24]
Ministries and departments of the Government of India hide
Ministry
Department(s)
President's Secretariat
Vice President's Secretariat
Prime Minister's Office Atomic Energy
Space
Cabinet Secretariat
Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare
Agricultural Research and Education
Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries
AYUSH
Chemicals and Fertilizers Chemicals and Petrochemicals
Fertilizers
Pharmaceuticals
Civil Aviation
Coal
Commerce and Industry Commerce
Industrial Policy and Promotion
Communications Posts
Telecommunications
Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution Consumer Affairs
Food and Public Distribution
Corporate Affairs
Culture
Defence Defence
Defence Production
Defence Research and Development
Ex-servicemen Welfare
Development of North Eastern Region
Drinking Water and Sanitation
Earth Sciences
Electronics and Information Technology
Environment, Forest and Climate Change
External Affairs
Finance Economic Affairs
Expenditure
Financial Services
Investment and Public Asset Management
Revenue
Food Processing Industries
Health and Family Welfare Health and Family Welfare
Health Research
Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises Heavy Industry
Public Enterprises
Home Affairs Border Management
Internal Security
Jammu Kashmir Affairs
Home
Official Language
States
Housing and Urban Affairs
Human Resource Development Higher Education
School Education and Literacy
Information and Broadcasting
Labour and Employment
Law and Justice Justice
Legal Affairs
Legislative
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
Mines
Minority Affairs
New and Renewable Energy
NITI Aayog
Panchayati Raj
Parliamentary Affairs
Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions Personnel and Training
Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances
Pension and Pensioners' Welfare
Petroleum and Natural Gas
Power
Railways
Road Transport and Highways
Rural Development Land Resources
Rural Development
Science and Technology Biotechnology
Science and Technology
Scientific and Industrial Research
Shipping
Skill Development and Entrepreneurship
Social Justice and Empowerment Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities
Social Justice and Empowerment
Statistics and Programme Implementation
Steel
Textiles
Tourism
Tribal Affairs
Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
Women and Child Development
Youth Affairs and Sports Sports
Youth Affairs
Total
Ministries
Departments
58 93
Civil services
Main article: Civil Services of India
The Civil Services of India are the civil services and the permanent bureaucracy of India. The executive decisions are implemented by the Indian civil servants.
In the parliamentary democracy of India, the ultimate responsibility for running the administration rests with the elected representatives of the people which are the ministers. These ministers are accountable to the legislatures which are also elected by the people on the basis of universal adult suffrage. The ministers are indirectly responsible to the people themselves. But the handful of ministers are not expected to deal personally with the various problems of modern administration. Thus the ministers lay down the policy and it is for the civil servants to enforce it.
Cabinet secretary
Main article: Cabinet Secretary of India
The cabinet secretary (IAST: Maṃtrimaṇḍala Saciva) is the top-most executive official and senior-most civil servant of the Government of India. The cabinet secretary is the ex-officio head of the Civil Services Board, the Cabinet Secretariat, the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and head of all civil services under the rules of business of the government.
The cabinet secretary is generally the senior-most officer of the Indian Administrative Service. The cabinet secretary ranks 11th on the Indian order of precedence.[25][26][27][28] The cabinet secretary is under the direct charge of the prime minister.
Judiciary
Main article: Judiciary of India
India's independent union judicial system began under the British, and its concepts and procedures resemble those of Anglo-Saxon countries. The Supreme Court of India consists of the chief justice and 30 associate justices, all appointed by the president on the advice of the Chief Justice of India. The jury trials were abolished in India in the early 1960s, after the famous case KM Nanavati v. State of Maharashtra, for reasons of being vulnerable to media and public pressure, as well as to being misled.
Unlike its United States counterpart, the Indian justice system consists of a unitary system at both state and union level. The judiciary consists of the Supreme Court of India, high courts at the state level, and district courts and sessions courts at the district level.
Supreme court
Main article: Supreme Court of India
Building of the Supreme Court of India.
The Supreme Court of India is situated in New Delhi, the capital region of India.
The supreme court is the highest judicial forum and final court of appeal under the Constitution of India, the highest constitutional court, with the power of constitutional review. Consisting of the Chief Justice of India and 30 sanctioned other judges, it has extensive powers in the form of original, appellate and advisory jurisdictions.[29]
As the final court of appeal of the country, it takes up appeals primarily against verdicts of the high courts of various states of the Union and other courts and tribunals. It safeguards fundamental rights of citizens and settles disputes between various governments in the country. As an advisory court, it hears matters which may specifically be referred to it under the constitution by the president. It also may take cognisance of matters on its own (or 'suo moto'), without anyone drawing its attention to them. The law declared by the supreme court becomes binding on all courts within India and also by the union and state governments.[30] Per Article 142, it is the duty of the President to enforce the decrees of the supreme court.
In addition, Article 32 of the constitution gives an extensive original jurisdiction to the supreme court in regard to enforcing fundamental rights. It is empowered to issue directions, orders or writs, including writs in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari to enforce them. The supreme court has been conferred with power to direct transfer of any civil or criminal case from one state high court to another state high court, or from a court subordinate to another state high court and the supreme court. Although the proceedings in the supreme court arise out of the judgment or orders made by the subordinate courts, of late the supreme court has started entertaining matters in which interest of the public at large is involved. This may be done by any individual or group of persons either by filing a writ petition at the filing counter of the court, or by addressing a letter to the Chief Justice of India, highlighting the question of public importance for redress. These are known as public interest litigations.[31]
Elections and voting
Main articles: Elections in India and Politics of India
See also: Election Commission of India
India has a quasi-federal form of government, called "union" or "central" government,[32] with elected officials at the union, state and local levels. On a national level, the head of government, the prime minister, is appointed by the President of India amongst the party which won the majority seats in Lok Sabha. The members of the Lok Sabha are directly elected for a term of five years by universal adult suffrage through first-past-the-post voting system. All (except 12 members who are nominated by the president) of the Rajya Sabha, which represents the states, are elected by the members of State legislative assemblies by proportional representation.
India is currently the largest democracy in the world, with around 834 million eligible voters, as of 2014.[33]
State and local governments
Main articles: State governments of India, Local government § India, and Union territory
State governments in India are the governments ruling States of India and the chief minister heads the state government. Power is divided between union government and state governments. State government's legislature is bicameral in 7 states and unicameral in the rest. Lower house is elected with 5 years term, while in upper house 1/3 of the total members in the house gets elected every 2 years with 6-year term.
Local government function at the basic level. It is the third level of government apart from union and state governments. It consists of panchayats in rural areas and municipalities in urban areas. They are elected directly or indirectly by the people.
Finance
See also: Reserve Bank of India
Taxation
Main article: Taxation in India
Reserve Bank of India's headquarters in Mumbai, India's financial capital
India has a three-tier tax structure, wherein the constitution empowers the union government to levy income tax, tax on capital transactions (wealth tax, inheritance tax), sales tax, service tax, customs and excise duties and the state governments to levy sales tax on intrastate sale of goods, tax on entertainment and professions, excise duties on manufacture of alcohol, stamp duties on transfer of property and collect land revenue (levy on land owned). The local governments are empowered by the state government to levy property tax and charge users for public utilities like water supply, sewage etc.[34] More than half of the revenues of the union and state governments come from taxes, of which 3/4 come from direct taxes. More than a quarter of the union government's tax revenues is shared with the state governments.[35]
The tax reforms, initiated in 1991, have sought to rationalise the tax structure and increase compliance by taking steps in the following directions:
Reducing the rates of individual and corporate income taxes, excises, customs and making it more progressive
Reducing exemptions and concessions
Simplification of laws and procedures
Introduction of permanent account number (PAN) to track monetary transactions
21 of the 29 states introduced value added tax (VAT) on 1 April 2005 to replace the complex and multiple sales tax system[34][36]
The non-tax revenues of the central government come from fiscal services, interest receipts, public sector dividends, etc., while the non-tax revenues of the States are grants from the central government, interest receipts, dividends and income from general, economic and social services.[37]
Inter-state share in the union tax pool is decided by the recommendations of the Finance Commission to the president.
Total tax receipts of Centre and State amount to approximately 18% of national GDP. This compares to a figure of 37–45% in the OECD.
Union budget
Main article: Union budget of India
The Finance minister of India usually presents the annual union budget in the parliament on the last working day of February. However, for the F.Y. 2017-18, this tradition had been changed. Now budget will be presented on the 1st day of February. The budget has to be passed by the Lok Sabha before it can come into effect on 1 April, the start of India's fiscal year. The Union budget is preceded by an economic survey which outlines the broad direction of the budget and the economic performance of the country for the outgoing financial year[38]
India's non-development revenue expenditure had increased nearly five-fold in 2003–04 since 1990–91 and more than tenfold since 1985–1986. Interest payments are the single largest item of expenditure and accounted for more than 40% of the total non-development expenditure in the 2003–04 budget. Defense expenditure increased fourfold during the same period and has been increasing because of India's desire to project its military prowess beyond South Asia. In 2007, India's defence spending stood at US$26.5 billion.
Issues
Corruption
Main article: Corruption in India
Several ministers are accused of corruption and nearly a quarter of the 543 elected members of parliament had been charged with crimes, including murder, in 2009.[39] Many of the biggest scandals since 2010 have involved high level government officials, including cabinet ministers and chief ministers, such as the 2010 Commonwealth Games scam (₹70,000 crore (equivalent to ₹1.1 trillion or US$17 billion in 2017)), the Adarsh Housing Society scam, the Coal Mining Scam (₹1.86 lakh crore (equivalent to ₹3.0 trillion or US$44 billion in 2017)), the mining scandal in Karnataka and the cash for vote scandal.
See also
India portal
Foreign relations of India
National Portal of India
National Social-media Portal
Parliamentary democracy
References
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Jump up ^ Tax revenue was 88% of total union government revenue in 1950–51 and has come down to 73% in 2003–04, as a result of increase in non-tax revenue. Tax revenues were 70% of total state government revenues in 2002 to 2003. Indirect taxes were 84% of the union governments total tax revenue and have come down to 62% in 2003–04, mostly because of cuts in import duties and rationalisation. The states share in union government's tax revenue is 28.0% for the period 2000 to 2005 as per the recommendations of the eleventh finance commission. In addition, states that do not levy sales tax on sugar, textiles and tobacco, are entitled to 1.5% of the proceeds. Datt, Ruddar; Sundharam, K.P.M. (2005). Indian Economy. S.Chand. pp. 938, 942, 946. ISBN 81-219-0298-3.
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Further reading
Subrata K. Mitra and V.B. Singh (1999). Democracy and Social Change in India: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the National Electorate. New Delhi: Sage Publications. ISBN 81-7036-809-X (India HB), ISBN 0-7619-9344-4 (US HB).
External links
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Piper Chapman
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Piper Chapman
Orange Is the New Black character
Taylor Schilling as Piper Chapman in a promotional poster for Orange Is the New Black
First appearance
"I Wasn't Ready" (1.01)
July 11, 2013
Portrayed by
Taylor Schilling
Clare Foley (young Piper)
Information
Nickname(s)
Pipes
College
Dandelion
Roberta
Gapman
Family
Carol Chapman (mother)
Bill Chapman (father)
Cal Chapman (brother)
Celeste Chapman (grandmother)
Significant other(s)
Alex Vause (wife; de facto)
Larry Bloom (ex-fiancé)
Nationality
American
Piper Elizabeth Chapman is a fictional character (played by Taylor Schilling) and the protagonist of the Netflix series Orange Is the New Black. She is based on Piper Kerman, author of the non-fiction book Orange Is the New Black: My Year in a Women's Prison, upon which the series is based.[1] Schilling was nominated for awards in both comedy and drama categories for this role.
Contents
1 Basis
2 Characterization
3 Storylines
3.1 Season 1
3.2 Season 2
3.3 Season 3
3.4 Season 4
4 Critical commentary
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Basis[edit]
A Boston-bred Smith College grad, Piper Kerman got involved in a relationship with an international drug smuggler, Catherine Cleary Wolters.[2][1] Chapman's girlfriend in the series, Alex Vause, is based on Wolters, whom Kerman met circa 1991 in Northampton, Massachusetts.[2] Eventually, 24-year-old Kerman flew a suitcase of money from the United States to Belgium for a West African drug lord and was named five years later as part of the drug ring.[1] As part of her plea bargain, she declared that she made three overseas trips on behalf of the drug ring.[3] After breaking up with Wolters, Kerman met Larry Smith and got engaged before being charged by the feds in 1998 and striking a deal. She spent 13 months in a Danbury, Connecticut women's prison, FCI Danbury.[2] Kerman actually had a six-year delay between being sentenced to prison and entering prison in 2004. The show is based on Kerman's 2010 book Orange Is the New Black: My Year in a Women's Prison about her year in a minimum security federal women's prison.[1] Chapman's fiance, Larry Bloom, is based on Smith, Kerman's real life boyfriend and eventual husband.[4]
Series creator Jenji Kohan had initially considered casting Katie Holmes in the role, but decided against it as Holmes had too many commitments. Ultimately Kohan cast Taylor Schilling.[5]
Characterization[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Taylor Schilling plays Piper Chapman
Chapman is a 31-year-old White Anglo-Saxon Protestant who is sentenced to 15 months in prison for carrying a bag of drug-money ($50,000) to Belgium for her girlfriend, Alex Vause.[6] Prior to prison, Chapman owned an artisanal bath soap business in Brooklyn. She comes from a wealthy family, and was a debutante as a teenager.[7] She is originally from Connecticut. Chapman is bisexual, and in college was in a relationship with Alex Vause (Laura Prepon), a drug smuggler. 10 years prior to the series' beginning, she carried drug money from Colombia to Belgium with Vause. Eventually, Chapman grew disenchanted with Vause's lifestyle and broke up with her. She then began dating Larry Bloom (Jason Biggs), to whom she got engaged.
Piper is one of very few emphatically atheist inmates on the show. She responds to a request that she baptise herself by saying that she cannot pretend to believe in a god, saying that while it might make her happier if she believed in a religion, she "needs it to be true", and instead looks to science to explain the world. In another episode, when confronted on the subject again, she clarifies that "I've always thought agnostic was a sort of cop-out... If I had to label it I'd say that I'm a secular humanist."
In 2018, Schilling stated that while Walter White of Breaking Bad was written with having a rationale for each action, "Piper’s behavior oftentimes feels groundless" and "the audience can’t quite grab onto Piper’s behavior. It seems like it’s coming out of nowhere."[8]
Storylines[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Season 1[edit]
Chapman is sentenced to 15 months in Litchfield Prison for Criminal conspiracy and Money laundering;[9] Vause had been arrested and named Chapman as an accomplice in order to reduce her own sentence. On her first day, Chapman gets felt up by guard George "Pornstache" Mendez (Pablo Schreiber) and unintentionally offends prison matriarch Red (Kate Mulgrew), who runs the prison cafeteria. Red starves Chapman to make an example of her, and the other inmates are too intimidated to help except for Crazy Eyes (Uzo Aduba). Nonetheless, Chapman resists Crazy Eyes' subsequent advances, and makes amends with Red by making her lotion to help her back. She befriends Nicky Nichols (Natasha Lyonne), who becomes her confidante and protector. She also discovers Vause is sentenced to the same prison.
Chapman is assigned to the prison electrical workshop and accidentally steals a screwdriver. Her cellmate Miss Claudette (Michelle Hurst) helps her evade the guards' searches. In order to ingratiate herself with the other inmates, Chapman offers to review their appeal letters.
Although Bloom learns that Vause was the informant who gave Chapman up, he does not share this information with her. Chapman then rekindles her relationship with Vause. Meanwhile, Bloom, an aspiring writer, publishes a story about Chapman's incarceration that paints unflattering portraits of her fellow inmates and the prison staff. The article earns Chapman the ire of both the guards and the other prisoners, and puts a severe strain on her already fading relationship with Bloom.
Chapman is elected to the prison council, but finds that the only change she is able to make is to get the track reopened for Janae Watson (Vicky Jeudy) who was put in solitary confinement during the screwdriver incident. Chapman makes an enemy of Tiffany "Pennsatucky" Doggett (Taryn Manning), who wanted her spot on the council. Doggett tells inmate counselor Sam Healy (Michael J. Harney) about Chapman and Vause's relationship; Healy punishes her by putting her in solitary confinement and telling Bloom about the affair. Bloom gets back at Chapman by doing an interview on NPR that casts Litchfield in a harsh light, which makes her even more unpopular. During an angry phone call, Bloom reveals that Vause informed on her. Vause asks Chapman to choose between her and Bloom. Chapman chooses Bloom, but Vause breaks them up and spurns Chapman. When Doggett attacks Chapman with a shiv, Chapman finally snaps and beats her to a pulp.[10][11]
Season 2[edit]
After spending a month in solitary confinement, Chapman is flown to Chicago to serve as a witness against the drug kingpin who had been Vause's boss.[12] There, she spends time in a maximum security prison with dangerous inmates who menace her daily.[13] Also in episode 1, "Thirsty Bird", we see Chapman as a young girl (Clare Foley) in a flashback, discovering that her father is cheating on her mother. Vause persuades Chapman to commit perjury in order to keep them safe from the drug lord, but ultimately cuts a deal to testify against her former boss in return for early release; she then leaves Chapman to suffer the consequences of her perjured testimony alone. In episode 3, "Hugs Can Be Deceiving", we find out that Crazy Eyes had run outside and knocked Chapman unconscious after she had beaten up Doggett at the end of season 1. In episode 6, "You Also Have a Pizza", Chapman starts a prison newsletter, and makes a deal with a reporter to investigate the financial goings on at the prison. She eventually uncovers evidence that assistant warden Natalie Figueroa (Alysia Reiner) has been embezzling from the prison.[12] To keep her quiet, Figueroa arranges for Chapman to be transferred to a facility in Virginia. However, when Chapman gives prison administrator Joe Caputo (Nick Sandow) the evidence implicating Figueroa, he cancels the transfer and gives the warden the incriminating information, resulting in Figueroa's resignation.
Chapman gets a furlough to go to her grandmother's funeral. At home in New York City, she realizes that Larry has lost interest in her, and soon learns that he has fallen in love with her best friend, Polly Harper (Maria Dizzia). Chapman is furious at first, but eventually agrees to give them her blessing in return for either of them telling Vause's parole officer that Vause is going to break parole, which will land her back in Litchfield prison[14]
Season 3[edit]
Chapman begins a business selling used panties to people outside of Litchfield, enlisting her brother Cal as her middleman. Chapman begins a romantic relationship with an Australian prisoner, Stella. After Stella steals Chapman's money, she plants contraband in Stella's bunk and orchestrates her being sent to the maximum security unit in retaliation the day before Stella's release date.
Season 4[edit]
Chapman continues her panty business but finds herself in competition with a group of Dominicans led by Maria Ruiz. When Chapman aligns herself with a gang of white supremacists and plants contraband in Maria's bunk, Maria retaliates by kidnapping her and having her branded with a swastika.[15]
Critical commentary[edit]
According to Todd VanDerWerff of Vox Media's Vox.com Chapman was a character with "tricky contradictions and likability issues".[16] In reviewing season 1, Matthew Wolfson Slant Magazine describes Chapman as "a familiar vessel through which to comprehend prison's unfamiliar terrain".[17] Over the course of the first season, the show becomes less focused on Chapman, according to James Poniewozik of Time.[18] The Boston Globe describes Chapman's assimilation into prison as a display of "Martha Stewart-like efforts to survive".[7] At the time of the Golden Globe Award nomination, Entertainment Weekly described Chapman in prison as a woman who was "totally out of her element" and said that the role was dichotomous with demands to "vacillate between being sympathy-worthy and trying fans’ patience with Chapman’s entitlement".[19] Tom Meltzer of The Guardian wrote "Chapman's romantic and rebellious re-awakening drives the show, but it is the ensemble that kept us coming back for more".[20]
By season 2, Piper remained a main character of an ensemble cast but not the central character according to IGN's Matt Fowler.[21] Liz Raftery of TV Guide says "There's a lot going on in Season 2 of Netflix's Orange Is the New Black, and very little of it has to do with Piper Chapman".[22] Rob Sheffield of Rolling Stone considered that the show's ensemble focus has turned Piper into "dead weight" and "nobody would argue that an early parole for her would hurt the show".[23] As he reviewed season 2, The Huffington Post Canada entertainment editor Chris Jancelewicz, opined that "Schilling's deadpan expressions and snap comedic timing help us empathize and grow to love her" as her character became more understandable.[24] Alicia Lutes of MTV wrote that as of Season 2 the show is about Piper understanding herself and her capabilities better "even if those abilities put her further in the muck" and not about her possible reformation.[25]
Sarene Leeds of The Wall Street Journal stated that in Season 3 Piper changed from being "a gangsta wannabe into a dangerous villain that is not to be crossed" after planting contraband in girlfriend Stella's bed to get her sent to the maximum security unit in retaliation for Stella stealing from her; Leeds argued that the change "is a necessary plot device to keep things interesting" even though she did not like the new version of Piper.[26] Drew Millard of Vice wrote that Season 3 Piper went "completely off the deep end" and changed "into the most unlikable version of herself", making her "deadweight on a show that was at first strictly about her."[27] Kerman stated that even though she still found the series to be entertaining, she could no longer relate to Piper Chapman.[28] Sadie Gennis of TV Guide also suggested removing Chapman from the show.[29]
Schilling has been nominated for awards in both comedy and drama categories: Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series at the 66th Primetime Emmy Awards and Best Actress – Television Series Drama at the 71st Golden Globe Awards and won Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy at the 18th Satellite Awards for her season 1 performance.[30][31][32] Her season 2 performance earned a 72nd Golden Globe Awards nomination for Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy,[33] and a 19th Satellite Awards nomination for Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy.[34] Her season 3 performance won Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy at the 20th Satellite Awards.[35]
See also[edit]
List of Orange Is the New Black characters
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Behind 'The New Black': The Real Piper's Prison Story". NPR. August 12, 2013. Retrieved September 5, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Carswell, Sue (April 15, 2014). "The Real Alex of Orange Is the New Black Speaks for the First Time: "I Was Not Piper's First, and I Certainly Did Not Seduce Her"". Vanity Fair. Retrieved September 5, 2014.
Jump up ^ Heinzmann, David (November 14, 2013). "'Orange is New Black' drug case still open in Chicago federal court". Chicago Tribune. p. 2 (online). Retrieved September 5, 2014.
Jump up ^ May, Meredith (July 27, 2014). "'Orange Is the New Black' TV series reflects couple's reality". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved September 5, 2014.
Jump up ^ Macke, Johnni. "Revealed: How Katie Holmes was almost cast as Taylor Schilling's drug smuggling character Piper in Orange Is The New Black." The Daily Mail. August 5, 2014. Retrieved on June 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Stern, Marlow (July 30, 2013). "'Orange Is the New Black' Star Taylor Schilling on Her Path to Prison". The Daily Beast. Retrieved October 4, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Gilbert, Matthew (July 10, 2013). "'Orange Is the New Black': Yuppie, interrupted". The Boston Globe. Retrieved October 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ Tannenbaum, Emily (2018-08-03). "Taylor Schilling Is Ready to Hang Up Her Orange Jumpsuit". Elle. Retrieved 2018-10-15.
Jump up ^ "How Much Time Do the Women of Orange Is the New Black Have Left in Their Sentences?". Vulture. Retrieved 2017-04-10.
Jump up ^ Hooton, Christopher (June 4, 2014). "Orange Is The New Black: Season 1 recap ahead of the new episodes". The Independent. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ Schaefer, Megan (June 3, 2014). "'Orange Is The New Black' Season 1 Recap: Everything To Know Before The Season 2 Premiere". International Business Times. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Surette, Tim. "Orange Is the New Black Season 2 Review, Part 1 (Episodes 1-6): Conflict Over Community". TV.com. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ Jancelewicz, Chris. "Taylor Schilling, 'Orange Is The New Black' Star, On Season 2 And Playing The Ever-Evolving Piper". The Huffington Post. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
Jump up ^ Surette, Tim. "Orange Is the New Black Season 2 Review, Part 2 (Episodes 7-13): Fight the Power". TV.com. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ VanArendonk, Kathryn. "Orange Is the New Black Recap: Piper the Nazi." Vulture. June 17, 2016. Retrieved on July 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ VanDerWerff, Todd (August 25, 2014). "Here's who will win, might win, and should win at the Emmys". Vox.com. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ Wolfson, Matthew (July 16, 2013). "Orange Is the New Black: Season One". Slant Magazine. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
Jump up ^ Poniewozik, James (July 25, 2013). "Dead Tree Alert: Orange Is the New Black Is the New Way of Talking About TV: Netflix's newest and best series is powerfully about community. But it's also, for better or worse, changing the community of the TV watercooler". Time. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
Jump up ^ Strecker, Erin (December 12, 2013). "Taylor Schilling on her Golden Globes nomination: 'This whole thing feels like a dream'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
Jump up ^ Meltzer, Tom (December 17, 2013). "The best TV of 2013: No 6 – Orange is the New Black (Netflix)". The Guardian. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
Jump up ^ Fowler, Matt (June 14, 2014). "Orange is the New Black: Season 2 Review". IGN. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
Jump up ^ Raftery, Liz (August 5, 2014). "OITNB: Do You Love or Hate Piper? Taylor Schilling Says She's "Just Being Herself"". TV Guide. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
Jump up ^ "25 Best TV Shows of 2015". Rolling Stone. December 2, 2015. Retrieved April 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ Jancelewicz, Chris (July 3, 2014). "Orange Is The New Black Review: Time Behind Bars Shouldn't Be This Fun". The Huffington Post Canada. Retrieved October 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ Lutes, Alicia. "We’re So Mad at Piper After That ‘Orange is The New Black’ Premiere." MTV. June 6, 2014. Retrieved on April 14, 2016.
Jump up ^ Leeds, Sarene. "Why Piper’s Turn to the Dark Side on ‘Orange Is the New Black’ Works." The Wall Street Journal. June 22, 2015. Retrieved on March 31, 2016.
Jump up ^ Millard, Drew. "Will Someone Please, for the Love of God, Kill Piper on 'Orange Is the New Black'?" (Archive). Vice. June 30, 2015. Retrieved on March 31, 2016.
Jump up ^ Parker, Maggie. "Piper Kerman Has a Really Unexpected Answer for Who Should Be Piper's Endgame Love Interest on OITNB" (Archive). People. June 12, 2015. Retrieved on March 31, 2016. "While she can't really relate to Chapman anymore, she still finds the show wildly entertaining."
Jump up ^ Gennis, Sadie. "Orange Is the New Black: It's Time for Piper to Go." TV Guide. June 19, 2016. Retrieved on July 26, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Primetime Emmy Awards 2014: The winners list". CNN. August 26, 2014. Retrieved September 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ Farley, Christopher John (December 12, 2013). "Golden Globes Nominations 2014: '12 Years a Slave,' 'American Hustle' Lead Field". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved September 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ Kilday, Gregg (February 23, 2014). "Satellite Awards: '12 Years a Slave' Wins Best Motion Picture". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ Mitovich, Matt Webb (December 11, 2014). "Golden Globes: Fargo, True Detective Lead Nominations; Jane the Virgin, Transparent Score Multiple Nods". TVLine. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
Jump up ^ "2014 Satellite Awards". International Press Academy. Retrieved April 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ "2015 Satellite Awards". International Press Academy. Retrieved April 16, 2016.
External links[edit]
Piper Chapman on IMDb
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