text:
Match
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
It has been suggested that Matchbox be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since May 2018.
For other uses, see Match (disambiguation).
"Matchstick" redirects here. For other uses of "matchstick", see Matchstick (disambiguation).
An igniting match
A match is a tool for starting a fire. Typically, modern matches are made of small wooden sticks or stiff paper. One end is coated with a material that can be ignited by frictional heat generated by striking the match against a suitable surface.[1] Wooden matches are packaged in matchboxes, and paper matches are partially cut into rows and stapled into matchbooks. The coated end of a match, known as the match "head", consists of a bead of active ingredients and binder; often colored for easier inspection. There are two main types of matches: safety matches, which can be struck only against a specially prepared surface, and strike-anywhere matches, for which any suitably frictional surface can be used.
Contents
[hide]
1 Etymology
2 History
2.1 Early matches
2.2 Chemical matches
2.3 Friction matches
2.4 Replacement of white phosphorus
2.5 Safety matches
3 Varieties of matches today
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Etymology[edit]
Match heads
Historically, the term match referred to lengths of cord (later cambric) impregnated with chemicals, and allowed to burn continuously.[1] These were used to light fires and fire guns (see matchlock) and cannons (see linstock).[2] Such matches were characterised by their burning speed i.e. quick match and slow match. Depending on its formulation, a slow match burns at a rate of around 30 cm (1 ft) per hour and a quick match at 4 to 60 centimetres (2 to 24 in) per minute.
The modern equivalent of this sort of match is the simple fuse, still used in pyrotechnics to obtain a controlled time delay before ignition.[3] The original meaning of the word still persists in some pyrotechnics terms, such as black match (a black-powder-impregnated fuse) and Bengal match (a firework akin to sparklers producing a relatively long-burning, coloured flame). But, when friction matches became commonplace, they became the main object meant by the term.
The word "match" derives from Old French "mèche" referring to the wick of a candle.[4]
History[edit]
Early matches[edit]
A note in the text Cho Keng Lu, written in 1366, describes a sulfur match, small sticks of pinewood impregnated with sulfur, used in China by "impoverished court ladies" in AD 577 during the conquest of Northern Qi.[5] During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (AD 907–960), a book called the Records of the Unworldly and the Strange written by Chinese author Tao Gu in about 950 stated:
If there occurs an emergency at night it may take some time to make a light to light a lamp. But an ingenious man devised the system of impregnating little sticks of pinewood with sulfur and storing them ready for use. At the slightest touch of fire, they burst into flame. One gets a little flame like an ear of corn. This marvelous thing was formerly called a "light-bringing slave", but afterward when it became an article of commerce its name was changed to 'fire inch-stick'.[5]
Another text, Wu Lin Chiu Shih, dated from 1270 AD, lists sulfur matches as something that was sold in the markets of Hangzhou, around the time of Marco Polo's visit. The matches were known as fa chu or tshui erh.[5]
Chemical matches[edit]
The Alchemist in Search of the Philosophers Stone (1771) by Joseph Wright depicting Hennig Brand discovering phosphorus.
Prior to the use of matches, fires were sometimes lit using a burning glass (a lens) to focus the sun on tinder, a method that could only work on sunny days. Another more common method was igniting tinder with sparks produced by striking flint and steel, or by sharply increasing air pressure in a fire piston. Early work had been done by alchemist Hennig Brand, who discovered the flammable nature of phosphorus in 1669.[6] Others, including Robert Boyle and his assistant, Ambrose Godfrey, continued these experiments in the 1680s with phosphorus and sulfur, but their efforts did not produce practical and inexpensive methods for generating fires.[7]
A number of different ways were employed in order to light smoking tobacco: One was the use of a spill, a thin object something like a straw, rolled paper, or a thin candle, which would be lit from a nearby, already existing flame and then used to light the pipe or cigar - most often kept near the fireplace in a spill vase.[8] Another method saw the use of a striker, a tool that looked like scissors, but with flint on one "blade" and steel on the other. These would then be rubbed together, ultimately producing sparks. If neither of these two was available, one could also use ember tongs to pick up a coal from a fire and light the tobacco directly.
The first modern, self-igniting match was invented in 1805 by Jean Chancel, assistant to Professor Louis Jacques Thénard of Paris. The head of the match consisted of a mixture of potassium chlorate, sulfur, sugar, and rubber. The match was ignited by dipping its tip in a small asbestos bottle filled with sulfuric acid.[3] This kind of match was quite expensive, however, and its use was also relatively dangerous, so Chancel's matches never really became widely adopted or in commonplace use.
This approach to match making was further refined in the proceeding decades, culminating with the 'Promethean Match' that was patented by Samuel Jones of London in 1828. His match consisted of a small glass capsule containing a chemical composition of sulfuric acid colored with indigo and coated on the exterior with potassium chlorate, all of which was wrapped up in rolls of paper. The immediate ignition of this particular form of a match was achieved by crushing the capsule with a pair of pliers, mixing and releasing the ingredients in order for it to become alight.
Sulphur-head matches, 1828, lit by dipping into a bottle of phosphorus
In London, similar matches meant for lighting cigars were introduced in 1849 by Heurtner who had a shop called the Lighthouse in the Strand. One version that he sold was called "Euperion" (sometimes "Empyrion") which was popular for kitchen use and nicknamed as "Hugh Perry", while another meant for outdoor use was called a "Vesuvian" or "flamer".[9] The head was large and contained niter, charcoal and wood dust, and had a phosphorus tip. The handle was large and made of hardwood so as to burn vigorously and last for a while. Some even had glass stems.[10] Both Vesuvians and Prometheans had a bulb of sulfuric acid at the tip which had to be broken to start the reaction.[11]
Samuel Jones introduced fuzees for lighting cigars and pipes in 1832. A similar invention was patented in 1839 by John Hucks Stevens in America.[12]
In 1832, William Newton patented the "wax vesta" in England. It consisted of a wax stem that embedded cotton threads and had a tip of phosphorus. Variants known as "candle matches" were made by Savaresse and Merckel in 1836.[10] John Hucks Stevens also patented a safety version of the friction match in 1839.[13]
Friction matches[edit]
A tin "Congreves" matchbox (1827), produced by John Walker, inventor of the friction match.
Chemical matches were unable to make the leap into mass production, due to the expense, their cumbersome nature and inherent danger. An alternative method was to produce the ignition through friction produced by rubbing two rough surfaces together. An early example was made by François Derosne in 1816. His crude match was called a briquet phosphorique and it used a sulfur-tipped match to scrape inside a tube coated internally with phosphorus. It was both inconvenient and unsafe.[14][15]
The first successful friction match was invented in 1826 by English chemist John Walker, a chemist and druggist from Stockton-on-Tees, County Durham. He developed a keen interest in trying to find a means of obtaining fire easily. Several chemical mixtures were already known which would ignite by a sudden explosion, but it had not been found possible to transmit the flame to a slow-burning substance like wood. While Walker was preparing a lighting mixture on one occasion, a match which had been dipped in it took fire by an accidental friction upon the hearth. He at once appreciated the practical value of the discovery, and started making friction matches. They consisted of wooden splints or sticks of cardboard coated with sulphur and tipped with a mixture of sulphide of antimony, chlorate of potash, and gum. The treatment with sulphur helped the splints to catch fire, and the odor was improved by the addition of camphor.[6] The price of a box of 50 matches was one shilling. With each box was supplied a piece of sandpaper, folded double, through which the match had to be drawn to ignite it. Walker named the matches "Congreves" in honour of the inventor and rocket pioneer, Sir William Congreve. He did not divulge the exact composition of his matches.[16] Between 1827 and 1829, Walker made about 168 sales of his matches. It was however dangerous and flaming balls sometimes fell to the floor burning carpets and dresses, leading to their ban in France and Germany.[11] Walker either refused or neglected to patent his invention.[6][17]
In 1829, Scots inventor Sir Isaac Holden invented an improved version of Walker's match and demonstrated it to his class at Castle Academy in Reading, Berkshire. Holden did not patent his invention and claimed that one of his pupils wrote to his father Samuel Jones, a chemist in London who commercialised his process.[18] A version of Holden's match was patented by Samuel Jones, and these were sold as lucifer matches. These early matches had a number of problems - an initial violent reaction, an unsteady flame and unpleasant odor and fumes. Lucifers could ignite explosively, sometimes throwing sparks a considerable distance. Lucifers were manufactured in the United States by Ezekial Byam.[6] The term "lucifer" persisted as slang in the 20th century (for example in the First World War song Pack Up Your Troubles) and matches are still called lucifers in Dutch.
Packing girls at the Bryant & May factory.
Lucifers were, however, quickly replaced after 1830 by matches made according to the process devised by Frenchman Charles Sauria, who substituted white phosphorus for the antimony sulfide.[19] These new phosphorus matches had to be kept in airtight metal boxes but became popular and went by the name of loco foco in the United States, from which was derived the name of a political party.[20] The earliest American patent for the phosphorus friction match was granted in 1836 to Alonzo Dwight Phillips of Springfield, Massachusetts.[21]
From 1830 to 1890, the composition of these matches remained largely unchanged, although some improvements were made. In 1843 William Ashgard replaced the sulfur with beeswax, reducing the pungency of the fumes. This was replaced by paraffin in 1862 by Charles W. Smith, resulting in what were called "parlor matches". From 1870 the end of the splint was fireproofed by impregnation with fire-retardant chemicals such as alum, sodium silicate, and other salts resulting in what was commonly called a "drunkard's match" that prevented the accidental burning of the user's fingers. Other advances were made for the mass manufacture of matches. Early matches were made from blocks of woods with cuts separating the splints but leaving their bases attached. Later versions were made in the form of thin combs. The splints would be broken away from the comb when required.[10]
A noiseless match was invented in 1836 by the Hungarian János Irinyi, who was a student of chemistry.[22] An unsuccessful experiment by his professor, Meissner, gave Irinyi the idea to replace potassium chlorate with lead dioxide[23] in the head of the phosphorus match.[22] He liquefied phosphorus in warm water and shook it in a glass vial, until it became granulated. He mixed the phosphorus with lead and gum arabic, poured the paste-like mass into a jar, and dipped the pine sticks into the mixture and let them dry. When he tried them that evening, all of them lit evenly. He sold the invention and production rights for these noiseless matches to István Rómer, a Hungarian pharmacist living in Vienna, for 60 forints (about 22.5 oz t of silver). As a match manufacturer, Rómer became rich, and Irinyi went on to publish articles and a textbook on chemistry, and founded several match factories.[22]
Replacement of white phosphorus[edit]
The London matchgirls strike of 1888 campaigned against the use of white phosphorus in match making, which led to bone disorders such as phossy jaw.
Those involved in the manufacture of the new phosphorus matches were afflicted with phossy jaw and other bone disorders,[24] and there was enough white phosphorus in one pack to kill a person. Deaths and suicides from eating the heads of matches became frequent. The earliest report of phosphorus necrosis was made in 1845 by Lorinser in Vienna, and a New York surgeon published a pamphlet with notes on nine cases.[25][26]
The conditions of working class women at the Bryant & May factories led to the London matchgirls strike of 1888. The strike was focused on the severe health complications of working with white phosphorus, such as phossy jaw.[27] Social activist Annie Besant published an article in her halfpenny weekly paper The Link on 23 June 1888.[28] A strike fund was set up and some newspapers collected donations from readers. The women and girls also solicited contributions. Members of the Fabian Society, including George Bernard Shaw, Sidney Webb, and Graham Wallas, were involved in the distribution of the cash collected.[29] The strike and negative publicity led to changes being made to limit the health effects of the inhalation of white phosphorus.
Attempts were made to reduce the ill-effects on workers through the introduction of inspections and regulations. Anton Schrötter von Kristelli discovered in 1850 that heating white phosphorus at 250 °C in an inert atmosphere produced a red allotropic form, which did not fume in contact with air. It was suggested that this would make a suitable substitute in match manufacture although it was slightly more expensive.[30] Two French chemists, Henri Savene and Emile David Cahen, proved in 1898 that the addition of phosphorus sesquisulfide meant that the substance was not poisonous, that it could be used in a "strike-anywhere" match, and that the match heads were not explosive.[31][31]
New York Times report dated January 29, 1911
British company Albright and Wilson, was the first company to produce phosphorus sesquisulfide matches commercially. The company developed a safe means of making commercial quantities of phosphorus sesquisulfide in 1899 and started selling it to match manufacturers.[32][33] White phosphorus however continued to be used, and its serious effects led many countries to ban its use. Finland prohibited the use of white phosphorus in 1872, followed by Denmark in 1874, France in 1897, Switzerland in 1898, and the Netherlands in 1901.[25] An agreement, the Berne Convention, was reached at Bern, Switzerland, in September 1906, which banned the use of white phosphorus in matches.[34] This required each country to pass laws prohibiting the use of white phosphorus in matches. The United Kingdom passed a law in 1908 prohibiting its use in matches after 31 December 1910. The United States did not pass a law, but instead placed a "punitive tax" in 1913 on white phosphorus–based matches, one so high as to render their manufacture financially impractical, and Canada banned them in 1914.[35] India and Japan banned them in 1919; China followed, banning them in 1925.
In 1901 Albright and Wilson started making phosphorus sesquisulfide at their Niagara Falls, New York plant for the US market, but American manufacturers continued to use white phosphorus matches.[31] The Niagara Falls plant made them until 1910, when the United States Congress forbade the shipment of white phosphorus matches in interstate commerce.[32]
Safety matches[edit]
Jönköpings safety match industry 1872.
The dangers of white phosphorus in the manufacture of matches led to the development of the "hygienic" or safety match. The major innovation in its development was the use of red phosphorus, not on the head of the match but instead on a specially designed striking surface.
Arthur Albright developed the industrial process for large-scale manufacture of red phosphorus after Schrötter’s discoveries became known. By 1851, his company was producing the substance by heating white phosphorus in a sealed pot at a specific temperature. He exhibited his red phosphorus in 1851, at The Great Exhibition in London.
The idea of creating a specially designed striking surface was developed in 1844 by the Swede Gustaf Erik Pasch. Pasch patented the use of red phosphorus in the striking surface. He found that this could ignite heads that did not need to contain white phosphorus. Johan Edvard and his younger brother Carl Frans Lundström (1823–1917) started a large-scale match industry in Jönköping, Sweden around 1847, but the improved safety match was not introduced until around 1850–55. The Lundström brothers had obtained a sample of red phosphorus matches from Arthur Albright at The Great Exhibition, held at The Crystal Palace in 1851,[36] but had misplaced it and therefore they did not try the matches until just before the Paris Exhibition of 1855 when they found that the matches were still usable.[36] In 1858 their company produced around 12 million matchboxes.[33]
Super Deportistas matches from mid 20th century Mexico, part of the permanent collection of the Museo del Objeto del Objeto in Mexico City.
The safety of true "safety matches" is derived from the separation of the reactive ingredients between a match head on the end of a paraffin-impregnated splint and the special striking surface (in addition to the safety aspect of replacing the white phosphorus with red phosphorus). The idea for separating the chemicals had been introduced in 1859 in the form of two-headed matches known in France as Allumettes Androgynes. These were sticks with one end made of potassium chlorate and the other of red phosphorus. They had to be broken and the heads rubbed together.[33] There was however a risk of the heads rubbing each other accidentally in their box. Such dangers were removed when the striking surface was moved to the outside of the box. The development of a specialized matchbook with both matches and a striking surface occurred in the 1890s with the American Joshua Pusey, who sold his patent to the Diamond Match Company.
A match at the beginning of the combustion process
The striking surface on modern matchboxes is typically composed of 25% powdered glass or other abrasive material, 50% red phosphorus, 5% neutralizer, 4% carbon black, and 16% binder; and the match head is typically composed of 45–55% potassium chlorate, with a little sulfur and starch, a neutralizer (ZnO or CaCO
3), 20–40% of siliceous filler, diatomite, and glue.[37] Some heads contain antimony(III) sulfide to make them burn more vigorously. Safety matches ignite due to the extreme reactivity of phosphorus with the potassium chlorate in the match head. When the match is struck the phosphorus and chlorate mix in a small amount forming something akin to the explosive Armstrong's mixture which ignites due to the friction.
The Swedes long held a virtual worldwide monopoly on safety matches, with the industry mainly situated in Jönköping, by 1903 called Jönköpings & Vulcans Tändsticksfabriks AB.[38] In France, they sold the rights to their safety match patent to Coigent Père & Fils of Lyon, but Coigent contested the payment in the French courts, on the basis that the invention was known in Vienna before the Lundström brothers patented it.[38] The British match manufacturer Bryant and May visited Jönköping in 1858 to try to obtain a supply of safety matches, but it was unsuccessful. In 1862 it established its own factory and bought the rights for the British safety match patent from the Lundström brothers.[38]
Varieties of matches today[edit]
Friction matches made with white phosphorus as well as those made from phosphorus sesquisulfide can be struck on any suitable surface. They have remained particularly popular in the United States, even when safety matches had become common in Europe, and are still widely used today around the world, including in many developing countries,[33] for such uses as camping, outdoor activities, emergency/survival situations, and stocking homemade survival kits.[39][40] However, strike-anywhere matches are banned on all kinds of aircraft under the "dangerous goods" classification U.N. 1331, Matches, strike-anywhere.[41]
Safety matches are classified as dangerous goods, "U.N. 1944, Matches, safety". They are not universally forbidden on aircraft; however, they must be declared as dangerous goods and individual airlines or countries may impose tighter restrictions.[41]
Storm matches, also known as lifeboat matches or flare matches, are often included in survival kits. They have a strikeable tip similar to a normal match, but the combustible compound – including an oxidiser – continues down the length of the stick, coating half or more of the entire matchstick. The match also has a waterproof coating (which often makes the match more difficult to light), and often storm matches are longer than standard matches. As a result of the combustible coating, storm matches burn strongly even in strong winds, and can even spontaneously re-ignite after being briefly immersed under water. The pyrotechnics compound burns self-sustained.
The hobby of collecting match-related items, such as matchcovers and matchbox labels, is known as phillumeny.
Ignition of a match
Matches with an intellectual pastime printed
Household safety matches
See also[edit]
Fire piston
Firelighting
Hendrick Lucifer
Ivar Kreuger
John Leonard Orr
Lighter
London matchgirls strike of 1888
Permanent Match
Swedish Match
"The Little Match Girl"
The Safety Matches
Vesta case
White phosphorus munitions
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Concise Oxford Dictionary (10 ed.). London: Oxford University Press. 1999.
Jump up ^ Sawyer, C. W. (1910). Firearms in American history 1600–1800. p. 5.
^ Jump up to: a b Barnett, E. de Barry (1919). Rideal, Samuel, ed. Explosives. New York: D. Van Nostrand Co. pp. 158, 162–170.
Jump up ^ Whiter W (1825). Etymologicon universale: or, Universal etymological dictionary. 2. p. 428. Archived from the original on 17 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Joseph Needham (1 January 1962). Science and Civilization in China: Volume 4, Physics and Physical Technology; Part 1, Physics. Cambridge University Press. pp. 70–71. ISBN 978-0-521-05802-5. Archived from the original on 2 January 2014. sulphur matches were certainly sold in the markets of Hangchow when Marco Polo was there
^ Jump up to: a b c d Crass, M. F., Jr. (1941). "A history of the match industry. Part 1". Journal of Chemical Education. 18 (3): 116–120. Bibcode:1941JChEd..18..116C. doi:10.1021/ed018p116. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ Carlisle, Rodney (2004). Scientific American Inventions and Discoveries. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. p. 275. ISBN 0-471-24410-4.
Jump up ^ "Early American Glass Spill Holders". Archived from the original on 7 May 2015.
Jump up ^ Wisniak, Jaime (2005). "Matches—The manufacture of fire" (PDF). Indian Journal of Chemical Technology. 12: 369–380. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 November 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c Crass, M. F., Jr. (1941). "A history of the match industry. Part 3". Journal of Chemical Education. 18 (6): 277–282. Bibcode:1941JChEd..18..277C. doi:10.1021/ed018p277. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Jump up to: a b Tomlinson, C. (1898). "The Inventor of Lucifer Matches". Notes and Queries. 8 (4): 70–71.
Jump up ^ Stevens, John Hucks (16 November 1839), U.S. Patent Number 1,414, Improved Friction-Match for Retaining Fire, Entitled Stevens’ "Fusse Cigar-Light", archived from the original on 16 June 2014
Jump up ^ Stevens, John Hucks (16 November 1839), U.S. Patent Number 1,412A, Improvement in the Manufacture of Friction-Matches for Preserving Them From Accidental Ignition, archived from the original on 16 June 2014
Jump up ^ "Francois Derosne - French inventor". Archived from the original on 6 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Encyclopædia Britannica (2012)
Jump up ^ "Walker, John (1781?-1859)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
Jump up ^ Brewis, W, Parke (1909). "Curator's Report for 1909". Archaeologia Aeliana. Third Series. 6: xviii-xix. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ John Wesley Hanson (1900) Wonders of the nineteenth century: a panoramic review of the inventions and discoveries of the past hundred years, W. B. Conkey Publishers, Chicago
Jump up ^ Lewis R. Goldfrank; Neal Flomenbaum (2006). Goldfrank's toxicologic emergencies. McGraw-Hill Professional. pp. 1486–. ISBN 978-0-07-147914-1. Archived from the original on 9 July 2014. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
Jump up ^ Hatfield, J. (1856). "History of American Friction Matches". Scientific American. 11 (49): 387–387.
Jump up ^ us, D. Phillips, published 1836-10-24
^ Jump up to: a b c "János Irinyi". Hungarian Patent Office. Archived from the original on 4 March 2010. Retrieved 18 March 2008.
Jump up ^ "Development of matches". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 18 March 2008.
Jump up ^ Hughes, J. P. W; Baron, R.; Buckland, D. H., Cooke, M. A.; Craig, J. D.; Duffield, D. P.; Grosart, A. W.; Parkes, P. W. J.; & Porter, A. (1962). "Phosphorus Necrosis of the Jaw: A Present-day Study: With Clinical and Biochemical Studies". Br. J. Ind. Med. 19 (2): 83–99. doi:10.1136/oem.19.2.83. PMC 1038164  . PMID 14449812. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Jump up to: a b Crass, M. F., Jr. (1941). "A history of the match industry. Part 9" (PDF). Journal of Chemical Education. 18 (9): 428–431. Bibcode:1941JChEd..18..428C. doi:10.1021/ed018p428. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ Oliver, Thomas (1906). Industrial disease due to certain poisonous fumes or gases. Archives of the Public Health Laboratory. 1. Manchester University Press. pp. 1–21.
Jump up ^ "Matchgirls Strike". Spartacus Educational. Archived from the original on 13 May 2012. Retrieved 19 May 2006.
Jump up ^ "White slavery in London". Archived 19 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine. The Link, Issue no. 21 (via Tower Hamlets' Local History Library and Archives)
Jump up ^ Raw p. 137
Jump up ^ Kohn, Moritz (1944). "The discovery of red phosphorus (1847) by Anton von Schrötter (1802–1875)" (PDF). J. Chem. Educ. 21 (11): 522, 554. Bibcode:1944JChEd..21..522K. doi:10.1021/ed021p522. [permanent dead link]
^ Jump up to: a b c Threfall (1951), "Chapter IX: The Second generation: 1880–1915: part II: The Private Limited Company"
^ Jump up to: a b Threfall (1951)
^ Jump up to: a b c d Crass, M. F., Jr. (1941). "A history of the match industry. Part 5" (PDF). Journal of Chemical Education. 18 (7): 316–319. Bibcode:1941JChEd..18..316C. doi:10.1021/ed018p316. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ Charnovitz, Steve (1987). "The Influence of International Labour Standards on the World Trading Regime. A Historical Overview". International Labour Review. 126 (5): 565, 571.
Jump up ^ Donalda Charron and the E.B. Eddy Match Company Archived 8 August 2014 at the Wayback Machine.. National Capital Commission. museevirtuel-virtualmuseum.ca
^ Jump up to: a b Threfall (1951), Chapter V: "The Foundations, 1855–56: the phosphorus retort"
Jump up ^ "Fire". Archived from the original on 4 November 2011. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c Threfall (1951), Appendix A to Chapter V: "The Match Industry"
Jump up ^ Staff (10 March 2012). "Legality Of Strike Anywhere Matches Is Up For Debate". PRWeb.com. Archived from the original on 10 July 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
Jump up ^ McCafferty, Keith (10 November 2009). "Strike Anywhere: The Best Matches for Survival Situations". Field & Stream. Archived from the original on 19 August 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b IATA (2007). Dangerous Goods Regulations: Effective 1 January – 31 December 2007. Produced in consultation with ICAO. Montreal: International Air Transport Association. ISBN 92-9195-780-1.
External links[edit]
Look up match in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Matches.
"History of Chemical Matches". Chemistry.about.com.
"The History of Matches". Inventors.about.com.
"Making 125,000 Matches An Hour", August 1946, Popular Science article on the modern mass production of wooden stem matches
"History of matchbooks". Matchcovers.com/first100.htm. Archived from the original on 16 February 2006.
"The Rathkamp Matchcover Society". matchcover.org. library.thinkquest.org/23062/match.htm
"Lighting a Match", Royal Institution video on the ignition process
Chemistry of Matches, Graphics and Video
[hide]
v
t
e
Firelighting
Campfire
Bonfire
Glossary
Components
Ember
Fire triangle
Firewood
Spark
Tinder
Wood ash
Wood fuel
Topics
Autoignition temperature
Combustion
Friction fire
Minimum ignition energy
Smouldering
Early starters
Burning glass (Solar Spark Lighter)
Fire piston
Fire plough
Fire-saw
Fire striker
Flint
Hand drill
Bow drill
Pump drill
Modern starters
Match
Chisquero
Black match
Electric match
Ferrocerium
Lighter
Blowtorch
Other equipment
Char cloth
Feather stick
Fire pan
Fire pit
Fire ring
Matchbook
Matchbox
Punk
Tinderbox
Torch
Chuckmuck
Related articles
Arson
Control of fire by early humans
Native American use of fire
Outdoor cooking
Firem'n Chit
Pyrolysis
Pyromania
Survival skills
Fire portal
Authority control
GND: 4134278-1
NDL: 00567528
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Match&oldid=843192720"
Categories:
Matches (firelighting)
Camping equipment
Chinese inventions
English inventions
Firelighting
German inventions
Hungarian inventions
Scottish inventions
Hidden categories:
CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list
CS1: Julian–Gregorian uncertainty
Articles incorporating DNB text with Wikisource reference
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from December 2017
Articles with permanently dead external links
Webarchive template wayback links
Articles with dead external links from June 2017
Articles to be merged from May 2018
All articles to be merged
Use dmy dates from February 2012
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Azərbaycanca
বাংলা
Bân-lâm-gú
Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
Български
Boarisch
Bosanski
Català
Čeština
Corsu
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Emiliàn e rumagnòl
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Galego
한국어
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Hrvatski
Ido
Bahasa Indonesia
Íslenska
Italiano
עברית
Basa Jawa
ქართული
Қазақша
Kiswahili
Kreyòl ayisyen
Кыргызча
Latina
Latviešu
Lëtzebuergesch
Lietuvių
Limburgs
Lingála
Magyar
მარგალური
Bahasa Melayu
Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄
Mirandés
Мокшень
Nederlands
Nedersaksies
日本語
Napulitano
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча
Pangasinan
Plattdüütsch
Polski
Português
Română
Runa Simi
Русский
Sardu
Sicilianu
සිංහල
Simple English
سنڌي
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
Ślůnski
Soomaaliga
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Basa Sunda
Suomi
Svenska
தமிழ்
Татарча/tatarça
తెలుగు
ไทย
Тоҷикӣ
Türkçe
Українська
اردو
Tiếng Việt
文言
West-Vlams
Winaray
粵語
Žemaitėška
中文
84 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 27 May 2018, at 14:37.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: small

attrs: class role

values:
plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-move
presentation

values:
/wiki/Match_(disambiguation)
mw-disambig
Match (disambiguation)

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

values:
/wiki/Matchstick_(disambiguation)
mw-disambig
Matchstick (disambiguation)

values:
/wiki/Quick_match
mw-redirect
Quick match

values:
/wiki/Black_powder
mw-redirect
Black powder

values:
/wiki/Five_Dynasties_and_Ten_Kingdoms
mw-redirect
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

values:
/wiki/Sir_Isaac_Holden
mw-redirect
Sir Isaac Holden

values:
/wiki/First_World_War
mw-redirect
First World War

values: Pack Up Your Troubles in Your Old Kit-Bag

values:
/wiki/Bryant_%26_May
mw-redirect
Bryant & May

values:
/wiki/Hungarian_people
mw-redirect
Hungarian people

values: Edit section: Replacement of white phosphorus

values:
/wiki/Yellow_phosphorus
mw-redirect
Yellow phosphorus

values:
/wiki/Sidney_Webb
mw-redirect
Sidney Webb

values:
/wiki/New_York_Times
mw-redirect
New York Times

values:
/wiki/Red_phosphorus
mw-redirect
Red phosphorus

values:
/wiki/Antimony(III)_sulfide
mw-redirect
Antimony(III) sulfide

values:
/wiki/Bryant_and_May_Factory,_Bow
mw-redirect
Bryant and May Factory, Bow

values: Edit section: Varieties of matches today

values:
/wiki/Making_fire
mw-redirect
Making fire

values:
/wiki/Permanent_Match
mw-redirect
Permanent Match

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1021%2Fed018p116

values: Category:CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1021%2Fed018p277

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.google.com/patents/US1414

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.google.com/patents/US1412

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1136%2Foem.19.2.83

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14449812

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1021%2Fed018p428

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1021%2Fed021p522

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1021%2Fed018p316

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.matchcovers.com/first100.htm

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.matchcover.org

values:
/wiki/List_of_firelighting_topics
mw-redirect
List of firelighting topics

values:
/wiki/Minimum_ignition_energy
mw-redirect
Minimum ignition energy

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: navigation navbox Firelighting padding:3px

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/4134278-1

values: Category:Articles incorporating DNB text with Wikisource reference

values: Category:All articles with dead external links

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from December 2017

values: Category:Articles with permanently dead external links

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from June 2017

values: Category:Articles to be merged from May 2018

values: Category:Use dmy dates from February 2012

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Match
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values:
/w/index.php?title=Match&action=edit
Edit this page [ctrl-alt-e]
e

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: عود ثقاب – Arabic

values:
https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kibrit
Kibrit – Azerbaijani
az
az
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-az
display: none;

values: দিয়াশলাই – Bangla

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be
display: none;

values: Запалка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bar
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bs
display: none;

values:
https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misto
Misto – Catalan
ca
ca
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-co
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-de
display: none;

values:
https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuletikk
Tuletikk – Estonian
et
et
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-et
display: none;

values: Σπίρτο – Greek

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-el
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eml
display: none;

values:
https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alumeto
Alumeto – Esperanto
eo
eo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eo
display: none;

values:
https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pospolo
Pospolo – Basque
eu
eu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allumette
Allumette – French
fr
fr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fr
display: none;

values:
https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misto
Misto – Galician
gl
gl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hy
display: none;

values: माचिस – Hindi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hr
display: none;

values:
https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alumeto
Alumeto – Ido
io
io
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-io
display: none;

values:
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korek_api
Korek api – Indonesian
id
id
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-is
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: גפרור – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8k
Rèk – Javanese
jv
jv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-jv
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ka
display: none;

values: Сіріңке – Kazakh

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kk
display: none;

values:
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kibiriti
Kibiriti – Swahili
sw
sw
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sw
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ht
display: none;

values: Ширеңке – Kyrgyz

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ky
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-la
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lv
display: none;

values:
https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixspoun
Fixspoun – Luxembourgish
lb
lb
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lb
display: none;

values:
https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degtukas
Degtukas – Lithuanian
lt
lt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lt
display: none;

values:
https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zjwaegel
Zjwaegel – Limburgish
li
li
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-li
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ln
display: none;

values:
https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyufa
Gyufa – Hungarian
hu
hu
interlanguage-link-target

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf
display: none;

values:
https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancis
Mancis – Malay
ms
ms
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl
display: none;

values: Сардоня – Moksha

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ja
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nap
display: none;

values:
https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyrstikk
Fyrstikk – Norwegian
no
no
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyrstikk
Fyrstikk – Norwegian Nynorsk
nn
nn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

values:
https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gugurt
Gugurt – Uzbek
uz
uz
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uz
display: none;

values:
https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforo
Fosforo – Pangasinan
pag
pag
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pag
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nds
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pt
display: none;

values:
https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chibrit
Chibrit – Romanian
ro
ro
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

values:
https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninachaq
Ninachaq – Quechua
qu
qu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-qu
display: none;

values: Спичка – Russian

values:
https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminu
Luminu – Sardinian
sc
sc
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sc
display: none;

values:
https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirinu
Cirinu – Sicilian
scn
scn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-scn
display: none;

values: ගිනිකූර – Sinhala

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-si
display: none;

values:
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Match
Match – Simple English
simple
simple
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values: ماچيس جي تيلي – Sindhi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sd
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-szl
display: none;

values:
https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabriid
Kabriid – Somali
so
so
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-so
display: none;

values: Шибица – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-su
display: none;

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulitikku
Tulitikku – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: தீக்குச்சி – Tamil

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ta
display: none;

values: Шырпы – Tatar

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tt
display: none;

values: అగ్గిపుల్ల – Telugu

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-te
display: none;

values: ไม้ขีดไฟ – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values: Гӯгирд – Tajik

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tg
display: none;

values:
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kibrit
Kibrit – Turkish
tr
tr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: دیا سلائی – Urdu

values:
https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C3%AAm
Diêm – Vietnamese
vi
vi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vls
display: none;

values:
https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puspuro
Puspuro – Waray
war
war
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-war
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Match rootpage-Match skin-vector action-view


text:
2018 U.S. Open (golf)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
2018 Golf Major in Shinnecock Hills, New York
2018 U.S. Open
Tournament information
Dates
June 14–17, 2018
Location
Shinnecock Hills, New York
Course(s)
Shinnecock Hills Golf Club
Organized by
USGA
Tour(s)
PGA Tour
European Tour
Japan Golf Tour
Statistics
Par
70
Length
7,440 yards (6,800 m)
Field
156 players, 67 after cut
Cut
148 (+8)
Prize fund
$12,000,000
€10,244,150
Winner's share
$2,160,000
€1,843,947
Champion
Brooks Koepka
281 (+1)
← 2017
2019 →
Shinnecock
Hills
Location in the United States
Shinnecock
Hills
Location in New York
The 2018 United States Open Championship was the 118th U.S. Open, held June 14–17 at Shinnecock Hills Golf Club in Shinnecock Hills, New York, about eighty miles (130 km) east of New York City on Long Island; it was the fifth time the U.S. Open was held at this course.
Defending champion Brooks Koepka shot a final round 68 for 281 (+1) to win his second straight U.S. Open, one stroke ahead of runner-up Tommy Fleetwood, who closed with the sixth round of 63 in U.S. Open history. Koepka was only the third to successfully defend the title since World War II, following Ben Hogan (1951) and Curtis Strange (1989).
The USGA changed the playoff format in February, from a full round (18 holes) to a two-hole aggregate playoff.[1] Previously, playoffs at the U.S. Open were 18 holes, followed by sudden-death, if needed. The last 18-hole playoff was in 2008, won by Tiger Woods on the first sudden-death hole.
Contents
1 Media
2 Venue
2.1 Course layout
3 Field
3.1 Nationalities in the field
3.2 Past champions in the field
3.2.1 Made the cut
3.2.2 Missed the cut
4 Round summaries
4.1 First round
4.2 Second round
4.3 Third round
4.4 Final round
4.4.1 Scorecard
5 References
6 External links
Media[edit]
This was the fourth U.S. Open televised by Fox and FS1.
Venue[edit]
Main article: Shinnecock Hills Golf Club
Course layout[edit]
Hole
Name
Yards
Par
Hole
Name
Yards
Par
1 Westward Ho 399 4 10 Eastward Ho 415 4
2 Plateau 252 3 11 Hill Head 159 3
3 Peconic 500 4 12 Tuckahoe 469 4
4 Pump House 475 4 13 Road Side 374 4
5 Montauk 589 5 14 Thom's Elbow 519 4
6 Pond 491 4 15 Sebonac 409 4
7 Redan 189 3 16 Shinnecock 616 5
8 Lowlands 439 4 17 Eden 175 3
9 Ben Nevis 485 4 18 Home 485 4
Out 3,819 35 In 3,621 35
Source: Total 7,440 70
Lengths of the course for previous major championships:
6,996 yards (6,397 m), par 70 - 2004 U.S. Open
6,944 yards (6,350 m), par 70 - 1995 U.S. Open
6,912 yards (6,320 m), par 70 - 1986 U.S. Open
4,423 yards (4,044 m), - 1896 U.S. Open
2018 yardages by round
Round
Hole
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Out
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
In
Total
Par 4 3 4 4 5 4 3 4 4 35 4 3 4 4 4 4 5 3 4 35 70
1 Yards 407 252 510 478 592 452 184 439 487 3,801 418 157 462 374 536 404 620 185 491 3,647 7,448
2 Yards 411 234 499 476 583 492 184 448 482 3,809 404 153 476 360 511 420 610 169 490 3,593 7,402
3 Yards 409 239 495 481 591 486 166 448 486 3,801 416 159 465 366 529 416 627 150 485 3,613 7,414
4 Yards 399 264 495 471 597 494 180 435 478 3,813 411 159 472 367 512 408 621 182 486 3,618 7,431
Scoring average: 74.650
by round: 76.474, 73.595, 75.327, 72.180
Most difficult holes in relation to par: 14, 3, 2, 10
Source:[2]
Field[edit]
The first tee and clubhouse
at Shinnecock Hills
About half the field consisted of players who were exempt from qualifying for the U.S. Open. Each player is classified according to the first category in which he qualified, and other categories are shown in parentheses.[3]
1. Winners of the U.S. Open Championship during the last ten years
Lucas Glover, Dustin Johnson (12,13,14), Martin Kaymer, Brooks Koepka (11,12,13,14), Graeme McDowell, Rory McIlroy (6,7,13,14), Justin Rose (12,13,14), Webb Simpson (8,12,13,14), Jordan Spieth (5,6,12,13,14), Tiger Woods
2. Winner and runner-up of the 2017 U.S. Amateur, winner of the 2017 U.S. Junior Amateur and 2017 U.S. Mid-Amateur
Doug Ghim (a), Noah Goodwin (a), Matt Parziale (a)
Doc Redman forfeited his exemption as winner of the U.S. Amateur by turning professional in May 2018.[4]
3. Winner of the 2017 Amateur Championship
Harry Ellis (a)
4. Winner of the 2017 Mark H. McCormack Medal (men's World Amateur Golf Ranking)
Joaquín Niemann forfeited his exemption by turning professional.
5. Winners of the Masters Tournament during the last five years
Sergio García (12,13,14), Patrick Reed (12,13,14), Bubba Watson (13,14), Danny Willett
6. Winners of The Open Championship during the last five years
Zach Johnson (13,14), Phil Mickelson (13,14), Henrik Stenson (13,14)
7. Winners of the PGA Championship during the last five years
Jason Day (8,12,13,14), Jason Dufner (12,13,14), Justin Thomas (11,12,13,14), Jimmy Walker (13,14)
8. Winners of The Players Championship during the last three years
Kim Si-woo (13,14)
9. Winner of the 2018 European Tour BMW PGA Championship
Francesco Molinari (13,14)
10. Winner of the 2017 U.S. Senior Open Championship
Kenny Perry
11. The 10 lowest scorers and anyone tying for 10th place at the 2017 U.S. Open Championship
Tommy Fleetwood (13,14), Rickie Fowler (12,13,14), Bill Haas, Brian Harman (12,13,14), Charley Hoffman (12,13,14), Hideki Matsuyama (12,13,14), Trey Mullinax, Xander Schauffele (12,13,14), Brandt Snedeker
12. Players who qualified for the season-ending 2017 Tour Championship
Daniel Berger (13,14), Patrick Cantlay (13,14), Paul Casey (13,14), Kevin Chappell (13,14), Tony Finau (13,14), Adam Hadwin (13,14), Russell Henley (13,14), Kevin Kisner (13,14), Matt Kuchar (13,14), Marc Leishman (13,14), Pat Perez (13,14), Jon Rahm (13,14), Kyle Stanley (13,14), Jhonattan Vegas, Gary Woodland (13,14)
13. The top 60 point leaders and ties as of May 21, 2018, in the Official World Golf Ranking
Kiradech Aphibarnrat (14), Rafael Cabrera-Bello (14), Bryson DeChambeau (14), Ross Fisher (14), Matthew Fitzpatrick (14), Dylan Frittelli, Branden Grace (14), Chesson Hadley, Tyrrell Hatton (14), Charles Howell III (14), Satoshi Kodaira (14), Alexander Lévy (14), Li Haotong (14), Luke List (14), Alex Norén (14), Louis Oosthuizen (14), Ian Poulter (14), Chez Reavie (14), Charl Schwartzel (14), Cameron Smith (14), Brendan Steele (14), Peter Uihlein (14)
14. The top 60 point leaders and ties as of June 11, 2018, in the Official World Golf Ranking
An Byeong-hun, Emiliano Grillo
15. Special exemptions given by the USGA
Ernie Els, Jim Furyk[5]
The remaining contestants earned their places through sectional qualifiers.
Japan: Shota Akiyoshi, David Bransdon, Liang Wenchong
England: Dean Burmester, Ryan Fox, Scott Gregory, Andrew Johnston, Tom Lewis, James Morrison, Thorbjørn Olesen, Matthieu Pavon, Richie Ramsay, Kristoffer Reitan (a), Jason Scrivener, Matthew Southgate, Matt Wallace, Paul Waring
United States
Daly City, California: Shintaro Ban (a), Franklin Huang (a,L), Park Sung-joon, Rhett Rasmussen (a,L), Yu Chun-an (a)
Jupiter, Florida: Luis Gagne (a,L), Ty Strafaci (a,L), Richy Werenski
Roswell, Georgia: Roberto Castro, Michael Hebert (L), Garrett Rank (a,L)
Rockville, Maryland: Mickey DeMorat (L), Cole Miller (L), Sebastián Muñoz, Tim Wilkinson
Summit, New Jersey: Stewart Hagestad (a), Calum Hill, Theo Humphrey (a), Mike Miller (L), Cameron Wilson
Columbus, Ohio: Aaron Baddeley, Keegan Bradley, Brian Gay, Im Sung-jae, Russell Knox, Shane Lowry, Ryan Lumsden (a,L), Michael Putnam, Patrick Rodgers, Ollie Schniederjans, Adam Scott, Shubhankar Sharma, Harold Varner III, Will Zalatoris
Springfield, Ohio: David Gazzolo (L), Will Grimmer (a,L), Dylan Meyer (L), Brian Stuard, Timothy Wiseman (a,L)
Portland, Oregon: Chris Babcock (L), Michael Block (L), Lucas Herbert, Sulman Raza (L)
Memphis, Tennessee: Eric Axley, Sam Burns, Tyler Duncan, Lanto Griffin, Mackenzie Hughes, Matt Jones, Scott Stallings, Steve Stricker, Braden Thornberry (a), Sebastián Vázquez (L), Aaron Wise
Richmond, Texas: Philip Barbaree (a), Jacob Bergeron (a), Chris Naegel (L)
Alternates who gained entry:
Ryan Evans (England) – claimed spot held for category 14
Rikuya Hoshino (Japan) – claimed spot held for category 14
Scott Piercy (Memphis) – claimed spot held for category 14
Ted Potter Jr. (Columbus) – claimed spot held for category 14
(a) denotes amateur
(L) denotes player advanced through local qualifying
Nationalities in the field[edit]
North America (88)
South America (3)
Europe (35)
Oceania (11)
Asia (13)
Africa (6)
Canada (3) Argentina (1) England (17) Australia (9) China (2) South Africa (6)
Costa Rica (1)^ Colombia (1) Northern Ireland (2) New Zealand (2) India (1)
Mexico (1) Venezuela (1) Scotland (4) Japan (4)
United States (83) Ireland (1) South Korea (4)
Denmark (1) Taiwan (1)
France (2) Thailand (1)
Germany (1)
Italy (1)
Norway (1)
Spain (3)
Sweden (2)
^ Amateur Luis Gagne is a dual-citizen of Costa Rica and the United States.[6] The U.S. Open lists him as representing Costa Rica[7] (as in this table) while the World Amateur Golf Ranking lists him as representing the United States.[8]
Past champions in the field[edit]
Made the cut[edit]
Player
Country
Year won
R1
R2
R3
R4
Total
To par
Finish
Brooks Koepka United States 2017 75 66 72 68 281 +1 1
Dustin Johnson United States 2016 69 67 77 70 283 +3 3
Justin Rose England 2013 71 70 73 73 287 +7 T10
Webb Simpson United States 2012 76 71 71 69 287 +7 T10
Jim Furyk United States 2003 73 71 72 80 296 +16 T48
Source:[9]
Missed the cut[edit]
Player
Country
Year(s) won
R1
R2
Total
To par
Jordan Spieth United States 2015 78 71 149 +9
Graeme McDowell Northern Ireland 2010 79 70 149 +9
Lucas Glover United States 2009 77 72 149 +9
Rory McIlroy Northern Ireland 2011 80 70 150 +10
Tiger Woods United States 2000, 2002, 2008 78 72 150 +10
Ernie Els South Africa 1994, 1997 78 79 157 +17
Martin Kaymer Germany 2014 83 75 158 +18
Source:[9]
Round summaries[edit]
First round[edit]
Thursday, June 14, 2018
Conditions were extremely difficult as gusty winds hung around all day with sunny skies, making the course firm and fast.[10] Only four players broke par, including Dustin Johnson, one of the tournament favorites. The scoring average for the round was 76.47.[11][12]
Place
Player
Country
Score
To par
T1 Russell Henley United States 69 −1
Dustin Johnson United States
Scott Piercy United States
Ian Poulter England
5 Jason Dufner United States 70 E
T6 An Byeong-hun South Korea 71 +1
Sam Burns United States
Charley Hoffman United States
Charles Howell III United States
Matthieu Pavon France
Justin Rose England
Henrik Stenson Sweden
Source:[9]
Second round[edit]
Friday, June 15, 2018
Dustin Johnson held the lead after shooting a 67, four shots ahead of Charley Hoffman and Scott Piercy.[13]
Place
Player
Country
Score
To par
1 Dustin Johnson United States 69-67=136 −4
T2 Charley Hoffman United States 71-69=140 E
Scott Piercy United States 69-71=140
T4 Tommy Fleetwood England 75-66=141 +1
Henrik Stenson Sweden 71-70=141
Justin Rose England 71-70=141
Brooks Koepka United States 75-66=141
Ian Poulter England 69-72=141
T9 Rickie Fowler United States 73-69=142 +2
Russell Henley United States 69-73=142
Source:[9]
Amateurs: Grimmer (+5), Gagne (+7), Parziale (+7), Thornberry (+9), Strafaci (+10), Ghim (+13), Rasmussen (+14), Hagestad (+15), Bergeron (+16), Humphrey (+16), Yu (+17), Huang (+18), Lumsden (+18), Rank (+18), Reitan (+18), Wiseman (+18), Ban (+19), Ellis (+19), Goodwin (+19), Barbaree (+21)
Third round[edit]
Saturday, June 16, 2018
Second round leader Dustin Johnson shot a seven-over 77 to fall into a four-way tie with Daniel Berger, Tony Finau and defending champion Brooks Koepka. Johnson double bogeyed the par-3 2nd and went six-over on the front-nine. He made his only birdie of the round at the 11th to get back to the top of the leaderboard, but three-putted for bogey on 18 to settle for a share of the 54-hole lead. Berger and Finau began the round in 45th place and 11 shots behind, but each shot 66 (−4) for the low round of the day.[14][15][16][17]
Scoring conditions got more difficult as the day went on. Koepka's two-over 72 was the lowest score among the final four groups. Only three rounds in the 60s were recorded, two of them by Berger and Finau. The scoring average for the round was 75.3.[18]
Phil Mickelson incurred a two-shot penalty on the 13th when he walked after his ball which was running slowly away from the hole after his putt and deliberately hit the ball backwards towards the hole while it was still moving. He ended up shooting 81 (+11), equalling his highest score at the U.S. Open.[19][20][21]
Place
Player
Country
Score
To par
T1 Daniel Berger United States 76-71-66=213 +3
Tony Finau United States 75-72-66=213
Dustin Johnson United States 69-67-77=213
Brooks Koepka United States 75-66-72=213
5 Justin Rose England 71-70-73=214 +4
6 Henrik Stenson Sweden 71-70-74=215 +5
T7 Kiradech Aphibarnrat Thailand 76-72-68=216 +6
Jim Furyk United States 73-71-72=216
Patrick Reed United States 73-72-71=216
T10 Brian Gay United States 73-74-70=217 +7
Branden Grace South Africa 76-69-72=217
Tyrrell Hatton England 75-70-72=217
Charley Hoffman United States 71-69-77=217
Dylan Meyer United States 77-69-71=217
Ian Poulter England 69-72-76=217
Source:[9]
Amateurs: Parziale (+11), Gagne (+12), Grimmer (+13)
Final round[edit]
Sunday, June 17, 2018
Brooks Koepka shot a final round 68 (−2) to finish one ahead of Tommy Fleetwood and win the U.S. Open for the second straight year. He was the first to successfully defend the title in 29 years, since Curtis Strange in 1989.
Koepka began the round in a four-way tie for the lead with Dustin Johnson, Daniel Berger, and Tony Finau. He got off to a good start with birdies on three of his first five holes to get to even par and take the lead. At the par-3 11th, his tee shot went into the rough over the green. After chipping into a greenside bunker, he holed a 12-foot (3.7 m) putt to save bogey. At the following hole, he made a six-foot par putt, then at the 14th he got up-and-down to save par from short of the green with an eight-foot putt. Hitting his approach at the par-5 16th to within four feet, he made the birdie to open up a two-shot lead. Despite a bogey at the 18th, Koepka held on win by one.[22]
Fleetwood shot the sixth round of 63 in U.S. Open history to finish in second. He began the round six behind and began by sinking a putt from 56-foot (17 m) at the 2nd and three more birdies on the front-nine. He made four straight birdies on holes 12–15, with putts of 17 feet (5 m) at 12, a 20 feet (6 m) at 14, and 29 feet (9 m) at 15. Fleetwood had an eight-foot putt at the 18th for the first 62 in U.S. Open history, but it slid past the hole that would have forced the first two-hole playoff.[23]
Johnson made birdie at the 5th but three-putted for bogey at the 7th, 11th, 14th, and 17th. He birdied the last to shoot an even-par 70 and finish two shots behind Koepka. Finau bogeyed three of his first four holes but got back to even for the round with a 26-foot birdie at the 11th. He came to the 18th two back of Koepka but made double bogey and ended up in fifth place, four behind. Berger also started his round with two bogeys and finished with a three-over 73 to tie for sixth. Patrick Reed began three shots behind but birdied his first three holes and five of the first seven to tie for the lead. He made four bogeys the rest of the round, however, to fall back to fourth place.[24][25]
With the win, Koepka becomes the seventh player to win consecutive U.S. Opens, and the first since Curtis Strange in 1989.
Place
Player
Country
Score
To par
Money ($)
1 Brooks Koepka United States 75-66-72-68=281 +1 2,160,000
2 Tommy Fleetwood England 75-66-78-63=282 +2 1,296,000
3 Dustin Johnson United States 69-67-77-70=283 +3 812,927
4 Patrick Reed United States 73-72-71-68=284 +4 569,884
5 Tony Finau United States 75-72-66-72=285 +5 474,659
T6 Daniel Berger United States 76-71-66-73=286 +6 361,923
Tyrrell Hatton England 75-70-72-69=286
Xander Schauffele United States 72-74-72-68=286
Henrik Stenson Sweden 71-70-74-71=286
T10 Justin Rose England 71-70-73-73=287 +7 270,151
Webb Simpson United States 76-71-71-69=287
Source:[9]
Amateurs: Gagne (+16), Parziale (+16), Grimmer (+23)
Scorecard[edit]
Final round
Hole
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Par 4 3 4 4 5 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 5 3 4
Koepka +3 +2 +1 +1 E +1 +1 +1 +1 E +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 E E +1
Fleetwood +9 +8 +7 +7 +7 +6 +5 +5 +6 +6 +6 +5 +4 +3 +2 +2 +2 +2
Johnson +3 +3 +3 +3 +2 +2 +3 +2 +2 +2 +3 +3 +3 +4 +3 +3 +4 +3
Reed +5 +4 +3 +3 +2 +2 +1 +1 +2 +2 +3 +4 +4 +4 +3 +3 +3 +4
Finau +3 +4 +5 +6 +5 +5 +6 +5 +4 +4 +3 +4 +4 +3 +3 +3 +3 +5
Berger +3 +4 +5 +5 +4 +5 +5 +5 +5 +4 +4 +4 +4 +4 +5 +5 +6 +6
Cumulative tournament scores, relative to par
Birdie Bogey Double bogey
Source:[9]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "U.S. Open abandons 18 holes for 2-hole playoff". ESPN. Associated Press. February 26, 2018. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
Jump up ^ "118th U.S. Open Championship – Course Statistics". USGA.
Jump up ^ "118th U.S. Open Championship – Entry Form" (PDF). USGA. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
Jump up ^ Herrington, Ryan (May 30, 2018). "U.S. Amateur champion Doc Redman and Western Amateur champ Norman Xiong announce plans to turn pro". Golf World.
Jump up ^ Herrington, Ryan (March 14, 2018). "USGA gives Ernie Els, Jim Furyk special exemptions into 2018 U.S. Open at Shinnecock Hills". Golf Digest.
Jump up ^ Shefter, David (August 16, 2016). "Life's a Beach for Alternate Gagne at Oakland Hills". USGA.
Jump up ^ "Luis Gagne". USGA. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Luis Gagne". World Amateur Golf Ranking. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "U.S. Open: Leaderboard". ESPN. June 15, 2018.
Jump up ^ Murray, Scott (June 14, 2018). "US Open 2018: first round: Dustin Johnson shares lead after brutal day – as it happened". The Guardian. Retrieved June 20, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Dustin Johnson tied for lead after 69". ESPN. June 14, 2018.
Jump up ^ "118th U.S. Open Championship – Course Statistics, Round 1". USGA. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
Jump up ^ Murray, Scott (June 15, 2018). "US Open 2018: second round – as it happened". The Guardian. Retrieved June 20, 2018.
Jump up ^ Herrington, Ryan (June 16, 2018). "U.S. Open 2018: Four players share the 54-hole lead after a crazy Saturday at Shinnecock Hills". Golf Digest. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ Shedloski, Dave (June 16, 2018). "U.S. Open 2018: Dustin Johnson falls back to earth with 77, but still has great chance at title". Golf Digest. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ Kilbridge, Dan (June 16, 2018). "Daniel Berger tames Shinnecock to get in the mix in Round 3 of U.S. Open". Golfweek. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ Murray, Scott (June 16, 2018). "US Open 2018: third round – as it happened". The Guardian. Retrieved June 20, 2018.
Jump up ^ Weinman, Sam (June 16, 2018). "U.S. Open 2018: A stark contrast between morning and afternoon conditions leaves certain players fuming". Golf Digest. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ Lavner, Ryan (June 16, 2018). "Phil takes 2-shot penalty for hitting moving ball". Golf Channel. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ "US Open: Phil Mickelson apologises for putting moving ball". BBC Sport. June 20, 2018. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Phil Mickelson says he's sorry for hitting moving ball during US Open". The Guardian. Press Association. June 20, 2018. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ Ritter, Jeff (June 17, 2018). "Back to back! Brooks Koepka outlasts Tommy Fleetwood to win 118th U.S. Open at Shinnecock Hills". Golf.com. Retrieved June 17, 2018.
Jump up ^ Hoggard, Rex (June 17, 2018). "Fleetwood fires 63, but comes up short at U.S. Open". Golf Channel. Retrieved June 17, 2018.
Jump up ^ Herrington, Ryan (June 17, 2018). "U.S. Open 2018: Brooks Koepka wins U.S. Open, repeats as champion after shooting closing 68 at Shinnecock Hills". Golf Digest. Retrieved June 17, 2018.
Jump up ^ Murray, Ewan (June 18, 2018). "Brooks Koepka makes history in holding off Fleetwood to retain US Open title". The Guardian. Retrieved June 18, 2018.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2018 U.S. Open (golf).
Official website
United States Golf Association
Coverage on the PGA Tour's official site
Coverage on the European Tour's official site
Coverage on the PGA of America's official site
Preceded by
2018 Masters Major Championships Succeeded by
2018 Open Championship
show
v
t
e
2018 Men's Major Golf Championships
The Masters
U.S. Open
The Open Championship
PGA Championship
show
v
t
e
U.S. Open Championships
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
show
v
t
e
Fox USGA
U.S. Opens
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
U.S. Women's Opens
2015
2016
2017
2018
Other events
U.S. Amateur Four-Ball
Curtis Cup
United States Senior Open
U.S. Junior Amateur Golf Championship
U.S. Women's Amateur Championship
U.S. Amateur Championship
U.S. Girls' Junior Golf Championship
U.S. Mid-Amateur Golf Championship
Walker Cup
Related articles
Television contract history
U.S. Open broadcasters
Coordinates: 40°53′38″N 72°26′24″W / 40.894°N 72.440°W / 40.894; -72.440
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2018_U.S._Open_(golf)&oldid=852713805"
Categories:
U.S. Open (golf)
Golf in New York (state)
2018 in golf
2018 in American sports
2018 in sports in New York (state)
June 2018 sports events in the United States
Hidden categories:
Use mdy dates from June 2018
Articles with short description
Official website not in Wikidata
Coordinates not on Wikidata
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Español
Edit links
This page was last edited on 30 July 2018, at 21:40 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: p

attrs: class style

values: shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux

value: caption

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

value: th

attrs: href title

values:
/wiki/European_Tour
mw-redirect
European Tour

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: Shinnecock Hills  is located in New York

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/U.S._Amateur
mw-redirect
U.S. Amateur

values:
/wiki/U.S._Junior_Amateur
mw-redirect
U.S. Junior Amateur

values:
/wiki/U.S._Mid-Amateur
mw-redirect
U.S. Mid-Amateur

values:
/wiki/Amateur_Championship
mw-redirect
Amateur Championship

values:
/wiki/Rafael_Cabrera-Bello
mw-redirect
Rafael Cabrera-Bello

values: Cole Miller (golfer) (page does not exist)

values: Mike Miller (American golfer) (page does not exist)

values: Michael Block (golfer) (page does not exist)

values: Lucas Herbert (golfer) (page does not exist)

values: Edit section: Nationalities in the field

values: Edit section: Past champions in the field

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.bbc.com/sport/golf/44552711

values:
nofollow
http://www.usopen.com/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.usga.org

values:
nofollow
http://www.pga.com/usopen/
external text

values: Template:Golf Major Championships master

values: Template talk:Golf Major Championships master

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values: Template talk:U.S. Open Golf Championships

values: United States Women's Open Championship (golf)

values: 2015 U.S. Women's Open Golf Championship

values: 2016 U.S. Women's Open Golf Championship

values: 2017 U.S. Women's Open Golf Championship

values: 2018 U.S. Women's Open Golf Championship

values:
/wiki/United_States_Senior_Open
mw-redirect
United States Senior Open

values: United States Women's Amateur Golf Championship

values: United States Amateur Championship (golf)

values: United States Girls' Junior Golf Championship

values: Sports broadcasting contracts in the United States

values: Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location

values: Category:2018 in sports in New York (state)

values: Category:June 2018 sports events in the United States

values: Category:Articles with short description

values: Category:Official website not in Wikidata

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/2018_U.S._Open_(golf)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: Abierto de los Estados Unidos 2018 (golf) – Spanish

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-2018_U_S_Open_golf rootpage-2018_U_S_Open_golf skin-vector action-view


text:
Sarah Hyland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 23 October 2018.
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Sarah Hyland
Hyland at the 2015 PaleyFest
Born
Sarah Jane Hyland
(1990-11-24) November 24, 1990 (age 27)
New York City, New York, U.S.
Education
Professional Performing Arts School
Occupation
Actress
Years active
1997–present
Television
Modern Family
Sarah Jane Hyland (born November 24, 1990)[1] is an American actress. Born in New York City, Hyland attended the Professional Performing Arts School in Manhattan, followed by small roles in the films Private Parts (1997), Annie (1999), and Blind Date (2007).
She gained her first major role as Haley Dunphy on the ABC sitcom Modern Family, for which she has received critical acclaim and numerous accolades and nominations, sharing four Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series with her cast members and garnering a Critics' Choice Television Award nomination Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series.
Hyland is also known for her roles in the films Geek Charming (2011), Struck by Lightning (2012), Scary Movie 5 (2013), Vampire Academy (2014), See You in Valhalla (2015) and Dirty Dancing (2017).
Contents
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Personal life
4 Filmography
4.1 Film
4.2 Television
4.3 Music videos
5 Awards and nominations
6 References
7 External links
Early life[edit]
Hyland was born in Manhattan, New York, the daughter of actors Melissa Canaday and Edward James Hyland. She is the sister of actor Ian Hyland.[1] She attended the Professional Performing Arts School in Manhattan.[2]
Career[edit]
Hyland has been acting since her first role as Howard Stern's daughter in the film Private Parts in 1997.[3] She went on to portray such roles as Molly in the 1999 television film of Annie, and Maddie Healy in Lipstick Jungle on NBC. Hyland is featured in an Olive Garden commercial along with actress Molly Culver, and has also appeared on Broadway as the young Jacqueline Bouvier in Grey Gardens.[4]
Since 2009, Hyland has played Haley Dunphy on the ABC sitcom Modern Family, for which she and the rest of the show's cast have won the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series each year from 2011 through 2014.[5][6][7][8] In 2011, Hyland co-starred in the Disney Channel Original Movie Geek Charming.[9]
In 2012, Hyland appeared in the film Struck by Lightning.[10][11] In September 2012, it was announced that she would be part of a Nintendo 3DS ad campaign.[12] Dianna Agron and Gabby Douglas were part of the campaign as well.[13][14]
In 2016, Hyland performed covers of songs such as "Closer" by The Chainsmokers[15] and "Don't Wanna Know" by Maroon 5 featuring Kendrick Lamar with Boyce Avenue.[16]
Personal life[edit]
Hyland was diagnosed with kidney dysplasia as a young child and received a kidney transplant from her father in April 2012. Since birth she has undergone ten surgeries to improve her health. Hyland is on regular anti-rejection medicines and steroids to ensure that her body does not reject the kidney. Consequently, Hyland has difficulty maintaining weight and muscle mass, and has been put on bed-rest several times, sometimes continuing to film Modern Family simultaneously.[17][18]
Hyland dated her Geek Charming co-star Matt Prokop for several years after meeting in 2010.[19][20][21] In August 2014, Hyland obtained a domestic violence temporary restraining order against Prokop[22] for physically and verbally abusing her for the last four years of their relationship.[23] In October, the restraining order became permanent.[24]
Filmography[edit]
Hyland at the 2013 Golden Globe Awards
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1997 A Tall Winter's Tale Elizabeth
Private Parts Howard's Daughter
1998 The Object of My Affection Molly
Advice from a Caterpillar Lizbeth
1999 Cradle Will Rock Silvano – Giovanna
2002 The Empath Young Christine
2004 Spanglish Sleepover friend
2007 Blind Date Child Voice role
2010 Monster Heroes Delilah
Cougars, Inc. Courtney
2011 Conception Tracey
2012 Struck by Lightning Claire Mathews
2013 Scary Movie 5 Mia
April Apocalypse Samm
2014 Vampire Academy Natalie Dashkov
Date and Switch Ava
2015 See You in Valhalla Johana Burwood Also producer
2016 Satanic Chloe
Lego DC Comics Super Heroes: Justice League – Gotham City Breakout Batgirl Voice role
XOXO Krystal Also executive producer
TBA The Wedding Year Mara Hickey Also executive producer
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1997-1998 Another World Rain Wolfe Unknown episodes
1998 Trinity Shy Girl Episode: "No Secrets"
The Audrey Hepburn Story Audrey Hepburn (Age 8) Television film
1999 Annie Molly Television film
2000 Joe Gould's Secret Elizabeth Mitchell Television film
2000 All My Children Karen 2 episodes
2001 Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Lily Ramsey Episode: "Repression"
2002 Touched by an Angel Grace Episode: "A Feather on the Breath of God"
2004 Law & Order Kristine McLean Episode: "The Dead Wives Club"
2005 Law & Order: Trial by Jury Brianne Colby Episode: "Vigilante"
2007 One Life to Live Heather 7 episodes
2008–2009 Lipstick Jungle Maddie Healy 15 episodes
2009 Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Jennifer Banks Episode: "Hothouse"
2009–present Modern Family Haley Dunphy Main role
2010 Cubed Herself Episode 2.4
2011 Childrens Hospital Famous Person Episode: "Nip/Tug"
Geek Charming Dylan Schoenfield Television film
2012 Punk'd Herself / Accomplice Episode: "Lucy Hale"
2012–2015 Randy Cunningham: 9th Grade Ninja Theresa Fowler (voice) 11 episodes
2013 Call Me Crazy: A Five Film Grace Television film; segment: "Grace"
Bonnie & Clyde Blanche Barrow Television miniseries
2014 Robot Chicken DC Comics Special 2: Villains in Paradise Lena Luthor (voice) Television special
Hot in Cleveland Ivy Episode: "Rusty Banks Rides Again"
2015 Repeat After Me Herself Episode: "Episode 101"
The Lion Guard: Return of the Roar Tiifu (voice) Television film
2016–2017 The Lion Guard Tiifu (voice) 4 episodes
2016–2018 Lip Sync Battle Shorties Herself / Host Special
2017 Lip Sync Battle Herself Episode: "Sarah Hyland vs. DeAndre Jordan"
Dirty Dancing Lisa Houseman Television film
Shadowhunters Seelie Queen 2 episodes[25]
The Lion Guard: The Rise of Scar Tiifu (voice) Television film
Music videos[edit]
Year
Title
Artist
Ref.
2009 "In the Moonlight (Do Me)" Reid Ewing [26]
2016 "Like I Did" Shane Harper [27]
"Closer" Boyce Avenue featuring Sarah Hyland [15]
"Don't Wanna Know" [16]
2017 "Don’t Think Twice It’s Alright" Sarah Hyland and J. Quinton Johnson [28]
2018 "Know U Anymore" BoTalks featuring Sarah Hyland [29]
Awards and nominations[edit]
Year
Association
Category
Work
Result
Ref.
2000 Young Artist Awards Best Performance in a Feature Film or TV Movie – Young Ensemble (shared with cast) Annie Nominated [30]
2010 Screen Actors Guild Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Modern Family Nominated [31]
Teen Choice Awards Choice TV: Female Breakout Star Nominated [32]
2011 Screen Actors Guild Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Won [5]
2012 Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Won [6]
Teen Choice Awards Choice TV: Female Scene Stealer Nominated [33]
2013 Screen Actors Guild Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Won [7]
Critics' Choice Television Awards Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series Nominated [34]
2014 Screen Actors Guild Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Won [8]
Glamour Awards Comedy Actress Won [35]
2015 Screen Actors Guild Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Nominated [36]
2016 Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Nominated [37]
Kids' Choice Awards Favorite Female TV Star – Family Show Nominated [38]
2017 Screen Actors Guild Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Nominated [39]
2018 Teen Choice Awards Choice Comedy TV Actress Nominated [40]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Sarah Hyland Biography (1990–)". Filmreference.com. Retrieved February 18, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Sarah Hyland: Haley Dunphy on ABC's "Modern Family". ABC Studio.
Jump up ^ "It's Evening in America". Vanity Fair. May 2012. Page 159.
Jump up ^ "Sarah Hyland Theatre Credits". Broadwayworld.com. Retrieved 2011-02-18.
^ Jump up to: a b "The 17th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards". Screen Actors Guild Awards. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
^ Jump up to: a b "The 18th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards". Screen Actors Guild Awards. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
^ Jump up to: a b "The 19th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards". Screen Actors Guild Awards. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
^ Jump up to: a b "The 20th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards". Screen Actors Guild Awards. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
Jump up ^ "'Modern Family's' Sarah Hyland is loving life in Disney's film 'Geek Charming'". New York: New York Daily News. 2011-11-11. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
Jump up ^ Dish Of Salt: Sarah Hyland Gets ‘Struck By Lightning’. Access Hollywood (2012-03-26). Retrieved on 2012-04-03.
Jump up ^ Cook, Tommy (2013-01-08). "Sarah Hyland Talks Struck by Lightning and Modern Family". Collider. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
Jump up ^ "Sarah Hyland Style Savvy". Archived from the original on 2012-11-26.
Jump up ^ "Dianna Agron Spills Her Gadget Must Haves and Secret LOLcat Obsession". POPSUGAR. 2012-11-14. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
Jump up ^ Sarkar, Samit (2012-09-18). "Nintendo courts female gamers with new 3DS ad campaign". Polygon. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
^ Jump up to: a b "Closer - The Chainsmokers ft. Halsey (Boyce Avenue ft. Sarah Hyland cover) on Spotify & Apple". YouTube. 2016-11-13. Retrieved 2018-07-11.
^ Jump up to: a b "Don't Wanna Know - Maroon 5 (Boyce Avenue ft. Sarah Hyland cover) on Spotify & Apple". YouTube. 2016-11-13. Retrieved 2018-07-11.
Jump up ^ "Sarah Hyland Reveals She Had a Kidney Transplant". People. 2012-05-14. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
Jump up ^ Shenton, Zoe (2017-01-29). "Modern Family's Sarah Hyland reveals she will be missing SAG Awards due to health reasons". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 2017-01-30.
Jump up ^ Modern Family Star Sarah Hyland and Matt Prokop Talk Maintaining an On and Off Screen Romance Celebuzz. 2011-10-21
Jump up ^ Laurence, Emily (May 13, 2012). "Matt Prokop Interview - Matt Prokop Gushes About Sarah Hyland". Seventeen. New York City: Hearst Magazines. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Are Sarah Hyland & Boyfriend Matt Prokop Getting Engaged?". E! Online. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
Jump up ^ Bever, Lindsey (25 September 2014). "'Modern Family' star Sarah Hyland gets restraining order against ex-boyfriend Matt Prokop". The Washington Post. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "'Modern Family' Star Sarah Hyland Ex-BF Choked Me ... I Fear For My Life". TMZ. September 23, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ Harrison, Lily (October 6, 2014). "Judge grants Sarah Hyland permanent restraining order". E! News. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Comcast. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Wagmeister, Elizabeth (5 June 2017). "Sarah Hyland to Guest Star on Freeform's 'Shadowhunters' This Summer". Variety. Variety Media. Retrieved 20 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Reid Ewing – In the Moonlight (Do Me)". YouTube. Retrieved September 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Shane Harper – Like I Did". YouTube. Retrieved September 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Sarah Hyland and J. Quinton Johnson – Don't Think Twice It's Alright". YouTube. Retrieved September 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ "BoTalks – Know U Anymore featuring Sarah Hyland". YouTube. Retrieved September 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Twentyfirst Annual Young Artist Awards 1998-1999". Young Artist Awards. Archived from the original on 2012-07-19. Retrieved 2015-02-27.
Jump up ^ "The 16th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards". Screen Actors Guild Awards. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
Jump up ^ "Teen Choice Awards 2010 Nominations Announced". MTV UK. 2010-07-13. Retrieved 2015-02-27.
Jump up ^ "Teen Choice Awards 2012: Nominees and Winners". Celebuzz. 2012-07-22. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
Jump up ^ Tvline, Team; Tvline, Team (2013-05-22). "Big Bang, Horror Story, Parks & Rec, Good Wife, The Americans Lead Critics Choice Nominations". TVLine. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
Jump up ^ "The live stream from the 2014 Glamour Awards". Glamour Magazine. 4 June 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2014.
Jump up ^ Staff, Variety; Staff, Variety (January 25, 2015). "SAG Award Winners 2015: Full List". Variety.
Jump up ^ Kelley, Seth; Kelley, Seth (December 14, 2016). "SAG Award Nominations: Complete List". Variety.
Jump up ^ Grant, Stacey (February 2, 2016). "Here Are The Nominees For The 2016 Kids' Choice Awards". MTV.
Jump up ^ Staff, Variety; Staff, Variety (January 29, 2017). "SAG Awards Winners: Complete List". Variety.
Jump up ^ Cohen, Jess (June 13, 2018). "Teen Choice Awards 2018: Avengers: Infinity War, Black Panther and Riverdale Among Top Nominees". E! News. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sarah Hyland.
Sarah Hyland on IMDb
Sarah Hyland at the Internet Broadway Database
Sarah Hyland at the Internet Off-Broadway Database
Sarah Hyland on Twitter
hide
v
t
e
Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series (2010–2019)
Modern Family, season 1/season 2 (2010): Bowen, Burrell, Ferguson, Gould, Hyland, O'Neill, Rodriguez, Stonestreet, Vergara, Winter
Modern Family, season 2/season 3 (2011): Anderson-Emmons, Bowen, Burrell, Ferguson, Gould, Hyland, O'Neill, Rodriguez, Stonestreet, Vergara, Winter
Modern Family, season 3/season 4 (2012): Anderson-Emmons, Bowen, Burrell, Ferguson, Gould, Hyland, O'Neill, Rodriguez, Stonestreet, Vergara, Winter
Modern Family, season 4/season 5 (2013): Anderson-Emmons, Bowen, Burrell, Ferguson, Gould, Hyland, O'Neill, Rodriguez, Stonestreet, Vergara, Winter
Orange Is the New Black, season 2 (2014): Aduba, Biggs, Brooks, Cox, Cruz, Curtin, DeLaria, Fowler, Freeman, Gardner, Glenn, Golden, Guerrero, Harney, Jeudy, Lake, Lapkus, Leyva, Lyonne, Manning, Marsh Garland, McGorry, Moore, Mulgrew, Myles, Pimentel, Polanco, Reiner, Roberts, Rodriguez, Rosenblat, Sandow, Savage, Schilling, Shulman, Soules, Stone, Toussaint, Tucci, Wiley
Orange Is the New Black, season 3 (2015): Aduba, Birbiglia, Blake, Brooks, Cox, Cruz, Curtin, DeLaria, Fowler, Glenn, Golden, Guerrero, Harney, Jeudy, Leyva, Manning, Marsh Garland, Moore, Mulgrew, Myles, Peters, Petty, Pimentel, Polanco, Prepon, Rodriguez, Rose, Sandow, Savage, Schilling, Shulman, Soules, Stone, Wiley
Orange Is the New Black, season 4 (2016): Aduba, Aisenberg, Brooks, Brown, Cruz, DeLaria, Dover, Glenn, Golden, Gómez, Guerrero, Harney, Henke, Jeudy, Lake, Leyva, Lyonne, Manning, McMenamin, Moore, Mulgrew, Myles, Peters, Petty, Pimentel, Polanco, Prepon, Purdy, Rodriguez, Sandow, Savage, Schilling, Shulman, Soules, Stone, Tucci, Wiley
Veep, season 6 (2017): Bakkedahl, Chlumsky, Cole, Colin, Dunn, DuVall, Franklin, Hale, Louis-Dreyfus, Richardson, Scheer, Scott, Simons, Sutherland, Walsh
Complete list
(1994–1999)
(2000–2009)
(2010–2019)
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
GND: 1011846624
ISNI: 0000 0000 4709 1932
LCCN: no2007068523
VIAF: 61324526
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Hyland&oldid=865389367"
Categories:
1990 births
20th-century American actresses
21st-century American actresses
Actresses from New York City
American child actresses
American film actresses
American musical theatre actresses
American television actresses
American voice actresses
Living people
Kidney transplant recipients
People from Manhattan
Hidden categories:
Wikipedia pending changes protected pages
Articles with hCards
Articles with IBDb links
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
تۆرکجه
Català
Čeština
Cymraeg
Deutsch
Español
فارسی
Français
Frysk
한국어
Հայերեն
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
Қазақша
Latina
Magyar
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Polski
Português
Русский
Simple English
Suomi
Svenska
Українська
Tiếng Việt
中文
21 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 23 October 2018, at 17:05 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: Page protected with pending changes level 1

values: All edits by unregistered and new users are subject to review prior to becoming visible to unregistered users

attrs: class id

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class src alt title

values: Changes must be reviewed before being displayed on this page.

attrs: id class src style alt

value: i

attrs: id style class

values: flaggedrevs_short flaggedrevs_stable_synced plainlinks noprint nomobile

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: span

values:
/wiki/Haley_Dunphy
mw-redirect
Haley Dunphy

values: Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Disney_Channel_Original_Movie
mw-redirect
Disney Channel Original Movie

values:
/wiki/XOXO_(2016_film)
mw-redirect
XOXO (2016 film)

values:
/wiki/Childrens_Hospital_(TV_Series)
mw-redirect
Childrens Hospital (TV Series)

values:
col
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
/wiki/Young_Artist_Awards
mw-redirect
Young Artist Awards

values: background: #FDD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;

values: background: #99FF99; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;

values: Teen Choice Award for Choice TV Actress Comedy

values:
/wiki/Access_Hollywood
mw-redirect
Access Hollywood

values:
/wiki/Hearst_Magazines
mw-redirect
Hearst Magazines

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0405103/
external text

attrs: alt src width height style srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
nofollow
external text
https://twitter.com/Sarah_Hyland

values: Template talk:ScreenActorsGuildAwards EnsembleTVComedy 2010–2019

values:
navbox-abovebelow hlist
2
background: #ABCDEF

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/1011846624

values:
nofollow
external text
http://isni.org/isni/0000000047091932

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/61324526

values: Category:American musical theatre actresses

values: Category:Wikipedia pending changes protected pages

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Sarah_Hyland
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: سارة هايلاند – Arabic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-azb
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cy
display: none;

values: سارا هایلند – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fy
display: none;

values: 세라 하일랜드 – Korean

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values: Սառա Հայլենդ – Armenian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hy
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: שרה היילנד – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values: Сара Хайленд – Kazakh

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-la
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: サラ・ハイランド – Japanese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ja
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Хайленд, Сара – Russian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: Сара Гайленд – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Sarah_Hyland rootpage-Sarah_Hyland skin-vector action-view