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Loyola University Chicago
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Loyola University Chicago
Former names
St. Ignatius College
(1870–1909)
Motto
Ad majorem Dei gloriam (Latin)
Motto in English
For the greater glory of God
Type
Private
Established
1870
Religious affiliation
Roman Catholic (Jesuit)
Academic affiliations
AJCU
NCA
ACCU
Endowment
$750 million (2017)[1]
Chancellor
Michael J. Garanzini
President
Jo Ann Rooney
Provost
Margaret Faut Callahan (Health Sciences Division)
Academic staff
784
Administrative staff
1,608
Students
16,422
Undergraduates
11,129
Postgraduates
5,293
Location
Chicago, Illinois, US
42°00′00″N 87°39′28″W / 41.9999°N 87.6578°W / 41.9999; -87.6578Coordinates: 42°00′00″N 87°39′28″W / 41.9999°N 87.6578°W / 41.9999; -87.6578
Colors
Maroon and Gold[2]
Nickname
Ramblers
Sporting affiliations
NCAA Division I – MVC
Mascot
Lu Wolf
Website
luc.edu
Loyola University Chicago (often referred to as Loyola or LUC) is a private Catholic research university in Chicago, Illinois. Founded in 1870 by the Jesuits, today Loyola is one of the largest Catholic universities in the United States. Loyola's professional schools have educated generations of local business and civic leaders, and distinguished programs in medicine, nursing, and health sciences are anchored by the nationally recognized Loyola University Medical Center.[3]
Comprising eleven colleges and schools, Loyola offers over 80 undergraduate and 140 graduate/professional programs and enrolls approximately 16,000 students.[4] Loyola has six campuses across the Chicago metropolitan area, as well as a campus in Rome and guest programs in Beijing and Ho Chi Minh City. The flagship Lake Shore Campus is along the scenic shores of Lake Michigan in the Rogers Park and Edgewater neighborhoods of Chicago, eight miles north of the Loop.
Loyola's athletic teams, nicknamed the Ramblers, compete in NCAA Division I as members of the Missouri Valley Conference. Loyola won the 1963 NCAA men's basketball championship, and remains the only school from Illinois to do so.[5] The Ramblers are also two-time (2014, 2015) NCAA champions in men's volleyball.[6]
Among the more than 150,000 Loyola alumni,[7] there are executives of major Chicago-based corporations such as McDonald's and Baxter International, as well as dozens of local and national political leaders including the current Illinois Attorney General and Speaker of the House. Loyola alumni have won Emmy, Grammy, Peabody, and Pulitzer awards, as well as Guggenheim and MacArthur fellowships.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Campuses
2.1 Lake Shore Campus
2.1.1 Sustainability
2.2 Water Tower Campus
2.3 Health Sciences Campus
2.4 John Felice Rome Center
2.5 Additional campuses
3 Academics
3.1 Tuition
3.2 Rankings and demographics
3.3 Religious education
3.4 Schools and colleges
4 Student life
4.1 Residential life
4.2 Greek life
4.3 College radio station
4.4 Athletics
5 Notable alumni
6 References
7 External links
History[edit]
Madonna della Strada Chapel
Loyola was established as St. Ignatius College on June 30, 1870, by Jesuit priest and educator Fr. Arnold Damen.[8] At that time Chicago was a much smaller, but rapidly growing, city just shy of 300,000 people, and as a result the original campus was much closer to the city center along Roosevelt Road. In 1909 the school was renamed Loyola University, and in 1912 it began to move to the current Lake Shore Campus; today the original building is part of St. Ignatius College Prep, adjacent to the University of Illinois at Chicago.
To meet the growing needs of Chicago, Loyola established professional schools in law (1908), medicine (1909), business (1922), and nursing (1935). The Chicago College of Dental Surgery became part of the university in 1923, and was closed 70 years later. A downtown campus was founded in 1914, and with it the School of Sociology. As the predecessor to the School of Social Work, it enrolled Loyola's first female students, though the school would not become fully coeducational until 1966. Loyola Academy, a college prep high school, occupied Dumbach Hall on the Lake Shore Campus until it was relocated to north suburban Wilmette in 1957.
The current Water Tower Campus opened in 1949. In 1962, Loyola opened a campus in Rome near the site of the 1960 Summer Olympics. In 1969, Loyola established the School of Education and consolidated medical programs at the Loyola University Medical Center, a hospital and health care complex located in Maywood, an immediate suburb of Chicago. The university legally separated from the Jesuits in 1970, and today is under lay control and governed by a board of trustees. Loyola purchased neighboring Mundelein College in 1991.
Mundelein Center
Major capital campaigns since the turn of the century have greatly enhanced Loyola's academic profile and campuses.[9][10] In 2005 the Loyola University Museum of Art was established on the Water Tower Campus, and the Rome campus was renamed in honor of Director Emeritus John P. Felice. In 2009, the Cuneo Foundation presented the university with the Cuneo Mansion and Gardens,[11] a 100-acre estate with an Italianate mansion and extensive collections of art and furnishings located in suburban Vernon Hills. The $50 million gift is the largest in Loyola history.
In 2010, Loyola purchased the Resurrection Retreat Center in Woodstock, which became the school's fifth campus for retreat and ecological study. In 2012, Loyola alumnus Michael R. Quinlan donated $40 million to the business school, which was renamed in his honor. During this time over 200,000 square-feet of LEED-certified sustainable spaces have been built on the Lake Shore Campus alone, along with significant mixed-use developments on the Water Tower Campus.
Today, Loyola ranks among the top 103 universities in the nation,[12] and is in the midst of over $800 million in capital construction projects.[10] In 2015, the university established Arrupe College, a uniquely structured two-year college designed to give low-income students access to a Loyola education.[13]
On May 23, 2016, Loyola named Jo Ann Rooney its 24th president. She is the first female president in the history of the university.
Campuses[edit]
Lake Shore Campus[edit]
Cudahy Library
Loyola's flagship Lake Shore Campus is along the shores of Lake Michigan in the Rogers Park and Edgewater neighborhoods on the north side of Chicago, eight miles north of the Loop.[14] Founded in 1912, it is the primary residential campus for the school, and is the home of the College of Arts and Sciences, and a variety of graduate programs. A collection of over forty buildings, the campus offers ample green space and lakeshore access, as well as several landmarks:
The Madonna della Strada Chapel, a striking Art Deco masterpiece completed in 1939, is the center of Loyola's religious life. The Mundelein Center, a 200-foot tall Art Deco skyscraper completed in 1930, is the home of Loyola's fine and performing arts programs and a National Historical Landmark.[15] The Joseph J. Gentile Arena, which holds 5,500 for basketball, volleyball, and campus events, was recently expanded to include the Norville Center, a student-athlete academic center and home of Rambler athletics. One of the largest events held annually in Gentile Arena is Colossus, which features a musical artist and comedian. Artists including Jason Derulo and John Mulaney have performed for Colossus. Halas Sports Center was remodeled and incorporated into the sprawling new Damen Student Center, the heart of campus social life.
Cudahy Science Hall
The E.M. Cudahy Memorial Library contains over 900,000 volumes and 3,600 periodical subscriptions,[16] and in 2008 was expanded to include the Richard J. Klarchek Information Commons, an academic and social space with glass curtain walls that offer unparalleled views of the lake and campus. Science education and research takes place in the Quinlan Life Sciences building and the Institute of Environmental Sustainability, a multipurpose complex that includes academic space, a residence hall, a greenhouse, and the largest geothermal energy facility in Chicago.[17]
The Lake Shore Campus is connected to the famous Chicago 'L' via the Loyola station on the CTA Red Line. Southbound trains pass through neighborhoods like Lake View and Lincoln Park on the way to the Loop and South Side, while northbound trains connect to Evanston, the home of Northwestern University.
Klarchek Information Commons
Sustainability[edit]
Loyola is committed to creating environmentally sustainable campuses, and various efforts have reduced university energy use by 33% since 1998.[18] Loyola has three LEED Silver certified buildings and four LEED Gold certified buildings, with all future construction to be LEED certified as well. Loyola has more green roofs than any college in the Midwest, which includes both new and renovated buildings. These efforts have not gone unnoticed: in 2014, Loyola placed 4th nationally (and 1st in Illinois) in the Sierra Club's ranking of America's Greenest Colleges.[19]
Water Tower Campus[edit]
The Water Tower Campus opened in 1949 along a stretch of Michigan Avenue today known as the Magnificent Mile, and is named after the Chicago Water Tower, a city landmark that survived the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. It is the home of the Quinlan School of Business, the School of Law, the School of Education, the School of Continuing and Professional Studies, the School of Social Work, the School of Communication, the Institute of Pastoral Studies, and Arrupe College, as well as a selection of classes from programs based elsewhere.
The Chicago Water Tower, a city landmark and the campus namesake
Dominated by mixed-use skyscrapers, campus buildings include the Corboy Law Center, Terry Student Center, Baumhart Hall, and landmark Lewis Towers, built in 1945 as the Illinois Catholic Women's Club[20] and today home of the Office of the President and the Loyola University Museum of Art. Recent construction includes The Clare, a 587-foot tower that serves as both a retirement community and the home of the College of Communication, and the LEED certified John and Kathy Schreiber Center, which opened in 2015 as the new home of the Quinlan School of Business.[21]
The campus puts students at the heart of Chicago's business and cultural life: it is steps from the offices of major corporations, Chicago's premiere retail and tourist district, as well as institutions like the Museum of Contemporary Art and the Newberry Library. Holy Name Cathedral, the seat of the Archdiocese of Chicago, is directly adjacent to the south.
The Water Tower Campus is also connected to the 'L' via the Chicago station on the CTA Red Line. Students can conveniently travel between Water Tower Campus and Lakeshore Campus on a school-sponsored shuttle during the week.
Health Sciences Campus[edit]
Founded in 1969 along with the Loyola University Medical Center, the Health Sciences Campus is the home of the Stritch School of Medicine, the Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, and several programs that are part of the School of Continuing and Professional Studies. It is in Maywood, an immediate western suburb of Chicago, approximately eleven miles from the Loop.
A leading academic center for teaching and research, Loyola University Medical Center comprises the main hospital, Loyola Outpatient Center, Ronald McDonald Children's Hospital, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, and several medical office and laboratory buildings. In 2011, the medical center was sold to Trinity Health, while Loyola continues to own and operate the academic buildings and select research facilities on campus.[22]
In 2017, Loyola expanded its accelerated nursing program to an online-based format with lab in Downer's Grove.[23]
John Felice Rome Center[edit]
Loyola's permanent campus in Rome opened in 1962 at Casa Italiana Viaggi Internazionali Studenti (C.I.V.I.S.), a dormitory originally built to host athletes during the 1960 Summer Olympics. In 1978, the campus moved to its current location on Monte Mario approximately two miles northwest of the Vatican City. The campus is the home of the oldest American university program in Italy,[24] and hosts students from both Loyola and other universities seeking to study abroad. In 2005, the campus was renamed in honor of founder and Director Emeritus John P. Felice.[25]
Additional campuses[edit]
In 2010, Loyola founded the Retreat and Ecology Campus on the former site of the Resurrection Retreat Center in Woodstock, Illinois an outer suburb approximately fifty miles northwest of Chicago.[26] The campus houses the university's campus ministry programs, and offers a unique learning opportunity for students and faculty interested in the sciences. The property contains 20 acres (8 ha) of natural habitat that includes ponds, streams, woods, and prairieland.
Loyola also owns and operates the Cuneo Mansion and Gardens in suburban Vernon Hills, approximately thirty miles north of Chicago. The mansion and grounds were donated to the university in 2009 by the John and Herta Cuneo Foundation. The estate operates as a museum and hosts special events and a growing number of academic programs in business, education and law.
Academics[edit]
University rankings
National
U.S. News & World Report[28]
103
Washington Monthly[29]
142[27]
Global
QS[30]
751-800
2013[31]
New Freshman
2,503
Average GPA
3.74
50% ACT Range
24-29
50% SAT Math
520-630
50% SAT Verbal
530-630
Tuition[edit]
For the 2016–2017 academic year, undergraduate tuition for new full-time students was $41,720 per year, not including room, board and fees including the CTA student transit 'U-Pass', Student Activity Fee, Technology Fee and mandatory health insurance.[32] Graduate school tuition varies depending on the school.
Rankings and demographics[edit]
Loyola University Chicago is among the top 103 National Universities according to the latest (2017) U.S. News & World Report college rankings. U.S. News commonly places Loyola among their fifty "Best Value" colleges as well. In 2011 USA Today ranked Loyola 6th among "colleges most committed to community service."[33] Washington Monthly ranked Loyola 21st in the nation for hours of community service.[34]
Loyola's Graduate School of Business has been ranked #1 in Ethics nationwide by BusinessWeek, a unique distinction among hundreds of competitive undergraduate business programs in the United States.[35] In addition, Loyola's History Department ranked sixth in the nation in 2006 on the Faculty Scholarly Productivity Index, a respected ranking system of graduate faculty quality.[36] In 2010, the History Department also ranked in the top tier in the 2010 National Research Council's evaluation of the nation's graduate programs.[37]
A statue of Ignatius of Loyola was dedicated in 2000 and was relocated to the lobby of the Klarchek Information Commons.
Religious education[edit]
Religious education is still one of Loyola's hallmarks as it is home to Saint Joseph College Seminary as well as the Jesuit First Studies program.
Loyola's First Studies Program is one of three in the country, with Fordham University and Saint Louis University housing the other two. During this three-year period, Jesuit Scholastics and Brothers generally study philosophy and some theology. First Studies is one part of an eleven-year formation process toward the Jesuit priesthood. This program is administered by the Chicago Province Society of Jesus.
Saint Joseph College Seminary serves the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago and provides vocational training to candidates of diocesan priesthood. Loyola University also provides rigorous religious education for those seeking careers in lay ministry with the Loyola University Institute of Pastoral Studies as well as degree opportunities in interdisciplinary Catholic studies.
Loyola's Department of Theology also offers undergraduate and graduate courses in the study of systematic theology, ethics, and Biblical studies, offering a diverse set of classes that are not limited to religious studies in a Catholic context.
Schools and colleges[edit]
Loyola Chicago is composed of the following schools and colleges:
College of Arts & Sciences
Quinlan School of Business
School of Communication
School of Continuing and Professional Studies
School of Education
The Graduate School
School of Law
Stritch School of Medicine
Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing
School of Social Work
Saint Joseph College Seminary
Arrupe College
The Institute of Environmental Sustainability
Student life[edit]
Residential life[edit]
Most of the residence halls and apartments managed by Loyola's Department of Residence Life are in the Rogers Park and Edgewater neighborhoods surrounding the Lake Shore Campus. One, Baumhart Hall, is at the Water Tower Campus on the Magnificent Mile in Chicago. Most of Loyola's residence halls are named after other Jesuit colleges and universities.
First-year students may live in one of the following residences on the Lake Shore campus: Campion Hall, de Nobili Hall, Mertz Hall, Regis Hall, San Francisco Hall, and the Simpson Living Learning Center (Simpson Hall). Simpson, Mertz, and de Nobili Halls are conveniently located above dining halls that serve these buildings and the halls surrounding them. Residence halls on the north side of campus are served by a dining hall and food court in the Damen Student Center. First- and second-year students are required to live in on-campus housing.
Upperclass students are permitted to choose from fourteen residences at the Lake Shore campus: Bellarmine, Canisius, Fairfield, Fordham, Georgetown, LeMoyne, Marquette, Marquette South, Messina, Regis, Santa Clara, Seattle, Spring Hill and Xavier Halls. Santa Clara Hall is on Loyola Avenue right on Lake Michigan. Upperclassmen can also choose to live in Baumhart Hall, located at 26 E. Pearson, just a block from the Magnificent Mile in downtown Chicago. It is a 25-floor apartment-style residence for upperclassmen and graduate students at Loyola University. Students living in Baumhart and taking classes on the Water Tower Campus have access to two dining facilities: Nina's Cafe (in the Corboy Law Center) and LU's Old-Fashioned Deli and Pub (in the Terry Student Center).
Greek life[edit]
Loyola University Chicago is home to several Greek letter organizations. Among them are traditional social fraternities and sororities, professional co-ed fraternities, and cultural interest fraternities and sororities.[38]
Inter-Fraternity Council chapters include Beta Theta Pi, Tau Kappa Epsilon, Sigma Chi, and Delta Sigma Phi.[39]
Panhellenic Council chapters include Alpha Chi Omega, Alpha Sigma Alpha, Phi Sigma Sigma, Kappa Kappa Gamma, Chi Omega, and Alpha Delta Pi.[39]
Professional co-ed fraternities include Delta Sigma Pi, Phi Delta Epsilon, as well as service fraternity Alpha Phi Omega.[39]
Cultural interest fraternities include the National Association of Latino Fraternal Organizations (NALFO) co-ed fraternity Alpha Psi Lambda. Loyola is also home to the Latino fraternity Lambda Upsilon Lambda fraternity, and the African-American fraternities Alpha Phi Alpha, Kappa Alpha Psi, and Phi Beta Sigma. Cultural interest sororities include Gamma Phi Omega, Sigma Lambda Gamma, Lambda Theta Alpha, Delta Phi Lambda, Delta Sigma Theta and Alpha Kappa Alpha.
College radio station[edit]
Loyola University owned and operated a low-power, carrier current radio station, WLUC-AM, in the 1960s. Students broadcast an eclectic music format on 600 kHz to Lake Shore Campus buildings and the surrounding Rogers Park neighborhood. The station had a well-equipped studio in a University-owned Student Life house on Loyola Avenue. The structure was demolished to make way for the Crown Center for the Humanities.
WLUC-AM was replaced by an on-air FM station, WLUW, in the 1970s.[40]
Athletics[edit]
LU Wolf at a Loyola Men's basketball game
Main article: Loyola Ramblers
NCAA Division I National Championships (3): 1963 Men's Basketball, 2014 Men's Volleyball, 2015 Men's Volleyball
Loyola is home to 11 varsity teams, most of which compete in NCAA Division I. The teams include men and women's basketball, cross country, men and women's golf, men and women's soccer, softball, track, and men and women's volleyball. The nickname "Ramblers" was first applied to Loyola's football team in 1926 because they frequently traveled throughout the United States.[41]
LU Wolf is the mascot for the University. He was inspired by the coat-of-arms of St. Ignatius of Loyola, from whom Loyola derives its name, which depicts two wolves standing over a kettle. Taken from the heraldic crest carved in the lintel on St. Ignatius' family home in Azpeitia, Spain, the wolves and cauldron refer to the prosperity and generosity of the Loyola family, who, after feeding family, retainers and soldiers, had enough food to feed even the wild animals.
Loyola's men's basketball team, the Ramblers, won the 1963 national championship. Loyola is the only Division I NCAA school in Illinois to have won a national title in men's basketball.[42] They also hold the all-time highest win percentage of any team to ever compete in the NCAA tournament. Loyola sits slightly ahead of Duke University. [43] The Loyola Ramblers men's volleyball team won back-to-back NCAA championships in 2014
From 1970 to 1971, Loyola had a club football team, led by Coach Dick Blackmore. The Ramblers won the Club Football National Championship in 1971 but were shut down after the University showed little interest. In 2012, the club football program was started again by students Robert L. O'Mullan and Luke Culley. John Clarke was the first head coach, followed by Connor Gomez. The Rambler football team competes in the Great Lakes (West) conference in the National Club Football Association.
The Loyola Ramblers men's volleyball team won back-to-back NCAA championships in 2014[44] and 2015.[45]
In 2018, Loyola’s men’s basketball team won the Missouri Valley Conference tournament championship to qualify for the 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament for the first time since 1985.[46] The 11-seed Ramblers recorded four straight upset victories against the Miami Hurricanes, Tennessee Volunteers, Nevada Wolf Pack, and Kansas State Wildcats to advance to the Final Four.[47] However, the Michigan Wolverines defeated Loyola in the Final Four.[48]
The publicity surrounding Loyola's tournament run generated an estimated $300 million in publicity for the school.[49]
Notable alumni[edit]
Main article: List of Loyola University Chicago people
References[edit]
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text:
Take Me Home, Country Roads
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Take Me Home, Country Roads"
One of earliest U.S. vinyl releases (A-side)
Single by John Denver and Taffy Nivert
from the album Poems, Prayers & Promises
Released
August 1971
Format
7" vinyl, 12" vinyl, maxi, CD, digital download, cassette single, DataPlay single
Recorded
1971
Genre
Country[1]
Length
3:08
Label
RCA Records
Songwriter(s)
Bill Danoff, Taffy Nivert, John Denver
Producer(s)
Milton Okun, Susan Ruskin
John Denver and Taffy Nivert singles chronology
"Friends With You"
(1971) "Take Me Home, Country Roads"
(1971) "Everyday"
(1972)
"Friends With You"
(1971) "Take Me Home, Country Roads"
(1971) "Everyday"
(1972)
Olivia Newton-John singles chronology
"What Is Life"
(1972) What Is Life1972 "Take Me Home, Country Roads"
(1973) Take Me Home, Country Roads1973 "Let Me Be There"
(1973) Let Me Be There1973
B-side
B-side of one of earliest U.S. vinyl singles
Audio sample
file
help
"Take Me Home, Country Roads" is a song written by Bill Danoff, Taffy Nivert and John Denver
The song was a success on its initial release and was certified Gold by the RIAA on August 18, 1971 and Platinum on April 10, 2017.[2] The song became one of John Denver's most popular and beloved songs, and is still very popular around the world. It has continued to sell, with over a million digital copies sold in the United States.[3] It is considered to be Denver's signature song.[4]
The song also has a prominent status as an iconic symbol of West Virginia, which it describes as "almost Heaven"; for example, it was played at the funeral memorial for U.S. Senator Robert Byrd in July 2010.[5] In March 2014, it became one of several official state anthems of West Virginia.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
1.1 Composition
1.2 Commercial performance
2 Reception in West Virginia
3 Personnel
4 Chart performance
5 Covers
6 In popular culture
7 References
8 External links
Background[edit]
Composition[edit]
Danoff and his then-wife, Mary ("Taffy") Nivert, wrote "I Guess He'd Rather Be in Colorado" and "Take Me Home, Country Roads," both of which were hits for John Denver. Danoff (from Springfield, Massachusetts) has stated he had never been to West Virginia before co-writing the song.[6] Inspiration for the song had come while driving to a family reunion of Nivert's relatives along Clopper Road [7]in nearby Maryland. To pass the time en route, Danoff had made up a ballad about the little winding roads they were taking.He had even briefly considered using "Massachusetts" rather than "West Virginia", as both four-syllable state names would have fit the song's meter.
Starting December 22, 1970, John Denver was heading the bill at The Cellar Door, a Washington, D.C. club. Danoff and Nivert opened for him as a duo named Fat City. After the Tuesday post-Christmas re-opening night (Cellar Door engagements ran from Tuesday to Sunday, and this booking was for two weeks), the three headed back to their place for an impromptu jam. On the way, Denver's left thumb was broken in an automobile accident. He was taken to the hospital, where a splint was applied. By the time they got back to the house, he was, in his own words, "wired, you know".
Danoff and Nivert then told him about the song that they had been working on for about a month. Originally, Danoff and Nivert had planned to sell the song to popular country singer Johnny Cash, but when Denver heard the song and decided he had to have it, the duo who wrote the original lyrics decided not to make the sale.
They sang the song for Denver and as he recalled, "I flipped." The three stayed up until 6:00 a.m., changing words and moving lines around. When they finished, John announced that the song had to go on his next album.[8]
The song was premiered December 30, 1970, during an encore of Denver's set, with the singers reading the words from a folded piece of paper. This resulted in a five-minute ovation, one of the longest in Cellar Door history.[9] They recorded it in New York City in January 1971.
Commercial performance[edit]
"Take Me Home, Country Roads" appeared on the LP Poems, Prayers & Promises and was released as a 45 in the spring of 1971. Original pressings credited the single to "John Denver with Fat City". It broke nationally in mid-April, but moved up the charts very slowly. After several weeks, RCA Records called John and told him that they were giving up on the single. His response: "No! Keep working on it!" They did, and the single went to number 1 on the Record World Pop Singles Chart and the Cash Box Top 100, and number 2 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100, topped only by "How Can You Mend a Broken Heart" by The Bee Gees.
On August 18, 1971, it was certified Gold by the RIAA for a million copies shipped.[10] The song continued to sell in the digital era. As of April 2016, the song has also sold an additional 1,203,000 downloads since it became available digitally.[3]
Reception in West Virginia[edit]
"Take Me Home, Country Roads" received an enthusiastic response from West Virginians. The song is the theme song of West Virginia University and has been performed at every home football pre-game show since 1972. In 1977 Denver played for Morgantown High School and even changed the wording to "Appalachian Mountains, Monongahela River".[citation needed] In 1980, Denver performed the song during pregame festivities to a sold-out crowd of Mountaineer fans. This performance marked the dedication of the current Mountaineer Field and the first game for then head coach Don Nehlen. The song is played for other athletic events and university functions, including after football games, for which the fans are encouraged to stay in the stands and sing the song along with the team.[11]
The popularity of the song has inspired resolutions in the West Virginia Legislature to change the state song of West Virginia to "Take Me Home, Country Roads". On March 7, 2014, the West Virginia Legislature approved a resolution to make "Take Me Home, Country Roads" an official state song of West Virginia, alongside three other pieces: "West Virginia Hills", "This is My West Virginia", and "West Virginia, My Home Sweet Home".[12] Governor Earl Ray Tomblin signed the resolution into law on March 8.[13]
The land features mentioned prominently in the song lyrics – the Shenandoah River and the Blue Ridge Mountains – have only marginal associations with the state of West Virginia, and would seem to be more appropriate to describe western Virginia. The river passes through only the very eastern tip of the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia in Jefferson County. Similarly, the vast majority of the Blue Ridge also lies outside the state, only crossing into West Virginia in Jefferson County. According to a radio interview with Nivert, the road is close to her native Washington, D.C., in nearby Montgomery County, Maryland, where Denver often visited. That road – Clopper Road – still exists today, but the landscape has changed drastically from the bucolic scenery that once surrounded it.[14] Hillary Clinton quoted the song in the opening line of her speech following her massive win in the 2008 West Virginia Democratic primary, stating: "You know, like the song says, 'It's almost heaven.'"
Thomas, West Virginia-based brewery Mountain State Brewing Company produces an amber ale called "Almost Heaven," which it says is "named after John Denver's ode to West Virginia, Country Roads."[15]
The song was played at the funeral memorial for Senator Robert Byrd at the state capitol in Charleston on July 2, 2010.[5]
Personnel[edit]
John Denver – vocals
Bill Danoff -6 & 12-string acoustic guitars,vocals
Taffy Nivert -backing vocals?
Eric Weissberg – banjo, steel guitars
Mike Taylor – acoustic guitar
Richard Kniss – double bass
Gary Chester – drums, percussion
Chart performance[edit]
Chart (1971)
Peak
position
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[16]
3
Canada Adult Contemporary (RPM)[17]
5
Canada Country Tracks (RPM)[18]
17
US Billboard Hot 100[19]
2
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[20]
3
US Hot Country Singles (Billboard)[21]
50
Covers[edit]
Eddy Arnold recorded it for his 1971 album, Loving Her Was Easier.
Lynn Anderson recorded a cover for her 1971 album How Can I Unlove You.
Loretta Lynn recorded it for her 1971 album You're Lookin' At Country.
Skeeter Davis recorded it for her 1971 album Bring it on Home.
Ray Charles cut a cover of the song for his 1972 album A Message from the People.
The Statler Brothers recorded a cover version on their 1972 album "Innerview".
Olivia Newton-John recorded a cover version in 1973 that reached the top 10 in Japan and the number 15 in the UK, but only reached No. 119 in the United States on the Billboard Hot 100. It is this recording which is eventually used as the opening song for Whisper of the Heart (1995), a Studio Ghibli animated film that uses "Take Me Home, Country Roads" as a plot device featuring several renditions in Japanese including an end-title version performed by Yoko Honna.
In 1974, Lena Zavaroni recorded a cover of "Country Roads" for her album Ma! (He's Making Eyes At Me)
Toots & the Maytals recorded a reggae version in 1974 in which the lyrics are altered to describe Jamaica: "Almost heaven, West Jamaica," for instance, replaces Denver's "West Virginia." This version was itself covered in Almost Heaven,[22] a 2005 German film directed by Ed Herzog. In the story, Helen Shuster is a German girl with a terminal illness who dreams to be a country singer Nashville style and winds up in Jamaica. The song is sung by Heike Makatsch, who plays Helen.[23]
In 1975 Czechoslovakian singer Pavel Bobek covered the song.
In 1975 Aleksander Mežek covered Denver's single, changing lyrics into Slovene language, his home language, and named the song "Siva pot", which means "grey road". The song is still very popular in Slovenia.
Israel Kamakawiwoʻole recorded a version for his 1993 album Facing Future in which West Mākaha, Hawaii is substituted for West Virginia.
Romanian singer Gil Dobrică covered the song 1977 with a Romanian text "Hai acasă, hai cu mine" ("Let's go home, come with me").
Hermes House Band recorded a cover and performed on Top of the Pops when the single was released in 2001.
Country pop vocalist Carrie Underwood performed the song during her Play On Tour in 2010. Underwood performed the song in the bed of a pick-up truck over the audience.
In 1994, Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Donald Duck, Goofy, Chip 'n' Dale, Huey, Dewey & Louie and the Fun Songs Kids sit around the campfire, roasting marshmallows and covering the song in Mickey's Fun Songs: Campout at Walt Disney World.
In 1995, Yuji Nomi, a Japanese composer, adapted the song to the Studio Ghibli movie Whisper of the Heart by changing the lyrics in a humorous and ecology-aware way.
In 2008 Punk rock cover band, Me First and the Gimme Gimmes, covered it for their album Have Another Ball.
Country music artist Daryle Singletary covered the song on his 2009 album Rockin' in the Country.
In 2009 Roch Voisine covered it for the album AmerIIcana.
In 2010 Swedish singer Meja covered the Studio Ghibli version of the song on her album AniMeja.
In 2012, The Gypsy Queens released "Take Me Home Country Roads" on their eponymous album, The Gypsy Queens.
In 2012 singer/songwriter Mike Doughty released a cover on his album The Flip Is Another Honey.
In 2013, American folk singers Brandi Carlile and Emmylou Harris recorded the song for the John Denver tribute album This Music is You: A Tribute to John Denver.
In 2013, Russell Moore & IIIrd Tyme Out perform "Take Me Home Country Roads" in the Washington, DC studios of WAMU's Bluegrass Country.
In 2015, American country singer Kerry Degman recorded a cover on his album Red Light.
The 2016 single "Forever Country" includes the song in a medley with "I Will Always Love You" and "On the Road Again".[24]
In popular culture[edit]
This article appears to contain trivial, minor, or unrelated references to popular culture. Please reorganize this content to explain the subject's impact on popular culture rather than simply listing appearances; add references to reliable sources if possible, otherwise delete it. (May 2017)
Bradford City A.F.C., an English football club, has a variation for their stadium Valley Parade, with West Virginia being replaced with Midland Road.[25]
South Sydney Rabbitohs, an Australian rugby league Club, have a variation with Country Road being replaced with Botany Road.[26]
Manchester United F.C., an English football club, have a variation with Country Road being replaced with United Road, the road that leads to Old Trafford.
Vegalta Sendai, a Japanese football club, sings the song as its theme before home games. While during the game altered lyrics are sung to the tunes of "The Lambrusco Kid" by the Toy Dolls, Blitzkrieg Bop, and other songs by KISS and Twisted Sister.[27]
Swinton rugby league club, an English rugby league club, have their own version relating to the club's one time home stadium, Station Road (1929-1992): "take me home Station Road".
The film Whisper of the Heart mentions this song: the protagonist, Shizuku, traduces and adapts the song for Japanese language before singing it at the end of the movie, accompained by a luthier who plays violin and other characters.
Steve and the Mexican immigrants sing the song at the end of the season 3 American Dad! episode "American Dream Factory".
The 2017 film Alien: Covenant uses this song in its trailer material, and features as a small, but significant plot point in the film.
The 2017 film Logan Lucky uses the song and discusses Bill and Taffy writing the song.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Kurt Wolff; Orla Duane (2000). Country Music: The Rough Guide. Rough Guides. p. 425. ISBN 978-1-85828-534-4.
Jump up ^ "American single certifications – John Denver – Take Me Home, Country Road". Recording Industry Association of America. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH
^ Jump up to: a b Bjorke, Matt (April 4, 2016). "The Top 30 Digital Country Singles: April 4, 2016". Roughstock.
Jump up ^ "John Denver - UNPLUGGED COLLECTION [IMPORT] Music CDs" (list), Choose, 2007, webpage: JD-Collect.
^ Jump up to: a b Garcia, Jon (July 2, 2010). "Eulogizing Sen. Robert Byrd: The Hard Working, if Imperfect, Senator". ABC News.
Jump up ^ "Bill Danoff | Songs". Billdanoff.com. Retrieved April 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Jack Diamond Mix 107.3
Jump up ^ Collis, John (30 September 2011). John Denver: Mother Nature's Son. Mainstream Publishing. p. 22. ISBN 978-1-78057-330-4.
Jump up ^ "Bill's Music Heritage". Billdanoff.com. Retrieved 2011-01-29. This may be a little self-serving recollection - I recall them performing it during the first set, Denver calling them up onstage and then promising to get them back up again once the song had been performed. There was likely a second set that night, the night before a big holiday, the only management decision to be made whether there was an additional cover charge imposed for those inclined to linger through both sets
Jump up ^ "American certifications – John Denver – Take Me Home, Country Road". Recording Industry Association of America.
Jump up ^ "Welcome To | WVU Traditions | West Virginia University". Welcometo.wvu.edu. 2009-11-03. Retrieved 2011-01-29.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-03-16. Retrieved 2014-03-16.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-03-08. Retrieved 2014-03-07.
Jump up ^ "Bill Danoff | Bill and John Denver". Billdanoff.com. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Brews". Mountainstatebrewing.com. Archived from the original on January 4, 2012. Retrieved February 13, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 7580." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. September 4, 1971.
Jump up ^ "Top RPM Adult Contemporary: Issue 5331." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. August 14, 1971.
Jump up ^ "Top RPM Country Tracks: Issue 5339." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. August 14, 1971.
Jump up ^ "John Denver – Chart history" Billboard Hot 100 for John Denver. Retrieved March 26, 2015.
Jump up ^ "John Denver – Chart history" Billboard Adult Contemporary for John Denver. Retrieved March 26, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Hot Country Singles". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. 83 (36): 32. September 4, 1971. ISSN 0006-2510.
Jump up ^ "Almost Heaven (2005)". IMDb.com. Retrieved 2016-10-05.
Jump up ^ "Heike Makatsch". IMDb.com. Retrieved 2016-10-05.
Jump up ^ Finan, Eileen (September 16, 2016). "The Story Behind Country Music's Epic Mash-Up! Plus: Hear Blake, Carrie, Miranda and 36 Other Stars Sing 'Forever Country'". People. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
Jump up ^ "Take Me Home Midland Road chant a Bradford City song & lyrics". Fanchants.co.uk. 2013-10-24. Retrieved 2016-10-05.
Jump up ^ "Rabbitohs Club Song | Official Membership Site of the South Sydney Rabbitohs". Membership.rabbitohs.com.au. Retrieved 2016-10-05.
Jump up ^ "Football, Take Me Home (Teaser 1)". YouTube. 2013-01-29. Retrieved 2016-10-05.
External links[edit]
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
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Robinson projection
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Robinson projection of the world
The Robinson projection with Tissot's indicatrix of deformation
The Robinson projection is a map projection of a world map which shows the entire world at once. It was specifically created in an attempt to find a good compromise to the problem of readily showing the whole globe as a flat image.[1]
The Robinson projection was devised by Arthur H. Robinson in 1963 in response to an appeal from the Rand McNally company, which has used the projection in general purpose world maps since that time. Robinson published details of the projection's construction in 1974. The National Geographic Society (NGS) began using the Robinson projection for general purpose world maps in 1988, replacing the Van der Grinten projection.[2] In 1998 NGS abandoned the Robinson projection for that use in favor of the Winkel tripel projection, as the latter "reduces the distortion of land masses as they near the poles".[3][4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Strengths and weaknesses
2 Formulation
3 See also
4 References
5 Further reading
6 External links
Strengths and weaknesses[edit]
The Robinson projection is neither equal-area nor conformal, abandoning both for a compromise. The creator felt this produced a better overall view than could be achieved by adhering to either. The meridians curve gently, avoiding extremes, but thereby stretch the poles into long lines instead of leaving them as points.[1]
Hence, distortion close to the poles is severe, but quickly declines to moderate levels moving away from them. The straight parallels imply severe angular distortion at the high latitudes toward the outer edges of the map, a fault inherent in any pseudocylindrical projection. However, at the time it was developed, the projection effectively met Rand McNally's goal to produce appealing depictions of the entire world.[5][6]
I decided to go about it backwards. … I started with a kind of artistic approach. I visualized the best-looking shapes and sizes. I worked with the variables until it got to the point where, if I changed one of them, it didn't get any better. Then I figured out the mathematical formula to produce that effect. Most mapmakers start with the mathematics.
—  1988 NY Times article[1]
Formulation[edit]
The projection is defined by the table:
Latitude
PLEN
PDFE
00 1.0000 0.0000
05 0.9986 0.0620
10 0.9954 0.1240
15 0.9900 0.1860
20 0.9822 0.2480
25 0.9730 0.3100
30 0.9600 0.3720
35 0.9427 0.4340
40 0.9216 0.4958
45 0.8962 0.5571
50 0.8679 0.6176
55 0.8350 0.6769
60 0.7986 0.7346
65 0.7597 0.7903
70 0.7186 0.8435
75 0.6732 0.8936
80 0.6213 0.9394
85 0.5722 0.9761
90 0.5322 1.0000
The table is indexed by latitude at 5 degree intervals; intermediate values are calculated using interpolation. Robinson did not specify any particular interpolation method, but it is reported that he used Aitken interpolation himself.[7] The PLEN column is the length of the parallel of latitude, and the PDFE column is multiplied by 0.5072 to obtain the distance of that parallel from the equator. Meridians of longitude are equally spaced on each parallel of latitude.
See also[edit]
Atlas portal
List of map projections
Winkel Tripel — projection currently used by the National Geographic.
Kavrayskiy VII
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c John Noble Wilford (October 25, 1988). "The Impossible Quest for the Perfect Map". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
Jump up ^ Snyder, John P. (1993). Flattening the Earth: 2000 Years of Map Projections. University of Chicago Press. p. 214. ISBN 0226767469.
Jump up ^ "NG Maps Print Collection - World Political Map (Bright Colored)". National Geographic Society. Retrieved 1 October 2013. This latest world map … features the Winkel Tripel projection to reduce the distortion of land masses as they near the poles.
Jump up ^ "Selecting a Map Projection - National Geographic Education". National Geographic Society. Retrieved 1 October 2013.
Jump up ^ Myrna Oliver (November 17, 2004). "Arthur H. Robinson, 89; Cartographer Hailed for Map's Elliptical Design". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
Jump up ^ New York Times News Service (November 16, 2004). "Arthur H. Robinson, 89 Geographer improved world map". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
Jump up ^ Richardson, R.T.. Area deformation on the Robinson projection. The American Cartographer, 1989, 16, 294-296.
Further reading[edit]
Arthur H. Robinson (1974). "A New Map Projection: Its Development and Characteristics". In: International Yearbook of Cartography. Vol 14, 1974, pp. 145–155.
John B. Garver Jr. (1988). "New Perspective on the World". In: National Geographic, December 1988, pp. 911–913.
John P. Snyder (1993). Flattening The Earth—2000 Years of Map Projections, The University of Chicago Press. pp. 214–216.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Maps with Robinson projection.
Table of examples and properties of all common projections, from radicalcartography.net
An interactive Java Applet to study the metric deformations of the Robinson Projection.
Numerical evaluation of the Robinson projection, from Cartography and Geographic Information Science, April, 2004 by Cengizhan Ipbuker
[show]
v
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Map projection
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By surface
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Trystan Edwards
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Gall stereographic
Miller
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Eckert II
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Conical
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Pseudoazimuthal
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[show]
By metric
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some aspect
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Craig
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By construction
Compromise
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Planar
Gnomonic
Orthographic
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Polyhedral
Cahill Butterfly
Dymaxion
Quadrilateralized spherical cube
Waterman butterfly
[show]
See also
Latitude
Longitude
Tissot's indicatrix
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