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Circulatory system
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"Bloodstream" redirects here. For the song by Ed Sheeran, see Bloodstream (song).
This article is about the animal circulatory system. For plants, see Vascular tissue.
Organ system for circulating blood in animals
Circulatory system
The human circulatory system (simplified). Red indicates oxygenated blood carried in arteries, blue indicates deoxygenated blood carried in veins. Capillaries, which join the arteries and veins, and the lymphatic vessels are not shown.
Identifiers
MeSH
D002319
TA
A12.0.00.001
FMA
7161
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
The circulatory system, also called the cardiovascular system or the vascular system, is an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transport nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, and blood cells to and from the cells in the body to provide nourishment and help in fighting diseases, stabilize temperature and pH, and maintain homeostasis.
The circulatory system includes the lymphatic system, which circulates lymph.[1] The passage of lymph for example takes much longer than that of blood.[2] Blood is a fluid consisting of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets that is circulated by the heart through the vertebrate vascular system, carrying oxygen and nutrients to and waste materials away from all body tissues. Lymph is essentially recycled excess blood plasma after it has been filtered from the interstitial fluid (between cells) and returned to the lymphatic system. The cardiovascular (from Latin words meaning "heart" and "vessel") system comprises the blood, heart, and blood vessels.[3] The lymph, lymph nodes, and lymph vessels form the lymphatic system, which returns filtered blood plasma from the interstitial fluid (between cells) as lymph.
The circulatory system of the blood is seen as having two components, a systemic circulation and a pulmonary circulation.[4]
While humans, as well as other vertebrates, have a closed cardiovascular system (meaning that the blood never leaves the network of arteries, veins and capillaries), some invertebrate groups have an open cardiovascular system. The lymphatic system, on the other hand, is an open system providing an accessory route for excess interstitial fluid to be returned to the blood.[5] The more primitive, diploblastic animal phyla lack circulatory systems.
Many diseases affect the circulatory system. This includes cardiovascular disease, affecting the cardiovascular system, and lymphatic disease affecting the lymphatic system. Cardiologists are medical professionals which specialise in the heart, and cardiothoracic surgeons specialise in operating on the heart and its surrounding areas. Vascular surgeons focus on other parts of the circulatory system.
Contents
[hide]
1 Structure
1.1 Cardiovascular system
1.1.1 Arteries
1.1.2 Capillaries
1.1.3 Veins
1.1.4 Coronary vessels
1.1.5 Portal veins
1.1.6 Heart
1.1.7 Lungs
1.1.8 Systemic circulation
1.1.9 Brain
1.1.10 Kidneys
1.2 Lymphatic system
2 Development
2.1 Heart
2.2 Arteries
2.3 Veins
3 Function
3.1 Cardiovascular system
3.2 Lymphatic system
4 Clinical significance
4.1 Cardiovascular disease
4.2 Investigations
4.3 Surgery
5 Society and culture
6 Other animals
6.1 Open circulatory system
6.2 Closed circulatory system
6.3 No circulatory system
7 History
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
Structure
Cardiovascular system
Depiction of the heart, major veins and arteries constructed from body scans.
Cross section of a human artery
Relative percentages of cardiac output delivered to major organ systems
The essential components of the human cardiovascular system are the heart, blood and blood vessels.[6] It includes the pulmonary circulation, a "loop" through the lungs where blood is oxygenated; and the systemic circulation, a "loop" through the rest of the body to provide oxygenated blood. The systemic circulation can also be seen to function in two parts–a macrocirculation and a microcirculation. An average adult contains five to six quarts (roughly 4.7 to 5.7 liters) of blood, accounting for approximately 7% of their total body weight.[7] Blood consists of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Also, the digestive system works with the circulatory system to provide the nutrients the system needs to keep the heart pumping.[8]
The cardiovascular systems of humans are closed, meaning that the blood never leaves the network of blood vessels. In contrast, oxygen and nutrients diffuse across the blood vessel layers and enter interstitial fluid, which carries oxygen and nutrients to the target cells, and carbon dioxide and wastes in the opposite direction. The other component of the circulatory system, the lymphatic system, is open.
Arteries
See also: Arterial tree
Oxygenated blood enters the systemic circulation when leaving the left ventricle, through the aortic semilunar valve. The first part of the systemic circulation is the aorta, a massive and thick-walled artery. The aorta arches and gives branches supplying the upper part of the body after passing through the aortic opening of the diaphragm at the level of thoracic ten vertebra, it enters the abdomen. Later it descends down and supplies branches to abdomen, pelvis, perineum and the lower limbs. The walls of aorta are elastic. This elasticity helps to maintain the blood pressure throughout the body. When the aorta receives almost five litres of blood from the heart, it recoils and is responsible for pulsating blood pressure. Moreover, as aorta branches into smaller arteries, their elasticity goes on decreasing and their compliance goes on increasing.
Capillaries
Arteries branch into small passages called arterioles and then into the capillaries.[9] The capillaries merge to bring blood into the venous system.[10]
Veins
After their passage through body tissues, capillaries merge once again into venules, which continue to merge into veins. The venous system finally coalesces into two major veins: the superior vena cava (roughly speaking draining the areas above the heart) and the inferior vena cava (roughly speaking from areas below the heart). These two great vessels empty into the right atrium of the heart.
Coronary vessels
Main article: Coronary circulation
The heart itself is supplied with oxygen and nutrients through a small "loop" of the systemic circulation and derives very little from the blood contained within the four chambers.
Portal veins
Main article: Portal vein
The general rule is that arteries from the heart branch out into capillaries, which collect into veins leading back to the heart. Portal veins are a slight exception to this. In humans the only significant example is the hepatic portal vein which combines from capillaries around the gastrointestinal tract where the blood absorbs the various products of digestion; rather than leading directly back to the heart, the hepatic portal vein branches into a second capillary system in the liver.
Heart
Main article: Heart
View from the front
The heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs. In the human heart there is one atrium and one ventricle for each circulation, and with both a systemic and a pulmonary circulation there are four chambers in total: left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium and right ventricle. The right atrium is the upper chamber of the right side of the heart. The blood that is returned to the right atrium is deoxygenated (poor in oxygen) and passed into the right ventricle to be pumped through the pulmonary artery to the lungs for re-oxygenation and removal of carbon dioxide. The left atrium receives newly oxygenated blood from the lungs as well as the pulmonary vein which is passed into the strong left ventricle to be pumped through the aorta to the different organs of the body.
The coronary circulation system provides a blood supply to the heart muscle itself. The coronary circulation begins near the origin of the aorta by two coronary arteries: the right coronary artery and the left coronary artery. After nourishing the heart muscle, blood returns through the coronary veins into the coronary sinus and from this one into the right atrium. Back flow of blood through its opening during atrial systole is prevented by the Thebesian valve. The smallest cardiac veins drain directly into the heart chambers.[8]
Lungs
The pulmonary circulation as it passes from the heart. Showing both the pulmonary and bronchial arteries.
Main article: Pulmonary circulation
The circulatory system of the lungs is the portion of the cardiovascular system in which oxygen-depleted blood is pumped away from the heart, via the pulmonary artery, to the lungs and returned, oxygenated, to the heart via the pulmonary vein.
Oxygen deprived blood from the superior and inferior vena cava enters the right atrium of the heart and flows through the tricuspid valve (right atrioventricular valve) into the right ventricle, from which it is then pumped through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary artery to the lungs. Gas exchange occurs in the lungs, whereby CO2 is released from the blood, and oxygen is absorbed. The pulmonary vein returns the now oxygen-rich blood to the left atrium.[8]
A separate system known as the bronchial circulation supplies blood to the tissue of the larger airways of the lung.
Systemic circulation
The systemic circulation and capillary networks shown and also as separate from the pulmonary circulation
Systemic circulation is the portion of the cardiovascular system which transports oxygenated blood away from the heart through the aorta from the left ventricle where the blood has been previously deposited from pulmonary circulation, to the rest of the body, and returns oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart.[8]
Brain
Main article: Cerebral circulation
The brain has a dual blood supply that comes from arteries at its front and back. These are called the "anterior" and "posterior" circulation respectively. The anterior circulation arises from the internal carotid arteries and supplies the front of the brain. The posterior circulation arises from the vertebral arteries, and supplies the back of the brain and brainstem. The circulation from the front and the back join together (anastomise) at the Circle of Willis.
Kidneys
The renal circulation receives around 20% of the cardiac output. It branches from the abdominal aorta and returns blood to the ascending vena cava. It is the blood supply to the kidneys, and contains many specialized blood vessels.
Lymphatic system
Main article: Lymphatic system
The lymphatic system is part of the circulatory system. It is a network of lymphatic vessels and lymph capillaries, lymph nodes and organs, and lymphatic tissues and circulating lymph. One of its major functions is to carry the lymph, draining and returning interstitial fluid back towards the heart for return to the cardiovascular system, by emptying into the lymphatic ducts. Its other main function is in the adaptive immune system.[11]
Development
Main article: Fetal circulation
The development of the circulatory system starts with vasculogenesis in the embryo. The human arterial and venous systems develop from different areas in the embryo. The arterial system develops mainly from the aortic arches, six pairs of arches which develop on the upper part of the embryo. The venous system arises from three bilateral veins during weeks 4 – 8 of embryogenesis. Fetal circulation begins within the 8th week of development. Fetal circulation does not include the lungs, which are bypassed via the truncus arteriosus. Before birth the fetus obtains oxygen (and nutrients) from the mother through the placenta and the umbilical cord.[12]
Heart
Main article: Heart development
Arteries
Main article: Aortic arches
The human arterial system originates from the aortic arches and from the dorsal aortae starting from week 4 of embryonic life. The first and second aortic arches regress and forms only the maxillary arteries and stapedial arteries respectively. The arterial system itself arises from aortic arches 3, 4 and 6 (aortic arch 5 completely regresses).
The dorsal aortae, present on the dorsal side of the embryo, are initially present on both sides of the embryo. They later fuse to form the basis for the aorta itself. Approximately thirty smaller arteries branch from this at the back and sides. These branches form the intercostal arteries, arteries of the arms and legs, lumbar arteries and the lateral sacral arteries. Branches to the sides of the aorta will form the definitive renal, suprarenal and gonadal arteries. Finally, branches at the front of the aorta consist of the vitelline arteries and umbilical arteries. The vitelline arteries form the celiac, superior and inferior mesenteric arteries of the gastrointestinal tract. After birth, the umbilical arteries will form the internal iliac arteries.
Veins
The human venous system develops mainly from the vitelline veins, the umbilical veins and the cardinal veins, all of which empty into the sinus venosus.
Function
Cardiovascular system
Animation of a typical human red blood cell cycle in the circulatory system. This animation occurs at a faster rate (~20 seconds of the average 60-second cycle) and shows the red blood cell deforming as it enters capillaries, as well as the bars changing color as the cell alternates in states of oxygenation along the circulatory system.
Main article: Blood § Oxygen transport
About 98.5% of the oxygen in a sample of arterial blood in a healthy human, breathing air at sea-level pressure, is chemically combined with hemoglobin molecules. About 1.5% is physically dissolved in the other blood liquids and not connected to hemoglobin. The hemoglobin molecule is the primary transporter of oxygen in mammals and many other species.
Lymphatic system
Main article: Lymphatic system § Function
Clinical significance
Many diseases affect the circulatory system. This includes cardiovascular disease, affecting the cardiovascular system, and lymphatic disease affecting the lymphatic system. Cardiologists are medical professionals which specialise in the heart, and cardiothoracic surgeons specialise in operating on the heart and its surrounding areas. Vascular surgeons focus on other parts of the circulatory system.
Cardiovascular disease
Main article: Cardiovascular disease
Diseases affecting the cardiovascular system are called cardiovascular disease.
Many of these diseases are called "lifestyle diseases" because they develop over time and are related to a person's exercise habits, diet, whether they smoke, and other lifestyle choices a person makes. Atherosclerosis is the precursor to many of these diseases. It is where small atheromatous plaques build up in the walls of medium and large arteries. This may eventually grow or rupture to occlude the arteries. It is also a risk factor for acute coronary syndromes, which are diseases which are characterised by a sudden deficit of oxygenated blood to the heart tissue. Atherosclerosis is also associated with problems such as aneurysm formation or splitting ("dissection") of arteries.
Another major cardiovascular disease involves the creation of a clot, called a "thrombus". These can originate in veins or arteries. Deep venous thrombosis, which mostly occurs in the legs, is one cause of clots in the veins of the legs, particularly when a person has been stationary for a long time. These clots may embolise, meaning travel to another location in the body. The results of this may include pulmonary embolus, transient ischaemic attacks, or stroke.
Cardiovascular diseases may also be congenital in nature, such as heart defects or persistent fetal circulation, where the circulatory changes that are supposed to happen after birth do not. Not all congenital changes to the circulatory system are associated with diseases, a large number are anatomical variations.
Investigations
Magnetic resonance angiography of aberrant subclavian artery
The function and health of the circulatory system and its parts are measured in a variety of manual and automated ways. These include simple methods such as those that are part of the cardiovascular examination, including the taking of a person's pulse as an indicator of a person's heart rate, the taking of blood pressure through a sphygmomanometer or the use of a stethoscope to listen to the heart for murmurs which may indicate problems with the heart's valves. An electrocardiogram can also be used to evaluate the way in which electricity is conducted through the heart.
Other more invasive means can also be used. A cannula or catheter inserted into an artery may be used to measure pulse pressure or pulmonary wedge pressures. Angiography, which involves injecting a dye into an artery to visualise an arterial tree, can be used in the heart (coronary angiography) or brain. At the same time as the arteries are visualised, blockages or narrowings may be fixed through the insertion of stents, and active bleeds may be managed by the insertion of coils. An MRI may be used to image arteries, called an MRI angiogram. For evaluation of the blood supply to the lungs a CT pulmonary angiogram may be used.
Vascular ultrasonography include for example:
Intravascular ultrasound
Ultrasonography of deep venous thrombosis
Ultrasonography of chronic venous insufficiency of the legs
Surgery
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (March 2015)
There are a number of surgical procedures performed on the circulatory system:
Coronary artery bypass surgery
Coronary stent used in angioplasty
Vascular surgery
Vein stripping
Cosmetic procedures
Cardiovascular procedures are more likely to be performed in an inpatient setting than in an ambulatory care setting; in the United States, only 28% of cardiovascular surgeries were performed in the ambulatory care setting.[13]
Society and culture
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (March 2015)
Other animals
While humans, as well as other vertebrates, have a closed cardiovascular system (meaning that the blood never leaves the network of arteries, veins and capillaries), some invertebrate groups have an open cardiovascular system. The lymphatic system, on the other hand, is an open system providing an accessory route for excess interstitial fluid to be returned to the blood.[5] The more primitive, diploblastic animal phyla lack circulatory systems.
The blood vascular system first appeared probably in an ancestor of the triploblasts over 600 million years ago, overcoming the time-distance constraints of diffusion, while endothelium evolved in an ancestral vertebrate some 540–510 million years ago.[14]
Open circulatory system
See also: Hemolymph
The open circulatory system of the grasshopper – made up of a heart, vessels and hemolymph. The hemolymph is pumped through the heart, into the aorta, dispersed into the head and throughout the hemocoel, then back through the ostia in the heart and the process repeated.
In arthropods, the open circulatory system is a system in which a fluid in a cavity called the hemocoel bathes the organs directly with oxygen and nutrients and there is no distinction between blood and interstitial fluid; this combined fluid is called hemolymph or haemolymph.[15] Muscular movements by the animal during locomotion can facilitate hemolymph movement, but diverting flow from one area to another is limited. When the heart relaxes, blood is drawn back toward the heart through open-ended pores (ostia).
Hemolymph fills all of the interior hemocoel of the body and surrounds all cells. Hemolymph is composed of water, inorganic salts (mostly sodium, chlorine, potassium, magnesium, and calcium), and organic compounds (mostly carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids). The primary oxygen transporter molecule is hemocyanin.
There are free-floating cells, the hemocytes, within the hemolymph. They play a role in the arthropod immune system.
Flatworms, such as this Pseudoceros bifurcus, lack specialized circulatory organs
Closed circulatory system
Two-chambered heart of a fish
The circulatory systems of all vertebrates, as well as of annelids (for example, earthworms) and cephalopods (squids, octopuses and relatives) are closed, just as in humans. Still, the systems of fish, amphibians, reptiles, and birds show various stages of the evolution of the circulatory system.[16]
In fish, the system has only one circuit, with the blood being pumped through the capillaries of the gills and on to the capillaries of the body tissues. This is known as single cycle circulation. The heart of fish is, therefore, only a single pump (consisting of two chambers).
In amphibians and most reptiles, a double circulatory system is used, but the heart is not always completely separated into two pumps. Amphibians have a three-chambered heart.
In reptiles, the ventricular septum of the heart is incomplete and the pulmonary artery is equipped with a sphincter muscle. This allows a second possible route of blood flow. Instead of blood flowing through the pulmonary artery to the lungs, the sphincter may be contracted to divert this blood flow through the incomplete ventricular septum into the left ventricle and out through the aorta. This means the blood flows from the capillaries to the heart and back to the capillaries instead of to the lungs. This process is useful to ectothermic (cold-blooded) animals in the regulation of their body temperature.
Birds, mammals, and crocodilians show complete separation of the heart into two pumps, for a total of four heart chambers; it is thought that the four-chambered heart of birds and crocodilians evolved independently from that of mammals.[17]
No circulatory system
Circulatory systems are absent in some animals, including flatworms. Their body cavity has no lining or enclosed fluid. Instead a muscular pharynx leads to an extensively branched digestive system that facilitates direct diffusion of nutrients to all cells. The flatworm's dorso-ventrally flattened body shape also restricts the distance of any cell from the digestive system or the exterior of the organism. Oxygen can diffuse from the surrounding water into the cells, and carbon dioxide can diffuse out. Consequently, every cell is able to obtain nutrients, water and oxygen without the need of a transport system.
Some animals, such as jellyfish, have more extensive branching from their gastrovascular cavity (which functions as both a place of digestion and a form of circulation), this branching allows for bodily fluids to reach the outer layers, since the digestion begins in the inner layers.
History
Human anatomical chart of blood vessels, with heart, lungs, liver and kidneys included. Other organs are numbered and arranged around it. Before cutting out the figures on this page, Vesalius suggests that readers glue the page onto parchment and gives instructions on how to assemble the pieces and paste the multilayered figure onto a base "muscle man" illustration. "Epitome", fol.14a. HMD Collection, WZ 240 V575dhZ 1543.
The earliest known writings on the circulatory system are found in the Ebers Papyrus (16th century BCE), an ancient Egyptian medical papyrus containing over 700 prescriptions and remedies, both physical and spiritual. In the papyrus, it acknowledges the connection of the heart to the arteries. The Egyptians thought air came in through the mouth and into the lungs and heart. From the heart, the air travelled to every member through the arteries. Although this concept of the circulatory system is only partially correct, it represents one of the earliest accounts of scientific thought.
In the 6th century BCE, the knowledge of circulation of vital fluids through the body was known to the Ayurvedic physician Sushruta in ancient India.[18] He also seems to have possessed knowledge of the arteries, described as 'channels' by Dwivedi & Dwivedi (2007).[18] The valves of the heart were discovered by a physician of the Hippocratean school around the 4th century BCE. However their function was not properly understood then. Because blood pools in the veins after death, arteries look empty. Ancient anatomists assumed they were filled with air and that they were for transport of air.
The Greek physician, Herophilus, distinguished veins from arteries but thought that the pulse was a property of arteries themselves. Greek anatomist Erasistratus observed that arteries that were cut during life bleed. He ascribed the fact to the phenomenon that air escaping from an artery is replaced with blood that entered by very small vessels between veins and arteries. Thus he apparently postulated capillaries but with reversed flow of blood.[19]
In 2nd century AD Rome, the Greek physician Galen knew that blood vessels carried blood and identified venous (dark red) and arterial (brighter and thinner) blood, each with distinct and separate functions. Growth and energy were derived from venous blood created in the liver from chyle, while arterial blood gave vitality by containing pneuma (air) and originated in the heart. Blood flowed from both creating organs to all parts of the body where it was consumed and there was no return of blood to the heart or liver. The heart did not pump blood around, the heart's motion sucked blood in during diastole and the blood moved by the pulsation of the arteries themselves.
Galen believed that the arterial blood was created by venous blood passing from the left ventricle to the right by passing through 'pores' in the interventricular septum, air passed from the lungs via the pulmonary artery to the left side of the heart. As the arterial blood was created 'sooty' vapors were created and passed to the lungs also via the pulmonary artery to be exhaled.
In 1025, The Canon of Medicine by the Persian physician, Avicenna, "erroneously accepted the Greek notion regarding the existence of a hole in the ventricular septum by which the blood traveled between the ventricles." Despite this, Avicenna "correctly wrote on the cardiac cycles and valvular function", and "had a vision of blood circulation" in his Treatise on Pulse.[20][verification needed] While also refining Galen's erroneous theory of the pulse, Avicenna provided the first correct explanation of pulsation: "Every beat of the pulse comprises two movements and two pauses. Thus, expansion : pause : contraction : pause. [...] The pulse is a movement in the heart and arteries ... which takes the form of alternate expansion and contraction."[21]
In 1242, the Arabian physician, Ibn al-Nafis, became the first person to accurately describe the process of pulmonary circulation, for which he is sometimes considered the father of circulatory physiology.[22][not in citation given] Ibn al-Nafis stated in his Commentary on Anatomy in Avicenna's Canon:
"...the blood from the right chamber of the heart must arrive at the left chamber but there is no direct pathway between them. The thick septum of the heart is not perforated and does not have visible pores as some people thought or invisible pores as Galen thought. The blood from the right chamber must flow through the vena arteriosa (pulmonary artery) to the lungs, spread through its substances, be mingled there with air, pass through the arteria venosa (pulmonary vein) to reach the left chamber of the heart and there form the vital spirit..."
In addition, Ibn al-Nafis had an insight into what would become a larger theory of the capillary circulation. He stated that "there must be small communications or pores (manafidh in Arabic) between the pulmonary artery and vein," a prediction that preceded the discovery of the capillary system by more than 400 years.[23] Ibn al-Nafis' theory, however, was confined to blood transit in the lungs and did not extend to the entire body.
Michael Servetus was the first European to describe the function of pulmonary circulation, although his achievement was not widely recognized at the time, for a few reasons. He firstly described it in the "Manuscript of Paris"[24][25] (near 1546), but this work was never published. And later he published this description, but in a theological treatise, Christianismi Restitutio, not in a book on medicine. Only three copies of the book survived but these remained hidden for decades, the rest were burned shortly after its publication in 1553 because of persecution of Servetus by religious authorities.
Better known discovery of pulmonary circulation was by Vesalius's successor at Padua, Realdo Colombo, in 1559.
Image of veins from William Harvey's Exercitatio Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animalibus, 1628
Finally, William Harvey, a pupil of Hieronymus Fabricius (who had earlier described the valves of the veins without recognizing their function), performed a sequence of experiments, and published Exercitatio Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animalibus in 1628, which "demonstrated that there had to be a direct connection between the venous and arterial systems throughout the body, and not just the lungs. Most importantly, he argued that the beat of the heart produced a continuous circulation of blood through minute connections at the extremities of the body. This is a conceptual leap that was quite different from Ibn al-Nafis' refinement of the anatomy and bloodflow in the heart and lungs."[26] This work, with its essentially correct exposition, slowly convinced the medical world. However, Harvey was not able to identify the capillary system connecting arteries and veins; these were later discovered by Marcello Malpighi in 1661.
In 1956, André Frédéric Cournand, Werner Forssmann and Dickinson W. Richards were awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine "for their discoveries concerning heart catheterization and pathological changes in the circulatory system."[27] In his Nobel lecture, Forssmann credits Harvey as birthing cardiology with the publication of his book in 1628.[28]
In the 1970s, Diana McSherry developed computer-based systems to create images of the circulatory system and heart without the need for surgery.[29]
See also
Cardiology
Vital heat
Cardiac muscle
Major systems of the human body
Amato Lusitano
Vascular resistance
References
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^ Jump up to: a b c d Guyton, Arthur; Hall, John (2000). Guyton Textbook of Medical Physiology (10 ed.). ISBN 072168677X.
Jump up ^ National Institutes of Health. "What Are the Lungs?". nih.gov. Archived from the original on 2014-10-04.
Jump up ^ State University of New York (February 3, 2014). "The Circulatory System". suny.edu. Archived from the original on February 3, 2014.
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^ Jump up to: a b Dwivedi, Girish & Dwivedi, Shridhar (2007). "History of Medicine: Sushruta – the Clinician – Teacher par Excellence" Archived October 10, 2008, at the Wayback Machine., Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci Vol.49 pp.243-4, National Informatics Centre (Government of India).
Jump up ^ Anatomy – History of anatomy. Scienceclarified.com. Retrieved 2013-09-15.
Jump up ^ Shoja, M. M.; Tubbs, R. S.; Loukas, M.; Khalili, M.; Alakbarli, F.; Cohen-Gadol, A. A. (2009). "Vasovagal syncope in the Canon of Avicenna: The first mention of carotid artery hypersensitivity". International Journal of Cardiology. 134 (3): 297–301. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.02.035. PMID 19332359.
Jump up ^ Hajar, Rachel (1999). "The Greco-Islamic Pulse". Heart Views. 1 (4): 136–140 [138]. Archived from the original on 2014-01-09.
Jump up ^ Reflections, Chairman's (2004). "Traditional Medicine Among Gulf Arabs, Part II: Blood-letting". Heart Views. 5 (2): 74–85 [80]. Archived from the original on 2007-09-11.
Jump up ^ West, J. B. (2008). "Ibn al-Nafis, the pulmonary circulation, and the Islamic Golden Age". Journal of Applied Physiology. 105 (6): 1877–1880. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.91171.2008. PMC 2612469  . PMID 18845773.
Jump up ^ Gonzalez Etxeberria, Patxi (2011) Amor a la verdad, el – vida y obra de Miguel servet [The love for truth. Life and work of Michael Servetus]. Navarro y Navarro, Zaragoza, collaboration with the Government of Navarra, Department of Institutional Relations and Education of the Government of Navarra. ISBN 8423532666 pp. 215–228 & 62nd illustration (XLVII)
Jump up ^ Michael Servetus Research Study with graphical proof on the Manuscript of Paris and many other manuscripts and new works by Servetus
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Jump up ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1956". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
Jump up ^ "The Role of Heart Catheterization and Angiocardiography in the Development of Modern Medicine". Retrieved 2017-10-08.
Jump up ^ Wayne, Tiffany K. (2011). American women of science since 1900. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. pp. 677–678. ISBN 9781598841589.
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Reiber C. L. & McGaw I. J. (2009). "A Review of the "Open" and "Closed" Circulatory Systems: New Terminology for Complex Invertebrate Circulatory Systems in Light of Current Findings". International Journal of Zoology 2009: 8 pages. doi:10.1155/2009/301284.
Patwardhan K. The history of the discovery of blood circulation: unrecognized contributions of Ayurveda masters. Adv Physiol Educ. 2012 Jun;36(2):77–82.
Michael Servetus Research Study on the Manuscript of Paris by Servetus (1546 description of the Pulmonary Circulation)
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Anatomy of the heart
General
Surface
base
apex
sulci
coronary
interatrial
anterior interventricular
posterior interventricular
borders
right
left
Internal
atria
interatrial septum
pectinate muscles
terminal sulcus
ventricles
interventricular septum
trabeculae carneae
chordae tendineae
papillary muscle
valves
cusps
atrioventricular septum
cardiac skeleton
intervenous tubercle
Chambers
Right heart
(venae cavae, coronary sinus) → right atrium (atrial appendage, fossa ovalis, limbus of fossa ovalis, crista terminalis, valve of inferior vena cava, valve of coronary sinus) → tricuspid valve → right ventricle (infundibulum, moderator band/septomarginal trabecula, crista supraventricularis), → pulmonary valve → (pulmonary artery and pulmonary circulation)
Left heart
(pulmonary veins) → left atrium (atrial appendage) → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve (aortic sinus) → (aorta and systemic circulation)
Layers
Endocardium
heart valves
Myocardium
Conduction system
cardiac pacemaker
SA node
Bachmann's bundle
AV node
bundle of His
bundle branches
Purkinje fibers
Pericardial cavity
pericardial sinus
Pericardium
fibrous pericardium
sternopericardial ligaments
serous pericardium
epicardium/visceral layer
fold of left vena cava
Blood supply
Circulatory system
Coronary circulation
Coronary arteries
[show]
v
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Arteries and veins
Vessels
Arteries
Nutrient artery
Arteriole
Metarteriole
Elastic artery
Capillaries
Types
Continuous
Fenestrated
Sinusoidal
Precapillary sphincter
Precapillary resistance
Veins
Vena comitans
Superficial vein
Deep vein
Emissary veins
Venous plexus
Venule
Lymph
Lymphatic vessel
Lymph
Lymph capillary
Circulatory system
Systemic
Left heart → Aorta → Arteries → Arterioles → Capillaries → Venules → Veins → Vena cava → (Right heart)
Pulmonary
Right heart → Pulmonary arteries → Lungs → Pulmonary vein → Left heart
Microanatomy
Microvessel
Microcirculation
Tunica intima
Endothelium
Internal elastic lamina
Tunica media
Tunica externa
Vasa vasorum
Vasa nervorum
Vascular nerves
Rete mirabile
Circulatory anastomosis
[show]
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Physiology of the cardiovascular system
Heart
Cardiac output
Cardiac cycle
Cardiac output
Heart rate
Stroke volume
Stroke volume
End-diastolic volume
End-systolic volume
Afterload
Preload
Frank–Starling law
Cardiac function curve
Venous return curve
Wiggers diagram
Pressure volume diagram
Ultrasound
Fractional shortening = (End-diastolic dimension
End-systolic dimension) / End-diastolic dimension
Aortic valve area calculation
Ejection fraction
Cardiac index
Heart rate
Cardiac pacemaker
Chronotropic (Heart rate)
Dromotropic (Conduction velocity)
Inotropic (Contractility)
Bathmotropic (Excitability)
Lusitropic (Relaxation)
Conduction
Conduction system
Cardiac electrophysiology
Action potential
cardiac
atrial
ventricular
Effective refractory period
Pacemaker potential
Electrocardiography
P wave
PR interval
QRS complex
QT interval
ST segment
T wave
U wave
Hexaxial reference system
Chamber pressure
Central venous
Right
atrial
ventricular
pulmonary artery
wedge
Left
atrial
ventricular
Aortic
Other
Ventricular remodeling
Vascular system/
Hemodynamics
Blood flow
Compliance
Vascular resistance
Pulse
Perfusion
Blood pressure
Pulse pressure
Systolic
Diastolic
Mean arterial pressure
Jugular venous pressure
Portal venous pressure
Regulation of BP
Baroreflex
Kinin–kallikrein system
Renin–angiotensin system
Vasoconstrictors
Vasodilators
Autoregulation
Myogenic mechanism
Tubuloglomerular feedback
Cerebral autoregulation
Paraganglia
Aortic body
Carotid body
Glomus cell
[show]
v
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Development of the circulatory system
Heart
Tubular heart
Truncus arteriosus
Bulbus cordis
Primitive ventricle
Primitive atrium
Sinus venosus
Chamber formation
Atrioventricular
Primary interventricular foramen
Endocardial cushions
Septum intermedium
Atrioventricular canal
Atrial
Septum primum
Foramen secundum
Primary interatrial foramen
Septum secundum
Foramen ovale
Other
Aorticopulmonary septum
Protein signalling in heart development
Vessels
Arteries
Dorsal aorta
Aortic arches
Aortic sac
Veins
Anterior cardinal vein
Posterior cardinal vein
Common cardinal veins
Lymph vessels
Lymph sacs
Extraembryonic
hemangiogenesis
Blood islands
Chorion
Connecting stalk
Yolk sac
Placenta
Fetal circulation
umbilical cord: Umbilical vein → Ductus venosus → Inferior vena cava → Heart → Pulmonary artery → Ductus arteriosus → Aorta → Umbilical artery
yolk sac: Vitelline veins
Vitelline arteries
[show]
v
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Cardiovascular disease (heart) (I00–I52, 390–429)
Ischaemic
Coronary disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD)
Coronary artery aneurysm
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD)
Coronary thrombosis
Coronary vasospasm
Myocardial bridge
Active ischemia
Angina pectoris
Prinzmetal's angina
Stable angina
Acute coronary syndrome
Myocardial infarction
Unstable angina
Sequelae
hours
Hibernating myocardium
Myocardial stunning
days
Myocardial rupture
weeks
Aneurysm of heart / Ventricular aneurysm
Dressler syndrome
Layers
Pericardium
Pericarditis
Acute
Chronic / Constrictive
Pericardial effusion
Cardiac tamponade
Hemopericardium
Myocardium
Myocarditis
Chagas disease
Cardiomyopathy
Dilated
Alcoholic
Hypertrophic
Restrictive
Loeffler endocarditis
Cardiac amyloidosis
Endocardial fibroelastosis
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
Endocardium /
valves
Endocarditis
infective endocarditis
Subacute bacterial endocarditis
non-infective endocarditis
Libman–Sacks endocarditis
Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis
Valves
mitral
regurgitation
prolapse
stenosis
aortic
stenosis
insufficiency
tricuspid
stenosis
insufficiency
pulmonary
stenosis
insufficiency
Conduction /
arrhythmia
Bradycardia
Sinus bradycardia
Sick sinus syndrome
Heart block: Sinoatrial
AV
1°
2°
3°
Intraventricular
Bundle branch block
Right
Left
Left anterior fascicle
Left posterior fascicle
Bifascicular
Trifascicular
Adams–Stokes syndrome
Tachycardia
(paroxysmal and sinus)
Supraventricular
Atrial
Multifocal
Junctional
AV nodal reentrant
Junctional ectopic
Ventricular
Accelerated idioventricular rhythm
Catecholaminergic polymorphic
Torsades de pointes
Premature contraction
Atrial
Junctional
Ventricular
Pre-excitation syndrome
Lown–Ganong–Levine
Wolff–Parkinson–White
Flutter / fibrillation
Atrial flutter
Ventricular flutter
Atrial fibrillation
Familial
Ventricular fibrillation
Pacemaker
Ectopic pacemaker / Ectopic beat
Multifocal atrial tachycardia
Pacemaker syndrome
Parasystole
Wandering pacemaker
Long QT syndrome
Andersen–Tawil
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen
Romano–Ward
Cardiac arrest
Sudden cardiac death
Asystole
Pulseless electrical activity
Sinoatrial arrest
Other / ungrouped
hexaxial reference system
Right axis deviation
Left axis deviation
QT
Short QT syndrome
T
T wave alternans
ST
Osborn wave
ST elevation
ST depression
Strain pattern
Cardiomegaly
Ventricular hypertrophy
Left
Right / Cor pulmonale
Atrial enlargement
Left
Right
Other
Cardiac fibrosis
Heart failure
Diastolic heart failure
Cardiac asthma
Rheumatic fever
[show]
v
t
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Human systems and organs
Musculoskeletal
Skeletal system
Bone
Carpus
Collar bone (clavicle)
Thigh bone (femur)
Fibula
Humerus
Mandible
Metacarpus
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Phalanges
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Rib
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Muscular system
Muscle
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Circulatory system
Cardiovascular system
peripheral
Artery
Vein
Lymphatic vessel
Heart
Lymphatic system
primary
Bone marrow
Thymus
secondary
Spleen
Lymph node
CNS equivalent
Glymphatic system
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Spinal cord
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Eye
Integumentary system
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Subcutaneous tissue
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Myeloid immune system
Lymphoid
Lymphoid immune system
Respiratory system
Upper
Nose
Nasopharynx
Larynx
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Trachea
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Digestive system
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upper GI
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
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lower GI
Small intestine
Appendix
Colon
Rectum
Anus
accessory
Liver
Biliary tract
Pancreas
Urinary system
Genitourinary system
Kidney
Ureter
Bladder
Urethra
Reproductive system
Female
Uterus
Vagina
Vulva
Ovary
Placenta
Male
Scrotum
Penis
Prostate
Testicle
Seminal vesicle
Endocrine system
Pituitary
Pineal
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Adrenal
Islets of Langerhans
[show]
v
t
e
Diving medicine, physiology, physics and environment
Diving
medicine
Injuries
and
disorders
Pressure
Oxygen
Freediving blackout
Hyperoxia
Hypoxia (medical)
Oxygen toxicity
Inert gases
Atrial septal defect
Avascular necrosis
Decompression sickness
Dysbaric osteonecrosis
High-pressure nervous syndrome
Hydrogen narcosis
Isobaric counterdiffusion
Nitrogen narcosis
Taravana
Uncontrolled decompression
Carbon dioxide
Hypercapnia
Hypocapnia
Aerosinusitis
Air embolism
Alternobaric vertigo
Barodontalgia
Barostriction
Barotrauma
Compression arthralgia
Decompression illness
Dental barotrauma
Dysbarism
Ear clearing
Frenzel maneuver
Valsalva maneuver
Immersion
Asphyxia
Drowning
Hypothermia
Immersion diuresis
Instinctive drowning response
Laryngospasm
Salt water aspiration syndrome
Swimming-induced pulmonary edema
List of signs and symptoms of diving disorders
Cramps
Diving disorders
Motion sickness
Surfer's ear
Treatments
Diving chamber
Diving medicine
Hyperbaric medicine
Hyperbaric treatment schedules
In-water recompression
Oxygen therapy
Fitness to dive
Diving
physiology
Artificial gills (human)
Blood–air barrier
Blood shift
Breathing
Circulatory system
CO₂ retention
Cold shock response
Dead space (physiology)
Decompression (diving)
Decompression theory
Diving reflex
Gas exchange
History of decompression research and development
Lipid
Maximum operating depth
Metabolism
Normocapnia
Oxygen window in diving decompression
Perfusion
Physiological response to water immersion
Physiology of decompression
Pulmonary circulation
Respiratory exchange ratio
Respiratory quotient
Respiratory system
Systemic circulation
Tissue (biology)
Diving
physics
Ambient pressure
Amontons' law
Anti-fog
Archimedes' principle
Atmospheric pressure
Boyle's law
Breathing performance of regulators
Buoyancy
Charles's law
Combined gas law
Dalton's law
Diffusion
Force
Gay-Lussac's law
Henry's law
Hydrophobe
Hydrostatic pressure
Ideal gas law
Molecular diffusion
Neutral buoyancy
Oxygen fraction
Partial pressure
Permeation
Pressure
Psychrometric constant
Snell's law
Solubility
Solution
Supersaturation
Surface tension
Surfactant
Torricellian chamber
Underwater vision
Weight
Diving
environment
Algal bloom
Breaking wave
Ocean current
Current (stream)
Ekman transport
Halocline
List of diving hazards and precautions
Longshore drift
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Stratification
Surf
Surge (wave action)
Thermocline
Tides
Turbidity
Undertow (water waves)
Upwelling
Researchers in
diving medicine
and physiology
Arthur J. Bachrach
Albert R. Behnke
Paul Bert
George F. Bond
Robert Boyle
Albert A. Bühlmann
John R Clarke
William Paul Fife
John Scott Haldane
Robert William Hamilton Jr.
Leonard Erskine Hill
Brian Andrew Hills
Felix Hoppe-Seyler
Christian J. Lambertsen
Simon Mitchell
Charles Momsen
John Rawlins R.N.
Charles Wesley Shilling
Edward D. Thalmann
Jules Triger
Diving medical
research
organisations
Aerospace Medical Association
Divers Alert Network (DAN)
Diving Diseases Research Centre (DDRC)
Diving Medical Advisory Council (DMAC}
European Diving Technology Committee (EDTC)
European Underwater and Baromedical Society (EUBS)
National Board of Diving and Hyperbaric Medical Technology
Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory
Royal Australian Navy School of Underwater Medicine
Rubicon Foundation
South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society (SPUMS)
Southern African Underwater and Hyperbaric Medical Association (SAUHMA}
Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society (UHMS)
United States Navy Experimental Diving Unit (NEDU)
Categories: Diving medicine
Underwater diving physiology
Underwater diving physics
Physical oceanography
Glossary
Portal
Authority control
GND: 4134345-1
NDL: 00575112
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In My Feelings (song)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
2018 Drake song
It has been requested that the title of this article be changed to In My Feelings. Please see the relevant discussion on the discussion page. Do not move the page until the discussion has reached consensus for the change and is closed.
"In My Feelings"
Single by Drake
from the album Scorpion
Released
July 10, 2018 (2018-07-10)
Genre
Bounce
Length
3:37
Label
Young Money
Cash Money
Songwriter(s)
Aubrey Graham
Benny Workman
Darius Harrison
Caresha Brownlee
Jatavia Johnson
Stephen Garrett
James Scheffer
Rex Zamor
Dwayne Carter
Renetta Lowe-Bridgewater
Orville Hall
Phillip Price
Noah Shebib
Producer(s)
TrapMoneyBenny
Blaqnmild
40 (add.)
Drake singles chronology
"Don't Matter to Me"
(2018) "In My Feelings"
(2018) "Nonstop"
(2018)
Music video
"In My Feelings" on YouTube
"In My Feelings" is a song by Canadian musician Drake from his fifth studio album Scorpion (2018). It was released to rhythmic and contemporary hit radio on July 10, 2018 as the album's fifth single.[1][2] The song features additional vocals by the City Girls.[3]
Contents
1 Composition and samples
2 Release and reception
3 Commercial performance
4 Music video
5 Personnel
6 Charts
7 Certifications
8 Release history
9 References
Composition and samples[edit]
"In My Feelings" is a bounce track, similar to Drake's previous single "Nice for What".[4] Upon its release, several outlets reported that the song was about Keshia Chanté,[5] Drake's first girlfriend and childhood friend.[6][7][8][9]. Drake also makes references to Jennifer Lopez ("Jenny"), who he briefly dated in 2016, and Quality Control duo City Girls, made up of members Yung Miami ("Resha") and JT.[10] The City Girls also provide new additional vocals for the track. The track samples "Smoking Gun (Acapella Version)" by Magnolia Shorty for the breakdown.[4] "Lollipop" by Lil Wayne is also sampled and the track ends with audio from the episode "Champagne Papi" from the television series Atlanta.[11] The song was later slightly altered and re-uploaded to streaming sites with additional sampled vocals from Lil Wayne.
Release and reception[edit]
The song inspired an Internet meme dance challenge known as the "Kiki Challenge", "In My Feelings Challenge" or "Shiggy Challenge". The dance challenge is to walk outside of moving vehicles and dance in oncoming traffic.[12][13][14] Originating in the US, the challenge later spread to other parts of the world where in some countries it caused controversy and public concern.[15]
The Fader deemed the bounce track as the highlight of the double album, with writer Ben Dandrige-Lemco saying, "it takes a whole 20 songs to get to the best part of the album, 'In My Feelings'".[4] The Hollywood Reporter's Jonny Coleman felt that the song, along with "Nice for What", "might be two of the most enduring tracks [in the album]".[16] Andy Hutchins of Time called the song "a disastrous misunderstanding of New Orleans bounce."[17]
Commercial performance[edit]
On the Billboard issue dated 14 July 2018, "In My Feelings" debuted at number six on the Billboard Hot 100, one of seven top 10 entries by Drake that week. The following week, partly due to the rising popularity of the dance challenge,[18] the song ascended to the top spot of the chart, becoming Drake's sixth number-one single on the chart.[19] On the issue dated 28 July 2018, "In My Feelings" broke the streaming record for the most streams in a single week at 116.2 million streams, and retained the top spot on the chart.[20] It also reached number one on the Canadian Hot 100 and the UK Singles Chart.
In the UK, it did not enter the charts on the first week due to chart rules, but the next week, due to the popularity of the dance challenge, it entered at number four. A week later, it flew up to number one, denying “Shotgun” a chance to get back to number 1 after being dethroned by “Three Lions” originally. "In My Feelings" has so far spent four weeks at the top, largely due to dominance in streaming and sales.
Music video[edit]
The song's music video was shot on July 23, 2018 in New Orleans and was directed by Karena Evans, whom Drake worked with on the videos for "God's Plan", "Nice for What", and "I'm Upset" earlier in the year.[21] The song's music video was released on August 2, 2018, on Drake's YouTube channel.[22] "KeKe" is played by La La Anthony while her mother is played by Phylicia Rashad. The video takes place in New Orleans and shows people dancing to the song, including the City Girls and Big Freedia. Comedian Shiggy, who has been credited with inventing the viral "In My Feelings Challenge", makes a cameo as a production assistant as well as a dancer in the video. At the end of the music video, a small montage of celebrities and internet influencers participating in the "In My Feelings Challenge" is displayed. A few of these people include Will Smith, DJ Khaled, Ciara, Steve Aoki, Odell Beckham Jr., Dua Lipa, Millie Bobby Brown, Liza Koshy, Noah Schnapp, Ryan Seacrest, and J-Hope.
Personnel[edit]
Credits adapted from the album's liner notes and Tidal.[23][24]
Noah "40" Shebib – production, recording
Noel "Gadget" Campbell – mixing
Harley Arsenault – mixing assistance, recording assistance
Greg Moffet – mixing assistance, recording assistance
Ronald Moonoo – mixing assistance
Blaqnmild – production
TrapMoneyBenny – production
Charts[edit]
Chart (2018)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[25]
1
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[26]
3
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[27]
6
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia)[28]
21
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[29]
1
Canada CHR/Top 40 (Billboard)[30]
12
Canada Hot AC (Billboard)[31]
50
Czech Republic (Singles Digitál Top 100)[32]
5
Denmark (Tracklisten)[33]
1
Finland (Suomen virallinen lista)[34]
3
France (SNEP)[35]
3
Germany (Official German Charts)[36]
4
Greece International Digital (IFPI)[37]
1
Hungary (Single Top 40)[38]
2
Hungary (Stream Top 40)[39]
2
Ireland (IRMA)[40]
2
Italy (FIMI)[41]
5
Japan (Japan Hot 100)[42]
89
Lebanon (Lebanese Top 20)[43]
1
Mexico Airplay (Billboard)[44]
25
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[45]
1
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[46]
2
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[47]
2
Norway (VG-lista)[48]
3
Portugal (AFP)[49]
1
Scotland (Official Charts Company)[50]
2
Slovakia (Singles Digitál Top 100)[51]
1
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[52]
8
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[53]
1
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[54]
2
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[55]
1
UK R&B (Official Charts Company)[56]
1
US Billboard Hot 100[57]
1
US Dance Club Songs (Billboard)[58]
37
US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard)[59]
1
US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)[60]
13
US Rhythmic (Billboard)[61]
1
Certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
Australia (ARIA)[62]
Platinum 70,000^
Italy (FIMI)[63]
Gold 25,000
New Zealand (RMNZ)[64]
Gold 15,000*
United Kingdom (BPI)[65]
Gold 400,000
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
sales+streaming figures based on certification alone
Release history[edit]
Region
Date
Format
Label(s)
Ref.
United States
July 10, 2018 Rhythmic contemporary
Young Money
Cash Money
Republic
[1]
Contemporary hit radio [2]
Italy
August 24, 2018 Universal [66]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Top 40-Rhythmic Future Releases". All Access. Archived from the original on July 3, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "Top 40-Mainstream Future Releases". All Access. Archived from the original on July 9, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake Releases New Album Scorpion: Listen". Pitchfork. June 29, 2018. Retrieved July 3, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c Dandridge-Lemco, Ben (July 2, 2018). "Drake's "In My Feelings" is easily the best song on Scorpion". The Fader. Retrieved July 4, 2018.
Jump up ^ Mamo, Heran (July 9, 2018). "Here Are the Lyrics to Drake's 'In My Feelings'". Billboard. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Keshia Keke Chante is Getting a lot of Messages Over In My Feelings". Complex. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
Jump up ^ Who is KiKi In Drake's Song 'In My Feelings'? - Capital XTRA
Jump up ^ https://www.essence.com/celebrity/drake-keke-kiki-keshia-chante-in-my-feelings/
Jump up ^ http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2018/07/13/drakes-keke-from-hit-song-revealed-as-cliche-comments-pile-up.html
Jump up ^ Drake's "In My Feelings" Explained | Song Stories
Jump up ^ Saponara, Michael (June 29, 2018). "Every Sample on Drake's 'Scorpion' Album". Billboard. Retrieved July 4, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake's "In My Feelings" Lyrics Have Inspired A Viral Dance Challenge And It's Hilarious". Pop Buzz. July 6, 2018. Retrieved July 8, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake's New Song "In My Feelings" Sparks Dance Challenge". Highsnobiety. July 7, 2018. Retrieved July 8, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake's latest album has already sparked a new dance challenge". Mashable. July 6, 2018. Retrieved July 8, 2018.
Jump up ^ "NTSB Issues Warning Over Drake 'In My Feelings' Challenge: Jumping Out Of Cars is 'Foolish and Dangerous'". Billboard. July 26, 2018. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
Jump up ^ Coleman, Jonny (June 29, 2018). "Critic's Notebook: Drake Overplays His Hand on Bloated Double Album 'Scorpion'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
Jump up ^ Hutchins, Andy (June 29, 2018). "Scorpion Finds Drake Struggling to Keep It All Together". Time. Retrieved June 30, 2018.
Jump up ^ McIntyre, Hugh. "Drake's 'In My Feelings' Gives Him His Third U.K. No. 1 Hit". Forbes. Retrieved 2018-07-22.
Jump up ^ Trust, Gary (July 16, 2018). "Drake Dethrones Drake Atop Billboard Hot 100 as 'In My Feelings' Replaces 'Nice for What' at No. 1". Billboard. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
Jump up ^ Trust, Gary (July 23, 2018). "Drake's 'In My Feelings' Tops Billboard Hot 100 for Second Week With Record-Breaking 116.2 Million U.S. Streams". Billboard. Retrieved July 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake Filming In My Feelings Video in New Orleans". Complex. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake - In My Feelings". YouTube. Retrieved August 2, 2018.
Jump up ^ Scorpion (CD liner notes). Drake. Republic Records. 2018. 86318-2.
Jump up ^ "Scorpion / Drake TIDAL". Tidal. Retrieved July 3, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Australian-charts.com – Drake – In My Feelings". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Austriancharts.at – Drake – In My Feelings" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Drake – In My Feelings" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved August 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Drake – In My Feelings" (in French). Ultratop 50. Retrieved August 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake Chart History (Canadian Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved July 18, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake Chart History (Canada CHR/Top 40)". Billboard. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Drake Chart History (Canada Hot AC)". Billboard. Retrieved 22 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "ČNS IFPI" (in Czech). Hitparáda – Digital Top 100 Oficiální. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 201829 into search. Retrieved July 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Track Top-40 Uge 29, 2018". Hitlisten. Retrieved July 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake: In My Feelings" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. Retrieved August 5, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Lescharts.com – Drake – In My Feelings" (in French). Les classement single. Retrieved July 31, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Drake – In My Feelings". GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ "IFPI – Greek Charts". IFPI. Retrieved July 23, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Single (track) Top 40 lista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége. Retrieved July 30, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Stream Top 40 slágerlista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége. Retrieved July 30, 2018.
Jump up ^ "George Ezra tops Official Irish Singles Chart, Ariana is highest new entry". Official Charts Company. July 20, 2018. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Top Singoli – Classifica settimanale WK 32" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved August 11, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake Chart History (Japan Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved August 3, 2018.
Jump up ^ "The Official Lebanese Top 20". The Official Lebanese Top 20. Retrieved August 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Mexico Airplay: March 31, 2018". Billboard. Retrieved May 16, 2018. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ "NZ Top 40 Singles Chart". Recorded Music NZ. July 23, 2018. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – week 32, 2018" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40 Retrieved August 11, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Drake – In My Feelings" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ "VG-lista – Topp 20 Single uke 30, 2018". VG-lista. Retrieved July 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Portuguesecharts.com – Drake – In My Feelings". AFP Top 100 Singles. Retrieved July 31, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Official Scottish Singles Sales Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ "SNS IFPI" (in Slovak). Hitparáda – Singles Digital Top 100 Oficiálna. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 201828 into search. Retrieved July 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Top 100 Canciones – Semana 30: del 20.07.2018 al 26.07.2018" (PDF) (in Spanish). Productores de Música de España. Retrieved August 1, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Sverigetopplistan – Sveriges Officiella Topplista". Sverigetopplistan. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Swisscharts.com – Drake – In My Feelings". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved July 23, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Official R&B Singles Chart Top 40". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 13, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake Chart History (Dance Club Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved August 3, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake Chart History (Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake Chart History (Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved August 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake Chart History (Rhythmic)". Billboard. Retrieved August 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Australian Top 50 Singles". Australian Recording Industry Association. August 13, 2018. Retrieved August 11, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Italian single certifications – Drake – In My Feelings" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved August 13, 2018.
Jump up ^ "New Zealand single certifications – Drake – In My Feelings". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ "British single certifications – Drake – In My Feelings". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved August 11, 2018. Select singles in the Format field. Select Gold in the Certification field. Enter In My Feelings in the search field and then press Enter.
Jump up ^ http://radiodate.it/radio-date/drake-in-my-feelings-178201-24-08-2018-radiodate/
show
v
t
e
Drake songs
Discography
Comeback Season
"Replacement Girl"
So Far Gone
"Successful"
"Best I Ever Had"
"I'm Goin' In"
We Are Young Money
"Every Girl"
"BedRock"
Thank Me Later
"Fireworks"
"Over"
"Up All Night"
"Fancy"
"Miss Me"
"Find Your Love"
"9AM in Dallas"
Take Care
"Over My Dead Body"
"Headlines"
"Crew Love"
"Take Care"
"Marvins Room"
"We'll Be Fine"
"Make Me Proud"
"Lord Knows"
"HYFR (Hell Ya Fucking Right)"
"The Motto"
Nothing Was the Same
"Tuscan Leather"
"Furthest Thing"
"Started from the Bottom"
"Wu-Tang Forever"
"Worst Behavior"
"From Time"
"Hold On, We're Going Home"
"The Language"
"Too Much"
"Pound Cake / Paris Morton Music 2"
"All Me"
If You're Reading This It's Too Late
"Energy"
"Preach"
What a Time to Be Alive
"Jumpman"
Views
"Controlla"
"One Dance"
"Pop Style"
"Too Good"
"Hotline Bling"
More Life
"Free Smoke"
"No Long Talk"
"Passionfruit"
"Get It Together"
"Madiba Riddim"
"Blem"
"Gyalchester"
"Portland"
"Sacrifices"
"Teenage Fever"
"KMT"
"Glow"
"Since Way Back"
"Fake Love"
"Ice Melts"
Scary Hours / Scorpion
"God's Plan / Diplomatic Immunity"
"Nonstop"
"Emotionless"
"I'm Upset"
"Nice for What"
"In My Feelings"
"Don't Matter to Me"
Other singles
"Forever"
"0 to 100 / The Catch Up"
"Charged Up"
"Back to Back"
"Right Hand"
"Summer Sixteen"
"Sneakin' "
"Two Birds, One Stone"
"No Frauds"
"Signs"
"Yes Indeed"
As featured artist
"100"
"4 My Town (Play Ball)"
"Amen"
"Aston Martin Music"
"Back on Road"
"Believe Me"
"Big Amount"
"Blessings"
"Both"
"Cabaret"
"Champion"
"Come and See Me"
"Come Closer"
"Deuces (Remix)"
"Diced Pineapples"
"Digital Girl (Remix)"
"Enough Said"
"Fall for Your Type"
"Fed Up"
"Feel Love"
"For Free"
"Fuckin' Problems"
"Gonorrhea"
"I Do It"
"I Invented Sex"
"I'm on One"
"In the Morning"
"It's Good"
"Know Bout Me"
"Lemon (Remix)"
"Live For"
"Look Alive"
"Love Me"
"Loving You No More"
"Mine"
"Moment 4 Life"
"Money to Blow"
"Mr. Wrong"
"No Complaints"
"No Guns Allowed"
"No Lie"
"No New Friends"
"No Shopping"
"Odio"
"Only"
"Poetic Justice"
"Pop That"
"R.I.C.O."
"Recognize"
"Right Above It"
"Right Here"
"Round of Applause"
"Say Something"
"She Will"
"Stay Schemin'"
"Still Got It"
"The One"
"The Zone"
"Throw It in the Bag (Remix)"
"To the Max"
"Trophies"
"Truffle Butter"
"Tuesday"
"Un-Thinkable (I'm Ready) (Remix)"
"Unusual"
"Used to This"
"Walk It Talk It"
"Wavin' Flag (Haiti Mix)"
"We in This Bitch 1.5"
"What's My Name?"
"What Up"
"Where Ya At"
"Who Do You Love?"
"Why You Always Hatin?"
"Work"
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=In_My_Feelings_(song)&oldid=854729825"
Categories:
2018 singles
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Songs written by Drake (musician)
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Songs written by Lil Wayne
Songs written by Static Major
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