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Mexico City Metro
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Mexico City Metro
Mexico City Metro
Overview
Native name
Metro de la Ciudad de México
Locale
Mexico City
Transit type
Rapid transit
Number of lines
12[1]
Line number
1-9, 12, A, B
Number of stations
195[1]
Daily ridership
4,616,264 (2013)
Annual ridership
1.662 billion (2016)
Website
Metro de la Ciudad de México
Operation
Began operation
September 4, 1969; 48 years ago (1969-09-04)[2]
Operator(s)
Sistema de Transporte Colectivo (STC)
Number of vehicles
390[3]
Technical
System length
226.5 km (140.7 mi)[1]
Track gauge
1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) (standard gauge) (2 lines); and roll ways along track (Rubber-tyred metro) (10 lines)
[hide]System map
Metro Pino Suárez logo, showing the intersection of Line 1 (the "Pink Line) and Line 2 (the "Blue Line." The colors and iconography mark lines and stations without the need for literacy.
The Mexico City Metro (Spanish: Metro de la Ciudad de México), officially called Sistema de Transporte Colectivo, often shortened to STC, is a metro system that serves the metropolitan area of Mexico City, including some municipalities in Mexico State. It is the second largest metro system in North America after the New York City Subway. In 2016, the system served 1.662 billion passengers,[4] placing it as the ninth highest ridership in the world.
The inaugural STC Metro line was 12.7 kilometres (7.9 mi) long, serving 16 stations, and opened to the public on September 4, 1969.[2] The system has expanded since then in a series of fits and starts. As of 2015[update], the system has 12 lines,[1] serving 195 stations,[1] and 226.49 kilometres (140.73 mi) of route (including the recently opened Line 12).[1] Ten of the lines are rubber-tyred; instead of traditional steel wheels, they use pneumatic traction, which are quieter and cope better with Mexico City's unstable soils. The system survived the 1985 Mexico City earthquake.[5]
Of the STC Metro's 195 stations,[1] 24[citation needed] serve two or more lines (correspondencias or transfer stations). Many stations are named for historical figures, places, or events in Mexican history. It has 115 underground stations[1] (the deepest of which are 35 metres (115 ft) below street level); 54 surface stations[1] and 26 elevated stations.[1] All lines operate from 5 a.m. to midnight.
At the end of 2007, the Federal District government announced the construction of the most recent STC Metro line, Line 12, which was built to run approximately 26 kilometres (16 mi)[6] towards the southeastern part of the city, connecting with Lines 7, 3, 2 and 8. This line opened on 30 October 2012.[7]
The Metro has figured in Mexico's cultural history, as the inspiration for a musical composition for strings, "Metro Chabacano"[8] and the 1982 Rodrigo "Rockdrigo" González's 1982 song, "Metro Balderas." It has also been a site for the 1990 Hollywood movie Total Recall.[9] Public intellectual Carlos Monsiváis has commented on the cultural importance of the Metro, "a space for collective expression, where diverse social sectors are compelled to mingle every day."[10]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Concept of the Metro and Early Plans
1.2 First stage (1967–1972)
1.3 Second stage (1977–1982)
1.4 Third stage (1983–1985), and the 1985 earthquake
1.5 Fourth stage (1985–1987)
1.6 Fifth stage (1988–1994)
1.7 Sixth stage (1994–2000)
1.8 Seventh stage (2008–2014)
1.9 Archaeological Findings
1.10 Architecture
2 Lines, stations, names, colors and logos
3 Transfers to other systems
4 Fares and pay systems
5 Rolling stock
6 See also
7 Further reading
8 References
9 External links
History[edit]
Sound of Mexico City Metro train arriving to a station
At General Anaya station.
Problems playing this file? See media help.
Concept of the Metro and Early Plans[edit]
Original "Plan Maestro" for the Mexico City Metro.
By the second half of the twentieth century, Mexico City had serious public transport issues, with congested main roads and highways, especially in the downtown zone, where 40 percent of the daily trips in the city were concentrated. 65 of the 91 lines of bus and electric transport served this area. With four thousand units in addition to 150,000 personal automobiles peak hours, the average speed was less than walking pace.
The principal promoter of the construction of the Mexico City Metro was engineer Bernardo Quintana, who was in charge of the construction company Ingenieros Civiles y Asociados (Spanish for Civil Engineers and Associates). He carried out a series of studies that resulted in a draft plan which would ultimately lead to the construction of the Mexico City Metro. This plan was shown to different authorities of Mexico City but it was not made official until April 29, 1967, when the Government Gazette ("Diario Oficial de la Federación") published the presidential decree that created a public decentralized organism, the Sistema de Transporte Colectivo, with the proposal to build, operate and run a rapid transit of subterranean course for the public transport of Mexico City.
On June 19, 1967, in the crossroad of Chapultepec Avenue with Avenida Bucareli, the inauguration ceremony for the Mexico City Metro took place. Two years later, on September 4, 1969, an orange train made the inaugural trip between stations Zaragoza and Insurgentes, thus beginning daily operation up to today.
Mexico City Metro train in Bellas Artes station, decorated with images related to the city.
Model of the Templo Mayor of Aztec Tenochtitlan displayed at Zócalo station. Such displays in some stations are an opportunity to educate Metro riders about the city's history.
First stage (1967–1972)[edit]
The first stage of construction comprised the construction and inauguration of lines 1, 2 and 3. This stage involved engineers, geologists, mechanics, civil engineers, chemists, hydraulic and sanitation workers, electricians, archaeologists, and biologists; specialists in ventilation, statistics, computation, and in traffic and transit; accountants, economists, lawyers, workers and laborers. Between 1,200 and 4,000 specialists and 48,000 workers participated, building at least one kilometer of track per month, the fastest rate of construction ever for a subway.[citation needed]
During this stage of construction workers uncovered two archaeological ruins, one Aztec idol, and the bones of a mammoth (under exhibit in Talismán station).[11]
By the end of the first stage, namely on June 10, 1972, the STC Metro had 48 stations and a total length of 41.41 kilometres (25.73 mi): Line 1 ran from Observatorio to Zaragoza, Line 2 from Tacuba into the southwestern Tasqueña and line 3 from Tlatelolco to Hospital General in the south, providing quick access to the General Hospital of Mexico.
Second stage (1977–1982)[edit]
No further progress was reached during President Luis Echeverría's government, but during José López Portillo's administration, a second stage began. The Comisión Ejecutiva del Metro (Executive Technical Commission of Mexico City Metro) was created in order to be in charge of expanding the STC Metro within the metropolitan area of Mexico City.
Works began with the expansion of Line 3 towards the north from Tlatelolco to La Raza in 1978 and to the current terminal Indios Verdes in 1979, and towards the south from Hospital General to Centro Médico in 1980 and to Zapata months later. Construction of lines 4 and 5 was begun and completed on May 26 – August 30, 1982, respectively; the first one from Martín Carrera to Santa Anita and the latter from Politécnico to Pantitlán. Line 4 was the first STC Metro line built as an elevated track, owing to the lower density of big buildings.
Third stage (1983–1985), and the 1985 earthquake[edit]
This construction stage took place from the beginning of 1983 through the end of 1985. Lines 1, 2 and 3 were expanded to their current lengths, and new lines 6 and 7 were built. The length of the network was increased by 35.29 kilometres (21.93 mi) and the number of stations to 105.
Line 3 route was expanded from Zapata station to Universidad station on August 30, 1983. Line 1 was expanded from Zaragoza to current terminal Pantitlán, and line 2 from Tacuba to current terminal Cuatro Caminos. These latter were both inaugurated on August 22, 1984.
Line 6 first route ran from El Rosario to Instituto del Petróleo; Line 7 was opened from Tacuba to Barranca del Muerto and runs on the bottom of the Sierra de las Cruces mountain range that surrounds the Valley of Mexico by its west side, outside of the ancient lake zone. This made possible Line 7 to be built as a deep-tunnel.
On the morning of September 19, 1985, an 8.1 Richter magnitude earthquake struck Mexico City. Many buildings as well as streets were left with major damage making the transportation on the ground difficult, but the STC Metro was not damaged because a rectangular structure had been used instead of arches, making it resistant to earthquakes, thus proving to be a safe means of transportation in a time of crisis.[citation needed]
On the day of the quake, the Metro stopped service and completely shut down for fear of electrocution. This caused people to get out of the tunnels from wherever they were and onto the street to try to get where they were going.[12] At the time, the Metro had 101 stations, with 32 closed to the public in the weeks after the event. On Line 1, there was no service in stations Merced, Pino Suárez, Isabel la Católica, Salto del Agua, Balderas or Cuauhtémoc. On Line 2, there was no service between stations Bellas Artes and Taxqueña. On Line 3 only Juárez and Balderas were closed. Line 4 continued to operate normally. All of the closed stations were in the historic center area, with the exception of the stations of Line 2 south of Pino Suárez. These stations were located above ground. The reason these stations were closed was not due to damage to the Metro proper, but rather because of surface rescue work and clearing of debris.[13]
Fourth stage (1985–1987)[edit]
Fourth stage saw the completion of Line 6 from Instituto del Petróleo to eastern terminal Martín Carrera and Line 7 to the north from Tacuba to El Rosario. Line 9 was the only new line built during this stage. It originally ran from Pantitlán to Centro Médico, and its expansion to Tacubaya was completed on August 29, 1988. For Line 9, a circular deep-tunnel and an elevated track were used.
Fifth stage (1988–1994)[edit]
For the first time, a service line of the Mexico City Metro ran into the State of Mexico: planned as one of more líneas alimentadoras (feeding lines to be named by letters, instead of numbers), line A was fully operational by its first inauguration on August 12, 1991. It runs from Pantitlán to La Paz, located in the municipality of the same name. This line was built almost entirely above ground, and to reduce the cost of maintenance, steel railway tracks and overhead lines were used instead of pneumatic traction, promoting the name metro férreo (steel-rail metro) as opposed to the previous eight lines that used pneumatic traction.
The draft for Line 8 planned a correspondencia (transfer station) in Zócalo, namely the exact center of the city, but it was canceled due to possible damage to the colonial buildings and the Aztec ruins, so it was replanned and now it runs from Garibaldi, which is still downtown, to Constitución de 1917 in the southeast of the city. The construction of line 8 began in 1988 and was completed in 1994.
With this, the length of the network increased 37.1 kilometres (23.1 mi), adding two lines and 29 more stations, giving the metro network at that point a total of 178.1 kilometres (110.7 mi), 154 stations and 10 lines.
Sixth stage (1994–2000)[edit]
Assessment for line B began in late 1993. Line B was intended as a second línea alimentadora for northeastern municipalities in the State of Mexico, but, unlike line A, it used pneumatic traction. Construction of the subterranean track between Buenavista (named after the old Buenavista train station) and Garibaldi began in October 1994. Line B was opened to public in two stages: from Buenavista to Villa de Aragón on December 15, 1999, and from Villa de Aragón to Ciudad Azteca on November 30, 2000.
Seventh stage (2008–2014)[edit]
Plans for a new STC Metro line started in 2008, although previous surveys and assessments were made as early as 2000. Line 12 first service stage was planned for completion in late 2009 with the creation of track connecting Axomulco, a planned new transfer station for Line 8 (between Escuadrón 201 and Atlalilco) to Tláhuac. The second stage, connecting Mixcoac to Tláhuac, was to be completed in 2010.
Construction of Line 12 started in 2008, assuring it would be opened by 2011. Nevertheless, completion was delayed to 2012. Free test rides were offered to public in some stations, and the line was fully operational on October 30, 2012. With minor changes, Line 12 runs from Mixcoac to Tláhuac, serving southern Mexico City for the first time. With 24.31 kilometres (15.11 mi), it is the longest line in the system.
Line 12 differs from previous lines in several aspects: no hawkers are allowed, neither inside the train nor inside the stations; it is the first numbered-line to use steel railway tracks; one must have a Tarjeta DF smart card to access any station, since Metro tickets are no longer accepted.
In the book Los hombres del Metro,[citation needed] the original planning of Line 12 is described; although it was to begin at Mixcoac as it does today, Atlalilco and Constitución de 1917 stations of Line 8 were to be part of Line 12. The same map shows that Line 8 would have reached the Villa Coapa area and that it would not have had a terminal at Garibaldi, but at Indios Verdes, linking with Line 3. In addition, the book shows that Line 7 would have terminated at San Jerónimo. None of this plans have been confirmed by the Mexico City government.
In 2015 mayor Miguel Ángel Mancera announced the construction[citation needed] of two more stations and a terminal for Line 12: Valentín Campa,[14] Álvaro Obregón and Observatorio, both west of Mixcoac; these are to be built by 2016. With this Line 12 will be connected to Line 1 and provide a new metro access to the Observatorio zone, which will become the terminal for the intercity train between México City and Toluca, planned to complete in 2018.[15][16]
Archaeological Findings[edit]
The metro system's construction has resulted in more that 20 thousand archeological findings, from various time periods in the history of the indigenous people.[17] The excavations needed to make way for the rails gave opportunities to find artifacts from different periods of the region's inhabitants, in areas that are now densely urbanized.[citation needed] Objects and small structures were found, with origins spanning from prehistoric times to the 20th century. Some examples of artifacts preserved by the Mexican National Institute of Anthropology and History (Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia de México (INAH)) are: parts of pyramids (like an altar to the Mexica god Ehecatl), a sculpture of the goddess Coatlicue, and remains of a mammoth.[18] The altar to Ehécatl is now in Pino Suárez station, between lines 1 and 2, and is called by the INAH the smallest archeological site in Mexico. The metro has led to a large quantity of archeological findings, and has also let us understand more about the pattern of ancient civilizations in the Mexican capital by analyzing its underground from various time periods.
Architecture[edit]
Distinguished architects were hired to design and construct the stations on the first metro line, such as Enrique del Moral, Félix Candela, Salvador Ortega and Luis Barragán. Examples of Candela's work can be seen in San Lázaro, Candelaria, and Merced stations on line 1.[citation needed]
Lines, stations, names, colors and logos[edit]
Main articles: Mexico City metro lines and List of Mexico City metro stations
Mexico City Metro system diagram as of 2013
Metro Zapata in Mexico City, the icon shows a stylized, eyeless Zapata
Metro Salto de Agua logo
Metro Juárez logo
Each line offers one service only, and to each line a number (letter if feeding line) and a colour are assigned. Every assigned color is present on square-shaped station logos, system maps and street signs, and neither colours nor numbers have been changed. Line B is the only exception to color assignment, as green (upper half) and grey (lower half) are used, producing thus bicolor logos and signs. Gray only may be used to avoid confusion with line 8, which uses a similar green.
The names of metro stations are often historical in nature, highlighting people, places, and events in Mexican history. There are stations commemorating aspects of the Mexican Revolution and the revolutionary era. When it opened in 1969 with line 1 (the "Pink Line"), two stations alluded to the Revolution. Most directly referencing the Revolution was Metro Pino Suárez, named after Francisco I. Madero's vice president, who was murdered with him in February 1913. The other was Metro Balderas, whose icon is a cannon, alluding to the Ciudadela armory where the coup against Madero was launched. In 1970, Metro Revolución opened, with the station at the Monument to the Revolution. As the Metro expanded, further stations with names from the revolutionary era opened. In 1980, two popular heroes of the Revolution were honored, with Metro Zapata explicitly commemorating the peasant revolutionary from Morelos. A sideways commemoration was Metro División del Norte, named after the Army that Pancho Villa commanded until its demise in the Battle of Celaya in 1915.
The year 1997 saw the opening of the Metro Lázaro Cárdenas station. In 1988, Metro Aquiles Serdán honors the first martyr of the Revolution Aquiles Serdán. In 1994, Metro Constitución de 1917 opened, as did Metro Garibaldi, named after the grandson of Italian fighter for independence, Giuseppi Garibaldi. The grandson had been a participant in the Mexican Revolution. In 1999, the radical anarchist Ricardo Flores Magón was honored with the Metro Ricardo Flores Magón station. Also opening in 1999 was Metro Romero Rubio, named after the leader of Porfirio Díaz's Científicos, whose daughter Carmen Romero Rubio became Díaz's second wife.[19] In 2012, a new Metro line opened with a Metro Hospital 20 de Noviembre stop, a hospital named after the date that Francisco I. Madero in his 1910 Plan de San Luis Potosí called for rebellion against Díaz. There are no Metro stops named for Madero, Carranza, Obregón, or Calles, and only an oblique reference to Villa in Metro División del Norte.
Each station is identified by a minimalist logo, first designed by Lance Wyman, who had also designed the logo for the 1968 Mexico Olympics.[20] Logos are generally related to the name of the station or the area around it. At the time of Line 1's opening, Mexico's illiteracy rate was high.[21][22] As of 1960, 38% of Mexicans over the age of five were illiterate and only 5.6% of Mexicans over the age of six had completed more than six years of school.[23] Since one-third of the Mexican population could not read or write and most of the rest had not completed high school, it was thought that patrons would find it easier to guide themselves with a system based on colors and visual signs.[citation needed]
The logos are not assigned at random; rather, they are designated by considering the surrounding areas, such as:
The reference places that are located around the stations (e.g., the logo for Salto del Agua fountain depicts a fountain).
The topology of an area (e.g., Coyoacán—in Nahuatl "place of coyotes"—depicts a coyote).
The history of the place (e.g., Juárez, named after President Benito Juárez, depicts his silhouette).
The logos' background colors reflect those of the line the station serves. Stations serving two or more lines show the respective colors of each line in diagonal stripes, as in Salto del Agua. This system was adopted for the Guadalajara and Monterrey metros, and recently for the 2005, 2009 and 2011 Mexico City Metrobús. Although logos are no longer necessary due to literacy being now widespread, their usage remained.
Line
Northern/Western terminal[2]
Southern/Eastern terminal[2]
Total stations[2]
Passenger track[24]
Inauguration[2]
Line 1 Observatorio (W) Pantitlán (E) 20 16.65 kilometres (10.35 mi) September 4, 1969
Line 2 Cuatro Caminos (N) Tasqueña (S) 24 20.71 kilometres (12.87 mi) August 1, 1970
Line 3 Indios Verdes (N) Universidad (S) 21 21.28 kilometres (13.22 mi) November 20, 1970
Line 4 Martín Carrera (N) Santa Anita (S) 10 9.36 kilometres (5.82 mi) August 29, 1981
Line 5 Politécnico (N) Pantitlán (S) 13 14.44 kilometres (8.97 mi) December 19, 1981
Line 6 El Rosario (W) Martín Carrera (E) 11 11.43 kilometres (7.10 mi) December 21, 1983
Line 7 El Rosario (N) Barranca del Muerto (S) 14 17.01 kilometres (10.57 mi) December 20, 1984
Line 8 Garibaldi/Lagunilla (N) Constitución de 1917 (S) 19 17.68 kilometres (10.99 mi) July 20, 1994
Line 9 Tacubaya (W) Pantitlán (E) 12 13.03 kilometres (8.10 mi) August 26, 1987
Line A Pantitlán (W) La Paz (E) 10 14.89 kilometres (9.25 mi) August 12, 1991
Line B Ciudad Azteca (N) Buenavista (S) 21 20.28 kilometres (12.60 mi) December 15, 1999
Line 12 Mixcoac (W)[7] Tláhuac (E)[7] 20[7] 24.11 kilometres (14.98 mi) October 30, 2012[7]
Colors according to the official STC icons.
Transfers to other systems[edit]
Annual Passenger Ridership
Year
Ridership
% Change
2002 1,396,408,190 -
2003 1,375,089,433 -1.55%
2004 1,441,659,626 +4.84%
2005 1,440,744,414 -0.06%
2006 1,416,995,974 -1.65%
2007 1,352,408,424 -4.56%
2008 1,460,144,568 +7.38%
2009 1,414,907,798 -3.20%
2010 1,530,352,732 +8.16%
2011 1,594,903,897 +4.22%
2012 1,608,865,177 +0.88%
2013 1,684,936,618 +4.73%
2014 1,614,333,594 -4.19%
Sources:[25][26][27][28][29][30][31]
Main articles: Suburban Railway of the Valley of Mexico Metropolitan Area, Toluca–Mexico City commuter rail, Xochimilco Light Rail, and Mexico City Metrobús
The Mexico City Metro offers in and out-street transfers to three major rapid transit systems: the Mexico City Metrobús bus rapid transit system, the Mexico City light rail system and the Ferrocarril Suburbano (FSZMVM) commuter rail. None of these is part of the Sistema de Transporte Colectivo network and an extra fare must be paid for access.
Metrobús Line 1 was inaugurated in 2005. According to the 1985 STC Metro Master Plan, Metrobús Line 1 roughly follows the route planned for STC Metro Line 15 by 2010, which was never built. Every transfer is out-of-station, but the same smart card may be used for payment. All five lines (Line 5 to be built during 2013) offer connection to at least one STC Metro station. STC Metro stations that connect to Metrobús lines include Indios Verdes, La Raza, Chilpancingo, Balderas, Etiopía / Plaza de la Transparencia, Insurgentes Sur and others.
The sole light rail line running from Tasqueña to Xochimilco is operated by the Servicio de Transportes Eléctricos and is better known as Tren Ligero. Line 2 terminal Tasqueña offers an in-station transfer, but an extra ticket must be purchased.
In 2008, the Ferrocarril Suburbano commuter rail, commonly known as Suburbano, was inaugurated with a sole line running from Cuatitlán to Buenavista as of 2013. STC Metro offers two in-station transfers: Line B terminal Buenavista to the Suburbano terminal of the same name, and Line 6 station Ferrería / Arena Ciudad de México into Suburbano station Fortuna. An extra fare must be paid, and a Ferrocarril Suburbano smart card is required for access.
Another commuter rail, Tren Interurbano de Pasajeros Toluca-Valle de México will be completed in 2018. This line will connect Mexico City with Toluca. It will terminate at Metro Observatorio.
Fares and pay systems[edit]
A single ticket, currently MXN $5.00, allows a rider one trip anywhere within the system with unlimited transfers. A discounted rate of MXN $3.00 is available upon application for women head of households, the unemployed, and students with scarce resources.[32] Mexico City Metro offers free service to the elderly, the physically impaired, and children under the age of 5 (accompanied by an adult). Tickets can be purchased at booths.
Rechargeable card in use.
Mexico City Metro Central Control building, Delicias street, Centro Histórico de la Ciudad de México.
Until 2009, a STC Metro ticket cost MXN $2.00 (€ 0.10, or US$ 0.15 in 2009); one purchased ticket allowed unlimited distance travel and transfer at any given time for one day, making the Mexico City Metro one of the cheapest rail systems in the world.[33] Only line A's transfer in Pantitlán required a second payment before December 13, 2013. In January 2010 the price rose to MXN $3.00 (€ 0.15, or US$ 0.24), a fare that remained until December 13, 2013; a 2009 survey showed that 93% of citizens approved of the increase, while some said they would be willing to pay even more if needed.[34]
STC Metro rechargeable cards were first available for an initial cost of MXN $10.00. The card would be recharged at the ticket counter in any station (or at machines in some Metro stations) to a maximum of MXN $120.00 (around € 6.44, or US$ 7.05 in 2015) for 24 trips.[35]
In an attempt to modernize public transport, in October 2012 the Mexico City government implemented the use of a prepaid fare card, or stored-value card, called Tarjeta DF (Tarjeta del Distrito Federal, literally Federal District Card) as a payment method for STC Metro, Metrobús and the city's trolleybus and light rail systems, though they are all managed by different organizations.[36] Servicio de Transportes Eléctricos manages both the Xochimilco Light Rail line and the city's trolleybus system. Previous fare cards that were valid only on STC Metro or Metrobús remained valid for the system for which they were acquired.[37]
Rolling stock[edit]
Schematic of rolling stock used on the Mexico City Metro
As of April 2012, 14 types of standard gauge rolling stock totalling a number of 355 trains running in 6-or 9-car formation are currently in use on the Mexico City Metro. Four manufacturers have provided rolling stock for the Mexico City Metro, namely the French Alstom (NM-73, 79), Canadian Bombardier (MP-86, FM-95A and NM-02), Spanish CAF and Mexican Concarril (NM-83 and FM-86) (now Bombardier Transportation Mexico, in some train types with the help of Alstom and/or Bombardier).
The maximum design speed limit is 80 km/h (50 mph) (average speed 35.5 km/h or 22.1 mph) for rubber-tyred rolling stock and 100 km/h (62 mph) (average speed 42.5 km/h or 26.4 mph) for steel-wheeled rolling stock. Unlike the rolling stock of other metro systems in the world, the trains do not utilise air-conditioning; instead forced-air ventilation is employed in all trains and the top portion of windows can be opened so that passenger comfort is ensured by the combination of these two types of ventilation. Like the rolling stock used in the Paris Métro, the numbering of the Mexico City Metro's rolling stock are specified by year of design (not year of first use).
In chronological order, the types of rubber-tyred rolling stock are: MP-68, NM-73A, NM-73B, NM-73C, NM-79, MP-82, NC-82, NM-83A, NM-83B, NE-92 and NM-02; and the types of steel-wheeled roling stock are: FM-86, FM-95A, FE-07 and FE-10.
See also[edit]
Mexico City portal
Trains portal
List of Mexico City metro stations
Mexico City metro lines
Xochimilco Light Rail
Ferrocarril Suburbano de la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México
Servicio de Transportes Eléctricos
Transportation in Mexico City
List of metro systems
Metro systems by annual passenger rides
List of Latin American rail transit systems by ridership
List of North American rapid transit systems by ridership
Metrobús
Rubber-tyred metro
Further reading[edit]
Beltrán González, José Antonio. Historia de los nombres de las estaciones del metro. Mexico City 1973.
Castañeda, Luis. M. Spectacular Mexico: Design, Propaganda, and the 1968 Olympics, chapter 5, "Subterranean Scenographies: Time Travel at the Mexico City Metro". Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press 2014.
Davis, Diane E. Urban Leviathan: Mexico City in the Twentieth Century. Philadelphia: Temple University Press 1994.
Derou, Georges. "El metro de ciudad de México visto por los franceses," Presencia 1 (1970).
"El arte del metro mexicano," Life en Español. 29 September 1969.
Espinosa Ulloa, Jorge. El metro: Una solución al problema del transporte urbano. Mexico City: Representaciones y Servicios de Ingeniería 1975.
Giniger, Henry, "Mexico City Subway Runs Deep into the Past: Relics of 600 Years in vast Quantity Are Being Unearthed," New York Times, 16 January 1969, 8.
Gussinyer, Jordi. "Hallazgos en el metro: Conjunto de adoratorios superpuestos en Pino Suárez," Boletín del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia 36 (June 1969).
Gómez Mayorga, Mauricio. "Planificación: La ciudad de México y sus transportes," Calli 3 (1960).
"Mexico City's Subway is for Viewing," Fortune, December 1969.
Monsiváis, Carlos, "El metro: Viaje hacia el fin del apretujón," in Carlos Monsiváis, Los rituales del caos. Mexico City: Ediciones Era 1995.
Navarro, Bernardo and Ovidio González, Metro, Metrópoli, México. Xochimilco: UAM,Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas, 1989.
Novo, Salvador, "Crónica" in El metro de México: Primera memoria. Mexico City: Sistema de Transporte Colectivo-Metro 1973.
Novo, Salvador, New Mexican Grandeur, trans. Noel Lindsay. Mexico City: PEMEX 1967.
Rodríguez, Antonio. "La solución: El metro o el monorriel?" Siempre! 1 September 1965.
Valencia Ramírez, Ariel. "Tecnología y cultura en el metro," Presencia 1 (1970).
Villoro, Juan. "The Metro" in Rubén Gallo, ed. Mexico City Reader, trans. Lorna Scott Fox. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press 2004.
Wise, Sydney Thomas. "Mexico City's Metro--The World's Highest Subway--Quietly Rolls Along," New York Times, 3 August 1969.
Wyman, Lance, "Subway Signage" in Peter Blake, Subways of the World Examined by the Cooper-Hewitt Museum. New York: Cooper-Hewitt Museum 1977.
Zamora, Adolfo. La cuestión del tránsito en una ciudad que carece de subsuelo adecuado para vía subterráneas o elevadas. Mexico City: XVI Congreso Internacional de Planificación y de la Habitación, August 1939.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j "Cifras de operación" [Operations figures] (in Spanish). Metro de la Ciudad de México. Archived from the original on 21 August 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Inauguraciones y Ampliaciones en Orden Cronológico Hasta 2000" [Inaugurations and Extensions in Chronological Order Until 2000] (in Spanish). Metro de la Ciudad de Mexico. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
Jump up ^ "Parque Vehicular" [Vehicle Fleet] (in Spanish). Metro de la Ciudad de México. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
Jump up ^ CDMX, Metro. "Afluencia de estación por línea 2016". Metro CDMX (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-02-07.
Jump up ^ Luis M. Castañeda, Spectacular Mexico: Design, Propaganda, and the 1968 Olympics. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press 2014, p. 243
Jump up ^ "Sabías Que... Linea 12" [Did You Know... Line 12] (in Spanish). Metro de la Ciudad de Mexico. Archived from the original on 17 September 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Linea 12" [Line 12] (in Spanish). Metro de la Ciudad de Mexico. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
Jump up ^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o4NdtURMoY8
Jump up ^ Castañeda, Spectacular Mexico pp. 241-42.
Jump up ^ Castañeda, Spectacular Mexico citing Monsiváis, "El metro: Viaje hacia el fin del apretujón," in Carlos Monsiváis, Los rituales del caos. Mexico City: Ediciones Era 1995, 109-10.
Jump up ^ "Etapas de construcción de la red del STC Metro" [Stages of construction of the STC Metro network] (in Spanish). Mexico City Metro (STC). Retrieved 20 August 2016.
Jump up ^ "Suicidios in Tlatelolco:Sismo en Mexico" (in Spanish). Mexico City: La Prensa. 14 September 2005. p. 2.
Jump up ^ Michoacan (in Maroc) Mexico City. 1999. pp. 8–28.
Jump up ^ Cruz, Alejandro (15 February 2013). "Ponen Valentín Campa a tren del Metro; nueva estación también llevará su nombre". La Jornada. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
Jump up ^ "Anuncia Mancera la próxima ampliación de la Línea 12 del Metro" [Mancera announces the forthcoming extension of Metro Line 12]. El Sol de México (in Spanish). Organización Editorial Mexicana. 14 February 2013. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
Jump up ^ Robles, Johana (15 February 2013). "Plantean alargar la L-12 del Metro hasta Alta Tensión" [Extension of Metro line 12 to the 'Alta Tensión' area proposed]. El Universal (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 August 2016.
Jump up ^ "Mexico City Subway Dig Yields Aztec Remains and Artifacts - History in the Headlines". HISTORY.com. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Remains of a mammoth uncovered near Mexico City". BBC News. 25 June 2016. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Perhaps enough time had passed since the Revolution and Romero Rubio was just a name with no historical significance to ordinary Mexicans. In 2000, the Institutional Revolutionary Party lost the presidential election to the candidate of the National Action Party (Mexico).
Jump up ^ Castañeda, Spectacular Mexico, pp. 151-55, 221-28.
Jump up ^ Marianne Ström, Metro-art in the Metro-polis (Paris: ACR Edition, 1994), 210. ACR Edition is the actual name of this book's publisher, not an indicator of a particular edition.
Jump up ^ John Ross, El Monstruo: Dread and Redemption in Mexico City (New York: Nation Books, 2009), 239.
Jump up ^ Francisco Alba, The Population of Mexico: Trends, Issues, and Policies (New Brunswick: Transaction Books, 1982), 52.
Jump up ^ "Longitudes de las Líneas (KM)" [Line lengths (km)] (in Spanish). Metro de la Ciudad de Mexico. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 August 2015. Retrieved 9 March 2008.
Jump up ^ "Tarifa Deferenciada de 3 Pesos" [Discounted fare of 3 pesos] (in Spanish).
Jump up ^ Schwandl, Robert (2007). "UrbanRail.Net > Central America > Mexico > Ciudad de Mexico Metro". Retrieved 16 August 2011.
Jump up ^ "Aprueban usuarios incremento a la tarifa del Metro (Spanish)". Archived from the original on 5 June 2013. Retrieved 28 February 2013.
Jump up ^ "STC: Tarjeta Recargable (Spanish)". Archived from the original on 16 March 2015.
Jump up ^ "Arranca el uso de la TarjetaDF para Metro, Metrobús y Trolebús" [Use of the TarjetaDF for Metro, Metrobús and Trolleybus begins]. Excélsior (in Spanish). 17 October 2012. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
Jump up ^ "STC: Nueva Tarjeta del Distrito Federal (Spanish)". Archived from the original on 26 January 2013.
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text:
Nick Foles
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Nick Foles
Foles at the 2014 Pro Bowl
No. 9 Philadelphia Eagles
Position:
Quarterback
Personal information
Date of birth:
(1989-01-20) January 20, 1989 (age 28)
Place of birth:
Austin, Texas
Height:
6 ft 6 in (1.98 m)
Weight:
243 lb (110 kg)
Career information
High school:
Austin (TX) Westlake
College:
Arizona
NFL Draft:
2012 / Round: 3 / Pick: 88
Career history
Philadelphia Eagles (2012–2014)
St. Louis Rams (2015)
Kansas City Chiefs (2016)
Philadelphia Eagles (2017–present)
Roster status:
Active
Career highlights and awards
Pro Bowl (2013)
NFL record 7 touchdown passes in a game (tied)
Career NFL statistics as of Week 17, 2016
Passing attempts:
1,252
Passing completions:
756
Percentage:
60.4
TD–INT:
56–27
Passing yards:
9,028
Passer rating:
88.1
Player stats at NFL.com
Nicholas Edward Foles (born January 20, 1989) is an American football quarterback for the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Arizona, and was drafted by the Eagles in the third round of the 2012 NFL Draft. He has also played for the St. Louis Rams and Kansas City Chiefs.
Foles played his first game with the Eagles in Week 10 of the 2012 season after Michael Vick left with an injury. Foles then made his first start the following week. In Week 9 of the 2013 season, he became the second quarterback to post a perfect passer rating (158.3) while passing for more than 400 yards, and also the first quarterback in NFL history to post a perfect passer rating and throw seven touchdowns in a single game. It was the 60th time in NFL history that a perfect passer rating was achieved overall.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early years
2 College career
2.1 Statistics
3 Professional career
3.1 Philadelphia Eagles
3.1.1 2012 season
3.1.2 2013: Pro Bowl season
3.1.3 2014 season
3.2 St. Louis Rams
3.3 Kansas City Chiefs
3.4 Philadelphia Eagles (second stint)
3.5 Career statistics
3.6 Career awards and highlights
4 Personal life
5 References
6 External links
Early years[edit]
The son of Larry and Melissa Foles, restaurateurs,[1] Foles was born and raised in Austin, Texas. He graduated in 2007 from Westlake High School, the alma mater of star NFL quarterback Drew Brees. A two-year starter for the football team, Foles threw for 5,658 yards and 56 touchdowns, breaking most school records previously held by Brees; he would play against Brees and the New Orleans Saints during the 2013–14 NFL playoffs.[2][3][4] Foles also excelled at basketball, where he started three years, twice received team MVP honors,[4] and was recruited by Georgetown, Baylor, and Texas. He also played high school football with Justin Tucker, kicker for the Baltimore Ravens, and Kyle Adams, a free agent formerly of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and Chicago Bears [5]
Foles originally committed to Arizona State but later decided to attend Michigan State. He ultimately transferred to the University of Arizona.[6]
College career[edit]
Foles at the Alamo Bowl in December 2010.
After attending Michigan State for a year, Foles transferred to Arizona and had to redshirt his 2008 freshman season.
After Willie Tuitama graduated, Foles entered a quarterback competition with expected successor Matt Scott. After spring practice Scott was given the starting role when the coaches felt that being a dual threat quarterback would open up the offense. Despite victories against Central Michigan and Northern Arizona, Scott struggled against Iowa and the next week Foles was given the chance to start. In Corvallis, Foles led the Wildcats to a victory against Oregon State. Foles continued to start for the rest of the year, completing 260-of-409 pass attempts for 2,486 yards, 19 touchdowns, and nine interceptions.[7]
As a redshirt junior in 2010, Foles was the unquestioned starter. Foles led the Wildcats to a 7–1 start which included a victory against #9 Iowa on national television. Foles led the game-winning drive that ended with a touchdown pass to Bug Wright. Against Washington State, Foles suffered a knee injury that kept him sidelined for two weeks. Foles finished off his junior year with 3,191 yards, 20 touchdowns, and 10 interceptions despite missing two games due to injury.
During the 2011 season, Foles completed 387-of-560 passes for 4,334 yards and 28 touchdowns. He ranked first in the Pac-12 Conference and fifth among all NCAA Division I FBS players with an average of 352.58 yards of total offense per game.[8] He also ranked second in the Pac-12 and 20th among all FBS players in total passing yardage.[9]
Foles graduated from the University of Arizona with a degree in communication.[4][6]
Statistics[edit]
Year
Team
Passing
Rushing
Cmp
Att
Pct
Yds
Y/A
TD
Int
Rtg
Att
Yds
Avg
TD
2007 Michigan State 5 8 62.5 57 7.1 0 0 122.4 0 0 0.0 0
2009 Arizona 260 410 63.4 2,486 6.1 19 9 125.2 28 -74 -2.6 3
2010 Arizona 286 426 67.1 3,191 7.5 20 10 140.9 35 -113 -3.2 1
2011 Arizona 387 560 69.1 4,334 7.7 28 14 145.6 43 -103 -2.4 0
Career[10] 938 1,404 66.8 10,068 7.2 67 33 138.1 106 -290 -2.7 4
Professional career[edit]
Philadelphia Eagles[edit]
2012 season[edit]
Foles was selected by the Philadelphia Eagles in the third round with the 88th overall pick in the 2012 NFL Draft. He signed a four-year contract with the team on May 21, 2012. Despite speculation that Foles would start the Eagles' Monday Night Football game against the New Orleans Saints on November 5 (Week 9),[11] Eagles coach Andy Reid stated that Vick would start that game.[12] The following week against the division rival Dallas Cowboys, after Vick left the game in the second quarter with concussion symptoms, Foles made his NFL debut. Foles threw his first career touchdown pass to wide receiver Jeremy Maclin for 44 yards and finished with 22 completed passes out of 32 attempts for 219 yards, one touchdown, and one interception. With Philadelphia behind 31-23 in the last minute, Foles lost the ball as he was sacked, and Jason Hatcher of the Cowboys recovered the ball in the end zone for a touchdown.[13] Vick was eventually ruled out of the following game against the Washington Redskins in Week 11, and Foles made his first career start.[14] Philadelphia lost to the Washington Redskins 31-6, and Foles was 21-for-47 in passing 204 yards with no touchdowns and two interceptions.[15]
Foles in 2012
On Monday, December 3, 2012, Eagles coach Andy Reid announced that Foles would start for the remainder of the year, regardless of when Michael Vick returned from a concussion.[16] The following Week 14 game on December 9, Foles earned his first win as a starter in the Eagles' 23–21 win over the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. With two seconds remaining on the clock and Philadelphia down 21-16 at the Bucs' one-yard line, Foles threw a 1-yard pass to Jeremy Maclin for the game-winning touchdown as time expired. Foles completed 32-of-51 passes for 381 yards and two touchdowns – both coming in the final four minutes. He also had 27 rushing yards and a rushing touchdown.[17] On December 23, Foles broke his hand against the Redskins, and was replaced by Vick in the season finale against the New York Giants.[18] On December 26, Foles was placed on injured reserve.[19]
2013: Pro Bowl season[edit]
Going into training camp, new head coach Chip Kelly announced that Foles would compete with Vick and newly-drafted rookie Matt Barkley for the Eagles starting quarterback job in the 2013 season.[citation needed] Going into preseason, it became clear that the job was a two-way battle between Foles and Vick.[citation needed] Foles played average during preseason while Vick would excel past him. On August 20, it was announced that Vick would start the season and Foles would be the backup.
Foles saw his first action during a Week 4 loss against the Denver Broncos. He completed 3 out of 4 attempted passes for a total of 49 yards and one touchdown, with no interceptions.[20]
On October 6, Foles entered the game against the New York Giants in the second quarter, after Vick suffered a hamstring injury. Foles completed 16 of 25 passes for 197 yards and 2 touchdowns, leading the Eagles to a 36–21 win over the Giants. Later in the week it was announced that Foles would get the start Week 6 vs the 0–4 Tampa Bay Buccaneers, after Vick was declared unable to start due to his injury. In his Week 6 start on October 13, Foles had one of the best starts of his career, completing 22 of 31 passes for 296 yards and 4 total touchdowns (3 passing, 1 rushing) in a 31–20 win over the Bucs, a performance that earned him NFC Offensive Player of the Week.
On October 15, Vick announced that he needed another week of rehab before he was able to start again, making Foles the starter for the Week 7 matchup against the Dallas Cowboys for the division lead. However, against the Cowboys, Foles would only complete 11 of 29 passes for a total of 80 yards, with no touchdowns. In that same game, Foles left in the 4th quarter after suffering a head injury, and was replaced by rookie Matt Barkley. Barkley would not perform well either, throwing 3 interceptions. The Eagles went on to lose 17–3 to the Cowboys thus dropping to 3–4 on the season and 1 game out of first place. The next day, Foles was diagnosed with a concussion and ruled out of any participation in the Week 8 matchup against the Giants on medical grounds.
Vick left the game late in the second quarter of the Eagles 15–7 loss to the Giants in Week 8, aggravating the hamstring injury he had previously picked up in Week 5.
Foles was given his third start of the season for Week 9 against the Oakland Raiders. Against the Raiders, Foles threw for seven touchdowns, tying a record held by six other quarterbacks. Foles is one of three quarterbacks to throw seven touchdowns and zero interceptions; he also amassed a perfect passer rating (158.3), having thrown more touchdown passes than incompletions.[21] Foles was awarded his second NFC Offensive Player of the Week Award of the season for his performance vs the Raiders.
In Week 10 of the regular season, Foles played in his sixth game of the season (four starts) against the Green Bay Packers. Coming into the game the Eagles had lost to the Packers on the last three occasions the teams had met (including post season).[22] Foles completed 12 out of 18 passes for a total of 228 yards, 3 touchdowns, and no interceptions. His passer rating was extremely high for the second consecutive week, finishing at 149.3 and becoming the first QB in NFL history to post passer ratings above 149 in consecutive weeks. Foles carried 8 times during the game, including a 16 yard long run, finishing the game with 38 yards total and one fumble lost. The Eagles won the game 27–13 and moved to 5–5.
Nick Foles during a four-yard touchdown run during a 24–16 victory over the Redskins on November 17, 2013.
Foles continued as the starting quarterback in Week 11 of the regular season against the Washington Redskins at home. For the sixth time this season, Foles’ passer rating eclipsed 100, as he completed 17 of his 26 attempts for 298 yards with 0 touchdowns and 0 interceptions. Foles rushed the ball on 9 occasions during the game, ending with 47 total yards and a rushing touchdown. He led the Eagles to a 24–0 lead at the end of the third quarter, before a comeback from the Redskins meant the game finished 24–16. The win moved the Eagles to an overall record of 6–5–0 and first position in the NFC East. The Eagles had not won at Lincoln Financial Field in 413 days since defeating the New York Giants on September 30, 2012; ending a streak of 10 consecutive home defeats.[23][24] On November 27, Foles was named the NFC Player of the Month for his play during the month of November.
The Eagles did not have a game scheduled for Week 12 of the regular season. The team returned to action on Sunday, December 1, for a home game against the Arizona Cardinals. Following their bye week, the Eagles had slipped into 2nd place in the divisional standings behind fierce rivals the Cowboys. Foles was named as the starting quarterback for the remainder of the season, a decision which Vick (who began the year as the number one quarterback) fully agreed with.[25]
For the seventh time this season, Foles's passer rating eclipsed 100, as he completed 21 of 34 attempted passes for a total of 237 yards, with 3 touchdowns and 0 interceptions. He also rushed for 22 yards on 9 attempts and fumbled on one occasion, although this was recovered by his teammates - and did not result in a turnover. Following a closely contested game, the Eagles held on to win 24–21 despite a fourth quarter comeback by Carson Palmer. Foles set a team record for most passes without an interception (233), breaking Michael Vick's mark of 224 set in 2010. He also moved within one touchdown pass of the record 20 straight touchdown passes set by Peyton Manning and zero interceptions to start a season before throwing an interception in a blizzard game in Philadelphia against the Detroit Lions in which the Eagles won 34–20. [26] The win took the Eagles to an overall record of 8–5 and surpassed Dallas for the number one spot in the NFC East. A week later in Minnesota, the team's five game winning streak was snapped with a loss to Minnesota. However, Foles again had another impressive game with yet another passer rating over 100 and three more touchdowns and only his second interception of the season. The following week, the Eagles defeated the Chicago Bears 54–11, which saw another passer rating over 100 and a completion of 84.0% of his passes, a career-high. Foles helped lead the Eagles to their first NFC East division title in three years by beating the Cowboys in the regular season finale. Foles had his ninth game with a passer rating over 100.
Foles finished the 2013 regular season with 27 touchdown passes and only 2 interceptions, surpassing Tom Brady's 2010 season posting of 36/4 for the best TD-INT ratio in NFL history, and a season leading 119.0 passer rating and third in NFL history trailing only to Aaron Rodgers' 122.5 rating in 2011 and Peyton Manning's 121.1 rating in 2004.[27] Foles led the Eagles to a playoff berth, the first since 2010. Hosting the Saints in the playoffs at Lincoln Financial Field, the Eagles lost on a last minute field goal as the game ended at 26–24. Foles threw for 195 yards, two touchdowns, and no interceptions, for a passer rating of 105.0, in his postseason debut. Foles was awarded the "NFL Greatness on the Road" award for his seven touchdown, perfect game performance against the Oakland Raiders during a road game in 2013.
Foles was also assigned to the 2014 Pro Bowl as an alternate and was drafted by Team Sanders. Despite losing the game, Foles went 7 for 10 for 89 yards and a go ahead touchdown. Foles won the Pro Bowl Offensive MVP award, which included a new GMC truck.[28]
2014 season[edit]
Going into 2014, Chip Kelly had released Foles' top receiver, DeSean Jackson, but Jeremy Maclin, who had good chemistry with Foles in 2012, returned from an ACL tear and had a career season, gaining 702 yards and six touchdowns with Foles as QB, finishing with 1,318 yards and ten scores. He was also aided by rookie receiver Jordan Matthews, second year tight end Zach Ertz, and veteran running back Darren Sproles.
Foles and the Eagles kicked off their 2014 season with a Week 1 home matchup against the Jacksonville Jaguars. Foles started the game poorly, losing 2 fumbles and throwing an interception in the first half. Foles only lost 2 fumbles and threw 2 interceptions the entire 2013 season. The Eagles defense also performed poorly, as they trailed 17–0 after the first half. However, the Eagles roared back in the second half, scoring 34 unanswered points to defeat the Jags 34–17. Overall, Foles completed 24 of 45 passes for 332 yards and 2 touchdowns, along with the 3 turnovers.[29]
Foles led the Eagles to a 30–27 win over the Colts after trailing by as much as 20-6 early in the third. Foles went 21–37, passing for 331 yards, 1 touchdown, and 1 interception during the game.[29]
Foles played his best game of the young season in 37–34 win over the division rival Washington Redskins. Foles fought off the slow starts of games past, a strong Washington defensive front seven, and a brutal blindside hit from Washington defensive lineman Chris Baker which resulted in a major brawl between both teams and causing Eagles left tackle Jason Peters, the strongest player in their line, and Baker to be ejected from the game.[30][31] Foles finished the game completing 66 percent of his passes, going for 325 yards and three touchdowns. In Week 8, Foles set a franchise record for most completions in a game with 36 and threw a career-high 62 times in a close loss to the Arizona Cardinals, finishing with 411 passing yards and 2 TDs. The following week in a game against the Houston Texans, Foles left the game during the first half with a broken collarbone, which led to Foles being put on injured reserve, ending his 2014 season. Mark Sanchez would finish out the season as the Eagles starting quarterback.[32]
After a league-best 27–2 TD-INT ratio in 2013, Foles finished the season with 2,163 yards in 8 games, and a 13–10 TD-INT ratio. He also fumbled 4 times, only recovering it once. Overall, all of his stats were narrowly beaten by Sanchez, including turnovers (14–11 TD–INT ratio). On the bright side, he was on pace to have over 4,000 yards passing and he led the team to a 6–2 record as starter, first place in the NFC East and second place in the NFC.
St. Louis Rams[edit]
Foles with the Rams in 2015
On March 10, 2015, the Eagles traded Foles, a 2015 fourth-round pick, and a 2016 second-round pick to the St. Louis Rams in exchange for Sam Bradford and a 2015 fifth-round pick.[33][34][35] Foles signed a two-year, $24.5 million extension with the Rams on August 7, 2015.[36] Foles's first game with the team came against the division rival Seattle Seahawks, who had the league's No. 1 defense in 2013 and 2014. Foles went 18 for 27 and passed for 297 yards in the game, and his lone passing touchdown came with 53 seconds left, bringing the game into overtime. He also ran for 11 yards and 1 touchdown, which put the Rams in the lead in the middle of the second quarter. In overtime, Foles threw a 22-yard pass to wide receiver Stedman Bailey, which set up the Rams' game-winning field goal over the defending NFC Champions.[37]
Following the dramatic win, Foles struggled against his former divisional rival, the Redskins. Although he didn't turn the ball over, he only completed 17 passes out of 32 for 150 yards and the Rams lone touchdown as they lost 24–10. Foles' accuracy improved the following week, going 19/28 for 197 yards, but he threw no touchdowns and his first interception as a Ram against the Steelers, and the Rams dropped to 1–2. Following the two losses, Foles bounced back, going 16–24 for 3 touchdowns and no turnovers to hand the 3–0 Arizona Cardinals their first loss of the season. After that game, Foles' problems with turnovers from 2014 started to show, as he completed 11 passes out of 30 for 141 yards, 1 touchdown, and a career-high 4 interceptions against the Green Bay Packers. On November 16 Foles was benched in favor of Case Keenum. He won his starting job back 2 weeks later after Keenum was out with a concussion, but his struggles worsened. In a loss against Cincinnati, he went 30/46 for 228 yards (his second highest total of the year) and 3 interceptions, and followed it up by going 15/35 for 146 yards and 1 interception. Foles was again benched after Keenum returned from his concussion.
Upset that the now-Los Angeles Rams drafted quarterback Jared Goff with the first overall pick of the 2016 NFL draft, Foles requested and was granted a release on July 27, 2016.[38]
Kansas City Chiefs[edit]
Foles signed with the Kansas City Chiefs on August 3, 2016. It was a one-year deal worth $1.75 million and includes a second year option for 2017, worth between $6.75 million and $16 million depending on his performance during the Chiefs 2016 season.[39] In Week 8 at Indianapolis after Alex Smith left the game with a concussion, Foles took over for the remainder of the game, and finished 16/22 completions with 223 yards and two touchdowns.[40] The Chiefs announced that Foles would start in Week 9 against the Jacksonville Jaguars as Smith was still recovering from injury.[41] Foles won the game over Jacksonville, 19–14, and finished 20/33 with 187 yards and a touchdown.[42] The next day, Smith was announced to start Week 10.[43]
On March 9, 2017, the Chiefs declined a second-year option on his contract, making him a free agent.[44]
Philadelphia Eagles (second stint)[edit]
On March 13, 2017, Foles signed a two-year contract to return to the Philadelphia Eagles to back up 2016 first-round pick Carson Wentz.[45][46]
Career statistics[edit]
Season
Team
Games
Passing
Rushing
Fumbles
GP
GS
Cmp
Att
Pct
Yds
Y/A
TD
Int
Rtg
Att
Yds
Avg
TD
FUM
Lost
2012 Philadelphia Eagles 7 6 161 265 60.8 1,699 6.4 6 5 79.1 11 42 3.8 1 8 3
2013 Philadelphia Eagles 13 10 203 317 64.0 2,891 9.1† 27 2 119.2† 57 221 3.9 3 4 2
2014 Philadelphia Eagles 8 8 186 311 59.8 2,163 7.0 13 10 81.4 16 68 4.3 0 4 3
2015 St. Louis Rams 11 11 190 337 56.4 2,052 6.1 7 10 69.0 17 20 1.2 1 5 2
2016 Kansas City Chiefs 3 1 36 55 65.5 410 7.5 3 0 105.9 4 -4 -1 0 0 0
Total
42
36
776
1,285
60.4
9,215
7.2
56
27
88.1
102
350
3.4
5
21
10
^† League leader
Career awards and highlights[edit]
Pro Bowl selection (2013)
Pro Bowl Offensive MVP (2013)[28]
NFL Passer rating leader (2013)[47]
Personal life[edit]
Foles is a Christian. Foles reads the Bible every day and has spoken about his faith saying, "I'm a Christian and I believe in God... and when you do great, you stay humble and you give Him glory."[48][49] He married wife Tori (Née Moore), who is the younger sister of former NFL tight end Evan Moore.[50]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Bowen, Les (2012-11-15). "Eagles rookie Nick Foles' father says his son is ready for start". Philadelphia Daily News. Retrieved 12 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "Foles finally meets Brees on the field". ESPN. January 2, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Drew Brees vs. Nick Foles: A duel spawned by Westlake High". nfl.com. January 2, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Nick Foles Profile". Retrieved 24 October 2012.
Jump up ^ Wulf, Bo. "Reid Assesses QB Picture". PhiladelphiaEagles.com. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "QB Nick Foles". PhiladelphiaEagles.com. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
Jump up ^ "Nick Foles". Retrieved 23 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Statistics - Individual (Total Offense)". ncaa.com. Retrieved November 27, 2011.
Jump up ^ "NCAA Division I-A Player Passing Statistics - 2011 (Passing Yards Leaders - All Players)". ESPN.com. Retrieved November 27, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Ryan Lindley". sports-reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ Warren, Micah. "Eskin says Eagles likely switching to Nick Foles". Off the Record (OTR). Retrieved 29 October 2012.
Jump up ^ Sessler, Nick. (2012-10-29) Andy Reid not ready to bench Michael Vick in Philly NFL.com. Retrieved 2012-10-31.
Jump up ^ Associated Press. "Cowboys capitalize on turnovers as Eagles lose Michael Vick". ESPN. Retrieved November 11, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Eagles QB Vick out; Foles to start at Washington". Yahoo! Sports. 2012-11-16. Retrieved 2012-11-16.
Jump up ^ "Philadelphia Eagles vs Washington Redskins boxscore". ESPN.com. November 18, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Nick Foles to start for rest of '12". ESPN.com. December 3, 2012. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
Jump up ^ Associated Press. "Nick Foles' TD pass with no time left snaps Eagles' skid". ESPN.com. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ Associated Press (2012-12-24). "Eagles: Foles breaks hand, Vick likely to start". Yahoo! Sports. Retrieved 2012-12-24.
Jump up ^ Associated Press (2012-12-26). "Eagles place Foles on IR, Sign DT Dixon". Yahoo! Sports. Retrieved 2012-12-26.
Jump up ^ The Associated Press (September 30, 2013). "Peyton Manning tosses four TD passes in Denver Broncos' rout of Eagles". The Associated Press. NFL.com. Retrieved November 11, 2013.
Jump up ^ Wesseling, Chris (November 3, 2013). "Nick Foles ties NFL record with 7 TD passes; Eagles win". NFL.com. NFL Enterprises. Retrieved November 4, 2013.
Jump up ^ Patrick Gilligan (November 10, 2013). "Philadelphia Eagles Vs. Green Bay Packers Results". Patrick Gilligan. The Football Database. Retrieved November 11, 2013.
Jump up ^ Smith, Alex. "Foles Proud To Help Deliver Home Win". Philadelphia Eagles Official Website. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
Jump up ^ "Philadelphia Eagles top Washington Redskins, snap 10-game home losing skid". The Associated Press. NFL.com. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
Jump up ^ Patra, Kevin. "Michael Vick: Nick Foles should be Eagles' starting QB". NFL.com. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "Foles leads Eagles to narrow defeat of Cardinals". The Associated Press. NFL.com. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "For Foles, Dallas Now Behind Him - Philadelphia Magazine". 30 December 2013. Retrieved 23 March 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "GMC Heads to the 2014 Pro Bowl and Super Bowl XLVIII". Retrieved 1 February 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Jaguars vs. Eagles - Game Summary - September 7, 2014 - ESPN". Retrieved 23 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Gowton, Brandon Lee (September 22, 2014). "Eagles-Redskins: NFL Rulebook explains why Chris Baker's hit on Nick Foles was illegal". Yahoo. Retrieved 2014-09-22.
Jump up ^ Florio, Mike (September 21, 2014). "No suspension for Baker or Peters, but a "ton of fines" coming". ProFootballTalk. Retrieved 2014-09-21.
Jump up ^ Paige, Marissa (November 4, 2014). "Nick Foles reportedly won’t need surgery, but some doubt his future with the Eagles anyway". Retrieved November 5, 2014.
Jump up ^ Sessler, Marc. "Rams trading Sam Bradford to Eagles for Nick Foles". NFL.com. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
Jump up ^ Simmons, Myles (March 10, 2015). "Rams Acquire Nick Foles". StLouisRams.com.
Jump up ^ Florio, Mike. "Eagles give up 2016 second-rounder for Bradford, too". Pro Football Talk. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
Jump up ^ Wesseling, Chris (August 7, 2015). "Nick Foles, St. Louis Rams strike two-year extension". NFL.com. Retrieved 2015-08-07.
Jump up ^ Wagoner, Nick (September 13, 2015). "Led by Nick Foles, resilient Rams fight their way to victory". ESPN.go.com. Retrieved 2015-09-13.
Jump up ^ Patra, Kevin (July 27, 2016). "Rams cut quarterback Nick Foles after release request". NFL.com. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ Wesseling, Chris (August 4, 2016). "Chiefs agree to terms with former Rams QB Nick Foles". NFL.com. Retrieved August 4, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Watch Kansas City Chiefs vs. Indianapolis Colts [10/30/2016] - NFL.com". Retrieved 23 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Chiefs to start QB Foles; RB Charles has surgery". Retrieved 23 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Watch Jacksonville Jaguars vs. Kansas City Chiefs [11/06/2016] - NFL.com". Retrieved 23 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Chiefs say Smith will start, eye Houston's return". Retrieved 23 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Gantt, Darin (March 9, 2017). "Chiefs officially decline Nick Foles option, making him a free agent". ProFootballTalk.NBCSports.com.
Jump up ^ McPherson, Chris (March 13, 2017). "QB Nick Foles Returns To Eagles". PhiladelphiaEagles.com.
Jump up ^ Orr, Conor (March 13, 2017). "Nick Foles returning to Eagles on two-year deal". NFL.com.
Jump up ^ "NFL Player Passing Statistics - 2013". ESPN.com.
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Jump up ^ "Press Conference: Nick Foles".
Jump up ^ "Eagles QB Nick Foles marries longtime girlfriend, Tori Moore". NJ.com. Retrieved 2017-05-17.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nick Foles.
Career statistics and player information from NFL.com • ESPN • Yahoo! Sports • SI.com • Pro-Football-Reference • Rotoworld
Philadelphia Eagles bio at the Wayback Machine (archived 2012-05-02)
St. Louis Rams bio at the Wayback Machine (archived 2015-03-13)
[show]
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Arizona Wildcats starting quarterbacks
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Phil Albert (1965)
Mark Reed (1966)
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Bill Demory (1971–1972)
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Marc Lunsford (1976–1977)
Jim Krohn (1978–1979)
Tom Tunnicliffe (1980–1983)
Alfred Jenkins (1984–1986)
Ron Veal (1987–1989)
George Malauulu (1990–1992)
Dan White (1993–1995)
Keith Smith (1996, 1998–1999)
Ortege Jenkins (1997, 2000)
Jason Johnson (2001–2002)
Kris Heavner (2003)
Richard Kovalcheck (2004–2005)
Willie Tuitama (2006–2008)
Nick Foles (2009–2011)
Matt Scott (2009–2010, 2012)
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Philadelphia Eagles starting quarterbacks
Red Kirkman (1933–1935)
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Jess Dow (1938–1939)
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King Hill (1962–1966, 1968)
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Roman Gabriel (1973–1976)
Mike Boryla (1974–1976)
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Joe Pisarcik (1984)
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Scott Tinsley (1987)
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Doug Pederson (1999)
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A. J. Feeley (2002, 2007)
Mike McMahon (2005)
Jeff Garcia (2006)
Kevin Kolb (2009–2010)
Michael Vick (2010–2013)
Vince Young (2011)
Nick Foles (2012–2014)
Mark Sanchez (2014–2015)
Sam Bradford (2015)
Carson Wentz (2016–present)
[show]
v
t
e
Cleveland / St. Louis / Los Angeles Rams starting quarterbacks
Bob Snyder (1937)
Parker Hall (1939–1942)
Jack Jacobs (1942)
Albie Reisz (1944)
Bob Waterfield (1945–1952)
Jim Hardy (1948)
Norm Van Brocklin (1950–1957)
Bill Wade (1954, 1956, 1958–1960)
Frank Ryan (1959–1961)
Buddy Humphrey (1960)
Zeke Bratkowski (1961–1963)
Roman Gabriel (1962–1972)
Ron Miller (1962)
Terry Baker (1963)
Bill Munson (1964–1965)
Pete Beathard (1972)
John Hadl (1973–1974)
James Harris (1974–1976)
Ron Jaworski (1975–1976)
Pat Haden (1976–1981)
Joe Namath (1977)
Vince Ferragamo (1979–1980, 1982–1984)
Jeff Rutledge (1979)
Dan Pastorini (1981)
Bert Jones (1982)
Jeff Kemp (1984–1985)
Dieter Brock (1985)
Steve Bartkowski (1986)
Steve Dils (1986–1987)
Jim Everett (1986–1993)
T. J. Rubley (1993)
Chris Miller (1994–1995)
Chris Chandler (1994, 2004)
Mark Rypien (1995)
Tony Banks (1996–1998)
Steve Walsh (1996)
Steve Bono (1998)
Kurt Warner (1999–2003)
Trent Green (2000, 2008)
Marc Bulger (2002–2009)
Jamie Martin (2002, 2005)
Scott Covington (2002)
Ryan Fitzpatrick (2005)
Gus Frerotte (2007)
Brock Berlin (2007)
Kyle Boller (2009)
Keith Null (2009)
Sam Bradford (2010–2013)
A. J. Feeley (2011)
Kellen Clemens (2011, 2013)
Shaun Hill (2014)
Austin Davis (2014)
Nick Foles (2015)
Case Keenum (2015–2016)
Jared Goff (2016–present)
[show]
v
t
e
Dallas Texans / Kansas City Chiefs starting quarterbacks
Cotton Davidson (1960–1961)
Hunter Enis (1960)
Randy Duncan (1961)
Len Dawson (1962–1975)
Eddie Wilson (1963)
Pete Beathard (1965)
Jacky Lee (1968–1969)
Mike Livingston (1969–1979)
Tony Adams (1975, 1977–1978)
Steve Fuller (1979–1982)
Bill Kenney (1980–1988)
Todd Blackledge (1984–1987)
Matt Stevens (1987)
Frank Seurer (1987)
Doug Hudson (1987)
Steve DeBerg (1988–1991)
Ron Jaworski (1989)
Steve Pelluer (1989)
Mark Vlasic (1991)
Dave Krieg (1992–1993)
Joe Montana (1993–1994)
Steve Bono (1994–1996)
Rich Gannon (1996–1998)
Elvis Grbac (1997–2000)
Warren Moon (2000)
Trent Green (2001–2006)
Damon Huard (2006–2008)
Brodie Croyle (2007–2010)
Tyler Thigpen (2008)
Matt Cassel (2009–2012)
Tyler Palko (2011)
Kyle Orton (2011)
Brady Quinn (2012)
Alex Smith (2013–present)
Chase Daniel (2013–2014)
Nick Foles (2016)
[show]
v
t
e
NFL quarterbacks with a perfect passer rating game
Ray Mallouf
Sammy Baugh
Len Dawson
Y. A. Tittle
Frank Ryan
Sonny Jurgensen
Joe Namath
Johnny Unitas
Don Meredith
Craig Morton (2)
Fran Tarkenton
Daryle Lamonica
Dick Shiner
Bob Lee
James Harris
Ken Anderson
Jim Hart
Dan Fouts
Scott Hunter
Terry Bradshaw
Steve Grogan
Brian Sipe
Bob Griese
Vince Evans
Dave Krieg (2)
Steve Bartkowski
Ken O'Brien (2)
Steve Young
Joe Montana
Rich Gannon
Bobby Hebert
Mick Buck
Drew Bledsoe
Craig Erickson
Chris Chandler
Jeff Blake
Kurt Warner (3)
Peyton Manning (4)
Doug Flutie
Kerry Collins
Chad Pennington
Trent Green
Ben Roethlisberger (3)
Donovan McNabb
Tom Brady (2)
Eli Manning
Drew Brees
Robert Griffin III
Nick Foles
Alex Smith
Geno Smith
Marcus Mariota
Ryan Tannehill
Kirk Cousins
Names in bold are still active
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nick_Foles&oldid=797776167"
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