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Drucilla Winters
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Drucilla Winters
Victoria Rowell as Drucilla Winters
The Young and the Restless character
Portrayed by
Victoria Rowell (1990–2007)
Dawn McMillan (1996)
Kent Masters King (2000)
Duration
1990–2000
2002–07
First appearance
May 7, 1990
Last appearance
April 6, 2007
Created by
William J. Bell
Introduced by
Edward J. Scott (1990)
David Shaughnessy (2002)
Classification
Former, regular
Profile
Other names
Drucilla Barber
Occupation
Cosmetics spokeswoman
Businesswoman
Fashion model
Ballerina
Photographer's assistant
showFamily
Family
Barber
Father
Walter Barber
Mother
Lillie Belle Barber
Sisters
Olivia Winters
Husband
Neil Winters (1993–98, 2003–07)
Daughters
Lily Winters
Adoptive sons
Devon Hamilton
Grandsons
Charlie Ashby
Granddaughters
Mattie Ashby
Uncles
Wesley Barber
Aunts
Mamie Johnson
Nephews
Nathan Hastings, Jr.
First cousins
Justin Barber
Drucilla Winters is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless. Created by William J. Bell as an effort to add more African American characters to the cast, the role was portrayed by Victoria Rowell. Rowell left the role in 2000 to pursue other projects and Alexia Robinson was introduced as Alex Perez, a replacement character, shortly after. Rowell later returned in August 2002.
In 2007, Rowell became unhappy with the soap opera behind the scenes, labeling daytime television and The Young and the Restless as racist for not having enough African American cast and crew.[1][2] She also argued the directions of her storylines which weren't heard, prompting her to leave. Within the storyline, Drucilla fell off a cliff and was presumed dead as her body was never found. Rowell has openly expressed pleasure and willingness to return,[3][4] and as a result of the character's strong appeal and popularity, viewers have campaigned for the series to rehire her. However, CBS has stated that having Drucilla return is not the creative decision they are looking for, which has disappointed fans of the actress.[5] In 2015, Rowell filed a lawsuit against the soap opera and Sony Pictures Entertainment for retaliation, claiming that she had been blacklisted by the network for speaking out against what she believed was racial discrimination during her time portraying Drucilla.
The character is a ballerina-turned-model, with a forward personality and feisty persona. Her storyline revolves around her relationship with Neil Winters (Kristoff St. John), sleeping with Neil's brother, Malcolm (Shemar Moore), which resulted in the birth of a daughter, Lily (Christel Khalil), and on-again/off-again relationship with her sister, Olivia (Tonya Lee Williams). Drucilla's rivalries with Ashley Abbott (Eileen Davidson) and Phyllis Summers (Michelle Stafford) (the latter often providing the series' comic relief), and friendships with Brad Carlton (Don Diamont) and Sharon Newman (Sharon Case) have also proved popular as plot points.
Contents
1 Casting
2 Storylines
2.1 Backstory
2.2 1990–2000
2.3 2002–07
3 References
4 External links
Casting[edit]
Victoria Rowell originated the role in May 1990. Dawn McMillan filled in for Rowell while she was on maternity leave in 1996, as well as Kent Masters King assuming the role for several episodes in 2000.[6][7][8] In 2000, Rowell chose to exit the soap opera in order to star in a Showtime miniseries.[9] She returned to the role in August 2002, after a two-year absence.
Drucilla's exit in 2007 was not without controversy. She was unhappy about her character, and voiced her opinion about it. Ultimately, Rowell opted to be let out of her regular contract.[10] Months after Drucilla's death, Rowell had an interview with Black Press Magazine. She explained her reasonings for leaving: "We have the most popular daytime show and the number one show for African Americans, hands down. Yet, there are no black writers, there are no black producers, there are no black directors. There are no Black make up artists. There are no Black hairstylists."[1][11] Rowell went on to say that to get any attention or recognition, she had to write her own script for it to be comfortable with her.[1] She had pointed out signs of racism, as she was a top actress for her work on The Young and the Restless yet had failed to secure many Daytime Emmy Nominations, and never won once.[1] Rowell even expressed her displeasure with the situation on social networking site Twitter, too.[11] In an interview with Soap Opera Digest prior to her final airdate, Rowell stated:[12]
“ I rewrote every single script I got. I've had to and the writers have always been receptive to that. It all started with Bill Bell giving me permission to tweak script after script and I've been able to do that for 14 years. ”
In the same interview, she had revealed that accomplished and central actors on the soap opera such as Eric Braeden, who portrays Victor Newman, had asked her to stay.[12] Rowell said that she tweaked her script to give Dru a voice, but explained that "everything happens for a reason and where I couldn't exercise that particular artistic expression with Y&R."[12] Since her departure, speculation has arisen multiple times that Rowell would return at some point, but this has never materialized.[13][14]
In February 2015, Rowell sued The Young and the Restless and Sony Pictures Entertainment for retaliation, alleging that she was blacklisted by the network and production company due to her speaking out against lack of diversity on and behind the cameras at the soap opera. Rowell also alleged in her suit that she faced years of racial discrimination during her time on the series, and was denied writing and directing opportunities which have been granted to Caucasian actors.[15][16]
Storylines[edit]
Backstory[edit]
Drucilla Delores "Dru" Barber runs away from home as a teenager, due to her problematic relationship with her mother, Lillie Belle (Norma Donaldson), and goes to stay with her aunt Mamie Johnson (Veronica Redd) who is a housekeeper for Jabot Cosmetics founder John Abbott, Sr. In doing so, she sacrifices her opportunity for a promising career as a ballerina.
1990–2000[edit]
Dru is illiterate, but is taught to read by private detective Nathan Hastings (who was once also illiterate). Nathan later marries and fathers a child by Dru's successful physician sister Olivia. Drucilla and Olivia originally have a relationship fraught with tension and anger, due to mother Lillie Belle's favoritism of Olivia over Drucilla, but the two eventually reconcile in a very emotional manner and have more or less been best friends ever since.
Dru eventually marries Neil Winters, but only after many trials and mistakes. One such misstep, is posing nude for Sensuality magazine, though Jill Abbott (Jess Walton) discovers and destroys the film. Over time, Dru eventually evolves into a glamorous model. In June 1993, after marrying Neil, Drucilla finally receives closure by telling off her mother for wanting to abort her and not showing love for her as a child. Dru becomes close with Neil's brother Malcolm Winters, who develops a crush on her. While she is under the influence of cold medication, the two engage in sex. When she ends up pregnant they decide not to uncover the child's paternity and keep their affair a secret. Dru gives birth to her daughter, Lily, in 1995. Dru's marriage to Neil ultimately collapses because her desire for a career clashes with his desire for a wife who stayed home. Dru develops very close friendships with people in town, including Brad Carlton (Don Diamont), Sharon Newman (Sharon Case), Victor Newman (Eric Braeden), and Jack and Ashley Abbott (Peter Bergman and Eileen Davidson). She develops an adversarial relationship with Phyllis Romalotti (Michelle Stafford), which only intensifies as the years go on. Dru and Lily move to Europe where Dru continues her modeling career.
2002–07[edit]
Dru and Lily return to Genoa City for brief visits until 2002 when they come back to stay. Dru comes back hoping for help in reining in their now 14-year-old daughter Lily (Christel Khalil). Instead, it is Lily and Dru who end up helping Neil deal with his drinking problem. Neil and Dru fall back in love and remarry in Japan in 2003. Dru and Neil became swamped with work, leaving Lily with a lot of time to get into trouble. Although Lily ran into the arms of Kevin Fisher, who ended up using her, Neil and Dru were able to work together and save their daughter from losing more than her virginity. Dru went on to help out troubled teen Devon Hamilton, and convinced Neil to become Devon's foster parents.
Miraculously, Neil's brother Malcolm returned from the dead after surviving the car accident, which everyone thought had been his demise. After much protest from Dru, Malcolm demanded a paternity test on Lily, which proved her to be Malcolm's biological daughter. Again, they agreed to keep the secret from Neil. To make matters worse, Lily ran off and married Daniel Romalotti (Michael Graziadei).
In 2006, Neil and Lily (Davetta Sherwood) learn the truth about her paternity. Neil wonders if he will ever be able to forgive Dru for her betrayal, and begins a flirtation with Carmen Mesta (Marisa Ramirez). Dru shows up at an important Newman function, gets drunk and slanders Carmen Mesta in front of everyone. She later lies her way into Carmen's hotel room and ruins many of Carmen Mesta's expensive clothes. Drucilla attacks Carmen in the office at Newman Enterprises. The entire attack is caught on a video tape found by Phyllis, who gives a copy to Carmen. After Carmen gives copies of the tape to the district attorney and her former lover David Chow (Vincent Irizarry), Victoria Newman (Amelia Heinle) is forced to fire Drucilla. Dru is arrested, and though Neil is very much attracted to Carmen, he ends their relationship to stand by his wife. Dru ends up receiving probation for her crimes, and court ordered therapy.
Dru's attention shifts to focus on Indigo, a night club she and Neil are opening. The night it opens, Carmen is murdered and her body is discovered behind the club. Dru's adopted son Devon Hamilton (Bryton James) is arrested for the crime, and Drucilla believes her sanity is crumbling as she begins to see Carmen around town. Drucilla is convinced that Carmen is still alive, and after accidentally injuring her daughter, Neil has her voluntarily committed to a mental hospital. After Devon is cleared of all charges, it is revealed that Carmen's former lover David and her look alike cousin Ines are responsible for the hauntings that sent Dru over the edge and Crimson Lights worker Jana Hawkes (Emily O'Brien) is responsible for Carmen's death. Things are looking up for the family, as Neil receives a promotion to the board of directors at Newman Enterprises, Dru regains her job, and Lily and Devon receive high marks in their college courses.
After Sharon asks Dru to be her maid of honor at her upcoming wedding to Jack, Dru accompanies her and their mutual enemy Phyllis to a cliff side photo shoot for NVP. When Phyllis threatens to use her cell phone to reveal Sharon's affair with Brad to their friends and family, Dru reaches for Phyllis' cell phone, and a brief struggle with Phyllis causes both Dru and Sharon to fall off the cliff; immediately sending Dru into the shallow waters below. Sharon hangs on to Phyllis as she, Lily and Daniel try to pull her up, but Sharon lets go and she too falls off the cliff. An injured Sharon is later found, but search and rescue teams only find the remains of Dru's jacket. Her body is never recovered, and she is presumed dead.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Victoria Rowell: Why I left the Young and the Restless". Black Press Magazine. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
Jump up ^ "About Y&R: About the Actors - Victoria Rowell". Retrieved 3 June 2012.
Jump up ^ "Victoria Rowell Not Ruling Out Return to The Young and the Restless". Retrieved 3 June 2012.
Jump up ^ "Victoria Rowell claims three actors are preventing her return to Y&R". Retrieved 3 June 2012.
Jump up ^ http://daytimeconfidential.zap2it.com/2012/10/24/ex-young-and-restless-diva-victoria-rowell-says-les-moonves-and-steve-kent-dont-want-dru-
Jump up ^ "Soap Bubbles: The Scoops on Soaps". Roman News-Tribune. 8 February 1996. Retrieved 27 January 2012.
Jump up ^ Connie Passalacqua (29 January 1996). "The Soaps / Fantasy Becomes Reality For a `Bold' Star-Singer". Newsday. p. 20. Missing or empty |url= (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ "Kent Masters King (Biography)". buddytv.com. Retrieved 27 January 2012.
Jump up ^ Lynda Hirsch (9 September 2000). "ROWELL EXITS Y&R FOR SHOWTIME MINISERIES". Sun Sentinel. p. 4. Retrieved 27 January 2012.
Jump up ^ J Kroll, Dan (2 February 2007). "Victoria Rowell asks to be released from Y&R". Soap Opera Central. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Ne-Yo Is 'No Homo' + Victoria Rowell Calls Out 'The Young And The Restless'". theybf.com. Retrieved 27 January 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c Devin Owens (25 February 2007). "Where For Art Rowell?". Soap Opera Digest. (Source Interlink). Retrieved 27 January 2012.
Jump up ^ Kris De Leon (5 March 2008). "The Young and the Restless: Drucilla Winters Might Return to Genoa City". Buddy Tv. buddytv.com. Retrieved 27 January 2012.
Jump up ^ "Y&R Casting Call: Has Simone morphed into Dru?". Michael Fairman. 29 March 2010. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
Jump up ^ Adams, Alina (February 14, 2015). "Does Victoria Rowell have a case against 'The Young and the Restless'?". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc.
Jump up ^ Rex Brown, Stephen (February 11, 2015). "Ex 'Young and the Restless' star Victoria Rowell sues soap opera for racism". New York Daily News. Retrieved May 19, 2015.
External links[edit]
Victoria Rowell's Official Site
Drucilla Barber Winters at soapcentral.com
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Heather Stevens
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text:
God helps those who help themselves
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The phrase "God helps those who help themselves" is a popular motto that emphasizes the importance of self-initiative and agency. The expression is still famous around the globe and used to inspire people for self help, here is one example sentence in English: "You better start preparing for the test because God helps those who help themselves."[1]
The phrase originated in ancient Greece and may originally have been proverbial. It is illustrated by two of Aesop's Fables and a similar sentiment is found in ancient Greek drama. Although it has been commonly attributed to Benjamin Franklin, the modern English wording appears earlier in Algernon Sidney's work.
The phrase is often mistaken as a scriptural quote, though it is not stated verbatim in the Bible.
Some Christians[2] have criticized the expression as being contrary to the Bible's message of God's grace. A variant of the phrase can also be found in the Quran (13:11).[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Origin
1.1 Islamic texts
1.2 Other historic uses
2 Prevalence and assessment
3 In popular culture
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Origin[edit]
An illustration of the fable by Walter Crane in Baby’s Own Aesop (1887)
The sentiment appears in ancient Greek tragedies of which only fragments now remain. In his Philoctetes (c.409 BC), Sophocles wrote, "No good e'er comes of leisure purposeless; And heaven ne’er helps the men who will not act."[4] And in the Hippolytus (428BC) of Euripides appears the speech, "Try first thyself, and after call in God; For to the worker God himself lends aid."[5][dubious – discuss]
A similar version of this saying "God himself helps those who dare" better translated as "divinity helps those who dare" "audentes deus ipse iuuat" comes from Ovid, Metamorphoses, 10.586. The phrase is spoken by Hippomenes when contemplating whether to enter a foot race against Atalanta for her hand in marriage. If Hippomenes were to lose, however, he would be killed. Hippomenes decides to challenge Atalanta to a race and, with the aid of Venus, Hippomense was able to win the race.[6]
The same concept is found in the fable of Hercules and the Wagoner, first recorded by Babrius in the 1st century AD. In it, a wagon falls into a ravine, or in later versions becomes mired, but when its driver appeals to Hercules for help, he is told to get to work himself.[7] Aesop is also credited with a similar fable about a man who calls on the goddess Athena for help when his ship is wrecked and is advised to try swimming first.[8] It has been conjectured that both stories were created to illustrate an already existing proverb.[9]
The French author Jean de La Fontaine also adapted the first of these fables as Le chartier embourbé (Fables VI.18) and draws the moral Aide-toi, le ciel t'aidera. (Help yourself and Heaven will help you too).[10] A little earlier, George Herbert had included "Help thyself, and God will help thee" in his proverb collection, Jacula Prudentum (1651).[11] But it was the English political theorist Algernon Sidney who originated the now familiar wording, "God helps those who help themselves",[12] apparently the first exact rendering of the phrase. Benjamin Franklin later used it in his Poor Richard's Almanack (1736) and has been widely quoted.[13]
Islamic texts[edit]
A passage with similar sentiments can be found in the Quran,
Indeed Allah will not change the conditions of a population until they change what is in themselves. [14] Qur'an 13:11
It has a different meaning in that it implies that helping oneself is a prerequisite for expecting the help of God.
Trust in God But Tie Your Camel is an Arab proverb with a similar meaning. It is also one of the reported sayings of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. According to Tirmidhi, one day Mohammed noticed a Bedouin leaving his camel without tying it. He asked the Bedouin, "Why don't you tie down your camel?" The Bedouin answered, "I placed my trust in Allah." At that, Mohammed said, "Tie your camel and place your trust in Allah."[15]
Other historic uses[edit]
The French society Aide-toi, le ciel t'aidera (Help yourself and Heaven will help you too) played an important role in bringing about the July Revolution of 1830 in France.[16]
The Canadian society Aide-toi, le Ciel t’aidera is credited with introducing the celebration of Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day for French Canadians, and was founded by Louis-Victor Sicotte.
Aide-toi et Dieu t'aidera (Help yourself, and God will help you) was the motto on the ship's wheel of the famous UK-built Confederate sea raider CSS Alabama, captained by Raphael Semmes during the American Civil War.
Prevalence and assessment[edit]
The phrase is often quoted to emphasize the importance of taking initiative.[citation needed] There is also a relationship to the Parable of the Faithful Servant, and the Parable of the Ten Virgins, which has a similar eschatological theme: be prepared for the day of reckoning.
The argument has been made that this is a non-Biblical concept despite scriptural authorities including those cited above.
The Concept as Biblical (disputed):
All statements in this article as to the Biblical vs. non-Biblical nature of this proposition should be considered both in light of these scriptural authorities and potential for bias in counter-argument (See below, i.e. O'Reilly v. Colbert, Barna's claims re: Americans' "unfamiliarity with the Bible" given that these scriptures clearly suggest an ethic of self-reliance).
Colossians 3:23 - Whatever you do, work at it with all your heart, as working for the Lord, not for men.
Deuteronomy 28:8 - The LORD will send a blessing on your barns and on everything you put your hand to.
Proverbs 6:10-12 - A little sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of the hands to rest—and poverty will come on you like a bandit and scarcity like an armed man.
Proverbs 12:11 - He who works his land will have abundant food, but he who chases fantasies lacks judgment.
Proverbs 12:24 - Diligent hands will rule, but laziness ends in slave labor.
Proverbs 13:4 - The sluggard craves and gets nothing, but the desires of the diligent are fully satisfied.
Matthew 5:3-4 - God blesses those who realize their need for him; and who mourn will be comforted.
I Timothy 5:8 - If anyone does not provide for his relatives, and especially for his immediate family, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.
NOTE: Reliance upon God is not mentioned, but may or may not be implied.
The Concept as Non-Biblical (disputed):
The beliefs of Americans regarding this phrase and the Bible has been studied by Christian demographer and pollster George Barna of The Barna Group. To the statement "The Bible teaches that God helps those who help themselves"; 53% of Americans agree strongly, 22% agree somewhat, 7% disagree somewhat, 14% disagree strongly, and 5% stated they don't know. Of "born-again" Christians 68% agreed, and 81% of non "born-again" Christians agreed with the statement.[17] In a February 2000 poll, 53% strongly agreed and 22% agreed somewhat that the Bible teaches the phrase. Of the 14 questions asked, this was the least biblical response, according to Barna.[18] A poll in the late 1990s showed the majority (81%) believe the concept is taught by the Bible,[19] another stating 82%.[20]
Despite being of non-Biblical origin, the phrase topped a poll of the most widely known Bible verses.[21][22] Seventy-five percent of American teenagers said they believed that it was the central message of the Bible.[23]
Barna critiques this as evidence of Americans' unfamiliarity with the Bible and believes that the statement actually conflicts with the doctrine of Grace in Christianity. It "suggests a spiritual self-reliance inconsistent with Christianity" according to David Kinnaman, vice president of the Barna Research Group.[24] Christian minister Erwin Lutzer argues there is some support for this saying in the Bible (2 Thessalonians 3:10, James 4:8), however much more often God helps those who cannot help themselves, which is what grace is about (the parable of the Pharisee and the Publican, Ephesians 2:4–5, Romans 4:4–5).[25] The statement is often criticised as espousing Semi-Pelagian model of salvation, which most Christians denounce as heresy.[26][27]
The bottom line then is there is debated Biblical support for the modified expression: God helps those who helps themselves to the extent that their motive aligns with His divine Will. Otherwise, it's just a person helping themselves, without a reference of whether a god sanctions it or not as being His Will.
In popular culture[edit]
The phrase has featured in United States popular culture. In a "Jaywalking" sketch on The Tonight Show, comedian host Jay Leno asked random people on the street to name one of the Ten Commandments. The most popular response given was "God helps those who help themselves."[28] Political commentator Bill O'Reilly employed the phrase, in responding to Jim McDermott who argued, "This is Christmas time. We talk about Good Samaritans, the poor, the little baby Jesus in the cradle and all this stuff. And then we say to the unemployed we won't give you a check to feed your family. That's simply wrong." O'Reilly argued for a more selective approach to unemployment benefits, and the importance of individual responsibility, concluding "while Jesus promoted charity at the highest level, he was not self-destructive. The Lord helps those who help themselves. Does he not?"[29] Political comedian Stephen Colbert parodied him in response, concluding in character, "if this is going to be a Christian nation that doesn't help the poor, either we've got to pretend that Jesus was just as selfish as we are, or we've got to acknowledge that he commanded us to love the poor and serve the needy without condition; and then admit that we just don't want to do it."[30] The phrase is also discussed in the 2007 video game Assassin's Creed. In one pickpocket mission, two civilians discuss the wrongful attribution of the phrase to the Bible and ultimately decide that its origin is unimportant. This phrase is also mentioned in the 2016 anime "91 Days".
See also[edit]
Opium of the people
Trust in God and keep your powder dry
References[edit]
Jump up ^ God helps those who help themselves. TheIdioms.com - Online Idioms Dictionary
Jump up ^ "God helps those who help themselves - is it in the Bible?". Retrieved 9 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "Quran - Surat Ar-Ra`d. Sahih translation". Retrieved 9 April 2015.
Jump up ^ As translated by E. H. Plumptre in Sophocles: Tragedies and Fragments volume 2, p165, fragment 288. Also fragment 302 states, "Chance never helps the men who do not work."
Jump up ^ Fragment 435, from Bartlett 1955(?)
Jump up ^ "ATALANTA". Perseus Digital Library. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
Jump up ^ For other versions see the Aesopica site
Jump up ^ ""The Shipwrecked Man and Athena", Gibbs translation". Retrieved 9 May 2015.
Jump up ^ Francisco Rodríguez Adrados, History of the Graeco-latin Fable vol.3, p.43
Jump up ^ See Elizur Wright's translation online
Jump up ^ George Herbert, Jacula Prudentum, 1651, proverb 533
Jump up ^ Algernon Sidney, Discourses Concerning Government, 1698, chapter 2 section 23 (reprint)
Jump up ^ Wikiquote
Jump up ^ https://quran.com/13:11
Jump up ^ "as recorded at muxlim.com". Mohamed 2.0: Disruption Manifesto. Archived from the original on 8 October 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
Jump up ^ Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Aide-toi et le ciel t'aidera". New International Encyclopedia. 1 (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
Jump up ^ George Barna and Mark Hatch, Boiling Point: How Coming Cultural Shifts will Change Your Life. Regal Books, 2001, p90. From a survey taken somewhere between 1997 and 2000 (see p205, point 2)
Jump up ^ "Americans' Bible Knowledge is in the Ballpark, But Often Off Base", Barna Research Online, 12 July 2000. As cited in Marvin Hunt, "Americans' Bible Knowledge... Off Base"
Jump up ^ Barna poll in 1997 and 1998, as cited on websites. Additionally, "Researcher Predicts Mounting Challenges to Christian Church", Barna Update 16 April 2001, describes it as a majority
Jump up ^ George Barna, The Second Coming of the Church, Nashville: Word, 1998, p21–22; as cited in Michael S. Horton, "Are Churches Secularizing America?"
Jump up ^ George Barna, Growing True Disciples: New Strategies for Producing Genuine Followers of Christ. The Doubleday Religious Publishing Group, 2001. As cited online
Jump up ^ Barna Research Online, "Discipleship Insights Revealed in New Book by George Barna," 28 November 2000. As cited in Michael J. Vlach, "Crisis in America’s Churches: Bible Knowledge at All-Time Low"
Jump up ^ Barna poll in 1997, according to one website; c.2006 according to another; and Barna, "The Bible," 2000, according to another
Jump up ^ Bill Broadway, article in Lexington Herald-Leader, 2 September 2000; as cited in ESC, "Re: "God helps those who help themselves."", "The Phrase Finder" website, 31 October 2002
Jump up ^ Erwin W. Lutzer, Ten Lies About God. Nashville, TN: Word, 2000. Chapter 10, "God Helps Those Who Help Themselves", p173–185
Jump up ^ Christian History Project. Darkness Descends : A.D. 350 to 565, the Fall of the Western Roman Empire.
Jump up ^ Roger Olson, The Mosaic of Christian Belief, Downer’s Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2002, Chap. 12
Jump up ^ Cited in Woodrow M. Kroll, Taking Back the Good Book: How America Forgot the Bible and Why It Matters to You, Crossway Books, 2007. Chapter "Five Decades of Decline", posted on Worldview Weekend
Jump up ^ Bill O'Reilly, "Shouldn't We Keep Christ in Unemployment?". The Washington Examiner, 12 December 2010
Jump up ^ "Jesus is a Liberal Democrat", The Colbert Report, 16 December 2010
External links[edit]
Look up god helps those who help themselves in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Hercules and the Wagoner
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