text:
Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Fantastic Beasts:
The Crimes of Grindelwald
Teaser poster
Directed by
David Yates
Produced by
David Heyman
J. K. Rowling
Steve Kloves
Lionel Wigram
Written by
J. K. Rowling
Starring
Eddie Redmayne
Katherine Waterston
Dan Fogler
Alison Sudol
Ezra Miller
Zoë Kravitz
Callum Turner
Claudia Kim
William Nadylam
Kevin Guthrie
Jude Law
Johnny Depp
Music by
James Newton Howard
Cinematography
Philippe Rousselot
Edited by
Mark Day
Production
company
Heyday Films
Distributed by
Warner Bros. Pictures
Release date
16 November 2018 (2018-11-16) (United Kingdom & United States)
Country
United Kingdom
United States
Language
English
Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald is an upcoming fantasy drama film produced by Heyday Films and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. A co-production of the United Kingdom and the United States, it is the sequel to Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2016). It is the second film installment in the Fantastic Beasts film series, and the tenth overall in the Wizarding World franchise, which began with the Harry Potter film series. The film is directed by David Yates, with a screenplay by J. K. Rowling, and features an ensemble cast that includes Eddie Redmayne, Katherine Waterston, Dan Fogler, Alison Sudol, Ezra Miller, Zoë Kravitz, Callum Turner, Claudia Kim, William Nadylam, Kevin Guthrie, Jude Law and Johnny Depp. The plot follows Newt Scamander and Albus Dumbledore as they attempt to take down the dark wizard Gellert Grindelwald, while facing new threats in a more divided wizarding world.
Principal photography for the film began at Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden in July 2017. Filming also took place in England, including London, Switzerland, and Paris. Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald is scheduled to be released in theaters, Real D 3D and IMAX 3D on 16 November 2018.
Contents
1 Premise
2 Cast
3 Production
3.1 Development
3.2 Pre-production
3.3 Filming
3.4 Music
4 Release
4.1 Marketing
5 Sequels
6 References
7 External links
Premise
At the end of the first film, the powerful dark wizard Gellert Grindelwald was captured by MACUSA (Magical Congress of the United States of America), with the help of Newt Scamander. But, making good on his threat, Grindelwald escaped custody and has set about gathering followers, most unsuspecting of his true agenda: to raise wizards and witches up to rule over all non-magical beings.
In an effort to thwart Grindelwald's plans, Albus Dumbledore enlists his former student Newt Scamander, who agrees to help, unaware of the dangers that lie ahead. Lines are drawn as love and loyalty are tested, even among the truest friends and family, in an increasingly divided wizarding world.
Cast
Cast of Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald at the 2018 San Diego Comic-Con. From left to right: Eddie Redmayne, Claudia Kim, Zoë Kravitz, Callum Turner, Ezra Miller, Alison Sudol, Dan Fogler, Katherine Waterston and Jude Law
Eddie Redmayne as Newt Scamander:[1][2]
A British Ministry of Magic employee in the Beasts Division of the Department for the Regulation and Control of Magical Creatures, as well as a self-proclaimed magizoologist. He played a part in remedying the events of a violent attack on the City of New York in December 1926 involving dark wizard Gellert Grindelwald. He is a confidante of Albus Dumbledore, despite being an outcast from certain circles of British Wizarding society due to his checkered past. Joshua Shea portrays a young Newt.
Katherine Waterston as Tina Goldstein:[3]
A promoted MACUSA (Magical Congress of the United States of America) Auror. She played a role in thwarting Gellert Grindelwald during the Obscurus incident of 1926, for which she and Newt were initially blamed. Leaving New York, Tina has traveled to Paris on a cryptic—and wholly unauthorized—investigation of her own. She knows Credence survived MACUSA’s attempt to destroy him in New York, but she is also aware that, as an Obscurial, he is considered a threat to the wizarding community and is in grave danger. Employing all of her skills, Tina is finally closing in on Credence, but her perilous pursuit has also put her on a collision course with other powerful forces hunting him.[4]
Dan Fogler as Jacob Kowalski:[3]
A No-Maj World War I veteran and current business owner, a friend of Newt, and the primary love interest to Queenie before having his memory obliviated (wiped) following Grindelwald's attack on New York.
Alison Sudol as Queenie Goldstein:[3]
The pretty and vivacious younger sister of Tina, who worked alongside her in the Federal Wand Permit Bureau after Tina was once demoted. She is a powerful natural Legilimens, and has fallen in love with Jacob Kowalski, despite the wizarding world laws forbidding the relationship and the painful rift it has caused between her and her sister, Tina. Intent on finding a way for her and Jacob to be together, she has used magic to whisk Jacob, unwittingly, to England, where magical laws are more permissive. However, the ruse backfires, threatening their budding romance and leaving Queenie desperate and vulnerable.[4]
Ezra Miller as Credence Barebone:[5]
The disturbed adopted child of Mary-Lou Barebone, violently abused and downtrodden. Enraged by people's treatment of him and Grindelwald's betrayal, he set his Obscurus parasite loose on the City of New York, causing widespread death and destruction. He was eventually "destroyed" by MACUSA officials, although a tiny Obscurus fragment escaped. Credence has since come to Paris, where he is desperately searching for his real mother, hoping to learn his true identity. More self-assured than he had been under the abusive rule of his adoptive mother, Credence is still vulnerable and alone, save for one friend, the Maledictus. However, he now has total control of his Obscurus—the magical force that had been suppressed within him for years—making him a danger in the eyes of some and a potential tool to others.[4]
Zoë Kravitz as Leta Lestrange:[6]
A damaged and confused young woman who still exerts a large amount of control over Newt, who was at one time in love with her, and possibly still is. Risking the life of a student at school, she is responsible for the outcasting of Newt from some circles of British wizarding society, after he took the blame for her misdemeanor. She is from a historically wealthy and pureblood family famous for the Dark Arts and is currently engaged to Theseus Scamander, Newt's brother, and is now working at the British Ministry of Magic as the assistant to Torquil Travers, the Head of Magical Law Enforcement.[7][4]
Callum Turner as Theseus Scamander:[8]
The older brother of Newt Scamander, who was involved in the Auror Office of the Department of Magical Law Enforcement, fought in World War I, and is described as a "war hero". The two brothers share a tentatively warm relationship, slightly marred by the fact that the two can't quite understand each other. He spent the previous year hunting Grindelwald with a team of British Aurors. He is currently engaged to Leta Lestrange.[7]
Claudia Kim as The Maledictus:
She carries a blood curse that makes her transform into a beast. She is also the main attraction of a wizarding circus and freak show called Circus Arcanus, where her transformative powers are being exploited by its cruel owner and Ringmaster, Skender. But the Maledictus has also found a friend in one of the menial workers there, Credence. After they escape from the circus together, the Maledictus becomes Credence’s companion and confidante in his search for his identity.[9][10][4]
William Nadylam as Yusuf Kama: A French-African wizard who has spent many years obsessively searching for Credence, has finally tracked him down in Paris at Circus Arcanus.[9][4]
Kevin Guthrie as Abernathy: Tina and Queenie's previous MACUSA supervisor.[9]
Jude Law as Albus Dumbledore:[3][11]
An extremely influential and powerful wizard in the British Wizarding Community, known in the British Ministry of Magic and throughout the wider wizarding world for his academic excellence, currently a professor of Transfiguration at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. He had a summer-long, mysterious relationship with Grindelwald, which ended on a tragic note. A strong ally of Newt Scamander's, he is called to resist Grindelwald's reign of terror.
Johnny Depp as Gellert Grindelwald:[12][13]
An infamous powerful dark wizard who caused mass violence, terror and chaos around the globe, seeking to lead a new Wizarding Order, with a strong belief in wizarding superiority. He shared a summer-long, deep, and mysterious relationship with Albus Dumbledore as a teenager, until tragedy struck. He wreaked havoc across Europe before being captured by MACUSA in New York, thanks in no small part to Newt Scamander. However, just as he forewarned, Grindelwald has made a daring escape. Setting up a new base of operations in Paris, Grindelwald expands the scope of his power and influence as more wizards flock to his cause, some unaware of his true agenda.[4]
Carmen Ejogo reprises her role as Seraphina Picquery, the President of MACUSA, from the first film.[14] Poppy Corby-Tuech portrays Vinda Rosier, a loyal right-hand follower of Grindelwald.[14] Brontis Jodorowsky portrays Nicolas Flamel, a 14th-century, 600-year-old Parisian scribe and alchemist believed to have discovered the Philosopher's Stone. He was mentioned previously in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone as a friend and colleague of Albus Dumbledore.[14][15] Ólafur Darri Ólafsson portrays Skender, the head of a wizarding circus and freak show.[14] Ingvar Eggert Sigurðsson portrays Grimmson, a powerful bounty hunter, while David Sakurai appears as Krall, an ambitious and sulky henchman of Grindelwald.[16] Isaura Barbé-Brown portrays Laurena Kama, Leta Lestrange's mother.[17] Victoria Yeates portrays Bunty, Newt Scamander's assistant.[18] Jessica Williams portrays Eulalie "Lally" Hicks, a professor of Ilvermorny School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. Derek Riddell, Wolf Roth and Cornell John portray Torquil Travers, Spielman and Arnold Guzman, respectively, while Fiona Glascott has been cast as an unspecified character.[10]
Production
Development
In October 2014, Warner Bros. Pictures announced the film as "at least" a trilogy with the first installment set to be released on 18 November 2016 followed by the second installment on 16 November 2018 and the third installment on 20 November 2020. David Yates was confirmed to direct at least the first installment of the series.[19][20]
In July 2016, Yates confirmed that J. K. Rowling had written the screenplay for the second film and had ideas for the third.[21] Yates talked to Entertainment Weekly about the second film, saying "we've seen the script for Part 2, for the second movie, which takes the story in a whole new direction – as you should, you don’t want to repeat yourself. The second movie introduces new characters as she builds this part of the Harry Potter universe further. It's a very interesting development from where we start out. The work is pouring out of her."[22] In October 2016, it was reported that the Fantastic Beasts film series would comprise five films, with the second film setting in another global capital city, and Eddie Redmayne would be returning to all films to play the lead role of Newt Scamander.[2] Yates would also return to direct the sequel with producers Rowling, David Heyman, Steve Kloves, and Lionel Wigram.[2]
Pre-production
The casting of Johnny Depp (pictured in character as Gellert Grindelwald) received criticism from some fans
Zoë Kravitz was expected to return in the sequel for a "meatier" role after her cameo in the first film.[23][6] On 1 November 2016, Deadline Hollywood reported that Johnny Depp had joined the film for an unspecified role in the film, which was later revealed to be Gellert Grindelwald, for which he also filmed a small role in the first film but would play a larger role in the sequel.[12][13] Depp's casting received criticism by some fans based on his previous involvement in domestic violence allegations.[24][25] J. K. Rowling posted on her website that she would not reconsider recasting because Depp and his ex-wife, actress Amber Heard, had previously expressed hope that the mutual agreement would enable both to move on from the controversy and that "the filmmakers and I are not only comfortable sticking with our original casting, but genuinely happy to have Johnny playing a major character in the movies."[26] Director David Yates revealed that character Albus Dumbledore would be back in the film but it would be played by a younger actor, not Michael Gambon, and he also revealed that the second film would be set in the United Kingdom and Paris.[13] A number of big name actors, including Christian Bale, Benedict Cumberbatch and Mark Strong were considered for the role, while Jared Harris, son of Richard Harris who played Dumbledore in the first two Harry Potter films, was also considered.[27] Later, Yates revealed that he would be directing all five films, stating, "I love making films, and I have got a great team, all of whom are like family."[28] James Newton Howard revealed in an interview with Forbes that he would be returning to compose the score for the sequel.[29]
In January 2017, it was reported that Ezra Miller was getting ready to shoot the sequel, which confirmed that he would be returning as Credence Barebone.[5] In April, it was confirmed that Jude Law had been cast for the role of Albus Dumbledore at around the time he was the Transfiguration professor at Hogwarts.[11] On 21 April 2017, Callum Turner joined the cast as Newt Scamander's older brother, Theseus.[8] On 3 July 2017, the start of principal photography, the rest of the cast which included Claudia Kim, William Nadylam, Ingvar Sigurðsson, Ólafur Darri Ólafsson and Kevin Guthrie, as well as a plot synopsis, were revealed.[9]
Filming
Principal photography began on 3 July 2017, at Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden.[9][30] On 22 September 2017, David Sakurai was cast to play Krall, one of the ambitious and sulky henchman of Grindelwald.[16] Law reportedly finished filming his scenes as Dumbledore in September 2017.[31] On 5 October 2017, several other castings were announced, including Brontis Jodorowsky as Nicolas Flamel and Jessica Williams joining in an undisclosed role.[32] Principal photography wrapped on 20 December 2017.[33]
Music
James Newton Howard confirmed in November 2016 that he would return to compose the music for the film.[34]
Release
Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald is scheduled to be released by Warner Bros. Pictures on 16 November 2018.[35][36] The film will get an IMAX, IMAX 3D and 2D release.[37]
Marketing
It was announced that the film's screenplay would be released in the form of a book on 16 November 2018.[38]
The first teaser trailer was released on March 13, 2018, along with the first poster.[39][40] The first official trailer was released on July 21, 2018 at San Diego Comic-Con.[41]
Sequels
Initially, in October 2014, the studio announced there would be a Fantastic Beasts trilogy. In July 2016, David Yates confirmed that Rowling had written the screenplay for the second film and had ideas for the third.[42] The third film is set to be released on 20 November 2020.[43][44][45] In October 2016, Rowling stated that five films would comprise the series.[46]
References
Jump up ^ "Newt Scamander - Pottermore". Pottermore. Retrieved 2018-03-14.
^ Jump up to: a b c McNary, Dave; Khatchatourian, Maane (13 October 2016). "'Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them' to Be Five-Film Franchise". Variety. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Lee, Ashley (12 April 2017). "Jude Law to Play Young Dumbledore in 'Fantastic Beasts' Sequel". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g ‘Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald’ Character Descriptions Reveal Plot Details
^ Jump up to: a b Kroll, Justin (25 January 2017). "Joby Harold to Do Page-One Rewrite of 'The Flash' Script (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Ford, Rebecca (10 August 2016). "'Harry Potter' Spinoff 'Fantastic Beasts' Adds Zoe Kravitz (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Whitbrook, James (16 November 2017). "Fantastic Beasts 2 Has a New Name and a First Look at the Cast". io9. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "'Fantastic Beasts 2': Callum Turner to Play Eddie Redmayne's Brother (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. 21 April 2017. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Tartaglione, Nancy (3 July 2017). "'Fantastic Beasts' Sequel Reveals Plot Details, Adds Cast As Shooting Starts". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Everything we know about The Crimes of Grindelwald so far - Pottermore".
^ Jump up to: a b "'Jude Law cast as Albus Dumbledore in next Fantastic Beasts film'". Pottermore. 12 April 2017. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Fleming Jr, Mike (1 November 2016). "Johnny Depp To Co-Star In J.K. Rowling's 'Fantastic Beasts' Sequel At Warner Bros". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Davids Yates and Heyman Spill Fantastic Beasts Secrets: Paris, Dumbledore, Depp, Credence and more!". The Leaky Cauldron. 8 November 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d McClusky, Megan (6 October 2017). "Pottermore Just Dropped Important Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them News. One Name Stands Out". Time. Retrieved 7 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "The real Nicolas Flamel and the Philosopher's Stone - Pottermore".
^ Jump up to: a b N'Duka, Amanda (22 September 2017). "'Fantastic Beasts And Where To Find Them' Sequel Adds David Sakurai". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Japco, Sally (29 March 2018). "'Fantastic Beasts 2' Spoilers: 'Legends' Actress Cast As Laurena Kama". International Business Times. Retrieved 5 May 2018.
Jump up ^ Lampert, Nicole (9 March 2018). "From babies to beasts: Call The Midwife actress Victoria Yeates on her magical new role". Daily Mail. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
Jump up ^ Sims, Andrew (15 October 2014). "WB names David Yates 'Fantastic Beasts' director". Hypable. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Lieberman, David (15 October 2014). "Warner Bros' Kevin Tsujihara Outlines Major Film & TV Push Amid Cost Cuts: Time Warner Investor Day". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Bell, Amanda (1 July 2016). "Fantastic Beasts Movie Sequel Has Already Been Written". Screen Rant. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
Jump up ^ "J.K. Rowling's 'Fantastic Beasts' sequel already written, takes story in 'new direction'". Entertainment Weekly. 14 July 2016. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
Jump up ^ "Fantastic Beasts 2: Zoe Kravitz Talks Leta & Newt". 17 January 2017.
Jump up ^ "J.K. Rowling is "genuinely happy" Johnny Depp is in the Fantastic Beasts films. Fans are not." Vox. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
Jump up ^ Blumberg, Antonia (7 December 2017). "J.K. Rowling Defends Johnny Depp's Role In 'Fantastic Beasts'". Huffington Post. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Grindelwald casting - J.K. Rowling". J.K. Rowling. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Richard Harris' son tipped to play Dumbledore". RTÉ.ie. 9 November 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Lee, Ashley (11 November 2016). "David Yates Says He's Directing All Five 'Fantastic Beasts' Films". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
Jump up ^ McIntyre, Hugh (17 November 2016). "James Newton Howard Talks Scoring 'Fantastic Beasts' And Entering The Wizarding World". Forbes. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "A Thrilling New Adventure in J.K. Rowling's Wizarding World is Underway" (Press release). Warner Bros. Pictures. Business Wire. 3 July 2017. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Kroll, Justin (27 September 2017). "Jude Law in Talks to Join Blake Lively in 'Rhythm Section' (Exclusive)". Variety. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Next Fantastic Beasts film reveals new characters - Pottermore". pottermore.com. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Chitwood, Adam (20 December 2017). "'Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald' Wraps Filming". Collider. Archived from the original on 20 December 2017. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
Jump up ^ McIntyre, Hugh (17 November 2016). "James Newton Howard Talks Scoring 'Fantastic Beasts' And Entering The Wizarding World". Forbes. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Barraclough, Leo (3 August 2016). "'Fantastic Beasts' Sequel in the Works With J.K. Rowling and David Yates, Release Date Set". Variety. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "tweet: "In one year, return to the Wizarding World with Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald. #MagicInProgress #FantasticBeasts" ".
Jump up ^ "IMAX and Warner Bros. Extend Deal to Include 12 More Films". ComingSoon.net. 19 October 2016. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
Jump up ^ "Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald screenplay to be published later this year". Pottermore. 20 March 2018. Retrieved 20 March 2018.
Jump up ^ "Watch the first trailer for Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald - Pottermore". Pottermore. 13 March 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Matt (13 March 2018). "'Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald' Poster Teases the Deathly Hallows". Collider. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
Jump up ^ Gartenberg, Chaim; Andrew Liptak. "The latest Fantastic Beasts: Crimes of Grindelwald trailer shows off more beasts, crime, and Grindelwald". theverge.com. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
Jump up ^ Bell, Amanda (1 July 2016). "Fantastic Beasts Movie Sequel Has Already Been Written". ScreenRant.com. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Sims, Andrew (15 October 2014). "WB names David Yates 'Fantastic Beasts' director". hypable.com. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Lieberman, David (15 October 2014). "Warner Bros' Kevin Tsujihara Outlines Major Film & TV Push Amid Cost Cuts: Time Warner Investor Day". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on 9 November 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Barraclough, Leo (3 August 2016). "'Fantastic Beasts' Sequel in the Works With J.K. Rowling and David Yates, Release Date Set". Variety. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Khatchatourian, Maane; McNary, Dave (13 October 2016). "'Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them' to Be Five-Film Franchise". Variety. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
External links
Official website
Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald on IMDb
Pottermore Website
Trailer
‹ The template below (Wizarding World) is being considered for deletion. See templates for discussion to help reach a consensus. ›
show
v
t
e
Wizarding World
Feature films
Harry Potter
The Philosopher's Stone
The Chamber of Secrets
The Prisoner of Azkaban
The Goblet of Fire
The Order of the Phoenix
The Half-Blood Prince
The Deathly Hallows – Part 1
production
The Deathly Hallows – Part 2
production
Fantastic Beasts
Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them
The Crimes of Grindelwald
Stage play
The Cursed Child
Music
The Philosopher's Stone
The Chamber of Secrets
The Prisoner of Azkaban
The Goblet of Fire
The Order of the Phoenix
The Half-Blood Prince
The Deathly Hallows – Part 1
The Deathly Hallows – Part 2
Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them
Outside media
Video games
The Philosopher's Stone
The Chamber of Secrets
Quidditch World Cup
The Prisoner of Azkaban
The Goblet of Fire
The Order of the Phoenix
The Half-Blood Prince
Lego Harry Potter: Years 1–4
The Deathly Hallows – Part 1
The Deathly Hallows – Part 2
Lego Harry Potter: Years 5–7
Book of Spells
Book of Potions
Harry Potter: Hogwarts Mystery
Harry Potter: Wizards Unite
Attractions
The Wizarding World of Harry Potter
Orlando
Japan
Hollywood
Digital publication
Pottermore
See also
Harry Potter cast
Music of the Harry Potter films
Harry Potter book series
Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them book
Portkey Games
Book
Category
show
v
t
e
Films by David Yates
Feature films
The Tichborne Claimant (1998)
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (2007)
Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (2009)
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 (2010)
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (2011)
The Legend of Tarzan (2016)
Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2016)
Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald (2018)
Television productions
The Way We Live Now (2001)
State of Play (2003)
Sex Traffic (2004)
The Girl in the Café (2005)
Short films
Rank (2002)
show
v
t
e
Works by J. K. Rowling
Harry Potter series
Novels
Philosopher's Stone (1997)
Chamber of Secrets (1998)
Prisoner of Azkaban (1999)
Goblet of Fire (2000)
Order of the Phoenix (2003)
Half-Blood Prince (2005)
Deathly Hallows (2007)
Related
works
Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2001)
Quidditch Through the Ages (2001)
Harry Potter prequel (2008)
The Tales of Beedle the Bard (2008)
The Cursed Child (2016)
Hogwarts: An Incomplete and Unreliable Guide (2016)
Short Stories from Hogwarts of Power, Politics and Pesky Poltergeists (2016)
Short Stories from Hogwarts of Heroism, Hardship and Dangerous Hobbies (2016)
Cormoran Strike series
(as Robert Galbraith)
The Cuckoo's Calling (2013)
The Silkworm (2014)
Career of Evil (2015)
Lethal White (2018)
Other works
The Casual Vacancy (2012)
Filmography
Films
produced
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 (2010)
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (2011)
Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2016, also wrote)
Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald (2018, also wrote)
TV series
The Casual Vacancy (2015)
Strike (2017–present)
See also
Wizarding World
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fantastic_Beasts:_The_Crimes_of_Grindelwald&oldid=856429971"
Categories:
Upcoming films
2018 films
English-language films
2010s adventure films
2010s fantasy films
2010s prequel films
2018 3D films
American 3D films
American adventure films
American fantasy films
American films
American sequel films
British 3D films
British adventure films
British fantasy films
British films
British sequel films
Films scored by James Newton Howard
Film spin-offs
Films based on works by J. K. Rowling
Films directed by David Yates
Films produced by David Heyman
Prequel films
Films set in 1927
Films set in Kent
Films set in London
Films set in New York City
Films set in Paris
Films set in Scotland
Films set in the Roaring Twenties
Films shot in England
Films shot in London
Films using computer-generated imagery
Harry Potter (film series)
Heyday Films films
High fantasy films
IMAX films
Upcoming sequel films
Warner Bros. films
Wizarding World
Upcoming IMAX films
Screenplays by J. K. Rowling
Hidden categories:
Wikipedia semi-protected pages
Use dmy dates from December 2017
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
View source
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
भोजपुरी
Български
Català
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Español
فارسی
Français
한국어
Հայերեն
Italiano
עברית
Magyar
Nederlands
日本語
Português
Русский
සිංහල
Српски / srpski
Suomi
Svenska
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
中文
19 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 25 August 2018, at 04:03 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href title

values: This article is semi-protected until September 13, 2018.

attrs: class id

value: i

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: p

value: th

attrs: colspan class style

value: tr

attrs: alt src width height class data-file-width data-file-height

values: Fantastic Beasts - The Crimes of Grindelwald.png

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: colspan style

attrs: scope style

values:
/wiki/Warner_Bros._Pictures
mw-redirect
Warner Bros. Pictures

values:
/wiki/Drama_(modern_genre)
mw-redirect
Drama (modern genre)

values: Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (film)

values:
/wiki/Fantastic_Beasts_(film_series)
mw-redirect
Fantastic Beasts (film series)

values:
/wiki/Newt_Scamander
mw-redirect
Newt Scamander

values:
/wiki/Gellert_Grindelwald
mw-redirect
Gellert Grindelwald

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/City_of_New_York
mw-redirect
City of New York

values: Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry

values:
/wiki/Philosopher%27s_Stone
mw-redirect
Philosopher's Stone

values: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film)

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.fantasticbeasts.com

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4123430/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.pottermore.com/
external text

values: Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2018 August 29

values: background-color: transparent; padding: 0; font-size:x-small; color:#000000; text-align: center; border-bottom:1px solid #AAAAAA;

values: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (film)

values: Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (film)

values: Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (film)

values: Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)

values: Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film)

values: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1

values: Production of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows

values: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2

values: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (soundtrack)

values: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (soundtrack)

values: Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (soundtrack)

values: Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (soundtrack)

values: Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (soundtrack)

values: Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (soundtrack)

values: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 (soundtrack)

values: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (soundtrack)

values: Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (soundtrack)

values: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (video game)

values: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (video game)

values: Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (video game)

values: Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (video game)

values: Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (video game)

values: Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (video game)

values: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 (video game)

values: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (video game)

values: The Wizarding World of Harry Potter (Universal Orlando Resort)

values: The Wizarding World of Harry Potter (Universal Studios Japan)

values: The Wizarding World of Harry Potter (Universal Studios Hollywood)

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone

values: Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban

values: Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix

values: Hogwarts: An Incomplete and Unreliable Guide

values:
/wiki/The_Casual_Vacancy_(TV_series)
mw-redirect
The Casual Vacancy (TV series)

values: Category:Films scored by James Newton Howard

values: Category:Films based on works by J. K. Rowling

values: Category:Films set in the Roaring Twenties

values: Category:Films using computer-generated imagery

values: Category:Use dmy dates from December 2017

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values:
This page is protected.
You can view its source [ctrl-alt-e]

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: الوحوش المذهلة: جرائم جريندلوالد – Arabic

values: फैंटास्टिक बीस्ट्स: दि क्राइम्स ऑफ ग्रिंडेलवाल्ड – Bhojpuri

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bh
display: none;

values: Фантастични животни: Престъпленията на Гринделвалд – Bulgarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values: Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald – Catalan

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values: Fantastická zvířata: Grindelwaldovy zločiny – Czech

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values: Fantastiske skabninger 2: Grindelwalds forbrydelser – Danish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values: Phantastische Tierwesen: Grindelwalds Verbrechen – German

values: Animales fantásticos: Los crímenes de Grindelwald – Spanish

values: جانوران شگفت‌انگیز: جنایات گریندل‌والد – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values: Les Animaux fantastiques : Les Crimes de Grindelwald – French

values: 신비한 동물들과 그린델왈드의 범죄 – Korean

values: Ֆանտաստիկ գազաններ․ Գրինդևալդի հանցագործությունները – Armenian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hy
display: none;

values: Animali fantastici - I crimini di Grindelwald – Italian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: חיות הפלא: הפשעים של גרינדלוולד – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values: Legendás állatok: Grindelwald bűntettei – Hungarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values: Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald – Dutch

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: ファンタスティック・ビーストと黒い魔法使いの誕生 – Japanese

values: Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald – Portuguese

values: Фантастические твари: Преступления Грин-де-Вальда – Russian

values: ෆැන්ටෑස්ටික් බීස්ට්ස්: ද ක්‍රයිම්ස් ඔෆ් ග්‍රින්ඩ්ල්වෝල්ඩ් – Sinhala

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-si
display: none;

values: Фантастичне звери: Гринделвалдови злочини – Serbian

values: Ihmeotukset: Grindelwaldin rikokset – Finnish

values: Fantastiska vidunder: Grindelwalds brott – Swedish

values: สัตว์มหัศจรรย์: อาชญากรรมของกรินเดลวัลด์ – Thai

values: Fantastik Canavarlar: Grindelwald'ın Suçları – Turkish

values: Фантастичні звірі: Злочини Ґріндельвальда – Ukrainian

values: Sinh vật huyền bí: Tội ác của Grindelwald – Vietnamese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values: 怪獸與葛林戴華德的罪行 – Chinese

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Fantastic_Beasts_The_Crimes_of_Grindelwald rootpage-Fantastic_Beasts_The_Crimes_of_Grindelwald skin-vector action-view


text:
Culture of Cambodia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Royal Ballet of Cambodia.[1]
Throughout Cambodia's long history, religion has been a major source of cultural inspiration. Over nearly two millennia, Cambodians have developed a unique Khmer belief from the syncreticism of indigenous animistic beliefs and the Indian religions of Buddhism and Hinduism. Indian culture and civilization, including its languages and arts reached mainland Southeast Asia around the 1st century AD. It is generally believed that seafaring merchants brought Indian customs and culture to ports along the Gulf of Thailand and the Pacific en route to trade with China. The Kingdom of Funan was most probably the first Khmer state to benefit from this influx of Indian ideas.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Architecture and housing
3 Religion
4 Ways of life
4.1 Birth and death rituals
4.2 Childhood and adolescence
4.3 Courtship, marriage, and divorce
4.4 Social organization
4.5 Customs
5 Clothing
6 Cuisine
7 Arts and literature
7.1 Visual arts
7.2 Music
7.3 Dance
7.4 Literature
7.5 Shadow Theatre
7.6 Film
8 Sports
9 See also
10 References
11 External links
History[edit]
The Golden age of Cambodia was between the 9th and 14th century, during the Angkor period, during which it was a powerful and prosperous empire that flourished and dominated almost all of inland Southeast Asia. However, Angkor would eventually collapse after much in-fighting between royalty and constant warring with its increasingly powerful neighbors, notably Siam and Dai Viet. Many temples from this period however, like Bayon and Angkor Wat still remain today, scattered throughout Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam as a reminder of the grandeur of Khmer arts and culture. Cambodia's unparalleled achievements in art, architectures, music, and dance during this period have had a great influence on many neighboring kingdoms, namely Thailand and Laos. The effect of Angkorian culture can still be seen today in those countries, as they share many close characteristics with current-day Cambodia.
Architecture and housing[edit]
Main article: Architecture of Cambodia
Rural style house in Cambodia
Angkor Wat, the most famous Cambodian heritage site.
The Royal Palace in Phnom Penh
The Angkorian architects and sculptors created temples that mapped the cosmic world in stone. Khmer decorations drew inspiration from religion, and mythical creatures from Hinduism and Buddhism were carved on walls. Temples were built in accordance to the rule of ancient Khmer architecture that dictated that a basic temple layout include a central shrine, a courtyard, an enclosing wall, and a moat. Khmer motifs use many creatures from Buddhist and Hindu mythology, like the Royal Palace in Phnom Penh, use motifs such as the garuda, a mythical bird in Hinduism. The architecture of Cambodia developed in stages under the Khmer empire from the 9th to the 15th century, preserved in many buildings of the Angkor temple. The remains of secular architecture from this time are rare, as only religious buildings were made of stone. The architecture of the Angkor period used specific structural features and styles, which are one of the main methods used to date the temples, along with inscriptions.
In modern rural Cambodia, the nuclear family typically lives in a rectangular house that may vary in size from four by six meters to six by ten meters. It is constructed of a wooden frame with gabled thatch roof and walls of woven bamboo. Khmer houses are typically raised as much as three meters on stilts for protection from annual floods. Two ladders or wooden staircases provide access to the house. The steep thatch roof overhanging the house walls protects the interior from rain. Typically a house contains three rooms separated by partitions of woven bamboo. The front room serves as a living room used to receive visitors, the next room is the parents' bedroom, and the third is for unmarried daughters. Sons sleep anywhere they can find space. Family members and neighbors work together to build the house, and a house-raising ceremony is held upon its completion. The houses of poorer persons may contain only a single large room. Food is prepared in a separate kitchen located near the house but usually behind it. Toilet facilities consist of simple pits in the ground, located away from the house, that are covered up when filled. Any livestock is kept below the house. Chinese and Vietnamese houses in Cambodian towns and villages are typically built directly on the ground and have earthen, cement, or tile floors, depending upon the economic status of the owner. Urban housing and commercial buildings may be of brick, masonry, or wood.[2]
Religion[edit]
Main article: Religion in Cambodia
Cambodia is predominantly Buddhist with 80% of the population being Theravada Buddhist, 1% Christian and the majority of the remaining population follow Islam, atheism, or animism.
Buddhist nun at Angkor Wat, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
Buddhism has existed in Cambodia since at least the 5th century CE. Theravada Buddhism has been the Cambodian state religion since the 13th century CE (excepting the Khmer Rouge period), and is currently estimated to be the faith of 90% of the population.[3]
Buddhist monks at Angkor Wat. Buddhism is the official religion in all of Cambodia.
Islam is the religion of a majority of the Cham (also called Khmer Islam) and Malay minorities in Cambodia. According to Po Dharma, there were 150,000 to 200,000 Muslims in Cambodia as late as 1975. Persecution under the Khmer Rouge eroded their numbers, however, and by the late 1980s they probably had not regained their former strength. All of the Cham Muslims are Sunnis of the Shafi'i school. Po Dharma divides the Muslim Cham in Cambodia into a traditionalist branch and an orthodox branch.
Christianity was introduced into Cambodia by Roman Catholic missionaries in 1660. However, it made little headway at first, particularly among Buddhists. In 1972 there were probably about 20,000 Christians in Cambodia, most of whom were Roman Catholics. According to Vatican statistics, in 1953, members of the Roman Catholic Church in Cambodia numbered 120,000, making it, at that time, the second largest religion in the country. In April 1970, just before repatriation, estimates indicate that about 50,000 Catholics were Vietnamese. Many of the Catholics remaining in Cambodia in 1972 were Europeans—chiefly French. American Protestant missionary activity increased in Cambodia, especially among some of the hill tribes and among the Cham, after the establishment of the Khmer Republic. The 1962 census, which reported 2,000 Protestants in Cambodia, remains the most recent statistic for the group. Observers reported that in 1980 there were more registered Khmer Christians among the refugees in camps in Thailand than in all of Cambodia before 1970. Kiernan notes that, until June 1980, five weekly Protestant services were held in Phnom Penh by a Khmer pastor, but that they had been reduced to a single weekly service after police harassment.[2] There are around 21,300 Catholics in Cambodia which represents only 0.15% of the total population. There are no dioceses, but there are three territorial jurisdictions - one Apostolic Vicariate and two Apostolic Prefectures.
Highland tribal groups, most with their own local religious systems, probably number fewer than 100,000 persons. The Khmer Loeu have been loosely described as animists, but most tribal groups have their own pantheon of local spirits. In general they see their world filled with various invisible spirits (often called yang), some benevolent, others malevolent. They associate spirits with rice, soil, water, fire, stones, paths, and so forth. Sorcerers or specialists in each village contact these spirits and prescribe ways to appease them. In times of crisis or change, animal sacrifices may be made to placate the anger of the spirits. Illness is often believed to be caused by evil spirits or sorcerers. Some tribes have special medicine men or shamans who treat the sick. In addition to belief in spirits, villagers believe in taboos on many objects or practices. Among the Khmer Loeu, the Rhade and Jarai groups have a well-developed hierarchy of spirits with a supreme ruler at its head.[2]
Ways of life[edit]
Birth and death rituals[edit]
The birth of a child is a happy event for the family. According to traditional beliefs, however, confinement and childbirth expose the family, and especially the mother and the child to harm from the spirit world. A woman who dies in childbirth—crosses the river (chhlong tonle) in Khmer is believed to become an evil spirit.[clarification needed] In traditional Khmer society, a pregnant woman respects a number of food taboos and avoids certain situations. These traditions remain in practice in rural Cambodia, but they have become weakened in urban areas.[4]
Death is not viewed with the great outpouring of grief common to Western society; it is viewed as the end of one life and as the beginning of another life that one hopes will be better. Buddhist Khmer usually are cremated, and their ashes are deposited in a stupa in the temple compound. A corpse is washed, dressed, and placed in a coffin, which may be decorated with flowers and with a photograph of the deceased. White pennant-shaped flags, called "white crocodile flags," outside a house indicate that someone in that household has died. A funeral procession consisting of an achar, Buddhist monks, members of the family, and other mourners accompanies the coffin to the crematorium. The spouse and the children show mourning by shaving their heads and by wearing white clothing. Relics such as teeth or pieces of bone are prized by the survivors, and they are often worn on gold chains as amulets.[4]
Childhood and adolescence[edit]
Main article: Childhood and adolescence in Cambodia
Cambodian girls on a bicycle
A Cambodian child may be nursed until two to four years of age. Up to the age of three or four, the child is given considerable physical affection and freedom. Children around five years of age also may be expected to help look after younger siblings. Children's games emphasize socialization or skill rather than winning and losing.[4]
Most children begin school when they are seven or eight. By the time they reach this age, they are familiar with the society's norms of politeness, obedience, and respect toward their elders and toward Buddhist monks. The father at this time begins his permanent retreat into a relatively remote, authoritarian role. By age ten, a girl is expected to help her mother in basic household tasks; a boy knows how to care for the family's livestock and can do farm work under the supervision of older males. Adolescent children usually play with members of the same sex. During his teens, a boy may become a temple servant and go on to serve a time as a novice monk, which is a great honor for the parents.[4]
In precommunist days, parents exerted complete authority over their children until the children were married, and the parents continued to maintain some control well into the marriage. Age difference is strictly recognized with polite vocabulary and special generational terms for "you".[4]
Courtship, marriage, and divorce[edit]
Main article: Courtship, marriage, and divorce in Cambodia
In Cambodia, premarital sex is deplored. The choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male, and it may involve not only his parents and his friends, as well as those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker and a haora (a Khmer "fortuneteller" versed in Indian astrology). In theory, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen for her. Courtship patterns differ between rural and urban Khmer; marriage as a culmination of romantic love is a notion that exists to a much greater extent in larger cities. A man usually marries between the ages of nineteen and twenty-five, a girl between the ages of sixteen and twenty-two. After a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying into a good family. In rural areas, there is a form of bride-service; that is, the young man may take a vow to serve his prospective father-in-law for a period of time. By tradition, the youngest daughter and her spouse are expected to live with and care for her ageing parents and their land.
Pre-wedding photographs of Cambodian couple at Angkor Wat
Bride and groom at a Cambodian wedding
The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, but in the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and recite prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, tying cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and passing a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the union. After the wedding, a banquet is held. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may live with them up to a year, until they can build a new house nearby.[4] The majority of married Cambodian couples do not obtain legal marriage documents. Marriage is seen more as a social institution, regulated by societal pressures, expectations and norms, than a legal matter. This practice continues today. All that is necessary for a couple to be considered married by the community is to have a ceremony, after which a party is often held for family, friends and well-wishers to celebrate. This is how the overwhelming majority of Cambodian couples marry. Whether these traditional marriages are considered legal contracts by the government and courts is unclear. Therefore, when a couple separate, they likewise need not obtain divorce documents.
Divorce is legal and relatively easy to obtain, but not common.[4] Divorced persons are viewed with some disapproval. Each spouse retains whatever property he or she brought into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is divided equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but the woman must wait ten months. Custody of minor children is usually given to the mother, and both parents continue to have an obligation to contribute financially toward the rearing and education of the child.[4] The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry.[5]
The consequences of the social upheaval caused by the Cambodian Civil War is still being felt. At present there is variation in tradition from province to province. In Siem Reap, it is widely understood, for example, that the man takes the first-born child upon separation. Men who leave their families typically do not support their other children, especially when they leave one woman for another woman. The new woman and her family will not accept children from a previous relationship. This is also an important source of the 70% or so of non orphans living in fake orphanages around cities in Cambodia which are tourist focal points.[citation needed]
Social organization[edit]
Main article: Social organization in Cambodia
Khmer culture is very hierarchical. The greater a person's age, the greater the level of respect that must be granted to them. Cambodians are addressed with a hierarchical title corresponding to their seniority before the name. When a married couple becomes too old to support themselves, they may invite the youngest child's family to move in and to take over running the household. At this stage in their lives, they enjoy a position of high status.[4]
The individual Khmer is surrounded by a small inner circle of family and friends who constitute his or her closest associates, those he would approach first for help. The nuclear family, consisting of a husband and a wife and their unmarried children, is the most important kin group. Within this unit are the strongest emotional ties, the assurance of aid in the event of trouble, economic cooperation in labor, sharing of produce and income, and contribution as a unit to ceremonial obligations. In rural communities, neighbors—who are often also kin—may be important, too. Fictive child-parent, sibling, and close friend relationships Cambodia transcend kinship boundaries and serve to strengthen interpersonal and interfamily ties. Beyond this close circle are more distant relatives and casual friends. In rural Cambodia, the strongest ties a Khmer may develop—besides those to the nuclear family and to close friends—are those to other members of the local community. A strong feeling of pride—for the village, for the district, and province—usually characterizes Cambodian community life.[6]
Legally, the husband is the head of the Khmer family, but the wife has considerable authority, especially in family economics. The husband is responsible for providing shelter and food for his family; the wife is generally in charge of the family budget, and she serves as the major ethical and religious model for the children, especially the daughters. Both husbands and wives are responsible for domestic economic tasks.[6]
Customs[edit]
Sampeah (Cambodian greeting)
In Khmer culture a person's head is believed to contain the person's soul—therefore making it taboo to touch or point one's feet at it. It is also considered to be extremely disrespectful to use the feet to point out a person, or to sit or sleep with the soles of the feet pointing at a person, as the feet are the lowest part of the body and are considered to be impure.
When greeting people or to show respect in Cambodia people do the "sampeah" gesture, identical to the Indian namaste and Thai wai.
Customary Cambodian teachings are laid out in verse form in long works from the 14th to 18th centuries collectively called Chhbap ("rules" or "codes").[7] These were traditionally learned by rote. Works such as the Chhbap Pros ("Boy's Code"), Chhbap Srey ("Girl's Code") and Chhbap Peak Chas ("Code of Ancient Words") gave such advice as: a person that does not wake up before sunrise is lazy; a child must tell parents or elders where they go and what time they will return home; always close doors gently, otherwise a bad temper will be assumed; sit in a chair with the legs straight down and not crossed (crossing the legs is a mark of an impolite person); and always let the other person do more talking.
In Cambodia it is not polite to make eye contact with someone who is older or someone who is considered a superior.
Clothing[edit]
Main article: Cambodian clothing

Clothing in Cambodia is one of the most important aspects of the culture. Cambodian fashion differs according to ethnic group and social class. Khmer people traditionally wear a checkered scarf called a Krama. The "krama" is what distinctly separates the Khmer (Cambodians) from their neighbors the Thai, the Vietnamese, and the Laotians. The scarf is used for many purposes including for style, protection from the sun, an aid (for the feet) when climbing trees, a hammock for infants, a towel, or as a "sarong". A "krama" can also be easily shaped into a small child's doll for play. Under the Khmer Rouge, krama of various patterns were part of standard clothing.
A Khmer women wearing a Krama
The long-popular traditional garment known as the Sampot, is an Indian-influenced costume which Cambodians have worn since the Funan era. Historically, Khmer clothing has changed depending on the time period and religion. From the Funan era to the Angkor Era, there was a strong Hindu influence in Cambodian fashion which favored wearing Sampots over the lower body and oftentimes nothing from the waist up except jewelry including bracelets and collars such as the Sarong Kor, a symbol of Hinduism.
A dancer wearing Sampot Chong Kben
As Buddhism began to replace Hinduism, Khmer people started wearing the blouse, shirt and trousers of Khmer style. Khmer people, both common and royal, stopped wearing the Hindu-style collars and began to adopt beautiful decorated shawls such as Sbai instead. This new clothing style was popular in the Udong period.
In fact, a Khmer lady habitually chooses the right colour for her Sampot or blouse, both to please herself and to follow the costume of good luck.
Some Cambodians still wear a religious style of clothing. Some Khmer men and women wear a Buddha pendant on a necklace. There are different pendants for different uses; some are meant for protection from evil spirits, some are meant to bring good luck.
Otherwise, in the notable class people in Cambodia, especially the royal caste, have adapted a well known dress as well as expensive fashion style.Sampot is still well recognized among the royalty. Most royalty prefer Sampot Phamuong, a new version of sampot adapted by Thai people in the 17th century. Since the Udong period, most royalty have retained their dressing habits. Female royalty created the most attractive fashion. The lady always wears a traditional cape called sbai or rabai kanorng, which is draped over the left shoulder, leaving the right shoulder bare. Rarely was the cape worn over the right shoulder. The sbai or rabai kanorng would have been sumptuously fashioned in the old days in threads of genuine gold or silver. The cape in the old days would have hung down to the hem of the Sampot.
Dancers wear a collar known as Sarong Kor around their necks. Importantly, they wear a unique skirt called Sampot sara-bhap (lamé), made from silk inter-woven with gold or silver threads, forming elaborate and intricate designs that shimmer as the dancers move. This is held in place with a bejewelled belt. A multitude of jewellery is also worn by the female dancers. These include earrings, several pairs of bangles, a garland of flowers in the form of a bracelet, bracelets, anklets and an armlet that is worn on the right. Several body chains cross over the body like a sash. A circular or diamond shaped pendant is worn around the neck.
There are several different types of mokot worn by female royalty. The typical mokots that are worn are much similar to those of male royalty. Some crowns are just like tiaras where at the back of the mokot hair is let loose, cascading down the back. Other mokots have a few accessories such as ear pieces that would sit above the ear and help hold the mokot in place while a comb at the back is just an added accessory. Flowers are also worn on the mokot in the same style, but the hanging garlands of flowers are worn on the left and the bouquet is worn on the right. The best example of these royal clothes is illustrated by Khmer classical dance costumes, which are an adaptation of the beautiful royalty costume.
Cuisine[edit]
Main article: Cambodian cuisine
Amok, a popular Cambodian dish
Fried Prahok
Khmer cuisine is similar to that of its Southeast Asian neighbors. It shares many similarities with Thai cuisine, Vietnamese cuisine and Teochew cuisine. Cambodian cuisine also uses fish sauce in soups, stir-fried cuisine, and as dippings. The Chinese influence can be noted in the common chha (Khmer: ឆារ, Stir frying) and in the use of many variations of rice noodles. A particular popular dish of ultimately Chinese origin is "pork broth rice noodle soup", similar to phở, called kuy tieu (Khmer: គុយទាវ). Indian influenced dishes include many types of curry known as kari (Khmer: ការី) that call for dried spices such as star anise, cardamom, cinnamon, nutmeg and fennel as well as local ingredients like lemongrass, garlic, kaffir lime leaves, shallots and galangal that give dishes a distinctive Cambodian flavor.[8] Banh Chaew (Khmer: នំបាញ់ឆែវ), the Khmer version of the Vietnamese Bánh xèo, is also a popular dish.
Khmer cuisine is noted for the use of prahok (ប្រហុក), a type of fermented fish paste, in many dishes as a distinctive flavoring. When prahok is not used, it is likely to be kapǐ (កាពិ) instead, a kind of fermented shrimp paste. Coconut milk is the main ingredient of many Khmer curries and desserts. Cambodians prefer either jasmine rice or sticky (glutinous) rice. The latter is used more in dessert dishes with fruits such as durian while jasmine rice is eaten with meals. Almost every meal is eaten with a bowl of rice. Typically, Cambodians eat their meals with at least three or four separate dishes. Each individual dish will usually be one of either sweet, sour, salty or bitter. Chili is usually left up to the individual to add themselves. In this way Cambodians ensure that they get a bit of every flavor to satisfy their palates.
Regional Cambodian cuisine offers some unique dishes influenced by the traditions of local ethnic groups. In Kampot and Kep, known for its Kampot Pepper Crab or Kdam Chha Mrich Kchei (Khmer: ក្តាមឆាម្រេចខ្ជី) in Khmer. This dish is prepared with a local crab fried with the black pepper from area pepper fields. Kula people, an ethnic group of Pailin Province, originated Mee Kola (Khmer: មីកុឡា), a vegetarian rice stick noodle dish. In southeastern Cambodia, the influence of Vietnamese cuisine are strong, evidenced by Bánh tráng which is ubiquitous in southeastern Cambodia but virtually unknown elsewhere. The region between Siem Reap and Kampong Thom, an area with many Chinese Cambodians, displays Khmer versions of many Chinese dishes.
Arts and literature[edit]
Visual arts[edit]
Main articles: Visual arts of Cambodia and Khmer sculpture
The history of visual arts in Cambodia stretches back centuries to ancient crafts; Khmer art reached its peak during the Angkor period. Traditional Cambodian arts and crafts include textiles, non-textile weaving, silversmithing, stone carving, lacquerware, ceramics, wat murals, and kite-making. Beginning in the mid-20th century, a tradition of modern art began in Cambodia, though in the later 20th century both traditional and modern arts declined for several reasons, including the killing of artists by the Khmer Rouge. The country has experienced a recent artistic revival due to increased support from governments, NGOs, and foreign tourists.
Thon-rammana widely used in Khmer classical dance.
Music[edit]
Main article: Music of Cambodia
Especially in the 60s and 70s, the 'big two' duet of Sinn Sisamouth and Ros Serey Sothea had been a large hit in the country. However, after their deaths, new music stars have tried to bring back the music. Cambodian music has undergone heavy Westernization.
The Cambodian pinpeat ensemble is traditionally heard on feast days in the pagodas. It is also a court ensemble used to accompany classical dance for ritual occasions or theatrical events. The pinpeat is primarily made up of percussion instruments: the roneat ek (lead xylophone), roneat thung (low bamboo xylophone), kong vong touch and kong vong thom (small and large sets of tuned gongs), sampho (two-sided drum), skor thom (two large drums), and sralai (quadruple-reed instrument).
Dance[edit]
Main article: Dance of Cambodia
Cambodian Dance can be divided into three main categories: classical dance, folk dances, and vernacular dances.
Khmer Apsara dancers
Khmer classical dance is a form of Cambodian dance originally performed only for royalty. The dances have many elements in common with Thai classical dance. During the mid-20th century, it was introduced to the public where it now remains a celebrated icon of Khmer culture, often being performed during public events, holidays, and for tourists visiting Cambodia.this classical Dance is famous for its using of hands and feet to express emotion which known as there are 4,000 different gestures in this type of dance. Provided as repeating a golden age in 1960s, Khmer Classical Dance also known as The Royal Ballet of Cambodia after select as UNESCO's Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity, has led one of its dance to be an outstanding dance of all for culture and society. Reamker, a khmer version of Indian, Ramayana had influenced strongly to Khmer classical dance. It involved in khmer gesture, movement and story line.The dance that divided from Reamker Dance known as Robam Sovann Macha and Robam Moni Mekala. In Facts, all of Dance reminded the audience of celestial dance which is an angel or Apsara in Sansrit mythology in goal of bringing the good luck and success to the viewer. The Classical dance is create by the heart of high art as the performer is decorated with themselves with a branches of jewellry.
Apsara Dance, a khmer dance that has survived since the Angkor Era, has been singled out to attract foreign tourists and to make the richness of Khmer culture known to the world. Apsara Dance was promoted by Princess Norodom Buppha Devi before the Khmer Rouge times and recently has received an award as one of the main symbols of Cambodia.
Khmer folk dances, which are performed for audiences, are fast-paced. The movements and gestures are not as stylized as Khmer classical dance. Folk dancers wear clothes of the people they are portraying such as Chams, hill tribes, farmers, and peasants. The folk dance music is played by a mahori orchestra.
Cambodian vernacular dances (or social dances) are those danced at social gatherings. Such dances include Romvong, Rom Kbach, Rom Saravan, and Lam Leav. Some of these dances have much influence from the traditional dances of Laos. But Rom Kbach, for example, take heavily from the classical dance of the royal court. Other social dances from around the world have influenced Cambodian social culture including the Cha-cha, Bolero, and the Madison.
Literature[edit]
Main article: Literature of Cambodia
The tale of Vorvong & Sorvong illustration, a Khmer 19th century drawing.
A testimony of the antiquity of the Khmer language are the multitude of epigraphic inscriptions on stone. The first written proof that has allowed the history of the Khmer Kingdom to be reconstructed are those inscriptions. These writings on columns, stelae and walls throw light on the royal lineages, religious edicts, territorial conquests and internal organization of the kingdom.
Following the stone inscriptions, some of the oldest Khmer documents are translations and commentaries of the Pali Buddhist texts of the Tripitaka. They were written by the monks on palmyra palm leaves and kept in various monasteries throughout the country.
The classical tragic love story of Tum Teav
The Reamker (Khmer: រាមកេរ្តិ៍, "Rama's Fame") is the Cambodian version of the Ramayana, the famous Indian epic. The Reamker is composed in rhymed verses and is staged in sections that are adapted to dance movements interpreted by Khmer artists. The Reamker is the most ubiquitous form of traditional Cambodian theatre.
Cambodia had a rich and varied traditional oral literature. There are many legends, tales and songs of very ancient origin that were not put into writing until the arrival of the Europeans. One of the most representative of these tales was the story of Vorvong and Sorvong (Vorvong and Saurivong), a long story about two Khmer princes that was first put into writing by Auguste Pavie. This French civil servant claimed that he had obtained the story from old Uncle Nip in Somrontong District. This story was put into writing in Battambang.[9] In 2006 the Vorvong and Sorvong story was enacted in dance form by the Royal Ballet of Cambodia.[10]
Tum Teav, which has been compared[by whom?] to Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, is probably the most well-known indigenous story, based on a poem first written by a Khmer monk named Sam. A tragic love story set during the Lovek era, it has been told throughout Cambodia since at least the middle of the 19th century. The story has been portrayed in many forms including oral, historical, literary, theatre, and film adaptions. Tum Teav also has played a role in Cambodia's education, appearing as a topic for the 12th-grade Khmer language examination several times. Although a translation into French had already been made by Étienne Aymonier in 1880, Tum Teav was popularized abroad when writer George Chigas translated the 1915 literary version by the venerable Buddhist monk Preah Botumthera Som or Padumatthera Som, known also as Som, one of the best writers in the Khmer language.[11]
Some talented members of Khmer royalty such as King Ang Duong (1841–1860) and King Thommaracha II (1629–1634) have produced lasting works of literature as well. King Thomaracha wrote a highly esteemed poem for younger Cambodians. The prolific King Ang Duong is most famous for his novel Kakey, inspired from a Jataka tale about an unfaithful woman. While not written as a work of instruction, Kakey is often used as an example to teach young Khmer girls about the importance of fidelity.
Shadow Theatre[edit]
Nang Sbek Thom figure plate.
Nang Sbek (shadow theatre) (or Lakhaon Nang Sbek; Khmer) is closely related to the Nang Yai of Thailand, Wayang and Indonesia like the islands of Java and Bali, thus implying that Nang Sbek may have an Indonesian origin many centuries ago. Nang Sbek is also a dying art form and may disappear because of the decline in popularity due to the introduction of modern entertainment. Before the spread of modern entertainment such as movies, videos and television the Khmer enjoyed and watched shadow theatre apart from the other sources of entertainment available during that time. There are three kinds of shadow theatre in Cambodia:
Nang Sbek Thom is an art that involves mime, song, music as well as dance and narration to the accompaniment of the Pinpeat orchestra. It most often features the Reamker.
Nang Sbek Toch also called Nang Kalun and sometimes called Ayang (small shadow theatre) uses smaller puppets and a wide range of stories.
Sbek Paor (coloured puppet theatre) uses coloured leather puppets.
Film[edit]
Main article: Cinema in Cambodia
Cinema in Cambodia began in the 1950s; King Norodom Sihanouk himself was an avid film enthusiast. Many films were being screened in theaters throughout the country by the 1960s, which are regarded as the "golden age". After a decline during the Khmer Rouge regime, competition from video and television has meant that the Cambodian film industry is relatively weak today.
Sports[edit]
Main article: Sport in Cambodia
Cambodia has increasingly become involved in sports over the last 30 years. Football is popular as are martial arts, including bokator, pradal serey (Khmer kick boxing), and Khmer traditional wrestling.
Bokator is an ancient Khmer martial art said[by whom?] to be the predecessor of all Southeast Asian kickboxing styles. Depicted in the bas relief at Angkor Wat,[dubious – discuss] bokator was the close quarter combat system used by the ancient Angkor army. Unlike kickboxing, which is a sport fighting art, bokator was a soldier’s art, designed to be used on the battlefield. When fighting, bokator practitioners still wear the uniforms of ancient Khmer armies. A kroma (scarf) is folded around their waist and blue and red silk cords are tied around the combatant's head and biceps.
Young Cambodian boxers
Pradal serey, or traditional Khmer kickboxing, is a popular sport in Cambodia. Victory is by knockout or by judge's decision. Styles of boxing have been practiced in Southeast Asia since ancient times. In the Angkor era, both armed and unarmed martial arts were practiced by the Khmers. Evidence shows that a style resembling pradal serey existed around the 9th century.[citation needed] There have been heated debates between nations about the true origins of Southeast Asian kickboxing.
Khmer traditional wrestling is yet another popular Cambodian sport. A wrestling match consists of three rounds, which may be won by forcing an opponent to his back. Traditional matches are held during the Khmer New Year and other Cambodian holidays.
The Cambodian Football Federation is the governing body of football in Cambodia, controlling the Cambodian national football team. It was founded in 1933, and has been a member of FIFA since 1953, and the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) since 1957.
Phnom Pehn National Olympic Stadium is the national stadium, with a capacity of 50,000 in Phnom Penh.
See also[edit]
Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts, Cambodia
Gambling in Cambodia
References[edit]
Jump up ^ The Influence of Indian Culture on Khmer superstructure
^ Jump up to: a b c Federal Research Division. Russell R. Ross, ed. "Housing". Cambodia: A Country Study. Research completed December 1987. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Jump up ^ "CIA World Factbook - Cambodia". Retrieved 2007-04-10.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Federal Research Division. Russell R. Ross, ed. "Families". Cambodia: A Country Study. Research completed December 1987. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.[1]
Jump up ^ Lay, V., (n.d.) Cambodian law on marriage and family
^ Jump up to: a b Federal Research Division. Russell R. Ross, ed. "Household and Family Structure". Cambodia: A Country Study. Research completed December 1987. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Jump up ^ Ledgerwoord, Judy. "Cambodian Literature". Retrieved 29 June 2012.
Jump up ^ Profile of Cambodian Cooking and Culture
Jump up ^ Auguste Pavie, Contes populaires du Cambodge, du Laos et du Siam. Paris: Leroux, 1903.
Jump up ^ Les Nuits d’Angkor
Jump up ^ Documentation Center of Cambodia - Tum Teav: A Translation and Analysis of a Cambodian Literary Classic
External links[edit]
Cambodia Cultural Profile (Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts/Visiting Arts)
Center For Khmer Studies
Khmer Renaissance
Culture Kampot pepper
[show]
v
t
e
Culture of Southeast Asia
Brunei
Burma
Cambodia
East Timor
Indonesia
Laos
Malaysia
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Vietnam
[show]
v
t
e
Culture of Asia
Sovereign states
Afghanistan
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Brunei
Cambodia
China
Cyprus
East Timor (Timor-Leste)
Egypt
Georgia
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
North Korea
South Korea
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Laos
Lebanon
Malaysia
Maldives
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nepal
Oman
Pakistan
Philippines
Qatar
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Syria
Tajikistan
Thailand
Turkey
Turkmenistan
United Arab Emirates
Uzbekistan
Vietnam
Yemen
States with
limited recognition
Abkhazia
Artsakh
Northern Cyprus
Palestine
South Ossetia
Taiwan
Dependencies and
other territories
British Indian Ocean Territory
Christmas Island
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Hong Kong
Macau
[show]
v
t
e
Cambodia articles
History
Timeline
Early history
Dark ages
French Protectorate of Cambodia
Sihanouk era (1954–70)
Khmer Republic
Civil War
Democratic Kampuchea
Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea
People's Republic of Kampuchea
State of Cambodia
UNTAC
Modern Cambodia
Geography
Cities
Deforestation
Ecoregions
Islands
Protected areas
Provinces
Rivers
Tonlé Sap
Wildlife
Politics
Elections
Government
Human rights
LGBT
Military
Monarch
National Assembly
Political parties
Prime Minister
Economy
Agriculture
Riel (currency)
Telecommunications
Tourism
Transportation
Society
Demographics
Ethnic groups
Gambling
Khmer language
Religion
Women
Culture
Khmer architecture
Cinema
Khmer clothing
Cuisine
Dance
Literature
Music
Public holidays
Sport
Art
Outline
Index
Book
Category
Portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Culture_of_Cambodia&oldid=801187722"
Categories:
Cambodian culture
Hidden categories:
Wikipedia articles needing clarification from June 2015
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from October 2015
Articles containing Khmer-language text
Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from June 2012
All accuracy disputes
Articles with disputed statements from June 2012
Articles with unsourced statements from June 2012
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Български
Español
Français
हिन्दी
Suomi
ไทย
Українська
Tiếng Việt
Edit links
This page was last edited on 18 September 2017, at 05:38.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/Royal_Ballet_of_Cambodia
mw-redirect
Royal Ballet of Cambodia

value: sup

attrs: class style

values: /wiki/Animistic mw-redirect Animistic

values:
/wiki/Kingdom_of_Funan
mw-redirect
Kingdom of Funan

values:
/wiki/Architecture_of_Cambodia
mw-redirect
Architecture of Cambodia

values:
/wiki/Khmer_empire
mw-redirect
Khmer empire

values:
/wiki/Rural_Khmer_House#Access
mw-redirect
Rural Khmer House

values:
/wiki/Rural_Khmer_House#Furniture
mw-redirect
Rural Khmer House

values:
/wiki/Theravada_Buddhist
mw-redirect
Theravada Buddhist

values:
/wiki/Cham_(Asia)
mw-redirect
Cham (Asia)

values:
/wiki/Malay_people
mw-redirect
Malay people

values:
/wiki/Roman_Catholics
mw-redirect
Roman Catholics

values:
/wiki/Apostolic_Vicariate
mw-redirect
Apostolic Vicariate

values:
/wiki/Apostolic_Prefecture
mw-redirect
Apostolic Prefecture

values:
/wiki/E_De_people
mw-redirect
E De people

values:
noprint Inline-Template
margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;

values: Edit section: Courtship, marriage, and divorce

values: Courtship, marriage, and divorce in Cambodia

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2015)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Cambodian_clothing
mw-redirect
Cambodian clothing

values:
/wiki/Fermentation_(food)
mw-redirect
Fermentation (food)

values:
/wiki/Sticky_rice
mw-redirect
Sticky rice

values:
/wiki/Kampong_Thom_City
mw-redirect
Kampong Thom City

values:
/wiki/Visual_arts_of_Cambodia
mw-redirect
Visual arts of Cambodia

values:
/wiki/Dance_of_Cambodia
mw-redirect
Dance of Cambodia

values:
/wiki/Khmer_Classical_Dance
mw-redirect
Khmer Classical Dance

values:
/wiki/Khmer_classical_dance
mw-redirect
Khmer classical dance

values:
/wiki/Apsara_Dance
mw-redirect
Apsara Dance

values:
/wiki/Literature_of_Cambodia
mw-redirect
Literature of Cambodia

values:
/wiki/Indian_epics
mw-redirect
Indian epics

values: Vorvong and Sorvong (page does not exist)

values: The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (June 2012)

values: Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch

values:
/wiki/Cinema_in_Cambodia
mw-redirect
Cinema in Cambodia

values: The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (June 2012)

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2012)

values:
/wiki/Khmer_New_Year
mw-redirect
Khmer New Year

values:
/wiki/Cambodian_Football_Federation
mw-redirect
Cambodian Football Federation

values: Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts, Cambodia

values:
nofollow
external text
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/khtoc.html

values:
nofollow
external autonumber
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/about.html

values:
nofollow
http://www.khmerstudies.org/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.khmerenaissance.info/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://kampot3pepper.com

values:
/wiki/Culture_of_Southeast_Asia
mw-redirect
Culture of Southeast Asia

values:
/wiki/Culture_of_Burma
mw-redirect
Culture of Burma

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
/wiki/Culture_of_China
mw-redirect
Culture of China

values:
/wiki/Culture_of_Cyprus
mw-redirect
Culture of Cyprus

values:
/wiki/Culture_of_Russia
mw-redirect
Culture of Russia

values: Culture of the Republic of Artsakh (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Culture_of_South_Ossetia
mw-redirect
Culture of South Ossetia

values: Culture of the British Indian Ocean Territory (page does not exist)

values: Culture of Christmas Island (page does not exist)

values: Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea

values: United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia

values:
navbox-image
5
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values:
/wiki/Government_of_Cambodia
mw-redirect
Government of Cambodia

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from June 2015

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2015

values: Category:Articles containing Khmer-language text

values: Category:Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from June 2012

values: Category:Articles with disputed statements from June 2012

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from June 2012

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Culture_of_Cambodia
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: Култура на Камбоджа – Bulgarian

values: कम्बोडिया की संस्कृति – Hindi

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle

values: วัฒนธรรมกัมพูชา – Thai

values: Культура Камбоджі – Ukrainian

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Culture_of_Cambodia rootpage-Culture_of_Cambodia skin-vector action-view


text:
Peanut butter and jelly sandwich
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Peanut Butter Jelly" redirects here. For the Galantis song, see Peanut Butter Jelly (song).
Peanut butter and jelly sandwich
A peanut butter and jelly sandwich on white bread
Alternative names
PB&J
Course
Lunch or snack
Place of origin
United States
Serving temperature
Room temperature
Variations
Peanut butter and jam, other nut butters, with butter or marshmallow fluff
Food energy
(per serving)
1095 kcal, 18 g fat, 3 g fiber, 59 g carbs[1] kcal
Cookbook: Peanut butter and jelly sandwich Media: Peanut butter and jelly sandwich
Wikibooks Cookbook has a recipe/module on
Peanut Butter and Jelly Sandwich
A peanut butter and jelly sandwich, or PB&J, includes one or more layers of peanut butter and one or more layers of either jelly or jam on bread. Sometimes the sandwich is eaten open-faced or with one slice of bread folded over (effectively a "half sandwich").
Variations on the sandwich are known to be made. Jelly to honey or fruit slices and instead of peanut butter. Now with the popularity of almond butter, some people are transiting to almond butter and jelly sandwiches. Marshmellow fluff can also be substituted for the jelly or just added for extra flavor. This sandwich would be called a fluffernutter.
A 2002 survey showed the average American will have eaten 1,500 of these sandwiches before high school graduation.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Nutrition
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
Peanut butter was originally paired with a diverse set of foods, such as pimento, cheese, celery, watercress, and toasted crackers.[3] In a Good Housekeeping article published in May 1896, a recipe "urged homemakers to use a meat grinder to make peanut butter and spread the result on bread." The following month, the culinary magazine Table Talk published a "peanut butter sandwich recipe.[4][5] In the early 1900s, this sandwich was adopted down the class structure as the price of peanut butter dropped. It became popular with children by the 1920s as manufacturers began adding sugar to the peanut butter.[6] Since World War II, both peanut butter and jelly were found on US soldiers' military ration list.[7]
Nutrition[edit]
A peanut butter and jelly sandwich made with white bread, two tablespoons each of peanut butter and strawberry jelly, provides 27% of a person's Recommended Daily Intake of fat and 22% of their calories.[1]
While roughly 50% of the calories are from fat, most of them come from monounsaturated fat and polyunsaturated fats, which have been linked positively with heart health.[8]
Sandwich preparation
Close-up view of a cut peanut butter and jelly sandwich

See also[edit]
Food portal
Fluffernutter
Fool's Gold Loaf
Jam sandwich
Peanut butter, banana and bacon sandwich
List of sandwiches
List of peanut dishes
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "How Nutritious Is a PB&J?". Nutrition.about.com. Retrieved 2012-08-15.
Jump up ^ "PB&J is A-OK". Prepared Foods 171.10. Prepared Foods. October 2002. p. 32. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ Peanuts: The Illustrious History of the Goober Pea. University of Illinois Press. p. 35.
Jump up ^ Mark McWilliams. The Story Behind the Dish: Classic American Foods. ABC-CLIO. p. 166.
Jump up ^ Lau, Maya (June 7, 2013). "Who Made That?". New York Times Magazine.
Jump up ^ "Food Timeline". Lynne Olver.
Jump up ^ Why Do Donuts Have Holes?. Citadel Press. p. 127.
Jump up ^ Corleone, Jill. "ARE PEANUT BUTTER & JELLY SANDWICHES HEALTHY?". Retrieved 31 March 2012.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Peanut butter and jelly sandwiches.
Fun peanut facts
Keep your peanut-butter-and-jelly sandwich from getting soggy
Grilled Peanut Butter and Jelly Sandwich
History of Peanut Butter & Jelly Sandwich
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peanut_butter_and_jelly_sandwich&oldid=815790900"
Categories:
American sandwiches
Vegan cuisine
Peanut butter
Food combinations
Hidden categories:
Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages
Pages using deprecated image syntax
Articles containing video clips
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Dansk
Español
Esperanto
فارسی
Français
한국어
Bahasa Indonesia
עברית
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Simple English
Edit links
This page was last edited on 17 December 2017, at 04:39.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: span

value: caption

values:
/wiki/Marshmallow_fluff
mw-redirect
Marshmallow fluff

values: wikibooks:Special:Search/Cookbook: Peanut butter and jelly sandwich

values: commons:Special:Search/Peanut butter and jelly sandwich

values: wikibooks:Cookbook:Peanut Butter and Jelly Sandwich

values:
/wiki/Jelly_(fruit_preserves)
mw-redirect
Jelly (fruit preserves)

values:
/wiki/Open-faced_sandwich
mw-redirect
Open-faced sandwich

values:
/wiki/High_school
mw-redirect
High school

values:
/wiki/Recommended_Daily_Intake
mw-redirect
Recommended Daily Intake

values:
/wiki/Polyunsaturated_fats
mw-redirect
Polyunsaturated fats

values:
/wiki/Positive_correlation
mw-redirect
Positive correlation

values:
/wiki/Cardiovascular_health
mw-redirect
Cardiovascular health

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: commons:Category:Peanut butter and jelly sandwiches

values: Category:Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages

values: Category:Pages using deprecated image syntax

values: Category:Articles containing video clips

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Peanut_butter_and_jelly_sandwich
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: شطيرة زبدة فول سوداني بمربى – Arabic

values: Jordnøddesmør- og syltetøjssandwich – Danish

values: Sándwich de mantequilla de cacahuete y jalea – Spanish

values: Sandviĉo kun arakida butero kaj ĵeleo – Esperanto

values: ساندویچ مربا و کره بادام زمینی – Persian

values: Sandwich au beurre de cacahuète et à la confiture – French

values: 땅콩버터 젤리 샌드위치 – Korean

values: Roti lapis selai dan mentega kacang – Indonesian

values: כריך חמאת בוטנים וריבה – Hebrew

values: ピーナッツバターとジェリーのサンドイッチ – Japanese

values: Peanøttsmør- og syltetøysandwich – Norwegian

values:
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/PB_%26_J
PB & J – Polish
pl
pl
interlanguage-link-target

values: Peanut butter and jelly sandwich – Simple English

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Peanut_butter_and_jelly_sandwich rootpage-Peanut_butter_and_jelly_sandwich skin-vector action-view