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Surya Bonaly
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Surya Bonaly
Bonaly in 1992
Personal information
Country represented
France
Born
(1973-12-15) December 15, 1973 (age 44)
Nice, France
Residence
Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
Height
1.56 m (5 ft 1 1⁄2 in)
Former coach
Didier Gailhaguet, Annick Gailhaguet, André Brunet, Suzanne Bonaly, Tatiana Tarasova, Alain Giletti
Former skating club
CSG Pralognan
AC Boulogne Billancourt
Former training locations
Marlborough, USA
Began skating
1985
Retired
1998
Medal record[hide]
Women's trampoline
World Championships
1986 Paris Tumbling team
Figure skating: Ladies' singles
Representing France
World Championships
1993 Prague Ladies' singles
1994 Chiba Ladies' singles
1995 Birmingham Ladies' singles
European Championships
1991 Sofia Ladies' singles
1992 Lausanne Ladies' singles
1993 Helsinki Ladies' singles
1994 Copenhagen Ladies' singles
1995 Dortmund Ladies' singles
1996 Sofia Ladies' singles
World Junior Championships
1991 Budapest Ladies' singles
1990 Colorado Ladies' singles
1989 Sarajevo Ladies' singles
Surya Bonaly (born December 15, 1973) is a French former competitive figure skater. She is a three-time World silver medalist (1993–1995), a five-time European champion (1991–1995), the 1991 World Junior Champion, and a nine-time French national champion (1989–1997).
Bonaly is the only Olympic figure skater to land a backflip on only one blade; she performed it at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 Early years
2.2 1987–1988 to 1989–1990
2.3 1990–1991 season: World Junior and European titles
2.4 1991–1992 season: Second European title and first Olympic appearance
2.5 1992–1993 season: First World silver medal
2.6 1993–1994 season
2.7 1994–1995 season: Fifth European title
2.8 1995–1996 season
2.9 1996–1997 season
2.10 1997–1998 season: Third Olympics
2.11 Later career
3 Personal life
4 Programs
5 Competitive highlights
6 References
7 External links
Early life[edit]
Bonaly was born in Nice, France on December 15, 1973.[1][2] Initially named Claudine, she was adopted at 18 months old by Suzanne and Georges Bonaly, who gave her the name Surya.[3] Suzanne worked as a physical education teacher and Georges as an architect for the government. The couple initially told the media that their daughter had been born on the island of Réunion because they thought this origin sounded more "exotic".[4] When Surya approached the age of 18 and began researching her birth history, her parents admitted that Surya's biological mother had been from the island but that Surya herself had not been born there. Didier Gailhaguet, who was Bonaly's first coach of her competitive career, admitted fabricating the story because he thought it would interest the press.[5]
Career[edit]
Early years[edit]
Bonaly was originally a competitive gymnast. She began skating as an eleven-year-old in Nice, in 1985,[1] before relocating to Paris.[3] Early media reports said that Gailhaguet discovered Bonaly at a public session, but years later, she said she had wanted to skate in Gailhaguet's competitive skating group and actually asked to participate.[6] She broke both wrists before learning how to fall properly.[7]
1987–1988 to 1989–1990[edit]
Bonaly finished 14th at her first ISU Championship, the 1988 Junior Worlds in Brisbane, Australia.
The following season, Bonaly won the bronze medal at 1989 World Junior Championships and her first senior national title. She also began appearing on the senior level, placing eighth at the 1989 European Championships and tenth at 1989 World Championships.
Bonaly was awarded the silver medal behind Japan's Yuka Sato at the 1990 World Junior Championships in Colorado Springs, Colorado. She finished fourth at the 1990 European Championships and ninth at the 1990 World Championships.
1990–1991 season: World Junior and European titles[edit]
Bonaly began the season with a pair of senior international medals – gold at the 1990 Grand Prix International de Paris and bronze at the 1990 Skate Electric. Making her final junior appearance, she stood on top of the podium at the 1991 World Junior Championships in Budapest, Hungary. After taking her third national title, she competed at the 1991 European Championships in Sofia, Bulgaria. She was awarded the gold medal ahead of two German skaters, Evelyn Großmann and Marina Kielmann.
Bonaly placed fifth at the 1991 World Championships in Munich, Germany, where she came very close to the first ever ratified quad by a female skater, but had other errors.[8]
1991–1992 season: Second European title and first Olympic appearance[edit]
In January 1992, Bonaly outscored Kielmann and Patricia Neske for the gold medal at the European Championships in Lausanne, Switzerland. In February 1992, she took the athlete's oath at the Winter Olympics in Albertville, France. During a practice session, she landed a back flip very close to Japan's Midori Ito and was told by officials not to do it again.[9][10] Officials believed that other skaters might be intimidated in practice sessions.[10] She became the first woman to attempt a quadruple toe loop in competition but the jump was not fully rotated in the air and she had to complete the rotation on the ice. Due to the underrotation, the quad would be downgraded under the ISU Judging System.[9] Although the door was open for her to medal after Ito and Harding had finished in 4th and 6th in the short program, and Kristi Yamaguchi and Nancy Kerrigan both made major errors in the long skating just before her, she placed 6th in the free skate and 5th overall.
After the Olympics, Bonaly parted ways with Gailhaguet and joined André Brunet, who coached her for one month.[11][12] She concluded her season at the 1992 World Championships in Oakland, California. Ranked tenth in the short and 12th in the free, she finished 11th overall, making a number of jumping errors in both programs. She was so distraught with her poor performances and how she was marked that she considered turning pro midway through the event.[13]
1992–1993 season: First World silver medal[edit]
Bonaly was coached mainly by her mother from April to September 1992 and also made two month-long visits, in June and September, to Frank Carroll in southern California; although she wanted to stay with Carroll permanently, the French skating federation was opposed to its skaters training abroad.[12] Alain Giletti became her coach, commuting four times a week by train from Tours to Paris, and her mother filled in during his absences.[12]
Bonaly won the 1993 European Championships in Helsinki, having placed first in both segments ahead of Ukraine's Oksana Baiul and Germany's Marina Kielmann. At the 1993 World Championships in Prague, she took silver behind Oksana Baiul, who narrowly took the title with higher presentation scores.[14] Like bronze medalist Lu Chen, Bonaly had significantly more technical content than the winner. Bonaly performed seven triples, a triple-triple combination, and two triple lutzes, while Baiul performed five triples but did not attempt a jump combination.
1993–1994 season[edit]
In January 1994, Bonaly placed first in all segments on her way to her fourth consecutive continental title at the Europeans Championships in Copenhagen, Denmark. The other medalists were Baiul and Russia's Olga Markova. A month later, she competed at the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway. Ranked third in the short program and fourth in the free skate, she finished fourth overall behind Baiul, Nancy Kerrigan, and Chen Lu; she had two misses on the triple lutz, a singled jump early in her long program, and a fall on the second attempt.
At the 1994 World Championships in Chiba, Japan – where the three Olympic medalists did not compete – Bonaly's final overall score was equal to home country favorite Yuka Sato, who would be awarded the gold medal after a 5-4 tiebreaker decision.[15] Upset by the result, Bonaly stood beside the medals platform rather than on it. She eventually stepped onto the platform but took off her silver medal after it was presented to her; she was immediately booed by the crowd.[16] After the medals presentation, Bonaly's only statement to reporters was: "I'm just not lucky."
1994–1995 season: Fifth European title[edit]
In 1995, Bonaly won the European Championships for the fifth time, overtaking short-program winner Markova. At the 1995 World Championships in Birmingham, England, she placed fourth in the short program but rose to second after the free skate. She was awarded her third World silver medal, behind Chen Lu of China.[17] For the third consecutive year she lost the gold medal by just one judge and one-tenth of a point. Her free skate had the most difficult technical content, with two triple lutzes, two triple-triple combos, and seven triples. For Bonaly to win, another skater would need to place ahead of short program leader Nicole Bobek.[citation needed]
1995–1996 season[edit]
In autumn 1995, Bonaly competed in the inaugural ISU Champions Series. She finished third and fourth at her assignments, which was not enough to qualify to the seven-woman final. Ranked first in the short program and second in the free skate, Bonaly took silver behind Russia's Irina Slutskaya at the 1996 European Championships in Sofia, Bulgaria. She finished fifth at the 1996 World Championships in Edmonton, having placed seventh in the short where she fell on a triple lutz, and fifth in the free. She landed no more than four clean triples in any free skate during the season.
1996–1997 season[edit]
In May 1996, Bonaly ruptured her achilles tendon while doing acrobatics.[18] Due to the injury, she missed much of the following season.[19] The French federation initially decided not to name her to the 1997 European Championships in Paris, believing that she lacked fitness, but Bonaly successfully appealed.[18] She finished 9th overall after placing 6th in qualifying group B, 6th in the short program, and 10th in the free skate. She was not included in France's two-women team to the World Championships, passed over in favor of Vanessa Gusmeroli, the top French finisher at Europeans, and Laetitia Hubert who placed behind Bonaly at the same event.
1997–1998 season: Third Olympics[edit]
During the season, Bonaly was coached by Suzanne Bonaly and Tatiana Tarasova in Marlborough, United States.[1] At the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan, Bonaly placed 6th in the short program. Unable to complete her planned routine or a successful triple lutz due to injury, she decided to perform a backflip landing on one blade during the free skate. Backflips had been banned since 1976 from competitions held under ISU rules.[20] Bonaly received a deduction but was content with her decision to perform the move.[21][22] She finished tenth in Nagano and retired from amateur competition after the event.
Her skating clubs were CSG Pralognan[1] and CSG Champigny.[2]
Later career[edit]
Bonaly toured with the Champions on Ice skating show for several years[23] until it went out of business after 2007. She also performed in shows in Russia with Evgeni Plushenko and was a guest skater at Ice Theatre of New York's December 2008 gala in NYC where she successfully performed her backflip.[24]
Bonaly was an off-screen character on the "Will on Ice" episode of NBC's Will & Grace which originally aired on January 12, 1999.[25] In 2010, she was a finalist on La Ferme Célébrités season 3.[26] In 2015, she underwent surgery after the discovery of numerous cysts along her spinal cord, ending her performing career.[7]
As of September 2016, Bonaly was coaching in Minnesota.[7]
Personal life[edit]
Bonaly became an American citizen in January 2004.[5] After living in Las Vegas, Nevada,[24] she moved to Minnesota.[7] Bonaly became engaged to skating coach Pete Biver on September 18, 2016.[7]
Bonaly, a vegetarian,[27][28] has appeared in many PETA ads in both English and French, against Canada's seal hunt and against the fur trade.[29][30][31]
Programs[edit]
Season
Short program
Free skating
1997–98
[1]
The Four Seasons
by Antonio Vivaldi
Competitive highlights[edit]
International[1]
Event
87–88
88–89
89–90
90–91
91–92
92–93
93–94
94–95
95–96
96–97
97–98
Olympics 5th 4th 10th
Worlds 10th 9th 5th 11th 2nd 2nd 2nd 5th
Europeans 8th 4th 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 2nd 9th 6th
Cup of Russia 4th
Lalique 7th 1st 1st 5th 1st 1st 1st 3rd
Nations Cup 1st
NHK Trophy 2nd 1st 1st 2nd 4th
Skate America 6th 5th 3rd 2nd 1st 4th
Skate Canada 7th 1st 3rd
Goodwill Games 3rd 1st
Nebelhorn Trophy 2nd 1st
Piruetten 4th
International: Junior[1]
Junior Worlds 14th 3rd 2nd 1st
National[3]
French Champ. 4th 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 2nd
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Surya BONALY". International Skating Union. Archived from the original on 21 May 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Surya Bonaly". Sports Reference.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Biographies: BONALY Surya" (in French). Fédération Française des Sports de Glace. Archived from the original on April 2, 2007.
Jump up ^ Wallechinsky, David. Complete Book of the Winter Olympics.
^ Jump up to: a b Mullen, Maureen (April 2, 2004). "Positive spin". Boston Globe.
Jump up ^ Farris, Jo Ann Schneider (May 24, 2009). "Surya Wants to Help Today's Young Skaters". IceNetwork.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Du, Susan (September 7, 2016). "Figure skating's bad-girl star Surya Bonaly makes new life in Minnesota". City Pages.
Jump up ^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5xTMfs4RWQI
^ Jump up to: a b "French skater comes close in bid for first quad toe loop". Toledo Blade. 22 February 1992. Retrieved May 5, 2016 – via Google.
^ Jump up to: a b "Bonaly kicks up controversy, draws warning for back flip". Baltimore Sun. February 21, 1992.
Jump up ^ "Surya s'eclipse". L'Humanité (in French). 31 March 1992.
^ Jump up to: a b c Clarey, Christopher (17 December 1992). "California Training Helps Bonaly Bloom: French Skater Discovers U.S." The New York Times.
Jump up ^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1A3AY-_GP7c
Jump up ^ Bondy, Filip (14 March 1993). "FIGURE SKATING; Ukraine's Rising Star Sets Worlds Ablaze". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-05-08.
Jump up ^ "FIGURE SKATING; Cheers for Sato of Japan; Tears for Bonaly of France". The New York Times. 27 March 1994. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-05-08.
Jump up ^ 1994 World Figure Skating Championship Medal Ceremony, Youtube.com
Jump up ^ Clarey, Christopher (12 March 1995). "FIGURE SKATING; Chinese Skater Glides to World Title as Bobek Falls to the Bronze". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-05-08.
^ Jump up to: a b "Figure skating: Arrowsmith on target". The Independent. January 20, 1997.
Jump up ^ Penner, Mike (February 20, 1998). "It's a Small World – Kwan, Lipinski Will Be in a Class of Their Own". Los Angeles Times.
Jump up ^ Meyers, Dvora (February 12, 2018). "No, The Backflip Was Not Banned In Figure Skating Because Of Surya Bonaly". deadspin.com.
Jump up ^ Goff, Keli (February 18, 2014). "Figure Skater Surya Bonaly Flipped Her Way Into Our Hearts". The Root.
Jump up ^ Katz, Chloe (15 February 2014). "Levelling the rink". The Economist. New York.
Jump up ^ "Decazeville. " La seule à faire le salto arrière "". ladepeche.fr. 10 December 2009. Retrieved 2016-05-08.
^ Jump up to: a b "Surya Bonaly Lives in Las Vegas and That's Totally by Accident". Lifeskate.com. December 22, 2008.
Jump up ^ ""Will on Ice" of NBC's "Will and Grace"".
Jump up ^ "Surya Bonaly quitte la Ferme Célébrités en Afrique" [Surya Bonaly leaves Ferme Célébrités en Afrique] (in French). Star Agora. April 6, 2010. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
Jump up ^ "International Vegetarian Union – Surya Bonaly". Ivu.org. Retrieved December 25, 2008.
Jump up ^ Nieman, David C. (December 19, 2006). "Vegetarian diets, when properly planned, provide all the nutrients you need". Citizen-times.com. Retrieved December 25, 2008.
Jump up ^ ""Get the violence off the ice. Stop the Canadian seal hunt."". PETA. Archived from the original on 2008-06-26.
Jump up ^ ""I feel free on the ice and so should baby seals."". PETA.
Jump up ^ ""I'd rather skate naked than wear fur."". PETA.
External links[edit]
Quotations related to Surya Bonaly at Wikiquote
Media related to Surya Bonaly at Wikimedia Commons
[show]
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European champions in figure skating – Ladies' singles
1930: Fritzi Burger
1931: Sonja Henie
1932: Sonja Henie
1933: Sonja Henie
1934: Sonja Henie
1935: Sonja Henie
1936: Sonja Henie
1937: Cecilia Colledge
1938: Cecilia Colledge
1939: Cecilia Colledge
1947: Barbara Ann Scott
1948: Barbara Ann Scott
1949: Eva Pawlik
1950: Alena Vrzáňová
1951: Jeannette Altwegg
1952: Jeannette Altwegg
1953: Valda Osborn
1954: Gundi Busch
1955: Hanna Eigel
1956: Ingrid Wendl
1957: Hanna Eigel
1958: Ingrid Wendl
1959: Hanna Walter
1960: Sjoukje Dijkstra
1961: Sjoukje Dijkstra
1962: Sjoukje Dijkstra
1963: Sjoukje Dijkstra
1964: Sjoukje Dijkstra
1965: Regine Heitzer
1966: Regine Heitzer
1967: Gabriele Seyfert
1968: Hana Mašková
1969: Gabriele Seyfert
1970: Gabriele Seyfert
1971: Trixi Schuba
1972: Trixi Schuba
1973: Christine Errath
1974: Christine Errath
1975: Christine Errath
1976: Dianne de Leeuw
1977: Anett Pötzsch
1978: Anett Pötzsch
1979: Anett Pötzsch
1980: Anett Pötzsch
1981: Denise Biellmann
1982: Claudia Kristofics-Binder
1983: Katarina Witt
1984: Katarina Witt
1985: Katarina Witt
1986: Katarina Witt
1987: Katarina Witt
1988: Katarina Witt
1989: Claudia Leistner
1990: Evelyn Großmann
1991: Surya Bonaly
1992: Surya Bonaly
1993: Surya Bonaly
1994: Surya Bonaly
1995: Surya Bonaly
1996: Irina Slutskaya
1997: Irina Slutskaya
1998: Maria Butyrskaya
1999: Maria Butyrskaya
2000: Irina Slutskaya
2001: Irina Slutskaya
2002: Maria Butyrskaya
2003: Irina Slutskaya
2004: Júlia Sebestyén
2005: Irina Slutskaya
2006: Irina Slutskaya
2007: Carolina Kostner
2008: Carolina Kostner
2009: Laura Lepistö
2010: Carolina Kostner
2011: Sarah Meier
2012: Carolina Kostner
2013: Carolina Kostner
2014: Yulia Lipnitskaya
2015: Elizaveta Tuktamysheva
2016: Evgenia Medvedeva
2017: Evgenia Medvedeva
2018: Alina Zagitova
[show]
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Skate Canada International champions in figure skating – Ladies' singles
1973: Lynn Nightingale
1974: Lynn Nightingale
1975: Susanna Driano
1976: Kim Alletson
1977: Linda Fratianne
1978: Lisa-Marie Allen
1980: Elaine Zayak
1981: Tracey Wainman
1982: Vikki de Vries
1983: Katarina Witt
1984: Midori Ito
1985: Caryn Kadavy
1986: Elizabeth Manley
1987: Debi Thomas
1988: Natalia Lebedeva
1989: Kristi Yamaguchi
1990: Josée Chouinard
1991: Surya Bonaly
1992: Maria Butyrskaya
1993: Chen Lu
1994: Krisztina Czakó
1995: Michelle Kwan
1996: Irina Slutskaya
1997: Michelle Kwan
1998: Olena Liashenko
1999: Michelle Kwan
2000: Irina Slutskaya
2001: Sarah Hughes
2002: Sasha Cohen
2003: Sasha Cohen
2004: Cynthia Phaneuf
2005: Alissa Czisny
2006: Joannie Rochette
2007: Mao Asada
2008: Joannie Rochette
2009: Joannie Rochette
2010: Alissa Czisny
2011: Elizaveta Tuktamysheva
2012: Kaetlyn Osmond
2013: Yulia Lipnitskaya
2014: Anna Pogorilaya
2015: Ashley Wagner
2016: Evgenia Medvedeva
2017: Kaetlyn Osmond
[show]
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Skate America champions in figure skating – Ladies' singles
1979: Lisa-Marie Allen
1981: Vikki de Vries
1982: Rosalynn Sumners
1983: Tiffany Chin
1985: Debi Thomas
1986: Tiffany Chin
1988: Claudia Leistner
1989: Tonya Harding
1990: Kristi Yamaguchi
1991: Tonya Harding
1992: Yuka Sato
1993: Oksana Baiul
1994: Surya Bonaly
1995: Michelle Kwan
1996: Michelle Kwan
1997: Michelle Kwan
1998: Maria Butyrskaya
1999: Michelle Kwan
2000: Michelle Kwan
2001: Michelle Kwan
2002: Michelle Kwan
2003: Sasha Cohen
2004: Angela Nikodinov
2005: Elena Sokolova
2006: Miki Ando
2007: Kimmie Meissner
2008: Yuna Kim
2009: Yuna Kim
2010: Kanako Murakami
2011: Alissa Czisny
2012: Ashley Wagner
2013: Mao Asada
2014: Elena Radionova
2015: Evgenia Medvedeva
2016: Ashley Wagner
2017: Satoko Miyahara
[show]
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NHK Trophy champions in figure skating – Ladies' singles
1979: Emi Watanabe
1980: Denise Biellmann
1981: Kristiina Wegelius
1982: Katarina Witt
1984: Midori Ito
1985: Midori Ito
1986: Katarina Witt
1987: Katarina Witt
1988: Midori Ito
1989: Midori Ito
1990: Midori Ito
1991: Midori Ito
1992: Surya Bonaly
1993: Surya Bonaly
1994: Chen Lu
1995: Chen Lu
1996: Maria Butyrskaya
1997: Tanja Szewczenko
1998: Tatiana Malinina
1999: Maria Butyrskaya
2000: Irina Slutskaya
2001: Tatiana Malinina
2002: Yoshie Onda
2003: Fumie Suguri
2004: Shizuka Arakawa
2005: Yukari Nakano
2006: Mao Asada
2007: Carolina Kostner
2008: Mao Asada
2009: Miki Ando
2010: Carolina Kostner
2011: Akiko Suzuki
2012: Mao Asada
2013: Mao Asada
2014: Gracie Gold
2015: Satoko Miyahara
2016: Anna Pogorilaya
2017: Evgenia Medvedeva
[show]
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Bofrost Cup on Ice champions in figure skating – Ladies' singles
1986: Dianne Takeuchi
1987: Midori Ito
1989: Tonya Harding
1990: Kristi Yamaguchi
1991: Nancy Kerrigan
1992: Surya Bonaly
1993: Tanja Szewczenko
1994: Marina Kielmann
1995: Michelle Kwan
1996: Irina Slutskaya
1997: Tanja Szewczenko
1998: Elena Sokolova
1999: Maria Butyrskaya
2000: Maria Butyrskaya
2001: Maria Butyrskaya
2002: Yoshie Onda
2003: Joannie Rochette
2004: Jane Bugaeva
[show]
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Internationaux de France champions in figure skating – Ladies' singles
1987: Jill Trenary
1988: Claudia Leistner
1989: Surya Bonaly
1990: Surya Bonaly
1991: Midori Ito
1992: Surya Bonaly
1993: Surya Bonaly
1994: Surya Bonaly
1995: Josée Chouinard
1996: Michelle Kwan
1997: Laetitia Hubert
1998: Maria Butyrskaya
1999: Maria Butyrskaya
2000: Maria Butyrskaya
2001: Maria Butyrskaya
2002: Sasha Cohen
2003: Sasha Cohen
2004: Joannie Rochette
2005: Mao Asada
2006: Yuna Kim
2007: Mao Asada
2008: Joannie Rochette
2009: Yuna Kim
2010: Kiira Korpi
2011: Elizaveta Tuktamysheva
2012: Ashley Wagner
2013: Ashley Wagner
2014: Elena Radionova
2015: Gracie Gold
2016: Evgenia Medvedeva
2017: Alina Zagitova
[show]
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World Junior champions in figure skating – Ladies' singles
1976: Suzie Brasher
1977: Carolyn Skoczen
1978: Jill Sawyer
1979: Elaine Zayak
1980: Rosalynn Sumners
1981: Tiffany Chin
1982: Janina Wirth
1983: Simone Koch
1984: Karin Hendschke
1985: Tatiana Andreeva
1986: Natalia Gorbenko
1987: Cindy Bortz
1988: Kristi Yamaguchi
1989: Jessica Mills
1990: Yuka Sato
1991: Surya Bonaly
1992: Laëtitia Hubert
1993: Kumiko Koiwai
1994: Michelle Kwan
1995: Irina Slutskaya
1996: Elena Ivanova
1997: Sydne Vogel
1998: Julia Soldatova
1999: Daria Timoshenko
2000: Jennifer Kirk
2001: Kristina Oblasova
2002: Ann Patrice McDonough
2003: Yukina Ota
2004: Miki Ando
2005: Mao Asada
2006: Yuna Kim
2007: Caroline Zhang
2008: Rachael Flatt
2009: Alena Leonova
2010: Kanako Murakami
2011: Adelina Sotnikova
2012: Yulia Lipnitskaya
2013: Elena Radionova
2014: Elena Radionova
2015: Evgenia Medvedeva
2016: Marin Honda
2017: Alina Zagitova
2018: Alexandra Trusova
[show]
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French champions in figure skating – Ladies' singles
1909: Yvonne Lacroix
1910: Anita Nahmias
1911: Simone Poujade
1912: Anita Del Monte-Nahmias
1913–1914: Simone Poujade
1921–1930: Andrée Joly
1931–1936: Gaby Clericetti
1937–1938: Jacqueline Vaudecrane
1939: Betty Hendricqx
1942: Denise Fayolle
1946: Denise Fayolle
1947–1952: Jacqueline du Bief
1953: Liliane Caffin-Madaule
1954–1955: Maryvonne Huet
1956: Michèle Allard
1957: Maryvonne Huet
1958–1959: Dany Rigoulot
1960: Nicole Hassler
1961: Dany Rigoulot
1962–1966: Nicole Hassler
1967–1968: Sylvaine Duban
1969–1971: Joëlle Cartaux
1972–1977: Marie-Claude Bierre
1978–1980: Anne-Sophie de Kristoffy
1981: Cécile Antonelli
1982: Béatrice Farinacci
1983–1988: Agnès Gosselin
1989–1997: Surya Bonaly
1998–1999: Laëtitia Hubert
2000–2002: Vanessa Gusmeroli
2003–2004: Candice Didier
2005–2006: Nadège Bobillier
2007: Anne-Sophie Calvez
2008: Gwendoline Didier
2009: Candice Didier
2010: Léna Marrocco
2011–2012: Yrétha Silété
2013: Anaïs Ventard
2014–2016: Maé-Bérénice Méité
2017: Laurine Lecavelier
2018: Maé-Bérénice Méité
[show]
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French champions in figure skating – Pairs
1911: Mlle. Aysagher / Charles Sabouret
1912: Anita Del Monte / Louis Magnus
1913–1914: Simone Poujade / Francis Pigueron
1921: Simone Poujade / Francis Pigueron
1922–1923: Yvonne Bourgeois / Francis Pigueron
1924–1933: Andrée Joly / Pierre Brunet
1934: Elvira Barbey / Louis Barbey
1935: Andrée Joly / Pierre Brunet
1936: Elvira Barbey / Louis Barbey
1937–1938: Suzy Boulesteix / Jean Henrion
1939: Soumi Sakomot / Guy Pigier
1942: Denise Fayolle / Guy Pigier
1946–1949: Denise Favart / Jacques Favart
1950–1951: Jacqueline du Bief / Tony Font
1953: Nadine Damien / Jean Vives
1954: Colette Tarozzi / Jean Vives
1956: Michèle Allard / Alain Giletti
1957: Colette Tarozzi / Jean Vives
1958–1959: Anny Hirsch / Jean Vives
1960–1962: Micheline Joubert / Philippe Pélissier
1964: Micheline Joubert / Alain Trouillet
1965–1966: Noëlle Santerne / Yvan Le Théry
1967–1968: Fabienne Etlensperger / Jean-Roland Racle
1969–1970: Mona Szabo / Pierre Szabo
1971–1974: Florence Cahn / Jean-Roland Racle
1975: Pascale Kovelmann / Jean-Roland Racle
1976: Caroline Verchère / Jean-Roland Racle
1977–1979: Sabine Fuchs / Xavier Videau
1980: Hélène Glabek / Xavier Videau
1981–1982: Nathalie Tortel / Xavier Videau
1983: Nathalie Tortel / Xavier Douillard
1984–1986: Sylvie Vaquero / Didier Manaud
1987: Charline Mauger / Benoît Vandenberghe
1988: Valérie Binsse / Jean-Christophe Mbonyinshuti
1989: Surya Bonaly / Benoît Vandenberghe
1992: Line Haddad / Sylvain Privé
1993: Marie-Pierre Leray / Frédéric Lipka
1994–2003: Sarah Abitbol / Stéphane Bernadis
2004: Sabrina Lefrançois / Jérôme Blanchard
2005–2007: Marylin Pla / Yannick Bonheur
2008–2009: Adeline Canac / Maximin Coia
2010: Vanessa James / Yannick Bonheur
2011: Adeline Canac / Yannick Bonheur
2012: Daria Popova / Bruno Massot
2013–2017: Vanessa James / Morgan Ciprès
2018: Lola Esbrat / Andrei Novoselov
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 9944231
LCCN: nr97015558
ISNI: 0000 0000 5235 8929
BNF: cb124550680 (data)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Surya_Bonaly&oldid=835458855"
Categories:
1973 births
Living people
American female single skaters
European Figure Skating Championships medalists
Figure skaters at the 1992 Winter Olympics
Figure skaters at the 1994 Winter Olympics
Figure skaters at the 1998 Winter Olympics
French emigrants to the United States
French female single skaters
La Ferme Célébrités participants
Olympic figure skaters of France
Sportspeople from Nice
World Figure Skating Championships medalists
World Junior Figure Skating Championships medalists
Goodwill Games medalists in figure skating
Hidden categories:
CS1 French-language sources (fr)
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from February 2018
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
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Orange Is the New Black (season 5)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Orange Is the New Black (season 5)
Promotional poster
Starring
Taylor Schilling
Natasha Lyonne
Uzo Aduba
Danielle Brooks
Jackie Cruz
Lea DeLaria
Michael Harney
Selenis Leyva
Taryn Manning
Adrienne C. Moore
Jessica Pimentel
Dascha Polanco
Elizabeth Rodriguez
Nick Sandow
Yael Stone
Kate Mulgrew
Laura Prepon
Country of origin
United States
No. of episodes
13
Release
Original network
Netflix
Original release
June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
Season chronology
← Previous
Season 4
Next →
Season 6
List of Orange Is the New Black episodes
The fifth season of the American comedy-drama television series Orange Is the New Black premiered on Netflix on June 9, 2017, at 12:00 am PST in multiple countries. It consists of thirteen episodes, each between 51–60 minutes. The series is based on Piper Kerman's memoir, Orange Is the New Black: My Year in a Women's Prison (2010), about her experiences at FCI Danbury, a minimum-security federal prison. The series is created and adapted for television by Jenji Kohan.
Contents
1 Episodes
2 Cast and characters
2.1 Main cast
2.2 Special guest stars
2.3 Recurring cast
2.3.1 Inmates
2.3.2 Staff
2.3.3 Others
3 Production
3.1 Cyberhack
4 Reception
4.1 Critical reception
5 References
6 External links
Episodes[edit]
See also: List of Orange Is the New Black episodes
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Featured character(s)
Original release date
53
1 "Riot FOMO" Andrew McCarthy Jenji Kohan none June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
Litchfield Prison erupts into a riot when the inmates are not satisfied with Caputo's handling of Poussey's death. Daya shoots CO Thomas Humphrey in the thigh after he begins begging for his life in Spanish, a language she does not speak. His life is eventually saved by Sophia, who has paramedic training from her days as a firefighter. Piper and Alex try to take Linda hostage, but then feel bad for her and help her disguise herself as an inmate. Taystee, Black Cindy, Janae and Alison force Caputo to read a statement about Poussey's death, which Taystee records on an iPad. Josh, a PR representative from MCC who was visiting Caputo, helps her upload it to Twitter, since he thinks the story of a renegade CO reflects better on the company than out-of-control inmates.
54
2 "Fuck, Marry, Frieda" Constantine Makris Jordan Harrison Frieda June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
The prison stays under control of the inmates, who are holding several corrections officers hostage. The Hispanics force the COs to strip down to their underwear in front of a packed chapel. The video of Caputo, meant to spark outrage, instead gets mocked with memes featuring the hashtag #BlackLattesMatter because Cindy is shown drinking a latte. Humphrey, who suffered major blood loss, has a stroke in the prison infirmary, which is staffed by only a nurse. Daya, nearing an emotional breakdown worrying over her future, claims she lost the gun, while CO Artesian McCullough suspects the gun is gone. Taystee uploads a photo of all the COs, plus Caputo, in their underwear. It is revealed that Frieda has a secret "bunker" built out of an unused pool that was never filled in, also stocked with food she has hoarded.
Flashback: Frieda's life as a child during the Cuban Missile Crisis reveals her father was paranoid about the Soviet Union and a nuclear war, and had an underground bunker in the woods, also stocked with food and weapons.
55
3 "Pissters!" Phil Abraham Rebecca Angelo & Lauren Schuker Blum Linda June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
Worried over the public backlash—and celebrity chef Judy King—MCC decides to give in to the inmates and meet their demands. Linda tries to fit in with the inmates, but is shocked at the substandard conditions of the prison. Piper and Alex, looking at Linda's phone, are shocked to find photos of her kissing Caputo. The inmates work together to compile a list of demands, which includes reinstating the GED program, better healthcare, amnesty for the inmates involved in the riot, the arrest of CO Bayley for Poussey's death, and Flaming Hot Cheetos. Bayley, meanwhile, goes to the police station and tries to confess murder, but the police dismiss him as a drunk veteran back from the Iraq War with PTSD and put him in the drunk tank. A frightened Judy King, a victim of a random pantsing by meth heads Angie and Leanne, attempts to escape but is attacked by the white supremacists. The COs, locked in a room, plot to regain control of the prison after Artesian's tip that the inmates do not have the gun anymore. As they prepare to attack the inmates, Caputo sees Linda among them.
Flashback: Linda's college days in a sorority in the 1990s show that while at a party, she left her drunk friend outside in the snow and she ended up freezing to death.
56
4 "Litchfield's Got Talent" Nick Sandow Josh Koenigsberg, Jenji Kohan & Tara Herrmann Alison June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
The COs, who are preparing to attack once they are brought food, abort the mission on Caputo's command. Meth heads Angie and Leanne try to pants Gloria, and the gun falls to the crowd, which they recover. High, they want the COs to perform a talent show for their enjoyment. The "talents" include singing from CO Dixon; a Mormon-themed magic show from CO Blake; an Italian monologue from Josh; and a strip show from CO Stratman. Leanne declares Josh the winner merely because he is the prettiest. Suzanne, who believes Poussey's spirit is still where she died, sets up a shrine on the spot of her death and organizes a séance. Blanca and Red, high on amphetamines that Blanca claimed were vitamins, raid the administrative files looking for dirt on the COs. They discover that Piscatella was transferred to Litchfield from a male prison after the death of an inmate, who was discovered in the shower with burns on 80% of his body. Judy King is tied to a board, crucifixion-style, by the white supremacists, who think she has a stash of food. She lies to them and says she is expecting a drop of supplies on the roof of the prison from a helicopter. They go up to the roof and realizing she lied, they try to throw her off, and she faints. Then, a helicopter arrives, but it is a news helicopter carrying cameramen, who take photos and record Judy tied up and unconscious.
Flashback: Alison persuades her husband to accept a polygamous lifestyle because she feels overwhelmed by the time constraints of the housework and raising their daughter, Farah. Then, another woman, Sahar, moves in, but Alison gets jealous.
57
5 "Sing It, White Effie" Phil Abraham Molly Smith Metzler Watson June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
Video of Judy King is widely misreported as a terrorist attack against Christians, as the white supremacists had their heads covered and are mistaken for Muslims. The governor is livid about MCC's passive stance and sends his own team to Litchfield. On the outside, Aleida struggles to find employment. Gloria calls her but is unable to tell her about Daya. Janae, Alison, Black Cindy and Taystee free Judy in order to stop the disinformation about the situation. They clean her up and have Josh give her talking points, before all four go outside to face the press. Judy begins to give her statement but Taystee interrupts her with an emotional speech about how Judy was kept separately from them because of her wealth and status. She says their fight is not with Judy but with the system that punishes poor and black people. Meanwhile, Angie and Leanne find Charlie Coates in the laundry room after he had been with Pennsatucky. They plan to take him hostage but Pennsatucky grabs the gun from Angie's waistband. She throws the gun to Charlie and it accidentally fires, shooting Leanne in the finger. Charlie uses the weapon to escape the prison and goes outside, where the CERT greets him with guns drawn; then, he faints.
Flashback: A teenaged Watson tours an elite prep school and is mesmerized by the wealth and depth of education. She witnesses a rehearsal for the school's (all-white) production of Dreamgirls and is shocked by a white girl in an Afro wig performing "And I Am Telling You I'm Not Going." Returning to her school, she is discouraged by her poor conditions and develops a negative attitude.
58
6 "Flaming Hot Cheetos, Literally" Andrew McCarthy Lauren Morelli Taystee June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
The inmates organize a mock trial for Pennsatucky, with Big Boo acting as her representative. Using Saved by the Bell episodes, Big Boo casts doubt on Angie's credibility, and Pennsatucky is given community service as a sentence. Aleida appears on the local news to talk about Litchfield, but it is a disaster. Morello has sex with Nicky and realizes she is pregnant. The inmates receive boxes of Flaming Hot Cheetos and tampons from the governor, who wants them to release the hostages. They refuse to do so until the rest of their demands are met. Then, they have a bonfire of Cheetos in front of the press.
Flashback: Taystee celebrates her 18th birthday in a group home. She meets her birth mother, who was 15 when she first got pregnant. Her mother now has a husband and a young daughter and does not want to tell them about Taystee. Then, Taystee, who mistakenly believed she was going to go live with her mother, runs away from the group home.
59
7 "Full Bush, Half Snickers" Uta Briesewitz Anthony Natoli none June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
Morello's husband leaves her after she announces her pregnancy. The imprisoned guards are forced to clean bunks. Poussey's friends try to think of the best way to honor her memory; Soso wants it to be something Poussey herself would have wanted, and they reinvigorate the library by putting books all over the prison. Red, with help from Blanca, tries to entice Piscatella into the prison. Linda has sex with Big Boo. Red tries to guess Humphrey's smartphone password, and cuts off his fingertip to access it using his thumbprint. Another riot breaks out, but this time it is because the inmates are out of coffee.
60
8 "Tied to the Tracks" Michael Trim Carolina Paiz Daya June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
Red and Blanca send text messages from Humphrey's phone to Piscatella claiming the inmates are not armed anymore and encouraging him to break into the prison via a window at night. He takes the information to the CERT, who blow him off. Aleida does a live TV interview with Meredith Vieira and Judy King, who breaks the news about Humphrey being shot. She does not remember the shooter's name but describes Daya, leaving Aleida in shock. The news reaches Piscatella, who is mocked by the CERT members. Figueroa returns to the prison, this time as a negotiator for MCC. She claims they cannot afford to meet the inmates' demands, but Taystee—who has done her research via the Internet and Caputo's files—shuts her down. However, once Figueroa receives a phone call about Humphrey, she says amnesty for all the inmates is off the table. After a discussion with Piper and others, Taystee agrees to hand over Daya, who first calls Mendez's mother to ask her to adopt her daughter out of foster care and asks her to give the child some space due to Aleida's control she received when she was younger. Gloria learns that her son is in the ICU after being severely beaten. Piscatella, after texting "Humphrey" that he was going to stand down, enters the prison after dark instead.
Flashback: A 14-year-old Daya pursues a boy based on her mother's insistence, despite her best friend's feelings for him. Daya ends up rejected by the boy and dumped by her friend.
61
9 "The Tightening" Erin Feeley Jordan Harrison Red June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
Red, coming down from her drug high, is nursed by Nicky, who thinks her warnings about Piscatella being in the prison are hallucinations. Piscatella, in full riot gear, attacks Blanca in a utility room, where she had gone to set a boobytrap in case he showed up anyway. Inmates begin disappearing one by one, including Nicky and Boo, but nobody believes Red. Gloria begs Caputo—locked in a Porta-Potty—to let her out on furlough to see her son, but Caputo says he cannot help her until she lets the hostages go. After Boo disappears, Linda desperately seeks out Caputo, who was let out to back up the inmates' claim of slave labor to Figueroa. Zirconia, who had turned Linda's high heels into shivs after Piper and Alex first found her, recognizes her as a hostage, but Linda runs away with one of the shoe shivs. Morello, hurt by Nicky's comments that her pregnancy is all in her head, convinces Suzanne to stop taking her psych medicine. Red finds Frieda's map to the "bunker" in her cooking book and discovers Piscatella prisoners on her way there by accident. However, while trying to free them, Piscatella arrives.
Flashback: In the late 1970s, Red is a young woman in the Soviet Union working a menial factory job. Her rebellious friend Nadezhda introduces her to the world of underground discos and black-market Levi's jeans, but Nadezhda soon vanishes. Red's ex-boyfriend, Dmitri—whom she had dumped for being too dull—proposes they lie about being Jewish in order to escape to the United States, as Jews were being allowed to immigrate to countries other than Israel.
62
10 "The Reverse Midas Touch" Laura Prepon Rebecca Angelo & Lauren Schuker Blum Piscatella June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
Piscatella has Red, Piper, Alex and other inmates tied up in a room, where he uses a knife to cut off Red's hair. Piper gets the duct tape off her mouth and yells for help, which is heard by Gina, who is holed up playing cards in Frieda's basement "bunker" with Yoga Jones, Anita and other inmates. The entrance to the room they are in leads to where Piscatella is. Gloria tries to free the prison guards but is interrupted. Maureen, who has still not recovered from the beating, is found delirious in the bathroom by Suzanne, who takes her to the infirmary. Suzanne, by now in a psychotic state, finds Humphrey dead. Gina lures Piscatella into the basement, where Frieda knocks him out with a homemade poison dart.
Flashback: At his earlier job as CO in a male prison, Piscatella, then soft at heart, and inmate Driscoll are having an affair. Driscoll is supportive and loving of Piscatella, whose mother had hoped to "fix" him. Another inmate, Resado, spies on them together in the kitchen, and later, he and other inmates beat and rape Driscoll in a bathroom. Piscatella handcuffs Resado to the shower and leaves him under scalding hot water to die.
63
11 "Breaking the Fiberboard Ceiling" Wendey Stanzler Lauren Morelli none June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
The inmates drag the unconscious Piscatella into Frieda's "bunker", where they argue about what should be done. Once Red says she wants revenge, they end up tying her up too, which makes her despair that Piscatella will never see justice. Gina reveals she recorded a video of Piscatella brutally breaking Alex's arm, and they post it on the Internet. Gloria, desperate to see her son in the hospital, tries sneaking each of the hostage guards outside one at a time while the other inmates, including Ouija, get high on drugs. Claiming she is going to teach them a lesson, she drags them out and locks them in the Porta-Pottys. Taystee, after 12 hours of trying to get Figueroa to see the benefits of improving prison conditions, discovers she truly has a knack for advocacy. Boo continues her romance with Linda, but is crushed when she sees a photo of her with Caputo on her phone and discovers her whole story is a lie. Suzanne goes into a psychotic break, but Morello, in the dispensary, refuses to say what medicine Suzanne takes; she is overpowered by Cindy, who takes a bottle of lithium that she believes to help calm people down. Morello finds a pregnancy test and takes it, confirming her suspicion that she is pregnant. As her unconscious son is taken to have a brain surgery, Gloria confesses her plan to Maria, who gives her full support; Maria says she always thinks of her little girl and understands that parents would do anything for their children. Gloria sneaks Luschek, the final guard, outside, but discovers that her plan of delivering the guards to Caputo has been dashed when she sees that there is a hole in the fence and the guards have escaped. Gloria breaks down and tries to escape through the hole, crying about her son, which makes the other inmates realize what she had been planning.
64
12 "Tattoo You" Mark A. Burley Tara Herrmann & Carolina Paiz Piper & Alex June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
The guards—except Luschek—are led to the MCC management, but are led by Maria, who wants to get out to see her little girl. Maria explains the "deal" to shorten her sentence if she lets the guards go, but is told by a state employee that that is not possible. The MCC learns that it was not Taystee who sent out the guards as part of an acceptance of the negotiation, and decide to send the CERT in to end the riot. Morello shows half a dozen positive pregnancy tests to a stunned Nicky, who calls her husband and convinces him to take responsibility. Linda makes excuses to Big Boo, telling her that she now understands the inmates are not living in a decent environment, but Big Boo is unmoved and demands Linda send her US$5,000 via PayPal to keep the secret of her affair with Caputo. A distraught Bayley travels by bus to meet Poussey's father and confess that her death was his fault. Her father angrily tells him that he is not going to give Bayley the peace he seeks by forgiving him, nor punish him by beating him, and that his punishment will be having to live the rest of his life with what he has done—which is a better fate, he says, than the fate Poussey got. Pennsatucky escapes from the prison via the hole in the fence and breaks into Charlie's cabin. In Frieda's "bunker", Piper proposes to Alex, who says yes. Taystee discovers the guards escaped and tries to go to the prison doors to talk to the CERT officers, but it is too late as they immediately swarm Litchfield.
Flashback: Piper and her then-boyfriend, Larry Bloom, get tattoos. She later drunk dials Alex, saying that she is still on her mind and misses her.
65
13 "Storm-y Weather" Jesse Peretz Lauren Morelli none June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
Dozens of CERT members in riot gear break down the prison doors, with smoke bombs, stun guns and batons in hand, causing pandemonium as they handcuff all the inmates. The CERT members discover the dead Humphrey, and escalate their tactics to "by any means necessary." Black Cindy and Taystee panic as Suzanne is unconscious from the lithium. They eventually get help from Nicky, who takes them down to Frieda's hiding place, where they inject her with the only thing they can find, an epi-pen, which finally revives Suzanne. Angie and Leanne burn all the prison records to erase their history of infractions. Deciding not to go down without a fight, Ouija, Pidge and the white supremacists barricade themselves inside a dorm and manage to injure some of the CERT members with booby traps before being restrained. The inmates are led outside in handcuffs in front of a crowd of families and the press. Maritza and Flaca are thrilled to see rabid fans of their beauty tutorials on the Internet cheering for them. Linda tries to tell an officer she is from MCC, but she is ignored after Big Boo and other inmates mock her by also claiming the same thing. The count of the inmates leaves them 10 short, and Caputo tells them about the old pool that Figueroa never got filled. The CERT chief assumes the fact that the remaining inmates are hiding "strategically" means they are planning an offensive against the officers, and says that the governor has already approved any casualties necessary. Pennsatucky and Charlie watch TV together inside his cabin. Nicky brings Taystee, Black Cindy and Suzanne to Frieda's "bunker", where Taystee is shocked to see Piscatella tied up. She takes Frieda's gun and points it at him, telling him he is to blame for Poussey's death. Instead of killing him, she breaks down crying. Red, surprisingly, releases Piscatella and tells him to leave without touching anyone. Piscatella slowly walks out into one of the prison halls, only to be shot and killed by an inexperienced CERT officer, who did not recognize him through the smokebombs. As night falls, the inmates outside are loaded onto buses and figure they are headed to new prisons; Flaca and Maritza are separated. In the "bunker", the remaining inmates—Alex, Piper, Taystee, Nicky, Red, Black Cindy, Frieda, Suzanne, Blanca, and Gloria—link arms as the CERT blows the doors off.
Cast and characters[edit]
Main article: List of Orange Is the New Black characters
Main cast[edit]
Taylor Schilling as Piper Chapman, inmate
Natasha Lyonne as Nicky Nichols, inmate
Uzo Aduba as Suzanne "Crazy Eyes" Warren, inmate
Danielle Brooks as Tasha "Taystee" Jefferson, inmate
Jackie Cruz as Marisol "Flaca" Gonzales, inmate
Lea DeLaria as Carrie "Big Boo" Black, inmate
Michael Harney as Sam Healy, correctional officer[a]
Selenis Leyva as Gloria Mendoza, inmate
Taryn Manning as Tiffany "Pennsatucky" Doggett, inmate
Adrienne C. Moore as Cindy "Black Cindy" Hayes, inmate
Jessica Pimentel as Maria Ruiz, inmate
Dascha Polanco as Dayanara "Daya" Diaz, inmate
Elizabeth Rodriguez as Aleida Diaz, former inmate
Nick Sandow as Joe Caputo, warden
Yael Stone as Lorna Morello, inmate
Kate Mulgrew as Galina "Red" Reznikov, inmate
Laura Prepon as Alex Vause, inmate
Jump up ^ Michael J. Harney was credited as main cast for season 5 but did not make a single appearance.
Special guest stars[edit]
Jason Biggs as Larry Bloom
Samira Wiley as Poussey Washington
Recurring cast[edit]
Main article: List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters
Inmates[edit]
Laverne Cox as Sophia Burset
Annie Golden as Norma Romano
Laura Gómez as Blanca Flores
Diane Guerrero as Maritza Ramos
Vicky Jeudy as Janae Watson
Julie Lake as Angie Rice
Emma Myles as Leanne Taylor
Abigail Savage as Gina Murphy
Constance Shulman as Erica "Yoga" Jones
Lori Tan Chinn as Mei Chang
Tamara Torres as Gerrman "Weeping Woman"
Lin Tucci as Anita DeMarco
Kimiko Glenn as Brook Soso
Dale Soules as Frieda Berlin
Emily Althaus as Maureen Kukudio
Blair Brown as Judy King
Rosal Colon as Carmen "Ouija" Aziza
Francesca Curran as Helen Van Maele
Daniella De Jesus as Irene "Zirconia" Cabrera
Asia Kate Dillon as Brandy Epps
Shannon Esper as Alana Dwight
Arianda Fernandez as Michelle Carreras
Kelly Karbacz as Kasey Sankey
Miriam Morales as Ramona "Pidge" Contreras
Jolene Purdy as Stephanie Hapakuka
Amanda Stephen as Alison Abdullah
Staff
Catherine Curtin as Wanda Bell
Joel Marsh Garland as Scott O'Neill
Matt Peters as Joel Luschek
Alysia Reiner as Natalie "Fig" Figueroa
Alan Aisenberg as Baxter "Gerber" Bayley
Beth Dover as Linda Ferguson / "Amelia Von Barlow"
Jimmy Gary Jr. as Felix Rikerson
James McMenamin as Charlie "Donuts" Coates
Nick Dillenburg as Ryder Blake
Evan Arthur Hall as Stratman
Mike Houston as Lee Dixon
Brad William Henke as Desi Piscatella
John Palladino as Josh
Emily Tarver as Artesian McCullough
Michael Torpey as Thomas "Humps" Humphrey
Others
Berto Colon as Cesar
Deborah Rush as Carol Chapman
Ian Paola as Yadriel
John Magaro as Vince Muccio
Mary Steenburgen as Delia Powell-Mendez (guest)
Production[edit]
In February 2016, the series was renewed for a fifth, sixth, and seventh season.[1] The fifth season was released on June 9, 2017.[2]
Cyberhack[edit]
In April 2017, it was reported that a cybercriminal had stolen the first ten episodes of the fifth season in a security breach of a post-production company. Netflix failed to respond to ransom demands, and the cybercriminal leaked the episodes online. Netflix confirmed the security breach and an ongoing investigation by federal law enforcement.[3][4] Multichannel News reported that demand for the series significantly increased over the seven-day period following the leak of the episodes. It was also said that the leak would likely cause a decrease in demand for the fifth season when Netflix releases it in June.[5]
Reception[edit]
Critical reception[edit]
The fifth season has received "generally favorable reviews".[6] On Metacritic, it has a score of 67 out of 100 based on 20 reviews.[6] On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a 76% rating with an average score of 7.47 out of 10 based on 33 reviews.[7]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Littleton, Cynthia (February 5, 2016). "'Orange Is the New Black' Renewed For 3 Seasons By Netflix". Variety. Retrieved February 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ Schwartz, Ryan (February 8, 2017). "Orange Is the New Black Season 5 Set for June Release at Netflix". TVLine. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Hacker Releases New Episodes of 'Orange Is the New Black". The Hollywood Reporter. Associated Press. April 28, 2017. Retrieved April 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ Perlroth, Nicole; Haag, Matthew (April 29, 2017). "Hacker Leaks Episodes From Netflix Show and Threatens Other Networks". The New York Times. Retrieved April 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ Baumgartner, Jeff (May 10, 2017). "Demand for 'Orange Is the New Black' Spiked Following Hack". Multichannel News. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Orange Is the New Black: Season 5". Metacritic. 2017. Retrieved June 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Orange Is the New Black: Season 5". Rotten Tomatoes. 2017. Retrieved June 10, 2017.
External links[edit]
Official website
Orange Is the New Black on IMDb
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Crazy Eyes
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Miss Rosa
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Related
Piper Kerman
Orange Is the New Black: My Year in a Women's Prison
"You've Got Time"
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Female reproductive system
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about the reproductive system in human females. For the reproductive system in human males, see human male reproductive system. For the female reproductive systems of other animals, see reproductive system.
Female reproductive system (human)
A pictorial illustration of the female reproductive system.
Details
Identifiers
Latin
systema genitale femininum
MeSH
D005836
TA
A09.1.00.001
FMA
45663
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
The female reproductive system is made up of the internal and external sex organs that function in reproduction of new offspring. In the human the female reproductive system is immature at birth and develops to maturity at puberty to be able to produce gametes, and to carry a fetus to full term. The internal sex organs are the uterus, Fallopian tubes, and ovaries. The uterus or womb accommodates the embryo which develops into the fetus. The uterus also produces vaginal and uterine secretions which help the transit of sperm to the Fallopian tubes. The ovaries produce the ova (egg cells). The external sex organs are also known as the genitals and these are the organs of the vulva including the labia, clitoris, and vaginal opening. The vagina is connected to the uterus at the cervix.[1]
At certain intervals, the ovaries release an ovum, which passes through the Fallopian tube into the uterus. If, in this transit, it meets with sperm, a single sperm can enter and merge with the egg, fertilizing it.
Fertilization usually occurs in the Fallopian tubes and marks the beginning of embryogenesis. The zygote will then divide over enough generations of cells to form a blastocyst, which implants itself in the wall of the uterus. This begins the period of gestation and the embryo will continue to develop until full-term. When the fetus has developed enough to survive outside the uterus, the cervix dilates and contractions of the uterus propel the newborn through the birth canal (the vagina).
The corresponding equivalent among males is the male reproductive system.
Contents
1 Vulva
2 Internal organs
2.1 Vagina
2.2 Cervix
2.3 Uterus
2.4 Fallopian tube
2.5 Ovaries
3 Physiology
4 Development
5 Clinical significance
5.1 Vaginitis
5.2 Bacterial vaginosis
5.3 Yeast infection
5.4 Genital mutilation
5.5 Genital surgery
6 Reproductive rights
7 History
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
Vulva[edit]
Main article: Vulva
The vulva consists of all of the external parts and tissues and includes the mons pubis, pudendal cleft, labia majora, labia minora, Bartholin's glands, clitoris, and vaginal opening.
Internal organs[edit]
Sagittal MRI showing the location of the vagina, cervix, and uterus
Illustration depicting female reproductive system (sagittal view)
Frontal view as scheme of reproductive organs
The female internal reproductive organs are the vagina, uterus, Fallopian tubes, and ovaries.
Vagina[edit]
Main article: Vagina
The vagina is a fibromuscular (made up of fibrous and muscular tissue) canal leading from the outside of the body to the cervix of the uterus or womb. It is also referred to as the birth canal in the context of pregnancy. The vagina accommodates the male penis during sexual intercourse. Semen containing spermatozoa is ejaculated from the male at orgasm, into the vagina potentially enabling fertilization of the egg cell (ovum) to take place.
Cervix[edit]
Main article: Cervix
The cervix is the neck of the uterus, the lower, narrow portion where it joins with the upper part of the vagina. It is cylindrical or conical in shape and protrudes through the upper anterior vaginal wall. Approximately half its length is visible, the remainder lies above the vagina beyond view. The vagina has a thick layer outside and it is the opening where the fetus emerges during delivery.
Uterus[edit]
Main article: Uterus
The uterus or womb is the major female reproductive organ. The uterus provides mechanical protection, nutritional support, and waste removal for the developing embryo (weeks 1 to 8) and fetus (from week 9 until the delivery). In addition, contractions in the muscular wall of the uterus are important in pushing out the fetus at the time of birth.
The uterus contains three suspensory ligaments that help stabilize the position of the uterus and limits its range of movement. The uterosacral ligaments keep the body from moving inferiorly and anteriorly. The round ligaments restrict posterior movement of the uterus. The cardinal ligaments also prevent the inferior movement of the uterus.
The uterus is a pear-shaped muscular organ. Its major function is to accept a fertilized ovum which becomes implanted into the endometrium, and derives nourishment from blood vessels which develop exclusively for this purpose. The fertilized ovum becomes an embryo, develops into a fetus and gestates until childbirth. If the egg does not embed in the wall of the uterus, a female begins menstruation.
Fallopian tube[edit]
Main article: Fallopian tube
The Fallopian tubes are two tubes leading from the ovaries into the uterus. On maturity of an ovum, the follicle and the ovary's wall rupture, allowing the ovum to escape and enter the Fallopian tube. There it travels toward the uterus, pushed along by movements of cilia on the inner lining of the tubes. This trip takes hours or days. If the ovum is fertilized while in the Fallopian tube, then it normally implants in the endometrium when it reaches the uterus, which signals the beginning of pregnancy.
Ovaries[edit]
Main article: Ovary
The ovaries are small, paired organs located near the lateral walls of the pelvic cavity. These organs are responsible for the production of the egg cells (ova) and the secretion of hormones. The process by which the egg cell (ovum) is released is called ovulation. The speed of ovulation is periodic and impacts directly to the length of a menstrual cycle.
After ovulation, the egg cell is captured by the Fallopian tube, after traveling down the Fallopian tube to the uterus, occasionally being fertilized on its way by an incoming sperm. During fertilization the egg cell plays a role; it releases certain molecules that are essential to guiding the sperm and allows the surface of the egg to attach to the sperm's surface. The egg can then absorb the sperm and fertilization can then begin.[citation needed] The Fallopian tubes are lined with small hairs (cilia) to help the egg cell travel.
Physiology[edit]
The reproductive tract (or genital tract) is the lumen that starts as a single pathway through the vagina, splitting up into two lumens in the uterus, both of which continue through the Fallopian tubes, and ending at the distal ostia that open into the abdominal cavity.
In the absence of fertilization, the ovum will eventually traverse the entire reproductive tract from the fallopian tube until exiting the vagina through menstruation.
The reproductive tract can be used for various transluminal procedures such as fertiloscopy, intrauterine insemination, and transluminal sterilization.
Development[edit]
Main article: Development of the reproductive system
Chromosome characteristics determine the genetic sex of a fetus at conception. This is specifically based on the 23rd pair of chromosomes that is inherited. Since the mother's egg contains an X chromosome and the father's sperm contains either an X or Y chromosome, it is the male who determines the fetus's sex. If the fetus inherits the X chromosome from the father, the fetus will be a female. In this case, testosterone is not made and the Wolffian duct will degrade thus, the Müllerian duct will develop into female sex organs. The clitoris is the remnants of the Wolffian duct. On the other hand, if the fetus inherits the Y chromosome from the father, the fetus will be a male. The presence of testosterone will stimulate the Wolffian duct which will bring about the development of the male sex organs and the Müllerian duct will degrade.[2]
Clinical significance[edit]
Further information: Vulva disease
Vaginitis[edit]
Vaginitis is inflammation of the vagina and largely caused by an infection. It is the most common gynaecological condition presented. It is difficult to determine any one organism most responsible for vaginitis because it varies from range of age, sexual activity, and method of microbial identification. Vaginitis is not necessarily caused by a sexually transmitted infection as there are many infectious agents that make use of the close proximity to mucous membranes and secretions. Vaginitis is usually diagnosed based on the presence of vaginal discharge, which can have a certain color, odor, or quality.[3]
Bacterial vaginosis[edit]
Main article: Bacterial vaginosis
This is a vaginal infection in women. It differs from vaginitis in that there is no inflammation. Bacterial vaginosis is polymicrobial, consisting of many bacteria species. The diagnosis for bacterial vaginosis is made if three of the following four criteria are present: (1) Homogenous, thin discharge, (2) a pH of 4.5 in the vagina, (3) epithelial cells in the vagina with bacteria attached to them, or (4) a fishy odor. It has been associated with an increased risk of other genital tract infections such as endometritis.[3]
Yeast infection[edit]
Main article: Vaginal yeast infection
This is a common cause of vaginal irritation and according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at least 75% of adult women have experienced one at least once in their lifetime. Yeast infections are caused by an overgrowth of fungus in the vagina known as Candida. Yeast infections are usually caused by an imbalance of the pH in the vagina, which is usually acidic. Other factors such as pregnancy, diabetes, weakened immune systems, tight fitting clothing, or douching can also be a cause. Symptoms of yeast infections include itching, burning, irritation, and a white cottage-cheese-like discharge from the vagina. Women have also reported that they experience painful intercourse and urination as well. Taking a sample of the vaginal secretions and placing them under a microscope for evidence of yeast can diagnose a yeast infection. Treatment varies from creams that can be applied in or around the vaginal area to oral tablets that stop the growth of fungus.[3]
Genital mutilation[edit]
Main article: Female genital mutilation
There are many practices of mutilating female genitalia in different cultures. The most common two types of genital mutilation practiced are clitoridectomy, the circumcision of the clitoris and the excision of the prepuce the skin around the clitoris. They can all involve a range of adverse health consequences such as bleeding, irreparable tissue damage, and sepsis which can sometimes prove fatal.
Genital surgery[edit]
Main article: Genitoplasty
Genitoplasty refers to surgery that is carried out to repair damaged sex organs particularly following cancer and its treatment. There are also elective surgical procedures which change the appearance of the external genitals.
Reproductive rights[edit]
The International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics was founded in 1954 to promote the well-being of women particularly in raising the standards of gynaecological practice and care. As of 2010 there were 124 countries involved.
Reproductive rights are legal rights related to reproduction and reproductive health. Women have the right to control matters involving their sexuality including their sexual and reproductive health. Violation of these rights include forced pregnancy, forced sterilization, forced abortion and genital mutilation. Female genital mutilation is the complete or partial removal of a female's external genitals.
History[edit]
It is claimed in the Hippocratic writings that both males and females contribute their seed to conception; otherwise, children would not resemble either or both of their parents. Four-hundred years later, Galen "identified" the source of 'female semen' as the ovaries in female reproductive organs.[4]
See also[edit]
Conception
Development of the reproductive system
Evolution of sexual reproduction
Female infertility
Oogenesis
Human sexuality#Female anatomy and reproductive system
Orgasm#In females
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Mahadevan, Harold Ellis, Vishy (2013). Clinical anatomy applied anatomy for students and junior doctors (13th ed.). Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 9781118373767.
Jump up ^ "Details of genital development". Retrieved August 6, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c Zaino, Nucci, & Kurman, Richard, Marisa, & Robert. "Diseas of the Vagina". CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ Anwar, Etin. "The Transmission of Generative Self and Women's Contribution to Conception." Gender and Self in Islam. London: Routledge, 2006. 75. Print.
External links[edit]
The Wikibook Human Physiology has a page on the topic of: The female reproductive system
Female reproductive system
Interactive diagram of female reproductive system
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v
t
e
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