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FIFA World Cup awards
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This article is about the men's senior tournament. For the women's tournament, see FIFA Women's World Cup awards.
At the end of each FIFA World Cup final tournament, several awards are presented to the players and teams which have distinguished themselves in various aspects of the game.
Contents
1 Awards
2 Golden Ball
3 Golden Boot
4 Golden Glove
5 Best Young Player Award
6 FIFA Fair Play Trophy
7 Man of the Match
8 Most Entertaining Team
9 All-Star Team
10 Goal of the Tournament
11 References
12 External links
Awards[edit]
There are currently five post-tournament awards, and one given during the tournament:[1]
the Golden Ball (currently commercially termed "adidas Golden Ball") for best player, first awarded in 1982;
the Golden Boot (currently commercially termed "adidas Golden Boot", previously known as the "adidas Golden Shoe" from 1982 to 2006) for top goal scorer, first awarded in 1982;
the Golden Glove Award (currently commercially termed "adidas Golden Glove"; previously known as the "Lev Yashin Award" from 1994 to 2006) for best goalkeeper, first awarded in 1994;
the Best Young Player (currently commercially termed as "Hyundai Best Young Player") award for best player under 21 years of age at the start of the calendar year, first awarded in 2006;
the FIFA Fair Play Trophy for the team that advanced to the second round with the best record of fair play, first awarded in 1970;
the Man of the Match Award (currently commercially termed as "Budweiser Man of the Match") for outstanding performance during each game of the tournament, first awarded in 2002.
Two other awards were given between 1994 and 2006:[2]
The Most Entertaining Team award for the team that has entertained the public the most, during the World Cup final tournament, as determined by a poll of the general public;
An All-Star Team comprising the best players of the tournament chosen by the technical study group.
Golden Ball[edit]
The Golden Ball award is presented to the best player at each FIFA World Cup finals, with a shortlist drawn up by the FIFA technical committee and the winner voted for by representatives of the media. Those who finish as runners-up in the vote receive the Silver Ball and Bronze Ball awards as the second and third most outstanding players in the tournament respectively. The current award was introduced in the 1982 FIFA World Cup, sponsored by Adidas and France Football, though fifa.com also lists in their player articles as "golden ball winners" Kempes, Cruyff, Pelé, Bobby Charlton, Garrincha and Didi for 1978, 1974, 1970, 1966, 1962 and 1958 respectively.[3] Barcelona is the only club whose players have won the Golden Ball a record 3 times (Johan Cruyff in 1974, Romário in 1994, Lionel Messi in 2014).[4]
Golden Ball[5]
World Cup
Golden Ball
Silver Ball
Bronze Ball
1930 Uruguay José Nasazzi Guillermo Stábile José Leandro Andrade
1934 Italy Giuseppe Meazza Matthias Sindelar Oldřich Nejedlý
1938 France Leônidas Silvio Piola György Sárosi
1950 Brazil Zizinho Juan Alberto Schiaffino Ademir
1954 Switzerland Ferenc Puskás Sándor Kocsis Fritz Walter
1958 Sweden Didi Pelé Just Fontaine
1962 Chile Garrincha Josef Masopust Leonel Sánchez
1966 England Bobby Charlton Bobby Moore Eusébio
1970 Mexico Pelé Gérson Gerd Müller
1974 West Germany Johan Cruyff Franz Beckenbauer Kazimierz Deyna
1978 Argentina Mario Kempes Paolo Rossi Dirceu
1982 Spain Paolo Rossi Falcão Karl-Heinz Rummenigge
1986 Mexico Diego Maradona Harald Schumacher Preben Elkjær Larsen
1990 Italy Salvatore Schillaci Lothar Matthäus Diego Maradona
1994 United States Romario Roberto Baggio Hristo Stoichkov
1998 France Ronaldo Davor Šuker Lilian Thuram
2002 Korea/Japan Oliver Kahn Ronaldo Hong Myung-bo
2006 Germany Zinedine Zidane Fabio Cannavaro Andrea Pirlo
2010 South Africa Diego Forlán Wesley Sneijder David Villa
2014 Brazil Lionel Messi Thomas Müller Arjen Robben
2018 Russia Luka Modrić Eden Hazard Antoine Griezmann
Golden Boot[edit]
The Golden Boot or Golden Shoe Award goes to the top goalscorer of the FIFA World Cup. While every World Cup had a ranking of the goalscorers, the first time an award was given was in 1982,[6] under the name Golden Shoe.[3] It was rechristened Golden Boot in 2010.[7] FIFA sometimes lists the top goalscorers of previous Cups among the Golden Boot winners.[8]
If there is more than one player with the same number of goals, since 1994 the tie-breaker goes to the player without a penalty goal, if none has a penalty then the tie breaker goes to the person with more assists - with the FIFA Technical Study Group deciding whether an assist is to be counted as such.[9][10] If there is still more than one player, the tie-breaker since 2006 goes to the player who has played the least amount of time, which translates to a higher goal average.[11]
Top Goalscorer[12][13]
World Cup
Top goalscorer
Goals
Runners-up
Goals
Third place
Goals
1930 Uruguay Guillermo Stábile 8 Pedro Cea 5 Bert Patenaude 4
1934 Italy Oldřich Nejedlý 5[a] Edmund Conen
Angelo Schiavio 4 None
—
1938 France Leônidas 7[b] György Sárosi
Gyula Zsengellér
Silvio Piola
5
1950 Brazil Ademir 8[c] Óscar Míguez Alcides Ghiggia
Chico
Estanislau Basora
Telmo Zarra 4
1954 Switzerland Sándor Kocsis 11 Josef Hügi
Max Morlock
Erich Probst 6 None
—
1958 Sweden Just Fontaine 13 Pelé
Helmut Rahn
1962 Chile Flórián Albert
Valentin Ivanov
Garrincha
Vavá
Dražan Jerković
Leonel Sánchez 4 None
—
1966 England Eusébio 9 Helmut Haller 6 Valeriy Porkujan
Geoff Hurst
Ferenc Bene
Franz Beckenbauer 4
1970 Mexico Gerd Müller 10 Jairzinho 7 Teófilo Cubillas 5
1974 West Germany Grzegorz Lato 7 Andrzej Szarmach
Johan Neeskens 5 None
1978 Argentina[17] Mario Kempes 6 Teófilo Cubillas Rob Rensenbrink 5
Golden Shoe[8]
World Cup
Golden Shoe
Goals
Silver Shoe
Goals
Bronze Shoe
Goals
1982 Spain Paolo Rossi 6 Karl-Heinz Rummenigge 5 Zico 4
1986 Mexico Gary Lineker Emilio Butragueño
Careca
Diego Maradona None[18]
1990 Italy Salvatore Schillaci Tomáš Skuhravý Roger Milla
Gary Lineker 4
1994 United States Oleg Salenko[d]
Hristo Stoichkov[e] None
—
Kennet Andersson
Romário 5[f]
1998 France[20] Davor Šuker Gabriel Batistuta
Christian Vieri 5 None[g]
2002 South Korea/Japan[21] Ronaldo 8[h] Miroslav Klose
Rivaldo
2006 Germany[23] Miroslav Klose 5 Hernán Crespo 3[i] Ronaldo 3[i]
Golden Boot[8]
World Cup
Golden Boot
Goals
Silver Boot
Goals
Bronze Boot
Goals
2010 South Africa Thomas Müller 5[j] David Villa 5[j] Wesley Sneijder 5[j]
2014 Brazil James Rodríguez 6 Thomas Müller 5 Neymar
4[k]
2018 Russia Harry Kane Antoine Griezmann 4[l] Romelu Lukaku 4[l]
Notes
Jump up ^ FIFA initially credited Nejedlý with only four goals, which would make him joint top scorer with Angelo Schiavio of Italy and Edmund Conen of Germany. However, FIFA changed it to five goals in November 2006, making Nejedlý the outright top scorer.[14]
Jump up ^ FIFA initially credited Leônidas with eight goals. However, in November 2006, FIFA confirmed that in the quarter-final tie against Czechoslovakia, he had scored once, not twice as FIFA had originally recorded, meaning he had scored only seven goals in total.[14]
Jump up ^ There was controversy regarding the number of goals Brazilian Ademir had scored in 1950, as a result of incomplete data concerning the Final Round game Brazil vs. Spain (6–1). The 5–0 goal had been credited to Jair, but is now credited to Ademir.[15][16]
Jump up ^ Salenko is the only player to win the award playing for a team that were eliminated in the group stages. His six goals are the only international goals he ever scored.
Jump up ^ Despite the assist tiebreaker, Salenko and Stoichkov remained tied with 6 goals and one assist each, and both received the Golden Shoe.[9]
Jump up ^ Romário and Andersson surpassed the other two players with five goals (Jürgen Klinsmann and Roberto Baggio) by having three assists each.[9][19]
Jump up ^ Both runners-up had the same number of assists, and each received the Silver Shoe.
Jump up ^ During the tournament, after the group stage match against Costa Rica, Ronaldo logged a protest against the crediting of a goal as an own goal, and FIFA granted him the change.[22]
^ Jump up to: a b Eight players had scored three goals. Ronaldo, Crespo and Zinedine Zidane stood out for having one assist, and then the two recipients were determined by less playtime (308 minutes for Crespo, 411 for Ronaldo, 559 for Zidane).[24]
^ Jump up to: a b c Müller, Villa, Sneijder and Diego Forlán tied with five goals. Müller won by virtue of having more assists (3) than the rest (each had one). Villa won the Silver Boot due to playing fewer minutes than Sneijder, and Sneijder won the Bronze Boot due to having played fewer minutes than Forlán.[25]
Jump up ^ Neymar, Lionel Messi and Robin van Persie all had four goals in the tournament. Neymar received the Bronze Boot for playing fewer minutes than his competitors (480; Messi played 693 minutes, and Van Persie, 548).[26]
^ Jump up to: a b Griezmann, Lukaku, Denis Cheryshev, Cristiano Ronaldo and Kylian Mbappé tied with 4 goals. Griezmann won the Silver Boot by virtue of having more assists (2) than the rest (Lukaku had one, the rest had zero). Lukaku won the Bronze Boot due to having more assists (one) than Cheryshev, Ronaldo or Mbappé (zero).[27]
Golden Glove[edit]
The Golden Glove Award is awarded to the best goalkeeper of the tournament. The award was introduced with the name Lev Yashin Award in 1994, in honor of the late Soviet goalkeeper.[6] The FIFA Technical Study Group recognises the top goalkeeper of the tournament based on the player's performance throughout the final competition. Although goalkeepers have this specific award for their position, they are still eligible for the Golden Ball as well, as when Oliver Kahn was awarded in 2002. In the event of a tie, the Golden Glove Award goes to the goalkeeper who progressed furthest in the competition. The next tiebreakers are saves made, then minutes played.
World Cup
Golden Glove
1994 United States Michel Preud'homme
1998 France Fabien Barthez
2002 Korea/Japan Oliver Kahn
2006 Germany Gianluigi Buffon
2010 South Africa Iker Casillas
2014 Brazil Manuel Neuer
2018 Russia Thibaut Courtois
Although the Golden Glove Award was first awarded in 1994, every All-Star Team in World Cups prior to 1998 except 1990 included only one goalkeeper.
World Cup
All-Star Goalkeeper
1930 Uruguay Enrique Ballestrero
1934 Italy Ricardo Zamora
1938 France František Plánička
1950 Brazil Roque Máspoli
1954 Switzerland Gyula Grosics
1958 Sweden Harry Gregg
1962 Chile Viliam Schrojf
1966 England Gordon Banks
1970 Mexico Ladislao Mazurkiewicz
1974 West Germany Sepp Maier
1978 Argentina Ubaldo Fillol
1982 Spain Dino Zoff
1986 Mexico Jean-Marie Pfaff
1990 Italy Luis Gabelo Conejo
Sergio Goycochea
Best Young Player Award[edit]
The Best Young Player award was awarded for the first time at the 2006 World Cup in Germany and given to Germany's Lukas Podolski.[28] The award is given to the best player in the tournament who is at most 21 years old. For the 2018 World Cup, this meant that the player had to have been born on or after 1 January 1997. The election took place on FIFA's official World Cup website with the help of The FIFA Technical Study Group.[29]
FIFA organised a survey on the Internet for users to choose the "best young player" of the World Cup, between 1958 and 2002, named the best young player of each tournament.[30] With 61% of the overall vote, the winner was Pelé, who finished ahead of the Peruvian Teófilo Cubillas, the best young player at Mexico 1970, and England's Michael Owen, who reached similar heights at France 98.[31]
YPA[32]
World Cup
Best Young Player
Age
1958 Sweden Pelé 17
1962 Chile Flórián Albert 20
1966 England Franz Beckenbauer 20
1970 Mexico Teófilo Cubillas 21
1974 West Germany Władysław Żmuda 20
1978 Argentina Antonio Cabrini
1982 Spain Manuel Amoros 21
1986 Mexico Enzo Scifo 20
1990 Italy Robert Prosinečki 21
1994 United States Marc Overmars
1998 France Michael Owen 18
2002 Korea/Japan Landon Donovan 20
2006 Germany Lukas Podolski[28] 21
2010 South Africa Thomas Müller[33] 20
2014 Brazil Paul Pogba[34] 21
2018 Russia Kylian Mbappé[35] 19
FIFA Fair Play Trophy[edit]
The FIFA Fair Play Trophy is given to the team with the best record of fair play during the World Cup final tournament since 1970. Only teams that qualified for the second round are considered. The winners of this award earn the FIFA Fair Play Trophy, a diploma, a fair play medal for each player and official, and $50,000 worth of football equipment to be used for youth development.[36]
The appearance of the award was originally a certificate. From 1982 to 1990, it had been a golden trophy based on Sport Billy, a football-playing cartoon character from 1982 who became an icon for FIFA Fair play.[37][38] Ever since 1994, it is simply a trophy with an elegant footballer figure.[39] Peru was the first nation to win the award after receiving no yellow or red cards in the 1970 FIFA World Cup held in Mexico.[40]
Peru's FIFA Fair Play trophy award. Peru won the award after receiving no yellow or red cards in the tournament.
World Cup
FIFA Fair Play Trophy Winners
1970 Mexico Peru
1974 West Germany West Germany
1978 Argentina Argentina
1982 Spain Brazil
1986 Mexico Brazil
1990 Italy England
1994 United States Brazil
1998 France England
France
2002 Korea/Japan Belgium
2006 Germany Brazil
Spain
2010 South Africa Spain
2014 Brazil Colombia
2018 Russia Spain
Man of the Match[edit]
The Man of the Match award picks the outstanding player in every game of the tournament since 2002. While the inaugural two editions were chosen by the technical group,[41][42] the Man of the Match is since 2010 picked by an online poll on FIFA's website.[43][44]
World Cup
Most Man of the Match wins
Wins
2002 South Korea/Japan Rivaldo 3
2006 Germany Andrea Pirlo 3
2010 South Africa Wesley Sneijder 4
2014 Brazil Lionel Messi 4
2018 Russia Antoine Griezmann
Eden Hazard
Harry Kane
Luka Modrić 3
Total awards
As of 15 July 2018
Rank
Player
Country
MoM
WC with awards
1
Arjen Robben Netherlands 6 2006, 2010, 2014
Cristiano Ronaldo Portugal 2010, 2014, 2018
Lionel Messi Argentina 2010, 2014, 2018
4
Luis Suárez Uruguay 5 2010, 2014, 2018
5
Eden Hazard Belgium 4 2014, 2018
Keisuke Honda Japan 2010, 2014
James Rodríguez Colombia 2014, 2018
Miroslav Klose Germany 2002, 2006
Park Ji-sung South Korea 2002, 2006, 2010
Thomas Müller Germany 2010, 2014
Wesley Sneijder Netherlands 2010
By Country
As of 15 July 2018
Rank
Country
MoM
Players
1
Brazil 22 14
Germany 12
3
France 17 11
4
Spain 16 10
5
Argentina 15 8
6
England 14 12
7
Mexico 12 10
Netherlands 3
9
South Korea 11 7
Portugal 6
United States 7
Most Entertaining Team[edit]
The FIFA Award for the Most Entertaining Team is a subjectively awarded prize for the team that had done the most to entertain the public with a positive approach to the game, organised through public participation in a poll[6] starting in 1994.[7]
World Cup
Most Entertaining Team Award
1994 United States Brazil[23]
1998 France France[23]
2002 Korea/Japan South Korea[45]
2006 Germany Portugal[46]
2010 South Africa Germany[47]
2014 Brazil Colombia[48]
All-Star Team[edit]
The All-Star Team is a team of the best performers at the respective World Cup finals. The ways in which the FIFA All-Star team members have been chosen has varied from year to year. A technical study group consisting of journalists - mostly from Europe and South America - and experts has historically chosen the team.[49] However, in 1994 FIFA decided to add an official squad, chosen by the FIFA technical group and under the brand name MasterCard All-Star Team.[50] For 1998, 2002 and 2006, substitute and reserve members were also nominated for full 22 and 23-player squads. The All-Star team wound up dropped prior to the 2010 tournament - coincidentally, three years after FIFA changed its sponsorship from MasterCard to Visa.[51]
All Star Team
World Cup
Goalkeepers
Defenders
Midfielders
Forwards
1930 Uruguay
Enrique Ballestrero
José Nasazzi
Milutin Ivković
Luis Monti
Álvaro Gestido
José Leandro Andrade
Pedro Cea
Héctor Castro
Héctor Scarone
Guillermo Stábile
Bert Patenaude
1934 Italy
Ricardo Zamora
Jacinto Quincoces
Eraldo Monzeglio
Luis Monti
Attilio Ferraris
Leonardo Cilaurren
Giuseppe Meazza
Raimundo Orsi
Enrique Guaita
Matthias Sindelar
Oldřich Nejedlý
1938 France
František Plánička
Pietro Rava
Alfredo Foni
Domingos da Guia
Michele Andreolo
Ugo Locatelli
Silvio Piola
Gino Colaussi
György Sárosi
Gyula Zsengellér
Leônidas
1950 Brazil
Roque Máspoli
Erik Nilsson
José Parra
Víctor Rodríguez Andrade
Obdulio Varela
Bauer
Alcides Ghiggia
Jair
Zizinho
Ademir
Juan Alberto Schiaffino
1954 Switzerland
Gyula Grosics
Ernst Ocwirk
Djalma Santos
José Santamaría
Fritz Walter
József Bozsik
Nándor Hidegkuti
Zoltán Czibor
Helmut Rahn
Ferenc Puskás
Sándor Kocsis
1958 Sweden
Harry Gregg
Djalma Santos
Bellini
Nílton Santos
Danny Blanchflower
Didi
Gunnar Gren
Raymond Kopa
Pelé
Garrincha
Just Fontaine
1962 Chile
Viliam Schrojf
Djalma Santos
Cesare Maldini
Valery Voronin
Karl-Heinz Schnellinger
Mário Zagallo
Zito
Josef Masopust
Vavá
Garrincha
Leonel Sánchez
1966 England
Gordon Banks
George Cohen
Bobby Moore
Vicente
Silvio Marzolini
Franz Beckenbauer
Mário Coluna
Bobby Charlton
Flórián Albert
Uwe Seeler
Eusébio
1970 Mexico
Ladislao Mazurkiewicz
Carlos Alberto
Atilio Ancheta
Franz Beckenbauer
Giacinto Facchetti
Gérson
Rivellino
Bobby Charlton
Pelé
Gerd Müller
Jairzinho
1974 West Germany
Sepp Maier
Ruud Krol
Paul Breitner
Elias Figueroa[52]
Franz Beckenbauer
Berti Vogts
Wolfgang Overath
Kazimierz Deyna
Johan Neeskens
Rob Rensenbrink
Johan Cruyff
Grzegorz Lato
1978 Argentina
Ubaldo Fillol
Berti Vogts
Ruud Krol
Daniel Passarella
Alberto Tarantini
Dirceu
Teófilo Cubillas
Rob Rensenbrink
Roberto Bettega
Paolo Rossi
Mario Kempes
1982 Spain
Dino Zoff
Luizinho
Júnior
Claudio Gentile
Fulvio Collovati
Zbigniew Boniek
Falcão
Michel Platini
Zico
Paolo Rossi
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge
1986 Mexico
Jean-Marie Pfaff
Josimar
Manuel Amoros
Júlio César
Jan Ceulemans
Jean Tigana
Michel Platini
Diego Maradona
Preben Elkjær Larsen
Emilio Butragueño
Gary Lineker
1990 Italy
Sergio Goycochea
Luis Gabelo Conejo
Andreas Brehme
Paolo Maldini
Franco Baresi
Diego Maradona
Lothar Matthäus
Dragan Stojković
Paul Gascoigne
Salvatore Schillaci
Roger Milla
Jürgen Klinsmann
MasterCard All Star Team
World Cup
Goalkeepers
Defenders
Midfielders
Forwards
1994 United States[50]
Michel Preud'homme
Jorginho
Márcio Santos
Paolo Maldini
Dunga
Krasimir Balakov
Gheorghe Hagi
Tomas Brolin
Romário
Hristo Stoichkov
Roberto Baggio
1998 France[53](1)
Fabien Barthez
José Luis Chilavert
Roberto Carlos
Marcel Desailly
Lilian Thuram
Frank de Boer
Carlos Gamarra
Dunga
Rivaldo
Michael Laudrup
Zinedine Zidane
Edgar Davids
Ronaldo
Davor Šuker
Brian Laudrup
Dennis Bergkamp
2002 Korea/Japan[54](2)
Oliver Kahn
Rüştü Reçber
Roberto Carlos
Sol Campbell
Fernando Hierro
Hong Myung-bo
Alpay Özalan
Rivaldo
Ronaldinho
Michael Ballack
Claudio Reyna
Yoo Sang-chul
Ronaldo
Miroslav Klose
El Hadji Diouf
Hasan Şaş
2006 Germany[55]
Gianluigi Buffon
Jens Lehmann
Ricardo
Roberto Ayala
John Terry
Lilian Thuram
Philipp Lahm
Fabio Cannavaro
Gianluca Zambrotta
Ricardo Carvalho
Zé Roberto
Patrick Vieira
Zinedine Zidane
Michael Ballack
Andrea Pirlo
Gennaro Gattuso
Luís Figo
Maniche
Hernán Crespo
Thierry Henry
Miroslav Klose
Luca Toni
Francesco Totti
1 In addition to the 16 of the All-Star Team, 6 reserves were listed: Edwin van der Sar, Juan Sebastián Verón, Thierry Henry, Jay-Jay Okocha, Michael Owen, and Christian Vieri.[53]
2 Again there were seven reserves: Iker Casillas, Cafu, Dietmar Hamann, Joaquín, Hidetoshi Nakata, Landon Donovan, and Marc Wilmots.[54]
In 2010, an equivalent of the All Star Team was an online poll to FIFA.com Club members named "Dream Team", sponsored by Yingli.[56] The Dream Team poll returned the following edition sponsored by Oi,[57] and again in 2018 sponsored by Hisense.[58]
Dream Team
World Cup
Goalkeepers
Defenders
Midfielders
Forwards
Manager
2010 South Africa[56]
Iker Casillas
Philipp Lahm
Sergio Ramos
Carles Puyol
Maicon
Xavi
Bastian Schweinsteiger
Wesley Sneijder
Andrés Iniesta
David Villa
Diego Forlán
Vicente del Bosque
2014 Brazil[57]
Manuel Neuer
Marcelo
Mats Hummels
David Luiz
Thiago Silva
Ángel Di María
Toni Kroos
James Rodríguez
Neymar
Thomas Müller
Lionel Messi
Joachim Löw
2018 Russia[59]
Thibaut Courtois
Marcelo
Raphaël Varane
Diego Godín
Thiago Silva
Philippe Coutinho
Luka Modrić
Kevin De Bruyne
Cristiano Ronaldo
Harry Kane
Kylian Mbappé
While FIFA did not release an official list for 2014, official sponsor Castrol published a team of the tournament based on their Castrol Performance Index, which evaluates players' performances through statistical data.[60] Similarly, McDonald's sponsored in 2018 a fantasy football game, whose team of highest-scoring players was published after the tournament.[61]
Castrol Index Top 11
World Cup
Goalkeepers
Defenders
Midfielders
Forwards
2014 Brazil[60]
Manuel Neuer
Marcos Rojo
Mats Hummels
Thiago Silva
Stefan de Vrij
Oscar
Toni Kroos
Philipp Lahm
James Rodríguez
Arjen Robben
Thomas Müller
Fantasy McDonald’s Overall XI
World Cup
Goalkeepers
Defenders
Midfielders
Forwards
2018 Russia[61]
Thibaut Courtois
Andreas Granqvist
Raphaël Varane
Thiago Silva
Yerry Mina
Denis Cheryshev
Philippe Coutinho
Luka Modrić
Harry Kane
Eden Hazard
Antoine Griezmann
Only two players have been named in three separate All-Star teams whose selection only included the starting eleven: Djalma Santos in 1954, 1958 and 1962, Franz Beckenbauer in 1966, 1970 and 1974. Philipp Lahm also achieved it in 2006, 2010 and 2014. However, the 2006 edition listed 23 players and 2014 had two All-Star team listed. Lahm's name has only been in one of these.
21 players have been named in two separate All-Star teams: Luis Monti (1930 and 1934; representing Argentina and Italy respectively); Garrincha (1958 and 1962); Pelé (1958 and 1970); Bobby Charlton (1966 and 1970); Ruud Krol and Rob Rensenbrink (1974 and 1978); Berti Vogts (1974 and 1978); Paolo Rossi (1978 and 1982); Michel Platini (1982 and 1986); Diego Maradona (1986 and 1990); Paolo Maldini (1990 and 1994); Dunga (1994 and 1998); Roberto Carlos, Rivaldo, and Ronaldo (1998 and 2002); Lilian Thuram and Zinedine Zidane (1998 and 2006); Michael Ballack and Miroslav Klose (2002 and 2006); Marcelo and Thiago Silva (2014 and 2018).
Pelé hold the record of the longest time between being named in two separate All-Star teams by 12 years apart (1958 and 1970).
Uruguay in 1930 and 1950, Spain in 2010 and Germany in 2014 are the only teams to have had a player in every position on the All-Star Team. Germany and Italy achieved it in 2006, however, the 2006 edition listed 23 players.
Uruguay in 1930 and Italy in 2006 have the most players selected in the All-Star Team with 7 players each. However, the 1930 selection only had 11 players overall, while the 2006 selection had 23.
37 different Brazilian players have been named in All-Star teams, Brazil is also the nation with most nominations with 44 nominees in every position except goalkeeper.
Only three players frosm North American zone and two from each the African and Asian zones have been named in All-Star teams, Bert Patenaude and Claudio Reyna from the United States in 1930 and 2002, as well as Luis Gabelo Conejo from Costa Rica in 1990, Hong Myung-bo and Yoo Sang-chul of South Korea in 2002 and Roger Milla from Cameroon in 1990 and El Hadji Diouf from Senegal in 2002. Another player from each zone has been named in reserves: Jay-Jay Okocha from Nigeria in 1998, Hidetoshi Nakata from Japan in 2002 and Landon Donovan from the United States in 2006.
Only one player on the victorious 1986 Argentina team, Diego Maradona, was selected in that year's All-Star team.
Uniquely, brothers Brian Laudrup and Michael Laudrup were both selected for the All Star Team from Denmark in 1998.
Similarly, Cesare Maldini and Paolo Maldini are the only father and son players that were both selected for the All Star Team from Italy, in 1962 and 1990, 1994 respectively.
Uniquely, Argentinian compatriots Diego Maradona (1979 and 1986) and Lionel Messi (2005 and 2014) are the only players that won the Golden Ball award at both FIFA World Cup and FIFA World Youth Championship.
Goal of the Tournament[edit]
World Cup
Player
Scored against
Score (1)
Result (1)
Round
Source
2006 Germany Maxi Rodríguez Mexico 2‒1 2‒1 Round of 16 [62]
2010 South Africa Diego Forlán Germany 2‒1 2‒3 3rd place match
2014 Brazil James Rodríguez Uruguay 1‒0 2‒0 Round of 16
2018 Russia Benjamin Pavard Argentina 2‒2 4‒3 Round of 16
(1) First number represents players team, while second number represents opponents team
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "2014 FIFA World Cup: Awards". FIFA.com. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "FIFA eliminates official World Cup All-Star team". USA Today. 21 July 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b 1982 FIFA World Cup Technical Report, page 222: Paolo Rossi wins both adidas/France Football World Cup Trophies
Jump up ^ "Golden Ball winners in World Cup history". SI.com. Retrieved 2018-07-15.
Jump up ^ "World Cup Best Players (Golden Ball)". Topend Sports. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c "FIFA World Cups: Awards" (PDF). FIFA.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 June 2016. Retrieved 2007-06-19.
^ Jump up to: a b "Champions at a Glance". FIFA. p. 14. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c "adidas Golden Shoe - FIFA World Cup™ Final". FIFA.com. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Romario is voted the top player of World Cup '94 and winner of the FIFA/adidas Golden Ball award; Salenko and Stoichkov tie as leading scorers for World Cup USA '94". Business Wire. 17 July 1994. [FIFA] has announced Oleg Salenko (Russia) and Hristo Stoichkov (Bulgaria) as [...] winners of the prestigious adidas Golden Shoe award [...] who made six goals and one assist each. Kennet Andersson (Sweden) with 5 goals and 3 assists, will receive a Bronze replica of the Predator [...] Throughout World Cup '94, three points were awarded for each goal scored and one point for each assist leading to a goal, with a maximum of two assists per goal. Assists are only taken into account if two or more players scored the same number of goals.
Jump up ^ Bryan, Rebecca (11 July 1994). "Football by the numbers". Los Angeles: Agence France Presse. the assist has gained enough ground to earn a place in the calculations for the Golden Boot award, which in every previous World Cup has been awarded solely on the basis of goals scored. Under the formula, players get three points for a goal, and one point for an assist. "We made a two-point difference because we do not want someone who did not score winning the award," a FIFA official said.
Jump up ^ "2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil – Awards – adidas Golden Boot". FIFA.com. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "FIFA World Cup: Statistics" (PDF). FIFA.com. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "2014 FIFA World Cup Technical Report" (PDF). FIFA Technical Group. 2014. p. 177. TOP GOALSCORERS 1930-2014
^ Jump up to: a b "American Bert Patenaude credited with first hat trick in FIFA World Cup history". Fifa.com. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
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Jump up ^ "1994 FIFA World Cup Technical Report" (PDF). FIFA Technical Group. 1994. p. 82. In Kenneth Andersson they had one of the most prolific scorers in their ranks - he was jointly awarded the "Bronze Shoe" for the third best goal-scorer, together with Brazil's Romário.
Jump up ^ "Ronaldo voted Best Player at France 98". FIFA.com. 27 July 1998. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "An unforgettable football festival with several winners". FIFA.com. 31 October 2002. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
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Jump up ^ "Golden consolation for magical Modric". FIFA.com. 15 July 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
Jump up ^ "XXI. Special awards and protocol" (PDF). FIFA. p. 52. Retrieved 19 October 2008.
Jump up ^ David Goldblatt and Jean Will. A History of the World Cup in 24 Objects (PDF). De Montfort University, Leicester. p. 18.
Jump up ^ 1982 Technical Report, page 222: "Sport Billy - the FIFA Fair Play Trophy"
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Jump up ^ "España campeón, del fair play, en Sudáfrica 2010". Peru.com. 14 July 2010. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
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Jump up ^ {{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/worldcup/southafrica2010/news/newsid=31888/ |title=Germany win Most Entertaining Team Award|publisher=FIFA.com|date=22 June 2014 |accessdate=26 June 2014}}
Jump up ^ {{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/worldcup/brasil2014/news/newsid=31888/ |title=Colombia win Most Entertaining Team Award|publisher=FIFA.com|date=22 June 2014 |accessdate=26 June 2014}}
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^ Jump up to: a b "WORLD CUP '94; Romario and Baggio Among First All-Star Cast". The New York Times. 16 July 1994.
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Bibliography
"1982 FIFA World Cup Technical Report" (PDF). FIFA Technical Group. 1982.
"2002 FIFA World Cup Korea/Japan: Report and Statistics" (PDF). FIFA Technical Group. 2002.
External links[edit]
FIFA World Cup Awards on FIFA website
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FIFA World Cup · Golden Ball
Best Player
1930: Nasazzi
1934: Meazza
1938: Leônidas
1950: Zizinho
1954: Puskás
1958: Didi
1962: Garrincha
1966: Charlton
1970: Pelé
1974: Cruijff
1978: Kempes
Golden Ball
1982: Rossi
1986: Maradona
1990: Schillaci
1994: Romário
1998: Ronaldo
2002: Kahn
2006: Zidane
2010: Forlán
2014: Messi
2018: Modrić
Golden Ball was first awarded in 1982.
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FIFA World Cup · Silver Ball
2nd Best Player
1930: Stábile
1934: Sindelar
1938: Piola
1950: Schiaffino
1954: Kocsis
1958: Pelé
1962: Masopust
1966: Moore
1970: Gérson
1974: Beckenbauer
1978: Rossi
Silver Ball
1982: Falcão
1986: Schumacher
1990: Matthäus
1994: Baggio
1998: Šuker
2002: Ronaldo
2006: Cannavaro
2010: Sneijder
2014: Müller
2018: Hazard
Silver Ball was first awarded in 1982.
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FIFA World Cup · Bronze Ball
3rd Best Player
1930: Andrade
1934: Nejedlý
1938: Sárosi
1950: Ademir
1954: Walter
1958: Fontaine
1962: Sánchez
1966: Eusébio
1970: Müller
1974: Deyna
1978: Dirceu
Bronze Ball
1982: Rummenigge
1986: Elkjær
1990: Maradona
1994: Stoichkov
1998: Thuram
2002: Hong Myung-bo
2006: Pirlo
2010: Villa
2014: Robben
2018: Griezmann
Bronze Ball was first awarded in 1982.
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FIFA World Cup – Golden Boot winners
Top scorer
1930: Stábile
1934: Nejedlý
1938: Leônidas
1950: Ademir
1954: Kocsis
1958: Fontaine
1962: Albert, Garrincha, Ivanov, Jerković, Sánchez & Vavá
Golden Shoe
1966: Eusébio
1970: G. Müller
1974: Lato
1978: Kempes
1982: Rossi
1986: Lineker
1990: Schillaci
1994: Salenko & Stoichkov
1998: Šuker
2002: Ronaldo
2006: Klose
Golden Boot
2010: T. Müller
2014: J. Rodríguez
2018: Kane
Golden Shoe was first awarded in 1966
Golden Boot was first awarded in 2010
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FIFA World Cup · Golden Glove
All-Star Team Goalkeeper
1930: Ballestrero
1934: Zamora
1938: Plánička
1950: Máspoli
1954: Grosics
1958: Gregg
1962: Schrojf
1966: Banks
1970: Mazurkiewicz
1974: Maier
1978: Fillol
1982: Zoff
1986: Pfaff
1990: Goycochea
Yashin Award
1994: Preud'homme
1998: Barthez
2002: Kahn
2006: Buffon
Golden Glove
2010: Casillas
2014: Neuer
2018: Courtois
Golden Glove was first awarded in 1994.
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FIFA World Cup · Best Young Player
Best Young Player
1958: Pelé
1962: Albert
1966: Beckenbauer
1970: Cubillas
1974: Żmuda
1978: Cabrini
1982: Amoros
1986: Scifo
1990: Prosinečki
1994: Overmars
1998: Owen
2002: Donovan
Best Young Player Award
2006: Podolski
2010: Müller
2014: Pogba
2018: Mbappé
Best Young Player was first awarded in 2006.
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FIFA World Cup
Tournaments
Uruguay 1930
Italy 1934
France 1938
Brazil 1950
Switzerland 1954
Sweden 1958
Chile 1962
England 1966
Mexico 1970
West Germany 1974
Argentina 1978
Spain 1982
Mexico 1986
Italy 1990
United States 1994
France 1998
South Korea–Japan 2002
Germany 2006
South Africa 2010
Brazil 2014
Russia 2018
Qatar 2022
Canada–Mexico–United States 2026
2030
2034
Qualification
1930
1934
1938
1950
1954
1958
1962
1966
1970
1974
1978
1982
1986
1990
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Finals
1930
1934
1938
1950
1954
1958
1962
1966
1970
1974
1978
1982
1986
1990
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Squads
1930
1934
1938
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1954
1958
1962
1966
1970
1974
1978
1982
1986
1990
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1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Seedings
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Broadcasters
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2006
2010
2014
2018
Bids
2014
2018 and 2022
2026
2030
Statistics
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2006
2010
2014
2018
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1998
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2014
2018
Team appearances
AFC
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Overall records
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Notes: There was no qualification for the 1930 World Cup as places were given by invitation only. In 1950, there was no final; the article is about the decisive match of the final group stage.
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FIFA
History of FIFA
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Blue Stars/FIFA Youth Cup
Women's tournaments
FIFA Women's World Cup
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Other tournaments
FIFA eWorld Cup
Presidents
Robert Guérin (1904–1906)
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Arthur Drewry (1955–1961)
Stanley Rous (1961–1974)
João Havelange (1974–1998)
Sepp Blatter (1998–2015)
Issa Hayatou (2015–2016, acting)
Gianni Infantino (2016–present)
General Secretaries
Louis Muhlinghaus (1904–1906)
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Awards
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FIFA World Rankings
(Former systems: 1999–2006
2006–2018)
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Corruption
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2015 FIFA corruption case
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FIFA (video game series)
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International association football
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CAF – Africa Cup of Nations
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UEFA – European Championship
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Central America
and the Caribbean
CONCACAF – Gold Cup
U-20
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Regional (CFU, UNCAF)
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OFC – Nations Cup
U-19
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South America
CONMEBOL – Copa América
U-20
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Non-FIFA
NF-Board – Viva World Cup
CONIFA – ConIFA World Football Cup
ConIFA European Football Cup
IIGA – Island Games
Games
African Games
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Central America and Caribbean
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Mediterranean Games
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See also
Geography
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Player/Club of the Century
Women's football
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Marine Hospital Service
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Flag of the Public Health and Marine-Hospital Service
Flag of the Marine Hospital Service
The Marine Hospital Service was an organization of Marine Hospitals dedicated to the care of ill and disabled seamen in the U.S. Merchant Marine, the U.S. Coast Guard and other federal beneficiaries. The Marine Hospital Service evolved into the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Timeline
1.1.1 1798
1.1.2 1801
1.1.3 1803
1.1.4 1836
1.1.5 1870
1.1.6 1871
1.1.7 1878
1.1.8 1879
1.1.9 1887
1.1.10 1889
1.1.11 1890
1.1.12 1902
1.1.13 1912
1.1.14 1936
1.1.15 1944
1.1.16 1964
1.1.17 1986
1.1.18 2005
1.1.19 2008
2 Funding
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
The Marine Hospital, Staten Island, N.Y. In 1887, the National Institute of Health began as a single room Laboratory of Hygiene for bacteriological investigation established by the U.S. Marine Hospital Service at Stapleton, Staten Island, New York. From 1887 to 1891, the hygienic laboratory was located in the attic of the Marine Hospital on Staten Island.
Marine Hospital in Charleston, South Carolina, built in 1833
The Service was created by an act of the 5th United States Congress, which was signed into law on 16 July 1798 by President John Adams. The name of the act is "An Act for the relief of sick and disabled Seamen" and it was the first federal health law.[1] "An Act for the relief of sick and disabled Seamen" authorized a tax, which was the deduction of twenty cents per month from the wages of the seamen.[2] This tax raised funds for physicians and to support the network of hospitals.[3] In 1884, the tax was abolished and in 1906 funds were dispensed by Congress. The act led to the gradual creation of a network of hospitals along coastal and inland waterways.[4] Listed below is the timeline of events taken from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Timeline[edit]
1798[edit]
The Congressional Act of 1798 was signed into law by President John Adams. It created a tax of 20 cents each month to be withheld from seamen’s wages for support of marine hospitals. The money was paid to the U.S. Collector of Customs. This was the first example of pre-paid health insurance in U.S. history.[5] The Act was expanded in 1799 to include all "officers, seamen and marines of the navy of the United States"[6]
1801[edit]
In 1801, the first marine hospital owned by the Federal government was located at Washington Point in Virginia. Other early marine hospitals were established in the port cities of Boston, Massachusetts; Newport, Rhode Island; New Orleans, Louisiana; Mobile, Alabama; and Charleston, South Carolina.[7]
U.S. Marine Hospital, 800 St. Anthony Street, Mobile, Alabama. Built 1838-39.
1803[edit]
The first permanent Marine hospital was authorized to be built in Boston, Massachusetts.[8]
1836[edit]
Kentucky Senator Henry Clay sponsored legislation for the U.S. Marine Hospital to be built in Louisville, "for the of sick seamen, boatmen, and other navigators on the western rivers and lakes."[9]
1870[edit]
This practice continued until 1870, excepting one year from April 1837 to 1838. A bill was enacted to centralize and reorganize the Marine Hospital Service, with its headquarters in Washington, DC, under the position of supervising surgeon. [10]This act also raised the hospital tax from 20 cents to 40 cents until 1884.[11][12]
1871[edit]
John Maynard Woodworth, the first supervising surgeon, adopted a military model for his medical staff as part of system reform. Woodworth instituted examinations for applicants and implemented required uniforms for physicians, He created a cadre of mobile, career-service physicians assigned to various marine hospitals. [13]
1878[edit]
The prevalence of major epidemic diseases such as smallpox and yellow fever across the globe spurred Congress to enact the National Quarantine Act to prevent the introduction and spread of contagious and infectious disease in the United States. The task of controlling epidemic diseses through quarantine and disinfection measures, as well as immunization programs, within the country fell to the Marine Hospital Service, such as these Public Health Service officers in uniform as the Montauk Point, New York Quarantine Station. [14]
1879[edit]
The National Board of Health was created by the 15th U.S. Congress through an act that was titled, "An Act to prevent the Introduction of Infectious or Contagious Disease in the United States and to Establish a National Board of Health." The board had 11 members 7 of which were appointed by the president, 3 were medical officers from the Navy, Marine Hospital Service and the Army, and the last member was a representative from the office of the Attorney General. The National Board of Health was responsible for conserving and improve public health. This was the first Federally organized effort for comprehensive medical research. They were also given the power to quarantine.[15]
1887[edit]
A one-room bacteriological laboratory was created within the Marine Hospital Service in Staten Island, New York by Dr. Joseph Kinyoun. It was known as the Laboratory of Hygiene. It was established to conduct research on cholera and several other infectious diseases. It was later redesignated as the National Institute of Health in 1930.
1889[edit]
An Act of Congress established the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps and formalized the Commissioned Corps as the uniformed services component of the Marine Hospital Service. Congress organized Corps officers along military lines with titles and pay corresponding to Army and Navy grades. [16]
1890[edit]
The Marine Hospital Service was given interstate quarantine powers by Congress.[17] This was done as an effort to control the spread of epidemic diseases.[18]
1902[edit]
The Marine Hospital Service expanded to the Public Health and Marine Hospital Service to reflect growing responsibilities. Officers continued to carry out quarantine duties, which now included the medical inspection of arriving immigrants, such as those landing at Ellis Island in New York. Public Health and Marine Hospital Service officers played a major role in fulfilling the commitment to prevent disease from entering the country. [19]
1912[edit]
The name of the Public Health and Marine Hospital Service was shortened to the Public Health Service (PHS). Legislation enacted by Congress broadened the powers of the PHS by authorizing investigations into human disease (such as tuberculosis, hookworm, malaria, and leprosy), sanitation, water supplies, and sewage disposal. [20]
1936[edit]
Surgeon General Thomas Parran led the fight against venereal disease and paved the way for modern public health organizations. He strengthened and extended the research programs at the National Institutes of Health, established the Communicable Disease Center (later Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and participated in the planning of the World Health Organization. [21]
1944[edit]
The PHS Act of 1944 broadened the scope of the Commissioned Corps, allowing for the commissioning of nurses, scientists, dietitians, physical therapists, and sanitarians (later health service officers). From 1940 to 1945, the Commissioned Corps quadrupled its numbers from 625 officers to 2,600. [22]
1964[edit]
Surgeon General Dr. Luther Terry released a landmark report that concluded that lung cancer and chronic bronchitis are causally related to cigarette smoking. The report was the first such analysis that laid out the effects of tobacco and smoking and it spurred initiatives to lower tobacco use among Americans. [23]
1986[edit]
Dr. C. Everett Koop served as Surgeon General as the nation began to recognize AIDS as a new and deadly disease. Koop became the chief Federal spokesperson on AIDS and released a report on AIDS that contributed significantly to providing information on the disease. Koop also wrote "Understanding AIDS," the PHS brochure based on CDC guidelines that was sent to all 107 million households in the United States in 1988, the largest public health mailing ever at the time.[24]
2005[edit]
More than 2,400 Commissioned Corps officers were deployed to the Gulf Region before, during, and after Hurricanes Katrina, Rita and Wilma. This is the largest deployment in numbers in Commissioned Corps history. The officers set up and staffed field hospitals and emergency medical clinics. treated sick and injured evacuees, conducted disease surveillance, and worked closely with local and State health authorities to plan for long-term public health needs.[25]
2008[edit]
The Department of Defense and the Department of health and Human Services (HHS) established the "DoD-USPHS Partnership for Psychological Health" initiative. Officers in the Commissioned Corps were detailed to military medical treatment facilities across the nation to ensure that service members and their families received the resources they needed by increasing the availability of behavioral health service providers.[26]
Today, the Commissioned Corps continues to fulfill its mission to protect, promote, and advance the health and safety of the nation under the leadership of the Assistant Secretary of Health and the U.S. Surgeon General. The Corps contributes to ground-breaking health initiatives, included the 2014 Surgeon General's Report that highlighted 50 years of progress in tobacco control and prevention, presented new data on the health consequences of tobacco use, and detailed initiatives that can end the tobacco epidemic in the United States. The Commissioned Corps' response to national health threats and other recent disasters underscores the value to our nation of having a highly trained, multidisciplinary, and quickly mobilized cadre of officers.[27] The Marine Hospital Fund was a unique and early mechanism to provide the first publicly funded health care and disease prevention federal agency in the United States.[28]
Funding[edit]
Following the Civil War, public outcry and scandal surrounded the Marine Hospital Fund. In 1869, Dr. John Shaw Billings, a prominent Army surgeon, was appointed to head an investigation of the Marine Hospital Fund. Dr. Billings found the hospital fund to be inadequate and completely unorganized. In June 1870 the 41st Congress formally reorganized the Marine Hospital Fund as the Marine Hospital Service. Dr. John Maynard Woodworth was subsequently appointed to the Service as "Supervising Surgeon." He transformed the service into a disciplined organization based on his experience in the Union Army as a surgeon. Dr. Woodworth required his physicians to be a mobile work force stationed where the service was in need, and he mandated the daily wear uniforms. This eventually led to the creation of the modern-day Public Health Service Commissioned Corps. Dr. Woodworth, using Army-style heraldry, created the Marine Hospital Service fouled anchor and caduceus seal which is used to this day by the Public Health Service. In 1873, Dr. Woodworth’s title was changed to "Supervising Surgeon General," a forerunner of the modern-day office of Surgeon General of the United States.[29]
U.S. Marine Hospital in Louisville, Kentucky (c.1909). It is currently under renovation.
Venereal disease treatment, Marine Hospital New Orleans, 1942
It was the point of origin for the Public Health Service and the Public Health Service Commissioned Corps of the present-day Department of Health and Human Services, and current Operating Divisions (OPDIV) and Staffing Divisions that include the National Institutes of Health, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Indian Health Service, and a host of other federal-level health programs. The Marine Hospitals, as their name suggests, were hospitals constructed at key sea and river ports across the nation to provide health care for merchant marine sailors. Aside from the well-being of these sailors, the hospitals provided a key monitoring and gate-keeping function against pathogenic diseases.[30]
As the nation grew, the scope of Marine Hospital Service's scope of duties grew to include domestic and foreign quarantine and other national public health functions. In 1902, the Marine Hospital Service was renamed the "Public Health and Marine-Hospital Service." In 1912, the name of the service was changed to the Public Health Service to encompass its diverse and changing mission. Over time, the hospitals of the service were also expanded to include research and prevention work as well as the care of patients. Aside from merchant seamen, members of the military, immigrants, Native Americans, other federal beneficiaries, and people affected by chronic and epidemic diseases found a source for health care in the PHS and its hospitals.[citation needed]
The hospitals themselves were, by the middle of the 19th century, fairly imposing and architecturally grand structures in many cases. As long as ample federal funding was available for their construction, these hospitals were impressive examples of government-provided health care. The hospitals of the early 20th century in major port cities such as New Orleans, San Francisco, and Savannah displayed ornate architectural detail and reflected many of the changes sweeping medicine at the time.[citation needed]
During the Nixon administration, funding was cut to the PHS hospitals program and many of these institutions closed or were turned over to local public health offices. Eight survived as federal institutions until the early 1980s, when further budget cuts put an end to their funding. Some, such as the one in Savannah, Georgia, continued as outpatient low-income health clinics up to 2003 while others, such as the large hospital in San Francisco on the grounds of the US Army Presidio, were diverted to other Federal and military uses. In the case of the Presidio, the PHS Hospital was used as a site for language training for military officers in the late 1980s.
Today, the records for these institutions sit in storage at the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland and the National Archives in College Park, Maryland.[citation needed]
See also[edit]
United States Public Health Service
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Public Health". marinehospital.org. Retrieved 2018-03-07.
Jump up ^ "Justice Network - Sick and Disabled Seaman Act of 1798 Govt. Healthcare". www.nosue.org. Retrieved 2018-03-07.
Jump up ^ "Public Health in the United States". sphweb.bumc.bu.edu. Retrieved 2018-03-07.
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2018-03-07. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "Office of History, National Institutes of Health - Legislative Chronology". history.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-12-03.
Jump up ^ "Office of History, National Institutes of Health - Legislative Chronology". history.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-10-18.
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "Chronology of Events". National Institutes of Health (NIH). 2015-02-11. Retrieved 2017-12-03.
Jump up ^ "Marine Hospital Historic Timeline" (PDF).
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "Office of History, National Institute of Health-Research" (PDF).
Jump up ^ "Office of History, National Institutes of Health - Legislative Chronology". history.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-12-03.
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "Office of History, National Institutes of Health - Legislative Chronology". history.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-12-03.
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "Office of History, National Institutes of Health - Legislative Chronology". history.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-12-03.
Jump up ^ "Images From the History of the Public Health Service: Disease Control and Prevention, Fighting the Spread of Epidemic Diseases". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-12-03.
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "https://www.usphs.gov/aboutus/history.aspx". www.usphs.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ Bell, Shannon. "Old Marine Hospital". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2017-12-03.
Jump up ^ ASPA. "John Maynard Woodworth (1871-1879)". www.surgeongeneral.gov. Retrieved 2017-12-03.
Jump up ^ "Images From the History of the Public Health Service: Introduction". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-12-03.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to United States Marine Hospitals.
The National Library of Medicine has a guide to the documents culled from various PHS hospitals when these closed.
marinehospital.org- Website of the U.S. Hospital Foundation, which is restoring the Marine Hospital in Louisville, Kentucky.
History Of National Institution Of Health [1]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marine_Hospital_Service&oldid=834169374"
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