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Capture of Fort Ticonderoga
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Capture of Fort Ticonderoga
Part of the American Revolutionary War

An 1875 idealized depiction of Ethan Allen demanding the fort's surrender
Date
May 10, 1775
Location
Ticonderoga, Essex County, New York
43°50′29″N 73°23′17″W / 43.84139°N 73.38806°W / 43.84139; -73.38806Coordinates: 43°50′29″N 73°23′17″W / 43.84139°N 73.38806°W / 43.84139; -73.38806
Result
Ticonderoga and Crown Point captured by New England militia
Belligerents
Green Mountain Boys
militia of the Connecticut Colony
militia of the Province of Massachusetts Bay Great Britain
26th Regiment of Foot[1]
Commanders and leaders
Ethan Allen
Benedict Arnold William Delaplace
Strength
83 at Ticonderoga[2]
50 at Crown Point[3]
35 at Saint-Jean[4] 48 at Ticonderoga[5]
9 at Crown Point[6]
21 at Saint-Jean[4]
Casualties and losses
1 captured near Fort Saint-Jean[7]
1 wounded at Ticonderoga[8] All captured
[show]
v
t
e
Canadian campaign
Ticonderoga
Fort St. Jean
Longue-Pointe
Arnold's expedition
Quebec
Saint-Pierre
The Cedars
Trois-Rivières
Valcour Bay
The Capture of Fort Ticonderoga occurred during the American Revolutionary War on May 10, 1775, when a small force of Green Mountain Boys led by Ethan Allen and Colonel Benedict Arnold overcame a small British garrison at the fort and looted the personal belongings of the garrison. Cannons and other armaments from the fort were later transported to Boston and used to fortify Dorchester Heights and break the standoff at the Siege of Boston.
After seizing Ticonderoga, a small detachment captured the nearby Fort Crown Point on May 11. Seven days later, Arnold and 50 men intrepidly raided Fort Saint-Jean on the Richelieu River in southern Quebec, seizing military supplies, cannons, and the largest military vessel on Lake Champlain.
Although the scope of this military action was relatively minor, it had significant strategic importance. It impeded communication between northern and southern units of the British Army, and gave the nascent Continental Army a staging ground for the invasion of Quebec later in 1775. It also involved two larger-than-life personalities in Allen and Arnold, each of whom sought to gain as much credit and honor as possible for these events. Most significantly, artillery from Ticonderoga would be dragged across Massachusetts to the heights commanding Boston Harbor, forcing the British to withdraw from that city.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Colonial forces assemble
3 Capture of the fort
4 Crown Point and the raid on Fort Saint-Jean
5 Aftermath
5.1 Repercussions in Quebec
5.2 Later actions near Ticonderoga
5.3 Broken communications
5.4 War of words between Allen and Arnold
6 See also
7 References
8 Footnotes
9 References
10 Further reading
11 External links
Background[edit]
In 1775, Fort Ticonderoga's location did not appear to be as strategically important as it had been in the French and Indian War, when the French famously defended it against a much larger British force in the 1758 Battle of Carillon, and when the British captured it in 1759. After the 1763 Treaty of Paris, in which the French ceded their North American territories to the British, the fort was no longer on the frontier of two great empires, guarding the principal waterway between them.[9] The French had blown up the fort's powder magazine when they abandoned the fort, and it had fallen further into disrepair since then. In 1775 it was garrisoned by only a small detachment of the 26th Regiment of Foot, consisting of two officers and forty-six men, with many of them "invalids" (soldiers with limited duties because of disability or illness). Twenty-five women and children lived there as well. Because of its former significance, Fort Ticonderoga still had a high reputation as the "gateway to the continent" or the "Gibraltar of America", but in 1775 it was, according to historian Christopher Ward, "more like a backwoods village than a fort."[5]
Even before shooting started in the American Revolutionary War, American Patriots were concerned about Fort Ticonderoga. The fort was a valuable asset for several reasons. Within its walls was a collection of heavy artillery including cannons, howitzers, and mortars, armaments that the Americans had in short supply.[10][11] The fort was situated on the shores of Lake Champlain, a strategically important route between the Thirteen Colonies and the British-controlled northern provinces. British forces placed there would expose the colonial forces in Boston to attack from the rear.[10] After the war began with the Battles of Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775, the British General Thomas Gage realized the fort would require fortification, and several colonists had the idea of capturing the fort.
Gage, writing from the besieged city of Boston following Lexington and Concord, instructed Quebec's governor, General Guy Carleton, to rehabilitate and refortify the forts at Ticonderoga and Crown Point.[12] Carleton did not receive this letter until May 19, well after the fort had been captured.[13]
Benedict Arnold had frequently traveled through the area around the fort, and was familiar with its condition, manning, and armaments. En route to Boston following news of the events of April 19, he mentioned the fort and its condition to members of Silas Deane's militia.[14] The Connecticut Committee of Correspondence acted on this information; money was "borrowed" from the provincial coffers and recruiters were sent into northwestern Connecticut, western Massachusetts, and the New Hampshire Grants (now Vermont) to raise volunteers for an attack on the fort.[15]
John Brown, an American spy from Pittsfield, Massachusetts who had carried correspondence between revolutionary committees in the Boston area and Patriot supporters in Montreal, was well aware of the fort and its strategic value.[9] Ethan Allen and other Patriots in the disputed New Hampshire Grants territory also recognized the fort's value, as it played a role in the dispute over that area between New York and New Hampshire.[16] Whether either took or instigated action prior to the Connecticut Colony's recruitment efforts is unclear. Brown had notified the Massachusetts Committee of Safety in March of his opinion that Ticonderoga "must be seized as soon as possible should hostilities be committed by the King's Troops."[16][17]
When Arnold arrived outside Boston, he told the Massachusetts Committee of Safety about the cannons and other military equipment at the lightly defended fort. On May 3, the Committee gave Arnold a colonel's commission and authorized him to command a "secret mission", which was to capture the fort.[18] He was issued £100, some gunpowder, ammunition, and horses, and instructed to recruit up to 400 men, march on the fort, and ship back to Massachusetts anything he thought useful.[19]
Colonial forces assemble[edit]
Fort Ticonderoga from Mount Defiance
Arnold departed immediately after receiving his instructions. He was accompanied by two captains, Eleazer Oswald and Jonathan Brown, who were charged with recruiting the necessary men. Arnold reached the border between Massachusetts and the Grants on May 6, where he learned of the recruitment efforts of the Connecticut Committee, and that Ethan Allen and the Green Mountain Boys were already on their way north. Riding furiously northward (his horse was subsequently destroyed), he reached Allen's headquarters in Bennington the next day.[20] Upon arrival, Arnold was told that Allen was in Castleton, 50 miles (80 km) to the north, awaiting supplies and more men. He was also warned that, although Allen's effort had no official sanction, his men were unlikely to serve under anyone else. Leaving early the next day, Arnold arrived in Castleton in time to join a war council, where he made a case to lead the expedition based on his formal authorization to act from the Massachusetts Committee.[21]
The force that Allen had assembled in Castleton included about 100 Green Mountain Boys, about 40 men raised by James Easton and John Brown at Pittsfield, and an additional 20 men from Connecticut.[22] Allen was elected colonel, with Easton and Seth Warner as his lieutenants.[21] When Arnold arrived on the scene, Samuel Herrick had already been sent to Skenesboro and Asa Douglas to Panton with detachments to secure boats. Captain Noah Phelps, a member of the "Committee of War for the Expedition against Ticonderoga and Crown Point", had reconnoitered the fort disguised as a peddler seeking a shave. He saw that the fort walls were dilapidated, learned from the garrison commander that the soldiers' gunpowder was wet, and that they expected reinforcements at any time.[23][24] He reported this intelligence to Allen, following which they planned a dawn raid.[23]
Many of the Green Mountain Boys objected to Arnold's wish to command, insisting that they would go home rather than serve under anyone other than Ethan Allen. Arnold and Allen worked out an agreement, but no documented evidence exists concerning the deal. According to Arnold, he was given joint command of the operation. Some historians have supported Arnold's contention, while others suggest he was merely given the right to march next to Allen.[Note 1]
Capture of the fort[edit]
The flag of the Green Mountain Boys
By 11:30 pm on May 9, the men had assembled at Hand's Cove (in what is now Shoreham, Vermont) and were ready to cross the lake to Ticonderoga. However, boats did not arrive until 1:30 am, and they were inadequate to carry the whole force.[25] Eighty-three of the Green Mountain Boys made the first crossing with Arnold and Allen, and Douglas went back for the rest.[2] As dawn approached, Allen and Arnold became fearful of losing the element of surprise, so they decided to attack with the men at hand. The only sentry on duty at the south gate fled his post after his musket misfired, and the Americans rushed into the fort. The Patriots then roused the small number of sleeping troops at gunpoint and began confiscating their weapons. Allen, Arnold, and a few other men charged up the stairs toward the officers' quarters. Lieutenant Jocelyn Feltham, the assistant to Captain William Delaplace, was awakened by the noise, and called to wake the captain.[26] Stalling for time, Feltham demanded to know by what authority the fort was being entered. Allen, who later claimed that he said it to Captain Delaplace, replied, "In the name of the Great Jehovah and the Continental Congress!"[27] Delaplace finally emerged from his chambers (fully clothed, not with "his breeches in his hand", as Allen would later say) and surrendered his sword.[27]
Nobody was killed in the assault. The only injury was to one American, Gideon Warren,[28] who was slightly injured by a sentry with a bayonet.[8] Eventually, as many as 400 men arrived at the fort, which they plundered for liquor and other provisions. Arnold, whose authority was not recognized by the Green Mountain Boys, was unable to stop the plunder. Frustrated, he retired to the captain's quarters to await forces that he had recruited, reporting to the Massachusetts Provincial Congress that Allen and his men were "governing by whim and caprice" at the fort, and that the plan to strip the fort and send armaments to Boston was in peril.[29] When Delaplace protested the seizure of his private liquor stores, Allen issued him a receipt for the stores, which he later submitted to Connecticut for payment.[30] Arnold's disputes with Allen and his unruly men were severe enough that there were times when some of Allen's men drew weapons.[29]
On May 12, Allen sent the prisoners to Connecticut's Governor Jonathan Trumbull with a note saying "I make you a present of a Major, a Captain, and two Lieutenants of the regular Establishment of George the Third."[31] Arnold busied himself over the next few days with cataloging the military equipment at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, a task made difficult by the fact that walls had collapsed on some of the armaments.[32]
Crown Point and the raid on Fort Saint-Jean[edit]
1777 map showing the Champlain Valley, and all four forts
Seth Warner sailed a detachment up the lake and captured nearby Fort Crown Point, garrisoned by only nine men. It is widely recorded that this capture occurred on May 10; this is attributed to a letter Arnold wrote to the Massachusetts Committee of Safety on May 11, claiming that an attempt to sail up to Crown Point was frustrated by headwinds. However, Warner claimed, in a letter dated May 12 from "Head Quarters, Crown Point", that he "took possession of this garrison" the day before.[6] It appears likely that, having failed on May 10, the attempt was repeated the next day with success, as reported in Warner's memoir.[33] A small force was also sent to capture Fort George on Lake George, which was held by only two soldiers.[34]
Troops recruited by Arnold's captains began to arrive, some after seizing Philip Skene's schooner Katherine and several bateaux at Skenesboro.[35][36] Arnold rechristened the schooner Liberty. The prisoners had reported that the lone British warship on Lake Champlain was at Fort Saint-Jean, on the Richelieu River north of the lake. Arnold, uncertain whether word of Ticonderoga's capture had reached Saint-Jean, decided to attempt a raid to capture the ship. He had Liberty outfitted with guns, and sailed north with 50 of his men on May 14.[37] Allen, not wanting Arnold to get the full glory for that capture, followed with some of his men in bateaux, but Arnold's small fleet had the advantage of sail, and pulled away from Allen's boats. By May 17, Arnold's small fleet was at the northern end of the lake. Seeking intelligence, Arnold sent a man to reconnoiter the situation at Fort Saint-Jean. The scout returned later that day, reporting that the British were aware of the fall of Ticonderoga and Crown Point, and that troops were apparently on the move toward Saint-Jean. Arnold decided to act immediately.[38]
Rowing all night, Arnold and 35 of his men brought their bateaux near the fort. After a brief scouting excursion, they surprised the small garrison at the fort, and seized supplies there, along with the HMS Royal George, a seventy-ton sloop-of-war.[39] Warned by their captives that several companies were on their way from Chambly, they loaded the more valuable supplies and cannons on the George, which Arnold renamed the Enterprise. Boats that they could not take were sunk, and the enlarged fleet returned to Lake Champlain.[4] This activity was observed by Moses Hazen, a retired British officer who lived near the fort. Hazen rode to Montreal to report the action to the local military commander, and then continued on to Quebec City, where he reported the news to General Carleton on May 20. Major Charles Preston and 140 men were immediately dispatched from Montreal to Saint-Jean in response to Hazen's warning.[40]
Fifteen miles out on the lake, Arnold's fleet met Allen's, which was still heading north. After an exchange of celebratory gunfire, Arnold opened his stores to feed Allen's men, who had rowed 100 miles (160 km) in open boats without provisions. Allen, believing he could seize and hold Fort Saint-Jean, continued north, while Arnold sailed south.[41] Allen arrived at Saint-Jean on May 19, where he was warned that British troops were approaching by a sympathetic Montreal merchant who had raced ahead of those troops on horseback.[42] Allen, after penning a message for the merchant to deliver to the citizens of Montreal, returned to Ticonderoga on May 21, leaving Saint-Jean just as the British forces arrived.[42][43] In their haste to escape the British, three men were left behind; one was captured, but the other two eventually returned south by land.[7]
Aftermath[edit]
Further information: Invasion of Canada (1775), Saratoga campaign, Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777), and Battle of Saratoga
Ethan Allen and his men eventually drifted away from Ticonderoga, especially once the alcohol began to run out, and Arnold largely controlled affairs from a base at Crown Point.[34][44] He oversaw the fitting of the two large ships, eventually taking command of Enterprise because of a lack of knowledgeable seamen. His men began rebuilding Ticonderoga's barracks, and worked to extract armaments from the rubble of the two forts and build gun carriages for them.[44]
Connecticut sent about 1,000 men under Colonel Benjamin Hinman to hold Ticonderoga, and New York also began to raise militia to defend Crown Point and Ticonderoga against a possible British attack from the north. When Hinman's troops arrived in June, there was once again a clash over leadership. None of the communications to Arnold from the Massachusetts committee indicated that he was to serve under Hinman; when Hinman attempted to assert authority over Crown Point, Arnold refused to accept it, as Hinman's instructions only included Ticonderoga.[45] The Massachusetts committee eventually sent a delegation to Ticonderoga. When they arrived on June 22 they made it clear to Arnold that he was to serve under Hinman. Arnold, after considering for two days, disbanded his command, resigned his commission, and went home, having spent more than £1,000 of his own money in the effort to capture the fort.[46]
A 1902 photo of the Fort Crown Point ruins
When Congress received news of the events, it drafted a second letter to the inhabitants of Quebec, which was sent north in June with James Price, another sympathetic Montreal merchant. This letter, and other communications from the New York Congress, combined with the activities of vocal American supporters, stirred up the Quebec population in the summer of 1775.[47]
When news of the fall of Ticonderoga reached England, Lord Dartmouth wrote that it was "very unfortunate; very unfortunate indeed".[48]
Repercussions in Quebec[edit]
News of the capture of Ticonderoga and Crown Point, and especially the raids on Fort Saint-Jean, electrified the Quebec population. Colonel Dudley Templer, in charge of the garrison at Montreal, issued a call on May 19 to raise a militia for defense of the city, and requested Indians living nearby to also take up arms. Only 50 men, mostly French-speaking landowning seigneurs and petty nobility, were raised in and around Montreal, and they were sent to Saint-Jean; no Indians came to their aid. Templer also prevented merchants sympathetic to the American cause from sending supplies south in response to Allen's letter.[49]
General Carleton, notified by Hazen of the events on May 20, immediately ordered the garrisons of Montreal and Trois-Rivières to fortify Saint-Jean. Some troops garrisoned at Quebec were also sent to Saint-Jean. Most of the remaining Quebec troops were dispatched to a variety of other points along the Saint Lawrence, as far west as Oswegatchie, to guard against potential invasion threats.[50] Carleton then traveled to Montreal to oversee the defense of the province from there, leaving the city of Quebec in the hands of Lieutenant Governor Hector Cramahé.[51] Before leaving, Carleton prevailed on Monsignor Jean-Olivier Briand, the Bishop of Quebec, to issue his own call to arms in support of the provincial defense, which was circulated primarily in the areas around Montreal and Trois-Rivières.[52]
Later actions near Ticonderoga[edit]
"Knox entering camp with artillery"
In July 1775, General Philip Schuyler began using the fort as the staging ground for the invasion of Quebec that was launched in late August.[53] In the winter of 1775–1776, Henry Knox directed the transportation of the guns of Ticonderoga to Boston. The guns were placed upon Dorchester Heights overlooking the besieged city and the British ships in the harbor, prompting the British to evacuate their troops and Loyalist supporters from the city in March 1776.[54]
Benedict Arnold again led a fleet of ships at the Battle of Valcour Island, and played other key roles in thwarting Britain's attempt to recapture the fort in 1776.[55] The British did recapture the fort in July 1777 during the Saratoga campaign, but had abandoned it by November after Burgoyne's surrender at Saratoga.[56]
Broken communications[edit]
Although Fort Ticonderoga was not at the time an important military post, its capture had several important results. Rebel control of the area meant that overland communications and supply lines between British forces in Quebec and those in Boston and later New York were severed, so the British military command made an adjustment to their command structure.[57] This break in communication was highlighted by the fact that Arnold, on his way north to Saint-Jean, intercepted a message from Carleton to Gage, detailing the military troop strengths in Quebec.[58] Command of British forces in North America, previously under a single commander, was divided into two commands. General Carleton was given independent command of forces in Quebec and the northern frontier, while General William Howe was appointed Commander-in-Chief of forces along the Atlantic coast, an arrangement that had worked well between Generals Wolfe and Amherst in the French and Indian War.[57] In this war, however, cooperation between the two forces would prove to be problematic and would play a role in the failure of the Saratoga campaign in 1777, as General Howe apparently abandoned an agreed-upon northern strategy, leaving General John Burgoyne without southern support in that campaign.[59]
War of words between Allen and Arnold[edit]
An engraving of Benedict Arnold after John Trumbull by H.B. Hall, published 1879
Beginning on the day of the fort's capture, Allen and Arnold began a war of words, each attempting to garner for himself as much credit for the operation as possible. Arnold, unable to exert any authority over Allen and his men, began to keep a diary of events and actions, which was highly critical and dismissive of Allen.[34] Allen, in the days immediately after the action, also began to work on a memoir. Published several years later (see Further reading), the memoir fails to mention Arnold at all. Allen also wrote several versions of the events, which John Brown and James Easton brought to a variety of Congresses and committees in New York, Connecticut, and Massachusetts. Randall (1990) claims that Easton took accounts written by both Arnold and Allen to the Massachusetts committee, but conveniently lost Arnold's account on the way, ensuring that Allen's version, which greatly glorified his role in the affair, would be preferred.[60] Smith (1907) indicates that it was highly likely that Easton was interested in claiming Arnold's command for himself.[61] There was clearly no love lost between Easton and Arnold. Allen and Easton returned to Crown Point on June 10 and called a council of war while Arnold was with the fleet on the lake, a clear breach of military protocol. When Arnold, whose men now dominated the garrison, asserted his authority, Easton insulted Arnold, who responded by challenging Easton to a duel. Arnold later reported, "On refusing to draw like a gentleman, he having a [sword] by his side and cases of loaded pistols in his pockets, I kicked him very heartily and ordered him from the Point."[62]
See also[edit]
Book: Fort Ticonderoga
American Revolutionary War portal
List of American Revolutionary War battles
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Pell (1929), p. 81, claims there is no documentary evidence. Boatner (1974) (pp. 1101–1102) notes that although Ward believes Arnold merely had the right to march next to Allen, Allen French argues otherwise in The Taking of Ticonderoga in 1775. Bellesiles (1995), p. 117, claims that Allen offered Arnold the right to march at the head of the column to placate Arnold.
Footnotes[edit]
Jump up ^ P. Nelson (2000), p. 61
^ Jump up to: a b Bellesiles (1995), p. 117
Jump up ^ Smith (1907), p. 144
^ Jump up to: a b c Randall (1990), p. 104
^ Jump up to: a b Ward (1952), Volume 1, p. 69
^ Jump up to: a b Chittenden (1872), p. 109
^ Jump up to: a b Jellison (1969), p. 131
^ Jump up to: a b Ward (1952), Volume 1, p. 68.
^ Jump up to: a b Randall (1990), p. 86.
^ Jump up to: a b Ward (1952), Volume 1, p. 64.
Jump up ^ Drake (1873), p. 130.
Jump up ^ Gage (1917), p. 397.
Jump up ^ Lanctot (1967), p. 49.
Jump up ^ Randall (1990), p. 85.
Jump up ^ Randall (1990), p. 87.
^ Jump up to: a b Bellesiles (1995), p. 116.
Jump up ^ Boatner (1974), p. 1101.
Jump up ^ Ward (1952), Volume 1, p. 65.
Jump up ^ J. Nelson (2006), p. 15.
Jump up ^ Randall (1990), p. 86–89.
^ Jump up to: a b Randall (1990), p. 90.
Jump up ^ Smith (1907), pp. 124–125.
^ Jump up to: a b Randall (1990), p. 91.
Jump up ^ Phelps (1899), p. 204.
Jump up ^ Jellison (1969), pp. 114–115.
Jump up ^ Randall (1990), p. 95.
^ Jump up to: a b Randall (1990), p. 96.
Jump up ^ New York, Pension Claims by Disabled Revolutionary War Veterans, 1779-1789
^ Jump up to: a b Randall (1990), p. 97.
Jump up ^ Jellison (1969), p. 124.
Jump up ^ Chittenden (1872), p. 49.
Jump up ^ J. Nelson (2006), p. 40.
Jump up ^ Chipman (1848), p. 141
^ Jump up to: a b c Randall (1990), p. 98
Jump up ^ Smith (1907), p. 155
Jump up ^ Morrissey (2000), p. 10
Jump up ^ Randall (1990), p. 101
Jump up ^ Randall (1990), p. 103
Jump up ^ Smith (1907), p. 157
Jump up ^ Lanctot (1967), pp. 44,50
Jump up ^ Randall (1990), p. 105
^ Jump up to: a b Lanctot (1967), p. 44
Jump up ^ Randall (1990), p. 106
^ Jump up to: a b J. Nelson (2006), p. 53.
Jump up ^ J. Nelson (2006), p. 61.
Jump up ^ Randall (1990), pp. 128–129.
Jump up ^ Lanctot (1967), pp. 55–60.
Jump up ^ Jellison (1969), p. 120.
Jump up ^ Lanctot (1967), p. 45.
Jump up ^ Lanctot (1967), p. 50.
Jump up ^ Lanctot (1967), p. 53.
Jump up ^ Lanctot (1967), p. 52.
Jump up ^ Smith (1907), p. 250.
Jump up ^ French (1911), pp. 387–419.
Jump up ^ Randall (1990), pp. 290–314.
Jump up ^ Morrissey (2000), p. 86.
^ Jump up to: a b Mackesy (1993), p. 40.
Jump up ^ J. Nelson (2006), p. 42.
Jump up ^ Van Tyne (1905), pp. 161–162.
Jump up ^ Randall (1990), p. 99.
Jump up ^ Smith (1907), p. 184.
Jump up ^ Randall (1990), p. 121.
References[edit]
Bellesiles, Michael A (1995). Revolutionary Outlaws: Ethan Allen and the Struggle for Independence on the Early American Frontier. Charlottesville, Virginia: University of Virginia Press. ISBN 978-0-8139-1603-3.
Boatner, Mark Mayo, III (1974) [1966]. Encyclopedia of the American Revolution (revised ed.). New York: McKay. ISBN 0-8117-0578-1.
Chipman, Daniel (1848). Memoir of Colonel Seth Warner. Middlebury, Vermont: L. W. Clark. OCLC 4403351.
Chittenden, Lucius Eugene (1872). The Capture of Ticonderoga: Annual Address Before the Vermont Historical Society Delivered at Montpelier, Vt., on Tuesday Evening, October 8, 1872. Montpelier, Vermont: Vermont Historical Society. ISBN 0-7884-0802-X. OCLC 181111316.
Drake, Francis Samuel (1873). Life and correspondence of Henry Knox: Major-General in the American Revolutionary Army. Boston: S.G. Drake. OCLC 2358685.
French, Allen (1911). The Siege of Boston. New York: McMillan. ISBN 0-659-90572-8. OCLC 3927532.
Gage, Thomas (1931). The correspondence of General Thomas Gage, volume 1. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-208-00812-1.
Jellison, Charles A (1969). Ethan Allen: Frontier Rebel. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press. ISBN 0-8156-2141-8.
Lanctot, Gustave (1967). Canada and the American Revolution 1774–1783. London: Harvard University Press. OCLC 70781264.
Mackesy, Piers (1993). The War for America: 1775–1783. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0-8032-8192-7.
Morrissey, Brendan (2000). Saratoga 1777: Turning Point of a Revolution. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85532-862-4.
Nelson, James L. (2006). Benedict Arnold's Navy: The Ragtag Fleet that Lost the Battle of Lake Champlain But Won the American Revolution. Camden, Maine: McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 978-0-07-146806-0.
Nelson, Paul David (2000). General Sir Guy Carleton, Lord Dorchester: Soldier-statesman of Early British Canada. Madison, New Jersey: Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press. ISBN 978-0-8386-3838-5.
Pell, John (1929). Ethan Allen. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 978-0-8369-6919-1.
Phelps, Oliver Seymour; Servin, Andrew T. (1899). The Phelps family of America and their English ancestors, with copies of wills, deeds, letters, and other interesting papers, coats of arms and valuable records (two volumes). Pittsfield, Massachusetts: Eagle Publishing Company. OCLC 39187566.
Randall, Willard Sterne (1990). Benedict Arnold: Patriot and Traitor. New York: William Morrow. ISBN 1-55710-034-9.
Smith, Justin Harvey (1907). Our Struggle for the Fourteenth Colony: Canada, and the American Revolution, Volume 1. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. OCLC 259236.
Van Tyne, Claude Halstead (1905). The American Revolution, 1776–1783. New York: Harper & Brothers. OCLC 23093734.
Vermont Historical Society (1871). Collections of the Vermont Historical Society vol. 2. Montpelier, Vermont: Vermont Historical Society. OCLC 19358021.
Ward, Christopher (1952). The War of the Revolution. New York: Macmillan. ISBN 1-56852-576-1. OCLC 425995.
Wilson, Barry (2001). Benedict Arnold: A Traitor in Our Midst. Montreal: McGill-Queen's Press. ISBN 978-0-7735-2150-6.
Further reading[edit]
Allen, Ethan (1849). Ethan Allen's Narrative of the Capture of Ticonderoga: And of His Captivity and Treatment by the British. Burlington, Vermont: C. Goodrich and S.B. Nichols. ISBN 0-665-22135-5. OCLC 17008777.
French, Allen (1928). The Taking of Ticonderoga in 1775: The British Story; A Study of Captors and Captives. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. OCLC 651774.
External links[edit]
Fort Ticonderoga National Historic Landmark
"Capture of Ticonderoga", excerpt from Thrilling Incidents in American History by J.W. Barber, 1860.
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Manchester United F.C. in European football
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Manchester United in European football
Club
Manchester United
First entry
1956–57 European Cup
Latest entry
2016–17 UEFA Europa League
Titles
Champions League
3[show]
1968
1999
2008
Europa League
1[show]
2017
Cup Winners' Cup
1[show]
1991
Super Cup
1[show]
1991
Intercontinental Cup
1[show]
1999
FIFA Club World Cup
1[show]
2008
Manchester United Football Club is an English football club based in Old Trafford, Greater Manchester. They were the first English club to enter European competition, entering the European Cup in 1956. Since then, the club has competed in every UEFA-organised competition, with the exception of the now-defunct Intertoto Cup.
The competition in which the club has had the most success is the European Cup (now known as the UEFA Champions League); they have won three European Cups, the first of which came in 1968; this win made them the first English club to win the European Cup. The other two victories came in 1999 and 2008. The club has also won the Cup Winners' Cup, which they won in 1991; the Super Cup, also won in 1991; the Intercontinental Cup, which they won in 1999; and the Europa League, which they won in 2017.
After their Champions League wins in 1999 and 2008, Manchester United also competed as UEFA's representatives at the 2000 FIFA Club World Championship and the 2008 FIFA Club World Cup. They were knocked out of the 2000 tournament at the group stage, but went on to win the 2008 competition, becoming the first English side to do so.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Early years
1.2 Munich
1.3 Return to Europe
1.4 Back in the European Cup
1.5 First European title
1.6 European comeback
1.7 Since 1990
2 Matches
3 Overall record
3.1 By competition
3.2 By country
3.3 By club
4 Honours
4.1 European
4.2 Worldwide
5 Notes
6 References
7 External links
History[edit]
Early years[edit]
Following their league title win the previous season, Manchester United first competed in European football competition in 1956–57. 1954–55 Football League winners Chelsea had been denied the opportunity to take part in the inaugural European Cup by The Football League's chairman Alan Hardaker, who feared that European football would damage the integrity of the English game. However, Matt Busby, the manager of Manchester United, was a forward-thinking man and was determined to have his team compete on the European stage. With the backing of The Football Association's chairman, Stanley Rous (who would later go on to become the president of FIFA), Manchester United were allowed to compete in the 1956–57 European Cup.
The club's first match in European competition was a European Cup preliminary round tie against Anderlecht at Parc Astrid in Brussels; Manchester United won the match 2–0 in front of 35,000 spectators. The return leg was played at Maine Road, the home of Manchester United's local rivals Manchester City, as United's stadium, Old Trafford, had not yet been fitted with the necessary floodlighting for evening games. The match finished as a 10–0 win for Manchester United, a result that still stands as the club's record win in all competitions. A long run in the European Cup followed, including wins over Borussia Dortmund and Athletic Bilbao and culminating with a semi-final tie against Real Madrid. The first leg took United to the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, where they were defeated 3–1 in front of a record away crowd of 135,000 spectators. However, they were only able to draw 2–2 in the second leg back at Old Trafford, and the club's first European season came to an end as Real Madrid went on to record the second of their five consecutive European Cup titles.
Munich[edit]
Main article: Munich air disaster
United won the league title again that season, and were therefore eligible to compete in the European Cup for the second consecutive year. After dispatching Shamrock Rovers 9–2 on aggregate in the preliminary round, United were paired with Dukla Prague for the first round. After the second leg in Prague, the team was scheduled to fly back to Manchester the following day, but fog over Manchester prevented this and they were forced to make hasty arrangements to travel back via ferry from the Hook of Holland to Harwich and then by train up to Manchester. This long-winded journey took its toll on the players, who were only able to manage a 1–1 away draw against Birmingham City two days later.
Eager to avoid such a scenario again, the club's management chartered a plane for the quarter-final second leg away to Red Star Belgrade. Following a 2–1 win in the first leg at Old Trafford, a 3–3 draw in Belgrade was enough to secure passage to the semi-finals. On the return flight to Manchester, British European Airways Flight 609 stopped over in a snow-covered Munich for refuelling. Once the refuelling was complete, the pilot was given clearance to take off, only to be halted by a fault with the plane's engine. A second attempt was made a few seconds later, but the same fault kept the plane grounded. Half an hour later, after inspection by the airport's engineers, the plane was given clearance for another take-off attempt. The suggested solution was to have the plane accelerate more slowly, but this meant that the take-off velocity would not be reached until the plane was even further down the runway. Once the plane reached 117 knots – the speed at which it was no longer safe to abort the take-off – the pilot would have expected the plane's velocity to continue to increase; however, there was a sudden drop in velocity and the plane was unable to take off before the end of the runway. It skidded off the end of the runway, through a wire fence and across a road before crashing into a house.
The impact of the crash and the subsequent explosion of fuel killed 21 of the 44 people on board instantly, and another two died in hospital a few days later. Eight of those who died were Manchester United players, among them Duncan Edwards, Roger Byrne and Tommy Taylor, while club secretary Walter Crickmer, trainer Tom Curry and coach Bert Whalley were also killed. Matt Busby was also severely injured, but he made a full recovery after two months in hospital. With eight of the club's first team having been killed in the accident, and several more still recuperating, a threadbare side took to the field for the semi-final matches against Milan. A 2–1 win at Old Trafford in the first leg gave the team hope of a place in the final, but a 4–0 defeat back at the San Siro put paid to those dreams. In honour of those who died, UEFA offered United a berth in the 1958–59 European Cup, drawing them against BSC Young Boys in the preliminary round, but the Football League denied United entry to the competition as they had not won the Football League the previous season after their league campaign crumbled in the aftermath of the disaster.
Return to Europe[edit]
Victory in the 1962–63 FA Cup meant that United returned to European competition after a five-year absence for the 1963–64 Cup Winners' Cup. After sweeping aside Willem II of the Netherlands and the defending champions, England's Tottenham Hotspur, United were drawn against Sporting CP in the quarter-finals. A 4–1 home win in the first leg meant that United needed to avoid defeat by more than three goals at Estádio José Alvalade to progress to the semi-finals; however, the team succumbed to their heaviest defeat in European competition to date, losing 5–0 on the night and 6–4 on aggregate.
A second-place finish in the league in 1963–64 meant that United qualified for the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup in 1964–65. They reached the semi-finals, knocking out Djurgården, Borussia Dortmund, Everton and Strasbourg before losing 2–1 to Ferencváros in a play-off after a 3–3 aggregate draw over two legs.
Back in the European Cup[edit]
The following season saw United return to the European Cup for the first time since Munich after they had beaten Leeds United to top spot in the Football League on goal average. After seeing off Finland's HJK Helsinki and Vorwärts Berlin of East Germany in the first two rounds, Manchester United were drawn against four-time finalists, two-time winners and the previous season's runners-up, Benfica. Benfica's most famous player, the Portuguese international Eusébio, had just been named the European Footballer of the Year and his team went into the tie as favourites. Despite this tag, United ran out 3–2 winners in the first leg at Old Trafford, before beating the Lisbon side 5–1 back at the Estádio da Luz, in what is considered to be the greatest match of George Best's career.[1][2][3] The result set up a semi-final tie with Partizan, a tie that would take United back to for the first time since the tragedy in Munich. Best had injured his knee in an FA Cup Sixth Round match against Preston North End a couple of weeks before, and although he played in the first leg against Partizan, he was not fully fit and United struggled, losing 2–0 at the JNA Stadium. A goal from Nobby Stiles secured a 1–0 win in the second leg back at Old Trafford, but it was not enough and Matt Busby, believing that his dream of winning the European Cup was over, considered retirement; however, he resolved to win another league title and have one last shot at Europe's biggest prize.
First European title[edit]
Manchester United won the 1966–67 Football League title by four points over Nottingham Forest with a game to spare; this secured their second European Cup appearance in three seasons for 1967–68. After overcoming the Maltese champions, Hibernians, in the first round, United were handed yet another trip to Yugoslavia, this time to take on FK Sarajevo. The Red Devils faced a long journey to Sarajevo for the first leg, and they were held to a 0–0 draw in a very physical match. The second leg was equally robust, but United took control of the tie with goals from John Aston and George Best. Sarajevo were only able to pull back one goal and United went through to the quarter-finals, where they were drawn against Polish side Górnik Zabrze. United won the first leg at Old Trafford 2–0; an own goal from Stefan Florenski put them 1–0 up after an hour, and Brian Kidd doubled their lead in the final minute. The Poles had come to be considered one of the better sides in the last eight, and they were able to come away with a 1–0 win in the second leg, but it was not enough to prevent United from progressing to a semi-final tie with Real Madrid. United's 1–0 win in the first leg at Old Trafford was all that separated the sides after a 3–3 draw at the Bernabéu, setting up a meeting with Benfica in the final at Wembley Stadium. Best was again on the scoresheet, along with two goals from Charlton and one from Kidd on his 19th birthday, as United beat the Portuguese champions 4–1 after extra time to claim their first European trophy.
United reached the semi-finals of the European Cup as holders in the 1968–69 season, but lost to Milan. They would not compete in Europe for another seven years.
European comeback[edit]
Following the retirement of Sir Matt Busby as manager at the end of the 1968–69 season, United entered a barren period that culminated in relegation to the Second Division in 1974. Promotion was achieved at the first attempt under the management of Tommy Docherty, who had taken over in December 1972, and in that first season back in the top flight, United finished third in the league to qualify for the UEFA Cup.
Although United did qualify for the European Cup Winners' Cup as FA Cup winners in 1977 and for the UEFA Cup in 1980 and 1982 with top-five finishes, they failed to make an impact on European competitions until the 1983–84 season, when they qualified for the European Cup Winners' Cup as FA Cup winners under Ron Atkinson. The United squad of this era was arguably the finest of the post-Busby era, containing star players including Ray Wilkins, Bryan Robson, Frank Stapleton and teenage forward Norman Whiteside. United achieved a famous victory over Barcelona in the quarter-finals of the 1983–84 European Cup Winners' Cup, winning the second leg 3–0 at Old Trafford after being beaten 2–0 in Spain in the first leg, made all the more impressive by the fact that Barcelona's team contained Diego Maradona, rated by many as the best footballer in the world at the time.
United reached the quarter-finals of the UEFA Cup in 1984–85, but this would be their last contribution to European football for half a decade; the subsequent Heysel Stadium disaster at the European Cup final, in which rioting by Liverpool fans resulted in the death of 39 spectators and led to a ban on all English clubs in European competitions which would not be lifted in 1990. This resulted in United missing out on qualification for the European Cup Winners' Cup in 1985, and the UEFA Cup in 1986 and 1988. During this exile from Europe, United replaced Ron Atkinson with Alex Ferguson as their manager, and he remained in charge more than a quarter of a century later.
Since 1990[edit]
Manchester United won a treble in 1999: the Premier League, Champions League and FA Cup (left to right); the English club also won the 1999 Intercontinental Cup.
When the ban on English clubs in European competitions was lifted for the 1990–91 season, United were England's representatives in the European Cup Winners' Cup, as FA Cup winners, and they marked their return to Europe by winning the competition, with a 2–1 win over Barcelona (by now without Maradona) in the final, in which Mark Hughes scored twice.[4] Their defence of the trophy in the 1991–92 season was short-lived, ending at the hands of Atlético Madrid in the second round, and they lost at the first hurdle in the 1992–93 UEFA Cup. League title glory in 1993 saw United enter the European Cup (now branded the Champions League) for the first time in 25 years, but in spite of their excellent domestic form during this era, they failed to make much of an impact in European competitions until the 1996–97 season, when they reached the semi-finals of the Champions League and were beaten by Borussia Dortmund. This campaign in Europe also saw them suffer their first defeat home in a European competition, 40 years after first competing on the continent, losing 1–0 to Turkish side Fenerbahçe in the group stage.[5]
They finally ended a 31-year wait for a second European Cup in 1999 when stoppage-time goals from Teddy Sheringham and Ole Gunnar Solskjær gave them a 2–1 win over Bayern Munich in the final in Barcelona.[6] In 2003–04, United were beaten by Porto in the last 16 of the Champions League, ending a seven-year run of quarter-final appearances in the competitions,[7] which also included one run to the final and a further two to the semi-finals.
After three short-lived Champions League campaigns, United made an impact on the competition in the 2006–07 season. After going down 2–1 in Italy to Roma in the quarter-final first leg,[8] they triumphed 7–1 in the second leg to reach the semi-finals for the first time in five years.[9] They took a 3–2 lead against Milan in the first leg,[10] only for their hopes of an all-English final with Liverpool to be ended by a 3–0 second leg defeat.[11] A year later, however, they won the trophy for the third time, beating fellow English side Chelsea on penalties in Moscow after a 1–1 draw in the first all-English European Cup final.[12]
Winners' and runners-up medals from Manchester United's UEFA Champions League final appearances in 2008, 2009 and 2011
United reached two European Cup finals in the next three years, but lost to Barcelona on both occasions; first in the 2009 final in Rome,[13] and then in the 2011 final at the new Wembley Stadium in London.[14] After finishing seventh in the Premier League in 2013–14 under David Moyes, United missed out on European football in 2014–15 for the first time in 25 years,[15] but returned to European action the following season after Moyes' replacement Louis van Gaal guided the club to fourth in the league and a place in the Champions League play-off round.[16] It was the first time that Manchester United had played in the qualifying phase of the Champions League since beating Hungarian side Debrecen in the 2005–06 competition.[17]
Matches[edit]
As of 31 October 2017
Season
Competition
Round
Opposition
Score[nb 1]
1956–57
European Cup Preliminary round Anderlecht 2–0 (A), 10–0 (H)
First round Borussia Dortmund 3–2 (H), 0–0 (A)
Quarter-final Athletic Bilbao 3–5 (A), 3–0 (H)
Semi-final Real Madrid 1–3 (A), 2–2 (H)
1957–58
European Cup Preliminary round Shamrock Rovers 6–0 (A), 3–2 (H)
First round Dukla Prague 3–0 (H), 0–1 (A)
Quarter-final Red Star Belgrade 2–1 (H), 3–3 (A)
Semi-final Milan 2–1 (H), 0–4 (A)
1958–59
European Cup Preliminary round Young Boys Withdrew
1963–64
Cup Winners' Cup Preliminary round Willem II 1–1 (A), 6–0 (H)
First round Tottenham Hotspur 0–2 (A), 4–1 (H)
Quarter-final Sporting CP 4–1 (H), 0–5 (A)
1964–65
Inter-Cities Fairs Cup First round Djurgården 1–1 (A), 6–0 (H)
Second round Borussia Dortmund 6–1 (A), 4–0 (H)
Third round Everton 1–1 (A), 6–0 (H)
Quarter-final Strasbourg 5–0 (A), 0–0 (H)
Semi-final Ferencváros 3–2 (H), 0–1 (A), 1–2 (A)
1965–66
European Cup Preliminary round HJK Helsinki 3–2 (A), 6–0 (H)
First round Vorwärts Berlin 2–0 (A), 3–1 (H)
Quarter-final Benfica 3–2 (H), 5–1 (A)
Semi-final Partizan Belgrade 0–2 (A), 1–0 (H)
1967–68
European Cup First round Hibernians 4–0 (H), 0–0 (A)
Second round FK Sarajevo 0–0 (A), 2–1 (H)
Quarter-final Górnik Zabrze 2–0 (H), 0–1 (A)
Semi-final Real Madrid 1–0 (H), 3–3 (A)
Final Benfica 4–1 (N)
1968
Intercontinental Cup Final Estudiantes 0–1 (A), 1–1 (H)
1968–69
European Cup First round Waterford 3–1 (A), 7–1 (H)
Second round Anderlecht 3–0 (H), 1–3 (A)
Quarter-final Rapid Vienna 3–0 (H), 0–0 (A)
Semi-final Milan 0–2 (A), 1–0 (H)
1976–77
UEFA Cup First round Ajax 0–1 (A), 2–0 (H)
Second round Juventus 1–0 (H), 0–3 (A)
1977–78
Cup Winners' Cup First round Saint-Étienne 1–1 (A), 2–0 (H)[nb 2]
Second round Porto 0–4 (A), 5–2 (H)
1980–81
UEFA Cup First round Widzew Łódź 1–1 (H), 0–0 (A)[nb 3]
1982–83
UEFA Cup First round Valencia 0–0 (H), 1–2 (A)
1983–84
Cup Winners' Cup First round Dukla Prague 1–1 (H), 2–2 (A)[nb 4]
Second round Spartak Varna 2–1 (A), 2–0 (H)
Quarter-final Barcelona 0–2 (A), 3–0 (H)
Semi-final Juventus 1–1 (H), 1–2 (A)
1984–85
UEFA Cup First round Rába ETO Győr 3–0 (H), 2–2 (A)
Second round PSV Eindhoven 0–0 (H), 1–0 (A)
Third round Dundee United 2–2 (H), 3–2 (A)
Quarter-final Videoton 1–0 (H), 0–1 (A)[nb 5]
1985–86
Cup Winners' Cup Banned
1986–87
UEFA Cup
1988–89
UEFA Cup
1990–91
Cup Winners' Cup First round Pécsi Munkás 2–0 (H), 1–0 (A)
Second round Wrexham 3–0 (H), 2–0 (A)
Quarter-final Montpellier 1–1 (H), 2–0 (A)
Semi-final Legia Warsaw 3–1 (A), 1–1 (H)
Final Barcelona 2–1 (N)
1991
Super Cup Final Red Star Belgrade 1–0 (H)
1991–92
Cup Winners' Cup First round Athinaikos 0–0 (A), 2–0 (H)
Second round Atlético Madrid 0–3 (A), 1–1 (H)
1992–93
UEFA Cup First round Torpedo Moscow 0–0 (H), 0–0 (A)[nb 6]
1993–94
Champions League First round Kispest Honvéd 3–2 (A), 2–1 (H)
Second round Galatasaray 3–3 (H), 0–0 (A)[nb 3]
1994–95
Champions League Group A IFK Göteborg 4–2 (H), 1–3 (A)
Galatasaray 0–0 (A), 4–0 (H)
Barcelona 2–2 (H), 0–4 (A)
1995–96
UEFA Cup First round Rotor Volgograd 0–0 (A), 2–2 (H)[nb 3]
1996–97
Champions League Group C Juventus 0–1 (A), 0–1 (H)
Rapid Vienna 2–0 (H), 2–0 (A)
Fenerbahçe 2–0 (A), 0–1 (H)
Quarter-final Porto 4–0 (H), 0–0 (A)
Semi-final Borussia Dortmund 0–1 (A), 0–1 (H)
1997–98
Champions League Group B Košice 3–0 (A), 3–0 (H)
Juventus 3–2 (H), 0–1 (A)
Feyenoord 2–1 (H), 3–1 (A)
Quarter-final AS Monaco 0–0 (A), 1–1 (H)[nb 3]
1998–99
Champions League Second qualifying round ŁKS Łódź 2–0 (H), 0–0 (A)
Group D Barcelona 3–3 (H), 3–3 (A)
Bayern Munich 2–2 (A), 1–1 (H)
Brøndby 6–2 (A), 5–0 (H)
Quarter-final Internazionale 2–0 (H), 1–1 (A)
Semi-final Juventus 1–1 (H), 3–2 (A)
Final Bayern Munich 2–1 (N)
1999
Super Cup Final Lazio 0–1 (N)
1999
Intercontinental Cup Final Palmeiras 1–0 (N)
2000
Club World Championship Group B Necaxa 1–1 (N)
Vasco da Gama 1–3 (N)
South Melbourne 2–0 (N)
1999–2000
Champions League First group round
Group D Croatia Zagreb 0–0 (H), 2–1 (A)
Sturm Graz 3–0 (A), 2–1 (H)
Marseille 2–1 (H), 0–1 (A)
Second group round
Group B Fiorentina 0–2 (A), 3–1 (H)
Valencia 3–0 (H), 0–0 (A)
Bordeaux 2–0 (H), 1–0 (A)
Quarter-final Real Madrid 0–0 (A), 2–3 (H)
2000–01
Champions League First group round
Group G Anderlecht 5–1 (H), 1–2 (A)
Dynamo Kyiv 0–0 (A), 1–0 (H)
PSV Eindhoven 1–3 (A), 3–1 (H)
Second group round
Group A Panathinaikos 3–1 (H), 1–1 (A)
Sturm Graz 2–0 (A), 3–0 (H)
Valencia 0–0 (A), 1–1 (H)
Quarter-final Bayern Munich 0–1 (H), 1–2 (A)
2001–02
Champions League First group round
Group G Lille 1–0 (H), 1–1 (A)
Deportivo 1–2 (A), 2–3 (H)
Olympiacos 2–0 (A), 3–0 (H)
Second group round
Group A Bayern Munich 1–1 (A), 0–0 (H)
Boavista 3–0 (H), 3–0 (A)
Nantes 1–1 (A), 5–1 (H)
Quarter-final Deportivo 2–0 (A), 3–2 (H)
Semi-final Bayer Leverkusen 2–2 (H), 1–1 (A)[nb 3]
2002–03
Champions League Third qualifying round Zalaegerszeg 0–1 (A), 5–0 (H)
First group round
Group F Maccabi Haifa 5–2 (H), 0–3 (A)
Bayer Leverkusen 2–1 (A), 2–0 (H)
Olympiacos 4–0 (H), 3–2 (A)
Second group round
Group D Basel 3–1 (A), 1–1 (H)
Deportivo 2–0 (H), 0–2 (A)
Juventus 2–1 (H), 3–0 (A)
Quarter-final Real Madrid 1–3 (A), 4–3 (H)
2003–04
Champions League Group E Panathinaikos 5–0 (H), 1–0 (A)
Stuttgart 1–2 (A), 2–0 (H)
Rangers 1–0 (A), 3–0 (H)
First knockout round Porto 1–2 (A), 1–1 (H)
2004–05
Champions League Third qualifying round Dinamo București 2–1 (A), 3–0 (H)
Group D Lyon 2–2 (A), 2–1 (H)
Fenerbahçe 6–2 (H), 0–3 (A)
Sparta Prague 0–0 (H), 4–1 (A)
First knockout round Milan 0–1 (H), 0–1 (A)
2005–06
Champions League Third qualifying round Debrecen 3–0 (H), 3–0 (A)
Group D Villarreal 0–0 (A), 0–0 (H)
Benfica 2–1 (H), 1–2 (A)
Lille 0–0 (H), 0–1 (A)
2006–07
Champions League Group F Celtic 3–2 (H), 0–1 (A)
Benfica 1–0 (A), 3–1 (H)
Copenhagen 3–0 (H), 0–1 (A)
First knockout round Lille 1–0 (A), 1–0 (H)
Quarter-final Roma 1–2 (A), 7–1 (H)
Semi-final Milan 3–2 (H), 0–3 (A)
2007–08
Champions League Group F Sporting CP 1–0 (A), 2–1 (H)
Roma 1–0 (H), 1–1 (A)
Dynamo Kyiv 4–2 (A), 4–0 (H)
First knockout round Lyon 1–1 (A), 1–0 (H)
Quarter-final Roma 2–0 (A), 1–0 (H)
Semi-final Barcelona 0–0 (A), 1–0 (H)
Final Chelsea 1–1 (N)[nb 7]
2008
Super Cup Final Zenit Saint Petersburg 1–2 (N)
2008
Club World Cup Semi-final Gamba Osaka 5–3 (N)
Final LDU Quito 1–0 (N)
2008–09
Champions League Group E Villarreal 0–0 (H), 0–0 (A)
Aalborg 3–0 (A), 2–2 (H)
Celtic 3–0 (H), 1–1 (A)
First knockout round Internazionale 0–0 (A), 2–0 (H)
Quarter-final Porto 2–2 (H), 1–0 (A)
Semi-final Arsenal 1–0 (H), 3–1 (A)
Final Barcelona 0–2 (N)
2009–10
Champions League Group B Beşiktaş 1–0 (A), 0–1 (H)
Wolfsburg 2–1 (H), 3–1 (A)
CSKA Moscow 1–0 (A), 3–3 (H)
Round of 16 Milan 3–2 (A), 4–0 (H)
Quarter-final Bayern Munich 1–2 (A), 3–2 (H)[nb 3]
2010–11
Champions League Group C Rangers 0–0 (H), 1–0 (A)
Valencia 1–0 (A), 1–1 (H)
Bursaspor 1–0 (H), 3–0 (A)
Round of 16 Marseille 0–0 (A), 2–1 (H)
Quarter-final Chelsea 1–0 (A), 2–1 (H)
Semi-final Schalke 04 2–0 (A), 4–1 (H)
Final Barcelona 1–3 (N)
2011–12
Champions League Group C Benfica 1–1 (A), 2–2 (H)
Basel 3–3 (H), 1–2 (A)
Oțelul Galați 2–0 (A), 2–0 (H)
2011–12
Europa League Round of 32 Ajax 2–0 (A), 1–2 (H)
Round of 16 Athletic Bilbao 2–3 (H), 1–2 (A)
2012–13
Champions League Group H Galatasaray 1–0 (H), 0–1 (A)
CFR Cluj 2–1 (A), 0–1 (H)
Braga 3–2 (H), 3–1 (A)
Round of 16 Real Madrid 1–1 (A), 1–2 (H)
2013–14
Champions League Group A Bayer Leverkusen 4–2 (H), 5–0 (A)
Shakhtar Donetsk 1–1 (A), 1–0 (H)
Real Sociedad 1–0 (H), 0–0 (A)
Round of 16 Olympiacos 0–2 (A), 3–0 (H)
Quarter-final Bayern Munich 1–1 (H), 1–3 (A)
2015–16
Champions League Play-off round Club Brugge 3–1 (H), 4–0 (A)
Group B PSV Eindhoven 1–2 (A), 0–0 (H)
Wolfsburg 2–1 (H), 2–3 (A)
CSKA Moscow 1–1 (A), 1–0 (H)
2015–16
Europa League Round of 32 Midtjylland 1–2 (A), 5–1 (H)
Round of 16 Liverpool 0–2 (A), 1–1 (H)
2016–17
Europa League Group A Fenerbahçe 4–1 (H), 1–2 (A)
Feyenoord 0–1 (A), 4–0 (H)
Zorya Luhansk 1–0 (H), 2–0 (A)
Round of 32 Saint-Étienne 3–0 (H), 1–0 (A)
Round of 16 Rostov 1–1 (A), 1–0 (H)
Quarter-final Anderlecht 1–1 (A), 2–1 (H)
Semi-final Celta Vigo 1–0 (A), 1–1 (H)
Final Ajax 2–0 (N)
2017
Super Cup Final Real Madrid 1–2 (N)
2017–18
Champions League Group A Basel 3–0 (H)
CSKA Moscow 4–1 (A)
Benfica 1–0 (A), 2–0 (H)
Overall record[edit]
By competition[edit]
As of 31 October 2017
Competition
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Win%[nb 8]
Ref
Champions League / European Cup
7002265000000000000♠265 7002149000000000000♠149 7001640000000000000♠64 7001520000000000000♠52 7002493000000000000♠493 7002249000000000000♠249 +244 07001562300000099999♠56.23 [18]
Cup Winners' Cup
7001310000000000000♠31 7001160000000000000♠16 7000900000000000000♠9 7000600000000000000♠6 7001550000000000000♠55 7001350000000000000♠35 +20 07001516100000000000♠51.61 [19]
Europa League / UEFA Cup / Inter-Cities Fairs Cup
7001540000000000000♠54 7001240000000000000♠24 7001170000000000000♠17 7001130000000000000♠13 7001860000000000000♠86 7001470000000000000♠47 +39 07001444400000000000♠44.44 [20]
Super Cup
7000400000000000000♠4 7000100000000000000♠1 5000000000000000000♠0 7000300000000000000♠3 7000300000000000000♠3 7000500000000000000♠5 −2 07001250000000000000♠25.00 [21]
Intertoto Cup
5000000000000000000♠0 5000000000000000000♠0 5000000000000000000♠0 5000000000000000000♠0 5000000000000000000♠0 5000000000000000000♠0 +0 !—
Intercontinental Cup
7000300000000000000♠3 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1 7000200000000000000♠2 7000200000000000000♠2 +0 07001333300000000000♠33.33 [22]
Club World Cup
7000500000000000000♠5 7000300000000000000♠3 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1 7001100000000000000♠10 7000700000000000000♠7 +3 07001600000000000000♠60.00 [23]
Total
7002362000000000000♠362 7002194000000000000♠194 7001920000000000000♠92 7001760000000000000♠76 7002649000000000000♠649 7002345000000000000♠345 +304 07001535900000000000♠53.59 [24]
By country[edit]
As of 31 October 2017
Country
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Win%[nb 8]
Ref
Argentina
7000200000000000000♠2 5000000000000000000♠0 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1 7000200000000000000♠2 −1 005000000000000000000♠0.00 [25]
Australia
7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1 5000000000000000000♠0 5000000000000000000♠0 7000200000000000000♠2 5000000000000000000♠0 +2 7002100000000000000♠100.00 [26]
Austria
7000800000000000000♠8 7000700000000000000♠7 7000100000000000000♠1 5000000000000000000♠0 7001170000000000000♠17 7000100000000000000♠1 +16 07001875000000000000♠87.50 [27]
Belgium
7001100000000000000♠10 7000700000000000000♠7 7000100000000000000♠1 7000200000000000000♠2 7001320000000000000♠32 7000900000000000000♠9 +23 07001700000000000000♠70.00 [28]
Bosnia and Herzegovina
7000200000000000000♠2 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1 5000000000000000000♠0 7000200000000000000♠2 7000100000000000000♠1 +1 07001500000000000000♠50.00 [29]
Brazil
7000200000000000000♠2 7000100000000000000♠1 5000000000000000000♠0 7000100000000000000♠1 7000200000000000000♠2 7000300000000000000♠3 −1 07001500000000000000♠50.00 [30]
Bulgaria
7000200000000000000♠2 7000200000000000000♠2 5000000000000000000♠0 5000000000000000000♠0 7000400000000000000♠4 7000100000000000000♠1 +3 7002100000000000000♠100.00 [31]
Croatia
7000200000000000000♠2 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1 5000000000000000000♠0 7000200000000000000♠2 7000100000000000000♠1 +1 07001500000000000000♠50.00 [32]
Czech Republic / Czechoslovakia
7000600000000000000♠6 7000200000000000000♠2 7000300000000000000♠3 7000100000000000000♠1 7001100000000000000♠10 7000500000000000000♠5 +5 07001333300000000000♠33.33 [33]
Denmark
7000800000000000000♠8 7000500000000000000♠5 7000100000000000000♠1 7000200000000000000♠2 7001250000000000000♠25 7000800000000000000♠8 +17 07001625000000000000♠62.50 [34]
East Germany
7000200000000000000♠2 7000200000000000000♠2 5000000000000000000♠0 5000000000000000000♠0 7000500000000000000♠5 7000100000000000000♠1 +4 7002100000000000000♠100.00
Ecuador
7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1 5000000000000000000♠0 5000000000000000000♠0 7000100000000000000♠1 5000000000000000000♠0 +1 7002100000000000000♠100.00 [35]
England
7001110000000000000♠11 7000600000000000000♠6 7000300000000000000♠3 7000200000000000000♠2 7001160000000000000♠16 7001110000000000000♠11 +5 07001545500000000000♠54.55 [36]
Finland
7000200000000000000♠2 7000200000000000000♠2 5000000000000000000♠0 5000000000000000000♠0 7000900000000000000♠9 7000200000000000000♠2 +7 7002100000000000000♠100.00 [37]
France
7001280000000000000♠28 7001150000000000000♠15 7001110000000000000♠11 7000200000000000000♠2 7001400000000000000♠40 7001150000000000000♠15 +25 07001535700000000000♠53.57 [38][39]
Germany / West Germany
7001310000000000000♠31 7001150000000000000♠15 7000800000000000000♠8 7000800000000000000♠8 7001600000000000000♠60 7001360000000000000♠36 +24 07001483900000000000♠48.39 [40]
Greece
7001120000000000000♠12 7000900000000000000♠9 7000200000000000000♠2 7000100000000000000♠1 7001270000000000000♠27 7000600000000000000♠6 +21 07001750000000000000♠75.00 [41]
Hungary
7001150000000000000♠15 7001100000000000000♠10 7000100000000000000♠1 7000400000000000000♠4 7001290000000000000♠29 7001120000000000000♠12 +17 07001666700000000000♠66.67 [42]
Ireland
7000400000000000000♠4 7000400000000000000♠4 5000000000000000000♠0 5000000000000000000♠0 7001190000000000000♠19 7000400000000000000♠4 +15 7002100000000000000♠100.00 [43]
Israel
7000200000000000000♠2 7000100000000000000♠1 5000000000000000000♠0 7000100000000000000♠1 7000500000000000000♠5 7000500000000000000♠5 +0 07001500000000000000♠50.00 [44]
Italy
7001350000000000000♠35 7001170000000000000♠17 7000500000000000000♠5 7001130000000000000♠13 7001490000000000000♠49 7001400000000000000♠40 +9 07001485700000000000♠48.57 [45]
Japan
7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1 5000000000000000000♠0 5000000000000000000♠0 7000500000000000000♠5 7000300000000000000♠3 +2 7002100000000000000♠100.00 [46]
Malta
7000200000000000000♠2 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1 5000000000000000000♠0 7000400000000000000♠4 5000000000000000000♠0 +4 07001500000000000000♠50.00 [47]
Mexico
7000100000000000000♠1 5000000000000000000♠0 7000100000000000000♠1 5000000000000000000♠0 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1 +0 005000000000000000000♠0.00 [48]
Netherlands
7001170000000000000♠17 7000900000000000000♠9 7000300000000000000♠3 7000500000000000000♠5 7001290000000000000♠29 7001140000000000000♠14 +15 07001529400000000000♠52.94 [49]
Poland
7000800000000000000♠8 7000300000000000000♠3 7000400000000000000♠4 7000100000000000000♠1 7000900000000000000♠9 7000400000000000000♠4 +5 07001375000000000000♠37.50 [50]
Portugal
7001270000000000000♠27 7001180000000000000♠18 7000500000000000000♠5 7000400000000000000♠4 7001580000000000000♠58 7001320000000000000♠32 +26 07001666700000000000♠66.67 [51]
Romania
7000600000000000000♠6 7000500000000000000♠5 5000000000000000000♠0 7000100000000000000♠1 7001110000000000000♠11 7000300000000000000♠3 +8 07001833300000000000♠83.33 [52]
Russia
7001120000000000000♠12 7000400000000000000♠4 7000700000000000000♠7 7000100000000000000♠1 7001150000000000000♠15 7001100000000000000♠10 +5 07001333300000000000♠33.33 [53]
Scotland
7001100000000000000♠10 7000600000000000000♠6 7000300000000000000♠3 7000100000000000000♠1 7001170000000000000♠17 7000800000000000000♠8 +9 07001600000000000000♠60.00 [54]
Serbia
7000500000000000000♠5 7000300000000000000♠3 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1 7000700000000000000♠7 7000600000000000000♠6 +1 07001600000000000000♠60.00 [55]
Slovakia
7000200000000000000♠2 7000200000000000000♠2 5000000000000000000♠0 5000000000000000000♠0 7000600000000000000♠6 5000000000000000000♠0 +6 7002100000000000000♠100.00 [56]
Spain
7001500000000000000♠50 7001130000000000000♠13 7001200000000000000♠20 7001170000000000000♠17 7001620000000000000♠62 7001700000000000000♠70 −8 07001260000000000000♠26.00 [57]
Sweden
7000400000000000000♠4 7000200000000000000♠2 7000100000000000000♠1 7000100000000000000♠1 7001120000000000000♠12 7000700000000000000♠7 +5 07001500000000000000♠50.00 [58]
Switzerland
7000500000000000000♠5 7000200000000000000♠2 7000200000000000000♠2 7000100000000000000♠1 7001110000000000000♠11 7000700000000000000♠7 +4 07001400000000000000♠40.00 [59]
Turkey
7001160000000000000♠16 7000800000000000000♠8 7000300000000000000♠3 7000500000000000000♠5 7001260000000000000♠26 7001140000000000000♠14 +12 07001500000000000000♠50.00 [60]
Ukraine
7000800000000000000♠8 7000600000000000000♠6 7000200000000000000♠2 5000000000000000000♠0 7001140000000000000♠14 7000300000000000000♠3 +11 07001750000000000000♠75.00 [61]
Wales
7000200000000000000♠2 7000200000000000000♠2 5000000000000000000♠0 5000000000000000000♠0 7000500000000000000♠5 5000000000000000000♠0 +5 7002100000000000000♠100.00 [62]
By club[edit]
As of 31 October 2017
Opponent
Played
Won
Drawn
Lost
For
Against
Difference
Aalborg 2 1 1 0 5 2 +3
Ajax 5 3 0 2 7 3 +4
Anderlecht 8 5 1 2 25 8 +17
Arsenal 2 2 0 0 4 1 +3
Athinaikos 2 1 1 0 2 0 +2
Athletic Bilbao 4 1 0 3 9 10 −1
Atlético Madrid 2 1 0 1 1 4 −3
Barcelona 11 3 4 4 15 20 −5
Basel 5 2 2 1 11 7 +4
Bayer Leverkusen 6 4 2 0 16 6 +10
Bayern Munich 11 2 5 4 13 16 −3
Benfica 11 8 2 1 25 11 +14
Beşiktaş 2 1 0 1 1 1 0
Boavista 2 2 0 0 6 0 +6
Bordeaux 2 2 0 0 3 0 +3
Borussia Dortmund 6 3 1 2 13 5 +8
Braga 2 2 0 0 6 3 +3
Brøndby 2 2 0 0 11 2 +9
Budapest Honvéd 2 2 0 0 5 3 +2
Bursaspor 2 2 0 0 4 0 +4
Celta Vigo 2 1 1 0 2 1 +1
Celtic 4 2 1 1 7 4 +3
CFR Cluj 2 1 0 1 2 2 0
Chelsea 3 2 1 0 4 2 +2
Club Brugge 2 2 0 0 7 1 +6
Copenhagen 2 1 0 1 3 1 +2
CSKA Moscow 5 3 2 0 10 5 +5
Debrecen 2 2 0 0 6 0 +6
Deportivo La Coruña 6 3 0 3 10 9 +1
Dinamo București 2 2 0 0 5 1 +4
Dinamo Zagreb 2 1 1 0 2 1 +1
Djurgården 2 1 1 0 7 1 +6
Dukla Prague 4 1 2 1 6 4 +2
Dundee United 2 1 1 0 5 4 +1
Dynamo Kyiv 4 3 1 0 9 2 +7
Estudiantes 2 0 1 1 1 2 −1
Everton 2 1 1 0 7 1 +6
Fenerbahçe 6 3 0 3 13 9 +4
Ferencváros 3 1 0 2 4 5 −1
Feyenoord 4 3 0 1 9 3 +6
Fiorentina 2 1 0 1 3 3 0
Galatasaray 6 2 3 1 8 4 +4
Gamba Osaka 1 1 0 0 5 3 +2
Górnik Zabrze 2 1 0 1 2 1 +1
Göteborg 2 1 0 1 5 5 0
Győri ETO 2 1 1 0 5 2 +3
HJK Helsinki 2 2 0 0 9 2 +7
Hibernians 2 1 1 0 4 0 +4
Internazionale 4 2 2 0 5 1 +4
Juventus 12 5 2 5 15 15 0
Košice 2 2 0 0 6 0 +6
Lazio 1 0 0 1 0 1 −1
L.D.U. Quito 1 1 0 0 1 0 +1
Legia Warsaw 2 1 1 0 4 2 +2
Lille 6 3 2 1 4 2 +2
Liverpool 2 0 1 1 1 3 −2
ŁKS Łódź 2 1 1 0 2 0 +2
Lyon 4 2 2 0 6 4 +2
Maccabi Haifa 2 1 0 1 5 5 0
Marseille 4 2 1 1 4 3 +1
Midtjylland 2 1 0 1 6 3 +3
Milan 10 5 0 5 13 16 −3
AS Monaco 2 0 2 0 1 1 0
Montpellier 2 1 1 0 3 1 +2
Nantes 2 1 1 0 6 2 +4
Necaxa 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
Olympiacos 6 5 0 1 15 4 +11
Oțelul Galați 2 2 0 0 4 0 +4
Palmeiras 1 1 0 0 1 0 +1
Panathinaikos 4 3 1 0 10 2 +8
Partizan 2 1 0 1 1 2 −1
Pécsi MFC 2 2 0 0 3 0 +3
Porto 8 3 3 2 14 11 +3
PSV Eindhoven 6 2 2 2 6 6 0
Rangers 4 3 1 0 5 0 +5
Rapid Wien 4 3 1 0 7 0 +7
Real Madrid 11 2 4 5 17 22 −5
Real Sociedad 2 1 1 0 1 0 +1
Red Star Belgrade 3 2 1 0 6 4 +2
Roma 6 4 1 1 13 4 +9
Rostov 2 1 1 0 2 1 +1
Rotor Volgograd 2 0 2 0 2 2 0
Saint-Étienne 4 3 1 0 7 1 +6
FK Sarajevo 2 1 1 0 2 1 +1
Schalke 04 2 2 0 0 6 1 +5
Shakhtar Donetsk 2 1 1 0 2 1 +1
Shamrock Rovers 2 2 0 0 9 2 +7
South Melbourne 1 1 0 0 2 0 +2
Sparta Prague 2 1 1 0 4 1 +3
Spartak Varna 2 2 0 0 4 1 +3
Sporting CP 4 3 0 1 7 7 0
Strasbourg 2 1 1 0 5 0 +5
Sturm Graz 4 4 0 0 10 1 +9
Stuttgart 2 1 0 1 3 2 +1
Torpedo Moscow 2 0 2 0 0 0 0
Tottenham Hotspur 2 1 0 1 4 3 +1
Valencia 8 2 5 1 7 4 +3
Vasco da Gama 1 0 0 1 1 3 −2
Videoton 2 1 0 1 1 1 0
Villarreal 4 0 4 0 0 0 0
Vorwärts Berlin 2 2 0 0 5 1 +4
Waterford 2 2 0 0 10 2 +8
Widzew Łódź 2 0 2 0 1 1 0
Willem II 2 1 1 0 7 1 +6
Wolfsburg 4 3 0 1 9 6 +3
Wrexham 2 2 0 0 5 0 +5
Zalaegerszeg 2 1 0 1 5 1 +4
Zenit Saint Petersburg 1 0 0 1 1 2 −1
Zorya Luhansk 2 2 0 0 3 0 +3
Honours[edit]
European[edit]
European Cup/UEFA Champions League: 3
1967–68, 1998–99, 2007–08
UEFA Europa League: 1
2016–17
UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: 1
1990–91
UEFA Super Cup: 1
1991
Worldwide[edit]
Intercontinental Cup: 1
1999
FIFA Club World Cup: 1
2008
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Manchester United score comes first
Jump up ^ Home game played at Home Park, Plymouth
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Lost on away goals
Jump up ^ Won on away goals
Jump up ^ Lost 5–4 on penalties
Jump up ^ Lost 4–3 on penalties
Jump up ^ Won 6–5 on penalties
^ Jump up to: a b Win% is rounded to two decimal places
References[edit]
Jump up ^ May, John (25 November 2005). "The best of Best". BBC Sport. British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 30 June 2011.
Jump up ^ "George Best: The Times obituary". Times Online. Times Newspapers. 25 November 2005. Retrieved 30 June 2011.
Jump up ^ Bostock, A.; Shaw, M. (9 March 2011). "George Best's finest hour". ManUtd.com. Manchester United. Retrieved 30 June 2011.
Jump up ^ Marshall, Adam (25 May 2011). "European triumphs: 1991". ManUtd.com. Manchester United. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ Moore, Glenn (31 October 1996). "United's record ended by Bolic". independent.co.uk. Independent Print. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "United crowned kings of Europe". BBC News (British Broadcasting Corporation). 26 May 1999. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Man Utd 1-1 Porto". BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation). 9 March 2004. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ McNulty, Phil (4 April 2007). "Roma 2-1 Man Utd". BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation). Retrieved 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ Bevan, Chris (10 April 2007). "Man Utd 7-1 Roma (agg 8-3)". BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation). Retrieved 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ McNulty, Phil (24 April 2007). "Man Utd 3-2 AC Milan". BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation). Retrieved 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ Cheese, Caroline (2 May 2007). "AC Milan 3-0 Man Utd (Agg: 5-3)". BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation). Retrieved 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ McNulty, Phil (22 May 2008). "Man Utd earn dramatic Euro glory". BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation). Retrieved 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ McNulty, Phil (27 May 2009). "Barcelona 2-0 Man Utd". BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation). Retrieved 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ McNulty, Phil (28 May 2011). "Barcelona 3-1 Man Utd". BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation). Retrieved 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "David Moyes: Manchester United manager sacked by club". BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation). 22 April 2014. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Manchester United could face Monaco in Champions League". BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation). 1 June 2015. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ Dawson, Rob (24 May 2015). "Manchester United to face Champions League play-off". Manchester Evening News. MEN Media. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
Jump up ^ "United in the European Cup / Champions League". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
Jump up ^ "United in the European Cup Winners' Cup". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 15 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "United in the Fairs Cup / Europa League / UEFA Cup". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 15 March 2012.
Jump up ^ "United in the European Super Cup". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 15 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "United in the Inter-Continental Cup". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 15 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "United in the Club World Cup". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 15 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "Won, Drawn, Lost". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Argentina". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Australia". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Austria". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Belgium". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Bosnia and Herzegovina". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Brazil". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Bulgaria". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Croatia". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Czech Republic". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Denmark". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Ecuador". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from England". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 12 April 2011.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Finland". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from France". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 15 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Monaco". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 15 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Germany". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2013.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Greece". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Hungary". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Ireland". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Israel". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Italy". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Japan". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Malta". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Mexico". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from the Netherlands". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 23 February 2012.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Poland". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Portugal". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 7 November 2012.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Romania". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Russia". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Scotland". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 24 November 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Serbia". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Slovakia". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Spain". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Sweden". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Switzerland". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Turkey". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Ukraine". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "United against teams from Wales". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
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