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Logical link control
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OSI model
by layer
7. Application layer[show]
NNTP
SIP
SSI
DNS
FTP
Gopher
HTTP
NFS
NTP
SMPP
SMTP
SNMP
Telnet
DHCP
Netconf
more....
6. Presentation layer[show]
MIME
XDR
ASN.1
5. Session layer[show]
Named pipe
NetBIOS
SAP
PPTP
RTP
SOCKS
SPDY
4. Transport layer[show]
TCP
UDP
SCTP
DCCP
SPX
3. Network layer[show]
IP
IPv4
IPv6
ICMP
IPsec
IGMP
IPX
AppleTalk
X.25 PLP
2. Data link layer[hide]
ATM
ARP
IS-IS
SDLC
HDLC
CSLIP
SLIP
GFP
PLIP
IEEE 802.2
LLC
MAC
L2TP
IEEE 802.3
Frame Relay
ITU-T G.hn DLL
PPP
X.25 LAPB
Q.921 LAPD
Q.922 LAPF
1. Physical layer[show]
EIA/TIA-232
EIA/TIA-449
ITU-T V-Series
I.430
I.431
PDH
SONET/SDH
PON
OTN
DSL
IEEE 802.3
IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.15
IEEE 802.16
IEEE 1394
ITU-T G.hn PHY
USB
Bluetooth
RS-232
RS-449
v
t
e
In the IEEE 802 reference model of computer networking, the logical link control (LLC) data communication protocol layer is the upper sublayer of the data link layer (layer 2) of the seven-layer OSI model. The LLC sublayer provides multiplexing mechanisms that make it possible for several network protocols (e.g. IP, IPX, Decnet and Appletalk) to coexist within a multipoint network and to be transported over the same network medium. It can also provide flow control and automatic repeat request (ARQ) error management mechanisms.
The LLC sublayer acts as an interface between the media access control (MAC) sublayer and the network layer.
Contents
1 Operation
2 Application examples
2.1 X.25 and LAPB
2.2 Local area network (LAN) and metropolitan area network (MAN) protocols
2.2.1 Ethernet
2.2.2 Wireless LAN
2.3 HDLC
2.4 PPP and modems
2.5 Cellular systems
2.6 Power lines
3 See also
Operation[edit]
The LLC sublayer is primarily concerned with multiplexing protocols transmitted over the MAC layer (when transmitting) and demultiplexing them (when receiving). It can also provide node-to-node flow control and error management.
The flow control and error management capabilities of the LLC sublayer are used by protocols such as the NetBIOS Frames protocol. However, most protocol stacks running atop 802.2 do not use LLC sublayer flow control and error management. In these cases flow control and error management are taken care of by a transport layer protocol such as TCP or by some application layer protocol. These higher layer protocols work in an end-to-end fashion, i.e. re-transmission is done from the original source to the final destination, rather than on individual physical segments. For these protocol stacks only the multiplexing capabilities of the LLC sublayer are used.
Application examples[edit]
X.25 and LAPB[edit]
An LLC sublayer was a key component in early packet switching networks such as X.25 networks with the LAPB data link layer protocol, where flow control and error management were carried out in a node-to-node fashion, meaning that if an error was detected in a frame, the frame was retransmitted from one switch to next instead. This extensive handshaking between the nodes made the networks slow.
Local area network (LAN) and metropolitan area network (MAN) protocols[edit]
The IEEE 802.2 standard specifies the LLC sublayer for all IEEE 802 local area networks, such as IEEE 802.3/Ethernet (if the EtherType field is not used), IEEE 802.5, and IEEE 802.11. IEEE 802.2 is also used in some non-IEEE 802 networks such as FDDI.
Ethernet[edit]
Since bit errors are very rare in wired networks, Ethernet does not provide flow control or automatic repeat request (ARQ), meaning that incorrect packets are detected but only cancelled, not retransmitted (except in case of collisions detected by the CSMA/CD MAC layer protocol). Instead, retransmissions rely on higher layer protocols.
As the EtherType in an Ethernet frame using Ethernet II framing is used to multiplex different protocols on top of the Ethernet MAC header it can be seen as an LLC identifier. However, Ethernet frames lacking an EtherType have no LLC identifier in the Ethernet header, and, instead, use an IEEE 802.2 LLC header after the Ethernet header to provide the protocol multiplexing function.
Wireless LAN[edit]
In wireless communications, bit errors are very common. In wireless networks such as IEEE 802.11, flow control and error management is part of the CSMA/CA MAC protocol, and not part of the LLC layer. The LLC sublayer follows the IEEE 802.2 standard.
HDLC[edit]
Some non-IEEE 802 protocols can be thought of as being split into MAC and LLC layers. For example, while HDLC specifies both MAC functions (framing of packets) and LLC functions (protocol multiplexing, flow control, detection, and error control through a retransmission of dropped packets when indicated), some protocols such as Cisco HDLC can use HDLC-like packet framing and their own LLC protocol.
PPP and modems[edit]
Over telephone network modems, PPP link layer protocols can be considered as a LLC protocol, providing multiplexing, but it does not provide flow control and error management. In a telephone network, bit errors might be common, meaning that error management is crucial, but that is today provided by modern protocols. Today's modem protocols have inherited LLC features from the older LAPM link layer protocol, made for modem communication in old X.25 networks.
Cellular systems[edit]
The GPRS LLC layer also does ciphering and deciphering of SN-PDU (SNDCP) packets.
Power lines[edit]
Another example of a data link layer which is split between LLC (for flow and error control) and MAC (for multiple access) is the ITU-T G.hn standard, which provides high-speed local area networking over existing home wiring (power lines, phone lines and coaxial cables).
See also[edit]
Virtual Circuit Multiplexing (VC-MUX)
Subnetwork Access Protocol (SNAP)
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Sisyphus
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This article appears to contain trivial, minor, or unrelated references to popular culture. Please reorganize this content to explain the subject's impact on popular culture, using references to reliable sources, rather than simply listing appearances. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2018)
For other uses, see Sisyphus (disambiguation).
Persephone supervising Sisyphus in the Underworld, Attica black-figure amphora (vase), c. 530 BC, Staatliche Antikensammlungen[1]
In Greek mythology Sisyphus or Sisyphos (/ˈsɪsɪfəs/;[2] Greek: Σίσυφος, Sísuphos) was the king of Ephyra (now known as Corinth). He was punished for his self-aggrandizing craftiness and deceitfulness by being forced to roll an immense boulder up a hill only for it to roll down when it nears the top, repeating this action for eternity. Through the classical influence on modern culture, tasks that are both laborious and futile are therefore described as Sisyphean (/ˌsɪsɪˈfiːən/).
Contents
1 Etymology
2 Family
3 Mythology
3.1 Reign
3.2 Conflict with Salmoneus
3.3 Cheating death
3.4 Punishment in the Underworld
4 Interpretations
4.1 Literary interpretations
5 In popular culture
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Etymology[edit]
Linguistics Professor R. S. P. Beekes has suggested a pre-Greek origin and a connection with the root of the word sophos (σοφός, "wise").[3] German mythographer Otto Gruppe thought that the name derived from sisys (σίσυς, "a goat's skin"), in reference to a rain-charm in which goats' skins were used.[4]
Family[edit]
Sisyphus was the son of King Aeolus of Thessaly and Enarete. He was the father of Glaucus, Ornytion, Almus, and Thersander by the nymph Merope, the brother of Salmoneus, and the grandfather of Bellerophon through Glaucus.[5][6][7]
Mythology[edit]
Greek underworld
Residents
Aeacus
Angelos
Arae
Ascalaphus
Cerberus
Ceuthonymus
Charon
Erinyes
Eurynomos
Hades/Pluto
Hecate
Hypnos
Macaria
Melinoe
Menoetius
Minos
Moirai
Mormolykeia
Persephone
Rhadamanthus
Thanatos
Geography
Acheron
Asphodel
Fields
Cocytus
Elysium
Erebus
Lethe
Phlegethon
Styx
Tartarus
Famous Tartarus inmates
The Danaides
Ixion
Salmoneus
Sisyphus
Tantalus
The Titans
Tityus
Visitors
Aeneas
Dionysus
Heracles
Hermes
Odysseus
Orpheus
Pirithous
Psyche
Theseus
v
t
e
Reign[edit]
Sisyphus was the founder and first king of Ephyra (supposedly the original name of Corinth).[5] King Sisyphus promoted navigation and commerce but was avaricious and deceitful. He also killed travellers and guests, a violation of xenia, which fell under Zeus's domain. He took pleasure in these killings because they allowed him to maintain his iron-fisted rule.
Conflict with Salmoneus[edit]
Sisyphus and his brother Salmoneus were known to hate each other, and Sisyphus consulted with the Oracle of Delphi on just how to kill Salmoneus without incurring any severe consequences for himself. From Homer onward, Sisyphus was famed as the craftiest of men. He seduced Salmoneus's daughter Tyro in one of his plots to kill Salmoneus, only for Tyro to slay the children she bore him when she discovered that Sisyphus was planning on using them eventually to dethrone her father.
Cheating death[edit]
King Sisyphus also betrayed one of Zeus's secrets by revealing the whereabouts of Aegina, (an Asopid who was taken away by Zeus) to her father (the river god Asopus) in return for causing a spring to flow on the Corinthian acropolis.[8]
Zeus then ordered Thanatos, Death, to chain King Sisyphus down below in Tartarus. Sisyphus was curious as to why Hermes, whose job it was to guide souls to the Underworld, had not appeared on this occasion. King Sisyphus slyly asked Thanatos to demonstrate how the chains worked. As Thanatos was granting him his wish, Sisyphus seized the opportunity and trapped Thanatos in the chains instead. Once Thanatos was bound by the strong chains, no one died on earth. This caused an uproar especially for Ares (who was annoyed that his battles had lost their fun because his opponents would not die), and so he intervened. The exasperated Ares freed Thanatos and turned King Sisyphus over to Thanatos.[9]
In another version, Hades was sent to chain Sisyphus and was chained himself. As long as Hades was tied up, nobody could die. Because of this, sacrifices could not be made to the gods, and those that were old and sick were suffering. The gods finally threatened to make life so miserable for Sisyphus that he would wish he were dead. He then had no choice but to release Hades.[10]
Before King Sisyphus died, he had told his wife to throw his naked body into the middle of the public square (purportedly as a test of his wife's love for him). This caused King Sisyphus to end up on the shores of the river Styx. Then, complaining to Persephone, goddess of the Underworld, that this was a sign of his wife's disrespect for him, King Sisyphus persuaded her to allow him to return to the upper world. Once back in Ephyra, the spirit of King Sisyphus scolded his wife for not burying his body and giving it a proper funeral (as a loving wife should). When King Sisyphus refused to return to the Underworld, he was forcibly dragged back there by Hermes.[citation needed] In another version of the myth, Persephone was tricked by Sisyphus that he had been conducted to Tartarus by mistake, and so she ordered that he be released.[11]
In Philoctetes by Sophocles, there is a reference to the father of Odysseus (rumoured to have been Sisyphus, and not Laërtes, whom we know as the father in the Odyssey) upon having returned from the dead.
Punishment in the Underworld[edit]
As a punishment for his trickery, King Sisyphus was made to endlessly roll a huge boulder up a steep hill.[5][12][13] The maddening nature of the punishment was reserved for King Sisyphus due to his hubristic belief that his cleverness surpassed that of Zeus himself. Zeus accordingly displayed his own cleverness by enchanting the boulder into rolling away from King Sisyphus before he reached the top, which ended up consigning Sisyphus to an eternity of useless efforts and unending frustration. Thus it came to pass that pointless or interminable activities are sometimes described as Sisyphean. King Sisyphus was a common subject for ancient writers and was depicted by the painter Polygnotus on the walls of the Lesche at Delphi.[14]
Interpretations[edit]
Sisyphus as a symbol for continuing a senseless war. Johann Vogel: Meditationes emblematicae de restaurata pace Germaniae, 1649
According to the solar theory, King Sisyphus is the disk of the sun that rises every day in the east and then sinks into the west.[15] Other scholars regard him as a personification of waves rising and falling, or of the treacherous sea.[15] The 1st-century BC Epicurean philosopher Lucretius interprets the myth of Sisyphus as personifying politicians aspiring for political office who are constantly defeated, with the quest for power, in itself an "empty thing", being likened to rolling the boulder up the hill.[16] Friedrich Welcker suggested that he symbolises the vain struggle of man in the pursuit of knowledge, and Salomon Reinach[17] that his punishment is based on a picture in which Sisyphus was represented rolling a huge stone Acrocorinthus, symbolic of the labour and skill involved in the building of the Sisypheum. Albert Camus, in his 1942 essay The Myth of Sisyphus, saw Sisyphus as personifying the absurdity of human life, but Camus concludes "one must imagine Sisyphus happy" as "The struggle itself towards the heights is enough to fill a man's heart." More recently, J. Nigro Sansonese,[18] building on the work of Georges Dumézil, speculates that the origin of the name "Sisyphos" is onomatopoetic of the continual back-and-forth, susurrant sound ("siss phuss") made by the breath in the nasal passages, situating the mythology of Sisyphus in a far larger context of archaic (see Proto-Indo-European religion) trance-inducing techniques related to breath control. The repetitive inhalation–exhalation cycle is described esoterically in the myth as an up–down motion of Sisyphus and his boulder on a hill.
In experiments that test how workers respond when the meaning of their task is diminished, the test condition is referred to as the Sisyphusian condition. The two main conclusions of the experiment are that people work harder when their work seems more meaningful, and that people underestimate the relationship between meaning and motivation.[19]
Literary interpretations[edit]
Sisyphys (1548–49) by Titian, Prado Museum, Madrid, Spain
Sisypher dwarves by Tomasz Moczek (pl) in Wrocław
Homer describes Sisyphus in both Book VI of the Iliad and Book XI of the Odyssey.[7][13]
Ovid, the Roman poet, makes reference to Sisyphus in the story of Orpheus and Eurydice. When Orpheus descends and confronts Hades and Persephone, he sings a song so that they will grant his wish to bring Eurydice back from the dead. After this song is sung, Ovid shows how moving it was by noting that Sisyphus, emotionally affected, for just a moment, stops his eternal task and sits on his rock, the Latin wording being inque tuo sedisti, Sisyphe, saxo ("and you sat, Sisyphus, on your rock").[20]
In Plato's Apology, Socrates looks forward to the after-life where he can meet figures such as Sisyphus, who think themselves wise, so that he can question them and find who is wise and who "thinks he is when he is not"[21]
Albert Camus, the French absurdist, wrote an essay entitled The Myth of Sisyphus, in which he elevates Sisyphus to the status of absurd hero. Franz Kafka repeatedly referred to Sisyphus as a bachelor; Kafkaesque for him were those qualities that brought out the Sisyphus-like qualities in himself. According to Frederick Karl: "The man who struggled to reach the heights only to be thrown down to the depths embodied all of Kafka's aspirations; and he remained himself, alone, solitary."[22] The philosopher Richard Taylor uses the myth of Sisyphus as a representation of a life made meaningless because it consists of bare repetition.[23]
Wolfgang Mieder has collected cartoons that build on the image of Sisyphus, many of them editorial cartoons.[24]
In popular culture[edit]
King Sisyphus was featured in Hercules: The Legendary Journeys and Xena: Warrior Princess portrayed by Ray Henwood in the first two appearances and by Charles Siebert in the third appearance.
A version of King Sisyphus appeared in the animated series Ulysses 31. Who is offered a way out of his punishment by Zeus if he manages to get the traveler; Ulysses who is journeying throughout unknown space to find a way home. To replace him in the pit, in the episode; The Eternal Punishment.
King Sisyphus is featured in Percy Jackson & the Olympians. He appears in The Demigod Files story titled "The Sword of Hades" in which Percy Jackson, Thalia Grace, and Nico di Angelo follow the trail of the person that stole the Sword of Hades to Sisyphus' area in the Fields of Punishment. Percy and Nico ask him for advice while Thalia pushes the boulder up the hill. As they leave, Sisyphus begs them to set him free.
Sisyphus is the main character in a 2011 video game Rock of Ages, in which he travels through several time periods with a giant boulder defeating his enemies, including the Greek titan Cronus, who serves as the main villain of the story. Sisyphus's appearance is based on the black figure Amphora.
See also[edit]
Comparable characters:
Tantalus – tormented also in the Underworld
Wu Gang – also tasked with the impossible: to fell a self-regenerating tree
Naranath Bhranthan, a willing boulder pusher in Indian folklore
Sisyphus cooling, a cooling technique named after the Sisyphus myth
Syzyfowe prace, a novel by Stefan Żeromski
The Hill – a film
Triangle – a film
I, Sisyphus – a short film
The Myth of Sisyphus – a 1942 philosophical essay by Albert Camus
References[edit]
Jump up ^ museum inv. 1494
Jump up ^ "sisyphean". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Jump up ^ R. S. P. Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek, Brill, 2009, p. xxxiii.
Jump up ^ Gruppe, O. Griechische Mythologie (1906), ii., p. 1021
^ Jump up to: a b c "Apollodorus, Library, 1.9". Perseus Digital Library. Retrieved 2014-10-09.
Jump up ^ "Apollodorus, Library, 1.7". Perseus Digital Library. Retrieved 2014-10-09.
^ Jump up to: a b Homer, Iliad VI 152ff
Jump up ^ "Apollodorus, Library, 1.9.3". Perseus Digital Library. Retrieved 2018-08-09. ;| "Pausanias, Description of Greece, 2.5.1". Perseus Digital Library. Retrieved 2018-08-09.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 20 October 2010.
Jump up ^ "Ancient Greeks: Is death necessary and can death actually harm us?". Mlahanas.de. Archived from the original on 2 July 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2014.
Jump up ^ Bernard Evslin's gods, Demigods & Demons, 209–210
Jump up ^ "Homeros, Odyssey, 11.13". Perseus Digital Library. Retrieved 2014-10-09.
^ Jump up to: a b Odyssey, xi. 593
Jump up ^ Pausanias x. 31
^ Jump up to: a b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Sisyphus". Encyclopædia Britannica. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 161.
Jump up ^ De Rerum Natura III
Jump up ^ Revue archéologique, 1904
Jump up ^ Sansonese, J. Nigro. The Body of Myth. Rochester, 1994, pp. 45–52. ISBN 0-89281-409-8
Jump up ^ Ariely, Dan (2010). The Upside of Irrationality. ISBN 0-06-199503-7.
Jump up ^ Ovid. Metamorphoses, 10.44.
Jump up ^ Apology, 41a
Jump up ^ Karl, Frederick. Franz Kafka: Representative Man. New York: International Publishing Corporation, 1991. p. 2
Jump up ^ Taylor, Richard. "Time and Life's Meaning." Review of Metaphysics 40 (June 1987): 675–686.
Jump up ^ Wolfgang Mieder. 2013. Neues von Sisyphus: Sprichtwortliche Mythen der Antike in moderner Literatur, Medien und Karikaturen. Vienna: Praesens.
External links[edit]
Look up Sisyphean in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sisyphus.
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"Sisyphus". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.
"Sisyphus". New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
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VIAF: 67258418
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text:
Visa policy of Saint Lucia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Saint Lucia entry stamp
Visitors to Saint Lucia must obtain a visa unless they come from one of the visa exempt countries. All visitors must hold a passport valid for 6 months.
Cruise ship passengers visiting Saint Lucia for one day are exempted from obtaining visas.
Saint Lucia signed a mutual visa-waiver agreement with the European Union on 28 May 2015 with immediate effect on provisional basis and which was ratified on 15 December 2015.[1][2] This agreement allows all citizens of states that are contracting parties to the Schengen Agreement to stay without a visa for a maximum period of 90 days in any 180-day period.[3]
Nationals of OECS countries and France can enter with a national ID card instead of a passport.
Contents
[hide]
1 Visa policy map
2 Visa exemption
3 See also
4 References
Visa policy map[edit]
Visa policy of Saint Lucia
Visa exemption[edit]
Nationals of OECS countries have freedom of movement, while European Union / EFTA nationals [4] can visit Saint Lucia without a visa for a maximum stay of 90 days in any 180-days.[5] National ID cards from OECS countries and France are accepted instead of passports.
Citizens of the following 57 countries and territories (excluding British and Dutch territories which are listed separately as per Saint Lucia Government policy) can visit Saint Lucia without a visa for up to 6 weeks:[6]
Andorra
Anguilla
Argentina
Aruba
Australia
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Bermuda
Bonaire
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei
Canada
Cayman Islands
Chile
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curacao
Fiji
Georgia
Gibraltar
Guernsey
Hong Kong
Ireland
Isle of Man
Israel
Jamaica
Japan
Jersey
Kiribati
South Korea
Kuwait
Lesotho
Malawi
Maldives
Marshall Islands
Mauritius
Mexico
Micronesia
Monaco
Montenegro
Montserrat
Namibia
Nauru
New Zealand
Panama
Russia
Saba
Samoa
San Marino
Seychelles
Singapore (15 days)
Sint Eustatius
Solomon Islands
South Africa
Swaziland
Taiwan
Tanzania
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Turkey
Turks and Caicos Islands
Tuvalu
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Vanuatu
Venezuela
Zambia
Citizens of the following 52 countries and territories can obtain a visa on arrival valid for 6 weeks:[7]
American Samoa
Benin
Bhutan
Bolivia
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Cape Verde
Comoros
Cote d'Ivoire
Croatia
Djibouti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guatemala
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Honduras
India
Kenya
Kyrgyzstan
Macao
Macedonia
Madagascar
Malaysia
Mali
Mauritania
Moldova
Mongolia
Mozambique
Nicaragua
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Sao Tome and Principe
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Sudan
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Togo
Uganda
Vietnam
Zimbabwe
See also[edit]
Visa requirements for Saint Lucia citizens
References[edit]
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ EU signs visa waiver agreements with 7 ACP countries
Jump up ^ Agreement between the European Union and Saint Lucia on the short-stay visa waiver
Jump up ^ Except Ireland and the United Kingdom.
Jump up ^ EU signs visa waiver agreements with 7 ACP countries
Jump up ^ Saint Lucia visa requirements
Jump up ^ "Country information (visa section)". Timatic. International Air Transport Association (IATA) through Olympic Air. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
[show]
v
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Visa policy by country
Visa
Passport
Travel document
Africa
Central
Angola
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
DR Congo
R Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
São Tomé and Príncipe
Eastern
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mozambique
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia (Somaliland)
South Sudan
Tanzania
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Northern
Algeria
Egypt8
Libya
Morocco
Sudan
Tunisia
Southern
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha1
South Africa
Swaziland
Western
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Ivory Coast
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
Americas
Caribbean
Dutch Caribbean (Aruba, Caribbean Netherlands, Curaçao, Sint Maarten)
Anguilla1
Antigua and Barbuda
Bahamas
Barbados
British Virgin Islands1
Cayman Islands1
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Grenada
Haiti
Jamaica
Montserrat1
Puerto Rico11
St. Kitts and Nevis
St. Lucia
St. Vincent and the Grenadines
Trinidad and Tobago
Turks and Caicos Islands1
Central
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
North
Bermuda1
Canada
Mexico
United States
South
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Falkland Islands1
Guyana
Paraguay
Peru
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands1
Suriname
Uruguay
Venezuela
Asia
Central & North
Afghanistan
Kazakhstan6
Kyrgyzstan
Russia3
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
East
China
Hong Kong
Macau
Japan
North Korea
South Korea
Mongolia
Taiwan (Republic of China)10
South
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Southeast
Brunei
Cambodia
East Timor
Indonesia
Laos
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Vietnam
Western
Abkhazia510
Akrotiri and Dhekelia1 7
Armenia7
Artsakh7 10
Azerbaijan5
Bahrain
Cyprus7
Egypt8
Georgia5
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Northern Cyprus7 10
Oman
Palestine
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
South Ossetia5
Syria
Turkey4
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Europe
European Union/EFTA
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Czech Republic
Cyprus7
Denmark
Faroe Islands
Estonia
Finland
France
Overseas
Germany
Gibraltar1
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Overseas
Norway
Svalbard12
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Overseas
Other Europe
Abkhazia5 10
Akrotiri and Dhekelia1 7
Albania
Andorra
Armenia7
Artsakh7 10
Azerbaijan5
Belarus
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Georgia5
Kazakhstan6
Kosovo10
Macedonia
Moldova
Monaco 2
Montenegro
Northern Cyprus7 10
Russia3
San Marino 2
Serbia
South Ossetia5 10
Transnistria10
Turkey4
Ukraine
Vatican City 2
Oceania
American Samoa11
Australia
Cook Islands9
Fiji
Guam11
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Micronesia
Nauru
New Zealand
Niue9
Northern Mariana Islands11
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Pitcairn Islands1
Samoa
Solomon Islands
Tokelau9
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
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Immigration law
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Visa_policy_of_Saint_Lucia&oldid=792329225"
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