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The Conjuring
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This article is about the film. For the Megadeth song, see The Conjuring (song). For other uses, see Conjuration (disambiguation).
The Conjuring
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
James Wan
Produced by
Tony DeRosa-Grund
Peter Safran
Rob Cowan
Written by
Chad Hayes
Carey W. Hayes
Starring
Vera Farmiga
Patrick Wilson
Ron Livingston
Lili Taylor
Music by
Joseph Bishara
Cinematography
John R. Leonetti
Edited by
Kirk M. Morri
Production
companies
New Line Cinema
The Safran Company
Evergreen Media Group
Distributed by
Warner Bros. Pictures
Release date
July 15, 2013 (2013-07-15) (Cinerama Dome)
July 19, 2013 (2013-07-19) (United States)
Running time
112 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$20 million[2]
Box office
$318 million[2]
The Conjuring is a 2013 American supernatural horror film directed by James Wan and written by Chad Hayes and Carey W. Hayes. It is the first installment in The Conjuring series.[3] Patrick Wilson and Vera Farmiga star as Ed and Lorraine Warren, paranormal investigators and authors associated with prominent cases of haunting. Their purportedly real-life reports inspired The Amityville Horror story and film franchise.[4] The Warrens come to the assistance of the Perron family (Ron Livingston and Lili Taylor), who are experiencing increasingly disturbing events in their farmhouse in Rhode Island in 1971.[5]
The Conjuring was released in the United States and Canada on July 19, 2013, and received positive reviews from critics. It grossed over $318 million worldwide against its $20 million budget, making it one of the highest-grossing horror films of all time. A sequel, The Conjuring 2, was released on June 10, 2016.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
3.1 Development
3.2 Pre-production
3.3 Filming
3.4 Post-production
4 Music
5 Distribution
5.1 Marketing
5.2 Theatrical release
5.3 Home media
6 Lawsuits
7 Reception
7.1 Box office
7.2 Critical response
7.3 Accolades
8 Sequels
8.1 The Conjuring 2
8.2 The Conjuring 3
9 Spin-off films
10 See also
11 References
12 External links
Plot[edit]
In 1971, Roger and Carolyn Perron move into a dilapidated farmhouse in Harrisville, Rhode Island with their five daughters Andrea, Nancy, Christine, Cindy, and April. Their dog Sadie refuses to enter the house and one of the children, while playing a game of "hide and clap", finds a boarded-up entrance to a cellar.
Paranormal events occur within the first few nights: all of the clocks stop at exactly 3:07 AM and Sadie is found dead in the backyard. One night in bed, Christine encounters a malevolent spirit only she can see, prompting her to claim that the spirit wants her family dead. Another night, Carolyn hears clapping in the hallway. When she goes to investigate, following the noises, she gets trapped in the basement by the spirit. At the same moment, Andrea and Cindy are attacked by the spirit on top of the wardrobe.
Carolyn decides to contact demonologists Ed and Lorraine Warren, who have recently investigated a possessed doll called Annabelle. The Warrens agree to take on the case, conduct an initial investigation and conclude that the house may require an exorcism, but they need authorization from the Catholic Church and further evidence before they can proceed.
Ed and Lorraine discover that the house once belonged to an accused witch, Bathsheba (a relative of Mary Towne Eastey), who sacrificed her week-old child to the devil and killed herself in 1863 after cursing all who would take her land. They find reports of numerous murders and suicides in houses that had since been built on the property.
To gather evidence, Ed and Lorraine place cameras and bells around the house. They see Cindy sleepwalking into Andrea's room, and from the EVPs coming from the radio, they hear a spirit luring Cindy into the wardrobe, where she reveals a secret passage inside. Lorraine enters the passage and falls through the floorboards to the cellar, where she sees the spirit of a woman whom Bathsheba had long ago possessed and used to kill her child.
The Perron family decides to take refuge at a motel while Ed and Lorraine take their evidence to the Church. The Warrens' daughter Judy is attacked in their own home by Bathsheba, though Ed arrives in time to save her.
Carolyn, now possessed by Bathsheba, takes Christine and April back to the house. Ed and Lorraine find Carolyn in the cellar trying to stab Christine. After tying Carolyn to a chair, Ed decides that an exorcism needs to be performed on Carolyn, but realizes there isn't enough time to wait for a priest to arrive. Ed decides to perform the exorcism himself, and in the process is attacked by Bathsheba. Though Carolyn escapes and attempts to kill April, Lorraine is able to distract Carolyn from killing her daughter by reminding her of a special memory she shared with her family, allowing Ed to complete the exorcism, saving Carolyn and April and lifting Bathsheba's curse forever.
Returning home, Lorraine tells Ed that they had been left a message saying that they had gained approval from the Catholic Church to perform the exorcism. They also have another case to investigate on Long Island. Before leaving, Ed adds a music box from the Perrons' house to a collection of items he and Lorraine have saved from past cases. It inexplicably opens and plays music until the screen cuts to black.
Cast[edit]
Vera Farmiga as Lorraine Warren
Patrick Wilson as Ed Warren
Lili Taylor as Carolyn Perron
Ron Livingston as Roger Perron
Shanley Caswell as Andrea Perron
Hayley McFarland as Nancy Perron
Joey King as Christine Perron
Mackenzie Foy as Cindy Perron
Kyla Deaver as April Perron
Shannon Kook as Drew Thomas
John Brotherton as Brad Hamilton
Sterling Jerins as Judy Warren
Marion Guyot as Georgiana Moran
Steve Coulter as Father Gordon
Joseph Bishara as Bathsheba
Morganna May as Debbie
Amy Tipton as Camilla
Zach Pappas as Rick
Christof Veillon as Maurice
Lorraine Warren (uncredited) as Woman in Audience
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
Development began over 20 years prior when Ed Warren played a tape of Lorraine's original interview with Carolyn Perron for producer Tony DeRosa-Grund.[6] DeRosa-Grund made a recording of Warren playing back the tape and of their subsequent discussion. At the end of the tape, Warren said to DeRosa-Grund, "If we can't make this into a film I don't know what we can." DeRosa-Grund then described his vision of the film for Ed.[7]
DeRosa-Grund wrote the original treatment and titled the project The Conjuring.[8] For nearly 14 years, he tried to get the movie made without any success. He landed a deal to make the movie at Gold Circle Films, the production company behind The Haunting in Connecticut, but a contract could not be finalized and the deal was dropped.[9]
DeRosa-Grund allied with producer Peter Safran, and sibling writers Chad and Carey Hayes were brought on board to refine the script.[8] Using DeRosa-Grund's treatment and the Ed Warren tape, the Hayes brothers changed the story's point of view from the Perron family to the Warrens'. The brothers interviewed Lorraine Warren many times over the phone to clarify details.[10] By mid-2009, the property became the subject of a six-studio bidding war that landed the film at Summit Entertainment.[11] However, DeRosa-Grund and Summit could not conclude the transaction and the film went into turnaround. DeRosa-Grund reconnected with New Line Cinema, who had lost in the original bidding war but who ultimately picked up the film. On November 11, 2009, a deal was made between New Line and DeRosa-Grund's Evergreen Media Group.[12]
Pre-production[edit]
"When Insidious came out and was successful the story about the Warrens came to me and I was like, "Oh, my gosh, this is really cool." [...] But I didn't just want to make another ghost story or another supernatural film. One thing I had never explored was the chance to tell a story that's based on real-life characters, real-life people. So those were the things that led me to The Conjuring."
– James Wan, explaining his reason for directing The Conjuring.[13]
Pre-production began in early 2011, with reports surfacing in early June that James Wan was in talks to direct the film.[14] This was later confirmed by Warner Bros., which also stated that the film would be loosely based on real-life events surrounding Ed and Lorraine Warren. In January 2012, Vera Farmiga and Patrick Wilson were cast to star in the film.[15] That month, Ron Livingston and Lili Taylor were also confirmed for roles in the film, which at that time was developing under the working title of The Untitled Warren Files Project.[16] The film's title was temporarily changed to The Warren Files based on a suggestion by Wan, but was later reverted to The Conjuring prior to the commencement of the film's marketing campaign.[17][18]
In preparation for their roles, Farmiga and Wilson traveled to Connecticut to spend time with Lorraine Warren,[19] who also visited the set during production.[20] Over the course of spending three days at the Warren home, both actors took in information that could not otherwise be achieved from secondary research. "I just wanted to absorb her essence. I wanted to see the details, she has such mad style. I just wanted to see – the way she communicates with her hands, these gestures, her smile, how she moves through space," said Farmiga on her observations of Warren.[21]
Filming[edit]
Principal photography began in late February 2012.[22] Lasting for 38 days,[23] shooting took place primarily at EUE/Screen Gems Studios as well as other locations in and around Wilmington, North Carolina.[24] Filming also took place at the University of North Carolina Wilmington in March 2012 while the campus was on its spring break.[25] Diana Pasulka, professor of Religious Studies at UNC-Wilmington, was the chief religious consultant for the project.[26] After wrapping up in Wilmington on April 20, the film concluded its principal photography on April 26, 2012.[27] All scenes were shot in chronological order.[19]
Post-production[edit]
The film was in post-production in August of the same year.[28] Around 20 to 30 minutes of footage was removed from the first cut of the film, which initially ran at about two hours in duration.[29] After positive test screenings, the final edit of the film was locked in December 2012 and awaited its summer release.[30]
Music[edit]
The musical score for The Conjuring was composed by Joseph Bishara, who previously collaborated with director Wan on Insidious (2011). "James asked me early on about [The Conjuring] while the film was still coming together", explained Bishara on his involvement. "The studio and producers were very supportive in allowing him to bring along who he wanted, with many of his longtime crew from Insidious and even earlier returning."[31] Further into the development process, Wan offered Bishara the chance to act in the film, which he had previously done in Insidious. "We talked about music first and then James had mentioned that he might want me to play one of the entities in this. After reading the script it turned out it was Bathsheba," said Bishara.[32] Because of his early involvement, Bishara was given more time to work out the musical palette of the film. "For whatever reason I was hearing brass clustering as an early response to the material, a quiet shimmering flutter tongue effect, and it grew from there", said Bishara on his creative process.[33]
A soundtrack album was released by La-La Land Records and WaterTower Music on July 16, 2013. In addition to Bishara's themes, the soundtrack also includes a track titled "Family Theme" by composer Mark Isham.[34] Avant-garde musician Diamanda Galás also contributed to Bishara's score,[35] performing raw vocal improvisation on top of the previously recorded brass instrumentation.[31] Other songs featured in the film include: "In the Room Where you Sleep" by Dead Man's Bones, "Sleep Walk" by Betsy Brye, "Time of the Season" by The Zombies, and "Wish I May" by Breaking Benjamin.[36]
Distribution[edit]
Marketing[edit]
The first promotional images were released in November 2012, introducing Farmiga and Wilson as Ed and Lorraine Warren.[3] A teaser trailer, previously shown at the 2012 New York Comic Con, kicked off the film's marketing campaign in February 2013.[37] Throughout the campaign, the film was promoted heavily as "based on a true story." In the weeks leading up to the film's release, trailers and TV spots began to feature the real-life Perron family.[38][39] This was followed by a featurette titled The Devil's Hour in which Lorraine Warren and other paranormal investigators explain some of the supernatural occurrences seen in the film.[40]
Theatrical release[edit]
Warner Bros. and New Line Cinema initially intended to release The Conjuring in early 2013, but decided on a summer release date after gaining a positive reception from test audiences.[41] The film was ultimately released on July 19 in North America, and in the United Kingdom and in India on August 2.[42][43] Because of this, it is one of the first horror films to receive a wide release in the United States during the months of June or July since 2006's The Omen.[44] A trailer and a clip from the film were shown at the 2012 New York Comic Con.[45][46] In March 2013, the film was given an R-rating by the MPAA for being what Wan described as "too adult."[20] "When we sent it [to the MPAA], they gave us the R-rating," said executive producer Walter Hamada. "When we asked them why, they basically said, 'It's just so scary. [There are] no specific scenes or tone you could take out to get it PG-13.'"[47]
The world premiere took place June 6, 2013, at the closing night of the first edition of Nocturna: Madrid International Fantastic Film Festival.[48] This was followed by two screenings of the film at the Los Angeles Film Festival on June 21 that also featured a Q&A segment with director James Wan.[49] A red carpet premiere was then held for the film on July 15, 2013, at Cinerama Dome in Los Angeles.[50][51]
Home media[edit]
The Conjuring was released in DVD and Blu-ray formats by Warner Bros. Home Entertainment on October 22, 2013.[52]
Lawsuits[edit]
Norma Sutcliffe and Gerald Helfrich, the current owners of the house on which the film was based, are suing James Wan, Warner Bros. and other producers, on the ground that their property is being vandalized constantly as a consequence of the film. Entertainment Weekly obtained documents in which the owners affirm various invasions and ratify that they have found numerous objects affiliated with satanic cults. The lawsuit also reveals that the current owners bought the house in 1987 and lived "in peace" until 2012. Both owners are seeking unspecified damages. When questioned, a spokesperson for Warner Bros. declined to comment on the issue.[53]
Gerald Brittle, author of the 1980 book The Demonologist about Ed and Lorraine Warren, filed a lawsuit against Warner Bros., New Line Productions and director James Wan regarding the film. Brittle claims the film, alongside the subsequent sequel and spin offs, infringe upon an exclusive contract he had with the Warrens to make any works based on the subject of his book. The film rights were briefly with original publisher Prentice Hall before reverting to Brittle. Warner Bros. has refused to comment on the case.[54]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
The Conjuring grossed $137.4 million in North America and $180.6 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $318 million, against a budget of $20 million.[2]
In North America, the film opened on July 19, 2013, alongside Red 2, Turbo and R.I.P.D., and was projected to gross $30–$35 million from 2,903 theaters in its opening weekend.[55][56][57] The film earned $3.3 million from its Thursday night showings[58] and $17 million on its first day (including Thursday previews), doing slightly better than The Purge a month earlier.[59] The film went on to gross $41.9 million in its opening weekend, landing in first place and breaking The Purge's record as the biggest opening for an original R-rated horror film.[60] For Warner Bros., The Conjuring surpassed the debut weekend of the distributor's big-budget film Pacific Rim, which had opened to $37.3 million the weekend prior.[60] While horror films usually drop at least 50% in their second weekend, The Conjuring only dropped 47%, taking in $22.2 million and placing in second behind new release The Wolverine.[61] After its run in theaters, the film was officially named a box office hit, grossing over fifteen times its production budget with a worldwide total of $318 million.[2] Calculating in all production and promotional expenses, Deadline.com estimated that the film made a total profit of $161.7 million.[62]
Outside North America, the film had a total gross of $180.6 million from all its overseas markets.[2] In Australia, it grossed $1.8 million in its debut weekend, placing third at the box office behind The Heat and This Is the End.[63] Its total gross in Australia was $8.2 million.[64] In the United Kingdom, the film opened on August 6 alongside The Smurfs 2, making £2.6 million ($3.3 million) in its opening weekend,[65] and grossing $16.2 million in total there.[64] It had its biggest international gross in Mexico, opening in first place on August 23, where the film made $18.9 million overall.[64]
Critical response[edit]
The Conjuring received generally positive reviews from critics. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports an 86% approval rating, based on 203 reviews, with a weighted average of 7.2/10. The site's consensus reads, "Well-crafted and gleefully creepy, The Conjuring ratchets up dread through a series of effective old-school scares."[66] Metacritic assigned the film a weighted average score of 68 out of 100, based on 35 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[67] CinemaScore reported that audiences gave the film an "A-" grade on a scale of A to F.[68]
In her review following the Los Angeles Film Festival, Sheri Linden of The Hollywood Reporter said, "With its minimal use of digital effects, its strong, sympathetic performances and ace design work, the pic harks back in themes and methods to The Exorcist and The Amityville Horror, not quite attaining the poignancy and depth of the former but far exceeding the latter in sheer cinematic beauty."[35] Justin Chang of Variety gave the film a positive review, calling the film "a sensationally entertaining old-school freakout and one of the smartest, most viscerally effective thrillers in recent memory."[69] Additionally, Alonso Duralde of TheWrap also praised the effectiveness of the film, explaining that it "doesn't try to reinvent the tropes of horror movies, whether it's ghosts or demons or exorcisms, but Fred Astaire didn't invent tap-dancing, either."[70] Chris Nashawaty of Entertainment Weekly gave the film an A-, citing the effectiveness of "mood and sound effects for shocks that never feel cheap."[71]
However, some critics reacted negatively to the film's similarities with films such as The Exorcist and Poltergeist.[72][73] Indiewire's Eric Kohn explained that, "The Warrens may know how to handle demonic possessions, but The Conjuring suffers from a different invading force: the ghosts of familiarity."[74] Andrew O'Hehir of Salon said the film provided "all the scream-inducing shocks you could want, right on schedule", but thought the central concept – that the innocent women accused and executed in the Salem witch trials "actually were witches, who slaughtered children and pledged their love to Satan and everything!" – was "reprehensible and inexcusable bullshit".[75]
Accolades[edit]
Award
Category
Recipient(s)
Result
Ref(s)
Empire Awards Best Horror Won [76]
Saturn Awards Best Horror Film Won [77]
Critics' Choice Movie Awards Best Sci-Fi/Horror Movie Nominated [78]
Denver Film Critics Society Awards Best Science-Fiction/Horror Film Nominated [79]
North Carolina Film Critics Association Tar Heel Award Nominated [80]
Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Best Wide Release Film Won [81]
Best Supporting Actress Lili Taylor Won
Fright Meter Awards Best Horror Movie Won [82]
Best Director James Wan Won
Best Screenplay Chad Hayes and Carey Hayes Nominated
Best Cinematography John R. Leonetti Won
Best Editing Kirk M. Morri Nominated
Best Score Joseph Bishara Nominated
Best Makeup Nominated
Best Special Effects Nominated
Best Ensemble Cast Won
Best Actor in a Leading Role Patrick Wilson Nominated
Best Actress in a Leading Role Vera Farmiga Nominated
Best Actor in a Supporting Role Ron Livingston Nominated
Best Actress in a Supporting Role Lili Taylor Won
Hollywood Film Festival Hollywood Movie Award Nominated [83]
CinEuphoria Awards Best Special Effects (Sound or Visual) Nominated [84]
IGN Summer Movie Awards Best Horror Movie Won [85]
MTV Movie Awards Best Scared-As-Shit Performance Vera Farmiga Nominated [86]
People's Choice Awards Favorite Thriller Movie Nominated [87]
Key Art Awards Best Trailer – Audio/Visual New Line Cinema 3rd Place [88]
Best Audio/Visual Technique 3rd Place
3rd Place
3rd Place
Golden Trailer Awards Best Horror Won [89]
Best Horror TV Spot Won
Best Voice Over TV Spot Nominated
Online Film & Television Association Awards Best Titles Sequence Won [90]
Golden Schmoes Awards Best Horror Movie of the Year Won [91]
Biggest Surprise of the Year Nominated
Sequels[edit]
The Conjuring 2[edit]
Main article: The Conjuring 2
In June 2013, it was reported that New Line Cinema was already developing a sequel.[92] Both Farmiga and Wilson are signed on to reprise their roles for an additional film.[93] The Conjuring 2 was scheduled to be released on October 23, 2015,[94] but in October 2014, Warner Bros. moved the film's release date to an unspecified 2016 release date.[95] On October 21, it was announced that James Wan would return to direct the sequel.[96] On November 11, 2014, the film was set for a June 10, 2016, release.[97] The sequel was later re-written by David Leslie Johnson, with a script from Eric Heisserer.[98] The film will deal with the Enfield Poltergeist case, which occurred in London from 1977 to 1979.[99] Principal photography began in September 2015 in Los Angeles, and concluded in December 2015 in London.[100]
The Conjuring 3[edit]
On a potential third film, director James Wan stated, "There could be many more [Conjuring] movies because the Warrens have so many stories." Screenwriters Chad and Carey Hayes have also expressed interest in working on a story for another sequel.[101] However, Wan stated that he may be unable to direct the film due to his commitments to other projects.[102] He stated to Collider.com, "Assuming we are lucky enough to have a third chapter, there are other filmmakers that I would love to sort of continue on the Conjuring world, if we are lucky enough."[103] Wan has also stated that, if a third film was to be made, it would ideally take place in the 1980s.[104] In June 2017, it was announced that a third installment was in development, with The Conjuring 2 co-writer David Leslie Johnson hired to write the screenplay.[105]
Spin-off films[edit]
Main article: The Conjuring (film series)
The success of The Conjuring has spawned several related films along with the main series' sequels, including 2014's Annabelle and its 2017 prequel Annabelle: Creation. In addition, two others films featuring supernatural threats first seen in The Conjuring films, The Nun and The Crooked Man, are also in development.
See also[edit]
List of horror films
List of horror films of 2013
References[edit]
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Jump up ^ Kaufman, Amy (July 18, 2013). "'The Conjuring' to scare off pricey 'R.I.P.D.' on crowded weekend". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 24, 2013.
Jump up ^ Subers, Ray (July 18, 2013). "Forecast: 'Conjuring' Should Scare Off 'Turbo,' 'Red 2,' 'R.I.P.D.'". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ Smith, Grady (July 18, 2013). "INSIDE MOVIES Box office preview: 'The Conjuring' could race past 'Turbo' this weekend". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ McClintock, Pamela (July 19, 2013). "Box Office Report: 'The Conjuring' Scares Up $3.3 Million Thursday Night". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ Mendelson, Scott (July 20, 2013). "Friday Box Office: 'The Conjuring' Scares Up Huge $17 Million". Forbes. Retrieved July 20, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Subers, Ray (July 21, 2013). "Weekend Report: 'Conjuring' Haunts First With Record Opening". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved July 22, 2013.
Jump up ^ Subers, Ray (July 28, 2013). "Weekend Report: 'Wolverine' Bleeds, But Still Easily Leads". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved July 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ Fleming Jr, Mike (March 21, 2014). "2013 Most Valuable Blockbuster Tournament Tip-Off – #1 'Iron Man 3' Vs. #16 'The Conjuring'; #8 'Gravity' Vs. #9 'Man Of Steel'". Deadline.com. Retrieved March 22, 2015.
Jump up ^ Harris, Jamie (July 23, 2013). "'The Heat' holds Australian box office top slot – Top ten in full". Digital Spy. Retrieved June 22, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c "The Conjuring (2013) – International Box Office Results". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ Gant, Charles (August 7, 2013). "The Smurfs 2 struggles to resist the power of The Conjuring". The Guardian. Retrieved June 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Conjuring (2013)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved June 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Conjuring Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved July 18, 2013.
Jump up ^ Finke, Nikki (July 19, 2013). "#1 'The Conjuring' Scares Up $40M Weekend & Rare 'A' CinemaScore, Other New Films Soft Or Sinking: 'Red 2', 'Turbo', 'R.I.P.D.'". Deadline.com. Retrieved July 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ Chang, Justin (June 22, 2013). "Film Review: 'The Conjuring'". Variety. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ Duralde, Alonso (June 22, 2013). "'The Conjuring' Review: No, Seriously, Do NOT Go in the Basement". TheWrap. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ Nashawaty, Chris (July 17, 2013). "The Conjuring Movie Review". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved July 18, 2013.
Jump up ^ Pais, Matt (July 15, 2013). "'The Conjuring' review: Takes the super out of supernatural". RedEye. Retrieved July 18, 2013.
Jump up ^ Neumaier, Joe (July 17, 2013). "'The Conjuring,' movie review". New York Daily News. Retrieved July 18, 2013.
Jump up ^ Kohn, Eric (July 17, 2013). "Review: James Wan's 'The Conjuring' Is Filled With Scares, But What's the Point?". Indiewire. Retrieved July 18, 2013.
Jump up ^ ""The Conjuring": Right-wing, woman-hating and really scary". Salon. Retrieved July 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ White, James (March 31, 2014). "Jameson Empire Awards 2014: The Winners". Empire.
Jump up ^ Hennon, Blake (June 27, 2014). "Saturn Awards: 'Gravity,' 'Iron Man 3,' 'Her,' 'Walking Dead' win big". Los Angeles Times.
Jump up ^ Gicas, Peter (December 16, 2013). "Critics' Choice Awards 2014: Complete List of Nominations". E! News.
Jump up ^ Magidson, Joey (January 6, 2014). "Denver Film Critics Society Announce their Nominations". AwardsCircuit.com.
Jump up ^ Lodge, Guy (January 5, 2014). "'12 Years a Slave' tops North Carolina critics' nominations". Uproxx.
Jump up ^ Gingold, Michael (May 29, 2014). "The 2014 FANGORIA Chainsaw Awards Results!". Fangoria.
Jump up ^ "The 2013 Fright Meter Awards Nominations Are In". SlasherStudios.com. December 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ Feinberg, Scott (October 11, 2013). "12 Blockbusters to Compete for Fan Vote at Hollywood Film Awards (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter.
Jump up ^ "CinEuphoria Awards (2014)". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Best Horror Movie – IGN's Best of 2013". IGN. Retrieved June 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ Ng, Philiana (March 6, 2014). "MTV Movie Awards Nominations Revealed". The Hollywood Reporter.
Jump up ^ Moraski, Lauren (November 6, 2013). "People's Choice Awards 2014 nominees announced". CBS News.
Jump up ^ "Key Art Awards (2013)". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Warner Bros. and Universal Lead Nominees for Golden Trailer Awards". TheWrap. May 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ "18th Annual Film Awards (2013)". Online Film & Television Association. Retrieved June 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Golden Schmoes Winners and Nominees (2013)". JoBlo.com. Retrieved June 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ "New Line Already Developing Sequel to James Wan's 'The Conjuring'". FirstShowing.net. July 16, 2013. Retrieved July 17, 2013.
Jump up ^ "[Comic-Con '13] Vera Farmiga and Patrick Wilson Already Signed For 'The Conjuring' Sequel! #SDCC". Bloody Disgusting. July 20, 2013. Retrieved July 22, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Warner Bros Scheduling Spree Continues With 'The Conjuring 2', 'Mean Moms', 2 Others". Deadline.com. February 25, 2014. Retrieved February 26, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Conjuring 2 Moves to 2016". ComingSoon.net. October 20, 2014. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
Jump up ^ Fleming Jr, Mike (October 21, 2014). "James Wan Back At New Line For 'The Conjuring 2' And Overall Producing Deal". Deadline.com. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Conjuring 2 Set for June 10, 2016". ComingSoon.net. November 11, 2014. Retrieved November 12, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Wan's "CONJURING 2" Scares Up Yet Another Scribe". Fangoria. November 11, 2014. Retrieved November 12, 2014.
Jump up ^ Haynes, Britt (January 6, 2015). "'The Conjuring 2' Getting a Rewrite From 'The Walking Dead' and 'Orphan' Scribe". ScreenCrush. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Conjuring 2 Filming Begins!". ComingSoon.net. September 21, 2015. Retrieved September 22, 2015.
Jump up ^ McNary, Dave (June 8, 2016). "'Conjuring 2' Director James Wan: 'There Could Be Many More Movies'". Variety. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
Jump up ^ Collis, Clark (June 8, 2016). "James Wan may not have the time to direct The Conjuring 3". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
Jump up ^ Weintraub, Steve (June 11, 2016). "James Wan on 'The Conjuring 2,' Superheroes, and His Guilty Pleasure Movies". Collider.com. Retrieved June 13, 2016.
Jump up ^ Tilly, Chris (June 15, 2016). "James Wan Already Has an Idea For The Conjuring 3". IGN. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ Busch, Anita (June 26, 2017). "'The Conjuring 3' Is Summoned By New Line; David Leslie Johnson Hired To Script". Deadline.com. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
External links[edit]
Official website
The Conjuring on IMDb
The Conjuring at Box Office Mojo
The Conjuring at Metacritic
The Conjuring at Rotten Tomatoes
Horror portal
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Annabelle (2014)
Demonic (2015)
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Blacula (1972)
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Burnt Offerings (1976)
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The Howling (1980)
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Poltergeist (1982)
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The Descent (2006)
Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007)
Hellboy II: The Golden Army (2008)
Drag Me to Hell (2009)
Let Me In (2010)
The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011)
The Cabin in the Woods (2012)
The Conjuring (2013)
Dracula Untold (2014)
Crimson Peak (2015)
Don't Breathe (2016)
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Wildlife of North Carolina
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Deer feeding at Roadside; doe with fawns
This article seeks to serve as a field-guide, central repository, and listing for the flora and fauna of North Carolina and surrounding territories.
Contents
1 State ecology
1.1 Coastal Region
1.2 Piedmont
1.3 Mountains
2 Animal life
2.1 Mammals
2.2 Birds
2.3 Reptiles
2.4 Amphibians
2.5 Fish
2.6 Invertebrates
3 Plant life
4 References
5 External links
State ecology[edit]
The North Mills River in North Carolina
North Carolina's geography is usually divided into three biomes: Coastal, Piedmont, and the Appalachian Mountains.
North Carolina is the most ecologically unique state in the southeast because its borders contain sub-tropical, temperate, and boreal habitats. Although the state is at temperate latitudes, the Appalachian mountains and the Gulf Stream influence climate and, hence, the vegetation (flora) and animals (fauna).
Coastal Region[edit]
Located in eastern North Carolina, the coastal region is much warmer and more humid. The climate is humid subtropical and the geography is flat Ccastal plain.
Piedmont[edit]
This region includes the [urban area] and urban biomes of Raleigh[1] and Durham, as well as a large area of semi-mountainous, rolling hills. The climate is Humid Subtropical and the geography is rolling, gentle hills and flat valleys. The Piedmont ranges from about 300–400 feet (90–120 m) elevation in the east to over 1,000 feet (300 m) in the west
Mountains[edit]
Turk's cap lily in mountainous western North Carolina
The mountainous region has a climate of Humid Continental and its geography is the Appalachian Mountains with elevations between 1500 and more than 6000 feet.
Animal life[edit]
Mammals[edit]
E - endangered[citation needed]
Common opossums:
Virginia opossum, Didelphis virginiana
Armadillos:
Nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus
Rodents:
North American beaver, Castor canadensis
Eastern gray squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis (state mammal)
Fox squirrel, Sciurus niger
Northern flying squirrel, Glaucomys sabrinus (Carolina northern flying squirrel, G. s. coloratus E)
Groundhog, Marmota monax
Muskrat , Ondatra zibethicus
White-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus
Lagomorphs:
Eastern cottontail, Sylvilagus floridanus
Eulipotyphlans:
Northern short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda
Bats:
Gray bat, Myotis grisescens E
Indiana bat, Myotis sodalis E
Townsend's big-eared bat, Corynorhinus townsendii (Virginia big-eared bat, C. t. virginianus E)
Big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus
Carnivorans:
Bobcat, Lynx rufus
Red fox, Vulpes vulpes
Gray fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus
Coyote, Canis latrans
Red wolf, Canis rufus*
American black bear, Ursus americanus
Raccoon, Procyon lotor
Long-tailed weasel, Mustela frenata
Least weasel, Mustela nivalis
North American river otter, Lontra canadensis
Even-toed ungulates:
Elk, Cervus canadensis
White-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus
Introduced animals:
House mouse, Mus musculus
Banker horse, a breed of feral horse, Equus ferus caballus
Feral pigs or wild boar, Sus scrofa
In the mountains, there are small populations of bobcats and bears.[vague] Rocky Mountain elk (C. c. nelsoni) has been used to reintroduce elk to where the now extinct eastern elk (C. c. canadensis) once lived.[2] Beaver, whose pelt trade was an important part of the North Carolina economy well into the 1800s, were hunted to extinction in 1897. Reintroductions began in 1939 and now beaver have returned to the entire state.[3]
Birds[edit]
Main article: List of birds of North Carolina
Cardinalis cardinalis northern cardinal
Reptiles[edit]
Main article: List of reptiles of North Carolina
Adult male Terrapene carolina carolina, NC's state reptile.
Amphibians[edit]
Main article: List of amphibians of North Carolina
Frog, located in Cary, North Carolina
Frogs are common in the marshy and wet regions of the Piedmont. The frog pictured at left is a Cope's gray treefrog (Hyla chrysocelis) or gray treefrog (H. versicolor). These two species cannot be differentiated except by their call or genetic analysis. However, H. versicolor is rare in the state and likely to not be pictured here. They are most abundant in some northern Piedmont counties. Other frogs of North Carolina include spring peepers, Pseudacris crucifer or Hyla crucifer. Common among Carolina forests, this frog lives in high branches of trees, although it is also seen on the ground and commonly on roadways.
Some common amphibians in North Carolina: two-toed amphiuma, common mudpuppy, dwarf waterdog, eastern lesser siren, greater siren, red-spotted newt, Mabee's salamander, spotted salamander, marbled salamander (state salamander), mole salamander, eastern tiger salamander, southern dusky salamander, dwarf salamander, four-toed salamander, Wehrle's salamander, eastern spadefoot, southern toad, Pine Barrens treefrog (state frog), Cope's gray treefrog, green treefrog, squirrel treefrog, gray treefrog, little grass frog, ornate chorus frog, upland chorus frog, American bullfrog, bronze frog, pickerel frog, southern leopard frog, wood frog[4]
Fish[edit]
Freshwater: bodie bass, Roanoke bass, largemouth bass, rock bass, smallmouth bass, spotted bass, striped bass, white bass, blue catfish, channel catfish, flathead catfish, white catfish, brown bullhead, white perch, yellow perch, chain pickerel, redfin pickerel, American shad, hickory shad, pumpkinseed, redear, bluegill, flier, green sunfish, redbrest, warmouth, brook trout, rainbow trout, brown trout, garfish, bowfin, carp, crappie, freshwater drum, grass carp, kokanee salmon, muskellunge, tiger muskellunge, northern pike, sauger, eastern mosquitofish, smallmouth buffalo, walleye,[5] the endemic Cape Fear shiner.[6]
Saltwater: albacore, amberjack, Atlantic bonito, bank sea bass, barracuda, bigeye tuna, blackfin tuna, black drum, black sea bass, blacktip shark, bluefish, bluefin tuna, blue marlin, blueline tilefish, bull shark, butterfish, cobia, croaker, dolphin, flounder, gag, gray triggerfish, gray trout, hammerhead, hickory shad, hogchoker, hogfish, humping mullet, king mackerel, knobbed porgy, lizardfish, little tunny, mako shark, menhaden, northern puffer, oyster toadfish, pigfish, pinfish, pompano, red drum, red grouper, red snapper, sailfish, scamp, sea mullet, searobin, sheepshead, silver perch, silver snapper, skate, skipjack tuna, spadefish, Spanish mackerel, speckled hind, spottail pinfish, spot, speckled trout, stingray, striped bass, swordfish, tarpon, tiger shark, vermillion snapper, wahoo, white marlin, white grunt, yellowfin tuna, yellowedge grouper, yellowtail snapper[7]
Invertebrates[edit]
Various insects, jellyfish, millipedes, centipedes, freshwater crayfish, and freshwater mollusks.[8]
Spiders:
Northern black widow, Latrodectus variolus
Southern black widow, Latrodectus mactans
False black widow, Steatoda grossa
Common house spider, Parasteatoda tepidariorum
Yellow garden spider, Argiope aurantia
Leafy cob weaver, Theridion frondeum
Spiny-backed orbweaver, Gasteracantha cancriformis
White sac spider, Elaver excepta
Orchard Orb Weaver, Leucauge venusta
Mantises:
Carolina mantis, Stagmomantis carolina
Hymenoptera:
European honey bee, Apis mellifera (state insect)
American bumblebee, Bombus pensylvanicus
Eastern carpenter bee, Xylocopa virginica
Red paper wasp, Polistes carolina
Eastern cicada killer, Sphecius speciosus
Red velvet ant, Dasymutilla occidentalis
Red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta
Odonata:
Eastern pondhawk, Erythemis simplicicollis
Lepidopterans:
Monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus
Red-spotted purple, Limenitis arthemis
Plant life[edit]
Main article: List of flora of North Carolina
Mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "General Raleigh, NC Information". Retrieved 2018-05-10.
Jump up ^ Cochran, Bill (June 17, 2004). "Virginia officials take no joy in elk celebration". The Roanoke Times. Archived from the original on February 1, 2013. Retrieved September 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Beaver Management in North Carolina - History". North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission. Archived from the original on April 16, 2010. Retrieved September 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ [1] Archived February 2, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission". www.ncwildlife.org.
Jump up ^ "AAFT". All-about-fish-teacher.blogspot.com. 2012-06-04. Retrieved 2013-04-22.
Jump up ^ "NCDMF Oyster Sanctuaries". Ncfisheries.net. Retrieved 2013-04-22.
Jump up ^ "Research & Collections". naturalsciences.org.
External links[edit]
General interest:
North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission
The North Carolina Gap Analysis Project -- Vertebrate Predicted Distribution Mapping
Carolina nature
Birds:
North Carolina Birding Trail
Reptiles and amphibians:
Herps of NC
the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory Herpetology Program
Butterflies:
Butterflies of North Carolina
Spiders:
Common Spiders of North Carolina
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