text:
Carrie Bradshaw
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Caroline Carrie Bradshaw
Sarah Jessica Parker as Carrie Bradshaw
First appearance
Sex and the City:
"Sex and the City"
(episode 1.01)
The Carrie Diaries:
"Pilot"
(episode 1.01)
Last appearance
Original series:
Sex and the City 2
The Carrie Diaries:
"Run to You"
(episode 2.13)
Created by
Character
Candace Bushnell
Developed for Television
Darren Star
Portrayed by
Sarah Jessica Parker
(adult; original series)
AnnaSophia Robb
(teenager; prequel series)
Information
Occupation
Author
Newspaper columnist
(for The New York Star)
Writer at Vogue magazine
Family
Tom Bradshaw
(father)
Grace Bradshaw
(mother; deceased)
Dorrit Bradshaw
(sister)
Brady Hobbes
(godchild)[1]
Spouse(s)
John James "Mr. Big" Preston
(2008–present)
Nationality
American
Carrie Marie Bradshaw is a fictional character and lead character of the HBO romantic sitcom Sex and the City, as well as the CW series The Carrie Diaries, portrayed by actresses Sarah Jessica Parker and AnnaSophia Robb, respectively. She is a semi-autobiographical character created by Candace Bushnell, who published the book Sex and the City, based on her own columns in the New York Observer. On the HBO series, Bradshaw is a New York City newspaper columnist, fashionista, and later, freelance writer for Vogue and a published author. Her weekly column, "Sex and the City," provides the title, storylines, and narration for each episode.
When the series premiered, the character was praised by critics for being a positive example of an independent woman in the vein of Mary Tyler Moore. However, retrospective analysis of the show tends to place more emphasis on the character's repeated and often unrepentant infidelities, with many critics instead viewing her as self-centered and narcissistic.
Contents
[hide]
1 Character history and personality
2 Wardrobe
3 Relationships
3.1 "Mr. Big" John James Preston
3.2 Aidan Shaw
3.3 Jack Berger
3.4 Aleksandr Petrovsky
4 Carrie's ex-lovers
4.1 Sebastian Kydd
4.2 George Silver
4.3 Adam Weaver
4.4 Capote Duncan
4.5 Bernard Singer
5 Bibliography
6 Critical reception
7 References
8 External links
Character history and personality[edit]
This section may be written from a fan's point of view, rather than a neutral point of view. Please clean it up to conform to a higher standard of quality, and to make it neutral in tone. (December 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
This section describes a work or element of fiction in a primarily in-universe style. Please help rewrite it to explain the fiction more clearly and provide non-fictional perspective. (December 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Carrie writes a weekly column called "Sex and the City" for fictional newspaper, The New York Star. The column focuses on Carrie's sexual escapades and those of her close friends, as well as musings about the relationships between men and women, dating, and New York. It provides Carrie with a certain amount of recognition in the city. People who read her column occasionally describe her as their icon. In the third season, her column is optioned for a film produced by Matthew McConaughey. In the fifth season, some of her columns are compiled into a book. At the end of season four, Carrie begins to write freelance articles for Vogue. Although she initially has trouble dealing with Enid (Candice Bergen), her abrasive, demanding editor at Vogue, she does find her feet and ends up befriending her.
Carrie is notoriously led by her emotions. She seeks acceptance (a door key, bathroom cabinet space) from Mr. Big and others (she obsesses over the review her book received from book critic Michiko Kakutani in The New York Times). "Just tell me I'm the one" she urges Mr. Big at the end of Season 1, worried about his refusal to introduce her to his mother. She often behaves in a selfish manner (as seen during her affair) but unless her self-involvement is pointed out by friends, she is apt to blame this on her tendency to get 'Carried Away', a phrase coined by Mr. Big in Season 2. The result is a flawed but relatable character due to the self-deprecating humor with which she tackles stereotypical issues within male–female relationships (commitment being the running theme).
Carrie is an on-off smoker and when she smokes, she is mostly seen with Marlboro Lights. She tries to quit in seasons 3 and 4 using the Nicotine patch while dating Aidan. She enjoys cocktails (particularly cosmopolitans—her character's fondness for them helped to popularize the drink). While Carrie is a realist about the difficulties of relationships, having experienced many bad ones throughout the course of the series, she is a romantic on an endless search for true love, and refuses to settle for, as she puts it, "anything less than butterflies." Because of this, she repeatedly expresses doubts that she is the type to get married and raise a family.
AnnaSophia Robb played Carrie Bradshaw as a teenager in the Carrie Diaries TV series
Carrie is a resident of the borough of Manhattan in New York City. She lives in a brownstone on the Upper East Side at the fictional house number of 245, on East 73rd Street, between Park and Madison. She lives in this apartment throughout the series, having bought it from Aidan in the fourth season, after Aidan had bought it and the apartment next-door for himself and Carrie during their engagement. In the initial episodes of the first season, Carrie's apartment is seen to be above a coffee shop somewhere near the vicinity of Madison Avenue. By approximately the fourth episode, the usual facade of a series of brownstones adjacent to hers is adopted, and remains that way throughout the series. The first episode also features a different apartment from the one used for the next 93 episodes and the movies. In the real life, the building with the famous stairs is 66 Perry Street, N.Y.C (West Village, Manhattan).
Little is mentioned about Carrie's life before the series. Carrie arrived in Manhattan on Tuesday, June 11, 1986 when she was approximately 21, given her age that is mentioned at other points in the series. She says in the movie that she's lived in Manhattan for 20 years (although she states at age 35 that she had been living there for a decade). In season four, Carrie tells a photographer that she was so poor when she first moved to New York that she would purchase Vogue instead of dinner. It is mentioned that her father left her and her mother when she was five; no siblings are mentioned. It is also revealed that Carrie had an abortion in 1988 after a one-night stand with a waiter when she was 22.
She tells Charlotte that she lost her virginity in Seth Bateman's smelly rec room on the ping pong table in eleventh grade. In Season 6 ("Boy Interrupted"), Carrie meets up with another boyfriend from high school named Jeremy (David Duchovny). Carrie states that she never had sex with him because they were young and wanted to wait.
A TV series was made after the production of Sex and the City, called The Carrie Diaries which featured Carrie's life as a teenager prior to her life in Sex and the City. It focused mainly on Carrie who lived with her father and younger sister, Dorrit. She had a few relationships, the main one being her on and off relationship with Sebastian Kydd. She started working at Interview, a magazine firm, juggling between her school and work life. The series was discontinued after Season 2 as it was said that it was not economically feasible although it got positive feedback from its audience.
Candace Bushnell, author of Sex and the City, recently released her new book, Summer and the City: A Carrie Diaries Novel as part of her young adult series that follows the Sex and the City characters as teenagers. This novel reveals that Carrie attended the prestigious Ivy League University, Brown, in the 1980s. It also reveals that she took summer classes at the New School. TV Guide described the young version of Carrie Bradshaw as "Even when she's trying to play adult in the city with her fashion-forward style and 'grown-up' conversations, she still exudes an aura that manages to be innocent, cute and self-confident at the same time."[2]
Wardrobe[edit]
Carrie has been described as someone who lives for fashion, and has confessed to buying Vogue instead of dinner.
A known shoe lover with a penchant for expensive designer shoes (notably Manolo Blahniks, but also Christian Louboutins and Jimmy Choos), Miranda once estimated that Carrie has spent over $40,000 on shoes. Her shoes seem to average at least $400 a pair (according to Miranda), and it is implied that she has at least 100 unique pairs. She frequently mixes kitschy vintage finds with high-end labels. It is mentioned that Barneys, Bergdorf Goodman, Bloomingdale's, and Saks Fifth Avenue are among her favorite places to shop.
Carrie once agreed to model for a charity fashion show (featuring both "real people" and models), on the condition that she could keep the outfit, a Dolce and Gabbana original. The plan backfired when Carrie's dress was replaced by jeweled silk underwear. Carrie is also known to have worn Alexander McQueen, Anna Molinari, Balenciaga, Betsey Johnson, Bottega Veneta, Céline, Chanel, Chloé, Christian Dior, Christian Lacroix, Christian Louboutin, Diane von Fürstenberg, Fendi, Givenchy, Gucci, Heatherette, Helmut Lang, Hermès, Jean Paul Gaultier, Jeremy Scott, Judith Leiber, Jil Sander, Jimmy Choo, Louis Vuitton, Lanvin, Manolo Blahnik, Marc Jacobs, Marni, Missoni, Miu Miu, Moschino, Prada, Oscar de la Renta, Roberto Cavalli, Sonia Rykiel, Tom Ford, Yves Saint Laurent, Vera Wang, Valentino, Versace, Vivienne Westwood, among others.
Carrie's incredible wardrobe appears to be unaffordable for a writer on a moderate income (at least until season 5, at which time she is given a book offer. By the time of the films she appears to be more affluent, though that may be because of her husband's wealth). Indeed, many of the people around her comment that she cannot afford her shopping addiction. Carrie occasionally maxes out credit cards, could not secure a loan on her own due to poor savings and a bad credit rating as a result of extensive shopping, and has admitted her "shoe needs" have accounted for most of her spending. In one episode, she wryly comments that she might "literally be the woman who lived in her shoe". Carrie is particularly known for her addiction to shoes, calling it her "substance abuse problem" in the episode "Power of Female Sex" in Season One. Notable couture moments include an incident when she is mugged near West Broadway and the bandit makes off with her Fendi Baguette clutch and Manolo Blahnik pink suede strappy sandals, which she purchased "half off at a sample sale!", adding that they are her favorite shoes.
In season 3 she chases after the Staten Island ferry and ends up missing it after slipping out of her shoe, yelling, "Wait, I lost my Choo!". In "A Woman's Right To Shoes" she unashamedly asks for reimbursement from a friend after a pair of Manolos are stolen at that friend's party due to her friend's insistence upon no shoes inside the house. Carrie notes the hypocrisy in the fact that the friend, who 'shoe shames' her ("it was your choice to buy shoes that expensive") is rewarded over the years with thousands of dollars' worth of gifts for her life choices (baby showers, engagement presents, wedding gifts, etc.), whereas single women do not have their life choices celebrated ("Hallmark don't make a 'congratulations-you-didn't-marry-the-wrong-guy card'!") and so comes to the conclusion that it is okay to spend that much on oneself to make the single girl's walk through life a little more fun.
Relationships[edit]
"Mr. Big" John James Preston[edit]
Main article: Mr. Big (Sex and the City)
Introduced in the first episode and closing the final episode, "Mr. Big" (Chris Noth) is Carrie's central love interest throughout the series and recurring romantic foil – his continual romantic ambiguity and Carrie's diffidence about confronting him over it highlight Carrie's fears, insecurities, and emotional needs. Despite the turmoil in their relationship, Carrie and Big make continuous appearances in each other's lives, which is the source of both joy and stress for Carrie.
"Big" is introduced as a wealthy man who runs into Carrie on the street, helping her pick up a large number of condoms that fell out of her purse after it had been knocked from her hand. He later spots her at a party, and after waving to her at the beginning of the evening, he later gives her a ride home in his limo. Their relationship runs the length of the series. At the start, she is intimidated and awed by him, and immediately gives him the nickname "Mr. Big". However, eventually Carrie and Big share a friendly and often passionate intimacy, yet he remains (in producer Michael Patrick King's words), "always slightly out of reach." Mr. Big's name is never mentioned until the last episode of the final season, where it is revealed to be John via Carrie's cell phone caller ID. His full name is finally uncovered in the first movie as John James Preston.
They break up for the first time due to Mr. Big's inability to be emotionally intimate with Carrie. They reunite but split again when Big announces that he is moving to Paris because of work. When he returns to the United States, he and Carrie bump into each other unexpectedly in the Hamptons. Upon his return, Carrie discovers that he is engaged to a young woman named Natasha, who was working for Ralph Lauren in Paris. Unsurprisingly, Carrie struggles to come to terms with Big's decision and moves on, beginning a relationship with Aidan Shaw. However, Carrie cannot put Big behind her and they have an affair, which she confesses to Aidan moments before Charlotte's wedding. Carrie and Big continue a close, sometimes sexual, always flirtatious yet tempestuous friendship until the final episode. Here we witness a romantic display of love and affection when Big whispers the sorely awaited words to Carrie—"you're the one."
At the start of the movie Sex and the City Carrie and Big, in a businesslike fashion, decide to marry. The wedding starts out somewhat simply with 75 guests and with Carrie choosing to wear a simple white skirt suit that she found in a vintage shop. However, after Vivenne Westwood gifts an expensive and exquisite wedding dress that Carrie wore in a Vogue modeling shoot featuring Carrie as a "40 year old bride," the wedding plans balloon into something much more elaborate and now with 200 guests. Leading up to their wedding day, Big becomes overwhelmed by the media attention and the number of guests, telling Carrie that he would have been happy with eloping to City Hall, that all he wanted was Carrie and that he's embarrassed by the attention because it's his third marriage. On the day of the ceremony, Big has a "freakout" and leaves the wedding venue without even getting out of his limousine. When Carrie calls him and asks where he is, he states "I can't do this" and Carrie leaves devastated. He immediately realizes his mistake and tells the limo driver to turn around but the damage is already done. Carrie, hurt and betrayed, blocks all communication, unknowingly ignoring his love letters and apologetic emails. Over the course of the next 7 or 8 months, Carrie reflects on what happened and realizes that she is partially to blame for the wedding fiasco, because she let the wedding "get bigger than Big." Finally, Carrie and Big unintentionally meet, come to terms with each other, reaffirm their feelings and love, and privately marry at City Hall - the way Big had originally envisioned - with Carrie wearing the simple "label-less" vintage suit she had initially chosen, along with the blue Manolo Blahniks that had played a big part in the two of them reuniting.
During the second movie, Carrie and Big's passion has waned. Carrie begins to feel that their marriage has lost its "sparkle" as Big enjoys spending nights eating in and watching TV. Carrie feels the urge to escape to her old apartment for two days to meet a writing deadline and enjoy some time to herself, and is surprised when Big picks her up for dinner, and feels the romance re-enter their marriage. Big then suggests to Carrie they spend two days a week apart, to enjoy their own time, which he feels is what is giving their marriage new life. Carrie, somewhat hurt and resistant, reluctantly agrees, and then travels to Abu Dhabi with Samantha, Charlotte and Miranda. While in Abu Dhabi, Carrie learns how important a marriage can be when her butler tells her how he is separated from his wife for months at a time, but when they see each other, nothing else matters. Carrie also reunites with her old flame, Aidan Shaw, whom she meets in a chance encounter at an Abu Dhabi market. Carrie feels distressed due to a bad review of her new book in the New Yorker, and meets Aidan for dinner. The two of them reconnect, and briefly kiss. Carrie immediately regrets it and asks her friends for advice on whether to tell Big. Samantha and Miranda both advise Carrie not to tell Big because it was a minor incident, but Carrie feels too guilty to let it slide and tells Big immediately. Big is hurt, and Carrie worries that Big will go from wanting two days off, to seven days off. Upon Carrie's arrival back in New York, she is upset that Big doesn't pick her up at the airport as originally planned, isn't home and hasn't called. That night, he gets home and Carrie and Big talk about their marriage. Big tells Carrie to stop worrying that they will become a tired, boring old married couple, and they take new wedding vows for each other. Big forgives Carrie and gives her a black diamond ring (to make up for his unromantic marriage proposal - without a ring - 3 years earlier) to really show the world she's off the market. As their marriage grows out of the "terrible twos" Big and Carrie seem very happy and relaxed with each other. Now that they are both making an effort, and due to the ring Big gave her, they have their "sparkle" back.
Aidan Shaw[edit]
Manhattan furniture designer Aidan Shaw (John Corbett) is Carrie's next serious boyfriend after the painful break-up with Mr. Big. Aidan is the opposite of Mr. Big, as he is a laid-back, low-key nature lover who is patient, straightforward, and somewhat traditional in his relationship with Carrie. Carrie met him through her friend Stanford Blatch when the two of them visited Aidan's furniture store. They share an uncomplicated, loving relationship, which initially confuses Carrie, as she had become used to the stresses of dating Mr. Big. She begins to feel trapped and cannot shake off Mr. Big's presence in her life. Carrie and Aidan first break up when Carrie confesses, on Charlotte and Trey's wedding day, that she had an affair with Mr. Big.
Later in the series, Carrie and Aidan get back together, move in together, and become engaged. However, the engagement is broken when Carrie discovers she is not ready to marry him, and he is not willing to wait for her. Further hurt is caused when Carrie realizes Aidan only wants to marry her because he still doesn't trust her. Aidan hoped that by marrying Carrie, it would show the world she was his. During the sixth-season premiere, Carrie runs into Aidan on the street. She discovers that he has married a fellow furniture designer, Cathy, and has a son named Tate (played by Sarah Jessica Parker's son). The two agree to meet for coffee; Carrie states in voiceover that "there are some dates you cannot wait to keep, and there are some you both know you will never keep." In the film Sex and the City 2, a chance encounter between Aidan and Carrie in Abu Dhabi is a major plot point. While shopping at a local market with Miranda in Abu Dhabi, Carrie and Aidan encounter each other, they make a plan to catch up over dinner, where Aidan reveals he and Cathy are still married and have two more sons, Wyatt and Homer and in a moment of passion, share a brief kiss. Carrie becomes emotionally distraught over this and confesses the kiss to Big. After taking his time coming to terms with this revelation and understanding Carrie's mistake was because of her domestic crisis of faith, he forgives her.
Jack Berger[edit]
Following the end of her relationship with Aidan, Carrie begins to date Jack Berger (Ron Livingston), a novelist with a mixed degree of success. She meets him while discussing her upcoming book at her publisher's (Amy Sedaris) office. That day, Carrie and Berger go for a walk, during which Carrie gets a strawberry milkshake from McDonald's. Berger states to her, "How can anyone order strawberry after the age of eleven?", and Carrie obviously likes his sense of humor. However, when she asks him to be her "Plus One" at her party, he states he has a girlfriend. After an initially rocky start (in which Berger must break ties with his ex-girlfriend, Lauren), they form a rather playful relationship; one that initially seems to make Carrie very happy.
Berger is particularly notable for uttering the line, "He's just not that into you," as a response to Miranda's wondering why a recent date has not called her. The line inspired a book and later a film by Sex and the City writers.
As Carrie's success begins to mount, and particularly after Berger's second novel is not picked up for publication, the relationship deteriorates. Berger feels insecure about Carrie's newfound success as a writer after her book goes international and she begins receiving high-sum royalties. This is made worse by Carrie's thoughtless reaction to his first novel; her initial reaction – that she loves the book – is overshadowed by her simultaneous criticism of a minor detail about a lead character's hair accessory (i.e., that a modern-day New York woman would not wear a "scrunchie" while out and about).
Carrie and Berger fight frequently, culminating in a "break" in their relationship. Berger returns, professing his love for Carrie, and stating that he wishes to try again. However, he ends up leaving later, in the middle of the night, breaking up with Carrie via a Post-it note which reads, "I'm sorry, I can't. Don't hate me." After this hasty departure, Berger is referenced in only one more episode—after Carrie runs into his friends at a bar, she regrets leaving Berger an angry message (through his friends), stating that his break-up method was rude and pathetic.
Aleksandr Petrovsky[edit]
Next, Carrie meets and begins a relationship with Aleksandr Petrovsky (rus. Александр Пeтpoвcкий; Mikhail Baryshnikov), in the sixth season. He is a rich, successful, and older Russian artist. Carrie enjoys the relationship, but problems arise when she discovers that he already has a daughter in her twenties, and he doesn't want any more children. To ensure this, he has had a vasectomy. Carrie feels forced to choose between a long-term relationship with Petrovsky and the possibility of having children. She wonders if his love will be enough to compensate for the lack of children. She decides to stay in the relationship, despite mounting evidence that he will never be able to fully commit to her emotionally, as he is a very self-involved artist, and even at one point he claims that Carrie is "not his friend", but his lover.
He asks Carrie to leave her job and life in New York and move with him to Paris, where he has a museum show. After some degree of convincing, she accepts, giving up her job, her apartment, and her friends. But she finds herself to be lonely, disappointed, and confused upon her arrival, waiting for hours to meet with him, while he forgets his dates with her. She doesn't speak French well, and Petrovsky often leaves her alone in order to tend to his own career. His ex-wife warns Carrie that the relationship will be all about him. Meanwhile, Carrie has no friends there, but things start to look up when she meets some fans of her book, and she agrees to meet them at a cafe. However, a very anxious and panicking Alex begs her to accompany him to his museum show preview, and she agrees. But once there, he deserts her and seems to forget about her, and she realizes he doesn't need her. She rushes to meet with the fans, but they have left and mangled her book in the wake of her standing them up. In the series finale, after an argument and Alex impulsively slaps her, Carrie leaves him after facing his emotional shortcomings and his inability to give her an appropriate amount of attention. While in the lobby of the hotel trying to secure a room of her own, she runs into Mr. Big, who runs to defend her against Aleksandr. He finally understands that she is "the one" and pursued her to Paris with the encouragement of her friends. Carrie returns with Mr. Big to New York City.
Carrie's ex-lovers[edit]
Sebastian Kydd[edit]
Carrie shares her first kiss with Sebastian Kydd, a rich kid from town, at her swim club when she was 15. He later becomes her boyfriend, and they share an on-and-off relationship throughout the first season of The Carrie Diaries. They broke up due to being incompatible. During the second season of The Carrie Diaries, the two reignite their love for each other. Sebastian leaves to California with his father, but he and Carrie maintain a long distance relationship. When Sebastian returns to Manhattan, moving into Larissa's old apartment, Carrie realizes his interests have changed. Sebastian remains busy with interests in starting a clothing line and it causes problems in the relationship. Sebastian wanted to move to California to pursue his dreams, but Carrie wanted to stay in Manhattan to work for Interview Magazine. Carrie decides to say yes to a full-time job offer at Interview but loses her chances at going to NYU. She is later fired because of a dispute between Larissa, and Andy. Carrie tries to attend NYU, but she is told it is too late. After hearing about Carrie's situation, Sebastian decides to invite her to go live with him in Malibu where he will work on his clothing business. Carrie agrees to move until she later realizes she belongs in Manhattan. The two say their final goodbyes at Larrisa's wedding.
George Silver[edit]
Carrie's second boyfriend. She starts dating George after meeting him at her internship at a law firm. She ends their relationship after he tries to force her to have sex in the back of a car. Throughout the relationship she still has feelings for Sebastian, using George to incite feelings of jealousy in Sebastian.
Adam Weaver[edit]
Carrie's third boyfriend, appearing in Season 2 of The Carrie Diaries. Larissa, Carrie's boss, wanted Carrie to get an interview with Weaver for Interview Magazine. Carrie attends a role play of Weaver's piece. When she laughs during the funeral scene she is frowned at by her friend Bennet, but Adam Weaver later finds her after the show and is charmed by her understanding of the scene. Carrie and Weaver become close as Carrie tries to pry information out of him for Interview. She later drops the assignment and they start to date. In The Carrie diaries she loses her virginity to him. Carrie and Weaver start to have problems when Weaver begins critiquing her work. They get in a fight that ends their relationship, and Weaver accuses her for having feelings for Sebastian. After they break up over Carrie still being in love with Sebastian, Adam writes an article about Carrie as 'Mystery Girl', in which rude and untrue things are said, although nobody knows that the 'Mystery Girl' is Carrie. At the end of Season 2, he goes to her senior prom, apologizing for his behavior.
Capote Duncan[edit]
According to Candace Bushnell's book, Summer and the City, Capote Duncan was Carrie's classmate in The New School. At the beginning, Carrie hated him because of his arrogance but at the end of the book, it was said that he's the person with whom Carrie lost her virginity. He appears briefly in the beginning of the TV series adaption.
Bernard Singer[edit]
In Summer and the City, Bernard Singer is a famous writer who Carrie has a brief relationship with, only to realise that Bernard doesn't love Carrie and that she loves Capote Duncan.
Bibliography[edit]
Books:
Sex and the City (a collection of her columns)
MEN-hattan
A Single Life
Love Letters
I Do! Do I?
Critical reception[edit]
Critical reception to Carrie tended to be positive during the show's run and in the years immediately thereafter. In 2004, Carrie Bradshaw was listed as number 11 on Bravo's 100 Greatest TV Characters.[3][4] In 2009 The Guardian named Bradshaw as an icon of the decade, stating that "Carrie Bradshaw did as much to shift the culture around certain women's issues as real-life female groundbreakers."[5] In 2010, Carrie Bradshaw was listed as the 2nd in TV Guide's list "25 Greatest TV Characters of All-Time". AOL ranked her the 41st Most Memorable Female TV Character.[6] TV Guide named her the most fashionable TV character.[7] Her relationship with Mr. Big was included in TV Guide's list of the best TV couples of all time.[8] Parker received two Emmy Awards, three Screen Actors Guild Awards, and four Golden Globe Awards for her performance.
In retrospective analysis of the show, critics have generally reassessed Carrie Bradshaw as an unsympathetic protagonist, despite the show's portrayal of her as a positive figure. In 2013, Glamour magazine called Carrie "the worst" character on the show, saying that "her brattiness and self-absorption eclipsed her redeeming qualities and even her awesome shoes."[9] In a 2010 retrospective about the previous two decades in pop culture, ABC News named Carrie one of the ten worst characters of the past twenty years, calling her a "snippy, self-righteous Manhattan snob" and citing the character's actions in Sex and the City 2 as evidence that she was beyond personal growth or redemption.[10] The New Yorker, looking back on the show a decade after it went off the air, felt that while the character began as a "happy, curious explorer, out companionably smoking with modellizers," from the second season on she "spun out, becoming anxious, obsessive, and, despite her charm, wildly self-centered."[11]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Since season 5 episode 2
Jump up ^ "TV Characters More Adorable Than New Girl's Jess". TV Guide. Retrieved April 13, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Bravo > 100 Greatest TV Characters". Bravo. Archived from the original on July 17, 2007. Retrieved November 11, 2006.
Jump up ^ Cheng, Jim (November 7, 2004). "Bravo to salute icons of the television age". USA Today. Retrieved February 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ Wolf, Naomi (December 22, 2009). "Carrie Bradshaw – Icons of the decade". The Guardian. Retrieved 2009-12-22.
Jump up ^ Potts, Kim (March 2, 2011). "100 Most Memorable Female TV Characters". AOL TV. AOL, Inc. Retrieved July 20, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Carrie Bradshaw Pictures – Photo Gallery: Who Are the Most Fashionable TV Characters?". TV Guide. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Couples Pictures, Sex and the City Photos – Photo Gallery: The Best TV Couples of All Time". TV Guide. Retrieved June 25, 2012.
Jump up ^ Angelo, Megan (January 14, 2013). "Confession: I've Never Been Able to Stand Carrie Bradshaw". Glamour. Retrieved April 21, 2014.
Jump up ^ Marikar, Sheila, Heron, Liz (June 4, 2010). "Top 10 Worst TV and Film Characters in the Last 20". ABC News. Retrieved April 21, 2014.
Jump up ^ Nussbaum, Emily (July 29, 2013). "How "Sex and the City" Lost its Good Name". The New Yorker. Retrieved April 21, 2014.
External links[edit]
Official Sex and the City homepage
[hide]
v
t
e
Sex and the City by Candace Bushnell
Episodes
Season 1
2
3
4
5
6 ("To Market, to Market")
Characters
Carrie Bradshaw
Samantha Jones
Charlotte York Goldenblatt
Miranda Hobbes
John James "Mr. Big" Preston
Steve Brady
Films
Sex and the City
soundtrack
Sex and the City 2
Miscellaneous
Book
Sex and the City: Music from the HBO Series
The Carrie Diaries
episodes
1
2
Accolades
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carrie_Bradshaw&oldid=843320445"
Categories:
Sex and the City characters
Fictional reporters
Fictional storytellers
Fictional writers
Fictional socialites
Fictional smokers
Fictional characters from New York City
Fictional characters introduced in 1998
Hidden categories:
Pages using deprecated image syntax
Articles with a promotional tone from December 2014
All articles with a promotional tone
Articles that need to differentiate between fact and fiction from December 2014
All articles that need to differentiate between fact and fiction
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Azərbaycanca
Български
Čeština
Cymraeg
Dansk
Español
Français
한국어
Italiano
עברית
ქართული
Magyar
Македонски
Norsk
Polski
Русский
Suomi
中文
9 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 28 May 2018, at 10:43.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: th

attrs: colspan style

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background: #FF29FF; color: #000000;

value: tr

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

attrs: href title

value: td

value: b

value: i

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/Sex_and_the_City_(SATC_pilot)
mw-redirect
Sex and the City (SATC pilot)

values: text-align:center;background: #FF29FF; color: #000000;

values:
/wiki/Newspaper_columnist
mw-redirect
Newspaper columnist

values:
infobox
width:22em;border-spacing: 2px 5px;

values:
/wiki/The_CW_Television_Network
mw-redirect
The CW Television Network

values: Edit section: Character history and personality

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-fanpov

values: Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Writing about fiction

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-in-universe

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Dolce_and_Gabbana
mw-redirect
Dolce and Gabbana

values:
/wiki/Anna_Molinari
mw-redirect
Anna Molinari

values:
/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultier
mw-redirect
Jean Paul Gaultier

values:
/wiki/Lanvin_(clothing)
mw-redirect
Lanvin (clothing)

values:
/wiki/Gianni_Versace_S.p.A.
mw-redirect
Gianni Versace S.p.A.

values:
/wiki/Baby_showers
mw-redirect
Baby showers

values: Edit section: "Mr. Big" John James Preston

values:
/wiki/John_Corbett_(actor)
mw-redirect
John Corbett (actor)

values:
/wiki/He%27s_Just_Not_That_Into_You
mw-redirect
He's Just Not That Into You

values:
/wiki/Post-it_note
mw-redirect
Post-it note

values:
/wiki/Bravo_(US_TV_channel)
mw-redirect
Bravo (US TV channel)

values:
/wiki/Screen_Actors_Guild_Awards
mw-redirect
Screen Actors Guild Awards

values:
/wiki/Golden_Globe_Awards
mw-redirect
Golden Globe Awards

values:
nofollow
http://www.hbo.com/city/
external text

values: Sex and the City: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack

values: Sex and the City: Music from the HBO Series

values: List of awards and nominations received by Sex and the City

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Fictional characters from New York City

values: Category:Fictional characters introduced in 1998

values: Category:Pages using deprecated image syntax

values: Category:Articles with a promotional tone from December 2014

values: Category:All articles with a promotional tone

values: Category:Articles that need to differentiate between fact and fiction from December 2014

values: Category:All articles that need to differentiate between fact and fiction

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Carrie_Bradshaw
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: Кари Брадшоу – Bulgarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cy
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values: 캐리 브래드쇼 – Korean

values: קארי בראדשו – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values: კერი ბრედშოუ – Georgian

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values: Кери Бредшо – Macedonian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values: Кэрри Брэдшоу – Russian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values: 凱莉·布雷蕭 – Chinese

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Carrie_Bradshaw rootpage-Carrie_Bradshaw skin-vector action-view


text:
Khalsa
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
For the armed forces of the Sikh Empire, see Sikh Khalsa Army
Early Akali Sikh warriors of the Khalsa
Vaisakhi festival of Sikhs honors the Khalsa tradition every year.
Part of a series on
Sikhism
Sikh gurus[show]
Guru Nanak
Guru Angad
Guru Amar Das
Guru Ram Das
Guru Arjan
Guru Hargobind
Guru Har Rai
Guru Har Krishan
Guru Tegh Bahadur
Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Granth Sahib
Guru Panth
Select revered saints[show]
Bhagat Kabir
Bhagat Ravidas
Bhagat Farid
Bhagat Ramanand
Bhagat Beni
Bhagat Namdev
Bhagat Sadhana
Bhagat Bhikhan
Bhagat Parmanand
Bhagat Sain
Bhagat Dhanna
Bhagat Pipa
Bhagat Surdas
Bhagat Jaidev
Bhagat Trilochan
Bhatt Kalshar
Bhatt Balh
Bhatt Bhalh
Bhatt Bhika
Bhatt Gayand
Bhatt Harbans
Bhatt Jalap
Bhatt Kirat
Bhatt Mathura
Bhatt Nalh
Bhatt Salh
Baba Sundar
Satta Doom
Balvand Rai
Philosophy[show]
Naam Japo
Kirat Karō
Vand Chakkō
Charhdi Kalā
Guru Maneyo Granth
Five Thieves
Five Virtues
Practices[show]
Sikh Rehat Maryada
Prohibitions
Ardās
Kirtan
Amrit Velā
Dasvand
Amrit Sanchar
The Five Ks
Langar
Simran
Nitnem
Scripture[show]
Guru Granth Sahib
Dasam Granth
Sarbloh Granth
Five Banis
Takhts[show]
Akal Takht
Keshgarh Sahib
Damdama Sahib
Patna Sahib
Hazur Sahib
General topics[show]
History
Ik Onkar
Gurdwara
Harmandir Sahib
Khalsa
Panj Pyare
Khanda
Literature
Music
Names
Places
Nanakshahi calendar
Sikhs
Waheguru
Bhagat
Dastar (Turban)
Criticism
Jathedar of Akal Takht
Sikhism portal
v
t
e
Khalsa (Punjabi: ਖ਼ਾਲਸਾ "the pure") refers to both a special group of initiated Sikh warriors, as well as a community that considers Sikhism as its faith.[1][2] The Khalsa tradition was initiated in 1699 by the last living Guru of Sikhism, Guru Gobind Singh. Its formation was a key event in the history of Sikhism.[2] The founding of Khalsa is celebrated by Sikhs during the festival of Vaisakhi.[3][4][5]
Guru Gobind Singh started the Khalsa tradition after his father had been beheaded for resisting the religious persecution of non-Muslims (mainly Kashmiri Hindus) during the rule of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.[6][7][8] Guru Gobind Singh created and initiated the Khalsa as a warrior with a duty to protect the innocent from any form of religious persecution.[9] The Khalsa redefined the Sikh tradition from the start. It formulated an initiation ceremony (amrit pahul, nectar ceremony) and rules of conduct for the Khalsa warriors. It created a new institution for the temporal leadership of the Sikhs, replacing the masands system maintained by the earlier Gurus of Sikhism. Additionally, the Khalsa provided a political and religious vision for the Sikh community.[1][10][11]:127
Upon initiation, a Khalsa Sikh was given the titles of Singh (male) and Kaur (female). The rules of life, included behavioral code (Rahit, such as no tobacco, no alcohol, no meat), and a dress code (Five Ks).[11]:121–126 In contrast to the Khalsa Sikh, a Sahajdhari Sikh is one who reveres the teachings of Sikh gurus, but has not undergone the initiation. Sahajdhari Sikhs do not accept some or all elements of the dress and behavioral codes of the Khalsa Sikhs.[12] The Khalsa has been predominantly a male institution in Sikh history, with Khalsa authority with the male leaders. In the contemporary era, it has become open to women but its authority remains with Sikh men.[1][13]
Contents
[hide]
1 Etymology
2 Background
3 Foundation
4 Dress and code of conduct
4.1 Prohibitions
4.2 Duties and warriors
5 Initiation
6 Initial tensions with the non-Khalsa disciples
7 Contemporary status
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
Etymology[edit]
"Khalsa", according to McLeod, is derived from the Arabic or Persian word "Khalisa" which means "pure".[14][15]
Sikhism emerged in the northwestern part of Indian subcontinent (now parts of Pakistan and India). During the Mughal Empire rule, according to Eleanor Nesbitt, khalsa originally meant the land that was possessed directly by the emperor, which was different from jagir land granted to lords in exchange for a promise of loyalty and annual tribute to the emperor.[16] Prior to Guru Gobind Singh, the religious organization was organized through the masands or agents. The masands would collect revenue from rural regions for the Sikh cause, much like jagirs would for the Islamic emperor.[16][17] The khalsa, in Sikhism, came to mean pure loyalty to the Guru, and not to the intermediary masands who were increasingly becoming corrupt, states Nesbitt.[16][18]
Background[edit]
The Sikhs faced religious persecution during the Mughal Empire rule. Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Guru, was arrested and executed by Emperor Jahangir in 1606.[19] The following Guru, Guru Hargobind formally militarised the Sikhs and emphasised the complementary nature of the temporal power and spiritual power.[20] In 1675, Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Guru of the Sikhs and the father of Guru Gobind Singh was executed by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb for resisting religious persecution of non-Muslims, and for refusing to convert to Islam.[6][7][8]
Foundation[edit]
Panj Pyare
Bhai Daya Singh
Bhai Himmat Singh
Bhai Mohkam Singh
Bhai Dharam Singh
Bhai Sahib Singh
v
t
e
Keshgarh Sahib Gurudwara at Anandpur Sahib, Punjab, the birthplace of Khalsa
In 1699, the tenth Guru of Sikhism, Guru Gobind Singh asked Sikhs to gather at Anandpur Sahib on 30 March 1699, the day of Vaisakhi (the annual harvest festival). Guru Gobind Singh addressed the congregation from the entryway of a tent pitched on a hill (now called Kesgarh Sahib). He drew his sword, according to the Sikh tradition, and then asked for a volunteer from those who gathered, someone willing to sacrifice his head. One came forward, whom he took inside a tent. The Guru returned to the crowd without the volunteer, but with a bloody sword.[21] He asked for another volunteer, and repeated the same process of returning from the tent without anyone and with a bloodied sword four more times. After the fifth volunteer went with him into the tent, the Guru returned with all five volunteers, all safe. He called them the Panj Pyare and the first Khalsa in the Sikh tradition.[21] These five volunteers were : Daya Ram (Bhai Daya Singh), Dharam Das (Bhai Dharam Singh), Himmat Rai (Bhai Himmat Singh), Mohkam Chand (Bhai Mohkam Singh), and Sahib Chand (Bhai Sahib Singh).
A Fresco of Guru Gobind Singh and The Panj Piare in Gurdwara Bhai Than Singh built in the reign of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.
Guru Gobind Singh then mixed water and sugar into an iron bowl, stirring it with a double-edged sword to prepare what he called Amrit ("nectar"). He then administered this to the Panj Pyare, accompanied with recitations from the Adi Granth, thus founding the khande ka pahul (baptization ceremony) of a Khalsa – a warrior community.[21][22] The Guru also gave them a new surname "Singh" (lion). After the first five Khalsa had been baptized, the Guru asked the five to baptize him as a Khalsa. This made the Guru the sixth Khalsa, and his name changed from Guru Gobind Rai to Guru Gobind Singh.[21]
He introduced ideas that indirectly challenged the discriminatory taxes imposed by Islamic authorities. For example, Aurangzeb had imposed taxes on non-Muslims that were collected from the Sikhs as well, for example the jizya (poll tax on non-Muslims), pilgrim tax and Bhaddar tax – the last being a tax to be paid by anyone following the Hindu ritual of shaving the head after the death of a loved one and cremation.[23] Guru Gobind Singh declared that Khalsa do not need to continue this practice, because Bhaddar is not dharam, but a bharam (illusion).[23][24] Not shaving the head also meant not having to pay the taxes by Sikhs who lived in Delhi and other parts of the Mughal Empire.[23] However, the new code of conduct also led to internal disagreements between Sikhs in the 18th century, particularly between the Nanakpanthi and the Khalsa.[23]
Guru Gobind Singh had deep respect for the Khalsa, and stated that there is no difference between the True Guru and the sangat (panth).[25] Before his founding of the Khalsa, the Sikh movement had used the Sanskrit word Sisya (literally, disciple or student), but the favored term thereafter became Khalsa.[26] Additionally, prior to the Khalsa, the Sikh congregations across India had a system of Masands appointed by the Sikh Gurus. The Masands led the local Sikh communities, local temples, collected wealth and donations for the Sikh cause.[26] Guru Gobind Singh concluded that the Masands system had become corrupt, he abolished them and introduced a more centralized system with the help of Khalsa that was under his direct supervision.[26] These developments created two groups of Sikhs, those who initiated as Khalsa, and others who remained Sikhs but did not undertake the initiation.[26] The Khalsa Sikhs saw themselves as a separate religious entity, while the Nanak-panthi Sikhs retained their different perspective.[27][28]
The Khalsa warrior community tradition started by Guru Gobind Singh has contributed to modern scholarly debate on pluralism within Sikhism. His tradition has survived into the modern times, with initiated Sikh referred to as Khalsa Sikh, while those who do not get baptized referred to as Sahajdhari Sikhs.[29][30][31]
An inscription naming the five members of the Khalsa Panth, at Takht Keshgarh Sahib, the birthplace of Khalsa on Baisakh 1, 1756 Vikram Samvat.
The creation of the Khalsa; initiated by Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru.
Dress and code of conduct[edit]
Main article: Five Ks
Kanga, Kara and Kirpan – three of the five Ks
Guru Gobind Singh initiated the Five K's tradition of the Khalsa,[32][33]
Kesh: uncut hair.
Kangha: a wooden comb.
Kara: an iron or steel bracelet worn on the wrist.
Kirpan: a sword.
Kacchera: short breeches.
He also announced a code of discipline for Khalsa warriors. Tobacco, eating meat slaughtered according to Muslim ritual and sex with Muslims were forbidden.[32][34] The Khalsas also agreed to never interact with those who followed rivals or their successors.[32] The co-initiation of men and women from different castes into the ranks of Khalsa also institutionalized the principle of equality in Sikhism regardless of one's caste or gender.[34] According to Owen and Sambhi, Guru Gobind Singh's significance to the Sikh tradition has been very important, as he institutionalized the Khalsa, resisted the ongoing persecution by the Mughal Empire, and continued "the defense of Sikhism and Hinduism against the Muslim assault of Aurangzeb".[9]
Prohibitions[edit]
The four prohibitions[35] or mandatory restrictions of the Khalsa or life of khalsa at time of Guru Gobind Singh Ji are:
Not to disturb the natural growth of the hairs.
Not to eat meat of any animal slaughtered according to Muslim rituals.
Cohabiting with a person other than one's spouse.
Using tobacco or alcohol.
A Khalsa who breaks any code of conduct is no longer a Khalsa, is excommunicated from the Khalsa Panth and must go 'pesh' (get baptised again). Guru Gobind Singh also gave the Khalsa 52 hukams or 52 specific additional guidelines while living in Nanded in 1708.[36]
Duties and warriors[edit]
Main articles: Dal Khalsa, Sikh Khalsa Army, Fauj-i-Ain, and Fauj-i-Khas
A Khalsa is enjoined to be honest, treat everyone as equal, meditate on God, maintain his fidelity, resist tyranny and religious persecution of oneself and others.[citation needed]
One of the duties of the Khalsa is to practice arms. This has been deemed necessary due to the rising persecution from the rulers. Before joining the Khalsa, most of the people were from professions like farming, pottery, masonry, carpenters, Labanas, etc.
Guru Gobind Singh in Oct, 1708 deputed his disciple Banda Singh Bahadur to lead the Khalsa in an uprising against the Mughals. Banda Singh Bahadur first established a Sikh kingdom and then brought in the Land reforms in the form of breaking up large estates and distributing the land to peasants. He and his comrades were eventually defeated and executed, but he became an icon among the Sikhs. After a long exile the Khalsa regrouped under Nawab Kapur Singh, who gathered local Khalsa leaders and created Dal Khalsa, a coalition army. The Dal Khalsa fought against the Mughals and the Afghans, eventually resulting in the establishment of a number of small republics called misls (autonomous confederacies) and later in the formation of the Sikh Empire.
After the fall of the Mughal empire and the later establishment of the Sikh Empire in the Punjab, the Khalsa was converted into a strong, multireligious and multinational fighting force, modernised according to European principles: the Sikh Khalsa Army which had a huge role in the expansion of the empire. Led by generals like: Maharaja Ranjit Singh himself, Misr Diwan Chand and Hari Singh Nalwa. It successfully defeated all its adversaries, including the Afghan tribals and army, Hill Chiefs, Misldars, Chinese, Tibetan and Gurkhas. By the time of death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1839, the whole army of Sikh Empire was assessed at 120,000 men, with 250 artillery pieces. The irregular levies were included.[37]
The official name of the state (Sikh Empire) of Sikhs was "Sarkar-i-Khalsa": Government of the Khalsa. The boundaries of this state stretched from Tibet to Afghanistan and from Kashmir to Sutlej in the south and included regions of Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Kashmir, Ladakh, etc. The "Sarkar-i-Khalsa" was dissolved during two wars fought against the British between 1846 and 1849.[citation needed]
Initiation[edit]
Main article: Amrit Sanchar
Initiation into the Khalsa is referred to as Amrit Sanchar (water of immortality life-cycle rite) or Khande di Pahul (Initiation with the double edged sword).[38] Anyone from any previous religion, age, or knowledge group can take Amrit (Amrit Chhakh) when they are convinced that they are ready.[39] This baptism is done by the Panj Pyare in front of the Guru Granth Sahib. The devotee must arrive to the place of baptism, usually a Gurdwara, in the morning after bathing completely including having washed their hair and must be wearing the 5 articles of the Khalsa uniform.[40] After baptism, the new Singh or Kaur must abide by the four restrictions or must get re-baptised if they break any of them. Jasjpit Singh in Lucinda Mosher book describes taking Amrit as a huge commitment, "You are making a commitment to God, to God's creation, to yourself – and you're giving up yourself. It is like giving up your own ego and accepting God into your life – and accepting yourself as one with the entire creation."[41]
Initial tensions with the non-Khalsa disciples[edit]
Akalis at the Holy Tank
With the creation of Khalsa, Guru Gobind Singh had abolished all existing social divisions as was fundamental in the teachings of Sri Guru Nanak Dev.[42] In their new order, the former lowest of the low would stand with the former highest; all would become one and drink from the same vessel.[43] All previous beliefs relating to family, occupation, customs and ceremonies were declared useless by the Guru. This caused discomfort to the conservative followers of the Guru and they protested. Many departed from the ceremony, but the Guru declared that the low castes should be raised and would dwell next to him.[43]
The newswriter of the Mughal government, Ghulam Mohyiuddin, reporting to the emperor wrote:[44][45]
“ He has abolished caste and custom, old rituals, beliefs and superstitions of the Hindus and bonded them in one single brotherhood. No one will be superior or inferior to another. Men of all castes have been made to eat out of the single bowl. Though orthodox men have opposed him, about twenty thousand men and women have taken baptism of steel at his hand on the first day. The Guru has also told the gathering: "I'll call myself Gobind Singh only if I can make the meek sparrows pounce upon the hawks and tear them; only if one combatant of my force faces a legion of the enemy" ”
Sri Gur Sobha (18th century) by Sainapati (Saina Singh) contains two sections (adhyays) on the controversies that arose, when Guru Gobind Singh's disciples in Delhi heard the news of his new order.[46] Much of the controversy stated in Sri Gur Sobha revolves around bhaddar, the ritual shaving of head after death of a close relative, which was discouraged by Guru Gobind Singh. According to Sainapti, while creating the Khalsa, Guru Gobind Singh said that bhaddar is bharam (illusion), and not dharam.[46]
Tensions developed between the Punjabi Khatri disciples of the Guru in Delhi, and members of the newly formed Khalsa. A prominent Khatri disciple was expelled from the place of worship (dharmasala) for refusing to join the Khalsa. Another disciple was expelled for eating with him, starting a chain of further expulsions.[46] The expelled disciples convened a community gathering, at which two wealthy Khatris demanded that the Khalsa produce a written order from the Guru that a new mandatory code of conduct had been promulgated. A Khatri family that refused to follow the bhaddar ritual was boycotted by the Khatri community.[46] The Khatri council (panch) closed the bazaar to pressure the Khalsa. The Khalsa petitioned the state officials to intervene, who forced reopening of the shops. Later, peace was established between the two groups in a sangat (congregation). However, hostility between some Khatris and the Khalsa persisted in the later years.[46]
Contemporary status[edit]
Khalsa principles of Deg to cook food (langar) in huge amount
Today, the Khalsa is respected by the entire gamut of Sikhs; however, not all Sikhs are Amritdharis[21] The issue of Khalsa code of conduct has led to several controversies. In the early 1950s, a serious split occurred in the Canadian Sikh community, when the Khalsa Diwan Society in Vancouver, British Columbia elected a clean-shaven Sikh to serve on its management committee.[47] Although most of the early Sikh immigrants to Canada were non-Khalsa, and a majority of the members of the society were clean-shaven non-Khalsa Sikhs, a faction objected to the election of a non-Khalsa to the management committee. The factions in Vancouver and Victoria, British Columbia broke away from the Khalsa Diwan Society, and established their own gurdwara society called Akali Singh.[47]
In the United Kingdom there have been tensions between the Khalsa Sikhs and the non-Khalsa Sikhs. Many Sikhs in Britain have insisted on their right of not conforming to the Khalsa norms, while maintaining that they are truly Sikh. On the other hand, some of the Khalsa Sikhs think of the non-Khalsa Sikhs as having abandoned the Sikh faith altogether.[48]
Each year the Khalsa display their military skills around the world at a festival called Hola Mohalla. During Hola Mohalla military exercises are performed alongside mock battles followed by kirtan and valour poetry competitions. The Khalsa also lead the Sikhs in the annual Vaisakhi parade.[49]
The Khalsa celebrating the Sikh festival Hola Mohalla or simply Hola.
See also[edit]
Chakram
Gatka
Khalsa Heritage Memorial Complex
Langar
Nihang
Sects of Sikhism
Sikh history
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Khalsa: Sikhism, Encyclopaedia Britannica
^ Jump up to: a b Nikky-Guninder Kaur Singh (2012). Birth of the Khalsa, The: A Feminist Re-Memory of Sikh Identity. State University of New York Press. p. xi. ISBN 978-0-7914-8266-7.
Jump up ^ Cath Senker (2007). My Sikh Year. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-4042-3733-9. , Quote: "Vaisakhi is the most important mela. It marks the Sikh New Year. At Vaisakhi, Sikhs remember how their community, the Khalsa, first began."
Jump up ^ William Owen Cole; Piara Singh Sambhi (1995). The Sikhs: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. Sussex Academic Press. p. 63. ISBN 978-1-898723-13-4. , Quote: "The Sikh new year, Vaisakhi, occurs at Sangrand in April, usually on the thirteenth day."
Jump up ^ Knut A. Jacobsen (2008). South Asian Religions on Display: Religious Processions in South Asia and in the Diaspora. Routledge. p. 192. ISBN 978-1-134-07459-4. , Quote: "(...) for the Sikhs, it [Baisakhi] celebrates the foundation of the Khalsa in 1699."
^ Jump up to: a b Arvind-Pal Singh Mandair (2013). Sikhism: A Guide for the Perplexed. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 53–54. ISBN 978-1-4411-0231-7. , Quote: "The Guru's stance was a clear and unambiguous challenge, not to the sovereignty of the Mughal state, but to the state's policy of not recognizing the sovereign existence of non-Muslims, their traditions and ways of life".
^ Jump up to: a b Seiple, Chris (2013). The Routledge handbook of religion and security. New York: Routledge. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-415-66744-9.
^ Jump up to: a b Pashaura Singh; Louis E. Fenech (2014). The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies. Oxford University Press. pp. 236–238. ISBN 978-0-19-969930-8. ;
Fenech, Louis E. (2001). "Martyrdom and the Execution of Guru Arjan in Early Sikh Sources". Journal of the American Oriental Society. American Oriental Society. 121 (1): 20–31. doi:10.2307/606726. ;
Fenech, Louis E. (1997). "Martyrdom and the Sikh Tradition". Journal of the American Oriental Society. American Oriental Society. 117 (4): 623–642. doi:10.2307/606445. ;
McLeod, Hew (1999). "Sikhs and Muslims in the Punjab". South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies. Taylor & Francis. 22 (sup001): 155–165. doi:10.1080/00856408708723379. ISSN 0085-6401.
^ Jump up to: a b Cole, W. Owen; Sambhi, Piara Singh (1978). The Sikhs: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 36. ISBN 0-7100-8842-6.
Jump up ^ Singh, Teja (2006). A Short History of the Sikhs: Volume One. Patiala: Punjabi University. p. 107. ISBN 8173800073.
^ Jump up to: a b Singh, Kartar (2008). Life of Guru Gobind Singh. Ludhiana, India: Lahore Bookshop.
Jump up ^ Sikhism: Sects and Other Groups, Encyclopaedia Britannica
Jump up ^ Wendy Doniger (1999). Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions. Merriam-Webster. p. 636. ISBN 978-0-87779-044-0.
Jump up ^ Sandeep Chohan and Ron Geaves (2001), The religious dimension in the struggle for Khalistan and its roots in Sikh history, International Journal of Punjab Studies, Volume 8, Issue 1, page 85
Jump up ^ S Jain (1994). Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Volume 74. Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute. p. 217. , Quote: The word "Khalsa" (from Persian khalis) itself means "pure".
^ Jump up to: a b c Eleanor Nesbitt (2016). Sikhism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press. pp. 54–57, 29, 143. ISBN 978-0-19-874557-0.
Jump up ^ E. G. Wace (1884). Final Report on the First Regular Settlement of the Simla District in the Punjab. Calcutta Central Press. pp. xxvi–xxviii, 3, 28.
Jump up ^ W. H. McLeod (2003). Sikhs of the Khalsa: A History of the Khalsa Rahit. Oxford University Press. p. 36. ISBN 978-0-19-565916-0.
Jump up ^ N. Jayapalan (2001). History of India. Atlantic. p. 160. ISBN 9788171569281.
Jump up ^ Singh, H.S. (2005). Sikh Studies, Book 7. Hemkunt Press. p. 19. ISBN 9788170102458.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Mahmood, Cynthia Keppley (1996). Fighting for faith and nation dialogues with Sikh militants. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 43–45. ISBN 978-0812215922. OCLC 44966032.
Jump up ^ P Dhavan (2011). When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699-1799. Oxford University Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-0-19-975655-1.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Arvind-Pal Singh Mandair; Christopher Shackle; Gurharpal Singh (2013). Sikh Religion, Culture and Ethnicity. Routledge. pp. 25–28. ISBN 978-1-136-84627-4.
Jump up ^ P Dhavan (2011). When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699-1799. Oxford University Press. pp. 43–44. ISBN 978-0-19-975655-1.
Jump up ^ Cole, W. Owen; Sambhi, Piara Singh (1978). The Sikhs: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 38–39. ISBN 0-7100-8842-6. , Quote: All the battles I have won against tyranny I have fought with the devoted backing of the people. Through them only have I been able to bestow gifts, through their help I have escaped from harm. The love and generosity of these Sikhs have enriched my heart and home. Through their grace I have attained all learning, through their help in battle I have slain all my enemies. I was born to serve them, through them I reached eminence. What would I have been without their kind and ready help?There are millions of insignificant people like me. True service is the service of these people. I am not inclined to serve others of higher caste: charity will bear fruit in this and the next world, If given to such worthy people as these. All other sacrifices are and charities are profitless. From toe to toe, whatever I call my own, all I possess and carry, I dedicate to these people.</poem>
^ Jump up to: a b c d Harjot Oberoi (1994). The Construction of Religious Boundaries: Culture, Identity, and Diversity in the Sikh Tradition. University of Chicago Press. pp. 59–62. ISBN 978-0-226-61592-9.
Jump up ^ Harjot Oberoi (1994). The Construction of Religious Boundaries: Culture, Identity, and Diversity in the Sikh Tradition. University of Chicago Press. pp. 24, 77–78, 89–90. ISBN 978-0-226-61592-9.
Jump up ^ Arvind-Pal S. Mandair; Christopher Shackle; Gurharpal Singh (2013). Sikh Religion, Culture and Ethnicity. Routledge. pp. 30–33. ISBN 978-1-136-84634-2.
Jump up ^ Pashaura Singh; Louis E. Fenech (2014). The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies. Oxford University Press. pp. 23–24. ISBN 978-0-19-100411-7.
Jump up ^ Louis E. Fenech; W. H. McLeod (2014). Historical Dictionary of Sikhism. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 84–85. ISBN 978-1-4422-3601-1.
Jump up ^ Knut A. Jacobsen; Kristina Myrvold (2012). Sikhs Across Borders: Transnational Practices of European Sikhs. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 142–147, 156–157. ISBN 978-1-4411-0358-1.
^ Jump up to: a b c Cole, W. Owen; Sambhi, Piara Singh (1978). The Sikhs: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. Routledge. p. 37. ISBN 0-7100-8842-6.
Jump up ^ Eleanor Nesbitt, "Sikhism: a very short introduction", ISBN 0-19-280601-7, Oxford University Press, pp. 40–43
^ Jump up to: a b John M Koller (2016). The Indian Way: An Introduction to the Philosophies & Religions of India. Routledge. pp. 312–313. ISBN 978-1-315-50740-8.
Jump up ^ "Section Six". Archived from the original on February 2, 2002.
Jump up ^ Singh, Balawindara (2004). Fifty-Two Commandments Of Guru Gobind Singh. Michigan, US: Singh Bros. p. 9.
Jump up ^ Major Pearse, Hugh; Ranjit Singh and his white officers. In Gardner, Alexander (1999) [1898]. The Fall of Sikh Empire. Delhi, India: National Book Shop. ISBN 81-7116-231-2.
Jump up ^ Nesbitt, Eleanor (2005). Sikhism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780191578069.
Jump up ^ Taylor, Elizabeth (2012). Religion: A Clinical Guide for Nurses. Springer Publishing Company. p. 259. ISBN 9780826108616.
Jump up ^ Brodd, Jeffrey (2009). World Religions: A Voyage of Discovery. Saint Mary's Press. p. 118. ISBN 9780884899976.
Jump up ^ Mosher, Lucinda (2005). Faith in the Neighborhood: Belonging. Church Publishing, Inc. p. 50. ISBN 9781596271517.
Jump up ^ Shan, Harnam (2002). Creation Of Khalsa. Chandigarh, India: Guru Nanak Dev Mission Patiala. p. 9.
^ Jump up to: a b Cunningham, Joseph Davey (2002). "Sikhism under Govind". A history of Sikhs. Rupa & Co., New Delhi. pp. 68–69. ISBN 8171677649.
Jump up ^ Singh, Sangat (2005). "Evolution of Sikh Panth". The Sikhs in History. Singh Brothers. pp. 67–68. ISBN 8172052758.
Jump up ^ Singh, Gopal. A history of the Sikh people. Delhi. p. 291.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Deol, Jeevan (2001). "Eighteenth Century Khalsa Identity: Discourse, Praxis and Narrative". In Arvind-pal Singh and Mandair, Gurharpal Singh and Christopher Shackle. Sikh Religion, Culture and Ethnicity. Routledge. pp. 25–26. ISBN 978-0700713899. OCLC 45337782.
^ Jump up to: a b Paul Robert Magocsi, ed. (1999) [1998]. Encyclopedia of Canada's Peoples. University of Toronto Press. p. 1157. ISBN 978-0802029386. OCLC 56300149.
Jump up ^ Parsons, Gerald (1994). The Growth of Religious Diversity: Britain from 1945. Routledge. p. 231. ISBN 978-0415083263. OCLC 29957116.
Jump up ^ "Picture of the Day: Los Angeles, CA celebrates Vaisakhi". 9 April 2012.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Khalsa.
Who and What is a Khalsa?
Creation of the Khalsa
Rise of the Khalsa
Order of The Khalsa
show
v
t
e
☬ Sikh topics ☬
Gurus
Guru Nanak
Guru Angad
Guru Amar Das
Guru Ram Das
Guru Arjan
Guru Hargobind
Guru Har Rai
Guru Har Krishan
Guru Tegh Bahadur
Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Granth Sahib (Sikh holy book)
Philosophy
Beliefs and principles
Guru Maneyo Granth
Sikh Rehat Maryada
Prohibitions
Cannabis and Sikhism
Diet in Sikhism
Practices
Khalsa
Ardās
Kirtan
Langar
Naam Karan
Anand Karaj
Amrit Sanchar
Amrit Velā
Antam Sanskar
Three Pillars
Kirat Karo
Naam Japo
Vand Chhako
Sikh practices
The Five Ks
Simran
Sewa
Charhdi Kala
Dasvand
Jhatka
Scripture
Guru Granth Sahib
Adi Granth
Dasam Granth
Gurbani
Mul Mantar
Japji Sahib
Chaupai
Jaap Sahib
Rehras
Sukhmani Sahib
Tav-Prasad Savaiye
By country
Australia
Afghanistan
Belgium
Canada
Vancouver
Fiji
France
Germany
India
Indonesia
Iraq
Italy
Malaysia
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Pakistan
Singapore
Switzerland
Thailand
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Other topics
History
Gurmukhi alphabet
Ik Onkar
Waheguru
Khanda
Gurdwara (Harmandir Sahib)
Panj Pyare
Literature
Music
Names
Places
Politics
Nanakshahi calendar
Ramananda
Fariduddin Ganjshakar
Kabir
History of the Punjab
Sardar
Dastar
Islam
Jainism
Hinduism
Sikh Empire
Mela Maghi
Maghi
Vaisakhi
Hola Mohalla
Sikhs
Women in Sikhism
Sikhism and sexual orientation
Idolatry in Sikhism
Criticism
Punjab region
Punjabi people
Punjabi language (Gurmukhī)
Takht
Akal Takht
Damdama Sahib
Kesgarh Sahib
Hazur Sahib
Patna Sahib
☬ Sikhism portal ☬
show
v
t
e
☬ Guru Gobind Singh ☬
Family
Guru Tegh Bahadur, Mata Gujri
Mata Jito, Mata Sundari, Mata Sahib Kaur
Jujhar Singh, Zorawar Singh, Fateh Singh, Ajit Singh
The Leader
Khalsa
Panj Pyare
Guru Maneyo Granth
The Five Ks
The Soldier
Battle of Bhangani,(1688)
Battle of Nadaun,(1687)
Battle of Guler (1696),
First Battle of Anandpur,(1700)
Battle of Anandpur Sahib (1701),
Battle of Nirmohgarh (1702),
Battle of Basoli (1702)
Battle of Anandpur (1704)
Battle of Chamkaur (1704)
Battle of Bichhora Sahib,
Battle of Muktsar.
The Saint
show
v
t
e
Dasam Granth
Jaap Sahib
Akal Ustat
Bachitar Natak
Chandi Charitar Ukat(i) Bilas
Chandi Charitar 2
Chandi di Var
Gyan Parbodh
Chobis Avatar
Brahm Avtar
Rudar Avtar
Sabad patshahi 10
33 Swaiyey
Khalsa Mahima
Shastar Nam Mala
Charitropakhyan
Zafarnamah
Hikayats
Associates
Banda Bahadur
Mata Bhag Kaur
Bhai Kanhaiya
Bhai Mani Singh
Bhai Nand Lal
Pir Budhu Shah
Opponents
Aurangzeb,
Wazir Khan
Jamshed Khan and Wasil Beg
Places
Patna
Anandpur Sahib
Muktsar Sahib
Chamkaur

List of places named after Guru Gobind Singh
Gurudwaras
Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib
Takht Sri Hazur Sahib
Takht Sri Patna Sahib
Nada Sahib
Sikhism portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khalsa&oldid=850473995"
Categories:
Punjabi words and phrases
Warrior code
Hidden categories:
Use dmy dates from June 2016
Use Indian English from June 2016
All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from June 2017
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
فارسی
Français
ગુજરાતી
हिन्दी
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
मराठी
日本語
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
پنجابی
Polski
Português
Simple English
Svenska
தமிழ்
తెలుగు
اردو
9 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 16 July 2018, at 02:55 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: dd

value: dl

value: p

attrs: class style

values: padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;padding-top:0;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em;background: #FFC600; padding:0.2em; font-size:140%;

values: font-size: 105%; padding: 0.2em 0px 0.4em; text-align: center; display: none;

values:
/wiki/Bhagat_Kabir
mw-redirect
Bhagat Kabir

values:
/wiki/Bhagat_Ravidas
mw-redirect
Bhagat Ravidas

values:
/wiki/Bhagat_Farid
mw-redirect
Bhagat Farid

values:
/wiki/Bhagat_Ramanand
mw-redirect
Bhagat Ramanand

values:
/wiki/Bhagat_Surdas
mw-redirect
Bhagat Surdas

values:
/wiki/Jayadeva_in_Sikhism
mw-redirect
Jayadeva in Sikhism

values:
/wiki/Sikh_religious_philosophy
mw-redirect
Sikh religious philosophy

values: International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration

values:
/wiki/Takht_Sri_Keshgarh_Sahib
mw-redirect
Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib

values:
/wiki/Takht_Sri_Hazur_Sahib
mw-redirect
Takht Sri Hazur Sahib

values:
/wiki/Harmandir_Sahib
mw-redirect
Harmandir Sahib

values: padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.3em;font-weight:bold;border-top: 1px solid #aaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;

values: float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%

values:
/wiki/Guru_Arjan_Dev
mw-redirect
Guru Arjan Dev

values:
/wiki/Bhai_Daya_Singh
mw-redirect
Bhai Daya Singh

values:
/wiki/Bhai_Himmat_Singh
mw-redirect
Bhai Himmat Singh

values:
/wiki/Bhai_Mohkam_Singh
mw-redirect
Bhai Mohkam Singh

values:
/wiki/Bhai_Dharam_Singh
mw-redirect
Bhai Dharam Singh

values:
/wiki/Bhai_Sahib_Singh
mw-redirect
Bhai Sahib Singh

values: Template talk:Panj Pyare (page does not exist)

values: float:right; clear:right; margin:0 0 0.5em 1em; width:auto;

values:
/wiki/Keshgarh_Sahib
mw-redirect
Keshgarh Sahib

values:
/wiki/Kesgarh_Sahib
mw-redirect
Kesgarh Sahib

values:
/wiki/Khalsa_Panth
mw-redirect
Khalsa Panth

values:
/wiki/Dal_Khalsa_(Sikh_Empire)
mw-redirect
Dal Khalsa (Sikh Empire)

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2017)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Punjab_region
mw-redirect
Punjab region

values: Edit section: Initial tensions with the non-Khalsa disciples

values: width: 20px; vertical-align: top; border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 40px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold; line-height: .6em; text-align: left; padding: 10px 10px;

values: vertical-align: top; border: none; padding: 4px 10px;

values: width: 20px; vertical-align: bottom; border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 40px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold; line-height: .6em; text-align: right; padding: 10px 10px;

values: margin:auto; border-collapse: collapse; border: none; background-color: transparent; width: auto;

values: margin-left: auto; margin-right:auto; overflow:hidden; width:auto; max-width:558px;

values:
/wiki/Khalsa_Heritage_Memorial_Complex
mw-redirect
Khalsa Heritage Memorial Complex

values:
/wiki/Sikh_history
mw-redirect
Sikh history

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Khalsa

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2307/606726

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2307/606445

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/0085-6401

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/oclc/44966032

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/oclc/45337782

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/oclc/56300149

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/oclc/29957116

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.sikhs.org/khalsa.htm

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.searchsikhism.com/beg.html

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.baisakhi1999.org/order1.htm

values:
/wiki/Gurmukhi_alphabet
mw-redirect
Gurmukhi alphabet

values:
/wiki/Punjabi_people
mw-redirect
Punjabi people

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values:
/wiki/First_Battle_of_Anandpur
mw-redirect
First Battle of Anandpur

values: Battle of Anandpur Sahib (1701) (page does not exist)

values: Battle of Basoli (1702) (page does not exist)

values: Battle of Bichhora Sahib (page does not exist)

values: Template talk:Dasven Padshah Da Granth (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Bachitar_Natak
mw-redirect
Bachitar Natak

values:
/wiki/Chaubis_Avatar
mw-redirect
Chaubis Avatar

values:
/wiki/Sabad_patshahi_10
mw-redirect
Sabad patshahi 10

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values:
/wiki/Banda_Bahadur
mw-redirect
Banda Bahadur

values:
/wiki/Muktsar_Sahib
mw-redirect
Muktsar Sahib

values: List of places named after Guru Gobind Singh

values: Category:Use Indian English from June 2016

values: Category:All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from June 2017

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Khalsa
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values:
/w/index.php?title=Khalsa&action=edit
Edit this page [ctrl-alt-e]
e

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: خالصه (سیک) – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gu
display: none;

values: ख़ालसा – Hindi

values:
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalsa
Khalsa – Indonesian
id
id
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: קהלסה – Hebrew

values: खालसा पंथ – Marathi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mr
display: none;

values: ਖ਼ਾਲਸਾ – Punjabi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pa
display: none;

values:
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalsa
Khalsa – Polish
pl
pl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalsa
Khalsa – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalsa
Khalsa – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: கால்சா – Tamil

values: ఖల్సా – Telugu

values: خالصہ – Urdu

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Khalsa rootpage-Khalsa skin-vector action-view