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Micronutrient deficiency
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Micronutrient deficiency
The skin rash of pellagra, due to not enough niacin.
Micronutrient deficiency or dietary deficiency is not enough of one or more of the micronutrients required for optimal plant or animal health. In humans and other animals they include both vitamin deficiencies and mineral deficiencies,[1] whereas in plants the term refers to deficiencies of essential trace minerals.
Contents
1 Humans
2 Plants
2.1 List of essential trace minerals for plants[8]
3 See also
4 References
Humans[edit]
Micronutrient deficiencies affect more than two billion people of all ages in both developing and industrialized countries. They are the cause of some diseases, exacerbate others and are recognized as having an important impact on worldwide health. Important micronutrients include iodine, iron, zinc, calcium, selenium, fluorine, and vitamins A, B6, B12, B1, B2, B3, and C.[2]
Micronutrient deficiencies are associated with 10% of all children's deaths,[3] and are therefore of special concern to those involved with child welfare. Deficiencies of essential vitamins or minerals such as Vitamin A, iron, and zinc may be caused by long-term shortages of nutritious food or by infections such as intestinal worms.[4] They may also be caused or exacerbated when illnesses (such as diarrhoea or malaria) cause rapid loss of nutrients through feces or vomit.[5]
Plants[edit]
In plants a micronutrient deficiency (or trace mineral deficiency) is a physiological plant disorder which occurs when a micronutrient is deficient in the soil in which a plant grows. Micronutrients are distinguished from macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, calcium and magnesium) by the relatively low quantities needed by the plant.[6]
A number of elements are known to be needed in these small amounts for proper plant growth and development.[7] Nutrient deficiencies in these areas can adversely affect plant growth and development. Some of the best known trace mineral deficiencies include: zinc deficiency, boron deficiency, iron deficiency, and manganese deficiency.
List of essential trace minerals for plants[8][edit]
Boron is believed to be involved in carbohydrate transport in plants; it also assists in metabolic regulation. Boron deficiency will often result in bud dieback.
Chlorine is necessary for osmosis and ionic balance; it also plays a role in photosynthesis.
Copper is a component of some enzymes and of vitamin A. Symptoms of copper deficiency include browning of leaf tips and chlorosis.
Iron is essential for chlorophyll synthesis, which is why an iron deficiency results in chlorosis.
Manganese activates some important enzymes involved in chlorophyll formation. Manganese deficient plants will develop chlorosis between the veins of its leaves. The availability of manganese is partially dependent on soil pH.
Molybdenum is essential to plant health. Molybdenum is used by plants to reduce nitrates into usable forms. Some plants use it for nitrogen fixation, thus it may need to be added to some soils before seeding legumes.
Nickel is essential for activation of urease, an enzyme involved with nitrogen metabolism that is required to process urea.
Zinc participates in chlorophyll formation, and also activates many enzymes. Symptoms of zinc deficiency include chlorosis and stunted growth.
See also[edit]
Plant nutrition
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Young, E.M. (2012). Food and development. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. p. 38. ISBN 9781135999414.
Jump up ^ Tulchinsky, T.H. (2010). "Micronutrient deficiency conditions: global health issues". Public Health Reviews. 32: 243–255. Retrieved 10 April 2015.
Jump up ^ Nutrition in the first 1,000 days: State of the world's mothers 2012 (PDF). Westport, CT: Save the Children. 2012. p. 16. ISBN 1-888393-24-6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 May 2012. Retrieved 23 June 2016.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-23. Retrieved 2013-04-05. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
Jump up ^ The Development of Concepts of Malnutrition, Journal of Nutrition, 132:2117S-2122S, July 1, 2002.
Jump up ^ * Mortvedt, John J. (31 August 1999). "Chapter 2: Bioavailability of Micronutrients". In Malcolm E. Sumner. Handbook of Soil Science. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-3136-7.
Jump up ^ A Companion to Plant Physiology, Fourth Edition. Wade Berry, UCLA. Topic 5.1 Symptoms of Deficiency In Essential Minerals. Sinauer Publishing.
Jump up ^ Marschner, Petra, ed. (2012). Marschner's mineral nutrition of higher plants (3rd ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier/Academic Press. p. 191. ISBN 9780123849052.
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Plant nutrition / Fertilizer
Imbalances
Boron deficiency
Calcium deficiency
Iron deficiency
Magnesium deficiency
Manganese deficiency
Molybdenum deficiency
Nitrogen deficiency
Phosphorus deficiency
Potassium deficiency
Zinc deficiency
Micronutrient deficiency
Chlorosis
Fertilizer burn
Assimilation
Nitrogen assimilation
Phosphorus assimilation
Sulfur assimilation
Microbial assistance
Photorespiration
Methods
Fertigation
Fertilizer tree
Green manure
Hoagland solution
Hydroponic dosers
Living mulch
Nutrient budgeting
Nutrient management
Organic fertilizer
Plant tissue test
Miscellaneous
Soil fertility
Nutrient pollution
Soil pH
Agrobiology
Related concepts
Algal nutrient solutions
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List of Canada–United States border crossings
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This is a list of border crossings along the International Boundary between Canada and the United States. They are ordered from west to east (crossings with Alaska from north to south).
The Land ports of entry list is limited to places where CBSA and/or CBP now provide border inspection services. Crossings where border inspection services were once provided, but have since been barricaded are listed in the Closed Land Ports of Entry section. Unstaffed crossings are listed in the Unstaffed Road Crossings section. Separate sections are also provided for Rail Crossings and point-to-point Ferry Crossings.
Cars approaching Canada Customs at Douglas, British Columbia from Blaine, Washington
Contents
1 Land ports of entry
1.1 Yukon–Alaska
1.2 British Columbia–Alaska
1.3 British Columbia–Washington
1.4 British Columbia–Idaho
1.5 British Columbia–Montana
1.6 Alberta–Montana
1.7 Saskatchewan–Montana
1.8 Saskatchewan–North Dakota
1.9 Manitoba–North Dakota
1.10 Manitoba–Minnesota
1.11 Ontario–Minnesota
1.12 Ontario–Michigan
1.13 Ontario–New York
1.14 Quebec–New York
1.15 Quebec–Vermont
1.16 Quebec–New Hampshire
1.17 Quebec–Maine
1.18 New Brunswick–Maine
2 Closed land ports of entry
2.1 British Columbia–Washington
2.2 British Columbia–Montana
2.3 Alberta–Montana
2.4 Saskatchewan–Montana
2.5 Saskatchewan–North Dakota
2.6 Manitoba–North Dakota
2.7 Manitoba–Minnesota
2.8 Ontario–Minnesota
2.9 Ontario–New York
2.10 Quebec–New York
2.11 Quebec–Vermont
2.12 Quebec–Maine
2.13 New Brunswick–Maine
3 Unstaffed road crossings
3.1 British Columbia–Alaska
3.2 British Columbia–Washington
3.3 Alberta–Montana
3.4 Manitoba–Minnesota
3.5 Quebec–New York
4 Rail crossings
4.1 British Columbia–Alaska
4.2 British Columbia–Washington
4.3 British Columbia–Idaho
4.4 Alberta–Montana
4.5 Saskatchewan–North Dakota
4.6 Manitoba–North Dakota
4.7 Manitoba–Minnesota
4.8 Ontario–Minnesota
4.9 Ontario–Michigan
4.10 Ontario–New York
4.11 Quebec–New York
4.12 Quebec–Vermont
4.13 Quebec–Maine
4.14 New Brunswick–Maine
5 Ferry crossings
5.1 British Columbia–Alaska
5.2 British Columbia–Washington
5.3 Alberta–Montana
5.4 Ontario–Michigan
5.5 Ontario–Ohio
5.6 Ontario–New York
5.7 New Brunswick–Maine
5.8 Nova Scotia–Maine
6 Recent and proposed changes
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Land ports of entry[edit]
Port of entry hours of service for road crossings, except where noted, are open year-round during the day.
The yellow background indicates a border crossing where travel is permitted in only one direction.
The green background indicates a border crossing that is located at a bridge or a tunnel.
Canada
Port of Entry Name
Canada
Road / Highway [Community]
United States
Port of Entry Name
United States
Road / Highway [Community]
Notes
Structure or
Notable Feature
Coordinates
Yukon–Alaska[edit]
Little Gold Creek Hwy 9 (Top of the World Highway) Poker Creek Top of the World Highway Daytime-evening service seasonal May–September, depending on weather and road conditions (9:00 am–9:00 pm PT = 8:00 am–8:00 pm AKT). Canadian port of entry closed holidays. Northernmost and highest altitude (1258 m / 4127 ft) Canada-U.S. border crossing 64°5′8.02″N 141°0′3.92″W / 64.0855611°N 141.0010889°W / 64.0855611; -141.0010889
Beaver Creek Hwy 1 (Alaska Highway) Alcan AK-2 (Alaska Highway) 24-hour service year-round; Canadian port of entry (29 km from the border) closed holidays. Furthest Canadian inspection station from the actual border 62°36′54.78″N 141°0′4.87″W / 62.6152167°N 141.0013528°W / 62.6152167; -141.0013528
British Columbia–Alaska[edit]
Pleasant Camp Hwy 3 (Haines Highway) Dalton Cache AK-7 (Haines Highway) Daytime-evening service year-round (8:00 am–midnight PT = 7:00 am–11:00 pm AKT). 59°27′1.67″N 136°21′42.42″W / 59.4504639°N 136.3617833°W / 59.4504639; -136.3617833
Fraser Hwy 2 (Klondike Highway) Skagway AK-98 (Klondike Highway) Canadian port of entry (12 km north of border): 24-hour service April–October, daytime-evening service November–March (8:00 am–midnight PT). U.S. port of entry (8 mi south of border): 24-hour service year-round. Furthest American inspection station of all land borders of the United States from the actual border ; busiest border crossing of Alaska 59°37′45.69″N 135°9′50.15″W / 59.6293583°N 135.1639306°W / 59.6293583; -135.1639306
Stewart BC 37A (closed - was Hyder) International Street Canadian port of entry: Daytime-evening service year-round (8:00 am–midnight PT = 7:00 am–11:00 pm AKT), video telephone reporting after hours. U.S. border is unstaffed and open (station closed in the 1960s); roads connect only to Canada. Only American border crossing where someone may legally enter the United States without reporting for inspection since there is no American inspection station 55°54′43.28″N 130°1′2.86″W / 55.9120222°N 130.0174611°W / 55.9120222; -130.0174611
British Columbia–Washington[edit]
Boundary Bay 56th Street [Delta] Point Roberts Tyee Drive 24-hour service year-round. 49°0′7.17″N 123°4′5.66″W / 49.0019917°N 123.0682389°W / 49.0019917; -123.0682389
Douglas BC 99 [Surrey] Blaine - Peace Arch I‑5 24-hour service year-round. No commercial vehicles. Peace Arch Park 49°0′7.45″N 122°45′23.49″W / 49.0020694°N 122.7565250°W / 49.0020694; -122.7565250
Pacific Highway BC 15 [Surrey] Blaine - Pacific Highway SR 543 24-hour service year-round. Commercial vehicles must use this crossing between Surrey and Blaine. 49°0′7.74″N 122°44′7.58″W / 49.0021500°N 122.7354389°W / 49.0021500; -122.7354389
Aldergrove BC 13 Lynden SR 539 Daytime-evening service year-round (8:00 am–midnight). 49°0′8.14″N 122°29′6.37″W / 49.0022611°N 122.4851028°W / 49.0022611; -122.4851028
Abbotsford-Huntingdon BC 11 Sumas SR 9 24-hour service year-round. 49°0′8.65″N 122°15′55.25″W / 49.0024028°N 122.2653472°W / 49.0024028; -122.2653472
Chopaka Nighthawk Road [Cawston] Nighthawk Similkameen Road Daytime service year-round (9:00 am–5:00 pm). 49°0′0.76″N 119°40′15.74″W / 49.0002111°N 119.6710389°W / 49.0002111; -119.6710389
Osoyoos BC 97 Oroville US 97 24-hour service year-round. Canadian port of entry closed holidays. 49°0′0.36″N 119°27′45.72″W / 49.0001000°N 119.4627000°W / 49.0001000; -119.4627000
Midway Dominion Street Ferry Customs Road [Curlew] Daytime service year-round (9:00 am–5:00 pm). 49°0′0.36″N 118°45′39.96″W / 49.0001000°N 118.7611000°W / 49.0001000; -118.7611000
Carson BC 41 [Grand Forks] Danville SR 21 Daytime-evening service year-round (8:00 am–midnight). 49°0′0.36″N 118°30′11.85″W / 49.0001000°N 118.5032917°W / 49.0001000; -118.5032917
Cascade BC 395 [Christina Lake] Laurier US 395 Daytime-evening service year-round (8:00 am–midnight). 49°0′0.36″N 118°13′26.12″W / 49.0001000°N 118.2239222°W / 49.0001000; -118.2239222
Paterson BC 22 [Rossland] Frontier SR 25 [Northport] 24-hour service year-round. 49°0′1.80″N 117°49′54.12″W / 49.0005000°N 117.8317000°W / 49.0005000; -117.8317000
Waneta BC 22A [Montrose] Boundary Waneta Road [Northport] Daytime service year-round (9:00 am–5:00 pm). 49°0′2.52″N 117°37′30.36″W / 49.0007000°N 117.6251000°W / 49.0007000; -117.6251000
Nelway BC 6 [Salmo] Metaline Falls SR 31 Daytime-evening service year-round (8:00 am–midnight). 49°0′0.00″N 117°17′58.92″W / 49.0000000°N 117.2997000°W / 49.0000000; -117.2997000
British Columbia–Idaho[edit]
Rykerts BC 21 [Creston] Porthill SH-1 Daytime-evening service year-round (2nd Sunday March–1st Saturday Nov. (MST=PDT), 7:00 am–11:00 pm; rest of year, 8:00 am–midnight MST = 7:00 am–11:00 pm PST). 48°59′59.64″N 116°29′58.56″W / 48.9999000°N 116.4996000°W / 48.9999000; -116.4996000
Kingsgate BC 95 Eastport US-95 24-hour service year-round. Canadian port of entry closed holidays. 49°0′1.80″N 116°10′53.40″W / 49.0005000°N 116.1815000°W / 49.0005000; -116.1815000
British Columbia–Montana[edit]
Roosville BC 93 [Grasmere] Roosville US 93 [Eureka] 24-hour service year-round. 48°59′58.56″N 115°3′21.24″W / 48.9996000°N 115.0559000°W / 48.9996000; -115.0559000
Alberta–Montana[edit]
Chief Mountain Hwy 6 [Waterton Park] Chief Mountain MT 17 Daytime service seasonal (May 15–31, 9:00 am–6:00 pm; June 1–Labor Day, 7:00 am–10:00 pm; Day after Labor Day–September 30, 9:00 am–6:00 p.m; Oct. 1 – May 14, closed). Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, Chief Mountain Border Station and Quarters 48°59′58.92″N 113°39′38.88″W / 48.9997000°N 113.6608000°W / 48.9997000; -113.6608000
Carway Hwy 2 [Cardston] Piegan US 89 [Babb] Daytime-evening service year-round (7:00 am–11:00 pm). 48°59′53.16″N 113°22′44.40″W / 48.9981000°N 113.3790000°W / 48.9981000; -113.3790000
Del Bonita Hwy 62 Del Bonita S-213 [Cut Bank] Daytime service year-round (June 1 – September 15, 8:00 am–9:00 pm; Sept. 16 – May 31, 9:00 am–6:00 pm). 48°59′54.96″N 112°47′17.95″W / 48.9986000°N 112.7883194°W / 48.9986000; -112.7883194
Coutts Hwy 4 Sweetgrass I‑15 24-hour service year-round. 48°59′54.24″N 111°57′37.44″W / 48.9984000°N 111.9604000°W / 48.9984000; -111.9604000
Aden Hwy 880 Whitlash S-409 Daytime service year-round (9:00 am–5:00 pm). 48°59′50.28″N 111°15′31.27″W / 48.9973000°N 111.2586861°W / 48.9973000; -111.2586861
Wild Horse Hwy 41 Wild Horse S-232 [Havre] Daytime service year-round. (May 15 – September 30, 8:00 am–9:00 pm; Oct. 1 – May 14, 8:00 am–5:00 pm). 48°59′57.48″N 110°12′55.08″W / 48.9993000°N 110.2153000°W / 48.9993000; -110.2153000
Saskatchewan–Montana[edit]
Willow Creek Hwy 21 [Consul] Willow Creek S-233 Daytime service year-round (2nd Sunday March–1st Saturday Nov. (CST=MDT), 9:00 am–5:00 pm; rest of year, 10:00 am–6:00 pm CST = 9:00 am–5:00 pm MST). 49°0′0.00″N 109°43′53.76″W / 49.0000000°N 109.7316000°W / 49.0000000; -109.7316000
Climax Hwy 37 Turner S-241 Daytime service year-round (June 1 – Sep 15 (CST=MDT), 8:00 am–9:00 pm; Sept. 16 – May 31 Canada matches U.S. 9:00 am–6:00 pm MT). 48°59′58.20″N 108°23′21.12″W / 48.9995000°N 108.3892000°W / 48.9995000; -108.3892000
Monchy Hwy 4 [Climax] Morgan US 191 [Loring] Daytime service year-round (June 1 – Sep 15 (CST=MDT), 8:00 am–9:00 pm; Sept. 16 – May 31 Canada matches U.S. 9:00 am–6:00 pm MT). 48°59′59.28″N 107°49′54.84″W / 48.9998000°N 107.8319000°W / 48.9998000; -107.8319000
West Poplar River Hwy 2 [Rockglen] Opheim MT 24 Daytime service year-round (June 1 – Sep 15 (CST=MDT), 8:00 am–9:00 pm; Sept. 16 – May 31 Canada matches U.S. 9:00 am–6:00 pm MT). 48°59′58.2″N 106°22′40.44″W / 48.999500°N 106.3779000°W / 48.999500; -106.3779000
Coronach Hwy 36 Scobey MT 13 Daytime service year-round (June 1 – Sep 15 (CST=MDT), 8:00 am–9:00 pm; Sept. 16 – May 31 Canada matches U.S. 9:00 am–6:00 pm MT). In 1996, became the world's first fully automated port of entry 48°59′58.20″N 105°24′28.08″W / 48.9995000°N 105.4078000°W / 48.9995000; -105.4078000
Regway Hwy 6 Raymond MT 16 24-hour service year-round. 48°59′57.12″N 104°34′28.46″W / 48.9992000°N 104.5745722°W / 48.9992000; -104.5745722
Saskatchewan–North Dakota[edit]
Oungre Hwy 35 Fortuna US 85 Daytime-evening service year-round (2nd Sunday March–1st Saturday Nov. 8:00 am–9:00 pm CST = 9:00 am–10:00 pm CDT; rest of year, 9:00 am–10:00 pm). 48°59′58.56″N 103°48′34.18″W / 48.9996000°N 103.8094944°W / 48.9996000; -103.8094944
Torquay Hwy 350 Ambrose ND 42 Daytime service year-round (2nd Sunday March–1st Saturday Nov. 8:00 am–4:00 pm CST = 9:00 am–5:00 pm CDT; rest of year, 9:00 am–5:00 pm). 48°59′57.48″N 103°29′12.48″W / 48.9993000°N 103.4868000°W / 48.9993000; -103.4868000
Estevan Highway Hwy 47 Noonan ND 40 Daytime-evening service year-round (2nd Sunday March–1st Saturday Nov. 8:00 am–9:00 pm CST = 9:00 am–10:00 pm CDT; rest of year, 9:00 am–10:00 pm). 48°59′57.48″N 103°0′17.20″W / 48.9993000°N 103.0047778°W / 48.9993000; -103.0047778
North Portal Hwy 39 Portal US 52 24-hour service year-round. 48°59′56.04″N 102°33′10.08″W / 48.9989000°N 102.5528000°W / 48.9989000; -102.5528000
Northgate Hwy 9 Northgate ND 8 [Flaxton] Daytime-evening service year-round (2nd Sunday March–1st Saturday Nov. 8:00 am–9:00 pm CST = 9:00 am–10:00 pm CDT; rest of year, 9:00 am–10:00 pm). 48°59′56.04″N 102°16′30.36″W / 48.9989000°N 102.2751000°W / 48.9989000; -102.2751000
Carievale Hwy 8 Sherwood ND 28 Daytime-evening service year-round (2nd Sunday March–1st Saturday Nov. 8:00 am–9:00 pm CST = 9:00 am–10:00 pm CDT; rest of year, 9:00 am–10:00 pm). 48°59′57.48″N 101°37′40.51″W / 48.9993000°N 101.6279194°W / 48.9993000; -101.6279194
Manitoba–North Dakota[edit]
Lyleton PR 256 Pierson Antler ND 256 Daytime-evening service year-round (9:00 am–10:00 pm). 48°59′58.56″N 101°17′45.96″W / 48.9996000°N 101.2961000°W / 48.9996000; -101.2961000
Coulter PTH 83 [Melita] Westhope US 83 Daytime-evening service year-round (8:00 am–9:00 pm). 48°59′58.56″N 101°1′4.80″W / 48.9996000°N 101.0180000°W / 48.9996000; -101.0180000
Goodlands PTH 21 [Deloraine] Carbury ND 14 [Souris] Daytime-evening service year-round (9:00 am–10:00 pm). 48°59′57.84″N 100°33′20.11″W / 48.9994000°N 100.5555861°W / 48.9994000; -100.5555861
Boissevain PTH 10 Dunseith US 281 24-hour service year-round. International Peace Garden 48°59′57.48″N 100°3′8.28″W / 48.9993000°N 100.0523000°W / 48.9993000; -100.0523000
Lena PTH 18 [Killarney] Saint John ND 30 Daytime-evening service year-round (8:00 am–9:00 pm). 48°59′57.84″N 99°39′32.15″W / 48.9994000°N 99.6589306°W / 48.9994000; -99.6589306
Cartwright PTH 5 Hansboro ND 4 Daytime-evening service year-round (8:00 am–9:00 pm). 48°59′58.92″N 99°20′48.84″W / 48.9997000°N 99.3469000°W / 48.9997000; -99.3469000
Crystal City PTH 34 Sarles ND 20 Daytime-evening service year-round (9:00 am–10:00 pm). 49°0′0″N 98°56′15.79″W / 49.00000°N 98.9377194°W / 49.00000; -98.9377194
Snowflake PR 242 Hannah 91st Ave. NE Daytime-evening service year-round (9:00 am–10:00 pm). 49°0′0.72″N 98°41′39.48″W / 49.0002000°N 98.6943000°W / 49.0002000; -98.6943000
Windygates PTH 31 [Darlingford] Maida ND 1 [Langdon] Daytime-evening service year-round (9:00 am–10:00 pm). 49°0′1.08″N 98°21′53.64″W / 49.0003000°N 98.3649000°W / 49.0003000; -98.3649000
Winkler PTH 32 Walhalla ND 32 Daytime-evening service year-round (8:00 am–10:00 pm). 49°0′1.80″N 97°54′30.96″W / 49.0005000°N 97.9086000°W / 49.0005000; -97.9086000
Gretna PTH 30 Neche ND 18 Daytime-evening service year-round (8:00 am–10:00 pm). 49°0′1.80″N 97°33′25.20″W / 49.0005000°N 97.5570000°W / 49.0005000; -97.5570000
Emerson PTH 75 Pembina I-29 / US 81 24-hour service year-round.
Formerly known as "West Lynne", the Canadian side of this busy crossing was renamed "Emerson" when Emerson East closed in 2003.
49°0′1.80″N 97°14′15.72″W / 49.0005000°N 97.2377000°W / 49.0005000; -97.2377000
Manitoba–Minnesota[edit]
Tolstoi PTH 59 Lancaster US 59 Daytime service year-round (Canadian port of entry 8 am–10pm; U.S. port of entry Victoria Day-Labor Day 8 am–8 pm, rest of year 8 am–6pm).[1] 49°0′0.72″N 96°48′5.40″W / 49.0002000°N 96.8015000°W / 49.0002000; -96.8015000
Piney PTH 89 Pinecreek MN 89 Daytime service year-round (Canadian port of entry 9:00 am–10:00 pm; U.S. port of entry 9:00 am–5:00 pm). 48°59′59.64″N 95°58′41.52″W / 48.9999000°N 95.9782000°W / 48.9999000; -95.9782000
South Junction PR 310 Roseau MN 310 Daytime-evening service year-round (Canadian port of entry 8 am–10 pm; U.S. port of entry 8 am–8 pm).[1] 48°59′58.56″N 95°45′59.40″W / 48.9996000°N 95.7665000°W / 48.9996000; -95.7665000
Sprague PTH 12 Warroad MN 313 24-hour service year-round. 48°59′56.40″N 95°22′34.32″W / 48.9990000°N 95.3762000°W / 48.9990000; -95.3762000
Ontario–Minnesota[edit]
Rainy River Highway 11 Baudette MN 72 24-hour service year-round. Baudette – Rainy River International Bridge 48°43′8.94″N 94°35′25.25″W / 48.7191500°N 94.5903472°W / 48.7191500; -94.5903472
Fort Frances Highway 71 International Falls US 53 / US 71 24-hour service year-round. Fort Frances–International Falls International Bridge 48°36′26.69″N 93°24′6.42″W / 48.6074139°N 93.4017833°W / 48.6074139; -93.4017833
Pigeon River Highway 61 [Neebing] Grand Portage MN 61 24-hour service year-round. Pigeon River Bridge 48°0′5.1″N 89°35′6.61″W / 48.001417°N 89.5851694°W / 48.001417; -89.5851694
Ontario–Michigan[edit]
Sault Ste. Marie Huron Street Sault Ste. Marie I-75 24-hour service year-round. Sault Ste. Marie International Bridge 46°30′30.24″N 84°21′38.58″W / 46.5084000°N 84.3607167°W / 46.5084000; -84.3607167
Sarnia (Blue Water Bridge) Highway 402 [Point Edward] Port Huron - Blue Water Bridge I-69 / I-94 24-hour service year-round. Blue Water Bridge 42°59′55.3″N 82°25′24.44″W / 42.998694°N 82.4234556°W / 42.998694; -82.4234556
Windsor-Detroit Tunnel Ouellette Avenue / Goyeau Street [Windsor] Detroit-Windsor Tunnel Jefferson Avenue / M-10 / M-3 / I-375 24-hour service year-round. Detroit–Windsor Tunnel 42°19′25.96″N 83°2′25.04″W / 42.3238778°N 83.0402889°W / 42.3238778; -83.0402889
Windsor - Ambassador Bridge Highway 3 [Windsor] Detroit - Ambassador Bridge I-75 / I-96 24-hour service year-round. Ambassador Bridge
Southernmost road crossing and busiest commercial crossing
42°18′42.47″N 83°4′26.39″W / 42.3117972°N 83.0739972°W / 42.3117972; -83.0739972
Ontario–New York[edit]
Fort Erie - Peace Bridge QEW Buffalo - Peace Bridge I-190 / Baird Drive 24-hour service year-round. Peace Bridge
Busiest passenger vehicle crossing[2]
42°54′25.06″N 78°54′21.45″W / 42.9069611°N 78.9059583°W / 42.9069611; -78.9059583
Niagara Falls Rainbow Bridge Highway 420 / Falls Avenue Niagara Falls - Rainbow Bridge NY 384 / NY 104 / US 62 No commercial trucks. 24-hour service year-round. Rainbow Bridge 43°5′24.62″N 79°4′3.69″W / 43.0901722°N 79.0676917°W / 43.0901722; -79.0676917
Niagara Falls Whirlpool Bridge River Road Niagara Falls - Whirlpool Bridge Whirlpool Street NEXUS use only. Daytime-evening service year-round (7:00 am–11:00 pm). Whirlpool Rapids Bridge 43°6′33.27″N 79°3′30″W / 43.1092417°N 79.05833°W / 43.1092417; -79.05833
Queenston - Lewiston–Queenston Bridge Highway 405 [Niagara-on-the-Lake] Lewiston - Lewiston–Queenston Bridge I-190 / NY 104 24-hour service year-round. Lewiston–Queenston Bridge 43°9′10.77″N 79°2′40.12″W / 43.1529917°N 79.0444778°W / 43.1529917; -79.0444778
Lansdowne Highway 137 [Hill Island] Alexandria Bay I-81 24-hour service year-round. Thousand Islands Bridge 44°20′50.18″N 75°59′0.34″W / 44.3472722°N 75.9834278°W / 44.3472722; -75.9834278
Prescott Highway 16 [Johnstown] Ogdensburg NY 812 24-hour service year-round. Ogdensburg–Prescott International Bridge 44°43′59.33″N 75°27′27.88″W / 44.7331472°N 75.4577444°W / 44.7331472; -75.4577444
Cornwall Akwesasne International Road [Kawehnoke (Cornwall Island), Akwesasne Reserve 59] / Brookdale Avenue [Cornwall] Massena NY 37 [Rooseveltown] 24-hour service year-round. Canadian port of entry ("interim") at the north end of the new (low) north channel bridge. Travellers from the U.S. to Cornwall Island first cross the island to the Canadian port of entry. Seaway International Bridge, Three Nations Crossing 44°59′26.37″N 74°44′22.26″W / 44.9906583°N 74.7395167°W / 44.9906583; -74.7395167
Quebec–New York[edit]
Dundee Route 132 Fort Covington Water Street 24-hour service year-round. 44°59′52.92″N 74°30′27.94″W / 44.9980333°N 74.5077611°W / 44.9980333; -74.5077611
Trout River Route 138 [Athelstan] Trout River NY 30 [Constable] 24-hour service year-round. 44°59′31.38″N 74°18′29.43″W / 44.9920500°N 74.3081750°W / 44.9920500; -74.3081750
Herdman Route 202 [Hinchinbrooke] Chateaugay NY 374 (River Street) 24-hour service year-round. 44°59′37.13″N 74°5′8.67″W / 44.9936472°N 74.0857417°W / 44.9936472; -74.0857417
(closed – was Franklin Centre) Route 209 Churubusco NY 189 Canadian port of entry closed. U.S. port of entry open 8:00 am–4:00 pm. Persons are not permitted to enter Canada at this location. 44°59′56.41″N 73°56′20.57″W / 44.9990028°N 73.9390472°W / 44.9990028; -73.9390472
Covey Hill Route 203 [Havelock] Cannon Corners Cannon Corners Road [Mooers Forks] Daytime service year-round (8:00 am–4:00 pm; Canadian port of entry open until midnight May–October). 45°0′11.32″N 73°45′22.90″W / 45.0031444°N 73.7563611°W / 45.0031444; -73.7563611
Hemmingford Route 219 Mooers NY 22 (Hemmingford Road) 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′16.07″N 73°36′10.88″W / 45.0044639°N 73.6030222°W / 45.0044639; -73.6030222
St-Bernard-de-Lacolle: Highway 15 A-15 Champlain I-87 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′31.83″N 73°27′8.26″W / 45.0088417°N 73.4522944°W / 45.0088417; -73.4522944
Lacolle: Route 221 Route 221 Overton Corners NY 276 [Champlain] 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′35.7″N 73°24′0.63″W / 45.009917°N 73.4001750°W / 45.009917; -73.4001750
Lacolle: Route 223 Route 223 Rouses Point US 11 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′37.33″N 73°22′15.21″W / 45.0103694°N 73.3708917°W / 45.0103694; -73.3708917
Quebec–Vermont[edit]
Noyan Route 225 Alburg VT 225 [Alburgh] 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′41.69″N 73°17′47.54″W / 45.0115806°N 73.2965389°W / 45.0115806; -73.2965389
Clarenceville Chemin Beech Sud Alburg Springs Alburg Springs Road [Alburgh] Daytime-evening service year-round (8:00 am–midnight). 45°0′46.92″N 73°12′44.27″W / 45.0130333°N 73.2122972°W / 45.0130333; -73.2122972
St–Armand / Phillipsburg Route 133 Highgate Springs I‑89 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′55.55″N 73°5′5.17″W / 45.0154306°N 73.0847694°W / 45.0154306; -73.0847694
Morses Line Route 235 [St-Armand] Morses Line VT 235 Daytime service year-round (Canada staffed 8:00 am–4:00 pm; U.S. 8:00 am–midnight). Canadian port has Remote Traveller Processing all other hours, only open to citizens and permanent residents of Canada and the U.S.[3] 45°0′51.45″N 72°58′42.59″W / 45.0142917°N 72.9784972°W / 45.0142917; -72.9784972
Frelighsburg Route 237 West Berkshire VT 108 [Berkshire] 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′58.67″N 72°49′31.13″W / 45.0162972°N 72.8253139°W / 45.0162972; -72.8253139
East Pinnacle Chemin de Richford Pinnacle Road Pinnacle Road [Richford] Canada daytime service year-round (8:00 am–4:00 pm); U.S. 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′56.03″N 72°42′00.15″W / 45.0155639°N 72.7000417°W / 45.0155639; -72.7000417
Abercorn Route 139 Richford VT 139 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′54.00″N 72°39′45.51″W / 45.0150000°N 72.6626417°W / 45.0150000; -72.6626417
Glen Sutton Chemin de la Vallée-Missisquoi [Sutton] East Richford VT 105A [Richford] Canada daytime service year-round (8:00 am–4:00 pm); U.S. 24-hour service year-round. Missisquoi River Bridge 45°0′42.79″N 72°35′19.13″W / 45.0118861°N 72.5886472°W / 45.0118861; -72.5886472
Highwater Route 243 North Troy VT 243 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′26.12″N 72°24′57.25″W / 45.0072556°N 72.4159028°W / 45.0072556; -72.4159028
Stanstead (Beebe) Route 247 Beebe Plain Beebe Road [Derby] 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′20.93″N 72°08′31.16″W / 45.0058139°N 72.1419889°W / 45.0058139; -72.1419889
Stanstead (Rte 143) Route 143 Derby Line - Rte 5 US 5 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′20.64″N 72°05′57.56″W / 45.0057333°N 72.0993222°W / 45.0057333; -72.0993222
Stanstead (55) A-55 Derby Line I‑91 24-hour service year-round.
Canadian port of entry formerly named Rock Island.
45°0′21.11″N 72°05′17.46″W / 45.0058639°N 72.0881833°W / 45.0058639; -72.0881833
Stanhope Route 147 Norton VT 147 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′38.46″N 71°47′35.88″W / 45.0106833°N 71.7933000°W / 45.0106833; -71.7933000
Hereford Road Route 141 Canaan VT 141 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′45.47″N 71°33′36.80″W / 45.0126306°N 71.5602222°W / 45.0126306; -71.5602222
East Hereford Route 253 Beecher Falls VT 253 24-hour service year-round. 45°0′48.21″N 71°30′19.11″W / 45.0133917°N 71.5053083°W / 45.0133917; -71.5053083
Quebec–New Hampshire[edit]
Chartierville Route 257 Pittsburg US 3 Canada daytime-evening service year-round (8:00 am–midnight); U.S. 24-hour service year-round. 45°15′09.80″N 71°12′15.20″W / 45.2527222°N 71.2042222°W / 45.2527222; -71.2042222
Quebec–Maine[edit]
Woburn Route 161 Coburn Gore SR 27 24-hour service year-round. 45°22′43.01″N 70°48′28.96″W / 45.3786139°N 70.8080444°W / 45.3786139; -70.8080444
Armstrong Route 173 Jackman US 201 / SR 6 24-hour service year-round. 45°48′20.26″N 70°23′48.24″W / 45.8056278°N 70.3967333°W / 45.8056278; -70.3967333
St-Zacharie Route de la Frontière St. Zacharie Golden Road (private-North Maine Woods) Canadian port of entry open only for Pilot Project for Travellers in Remote Areas - Quebec (PPTRA-Q)[4] permit holders, during U.S. port hours. U.S. port of entry daytime service year-round (6:00 am–8:00 pm Monday–Thursday & 6:00 am–4:00 pm Friday). 46°05′34.29″N 70°17′25.68″W / 46.0928583°N 70.2904667°W / 46.0928583; -70.2904667
Ste-Aurélie Route 277 Ste. Aurelie St. Aurelie Road (private-North Maine Woods) Daytime service year-round (Canadian port of entry: 9:00 am–5:00 pm Monday–Friday with additional hours for PPTRA-Q permits; U.S. port of entry 6:00 am–9:00 pm Monday–Thursday & 6:00 am–4:00 pm Friday). 46°12′27.02″N 70°16′34.31″W / 46.2075056°N 70.2761972°W / 46.2075056; -70.2761972
St-Just-de-Bretenières Rue des Moulins St. Juste St. Juste Road / Stetson Road (private-North Maine Woods) Daytime service year-round (Canadian port of entry: 9:00 am–5:00 pm Monday–Friday with additional hours for PPTRA-Q permits; U.S. port of entry 6:00 am–9:00 pm Monday–Thursday & 6:00 am–4:00 pm Friday). 46°32′44.60″N 70°01′44.66″W / 46.5457222°N 70.0290722°W / 46.5457222; -70.0290722
St-Pamphile Route Elgin Sud St. Pamphile Blanchette / Maibec Road (private-North Maine Woods) Daytime service year-round (Canadian port of entry 9:00 am–5:00 pm Monday–Friday with additional hours for PPTRA-Q permits; U.S. port of entry 6:00 am–9:00 pm Monday & Thursday, 6:00 am–8:00 pm Tuesday & Wednesday & Friday, 8:00 am–4:00 pm Saturday). 46°56′33.06″N 69°45′01.39″W / 46.9425167°N 69.7503861°W / 46.9425167; -69.7503861
Pohenegamook Rue de la Frontière Estcourt Frontier Road (public) / Estcourt Road (private-North Maine Woods) Canadian port of entry at town: daytime service year-round (9:00 am–5:00 pm Monday–Friday) with additional hours for PPTRA-Q permits. U.S. port of entry at road to Maine interior, 0.85 km / 0.53 mi southwest of Canadian port of entry, open 8:00 am–4:00 pm Saturdays only. 47°27′22.46″N 69°13′41.38″W / 47.4562389°N 69.2281611°W / 47.4562389; -69.2281611
47°26′59.31″N 69°14′5.20″W / 47.4498083°N 69.2347778°W / 47.4498083; -69.2347778
New Brunswick–Maine[edit]
Clair Route 205 Fort Kent US 1 24-hour service year-round. Clair – Fort Kent Bridge 47°14′57.3″N 68°36′13.6″W / 47.249250°N 68.603778°W / 47.249250; -68.603778
Edmundston Route 120 Madawaska Bridge Street 24-hour service year-round. Edmundston–Madawaska Bridge 47°21′36.5″N 68°19′43.3″W / 47.360139°N 68.328694°W / 47.360139; -68.328694
St. Leonard Bridge Street/Rue du Pont Van Buren Bridge Street 24-hour service year-round. St. Leonard – Van Buren Bridge 47°09′34.92″N 67°55′51.24″W / 47.1597000°N 67.9309000°W / 47.1597000; -67.9309000
Grand Falls Route 218 Hamlin Boundaryline Road Daytime-evening service year-round (8:00 am–midnight AT = 7:00 am–11:00 pm ET). 47°03′37.95″N 67°47′24.57″W / 47.0605417°N 67.7901583°W / 47.0605417; -67.7901583
Gillespie Portage Route 375 Limestone SR 229 24-hour service year-round. 46°55′28.45″N 67°47′24.57″W / 46.9245694°N 67.7901583°W / 46.9245694; -67.7901583
Four Falls Brown Road (closed – was East Road) Russell Road U.S. port of entry closed. Canadian port of entry open 9:00 am–11:30 pm AT, from 3rd Monday in April to 2nd Sunday in October. Persons are not permitted to enter the U.S. at this location. 46°49′24.21″N 67°47′22.65″W / 46.8233917°N 67.7896250°W / 46.8233917; -67.7896250
Andover Route 190 [Perth-Andover] Fort Fairfield SR 167 24-hour service year-round. 46°45′55.18″N 67°47′21.84″W / 46.7653278°N 67.7894000°W / 46.7653278; -67.7894000
River de Chute Smugglers Road Easton Ladner Road Daytime service year-round (9:00 am–5:00 pm AT = 8:00 am–4:00 pm ET). 46°36′01.14″N 67°47′17.79″W / 46.6003167°N 67.7882750°W / 46.6003167; -67.7882750
Centreville Route 110 Bridgewater Boundary Line Road 24-hour service year-round. 46°27′01.28″N 67°47′05.18″W / 46.4503556°N 67.7847722°W / 46.4503556; -67.7847722
Bloomfield Line Road Monticello Fletcher Road Daytime service year-round (9:00 am–5:00 pm AT = 8:00 am–4:00 pm ET Monday–Saturday). Canadian port of entry also open Sunday June–October. 46°19′03.33″N 67°46′58.14″W / 46.3175917°N 67.7828167°W / 46.3175917; -67.7828167
Woodstock Road Route 95 Houlton I‑95 24-hour service year-round. 46°08′06.74″N 67°46′52.76″W / 46.1352056°N 67.7813222°W / 46.1352056; -67.7813222
Fosterville Route 122 Orient Boundary Road Daytime service year-round (mid May–end November: 8:00 am–midnight AT = 7:00 am–11:00 pm ET; December–mid May Canada 9:00 am–5:00 pm AT Sunday–Friday & 8:00 am–midnight AT Saturday, U.S. 7:00 am–5:00 pm ET). Boundary Bridge 45°49′00.30″N 67°46′51.21″W / 45.8167500°N 67.7808917°W / 45.8167500; -67.7808917
Forest City Forest City Road Forest City Forest City Road Daytime service year-round (9:00 am–5:00 pm AT = 8:00 am–4:00 pm ET; U.S. port of entry closed Sundays in winter). Forest City Bridge 45°39′46.87″N 67°43′42.01″W / 45.6630194°N 67.7283361°W / 45.6630194; -67.7283361
St. Croix Route 4 Vanceboro SR 6 24-hour service year-round. Saint Croix – Vanceboro Bridge 45°34′07.58″N 67°25′42.86″W / 45.5687722°N 67.4285722°W / 45.5687722; -67.4285722
St. Stephen (3rd Bridge) St. Stephen Drive Calais - International Ave International Avenue 24-hour service year-round. Commercial vehicles must use this crossing between St. Stephen and Calais. International Avenue Bridge 45°09′39.76″N 67°18′09.79″W / 45.1610444°N 67.3027194°W / 45.1610444; -67.3027194
Milltown Milltown Boulevard [St. Stephen] Calais - Milltown Bridge North Street Extension 07:00-23:00 AST (closed over nights). Milltown International Bridge 45°10′11.88″N 67°17′48.39″W / 45.1699667°N 67.2967750°W / 45.1699667; -67.2967750
St. Stephen (Ferry Point Bridge) Milltown Boulevard / Route 170 Calais - Ferry Point Main Street 24-hour service year-round. No commercial vehicles. Ferry Point International Bridge 45°11′30.0″N 67°17′0.2″W / 45.191667°N 67.283389°W / 45.191667; -67.283389
Campobello Route 774 Lubec SR 189 24-hour service year-round. Canadian port of entry closed holidays. Franklin Delano Roosevelt Bridge 44°51′33.8″N 66°58′48.8″W / 44.859389°N 66.980222°W / 44.859389; -66.980222
Closed land ports of entry[edit]
Closed border station in Listerville, New Brunswick
This list includes only those crossings known to have had Customs or Immigration services at the border. They are listed in order from west to east. Other unattended roads are listed in the Unstaffed Road Crossings section.
Canada
Port of Entry
Canada
Road/ Highway
United States
Port of Entry
United States
Road/ Highway
Notes
Photo
Coordinates
British Columbia–Washington[edit]
Boundary Bay 67 Street Point Roberts Meadow Lane Old border crossing used to be located on the east end of the peninsula. Crossing was permanently closed in 1975 when the Tyee Road border crossing was expanded.[5] The former Canada border station remains and has been refurbished. 49°0′7.20″N 123°2′16.80″W / 49.0020000°N 123.0380000°W / 49.0020000; -123.0380000
Chopaka West Chopaka Road Nighthawk West Chopaka Road Canada periodically provided border services at the crossing on Chopaka Road until the US barricaded the road in 1964. It still owns the property at the border. The US never had border inspection services at this crossing.[6] A branch of the Great Northern Railway also once crossed the border at this location, but was abandoned in the late 1930s. 49°0′0.36″N 119°43′33.24″W / 49.0001000°N 119.7259000°W / 49.0001000; -119.7259000
Bridesville Old Molson Road Molson Old Railroad Road Molson died a slow death as its mining and farming businesses dried up in the 1920s.[7] Molson's designation as a port of entry was revoked in 1941,[8] and the Customs and Immigration station in the town closed. This building still stands as part of the Molson Museums, showing elements of what is now a ghost town. 49°0′0.72″N 119°10′45.84″W / 49.0002000°N 119.1794000°W / 49.0002000; -119.1794000
Myncaster Myncaster Road Chesaw Bolster Road Canada port of entry was maintained to support both road and rail traffic, however, traffic on Bolster Road was light and the railroad ceased operations in 1937. The port of entry closed around 1955, but opened again for one day on June 9, 1990.[9] 49°0′0.00″N 119°1′18.12″W / 49.0000000°N 119.0217000°W / 49.0000000; -119.0217000
British Columbia–Montana[edit]
Flathead Flathead Rd Trailcreek North Fork Rd Border crossing adjacent to the Flathead River closed in 1996 due to flooding of the road just north of the border.[10] The road is gated at the border. Both the US and Canada border stations remain but are falling into disrepair. 49°0′3.96″N 114°28′42.24″W / 49.0011000°N 114.4784000°W / 49.0011000; -114.4784000
Alberta–Montana[edit]
Whiskey Gap Emigrant Gap Road Emigrant Gap Emigrant Gap Road Opened in 1934 and closed in 1939 when the Del Bonita Road opened. It was once a favorite place to bring alcohol into the US during prohibition.[11] 48°59′54.60″N 113°5′46.68″W / 48.9985000°N 113.0963000°W / 48.9985000; -113.0963000
Pinhorn Township Road 12 Laird Laird Road Canadian port of entry closed in 1929 and moved to Aden.[11] 48°59′52.44″N 110°59′25.08″W / 48.9979000°N 110.9903000°W / 48.9979000; -110.9903000
Saskatchewan–Montana[edit]
Big Beaver Hwy 34 Whitetail MT 511 Canadian port of entry permanently closed on April 1, 2011, and the U.S. port of entry closed on January 26, 2013.[12] 48°59′57.84″N 105°9′44.64″W / 48.9994000°N 105.1624000°W / 48.9994000; -105.1624000
Beaubier Saskatchewan Highway 707 Westby North Westby Road The port of Westby, Montana was established in 1919, and was revoked by Executive Order 9382 on September 23, 1943. Shortly before being designated a port of entry, the town of Westby moved a short distance from North Dakota into Montana to be closer to a new rail spur, and to be in a state that permitted the sale of alcohol. 48°59′59.9″N 104°04′41.4″W / 48.999972°N 104.078167°W / 48.999972; -104.078167
Saskatchewan–North Dakota[edit]
Northgate Hwy 9 Northgate ND 8 US and Canadian Ports of Entry were abandoned when the highway was rebuilt about a half mile west of town in the early 1980s. Both buildings remain, and the border community is a virtual ghost town.[13] 48°59′55.68″N 102°15′58.32″W / 48.9988000°N 102.2662000°W / 48.9988000; -102.2662000
Manitoba–North Dakota[edit]
West Lynne (Emerson) 5th Street Pembina US 81 This crossing on the Meridian Highway, whose other end was at the Mexico–United States border in Laredo, Texas, was moderately trafficked through the 1950s, but it was closed in the mid-1960s a few years after Interstate 29 and Manitoba Highway 29 were built immediately to the west. The Canadian and US border stations were demolished, but the concrete slabs on which they stood remain.[14] 49°0′1.44″N 97°14′6.36″W / 49.0004000°N 97.2351000°W / 49.0004000; -97.2351000
Manitoba–Minnesota[edit]
Emerson East PTH 75 Noyes US 75 Throughout the early 20th century, this was among the busiest U.S.-Canada border crossings. It was the point at which the Jefferson Highway intersected the international boundary and for a few years was adorned with an elaborate archway. Traffic waned with the 1957 opening of Interstate 29 two miles to the west. The crossing was closed by Canada in 2003 (where traffic was permitted southbound only) and then by the U.S. in 2006. All road traffic must now use the Pembina–Emerson Border Crossing. 49°0′0.00″N 97°12′26.28″W / 49.0000000°N 97.2073000°W / 49.0000000; -97.2073000
Ontario–Minnesota[edit]
Pigeon River Old Border Rd (formerly Ontario Highway 61) Pigeon River County Route 89 (formerly MN 1 and US 61) Formerly called Sextus City. Bridge was built in 1917 and closed in 1961, when a new bridge and border station were built in Grand Portage, Minnesota about 6 miles to the east. The old bridge, store, hotel and both border stations have all been destroyed. Outlaw Bridge 48°0′37.44″N 89°42′29.88″W / 48.0104000°N 89.7083000°W / 48.0104000; -89.7083000
Ontario–New York[edit]
Niagara Falls River Road Niagara Falls Niagara Street The Honeymoon Bridge collapsed on January 27, 1938 after an ice jam undermined the structure. A new bridge called the Rainbow Bridge was built just to the north and new border inspection facilities were built on both sides. Honeymoon Bridge 43°5′20.4″N 79°4′8.4″W / 43.089000°N 79.069000°W / 43.089000; -79.069000
Queenston Niagara Regional Road 81 Lewiston Robert Moses State Parkway The Queenston-Lewiston suspension bridge was replaced by the transverse-named Lewiston–Queenston Bridge in 1962, which was built about 0.7 miles (1.1 km) to the south. The bridge had a single line trolley track of the Niagara Gorge Railroad in the center of 3 lanes. The US inspection area has been transformed into the Earl W. Brydges Artpark State Park. Queenston-Lewiston Bridge
Cornwall Highway 138 Massena NY 37 The Canadian port of entry on Cornwall Island was closed June 1, 2009, due to a disagreement between the Mohawk Nation of Akwesasne and the Canada Border Services Agency regarding the arming of border services officers. A temporary port of entry was opened July 13, 2009, at the north end of the Seaway International Bridge north (high) span; it was used until the current "interim" port of entry was opened January 24, 2014. The old border station on Cornwall Island was demolished in July 2015. Seaway International Bridge north (high) span closed January 24, 2014; to be demolished. 44°59′26.37″N 74°44′22.26″W / 44.9906583°N 74.7395167°W / 44.9906583; -74.7395167
Quebec–New York[edit]
Jamieson's Line Chemin Jamieson Jamieson Line County Road 29 The Canadian port of entry was permanently closed on April 1, 2011. For three years, this was a one-way crossing, with travelers able to enter the U.S. but not Canada at this location. Finally, the U.S. port of entry closed August 21, 2014. 44°59′30.26″N 74°10′28.78″W / 44.9917389°N 74.1746611°W / 44.9917389; -74.1746611
Franklin Chemin Rennie Chateaugay Earlville Road The Canadian port of entry had been located 1.4 km north of the border at the corner of 1st Concession Road, but had not been staffed since the early 1960s. This crossing was among the last unattended crossings to be barricaded, in the late 1980s. The US never had border services on this road, but the Churubusco Customs office used to be located in town rather than at the border, shortening the trip to report. 44°59′42.00″N 74°2′49.92″W / 44.9950000°N 74.0472000°W / 44.9950000; -74.0472000
Saint-Bernard-de-Lacolle, Quebec Rang Roxham Mooers Roxham Road The Canadian port of entry operated until the late 1950s and the building is now a private residence. The US never had a border station at this location. This crossing has been barricaded since the 1970s. 45°0′25.56″N 73°31′1.92″W / 45.0071000°N 73.5172000°W / 45.0071000; -73.5172000
Blackpool Chemin Ridge Champlain US 9 The border crossing on US Route 9 closed in 1967 when Interstate 87 was completed immediately to the west. 45°0′32.76″N 73°26′30.84″W / 45.0091000°N 73.4419000°W / 45.0091000; -73.4419000
Saint-Bernard-de-Lacolle Route 217 Champlain Meridian Road Port of entry on Meridian Road was closed around 1950. The Canada border station was demolished. The USDA has since used the old US border station as an office.,[15] and it is currently for sale.[16] 45°0′32.76″N 73°26′30.48″W / 45.0091000°N 73.4418000°W / 45.0091000; -73.4418000
Quebec–Vermont[edit]
Highwater Chemin Lafond North Troy Space Research Corporation Road In the 1960s and 1970s, Space Research Corporation founder Gerald Bull built his company on property his family owned on both sides of the border. As the company began building military weapons, the US established a border inspection station outside the company's south gate to inspect southbound traffic. This station also enabled US workers to legally return home after work without having to go through the North Troy border crossing, and it was not for use by the general public. Canada did not have a border station on the company's north gate. The SRC facility (and the Customs station) closed in 1980 when Bull was convicted of violating an arms embargo against South Africa.[17] 45°0′30.60″N 72°26′58.20″W / 45.0085000°N 72.4495000°W / 45.0085000; -72.4495000
Mansonville Chemin du Pont-Couvert North Troy Douglas Road Also known as "Province Hill", Canada Customs closed this office around 1972. The building is now purple and privately owned, but in the 1980s it was rented as a vacation home.[18] Prior to its construction in the 1960s, Canada Customs operated out of a line house across the street. This building was separated, moved about a half mile North and used as cottages.[19] 45°0′22.68″N 72°22′28.92″W / 45.0063000°N 72.3747000°W / 45.0063000; -72.3747000
Leadville Chemin des Parulines Newport Leadville Road Canadian Customs had a station from the mid-1930s to 1939, then reopened in 1948. It was replaced with a new border station in the mid-1950s, which permanently closed on March 31, 1969.[20] The Canada border station was converted into a private home that has been updated substantially. There was no US border station at this location; persons entering the US here were expected to travel to the US Customs office at 70 Main Street, Newport, VT to report for inspection. That office closed in 1972, and the road was barricaded. Today the former US Customs office is home to Northeast Kingdom Community Action. 45°0′15.12″N 72°16′28.56″W / 45.0042000°N 72.2746000°W / 45.0042000; -72.2746000
Leadville Chemin de Leadville Newport Lake Road Although this was a busy road with many lakeside homes, neither the US or Canada had a border station here. Persons entering the US here were expected to travel to the US Customs office at 70 Main Street, Newport, VT to report for inspection. That office closed in 1972, and the road was barricaded at the border at that time. 45°0′15.84″N 72°15′30.60″W / 45.0044000°N 72.2585000°W / 45.0044000; -72.2585000
Lineboro Chemin de Nord Derby North Derby North Derby Road Canada provided Customs service at this road and rail crossing 1932-1937 and 1949-1953. The U.S. never had Customs services here. Persons entering the US at this location were expected to travel to the US Customs office at 70 Main Street, Newport, VT to report for inspection. That office closed in 1972, and the road was barricaded at the border at that time. Today the Canada border station is a private home.[21] 45°0′21.10″N 72°10′19.20″W / 45.0058611°N 72.1720000°W / 45.0058611; -72.1720000
Stanhope Rue Principale Norton Nelson Road Unstaffed crossing blocked with bollards by 2015. Formerly signs directed traffic to report directly to the staffed Stanhope-Norton border station. 45°0′38.16″N 71°47′55.32″W / 45.0106000°N 71.7987000°W / 45.0106000; -71.7987000
Quebec–Maine[edit]
Daaquam Rang Sainte-Marie Daaquam American Realty Road Crossing which mostly served the logging industry closed in 2004 when regular customs service was moved to St. Juste. The road is now barricaded.
46°35′53.16″N 70°1′4.80″W / 46.5981000°N 70.0180000°W / 46.5981000; -70.0180000
New Brunswick–Maine[edit]
Grand Falls Caswell Road Caswell (unnamed road) The US operated a border inspection station between 1936 and 1953. The General Services Administration purchased approximately a half acre of land in 1931, and constructed a red brick border station. The property was sold by the US government on October 13, 1954,[22] and although the sale included the brick building, it has since been demolished. The parcel, and the road leading to the border from Route 1A are now private property. It is not known if Canada had a border station on Caswell Road. 47°02′29.7″N 67°47′24.2″W / 47.041583°N 67.790056°W / 47.041583; -67.790056
Four Falls Brown Road East Road Russell Road Canada still provides Customs services seasonally, but US-bound traffic is prohibited, and has been since the US border station closed in the 1960s. However until 2008, US-bound traffic was permitted to use the road to the Aroostook Valley Country Club, which is in both countries. Several Canadian properties can only be accessed via the US part of the road, which pre-dates the establishment of the border; several residents have experienced harassment from U.S. Border Patrol officers since 9/11.[23][24]
46°49′24.21″N 67°47′22.65″W / 46.8233917°N 67.7896250°W / 46.8233917; -67.7896250
Tinker Tinker Road Fort Fairfield Aroostook Falls Road The US operated a border station at this crossing from 1941 to 1953. The border station was located about 500 feet west of the Canada–US border. The General Services Administration purchased the property for the border station on May 20, 1940, and sold it on October 21, 1955.[25] In 1970, The Canadian Magazine declared this crossing "The best place to sneak across the border".[26] The road was barricaded around 1976. The Aroostook River flood of 1994 killed 2 Canadian Customs officers whose vehicle was swept into a ditch by rising flood waters at this crossing.[27] 46°47′36.24″N 67°47′22.56″W / 46.7934000°N 67.7896000°W / 46.7934000; -67.7896000
Hillandale Reid Road Monson Hill Dorsey Road This crossing closed in the 1940s. Aside from some light fixtures, no signs of the border crossing remains. 46°42′7.20″N 67°47′20.04″W / 46.7020000°N 67.7889000°W / 46.7020000; -67.7889000
Beaconsfield Nicholson Road Easton Curtis Road Canada stopped providing Customs services in the 1960s and erected a sign directing travelers to the nearest open crossing. The US moved its border services to the Rivière de Chute crossing from a more central location on Ladner Road. The crossing was barricaded in the 1980s. 46°39′9.36″N 67°47′18.96″W / 46.6526000°N 67.7886000°W / 46.6526000; -67.7886000
Listerville Mars Hill Road Mars Hill Knoxford Line Road Border inspection services were established in 1939, and closed in 1976. The US crossing was also known as Knoxford Line and was housed in a temporary trailer. The General Services Administration deemed the US border station property to be excess on November 3, 1977, and it was subsequently sold.[28] The Canada border station has been renovated and today it serves as a private home.
46°34′9.12″N 67°47′15.00″W / 46.5692000°N 67.7875000°W / 46.5692000; -67.7875000
Upper Royalton Brown Road Blaine Mountain Road This crossing was generally known as "Brown Road" on both sides of the border. The US border station was housed in a temporary trailer. It existed for only a few years, from 1941 to 1952. The US sold the 1 acre border station site on May 22, 1953.[29]
46°30′13.6″N 67°47′09.6″W / 46.503778°N 67.786000°W / 46.503778; -67.786000
Jackson Falls Foxcroft Road Littleton Foxcroft Road This crossing, known as "Starkey Corners" opened in 1936, and was permanently closed on May 19, 1962. The General Services Administration purchased the US border station property on May 20, 1932, and sold it (building included) on January 26, 1966.[30] The US border station is now a private home. The Canadian station was demolished in the late 1960s.
46°13′3.00″N 67°46′54.12″W / 46.2175000°N 67.7817000°W / 46.2175000; -67.7817000
Woodstock Old Houlton Road Houlton US 2 This border crossing was closed in the early 1970s when Interstate 95 was completed immediately to the north. The Canada border station, which was sometimes called Richmond Road, was demolished. The US border station remains in disrepair.
46°8′0.00″N 67°46′52.32″W / 46.1333333°N 67.7812000°W / 46.1333333; -67.7812000
Union Corner Green Road East Hodgdon Boundary Line Road This border crossing, known as "Union Corners", was permanently closed on May 19, 1962. The General Services Administration sold the US border station on August 16, 1965,[31] and it has since been used as a private home. The Canadian station was torn down in the late 1960s.
46°3′14.40″N 67°46′51.60″W / 46.0540000°N 67.7810000°W / 46.0540000; -67.7810000
Monument Amity Road North Amity Monument Road The US purchased 12,580 square feet of land on the south side of Monument Road on May 25, 1932 and spent $5,625 to erect a red brick border station, which saw little traffic. This crossing was about 2000 feet north of Monument #1, which marks the beginning of the land border between the US and Canada. On February 19, 1949, the US sold the property and the border station. The building has since been demolished. 45°56′56.1″N 67°46′52.5″W / 45.948917°N 67.781250°W / 45.948917; -67.781250
Upper Mills Route 170 Baring Front Street This crossing closed in 1948 when the bridge was deemed unsafe. It was dismantled soon thereafter. The US did not have a Customs station at this crossing. 45°8′12.48″N 67°19′5.88″W / 45.1368000°N 67.3183000°W / 45.1368000; -67.3183000
St. Stephen Route 170 Calais Todd Street This crossing, also known as "Union Bridge", closed in 1961 when the bridge was deemed unsafe. It was dismantled in April, 1963, and two men drowned in the process.[32] The US border station property was sold on May 14, 1962, and still stands as a private residence.
45°8′12.48″N 67°19′5.88″W / 45.1368000°N 67.3183000°W / 45.1368000; -67.3183000
Unstaffed road crossings[edit]
Unstaffed road crossing at Angle Inlet, Minnesota
This is a list of roads that cross the U.S.-Canada border that do not have border inspection services. In prior years, there were dozens of such roads where one could legally cross the border and then proceed to an open Customs office to report for inspection, but most have since been barricaded. Requirements for reporting to CBSA or CBP for inspection are noted.
Canada
City/Town
Canada
Road Name
United States
City/Town
United States
Road Name
Notes
Structure or
Notable Feature
Coordinates
British Columbia–Alaska[edit]
Stewart Road to Salmon Glacier [Premier] Hyder NF-88, Tongass National Forest Unstaffed and open. Canadian road ends at former Granduc mine; U.S. road connects only to Canada. 56°2′46.32″N 130°2′12.48″W / 56.0462000°N 130.0368000°W / 56.0462000; -130.0368000
British Columbia–Washington[edit]
Skagit Valley Provincial Park Silver Skagit Road North Cascades National Park Silver Skagit Road Unstaffed and open. U.S. road (to Hozomeen Campground on Ross Lake) connects only to Canada. Persons found on the U.S. side by the U.S. Border Patrol should be prepared to provide passport identification. 49°0′0.72″N 121°3′46.80″W / 49.0002000°N 121.0630000°W / 49.0002000; -121.0630000
Alberta–Montana[edit]
Coutts East Road, Range Roads 15-2, 15-0, 14-4, 14-2, Township Road 10A Sweetgrass Border Road Unstaffed border crossings along 13 km / 8 mi of rural road on the U.S. side. Warning sign directs travelers to report to Customs at Coutts/Sweetgrass. 48°59′51.36″N 111°46′45.12″W / 48.9976000°N 111.7792000°W / 48.9976000; -111.7792000
Manitoba–Minnesota[edit]
Northwest Angle Provincial Forest PR 525 Angle Inlet Winter Road The border for both Canada and the U.S. is staffed remotely. Travellers are directed to video telephones, 12.5 km / 7.8 mi from the border in Angle Inlet, to contact the Canadian or United States border agencies to make their declarations. Northwest Angle 49°17′17.59″N 95°9′12.21″W / 49.2882194°N 95.1533917°W / 49.2882194; -95.1533917
Quebec–New York[edit]
Kanatakon (St. Regis), Akwesasne 15 Réserve Andrew Johnson Road & Saint Regis Street Akwesasne, St. Regis Mohawk Reservation Johnson & St. Regis Roads Unstaffed crossings to/from Québec accessible by road only through New York. No requirement to report. 44°59′58.02″N 74°39′0.14″W / 44.9994500°N 74.6500389°W / 44.9994500; -74.6500389
Tsi Snaihne (Snye), Akwesasne 15 Réserve River, Phillips, Snye, McDonald & Chapman Roads Akwesasne, St. Regis Mohawk Reservation River, Phillips, Snye, McDonald & Chapman Roads Unstaffed crossings to/from Québec accessible by road only through New York. No requirement to report. 44°59′57.70″N 74°36′51.30″W / 44.9993611°N 74.6142500°W / 44.9993611; -74.6142500
Dundee Chemin de la Pointe Hopkins Fort Covington Hopkins Point Road Unstaffed crossing to/from Québec accessible by road only through New York. Signs direct travellers to report to nearby staffed border post. 44°59′53.16″N 74°30′32.94″W / 44.9981000°N 74.5091500°W / 44.9981000; -74.5091500
Rail crossings[edit]
White Pass Train returning to Skagway, Alaska from the Yukon
This transport-related list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
The green background indicates a crossing that is located at a bridge or a tunnel.
The blue background indicates a crossing where passenger rail service is available.
The red background indicates a closed railroad crossing.
Canada
Nearest Community
Canada
Rail Company
United States
Nearest Community
United States
Rail Company
Notes
Structure
or Notable Feature
Coordinates
British Columbia–Alaska[edit]
Fraser WPY Skagway WPY 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge route, isolated line not connected to any others in North America. Former northern terminus Whitehorse, now ends at Carcross. 59°37′27.99″N 135°8′20.58″W / 59.6244417°N 135.1390500°W / 59.6244417; -135.1390500
British Columbia–Washington[edit]
White Rock BNSF Blaine BNSF Used by Amtrak Cascades passenger trains. 49°0′7.56″N 122°45′27.00″W / 49.0021000°N 122.7575000°W / 49.0021000; -122.7575000
Huntingdon CP & SRY Sumas BNSF 49°0′8.64″N 122°16′0.84″W / 49.0024000°N 122.2669000°W / 49.0024000; -122.2669000
Grand Forks KFR Danville KFR Abandoned by the KFR south of the border. 49°0′0.36″N 118°29′33.36″W / 49.0001000°N 118.4926000°W / 49.0001000; -118.4926000
Billings KFR Laurier KFR Canada section isolated from Canadian rail network following CP's 1991 abandonment of their Boundary Sub, accessible only through the U.S. 49°0′0.36″N 118°13′28.56″W / 49.0001000°N 118.2246000°W / 49.0001000; -118.2246000
Waneta KFR Boundary KFR Canada section isolated from Canadian rail network following abandonment of Burlington Northern's Nelson Sub in 1989, only accessible through the U.S. 49°0′2.52″N 117°37′36.84″W / 49.0007000°N 117.6269000°W / 49.0007000; -117.6269000
British Columbia–Idaho[edit]
Kingsgate CP Eastport UP 49°0′1.80″N 116°10′55.92″W / 49.0005000°N 116.1822000°W / 49.0005000; -116.1822000
Alberta–Montana[edit]
Coutts CP Sweetgrass BNSF 48°59′54.24″N 111°57′32.40″W / 48.9984000°N 111.9590000°W / 48.9984000; -111.9590000
Saskatchewan–North Dakota[edit]
North Portal CP Portal CP (SOO) 48°59′56.04″N 102°32′56.40″W / 48.9989000°N 102.5490000°W / 48.9989000; -102.5490000
Northgate CN Northgate BNSF CN abandoned north of the border in 2001. 48°59′55.68″N 102°15′51.48″W / 48.9988000°N 102.2643000°W / 48.9988000; -102.2643000
Manitoba–North Dakota[edit]
Gretna CP Neche BNSF The line was abandoned by both railways during the early 1990s. The tracks have been removed on both sides. 49°0′1.80″N 97°33′38.16″W / 49.0005000°N 97.5606000°W / 49.0005000; -97.5606000
West Lynne (Emerson) CN Pembina BNSF The tracks were removed after BNSF abandoned its rail line from Joliette to the border in 1980; the CN line maintains its connection with the BNSF line at the nearby Emerson-Noyes crossing. 49°0′1.44″N 97°14′6.36″W / 49.0004000°N 97.2351000°W / 49.0004000; -97.2351000
Manitoba–Minnesota[edit]
Emerson CN (west track) / CP (east track) Noyes BNSF (west track) / CP (east track) Since closure of the adjacent road border crossing, this rail crossing has been managed by the nearby Emerson (Canada) and Pembina (U.S.) ports of entry. 49°0′1.44″N 97°12′13.32″W / 49.0004000°N 97.2037000°W / 49.0004000; -97.2037000
Middlebro (Sprague) CN Longworth (Warroad) CN The U.S. stretch between Warroad & Baudette connects only through Canada. It was isolated from the U.S. rail network when Minnesota Northern Railroad abandoned the Warroad subdivision in 2009. 48°59′56.40″N 95°22′32.16″W / 48.9990000°N 95.3756000°W / 48.9990000; -95.3756000
Ontario–Minnesota[edit]
Rainy River CN Baudette CN The U.S. stretch between Warroad & Baudette connects only through Canada. 48°43′10.56″N 94°35′29.04″W / 48.7196000°N 94.5914000°W / 48.7196000; -94.5914000
Fort Frances MDW International Falls Minnesota, Dakota & Western Railway Once connecting to CN's nearby mainline, the Fort Frances stretch is now isolated from the Canadian rail network. Trains must cross this bridge to the U.S. to get back into Canada. Fort Frances – International Falls International Bridge 48°36′26.69″N 93°24′6.42″W / 48.6074139°N 93.4017833°W / 48.6074139; -93.4017833
Fort Frances CN Ranier CN Ranier International Rail Bridge 48°36′53.64″N 93°24′6.42″W / 48.6149000°N 93.4017833°W / 48.6149000; -93.4017833
Ontario–Michigan[edit]
Sault Ste. Marie CN (ACR) Sault Ste. Marie CN (WC) International Rail Bridge 46°30′30.60″N 84°21′41.76″W / 46.5085000°N 84.3616000°W / 46.5085000; -84.3616000
Sarnia CN Port Huron CN Paul M. Tellier Tunnel 42°57′34.20″N 82°25′21.36″W / 42.9595000°N 82.4226000°W / 42.9595000; -82.4226000
Windsor CP Detroit CP Michigan Central Railway Tunnel 42°19′9.12″N 83°3′30.24″W / 42.3192000°N 83.0584000°W / 42.3192000; -83.0584000
Ontario–New York[edit]
Fort Erie CN Buffalo CN International Railway Bridge 42°55′46.20″N 78°54′28.80″W / 42.9295000°N 78.9080000°W / 42.9295000; -78.9080000
Niagara Falls CP Niagara Falls CP Closed to rail traffic in 2000. Presently mothballed. Michigan Central Railway Bridge 43°6′30.60″N 79°3′29.52″W / 43.1085000°N 79.0582000°W / 43.1085000; -79.0582000
Niagara Falls CN Niagara Falls CSX Used by Amtrak/Via Maple Leaf passenger trains. Whirlpool Rapids Bridge 43°6′33.27″N 79°3′30.00″W / 43.1092417°N 79.0583333°W / 43.1092417; -79.0583333
Quebec–New York[edit]
Sainte-Agnès-de-Dundee CSX Fort Covington CSX 44°59′51.36″N 74°29′8.88″W / 44.9976000°N 74.4858000°W / 44.9976000; -74.4858000
Elgin NYC Trout River NYC Abandoned, but ROW intact. 44°59′31.92″N 74°14′32.28″W / 44.9922000°N 74.2423000°W / 44.9922000; -74.2423000
Cantic CP (west track) & CN (east track) Rouses Point CP (DH) Used by Amtrak Adirondack passenger trains, using CN track in Canada. Cantic port of entry next to Lacolle 223. 45°0′36.72″N 73°22′18.12″W / 45.0102000°N 73.3717000°W / 45.0102000; -73.3717000
Quebec–Vermont[edit]
Clarenceville CN Alburg Springs CN 45°0′45.00″N 73°14′28.32″W / 45.0125000°N 73.2412000°W / 45.0125000; -73.2412000
Abercorn CMQ Richford CMQ U.S. section isolated from the U.S. rail network following 1990 abandonment of Central Vermont Railway's Richford Branch. Trains in the U.S. must pass through Canada. Part of the Farnham-Richford-North Troy line. 45°0′54.36″N 72°39′49.32″W / 45.0151000°N 72.6637000°W / 45.0151000; -72.6637000
Glen Sutton CMQ East Richford CMQ Canadian section has always been isolated from the Canadian rail network. Trains must pass through the U.S. to connect with the rest of Canada. Part of the Farnham-Richford-North Troy line. 45°0′41.76″N 72°35′9.24″W / 45.0116000°N 72.5859000°W / 45.0116000; -72.5859000
Highwater CMQ North Troy CMQ Trains in Canada must pass back through the U.S. from this isolated section. Part of the Farnham-Richford-North Troy line. 45°0′25.56″N 72°24′43.92″W / 45.0071000°N 72.4122000°W / 45.0071000; -72.4122000
Lineboro Quebec Central Railway (QC) North Derby Quebec Central Railway (QC) Tracks were removed in the 1990s. Now Piste cyclable de Stanstead (Canada) and Newport Bikepath (U.S.). Signs urge cyclists not to cross here. 45°0′20.88″N 72°10′17.40″W / 45.0058000°N 72.1715000°W / 45.0058000; -72.1715000
Stanhope SLR Norton SLQ 45°0′38.16″N 71°47′42.36″W / 45.0106000°N 71.7951000°W / 45.0106000; -71.7951000
Quebec–Maine[edit]
Trudel (Lac-Mégantic) CMQ Beattie (Jackman) CMQ 45°32′48.12″N 70°41′21.48″W / 45.5467000°N 70.6893000°W / 45.5467000; -70.6893000
New Brunswick–Maine[edit]
St. Leonard MNRY Van Buren MNRY Unnamed rail bridge 47°10′29.64″N 67°56′32.28″W / 47.1749000°N 67.9423000°W / 47.1749000; -67.9423000
Tinker CP Fort Fairfield CP Tracks removed. 46°47′36.60″N 67°47′22.56″W / 46.7935000°N 67.7896000°W / 46.7935000; -67.7896000
Green Road CAR Houlton CAR Abandoned June 1989. 46°5′42.72″N 67°46′52.32″W / 46.0952000°N 67.7812000°W / 46.0952000; -67.7812000
St. Croix NBSR Vanceboro EMRY Only Canada-U.S. border crossing to be attacked by a foreign force. See Vanceboro international bridge bombing. Saint Croix-Vanceboro Railway Bridge 45°33′50.40″N 67°25′39.00″W / 45.5640000°N 67.4275000°W / 45.5640000; -67.4275000
Mohannes NBSR Woodland NBSR The American stretch is isolated from the rest of the U.S. rail network, and trains must cross this bridge to a small portion through Canada to the U.S. at Baring. Part of NBSR’s St. Stephen-Calais-Woodland branch; leased from Woodland Rail. Sprague Falls Railroad Bridge 45°10′0.84″N 67°24′15.48″W / 45.1669000°N 67.4043000°W / 45.1669000; -67.4043000
Upper Mills NBSR Baring Plantation NBSR The Canadian stretch between Mohannes and Upper Mills is isolated from the Canadian rail network, and trains must cross this bridge into the U.S. to connect to the rest of Canada. Sold to Woodland Rail by Pan-Am Railways after a short period out of service. Part of the St. Stephen-Calais-Woodland branch; leased from Woodland Rail. Baring Railroad Bridge 45°8′3.84″N 67°24′15.48″W / 45.1344000°N 67.4043000°W / 45.1344000; -67.4043000
St. Stephen (Milltown) NBSR Calais NBSR The American stretch between Baring and Calais is isolated from the U.S. rail network, and trains in the U.S. must switch direction and cross this bridge into Canada to connect with the rest of the U.S. rail network. The line was disconnected from the U.S. network when Guilford Rail (Pan-Am Railways) abandoned the connecting line to Bangor in 1989; those rails were intact until torn up in the late 2000s. Part of the St. Stephen-Calais-Woodland branch; leased from Woodland Rail on the U.S. side. Salmon Falls Railroad Bridge 45°10′29.28″N 67°17′29.40″W / 45.1748000°N 67.2915000°W / 45.1748000; -67.2915000
Ferry crossings[edit]
Ferry departing Wolfe Island, ON for Cape Vincent, NY
This list is of point-to-point international ferry services, including those for road vehicles, passengers and rail. Other marine ports of entry are not included.
Canada
Ferry Terminal
Waterway
United States
Ferry Terminal
Ferry Company
Notes
British Columbia–Alaska[edit]
Prince Rupert Inside Passage / Dixon Entrance Whittier CN Aquatrain / Foss Maritime Rail cars only.[33]
Prince Rupert Inside Passage / Dixon Entrance Ketchikan / Juneau Alaska Marine Highway
Alaska Marine Highway also operates vehicle ferries between Ketchikan, Alaska and Bellingham, Washington, and Alaska Rail Marine operates train ferries between Whittier, Alaska and Seattle, Washington through the Inside Passage of British Columbia without docking at Canadian ports.
British Columbia–Washington[edit]
Victoria Strait of Juan de Fuca Port Angeles Blackball Transport Using MV Coho.
Victoria Strait of Juan de Fuca Seattle Clipper Navigation Passengers only.[34]
Sidney San Juan Islands Anacortes Washington State Ferries
Alberta–Montana[edit]
Waterton Park Waterton Lake Goat Haunt Ranger Station Waterton Shoreline Cruise Co. Scheduled passenger trips originating in Canada from the end of May to mid-September stop at the U.S. station, which is accessed in Glacier National Park only by hiking trails.
Ontario–Michigan[edit]
Sombra St. Clair River Marine City Bluewater Ferry
Walpole Island St. Clair River Algonac Walpole-Algonac Ferry
Windsor Detroit River Detroit Detroit-Windsor Truck Ferry
Ontario–Ohio[edit]
Pelee Lake Erie Sandusky Ontario Ferries[35] Seasonal: April to mid-September.
Ontario–New York[edit]
Wolfe Island St. Lawrence River Cape Vincent Cape Vincent-Wolfe Island Ferry Seasonal: May 1 to October 15.
New Brunswick–Maine[edit]
Deer Island Head Harbour Passage (Passamaquoddy Bay) Eastport Cummings Cove to Eastport Ferry Seasonal: mid-June to mid-September.
Nova Scotia–Maine[edit]
Yarmouth Gulf of Maine Portland Bay Ferries Seasonal: late-May to mid-October.
Recent and proposed changes[edit]
Canada Border Services Agency implemented changes on April 1, 2011. The result was the closure of Big Beaver, Franklin Centre and Jamieson's Line. Also, hours were reduced at East Pinnacle, Glen Sutton, Morses Line to 8 am-4 pm. Note that southbound traffic from Franklin Centre toward Churubusco, New York may proceed.
On December 21, 2012, US Customs and Border Protection announced the permanent closure of the port of Whitetail, Montana.[36]
On August 21, 2014, U.S. Customs and Border Protection permanently closed the Jamieson Line Border Crossing.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection has proposed the permanent closure of Morses Line, Vermont.[37] The review process is still ongoing.
The Gordie Howe International Bridge is a planned additional bridge between Windsor, Ontario and Detroit, Michigan aimed at relieving traffic congestion between the two cities.
See also[edit]
Canada–United States border
American entry into Canada by land
Border town
List of Mexico–United States border crossings
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "CBP finalizes hours for Lancaster and Roseau Ports of Entry". U.S. Border Customs and Protection. 12 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Buffalo and Fort Erie Public Bridge Authority". peacebridge.com.
Jump up ^ http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/btb-pdf/poe-morses-pf-eng.html (accessed 2016-12-30)
Jump up ^ http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/travel-voyage/pptraq-ppvreq-eng.html
Jump up ^ Saba, Anne, "Point Roberts, WA - Then and Now", US Customs Today, October 1999
Jump up ^ Ann Briley (April 12, 2011). "Chopaka: The early days". BC Local News. Retrieved December 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ David G. Jones, "Molson is Becoming Smaller: A Canadian-American Community After the First War", BC Studies, no. 49, Spring 1981, p.54
Jump up ^ Federal Register 6 FR 705, February 1, 1941
Jump up ^ Camp, Al, "Border Crossing Diplomacy Opens Way for Canadians", The Omak-Okanogan County Chronicle, June 20, 1990
Jump up ^ Michael Jamison of the Missoulian (April 11, 2002). "Bust near Glacier nets 120 pounds of pot". Missoulian.com. Retrieved March 2, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Legg, Herbert (1962). Customs services in western Canada, 1867-1925; a History, The Creston Review Ltd., Creston, BC
Jump up ^ "Obtain information about the Whitetail Port of Entry". Help.cbp.gov. Retrieved March 2, 2011.
Jump up ^ Northgate, ND. GhostsofNorthDakota.com. Retrieved on April 12, 2014.
Jump up ^ Larson, Troy. "History Appreciation In Pembina". Ghosts of North Dakota. Retrieved January 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Maisel, Albert Q. Aliens Are Swarming Over Our Unguarded Northern Border, Look Magazine, New York, November 17, 1953, p. 75.
Jump up ^ Former Agricultural Inspection Border Station. "193 Meridian Road, Champlain, NY, 12919 - Agricultural Property - Off-Market on". Loopnet.com. Retrieved March 2, 2011.
Jump up ^ Fried, Joseph P. (March 25, 1990). "Gerald Bull, 62, Shot in Belgium; Scientist Who Violated Arms Law". New York Times. Retrieved June 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ O'Neill, Thomas and Yamashita, Michael (Photographer) (1984). Lakes, Peaks and Prairies - Discovering the United States-Canada Border, p. 53. National Geographic Society, ISBN 0-87044-478-6.
Jump up ^ Bailey, Merton (1982). Border Crossings of Potton Township, p.A5.
Jump up ^ "Granby Leader-Mail - Google News Archive Search". Google News. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
Jump up ^ Farfan, Matthew (2009). The Vermont-Quebec Border - Life on the Line, p. 82. Arcadia Publishing
Jump up ^ General Services Administration, Record Group 121 (October 13, 1954). US Border Station - former - Mars Hill, ME. Waltham, MA: National Archives Identifier: 1271926. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ "Orange alert on the Pedersen farm". CBC News. April 1, 2003.
Jump up ^ "Golfers' drive out of bounds, say U.S. officials". CBC News. June 27, 2008.
Jump up ^ General Services Administration, Record Group 269 (October 21, 1955). Aroostook Falls Road Border Station - Fort Fairfield, ME. Waltham, MA: National Archives Identifier: 659904. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ "All About the Border". The Canadian Magazine: 16. September 5, 1970.
Jump up ^ Hon. David Anderson (Minister of National Revenue) as recorded in the House of Commons transcript, April 18, 1994, Ottawa, Canada.
Jump up ^ General Services Administration, Record Group 269 (Nov 3, 1977). US Border Station - former - Mars Hill, ME. Waltham, MA: National Archives Identifier: 4723630. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ General Services Administration, Record Group 121 (May 22, 1941). Brown Road Border Station, Blaine, ME. Waltham, MA: National Archives Identifier: 1271888. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ General Services Administration, Record Group 291 (January 26, 1966). Border Station - Littleton, ME - [Project #] T-Maine-524. Waltham, MA: National Archives Identifier: 1143714. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ General Services Administration, Record Group 269 (August 16, 1965). Border Station (former) - Hodgdon, ME. Waltham, MA: National Archives Identifier: 660339. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ "2 Men Drown, 3 Rescued in St. Croix River Tragedy". Calais Advertiser. April 11, 1963. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ "Your Shipping Solution to Alaska". CN. Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2018-03-21.
Jump up ^ "Seattle-Victoria Ferry". Clipper Vacations. Retrieved 2018-03-21.
Jump up ^ "Welcome to the MV Jiimaan". Ontarioferries.com. Archived from the original on December 19, 2010. Retrieved March 2, 2011.
Jump up ^ "CBP Announces Closure of Port of Whitetail, Montana". www.cbp.gov. January 25, 2013. Archived from the original on June 26, 2013. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Obtain information about the Morses Line Border Crossing". Help.cbp.gov. Retrieved March 2, 2011.
External links[edit]
Canada Border Services Agency - Highway-Land Border Offices
U.S. Customs and Border Protection - Locate a Port of Entry
This transport-related list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Canada–United_States_border_crossings&oldid=854662687"
Categories:
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