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America's Next Top Model (season 1)
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America's Next Top Model (cycle 1)
Cycle 1 cast
Country of origin
United States
No. of episodes
9
Release
Original network
UPN
Original release
May 20 (2003-05-20) – July 15, 2003 (2003-07-15)
Additional information
Judges
Tyra Banks
Janice Dickinson
Kimora Lee Simmons
Beau Quillian
No. of contestants
10
Winner
Adrianne Curry
All-stars
Shannon Stewart
America's Next Top Model, cycle 1 was the first cycle of America's Next Top Model. It originally aired on UPN from May to July 2003, and was hosted by Tyra Banks, who additionally served as its executive producer and presenter. The judging panel consisted of Banks, Janice Dickinson, Kimora Lee Simmons, and Beau Quillian. The cycle's catchphrase was "One girl has what it takes".[1][2][3]
This was the only season to feature a cast of only 10 finalists. All later cycles have featured at least 12 finalists. The international destination for the cycle was Paris, France.[4] The winner of the competition was 20-year-old Adrianne Curry from Joliet, Illinois. Her prizes were a modelling contract with Wilhelmina Models, a photo spread in Marie Claire magazine and a contract with Revlon cosmetics.[5]
Contents
1 Contestants
2 Episode summaries
2.1 The Girl Who Wants It Bad
2.2 The Girl Is Here To Win, Not Make Friends
2.3 The Girl Who Gets Rushed To The Emergency Room
2.4 The Girl Who Drives Everyone Crazy
2.5 The Girl Who Everyone Thinks Is Killing Herself
2.6 The Girl Who Deals With A Pervert
2.7 The Girls Get Really Naked
2.8 How The Girls Got Here
2.9 The Girl Who Becomes America's Next Top Model
3 Summaries
3.1 Call-out order
3.2 Photo shoot guide
3.3 Makeovers
4 Post-Top Model careers
5 References
6 External links
Contestants[edit]
(ages stated are at start of contest)
Contestant
Age
Height
Hometown
Finish
Place
Tessa Carlson[6] 19 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) Chicago, Illinois Episode 1 10
Katie Cleary[7] 21 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) Glenview, Illinois Episode 2 9
Nicole Panattoni[8] 22 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) Murrieta, California Episode 3 8
Ebony Haith[9] 24 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m) Bronx, New York Episode 4 7
Giselle Samson[10] 18 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m) Corona, California Episode 5 6
Kesse Wallace[11] 21 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) North Little Rock, Arkansas Episode 6 5
Robin Manning[12] 26 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) Memphis, Tennessee Episode 7 4
Elyse Sewell[13] 20 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m) Albuquerque, New Mexico Episode 9 3
Shannon Stewart[14] 18 5 ft 10.5 in (1.79 m) Franklin, Ohio 2
Adrianne Curry[15] 20 5 ft 10.5 in (1.79 m) Joliet, Illinois 1
Episode summaries[edit]
The Girl Who Wants It Bad[edit]
First aired May 20, 2003
Twenty semi-finalists, chosen from thousands of hopefuls, arrived in Los Angeles for the preliminary round of the competition. The contestants were told that only ten of them would make it to the finals, but after their meetings with Tyra Banks and the producers, only eight advanced. Two more contestants, Giselle and Tessa, were added to the final cast following a separate audition.
For the week's photo shoot, the ten finalists modeled J.Lo by Jennifer Lopez swimwear atop a Manhattan skyscraper. The judging session saw Tessa become the first model eliminated from the competition.
Featured photographer: Douglas Bizzaro & Elizabeth Moss
The Girl Is Here To Win, Not Make Friends[edit]
First aired May 27, 2003
For the week's challenge, the nine remaining finalists took part in a mock fashion show. The challenge winner was Giselle. For the photo shoot, the finalists posed for Stuff magazine. The judging session saw Katie become the second model eliminated from the competition.
Featured photographer: Barry Hollywood
Special guests: Wyclef Jean
The Girl Who Gets Rushed To The Emergency Room[edit]
First aired June 3, 2003
The eight remaining finalists were given makeovers. They had a challenge on applying make-up, which was won by Elyse. For the week's photo shoot, the finalists had beauty shots taken with a snake. The judging session saw Nicole become the third model eliminated from the competition.
Featured photographer: Troy Ward
Special guests: Kim Lepine, Jon Silverman, Max Tucci, Janice Combs, Constance White, Derek Kahn
The Girl Who Drives Everyone Crazy[edit]
First aired June 10, 2003
The seven remaining finalists were challenged to polish their acting skills. They were given a challenge on line-reading, which was won by Robin. Instead of a photo shoot, the finalists shot a commercial for Fresh Look contact lenses. The judging session saw Ebony become the fourth model eliminated from the competition.
Featured commercial director: Loren Haynes
Special guests: Jon Silverman, Alice Spivak, Tracy Staus
The Girl Who Everyone Thinks Is Killing Herself[edit]
First aired June 17, 2003
For the week's challenge, the six remaining finalists gave interviews, with Elyse winning. The photo shoot was a campaign for Reebok with NFL Rookie of the Year Clinton Portis. The judging session saw Giselle become the fifth model eliminated from the competition.
Featured photographer: Daniel Garriga
Special guests: Cindy Berger, Jon Silverman, Clinton Portis, Christine Curry, Martin Crandall, Derek Kahn, Steve Santagati
The Girl Who Deals With A Pervert[edit]
First aired June 24, 2003
The five remaining finalists were flown to Paris for the week's challenge and photo shoot. They did a lingerie shoot for Wonder Bra with male model Brad Pinkert, and for the challenge they attended go-sees. The judging session saw Kesse become the sixth model eliminated from the competition.
Featured photographer: Michel Haddi
Special guests: Pink, Brad Pinkert, Emma Mackie, Marilyn Gauthier
The Girls Get Really Naked[edit]
First aired July 1, 2003
For the week’s challenge, the four remaining finalists went to a restaurant and met four men, who judged them on their ability to carry themselves in a couture situation. The challenge winner was Adrianne. The finalists did two photo shoots this week: a black-and-white beauty shoot shot by Tyra Banks, and a nude shoot for Merit Diamond jewelry, the latter of which Robin and Shannon refused to participate in. The finalists were flown back to New York City for the judging session, which saw Robin become the seventh model eliminated from the competition.
Featured photographers: Tyra Banks, Patrick Katzman
Special guests: Pascal Millet, Derek Khan
How The Girls Got Here[edit]
First aired July 8, 2003
This episode was an overview of the past seven episodes of the cycle which featured previously unseen footage.
The Girl Who Becomes America's Next Top Model[edit]
First aired July 8, 2003
The final three contestants were Adrianne Curry, Elyse Sewell and Shannon Stewart. Elyse became the eighth model eliminated at the penultimate judging session.
Adrianne and Shannon competed in a Baby Phat fashion show. The final judging session saw Adrianne crowned America's Next Top Model.
Special guest: Drew Lineham
Summaries[edit]
Call-out order[edit]
Order
Episodes
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
1
Nicole Ebony Shannon Shannon Kesse Adrianne Elyse Elyse Shannon Adrianne
2
Robin Elyse Nicole Kesse Elyse Kesse Shannon Adrianne Adrianne Shannon
3
Kesse Kesse Giselle Elyse Adrianne Shannon Robin Shannon Elyse
4
Elyse Adrianne Robin Giselle Robin Robin Adrianne Robin
5
Katie Katie Adrianne Adrianne Shannon Elyse Kesse
6
Ebony Nicole Ebony Robin Giselle Giselle
7
Adrianne Giselle Elyse Ebony Ebony
8
Shannon Robin Kesse Nicole
9
Shannon Katie
10
Tessa
The contestant was eliminated
The contestant won the competition
In episode 1, the pool of 20 semi-finalists was reduced to 8. Later, two more contestants (Giselle and Tessa) were scouted and introduced to the cast.
In episode 7, Robin and Shannon did not participate in the photo shoot.
Episode 8 was the recap episode.
Photo shoot guide[edit]
Episode 1 photo shoot: Swimwear on a rooftop
Episode 2 photo shoot: Swimwear for Stuff
Episode 3 photo shoot: Beauty shots with snakes
Episode 4 commercial: Fresh Look contact lenses
Episode 5 photo shoot: Reebok ad with Clinton Portis
Episode 6 photo shoot: Wonder Bra overlooking the Eiffel Tower
Episode 7 photo shoots: Black & white beauty shots, nude campaign for Merit Diamond
Makeovers[edit]
Adrianne – Weave with bangs
Ebony – Tuft shaved off
Elyse – Pixie cut
Giselle – Dyed red and layered
Kesse – Hair weave with honey blonde highlights, à la Tyra Banks in 1992
Nicole – Weave trimmed and straightened
Robin – Weave removed and light brown weave added
Shannon – Straight hair weave and more blonde
Post-Top Model careers[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Tessa Carlson modeled for Noah Kalina and Joey Quintero.
Katie Cleary has worked with Deal or No Deal and has done print modeling. She has been an on-camera host for TV Guide Channel, E! News, and HDTV's Get Out. Her acting credits include How to Get Away with Murder, Chuck, The Break-Up, The Lake House, and Iron Man 2.[16]
Adrianne Curry collected her prizes and has modeled for several magazines, including Life & Style Weekly, Us Weekly, Star, OK!, Stuff, People, Maxim, made the Maxim Hot 100 list in 2005, Max (Spanish) Marie Claire, Spanish Marie Claire, Von Dutch, Von Dutch Watches, Salon City, Macy's, Famous Stars and Straps, Lucky, Ed Hardy, Kinis Bikinis, Beverly Hills Choppers, and Merit Diamonds. She has walked for Jaime Pressly and Pamela Anderson. She was signed with Wilhelmina Models and Avenue Modeller,[17] and is no longer a model. She was married to actor Christopher Knight from 2006 to 2012.
Ebony Haith was signed with Downtown Model Management.
Robin Manning is pursuing an acting career and has been in two movies, and has done church-related print work.
Nicole Panattoni modeled for various companies. She is married to BMX rider Cory Nastazio.
Giselle Samson now works as a hostess for Carnival Cruise.[18]
Elyse Sewell has done multiple print ads, and been signed by multiple agencies in Asia.
Shannon Stewart has done print work, and has been signed with Ford Models and Elite Model Management. She participated in the America's Next Top Model All Stars cycle alongside other former contestants,[19] finishing in sixth place.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Would-be supermodel finds her competition shallow". Record-Journal. June 2, 2003. Retrieved November 7, 2012.
Jump up ^ "LOOKING FOR A TOP MODEL". Long Beach Press-Telegram. June 3, 2003. Retrieved November 7, 2012.
Jump up ^ La Ferla, Ruth. "Front Row". New York Times. Retrieved November 7, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Why America's Next Top Model Was Never Better Than Its First Cycle". Vulture. 2015-12-04. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
Jump up ^ "Adrianne Curry Spills 'The Truth' About 'America's Next Top Model' and Hearing 'Crickets' From Tyra Banks". toofab. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
Jump up ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20030420131826/http://www.upn.com/shows/top_model/bio_tessa.shtml
Jump up ^ "UPN". April 20, 2003. Archived from the original on April 20, 2003. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "UPN". April 20, 2003. Archived from the original on April 20, 2003. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "UPN". August 1, 2003. Archived from the original on August 1, 2003. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "UPN". April 20, 2003. Archived from the original on April 20, 2003. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "UPN". April 20, 2003. Archived from the original on April 20, 2003. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "UPN". April 20, 2003. Archived from the original on April 20, 2003. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "UPN". June 21, 2003. Archived from the original on June 21, 2003. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "UPN". April 20, 2003. Archived from the original on April 20, 2003. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "UPN". April 20, 2003. Archived from the original on April 20, 2003. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ Stephens, Brittney. "ANTM Contestants: Where Are They Now?".
Jump up ^ FashionModelDirectory.com, The FMD -. "Adrianne Curry – Fashion Model | Models | Photos, Editorials & Latest News | The FMD". The FMD - FashionModelDirectory.com. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
Jump up ^ Balser, Erin (January 10, 2009). "Top Model Round-Up: January 10". Topmodelgossip.com. Archived from the original on April 9, 2009. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ Ward, Kate (May 12, 2011). "'Top Model All-Stars' cast reported: Lisa D'Amato, Isis King in; Jade out". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 24, 2011. Retrieved May 15, 2011.
External links[edit]
America's Next Top Model, cycle 1 on IMDb
America's Next Top Model, cycle 1 at TV.com
America's Next Top Model Fact-O-File History
hide
v
t
e
America's Next Top Model
Seasons (cycle)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
All-Stars (17)
British Invasion (18)
College Edition (19)
Guys & Girls
20
21
22
23
24
Contestants
Winners
Adrianne Curry
Yoanna House
Eva Pigford
Naima Mora
Nicole Linkletter
Danielle Evans
CariDee English
Jaslene Gonzalez
Saleisha Stowers
Whitney Thompson
McKey Sullivan
Nicole Fox
Krista White
Ann Ward
Brittani Kline
Lisa D'Amato
Sophie Sumner
Laura James
Jourdan Miller
Keith Carlos
Nyle DiMarco
Other alumni
Elyse Sewell
Mercedes Scelba-Shorte
Yaya DaCosta
Toccara Jones
Bre Scullark
Kim Stolz
Cassandra Whitehead
Jade Cole
Melrose Bickerstaff
Eugena Washington
Anchal Joseph
Renee DeWitt
Chantal Jones
Heather Kuzmich
Lisa Jackson
Anya Kop
Fatima Siad
Dominique Reighard
Analeigh Tipton
Isis King
Allison Harvard
Celia Ammerman
Natalie Pack
Laura Kirkpatrick
Jane Randall
Esther Petrack
AzMarie Livingston
Candace M. Smith
Jasmia Robinson
Leila Goldkuhl
Cory Wade Hindorff
Chantelle Young
Related series
Modelville (2008)
Stylista (2008)
True Beauty (2009–2010)
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Linda Davis
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
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Linda Davis
Birth name
Linda Kaye Davis
Born
(1962-11-26) November 26, 1962 (age 55)
Origin
Dotson, Texas, U.S.
Genres
Country, Country Pop
Occupation(s)
Singer
Instruments
Vocals
Years active
1980–present
Labels
MDJ
Epic
Liberty
Arista Nashville
Dreamcatcher
DreamWorks Nashville
Associated acts
Skip & Linda
Lady Antebellum
Reba McEntire
Lang Scott
Kenny Rogers
Website
Official website
Linda Kaye Davis (born November 26, 1962) is an American country music singer. Before beginning a career as a solo artist, she had three minor country singles in the charts as one half of the duo Skip & Linda. In her solo career, Davis has recorded five studio albums for major record labels and more than 15 singles. Her highest chart entry is "Does He Love You", her 1993 duet with Reba McEntire, which reached number one on the Billboard country charts and won both singers the Grammy for Best Country Vocal Collaboration. Her highest solo chart position is "Some Things Are Meant to Be" at No. 13 in 1996. Davis is the wife of the country singer Lang Scott and the mother of Hillary Scott of Lady Antebellum.
Davis won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Christian Album and Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song as part of the Scott Family's album Love Remains. Linda Davis now has three Grammy wins in her career.
Linda won the Billboard Music Award, as part of Hillary Scott & The Scott Family, for Top Christian Song ("Thy Will") in May, 2017.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Biography
2 Career
2.1 In a Different Light and Linda Davis
2.2 "Does He Love You" and Shoot for the Moon
2.3 Some Things Are Meant to Be
2.4 I'm Yours
2.5 2003–present
3 Discography
3.1 Albums
3.2 Singles
3.2.1 As Skip & Linda
3.2.2 Solo
3.2.3 As Hillary Scott & the Scott Family
3.2.4 Guest singles
3.3 Music videos
4 Awards and nominations
5 References
6 External links
Biography[edit]
Linda Kaye Davis was born November 26, 1962, in Dotson, Texas. She first sang in public on a local radio show at age six. By the time she was 20, Davis had moved to Nashville, Tennessee, where she paired up with the singer Skip Eaton to form the duo Skip & Linda. They signed to MDJ Records and had three minor singles on the Billboard country charts.[2] Davis later performed at a piano bar inside a Sheraton hotel, when she was discovered by the record producer Bob Montgomery.[3]
Davis moved to Tennessee and became a receptionist for a small studio. She occasionally sang demos and jingles. Shortly after starting her job she met a songwriter who became her husband: Lang Scott. After marrying in Spring 1984,[4] they had two daughters: Their daughters are Hillary Scott (April 1, 1986) and Rylee Jean Scott (2000).
Career[edit]
In a Different Light and Linda Davis[edit]
Davis's first solo chart entry came in 1988 on Epic Records, although it was not until 1991 that she released her first album In a Different Light on Liberty Records. This album produced two chart singles, but no Top 40 hits. That same year, Davis co-wrote the title track of Dawn Sears's debut album What a Woman Wants to Hear. A year later, Davis released her second album, Linda Davis, which did not produce any chart singles at all. Reba McEntire then chose Davis as a backing vocalist for her road band.
"Does He Love You" and Shoot for the Moon[edit]
Davis had her biggest chart success in 1993 when she and McEntire recorded their duet "Does He Love You". Davis's only number one country hit, it also won her and McEntire a Grammy Award for Best Country Vocal Collaboration that year.[5] Soon afterward, Davis signed to Arista Nashville and recorded her third album, Shoot for the Moon. This album's first single, the Mac McAnally composition "Company Time", failed to enter the Top 40. It was followed by "Love Didn't Do It" at No. 58. Davis, along with Trisha Yearwood and Martina McBride, sang guest vocals on McEntire's mid-1995 cover version of the Patti LaBelle/Michael McDonald song "On My Own", although only McEntire received chart credit for it.
Some Things Are Meant to Be[edit]
Davis did not enter Top 40 on the country charts again until 1996 with the title track of her 1996 album Some Things Are Meant to Be, her second album for Arista. This song peaked at No. 13 on the country charts, becoming her highest solo chart position. Following it were "A Love Story in the Making" (co-written by the former NRBQ member Al Anderson) at No. 33, and "Walk Away", which failed to chart. Also included on this album was the song "What Do I Know", released by Ricochet the same year as its first single.
I'm Yours[edit]
Davis's fifth album, I'm Yours, was released in 1998 on DreamWorks Records, then a newly established record label. Its first single, "I Wanna Remember This", was used on the soundtrack to the film Black Dog. The song peaked at No. 20 in 1998, followed by the title track at No. 38 and "From the Inside Out" at No. 60. After this latter song, Davis left DreamWorks. She was signed to Kenny Rogers' Dreamcatcher Records in 2000.[6]
2003–present[edit]
In 2003, Davis self-released a Christmas album with her husband, Lang Scott, and their daughter, Hillary (b. April 1, 1986). Two more self-released albums, I Have Arrived and Young at Heart, followed in 2004 and 2007, respectively. Hillary founded the country music group Lady Antebellum in 2006.
In 2009, Davis was inducted into the Texas Country Music Hall of Fame.
Davis joined Lulu Roman (of Hee Haw fame) for a cover version of Anne Murray's "You Needed Me" on Roman's 2013 album At Last.
In 2013 & 2015, Davis toured with fellow country singer Kenny Rogers and will again accompany him on his "The Gambler's Last Deal" tour in 2017.
Discography[edit]
Albums[edit]
Title
Album details
Peak chart positions
US Country
US
US Heat
In a Different Light
Release date: February 1, 1991
Label: Capitol Records
— — —
Linda Davis
Release date: April 21, 1992
Label: Liberty Records
— — —
Shoot for the Moon
Release date: April 26, 1994
Label: Arista Nashville
28 124 2
Some Things Are Meant to Be
Release date: January 30, 1996
Label: Arista Nashville
26 164 7
I'm Yours
Release date: November 3, 1998
Label: DreamWorks Nashville
61 — —
Family Christmas
(with Lang and Hillary Scott)
Release date: 2003
Label: Center Hill
— — —
I Have Arrived
Release date: 2004
Label: Center Hill
— — —
Young at Heart
Release date: December 4, 2007
Label: Center Hill
— — —
Love Remains
(as Hillary Scott & the Scott Family)
Release date: July 29, 2016
Label: EMI Records Nashville
2 7 —
"—" denotes releases that did not chart
Singles[edit]
As Skip & Linda[edit]
Year
Single
Peak positions
Album
US Country
1982
"If You Could See You Through My Eyes"
63 N/A
"I Just Can't Turn Temptation Down"
73
"This Time"
89
Solo[edit]
Year
Single
Peak chart
positions
Album
US Country
[7]
CAN Country
1988
"All the Good Ones Are Taken"
50 — N/A
1989
"Back in the Swing Again"
51 —
"Weak Nights"
67 —
1991
"In a Different Light"
61 — In a Different Light
"Some Kinda Woman"
68 —
"Three Way Tie"
— —
1992
"There's Something 'Bout Loving You"[8]
— — Linda Davis
"He Isn't My Affair Anymore"[9]
— —
1994
"Company Time"
43 73 Shoot for the Moon
"Love Didn't Do It"
58 —
1995
"Some Things Are Meant to Be"
13 13 Some Things Are Meant to Be
1996
"A Love Story in the Making"
33 22
"Walk Away"
— 80
1998
"I Wanna Remember This"
20 31 Black Dog (soundtrack)
1999
"I'm Yours"
38 52 I'm Yours
"From the Inside Out"
60 —
"—" denotes releases that did not chart
As Hillary Scott & the Scott Family[edit]
Year
Single
Peak chart positions
Album
US Country
US Christ
US Christ Airplay
US Bubble
2016
"Thy Will"
27 1 1 12 Love Remains
Guest singles[edit]
Year
Single
Artist
Peak chart positions
Album
US Country
CAN Country
UK
1993
"Does He Love You"
Reba McEntire 1 1 — Greatest Hits Volume Two
1999 — — 62 Moments and Memories: The Best of Reba
"—" denotes releases that did not chart
Music videos[edit]
Year
Video
Director
1989
"Weak Nights"[10]
Larry Boothby
1990
"In a Different Light"
Greg Crutcher
1991
"Three Way Tie"
Jack Cole
1992
"He Isn't My Affair Anymore"
1993
"Does He Love You" (with Reba McEntire)
Jon Small
1994
"Company Time"
"Love Didn't Do It"
1995
"Some Things Are Meant to Be"
Steven Goldmann
"On My Own" (with Reba McEntire,
Martina McBride and Trisha Yearwood)
Dominic Orlando
1998
"I Wanna Remember This"
Steven T. Miller/R. Brad Murano
"I'm Yours"
Morgan Lawley
1999
"From the Inside Out"
Tara Johns
2016
"Thy Will" (with Hillary Scott & the Scott Family)[11]
Shane Drake
Awards and nominations[edit]
Year
Association
Category
Nominated Work
Result
1988 Academy of Country Music Awards Top New Female Vocalist Linda Davis Nominated
1993 Top Vocal Duet Linda Davis and Reba McEntire Nominated
Single of the Year Does He Love You (with Reba McEntire) Nominated
Song of the Year Nominated
Video of the Year Nominated
1994 Grammy Awards Best Country Collaboration with Vocals Won
Country Music Association Awards Video of the Year Nominated
Single of the Year Nominated
Vocal Event of the Year Won
1996 On My Own (with Reba McEntire, Martina McBride and Trisha Yearwood) Nominated
38th Grammy Awards Best Country Collaboration with Vocals Nominated
2009 Texas Country Music Hall of Fame Inductee Linda Davis Won
2017 Grammy Awards Best Contemporary Christian Album Love Remains (with Hillary Scott) Won
Best Contemporary Christian Performance/Song Thy Will Won
Billboard Music Awards Top Christian Song Won
References[edit]
Jump up ^ https://www.yahoo.com/music/billboard-music-awards-2017-complete-001323912.html
Jump up ^ Huey, Steve. "Linda Davis biography". Allmusic. Retrieved October 28, 2008.
Jump up ^ Stambler, I.; Landon, G. (2000). Country Music: The Encyclopedia. St. Martin's Press. p. 122. ISBN 9780312264871. Retrieved April 13, 2015.
Jump up ^ http://www.homecomingmagazine.com/article/treasures-linda-davis/ In January 29, 2011 interview she says we have been married for almost 27 years so 2011-27=1984
Jump up ^ Huey, Steve. "Linda Davis biography". Allmusic. Retrieved October 28, 2008.
Jump up ^ Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. p. 44. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved April 13, 2015.
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (2008). Hot Country Songs 1944 to 2008. Record Research, Inc. p. 117. ISBN 0-89820-177-2.
Jump up ^ "Single Reviews" (PDF). Billboard. February 22, 1992.
Jump up ^ "Single Reviews" (PDF). Billboard. June 6, 1992.
Jump up ^ "New Videoclips" (PDF). Billboard. June 3, 1989.
Jump up ^ "CMT : Videos : Hillary Scott : Thy Will". Country Music Television. Retrieved June 20, 2016.
External links[edit]
Official website
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
ISNI: 0000 0001 1462 2482
LCCN: n95027797
MusicBrainz: f6b997e7-3a71-4f39-98cc-3a1eccbf0a99
NKC: xx0044513
VIAF: 85581974
[hide]
v
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Linda Davis
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Linda Davis
Shoot for the Moon
Some Things Are Meant to Be
I'm Yours
Love Remains (w/ the Scott family)
Notable singles
"Some Things Are Meant to Be"
"A Love Story in the Making"
"I Wanna Remember This"
"I'm Yours"
Guest singles
"Does He Love You" (with Reba McEntire)
Related articles
Hillary Scott (daughter)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Linda_Davis&oldid=836433937"
Categories:
1962 births
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Spongocoel
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
A spongocoel (/ˈspɒŋɡoʊˌsiːl/[1]) is the large, central cavity of sponges. Water enters the spongocoel through hundreds of tiny pores (Ostia) and exits through the larger opening (osculum). Depending on the body plan of the sponge (which can be asconoid, syconoid, or leuconoid), the spongocoel could be a simple interior space of the sponge or a complexly branched inner structure. Regardless of body plan or class, the spongocoel is lined with choanocytes, which have flagella that push water through the spongocoel, creating a current.
The spongocoel is lined by a variety of cell types, each lending a unique function[2]:
Porococytes--These cells line the pores of the sponge. They are the structure through which water is taken into the organism.
Choanocytes--These cells exhibit flagella that create inward currents of water for the sponge's stationary filter feeding mechanism.
Amoebocytes--These are motile cells that perform various digestive functions within the sponge by transporting/storing food and excreting waste.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Spongocoel". Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House. Retrieved 2016-01-24.
Jump up ^ "THE PHYLUM PORIFERA". people.eku.edu. Retrieved 2017-02-22.

This poriferan- (or sponge-) related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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text:
Southern Europe
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Geographic features of Southern European countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea
Southern Europe is the southern region of the European continent. Most definitions of Southern Europe, also known as Mediterranean Europe, includes Italy, Greece, Southern France, Spain, Turkey, Albania, the Adriatic coast of former Yugoslavia; Portugal is also usually included despite not having a coast in the Mediterranean.[1]
Southern Europe

European sub-regions according to EuroVoc (the thesaurus of the European Union). Southern Europe is marked yellow on this map.
Continent
Europe
Countries
Albania
Andorra
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatia
Greece
Italy
Kosovo
Macedonia
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey (part)
Vatican City
Population (2017)
• Total
159,989,432
Different methods can be used to define Southern Europe, including its political, economic, and cultural attributes. Southern Europe can also be defined by its natural features — its geography, climate, and flora.
Contents
[hide]
1 Geography
2 Climate
3 Flora
4 Population
4.1 Largest urban areas
5 History
5.1 Early history
5.2 Post-Middle Ages
5.3 20th century
6 Languages
6.1 Romance languages
6.2 Other languages
7 Transport
7.1 Road transport
7.2 Air transport
8 Religion
9 Other classifications
10 See also
11 Notes
12 References
Geography[edit]
Geographically, Southern Europe is the southern half of the landmass of Europe. This definition is relative, although largely based in history, culture, climate, and flora which is shared across the region. It includes southwestern Europe: the Iberian Peninsula (Portugal and Spain) and southern France, including the minor territories of Andorra, Gibraltar, and Monaco. It also includes Italy in South-Central and the micro-states of San Marino and the Vatican City. It includes mostly just Greece in Southeastern Europe. However, Albania, Montenegro, the coast of Croatia and the southern tips of Bosnia and Herzegovina and East Thrace in European Turkey can be considered part of southern Europe according to some authors.[2][3][4]
The Major islands in the region are Sardinia, Sicily, Corsica, Crete, and the Balearic islands and the Island countries of Cyprus and Malta.
Climate[edit]
Southern Europe's most emblematic climate is that of the Mediterranean climate , which has become a typically known characteristic of the area, which is due to the large subtropical semi-permanent centre of high atmospheric pressure found, not in the Mediterranean itself, but in the Atlantic Ocean, the Azores High. The Mediterranean climate covers much of Portugal, Spain, Southeast France, Italy, Albania, Greece, the Western and Southern coastal regions of Turkey as well as the Mediterranean islands. Those areas of Mediterranean climate present similar vegetations and landscapes throughout, including dry hills, small plains, pine forests and olive trees.
Cooler climates can be found in certain parts of Southern European countries, for example within the mountain ranges of Spain and Italy. Additionally, the north coast of Spain experiences a wetter Atlantic climate.
Flora[edit]
The European floristic regions
Mediterranean agriculture in coastal and peri-coastal regions
Southern Europe's flora is that of the Mediterranean Region, one of the phytochoria recognized by Armen Takhtajan. The Mediterranean and Submediterranean climate regions in Europe are found in much of Southern Europe, mainly in Southern Portugal, most of Spain, the southern coast of France, Italy, the Croatian coast, much of Bosnia, Montenegro, Kosovo, Serbia, Albania, Macedonia, Greece, and the Mediterranean islands.[5]
Population[edit]
Country
Area
(km²)
Population[6]
(2016 est.)
Population
density
(per km²)
Capital
Albania 28,748 2,926,348 111.1 Tirana
Andorra 468 77,281 179.8 Andorra la Vella
Croatia 56,594 4,213,265 81 Zagreb
France (Provence, coastal Languedoc, Northern Catalonia and Corsica) 62,464 7,940,808 127.1 Paris
Gibraltar (UK) 6.8 34,408 4,328 Gibraltar
Greece 131,990 11,183,716 85.3 Athens
Italy 301,338 59,429,938 200.5 Rome
Malta 316 429,362 1,306.8 Valletta
Montenegro 13,812 628,615 50 Podgorica
Portugal 92,090 10,371,627 114 Lisbon
San Marino 61 33,203 501 City of San Marino
Spain 504,030 46,347,576 93 Madrid
Turkey (East Thrace) 23,764 10,620,739 446.9 Ankara
Vatican City 0.44 801 1877 Vatican City
Largest urban areas[edit]
Rank
Urban Area
State
Population[7]
Density
(per km²)
1 İstanbul (European part) Turkey 8,963,431 2,620
2 Madrid Spain 6,171,000 4,600
3 Milan Italy 5,257,000 2,800
4 Barcelona Spain 4,693,000 4,300
5 Rome Italy 3,906,000 3,400
6 Naples Italy 3,706,000 3,600
7 Athens Greece 3,484,000 5,000
8 Lisbon Portugal 2,666,000 2,800
9 Marseille France 1,578,000 3,600
10 Valencia Spain 1,570,000 5,700
History[edit]
Early history[edit]
Partition of the Roman Empire.
The period known as classical antiquity began with the rise of the city-states of Ancient Greece. Greek influence reached its zenith under the expansive empire of Alexander the Great, spreading throughout Asia.
The Roman Empire came to dominate the entire Mediterranean basin in a vast empire based on Roman law and Roman legions. It promoted trade, tolerance, and Greek culture. By 300 AD the Roman Empire was divided into the Western Roman Empire based in Rome, and the Eastern Roman Empire based in Constantinople. The attacks of the Germanic peoples of Northern Europe led to the Fall of the Western Roman Empire in AD 476, a date which traditionally marks the end of the classical period and the start of the Middle Ages.
During the Middle Ages, the Eastern Roman Empire survived, though modern historians refer to this state as the Byzantine Empire. In Western Europe, Germanic peoples moved into positions of power in the remnants of the former Western Roman Empire and established kingdoms and empires of their own.
The period known as the Crusades, a series of religiously motivated military expeditions originally intended to bring the Levant back into Christian rule, began. Several Crusader states were founded in the eastern Mediterranean. These were all short-lived. The Crusaders would have a profound impact on many parts of Europe. Their Sack of Constantinople in 1204 brought an abrupt end to the Byzantine Empire. Though it would later be re-established, it would never recover its former glory. The Crusaders would establish trade routes that would develop into the Silk Road and open the way for the merchant republics of Genoa and Venice to become major economic powers. The Reconquista, a related movement, worked to reconquer Iberia for Christendom.
The Late Middle Ages represented a period of upheaval in Europe. The epidemic known as the Black Death and an associated famine caused demographic catastrophe in Europe as the population plummeted. Dynastic struggles and wars of conquest kept many of the states of Europe at war for much of the period. In the Balkans, the Ottoman Empire, a Turkish state originating in Anatolia, encroached steadily on former Byzantine lands, culminating in the Fall of Constantinople in 1453.
Post-Middle Ages[edit]
Beginning roughly in the 14th century in Florence, and later spreading through Europe with the development of the printing press, a Renaissance of knowledge challenged traditional doctrines in science and theology, with the Arabic texts and thought[8] bringing about rediscovery of classical Greek and Roman knowledge.
The Reconquista of Portugal and Spain led to a series of oceanic explorations resulting in the Age of Discovery that established direct links with Africa, the Americas, and Asia, while religious wars continued to be fought in Europe, which ended in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia. The Spanish crown maintained its hegemony in Europe and was the leading power on the continent until the signing of the Treaty of the Pyrenees, which ended a conflict between Spain and France that had begun during the Thirty Years' War. An unprecedented series of major wars and political revolutions took place around Europe and indeed the world in the period between 1610 and 1700. Observers at the time, and many historians since, have argued that wars caused the revolutions.[9] Galileo Galilei, invented the telescope and the thermometer which allowed him to observe and describe the solar system. Leonardo da Vinci painted the most famous work in the world.[10] Guglielmo Marconi invented the radio.[11]
European overseas expansion led to the rise of colonial empires, producing the Columbian Exchange.[12] The combination of resource inflows from the New World and the Industrial Revolution of Great Britain, allowed a new economy based on manufacturing instead of subsistence agriculture.[13]
The period between 1815 and 1871 saw a large number of revolutionary attempts and independence wars. Balkan nations began to regain independence from the Ottoman Empire. Italy unified into a nation state. The capture of Rome in 1870 ended the Papal temporal power. Rivalry in a scramble for empires spread in what is known as The Age of Empire.
20th century[edit]
The outbreak of World War I in 1914 was precipitated by the rise of nationalism in Southeastern Europe as the Great Powers took up sides. The Allies defeated the Central Powers in 1918. During the Paris Peace Conference the Big Four imposed their terms in a series of treaties, especially the Treaty of Versailles.
The Nazi regime under Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, and along with Mussolini's Italy sought to gain control of the continent by the Second World War. Following the Allied victory in the Second World War, Europe was divided by the Iron Curtain. The countries in Southeastern Europe were dominated by the Soviet Union and became communist states. The major non-communist Southern European countries joined a US-led military alliance (NATO) and formed the European Economic Community amongst themselves. The countries in the Soviet sphere of influence joined the military alliance known as the Warsaw Pact and the economic bloc called Comecon. Yugoslavia was neutral.
Italy became a major industrialized country again, due to its post-war economic miracle. The European Union (EU) involved the division of powers, with taxation, health and education handled by the nation states, while the EU had charge of market rules, competition, legal standards and environmentalism. The Soviet economic and political system collapsed, leading to the end of communism in the satellite countries in 1989, and the dissolution of the Soviet Union itself in 1991. As a consequence, Europe's integration deepened, the continent became depolarised, and the European Union expanded to subsequently include many of the formerly communist European countries – Romania and Bulgaria (2007) and Croatia (2013).
Languages[edit]
See also: Languages of Europe
The following table shows the languages in Southern Europe that are spoken by at least five million people in the region:
Language
Speakers[a]
Principal Southern European
country / countries
Italian 60,000,000+ [14] Italy
Spanish 46,000,000+ [15] Spain
Serbo-Croatian 20,000,000+ [16] Serbia
Croatia
Bosnia
Montenegro
Kosovo
Greek 13,000,000+ [17] Greece
Cyprus
Albania
Turkish 11,000,000+ [18][19] Turkey
Northern Cyprus
Portuguese 10,000,000+[20] Portugal
Catalan 10,000,000+ [21][22] Spain
Andorra
France
Italy
Albanian 7,000,000+[23] Albania
Kosovo
Macedonia
Montenegro
Greece
Italy
Romance languages[edit]
The most widely spoken family of languages in Southern Europe are the Romance languages, the heirs of Latin, which have spread from the Italian peninsula, and are emblematic of Southwestern Europe. (See the Latin Arch.) By far the most common Romance languages in Southern Europe are Italian (spoken by over 50 million people in Italy, San Marino, and the Vatican) and Spanish, which is spoken by over 40 million people in Spain and Gibraltar. Other common Romance languages include Romanian (spoken in Romania and Moldova), Portuguese (spoken in Portugal), Catalan (spoken in eastern Spain), Galician (spoken in northwestern Spain) and Occitan, which is spoken in the Val d'Aran in Catalonia, in the Occitan Valleys in Italy and finally in southern France.
Other languages[edit]
The Hellenic languages or Greek language are widely spoken in Greece and in the Greek part of Cyprus. Additionally, other varieties of Greek are spoken in small communities in parts of other European counties.
Several South Slavic languages are spoken by millions of people in Southern Europe. Serbian is spoken in Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia, and Croatia; Bulgarian is spoken in Bulgaria; Croatian is spoken in Croatia and Bosnia; Bosnian is spoken in Bosnia; Slovene is spoken in Slovenia; and Macedonian is spoken in Macedonia.
English is used as a second language in parts of Southern Europe. As a primary language, however, English has only a small presence in Southern Europe, only in Gibraltar (alongside Spanish) and Malta (secondary to Maltese).
There are other language groupings in Southern Europe. Albanian is spoken in Albania, Kosovo, Macedonia, and parts of Greece. Maltese is a Semitic language that is the official language of Malta, descended from Siculo-Arabic, but written in the Latin script with heavy Latin and Italian influences. The Basque language is spoken in the Basque Country, a region in northern Spain and southwestern France.
Transport[edit]
Road transport[edit]
This is a list of Southern European countries by total road network size.
Rank
Country
Road length (km)
Motorway length (km)
Date of
information
1 Spain 683,175 16,583 2013
2 Italy 487,700 6,758 2013
3 Turkey 426,906 2,289 2010
4 Greece 116,986 2,520 2017
5 Portugal 82,900 2,992 2013
6 Serbia 44,248 620 2013
7 Slovenia 43,670 612 2007
8 Croatia 29,410 1,254 2011
9 Bosnia and Herzegovina 23,897 2012
10 Cyprus 20,006 249 2011
Air transport[edit]
The following table shows the busiest airports in Southern Europe in 2016.
Rank
Country
Airport
City
Passengers (2015)
Passengers (2016)
Change
2015-2016
1 Turkey İstanbul Atatürk Airport İstanbul 61,322,729 60,119,215 02.0%
2 Spain Barajas Airport Madrid 46,824,838[24] 50,420,583[24] 07.7%
3 Spain Barcelona El Prat Airport Barcelona 39,711,237[24]
44,154,693[24]|| 011.2%
4 Italy Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport Rome 40,463,208[25] 41,744,769[25] 03.2%
5 Spain Palma de Mallorca Airport Palma de Mallorca 23,745,023[24] 26,253,882[24] 010.6%
6 Portugal Lisbon Portela Airport Lisbon 20,090,418[26] 22,449,289[26] 011.7%
7 Greece Athens International Airport Athens 18,087,377[27] 20,017,530[27] 010.7%
8 Italy Malpensa Airport Milan 18,582,043[25] 19,420,690[25] 04.5%
9 Spain Málaga Airport Málaga 14,404,206[24] 16,672,776[24] 015.7%
10 France Nice Côte d'Azur Airport Nice 12,016,730[28] 12,427,427[28] 03.4%
Religion[edit]
The religious distribution in 1054[29]
The predominant religion in Southern Europe is Christianity. Christianity spread throughout Southern Europe during the Roman Empire, and Christianity was adopted as the official religion of the Roman Empire in the year 380 AD. Due to the historical break of the Church into the western half based in Rome and the eastern half based in Constantinople, different denominations of Christianity are prominent in different parts of Europe. Christians in the western half of Southern Europe — e.g., Portugal, Spain, Italy — are generally Roman Catholic. Christians in the eastern half of Southern Europe — e.g., Greece, Macedonia — are generally Greek Orthodox.
Additionally, there are countries in the eastern part of Southern Europe (e.g., Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, Turkey), where Islam is widely practiced.
Other classifications[edit]
European Travel Commission classification
European Travel Commission divides the European region on the basis of Tourism Decision Metrics (TDM) model. Countries which belong to the Southern/Mediterranean Europe are:[30]
Albania
Bulgaria
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatia
Cyprus
Italy
Greece
Macedonia
Malta
Montenegro
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey
See also[edit]
Geography portal
Europe portal
Mediterranean portal
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Southern Europe.
Mediterranean Basin
Southeast Europe
Northern Europe
Western Europe
EU Med Group
Eurovoc#Southern Europe
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Both native and second language speakers residing in Southern Europe only.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Encyclopedia of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Dr Alan Barnard and Jonathan Spence. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
Jump up ^ Article in Britannica
Jump up ^ BBC
Jump up ^ Library of Congress. Cataloging Policy and Support Office, Library of Congress Subject Headings
Jump up ^ Wolfgang Frey and Rainer Lösch; Lehrbuch der Geobotanik. Pflanze und Vegetation in Raum und Zeit. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, München 2004
Jump up ^ "World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision". ESA.UN.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 10 September 2017.
Jump up ^ United Nations: World Urbanization Prospects
Jump up ^ e.g. Averroes#Commentaries on Aristotle and Plato written in the 12th century, which was mentioned in Divine Comedy IV:144 around 1320 AD
Jump up ^ Geoffrey Parker, "States Make War But Wars Also Break States,"Journal of Military History (2010) 74#1 pp 11–34
Jump up ^ John Lichfield, The Moving of the Mona Lisa, The Independent, 2005-04-02 (accessed 2012-03-09)
Jump up ^ Sungook Hong, Wireless: From Marconi's Black-box to the Audion, MIT Press - 2001, page 1
Jump up ^ Richard J. Mayne. "history of Europe:: The Middle Ages". Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Retrieved 18 April 2009.
Jump up ^ Steven Kreis (11 October 2006). "The Origins of the Industrial Revolution in England". Historyguide.org. Retrieved 31 January 2010.
Jump up ^ Italian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Jump up ^ Spanish at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Jump up ^ Mikael Parkvall, "Världens 100 största språk 2007" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007), in Nationalencyklopedin
Jump up ^ Greek at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Jump up ^ European Turkey Population
Jump up ^ Northern Cyprus
Jump up ^ Portuguese at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Jump up ^ Catalan News Agency - Number of Catalan speakers rising despite adverse context
Jump up ^ Informe sobre la Situació de la Llengua Catalana | Xarxa CRUSCAT. Coneixements, usos i representacions del català
Jump up ^ Mate Kapović, ed. (2017). The Indo-European Languages (2nd ed.). Routledge. p. 552. ISBN 978-1-315-67855-9.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h http://www.aena.es/csee/Satellite?pagename=Estadisticas/Home
^ Jump up to: a b c d http://www.assaeroporti.com/statistiche/
^ Jump up to: a b Portugal Airport Statistics
^ Jump up to: a b http://www.aia.gr/company-and-business/the-company/facts-and-figures/
^ Jump up to: a b http://corporate.nice.aeroport.fr/About-us/NEWS-MEDIA/Statistics/Monthly-Statistics-Reports2
Jump up ^ Dragan Brujić (2005). "Vodič kroz svet Vizantije (Guide to the Byzantine World)". Beograd. p. 51. [dead link]
Jump up ^ European Tourism in 2014: Trends & Prospects (Q3/2014), page 15
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VIAF: 235920934
GND: 4078023-5
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern_Europe&oldid=804784463"
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