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Election Commission of India
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This article is about the body which oversees elections in India. For similar title in other jurisdictions, see Election Commission.
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Election Commission of India
The official logo Election Commission of India
Commission overview
Formed
25 January 1950 (Later celebrated as National Voters Day)
Jurisdiction
India
Headquarters
Nirvachan Sadan, Ashoka Road, New Delhi[1]
28°37′26″N 77°12′41″E / 28.623902°N 77.21140000000003°E / 28.623902; 77.21140000000003Coordinates: 28°37′26″N 77°12′41″E / 28.623902°N 77.21140000000003°E / 28.623902; 77.21140000000003
Employees
Around 300[2]
Commission executives
Om Prakash Rawat, IAS, Chief Election Commissioner of India
Sunil Arora, IAS, Election Commissioner of India
Ashok Lavasa, IAS, Election Commissioner of India
Website
Official Website
India
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The Election Commission of India is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering election processes in India. The body administers elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, state Legislative Assemblies in India, and the offices of the President and Vice President in the country.[2][3] The Election Commission operates under the authority of Constitution per Article 324,[4] and subsequently enacted Representation of the People Act.[5] The Commission has the powers under the Constitution, to act in an appropriate manner when the enacted laws make insufficient provisions to deal with a given situation in the conduct of an election. Being a constitutional authority, Election Commission is amongst the few institutions which function with both autonomy and freedom, along with the country’s higher judiciary, the Union Public Service Commission and the Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
Contents
[hide]
1 Structure
1.1 Removal from office
2 Functions
3 Modernisation
4 Criticism
5 2017 Hackathon
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Structure[edit]
See also: Chief Election Commissioner of India and Election Commissioner of India
Originally in 1950, the commission had only a Chief Election Commissioner. Two additional Commissioners were appointed to the commission for the first time on 16 October 1989 but they had a very short tenure, ending on 1 January 1990. The Election Commissioner Amendment Act, 1989 made the Commission a multi-member body. The concept of a 3-member Commission has been in operation since then, with the decisions being made by a majority vote.[2] The Chief Election Commissioner and the two Election Commissioners who are usually retired IAS officers draw salaries and allowances as per with those of the Judges of the Supreme Court of India as per the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners (Conditions of Service) Rules, 1992.[6]
The Commission is served by its Secretariat located in New Delhi.[2] The Election Commissioners are assisted by Deputy Election Commissioners, who are generally IAS officers. They are further assisted by Directors General, Principal Secretaries, and Secretaries and Under Secretaries.[2][7]
At the state level, Election Commission is assisted by the Chief Electoral Officer of the State, who is an IAS officer of Principal Secretary rank. At the district and constituency levels, the District Magistrates (in their capacity as District Election Officers), Electoral Registration Officers and Returning Officers perform election work.[2][7]
Removal from office[edit]
The Chief Election Commissioner of India can be removed from his office similar to the removal of a judge of the Supreme Court of India which requires a resolution passed by the Parliament with a two-thirds majority in both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha on the grounds of proved misbehavior or incapacity. Other Election Commissioners can be removed by the President of India on the recommendation of the Chief Election Commissioner. A Chief Election Commissioner has never been impeached in India. In 2009, just before the 2009 Lok Sabha Elections, Chief Election Commissioner N. Gopalaswami sent a recommendation to President Prathibha Patil to remove Election Commissioner Navin Chawla, who was soon to take office as the Chief Election Commissioner and to subsequently supervise the Lok Sabha Election, citing his partisan behavior in favor of one political party.[8] The President opined that such a recommendation is not binding on the President, and hence rejected it.[9] Subsequently, after Gopalswami's retirement the next month, Chawla became the Chief Election Commissioner and supervised the 2009 Lok Sabha Elections.[10]
Functions[edit]
See also: Election Commission of India's Model Code of Conduct
One of the most important features of the democratic policy is elections at regular intervals. Holding periodic free and fair elections are essentials of a democratic system and a part of the basic structure of the Constitution. The Election Commission is regarded as the guardian of elections in the country. In every election, it issues a Model code of Conduct for political parties and candidates to conduct elections in a free and fair manner. The Commission issued the code for the first time in 1971 for the 5th Lok Sabha elections and revised it from time to time. It lays down guidelines for the conduct of political parties and candidates during an election period. However, there have been instances of violation of the code by various political parties with complaints being received for misuse of official machinery by the candidates.[11][12] The code does not have any specific statutory basis but only a persuasive effect.[11][12] It contains the rules of electoral morality.[11][12] However, this lack of statutory backing does not prevent the Commission from enforcing it.[11][12][13][14][15]
A law regarding the registration process for political parties was enacted in 1989 and a number of parties got registered with the Commission.[16] The registration helps avoid confusion ensures that the political parties are brought under the purview of the commission.
The election commission has the right to allow symbols to the political parties. It gives recognition to the national parties, state parties and regional parties. It set limits on poll expenses. The commission prepare electoral rolls and update the voter's list from time to time. Notifications of dates and schedules of election for filing nominations are issued by the commission. It is noteworthy that Election commission cannot allot same symbol to two regional political parties even if they are not in the same state.[17]
The Commission can issue an order for prohibition of publication and disseminating of results of opinion polls or exit polls to prevent influencing the voting trends in the electorate.[18][19][20]
To curb the growing influence of money during elections, the Election Commission has made many suggestions and changes in this regard. The Commission has appointed IRS officers of the Income Tax Department as Election Observers (Expenditure) of all elections and has fixed the legal limits on the amount of money which a candidate can spend during election campaigns.[21][22] These limits have been revised over time. The Election Commission, by appointing expenditure observers from the Indian Revenue Service, keeps an eye on the individual account of election expenditure. The commission takes details of the candidate's assets on affidavit at the time of submitting nomination paper, who are also required to give details of their expenditure within 30 days of the declaration of results. The campaign period has also been reduced by the Commission from 21 to 14 days for Lok Sabha and Assembly elections to cut down election expenditure.[23][24]
In an attempt to decriminalise politics, the Election Commission has approached the Supreme Court to put a lifetime ban on convicted politicians from contesting elections.[25][26]
Modernisation[edit]
The Election Commission had tried to bring improvements in election procedures by the introduction of Electronic voting machines or EVMs. It was thought that these would reduce malpractices and improve efficiency. It was first tried out on an experimental basis in the state of Kerala for the 1982 Legislative Assembly Elections. After a successful testing and the legal inquiries, the Commission took the decision to begin the use of these voting machines.[27] The Election Commission launched a web site of its own on 28 February 1998 in order to provide accurate information, management, administration and instant results of the elections. In an effort to prevent electoral fraud, in 1993, EPICs or Electors Photo Identity Cards were issued, which became mandatory by the 2004 elections. However ration cards have been allowed for election purposes in certain situations.[28] In 1998, the Commission decided on a programme for the 'computerisation' of the electoral rolls. The introduction of Voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT) in eight Lok Sabha constituencies in 2014 Indian General Elections was a big achievement for the Election Commission.[29] This Voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT) system was first used with EVMs in a by-poll in September 2013 in Noksen (Assembly Constituency) in Nagaland.[30] and eventually in all elections from September 2013 onwards in various Legislative elections in the country.
NOTA symbol in India
In 2014, None of the above or NOTA was also added as an option on the voting machines which is now a mandatory option to be provided in any election.[31][32] The specific symbol for NOTA, a ballot paper with a black cross across it, was introduced on 18 September 2015. The symbol has been designed by National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad.[33][34] With the Bihar Legislative Assembly election, 2015 , the state became the first to have photo electoral rolls, with photographs of the candidates on the EVMs.[35][36]
Criticism[edit]
The Election Commission of India came under severe criticism when an RTI application filed by activist Dr Satendra Singh revealed the commission's ill-preparedness to safeguard electors with disabilities in the 2014 Lok Sabha elections.[37] There were many violations of the Supreme Court order from 2014 to enfranchise persons with disabilities.[38]
2017 Hackathon[edit]
Election Commission organised an open hackathon on 3 June at 10 am, to attempt hacking of Electronic Voting Machine used by the Commission in various Indian elections.[39][40] The NCP and CPI(M) were the only two parties that registered for the event but none of them participated.[41] Functioning of EVMs and VVPAT machines were demonstrated to the teams.[40][41]
See also[edit]
Chief Election Commissioner of India
Election Commissioners of India
Elections in India
India International Institute of Democracy and Election Management (IIIDEM)
Lawmaking procedure in India
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Contact Us". Election Commission of India. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "About ECI". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Presidential and Vice-Presidential Elections Act, 1952 (Act No. 31 of 1952)" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 14 March 1952. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Part XV of the Constitution of India - Elections - Article 324" (PDF). Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Representation of the People Act, 1951" (PDF). Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Election Commission (Conditions of Service of Election Commissioners and Transaction of Business) Act, 1991 (Act No. 11 of 1991)" (PDF). Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India. 25 January 1991. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Laxmikanth, M (2017). Indian Polity. McGraw Hill. p. 42.5. ISBN 9789352603633.
Jump up ^ Ram, N. (31 January 2009). "Chief Election Commissioner Gopalaswami 'recommends' removal of Navin Chawla". The Hindu. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "President rejects Gopalaswami's report against Navin Chawla". The Hindu. 2 March 2009. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "A job well done". The Hindu. 15 May 2009. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Chhibber, Maneesh (5 November 2015). "Model Code is only moral code, but carries weight". The Indian Express. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Joyita (14 April 2014). "Model Code of Conduct and the 2014 General Elections". PRS Legislative Research. Retrieved 9 September 2017. CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link)
Jump up ^ Iqbal, Aadil Ikram Zaki (4 January 2017). "UP poll dates announced, results on March 11". India. Essel Group. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Election Commission enforces model code of conduct in Manipur". Hindustan Times. 5 January 2017. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Sharma, Test (10 October 2007). "Gujarat, Himachal get dates for Assembly polls". News18. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Registration of political parties under section 29A of the Representation of the People Act, 1951" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 23 March 1992. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Handbook of Symbols, 2004" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 2004. Clause 9. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Subject - Guidelines for Publication and Dissemination of Results of Opinion Polls/Exit Polls". Election Commission of India. 20 January 1998. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Election Commission bans exit polls in election-bound states". The Times of India. 29 January 2017. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Chopra, Ritika (16 February 2017). "Exit polls and why they are restricted by the panel: All your questions answered". The Indian Express. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Kumar, Pradeep (23 March 2017). "RK Nagar byelection: Observers appointed". The Times of India. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Deployment of observers in RK Nagar a new national record: Election Commission". The New Indian Express. 31 March 2017. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Chandrakant, Nagnath (29 April 2010). "Role Of Election Commission". Legal Services India. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Function (Electoral System)". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Anand, Utkarsh (21 March 2017). "Election Commission supports lifetime ban on convicts from contesting". The Indian Express. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Rautray, Samanwaya (15 September 2016). "Lifetime ban on convicted netas: Supreme Court seeks Center, Election Commission's views". The Economic Times. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "A Constitutional Body". Election Commission of India.
Jump up ^ "When using ration card as identity proof,entire family should vote". The Indian Express. 8 October 2009. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "India devises flawless ballot mechanism". The News International. 19 December 2013. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Singh, Bikash (4 September 2013). "VVPAT used or the first time in Noksen bypolls". The Economic Times. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Joshua, Anita (13 October 2013). "Election Commission okays NOTA option". The Hindu. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "NOTA to be provided in general elections". The Times of India. 5 March 2014. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Now, 'NOTA' has an electoral symbol too". Daily News and Analysis. 18 September 2015. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Jain, Bharti (18 September 2015). "'None of the Above' option on EVMS to carry its own symbol from Bihar polls". The Times of India. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Shivadekar, Sanjeev (30 March 2015). "Now, photos of candidates on EVMs to weed out 'dummies'". Times of India. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Virk, Aviral (21 September 2015). "Contesting the Bihar Polls? Dummy Candidates Beware". The Quint. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Gohain, Manash Pratim (27 January 2014). "Polls near, but no data of voters with disabilities". Times of India. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "विकलांगों के लिए गंभीर नहीं चुनाव आयोग" [Election Commission not serious about persons with disablities]. Punjab Kesari (in Hindi). 26 January 2014. Retrieved 9 September 2017. CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
Jump up ^ "AAP calls EC's EVM challenge 'farce', begins registration for its hackathon". The Economic Times. 3 June 2017. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Prabhu, Sunil (3 June 2017). Tikku, Aloke, ed. "The EVM (Vote Machine) 'Hackathons' That Weren't: 10 Points". NDTV. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "EVM 'hackathon' challenge: NCP, CPM didn't participate, but understood the process, says EC". Firstpost. 3 June 2017. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
External links[edit]
Official website
Links to Official Web Sites of Chief Electoral Officers of 28 States and 7 UTs
ECI's Online Voters List Options: 'Voter Name' search Parliamentary, Assembly constituency wise. Also one can get full Electoral Rolls 'Voting Booth' wise.
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List of NFL franchise post-season streaks
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This list includes the all-time and the active consecutive NFL playoff appearances. Aside from the NFL playoff appearance streaks, this list also includes Championship Game appearance streaks and the NFL championships win streak. Streaks from the AFL are also included.
The New England Patriots and the Green Bay Packers[1] hold the longest active consecutive playoff streak with 8 appearances, starting with the 2009–10 NFL playoffs. The Dallas Cowboys[2] hold the longest all-time consecutive playoff appearance record with nine appearances from 1975-1983. The Cowboys won one NFL championship during the streak. The Indianapolis Colts[3] tied this record with nine straight appearances and one championship from 2002-2010. The Green Bay Packers[4] hold the longest consecutive NFL title streak with three consecutive crowns. They did this once in the 1920s, before playoff games, and once in the 1960s, by winning seven playoff games during this three year championship streak.
The Patriots hold the record for most consecutive playoff games won. From 2001-2005, New England won 10 games in a row, including 3 Super Bowls. The Packers previously held the record for most consecutive playoff games won with 9. Dallas, Pittsburgh, Denver and San Francisco all have 7 game winning streaks.
Contents
[hide]
1 Active streaks
1.1 NFL Playoffs appearance streaks
1.2 NFL Playoffs win streaks
2 All-time streaks
2.1 Longest consecutive playoff appearance streak
2.2 NFL / AFL Playoff appearance streaks
2.3 Championship Game appearance streaks
2.4 Super Bowl appearance streaks
2.5 Championship Win Streaks
2.6 Super Bowl Win Streaks
3 Historical Team Streaks
3.1 Most consecutive post-season wins in team history
4 See also
5 References
Active streaks[edit]
NFL Playoffs appearance streaks[edit]
Appearance streaks updated through the 2016 NFL season.
0^0 Longest Streak in team history
0†0 Tied for Longest Streak in team history
List of 2016 Active Streaks [5]
Seasons
Team
Years
Division Crowns
won
during streak
Conference Titles
won
during streak
Super Bowls won
during streak
7000800000000000000♠8 New England Patriots^ 2009-16 0 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 20160 2011, 2014, 2016 AFC 2014 (XLIX), 2016 (LI)
7000800000000000000♠8 Green Bay Packers^ 2009-16 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016 2010 NFC 2010 (XLV)
7000500000000000000♠5 Seattle Seahawks † 2012-16 2013, 2014, 2016 2013, 2014 NFC 2013 (XLVIII)
7000300000000000000♠3 Pittsburgh Steelers 2014-16 2014, 2016 — —
7000200000000000000♠2 Houston Texans † 2015-16 2015, 2016 — —
7000200000000000000♠2 Kansas City Chiefs 2015-16 2016 — —
7000100000000000000♠1 Dallas Cowboys 2016 2016 — —
7000100000000000000♠1 Oakland Raiders 2016 — — —
7000100000000000000♠1 Atlanta Falcons 2016 2016 2016 NFC —
7000100000000000000♠1 New York Giants 2016 — — —
7000100000000000000♠1 Miami Dolphins 2016 — — —
7000100000000000000♠1 Detroit Lions 2016 — — —
NFL Playoffs win streaks[edit]
List of consecutive seasons a team has won at least one playoff game.
Win streaks updated thru the 2016-17 season.
0^0 Longest Streak in team history
0†0 Tied for Longest Streak in team history
Consecutive Seasons a Team has won at least one playoff game[5]
Seasons
Team
Years
Division Crowns
won
during streak
Conference Titles
won
during streak
Super Bowls won
during streak
7000600000000000000♠6 New England Patriots ^ 2011-16 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 2011, 2014, 2016 AFC 2014 (XLIX), 2016 (LI)
7000500000000000000♠5 Seattle Seahawks ^ 2012-16 2013, 2014, 2016 2013, 2014 NFC 2013 (XLVIII)
7000300000000000000♠3 Green Bay Packers 2014-16 2014, 2016 — —
7000200000000000000♠2 Pittsburgh Steelers 2015-16 2016 — —
7000100000000000000♠1 Houston Texans 2016 2016 — —
7000100000000000000♠1 Atlanta Falcons 2016 2016 2016 NFC —
All-time streaks[edit]
Longest consecutive playoff appearance streak[edit]
Streaks can be verified at Pro Football Reference.com Team Franchise Pages[6]
Streak Length
Seasons
Teams
Seasons
Teams
Seasons
Teams
9 Cowboys 5 Dolphins, 3 times 3 Lions, 2 times
Colts Bears Saints, 2 times
8 Steelers Eagles Falcons
Rams Seahawks, 2 times Panthers
49ers Ravens 2 Cardinals, 4 times
Patriots Bengals Texans, 2 times
Packers Broncos Jets, 5 times
7 Oilers (Titans) 4 Redskins
6 Browns (NFL) Giants
Raiders Chargers, 2 times
Vikings Jaguars
Bills Buccaneers
Chiefs
Teams' longest consecutive playoff appearances all time
1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s
5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Az Cards 2 Detroit Lions 3 NY Jets 2 Az Cards 2 NY Jets 2 NY Jets 2
Cleveland Browns Washington Redskins 4 Dallas Cowboys 9
AAFC 4 NFL 6 Pittsburgh Steelers 8 San Francisco 49ers thru 1990
Los Angeles Rams 8 Chicago Bears 5
Oakland Raiders 6
Minnesota Vikings 6 San Diego Chargers 4 0
Miami Dolphins 5 Miami Dolphins 5
Bold and light blue is an Active Streak
Teams' longest consecutive playoff appearances all time
1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Houston Oilers 7 Indianapolis Colts 9 Cincinnati Bengals 5
San Francisco 49ers 8 Jacksonville Jaguars 4 Philadelphia Eagles 5 New York Giants 4 Green Bay Packers 8
Kansas City Chiefs 6 Tampa Bay Bucs 4 New England Patriots 8
Detroit Lions 3 San Diego Chargers 4 Texans 2 Texans 2
Miami Dolphins 5 Buffalo Bills 6 Miami Dolphins 5 Baltimore Ravens 5
NY Jets 2 NY Jets 2 NY Jets 2 NY Jets 2 Denver Broncos 5
Chicago Bears 5 Az Cards 2 Atlanta Falcons 3 Az Cards 2
New Orleans Saints 3 New Orleans Saints 3 Carolina Panthers 3
Seattle Seahawks 5 Seattle Seahawks 5
1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
NFL / AFL Playoff appearance streaks[edit]
Appearance streaks up to and including the 2016–17 NFL playoff teams
When sorting, Indianapolis and Baltimore Colts are grouped together,
Los Angeles and St. Louis Rams are grouped together &
Oakland and Los Angeles Raiders are grouped together
0^0 Denotes active streak
NFL champions (1920–1969) AFL Champions (1960–1969) Super Bowl Champions (1970–present)
List of Streaks[5]
Seasons
Playoff Team
Streak Duration
Division Crowns won
during streak
League Championships
during streak
Wins
Seasons
9 Dallas Cowboys 1975-1983 5 197601976–1979, 19810 1977 (XII)
9 Indianapolis Colts 2002–2010 7 2003–2007,
2009–2010 2006 (XLI)
8 Dallas Cowboys 1966-1973 6 1967–1971, 1973 1971 (VI)
8 Pittsburgh Steelers 1972–1979 7 1972, 1974–1979 1974 (IX), 1975 (X),
1978 (XIII), 1979 (XIV)0
8 Los Angeles Rams 01 ! Los Angeles Rams 1973–1980 7 1973–1979 —
8 San Francisco 49ers 1983–1990 7 1983–1984, 1986–1990 1984 (XIX), 1988 (XXIII), 1989 (XXIV)
8^ New England Patriots 2009–2016 8 2009–2016 2014 (XLIX), 2016 (LI)
8^ Green Bay Packers 2009–2016 5 2011–2014, 2016 2010 (XLV)
7 Houston Oilers 1987–1993 2 1991, 1993 —
7 San Francisco 49ers 1992–1998 5 1992–1995, 1997 1994 (XXIX)
6 Cleveland Browns 1950–1955 6 1950–1955 [a] 1950, 1954. 1955
6 Oakland Raiders A ! Oakland Raiders 1972–1977 5 1972–1976 1976 (XI)
6 Minnesota Vikings 1973–1978 6 1973–1978 —
6 Buffalo Bills 1988–1993 5 1988–1991, 1993 —
6 Kansas City Chiefs 1990–1995 2 1993, 1995 —
6 Dallas Cowboys 1991-1996 5 1992–1996 1992 (XXVII), 1993 (XXVIII), 1995 (XXX)
6 Pittsburgh Steelers 1992–1997 5 1992, 1994–1997 —
6 Green Bay Packers 1993–1998 3 1995–1997 1996 (XXXI)
5 Miami Dolphins 1970–1974 4 1971–1974 1972 (VII), 1973 (VIII)
5 Miami Dolphins 1981–1985 4 1981, 1983–1985 —
5 Chicago Bears 1984–1988 5 1984–1988 1985 (XX)
5 Cleveland Browns 1985–1989 4 1985–1987, 1989 —
5 Minnesota Vikings 1996–2000 2 1998, 2000 —
5 Miami Dolphins 1997–2001 1 2000 —
5 Philadelphia Eagles 2000–2004 4 2001–2004 —
5 New England Patriots 2003–2007 5 2003–2007 2003 (XXXVIII), 2004 (XXXIX)
5 Seattle Seahawks 2003–2007 4 2004–2007
5 Baltimore Ravens 2008–2012 2 2011–2012 2012 (XLVII)
5 Cincinnati Bengals 2011–2015 2 2013, 2015 —
5 Denver Broncos 2011–2015 5 2011–2015 2015 (50)
5^ Seattle Seahawks 2012–2016 3 2013–2014, 2016 2013 (XLVIII)
4 Chicago Bears 1940–1943 4 1940–1943 1940, 1941, 1943
4 Los Angeles Rams 02 ! Los Angeles Rams 1949–1952 3 1949–1951 [b] 1951
4 Buffalo Bills 1963–1966 3 1964–1966 1964, 1965
4 Oakland Raiders B ! Oakland Raiders 1967–1970 4 1967–1970 1967
4 Minnesota Vikings 1968–1971 4 1968–1971 1969
4 Washington Redskins 1971–1974 1 1972 —
4 Philadelphia Eagles 1978–1981 1 1980 —
4 San Diego Chargers 1979–1982 3 1979–1981 —
4 Oakland Raiders C ! Los Angeles Raiders 1982–1985 3 1982–1983, 1985 1983 (XVIII)
4 Los Angeles Rams 03 ! Los Angeles Rams 1983–1986 1 1985 —
4 Jacksonville Jaguars 1996–1999 2 1998–1999 —
4 Tampa Bay Buccaneers 1999–2002 2 1999, 2002 2002 (XXXVII)
4 Green Bay Packers 2001–2004 3 2002–2004 —
4 New York Giants 2005–2008 2 2005, 2008 2007 (XLII)
4 San Diego Chargers 2006–2009 4 2006–2009 —
3 New York Giants 1933–1935 3 1933–1935 1934
3 Philadelphia Eagles 1947–1949 3 1947–1949 1948. 1949
3 Detroit Lions 1952–1954 3 1952–1954 1952, 1953
3 Green Bay Packers 1960–1962 3 1960–1962 1961, 1962
3 Houston Oilers 1960–1962 3 1960–1962 1960, 1961
3 New York Giants 1961–1963 3 1961–1963 —
3 San Diego Chargers 1963–1965 3 1963–1965 1963
3 Green Bay Packers 1965–1967 3 1965–1967 1965, 1966, 1967[c] 1966 (I), 1967 (II)
3 Cleveland Browns 1967–1969 3 1967–1969 —
3 San Francisco 49ers 1970–1972 3 1970–1972 —
3 Indianapolis Colts A ! Baltimore Colts 1975–1977 3 1975–1977 —
3 Denver Broncos 1977–1979 2 1977–1978 —
3 Houston Oilers 1978–1980 0 — —
3 Washington Redskins 1982–1984 3 1982–1984 1982 (XVII)
3 Pittsburgh Steelers 1982–1984 2 1983–1984 —
3 New York Giants 1984–1986 1 1986 1986 (XXI)
3 Minnesota Vikings 1987–1989 1 1989 —
3 Philadelphia Eagles 1988–1990 1 1988 —
3 Washington Redskins 1990–1992 1 1991 1991 (XXVI)
3 New Orleans Saints 1990–1992 1 1991 —
3 Minnesota Vikings 1992–1994 2 1992, 1994 —
3 Detroit Lions 1993–1995 1 1993 —
3 Denver Broncos 1996–1998 2 1996, 1998 1997 (XXXII), 1998 (XXXIII)
3 New England Patriots 1996–1998 2 1996–1997 —
3 Los Angeles Rams 04 ! St. Louis Rams 1999–2001 2 1999, 2001 1999 (XXXIV)
3 Oakland Raiders D ! Oakland Raiders 2000–2002 3 2000–2002 —
3 Denver Broncos 2003–2005 1 2005 —
3 Philadelphia Eagles 2008–2010 1 2010 —
3 New Orleans Saints 2009–2011 2 2009, 2011 2009 (XLIV)
3 Atlanta Falcons 2010–2012 2 2010, 2012 —
3 San Francisco 49ers 2011–2013 2 2011–2012 —
3 Indianapolis Colts 2012–2014 2 2013–2014 —
3 Carolina Panthers 2013–2015 3 2013–2015 —
3^ Pittsburgh Steelers 2014–2016 2 2014, 2016 —
Seasons
Team
Streak Duration
Division Crowns won
during streak
League Championships
during streak
Wins
Seasons
a No NFL Divisions from 1950-1966. Browns were American Conference Champs 1950-1952 and Eastern Champs 1953-1955.
b No NFL Divisions from 1950-1966. Rams were the National Conference Champs in 1950 & 1951.
c Super Bowls did not determine AFL or NFL League Champion before 1970 merger. Green Bay won the NFL Championships and the Super Bowls in the 1966 and 1967 seasons.
Championship Game appearance streaks[edit]
Championships from 1920-1969 seasons.
NFL champions (1920–1969) AFL Champions (1960–1969)
Streak References[5][7]
Team
Seasons
Championship game
appearance streak
Championships won
during streak
New York Giants 3 1933-1935 1934
Chicago Bears 2 1933-1934 1933
Washington Redskins 2 1936-1937 1937
New York Giants 2 1938-1939 1938
Green Bay Packers 2 1938-1939 1939
Chicago Bears 4 1940-1943 1940-1941-1943
Washington Redskins 2 1942-1943 1942
Chicago Cardinals 2 1947-1948 1947
Philadelphia Eagles 3 1947-1949 1948 -1949
Los Angeles Rams 3 1949-1951 1951
Cleveland Browns 6 1950-1955 1950-1954-1955
Detroit Lions 3 1952-1954 1952 -1953
Baltimore Colts 2 1958-1959 1958 - 1959
New York Giants 2 1958-1959 3000 !—
Houston Oilers 3 1960-1962 1960 -1961
Green Bay Packers 3 1960-1962 1961 - 1962
San Diego Chargers 2 1960-1961 3000 !—
New York Giants 3 1961-1963 3000 !—
San Diego Chargers 3 1963-1965 1963
Buffalo Bills 3 1964-1966 1964 -1965
Cleveland Browns 2 1964-1965 1964
Green Bay Packers 3 1965-1967 1965 -1966 -1967
Dallas Cowboys 2 1966-1967 3000 !—
Oakland Raiders 3 1967-1969 1967
Cleveland Browns 2 1968-1969 3000 !—
Super Bowl appearance streaks[edit]
Appearance streaks up to and including the 2015-16 NFL playoffs
0^0 Denotes active streak
Streak References[5][7]
Team
Seasons
Super Bowl
appearance streak
Super Bowls won
during streak
Green Bay Packers 2 1966-1967 1966 - 1967
Dallas Cowboys 2 1970-1971 1971
Miami Dolphins 3 1971-1973 1972 - 1973
Minnesota Vikings 2 1973-1974 3000 !—
Pittsburgh Steelers 2 1974-1975 1974 - 1975
Dallas Cowboys 2 1977-1978 1977
Pittsburgh Steelers 2 1978-1979 1978 - 1979
Washington Redskins 2 1982-1983 1982
Denver Broncos 2 1986-1987 3000 !—
San Francisco 49ers 2 1988-1989 1988 - 1989
Buffalo Bills 4 1990-1993 3000 !—
Dallas Cowboys 2 1992-1993 1992 - 1993
Green Bay Packers 2 1996-1997 1996
Denver Broncos 2 1997-1998 1997 - 1998
New England Patriots 2 2003-2004 2003 - 2004
Seattle Seahawks 2 2013-2014 2013
Championship Win Streaks[edit]
Championships from 1920-1969 seasons.
NFL champions (1920–1969) AFL Champions (1960–1969)
List of Streaks[5][7]
Seasons
Team
Championship win streak
2 Canton Bulldogs 1922 -1923 Best win/loss %[a]
3 Green Bay Packers 1929 -1930 -1931 Best win/loss %[a]
2 Chicago Bears 1932 -1933 Best win/loss % 1932
1st playoff game winner 1933[b]
2 Chicago Bears 1940 -1941
2 Philadelphia Eagles 1948 -1949
2 Detroit Lions 1952 -1953
2 Cleveland Browns 1954 -1955
2 Baltimore Colts 1958 -1959
2 Houston Oilers 1960 -1961
2 Green Bay Packers 1961 -1962
2 Buffalo Bills 1964 -1965
3 Green Bay Packers 1965 -1966 -1967
a NFL Champions were named from 1920 through 1932 by highest win percentage (ties not counted). There were no official playoff games till the 1933 season.
b The Bears were named the NFL Champions in 1932 after winning an unofficial playoff game played indoors due to extremely cold weather. The game is recorded as a regular season game that was needed to break a tie between the Bears and the Portsmouth Spartans (now the Detroit Lions).
Super Bowl Win Streaks[edit]
List of Streaks[5][7]
Seasons
Team
Super Bowl win streak
2 Green Bay Packers 1966 (I) - 1967 (II)
2 Miami Dolphins 1972 (VII) - 1973 (VIII)
2 Pittsburgh Steelers 1974 (IX) - 1975 (X)
2 Pittsburgh Steelers 1978 (XIII) - 1979 (XIV)
2 San Francisco 49ers 1988 (XXIII) -1989 (XXIV)
2 Dallas Cowboys 1992 (XXVII) - 1993 (XXVIII)
2 Denver Broncos 1997 (XXXII) - 1998 (XXXIII)
2 New England Patriots 2003 (XXXVIII) - 2004 (XXXIX)
Historical Team Streaks[edit]
Most consecutive post-season wins in team history[edit]
This is a sortable table of all 32 current NFL teams. Nine teams have multiple winning streaks where they won an equal number of post season games before a loss.
Updated through Conference Championship weekend 2016-17 post season.
0^0 Denotes active streak
Team
Seasons
Games Won
Playoff Games
Score
Opponent
Streak Ending Loss
Arizona Cardinals 2008 3.1 !3 2008.1 !2008 Wild Card
2008 Divisional
2008 NFC Champ. 30-24
33-13
32-25 Falcons
Panthers
Eagles 2008.1 !Super Bowl XLIII
Atlanta Falcons
002 (2 win) streaks 1998 2.1 !2 1998.1 ! 1998 Divisional
1998 NFC Champ. 20-18
30-27 49ers
Vikings 1999.1 !Super Bowl XXXIII
2016 2.32 !2 2016.1 ! 2016 Divisional
2016 NFC Champ. 36-20
44-21 Seahawks
Packers SB LI
Baltimore Ravens
002 (5 win) streaks 2000–2001 5.1 !5 2000.1 !2000 Wild Card
2000 Divisional
2000 AFC Champ.
SB XXXV
2001 Wild Card 21-03 !21-3
24-10
16-3
34-7
20-3 Broncos
Titans
Raiders
Giants
Dolphins 2001 Divisional
2012, 2014 5.2 !5 2012.1 !2012 Wild Card
2012 Divisional
2012 AFC Champ.
SB XLVII
2014 Wild Card 24-9
38-35
28-13
34-31
30-17 Colts
Broncos
Patriots
49ers
Steelers 2014 Divisional
Buffalo Bills 1992 3.2 !3 1992.1 ! 1992 Wild Card
1992 Divisional
1992 AFC Champ. 41-38 (OT)
24-3
29-10 Titans ! Oilers
Steelers
Dolphins 1992.1 !Super Bowl XXVII
Carolina Panthers 2003 3.3 !3 2003.1 !2003 Wild Card
2003 Divisional
2003 NFC Champ. 29-10
29-23 (2OT)
14-3 Cowboys
Rams
Eagles 2003.1 !Super Bowl XXXVIII
Chicago Bears
002 (3 win) streaks 1940–1941 3.3 !3 1940 NFL Champ
1941 Western Div.
1941 NFL Champ 73-0
33-14
37-9 Redskins
Packers
Giants 1942 NFL Champ
1985 3.4 !3 1985.1 ! 1985 Divisional
1985 NFC Champ.
SB XX 21-0
24-0
46-10 Giants
Rams
Patriots 1986 Divisional
Cincinnati Bengals
002 (2 win) streaks 1981 2.2 !2 1981.1 ! 1981 Divisional
1981 AFC Champ. 28-21
27-7 Bills
Chargers 1981.1 !Super Bowl XVI
1988 2.32 !2 1988.1 ! 1988 Divisional
1988 AFC Champ. 21-13
21-10 Seahawks
Bills 1988.1 !Super Bowl XXIII
Cleveland Browns
002 (2 win) streaks 1950 2.4 !2 1950.1 !1950 Am. Conf.
1950 NFL Champ 08-03 !8-3
30-28 Giants
Rams 1951 NFL Champ.
1954–1955 2.5 !2 1954.1 !1954 NFL Champ
1955 NFL Champ 56-10
38-14 Lions
Rams 1957 NFL Champ.
Dallas Cowboys 1992–1994 7.1 !7 1992.2 ! 1992 Divisional
1992 NFC Champ.
SB XXVII
1993 Divisional
1993 NFC Champ.
SB XXVIII
1994 Divisional 34-10
30-20
52-17
27-17
38-21
30-13
35-9 Eagles
49ers
Bills
Packers
49ers
Bills
Packers 1994 NFC Champ.
Denver Broncos 1997–1998 7.2 !7 1997.1 ! 1997 Wild Card
1997 Divisional
1997 AFC Champ.
SB XXXII
1998 Divisional
1998 AFC Champ.
SB XXXIII 42-17
14-10
24-21
31-24
38-3
23-10
34-19 Jaguars
Chiefs
Steelers
Packers
Dolphins
Jets
Falcons 2000 Wild Card
Detroit Lions 1935, 1952–1953 4.1 !4 1935 !1935 NFL Champ
1952 Nat. Conf
1952 NFL Champ
1953 NFL Champ 26-7
31-21
17-7
17-16 Giants
Rams
Browns
Browns 1954 NFL Champ.
Green Bay Packers 1961–1962, 1965–1967 9.1 !9 1961.1 ! 1961 NFL Champ
1962 NFL Champ
1965 Western Conf.
1965 NFL Champ
1966 NFL Champ
Super Bowl I
1967 Western Conf.
1967 NFL Champ
Super Bowl II 37-00 !37-0
16-7
13-10 (OT)
23-12
34-27
35-10
28-7
21-17
33-14 Giants
Giants
Colts
Browns
Cowboys
Chiefs
Rams
Cowboys
Raiders 1972 Wild Card
Houston Texans
003 (1 win) streaks 2011 1 2011.1 !2011 Wild Card 31-10 Bengals 2011 Divisional
2012 1 2012.1 !2012 Wild Card 19-13 Bengals 2012 Divisional
2016 1 2016.1 !2016 Wild Card 27-14 Raiders 2016 Divisional
Indianapolis Colts
002 (4 win) streaks 1970–1971[a] 4.2 !4 1970.1 ! 1970 Divisional
1970 AFC Champ.
Super Bowl V
1971 Divisional 17-00 !17-0
27-17
16-13
20-3 Bengals
Raiders
Cowboys
Browns 1971.1 !1971 AFC Champ.
2006 4.3 !4 2006.1 !2006 Wild Card
2006 Divisional
2006 AFC Champ.
SB XLI 23-08 !23-8
15-6
38-34
29-17 Chiefs
Ravens
Patriots
Bears 2007 Divisional
Jacksonville Jaguars 1996 2.6 !2 1996.1 ! 1996 Wild Card
1996 Divisional 30-27
30-27 Bills
Broncos 1996 AFC Champ.
Kansas City Chiefs 1969 3.6 !3 1969.1 !1969 AFL W Div,
1969 AFL Champ.
Super Bowl IV 13-06 ! 13-6
17-7
23-7 Jets
Raiders
Vikings 1971 Divisional
Los Angeles Rams
00(streak as the
00St. Louis Rams) 1999 3.9 !3 1999.2 ! 1999 Divisional
1999 NFC Champ.
SB XXXIV 49-37
11-6
23-16 Vikings
Buccaneers
Titans 2000 Wild Card
Miami Dolphins 1972–1973 6.1 !6 1972.1 ! 1972 Divisional
1972 AFC Champ.
SB VIII
1973 Divisional
1973 AFC Champ.
SB VIII 20-14
21-17
14-7
34-16
27-10
24-7 Browns
Steelers
Redskins
Bengals
Raiders
Vikings 1974 Divisional
Minnesota Vikings
005 (2 win) streaks 1969 2.6 !2 1969.1 !1969 Divisional
1969 NFL Champ. 23-20
27-7 Rams
Browns 1969.1 !Super Bowl IV
1973 2.7 !2 1973.1 ! 1973 Divisional
1973 NFC Champ. 27-20
27-10 Redskins
Cowboys 1973.1 !Super Bowl VIII
1974 2.8 !2 1974.1 ! 1974 Divisional
1974 NFC Champ. 30-14
14-10 Cardinals
Rams 1974.1 !Super Bowl IX
1976 2.9 !2 1976.1 ! 1976 Divisional
1976 NFC Champ. 35-20
24-13 Redskins
Rams 1976.1 !Super Bowl XI
1987 2.91 !2 1987.1 ! 1987 Wild Card
1987 Divisional 44-10
36-24 Saints
49ers 1987 NFC Champ.
New England Patriots 2001, 2003–2005 9.9 !10 2001.1 !2001 Divisional
2001 AFC Champ.
SB XXXVI
2003 Divisional
2003 AFC Champ.
SB XXXVIII
2004 Divisional
2004 AFC Champ.
SB XXXIX
2005 Wild Card 16-13 (OT)
24-17
20-17
17-14
24-14
32-29
20-3
41-27
24-21
28-3 Raiders
Steelers
Rams
Titans
Colts
Panthers
Colts
Steelers
Eagles
Jaguars 2005.1 !2005 Divisional
New Orleans Saints 2009 3.7 !3 2009.2 !2009 Divisional
2009 NFC Champ.
SB XLIV 45-14
31-28 (OT)
31-17 Cardinals
Vikings
Colts 2010 Wild Card
New York Giants^
003 (4 win) streaks 1990, 1993 4.4 !4 1990.1 ! 1990 Divisional
1990 NFC Champ.
SB XXV
1993 Wild Card 31-03 !31-3
15-13
20-19
17-10 Bears
49ers
Bills
Vikings 1993 Divisional
2007 4.5 !4 2007.1 !2007 Wild Card
2007 Divisional
2007 NFC Champ.
SB XLII 24-14
21-17
23-20 (OT)
17-14 Buccaneers
Cowboys
Packers
Patriots 2008 Divisional
2011 4.6 !4 2011.1 !2011 Wild Card
2011 Divisional
2011 NFC Champ.
SB XLVI 24-02 !24-2
37-20
20-17 (OT)
21-17 Falcons
Packers
49ers
Patriots 2016 Wild Card
New York Jets
004 (2 win) streaks 1968 2.95 !2 1968.1 ! 1968 AFL Champ
SB III 27-23
16-7 Raiders
Colts 1969 Divisional
1982 2.951 !2 1982.1 ! 1982 1st Round
1982 2nd Round 44-17
17-14 Bengals
Raiders 1982.1 !1982 AFC Champ.
2009 2.952 !2 2009.1 !2009 Wild Card
2009 Divisional 24-14
17-14 Bengals
Chargers 2009 AFC Championship
2010 2.953 !2 2010.1 !2010 Wild Card
2010 Divisional 17-16
28-21 Colts
Patriots 2010.1 !2010 AFC Champ.
Oakland Raiders 1980, 1982 5.2 !5 1980.1 ! 1980 Wild Card
1980 Divisional
1980 AFC Champ.
Super Bowl XV
1982 1st Round 27-07 !27-7
14-12
34-27
27-10
27-10 Oilers
Browns
Chargers
Eagles
Browns 1982 2nd Round
Philadelphia Eagles 1948–1949, 1960 3.8 !3 1948 NFL Champ
1949 NFL Champ
1960 NFL Champ 07-00 ! 7-0
14-0
17-13 Cardinals
Rams
Packers 1978 Wild Card
Pittsburgh Steelers 1974–1976 7.3 !7 1974.1 ! 1974 Divisional
1974 AFC Champ.
Super Bowl IX
1975 Divisional
1975 AFC Champ.
Super Bowl X
1976 Divisional 32-14
24-13
16-6
28-10
16-10
21-17
40-14 Bills
Raiders
Vikings
Colts
Raiders
Cowboys
Colts 1976 AFC Champ.
San Francisco 49ers 1988–1990 7.4 !7 1988.1 ! 1988 Divisional
1988 NFC Champ.
SB XXIII
1989 Divisional
1989 NFC Champ.
SB XXIV
1990 Divisional 34-09 !34-9
28-3
20-16
41-13
30-3
55-10
28-10 Vikings
Bears
Bengals
Vikings
Rams
Broncos
Redskins 1990 NFC Champ.
Seattle Seahawks 2013-2014 5 2013 Divisional
2013 NFC Champ.
SB XLVIII
2014 Divisional
2014 NFC Champ. 23-15
23-17
43-8
31-17
28-22 (OT) Saints
49ers
Broncos
Panthers
Packers Super Bowl XLIX
Tampa Bay Buccaneers 2002 3.91 !3 2002.1 !2002 Divisional
2002 NFC Champ.
SB XXXVII 31-06 !31-6
27-10
48-21 49ers
Eagles
Raiders 2005 Wild Card
Tennessee Titans 1999 3.95 !3 1999.1 ! 1999 Wild Card
1999 Divisional
1999 AFC Champ. 22-16
19-16
33-14 Bills
Colts
Jaguars 1999.1 !Super Bowl XXXIV
Washington Redskins 1982–1983 6.2 !6 1982.1 ! 1982 1st Round
1982 2nd Round
1982 NFC Champ.
SB XVII
1983 Divisional
1983 NFC Champ. 31-07 !31-7
21-7
31-17
27-17
51-7
24-21 Lions
Vikings
Cowboys
Dolphins
Rams
49ers 1982.2 !Super Bowl XVIII
Team
Seasons
Games Won
Playoff Games
Score
Opponent
Streak Ending Loss
a Streak occurred when the team was the Baltimore Colts.
See also[edit]
List of current National Football League consecutive playoff appearances
List of last undefeated NFL teams by season
List of NFL franchise post-season droughts
List of NBA franchise post-season streaks
List of NBA franchise post-season droughts
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Franchise Encyclopedias". pro-football-reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved December 31, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Dallas Seasons". pro-football-reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved June 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Colts Seasons". pro-football-reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved June 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Packers Seasons". pro-football-reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved June 10, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Season Index". pro-football-reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved June 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Team Encyclopedias and Records". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Super Bowl List". pro-football-reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved June 10, 2012.
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Hannibal Lecter (franchise)
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Hannibal Lecter
Created by
Thomas Harris
Original work
Red Dragon
Print publications
Novel(s)
Red Dragon (1981)
The Silence of the Lambs (1988)
Hannibal (1999)
Hannibal Rising (2006)
Films and television
Film(s)
Manhunter (1986)
The Silence of the Lambs (1991)
Hannibal (2001)
Red Dragon (2002)
Hannibal Rising (2007)
Television series
Hannibal (2013–15)
The Hannibal Lecter franchise is an American media franchise that features the titular character, Hannibal Lecter, who originally appeared in a series of novels (starting with Red Dragon in 1981) by Thomas Harris. The series has since expanded into film and television.
Contents
[hide]
1 Novels
2 Films and television
2.1 Cast and characters
3 Critical reaction
4 Musical
5 References
Novels[edit]
Red Dragon (1981)
The Silence of the Lambs (1988)
Hannibal (1999)
Hannibal Rising (2006)
Films and television[edit]
Manhunter (1986)
The Silence of the Lambs (1991)
Hannibal (2001)
Red Dragon (2002)
Hannibal Rising (2007)
Hannibal (TV series) (2013–15)
The first adaptation was the 1986 film Manhunter, which was an adaptation of Red Dragon, directed by Michael Mann.
The next adaptation was 1991's The Silence of the Lambs, which was directed by Jonathan Demme and was the first film to feature Anthony Hopkins in the role of Hannibal Lecter. Silence was a success, both critically and financially, and went on to become the third film in Academy Awards history to win in all top five categories (Best Actor for Hopkins, Best Actress for Jodie Foster, Best Director for Demme, Best Adapted Screenplay for Ted Tally, and Best Picture). Hopkins reprised the role in the next two films, 2001's Hannibal, a sequel directed by Ridley Scott, and 2002's Red Dragon, a prequel directed by Brett Ratner. In 2002, Hopkins revealed that he had written a screenplay for another sequel, ending with Clarice killing Lecter; it was not produced.[1]
In 2007, Hannibal Rising was released. The film is a prequel, directed by Peter Webber and starring Gaspard Ulliel as Lecter.
In 2013, the TV series Hannibal premiered. Developed by Bryan Fuller, it is not a direct adaptation, but based on characters and elements from the novels. Some male characters have become female, such as Freddy Lounds, who is renamed Fredricka "Freddie" Lounds. The series has garnered much critical acclaim since its premiere, winning the 2014 and 2015 Saturn Award for Best Network Television Series, as well as the inaugural Best Action-Thriller Television Series in 2016.
In 2016, when asked if there were any sequels that he wished he could revisit, Hopkins said, "I made the mistake of doing two more [Hannibal Lecter movies] and I should have only done one."[2]
In 2017, Foster reprised her role as Clarice Starling in a skit titled "Clarice Probes Hannibal Lecter About Trump's Russia Ties" on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, opposite Stephen Colbert as Hannibal Lecter. In the skit, Clarice questions Lecter on his relationship with Donald Trump and what he can tell her about his relationship with Russia.[3]
Cast and characters[edit]
Manhunter
(1986)
The Silence of the Lambs
(1991)
Hannibal
(2001)
Red Dragon
(2002)
Hannibal Rising
(2007)
Hannibal
(TV series)
(2013–15)
Hannibal Lecter
Brian Cox
(as Hannibal Lecktor) Anthony Hopkins Gaspard Ulliel
Aaran Thomas (young) Mads Mikkelsen
Will Graham
William Petersen Edward Norton Hugh Dancy
Jack Crawford
Dennis Farina Scott Glenn Harvey Keitel Laurence Fishburne
Frederick Chilton
Benjamin Hendrickson Anthony Heald Anthony Heald Raúl Esparza
Francis Dolarhyde
(The Tooth Fairy)
Tom Noonan
(as Francis Dollarhyde) Ralph Fiennes
Alex D. Linz (young) Richard Armitage
Clarice Starling
Jodie Foster
Masha Skorobogatov (young) Julianne Moore
Buffalo Bill
(Jame Gumb)
Ted Levine
Barney Matthews
Frankie Faison Jonathan Tucker
(as Matthew Brown)
Freddy Lounds
Stephen Lang Philip Seymour Hoffman Lara Jean Chorostecki
(as Fredricka "Freddie" Lounds)
Mason Verger
Gary Oldman Michael Pitt
Joe Anderson
Paul Krendler
Ron Vawter Ray Liotta Cynthia Nixon
(as Kade Prurnell)[4]
Reba McClane
Joan Allen Emily Watson Rutina Wesley
Molly Graham
Kim Greist Mary-Louise Parker Nina Arianda
Rinaldo Pazzi
Giancarlo Giannini Fortunato Cerlino
Cordell Doemling
Željko Ivanek Glenn Fleshler
Margot Verger
Katharine Isabelle
Grutas
Rhys Ifans
Lady Murasaki
Gong Li
Alan Bloom
Paul Perri
(as Sidney Bloom) Caroline Dhavernas
(as Alana Bloom)
Beverly Katz
Michele Shay Elizabeth Dennehy
(as Beverly) Hettienne Park
Jimmy Price
Dan Butler Stanley Anderson Scott Thompson
Brian Zeller
Chris Elliott
(as Zeller) Aaron Abrams
Lloyd Bowman
Bill Smitrovich Ken Leung
Chiyoh
Tao Okamoto
Bedelia Du Maurier
Gillian Anderson
Abel Gideon
Eddie Izzard
Critical reaction[edit]
Film Rotten Tomatoes Metacritic
Manhunter 94% (33 reviews) [5] 78 (10 reviews) [6]
The Silence of the Lambs 95% (73 reviews) [7] 84 (17 reviews) [8]
Hannibal 39% (165 reviews) [9] 57 (36 reviews) [10]
Red Dragon 69% (185 reviews) [11] 60 (36 reviews) [12]
Hannibal Rising 15% (143 reviews) [13] 35 (30 reviews) [14]
Hannibal (TV series), Season 1 (2013) 71% (41 reviews) [15] 70 (32 reviews) [16]
Hannibal (TV series), Season 2 (2014) 100% (24 reviews) [17] 88 (14 reviews) [18]
Hannibal (TV series), Season 3 (2015) 97% (35 reviews) [19] 84 (15 reviews) [20]
Musical[edit]
In 2005, comedian-musicians Jon and Al Kaplan, most famous for their musical re-imaginings of popular films as YouTube musicals, parodied The Silence of the Lambs, especially the film version, in Silence! The Musical. It premiered Off-Off-Broadway and has since had acclaimed productions in London (2009) and Los Angeles (2012). In 2012, it won the Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle – Score, Lead Performance, Choreography Award.[21]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Oldenburg, Ann (October 3, 2002). "Marquee names serve up another helping of Hannibal". USA Today. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ Hibberd, James (7 December 2016). "Westworld finale: Anthony Hopkins on Dr. Ford's fate". Entertainment Weekly. New York: Time Inc. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Clarice Probes Hannibal Lecter About Trump's Russia Ties - The Late Show with Stephen Colbert
Jump up ^ VanDerWerff, Todd (March 8, 2014). "Hannibal's Bryan Fuller on blending Busby Berkeley with murder". The A.V. Club. Retrieved March 8, 2014. Kade Prurnell is an anagram of a character from Hannibal, actually the Ray Liotta character. So it’s like, “Your anagrams are showing, Dr. Lecter.” We couldn’t get the rights to that character, because that character originated in Silence of the Lambs. The character’s name was Paul Krendler, and we wanted to call her Paula Krendler, and they said no, because the way the rights go, it’s not by the literature, it’s actually by the character’s introduction. So if a character is first seen in Silence of the Lambs, we’re screwed, as far as rights go. In order to change the character so it’s not that but sort of services the same mythology in the show and reinvent the character in a way that won’t get us sued, [Laughs.] we anagrammed her and made her slightly different from the character in both Silence of the Lambs and Hannibal to our own purposes.
Jump up ^ "Manhunter RT: Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
Jump up ^ "Manhunter MC: Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
Jump up ^ "Silence of the Lambs RT: Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
Jump up ^ "Silence of the Lambs MC: Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
Jump up ^ "Hannibal RT: Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
Jump up ^ "Hannibal MC: Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
Jump up ^ "Red Dragon RT: Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
Jump up ^ "Red Dragon MC: Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
Jump up ^ "Hannibal Rising RT: Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
Jump up ^ "Hannibal Rising MC: Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
Jump up ^ "Hannibal: Season 1". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
Jump up ^ "Hannibal Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
Jump up ^ "Hannibal: Season 2". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
Jump up ^ "Hannibal Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
Jump up ^ "Hannibal: Season 3". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
Jump up ^ "Hannibal Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
Jump up ^ http://www.silencethemusicalnyc.com/
[hide]
v
t
e
Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter
Characters
Hannibal Lecter
Will Graham
Clarice Starling
Jack Crawford
Frederick Chilton
Francis Dolarhyde
Buffalo Bill
Mason Verger
Freddy Lounds
Bedelia Du Maurier
Novels
Red Dragon (1981)
The Silence of the Lambs (1988)
Hannibal (1999)
Hannibal Rising (2006)
Films
Manhunter (1986)
The Silence of the Lambs (1991)
Hannibal (2001)
Red Dragon (2002)
Hannibal Rising (2007)
Television
Hannibal (2013–15)
episodes
"Apéritif"
"Amuse-Bouche"
"Potage"
"Oeuf"
Related productions
The Silence of the Hams (1994)
Silence! The Musical (2005)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hannibal_Lecter_(franchise)&oldid=817388073"
Categories:
Hannibal Lecter
Thriller novel series
Horror films by series
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