text:
Lacrimal gland
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Lacrimal gland
Lacrimal apparatus of the right eye. The lacrimal gland is to the upper left. The right side of the picture is towards the nose.
Tear system.

a = lacrimal gland
b = superior lacrimal punctum
c = superior lacrimal canal
d = lacrimal sac
e = inferior lacrimal punctum
f = inferior lacrimal canal
g = nasolacrimal canal
Details
Artery
lacrimal artery
Nerve
lacrimal nerve, Zygomatic nerve via Communicating branch, greater petrosal nerve
Identifiers
Latin
glandula lacrimalis
Dorlands
/Elsevier
g_06/12392431
TA
A15.2.07.057
FMA
59101
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
The lacrimal glands are paired, almond-shaped exocrine glands, one for each eye, that secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film. They are situated in the upper lateral region of each orbit, in the lacrimal fossa[disambiguation needed] of the orbit formed by the frontal bone.[1] Inflammation of the lacrimal glands is called dacryoadenitis. The lacrimal gland produces tears which then flow into canals that connect to the lacrimal sac. From that sac, the tears drain through the lacrimal duct into the nose.
Anatomists divide the gland into two sections. The smaller palpebral portion lies close to the eye, along the inner surface of the eyelid; if the upper eyelid is everted, the palpebral portion can be seen.
The orbital portion contains fine interlobular ducts that unite to form 3–5 main excretory ducts, joining 5–7 ducts in the palpebral portion before the secreted fluid may enter on the surface of the eye. Tears secreted collect in the fornix conjunctiva of the upper lid, and pass over the eye surface to the lacrimal puncta, small holes found at the inner corner of the eyelids. These pass the tears through the lacrimal canaliculi on to the lacrimal sac, in turn to the nasolacrimal duct, which dumps them out into the nose.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Microanatomy
2 Innervation
3 Blood supply
4 Lymphatic drainage
5 Nerve supply
6 Pathology
7 Additional images
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
Microanatomy[edit]
The lacrimal gland is a compound tubuloacinar gland, it is made up of many lobules separated by connective tissue, each lobule contains many acini. The acini contain only serous cells and produce a watery serous secretion.
Each acinus consists of a grape-like mass of lacrimal gland cells with their apices pointed to a central lumen.
The central lumen of many of the units converge to form intralobular ducts, and then they unite to from interlobular ducts. The gland lacks striated ducts.
Innervation[edit]
The parasympathetic nerve supply originates from the lacrimatory nucleus of the facial nerve in the pons. From the pons nucleus preganglionic parasympathetic fibres run in the nervus intermedius (small sensory root of facial nerve) to the geniculate ganglion but they do not synapse there. Then, from the geniculate ganglion, the preganglionic fibres run in the greater petrosal nerve (a branch of the facial nerve) which carries the parasympathetic secretomotor fibers through the foramen lacerum, where it joins the deep petrosal nerve (which contains postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the superior cervical ganglion) to form the nerve of the pterygoid canal (vidian nerve) which then traverses through the pterygoid canal to the pterygopalatine ganglion. Here, the fibers synapse and postganglionic fibers join the fibers of the maxillary nerve. In the pterygopalatine fossa itself, the parasympathetic secretomotor fibers branch off with the zygomatic nerve and then branch off again, joining with the lacrimal branch of the ophthalmic division of CN V, which supplies sensory innervation to the lacrimal gland along with the eyelid and conjunctiva.
The sympathetic postganglionic fibers originate from the superior cervical ganglion. They traverse as a periarteriolar plexus with the internal carotid artery, before they merge and form the deep petrosal nerve, which joins the greater petrosal nerve in the pterygoid canal. Together, greater petrosal and deep petrosal nerves form the nerve of the pterygoid canal (vidian nerve) and they reach the pterygopalatine ganglion in the pterygopalatine fossa. In contrast to their parasympathetic counterparts, sympathetic fibers do not synapse in the pterygopalatine ganglion, having done so already in the sympathetic trunk. However, they continue to course with the parasympathetic fibers innervating the lacrimal gland.
Blood supply[edit]
The lacrimal artery, derived from the ophthalmic artery supplies the lacrimal gland. Venous blood returns via the superior ophthalmic vein.
Lymphatic drainage[edit]
The glands drain into the superficial parotid lymph nodes.[3]
Nerve supply[edit]
The lacrimal nerve, derived from the ophthalmic nerve, supplies the sensory component of the lacrimal gland. The greater petrosal nerve, derived from the facial nerve, supplies the parasympathetic autonomic component of the lacrimal gland. The greater petrosal nerve traverses alongside branches of the V1 and V2 divisions of the trigeminal nerve. The proximity of the greater petrosal nerve to branches of the trigeminal nerve explains the phenomenon of lesions to the trigeminal nerve causing impaired lacrimation although the trigeminal nerve does not supply the lacrimal gland.
Pathology[edit]
In contrast to the normal moisture of the eyes or even crying, there can be persistent dryness, scratching, and burning in the eyes, which are signs of dry eye syndrome (DES) or keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). With this syndrome, the lacrimal glands produce less lacrimal fluid, which mainly occurs with ageing or certain medications. A thin strip of filter paper (placed at the edge of the eye) the Schirmer test, can be used to determine the level of dryness of the eye. Many medications or diseases that cause dry eye syndrome can also cause hyposalivation with xerostomia. Treatment varies according to aetiology and includes avoidance of exacerbating factors, tear stimulation and supplementation, increasing tear retention, eyelid cleansing, and treatment of eye inflammation.[3]
In addition, the following can be associated with lacrimal gland pathology:
Dacryoadenitis
Sjögren's syndrome
Additional images[edit]
This gallery of anatomic features needs cleanup to abide by the medical manual of style. Galleries containing indiscriminate images of the article subject are discouraged; please improve or remove the gallery accordingly. (May 2015)
The ophthalmic artery and its branches.
Nerves of the orbit. Seen from above.
Sympathetic connections of the sphenopalatine and superior cervical ganglia.
The tarsal glands, etc., seen from the inner surface of the eyelids.
Alveoli of lacrimal gland.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.
See also[edit]
Lacrimal apparatus
Preorbital gland
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Clinically Oriented Anatomy, Moore, Dalley & Agur.
Jump up ^ "eye, human."Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica 2010 Ultimate Reference Suite DVD 2010
^ Jump up to: a b Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck, Fehrenbach and Herring, Elsevier, 2012, page 153.
External links[edit]
lesson3 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (orbit2)
Diseases of the lacrimal gland at http://www.academy.org.uk/lectures/barnard11.htm
[hide]
v
t
e
The orbit of the eye
Bones
Frontal bone
Zygomatic bone
Maxillary bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
Palatine bone
Lacrimal bone
Muscles
Superior rectus muscle
Inferior rectus muscle
Lateral rectus muscle
Medial rectus muscle
Superior oblique muscle
Trochlea of superior oblique
Inferior oblique muscle
Eyelid
Levator palpebrae superioris muscle
Tarsus
Medial palpebral ligament
Epicanthic fold
Meibomian gland
Ciliary glands
Eyelash
Palpebral fissure
Canthus
Gland of Zeis
Lacrimal apparatus
Krause's glands
Lacrimal canaliculi
Lacrimal caruncle
Lacrimal gland
Lacrimal lake
Lacrimal papilla
Lacrimal punctum
Lacrimal sac
Nasolacrimal duct
Other
Eyebrow
Conjunctiva
Plica semilunaris
Orbital septum
Periorbita
Suspensory ligament of eyeball
Tenon's capsule
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A Star Is Born (1954 film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
A Star Is Born
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
George Cukor
Produced by
Sidney Luft
Screenplay by
Moss Hart
Story by
William A. Wellman
Robert Carson
Based on
A Star is Born
by William A. Wellman
Robert Carson
Dorothy Parker
Alan Campbell
Starring
Judy Garland
James Mason
Jack Carson
Charles Bickford
Music by
Ray Heindorf
Cinematography
Sam Leavitt
Edited by
Folmar Blangsted
Production
company
Transcona Enterprises
Distributed by
Warner Bros.
Release date
September 29, 1954 (1954-09-29)
Running time
Premiere:
182 minutes
General Release:
154 minutes
Restored Version:
176 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$5 million[1]
Box office
$6.1 million (rentals)[2][3]
A Star Is Born is a 1954 American musical film written by Moss Hart, starring Judy Garland and James Mason, and directed by George Cukor.[4] Hart's screenplay was an adaptation of the original 1937 film, which was based on the original screenplay by Robert Carson, Dorothy Parker, Alan Campbell,[5] and from the same story by William A. Wellman and Carson, with uncredited input from six additional writers—David O. Selznick, Ben Hecht, Ring Lardner Jr., John Lee Mahin, Budd Schulberg and Adela Rogers St. Johns. In 2000, the 1954 film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."
The film ranked #43 on the American Film Institute's 100 Years...100 Passions list in 2002 and #7 on its list of greatest musicals in 2006. The song "The Man That Got Away" was ranked #11 on AFI's list of 100 top songs in films.
Garland had not made a movie since she had negotiated release from her MGM contract soon after filming began on Royal Wedding in 1950, and the film was promoted heavily as her comeback. For her performance in A Star is Born, Garland was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress. NBC, which was televising the ceremony, sent a film crew to the hospital room where she was recuperating after giving birth to her son Joey in order to carry her acceptance speech live if she won, but she lost to Grace Kelly for The Country Girl.
It is the first of three official remakes of A Star Is Born, with the second released in 1976 starring Barbra Streisand and Kris Kristofferson. The third remake was released on October 5, 2018, starring Lady Gaga and Bradley Cooper.
Contents
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Critical reception
5 Awards and nominations
6 1983 film restoration
7 Remakes
8 Soundtrack releases
8.1 1954 soundtrack release
8.2 1988 soundtrack release
8.3 2004 soundtrack release
8.4 2005 soundtrack release
9 Home media
10 See also
11 References
11.1 Further reading
12 External links
Plot[edit]
Esther Blodgett is a talented aspiring singer with a band, and Norman Maine is a former matinee idol with a career in the early stages of decline. When he arrives intoxicated at a function at the Shrine Auditorium, the studio publicist Matt Libby attempts to keep him away from reporters. After an angry exchange, Norman rushes away and bursts onto a stage where an orchestra is performing. Blodgett takes him by the hand and pretends he is part of the act, thereby turning a potentially embarrassing and disruptive moment into an opportunity for the audience to greet Norman with applause.
Realizing that Esther has saved him from public humiliation, Norman thanks her and draws a heart on the wall with her lipstick. He invites her to dinner, and later watches her perform in an after-hours club while recognizing her impressive talent. He urges her to follow her dream and convinces her she can break into movies. Esther is surprised that someone of Norman's stature sees something special in her. He offers her a screen test and advises her to "sleep on it," promising to call her the next day. Esther tells Danny McGuire, her bandmate, that she's quitting their upcoming gig to pursue movies in L.A. Thinking her crazy, he tries to talk her out of it, but Esther is determined. Norman is called away early in the morning to filming and then falls ill. He attempts to get a message to Esther but cannot remember her address. When she doesn't hear from him, she suspects he was insincere. Not disheartened, she takes jobs as a carhop and TV commercial singer to make ends meet, convinced she can make it, with or without Norman.
Garland in a shot from the film's trailer
Norman tries to find Esther, who's had to move from her apartment. Then he hears her singing on a television commercial and tracks her down. Studio head Oliver Niles believes Esther is just a passing fancy for the actor, but casts her in a small film role. The studio arbitrarily changes her name to Vicki Lester, which she finds out when she tries to pick up her paycheck. When Norman finally gets Niles to hear "Vicki" sing, he is impressed and she is cast in an important musical film, making her a huge success. Her relationship with Norman flourishes, and they wed.
As Vicki's career continues to flourish, Norman finds himself unemployed and going downhill fast—an alcoholic in a tough new film business which doesn't put up with it. Norman arrives, late and drunk, in the middle of Vicki's Oscar acceptance speech. He interrupts her speech, rambling and pacing back and forth in front of her. While begging for work from the assembled and embarrassed Hollywood community, he accidentally strikes Vicki in the face.
Vicki continues working and tells Oliver that Norman has entered a sanitarium. After supporting him for so long, she worries about the effect of Norman's alcoholism on her, while acknowledging that he's trying very hard to overcome his addiction. Niles is amenable to offering Norman work, a gesture for which Vicki is grateful, thinking this may be just the boost her husband needs. At the racetrack, Norman runs into studio publicist Matt Libby, who taunts him and accuses him of living on Vicki's earnings. The resulting fight prompts the actor to go on a drinking binge. He is eventually arrested for being drunk and disorderly and - even more humiliated - receives ninety days in the city jail. Vicki bails him out and brings him home, where they are joined by Niles. Norman goes to bed but overhears Vicki telling Niles she will give up her career to take care of him. He also hears Oliver say that Norman ruined his own career with his drinking. Finally realizing what he's done to himself, Vicki, his career, and the people around him, Norman leaves his bed, tells Vicki cheerfully that he is going to go for a swim, walks into the ocean—and drowns himself.
Despondent, Vicki becomes a recluse and refuses to see anyone. Finally, her old bandmate Danny convinces her she needs to attend a charity function because she constitutes the only good work Norman did and which he died trying to save. At the Shrine Auditorium, she notices the heart Norman drew on the wall on the night they met and for a moment seems to lose her composure. When she arrives on stage, the emcee tells her the event is being broadcast worldwide and asks her to say a few words to her fans. She says, "Hello, everybody. This is Mrs. Norman Maine," which prompts the crowd into a standing ovation.
Cast[edit]
Judy Garland as Esther Blodgett (Vicki Lester)
James Mason as Norman Maine
Jack Carson as Matt Libby
Charles Bickford as Oliver Niles
Tommy Noonan as Danny McGuire
Amanda Blake as Susan Etting
Lucy Marlow as Lola Lavery
Irving Bacon as Graves
Hazel Shermet as Libby's Secretary
Nancy Kulp as Esther's neighbor (uncredited)
Frank Puglia as Bruno (uncredited)
Strother Martin as Delivery Boy (uncredited)
Production[edit]
Judy Garland on location filming a scene as a restaurant carhop.
In December 1952, George Cukor was approached by Sid Luft, who proposed the director helm a musical remake of the 1937 film A Star is Born with his then-wife Judy Garland in the lead role.[6] Garland previously had portrayed Vicki Lester in a December 1942 Lux Radio Theater broadcast with Walter Pidgeon, and she and Luft, along with several associates, had formed Transcona Enterprises specifically to produce the project on screen.[7] Cukor had declined to direct the original film because it was too similar to his 1932 What Price Hollywood?, but the opportunity to direct his first Technicolor film, first musical film, and work with screenwriter Moss Hart and especially Garland appealed to him, and he accepted.[8]
Getting the updated film to the screen proved to be a challenge. Cukor wanted Cary Grant, whom he had directed three times before, for the male lead and went so far as to read the entire script with him. Grant, while agreeing it was the role of a lifetime, was more interested in traveling with wife Betsy Drake, and steadfastly refused the role (he also turned down Roman Holiday and Sabrina).[9] He also was concerned about Garland's reputation for unreliability; Cukor never forgave Cary for declining the role. The director then suggested either Humphrey Bogart or Frank Sinatra for the part, but Jack L. Warner rejected both. Stewart Granger was the front runner for a period of time, but he backed out when he was unable to adjust to Cukor's habit of acting out scenes as a form of direction.[10]
James Mason ultimately was signed, and filming began on October 12, 1953. As the months passed, Cukor was forced to deal not only with constant script changes but a very unstable leading lady, who was plagued by chemical dependencies, significant weight fluctuations, illnesses, and hypochondria.[11] After considerable footage had been shot, studio executives decided the film should be the first Warner Brothers motion picture to use CinemaScope, necessitating everything be scrapped and filmed again.[7]
In March 1954, a rough cut still missing several musical numbers was assembled, and Cukor had mixed feelings about it. When the last scene was filmed in the early morning hours of July 28, 1954, Cukor already had departed the production and was unwinding in Europe.[12] The long "Born in a Trunk" sequence was added after Cukor had left, supervised by Garland's professional mentor Roger Edens.
The first test screening the following month ran 196 minutes, and, despite ecstatic feedback from the audience, Cukor and editor Folmar Blangsted trimmed it to 182 minutes for its New York premiere in October. The reviews were excellent, but Warner executives, concerned the running time would limit the number of daily showings, made drastic cuts without Cukor, who had departed for India to scout locations for Bhowani Junction. At its final running time of 154 minutes, the film lost two major musical numbers and crucial dramatic scenes, and Cukor called it "very painful" to watch.[13]
A Star Is Born cost over $5 million,[1] making it one of the most expensive films ever made in Hollywood. In its initial release, it did very well and attracted huge crowds. According to Variety, it grossed $6,100,000 in US theatrical rentals.
Critical reception[edit]
Bosley Crowther of The New York Times wrote the film was "one of the grandest heartbreak dramas that has drenched the screen in years." He added, "The whole thing runs for three hours, and during this extraordinary time a remarkable range of entertainment is developed upon the screen...No one surpasses Mr. Cukor at handling this sort of thing, and he gets performances from Miss Garland and Mr. Mason that make the heart flutter and bleed...Theirs is a credible enactment of a tragic little try at love in an environment that packages the product. It is the strong tie that binds the whole show. But there is more that is complementary to it. There is the muchness of music that runs from a fine, haunting torch-song...to a mammoth, extensive production number recounting the career of a singer...And there is, through it all, a gentle tracing of clever satire of Hollywood, not as sharp as it was in the original, but sharp enough to be stimulating fun."[14]
Time wrote Garland "gives what is just about the greatest one-woman show in modern movie history," and Newsweek said the film is "best classified as a thrilling personal triumph for Judy Garland. As an actress Miss Garland is more than adequate. As a mime and comedienne she is even better. But as a singer she can handle anything from torch songs and blues to ballads. In more ways than one, the picture is hers."[7] When the Oscar for Best Actress went to Grace Kelly instead of Garland, Groucho Marx called it "the biggest robbery since Brink's."
On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film received an approval rating of 97% based on 29 reviews, with an average rating of 8.1/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "A Star is Born is a movie of grand scope and intimate moments, featuring Judy Garland's possibly greatest performance."[15]
Awards and nominations[edit]
Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role—Judy Garland (nominated)
Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role—James Mason (nominated)
Academy Award for Best Art Direction—Set Decoration, Color—Malcolm C. Bert, Gene Allen, Irene Sharaff, and George James Hopkins (nominated)
Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Color—Jean Louis, Mary Ann Nyberg, and Irene Sharaff (nominated)
Academy Award for Best Original Song—"The Man that Got Away" (nominated)
Academy Award for Best Scoring of a Musical Picture—Ray Heindorf (nominated)
BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Actress in a Leading Role—Judy Garland (nominated)
Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures—George Cukor (nominated)
Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy—Judy Garland (won)
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy—James Mason (won)
Writers Guild of America Award for Best Written American Musical—Moss Hart (nominated)
1983 film restoration[edit]
For years, Garland fans and film historians expressed great interest in viewing the missing footage from this film. Beginning about 1981, film preservationist Ronald Haver did extensive research of the Warner Bros. film vaults and located some of the missing scenes, including two complete musical numbers, "Here's What I'm Here For" and "Lose That Long Face".
In 1983, a 176-minute "restored" (i.e. reconstructed) version was shown in theaters and then released on home video. The project was a collaboration between the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences and the studio. Some of the missing footage had to be reconstructed using pan and scan of production stills, accompanied by the restored dialogue. The original multi-track stereophonic sound was also restored. Within the next year, more discoveries would follow. In the spring of 1984, the restored "A Star Is Born" was again reissued and shown at The Ziegfeld Theatre in New York City and for this engagement, an outtake of Garland performing "The Man That Got Away' in a different costume and hairstyle was included. Also that year, when PBS was producing its documentary for Great Performances, Judy Garland: The Concert Years, another small piece of footage of "A Star Is Born" was found and shown for the very first time in the program - Garland singing When My Sugar Walks Down The Street, which was deleted from the "Born In A Trunk" sequence.
In 2010, an all new restoration kicked off the all new Turner Classic Movies Film Festival. Many were hoping that the film would be the long lost "George Cukor cut" but it was the Ron Haver Restoration.
Also in 2010, it was rumored that film restorer (and friend of Liza Minnelli) Michael Arick had a complete print of the film.[citation needed]
Remakes[edit]
A Star Is Born, a remake itself, was again remade in 1976 with Barbra Streisand and Kris Kristofferson. The film was remade without permission in Bollywood as Aashiqui 2 in 2013. It also inspired Malayalam film Bharatham.
The latest remake of A Star Is Born stars Bradley Cooper and Lady Gaga, who also created new music for the project. Filming began April 17, 2017, and the movie was released on October 5, 2018.[16]
Soundtrack releases[edit]
The soundtrack has never been out of print. It was originally released by Columbia Records in 1954 in 10-inch 78 rpm and 12-inch 33⅓ rpm editions, and also on 7-inch 45 rpm records.
In 1988, Columbia released the soundtrack on compact disc, taking the overture and the main musical numbers directly from the film's stereo soundtrack due to the fact no stereo pre-recordings for the soundtrack master existed for this number.
In 2004, in commemoration of the film's 50th anniversary, Columbia, Legacy Recordings, and Sony Music Soundtrax released a nearly complete, digitally-remastered, expanded edition of the soundtrack. Due to the lack of a complete multitrack version of all songs and score from the film, the CD includes a mix of monaural and stereo elements in order to make as complete a soundtrack as possible.
Due in part to the fact that some of the songs were not complete on the film soundtrack, as well as the fact that many of the original music stems had been lost or destroyed subsequent to original mono mixdown, numbers such as "Here's What I'm Here For" and "Lose That Long Face" are taken from the original mono LP masters.
Other numbers such as "Gotta Have Me Go with You" are mostly in stereo, save for brief sections where the mono soundtrack album master was used in order to remove various endemic plot-related sound effects from the track. All of the instrumental tracks are in mono as well due to the fact that the original elements have been lost or destroyed.
The 2004 soundtrack also includes three vocal outtakes – an alternative vocal for the reprise of "It's a New World" that Esther sings while Norman goes for his final swim; "When My Sugar Walks Down the Street", which was intended to be part of the "Born In a Trunk" sequence, but was deleted for time constraints; and "The Trinidad Coconut Oil Shampoo Commercial", which was taken from the only surviving recording of the complete track, a very worn acetate artist reference disc.
In addition, much of the instrumental portion of the 2004 soundtrack contains partial or whole outtakes. This CD also sees the first CD release of the complete version of "Gotta Have Me Go with You" with the full introduction, as well as "The Man That Got Away" with an expanded introduction not used in the original film.
The original Columbia 1954 mono vinyl version of the soundtrack has been released on CD in Britain by Prism Leisure and is also available for digital download. This version includes bonus tracks of Judy Garland's Decca recordings of songs from other films.
1954 soundtrack release[edit]
Gotta Have Me Go with You (Harold Arlen and Ira Gershwin)
The Man That Got Away (Arlen and Gershwin)
Born in a Trunk (Roger Edens (music) and Leonard Gershe (lyrics))[17]
Swanee (George Gershwin)
I'll Get By (Roy Turk and Fred E. Ahlert)
You Took Advantage of Me (Lorenz Hart and Richard Rodgers)
The Black Bottom (Perry Bradford)
The Peanut Vendor (Moisés Simons)
My Melancholy Baby (Ernie Burnett and George A. Norton)
Here's What I'm Here For (Arlen and Gershwin)
It's a New World (Arlen and Gershwin)
Someone at Last (Arlen and Gershwin)
Lose That Long Face (Arlen and Gershwin)
1988 soundtrack release[edit]
Overture
Gotta Have Me Go with You
The Man That Got Away
Born in a Trunk Medley
Here's What I'm Here For
It's a New World
Someone at Last
Lose That Long Face
2004 soundtrack release[edit]
Overture
Night of the Stars (Instrumental)
Gotta Have Me Go with You
Norman At Home (Instrumental)
Passion Oriental (Instrumental)
The Man That Got Away
Cheatin' On Me (Instrumental)
I'm Qutting The Band (Instrumental)
The Man That Got Away (Instrumental)
Esther in the Boarding House (Instrumental)
Oliver Niles Studio (Instrumental)
Esther's Awful Makeup (Instrumental)
First Day in the Studio (Instrumental)
Born in a Trunk Medley
Easy Come, Easy Go (Instrumental)
Here's What I'm Here For
The Honeymoon (Instrumental)
It's a New World
Someone at Last
Lose That Long Face
Norman Overhears the Conversation (Instrumental)
It's a New World (Alternate Take)
The Last Swim (Instrumental)
Finale/End Credits (Instrumental)
Bonus Tracks
When My Sugar Walks Down the Street
The Trinidad Coconut Oil Shampoo
2005 soundtrack release[edit]
Gotta Have Me Go with You
The Man That Got Away
Born In a Trunk Medley
Here's What I'm Here For
It's a New World
Someone at Last
Lose That Long Face
Bonus Tracks (Judy Garland studio recordings for Decca Records)
Over the Rainbow (Recorded July 28, 1939)
I'm Nobody's Baby (Recorded April 10, 1940)
For Me and My Gal (with Gene Kelly) (Recorded July 26, 1942)
When You Wore a Tulip (And I Wore a Big Red Rose) (with Gene Kelly) (Recorded July 26, 1942)
Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas (Recorded April 20, 1944)
The Boy Next Door (Recorded April 20, 1944)
The Trolley Song (Recorded April 20, 1944)
Meet Me in St. Louis (Recorded April 21, 1944)
On the Atchison, Topeka, and the Santa Fe (with The Merry Macs) (Recorded July 7, 1945)
Home media[edit]
Warner Home Video released the 176-minute 1983 "restored" version on DVD in letterbox widescreen format on September 19, 2000. The film was digitally remastered from original CinemaScope elements for superior picture clarity and optimal audio vitality and features an remastered English audio soundtrack in Dolby Digital 5.1 and subtitles in English and French. Bonus features include the network telecast of the September 29, 1954 Hollywood premiere at the Pantages Theatre; highlights from the post-premiere party at the Cocoanut Grove; three alternative filmings of "The Man That Got Away" with additional original recording session music; a short musical sequence that appeared in a test screening but was deleted before the film's official premiere, "When My Sugar Walks Down the Street" (which was to be part of the extended "Born in a Trunk" sequence); and the theatrical trailers for this, the 1937 original, and the 1976 remake.
On June 22, 2010, Warner Home Video released the film on Blu-ray and DVD. The original production negative has been restored and transferred to video at 6K resolution,[18] one of the first films transferred at such a high rate, however according to a Warner press release, no new footage has been found. The restoration "has meticulously preserved and restored Ronald Haver's 176-minute version of A Star Is Born to its original luster, bringing back the brilliant, saturated colors and crisp picture."
See also[edit]
List of American films of 1954
List of films cut over the director's opposition
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Box Office Information for A Star Is Born. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
Jump up ^ 'The Top Box-Office Hits of 1955', Variety Weekly, January 25, 1956
Jump up ^ "All Time Domestic Champs", Variety, 6 January 1960 p. 34
Jump up ^ "A Star is Born 1954". Turner Classic Movies. Atlanta: Turner Broadcasting System (Time Warner). Retrieved September 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ "A Star is Born 1937". Turner Classic Movies. Atlanta: Turner Broadcasting System (Time Warner). Retrieved September 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ McGilligan, Patrick, George Cukor: A Double Life. New York: St. Martin's Press 1991. ISBN 0-312-05419-X, p. 217
^ Jump up to: a b c "Judy Garland Database film review: "A Star Is Born"". Archived from the original on 2009-01-20.
Jump up ^ McGilligan, pp. 217–18
Jump up ^ Jaynes, Barbara Grant; Trachtenberg, Robert. Cary Grant: A Class Apart. Burbank, California: Turner Classic Movies (TCM) and Turner Entertainment. 2004.
Jump up ^ McGilligan, pp. 219–20
Jump up ^ McGilligan, pp. 224–26
Jump up ^ McGilligan, p. 226
Jump up ^ McGilligan, pp. 236–37
Jump up ^ "Movie Review – The Screen: 'A Star Is Born' Bows; Judy Garland, James Mason in Top Roles". NYTimes.com.
Jump up ^ "A Star Is Born (1954)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. Retrieved October 3, 2018.
Jump up ^ McNary, Dave. "Lady Gaga-Bradley Cooper's 'A Star Is Born' Gets 2018 Release Date". Variety.com. Archived from the original on 8 January 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Gershe received sole credit due to a contractual issue. Personal letter from Gershe to Jim Johnson Archived 2009-01-20 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "The Truth About 6K - Sound & Vision".
Further reading[edit]
Haver, Ronald (1988). A Star Is Born: The Making of the 1954 Movie and Its 1983 Restoration (hardcover) (first ed.). New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0-394-53714-9. Free preview at Amazon.com
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: A Star Is Born (1954 film)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to A Star Is Born.
A Star Is Born on IMDb
A Star Is Born at the TCM Movie Database
A Star Is Born at Rotten Tomatoes
A Star Is Born at AllMovie
A Star is Born at TheJudyRoom.com
A Star Is Born discography at TheJudyRoom.com
A Star Is Born on Lux Radio Theater: December 28, 1942. Starring Judy Garland and Walter Pidgeon.
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Lauren Bittner
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Lauren Bittner
Born
(1980-07-22) July 22, 1980 (age 38)
New York City, New York, U.S.
Years active
2004–present
Lauren Bittner (born July 22, 1980) is an American actress.
Contents
1 Life and career
2 Filmography
3 References
4 External links
Life and career[edit]
Bittner was born in New York City. She is best known for her role as Julie in Paranormal Activity 3.[1] Bittner has also appeared in The Thing About My Folks, Flannel Pajamas, Gardener of Eden, Bride Wars, The Mighty Macs, and Subject: I Love You.
Bittner was cast as a series regular on the Lifetime drama series Secret Lives of Wives.[2]
Filmography[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2004
Third Watch Amber Episode: "Purgatory"
2005
The Thing About My Folks Baseball Cutie
2006 Lovebites Katie
Nobody's Watching Jill Nolan TV pilot
Flannel Pajamas Amanda
Law & Order: Criminal Intent Amanda Breen Episode: "Wasichu"
2007 Spellbound Alex TV pilot
The Black Donnellys Mary Ann Maxwell 2 episodes
Gardener of Eden Laura
2009 Bride Wars Amie
Once More with Feeling Susan
The Mighty Macs Mary Margaret O'Malley
2010
Worn Emma Short film
2011 Subject: I Love You Rena
Paranormal Activity 3 Julie
2012
Blue Bloods Alyssa Mulrow Episode: "Risk and Reward"[3]
2013
The Secret Lives of Wives Jessie
2013–2014
Hart of Dixie Vivian Wilkes 12 episodes
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "EXCLUSIVE: Lauren Bittner Talks Paranormal Activity 3 Blu-ray". 17 January 2012. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (10 October 2012). "Clarke Peters, Lauren Bittner, And Thomas Wright Join AMC, Lifetime & FX Drama Pilots". Retrieved 22 June 2018.
Jump up ^ "Risk and Reward". 26 October 2012. Retrieved 22 June 2018 – via www.imdb.com.
External links[edit]
Lauren Bittner on IMDb
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BNF: cb165835896 (data)
ISNI: 0000 0003 6712 8933
VIAF: 232556055
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lauren_Bittner&oldid=851347425"
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