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Breakfast at Tiffany's (film)
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Breakfast at Tiffany's
Original theatrical release poster
Directed by
Blake Edwards
Produced by
Martin Jurow
Richard Shepherd
Screenplay by
George Axelrod
Based on
Breakfast at Tiffany's
by Truman Capote
Starring
Audrey Hepburn
George Peppard
Patricia Neal
Buddy Ebsen
Martin Balsam
Mickey Rooney
Music by
Henry Mancini
Cinematography
Franz F. Planer
Uncredited:
Philip H. Lathrop
Edited by
Howard Smith
Production
company
Jurow-Shepherd
Distributed by
Paramount Pictures
Release date
October 5, 1961 (1961-10-05)
Running time
114 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Portuguese
Budget
$2.5 million
Box office
$14 million
Breakfast at Tiffany's is a 1961 American romantic comedy film directed by Blake Edwards and written by George Axelrod, loosely based on Truman Capote's novella of the same name. Starring Audrey Hepburn and George Peppard, and featuring Patricia Neal, Buddy Ebsen, Martin Balsam, and Mickey Rooney, the film was initially released on October 5, 1961 by Paramount Pictures.
Hepburn's portrayal of Holly Golightly as the naïve, eccentric socialite is generally considered to be the actress's most memorable and identifiable role. Hepburn regarded it as one of her most challenging roles, since she was an introvert required to play an extrovert.[2]
Breakfast at Tiffany's was received positively at the time, and won two Academy Awards: Best Original Score and Best Original Song for "Moon River", which was also selected as the fourth most memorable song in Hollywood history by the American Film Institute in 2004. The film was also nominated for three other Academy Awards: Best Actress for Hepburn, Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Art Direction.
In 2012, the film was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
3.1 Development
3.2 Pre-production
3.3 Principal photography
3.4 Music
4 Reception
4.1 Critical response
4.2 Influence
4.3 Portrayal of Mr. Yunioshi and Yellowface controversy
5 Awards and honors
5.1 Academy Awards
5.2 Other awards
6 Soundtrack
6.1 List of songs
7 Home media
8 Stage adaptations
9 See also
10 References
11 Further reading
12 External links
Plot[edit]
Early one morning, a taxi pulls up at Tiffany & Co. on Fifth Avenue in New York City, from which elegantly dressed Holly Golightly (Audrey Hepburn) emerges. After looking into the shop's windows, she strolls home. Outside her apartment, she fends off Sid Arbuck (Claude Stroud), her date from the disastrous night before. Inside the apartment building, Holly can't find her keys so she buzzes her landlord, Mr. Yunioshi (Mickey Rooney), who begrudgingly lets her in. Later, she is awakened by new neighbor Paul Varjak (George Peppard), who rings her doorbell to get into the building. The pair chat as she dresses to leave for her weekly visit to Sally Tomato (Alan Reed), a mobster incarcerated at Sing Sing prison. Tomato's lawyer, O'Shaughnessy, pays her $100 a week to deliver "the weather report", evidently a coded verbal message.
Audrey Hepburn as Holly Golightly
As she is leaving for Sing Sing, Holly is introduced to Paul's "decorator", wealthy older woman Emily Eustace Failenson (Patricia Neal), whom Paul nicknames "2E". That night, Holly goes out onto the fire escape to elude an over-eager date (Mel Blanc). She peeks into Paul's apartment and sees 2E leaving money and kissing Paul goodbye. After 2E leaves, Holly enters Paul's apartment and learns that he is a writer who has not had anything published since a book of vignettes five years before. Holly, in turn, explains that she is trying to save money to support her brother Fred when he gets out of the Army. The pair fall asleep, but are awakened when Holly has a nightmare about Fred. When Paul questions her about this, Holly chides him for prying and leaves. She later buys Paul a typewriter ribbon to apologize and invites him to a lively party at her apartment. There, Paul meets her Hollywood agent, O. J. Berman (Martin Balsam), who describes Holly's transformation from country girl into Manhattan socialite. He is also introduced to José da Silva Pereira (José Luis de Vilallonga), a wealthy Brazilian politician and rancher, and Rusty Trawler (Stanley Adams), the "ninth richest man in America under 50".
In the days that follow, Paul and Holly become closer. The next day, 2E enters Paul's apartment, worried that she is being followed. Paul tells her that he will investigate and eventually confronts Doc Golightly (Buddy Ebsen), Holly's estranged husband. Doc, an elderly veterinarian and widower, explains on a park bench that Holly's real name is Lula Mae Barnes. They married when she was 14, and he wants to take her back to rural Texas, as her brother Fred will be returning in a few months after Army service. After Paul reunites Holly and Doc, she tells Paul the marriage was annulled. At the Greyhound bus station, she tells Doc she will not return to Texas with him. Doc leaves town, broken-hearted.
After drinking at a club, Paul and Holly return to her apartment, where she drunkenly tells him that she plans to marry Trawler for his money. A few days later, Paul learns that one of his short stories will be published. On the way to tell Holly, he sees a newspaper headline stating that Trawler has married someone else. Holly and Paul agree to spend the day together, taking turns doing things that each has never done before, including visiting the city public library together. At Tiffany's, Paul has the ring from Doc Golightly's box of Cracker Jack engraved as a present for Holly. After spending the night together, he awakens to find her gone. When 2E arrives, Paul ends their relationship. She calmly accepts, having earlier concluded that he and some other woman are in love.
Holly schemes to marry José for his money, which angers Paul. After Holly receives a telegram notifying her of Fred's death, she trashes her apartment. Months later, Paul has moved out. He is invited to dinner by Holly, who is leaving the next morning for Brazil to continue her relationship with José. However, they are arrested in connection with Sally Tomato's drug ring, and Holly spends the night in jail.
The next morning, Holly is released on bail and finds Paul waiting, and they take a cab. He has her cat and a letter from José explaining he must end their relationship due to her arrest. Holly insists she will go to Brazil anyway, asks the cab to pull over, and releases the cat into the rain. Paul confronts Holly about his love and her behavior, then leaves, tossing the Cracker Jack ring they had engraved for her by Tiffany's into her lap and telling her to examine her life. She goes through a decision making moment, puts on the ring, and runs after Paul, who has gone looking for the cat. She searches the alley and finally finds the cat. Paul and Holly look into each other's eyes and share a kiss.
Cast[edit]
Audrey Hepburn as Holly Golightly / Lula Mae Barnes
George Peppard as Paul Varjak (nicknamed "Fred" by Holly, for his resemblance to her brother)
Patricia Neal as Mrs. Emily Eustace "2E" Failenson
Buddy Ebsen as Doc Golightly
Martin Balsam as O.J. Berman
Mickey Rooney as I. Y. Yunioshi
Alan Reed as Sally Tomato
José Luis de Vilallonga as José da Silva Pereira (credited as Vilallonga)
Stanley Adams as Rutherford "Rusty" Trawler
John McGiver as Tiffany's salesman
Dorothy Whitney as Mag Wildwood
Claude Stroud as Sid Arbuck
Orangey as the cat (credited as "Cat"; Frank Inn, Trainer)
Beverly Powers as the stripper (credited as Miss Beverly Hills)
Elvia Allman as the librarian
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
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The Oscar-nominated screenplay was written by George Axelrod, loosely based on the novella by Truman Capote. Changes were made to fit the medium of cinema and to correspond to the filmmakers' vision.
Pre-production[edit]
Capote, who sold the film rights of his novella to Paramount Studios, wanted Marilyn Monroe to play Holly Golightly, whom he had described perfectly in the book. Barry Paris cites Capote's own comments on the choice of actress: "Marilyn was always my first choice to play the girl, Holly Golightly." Screenwriter Axelrod was hired to "tailor the screenplay for Monroe". When Lee Strasberg advised Monroe that playing a "lady of the evening" would be bad for her image, she turned it down and performed in The Misfits instead. When Hepburn was cast instead of Monroe, Capote remarked: "Paramount double-crossed me in every way and cast Audrey".[4] Shirley MacLaine was also offered the part of Holly, but she turned it down and performed in Two Loves instead.[5]
Originally producers Martin Jurow and Richard Shepherd had picked John Frankenheimer as the director,[citation needed] but Hepburn said: "I've never heard of him" and he was replaced on her request.
Principal photography[edit]
Hepburn in the opening scene.
Most of the exteriors were filmed in New York City, except the fire escape scenes and the alley scene at the end in the rain where Holly puts Cat out of the cab and then Paul and Holly look for Cat. All of the interiors, except for portions of the scene inside Tiffany & Company, were filmed on the Paramount Studios lot in Hollywood.[citation needed]
According to one report the film's on-location opening sequence, in which Holly gazes into a Tiffany's display window, was extremely difficult for director Blake Edwards to shoot. Although it was simple in concept, crowd control, Hepburn's dislike of pastries, and an accident that nearly resulted in the electrocution of a crew member are all said to have made capturing the scene a challenge. However, another report claims that the sequence was captured rather quickly due to the good fortune of an unexpected traffic lull.[6]
Music[edit]
“ It took me a long time to figure out what Holly Golightly was all about. One night after midnight I was still trying. I don't drink much, but I was sipping. And it came to me. I wrote ["Moon River"] in half an hour. ”
— Henry Mancini[7]
During the film, Hepburn sang the film's signature song, "Moon River" by Henry Mancini and Johnny Mercer. The song was tailored to Hepburn's limited vocal range, based on songs she had performed in 1957's Funny Face.[8] On the Anniversary Edition DVD of Breakfast at Tiffany's co-producer Richard Shepherd says in his audio commentary that after a preview in San Francisco, Martin Rankin, Paramount's head of production, wanted "Moon River" replaced with music by somebody like Gordon Jenkins (whose album Manhattan Tower had been out fairly recently): "Marty [Jurow, co-producer] and I both said 'over our dead bodies.'"[9] According to Mancini and Edwards, a studio executive hated the song and demanded it be cut from the film; Hepburn, who was present, responded to the suggestion by standing up and saying, "Over my dead body!"[10]
According to Time magazine, Mancini "sets off his melodies with a walking bass, extends them with choral and string variations, varies them with the brisk sounds of combo jazz. 'Moon River' is sobbed by a plaintive harmonica, repeated by strings, hummed and then sung by the chorus, finally resolved with the harmonica again."[7]
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
Time magazine noted "for the first half hour or so, Hollywood's Holly (Audrey Hepburn) is not much different from Capote's. She has kicked the weed and lost the illegitimate child she was having, but she is still jolly Holly, the child bride from Tulip, Texas, who at 15 runs away to Hollywood to find some of the finer things of life—like shoes." It pointed out that "after that out-of-Capote beginning, Director Blake Edwards (High Time) goes on to an out-of-character end."[11] Almost a half century later, Time commented on the pivotal impact of Hepburn's portrayal of Golightly:[12]
Breakfast at Tiffany's set Hepburn on her 60s Hollywood course. Holly Golightly, small-town Southern girl turned Manhattan trickster, was the naughty American cousin of Eliza Doolittle, Cockney flower girl turned My Fair Lady. Holly was also the prototype for the Hepburn women in Charade, Paris When It Sizzles, and How to Steal a Million: kooks in capers. And she prepared audiences for the ground-level anxieties that Hepburn characters endured in The Children's Hour, Two for the Road and Wait Until Dark.
The New York Times called the film a "completely unbelievable but wholly captivating flight into fancy composed of unequal dollops of comedy, romance, poignancy, funny colloquialisms and Manhattan's swankiest East Side areas captured in the loveliest of colors". In reviewing the performances, the newspaper said Holly Golightly is
as implausible as ever. But in the person of Miss Hepburn, she is a genuinely charming, elfin waif who will be believed and adored when seen. George Peppard is casual and, for the most part, a subdued citizen who seems to like observing better than participating in the proceedings. Martin Balsam makes a properly brash, snappy Hollywood agent. Mickey Rooney's bucktoothed, myopic Japanese is broadly exotic. Patricia Neal is simply cool and brisk in her few appearances as Mr. Peppard's sponsor and Vilallonga, is properly suave and Continental as Miss Hepburn's Brazilian, while Buddy Ebsen has a brief poignant moment as Miss Hepburn's husband.[13]
Truman Capote hated Hepburn in the lead part. Capote biographer Gerald Clarke, deemed the film a "valentine" to free-spirited women rather than a cautionary tale about a little girl lost in the big city. "The movie is a confection — a sugar and spice confection."[14]
Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes retrospectively collected reviews from 49 critics and gives the film a rating of 88%, with an average rating of 7.4 out of 10. The site's consensus states: "It contains some ugly anachronisms, but Blake Edwards is at his funniest in this iconic classic, and Audrey Hepburn absolutely lights up the screen."[15]
Influence[edit]
Audrey Hepburn as Holly Golightly in the film's trailer
Hepburn as Holly, with her hair in a high chignon and carrying an oversized cigarette holder, is considered one of the most iconic images of 20th century American cinema.[16] Another iconic item throughout the movie is Holly's sunglasses. Often misidentified as Ray-Ban, they are Manhattan sunglasses designed and manufactured in London by Oliver Goldsmith. In 2011 the model was re-released to mark the 50th anniversary of Breakfast at Tiffany's.[17] One of three dresses designed by Givenchy for Hepburn for possible use in the film sold at auction by Christie's[18] on December 5, 2006 for £467,200 (~US$947,000), about seven times the reserve price.[19] The "Little Black Dress" by Givenchy, worn by Hepburn in the beginning of the film, is cited as one of the most iconic items of clothing in the history of the twentieth century and is, perhaps, the most famous little black dress of all time.[20][21][22][23] A second "little black dress" in Breakfast at Tiffany's, along with its wide-brimmed hat, was worn by Hepburn as Holly when she goes to visit mobster Sally Tomato at Sing Sing Prison. This dress was paid homage as one of the dresses worn by Anne Hathaway's character Selina Kyle, Catwoman's alter ego, in Christopher Nolan's The Dark Knight Rises; the comic book Catwoman character was originally drawn based on Hepburn, according to Catwoman comic cover artist Adam Hughes, creating a double homage to Hepburn's Holly Golightly in Hathaway's Catwoman.[24]
The film rejuvenated the career of 1930s movie song-and-dance man and Disney Davy Crockett sidekick Buddy Ebsen, who had a small but effective role in this film as Doc Golightly, Holly's ex-husband. His success here led directly to his best-known role as Jed Clampett on The Beverly Hillbillies.[25]
A diamond necklace at Tiffany's that Hepburn scorned as too flashy, was the Tiffany Yellow Diamond, which she wore in publicity photos for the film. Tiffany's profile, while already established as a pre-eminent luxury retailer, was further boosted by the film.[26]
Portrayal of Mr. Yunioshi and Yellowface controversy[edit]
I. Y. Yuniyoshi naked in bath.
Main article: I. Y. Yunioshi
For his portrayal of I. Y. Yunioshi, Mickey Rooney wore makeup and a prosthetic mouthpiece to change his features to a caricatured approximation of a Japanese person. Since the 1990s, this portrayal has been subject to increasing protest by Asian Americans, among others. For instance, in the film Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story (1993), Breakfast at Tiffany's is used as an illustration of Hollywood's racist depiction of Asian people when Bruce Lee and his future wife, Linda, see the film and Linda suggests they leave when she notices that Bruce is upset at Rooney's caricatured performance.
In his audio commentary for the DVD release, producer Richard Shepherd said that at the time of production as well as in retrospect, he wanted to recast the role "not because he [Rooney] didn't play the part well" but because Shepherd thought the part of Mr. Yunioshi should be performed by an actor of Japanese ethnicity; it was director Blake Edwards' decision to keep Rooney.[27] In a "making-of" for the 45th anniversary edition DVD release, Shepherd repeatedly apologizes, saying, "If we could just change Mickey Rooney, I'd be thrilled with the movie."[28] Director Blake Edwards stated, "Looking back, I wish I had never done it... and I would give anything to be able to recast it, but it's there, and onward and upward."[28]
In a 2008 interview about the film, 87-year-old Rooney said he was heartbroken about the criticism:
Blake Edwards... wanted me to do it because he was a comedy director. They hired me to do this overboard, and we had fun doing it.... Never in all the more than 40 years after we made it – not one complaint. Every place I've gone in the world people say, "God, you were so funny." Asians and Chinese come up to me and say, "Mickey you were out of this world."[29]
Rooney also said that if he had known the portrayal would be offensive, "I wouldn't have done it. Those that didn't like it, I forgive them and God bless America, God bless the universe, God bless Japanese, Chinese, Indians, all of them and let's have peace."[29]
The film continues to draw criticism for this racist caricature, particularly when the movie is selected as a "classic" screened in public spaces, supported by tax dollars. In 2011, a SyFy and Brooklyn Bridge Park Corporation screening inspired petitions.[30]
Awards and honors[edit]
Academy Awards[edit]
Award[31]
Person
Best Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture Henry Mancini
Best Original Song: "Moon River" Henry Mancini
Johnny Mercer
Nominated:
Best Actress in a Leading Role Audrey Hepburn
Best Art Direction Hal Pereira
Roland Anderson
Sam Comer
Ray Moyer
Best Adapted Screenplay George Axelrod
Other awards[edit]
Golden Globe Awards, 1961: Best picture (musical or comedy)
Golden Globe Awards, 1961: Best actress (musical or comedy) – Audrey Hepburn
Henry Mancini won the Grammy Award for Best Soundtrack Album or Recording or Score.
George Axelrod won the Writers Guild of America, East for Best Written American Drama.
Blake Edwards was nominated for the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures.
Orangey the cat won the 1962 PATSY Award of the American Humane Association for his portrayal of "the poor slob without a name".[citation needed]
The film was ranked #486 on Empire's The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time list for 2008.[32]
National Film Registry, 2012
American Film Institute ranked the film #61 in 100 Years...100 Passions and "Moon River" as #4 in 100 Years...100 Songs.
Soundtrack[edit]
Main article: Breakfast at Tiffany's: Music from the Motion Picture
The soundtrack featured a score composed and conducted by Henry Mancini, with songs by Mancini and lyricist Johnny Mercer. Mancini and Mercer won the 1961 Oscar for Best Original Song for "Moon River". Mancini won for Best Original Score. There are also unreleased score pieces from Breakfast at Tiffany's in existence; "Carousel Cue" is from an unsurfaced scene, while "Outtake 1" is from a deleted scene in which Holly and Fred visit Tiffany's and is a variation of the main theme.
List of songs[edit]
"Moon River"
"Something for Cat"
"Sally's Tomato"
"Mr. Yunioshi"
"The Big Blow Out"
"Hub Caps and Tail Lights"
"Breakfast at Tiffany's"
"Latin Golightly"
"Holly"
"Loose Caboose"
"The Big Heist"
"Moon River [Cha Cha]"
In 2013 Intrada released the complete score in its original film performance (as with many soundtrack albums by Mancini and others at the time, the album released alongside the film was a re-recording).
Main Title (Moon River) (3:07)
Paul Meets Cat (1:24)
Sally’s Tomato (4:57)
The Big Blowout (1:05)
Poor Fred (3:22)
Moon River (Cha Cha) (2:32)
Latin Golightly (3:05)
Something For Cat (4:48)
Loose Caboose – Part 1 (À La Cha Cha) (3:22)
Loose Caboose – Part 2 (2:11)
Moon River (Vocal By Audrey Hepburn) (2:03)
Meet The Doc (With Organ Grinder) (1:37)
An Exceptional Person (2:57)
You’re So Skinny (0:57)
Turkey Eggs (2:43)
Hub Caps And Tail Lights (2:19)
Rats And Super Rats (2:27)
The Hard Way (0:55)
Rusty Trawler (0:26)
Holly (1:56)
A Lovely Place (1:33)
Bermuda Nights (0:22)
The Big Heist (4:02)
After The Ball (1:14)
Just Like Holly (1:41)
Wait A Minute (0:44)
Feathers (1:14)
Let’s Eat (1:39)
Where’s The Cat? And End Title (Moon River) (3:50)
Moon River (Audrey Hepburn & Guitar) (1:38)
Moon River (Piano And Guitar) (1:38)
Moon River (Harmonica And Guitar) (1:36)
Meet The Doc (Without Organ Grinder) (1:37)
Piano Practice No. 1 (1:38)
Piano Practice No. 2 (1:48)
Piano Practice No. 3 (0:54)
Moon River (New York Version) (2:01)
Moon River (Whistling) (0:10)
Home media[edit]
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Breakfast at Tiffany's was one of the first Hepburn films to be released to the home video market in the early 1980s,[citation needed] and is also widely available on DVD. On February 7, 2006, Paramount released a 45th anniversary special edition DVD set in North America with featurettes not included on the prior DVD release:
Audio Commentary – with producer Richard Shepherd
Breakfast at Tiffany's: The Making of a Classic – a making-of featurette with interviews by Edwards, Neal, the "laughing/crying" woman from the party, and Sean Ferrer, Hepburn's son.
It's So Audrey! A Style Icon – a short tribute to Hepburn.
Brilliance in a Blue Box – a brief history of Tiffany & Co.
Audrey's Letter to Tiffany – an accounting of Hepburn's letter to Tiffany & Co. on the occasion of the company's 150th anniversary in 1987.
Original Theatrical Trailer
Photo Gallery
On January 13, 2009, a remastered Centennial Collection version of the film was released. In addition to the special features on the 45th anniversary edition, this version includes:
A Golightly Gathering – Reuniting some of the past cast members from the party with interviews on their experiences filming that segment.
Henry Mancini: More Than Music – A featurette about Henry Mancini, "Moon River" and interviews with Mancini's wife and children.
Mr. Yunioshi: An Asian Perspective – Documentary discussing the reaction and Asian perspective of the character of Mr. Yunioshi, one of the most controversial characters in film.
Behind the Gates – A tour through Paramount Studios
In 2011 a newly remastered HD version of the film was released on Blu-ray with many of the features from the aforementioned DVDs. The digital restoration of the film was done by Paramount Pictures. The digital pictures were frame by frame digitally restored at Prasad Corporation to remove dirt, tears, scratches and other artifacts. The film was restored to its original look for its 50th Anniversary.[33][34]
Stage adaptations[edit]
In 1966, David Merrick produced a Broadway musical of the same name starring Mary Tyler Moore as Holly Golightly and Richard Chamberlain as Paul. The troubled production closed after four previews.
In 2004, a new musical adaptation of the film made its world debut at The Muny in St. Louis.[35]
In May 2009, actress Anna Friel confirmed that she would star in a West End adaptation of the film. The show opened in September 2009 at the Haymarket Theatre.[36]
A new stage adaption made its debut in March 2013 at the Cort Theater in New York City. The role of Holly Golightly would be played by Emilia Clarke.[37]
See also[edit]
Male prostitution in the arts
Portrayal of East Asians in Hollywood
Whitewashing in film
List of Academy Award-winning films
List of American films of 1961
List of Audrey Hepburn credits
List of comedy films of the 1960s
List of films set in New York City
List of Paramount Pictures films
List of short fiction made into feature films
List of fictional books from non-print media
Academy Award portal
Comedy portal
Film in the United States portal
1960s portal
References[edit]
Notes
Jump up ^ "Breakfast at Tiffany's (PG)". British Board of Film Classification. January 8, 2001. Retrieved August 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ Spoto, Donald (2006). Enchantment: The Life of Audrey Hepburn. New York: Harmony Books. p. 204. ISBN 0-307-23758-3.
Jump up ^ King, Susan. "National Film Registry selects 25 films for preservation " Los Angeles Times (December 19, 2012)
Jump up ^ Barry Paris (1996). Audrey Hepburn. Berkley Books.
Jump up ^ Foerster, Jonathan (9 February 2011). "Shirley MacLaine isn't getting old, she's just advanced". Naples Daily News. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
Jump up ^ 25 Things You May Not Know About 'Breakfast at Tiffany's' at moviefone.com, 5 Oct 2011
^ Jump up to: a b "Movies: Never Too Much Music". Time. May 25, 1962. Retrieved 2010-10-03.
Jump up ^ Spoto, Donald. Enchantment: The Life of Audrey Hepburn. New York: Harmony Books, 2006. Page 204 – 205. ISBN 0-307-23758-3
Jump up ^ Shepherd, Richard. Breakfast at Tiffany's – Anniversary Edition/Centennial Edition audio commentary (DVD). Paramount. Event occurs at 25:20.
Jump up ^ Erwin, Ellen; Diamond, Jessica Z. (October 2006). The Audrey Hepburn Treasures. New York: Atria Books. p. 107. ISBN 978-0-7432-8986-3.
Jump up ^ "Cinema: Once Over Golightly". Time. October 20, 1961. Retrieved 2010-10-03.
Jump up ^ Corliss, Richard (January 20, 2007). "Audrey Hepburn: Still the Fairest Lady". Time. Retrieved 2010-10-03.
Jump up ^ Weiler, A.H. (October 6, 1961). "The Screen: Breakfast at Tiffany's: Audrey Hepburn Stars in Music Hall Comedy". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-10-03.
Jump up ^ "Capote never liked Hepburn in iconic role". Today.com. Associated Press. Retrieved 10 November 2014.
Jump up ^ Breakfast at Tiffany's at Rotten Tomatoes
Jump up ^ Spoto, Donald. Enchantment: The Life of Audrey Hepburn. New York: Harmony Books, 2006. Page 203. ISBN 0-307-23758-3
Jump up ^ Moss, Rob (28 July 2011). "Re-released Manhattan sunglasses mark 50th anniversary of Breakfast at Tiffany's". Eye Wear Glasses. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "Audrey Hepburn Breakfast At Tiffany's, 1961". Christie's. 5 December 2006. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "Auction frenzy over Hepburn dress". BBC NEWS. 2006-12-05.
Jump up ^ "The Most Famous Dresses Ever". Glamour.com. April 2007. Retrieved 16 May 2011.
Jump up ^ "Audrey Hepburn dress". Hello Magazine. 6 December 2006.
Jump up ^ "Audrey Hepburn's little black dress tops fashion list". The Independent. 17 May 2010. Retrieved 16 May 2011.
Jump up ^ Steele, Valerie (9 November 2010). The Berg Companion to Fashion. Berg Publishers. p. 483. ISBN 978-1-84788-592-0. Retrieved 16 May 2011.
Jump up ^ Miller, Jacqui. Fan Phenomena: Audrey Hepburn. Ed. Jacqui Miller. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014. p. 26-27. ISBN 978-1-78320-206-5.
Jump up ^ Biography for Buddy Ebsen on IMDb
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ Shepherd, Richard. Breakfast at Tiffany's – Anniversary Edition/Centennial Edition audio commentary (DVD). Paramount. Event occurs at 3:43.
^ Jump up to: a b Breakfast at Tiffany's: The Making of a Classic
^ Jump up to: a b Magagnini, Stephen (September 28, 2008). "Mickey Rooney upset about claims his 'Tiffany's' role is racist". Sacramento Bee. Scripps Howard News Service. Archived from the original on December 5, 2008. Retrieved 2010-10-03.
Jump up ^ http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/07/13/brooklyn-breakfast-at-tiffanys_n_897557.html
Jump up ^ "NY Times: Breakfast at Tiffany's". NY Times. Retrieved 2008-12-24.
Jump up ^ "Empire: Features". Empireonline.com. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
Jump up ^ examiner.com, Digital restoration will celebrate Breakfast at Tiffany’s 50th
Jump up ^ oscars.org, Academy to Celebrate 50th Anniversary of "Breakfast at Tiffany's"
Jump up ^ "Show Archives". The Muny. Archived from the original on May 28, 2008. Retrieved May 16, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Entertainment | West End Breakfast for Anna Friel". BBC News. 2009-05-15. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
Jump up ^ "Breakfast At Tiffany's—The Official Broadway Site". Retrieved 12 April 2013.
Further reading[edit]
Breakfast at Tiffany's, by George Axelrod. Published by Paramount Home Entertainment (UK), 1960. (film script)
Breakfast at Tiffany's: A Short Novel and Three Stories, by Truman Capote. Published by Random House, 1958.
Breakfast at Tiffany's: Complete Dialogues
Breakfast at Tiffany's: 50 years on
Wasson, Sam. Fifth Avenue, 5 A.M.: Audrey Hepburn, Breakfast at Tiffany's, and the Dawn of the Modern Woman. ISBN 978-0061774164.
External links[edit]
Find more aboutBreakfast at Tiffany's (film)at Wikipedia's sister projects
Media from Wikimedia Commons
Quotations from Wikiquote
Breakfast at Tiffany's on IMDb
Breakfast at Tiffany's at the TCM Movie Database
Breakfast at Tiffany's at AllMovie
Breakfast at Tiffany's at the American Film Institute Catalog
Breakfast at Tiffany's at Rotten Tomatoes
[show]
v
t
e
Films directed by Blake Edwards
Bring Your Smile Along (1955)
He Laughed Last (1956)
Mister Cory (1957)
This Happy Feeling (1958)
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Operation Petticoat (1959)
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10 (1979)
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[show]
v
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Works by Truman Capote
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Bright (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Bright
Film release poster
Directed by
David Ayer
Produced by
Eric Newman
David Ayer
Bryan Unkeless
Ted Sarandos
Written by
Max Landis
Starring
Will Smith
Joel Edgerton
Noomi Rapace
Lucy Fry
Édgar Ramírez
Ike Barinholtz
Music by
David Sardy
Cinematography
Roman Vasyanov
Edited by
Michael Tronick
Production
company
Overbrook Entertainment
Trigger Warning Entertainment
Grand Electric
Netflix
Distributed by
Netflix
Release date
December 13, 2017 (2017-12-13) (Regency Village Theater)
December 22, 2017 (2017-12-22)
Running time
118 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$90 million[1]
Bright is a 2017 American urban fantasy crime film directed by David Ayer and written by Max Landis.[2][3] The film stars Will Smith as a Los Angeles Police Department police officer who teams up with an orc rookie police officer (Joel Edgerton) in a world of both human and mythical creatures.[4] It also stars Noomi Rapace, Lucy Fry, Édgar Ramírez, and Ike Barinholtz.
Principal photography began in November 2016 in Los Angeles. The film was released worldwide on Netflix on December 22, 2017, and became one of the site's most streamed programs ever, although it received negative reviews from critics.[5]
Contents
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
3.1 Filming
4 Reception
4.1 Critical response
4.2 Audience response
5 Soundtrack
5.1 Charts
6 Sequel
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Plot[edit]
In an alternate present, humans coexist with eight other sentient races, including orcs, elves, centaurs, goblins, dwarves and creatures like faries and dragons. Magic is known to be real, but is seldom encountered, since magic wands are exceedingly rare and only special persons known as "Brights" can handle, much less use them.
In Los Angeles, veteran LAPD officer Daryl Ward has been involuntarily partnered with Nick Jakoby, the nation's first orcish police officer, equally detested by his brother officers for his race and other orcs for being a policeman. Ward's relationship with Jakoby has been awkward since Ward was wounded by an Orc armed robber that Jakoby failed to apprehend, and the LAPD's Internal Affairs division suspects Jakoby let the robber escape on purpose.
One night, Ward and Jakoby respond to a disturbance at what turns out to be a safe house for the "Shield of Light", an extremist group that prophesies the return of the "Dark Lord", a semi-mythical figure from thousands of years ago that was defeated by a combined army of the nine races. Inside, Ward and Jakoby apprehend the lone survivor, an elf girl named Tikka in possession of a wand.
Ward calls for backup, but the moment the four arriving officers see the wand, they try to coerce Ward into killing Jakoby and letting them steal the wand for themselves, reminding Ward that Jakoby has already betrayed him by letting the robber escape.
Ward goes outside and demands the truth about the robber; Jakoby explains that the first orc escaped from him and Jakoby mistakenly apprehended a second, younger one (realizing from his scent that he was not Ward's shooter), then helped him escape from the arriving backup officers, knowing that they would probably gun the kid down on the spot without asking questions.
When the four officers appear behind Ward, planning to kill both him and Jakoby, Ward turns and shoots them down before they can return fire. The gunfire attracts the attention of the local Hispanic gang, whose wheelchair-bound leader, Poison, has seen the wand and believes it can allow him to walk again. Meanwhile, rumors of the wand draw both its owner, Leilah – the leader of the radical Elf sect called the Inferni – and Kandomere, an Elf F.B.I. agent assigned to the federal "Magic Task Force."
The trio flees through the territory of the Fogteeth Orc clan, disrupting its annual rave. The gangsters corner the trio in a strip club, but are themselves killed by Leilah and her two enforcers, allowing the trio to escape again. At a service station, Ward contacts his friend, Sheriff's Deputy Rodriguez, whom he knows he can trust. Rodriguez contacts Kandomere, but their conversation is intercepted by Leilah, who attacks the service station, killing Rodriguez.
Escaping again, the trio are captured by the Fogteeth Orcs, whose leader, Dorghu, also wants the wand. Dorghu orders his son Mikey to kill Jakoby, but Mikey reveals that he was the orc that Jakoby allowed to escape and thus refuses to kill him. Dorghu sends his son away and kills Jakoby himself. But as he prepares to kill Ward, Tikka produces the wand and uses it to resurrect Jakoby, revealing that she is a Bright. The Fogteeth's shaman pronounces this to be part of a prophecy, causing the clan to kneel to Jakoby and allow the trio to go free. Tikka, now trusting them, reveals that she speaks English and explains that the Inferni plan to resurrect the Dark Lord by assembling a certain number of wands; she herself was a member of the Inferni, but fled the group and was sheltered by the Shield of Light. Leilah loaned her wand to a Bright assassin and sent her to kill Tikka, but Tikka escaped with the wand.
Using the wand to resurrect Jakoby has made Tikka gravely ill, and the only place she can be healed is a magical pool back at the safe house. They return there but are ambushed by Leilah and her two guards. In the confrontation, Leilah's guards are killed, but Leilah holds Tikka helpless as Ward and Jakoby run out of ammunition. Ward deliberately grabs the wand, believing that the resulting explosion will kill all of them, but to everyone's amazement, Ward is revealed to be a Bright as well. With a spell word from Tikka, Ward destroys Leilah, triggering an explosion that sets the building on fire. Tikka disappears and the injured Ward and Jakoby try to escape the building. Discovering himself alone outside, Jakoby rushes back into the inferno and rescues Ward. Dorghu and his clan appear and perform an ancient orc ceremony signifying to Jakoby that he is now "blooded" – an orcish status only achievable by an act of great bravery. While he and Ward are rushed to the hospital, the federal agents arrive and take possession of Leilah's wand. In the hospital, Ward and Jakoby give Kandomere a doctored statement of the previous night's events, understanding that the federal agents want the existence of the wand, and any hint of magical activity, kept secret.
In a public ceremony, Jakoby and Ward are honored for their brave stand against "armed terrorists". Ward smiles as he spots Tikka moving through the crowd in disguise.
Cast[edit]
Will Smith as Daryl Ward, a human LAPD officer.
Joel Edgerton as Nick Jakoby, the nation's first Orcish police officer, who is partnered with Daryl.
Noomi Rapace as Leilah, an Inferni elf seeking control of the magic wand.
Lucy Fry as Tikka, a young Inferni elf who is in possession of the magic wand.
Édgar Ramírez as Kandomere, a high ranking elvish federal agent with the US Department of Magic's Magic Task Force.
Ike Barinholtz as Pollard, a corrupt human LAPD officer who seeks to steal the wand for himself.
Happy Anderson as Hildebrandt Ulysses Montehugh, a human federal agent who works under Kandomere in the Magic Task Force.
Dawn Olivieri as Sherri Ward, Daryl's human wife and Sophia's mother.
Matt Gerald as Hicks, a corrupt human LAPD officer.
Margaret Cho as Ching, a corrupt human LAPD sergeant.
Brad William Henke as Dorghu, the imposing leader of the Fogteeth Orcs gang.
Jay Hernandez as Rodriguez, a human LACSD deputy.
Veronica Ngo as Tien, an Inferni elf enforcer working for Leilah.
Alex Meraz as Serafin, an Inferni elf enforcer working for Leilah.
Joseph Piccuirro as Brown, a corrupt human LAPD officer.
Enrique Murciano as Poison, the leader of the human Altamira gang. He uses a wheelchair.
Scarlet Spencer as Sophia Ward, Daryl and Sherri's human daughter.
Andrea Navedo as Perez, a human LAPD captain and Ward's superior.
Kenneth Choi as Yamahara, a human LAPD internal affairs detective.
Bobby Naderi as Arkashian, a human LAPD internal affairs detective.
Cle Shaheed Sloan as OG Mike, the Wards' human neighbor.
Chris Browning as Serling, a human questioned by the US Department of Magic's Task Force.
Joe Rogan as himself
Production[edit]
(L–R): Director David Ayer and stars Noomi Rapace, Joel Edgerton, Will Smith, Édgar Ramírez, and Lucy Fry at the 2017 San Diego Comic-Con
Described as "a contemporary cop thriller, but with fantastical elements", the film is directed by David Ayer and stars Will Smith and Joel Edgerton, with a script penned by Max Landis, which Ayer rewrote.[2][3] Netflix officially picked up the film for a $90 million deal with filming beginning in fall 2016, making it the most expensive Netflix film to date.[6] Noomi Rapace entered talks to join the cast in May 2016.[7] Landis stated in an interview that official production was expected to begin in September 2016, but that they'd already shot a small part in Los Angeles.[8] Ayer's frequent cinematographer, Roman Vasyanov, was confirmed to be working on the project.[9] On October 15, 2016, Lucy Fry was added to the cast.[10] On October 17, 2016, Andrea Navedo was added to the cast.[11] On October 20, 2016, actor Brad William Henke was cast in the film.[12] On November 1, 2016, Kenneth Choi and Dawn Olivieri were cast in an unknown role and the role of Smith's wife, respectively.[13] On November 9, Édgar Ramírez was confirmed to be added to the cast.[14] That same month, Alex Meraz, Matt Gerald, Ike Barinholtz, and Enrique Murciano joined the cast of the film in undisclosed roles.[15][16][17][18]
Filming[edit]
Photos from the set were first published in November 2016.[19][20] Filming was completed by February 4, 2017.[21]
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
Bright received criticism for its screenplay, cinematography and excessive focus on social commentary.[5] On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 26% based on 93 reviews, with an average rating of 3.8/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Bright tries to blend fantasy, hard-hitting cop drama, and social commentary—and ends up falling painfully short of the mark on all three fronts."[22] On Metacritic the film has a weighted average score of 29 out of 100, based on 26 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".[23]
Richard Roeper of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film 1.5 out of 4 stars, saying: "Bright is basically a tired buddy-cop movie dressed up in bizarre trappings ... It doesn’t take itself too seriously, but it’s not nearly as self-deprecating and funny as it needed to be."[24] Writing for Rolling Stone, David Fear gave the film 1 out of 4 stars, criticizing the script and incoherent action scenes, writing: "This combo of gritty cop procedural and fantasy is a dark, dank, dumb-as-hell mess."[25]
David Ehrlich of IndieWire gave the film an "F" and called it the worst film of 2017, saying: "There's boring, there's bad, and then there's Bright ... from the director of Suicide Squad and the writer of Victor Frankenstein comes a fresh slice of hell that somehow represents new lows for them both—a dull and painfully derivative ordeal that often feels like it was made just to put those earlier misfires into perspective."[26] Ayer responded enthusiastically to Ehrlich's review, claiming that he desired for the film to receive "a strong reaction either way."[27]
NPR's Chris Klimek wrote: "Critics have already lined up to pillory Bright as among the year's worst releases. Don't believe the clickbait. Lazy but not boring, this Net-flick is perfectly, stubbornly mediocre, and less a chore to sit through than either of 2017's Vin Diesel vehicles."[28]
Audience response[edit]
Several publications noted that while critics were harsh in their assessment of the film, viewers seemed to enjoy it more and gave positive reactions on social media.[29][30][31][32] Netflix announced that the film had been viewed more times in its first week than any of its other releases.[33] According to Nielsen ratings, about 11 million American viewers streamed Bright within the first three days of its release, with 56% of the audience being male and 7 million being between the ages of 18–49.[34] Netflix CEO Reed Hastings noted that: "The critics are pretty disconnected from the mass appeal...[they] are an important part of the artistic process but are pretty disconnected from the commercial prospects of a film. If people are watching this movie and loving it, that's the measurement of success."[35]
Soundtrack[edit]
Bright: The Album
Soundtrack album by Various artists
Released
December 15, 2017 (2017-12-15)
Genre
Hip hop
pop
rock
Length
42:50
Label
Atlantic
WEA International
Producer
Alex da Kid
Dan Smith
Mark Crew
David Pramik
David Phelps
Grey
Louis Bell
Linus Wiklund
JMIKE
AC
Andrew Bolooki
Paul Judge
Marshmello
Viruss Beats
Steve Aoki
DJ Khalil
D. Sardy
Casey Bates
Charlie Andrew
Joe London
DRAM
Gabriel Niles
Zach Crowell
Singles from Bright: The Album
"World Gone Mad"
Released: November 21, 2017[36]
"Home"
Released: December 5, 2017[37]
The soundtrack, titled Bright: The Album, was released under Atlantic Records on December 15, 2017, just a week before the official release of the film on December 22, 2017.
Bright: The Album[38]
No.
Title
Writer(s)
Producer(s)
Length
1. "Broken People" (Logic and Rag'n'Bone Man)
Dan Priddy
Mark Crew
Alexander Grant
Rory Graham
Sir Robert Hall II
Nicholas Steele
David Pramik
Alex da Kid
3:32
2. "World Gone Mad" (Bastille)
Dan Smith
Smith
Mark Crew
3:16
3. "Home" (Machine Gun Kelly, X Ambassadors and Bebe Rexha)
Sam Nelson Harris
David Phelps
Robert Gillies
Richard Baker
Pramik
Jacob Hawkes
Charlie Snyder
David Pramik
Phelps
3:22
4. "Crown" (Camila Cabello and Grey)
Camila Cabello
Kyle Trewartha
Michael Trewartha
Sarah Aarons
Grey
Louis Bell
3:21
5. "Darkside" (Ty Dolla $ign and Future featuring Kiiara)
Jeremy Coleman
Linus Wiklund
Nayvadius Wilburn
Tyrone Griffin Jr.
Kiara Saulters
Jonnali Parmenius
Wiklund
JMIKE
AC
Andrew Bolooki
3:53
6. "Danger" (Migos and Marshmello)
Chris Comstock
Quavious Marshall
Kiari Cephus
Kirshnik Ball
Paul Judge
Judge
Marshmello
3:34
7. "That's My Nigga" (Meek Mill, YG and Snoop Dogg)
Shawn Carter
Andre Young
Melvin Bradford
Scott Storch
Robert Williams
Calvin Broadus Jr.
Eric Gamzoyan
Keenan Jackson
Viruss Beats
3:19
8. "Smoke My Dope" (Steve Aoki and Lil Uzi Vert)
Steven Aoki
Symere Woods
Bobby Turner
Kenneth Smith
Steve Aoki
3:22
9. "FTW (Fuck the World)" (A$AP Rocky and Tom Morello)
Thomas Morello
Khalil Abdul-Rahman
Rakim Mayers
DJ Khalil
2:23
10. "Cheer Up" (Portugal. The Man)
David Sardy
Casey Bates
John Gourley
D. Sardy
Bates
2:46
11. "Hares on the Mountain" (alt-J)
Traditional
Charlie Andrew
3:48
12. "Campfire" (DRAM and Neil Young)
Joe Spargur
Shelley Massenburg-Smith
Roget Chahayed
Gabriel Niles
Joe London
D.R.A.M.
Niles
3:40
13. "This Land Is Your Land" (Sam Hunt)
Woody Guthrie
Zach Crowell
2:34
Total length: 42:50
Charts[edit]
Chart (2017–18)
Peak
position
Australian Albums (ARIA)[39]
85
Canadian Albums (Billboard)[40]
13
Dutch Albums (MegaCharts)[41]
92
Finnish Albums (Suomen virallinen lista)[42]
18
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)[43]
97
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)[44]
24
US Billboard 200[45]
48
US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard)[46]
28
Sequel[edit]
In December 2017, Netflix ordered a sequel.[47] The following month Netflix confirmed the sequel was moving ahead, with Smith and Edgerton reprising their roles and Ayer directing and writing the script with Evan Spiliotopoulos.[33] In August 2018, it was announced the film would begin filming in March 2019 in Germany.[48]
See also[edit]
Alien Nation
Cast a Deadly Spell
Shadowrun
Special Unit 2
Witch Hunt (1994 film)
Wishfart
Ugly Americans (TV series)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Ng, David (July 31, 2017). "Netflix is carrying $20 billion in debt. Can it keep borrowing its way to success?". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Goldberg, Matt (March 2, 2016). "David Ayer to Direct Will Smith and Joel Edgerton in Fantastical Cop Flick 'Bright'". Collider. Complex Media. Retrieved February 20, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Kroll, Justin (March 3, 2016). "William Smith, David Ayer Reteaming on Max Landis Spec 'Bright'". Variety. Penske Business Media. Retrieved February 20, 2017.
Jump up ^ Khatchatourian, Maane (February 27, 2017). "Watch the First Teaser for Will Smith's Fantasy Cop Thriller 'Bright'". Variety. Penske Business Media. Retrieved March 3, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Beck, Kellen (December 22, 2017). "Poor Will Smith! Critics tore apart Netflix's first hopeful blockbuster, 'Bright'". Mashable. Retrieved December 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Matt (March 18, 2016). "Netflix Makes Mammoth Deal for David Ayer's 'Bright' Starring Will Smith". Collider. Complex Media. Retrieved May 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Ankers, Adele (May 19, 2016). "Noomi Rapace in Talks to Join Will Smith in David Ayer's Bright". Screen Rant. Retrieved May 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Trumbore, Dave (July 25, 2016). "Watch: Max Landis Hopes 'Bright' Will Be His 'Star Wars'". Collider. Complex Media. Retrieved May 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ James, Daron (August 19, 2016). "Why DP Roman Vasyanov Chose Anamorphic & More Tales from Shooting 'Suicide Squad'". No Film School. NONETWORK. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Kit, Borys (October 11, 2016). "David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ N'Duka, Amanda (October 17, 2016). "David Ayer-Helmed Thriller 'Bright' Adds Andrea Navedo; Austin Hébert Cast In 'Burden'". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Business Media. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Kroll, Justin (October 18, 2016). "'Orange Is the New Black' Actor Brad William Henke Joins Will Smith in 'Bright'". Variety. Penske Business Media. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Briers, Michael (October 2016). "David Ayer's Fantasy Cop Thriller Bright Adds Two". We Got This Covered. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Kit, Borys (November 9, 2016). "Edgar Ramirez Joins Will Smith in David Ayer's Fantasy Thriller 'Bright'". The Hollywood Reporter. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ N'Duka, Amanda (November 11, 2016). "Ashley Bell Cast As Lead In 'Next Door'; Alex Meraz Joins David Ayer's 'Bright'". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Business Media. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ N'Duka, Amanda (November 15, 2016). "Matt Gerald Boards David Ayer's 'Bright'; Angel Bonanni Cast In 'Entebbe'". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Business Media. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ Fleming, Mike Jr. (November 16, 2016). "Ike Barinholtz Reunites With David Ayer, Will Smith On Netflix Film 'Bright". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Business Media. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ N'Duka, Amanda (November 22, 2016). "Enrique Murciano Cast In Netflix's 'Bright'". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Business Media. Retrieved November 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ Caldwell, Kayla (November 7, 2016). "Joel Edgerton is unrecognizable in orc make-up as he joins Will Smith on set of new Netflix fantasy film Bright". The Daily Mail. Associated Newspapers. Retrieved November 7, 2016.
Jump up ^ Evry, Max (November 9, 2016). "First Bright Set Photos Featuring Will Smith in Costume". ComingSoon.net. CraveOnline Media. Retrieved November 9, 2016.
Jump up ^ Ayer, David [@DavidAyerMovies] (February 4, 2017). "That's a wrap on #BRIGHT. Even in the darkest times we can find the light" (Tweet). Retrieved May 7, 2018 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ "Bright (2017)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bright Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Roeper, Richard (December 26, 2017). "Put an orc in it: Will Smith's cop fantasy 'Bright' a Netflix disaster". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved December 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ Fear, David (December 21, 2017). "'Bright' Review: Will Smith's 'L.A.P.D. of the Rings' Is Just South of Dim". Rolling Stone. Retrieved December 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ Ehrlich, David (December 20, 2017). "'Bright' Review: Netflix's First Blockbuster Is the Worst Movie of 2017". IndieWire. Penske Business Media. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Ayer, David [@DavidAyerMovies] (December 21, 2017). "This is going on my fridge. Highest compliment is a strong reaction either way…" (Tweet). Retrieved May 7, 2018 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Klimek, Chris (December 21, 2017). "Will Smith Plays Cops-And-Monsters In Unremarkable 'Bright". NPR. Retrieved December 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ Cobb, Kayla (December 28, 2017). "Audiences Seem To Love 'Bright' As Much As Critics Hate It". Decider. NYP Holdings. Retrieved January 1, 2018.
Jump up ^ Relaxnews (December 30, 2017). "Netflix's 'Bright' lands 11 million audience, divides critics, viewers". Malay Mail. Retrieved January 1, 2018.
Jump up ^ Libbey, Dirk (December 24, 2017). "The Audience Seems To Like Bright A Whole Lot More Than The Critics Do". Cinema Blend. GatewayBlend Entertainment. Retrieved January 1, 2018.
Jump up ^ Telegraph Reporters (December 29, 2017). "Critics be damned: 'worst film of the year' Bright is a huge hit for Netflix". The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group. Retrieved January 1, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Fleming, Mike Jr. (January 3, 2018). "Netflix Firms 'Bright' Sequel With Will Smith". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Business Media. Retrieved January 3, 2018.
Jump up ^ Spangler, Todd (December 26, 2017). "Netflix's 'Bright' Lands 11 Million U.S. Streaming Viewers Over First Three Days". Variety. Penske Business Media. Retrieved January 1, 2018.
Jump up ^ Wallenstein, Andrew (January 22, 2018). "Netflix Execs Call Critics 'Disconnected' for Bashing 'Bright' Film". Variety. Penske Business Media. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Future Releases on Alternative Radio Stations". All Access Music Group. December 25, 2017. Archived from the original on November 20, 2017. Retrieved December 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Top 40/M Future Releases". All Access Music Group. December 25, 2017. Archived from the original on November 30, 2017. Retrieved December 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ Various Artists. "Bright: The Album". iTunes. Apple. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ auspOp (January 6, 2018). "ARIA Chart Watch #454". auspOp. Retrieved January 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Soundtrack Chart History (Canadian Albums)". Billboard. Retrieved January 17, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Soundtrack – Bright: The Album" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved January 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Eri esittäjiä: Bright: The Album" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. Retrieved January 14, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Soundtrack – Bright: The Album" (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved January 5, 2018.
Jump up ^ "NZ Top 40 Albums Chart". The Official NZ Music Charts. Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved January 12, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Soundtrack Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved January 9, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Soundtrack Chart History (Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums)". Billboard. Retrieved December 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ Keene, Alison (December 20, 2017). "Netflix Has Already Ordered a 'Bright' Sequel with Will Smith Returning". Collider. Complex Media. Retrieved May 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Hood, Cooper (August 18, 2018). "Will Smith To Film Bad Boys 3 & Bright 2 Before Suicide Squad 2". ScreenRant. Retrieved August 20, 2018.
External links[edit]
Bright on Netflix
Bright on IMDb
hide
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David Ayer
Films directed
Harsh Times (2005)
Street Kings (2008)
End of Watch (2012)
Sabotage (2014)
Fury (2014)
Suicide Squad (2016)
Bright (2017)
The Tax Collector (2019)
Films written
U-571 (2000)
Training Day (2001)
The Fast and the Furious (2001)
Dark Blue (2002)
S.W.A.T. (2003)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bright_(film)&oldid=856536818"
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