text:
The Fault in Our Stars
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the 2012 novel. For the film based on the novel, see The Fault in Our Stars (film). For the film's soundtrack, see The Fault in Our Stars (soundtrack).
The Fault in Our Stars
Author
John Green
Cover artist
Rodrigo Corral
Country
United States
Language
English
Genre
Young adult novel
Realistic fiction
Published
January 10, 2012 (Dutton Books)
Media type
Print (hardcover, paperback)
Pages
317
ISBN
0-525-47881-7
The Fault in Our Stars is the sixth novel by author John Green, published in January 2012. The title is inspired by Act 1, Scene 2 of Shakespeare's play Julius Caesar, in which the nobleman Cassius says to Brutus: "The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, / But in ourselves, that we are underlings." The story is narrated by Hazel Grace Lancaster, a 16-year-old girl with cancer. Hazel is forced by her parents to attend a support group where she subsequently meets and falls in love with 17-year-old Augustus Waters, an ex-basketball player and amputee. A feature film adaptation of the novel directed by Josh Boone and starring Shailene Woodley, Ansel Elgort and Nat Wolff was released on June 6, 2014.[1] Both the book and its film adaptation were met with strong critical and commercial success.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot summary
2 Publication history
3 Critical reception
4 Film adaptation
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Plot summary[edit]
Hazel Grace Lancaster—a 16-year-old with cancer that has spread to her lungs—attends a cancer patient support group at her mother's behest. At first, she hesitates because she feels like it has done her nothing. She thinks attending the support group could be the worst part of her life, until a particular support meeting, Hazel meets a 17-year-old boy named Augustus Waters, whose osteosarcoma caused him to lose his right leg, which was replaced with a prosthetic. Augustus is at the support meeting to support, Isaac, a boy Augustus' age with eye cancer. Upon catching Augustus staring at her, Hazel suddenly feels self-conscious. They meet after the Support Group and converse on the fact that they were not "literally" in the heart of Jesus, but in a basement. When everything seems to go well, Augustus pulls out a cigarette and puts it between his lips. Hazel is disgusted by this and yells at him saying that he's already got cancer and he wants to pay money for more cancer, "Not being able to breathe sucks," she yells. Augustus calmly explains the metaphor, which is, "You put the thing that kills you right between your teeth but you don't give it the power to kill you." Hazel, impressed by this, goes to his place to watch a movie.Hazel and Augustus strike a bond immediately and agree to read each other's favorite novels. Augustus gives Hazel The Price of Dawn, and Hazel recommends An Imperial Affliction, a novel written by Peter Van Houten, who lives in Amsterdam, about a cancer-stricken girl named Anna that parallels Hazel's own experience. After Augustus finishes reading her book, he is frustrated upon learning that the novel ends abruptly without a conclusion. Hazel explains the novel's author had retreated following the novel's publication and has not been heard from since.
A week later, Augustus reveals to Hazel that he has tracked down Van Houten's assistant, Lidewij, and, through her, has managed to start an e-mail correspondence with Van Houten. The two write to Van Houten with questions regarding the novel's ending and the fate of the mother of Anna. Van Houten eventually replies, explaining that he can only answer Hazel's questions in person. At a picnic, Augustus surprises Hazel with tickets to Amsterdam to meet Van Houten.
While in Amsterdam, Augustus confesses his love for Hazel. Hazel and Augustus finally meet Van Houten but are shocked to find that he is a mean-spirited drunk. Horrified by Van Houten's behavior, Lidewij confesses to having arranged the meeting on his behalf, angering Van Houten, who proceeds to insult Hazel's cancer, starting an argument and causing Hazel and Augustus to flee from the drunken author's home.
Augustus confesses that his cancer has returned. The two affirm their love and support for each other. Upon their return to Indianapolis, Augustus's health worsens and he ends up in the ICU for a few days. Fearing his death, Augustus invites Isaac and Hazel to his pre-funeral, where they give eulogies. An extremely sick Augustus dies soon after. This leaves Hazel heartbroken and she doesn't know what to do with herself. After this traumatic event, Van Houten shows up at Augustus's funeral to apologize to Hazel.
Hazel learns that Augustus was writing a sequel to An Imperial Affliction. Hazel reads Augustus's words. He says getting hurt in this world is inevitable, but we do get to choose whom we allow to hurt us, and that he is happy with his choice, and hopes she likes her choice too. The book closes with Hazel stating that she is happy with her choice.
Publication history[edit]
On December 21, 2011, Barnes & Noble accidentally shipped 1500 copies of The Fault in Our Stars before the release date to people who had pre-ordered the book. Green released a statement saying, "Mistakes happen. The people who made this error were not bad or incompetent people, and they were not acting maliciously. We all make mistakes, and it is not my wish to see Barnes and Noble or any of their employees vilified."[2] Many people who received the book pledged not to read it until its release date, January 10, 2012, or discuss it until the next day, January 11, as per a request of Green's not to spoil it for other readers. Most kept to this promise, leaving the experience untarnished for those who got the book on the intended release date.[3]
The book rose to #84 on the Amazon.com and Barnes & Noble bestseller lists in June 2011 shortly after its title was announced.[4] Green promised that every pre-order would be hand-signed by him, requiring him to sign every copy of the first printing. He proposed that the general public vote on the color Sharpie he would use to sign the books, resulting in him signing the 150,000 books with a variety of Sharpie colors, each in proportion to the amount of votes received for that color.[5] However, some people who ordered from international booksellers received unsigned copies because those bookstores, including Amazon UK, underestimated how many books they needed and ordered more after the signing was complete, but Green agreed to fix this problem, telling people with unsigned pre-orders to email him so they could be sent a signed bookplate.[6] Many fans submitted their book cover designs to various outlets including Tumblr and Twitter, tagging Green in these posts so he could see them. The sizeable number of posts received prompted Green's publisher Penguin to seek a fan-designed cover for a reprint of one of Green's other books, An Abundance of Katherines.[7] The Fault in Our Stars debuted at #1 on The New York Times Best Seller list for Children's Chapter Books[8] and remained in that spot for seven consecutive weeks.[9] A Hebrew edition of The Fault in Our Stars was published in Israel in August 2012 and more editions of the novel are forthcoming in Dutch, German, Spanish, French, Swedish, Danish, Icelandic, Chinese, and Portuguese. The Fault in Our Stars has also gained places on several bestseller lists. It was #1 on The Wall Street Journal bestseller list, #1 on the Indiebound bestseller list, and #9 on The Bookseller bestseller list. The novel was also The New York Times Book Review Editor's Choice.[10] As of January 2013, there are nearly 1 million copies of the novel in print.[11] In December 2012, it was announced that a special edition with a silver cover and an expanded Q&A, dubbed the 'Exclusive Collector's Edition', would be available from Barnes and Noble. All or at least most of the copies first available for purchase of this edition of the book contained a printing error wherein several pages of the first chapter were replaced with pages from the Q&A section at the back of the book.[12]
Critical reception[edit]
The Fault in Our Stars received critical acclaim. Critics mostly praised the book for its humor, strong characters, language, themes and new perspective on cancer and romance. The New York Times' review of the book called it "a blend of melancholy, sweet, philosophical and funny" and said that it "stays the course of tragic realism", while noting that the book's unpleasant plot details "do nothing to diminish the romance; in Green's hands, they only make it more moving."[13] NPR's Rachel Syme noted that "[Green's] voice is so compulsively readable that it defies categorization," saying that the "elegantly plotted" book "may be his best." [14] Time called The Fault in Our Stars "damn near genius."[15] Entertainment Weekly wrote, "[Augustus and Hazel's] love story is as real as it is doomed, and the gut-busting laughs that come early in the novel make the luminous final pages all the more heartbreaking", and gave the novel an overall A− grade.[16] Amazon.com calls it "insightful, bold, irreverent, and raw" and Green's "most ambitious and heartbreaking work yet."[17] The Manila Bulletin says that the book is "a collection of maudlin scenes and trite observations about the fragility of life and the wisdom of dying. And while it does talk about those things and more, the treatment of it is far from being maudlin or trite."[18] The Manila Bulletin also added that "Just two paragraphs into the work, and he immediately wallops the readers with such an insightful observation delivered in such an unsentimental way that its hard not to shake your head in admiration."[18] The Manila Bulletin stated that The Fault in Our Stars was a triumph for John Green.[18] USA Today called it a "elegiac comedy."[19] They gave the book a rating of four out of four stars.[19]The School Library Journal stated that it was "a strong choice for Adult Collections."[20] The Fault in Our Stars received a starred review from Kirkus Reviews, who described it as "a smartly crafted intellectual explosion of a romance."[21]
Several well-known authors have contributed their own positive reviews for the book. Jodi Picoult, author of My Sister's Keeper, calls The Fault in Our Stars "an electric portrait of young people who learn to live life with one foot in the grave." She goes on to say that the novel is "filled with staccato bursts of humor and tragedy." Bestselling author of The Book Thief, Markus Zusak, describes it as "a novel of life and death and the people caught in between" and "John Green at his best". Pertaining to Green's writing throughout the book, E. Lockhart, author of The Boyfriend List, says "He makes me laugh and gasp at the beauty of a sentence or the twist of a tale. He is one of the best writers alive and I am seething with envy of his talent."[17] Time named The Fault in Our Stars as the #1 fiction book of 2012.[22] Kirkus Reviews listed it among the top 100 children's books of 2012.[23] It also made USA Today's list of the top 10 books of 2012.[24] In 2013, the Edmonton Journal named the book one of their "favourite books of the year."[25]
One notable unfavorable opinion appeared in the Daily Mail.[26] In the piece, the plot of The Fault in Our Stars was described as "mawkish at best, exploitative at worst" and the book was characterized as belonging to the "sick-lit" young adult genre, together with other young-adult novels such as Never Eighteen and Before I Die. This entire genre, as well as the genre of young-adult novels dealing with suicide and self-harm (the piece mentions Thirteen Reasons Why, By the Time You Read This, I'll Be Dead, The Lovely Bones, and Red Tears) was criticized as being "distasteful" and inappropriate for their target audience of teens.[27] The Guardian criticized the piece, pointing out in particular that The Fault in Our Stars was chosen by The Guardian as that month's "teen book club choice" because "it's a gripping read, featuring two compelling characters, that deals sensitively and even humorously with a difficult situation without descending into mawkishness." In general, The Guardian faulted the Daily Mail for suggesting that the issues of illness, depression, and sexuality are inappropriate precisely "in the one place where difficult subjects have traditionally been most sensitively explored for teens: fiction written specifically for them."[27] For his part, in an interview for The Guardian, John Green said: "The thing that bothered me about The Daily Mail piece was that it was a bit condescending to teenagers. I'm tired of adults telling teenagers that they aren't smart, that they can't read critically, that they aren't thoughtful, and I feel like that article made those arguments."[28]
Film adaptation[edit]
Main article: The Fault in Our Stars (film)
In January 2012, Fox 2000, a division of 20th Century Fox, optioned the rights to adapt the novel into a feature film.[1] Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber wrote the adapted screenplay. Josh Boone signed on to direct a year later, in February 2013.[29] Wyck Godfrey and Marty Bowen produced the film.[30] Shailene Woodley stars as Hazel, while Ansel Elgort plays Augustus.[31][32] Nat Wolff was cast as Isaac, the friend who introduces them, and Laura Dern stars as Hazel's mother.[33] Sam Trammell was cast as Mr. Lancaster, Hazel's father.[34] On August 29, 2013, John Green announced that Mike Birbiglia would be playing Patrick, and on September 6, 2013, Green announced that Willem Dafoe would portray Peter Van Houten.
Principal photography began on August 26, 2013, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which doubled for the novel's setting of Indianapolis, Indiana, with a few days in Amsterdam, before concluding October 16, 2013.[35][36] The film was released on June 6, 2014, in the United States.[37] It was positively received by critics, with praise going to Woodley's performance as well as the entire film. The film also proved to be commercially successful, retaining the No. 1 spot at the box-office during its opening weekend, and grossed over $307 million worldwide against its budget of $12 million.[38][39][40] It was released on Blu-Ray and DVD on September 16, 2014.
See also[edit]
United States portal
2010s portal
Children's literature portal
Novels portal
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Deahl, Rachel (January 31, 2012). "Fox Options John Green's 'Fault in Our Stars'". Publishers Weekly. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ Green, John (21 December 2011). "The Leaking of The Fault in Our Stars". John Green's Tumblr. Retrieved 26 December 2013.
Jump up ^ Green, John (December 23, 2011). "There Will Be NO SPOILERS!!!". Vlogbrothers. Retrieved January 12, 2012.
Jump up ^ Trachtenberg, Jeffrey A (1 July 2011). "Tweeting from a La-Z-Boy, An Unfinished Book Hits No. 1". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
Jump up ^ Green, John (29 June 2011). "The Fault in Our Stars". Vlogbrothers. Retrieved 1 July 2011.
Jump up ^ Green, John (January 10, 2012). "Question Tuesday: The Fault in Our Stars is Here Edition". John Green Books. Retrieved February 11, 2012.
Jump up ^ Green, John. "An Abundance of Covers Competition". Penguin Group. Retrieved 14 December 2011.
Jump up ^ "Best Sellers: January 29, 2012". The New York Times. January 22, 2012. Retrieved January 22, 2012.
Jump up ^ Heyman, Marshall (February 18, 2012). "The Young and the Sociable". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved February 18, 2012.
Jump up ^ "JohnGreenBooks.com: The Fault in Our Stars". Retrieved 27 February 2012.
Jump up ^ Bob Minzesheimer (2013-01-16). "John and Hank Green rock Carnegie Hall". USA Today. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
Jump up ^ Sprague, Rachel (January 4, 2013). "'The Fault in Our Stars' collector's edition publish date pushed back". Retrieved 5 January 2013.
Jump up ^ Standiford, Natalie (January 15, 2012). "The Tenacity of Hope". Retrieved 17 January 2012.
Jump up ^ Syme, Rachel (January 17, 2012). "'The Fault In Our Stars': Love In A Time Of Cancer". NPR. Retrieved 17 January 2012.
Jump up ^ Lev Grossman (February 6, 2012). "The Topic of Cancer". Time. Retrieved September 12, 2013.
Jump up ^ Stephan Lee (January 11, 2012). "The Fault in Our Stars". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved January 29, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Amazon.com: The Fault in Our Stars". Retrieved 27 February 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Love in The Time Of The Big C". Manila Bulletin. 9 March 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Minzesheimer, Bob (2012-02-02). "'The Fault in Our Stars": not a cancer book". USA Today. Retrieved February 26, 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Fault in Our Stars". School Library Journal. April 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Fault in Our Stars". Kirkus Reviews. 10 January 2012. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
Jump up ^ Lev Grossman (December 4, 2012). "Top 10 Fiction Books". Time. Retrieved December 7, 2012.
Jump up ^ Smith, Vicky. "Best Children's Books of 2012 (Page 24)". Kirkus Reviews. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
Jump up ^ Deirdre Donahue, Jocelyn McClurg, Carol Memmott, Bob Minzesheimer and Craig Wilson (21 December 2012). "10 books we loved in 2012". USA Today. Retrieved 26 December 2013. CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link)
Jump up ^ Le Blanc, Brittney (16 December 2013). "Edmonton Journal staff pick favourite books of the year". Edmonton Journal. Archived from the original on 2014-03-11. Retrieved 26 December 2013.
Jump up ^ Tanith, Carey (2013-01-03). "The ′sick-lit′ books aimed at children: It's a disturbing phenomenon. Tales of teenage cancer, self-harm and suicide.." The Daily Mail. United Kingdom. Retrieved 2013-08-22.
^ Jump up to: a b Pauli, Michelle (2013-01-04). "′Sick-lit′? Evidently young adult fiction is too complex for The Daily Mail". The Guardian. United Kingdom. Retrieved 2013-08-22.
Jump up ^ "John Green: 'I'm tired of adults telling teenagers that they aren't smart'". The Guardian. United Kingdom. 2013-02-27. Retrieved 2013-08-22.
Jump up ^ "The Fault in Our Stars Movie Lands Director". The Hollywood Reporter.
Jump up ^ Kroll, Justin (July 23, 2013). "Laura Dern Joins 'Fault in Our Stars'". Variety. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ Sara Vilkomerson (March 19, 2013). "Shailene Woodley offered lead role for 'The Fault in Our Stars'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ Sara Vilkomerson (May 10, 2013). "Ansel Elgort offered lead in 'The Fault in Our Stars' opposite Shailene Woodley -- Exclusive". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 11, 2013.
Jump up ^ Vilkomerson, Sara (July 23, 2013). "Nat Wolff cast as Isaac in 'The Fault in Our Stars'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ David, Jesse (2013-08-15). "True Blood's Trammell Joins Fault in Our Stars". Vulture. Retrieved 2013-11-07.
Jump up ^ Schooley, Tim (July 9, 2013). "Fox 2000 shoots for 'Stars' in Pittsburgh". Pittsburgh Business Times. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
Jump up ^ Axelrad, Jacob (July 10, 2013). "New film 'Fault in Our Stars' to be shot in Pittsburgh". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
Jump up ^ Deutsch, Lindsay (8 October 2013). "'The Fault In Our Stars' movie gets a release date". USA Today. Retrieved 26 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Fault In Our Stars (2014)". Box Office Mojo. IMDB. Retrieved August 10, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Fault In Our Stars". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Fault in Our Stars Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: The Fault in Our Stars
[hide]
v
t
e
Works by John Green
Fiction
Looking for Alaska (2005)
An Abundance of Katherines (2006)
Paper Towns (2008)
The Fault in Our Stars (2012)
Turtles All the Way Down (2017)
Co-authored fiction
Let It Snow: Three Holiday Romances (2008)
Will Grayson, Will Grayson (2010)
YouTube projects
Vlogbrothers (2007–present)
Crash Course (2011–present)
The Art Assignment (2014–present)
Adaptations
The Fault in Our Stars (2014 film)
Paper Towns (2015 film)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Fault_in_Our_Stars&oldid=820470008"
Categories:
2012 American novels
Books about cancer
American young adult novels
American romance novels
Novels set in Amsterdam
Novels set in Indianapolis
American novels adapted into films
Novels by John Green
Books by YouTube personalities
Books with cover art by Rodrigo Corral
Hidden categories:
CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter
Pages to import images to Wikidata
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Azərbaycanca
Български
Català
Čeština
Cymraeg
Deutsch
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
한국어
Հայերեն
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
Қазақша
Кыргызча
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
Português
Română
Русский
Simple English
کوردی
Suomi
Svenska
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 14 January 2018, at 22:17.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: caption

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

value: th

values:
noprint metadata navbox
navigation
Portals
font-weight:bold;padding:0.4em 2em

values: Category:CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter

values:
/wiki/The_Daily_Mail
mw-redirect
The Daily Mail

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
navbox-image
4
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:American novels adapted into films

values: Category:Books with cover art by Rodrigo Corral

values: Category:Pages to import images to Wikidata

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/The_Fault_in_Our_Stars
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: ما تخبئه لنا النجوم – Arabic

values: Вината в нашите звезди (роман) – Bulgarian

values: No està escrit a les estrelles – Catalan

values: Das Schicksal ist ein mieser Verräter – German

values: The Fault In Our Stars (eleberria) – Basque

values: بخت پریشان – Persian

values: 잘못은 우리 별에 있어 – Korean

values: Աստղերն են մեղավոր (վեպ) – Armenian

values: אשמת הכוכבים – Hebrew

values: Жұлдыздар кінәлі (роман) – Kazakh

values: Күнөө биздин жылдыздарда – Kyrgyz

values: さよならを待つふたりのために – Japanese

values: ਦਾ ਫਾਲਟ ਇਨ ਆਵਰ ਸਟਾਰਸ (ਨਾਵਲ) – Punjabi

values: Виноваты звёзды (роман) – Russian

values: ھەڵەی ناو ئەستێرەکانی بەختمان – Central Kurdish

values: Förr eller senare exploderar jag – Swedish

values: ดาวบันดาล – Thai

values: Провина зірок – Ukrainian

values: 生命中的美好缺憾 – Chinese

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-The_Fault_in_Our_Stars rootpage-The_Fault_in_Our_Stars skin-vector action-view


text:
Katherine "Scottie" MacGregor
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Catherine MacGregor" redirects here. For the Australian military officer, see Cate McGregor.
Katherine MacGregor
Born
Dorlee Deane MacGregor
(1925-01-12) January 12, 1925 (age 93)
Glendale, California, U.S.
Other names
Scottie MacGregor
Occupation
Actress
Years active
1951–1983
Katherine "Scottie" MacGregor (born Dorlee Deane MacGregor; January 12, 1925, Glendale, California) is a retired American actress, best known for her role as Harriet Oleson in Little House on the Prairie.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Biography
2 Personal life
3 Filmography
4 References
5 External links
Biography[edit]
This section of a biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (February 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
She is best known for her comedic performance as Harriet Oleson from 1974-83 on Little House on the Prairie.[2] As a child, her mother moved them to Denver, Colorado, where she lived until she moved to New York as a young adult. In the 1940s she was hired by the Arthur Murray Dance Studios in New York City as a dance instructor. She studied acting under Sanford Meisner and Stella Adler.[3] MacGregor's favorite description of her character in Little House came in a fan letter from Minnesota in the 1970s, in which Mrs. Oleson was described as "the touch of pepper in the sweetness of the show". In 1979, thanks to the popularity of Little House in Spain, MacGregor was invited to Madrid, Spain and appeared on RTVE's 625 Lineas program. After Little House on the Prairie, she withdrew from screen productions in favor of local theater. She dedicated herself to the Hindu religion, and to teaching acting to children at the Wee Hollywood Vedanta Players, before finally retiring in the early 2000s.[citation needed]
Beginning in the 1950s, MacGregor worked in theatre on and off Broadway in New York,[3] and won such uncredited parts as "a longshoreman's mother" (On the Waterfront); "Alice Thorn" (The Traveling Executioner) and "Miss Boswell" (The Student Nurses). She appeared in numerous episodes of various television series: Love of Life (1956), Play of the Week (1959), East Side/West Side (1963), Mannix (1970–71), Emergency! (1972), Ironside (1972, 1974), and All in the Family (1973), as well as the two 1981 "Heroes vs. Villains" episodes of Family Feud hosted by Richard Dawson. She had roles in the TV movies, The Death of Me Yet (1971), The Girls of Huntington House (1973), and Tell Me Where It Hurts (1974).
Personal life[edit]
She was briefly married to actor Bert Remsen, one month her junior, in 1949-50, and to actor, director and teacher Edward G. Kaye-Martin, 14 years her junior, from August 1969 to October 1970.[citation needed]
Filmography[edit]
Year
Film
Role
Notes
1954 On the Waterfront Longshoreman's Mother Uncredited
1956 Love of Life Tammy Forrest #1 Unknown episodes
1959 Play of the Week Maria Episode - "The Power and the Glory"
1963 East Side/West Side Grace Morrison Episode - "Go Fight City Hall"
1970 The Traveling Executioner Alice Thorn Uncredited
1970 Mannix Nurse Evans Episode - "The World Between"
1970 The Student Nurses Miss Boswell
1971 The Young Lawyers Mrs. Brady Episode - "The Bradbury War"
1971 The Death of Me Yet Nora Queen TV movie
1971 Mannix Nurse Episode - "Run Till Dark"
1972 Ironside Mrs. Pyle Episode - "Programmed for Panic"
1972 Emergency! Myrna Scudder Episode - "Musical Mania"
1973 The Girls of Huntington House Rose Beckwith TV movie
1973 All in the Family Nurse Episode - "Edith's Christmas Story"
1974 Tell Me Where It Hurts Marge TV movie
1974 Ironside Irma Episode - "Amy Prentiss" (Parts 1 & 2)
1974–1983 Little House on the Prairie Harriet Oleson 153 episodes
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Katherine MacGregor profile". The New York Times. Retrieved February 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ Luchina Fisher (2011-08-26). "Melissa Gilbert Files for Divorce from Bruce Boxleitner". ABC News.
^ Jump up to: a b Buck, Jerry (11 June 1981). "Katherine MacGregor Plots Her Own Downfall". Greenville Daily Advocate. Associated Press. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
External links[edit]
Katherine "Scottie" MacGregor on IMDb
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 27011947
LCCN: nr2004001625
IATH: w69q5k7x

This article about a United States film actor or actress born in the 1920s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
v
t
e
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Katherine_%22Scottie%22_MacGregor&oldid=818096544"
Categories:
1925 births
Actresses from the Greater Los Angeles Area
American Hindus
American television actresses
American female dancers
Dancers from California
20th-century American actresses
Living people
American film actor, 1920s birth stubs
Hidden categories:
Articles with hCards
BLP articles lacking sources from February 2017
All BLP articles lacking sources
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from February 2017
Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers
All stub articles
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Català
Deutsch
Español
فارسی
Français
Italiano
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Suomi
Svenska
Edit links
This page was last edited on 1 January 2018, at 15:01.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href title

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: span

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_sources

values:
/wiki/Arthur_Murray_Dance_Studios
mw-redirect
Arthur Murray Dance Studios

values:
/wiki/Madrid,_Spain
mw-redirect
Madrid, Spain

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2017)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2017)

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0532339/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/27011947

values: Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities

values: position: absolute; right: 15px; display: none;

values:
metadata plainlinks stub
presentation
background:transparent

values: Category:Actresses from the Greater Los Angeles Area

values: Category:American film actor, 1920s birth stubs

values: Category:BLP articles lacking sources from February 2017

values: Category:All BLP articles lacking sources

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from February 2017

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Katherine_%22Scottie%22_MacGregor
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: کاترین مک‌گرگور – Persian

values: キャサリン・マグレガー – Japanese

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Katherine_Scottie_MacGregor rootpage-Katherine_Scottie_MacGregor skin-vector action-view


text:
Density
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about mass density. For other uses, see Density (disambiguation).
Density
Common symbols
ρ
D
SI unit
kg/m3
A graduated cylinder containing various coloured liquids with different densities.
The density, or more precisely, the volumetric mass density, of a substance is its mass per unit volume. The symbol most often used for density is ρ (the lower case Greek letter rho), although the Latin letter D can also be used. Mathematically, density is defined as mass divided by volume:[1]
ρ = m V {\displaystyle \rho ={\frac {m}{V}}}
where ρ is the density, m is the mass, and V is the volume. In some cases (for instance, in the United States oil and gas industry), density is loosely defined as its weight per unit volume,[2] although this is scientifically inaccurate – this quantity is more specifically called specific weight.
For a pure substance the density has the same numerical value as its mass concentration. Different materials usually have different densities, and density may be relevant to buoyancy, purity and packaging. Osmium and iridium are the densest known elements at standard conditions for temperature and pressure but certain chemical compounds may be denser.
To simplify comparisons of density across different systems of units, it is sometimes replaced by the dimensionless quantity "relative density" or "specific gravity", i.e. the ratio of the density of the material to that of a standard material, usually water. Thus a relative density less than one means that the substance floats in water.
The density of a material varies with temperature and pressure. This variation is typically small for solids and liquids but much greater for gases. Increasing the pressure on an object decreases the volume of the object and thus increases its density. Increasing the temperature of a substance (with a few exceptions) decreases its density by increasing its volume. In most materials, heating the bottom of a fluid results in convection of the heat from the bottom to the top, due to the decrease in the density of the heated fluid. This causes it to rise relative to more dense unheated material.
The reciprocal of the density of a substance is occasionally called its specific volume, a term sometimes used in thermodynamics. Density is an intensive property in that increasing the amount of a substance does not increase its density; rather it increases its mass.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Measurement of density
2.1 Homogeneous materials
2.2 Heterogeneous materials
2.3 Non-compact materials
3 Changes of density
4 Density of solutions
5 Densities
5.1 Various materials
5.2 Others
5.3 Water
5.4 Air
5.5 Molar volumes of liquid and solid phase of elements
6 Common units
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
History
In a well-known but probably apocryphal tale, Archimedes was given the task of determining whether King Hiero's goldsmith was embezzling gold during the manufacture of a golden wreath dedicated to the gods and replacing it with another, cheaper alloy.[3] Archimedes knew that the irregularly shaped wreath could be crushed into a cube whose volume could be calculated easily and compared with the mass; but the king did not approve of this. Baffled, Archimedes is said to have taken an immersion bath and observed from the rise of the water upon entering that he could calculate the volume of the gold wreath through the displacement of the water. Upon this discovery, he leapt from his bath and ran naked through the streets shouting, "Eureka! Eureka!" (Εύρηκα! Greek "I have found it"). As a result, the term "eureka" entered common parlance and is used today to indicate a moment of enlightenment.
The story first appeared in written form in Vitruvius' books of architecture, two centuries after it supposedly took place.[4] Some scholars have doubted the accuracy of this tale, saying among other things that the method would have required precise measurements that would have been difficult to make at the time.[5][6]
From the equation for density (ρ = m/V), mass density has units of mass divided by volume. As there are many units of mass and volume covering many different magnitudes there are a large number of units for mass density in use. The SI unit of kilogram per cubic metre (kg/m3) and the cgs unit of gram per cubic centimetre (g/cm3) are probably the most commonly used units for density.1,000 kg/m3 equals 1 g/cm3. (The cubic centimeter can be alternately called a millilitre or a cc.) In industry, other larger or smaller units of mass and or volume are often more practical and US customary units may be used. See below for a list of some of the most common units of density.
Measurement of density
Homogeneous materials
The density at all points of a homogeneous object equals its total mass divided by its total volume. The mass is normally measured with a scale or balance; the volume may be measured directly (from the geometry of the object) or by the displacement of a fluid. To determine the density of a liquid or a gas, a hydrometer, a dasymeter or a Coriolis flow meter may be used, respectively. Similarly, hydrostatic weighing uses the displacement of water due to a submerged object to determine the density of the object.
Heterogeneous materials
If the body is not homogeneous, then its density varies between different regions of the object. In that case the density around any given location is determined by calculating the density of a small volume around that location. In the limit of an infinitesimal volume the density of an inhomogeneous object at a point becomes: ρ ( r → ) = d m / d V {\displaystyle \rho ({\vec {r}})=dm/dV} , where d V {\displaystyle dV} is an elementary volume at position r {\displaystyle r} . The mass of the body then can be expressed as
m = ∫ V ρ ( r → ) d V . {\displaystyle m=\int _{V}\rho ({\vec {r}})\,dV.}
Non-compact materials
In practice, bulk materials such as sugar, sand, or snow contain voids. Many materials exist in nature as flakes, pellets, or granules.
Voids are regions which contain something other than the considered material. Commonly the void is air, but it could also be vacuum, liquid, solid, or a different gas or gaseous mixture.
The bulk volume of a material—inclusive of the void fraction—is often obtained by a simple measurement (e.g. with a calibrated measuring cup) or geometrically from known dimensions.
Mass divided by bulk volume determines bulk density. This is not the same thing as volumetric mass density.
To determine volumetric mass density, one must first discount the volume of the void fraction. Sometimes this can be determined by geometrical reasoning. For the close-packing of equal spheres the non-void fraction can be at most about 74%. It can also be determined empirically. Some bulk materials, however, such as sand, have a variable void fraction which depends on how the material is agitated or poured. It might be loose or compact, with more or less air space depending on handling.
In practice, the void fraction is not necessarily air, or even gaseous. In the case of sand, it could be water, which can be advantageous for measurement as the void fraction for sand saturated in water—once any air bubbles are thoroughly driven out—is potentially more consistent than dry sand measured with an air void.
In the case of non-compact materials, one must also take care in determining the mass of the material sample. If the material is under pressure (commonly ambient air pressure at the earth's surface) the determination of mass from a measured sample weight might need to account for buoyancy effects due to the density of the void constituent, depending on how the measurement was conducted. In the case of dry sand, sand is so much denser than air that the buoyancy effect is commonly neglected (less than one part in one thousand).
Mass change upon displacing one void material with another while maintaining constant volume can be used to estimate the void fraction, if the difference in density of the two voids materials is reliably known.
Changes of density
Main articles: Compressibility and Thermal expansivity
In general, density can be changed by changing either the pressure or the temperature. Increasing the pressure always increases the density of a material. Increasing the temperature generally decreases the density, but there are notable exceptions to this generalization. For example, the density of water increases between its melting point at 0 °C and 4 °C; similar behavior is observed in silicon at low temperatures.
The effect of pressure and temperature on the densities of liquids and solids is small. The compressibility for a typical liquid or solid is 10−6 bar−1 (1 bar = 0.1 MPa) and a typical thermal expansivity is 10−5 K−1. This roughly translates into needing around ten thousand times atmospheric pressure to reduce the volume of a substance by one percent. (Although the pressures needed may be around a thousand times smaller for sandy soil and some clays.) A one percent expansion of volume typically requires a temperature increase on the order of thousands of degrees Celsius.
In contrast, the density of gases is strongly affected by pressure. The density of an ideal gas is
ρ = M P R T , {\displaystyle \rho ={\frac {MP}{RT}},}
where M is the molar mass, P is the pressure, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature. This means that the density of an ideal gas can be doubled by doubling the pressure, or by halving the absolute temperature.
In the case of volumic thermal expansion at constant pressure and small intervals of temperature the temperature dependence of density is :
ρ = ρ T 0 1 + α ⋅ Δ T {\displaystyle \rho ={\frac {\rho _{T_{0}}}{1+\alpha \cdot \Delta T}}}
where ρ T 0 {\displaystyle \rho _{T_{0}}} is the density at a reference temperature, α {\displaystyle \alpha } is the thermal expansion coefficient of the material at temperatures close to T 0 {\displaystyle T_{0}} .
Density of solutions
The density of a solution is the sum of mass (massic) concentrations of the components of that solution.
Mass (massic) concentration of each given component ρi in a solution sums to density of the solution.
ρ = ∑ i ϱ i {\displaystyle \rho =\sum _{i}\varrho _{i}\,}
Expressed as a function of the densities of pure components of the mixture and their volume participation, it allows the determination of excess molar volumes:
ρ = ∑ i ρ i V i V = ∑ i ρ i φ i = ∑ i ρ i V i ∑ i V i + ∑ i V E i {\displaystyle \rho =\sum _{i}\rho _{i}{\frac {V_{i}}{V}}\,=\sum _{i}\rho _{i}\varphi _{i}=\sum _{i}\rho _{i}{\frac {V_{i}}{\sum _{i}V_{i}+\sum _{i}{V^{E}}_{i}}}}
provided that there is no interaction between the components.
Knowing the relation between excess volumes and activity coefficients of the components, one can determine the activity coefficients.
V E ¯ i = R T ∂ ln  γ i ∂ P {\displaystyle {\overline {V^{E}}}_{i}=RT{\frac {\partial \ln \gamma _{i}}{\partial P}}}
Densities
Various materials
Further information: Orders of magnitude (density)
Densities of various materials covering a range of values
Material
ρ (kg/m3)[note 1]
Notes
Hydrogen 0.0898
Helium 0.179
Aerographite 0.2 [note 2][7][8]
Metallic microlattice 0.9 [note 2]
Aerogel 1.0 [note 2]
Air 1.2 At sea level
Tungsten hexafluoride 12.4 One of the heaviest known gases at standard conditions
Liquid hydrogen 70 At approx. −255 °C
Styrofoam 75 Approx.[9]
Cork 240 Approx.[9]
Pine 373 [10]
Lithium 535
Wood 700 Seasoned, typical[11][12]
Oak 710 [10]
Potassium 860 [13]
Ice 916.7 At temperature < 0 °C
Cooking oil 910...930
Sodium 970
Water (fresh) 1,000 At 4 °C, the temperature of its maximum density
Water (salt) 1,030 0.9%
Liquid oxygen 1,141 At approx. −219 °C
Nylon 1,150
Plastics 1,175 Approx.; for polypropylene and PETE/PVC
Tetrachloroethene 1,622
Magnesium 1,740
Beryllium 1,850
Glycerol 1,261 [14]
Concrete 2,400 [15][16]
Silicon 2,330
Aluminium 2,700
Diiodomethane 3,325 Liquid at room temperature
Diamond 3,500
Titanium 4,540
Selenium 4,800
Vanadium 6,100
Antimony 6,690
Zinc 7,000
Chromium 7,200
Tin 7,310
Manganese 7,325 Approx.
Iron 7,870
Niobium 8,570
Brass 8,600 [16]
Cadmium 8,650
Cobalt 8,900
Nickel 8,900
Copper 8,940
Bismuth 9,750
Molybdenum 10,220
Silver 10,500
Lead 11,340
Thorium 11,700
Rhodium 12,410
Mercury 13,546
Tantalum 16,600
Uranium 18,800
Tungsten 19,300
Gold 19,320
Plutonium 19,840
Rhenium 21,020
Platinum 21,450
Iridium 22,420
Osmium 22,570
Notes:
Jump up ^ Unless otherwise noted, all densities given are at standard conditions for temperature and pressure,
that is, 273.15 K (0.00 °C) and 100 kPa (0.987 atm).
^ Jump up to: a b c Air contained in material excluded when calculating density
Others
Entity
ρ (kg/m3)
Notes
Interstellar medium 6981099999999999999♠1×10−19 Assuming 90% H, 10% He; variable T
The Earth 5,515 Mean density.[17]
The inner core of the Earth 13,000 Approx., as listed in Earth.[18]
The core of the Sun 33,000–160,000 Approx.[19]
Super-massive black hole 7005900000000000000♠9×105 Density of a 4.5-million-solar-mass black hole
Event horizon radius is 13.5 million km.
White dwarf star 7009210000000000000♠2.1×109 Approx.[20]
Atomic nuclei 7017229999999999999♠2.3×1017 Does not depend strongly on size of nucleus[21]
Neutron star 7018100000000000000♠1×1018
Stellar-mass black hole 7018100000000000000♠1×1018 Density of a 4-solar-mass black hole
Event horizon radius is 12 km.
Water
See also: Water density
Density of liquid water at 1 atm pressure
Temp. (°C)[note 1]
Density (kg/m3)
−30 983.854
−20 993.547
−10 998.117
0 999.8395
4 999.9720
10 999.7026
15 999.1026
20 998.2071
22 997.7735
25 997.0479
30 995.6502
40 992.2
60 983.2
80 971.8
100 958.4
Notes:
Jump up ^ Values below 0 °C refer to supercooled water.
Air
Main article: Density of air
Air density vs. temperature
Density of air at 1 atm pressure
T (°C)
ρ (kg/m3)
−25 1.423
−20 1.395
−15 1.368
−10 1.342
−5 1.316
0 1.293
5 1.269
10 1.247
15 1.225
20 1.204
25 1.184
30 1.164
35 1.146
Molar volumes of liquid and solid phase of elements
Molar volumes of liquid and solid phase of elements
Common units
The SI unit for density is:
kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3)
Litres and metric tons are not part of the SI, but are acceptable for use with it, leading to the following units:
kilograms per liter (kg/L)
grams per milliliter (g/mL)
metric tons per cubic meter (t/m3)
Densities using the following metric units all have exactly the same numerical value, one thousandth of the value in (kg/m3). Liquid water has a density of about 1 kg/dm3, making any of these SI units numerically convenient to use as most solids and liquids have densities between 0.1 and 20 kg/dm3.
kilograms per cubic decimetre (kg/dm3)
grams per cubic centimetre (g/cm3)
1 g/cm3 = 1000 kg/m3
megagrams (metric tons) per cubic metre (Mg/m3)
In US customary units density can be stated in:
Avoirdupois ounces per cubic inch (1 g/cc ≈ 0.578036672 oz/cu in)
Avoirdupois ounces per fluid ounce (1 g/cc ≈ 1.04317556 oz/fl. oz = 1.04317556 lbs/pint)
Avoirdupois pounds per cubic inch (1 g/cc ≈ 0.036127292 lb/cu in)
pounds per cubic foot (1 g/cc ≈ 62.427961 lb/cu ft)
pounds per cubic yard (1 g/cc ≈ 1685.5549 lb/cu yd)
pounds per US liquid gallon (1 g/cc ≈ 8.34540445 lb/gal)
pounds per US bushel (1 g/cc ≈ 77.6888513 lb/bu)
slugs per cubic foot
Imperial units differing from the above (as the Imperial gallon and bushel differ from the US units) in practice are rarely used, though found in older documents. The Imperial gallon was based on the concept that an Imperial fluid ounce of water would have a mass of one Avoirdupois ounce, and indeed 1 g/cc ≈ 1.00224129 ounces per Imperial fluid ounce = 10.0224129 lbs per Imperial gallon. The density of precious metals could conceivably be based on Troy ounces and pounds, a possible cause of confusion.
See also
List of elements by density
Air density
Area density
Bulk density
Buoyancy
Charge density
Density prediction by the Girolami method
Dord
Energy density
Lighter than air
Linear density
Number density
Orders of magnitude (density)
Orthobaric density
Paper density
Specific weight
Spice (oceanography)
Standard temperature and pressure
References
Jump up ^ The National Aeronautic and Atmospheric Administration's Glenn Research Center. "Gas Density Glenn research Center". grc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on April 14, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Density definition in Oil Gas Glossary". Oilgasglossary.com. Archived from the original on August 5, 2010. Retrieved September 14, 2010.
Jump up ^ Archimedes, A Gold Thief and Buoyancy Archived August 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine. – by Larry "Harris" Taylor, Ph.D.
Jump up ^ Vitruvius on Architecture, Book IX, paragraphs 9–12, translated into English and in the original Latin.
Jump up ^ "EXHIBIT: The First Eureka Moment". Science. 305 (5688): 1219e. 2004. doi:10.1126/science.305.5688.1219e.
Jump up ^ Fact or Fiction?: Archimedes Coined the Term "Eureka!" in the Bath, Scientific American, December 2006.
Jump up ^ New carbon nanotube struructure aerographite is lightest material champ Archived October 17, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.. Phys.org (July 13, 2012). Retrieved on July 14, 2012.
Jump up ^ Aerographit: Leichtestes Material der Welt entwickelt – SPIEGEL ONLINE Archived October 17, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.. Spiegel.de (July 11, 2012). Retrieved on July 14, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Re: which is more bouyant [sic] styrofoam or cork". Madsci.org. Archived from the original on February 14, 2011. Retrieved September 14, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b Raymond Serway; John Jewett (2005), Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, Cengage Learning, p. 467, ISBN 0-534-49143-X, archived from the original on May 17, 2016
Jump up ^ "Wood Densities". www.engineeringtoolbox.com. Archived from the original on October 20, 2012. Retrieved October 15, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Density of Wood". www.simetric.co.uk. Archived from the original on October 26, 2012. Retrieved October 15, 2012.
Jump up ^ CRC Press Handbook of tables for Applied Engineering Science, 2nd Edition, 1976, Table 1-59
Jump up ^ glycerol composition at Archived February 28, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.. Physics.nist.gov. Retrieved on July 14, 2012.
Jump up ^ [1]
^ Jump up to: a b Hugh D. Young; Roger A. Freedman. University Physics with Modern Physics Archived April 30, 2016, at the Wayback Machine.. Addison-Wesley; 2012. ISBN 978-0-321-69686-1. p. 374.
Jump up ^ Density of the Earth, wolframalpha.com, archived from the original on October 17, 2013
Jump up ^ Density of Earth's core, wolframalpha.com, archived from the original on October 17, 2013
Jump up ^ Density of the Sun's core, wolframalpha.com, archived from the original on October 17, 2013
Jump up ^ Extreme Stars: White Dwarfs & Neutron Stars Archived September 25, 2007, at the Wayback Machine., Jennifer Johnson, lecture notes, Astronomy 162, Ohio State University. Accessed: May 3, 2007.
Jump up ^ Nuclear Size and Density Archived July 6, 2009, at the Wayback Machine., HyperPhysics, Georgia State University. Accessed: June 26, 2009.
External links
"Density". Encyclopædia Britannica. 8 (11th ed.). 1911.
"Density". The New Student's Reference Work. 1914.
Video: Density Experiment with Oil and Alcohol
Video: Density Experiment with Whiskey and Water
Glass Density Calculation – Calculation of the density of glass at room temperature and of glass melts at 1000 – 1400°C
List of Elements of the Periodic Table – Sorted by Density
Calculation of saturated liquid densities for some components
Field density test
On-line calculator for densities and partial molar volumes of aqueous solutions of some common electrolytes and their mixtures, at temperatures up to 323.15 K.[permanent dead link]
Water – Density and specific weight
Temperature dependence of the density of water – Conversions of density units
A delicious density experiment
Water density calculator Water density for a given salinity and temperature.
Liquid density calculator Select a liquid from the list and calculate density as a function of temperature.
Gas density calculator Calculate density of a gas for as a function of temperature and pressure.
Densities of various materials.
Determination of Density of Solid, instructions for performing classroom experiment.
density prediction
density prediction
Authority control
NDL: 00567732
[hide]
v
t
e
Mole concepts
Physical quantities
Mass concentration
Molar concentration
Molality
Mass
Volume
Density
Mole fraction
Mass fraction
Amount of substance
Molar mass
Atomic mass
Particle number
Avogadro constant
Pressure
Kelvin temperature
Gas constant
Molar volume
Specific volume
Laws
Charles's law
Boyle's law
Gay-Lussac's law
Combined gas law
Ideal gas law
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Density&oldid=830142073"
Categories:
Density
Physical quantities
Hidden categories:
Webarchive template wayback links
Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism
Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages
Use mdy dates from October 2015
Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference
Wikipedia articles incorporating citation to the NSRW
Wikipedia articles incorporating citation to the NSRW with an wstitle parameter
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from March 2018
Articles with permanently dead external links
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
View source
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Afrikaans
Alemannisch
العربية
Aragonés
অসমীয়া
Asturianu
Azərbaycanca
تۆرکجه
বাংলা
Bân-lâm-gú
Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
भोजपुरी
Български
Boarisch
Bosanski
Català
Čeština
ChiShona
Cymraeg
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Frysk
Furlan
Gaeilge
Gàidhlig
Galego
한국어
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Hrvatski
Ido
Igbo
Bahasa Indonesia
Interlingua
Íslenska
Italiano
עברית
Basa Jawa
ಕನ್ನಡ
ქართული
Қазақша
Kiswahili
Kreyòl ayisyen
Kurdî
Кыргызча
Latina
Latviešu
Lëtzebuergesch
Lietuvių
La .lojban.
Lumbaart
Magyar
Македонски
മലയാളം
मराठी
მარგალური
مصرى
Bahasa Melayu
Монгол
မြန်မာဘာသာ
Nederlands
नेपाली
日本語
Napulitano
Nordfriisk
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Occitan
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
Plattdüütsch
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
संस्कृतम्
Scots
Shqip
Sicilianu
සිංහල
Simple English
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
Ślůnski
کوردی
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
தமிழ்
తెలుగు
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
اردو
Tiếng Việt
Winaray
吴语
Yorùbá
粵語
中文
99 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 13 March 2018, at 00:30.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: This article is semi-protected until October 4, 2026, due to vandalism

attrs: class id

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/Density_(disambiguation)
mw-disambig
Density (disambiguation)

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: i

values:
/wiki/SI_unit
mw-redirect
SI unit

value: sup

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Rho_(letter)
mw-redirect
Rho (letter)

values: vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:7.177ex; height:4.843ex;

values: Standard conditions for temperature and pressure

values:
/wiki/Intensive_property
mw-redirect
Intensive property

values:
/wiki/US_customary_units
mw-redirect
US customary units

values:
/wiki/Homogeneous_(chemistry)
mw-redirect
Homogeneous (chemistry)

values:
/wiki/Coriolis_flow_meter
mw-redirect
Coriolis flow meter

values: vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:14.755ex; height:2.843ex;

values: vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.003ex; height:2.176ex;

values: vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.049ex; height:1.676ex;

values: {\displaystyle m=\int _{V}\rho ({\vec {r}})\,dV.}

values: vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:16.586ex; height:5.676ex;

values:
/wiki/Thermal_expansivity
mw-redirect
Thermal expansivity

values: vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:9.971ex; height:5.343ex;

values:
/wiki/Absolute_temperature
mw-redirect
Absolute temperature

values: vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:15.878ex; height:5.343ex;

values: vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:3.226ex; height:2.343ex;

values: vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.488ex; height:1.676ex;

values: vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.412ex; height:2.509ex;

values: {\displaystyle \rho =\sum _{i}\varrho _{i}\,}

values: vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:10.431ex; height:5.509ex;

values:
/wiki/Volume_concentration
mw-redirect
Volume concentration

values: vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:50.743ex; height:6.343ex;

values: vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:17.69ex; height:5.676ex;

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter
text-align:center; float:left;

values:
/wiki/Atomic_nuclei
mw-redirect
Atomic nuclei

values:
/wiki/Cubic_meter
mw-redirect
Cubic meter

values:
/wiki/Avoirdupois_ounce
mw-redirect
Avoirdupois ounce

values:
/wiki/US_liquid_gallon
mw-redirect
US liquid gallon

values:
/wiki/Imperial_fluid_ounce
mw-redirect
Imperial fluid ounce

values:
/wiki/List_of_elements_by_density
mw-redirect
List of elements by density

values:
/wiki/Air_density
mw-redirect
Air density

values:
/wiki/Standard_temperature_and_pressure
mw-redirect
Standard temperature and pressure

values: -moz-column-width: 22em; -webkit-column-width: 22em; column-width: 22em;

values: National Aeronautic and Space Administration

values:
nofollow
external text
http://oilgasglossary.com/density.html

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.simetric.co.uk/si_wood.htm

values: -moz-column-width: 40em; -webkit-column-width: 40em; column-width: 40em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition

values: s:The New Student's Reference Work/Density

values:
/wiki/Kelvin_temperature
mw-redirect
Kelvin temperature

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Category:Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism

values: Category:Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages

values: Category:Use mdy dates from October 2015

values: Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference

values: Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating citation to the NSRW with an wstitle parameter

values: Category:All articles with dead external links

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from March 2018

values: Category:Articles with permanently dead external links

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Density
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values:
This page is protected.
You can view its source [ctrl-alt-e]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digtheid
Digtheid – Afrikaans
af
af
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-af
display: none;

values:
https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichte
Dichte – Alemannisch
als
als
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-als
display: none;

values: كثافة – Arabic

values:
https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Densidat
Densidat – Aragonese
an
an
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-an
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-as
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ast
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-az
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-azb
display: none;

values: ঘনত্ব – Bangla

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan
display: none;

values: Шчыльнасць – Belarusian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be
display: none;

values: Шчыльнасьць – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bh
display: none;

values: Плътност – Bulgarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values:
https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichtn
Dichtn – Bavarian
bar
bar
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bar
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bs
display: none;

values:
https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Densitat
Densitat – Catalan
ca
ca
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hustota
Hustota – Czech
cs
cs
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sn
display: none;

values:
https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwysedd
Dwysedd – Welsh
cy
cy
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cy
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichte
Dichte – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-de
display: none;

values:
https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tihedus
Tihedus – Estonian
et
et
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-et
display: none;

values: Πυκνότητα – Greek

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-el
display: none;

values:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Densidad
Densidad – Spanish
es
es
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denso
Denso – Esperanto
eo
eo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fr
display: none;

values:
https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tichtheid
Tichtheid – Western Frisian
fy
fy
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fy
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fur
display: none;

values:
https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dl%C3%BAs
Dlús – Irish
ga
ga
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ga
display: none;

values:
https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dluthad
Dluthad – Scottish Gaelic
gd
gd
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gd
display: none;

values:
https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Densidade
Densidade – Galician
gl
gl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values: Խտություն – Armenian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hy
display: none;

values: घनत्व – Hindi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-io
display: none;

values:
https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density
Density – Igbo
ig
ig
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ig
display: none;

values: Densitate (quantitate physic) – Interlingua

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ia
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-is
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: צפיפות החומר – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-jv
display: none;

values: ಸಾಂದ್ರತೆ – Kannada

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kn
display: none;

values: სიმკვრივე – Georgian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ka
display: none;

values: Тығыздық – Kazakh

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kk
display: none;

values:
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Densiti
Densiti – Swahili
sw
sw
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sw
display: none;

values:
https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dansite
Dansite – Haitian Creole
ht
ht
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ht
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ku
display: none;

values: Тыгыздык – Kyrgyz

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ky
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-la
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lv
display: none;

values:
https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicht
Dicht – Luxembourgish
lb
lb
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lb
display: none;

values:
https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tankis
Tankis – Lithuanian
lt
lt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lt
display: none;

values:
https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/denmi
denmi – Lojban
jbo
jbo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mk
display: none;

values: സാന്ദ്രത – Malayalam

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ml
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-arz
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mn
display: none;

values: သိပ်သည်းခြင်း – Burmese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-my
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: घनत्व – Nepali

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ne
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ja
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nap
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-frr
display: none;

values:
https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetthet
Tetthet – Norwegian
no
no
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tettleik
Tettleik – Norwegian Nynorsk
nn
nn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-oc
display: none;

values: ਸੰਘਣਾਪਣ – Punjabi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pa
display: none;

values:
https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicht
Dicht – Low German
nds
nds
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nds
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Densidade
Densidade – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Densitate
Densitate – Romanian
ro
ro
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

values: Плотность – Russian

values: घनत्वम् (भौतविज्ञानम्) – Sanskrit

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sa
display: none;

values:
https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density
Density – Scots
sco
sco
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sco
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sq
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-scn
display: none;

values: ඝනත්වය – Sinhala

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-si
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sk
display: none;

values:
https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gostota
Gostota – Slovenian
sl
sl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-szl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb
display: none;

values: Густина – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values:
https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustina
Gustina – Serbo-Croatian
sh
sh
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiheys
Tiheys – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Densitet
Densitet – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: அடர்த்தி – Tamil

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ta
display: none;

values: సాంద్రత – Telugu

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-te
display: none;

values: ความหนาแน่น – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: کثافت – Urdu

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values:
https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasuok
Kasuok – Waray
war
war
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-war
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-yo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Density rootpage-Density skin-vector action-view


text:
Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Republic of India
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
India
Union Government[show]
Constitution of India
Fundamental rights
Executive:
President
Vice President
Prime Minister
Union Council of Ministers
Cabinet Secretary of India
Civil Services of India
Parliament:
Rajya Sabha
Lok Sabha
The Chairman
The Speaker
Judiciary:
Supreme Court of India
Chief Justice of India
High Courts
District Courts
Elections[show]
Election Commission:
Chief Election Commissioner
Political parties[show]
National parties
State parties
National coalitions:
National Democratic Alliance (NDA)
United Progressive Alliance (UPA)
State Govt. and Local Govt.[show]
Governor
Chief Minister
Chief Secretary
State Level:
Vidhan Sabha
Vidhan Parishad
Local governments:
Divisional commissioner
District magistrate
Sub-divisional magistrate
Rural bodies
Zilla panchayats
Mandal Or Taluka Panchayats
Gram Panchayats
Urban bodies
Municipal Corporations
Municipal councils
Nagar Panchayats
Other countries
Atlas
v
t
e
The Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha presides over the proceedings of the Rajya Sabha in the absence of the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. The Deputy Chairman is elected internally by the Rajya Sabha.[1]
List of Deputy Chairmen of the Rajya Sabha[edit]
Deputy Chairman[2]
Term
Party
S. V. Krishnamoorthy Rao 31 May 1952 – 2 April 1956 Indian National Congress
S. V. Krishnamoorthy Rao 25 April 1956 — 1 March 1962 Indian National Congress
Violet Alva 19 April 1962 – 2 April 1966 Indian National Congress
Violet Alva 7 April 1966 – 16 November 1969 Indian National Congress
B. D. Khobragade 17 December 1969 – 2 April 1972 Republican Party of India
Godey Murahari 4 April 1972 – 2 April 1974 Samyukta Socialist Party
Godey Murahari 26 April 1974 – 20 March 1977 Samyukta Socialist Party
Ram Niwas Mirdha 30 March 1977 – 4 April 1980 Indian National Congress
Shyamlal Yadav 30 July 1980 – 4 April 1982 Indian National Congress
Shyamlal Yadav 28 April 1982 – 29 December 1984 Indian National Congress
Najma Heptullah 25 January 1985 – 20 January 1986 Indian National Congress
M. M. Jacob 2 February 1986 – 22 October 1986 Indian National Congress
Pratibha Patil 18 November 1986 – 5 November 1988 Indian National Congress
Najma Heptullah 11 November 1988 – 4 July 1992 Indian National Congress
Najma Heptullah 10 July 1992 – 4 July 1998 Indian National Congress
Najma Heptullah 9 July 1998 – 10 June 2004 Indian National Congress
K. Rahman Khan 22 July 2004 – 2 April 2006 Indian National Congress
K. Rahman Khan 12 May 2006 – 2 April 2012 Indian National Congress
P. J. Kurien 21 August 2012 – Present Indian National Congress
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Introduction to the Parliament of India". Parliament of India.
Jump up ^ "Former Deputy Chairmen of the Rajya Sabha". Rajya Sabha.
External links[edit]
"Former Deputy Chairmen of the Rajya Sabha". Rajya Sabha Official website.
This article about government in India is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
v
t
e
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Chairman_of_the_Rajya_Sabha&oldid=795129416"
Categories:
Rajya Sabha
Chairs of upper houses
Members of the Rajya Sabha
Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha
Lists of political office-holders in India
Lists of members of the Rajya Sabha
Lists of legislative speakers in India
Indian government stubs
Hidden categories:
Use dmy dates from June 2013
Use Indian English from June 2013
All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English
All stub articles
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
हिन्दी
Edit links
This page was last edited on 12 August 2017, at 05:56.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values:
/wiki/Republic_of_India
mw-redirect
Republic of India

attrs: class style

values: adr font-size:smaller

attrs: class id href

values: NavToggle NavToggle1 #

values:
/wiki/Fundamental_Rights_in_India
mw-redirect
Fundamental Rights in India

values:
/wiki/Chairman_of_Rajya_Sabha
mw-redirect
Chairman of Rajya Sabha

values:
/wiki/High_Courts_of_India
mw-redirect
High Courts of India

values: font-size: 105%; padding: 0.2em 0px 0.4em; text-align: center; display: none;

values: Governors and Lieutenant-Governors of states of India

values:
/wiki/Divisional_commissioner
mw-redirect
Divisional commissioner

values:
/wiki/District_magistrate
mw-redirect
District magistrate

values:
/wiki/Sub-divisional_magistrate
mw-redirect
Sub-divisional magistrate

values:
/wiki/Panchayat_Samiti_(Block)
mw-redirect
Panchayat Samiti (Block)

values:
/wiki/Gram_Panchayats
mw-redirect
Gram Panchayats

values:
/wiki/Nagar_Palika_(Municipality)
mw-redirect
Nagar Palika (Municipality)

values:
/wiki/Nagar_Panchayat
mw-redirect
Nagar Panchayat

values: padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.3em;font-weight:bold;border-top: 1px solid #aaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;

values: float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;width: auto;

values:
/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Rajya_Sabha
mw-redirect
Chairman of the Rajya Sabha

values: Edit section: List of Deputy Chairmen of the Rajya Sabha

values:
/wiki/B._D._Khobragade
mw-redirect
B. D. Khobragade

values:
/wiki/Najma_Heptullah
mw-redirect
Najma Heptullah

values: position: absolute; right: 15px; display: none;

values:
metadata plainlinks stub
presentation
background:transparent

values: Category:Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha

values: Category:Lists of political office-holders in India

values: Category:Lists of members of the Rajya Sabha

values: Category:Lists of legislative speakers in India

values: Category:Use Indian English from June 2013

values: Category:All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: राज्य सभा के उपाध्यक्ष – Hindi

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Deputy_Chairman_of_the_Rajya_Sabha rootpage-Deputy_Chairman_of_the_Rajya_Sabha skin-vector action-view