text:
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
Promotional advertisement for the original NBC airing.
Based on
"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer"
by Johnny Marks
Written by
Romeo Muller
Directed by
Larry Roemer
Kizo Nagashima
(associate director)
Narrated by
Burl Ives
Country of origin
United States
Canada
Japan
Original language(s)
English
Production
Producer(s)
Arthur Rankin, Jr.
Jules Bass
(co-producer)
Cinematography
Tadahito Mochinaga
Running time
55 minutes
Production company(s)
Videocraft International
Distributor
NBCUniversal Television Distribution
Release
Original network
NBC (1964–1971)
CBS (1972–present)
Original release
December 6, 1964 (1964-12-06)
Chronology
Followed by
Rudolph's Shiny New Year
External links
Website
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is a 1964 Christmas stop-motion animated television special produced by Videocraft International, Ltd. (later known as Rankin/Bass Productions) and currently distributed by Universal Television. It first aired Sunday, December 6, 1964, on the NBC television network in the United States, and was sponsored by General Electric under the umbrella title of The General Electric Fantasy Hour. The special was based on the Johnny Marks song "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" which was itself based on the poem of the same name written in 1939 by Marks' brother-in-law, Robert L. May. Since 1972, the special has aired on CBS, with the network unveiling a high-definition, digitally remastered version of the program in 2005. As with A Charlie Brown Christmas and How the Grinch Stole Christmas, Rudolph no longer airs just once annually, but several times during the Christmas and holiday season on CBS. Unlike other holiday specials that also air on several cable channels (including Freeform), Rudolph only airs on CBS. It has been telecast every year since 1964, making it the longest continuously running Christmas TV special in history. 2014 marked the 50th anniversary of the television special[1] and a series of postage stamps featuring Rudolph was issued by the United States Postal Service on November 6, 2014.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
3.1 Aftermath
3.2 Production credits
4 Different versions
4.1 Original 1964 NBC broadcast edit
4.2 1965–1997 telecasts
4.3 1998– CBS telecasts
5 Home media
6 Soundtrack
7 Merchandise
8 Reception
9 Sequels
10 In popular culture
10.1 Films by Corky Quakenbush
10.2 Uses in advertising
10.3 Other References
11 Copyright issues
12 See also
13 References
14 External links
Plot[edit]
Sam the Snowman welcomes the viewers to Christmastown at the North Pole and introduces Santa and Mrs. Claus who live in a castle located north of the Christmas Tree Forest. Mrs. Claus fusses over Santa as she wants him to fatten up by Christmas Eve. Sam then recalls the year Christmas was almost cancelled due to a snowstorm and tells the story of how a very special reindeer saved the day.
Donner, Santa's lead reindeer, and his wife have given birth to their new baby fawn, Rudolph. Upon admiring him, they are surprised to see that Rudolph has been born with a glowing red nose. When Santa arrives, he warns Donner that Rudolph will not make the sleigh team because of his nose. Donner then decides to hide the nose by covering it with mud to allow Rudolph to fit in with all the other reindeer.
Over Rudolph's first year of life, Donner trains him in the basics of being a reindeer, including hiding from the Abominable Snow Monster of the North. Rudolph enters the reindeer games, competing against his fellow fawns. During flight practice, Rudolph meets a doe named Clarice who tells him he is cute, and kisses him, which causes an elated Rudolph to fly higher and faster than everyone else. However, while celebrating with the other bucks, Rudolph's nose cover pops off, and the others react with fear, then scorn and finally rejection as Rudolph is kicked out of the Reindeer Games. Walking away, Rudolph walks with Clarice, who supports him, until her father firmly tells her to never have any more contacts with a red-nosed reindeer. Then, Rudolph meets up with Hermey, an elf who ran away from Santa's workshop because he wanted to be a dentist instead of making toys, and they decide to run away together. The pair then meet a prospector named Yukon Cornelius, who has fruitlessly searched his whole life for silver and gold. After escaping the snow monster on an ice floe, the trio crash land on the Island of Misfit Toys where unloved or unwanted toys live with their ruler, a winged lion named King Moonracer. The king allows the group to stay one night on the island in exchange for returning to Christmastown to ask Santa to find homes for the unwanted toys. However, Rudolph leaves the island in the middle of the night on his own, fearing that his nose, which attracts the snow monster, will endanger his friends.
Time goes by and Rudolph grows into adulthood; he tries and fails to find a place to settle where he will be accepted despite his nose and decides to return home. There, he finds that his parents and Clarice have been looking for him for months; he sets out once again to find them, only to discover that the snow monster has captured them. Rudolph tries to save Clarice from being eaten, but the monster hits him in the head with a stalactite, dazing him. Hermey and Yukon return to Christmastown and go to save Rudolph. Hermey, posing as a pig, lures the monster out of his cave and Yukon drops rocks on his head to knock him out. Hermey then pulls out all the monster's teeth. Realizing Yukon drives the toothless (and now terrified) monster back, only to follow it over the cliff with all his pack dogs. Mourning Yukon's presumed death, Rudolph, Hermey, Clarice, and the Donners return home where everyone apologizes to them. After hearing their story, Santa welcomes the group back to Christmastown, promises that he will find homes for the Misfit Toys, Hermey opens his own dentist's office, and Clarice's father apologizes for being so hard on Rudolph. Yukon then returns with a reformed snow monster (Yukon notes that they bounce) and demonstrates the beast's ability to trim a Christmas tree. While everybody's celebrating, Santa interrupts, grimly informing everyone that because of the storm, he is forced to cancel the Christmas trip. Santa is soon distracted by Rudolph's red nose and realizes that its light could cut through the storm. He asks Rudolph to lead the sleigh and Rudolph agrees. The team then flies off to the island and pick up the toys. The special ends with Santa wishing the viewers a merry Christmas as he and Rudolph fly off into the night.
Cast[edit]
Hermey and Rudolph
Billie Mae Richards[3][4] voices Rudolph, a reindeer with strong mental (he learns to speak shortly after birth) and physical strength who is shunned for his nonconforming red nose, but later saves Christmas.
Stan Francis voices:
Santa Claus, portrayed in the special as a moody, nervous and "skinny Santa" whose fears are only allayed when he conjures the idea of using Rudolph's nose to lead the sleigh.
King Moonracer, a winged lion who rules the entire Island of Misfit Toys. King Moonracer's voice uses a reverb effect to distinguish it from Santa Claus.
Paul Kligman voices:
Donner, Rudolph's father and Santa's most prized reindeer. While he loves and accepts Rudolph, he shows great concern that society will reject him for his nose and tries to protect him by creating a nose cover.
Comet, head coach of the Reindeer Games.
Clarice's unnamed father, who forbids Clarice from shaming the family by associating with a red-nosed reindeer.
Burl Ives voices Sam the Snowman, the narrator.
Paul Soles voices Hermey, an elf who dreams of pursuing a career in dentistry and "feels different" from the other elves. He eventually is forced out and runs off with Rudolph.
Janis Orenstein voices Clarice, a female reindeer who is the only one of Rudolph's age to not reject him. She later joins Rudolph's parents in the search party.
Larry D. Mann voices Yukon Cornelius, the "greatest prospector of the North" who joins Rudolph and Hermey on their journey but never finds the silver and gold he seeks.
Peg Dixon voices:
Mrs. Claus, a pushy wife who mocks her husband's lack of appetite.
Mrs. Donner, a loving and mostly submissive wife.
Carl Banas voices:
The Head Elf. For the Head Elf's voice, Banas uses a meek Bill Thompson-like voice when speaking in front of Santa Claus, but turns into a ruthless boss with a voice similar to Mel Blanc's Yosemite Sam or Cosmo Spacely when Santa is not around.
Various Misfit Toys, including a Spotted Elephant, King Moonracer's footman; a bird that swims, a cowboy who rides an ostrich, a train with square wheels on his caboose, two teddy bears (one on a bicycle and one with wings), a boat that doesn't float, a set of clown nesting dolls with a wind-up mouse as the last one, a water pistol that shoots jelly, a plane that can't fly, a toy car that only drives in reverse, and a scooter with two wheels in front and one in back.
Alfie Scopp voices:
Fireball, who introduces Rudolph to the opposite sex, but later snubs Rudolph when his red nose is revealed.
Charlie-In-The-Box, the island's sentry.
Corinne Conley voices Dolly, a seemingly normal girl rag doll on the Island of Misfit Toys. Her misfit problem is never explained on the special; many decades later, on NPR's Wait Wait… Don't Tell Me! news quiz show (broadcast December 8, 2007), Rudolph's producer, Arthur Rankin Jr., noted that Dolly's problem was psychological, caused by being abandoned by her owner (named as Sue in the special) and suffering depression from feeling uncared-for.[5]
Production[edit]
The TV special, with the teleplay by Romeo Muller, introduced several new characters inspired by the song's lyrics. Muller told an interviewer shortly before his death that he would have preferred to base the teleplay on May's original book, but could not find a copy.[6] Other than Burl Ives, all characters were portrayed by Canadian actors recorded at RCA studios in Toronto under the supervision of Bernard Cowan.[7]
After the script, concept designs and storyboards for Rudolph were done by Arthur Rankin, Jr. and his staff of artists at Rankin/Bass in New York City. The company's trademark stop motion animation process, known as "Animagic", was filmed at MOM Productions in Tokyo with supervision by Tadahito Mochinaga and associate direction by Kizo Nagashima.[6] Besides Rudolph, Mochinaga and the rest of the Japanese puppet animation staff are also known for their partnership with Rankin/Bass on their other Animagic productions almost throughout the 1960s, from The New Adventures of Pinocchio, to Willy McBean and his Magic Machine, to The Daydreamer and Mad Monster Party?.[6]
Aftermath[edit]
Since those involved with the production had no idea of the future value of the stop-motion puppet figures used in the production, many were not preserved. Rankin claimed in 2007 to be in possession of an original Rudolph figure.[8] Nine other puppets—including Santa and young Rudolph—were given to a secretary, who gave them to family members. Eventually seven were discarded.[8] In 2005, the remaining two puppets of Rudolph and Santa were appraised on Antiques Roadshow; the episode aired in 2006 on PBS. At that time, their appraised value was between $8,000 and $10,000. The puppets had been damaged through years of rough handling by children and storage in an attic.[9] Toy aficionado Kevin Kriess bought Santa and Rudolph in 2005; in 2007, he had both puppets restored by Screen Novelties, a Los Angeles-based collective of film directors specializing in stop motion animation with puppet fabricator Robin Walsh leading the project.[8][10] The figures have been shown at conventions since then.[11]
Production credits[edit]
Directed by Larry Roemer
Produced by Arthur Rankin, Jr.
Co-Producer: Jules Bass
Written by Romeo Muller
Adapted from the Story by Robert L. May
Adapted from the Song by Johnny Marks
Music and Lyrics by Johnny Marks
Music Conducted and Arranged by Maury Laws
Associate Director: Kizo Nagashima
Recording Engineers: Bill Giles, Alan Mirchin, Ralph Friedman
Sound Effects: Walter Gustafson
Recording Supervisor: Bernard Cowan
"Animagic" Supervisor: Tadahito Mochinaga (aka Tad Mochinaga)
Continuity Design: Anthony Peters
Different versions[edit]
Original 1964 NBC broadcast edit[edit]
This version has the NBC "living color" peacock at the introduction. It includes the original end credits, where an elf drops presents that list all the technical credits. It also includes commercials that were exclusively for GE small appliances with some of the same animated elves from the main program introducing each of the products, and closing NBC network bumpers, including promos for the following week's episodes of GE College Bowl and Meet the Press, which were presumably pre-empted that Sunday for the inaugural 5:30 PM (EST) telecast. The College Bowl quiz show was also sponsored by GE.[12] The original does not include Santa traveling to the Island of Misfit Toys, but does include a scene near the end of the special in which Yukon Cornelius discovers a peppermint mine near Santa's workshop. He can be seen throughout the special tossing his pickax into the air, sniffing, then licking the end that contacts the snow or ice. Deletion of the peppermint segment in 1965, to make room for Santa traveling to the Island of Misfit Toys, leaves audience to assume that Cornelius was attempting to find either silver or gold by taste alone.[6]
1965–1997 telecasts[edit]
The 1965 broadcast also included a new duet between Rudolph and Hermey called "Fame and Fortune", which replaced a scene in which the same characters sang "We're a Couple of Misfits". Viewers of the 1964 special complained that Santa was not shown fulfilling his promise to the Misfit Toys (to include them in his annual toy delivery).[6] In reaction, a new scene for subsequent rebroadcasts was produced with Santa making his first stop at the Island to pick up the toys. This is the ending that has been shown on all telecasts and video releases ever since. Until sometime in the 1970s the special aired without additional cuts, but eventually more commercial time was required by the network. In 1978, several sequences were deleted to make room for more advertising: the instrumental bridge from "We Are Santa's Elves" featuring the elf orchestra, additional dialogue by Burl Ives, and the "Peppermint Mine" scene resolving the fate of Yukon Cornelius.[6] The special's 1993 restoration saw "Misfits" returned to its original film context, and the 2004 DVD release showcases "Fame and Fortune" as a separate musical number.
1998– CBS telecasts[edit]
Most of the 1965 deletions were restored in 1998, and "Fame and Fortune" was replaced with the original "We're a Couple of Misfits" reprise. A short slide reading "Rankin/Bass Presents" was inserted at the beginning of the special to reflect the company's name change. The "Peppermint Mine" scene was not restored; it has not aired on CBS since the mid 70s.
Starting in 2005, CBS aired the video of the "Fame and Fortune" scene with the soundtrack replaced by an edited version of "We're a Couple of Misfits".[6] The special has been edited to make more time for commercial advertising by shortening some musical numbers.
Home media[edit]
When Rudolph was first issued on VHS, Betamax, and LaserDisc by Family Home Entertainment and Broadway Video from 1989 to 1997 under the Christmas Classics Series label, the 1965 rebroadcast print described above was used. All current video prints of Rudolph by Classic Media are a compendium of the two previous telecast versions of the special. All the footage in the current versions follow the original NBC airing (without the original GE commercials) up until the "Peppermint Mine" scene, followed by the final act of the 1965 edit (with the Island of Misfit Toys finale and the 1965 alternate credits in place of the original end credit sequence).
In 1998, the special was released by Sony Wonder on VHS. In 2000, it was released on DVD, and on Blu-ray Disc in 2010 (although the Blu-ray does not contain the bonus features from the previous DVD release.) This edit has been made available in original color form by former rights holders Classic Media,[13] (which in 2012 became the DreamWorks Classics division of DreamWorks Animation, and finally in 2016, part of Universal Pictures)[14] As previously mentioned, this is also the version currently airing on CBS, albeit in edited form to accommodate more commercial time. In November 2014, Classic Media released a 50th anniversary edition of the special on Blu-ray.[15] Walmart released an exclusive 50th anniversary Blu-ray edition with a storybook.
Soundtrack[edit]
Main article: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (soundtrack)
The songs and incidental music were all written by Johnny Marks, with Maury Laws supervising. In addition to the songs previously mentioned, the score also includes the film's love theme "There's Always Tomorrow", sung by Clarice after Rudolph is kicked out of the reindeer games. Marks' holiday standard "Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree" appears as instrumental background music when Rudolph first arrives at the Reindeer Games. Also included in the soundtrack is an instrumental version of Marks' setting of the Christmas hymn "I Heard the Bells on Christmas Day."
In 1964, an LP record of the soundtrack was released on Decca Records. It contained all the original songs performed as they are in the special, with the exception of Burl Ives' material, which has been re-recorded. MCA Special Products released the soundtrack on CD in June 1995. It is an exact duplication of the original LP released in 1964. Tracks 1-9 are the original soundtrack selections while tracks 10-19 are the same songs performed by the Decca Concert Orchestra. The song "Fame and Fortune" is not contained on either release. On November 30, 2004 the soundtrack was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America for selling over 500,000 copies.
Ives re-recorded "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" and "A Holly Jolly Christmas", with different arrangements, for his own album Have a Holly Jolly Christmas in 1965.[16]
Merchandise[edit]
Books and other items related to the show have in some cases misspelled "Hermey" as "Herbie". Rich Goldschmidt, who wrote Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Making of the Rankin/Bass Holiday Classic, says the scripts by Romeo Muller show the spelling to be "Hermey".[17]
A Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer video game was released on November 9, 2010. The adaptation was published by Red Wagon Games for the Wii and Nintendo DS, and was developed by High Voltage Software and Glyphic Entertainment respectively. The Wii version was received poorly, and garnered extremely negative reviews from sites such as IGN giving it a 1.5/10.[18]
Reception[edit]
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer received an approval rating of 92% on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on thirteen reviews.[19]
Sequels[edit]
The Rankin/Bass special, which currently airs on CBS, inspired numerous television sequels made by the same studio:
Rudolph's Shiny New Year (1976), a special that first aired on ABC and is still aired annually on both ABC and Freeform.
Rudolph and Frosty's Christmas in July (1979), a feature-length special that paired Rudolph with the song-inspired character Frosty the Snowman.
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and the Island of Misfit Toys (2001), a direct-to-video computer-animated film that is considered[by whom?] an unofficial sequel to the 1964 film.
"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer - 4D Attraction"[20] (2016), A faithful, 10-minute stop motion story adaptation in the form of a 4D film for SimEx-Iwerks;[21] produced by Bent Image Lab and directed by Chel White.
In popular culture[edit]
The television special's familiarity to American audiences through its annual rebroadcasts, along with its primitive stop-motion animation that is easy to recreate with modern technology and the special's ambiguous copyright status, has lent itself to numerous parodies and homages over the years.
Films by Corky Quakenbush[edit]
Animator Corky Quakenbush has produced parodies of Rudolph for several American television shows:
In its December 16, 1995 episode, the Fox Network's comedy series MADtv aired "Raging Rudolph",[22] which also parodied Martin Scorsese's films. In it, Sam The Snowman narrates in a Joe Pesci-like voice how Rudolph and Hermey got violent Mafia-style revenge on their tormentors. This was followed by two sequels: "The Reinfather",[23] spoofing The Godfather trilogy and "A Pack of Gifts Now",[24] spoofing Apocalypse Now.
A 2001 episode of That '70s Show, titled "An Eric Forman Christmas", featured a subplot where Kelso was taunted by his friends for still watching "kiddie shows" like Rudolph even though he was in high school. A dream sequence produced and directed by Quakenbush, Kelso himself appears in stop-motion form with Rudolph and Santa who encourage him to continue watching their show.
In December 2005, the George Lopez Show featured an animated segment in which Lopez sees a stop-motion version of himself on television in a Rudolph-style special mirroring the theme of the holiday episode.
In the stop-motion animated film The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993), Jack looks through a book version of Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer to find a logical answer to explain Christmas to the other citizens of Halloween Town. Later, Zero, the ghost dog, has a magnificently glowing pumpkin nose, which is bright enough to break through the fog that Sally has conjured up. Jack lets Zero go to the head of his skeleton reindeer team and light the way for him.
Chel White, of Bent Image Lab, directed two parodies that played on Saturday Night Live', on Robert Smigel's TV Funhouse:
In a 2001 TV Funhouse episode, Sam the Snowman refuses to narrate the story because of the September 11, 2001 attacks. He then takes two children to Ground Zero at New York City, but Santa Claus convinces him to narrate the story, because people need comforting stories like Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer. Sam decided to narrate the tale, but was immediately interrupted by a special news report.
In 2004, TV Funhouse referenced the Red state-blue state divide. In the segment, Santa hangs out with liberal celebrities Natalie Merchant, Margaret Cho, Al Franken, and Moby while skipping over the Red states ("screw the red states, voting for that dumbass president just because of that moral values crap. I don't want any part of them!"). Rudolph's red nose turns blue.
In 2004, for Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer's 40th anniversary, CBS produced stop motion promos for their programming line-up, done in the style of Rankin/Bass animation. Appearing as elves in the CBS promos were puppet versions of CBS stars Jeff Probst from Survivor, Ray Romano and Doris Roberts from Everybody Loves Raymond, William Petersen and Marg Helgenberger from CSI, Charlie Sheen from Two and a Half Men, Phil Simms and Greg Gumbel from The NFL on CBS, and late-night talk show host David Letterman. A new stop-motion animation featuring Rudolph and Santa meeting even more CBS network stars was also aired in 2005.
Mystery Science Theater 3000 made numerous references to the special in their movie hecklings, such as Rudolph's line "I'm cute!! I'm cuute!! She said I'm cuuuuuutte!!!!". In episode 321, which screened Santa Claus Conquers the Martians, the MST3K cast had their own ideas for potential residents on the Island of Misfit Toys including Toaster Dolls, Patrick Swayze's Roadhouse board game, the EZ Bake Foundry, and Mr. Mashed Potato Head.
In 2010, the comedy website CollegeHumor made a short parody video called "Rudolph The Regular Reindeer", depicting what the special would've been like if Rudolph had a normal nose.
Uses in advertising[edit]
In 1964, Rankin & Bass produced several commercials for the General Electric-sponsored broadcast.[12]
In November 2007, the Aflac insurance company released a commercial that featured Rudolph, who has a cold but does not want to miss work. All his friends say he will be unable to pay for his expenses. Santa then tells them about Aflac. Charlie wonders what will happen if Rudolph is not better by Christmas, but Rudolph thinks the Aflac duck can do the work. Rudolph gets better in a week, but Blitzen is sick, so the Aflac duck fills in for him.[25]
In 2009, Verizon began showing a commercial of the Misfit Toys with an AT&T phone. The characters wonder why it is there with all of its features but soon discover why, when the phone shows a map of where it has 3G coverage. (Verizon's ad campaign touts its much wider 3G coverage compared to AT&T's.) The toy airplane replies: "You're gonna fit right in here!" and falls on the ground laughing.[citation needed]
Starting in 2011, there have been several Bing.com commercials, filmed to look like the same stop-motion style as the special, which feature several characters including Rudolph, Yukon Cornelius, Hermey, the Bumble, and the Misfit Toys.[citation needed]
A 2012 commercial for Windows phone features Bumble the Abominable Snowman (with his full set of teeth), speed-dating and getting advice from friends through Live Tiles. A follow-up features Bumble at Santa's North Pole pool party, and Santa using Live Tiles on his new Windows Phone to help him give his elves the holiday-season toy production directives.[citation needed]
A 2013 commercial for Nissan shows a woman in a dealership briefly entering a fantasy, wherein Santa's Elves, including Boss Elf and Hermey, have expanded their manufacturing line to include Nissan cars. Furthermore, the Bumble makes an appearance test driving one to his obvious approval.[citation needed]
CBS celebrated the special's 50th anniversary in 2014 with Rudolph and Sam the Snowman celebrating with cast members from The Big Bang Theory and NCIS while passing by their studio lots.[citation needed]
In 2014, the United States Postal Service used four characters (Rudolph, Hermey, Yukon Cornelius, and Bumble) for the year's "Contemporary Christmas" stamp issue.[2][26]
In 2015, the Rudolph characters began appearing in commercials for AT&T with a stop-motion version of spokes-character Lily Adams.
Other References[edit]
In the sci-fi/comedy series The Orville, in the episode "About a Girl", characters watch Rudolph to make the character Bortus consider his plans to arrange gender reassignment surgery for his newborn daughter (Bortus's species, the Moclans, are a single-gender species who statistically produce only one female every seventy-five years, with females thus having no clear place in their society) by demonstrating how unconventional people can accomplish great things, although Bortus humorously misinterprets the film to suggest that Rudolph's father might have considered euthanizing his child as an anomaly.
Copyright issues[edit]
The copyright of the Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer special lies in an area of uncertainty in regard to American federal copyright law. When the recording was originally published, the date of copyright (published in Roman numerals) was accidentally listed as 1164 (MCLXIV), omitting an M that should have been present (1964 in Roman numerals is MCMLXIV); this mistake was not corrected with subsequent edits and remains on televised prints to this day.[27] The songs were validly and separately copyrighted, and the original character on which the special was based also remains under copyright and trademark protection, extending some indirect copyright protection to the special as a derivative work. (A number of films, such as It's a Wonderful Life and His Girl Friday, fall under similar circumstances: a public domain film loosely based on a copyrighted work.)
Assuming the error in the copyright is considered substantial enough to invalidate it (U.S. copyright law before 1988 required works to have a valid date on a copyright notice, while providing some leeway in regard to non-substantial errors), the error puts large portions of the special not directly tied to the songs or original story into the public domain. (Some of the characters, particularly Santa Claus and the adult reindeer, relied on material that was already public domain anyway; all of the characters except Rudolph, most of the images, and large portions of the spoken soundtrack would thus be public domain in this interpretation.) Because of the indirect copyright protections and uncertainty over their extent, permission is still required to show the program as a whole. The extensive derivative works seen in popular culture are likely a byproduct of this uncertain copyright status.
See also[edit]
List of animated feature films
List of Christmas television specials
List of stop-motion films
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (video game)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer celebrates 50th anniversary". CBS News. December 9, 2014. Archived from the original on December 10, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Rudolph all red-nosed over stamp of approval". United States Postal Service. November 6, 2014. Archived from the original on December 24, 2014. Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer, the nation’s longest-running and highest-rated Christmas television special 'went down in history' to receive its stamp of approval today. The set of four Limited Edition Forever stamps depicting Rudolph, Hermey, Santa and Bumble were created from still television frames from the special which premiered 50 years ago in 1964.
Jump up ^ Young, John (September 14, 2010). "Billie Mae Richards, voice of Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer, dies at 88". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on December 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ Ford, Don (November 19, 2010). "'Rudolph' remembered". My View. Halton, Ontario: InsideHalton.com. Archived from the original on December 3, 2011. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Not My Job". Wait Wait… Don't Tell Me!. NPR. 2007-12-08. Arthur Rankin, Jr.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g 7 Facts About Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (YouTube). ChannelFrederator. December 19, 2017. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ Braithwaite, Dennis, "Canadian voices", The Globe and Mail, December 8, 1964, p. 31.
^ Jump up to: a b c Togneri, Chris (December 12, 2007). ""Zelienople man saves Santa, Rudolph"". triblive.com. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Rudolph & Santa Characters from 'Rudolph, the Red-Nosed Reindeer'". Antiques Roadshow. PBS. May 15, 2006. Archived from the original on December 3, 2011. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
Jump up ^ Goodman, Brenda (2006-12-23). "Rudolph and Santa, as Good as New". The New York Times.
Jump up ^ Chris Welch (December 23, 2015). "'Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer' figurines' new life". CNN. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Original Rankin/Bass Rudolph The Red-Nosed Reindeer GE Commercials (1964) (YouTube). MiserBrosPress. 9 August 2011. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer: Behind The Scenes". Tvparty.com. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Lieberman, David (July 23, 2012). "DreamWorks Animation Agrees To Pay $155M For Classic Media". Deadline.com. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: 50th Anniversary Collector's Edition Blu-ray". Blu-ray.com. August 19, 2014. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ Torreano, Bradley. "Have a Holly Jolly Christmas - Burl Ives". AllMusic. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Ask SAM: 'It's a Wonderful Life' pre-empted by 'Sound of Music Live'". Winston-Salem Journal. 20 December 2013. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
Jump up ^ Steimer, Kristine (December 15, 2010). "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer Review". IGN. Ziff Davis. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer". rottentomatoes.com. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
Jump up ^ "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer 4D Attraction". IMDb.com. 25 November 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "SimEx-Iwerks - Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer coming in 4-D". Simex-iwerks.com. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Raging Rudolph (YouTube). 30 November 2006. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
Jump up ^ The Reinfather. May 7, 2007. Archived from the original (YouTube) on December 17, 2011. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ A Pack of Gifts Now (YouTube). 24 December 2007. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Aflac - Rudolph (YouTube). 11 November 2007. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer". United States Postal Service. November 6, 2014. Archived from the original on December 4, 2014. Art director Greg Breeding designed the stamps. The Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer stamps are being issued as Forever® stamps.
Jump up ^ Heldenfels, Rich (19 December 2013). "Mailbag: 'Rudolph' numerals wrong in opening credits". Akron Beacon-Journal. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special)
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer on IMDb
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer at The Big Cartoon DataBase
Character Arts' official licensee site for Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer licensing
[show]
v
t
e
Rankin/Bass Productions
Television specials
Return to Oz
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
The Edgar Bergen & Charlie McCarthy Show
The Ballad of Smokey the Bear
Cricket on the Hearth
Mouse on the Mayflower
The Little Drummer Boy
Frosty the Snowman
The Mad, Mad, Mad Comedians
Santa Claus Is Comin' To Town
Here Comes Peter Cottontail
The Enchanted World of Danny Kaye: The Emperor's New Clothes
Mad Mad Mad Monsters
Willie Mays and the Say-Hey Kid
Red Baron
That Girl in Wonderland
'Twas the Night Before Christmas
The Year Without a Santa Claus
The First Christmas: The Story of the First Christmas Snow
The First Easter Rabbit
Frosty's Winter Wonderland
Rudolph's Shiny New Year
The Little Drummer Boy, Book II
The Easter Bunny Is Comin' to Town
The Hobbit
Nestor, the Long-Eared Christmas Donkey
The Stingiest Man in Town
Jack Frost
Rudolph and Frosty's Christmas in July
The Return of the King
Pinocchio's Christmas
The Leprechaun's Christmas Gold
The Flight of Dragons
The Coneheads
The Life and Adventures of Santa Claus
The Wind in the Willows
Santa Baby!
Feature films
Willy McBean and his Magic Machine
The Daydreamer
The Wacky World of Mother Goose
Mad Monster Party?
King Kong Escapes
Marco
The Last Dinosaur
The Bermuda Depths
The Bushido Blade
The Ivory Ape
The Last Unicorn
The Sins of Dorian Gray
The King and I
Television series
The New Adventures of Pinocchio
Tales of the Wizard of Oz
The King Kong Show
The Smokey Bear Show
The Tomfoolery Show
The Reluctant Dragon and Mr. Toad Show
The Jackson 5ive Show
The Osmonds
Kid Power
Festival of Family Classics
ThunderCats
SilverHawks
TigerSharks
Karate Kat
The Comic Strip
[show]
v
t
e
Christmas
Christmas Eve
Children's Day
Boxing Day
Nochebuena
Saint Nicholas Day
St. Stephen's Day
Sol Invictus
Yule
In
Christianity
Biblical Magi
Adoration of the Magi
Adoration of the Shepherds
Advent
Angel Gabriel
Annunciation
Annunciation to the shepherds
Baptism of the Lord
Bethlehem
Christingle
Christmastide
Epiphany
Herod the Great
Jesus
Joseph
Mary
Massacre of the Innocents
flight into Egypt
Nativity Fast
Nativity of Jesus
in art
in later culture
Nativity scene
Saint Nicholas
Star of Bethlehem
Twelfth Night
In folklore
Badalisc
La Befana
Belsnickel
Caganer
Christkind
Ded Moroz
Elves
Father Christmas
Grýla
Jack Frost
Joulupukki
Knecht Ruprecht
Korvatunturi
Krampus
Mikulás
Miner's figure
Mrs. Claus
Nisse/Tomte
North Pole
Old Man Winter
Olentzero
Père Fouettard
Père Noël
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
Saint Lucy
Santa's reindeer
Santa's workshop
Sinterklaas
Tió de Nadal
Vertep
Yule Cat
Yule Lads
Zwarte Piet
Gift-bringers
Saint Nicholas
Santa Claus
List of Christmas gift-bringers by country
Traditions
Advent calendar
Advent candle
Advent wreath
Boar's Head Feast
Candle arches
Cards
Carols by Candlelight
Cavalcade of Magi
Crackers
Decorations
Events and celebrations
Feast of the Seven Fishes
Flying Santa
Google Santa Tracker
Hampers
Las Posadas
Letters
Lights
Lord of Misrule
Markets
Meals and feasts
Moravian star
Nine Lessons and Carols
NORAD Tracks Santa
Nutcrackers
dolls
Ornaments
Parades
list
Piñatas
Pyramids
Räuchermann
Seals
Secret Santa
Spanbaum
Stamps
Stockings
Tree
Twelve Days
Wassailing
Windows
Yule Goat
Yule log
By country
Australia and New Zealand
Denmark
Germany
Hawaii
Hungary
Iceland
Indonesia
Ireland
Mexico
Norway
Philippines
Poland
Romania
Russia
Scotland
Serbia
Sweden
Ukraine
Music
Carols
list
Hit singles UK
Hit singles US
Music books
Carols for Choirs
The Oxford Book of Carols
The New Oxford Book of Carols
Piae Cantiones
Other media
Films
Poetry
"Old Santeclaus with Much Delight"
"A Visit from St. Nicholas"
Television
specials
Yule Log
In
modern
society
Advent Conspiracy
Black Friday (partying)
Black Friday (shopping)
Bronner's Christmas Wonderland
Christmas club
Christmas creep
Christmas Day (Trading) Act 2004
Christmas Lectures
Christmas Mountains
Christmas truce
Controversies
Cyber Monday
Economics
Giving Tuesday
El Gordo
Holiday season
In July
In August
Leon Day
NBA games
NFL games
Puritan New England
American Civil War
Post-War United States
Running of the Santas
SantaCon
Santa's Candy Castle
Small Business Saturday
Super Saturday
Virginia O'Hanlon
White Christmas
Winter festivals
WWE Tribute to the Troops
Xmas
Food and
drink
Dinner
Joulupöytä
Julebord
Kūčios
Réveillon
Twelve-dish supper
Smörgåsbord
Wigilia
Sweets
bûche de Noël
Cake
Candy cane
Cookies
Fruitcake
Gingerbread
Kourabiedes
Melomakarono
Mince pie
Pavlova
Pecan pie
Pumpkin pie
Pudding
Rosca de reyes
Szaloncukor
Turrón
Soup
Menudo
Sauce
Cranberry sauce
Beverages
Apple cider
Champurrado
Eggnog
Mulled wine
Smoking Bishop
Ponche crema
Dumpling
Hallaca
Tamale
Meat
Ham
Roast goose
Romeritos
Turkey
Stuffing
Category
Portal
[show]
v
t
e
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
Music
"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
"Run Rudolph Run"
Film and television
adaptations
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (1948 film short)
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (1964 TV special)
Rudolph's Shiny New Year (1976 TV special)
Rudolph and Frosty's Christmas in July (1979 TV film)
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie (1998 film)
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and the Island of Misfit Toys (2001 made-for-video film)
Related
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (video game)
Santa Claus's reindeer
Robert L. May
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rudolph_the_Red-Nosed_Reindeer_(TV_special)&oldid=832993285"
Categories:
1964 films
1964 animated films
1964 in American television
1964 television specials
1960s American television specials
1960s fantasy films
American children's animated fantasy films
American musical fantasy films
Animated television specials
CBS television specials
Christmas television specials
Elves in popular culture
Films scored by Johnny Marks
General Electric sponsorships
NBC television specials
Rankin/Bass Productions television specials
Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
Santa Claus in film
Santa Claus in television
Sentient toys in fiction
Stop-motion animated short films
Hidden categories:
Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL
Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from February 2017
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from November 2015
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikiquote
Languages
Deutsch
Magyar
Norsk
Polski
Edit links
This page was last edited on 29 March 2018, at 02:31.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: th

attrs: colspan class style

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic; background: #CCCCFF; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

value: tr

attrs: href class

attrs: colspan style

values: text-align:center;background: #CCCCFF; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

values:
/wiki/Arthur_Rankin,_Jr.
mw-redirect
Arthur Rankin, Jr.

values:
nofollow
http://www.rankinbass.com/
external text

values: Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (TV special)

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Nesting_dolls
mw-redirect
Nesting dolls

values:
/wiki/Water_pistol
mw-redirect
Water pistol

values: The New Adventures of Pinocchio (TV series)

values: Edit section: Original 1964 NBC broadcast edit

values:
/wiki/NBC_logos#1962%E2%80%931975
mw-redirect
NBC logos

values:
/wiki/GE_College_Bowl
mw-redirect
GE College Bowl

values:
/wiki/Family_Home_Entertainment
mw-redirect
Family Home Entertainment

values: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (soundtrack)

values: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (video game)

values: The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (February 2017)

values: Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch

values:
/wiki/MADtv_(season_1)
mw-redirect
MADtv (season 1)

values:
/wiki/MADtv_(season_2)
mw-redirect
MADtv (season 2)

values:
/wiki/September_11,_2001_attacks
mw-redirect
September 11, 2001 attacks

values:
/wiki/Red_state-blue_state_divide
mw-redirect
Red state-blue state divide

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2015)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Windows_phone
mw-redirect
Windows phone

values:
/wiki/List_of_animated_feature_films
mw-redirect
List of animated feature films

values:
/wiki/List_of_stop-motion_films
mw-redirect
List of stop-motion films

values:
/wiki/National_Public_Radio
mw-redirect
National Public Radio

values:
/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service
mw-redirect
Public Broadcasting Service

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=14778

values:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt6329674/
external text

values:
/wiki/Akron_Beacon-Journal
mw-redirect
Akron Beacon-Journal

values: q:Special:Search/Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (TV special)

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0058536/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.northpoletalent.com

values:
/wiki/Return_to_Oz_(TV_program)
mw-redirect
Return to Oz (TV program)

values:
/wiki/Frosty_the_Snowman_(TV_program)
mw-redirect
Frosty the Snowman (TV program)

values: Twas the Night Before Christmas (1974 TV special)

values: The Life and Adventures of Santa Claus (1985 film)

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
/wiki/St._Stephen%27s_Day
mw-redirect
St. Stephen's Day

values:
/wiki/Old_Man_Winter
mw-redirect
Old Man Winter

values: List of Christmas and winter gift-bringers by country

values: Category:Christmas events and celebrations

values: List of Christmas and holiday season parades

values:
/wiki/Christmas_in_Denmark
mw-redirect
Christmas in Denmark

values: List of Christmas hit singles in the United Kingdom

values: List of popular Christmas singles in the United States

values:
/wiki/Leon_Day_(holiday)
mw-redirect
Leon Day (holiday)

values: National Basketball Association Christmas games

values: National Football League Christmas games

values: List of multinational festivals and holidays

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (1948 film)

values: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer: The Movie

values: Category:1960s American television specials

values: Category:American children's animated fantasy films

values: Category:Rankin/Bass Productions television specials

values: Category:Stop-motion animated short films

values: Category:Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL

values: Category:Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from February 2017

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from November 2015

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: Rudolph mit der roten Nase (1964) – German

values: Rudolf, a rénszarvas (film, 1964) – Hungarian

values: Rudolph, the Red-Nosed Reindeer (film 1964) – Polish

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Rudolph_the_Red-Nosed_Reindeer_TV_special rootpage-Rudolph_the_Red-Nosed_Reindeer_TV_special skin-vector action-view


text:
Colloids and Surfaces A
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Colloids and Surfaces A
Former names
Colloids and Surfaces
ISO 4 abbreviation
Colloids Surf. A
Discipline
Colloid and interface science
Language
English
Edited by
M. Adler, F. Grieser, J.B. Li, D. Prieve
Publication details
Publisher
Elsevier
Publication history
1993–present
Frequency
biweekly
Impact factor
(2016)
2.714
Indexing
ISSN
0927-7757
Links
Journal homepage
Online access
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing research on the science related to applications of colloids and interfacial phenomena. The journal has been published since 1980 as Colloids and Surfaces and subsequently split in 1993 into Colloids and Surfaces A and Colloids and Surfaces B.[1] The journal is published biweekly by Elsevier and jointly edited by M. Adler, F. Grieser, J.B. Li and D. Prieve[2]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Publisher's Note". Colloids Surf. A. Elsevier. 70 (1): v. 1993. doi:10.1016/0927-7757(93)80490-6. Retrieved 7 July 2013.
Jump up ^ "Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects Editorial Board". Elsevier. Retrieved 7 July 2013.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Colloids_and_Surfaces_A&oldid=815595625"
Categories:
Chemistry journals
Materials science journals
English-language journals
Elsevier academic journals
Biweekly journals
Hidden categories:
Pages using deprecated image syntax
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Nederlands
Edit links
This page was last edited on 15 December 2017, at 20:36.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

value: i

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: span

attrs: class title

value: caption

value: img

attrs: alt src width height data-file-width data-file-height

value: td

attrs: href title

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0927-7757

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: Category:Pages using deprecated image syntax

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Colloids_and_Surfaces_A
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Colloids_and_Surfaces_A rootpage-Colloids_and_Surfaces_A skin-vector action-view


text:
Helen McCrory
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Helen McCrory
OBE
McCrory in 2016
Born
Helen Elizabeth McCrory
(1968-08-17) 17 August 1968 (age 49)
Paddington, London, England
Occupation
Actress
Years active
1990–present
Spouse(s)
Damian Lewis (m. 2007)
Children
2
Helen Elizabeth McCrory, OBE (born 17 August 1968)[1][2] is an English actress.
McCrory portrayed Cherie Blair in both The Queen (2006) and The Special Relationship (2010). She also portrayed Francoise in the film Charlotte Gray (2001), Narcissa Malfoy in the final three Harry Potter films, Mama Jeanne in Martin Scorsese's family film Hugo (2011), Clair Dowar in the James Bond film Skyfall (2012), Polly Gray in Peaky Blinders (2013–present), and Emma Banville in Fearless (2017).
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Personal life
4 Filmography
4.1 Film
4.2 Television
5 Stage
6 Awards and nominations
7 References
8 External links
Early life[edit]
McCrory was born in Paddington, London. Her mother, Anne (née Morgans), is Welsh, and her father, Iain McCrory, is a diplomat from Glasgow, Scotland.[3] She is the eldest of three children. She was educated at Queenswood, a Hertfordshire boarding school, after which she spent a year living in Italy. Upon her return to Britain, she began studying acting at the Drama Centre in London.
Career[edit]
McCrory won Third Prize at the Ian Charleson Awards for her 1993 performance as Rose Trelawny in Trelawny of the 'Wells' at the National Theatre.[4] In 2002 she was nominated for a London Evening Standard Theatre Award for Best Actress (for playing Elena in Chekhov's Uncle Vanya at the Donmar Warehouse).[citation needed] She was later nominated for a 2006 Laurence Olivier Theatre Award for her role as Rosalind in As You Like It in London's West End.[citation needed] In April 2008, she made a "compelling" Rebecca West in a production of Ibsen's Rosmersholm at the Almeida Theatre, London.[5]
She appeared in Charles II: The Power and The Passion (2003), as Barbara Villiers, Countess of Castlemaine, and in supporting roles in such films as Interview with the Vampire (1994), Charlotte Gray (2001), The Count of Monte Cristo (2002), and Casanova (2005). In The Queen (2006) she played Cherie Blair, a role she reprised in Peter Morgan's follow-up The Special Relationship.
She appeared in a modernised TV adaptation of Frankenstein's Monster, simply called Frankenstein. Her first pregnancy forced her to pull out of Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (2007), in which she had been cast as Bellatrix Lestrange (she was replaced by Helena Bonham Carter). McCrory was later cast as Bellatrix's sister Narcissa Malfoy in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, released in July 2009.[6][7] McCrory reprised her role in the final films, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2; McCrory's performance was well received by fans of the books. She also played the principal villain role of Rosanna Calvierri in the episode "The Vampires of Venice" of the BBC television series Doctor Who.
McCrory starred in The Last of the Haussmans at the Royal National Theatre, which began 12 June 2012. The production was broadcast to cinemas around the world on 11 October 2012 through the National Theatre Live programme.[8]
In 2013, McCrory narrated poetry for The Love Book App, an interactive anthology of love literature developed by Allie Byrne Esiri.[9] Again, in 2013 McCrory played 'Lady Macbeth' at the Little Angel Theatre. She plays Polly Gray in 'Peaky Blinders'
In 2014, McCrory played the title role in the National Theatre's production of Medea, directed by Carrie Cracknell. Also in 2014, McCrory made a guest appearance on the TV series Penny Dreadful. She returned as a regular for the show's second season, playing the main antagonist.
In August 2016, McCrory was confirmed to play Emma Banville in ITV drama series Fearless, which began airing in June 2017.[10]
Personal life[edit]
On 4 July 2007, McCrory married actor Damian Lewis. They have a daughter, Manon (b. 8 September 2006), and a son, Gulliver (b. 2 November 2007).[11] They live in London. She is an honorary patron of the London children's charity Scene & Heard.[12]
McCrory was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2017 New Year Honours for services to drama.[13]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1994 Interview with the Vampire 2nd Whore
Uncovered Lola
1997 The James Gang Bernadette James
1998 Dad Savage Chris
2000 Hotel Splendide Lorna Bull
2001 Charlotte Gray Francoise
2002 Count of Monte Cristo, TheThe Count of Monte Cristo Valentina Villefort
Deep Down Dana Short film
2003 Does God Play Football Sarah Ward Short film
2004 Enduring Love Mrs. Logan
2005 Casanova Casanova's Mother
2006 Normal for Norfolk Clare Short film
Queen, TheThe Queen Cherie Blair
2007 Becoming Jane Mrs. Radcliffe
2008 Flashbacks of a Fool Peggy Tickell
2009 Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince Narcissa Malfoy
Fantastic Mr. Fox Mrs. Bean (voice)
2010 4.3.2.1. Mrs. Jones
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 Narcissa Malfoy
2011 Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2
Hugo Mama Jeanne (Jehanne D'Alcy)
2012 Flying Blind Dr. Frankie Lethbridge
Skyfall Clair Dowar MP
The Cable Club (Soho) Stella Short film
2014 A Little Chaos Madame Françoise Le Nôtre
2015 The Woman in Black: Angel of Death Jean Hogg
Bill Queen Elizabeth I
2016 Their Finest Sophie Smith
2017 Loving Vincent Louise Chevalier
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1993 Full Stretch Vicki Goodall Episode: "Risky Business"
Performance Jean Rice Episode: "The Entertainer"
1995 Screen Two Jo Episode: "Streetlife"
Dirty Old Town Claire
1996 The Fragile Heart Nicola Pascoe 3 episodes
Witness Against Hitler Freya von Moltke
1997 Trial & Retribution Anita Harris 2 episodes
1998 Spoonface Steinberg Mother
Stand and Deliver Christina
1999 Split Second Angie Anderson
2000 Anna Karenina Anna Karenina 4 episodes
North Square Rose Fitzgerald 10 episodes
2001 In a Land of Plenty Mary Freeman 3 episodes
2002 Jury, TheThe Jury Rose Davies 6 episodes
Dickens Kate Dickens 3 episodes
Dead Gorgeous Antonia Ashton
2003 Lucky Jim Margaret Peel
Carla Carla French
Charles II: The Power and The Passion Lady Castlemaine (Barbara Villiers)
2004 Sherlock Holmes and the Case of the Silk Stocking Jenny Vandeleur
2005 Messiah 4 : The Harrowing Dr. Rachel Price
2007 Frankenstein Dr. Victoria Frankenstein
2009 Life Amanda Puryer 5 episodes
2010 Doctor Who Rosanna Calvierri Episode:"The Vampires of Venice"
Special Relationship, TheThe Special Relationship Cherie Blair
2011 Phineas and Ferb Lucy Fletcher Episode: "My Fair Goalie"
2012 We'll Take Manhattan Lady Clare Rendlesham
Leaving Julie Ranmore 3 episodes
2013–present Peaky Blinders Aunt Polly / Polly Gray 19 episodes
2014 Inside No. 9 Tabitha Episode: "The Harrowing"
Tommy Cooper: Not Like That, Like This Mary Kay
2014–2015 Penny Dreadful Evelyn Poole (Madame Kali) 12 episodes
2017 Fearless Emma Banville 6 episodes
Stage[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Venue(s)
1990 The Importance of Being Earnest Gwendolen Fairfax
Teechers Gail Saunders
Macbeth Witch
1991 Pride and Prejudice Lydia Bennet
Blood Wedding The Bride
1992 Fuente Ovejuna Jacinta
Don't Fool With Love Camille
1993 Trelawny of the 'Wells' Rose Trelawny
1994 Venice Preserved Belvidera
The Seagull Nina Mikhailovna Zarechnaya
1994–1995 The Devil's Disciple Judith Anderson
1995 Keely And Du Keely
Macbeth Lady Macbeth
1995–1996 Les Enfants Du Paradis Claire "Garance" Reine
1998 In a Little World of Our Own Deborah
How I Learned to Drive Li'I Bit
1999 The Triumph of Love Princess Leonide (alias Phocion)
2000–2001 Platonov Anna Petrovna
2002 Uncle Vanya Helena Andreyevna Serebryakova (Yelena)
Twelfth Night Olivia
2003–2004 Five Gold Rings Miranda
2004 Old Times Anna
2006 As You Like It Rosalind
Orson's Shadow Vivien Leigh
A Tribute to Look Back in Anger Helena Charles
2008 Rosmersholm Rebecca West
2010–2012 The Late Middle Classes Celia Smithers
2012 The Last of the Haussmans Libby Haussmans
2013 Macbeth at the Little Angel Theatre Lady Macbeth (voice)
2014 Medea Medea
2016 The Deep Blue Sea[14] Hester Collyer
Awards and nominations[edit]
This section of a biography of a living person does not include any references or sources. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately.
Find sources: "Helen McCrory" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Year
Title
Award
Category
Result
1991 Blood Wedding Manchester Evening News Theatre Awards Best Actress Won
1993 Trelawny of the 'Wells' Ian Charleson Award Best Actress 3rd place
1995 Macbeth Shakespeare Globe Awards Richard Burton Award For Most Promising Newcomer Won
Streetlife Monte-Carlo Television Festival Best Actress Won
Royal Television Society Best Actress Won
1997 BAFTA Cymru Best Actress Won
The Fragile Heart London Film Critics' Circle Actress of the Year Nominated
2001 North Square London Film Critics' Circle Best Actress Won
Broadcasting Press Guild Awards Best Actress Won
2002 Uncle Vanya Evening Standard Theatre Awards Best Actress Nominated
2003 Drama Desk Awards Outstanding Featured Actress in a Play Nominated
WhatsOnStage Awards Best Actress in a Play Nominated
2004 Charles II: The Power and The Passion Satellite Awards Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film Nominated
2005 L.A. Television Awards Best Actress Nominated
2006 As You Like It WhatsOnStage Awards Best Actress in a Play Nominated
Laurence Olivier Award Best Actress Nominated
2007 Queen, TheThe Queen London Film Critics' Circle Supporting Actress of the Year Nominated
2008 Rosmersholm Evening Standard Theatre Awards Best Actress (longlisted] Nominated
2011 The Late Middle Classes WhatsOnStage Awards Best Actress in a Play Nominated
2012 Royal Television Society Best Actress Nominated
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows–Part 2 Gold Derby Awards Ensemble Cast Nominated
The Last of the Haussmans Evening Standard Theatre Awards Best Actress Nominated
2013 Glamour Awards Theatre Actress of the Year Won
WhatsOnStage Awards Best Supporting Actress in a Play Nominated
Laurence Olivier Award Best Actress in a Supporting Role Nominated
2014 Peaky Blinders Biarritz International Festival of Audiovisual Programming TV Series and Serials: Actress Won
Crime Thriller Awards Best Supporting Actress Nominated
Medea Evening Standard Theatre Awards Best Actress Nominated
2015 Critics' Circle Theatre Award Best Actress Won
Penny Dreadful season 2 Satellite Awards Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film Nominated
2016 Critics' Choice Television Award Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Series Nominated
The Deep Blue Sea Evening Standard Theatre Awards Best Actress Nominated
WhatsOnStage Awards Best Actress in a Play Nominated
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Births, Marriages & Deaths Index of England & Wales, 1916–2005.; at ancestry.com
Jump up ^ "Mrs Damian Lewis, professionally known as Ms Helen McCrory Authorised Biography – Debrett's People of Today, Mrs Damian Lewis, professionally known as Ms Helen McCrory Profile". Debretts.com. 17 August 1968. Archived from the original on 27 June 2012. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
Jump up ^ Lee, The. "Helen McCrory profile". thescotsman.com. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
Jump up ^ Fowler, Rebecca. "Triumphant first acts". Sunday Times. 13 March 1994.
Jump up ^ Spencer, Charles (27 May 2008). "Rosmersholm: passions lost in the gloom". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
Jump up ^ Adler, Shawn (12 November 2007). 'Harry Potter' Cast Grows: Helen McCrory Joins 'Half-Blood Prince'. MTV. Retrieved 2 April 2008.
Jump up ^ "EXCLUSIVE: Narcissa cast in Potter 6". Newsround. 9 November 2007. Retrieved 9 November 2007.
Jump up ^ "The Last of the Haussmans" Archived 5 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine. at National Theatre web site
Jump up ^ "The Love Book App, poetry read by great actors". Iliterature.net. Retrieved 2017-07-24.
Jump up ^ "ITV commissions six part drama series Fearless". ITV Press Centre. ITV. 16 August 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
Jump up ^ "''The Mirror'' article". Mirror.co.uk. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
Jump up ^ "Who We Are". Scene & Heard. Archived from the original on 10 February 2009. Retrieved 13 May 2011.
Jump up ^ "No. 61803". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 December 2016. p. N13.
Jump up ^ Billington, Michael (9 June 2016). "The Deep Blue Sea review – Helen McCrory blazes in passionate revival". The Guardian.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Helen McCrory.
Helen McCrory on IMDb
Helen McCrory at AllMovie
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 231456869
LCCN: no2001032875
GND: 1060858630
SUDOC: 185337031
BNF: cb14022628n (data)
BIBSYS: 7020590
IATH: w6cz49c2
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Helen_McCrory&oldid=808399795"
Categories:
1968 births
Alumni of the Drama Centre London
British film actresses
English film actresses
English stage actresses
English television actresses
English voice actresses
English people of Scottish descent
English people of Welsh descent
Living people
People educated at Queenswood School
Actresses from London
Royal Shakespeare Company members
English Shakespearean actresses
20th-century English actresses
21st-century English actresses
People from Paddington
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Hidden categories:
Webarchive template wayback links
Pages containing London Gazette template with parameter supp set to y
EngvarB from November 2013
Use dmy dates from November 2013
Articles with hCards
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from March 2011
BLP articles lacking sources from September 2017
All BLP articles lacking sources
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers
Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Български
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Español
فارسی
Français
한국어
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Polski
Português
Русский
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
Türkçe
Edit links
This page was last edited on 2 November 2017, at 17:00.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href class title

values: Officer of the Order of the British Empire

attrs: class style

values:
honorific-suffix
font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Paddington,_London
mw-redirect
Paddington, London

values:
/wiki/Narcissa_Malfoy
mw-redirect
Narcissa Malfoy

values:
/wiki/Jeanne_d%27Alcy
mw-redirect
Jeanne d'Alcy

values:
/wiki/Family_film
mw-redirect
Family film

values:
/wiki/Evening_Standard
mw-redirect
Evening Standard

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2011)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Laurence_Olivier_Theatre_Award
mw-redirect
Laurence Olivier Theatre Award

values:
/wiki/Barbara_Villiers
mw-redirect
Barbara Villiers

values:
/wiki/Frankenstein%27s_Monster
mw-redirect
Frankenstein's Monster

values: Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)

values:
/wiki/Bellatrix_Lestrange
mw-redirect
Bellatrix Lestrange

values: Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film)

values: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1

values: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2

values:
/wiki/Allie_Byrne_Esiri
mw-redirect
Allie Byrne Esiri

values:
/wiki/Fearless_(UK_TV_series)
mw-redirect
Fearless (UK TV series)

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
/wiki/Fantastic_Mr._Fox
mw-redirect
Fantastic Mr. Fox

values: Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland

values:
/wiki/Life_(NBC_TV_series)
mw-redirect
Life (NBC TV series)

values:
/wiki/Lydia_Bennet
mw-redirect
Lydia Bennet

values:
/wiki/Don%27t_Fool_With_Love
mw-redirect
Don't Fool With Love

values:
/wiki/Les_Enfants_du_paradis
mw-redirect
Les Enfants du paradis

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_unsourced

values: background: #99FF99; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;

values:
/wiki/Ian_Charleson_Award
mw-redirect
Ian Charleson Award

values: background:#c5d2ea; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;

values: London Film Critics' Circle Award for Actress of the Year

values: background: #FDD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;

values:
/wiki/Broadcasting_Press_Guild_Awards
mw-redirect
Broadcasting Press Guild Awards

values:
/wiki/Drama_Desk_Awards
mw-redirect
Drama Desk Awards

values: WhatsOnStage Award for Best Actress in a Play

values: Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film

values: London Film Critics' Circle Award for Supporting Actress of the Year

values: Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role

values: Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Series

values:
/wiki/Sunday_Times
mw-redirect
Sunday Times

values:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0567031/
external text

attrs: alt src width height style srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.allmovie.com/artist/p196970

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/231456869

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/1060858630

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.idref.fr/185337031

values: Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities

values: Category:Alumni of the Drama Centre London

values: Category:English people of Scottish descent

values: Category:English people of Welsh descent

values: Category:People educated at Queenswood School

values: Category:Royal Shakespeare Company members

values: Category:Officers of the Order of the British Empire

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Category:Pages containing London Gazette template with parameter supp set to y

values: Category:Use dmy dates from November 2013

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2011

values: Category:BLP articles lacking sources from September 2017

values: Category:All BLP articles lacking sources

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Helen_McCrory
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: هيلين ماكروري – Arabic

values: Хелън Маккрори – Bulgarian

values: هلن مک‌کروری – Persian

values: 헬렌 매크로리 – Korean

values: הלן מקרורי – Hebrew

values: ヘレン・マックロリー – Japanese

values: Маккрори, Хелен – Russian

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle

values: Хелен Макрори – Serbian

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Helen_McCrory rootpage-Helen_McCrory vector-experimental-print-styles vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view