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1958 FIFA World Cup
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1958 FIFA World Cup
Världsmästerskapet i Fotboll
Sverige 1958
1958 FIFA World Cup official logo
Tournament details
Host country
Sweden
Dates
8–29 June (22 days)
Teams
16 (from 3 confederations)
Venue(s)
12 (in 12 host cities)
Final positions
Champions
Brazil (1st title)
Runners-up
Sweden
Third place
France
Fourth place
West Germany
Tournament statistics
Matches played
35
Goals scored
126 (3.6 per match)
Attendance
819,810 (23,423 per match)
Top scorer(s)
Just Fontaine (13 goals)
Best player
Didi[1]
Best young player
Pelé
← 1954
1962 →
The 1958 FIFA World Cup, the sixth staging of the World Cup, was hosted by Sweden from 8 to 29 June. The tournament was won by Brazil, who beat Sweden 5–2 in the final in the Stockholm suburb of Solna for their first title. The tournament is also notable for marking the debut on the world stage of a then 17-year-old Pelé.
Contents
1 Host selection
2 Qualification
2.1 List of qualified teams
3 Format
4 Summary
4.1 Final
5 Venues
6 Match officials
7 Seeding
8 Squads
9 Group stage
9.1 Group 1
9.1.1 Play-off
9.2 Group 2
9.3 Group 3
9.3.1 Play-off
9.4 Group 4
9.4.1 Play-off
10 Knockout stage
10.1 Bracket
10.2 Quarter-finals
10.3 Semi-finals
10.4 Third place play-off
10.5 Final
11 Goalscorers
12 FIFA retrospective ranking
13 See also
14 References
15 External links
Host selection[edit]
Main article: FIFA World Cup hosts
Argentina, Chile, Mexico, and Sweden expressed interest in hosting the tournament.[2] Swedish delegates lobbied other countries at the FIFA Congress held in Rio de Janeiro around the opening of the 1950 World Cup finals.[2] Sweden was awarded the 1958 tournament unopposed on 23 June 1950.[3]
Qualification[edit]
Main article: 1958 FIFA World Cup qualification
The hosts (Sweden) and the defending champions (West Germany) qualified automatically. Of the remaining 14 places, nine were allocated to Europe, three to South America, one to North/Central America, and one to Asia/Africa.
Aside from the main European zone matches, Wales, which finished second in its group behind Czechoslovakia, was drawn into a play-off with Israel after Israel won its group by default because its three opponents, Turkey, Indonesia and Sudan, refused to play. FIFA had imposed a rule that no team would qualify without playing at least one match, something that had happened in several previous World Cups. Wales won the play-off and qualified for the first, and so far only, time. With Northern Ireland making its debut, and England and Scotland also qualifying, this World Cup was the only one to feature all four of the United Kingdom's Home Nations.
This World Cup also saw the entry and qualification of the Soviet Union for the first time, while Argentina appeared for the first time since 1934. Until 2018, this FIFA World Cup was the only one for which Italy failed to qualify (Italy did not take part in the 1930 tournament but there was no qualification for that competition). Other teams that failed to qualify included two time champions and 1954 semifinalists Uruguay, as well as the Spain and Belgium national teams.
On 8 February 1958, in Solna, Lennart Hyland and Sven Jerring presented the results of the draw where the qualified teams were divided into four groups. Seeding was geographical rather than by team strength, with each group containing one western European team, one eastern European team, one of the four British teams that had qualified, and one from the Americas.[4]
List of qualified teams[edit]
The following 16 teams qualified for the final tournament.
AFC (0)
None qualified
CAF (0)
None qualified
NAFC (1)
Mexico
CCCF (0)
None qualified
CONMEBOL (3)
Argentina
Brazil
Paraguay
UEFA (12)
Austria
Czechoslovakia
England
France
Hungary
Northern Ireland
Scotland
Soviet Union
Sweden (hosts)
Wales
West Germany (title holders)
Yugoslavia
Qualifying countries and their results
Format[edit]
The format of the competition changed from 1954: 16 teams still competed in four groups of four, but this time each team played each of the other teams in its group at least once, without extra time in the event of a draw. Two points were awarded for a win and one point for a draw. If the first two teams finished on equal points then goal average would decide who was placed first and second. As in 1954, if the second and third placed teams finished on the same points, then there would be a play-off with the winner going through. If a play-off resulted in a draw, goal average from the group games would be used to determine who went through to the next round. If the goal averages were equal then lots would have been drawn. These arrangements had not been finalised by the time the tournament started and were still being debated as it progressed. Some teams complained that a play-off match, meaning three games in five days, was too much, and before the second round of group matches FIFA informed the teams that goal average would be used before resorting to a play-off.[5] This was overturned when the Swedish Football Association complained, ostensibly that it was wrong to change the rules mid-tournament, but also because it wanted the extra revenue from playoff matches.[5]
This was the first time that goal average was available to separate teams in a World Cup. It was used to separate the teams finishing first and second in one of the groups. However, all three playoffs finished with decisive results and so it was not needed to separate the teams involved in a tied playoff.
Almost all the matches kicked off simultaneously in each of the three rounds of the group phase, as did the quarter-finals and semi-finals. The exceptions were Sweden's three group matches, all of which were televised by Sveriges Radio; these started at other times so Swedes could attend other matches without missing their own team's. Apart from these, one match per round was televised, and relayed across Europe by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Many Swedes bought their first television for the World Cup.
The official ball was the "Top-Star VMbollen 1958" model made by Sydsvenska Läder & Remfabriks AB (aka "Remmen" or "Sydläder") in Ängelholm. It was chosen from 102 candidates in a blind test by four FIFA officials.[6][7]
Summary[edit]
Official 1958 FIFA World Cup poster.
In Group 4, Pelé did not play until the last of Brazil's group games, against the Soviet Union. He failed to score, but Brazil won the game 2–0 (much thanks to an impressive exhibition of dribbling prowess by his partner Garrincha) and the group by two points. Previously, they had drawn 0–0 with England in what was the first ever goalless game in World Cup history. Eventually, the Soviet Union and England went to a playoff game, in which Anatoli Ilyin scored in the 67th minute to knock England out, while Austria had already been eliminated. The English side had been weakened by the Munich air disaster earlier in the year, which killed three internationals on the books of Manchester United, including England's young star Duncan Edwards.
Playoffs were also needed in Group 1 (Northern Ireland beat Czechoslovakia to join the defending champions West Germany in the quarter-finals) and Group 3 (Wales topped Hungary to advance with hosts Sweden). Hungary had become a spent force after their appearance in the final of the previous tournament. They had lost their best players two years before, when they fled in the wake of the failed uprising against the communist regime. In a rather restrictive sense, from the 1954 team, only goalkeeper Gyula Grosics, defender Jozsef Bozsik and forward Nándor Hidegkuti remained.
In Group 2, Scotland faced Yugoslavia, Paraguay, and France. France topped the group, with Just Fontaine netting six goals. Yugoslavia finished second, while Scotland came in last.
The quarter-finals saw France's Just Fontaine continue in similar form as in the group stage, managing another two goals as France triumphed over Northern Ireland. West Germany's Helmut Rahn put them into the semi-finals with a single goal against Yugoslavia, while Sweden went through at the expense of USSR. The other game in the quarter-finals saw Pelé score the only goal against Wales.
In the semi-finals, Sweden continued their strong run as they defeated West Germany 3–1 in a vicious game that saw the German player Erich Juskowiak sent off (the first ever German player to be sent off in an international game) and German veteran forward Fritz Walter injured, which further weakened the German team (substitutes were first allowed in the 1970 FIFA World Cup).
In the other semi-final, Brazil and France were tied 1-1 for much of the first half. However, 36 minutes into the game French captain and most experienced defender Robert Jonquet suffered broken leg in a clash with Vavá, and France was down to ten men for the rest of the game (substitutions were not allowed back then). Brazil dominated the rest of the match, as a Pelé hat-trick gave them a 5–2 victory. Fontaine of France added one goal to his impressive tally.
The third place match saw Fontaine score four more goals as France defeated West Germany 6–3. This brought his total to 13 goals in one competition, a record that still stands.
Final[edit]
The final was played in Solna, in the Råsunda Stadium; 50,000 people watched as the Brazilians went a goal down after four minutes. However Vavá equalised shortly afterwards and then put them a goal ahead before half time. In the second half Pelé outshone everyone, notching up two goals, including the first one where he lobbed the ball over Bengt Gustavsson then followed it with a precise volley shot. Zagallo added a goal in between, and Sweden managed a consolation goal.
The Final saw many records made in World Cup history that still stand as of 2014. At age 17, Pelé simultaneously became the youngest player to participate in, score, and win a World Cup Final. Conversely, Nils Liedholm became the oldest player to score in a World Cup Final at 35 years, 263 Days. This final had the highest number of goals scored by a winning team (5), the highest number of total goals scored (7), and together with the 1970 and 1998 finals shares the highest goal margin of difference (3); Brazil played in all those three finals.
The game is also notable for many firsts in FIFA World Cup. With the exception of the 1950 FIFA World Cup final group stage, this marked the first time that a World Cup host reached the final without winning it. Additionally, the match marked the first time two nations from different continents (Europe and South America) met in a World Cup final. It also marks the first and only World Cup hosted in Europe not won by a European team; a feat mirrored in 2014 where a World Cup hosted in the Americas was not won by a team from the Americas for the first time, with Germany beating Argentina 1-0 at the final.
Venues[edit]
A total of twelve cities throughout the central and southern parts of Sweden hosted the tournament. FIFA regulations required at least six stadiums to have a capacity of at least 20,000.[8] If Denmark had qualified, the organisers had planned to use the Idrætsparken in Copenhagen for Denmark's group matches.[8] The Idrætsparken was renovated in 1956 with this in mind, but Denmark lost out to England in qualification.[8] When doubts arose about whether funding would be forthcoming for rebuilding the Ullevi and Malmö Stadion, the organisers considered stadiums in Copenhagen and Oslo as contingency measures.[9]
The Rasunda Stadium was expanded from 38,000 for the World Cup by building end stands.[10] Organising committee chairman Holger Bergérus mortgaged his house to pay for this.[10] The new Malmö Stadion was built for the World Cup, replacing the 1896 Malmö Stadion at a new site[11] The Idrottsparken had 4,709 seats added for the World Cup. The Social Democratic municipal government refused to pay for this until the organisers threatened to select Folkungavallen in Linköping instead.[12] At the Rimnersvallen, a stand from the smaller Oddevallen stadium was moved to Rimnersvallen for the World Cup. The crowd at Brazil v. Austria was estimated at 21,000, with more looking in from the adjoining hillside.[10] The most used stadium was the Rasunda Stadium in Stockholm, which hosted 8 matches including the final, followed by the Ullevi Stadium in Gothenburg (the biggest stadium used during the tournament), which hosted 7 matches.
Gothenburg
Solna (Stockholm)
Borås
Eskilstuna
Gothenburg
Halmstad
Helsingborg
Malmö
Norrköping
Örebro
Sandviken
Solna
Uddevalla
Västerås
Ullevi Stadium Råsunda Stadium
Capacity: 53,500 Capacity: 52,400
Malmö
Helsingborg
Malmö Stadion Olympia
Capacity: 30,000 Capacity: 27,000
Eskilstuna
Norrköping
Sandviken
Uddevalla
Tunavallen Idrottsparken Jernvallen Rimnersvallen
Capacity: 20,000 Capacity: 20,000 Capacity: 20,000 Capacity: 17,778
Borås
Halmstad
Örebro
Västerås
Ryavallen Örjans Vall Eyravallen Arosvallen
Capacity: 15,000 Capacity: 15,000 Capacity: 13,000 Capacity: 10,000
Match officials[edit]
22 match officials were assigned to the tournament to serve as referees and assistant referees.
Europe
Fritz Seipelt
Lucien van Nuffel
Martin Macko
Carl Jørgensen
Arthur Ellis
Reginald Leafe
Arne Eriksson
Maurice Guigue
István Zsolt
Vincenzo Orlandini
Jan Bronkhorst
Joaquim Campos
Jack Mowat
Juan Gardeazábal Garay
Sten Ahlner
Raymond Wyssling
Nikolai Latyshev
Mervyn Griffiths
Albert Dusch
Leo Lemešić

South America
Juan Brozzi
José María Codesal
Seeding[edit]
Western European Pot
Eastern European Pot
British Pot
Americas Pot
Sweden
West Germany
Austria
France
Czechoslovakia
Hungary
Soviet Union
Yugoslavia
England
Northern Ireland
Scotland
Wales
Argentina
Brazil
Mexico
Paraguay
The geographical basis of the seeding attracted criticism, especially from Austria, who were drawn against the teams considered strongest in each of the other three pots.[13]
Squads[edit]
For a list of all squads that appeared in the final tournament, see 1958 FIFA World Cup squads.
The team of the tournament voted by journalists was as follows:[14]
Goalkeeper: Harry Gregg
Defenders: Djalma Santos, Hilderaldo Bellini, Nílton Santos
Midfielders: Yuriy Voynov, Horst Szymaniak
Forwards: Garrincha, Didi, Raymond Kopa, Pelé, Lennart Skoglund
Although Just Fontaine got more votes than any other forward, they were split between the left and right inside forward positions.[14]
Group stage[edit]
Group 1[edit]
Main article: 1958 FIFA World Cup Group 1
The West Germans, surprise world champions four years before, were still very strong, and fielded an exciting young forward in Uwe Seeler. But this time the Germans had to contend with a real powerhouse in Argentina's team, competing for the first time since 1934. In fact, some experts[who?] thought Argentina had a very realistic chance of reaching the semi finals or even winning the World Cup this time.
Czechoslovakia was a fairly strong team with a rich football tradition, and was considered to be no walk-over for the West Germans or the Argentinians, but nobody expected much from tiny newcomers Northern Ireland. But the Northern Irish had already shown that they could be a danger to anyone, by knocking out double world champions Italy in the qualifying tournament for the World Cup.
In the end, the Northern Irish did pull off one of the biggest upsets in World Cup Finals history by qualifying for the quarter-finals, beating Czechoslovakia in a play-off. Finishing last in the group with a −5 goal differential was a horrible blow for Argentina, and on the way home the Argentinian team met the wrath of several thousand angry football fans at Ezeiza Airport in Buenos Aires.[15]
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GAv
Pts
West Germany 3 1 2 0 7 5 1.40 4
Northern Ireland 3 1 1 1 4 5 0.80 3
Czechoslovakia 3 1 1 1 8 4 2.00 3
Argentina 3 1 0 2 5 10 0.50 2
Northern Ireland finished ahead of Czechoslovakia by winning a play-off
8 June 195819:00 (CET)
Argentina
1–3
West Germany
Corbatta 3' Report Rahn 32', 79'
Seeler 42'
Malmö Stadion, Malmö
Attendance: 31,156
Referee: Reginald Leafe (England)
8 June 195819:00 (CET)
Northern Ireland
1–0
Czechoslovakia
Cush 21' Report
Örjans Vall, Halmstad
Attendance: 10,647
Referee: Fritz Seipelt (Austria)
11 June 195819:00 (CET)
West Germany
2–2
Czechoslovakia
Schäfer 60'
Rahn 71' Report Dvořák 24' (pen.)
Zikán 42'
Olympiastadion, Helsingborg
Attendance: 25,000
Referee: Arthur Edward Ellis (England)
11 June 195819:00 (CET)
Argentina
3–1
Northern Ireland
Corbatta 37' (pen.)
Menéndez 56'
Avio 60' Report McParland 4'
Örjans Vall, Halmstad
Attendance: 14,174
Referee: Sten Ahlner (Sweden)
15 June 195819:00 (CET)
West Germany
2–2
Northern Ireland
Rahn 20'
Seeler 78' Report McParland 18', 60'
Malmö Stadion, Malmö
Attendance: 21,990
Referee: Joaquim Campos (Portugal)
15 June 195819:00 (CET)
Czechoslovakia
6–1
Argentina
Dvořák 8'
Zikán 17', 39'
Feureisl 68'
Hovorka 81', 89' Report Corbatta 64' (pen.)
Olympiastadion, Helsingborg
Attendance: 16,418
Referee: Arthur Edward Ellis (England)
Play-off[edit]
17 June 195819:00 (CET)
Northern Ireland
2–1 (a.e.t.)
Czechoslovakia
McParland 44', 97' Report Zikán 18'
Malmö Stadion, Malmö
Attendance: 6,196
Referee: Maurice Guigue (France)
Group 2[edit]
Main article: 1958 FIFA World Cup Group 2
The second group saw the largest number of goals scored in a single group in the 1958 World Cup with 31 goals in total (~5.16 goals per game). Just Fontaine of France scored 6 of his 13 goals in the tournament, making him the tournament's top scorer going into the quarter-finals.
None of the teams in this group had been particularly successful at previous World Cups. France, despite having hosted the 1938 event, had not achieved any real World Cup success, Yugoslavia had not been able to replicate their semi-final success of 1930 and Paraguay and Scotland were considered underdogs during the tournament.
France won the group ahead of Yugoslavia and would go on to finish third.
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GAv
Pts
France 3 2 0 1 11 7 1.57 4
Yugoslavia 3 1 2 0 7 6 1.17 4
Paraguay 3 1 1 1 9 12 0.75 3
Scotland 3 0 1 2 4 6 0.67 1
France finished ahead of Yugoslavia on goal average
8 June 195819:00 (CET)
France
7–3
Paraguay
Fontaine 24', 30', 67'
Piantoni 52'
Wisnieski 61'
Kopa 70'
Vincent 83' Report Amarilla 20', 44' (pen.)
Romero 50'
Idrottsparken, Norrköping
Attendance: 16,518
Referee: Juan Gardeazábal Garay (Spain)
8 June 195819:00 (CET)
Yugoslavia
1–1
Scotland
Petaković 6' Report Murray 49'
Arosvallen, Västerås
Attendance: 9,591
Referee: Raymond Wyssling (Switzerland)
11 June 195819:00 (CET)
Yugoslavia
3–2
France
Petaković 16'
Veselinović 63', 88' Report Fontaine 4', 85'
Arosvallen, Västerås
Attendance: 12,217
Referee: Benjamin Griffiths (Wales)
11 June 195819:00 (CET)
Paraguay
3–2
Scotland
Agüero 4'
Ré 45'
Parodi 73' Report Mudie 24'
Collins 74'
Idrottsparken, Norrköping
Attendance: 11,665
Referee: Vincenzo Orlandini (Italy)
15 June 195819:00 (CET)
France
2–1
Scotland
Kopa 22'
Fontaine 44' Report Baird 58'
Eyravallen, Örebro
Attendance: 13,554
Referee: Juan Brozzi (Argentina)
15 June 195819:00 (CET)
Paraguay
3–3
Yugoslavia
Parodi 20'
Agüero 52'
Romero 80' Report Ognjanović 18'
Veselinović 21'
Rajkov 73'
Tunavallen, Eskilstuna
Attendance: 13,103
Referee: Martin Macko (Czechoslovakia)
Group 3[edit]
Main article: 1958 FIFA World Cup Group 3
The Swedish hosts could count themselves lucky in ending up in a rather weak group which they proceeded to win fairly easily with their powerful workmanlike football. The group included Hungary which had been considered by far the best team in the world some years ago – although the Hungarians could not beat West Germany in the final of the World Cup in 1954. But the Hungarian team had been dealt a blow by the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 after which star players like Sándor Kocsis and Ferenc Puskás left their homeland. Striker Nándor Hidegkuti was still playing, but he was by now 36 years old and nowhere near his previous form.
In spite of Hungary's recent travails, they were still considered a strong side and everyone expected the Hungarian players to advance from their group. The success of Wales therefore was a great surprise but the Welsh managed to draw all the group games and then beat the once-mighty Hungarians in a play-off match to decide which nation should follow Sweden into the knock-out stage. Had goal difference been the decider, Hungary would have gone through as the Hungarians had a goal ratio of 6–3 compared to 2–2 of Wales. As it was, Wales had the honour of meeting Brazil in the quarterfinals and becoming the recipient of young Pelé's first World Cup goal. The 1–1 draw between Wales and Mexico was the first point scored by Mexico in a World Cup.
The match between Hungary and Wales in Sandviken became the northern-most World Cup match in history.
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GAv
Pts
Sweden 3 2 1 0 5 1 5.00 5
Wales 3 0 3 0 2 2 1.00 3
Hungary 3 1 1 1 6 3 2.00 3
Mexico 3 0 1 2 1 8 0.13 1
Wales finished ahead of Hungary by winning a play-off
8 June 195814:00 (CET)
Sweden
3–0
Mexico
Simonsson 17', 64'
Liedholm 57' (pen.) Report
Råsunda Stadium, Solna
Attendance: 34,107
Referee: Nikolay Latyshev (Soviet Union)
8 June 195819:00 (CET)
Hungary
1–1
Wales
Bozsik 5' Report J. Charles 27'
Jernvallen, Sandviken
Attendance: 15,343
Referee: José María Codesal (Uruguay)
11 June 195819:00 (CET)
Mexico
1–1
Wales
Belmonte 89' Report I. Allchurch 32'
Råsunda Stadium, Solna
Attendance: 15,150
Referee: Leo Lemesic (Yugoslavia)
12 June 195819:00 (CET)
Sweden
2–1
Hungary
Hamrin 34', 55' Report Tichy 77'
Råsunda Stadium, Solna
Attendance: 38,850
Referee: Jack Mowat (Scotland)
15 June 195814:00 (CET)
Sweden
0–0
Wales
Report
Råsunda Stadium, Solna
Attendance: 30,287
Referee: Lucien van Nuffel (Belgium)
15 June 195819:00 (CET)
Hungary
4–0
Mexico
Tichy 19', 46'
Sándor 54'
Bencsics 69' Report
Jernvallen, Sandviken
Attendance: 13,300
Referee: Arne Eriksson (Finland)
Play-off[edit]
17 June 195819:00 (CET)
Wales
2–1
Hungary
I. Allchurch 55'
Medwin 76' Report Tichy 33'
Råsunda Stadium, Solna
Attendance: 2,823
Referee: Nikolay Latyshev (Soviet Union)
Group 4[edit]
Main article: 1958 FIFA World Cup Group 4
Notwithstanding the disappointments of the previous tournaments, Brazil were considered extremely powerful, as would indeed prove to be the case. The Soviet Union were the reigning Olympic champion and Austria had won the bronze medal in the 1954 World Cup in Switzerland, four years earlier. And although England, weakened by the loss of several players at the Munich air disaster, were not considered at their very best, they were still always a formidable team.
In the end, this group had the highest average attendance, even higher than Group 3 with the host nation, Sweden.
The quality of the football in this group did not quite live up to expectations, however. Only 15 goals were scored in the whole group, fewer than in any of the other groups. And when England and Brazil drew 0–0, it was the first time in World Cup history that a game ended with no goals.
Brazil won the group without conceding a single goal. The teenage Pelé played Brazil's last game against the Soviet Union. He did not score but drew wild reviews for his play. The Soviet Union, in their first World Cup, took second place.
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GAv
Pts
Brazil 3 2 1 0 5 0 – 5
Soviet Union 3 1 1 1 4 4 1.00 3
England 3 0 3 0 4 4 1.00 3
Austria 3 0 1 2 2 7 0.29 1
The Soviet Union finished ahead of England by winning a play-off
8 June 195819:00 (CET)
Brazil
3–0
Austria
Altafini 37', 85'
Nílton Santos 50' Report
Rimnersvallen, Uddevalla
Attendance: 17,778
Referee: Maurice Guigue (France)
8 June 195819:00 (CET)
Soviet Union
2–2
England
Simonyan 13'
A. Ivanov 56' Report Kevan 66'
Finney 85' (pen.)
Ullevi, Gothenburg
Attendance: 49,348
Referee: István Zsolt (Hungary)
11 June 195819:00 (CET)
Brazil
0–0
England
Report
Ullevi, Gothenburg
Attendance: 40,895
Referee: Albert Dusch (West Germany)
11 June 195819:00 (CET)
Soviet Union
2–0
Austria
Ilyin 15'
V. Ivanov 62' Report
Ryavallen, Borås
Attendance: 21,239
Referee: Carl Jørgensen (Denmark)
15 June 195819:00 (CET)
England
2–2
Austria
Haynes 56'
Kevan 74' Report Koller 15'
Körner 71'
Ryavallen, Borås
Attendance: 15,872
Referee: Jan Bronkhorst (Netherlands)
15 June 195819:00 (CET)
Brazil
2–0
Soviet Union
Vavá 3', 77' Report
Ullevi, Gothenburg
Attendance: 50,928
Referee: Maurice Guigue (France)
Play-off[edit]
17 June 195819:00 (CET)
Soviet Union
1–0
England
Ilyin 69' Report
Ullevi, Gothenburg
Attendance: 23,182
Referee: Albert Dusch (West Germany)
Knockout stage[edit]
Main article: 1958 FIFA World Cup knockout stage
Bracket[edit]
Quarter-finals Semi-finals Final
19 June – Gothenburg
Brazil 1
24 June – Solna
Wales 0
Brazil 5
19 June – Norrköping
France 2
France 4
29 June – Solna
Northern Ireland 0
Brazil 5
19 June – Solna
Sweden 2
Sweden 2
24 June – Gothenburg
Soviet Union 0
Sweden 3
19 June – Malmö
West Germany 1 Third place
West Germany 1
28 June – Gothenburg
Yugoslavia 0
France 6
West Germany 3
Quarter-finals[edit]
19 June 195819:00 (CET)
Brazil
1–0
Wales
Pelé 66' Report
Ullevi, Gothenburg
Attendance: 25,923
Referee: Fritz Seipelt (Austria)
19 June 195819:00 (CET)
France
4–0
Northern Ireland
Wisnieski 44'
Fontaine 55', 63'
Piantoni 68' Report
Idrottsparken, Norrköping
Attendance: 11,800
Referee: Juan Gardeazábal Garay (Spain)
19 June 195819:00 (CET)
Sweden
2–0
Soviet Union
Hamrin 49'
Simonsson 88' Report
Råsunda Stadium, Solna
Attendance: 31,900
Referee: Reginald Leafe (England)
19 June 195819:00 (CET)
West Germany
1–0
Yugoslavia
Rahn 12' Report
Malmö Stadion, Malmö
Attendance: 20,055
Referee: Raymond Wyssling (Switzerland)
Semi-finals[edit]
24 June 195819:00 (CET)
Brazil
5–2
France
Vavá 2'
Didi 39'
Pelé 52', 64', 75' Report Fontaine 9'
Piantoni 83'
Råsunda Stadium, Solna
Attendance: 27,100
Referee: Benjamin Griffiths (Wales)
24 June 195819:00 (CET)
Sweden
3–1
West Germany
Skoglund 32'
Gren 81'
Hamrin 88' Report Schäfer 24'
Ullevi, Gothenburg
Attendance: 49,471
Referee: István Zsolt (Hungary)
Third place play-off[edit]
28 June 195817:00 (CET)
France
6–3
West Germany
Fontaine 16', 36', 78', 89'
Kopa 27' (pen.)
Douis 50' Report Cieslarczyk 18'
Rahn 52'
Schäfer 84'
Ullevi, Gothenburg
Attendance: 32,483
Referee: Juan Brozzi (Argentina)
Final[edit]
Main article: 1958 FIFA World Cup Final
29 June 195815:00 (CET)
Brazil
5–2
Sweden
Vavá 9', 32'
Pelé 55', 90'
Zagallo 68' Report Liedholm 4'
Simonsson 80'
Råsunda Stadium, Solna
Attendance: 49,737
Referee: Maurice Guigue (France)
Goalscorers[edit]
With 13 goals, Just Fontaine was the top scorer in the tournament. As of 2018, no player has ever scored more goals in a single FIFA World Cup Final stage. In total, 126 goals were scored by 60 players, with none of them credited as own goal.[16]
13 goals
Just Fontaine
6 goals
Pelé
Helmut Rahn
5 goals
Vavá
Peter McParland
4 goals
Zdeněk Zikán
Lajos Tichy
Kurt Hamrin
Agne Simonsson
3 goals
Omar Oreste Corbatta
Raymond Kopa
Roger Piantoni
Hans Schäfer
Todor Veselinović
2 goals
José Altafini
Milan Dvořák
Václav Hovorka
Derek Kevan
Maryan Wisnieski
Juan Bautista Agüero
Florencio Amarilla
José Parodi
Jorge Lino Romero
Anatoli Ilyin
Nils Liedholm
Ivor Allchurch
Uwe Seeler
Aleksandar Petaković
1 goal
Ludovico Avio
Norberto Menéndez
Karl Koller
Alfred Körner
Didi
Nílton Santos
Mário Zagallo
Jiří Feureisl
Tom Finney
Johnny Haynes
Yvon Douis
Jean Vincent
József Bencsics
József Bozsik
Károly Sándor
Jaime Belmonte
Wilbur Cush
Cayetano Ré
Sammy Baird
Bobby Collins
Jackie Mudie
Jimmy Murray
Aleksandr Ivanov
Valentin Ivanov
Nikita Simonyan
Gunnar Gren
Lennart Skoglund
John Charles
Terry Medwin
Hans Cieslarczyk
Radivoje Ognjanović
Zdravko Rajkov
FIFA retrospective ranking[edit]
In 1986, FIFA published a report that ranked all teams in each World Cup up to and including 1986, based on progress in the competition, overall results and quality of the opposition.[17][18] The rankings for the 1958 tournament were as follows:
R
Team
G
P
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts.
1 Brazil 4 6 5 1 0 16 4 +12 11
2 Sweden 3 6 4 1 1 12 7 +5 9
3 France 2 6 4 0 2 23 15 +8 8
4 West Germany 1 6 2 2 2 12 14 −2 6
Eliminated in the quarter-finals
5 Wales 3 5 1 3 1 4 4 0 5
6 Soviet Union 4 5 2 1 2 5 6 −1 5
7 Northern Ireland 1 5 2 1 2 6 10 −4 5
8 Yugoslavia 2 4 1 2 1 7 7 0 4
Eliminated in the group stage
9 Czechoslovakia 1 4 1 1 2 9 6 +3 3
10 Hungary 3 4 1 1 2 7 5 +2 3
11 England 4 4 0 3 1 4 5 -1 3
12 Paraguay 2 3 1 1 1 9 12 −3 3
13 Argentina 1 3 1 0 2 5 10 −5 2
14 Scotland 2 3 0 1 2 4 6 −2 1
15 Austria 4 3 0 1 2 2 7 −5 1
16 Mexico 3 3 0 1 2 1 8 −7 1
See also[edit]
Conspiracy 58, a mockumentary conspiracy theory film claiming the 1958 World Cup never happened.
References[edit]
Norlin, Arne (2008). 1958: När Folkhemmet Fick Fotbolls-VM (in Swedish). Malmö: Ross & Tegner. ISBN 978-91-976144-8-1.
Jump up ^ "World Cup Best Players (Golden Ball)". Topend Sports. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Norlin, pp.24–25
Jump up ^ "FIFA World Cup: host announcement decision" (PDF). FIFA. 12 March 2009. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
Jump up ^ "History of the World Cup Final Draw" (PDF). Retrieved 2 March 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Norlin, p.117
Jump up ^ Norlin, pp.130–6
Jump up ^ "Top Star 1958". balones-oficiales.com. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c Norlin, p.23
Jump up ^ Norlin, p.32
^ Jump up to: a b c Norlin, p.27
Jump up ^ Norlin, p.30
Jump up ^ Norlin, p.28
Jump up ^ Norlin, p.8
^ Jump up to: a b Norlin, p.273
Jump up ^ Mundo Deportivo, 23 June 1958; El Grafico, 27 June 1958.
Jump up ^ "Players - Top goals". FIFA.
Jump up ^ "page 45" (PDF). Retrieved 2 March 2012.
Jump up ^ "FIFA World Cup: Milestones, facts & figures. Statistical Kit 7" (PDF). FIFA. 26 March 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 May 2013.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to FIFA World Cup 1958.
1958 FIFA World Cup Sweden ™, FIFA.com
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Notes: There was no qualification for the 1930 World Cup as places were given by invitation only. In 1950, there was no final; the article is about the decisive match of the final group stage.
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Neuroanatomy of memory
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The neuroanatomy of memory encompasses a wide variety of anatomical structures in the brain.
Contents
[hide]
1 Subcortical structures
1.1 Hippocampus
1.1.1 Cognitive maps
1.1.2 Encoding
1.2 Cerebellum
1.3 Amygdala
1.3.1 Memory of fear conditioning
1.3.2 Memory consolidation
1.4 Basal ganglia and motor memory
2 Cortical structures
2.1 Frontal lobe
2.2 Temporal lobe
2.3 Parietal lobe
2.4 Occipital lobe
2.5 Damage to the cortex
2.5.1 Frontotemporal lobar degeneration and memory
2.5.2 Parkinson's disease and memory
3 References
Subcortical structures[edit]
Hippocampus[edit]
The hippocampus
The hippocampus is a structure in the brain that has been associated with various memory functions. It is part of the limbic system, and lies next to the medial temporal lobe. It is made up of two structures, the Ammon's Horn, and the Dentate gyrus, each containing different types of cells.[1]
Cognitive maps[edit]
There is evidence that the hippocampus contains cognitive maps in humans. In one study, single-cell recordings were taken from electrodes implanted in a rat's hippocampus, and it was found that certain neurons responded strongly only when the rat was in certain locations. These cells are called place cells, and collections of these cells can be considered to be mental maps. Individual place cells do not only respond to one unique area only however, the patterns of activation of these cells overlap to form layered mental maps within the hippocampus. A good analogy is the example of the same television or computer screen pixels being used to light up any trillions of possible combinations to produce images, just as the place cells can be used in any multiple possible combinations to represent mental maps. The hippocampus' right side is more oriented towards responding to spatial aspects, whereas the left side is associated with other context information. Also, there is evidence that experience in building extensive mental maps, such as driving a city taxi for a long time (since this requires considerable memorization of routes), can increase the volume of one's hippocampus.[2]
Encoding[edit]
Damage to the hippocampus and surrounding area can cause anterograde amnesia, the inability to form new memories.[3] This implies that the hippocampus is important not only for storing cognitive maps, but for encoding memories.
The hippocampus is also involved in memory consolidation, the slow process by which memories are converted from short to long term memory. This is supported by studies in which lesions are applied to rat hippocampi at different times after learning.[2] The process of consolidation may take up to a couple years.
It has also been found that it is possible to form new semantic memories without the hippocampus, but not episodic memories, which means that explicit descriptions of actual events (episodic) cannot be learned, but some meaning and knowledge is gained from experiences (semantic).[2]
Cerebellum[edit]
The cerebellum
The cerebellum ("little brain") is a structure located at the rear of the brain, near the spinal cord. It looks like a miniature version of the cerebral cortex, in that it has a wavy, or convoluted surface.[3]
Unlike the hippocampus which is involved in the encoding of complex memories, the cerebellum plays a role in the learning of procedural memory, and motor learning, such as skills requiring co-ordination and fine motor control.[4] An example of a skill requiring procedural memory would be playing a musical instrument, or driving a car or riding a bike. Individuals with transient global amnesia that have difficulty forming new memories and/or remembering old events may sometimes retain the ability to perform complex musical pieces, suggesting that procedural memory is completely dissociated from conscious memory, also known as explicit memory.
This separation makes sense if the cerebellum, which is far removed from the hippocampus, is responsible for procedural learning. The cerebellum is more generally involved in motor learning, and damage to it can result in problems with movement, specifically it is considered to co-ordinate timing and accuracy of movements, and to make long-term changes (learning) to improve these skills.[1]
Amygdala[edit]
The amygdala.
Located above the hippocampus in the medial temporal lobes are two amygdalae (singular "amygdala"). The amygdalae are associated with both emotional learning and memory, as it responds strongly to emotional stimuli, especially fear. These neurons assist in encoding emotional memories and enhancing them. This process results in emotional events being more deeply and accurately encoded into memory. Lesions to the amygdalae in monkeys have been shown to impair motivation, as well as the processing of emotions.[5]
Memory of fear conditioning[edit]
Pavlovian conditioning tests have shown the active role of the amygdala in fear conditioning in rats. Research involving lesions to the basolateral nucleus have shown a strong association with memories involving fear. The central nucleus is linked with the behavioral responses that are dependent on the basolateral's reaction to fear.[6] The central nucleus of the amygdala is also linked to emotions and behaviors motivated by food and sex.[7]
Memory consolidation[edit]
Emotional experiences and events are somewhat fragile and take a while to be completely set into memory. This slow process, referred to as consolidation, allows emotions to influence the way the memory is stored.[7]
The amygdala is involved in memory consolidation, which is the process of transferring information that is currently in working memory into ones long-term memory. This process is also known as memory modulation.[7] The amygdala works to encode recent emotional information into memory. Memory research has shown that the greater ones emotional arousal level at the time of the event, the greater the chance that the event will be remembered.[7] This may be due to the amygdala enhancing the emotional aspect of the information during encoding, causing the memory to be processed at a deeper level and therefore, more likely to withstand forgetting.
Basal ganglia and motor memory[edit]
The basal ganglia
The basal ganglia are a group of nuclei which are located in the medial temporal lobe, above the thalamus and connected to the cerebral cortex. Specifically, the basal ganglia includes the subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra, the globus pallidus, the ventral striatum and the dorsal striatum, which consists of the putamen and the caudate nucleus.[8] The basic functions of these nuclei deal with cognition, learning, and motor control and activities. The basal ganglia are also associated with learning, memory, and unconscious memory processes, such as motor skills and implicit memory.[4] Particularly, one division within the ventral striatum, the nucleus accumbens core, is involved in the consolidation, retrieval and reconsolidation of drug memory.[9]
The caudate nucleus is thought to assist in learning and memory of associations taught during operant conditioning. Specifically, research has shown that this part of the basal ganglia plays a role in acquiring stimulus-response habits, as well as in solving sequence tasks.[8]
Damage to the basal ganglia has been linked to dysfunctional learning of motor and perceptual-motor skills. Most disorders that are associated with damage to these areas of the brain involve some type of motor dysfunction, as well as trouble with mental switching between tasks in working memory. Such symptoms are often present in those who suffer from dystonia, athymhormic syndrome, Fahr's syndrome, Huntington's disease or Parkinson's disease. Huntington's and Parkinson's disease involve both motor deficits and cognitive impairment.[8]
Cortical structures[edit]
The cortical structures
Frontal lobe[edit]
The frontal lobes are located at the front of each cerebral hemisphere and positioned anterior to the parietal lobes. It is separated from the parietal lobe by the primary motor cortex, which controls voluntary movements of specific body parts associated with the precentral gyrus.[10] The cortex here serves our ability to plan the day, organize work, type a letter, pay attention to details and control the movements of your arms and legs. It also contributed to your personality and behaviour.
When considering the frontal lobes in regards to memory, we see that it is very important in the coordination of information. Therefore, the frontal lobes are important in working memory. For example, when you are thinking about how to get to a mall you have never been to before, you combine various bits of knowledge you already have: the layout of the city the mall is in, information from a map, knowledge of traffic patterns in that area and conversations with your friends about the location of the mall. By actively using all of this information, you can determine the best route for you to take. This action involves the controlled use of information in working memory, coordinated by the frontal lobes.
The frontal lobes help a person select out memories that are most relevant on a given occasion. It can coordinate various types of information into a coherent memory trace.[11] For example, the knowledge of the information itself, as well as knowing where information came from must be put together into a single memory representation; this is called source monitoring.[12] Sometimes we experience situations where information becomes separated, such as when we recall something, but cannot remember where we remember it from; this is referred to as a source monitoring error.[12]
The frontal lobes are also involved in the ability to remember what we need to do in the future; this is called prospective memory.[13]
Temporal lobe[edit]
The temporal lobes are a region of the cerebral cortex that is located beneath the Sylvian fissure on both the left and right hemispheres of the brain.[14] Lobes in this cortex are more closely associated with memory and in particular autobiographical memory.[15]
The temporal lobes are also concerned with recognition memory. This is the capacity to identify an item as one that was recently encountered.[16] Recognition memory is widely viewed as consisting of two components, a familiarity component (i.e. Do I know this person waving at me?) and a recollective component (i.e. That is my friend Julia, from evolutionary psychology class).
Damage to the temporal lobe can affect an individual in a litany of ways ranging from: disturbance of auditory sensation and perception, disturbance of selective attention of auditory and visual input, disorders of visual perception, impaired organization and categorization of verbal material, disturbance of language comprehension, and altered personality.[17]
In regard to memory, temporal lobe damage can impair long-term memory.[17] Thus, general semantic knowledge or more personal episodic memories of one's childhood could be affected.
Parietal lobe[edit]
The parietal lobe is located directly behind the central sulcus, superior to the occipital lobe and posterior to the frontal lobe, visually at the top of the back of the head.[18] The make up of the parietal lobe is defined by four anatomical boundaries in the brain, providing a division of all the four lobes.[18]
The parietal lobe has many functions and duties in the brain and its main functioning can be divided down into two main areas: (1) sensation and perception (2) constructing a spatial coordinate system to represent the world around us.[19] The parietal lobe helps us to mediate attention when necessary and provides spatial awareness and navigational skills. Also, it integrates all of our sensory information (touch, sight, pain etc.) to form a single perception.[19] Parietal lobe gives the ability to focus our attention on different stimuli at the same time, PET scans show high activity in the parietal lobe when participates being studied were asked to focus their attention at two separate areas of attention.[19] Parietal lobe also assists with verbal short term memory and damage to the supramarginal gyrus cause short term memory loss.[20]
Damage to the parietal lobe results in the syndrome ‘neglect' which is when patients treat part of their body or objects in their visual field as though it never existed. Damage to the left side of the parietal lobe can result in what is called Gerstmann syndrome.[21] It includes right-left confusion, difficulty with writing (agraphia) and difficulty with mathematics (acalculia). It can also produce disorders of language (aphasia) and the inability to perceive objects.[21] Damage to the right parietal lobe can result in neglecting part of the body or space (contralateral neglect), which can impair many self-care skills such as dressing and washing. Right side damage can also cause difficulty in making things (constructional apraxia), denial of deficits (anosognosia) and drawing ability.[21] Neglect syndrome tends to be more prevalent on the right side of the parietal lobe, because the right mediates attention to both the left and right fields.[21] Damage in the somatic sensory cortex results in loss of perception of bodily sensations, namely sense of touch.
Occipital lobe[edit]
The occipital lobe is the smallest of all four lobes in the human cerebral cortex and located in the rearmost part of the skull and considered to be part of the forebrain.[22] The occipital lobe sits directly above the cerebellum and is situated posterior to the Parieto-occipital sulcus, or parieto-occipital sulcus.[22] This lobe is known as the centre of the visual perception system, the main function of the occipital lobe is that of vision.
Retinal sensors send signals through the optic tract to the Lateral geniculate nucleus. Once the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus receives the information it is sent down the primary visual cortex where it is organized and sent down one of two possible path ways; dorsal or ventral stream.[23] The ventral stream is responsible for object representation and recognition and is also commonly known as the "what" stream. The dorsal stream is responsible for guiding our actions and recognizing where objects are in space, commonly known as the "where" or "how" stream. Once in the information is organized and sent through the pathways it continues to the other areas of the brain responsible for visual processing.[23]
The most important function of the Occipital lobe is vision. Due to the positioning of this lobe at the back of the head it is not susceptible to much injury but any significant damage to the brain can cause a variety of damage to our visual perception system. Common problems in the occipital lobe are field defects and scotomas, movement and colour discrimination, hallucinations, illusions, inability to recognize words and inability to recognize movement.[19] A study was done in which patients suffered from a tumour on the occipital lobe and the results shows that the most frequent consequence was contralateral damage to the visual field. When damage occurs in the occipital lobe it is most common to see the effects on the opposite side of the brain. Since the brain regions are so specialized in their functioning damages done to specific areas of the brain can cause specific type of damage. Damage to the left side of the brain can lead to language discrepancies, i.e. difficulty in properly identifying letters, numbers and words, inability to incorporate visual stimuli to comprehend multiple ways an object can be found.[19] Right side damage causes non-verbal problems, i.e. identifying geometric shapes, perception of figures and faces.[19] In almost all regions of the brain left side damage leads to general language problems whereas right side damage leads to general perception and problem solving skills.
Damage to the cortex[edit]
Many studies of different disease and disorders that have symptoms of memory loss have provided reinforcing evidence to the study of the anatomy of the brain and which parts are more utilized in memory.
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration and memory[edit]
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a common form of dementia due to the degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes. Studies have found significant decreases in the essential needs for proper functioning in these lobes. The autobiographical domain in memory is largely affected by this disease. In one study, FTLD patients were interviewed and asked to describe a significant event from five different periods of their lives. Using the interview and different methods of imaging, the experimenters hoped to find links between patterns of brain volume loss and performance in the interview.[24]
Through image processing, patterns of significant reduced parenchymal volumes that encompass the frontal and temporal lobes were found. Through comparison to a control group of patients it was found that parenchymal volumes increased during episodic recall, and decreased during semantic recall. The experimenters discussed that lifespan autobiographical episodic recall was largely damaged in FTLD patients and semantic autobiographical memory seemed to be spared.[24]
Parkinson's disease and memory[edit]
Parkinson's disease involves both damage to the basal ganglia and certain memory dysfunctions, suggesting that the basal ganglia are involved in specific types of memory. Those who have this disease have problems with both their working memory and spatial memory.[25]
Most people can instantly and easily use visual-spatial memory to remember locations and pictures, but a person with Parkinson's disease would find this difficult. He or she would also have trouble encoding this visual and spatial information into long-term memory.[25] This suggests that the basal ganglia work in both encoding and recalling spatial information.
People with Parkinson's disease display working memory impairment during sequence tasks and tasks involving events in time. They also have difficulty in knowing how to use their memory, such as when to change strategies or maintain a train of thought.[25]
References[edit]
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^ Jump up to: a b c Ward, J (2009). The Student's Guide to Cognitive Neuroscience. Psychology Press. ISBN 1-84872-003-3.
^ Jump up to: a b Mahut, H; Zola-Morgan S; Moss M (1982). "Hippocampal resections impair associative learning and recognition memory in the monkey". The Journal of Neuroscience. 2 (9): 1214–1229. PMID 7119874.
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Jump up ^ Kuypers, H. (1981). Anatomy of the descending pathways. V. Brooks, ed. The Nervous System, Handbook of Physiology, vol. 2. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins.
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Robbins, TW; Kadhim, Z; Ersche KD; Everitt BJ (2008). "Drug Addiction and the memory systems of the brain". New York Academy of Sciences 1141
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/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

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values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

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Language settings
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values: آناتومی عصبی حافظه – Persian

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