text:
Southern by the Grace of God
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Southern by the Grace of God
Live album by Lynyrd Skynyrd
Released
March 21, 1988
Recorded
1987
Genre
Southern rock
Label
MCA
Lynyrd Skynyrd chronology
Street Survivors
(1977)Street Survivors1977 Southern by the Grace of God
(1988) Lynyrd Skynyrd 1991
(1991)Lynyrd Skynyrd 19911991
Professional ratings
Review scores
Source
Rating
Allmusic [1]
Southern by the Grace of God is a live album by southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd, this live concert was a tribute by Lynyrd Skynyrd to the members of the band who had died in the 1977 plane crash. The plane crash killed frontman Ronnie Van Zant, guitarist Steve Gaines, backing vocalist Cassie Gaines and road manager Dean Kilpatrick. This is the first album produced by the band after the '77 plane crash. The band's lineup was re-worked into a second-generation Skynyrd. The changes include: Johnny Van Zant, younger brother of Ronnie Van Zant, taking over on vocals, Ed King, who departed the band during a 1975 tour and Randall Hall, who replaced the paralyzed Allen Collins. The three (King, Hall along with founding member Gary Rossington) re-form the famous triple-lead guitar attack of the original band. New background vocalists Carol Bristow and Dale Krantz-Rossington were added to take the place of the original Honkettes.
Contents
[hide]
1 Track listings
2 Personnel
2.1 Special Appearances
3 References
Track listings[edit]
"Introduction by Lacy Van Zant/Workin' for MCA" (Ed King, Ronnie Van Zant) - 6:04
"That Smell" (Allen Collins, Ronnie Van Zant) - 6:33
"I Know a Little" (Steve Gaines) - 4:58
"Comin' Home" (Allen Collins, Ronnie Van Zant) - 6:36
"You Got That Right" (Steve Gaines, Ronnie Van Zant) - 4:33
"What's Your Name?" (Gary Rossington, Ronnie Van Zant) - 3:59
"Gimme Back My Bullets" (Gary Rossington, Ronnie Van Zant) - 4:58
"Swamp Music" (Ed King, Ronnie Van Zant) - 3:51
"Call Me the Breeze" (J.J. Cale) - 7:29
"Dixie/Sweet Home Alabama" (Ed King, Gary Rossington, Ronnie Van Zant) - 8:29
"Free Bird" (Allen Collins, Ronnie Van Zant) - 14:51
Tracks 1-2, 4-6, 11 recorded 11/1/1987 at the Reunion Arena in Dallas, TX
Tracks 3, 7, 9-10 recorded 10/15/1987 at The Omni in Atlanta, GA
Track 8 recorded 10/23/1987 at the Starwood Amphitheatre in Antioch, TN
Personnel[edit]
Johnny Van Zant - lead vocals
Gary Rossington - guitar
Ed King - guitar, Yamaha DX7, backing vocals
Randall Hall - backing vocals, guitar
Leon Wilkeson - backing vocals, bass
Billy Powell - piano, organ, Yamaha DX7
Artimus Pyle - drums
Chris Pyle - percussion
Dale Krantz Rossington - backing vocals
Carol Bristow - backing vocals
Special Appearances[edit]
Allen Collins - arrangement consultant
Ronnie Eades - Muscle Shoals Horn Section
Don Taylor - Sax Attack Horn Section
Lacy Van Zant - Master of Ceremonies
Charlie Daniels - vocals ("Sweet Home Alabama"), fiddle ("Call Me The Breeze")
Steve Morse - guitar ("Gimme Back My Bullets")
Toy Caldwell - guitar ("Call Me The Breeze")
Jeff Carlisi - guitar ("Call Me The Breeze")
Donnie Van Zant - vocals ("Call Me The Breeze" and "Sweet Home Alabama")
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Smith, Michael B.. Southern by the Grace of God at AllMusic. Retrieved 2011-06-22.

[hide]
v
t
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Lynyrd Skynyrd
Gary Rossington
Rickey Medlocke
Johnny Van Zant
Michael Cartellone
Mark Matejka
Peter Keys
Johnny Colt
Ronnie Van Zant
Allen Collins
Bob Burns
Larry Junstrom
Greg T. Walker
Leon Wilkeson
Billy Powell
Ed King
Artimus Pyle
Steve Gaines
Randall Hall
Kurt Custer
Mike Estes
Owen Hale
Hughie Thomasson
Jeff McAllister
Kenny Aronoff
Ean Evans
Robert Kearns
Studio albums
(Pronounced 'Lĕh-'nérd 'Skin-'nérd)
Second Helping
Nuthin' Fancy
Gimme Back My Bullets
Street Survivors
Lynyrd Skynyrd 1991
The Last Rebel
Endangered Species
Twenty
Edge of Forever
Christmas Time Again
Vicious Cycle
God & Guns
Last of a Dyin' Breed
Live albums
One More from the Road
Southern by the Grace of God
Southern Knights
Lyve from Steel Town
Lynyrd Skynyrd Lyve: The Vicious Cycle Tour
Authorized Bootleg Lynyrd Skynyrd Live / Cardiff Capitol Theater - Cardiff, Wales Nov. 04 1975
Authorized Bootleg Live In Winterland, San Francisco, CA, March 07, 1976
Live from Freedom Hall
Compilations
Skynyrd's First and... Last
Gold & Platinum
Best of the Rest
Legend
Skynyrd's Innyrds
Lynyrd Skynyrd (Box Set)
A Retrospective
What's Your Name
Old Time Greats
Extended Versions: The Encore Collection
The Essential Lynyrd Skynyrd
Skynyrd's First: The Complete Muscle Shoals Album
20th Century Masters: The Best of Lynyrd Skynyrd
Solo Flytes
All Time Greatest Hits
Collectybles
Then and Now
Lynyrd Skynyrd: The Collection
Thyrty
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Then and Now Volume Two
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Icon
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Lynyrd Skynyrd Tribute Tour
Freebird... The Movie
Lyve From Steel Town
Lynyrd Skynyrd Lyve: The Vicious Cycle Tour
Lynyrd Skynyrd: Live from Austin, TX
Live from Freedom Hall
Songs
"Tuesday's Gone"
"Gimme Three Steps"
"Simple Man"
"Things Goin' On"
"Free Bird"
"Mr. Banker"
"Don't Ask Me No Questions"
"Sweet Home Alabama"
"Saturday Night Special"
"Double Trouble"
"All I Can Do Is Write About It"
"What's Your Name"
"That Smell"
"You Got That Right"
"Red White & Blue"
Tours
Pronounced 'Lĕh-'nérd 'Skin-'nérd Tour
Second Helping Tour
Nuthin' Fancy Tour
Gimme Back My Bullets Tour
One More From The Road Tour
Street Survivors Tour
Lynyrd Skynyrd Tribute Tour
Lynyrd Skynyrd 1991 Tour
The Last Rebel Tour
Lynyrd Skynyrd Twenty Tour
Edge of Forever Tour
Vicious Cycle Tour
Rebels and Bandoleros Tour
Spin-off bands
Rossington Collins Band
The Rossington Band
Allen Collins Band
Artimus Pyle Band
Van Zant
Related articles
Discography
Band Members
Skynyrd Frynds
1977 Convair CV-240 crash
Ronnie Van Zant Memorial Park
Leonard Skinner
"All Summer Long"
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern_by_the_Grace_of_God&oldid=683956781"
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Ecological relationship
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An ecological relationship is the relationship between an organism in its ecosystem. All organisms in an ecosystem are connected in one way or another. Each interaction depends on the one before it. Each population interacts with one another in a complex web of relations. Ecological relationships help better to describe how they are connected.
There are ecological relationships in which two are oppositional and four are symbiotic. The oppositional relationships are predation and competition. The symbiotic relationships are mutualism, commensalism, amensalism , neutralism , cooperation and parasitism.
The ecological relationship an organism has depends on the way the organism adapted to its environmental pressures on evolutionary basis.
Contents
[hide]
1 Oppositional relationships
1.1 Predation
1.1.1 Herbivore–plant predation
1.1.2 Diagraming predator–prey relationships
1.2 Competition
1.2.1 Intraspecies competition
1.2.2 Interspecies competition
1.2.3 Competitive exclusion principle
2 Symbiotic relationships
2.1 Mutualism
2.2 Commensalism
2.3 Parasitism
3 References
4 External links
Oppositional relationships[edit]
Predation[edit]
Main article: Predation
This is where one organism hunts and eats the other organism. The organism hunting is called the predator, while the organism being hunted is called the prey. Energy received from the Sun is transferred from animals when the prey is eaten by the predator. The predator now has its prey's energy.
A predator is usually a carnivore that hunts, kills and eats other animals. For example, a snake eating a mouse: the snake is considered the predator because it is consuming the mouse. In another example, a striped marlin is a predator. It lives in the Pacific Ocean and preys on sardines, also a Pacific animal. Similarly, various birds eat earthworms.
However, a predator can become the prey of another larger predator; for instance, a snake may become a meal for a hawk.
"In ecology, predation is a mechanism of population control. Thus, when the number of predators is scarce, the number of prey should rise. When this happens, the predators would be able to reproduce more and possibly change their hunting habits. As the number of predators rise, the number of prey decline. This results in food scarcity for predators that can eventually lead to the death of many predators."
Because of this, predation is called a "positive-negative" relationship. (Campbell) There is also Cannibalism. It is a more grade of predation. This is where in one population the organisms eat each other due to scarcity of food sources. (Lurdes Isufaj) Ex. Frogs are known for cannibalism too.
Herbivore–plant predation[edit]
The prey does not necessarily have to be an animal, but can also be a plant. When prey is a plant, the relationship would be called an herbivore plant relationship.
A perfect example of this would be," Galapagos tortoises eat cactus plants that grow on the Galapagos Islands." (Bar-Yam, 2011).
Another example are the koalas. They have a special digestive system that allows them to break down tough eucalyptus leaves and remain unharmed by its poison (National Geographic).
Finally, a squirrel is the herbivore (predator) and the nuts he eats are the plant (prey).
Diagraming predator–prey relationships[edit]
Food Webs
The species that make up an ecosystem are connected in complex "food webs" of eater and eaten. Food webs show interconnectedness, especially between predators and their prey.
When one species disappears, its predators can no longer eat it and its prey is no longer eaten by it. Changes in these populations affect others.
Energy Pyramids
An energy pyramid is a way of showing how energy flows through an ecosystem specifically on a certain food chain (predators and their prey).
Energy – The energy for all living things comes from the sun
Producers – Plants that capture the light energy and turn it into chemical energy (stored in sugar)
Consumers – Organisms that can't make their own food
Carnivores – Consumers that eat animals
Ex. Chethas,lion, and tiger
Herbivores – Consumers that eat plants (producers)
Ex. Chipmunks and Armadillos
Omnivores – Consumers that eat both animals and plants
Ex. Badgers
Scavengers are consumers that eat dead animals
Ex. Vultures, ravens
Decomposers are consumers that eat and/or break down waste products
Ex. Fungus and Mold
Process for making an energy pyramid
1. Start with a food web
2. Find a food chain within the food web
3. Identify the trophic levels (Trophic Level-Steps in a food chain/energy pyramid)
4. Add the source of energy (usually the sun, but may also be chemosynthetic bacteria found near underwater volcanoes.)
5. Show the amount of energy in every movement
6. Show the energy that is lost
Competition[edit]
Main article: Competition_(biology)
Competition is when organisms compete for the same resources. This is a negative relationship because both organisms are harming each other (Campbell).
Intraspecies competition[edit]
Organisms competing can be from within the same species for example, two male elk fighting for a female mate. Elephants also fight each other so that the dominant elephant will get to breed with the female.
Another species that shows great competition between each other are the dolphins. Dolphins go along together and play with each other, but when it is time to eat; all dolphins have to compete for a meal.
Interspecies competition[edit]
Competition can be also found in two different species. A lizard and a frog can compete for a similar food they eat such as a small insect. This type of competition is only found when two different species share an ecological niche that they must compete over.
Competitive exclusion principle[edit]
"Direct competition between different species almost always produces a winner and a loser- and the losing species dies out," or is forced to migrate to another ecosystem which can support them (Levine, 2010). This is the competitive exclusion principle. This principle says that two species that need the same resources cannot survive together in the same habitat. One organism will eventually die off, thus, called.
Symbiotic relationships[edit]
Mutualism[edit]
Main article: Mutualism_(biology)
in which organisms benefit from each other. This is a positive relationship.
An example of this would be the bee and flower. Bee gets nectar and honey from flower. The bee contributes back to the flower by spreading the pollen so that the flowers can reproduce.This is a very common contribute to both the flower and the bee, they both rely on each other to survive.
Another example would be when the ox pecker lands on an impalas back and eats the ticks that are a parasite to the impala. The ox pecker is benefited because it gets a meal from the tick and the impala gets benefited because the tick is no longer on it. Similarly, monkeys pick fleas from other monkeys which benefits both because its like a treat.
There is a mutualistic relationship between spider crabs and algae. The algae live on the crabs' backs, allowing the spider crab to blend in with its environment, so that predators can't find them. The algae get a nice place to live, while in turn, the spider crab gets camouflaged. Thus, both organisms are benefited. The Clownfish and Anemone would also be a good fit for mutualism because the Anemone protects the clownfish while the clownfish protects the Anemone. "The clownfish benefits by having a protected home territory."
Finally, there is even a mutualistic relationship within the human body. Bacteria live inside our intestines (getting a good place to live) and help us break down our food and get vitamins.
Commensalism[edit]
Main article: Commensalism
Commensalism is a relationship in which one organism benefits from another organism that is not affected. This is a positive, neutral relationship. (Campbell)
For example, a small fish called the Pilot Fish follows underneath a shark and when the shark eats something the pilot fish eats the scrap pieces of the shark original kill.(Blue Planet BBC Documentary 2001).
Another example is of a birds nest in a tree. The bird is benefitting because the tree is giving the bird shelter and the tree is not getting anything in return.
Similarly, the transparent shrimp benefits from a reef because it hides within it (camouflaging), but the coral is not affected.
Additionally, the relationship between an infectious disease and its carrier, an animal such as a mosquito, could be classified as commensalism because the mosquito is unaffected by the presence of the disease, but the mosquito transfers it to a host in which the disease can reproduce or spread more easily to others.
"Often, the host species provid=nsportation for the other species." (www.Biology-Online.org) The whale and barnacles are a perfect example of this. "Barnacles are crustaceans that have jointed legs and shells of connected overlapping plates. Instead of crawling after food, they glue themselves to rocks, ships, pillings, abalones, and maybe even whales and wait for food to wash by." (Oracle, 2000). The barnacles attach themselves to the whale. This way, the barnacle can get food faster. This does not affect the whale so he does not take the barnacle off.
Parasitism[edit]
Parasitism is a relationship in which one organism (the parasite) benefits while the other(the host) is harmed. This is a positive, negative relationship. (Campbell)( Dionne L Rice Jr)
The parasite usually lives on or inside the other organism.
For example, mosquito is a parasite, feeding on a human while transferring the disease called Malaria. Other examples would be ticks or fleas that live off of many large mammals. Similarly, head lice are an example of parasitism because they feed on blood from the humans head.
In Colorado, the pine bark beetle is a common parasite. The pine beetles lays its eggs in the pine trees, and then when the babies are born, they eat the layers of the tree which stops the tree from growing. (Robbins)
"Natural Selection favors parasites that are best able to locate hosts and feed on them."(Cambell, 1996).
References[edit]
The Blue Planet. BBC Documentary. 2001
Bar-Yam, S. (February 28, 2011). Predator-Prey relationships. Retrieved May 4, 2011, from NECSI: http://necsi.edu/projects/evolution/co-evolution/pred-prey/co-evolution_predator.html
Cambell. (1996). Mutualism. In Biology 4th edition (pp. 1120–1133). The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing co.
Levine, M. a. (2010). Biology. Pearson.
Oracle. (2000). barnacles. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from Oracle: http://library.thinkquest.org/J001418/barnacles.html
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition copyright ©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
Nearctica.com, Inc. 2004. All rights reserved.
Tommy E. Wynn, Biology Today, (1991), Pgs 832–833, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc. ISBN 0030353572
BSCS (2006) Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co
Buzzle.com. (2010, 7 30). Mutualism Relationships. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from Mutualism Relationships: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/mutualism-relationships.html
Heller., H. (November 2, 2005). Trophic links. Retrieved May 5, 2011, from Predator/ Prey relationships: http://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange1/current/lectures/predation/predation.html
Campbell, Biology 4th edition, Benjamin/ Cummings, publishing co. pg 1122, pg 1133
Marris, Emma. "Ecologists propose ousting species to save ecosystems", Scientific American .http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=ecologists-propose-oust
Hadhazy, Adam. "The Wolf and the Moose: Natural Enemies That Need Each Other", Scientific American.http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=the-wolf-and-the-moose
Levy, Sharon. "A Top Dog Takes Over," National Wildlife Federation, Online Magazine http://www.nwf.org/news-and-magazines/national-wildlife/animals/archives/2003/A-Top-Dog-Takes-Over.aspx (2003).
"Predation – Definition from Biology-Online.org." Life Science Reference – Biology Online. Web. May 5, 2011. <http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Predation>.
Bar-Yam, Shlomiya, Predator-Prey Relationships, Evolution, (2011), http://necsi.edu/projects/evolution/co-evolution/pred-prey/co-evolution_predator.html
Bar-Yam, Shlomiya, Mutualistic Relationships, Evolution, (2011), http://necsi.edu/projects/evolution/co-evolution/mutualistic/co-evolution_mutualistic.html
Campbell, (1996), Biology 4th Edition, Pages 1120–1133, The Benjamin Cummings Publishing Co., ISBN 0-8053-1940-9
Khan, Sumaiya, Examples of Commensalism, Buzzle.com, (2010), http://www.buzzle.com/articles/examples-of-commensalism.html
Hunziker, Derek, Scabies, Human Skin Parasites & Delusional Parasites, (2005), http://delusion.ucdavis.edu/scabies.html
Sea Lions Recognize the Local Competition, Wild Mammal Blog, (2010), http://www.wildmammal.com/index_files/sealion_barks.html
Jim Robbins. "Bark Beetles Kill Millions of Acres of Trees in West." November 18, 2008.
External links[edit]
http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/mammals/koala/
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/7924/Africa/37160/Ecological-relationships
www.philadelphia.edu.jo/courses/biology/Ecological%20Relationships.ppt
www.slideshare.net/brittgow/ecological-relationships
Examples of Mutualism: http://www.cbu.edu/~seisen/ExamplesOfMutalism.htm
http://delusion.ucdavis.edu/scabies.html
http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/relationships_page.htm
http://niral_bhavsar.home.comcast.net/~niral_bhavsar/coniferous/ecologicalrelationships.htm#predatorprey
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=ecologists-propose-oust
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ecological_relationship&oldid=787423361"
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The Lego Batman Movie
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the direct-to-video movie, see Lego Batman: The Movie – DC Super Heroes Unite.
The Lego Batman Movie
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Chris McKay
Produced by
Dan Lin
Phil Lord
Christopher Miller
Roy Lee
Screenplay by
Seth Grahame-Smith
Chris McKenna
Erik Sommers
Jared Stern
John Whittington
Story by
Seth Grahame-Smith
Based on
Characters
from DC Comics
Lego Construction Toys
Starring
Will Arnett
Zach Galifianakis
Michael Cera
Rosario Dawson
Ralph Fiennes
Music by
Lorne Balfe[1]
Edited by
David Burrows
Matt Villa
John Venzon
Production
companies
Warner Animation Group[2]
DC Entertainment[2]
RatPac-Dune Entertainment[2]
Lego System A/S[2]
Vertigo Entertainment[2]
Lin Pictures
Animal Logic[2]
Lord Miller Productions[2]
Distributed by
Warner Bros. Pictures[3]
Release date
January 29, 2017 (2017-01-29) (Dublin)[4]
February 9, 2017 (2017-02-09) (Denmark)
February 10, 2017 (2017-02-10) (United States)
March 30, 2017 (2017-03-30) (Australia)
Running time
104 minutes[5]
Country
United States
Denmark
Australia
Language
English
Budget
$80 million[6][7]
Box office
$312 million[7]
The Lego Batman Movie is a 2017 3D computer-animated superhero comedy film, produced by Warner Animation Group, directed by Chris McKay, and written by Seth Grahame-Smith, Chris McKenna, Erik Sommers, Jared Stern and John Whittington, with Phil Lord and Christopher Miller, the writers and directors of The Lego Movie, serving as producers. Based on the Lego Batman toy line, the film is an international co-production of the United States, Australia and Denmark, and the first spin-off installment of The Lego Movie. The story focuses on the DC Comics character Batman as he attempts to overcome his greatest fear to stop the Joker's latest plan, with Will Arnett reprising his role as Batman for the film, with the cast also including the voices of Zach Galifianakis, Michael Cera, Rosario Dawson and Ralph Fiennes.
The Lego Batman Movie premiered in Dublin, Ireland on January 29, 2017,[4] and was released in the United States on February 10, 2017.[8] Internationally, the film was released in 3D, RealD 3D, Dolby Cinema, and IMAX 3D. The film received positive reviews and grossed over $312 million worldwide.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Batman and pop culture references
5 Soundtrack
6 Release
6.1 Marketing
6.2 Home media
7 Reception
7.1 Box office
7.2 Critical response
7.3 Accolades
8 References
9 External links
Plot[edit]
Within the Lego Universe, Batman continues to protect Gotham City and fight crime. During his latest mission to stop the Joker from destroying the city, he hurts his arch-rival's feelings by telling him he is not as important in his life as he thinks he is, leading Joker to seek the ultimate revenge on him. The following day, Batman's alter ego, Bruce Wayne, attends the city's winter gala, which is celebrating both the retirement of Commissioner Gordon and the ascension of his daughter Barbara as the city's new police commissioner, only to be infuriated by Barbara's plans to restructure the police to function without the need of Batman. Without warning, Joker crashes the party with the city's other villains, all of whom surrender, with the exception of Harley Quinn, who disappears during the confusion.
Suspecting his arch-rival is up to something, Batman plots to steal Superman's Phantom Zone Projector, a device that can banish anyone to the Phantom Zone which houses some of the most dangerous villains in the Lego multiverse. Just as he plans his heist of the device, Alfred intervenes and advises him to take charge of Dick Grayson, whom Bruce unwittingly adopted as his ward during the gala. Reluctantly agreeing to do so, Batman fosters Dick as Robin, whereupon the pair successfully recover the Projector from the Fortress of Solitude, and break into Arkham Asylum to send Joker to the Phantom Zone. Suspecting his arch-rival wanted to be sent there, Barbara locks up Batman and Robin for their reckless actions.
While the Projector is being seized as evidence, Harley steals it back as part of Joker's plan and frees him, allowing him to return to Gotham with all the villains he had recruited in the Phantom Zone. Realizing that the city does need him, Barbara releases Batman and Robin and teams up with them and Alfred to stop the Joker. Although Batman finds himself able to trust and rely on his new team upon reaching Wayne Island, he chooses to send them away rather than losing them like his parents. Upon facing him alone, Joker believes that Batman is incapable of change and zaps him to the Phantom Zone before stealing the Batcave's stash of confiscated bombs. Arriving in the Phantom Zone, Batman witnesses the harm his selfishness has caused to everyone and slowly accepts his greatest fear. Making a deal with the Zone's gatekeeper Phyllis, a talking Lego brick, to be allowed back to Gotham in order to retrieve the Zone's escaped prisoners, Batman arrives in time to save his teammates, apologizing to them for his actions, and requesting their help to stop Joker.
Realizing that Joker plans to use the explosives he took to destroy the city's Energy Facility, thus causing the city to come apart and be destroyed, Batman turns Barbara into Batgirl, before he, his team, and Gotham City's other villains, who felt neglected by Joker, manage to successfully send the escaped villains back to the Phantom Zone. However, the group fail to stop Joker's bombs going off as the explosion begins to tear the city apart at the plates beneath it. Knowing this was his fault, Batman reluctantly convinces Joker that he is the true reason for being the hero he is before they, their friends and allies, and the city's inhabitants, chain-link themselves together and pull the plates back together, saving the city.
With the city saved, Batman prepares to be taken back into the Phantom Zone to fulfill his bargain only to be rejected by Phyllis who chooses to let him remain after seeing how much he had changed in order to save everyone. Batman allows Joker and the rest of his rogues gallery to temporarily escape with the confidence that whenever they return, they will be no match for his new alliance with Robin, Batgirl, and Alfred.
Cast[edit]
Main article: List of characters in The Lego Movie
Will Arnett as Bruce Wayne / Batman
Zach Galifianakis as the Joker[9]
Michael Cera as Dick Grayson / Robin[10]
Rosario Dawson as Barbara Gordon / Batgirl[11]
Ralph Fiennes as Alfred Pennyworth[12]
Jenny Slate as Harley Quinn[13]
Siri as Batcomputer (referred to as “'Puter” in the film)
Héctor Elizondo as Commissioner James Gordon[14]
Lauren White as Chief O'Hara, Medusa
Mariah Carey as Mayor McCaskill[15][16]
Eddie Izzard as Lord Voldemort[17]
Seth Green as King Kong[17]
Jemaine Clement as Sauron[17]
Billy Dee Williams as Two-Face[18][19]
Riki Lindhome as Poison Ivy,[20] Wicked Witch of the West
Conan O'Brien as Riddler[20]
Jason Mantzoukas as Scarecrow[20]
Zoë Kravitz as Catwoman[20]
Kate Micucci as Clayface[20]
Doug Benson as Bane[20]
David Burrows as Anchorman Phil, Mr. Freeze
Matt Villa as Killer Croc
John Venzon as Penguin
Laura Kightlinger as Reporter Pippa, Orca
Todd Hansen as Captain Dale
Chris McKay as Pilot Bill
Richard Cheese as Himself (archive recording)
Channing Tatum as Superman[20]
Ellie Kemper as Phyllis[17]
Jonah Hill as Hal Jordan / Green Lantern[20]
Adam DeVine as Barry Allen / Flash[20]
Brent Musburger as Reporter #1
Ralph Garman as Reporter #2
Chris Hardwick as Reporter #3[21]
Production[edit]
Chris McKay, the animation supervisor on The Lego Movie, director of The Lego Batman Movie.[22]
After the success of The Lego Movie, Warner Bros. gave the green light to further multiple Lego movies being produced, including The Lego Batman Movie; Chris McKay, who co-directed The Lego Movie, was brought on board to direct the film, marking this as his solo directorial debut.[23] In an interview about his work on the film, McKay stated that working on the film was "a very mixed blessing" owing partly to the film's hectic time schedule for its production, remarking that the two and half years allocated to the film made it difficult to fit in everything that he wanted for the movie, considering his earlier work on The Lego Movie.[23][24] His work on The Lego Batman Movie was influenced by the comedy portrayed in both The Naked Gun and Airplane! film series, with his pitch for the film to the studios being described as like "Jerry Maguire as directed by Michael Mann".[24] His proposal to combine all the Batman eras featured in the comic book series and various media formats, including movies and comic series, despite a couple of issues - the total inconsistency inherent to such a task, and Lego rejecting some of the characters he proposed to include in the film - was based on his desire of how to portray Robin within the film's setting. In an interview regarding his version of the superhero duo, McKay stated:[24]
"I was thinking that we were basically taking the Burt Ward Robin and sticking him in the Batmobile with the Zack Snyder/Ben Affleck Batman, or the Frank Miller Batman. And putting these two different energies together. Somebody who’s like the grumpiest, dark grittiest, broodiest Batman with the most positive, indefatigable kid."
The film was announced in October 2014, along with news that Will Arnett would be reprising his role as Batman,[22] and later in the month Animal Logic, who had worked on The Lego Movie, were in talks to produce additional movies in the franchise, including The Lego Batman Movie. [25] On July 16, 2015, The Hollywood Reporter reported that Arnett's Arrested Development co-star Michael Cera was set to voice Robin, while Dan Lin, Roy Lee, Phil Lord and Christopher Miller were announced as producers.[10] Additional casting announcements were made over the course of the year: Zach Galifianakis was revealed to be assigned the role of Joker, on August 12;[9] the signing on of Rosario Dawson to voice Barbara Gordon, was announced on October 16;[11] and the casting of Ralph Fiennes as the voice of Alfred Pennyworth, on November 3.[12] On November 9, 2015, Deadline.com incorrectly reported that Mariah Carey, who had been hired as part of the film's cast, would be voicing Commissioner Gordon; The Hollywood Reporter later revealed this to be falsely claimed, stating that she was instead voicing the character of Mayor McCaskill.[15][26] In July 2016, it was revealed Jenny Slate would voice Harley Quinn in the movie,[13] while later that year on November 30, it was announced that Billy Dee Williams would reprise his role of Harvey Dent from Tim Burton's Batman film.[18] On February 2, 2017, one week before the film's release, it was revealed that Héctor Elizondo was voicing Commissioner Gordon,[14] while on February 3, it was announced that Conan O'Brien, Riki Lindhome, and Zoë Kravitz, were amongst a number of actors hired into the cast to round out the voices for the various villians included in the film.[27]
Batman and pop culture references[edit]
As part of its production, the movie was designed to make numerous references to previous Batman movies, cartoons and comics. These include: the 1940s Batman serials; the films Batman (1966), Batman (1989), Batman Returns (1992), Batman Forever (1995), Batman & Robin (1997), Batman Begins (2005), The Dark Knight (2008), The Dark Knight Rises (2012), Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016), and Suicide Squad (2016); the television shows Batman (1960s), Batman: The Animated Series (1990s), Batman Beyond (2000s), and The Batman (2000s); and the comics Detective Comics #27 (Batman's introductory story), The Dark Knight Returns, and Gotham by Gaslight.[28] Other references include previous costumes worn by Batman and Robin, and the various Batmobiles used. In most cases, their appearances in the movie are done in a Lego style, with the exception being footage from a live-action shot of Adam West's depiction of Batman in the 1960s Batman show and a picture of Batman's suit from Batman and Robin. Climactic events from past Batman films including the Joker have been mentioned, including "the one with the parade and the Prince music" (1989's Batman) and "the two boats" (The Dark Knight).[28]
Alongside Joker, the main antagonist of the film's story, and Superman, who features heavily and has notable links to the Christopher Reeve films Superman (1978) and its sequel Superman II (1980), many other DC characters, both villains associated with Batman and other DC superheroes, feature in the film. The film's villains who have been featured in Batman comics, films and cartoons include: Penguin; Man-Bat; Captain Boomerang; Egghead; Crazy Quilt; Eraser; Polka-Dot Man; Mime; Tarantula; King Tut, from the 1960s series; Killer Moth; March Harriet; Zodiac Master; the Mutant Leader from The Dark Knight Returns; Doctor Phosphorus; Magpie; Calculator; Hugo Strange; an unidentified version of Red Hood; the Kabuki Twins from The Batman; Gentleman Ghost; Clock King; Calendar Man; Kite Man; Catman; Zebra-Man; and a variation of Condiment King from Batman: The Animated Series.[28] The other DC heroes who feature, both from the Justice League and Super Friends, include: Wonder Woman; Aquaman; Cyborg; Green Arrow; Black Canary; Hawkman; Hawkgirl; Martian Manhunter; Apache Chief; Black Vulcan; El Dorado; Samurai; Wonder Dog; the Wonder Twins; and Gleek. Although not part of the DC franchise, Iron Man from Marvel Comics is referenced in the movie as part of a small joke about Batman's password for entering the Batcave in reference to the famous rivalry between DC and Marvel.[28]
The film also features characters from other notable franchises and movie series, with them following the same narrative of The Lego Movie in that they came from worlds that co-exist alongside others of the Lego Universe, which are made up of Lego playsets of the various media franchises. These additional characters include: Medusa; the Creature from the Black Lagoon; Dracula; King Kong; the Daleks from Doctor Who; the Wicked Witch of the West and her flying monkeys from The Wizard of Oz; the Kraken from Clash of the Titans; Agent Smith and his clones from The Matrix; the great white shark from Jaws; Voldemort from Harry Potter; the Eye of Sauron from The Lord of the Rings; the Tyrannosaurus and Velociraptors from Jurassic Park; and the Gremlins.[28][29] The way in which the Gremlins attack a plane references The Twilight Zone episode "Nightmare at 20,000 Feet".[30]
The film also includes Batman watching the scene from Jerry Maguire where Tom Cruise says "You complete me"; this line had previously been quoted by The Joker in The Dark Knight.[28] When Batman discusses possible team names, he mentions "Fox Force Five," which was the name of a failed television pilot mentioned in Pulp Fiction.[31] The film's use of Cutting Crew's "(I Just) Died in Your Arms" is a nod to the romantic comedy Never Been Kissed.[31] The film's other references include Gleaming the Cube and Gymkata.[30]
Soundtrack[edit]
The Lego Batman Movie: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
Soundtrack album by Lorne Balfe, various artists
Released
February 3, 2017
Recorded
2016
Trackdown Studios (Sydney)
Genre
Film soundtrack, film score
Label
WaterTower Music
Lorne Balfe chronology
Skylanders Imaginators
(2016)Skylanders Imaginators2016 The Lego Batman Movie
(2017) Ghost in the Shell
(2017)Ghost in the Shell2017
The film's original score was composed by Lorne Balfe and features Red Hot Chili Peppers' drummer Chad Smith.[32][33] The soundtrack was released on February 3, 2017, on CD and for digital download, while the vinyl version was released on May 19, 2017.[citation needed]
Track listing
Disc 1
No.
Title
Performer(s)
Length
1. "Who's the (Bat) Man" Patrick Stump 3:04
2. "Forever" DNCE 3:49
3. "(I Just) Died in Your Arms" Cutting Crew 4:36
4. "Invincible" Kirsten Arian 2:59
5. "One" Harry Nilsson 2:22
6. "Heroes (We Could Be)" (Hard Rock Sofa and Skidka Remix) Alesso feat. Tove Lo 6:35
7. "Man in the Mirror" Alex Aiono 3:48
8. "Friends Are Family" Oh, Hush! feat. Will Arnett and Jeff Lewis 2:25
9. "I Found You" Fraser Murray 3:34
10. "Forever" Justin Tranter 3:49
11. "Man in the Mirror" Richard Cheese & Lounge Against the Machine 1:49
12. "Everything Is Awesome" Richard Cheese & Lounge Against the Machine 2:03
Disc 2
No.
Title
Performer(s)
Length
1. "Black" Lorne Balfe 7:32
2. "Your Greatest Enemy" Lorne Balfe 2:42
3. "The Arrival of Robin" Lorne Balfe 2:52
4. "Joker Crashes the Party" Lorne Balfe 1:33
5. "No Seat Belts Required" Lorne Balfe 2:18
6. "To Cage the Joker" Lorne Balfe 1:59
7. "The Phantom Zone" Lorne Balfe 3:37
8. "Open for Business" Lorne Balfe 1:09
9. "Chaos in Gotham" Lorne Balfe 3:20
10. "Lava Attack" Lorne Balfe 7:40
11. "For Your Own Good" Lorne Balfe 1:45
12. "Joker Manor" Lorne Balfe 2:29
13. "Batman's in the Zone" Lorne Balfe 4:40
14. "The Babs Signal" Lorne Balfe 2:25
15. "Battle Royale" Lorne Balfe 4:54
16. "A Long Farewell" Lorne Balfe 2:49
Release[edit]
The film's main premiere was conducted in Dublin, Ireland on January 29, 2017,[4] whereupon it went into general release from 8 February; it was released in Denmark on 9 February, and in the United States the day after.[34] Its overall release saw movie theatres displaying the film in 3D, RealD 3D, Dolby Cinema and IMAX, though the latter format was restricted to 2D for North America, while international countries were able to view it in IMAX 3D.[35]
Marketing[edit]
Will Arnett promoting the film at the 2016 San Diego Comic-Con.
The first teaser trailer for The Lego Batman Movie was released on March 24, 2016, and features the song "Black and Yellow" by Wiz Khalifa.[36] It was attached to showings of Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice in theatres. A second teaser trailer was released on March 28, 2016, and features references to all live action iterations of Batman, from the 1960's Batman TV series to Batman v Superman. A third trailer was released on July 23, 2016.[37] A fourth trailer was released on November 4, 2016.[38][39] A Story Pack for the toys-to-life video game Lego Dimensions based on The Lego Batman Movie was released on February 10, 2017, alongside the film. The pack adds a six-level story campaign adapting the events of the film, and includes playable figures of Robin and Batgirl, a driveable Batwing, and a constructible gateway model based on the Batcomputer. A Fun Pack including Excalibur Batman and his Bionic Steed was also released the same day.[40]
On January 14, 2017, at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Chevrolet unveiled a life-sized Lego Batmobile inspired by the design featured in the film, constructed from around 350,000 Lego pieces. As a related promotion, a Bat-Signal (alternating between Batman's emblem and the Chevrolet logo) was projected on the Renaissance Center over the weekend, and Chevrolet released a new television commercial tying into the film, featuring the Batmobile as a crossover with its ongoing "Real People, Not Actors" campaign.[41][42]
Warner Bros. released several promotional tie-ins on the week of the movie's release. LEGO billboard versions of several TV shows were shown outside of the studio lot, that took 300 hours to make out of 10,000 bricks.[43] The Big Bang Theory included a LEGO version of the opening sequence in the episode "The Locomotion Reverberation" that first aired on CBS. In addition, the network aired two LEGO commercials featuring Batman and the cast.[44]
The CW featured LEGO end cards for Supergirl, The Flash, DC's Legends of Tomorrow and Arrow respectively on the week of the movie's release. All four DC shows also include a special variant of the Berlanti Productions logo that featured Batman's cameo and a new recording from Greg Berlanti's real-life father who says "Batman move your head" instead of the usual "Greg move your head". In addition, the network aired two commercials where Batman interacts with the characters from each show.[45]
Home media[edit]
The Lego Batman Movie was released on Digital HD on May 19, 2017. The release included the theatrical short film The Master: A Lego Ninjago Short, as well as four new short films: Dark Hoser, Batman is Just Not That Into You, Cooking with Alfred and Movie Sound Effects: How Do They Do That?.[46] The Lego Batman Movie was released on DVD, Blu-ray (2D and 3D), and Ultra HD Blu-ray by Warner Bros. Home Entertainment on June 13, 2017.[46] The film debuted at No. 3 on the NPD VideoScan overall disc sales chart.[47]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
The Lego Batman Movie grossed $175.8 million in the United States and Canada and $136 million in other territories for a worldwide gross of $311.8 million, against a production budget of $80 million.[7]
In the United States and Canada, The Lego Batman Movie opened alongside two other sequels, Fifty Shades Darker and John Wick: Chapter 2, and was projected to gross around $60 million in its opening weekend.[48] It earned $2.2 million from Thursday night previews and $15 million on Friday.[49] It went on to open with $53 million, finishing first at the box office.[50] In its second weekend, the film grossed $32.7 million (a drop of 38.4%), again topping the box office;[51][52] with the additional President's Day holiday on Monday, it made a total of $42.7 million for the weekend.[53] In its third weekend of release, the film dropped to second at the box office, behind newcomer Get Out, grossing $19.2 million (a drop of 41.2%).[54]
Outside North America the film was simultaneously released in 61 countries, and was expected to gross around $40 million over its first three days.[48] It ended up grossing $37 million in its opening weekend, including $9.3 million in the United Kingdom, $2.6 million in Mexico, $2.3 million in Germany and $2.2 million in Russia.[55]
Critical response[edit]
On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 91% based on 255 reviews, with an average rating of 7.5/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "The Lego Batman Movie continues its block-buster franchise's winning streak with another round of dizzyingly funny – and beautifully animated – family-friendly mayhem."[56] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 75 out of 100, based on 48 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[57] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A–" on an A+ to F scale.[58]
Mike Ryan of Uproxx gave the film a positive review, praising its comedy, and saying: "The LEGO Batman Movie isn’t the same experience as watching The LEGO Movie, but I also don’t think it's trying to be. It’s trying to be a fun superhero movie with clever callbacks to previous Batman films (every single Batman movie all the way back to the 1940s serials are referenced) that can, at least, provide DC superhero fans with a taste of fun amidst all the doom and gloom. (That can either be a reference to 'the real world' or the current DC Cinematic Universe films, you can choose either one you want or both.) And at that, The LEGO Batman Movie succeeds."[59] Chris Nashawaty of Entertainment Weekly gave the film a "B+" and wrote, "LEGO Batman revs so fast and moves so frenetically that it becomes a little exhausting by the end. It flirts with being too much of a good thing. But rarely has corporate brainwashing been so much fun and gone down with such a delightful aftertaste."[60] Justin Chang of the Los Angeles Times was positive in his review, saying, "In its best moments, this gag-a-minute Bat-roast serves as a reminder that, in the right hands, a sharp comic scalpel can be an instrument of revelation as well as ridicule."[61] Michael O'Sullivan of The Washington Post praised the film for its heart, humor and action which, "snap together, with a satisfying click."[62]
Accolades[edit]
List of Accolades
Award / Film Festival
Category
Recipient(s)
Result
Golden Trailer Awards 2017[63] Best Animation/Family The Lego Batman Movie Won
Most Original Trailer Nominated
Heartland Film Festival 2017[64] Truly Moving Picture Award Chris McKay Won
2017 MTV Movie & TV Awards[65] Best Comedic Performance Will Arnett Nominated
2017 Teen Choice Awards[66] Choice Movie: Comedy Actor Will Arnett
References[edit]
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^ Jump up to: a b c "Awesome! Win a family pass to LEGO® Batman premiere". Raidió Teilifís Éireann. January 23, 2017. Retrieved February 4, 2017.
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^ Jump up to: a b Kit, Borys (August 12, 2015). "'Lego Batman' Movie Finds Its Joker (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 16, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Kit, Borys (July 16, 2015). "Michael Cera to Voice Robin in 'Lego Batman' (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved July 16, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Kit, Borys (October 16, 2015). "'Lego Batman' Finds Its Batgirl (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved October 17, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b McNary, Dave (November 3, 2015). "‘Lego Batman’ Casts Ralph Fiennes as Alfred". Variety. Retrieved November 10, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Animation's secret weapon: The 'Secret Life of Pets' voice all-star Jenny Slate". LA Times. July 8, 2016. Retrieved January 31, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "LEGO Batman Movie "Jim Gordon" Interview - Hector Elizondo". Flicks And The City Clips. February 1, 2017. Retrieved February 2, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Galuppo, Mia (November 9, 2015). "Mariah Carey Joins 'The Lego Batman Movie'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved November 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Nouveaux sets The LEGO Batman Movie : les visuels officiels". Brick Heroes. November 13, 2016. Retrieved January 31, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Donn, Emily (February 3, 2017). "The LEGO Batman Movie Villain Voice Actors Revealed". Screen Rant. Retrieved February 3, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Billy Dee Williams on Secret 'Star Wars' Lunch with Donald Glover and Finally Playing Two-Face". Hollywood Reporter. February 2, 2017. Retrieved February 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Watch: The LEGO Batman Movie Cribs Segment Tours LEGO Wayne Manor". Slashfilm. February 2, 2017. Retrieved February 3, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i "Full Voice Cast for ‘The LEGO Batman Movie’ Includes Some Big Surprises". Collider. February 3, 2017. Retrieved February 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ Anderson, Jenna (January 31, 2017). "Chris Hardwick Did Voice Work In The Lego Batman Movie". Comic book.com. Retrieved January 31, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Kit, Borys (October 10, 2014). "'Lego Batman' Spinoff Movie in the Works at Warner Bros.". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved October 11, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Kaye, Don. "Lego Batman Director Chris McKay on Making the Jerry Maguire of Batman Movies". Denofgeek. Retrieved 7 August 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Failes, Ian. "Q&A: Chris McKay Goes Full Caped Crusader on ‘The Lego Batman Movie’". Cartoonbrew. Retrieved 7 August 2017.
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Jump up ^ Goldberg, Matt (2017-02-03). "The LEGO Batman Movie Voices Include Fun Surprises". Collider. Retrieved 2017-02-16.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Yehl, Joshua (February 14, 2017). "The Lego Batman Movie Easter Eggs and References". IGN. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
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^ Jump up to: a b O'Donnell, S. C. (February 17, 2017). "Holy References Batman! The 15 Best Easter Eggs In 'The Lego Batman Movie". Moviepilot. Retrieved February 24, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Crow, David (February 17, 2017). "The Lego Batman Movie References and Easter Egg Guide". Den of Geek. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ McCue, Michelle (February 11, 2017). "Lorne Balfe’s Score For The Lego® Batman Movie Available February 3 On CD/Digital". Variety. Retrieved February 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ Smith, Chad (2017-02-10). "Honored to be on my first music score! Thanks @Lornebalfe". Twitter. Retrieved 2017-02-16.
Jump up ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt4116284/releaseinfo
Jump up ^ "IMAX and Warner Bros. Extend Deal to Include 12 More Films". ComingSoon.net. October 19, 2016. Retrieved October 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ Snetiker, Marc (March 24, 2016). "The Lego Batman Movie trailer drops the mic (and reheats some leftovers)". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
Jump up ^ The LEGO Batman Movie - Wayne Manor Teaser Trailer [HD] on YouTube
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Jump up ^ Dave McNary (November 7, 2016). "'Wonder Woman' Dominates Social Media Buzz, Thanks to Trailer". variety.com. Retrieved November 8, 2016. after releasing a new trailer on Nov. 4.
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^ Jump up to: a b Perry, Spencer (April 11, 2017). "The LEGO Batman Movie DVD and Blu-Ray Set for June Release". ComingSoon.net. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
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External links[edit]
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