text:
The Middle (Jimmy Eat World song)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For the DJ Snake song, see Middle (DJ Snake song).
For the Zedd, Maren Morris and Grey song, see The Middle (Zedd, Maren Morris and Grey song).
"The Middle"
Single by Jimmy Eat World
from the album Bleed American
B-side
"A Praise Chorus" (Radio 1 Session) (7")
Released
November 5, 2001
Format
7"
CD
Genre
Alternative rock[1]
pop punk[2]
power pop[3]
Length
2:46
Label
DreamWorks
Songwriter(s)
Jimmy Eat World
Producer(s)
Jimmy Eat World
Mark Trombino
Jimmy Eat World singles chronology
"Bleed American"
(2001) "The Middle"
(2001) "Sweetness"
(2002)
"The Middle" is a song by American rock band Jimmy Eat World. It was released in November 2001 as the second single of their fourth album Bleed American. It was a top five Billboard Hot 100 hit in 2002. The song was a breakthrough hit for Jimmy Eat World (who had self-financed the recording of the Bleed American album after having been dropped by Capitol Records in 1999).
Contents
1 Background and composition
2 Release and reception
3 Music video
4 Usage in media
5 Track listing
6 Charts
6.1 Weekly charts
6.2 Year-end charts
7 References
8 External links
Background and composition[edit]
"The Middle" was written after Jimmy Eat World had been dropped from Capitol Records after their previous album Clarity had been released. Their second album Static Prevails had sold just 10,000 copies in 1996 and Capitol Records decided to drop the band in 1999 due to a change in priorities. Singer/guitarist Jim Adkins explained to the Dallas Observer: "We were just about invisible there and it wasn't going to get any better."[4]
"The Middle" reflects these trying times for the band with lyrics about "Don't write yourself off yet" when feeling "left out or looked down on."[5] The band decided to finance the recording of the album and decided to keep things simple on the new record rather than experiment, as they had done on previous records. "On our new stuff, rather than challenging ourselves [by] getting real experimental, we kind of went in the other direction, challenging ourselves by getting very simple."[4]
Once completed, Jimmy Eat World took Bleed American to record companies and was signed to DreamWorks Records. Bleed American was released in the middle of 2001 with the title track as the lead single. However, following the September 11 attacks the album's title was changed to Jimmy Eat World and the lead single failed to win airplay, although it reached the top 20 of the Billboard Hot Modern Rock Tracks.
Release and reception[edit]
When "The Middle" was released, the success of the album and the band was dependent on the single breaking through. By early 2002, the song had reached the top of the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart. The song then crossed over to Top 40 radio, resulting in it reaching a peak of #5 on the Billboard Hot 100.[6] The song also charted in the UK, reaching a peak of #26 in 2002.[7] The band toured extensively behind the album, touring with Weezer, Tenacious D, Green Day, Blink-182, and the Vans Warped Tour as well as the band's own headlining tour. "The Middle" was the most commercially successful single released from Bleed American.[6]
Pitchfork Media named the track #165 on its list of the top 500 tracks of the 2000s. Reviewer Mark Richardson wrote of the track: "And if your band delivers that message of hope with the kind of power-pop chorus hook that gives the best couple of Weezer songs a run for their money, you've accomplished something."[8]
In 2012, The A.V. Club published an article entitled, "How Jimmy Eat World's 'The Middle' Became the Best Song for a Bad Time", with Jason Heller noting, "'The Middle' wasn't a sellout. It was a return to form, one made by a band that had a lot more wisdom, scars, and songwriting talent than it did seven years prior—and a band that was in a position where do or die looked like the only options."[9]
Music video[edit]
The song's video (directed by Paul Fedor) featuring young people in underwear received plenty of play on MTV, especially on Total Request Live.
The music video features a fully clothed teenage boy (Josh Keleher) who attends a pool party at which Jimmy Eat World is playing, only to find everyone, except the band, in their underwear. Much of the crowd is making out, but the boy is excluded. Finally, out of frustration, he starts to strip to be like the others, only to bump into a teenage girl doing the same thing in the closet he is in. The kids keep their clothes on and leave the party, arms around each other, as the song concludes.
Usage in media[edit]
The track is featured in the videogames Rock Band 2, Guitar Hero On Tour: Decades and Guitar Hero World Tour[10] in addition to the TV show The Blacklist.
Singer Taylor Swift lip-synched the song in an Apple Music commercial that debuted on April 18, 2016.[11]
The song was used in the TV show The Middle's pilot episode.[12]
Track listing[edit]
7-inch single
"The Middle"
"A Praise Chorus" (Radio 1 Session)
AUS CD
"The Middle"
"No Sensitivity"
"The Middle" (early demo)
"The Middle" (video)
UK CD
"The Middle"
"If You Don't, Don't" (acoustic) (XFM session)
"Game of Pricks" (Guided by Voices cover) (Radio 1 Session)
"The Middle" (video)
The Middle/A Praise Chorus AUS Tour EP
"The Middle"
"A Praise Chorus" (album version)
"Bleed American" (live from the 9:30 Club, Washington DC 6/4/02)
"Firestarter" (The Prodigy cover)
"The Middle" (acoustic)
Charts[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (2001–03)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[13] 49
Brazilian Singles Chart (ABPD)[14] 31
France (SNEP)[15] 98
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[16] 92
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[17] 28
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[18] 26
US Billboard Hot 100[19] 5
US Adult Top 40 (Billboard)[20] 2
US Alternative Songs (Billboard)[21] 1
US Mainstream Rock (Billboard)[22] 39
US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)[23] 4
US Billboard Top 40 Tracks 5
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (2002)
Position
U.S. Billboard Hot 100[24] 14
U.S. Billboard Modern Rock Tracks 3
References[edit]
Specific references
Jump up ^ "Live Review: Jimmy Eat World + Panic! At The Disco + Alkaline Trio - The Hi-Fi, Sydney (24.02.14) - the AU review". the AU review. Retrieved July 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Top 10 Albums & Singles of 2002 - Feature - Slant Magazine". Slant Magazine. Retrieved July 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The 100 Best Singles of the Aughts - Feature - Slant Magazine". Slant Magazine. Retrieved July 19, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Jim Adkins interview with Dallas Observer replayed in Contemporary Musicians 2002 Galenet
Jump up ^ Lyrics Archived October 19, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. at Jimmy Eat World's website
^ Jump up to: a b Bleed American - Jimmy Eat World. AllMusic. Retrieved July 23, 2011.
Jump up ^ JIMMY EAT WORLD - THE OFFICIAL CHARTS COMPANY. theofficialcharts.com. Retrieved July 23, 2011.
Jump up ^ Pitchfork Staff. The Top 500 Tracks of the 2000s: 200-101. Pitchfork Media. August 18, 2009. Retrieved July 23, 2011.
Jump up ^ Heller, Jason. "How Jimmy Eat World's "The Middle" became the best song for a bad time". avclub.com. Retrieved September 6, 2012.
Jump up ^ The Middle By Jimmy Eat World Archived November 2, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.. Rockband.com. Retrieved July 23, 2011.
Jump up ^ Taylor Mic Drop. YouTube. 18 April 2016.
Jump up ^ . 14 August 2017 https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1454347/. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "Australian-charts.com – Jimmy Eat World – The Middle". ARIA Top 50 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Brazil" (PDF). ABPD. October 6, 2001. Retrieved April 1, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Lescharts.com – Jimmy Eat World – The Middle" (in French). Les classement single.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Jimmy Eat World – The Middle" (in Dutch). Single Top 100.
Jump up ^ "Charts.nz – Jimmy Eat World – The Middle". Top 40 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved June 17, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Jimmy Eat World Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved June 17, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Jimmy Eat World Chart History (Adult Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved June 17, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Jimmy Eat World Chart History (Alternative Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved June 17, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Jimmy Eat World Chart History (Mainstream Rock)". Billboard. Retrieved June 17, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Jimmy Eat World Chart History (Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved June 17, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Billboard Top 100 - 2002". Archived from the original on March 4, 2009. Retrieved 2010-08-31.
Other sources
Contemporary Musicians 2002 article on Jimmy Eat World. Gale.
Entertainment Weekly, June 21, 2002.
Review of Futures. Spin, November 2004.
Vanderhoff, Mark. Review of Bleed American. Allmusic.
External links[edit]
"The Middle" at Discogs (list of releases)
The Middle official music video on YouTube
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Jimmy Eat World
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Shaka era
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This is about the historical calendar era. For the "Śaka calendar" of 1957, see Indian national calendar.
A silver coin of the Western Satrap ruler Rudrasena I (200-222). This coin bears a date of the Śaka era in the Brahmi script on the reverse: Shaka era 131 (corresponding to AD 209). 16mm, 2.2 grams.
Mohar of Gorkhali king Prithvi Narayan Shah dated Shaka era 1685 (AD 1763)
The Shaka era (IAST: Śaka era) is a historical calendar era, corresponding to Julian year 78. It is also known as Shalivahana Śaka era or rtgs: Mahasakkarat "Greater Era").
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Usage
3 In literature
4 See also
5 References
5.1 Citations
5.2 Sources
History[edit]
The origin of the Shaka era is highly controversial.[1] There are two Shaka era system in scholarly use, one is called Old Shaka Era, whose epoch is uncertain, probably sometime in the 1st millennium BCE because ancient Buddhist, Jaina and Hindu inscriptions and texts use it, but this a subject of dispute among scholars. The other is called Saka Era of 78 AD, or simply Saka Era, a system that is common in epigraphic evidence from southern India. A parallel northern India system is the Vikrama Era, which is related to the Bikrami calendar linked to Vikramaditya.[2]
The beginning of the Shaka era is now widely equated to the ascension of king Chashtana in 78 CE.[3] His inscriptions, dated to the years 11 and 52, have been found at Andhau in Kutch region. These years are interpreted as Shaka years 11 (89 CE) and 52 (130 CE).[4]
A previously more common view was that the beginning of the Shaka era corresponds to the ascension of Kanishka I in 78 CE.[1] However, the latest research by Henry Falk indicates that Kanishka ascended the throne in 127 CE.[5] Moreover, Kanishka was not a Shaka, but a Kushana ruler.[6] Other historical candidates have included rulers such as Vima Kadphises, Vonones, and Nahapana.[6]
According to historian Dineshchandra Sircar, the historically inaccurate notion of "Shalivahana era" appears to be based on the victory of the Satavahana ruler Gautamiputra Satakarni over some Shaka (Western Kshatrapa) kings. Sircar also suggests that the association of the northern king Vikramaditya with Vikrama era (also historically inaccurate) might have led the southern scholars to fabricate a similar legend of their own.[7] Another similar account claims that the legendary emperor Vikramaditya defeated the Shakas in 78 CE, and the Shaka era marks the day of this conquest. This legend has been mentioned in the writings of Brahmagupta (7th century CE), Al-Biruni (973-1048 CE), and others. However, this is an obvious fabrication.[1] Over time, the word "Shaka" became generic, and came to be mean "an era"; the era thus came to be known as "Shalivahana Shaka".[8]
Usage[edit]
The earliest known users of the era are the Western Satraps, the Shaka (Indo-Scythian) rulers of Ujjain. From the reign of Rudrasimha I (178–197), they recorded the date of minting of their coins in the Shaka era, usually written on the obverse behind the king's head in Brahmi numerals.[9]
The use of the calendar era survived into the Gupta period and became part of Hindu tradition following the decline of Buddhism in India. It was in widespread use by the 6th to 7th centuries, e.g. in the works of Varāhamihira and Brahmagupta, and by the 7th century also appears in epigraphy in Hindu Southeast Asia.
The calendar era remained in use in India and Southeast Asia throughout the medieval period, the main alternative era in traditional Hindu timekeeping being the Vikram Samvat era (56 BC). It was used by Javanese courts until 1633, when it was replaced by Anno Javanico, a hybrid Javanese-Islamic system.[10] It was adopted as the era of the Indian national calendar (also known as "Śaka calendar") in 1957.
The Shaka era is the vernal equinox of the year AD 78. The year of the modern Shaka Calendar is tied to the Gregorian date of 22 March every year, except in Gregorian leap years when it starts on 21 March.
In literature[edit]
According to Vicarasreni of Merutunga, Saka era began in 78 AD.[11]
See also[edit]
Vikram Samvat
Indian national calendar
References[edit]
Citations[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Richard Salomon (1998). Indian Epigraphy : A Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the other Indo-Aryan Languages. Oxford University Press. pp. 182–184. ISBN 9780195356663.
Jump up ^ Richard Salomon (1998). Indian Epigraphy: A Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the other Indo-Aryan Languages. Oxford University Press. pp. 181–183. ISBN 978-0-19-535666-3.
Jump up ^ Shailendra Bhandare (2006). "Numismatics and History: The Maurya-Gupta interlude in the Gangetic Plains". In Patrick Olivelle. Between the Empires : Society in India 300 BCE to 400 CE: Society in India 300 BCE to 400 CE. Oxford University Press. p. 69. ISBN 9780199775071.
Jump up ^ Adalbert J. Gail; Gerd J. R. Mevissen; Richard Salomon, eds. (2006). Script and Image: Papers on Art and Epigraphy. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 193.
Jump up ^ Ladislav Stančo (2012). Greek Gods in the East. Karolinum Press. p. 18.
^ Jump up to: a b Krishna Chandra Sagar (1992). Foreign Influence on Ancient India. Northern Book Centre. pp. 135–136. ISBN 9788172110284.
Jump up ^ D. C. Sircar (1965). Indian Epigraphy. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 262–266.
Jump up ^ P. V. Jagadisa Ayyar (1982). South Indian Shrines: Illustrated. Asian Educational Services. pp. 80–81. ISBN 978-81-206-0151-2.
Jump up ^ Rapson, "A Catalogue of Indian coins in the British Museum. Andhras etc." p. CCVIII
Jump up ^ Ricklefs, Merle Calvin (1993). A history of modern Indonesia since c. 1300 (2nd ed.). Stanford University Press and Macmillans. pp. 5 and 46. ISBN 9780804721950.
Jump up ^ Kailash Chand Jain 1991, p. 85.
Sources[edit]
Jain, Kailash Chand (1991), Lord Mahāvīra and His Times, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-0805-8
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