text:
Shikoku
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the island. For the dog breed, see Shikoku (dog). For the 1999 Japanese film, see Shikoku (film).
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2007) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Shikoku
Native name: 四国
The island of Shikoku, Japan
Geography
Location
East Asia
Archipelago
Japanese archipelago
Area
18,800 km2 (7,300 sq mi)
Area rank
50th
Length
225 km (139.8 mi)
Width
50–150 km (31–93 mi)
Highest elevation
1,982 m (6,503 ft)
Highest point
Mount Ishizuchi
Administration
Japan
Prefectures
Ehime
Kagawa
Kōchi
Tokushima
Largest settlement
Matsuyama (pop. 514,865[1])
Demographics
Population
3,845,534 (2015)
Pop. density
204.55 /km2 (529.78 /sq mi)
Ethnic groups
Japanese
Shikoku (四国, "four provinces") is the smallest (225 km or 139.8 mi long and between 50 and 150 km or 31.1 and 93.2 mi wide) and least populous (3.8 million as of 2015[update]) of the four main islands of Japan, located south of Honshu and east of the island of Kyushu. Its ancient names include Iyo-no-futana-shima (伊予之二名島), Iyo-shima (伊予島), and Futana-shima (二名島). The current name refers to the four former provinces that made up the island: Awa, Tosa, Sanuki, and Iyo.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Geography
2 Transportation
2.1 Air travel
3 Culture
3.1 Movements
3.2 Traditions
3.3 Food
3.4 Sports
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Geography[edit]
Shikoku island, comprising Shikoku and its surrounding islets, covers about 18,800 square kilometres (7,259 sq mi) and consists of four prefectures: Ehime, Kagawa, Kōchi, and Tokushima. Across the Inland Sea lie Wakayama, Osaka, Hyōgo, Okayama, Hiroshima, and Yamaguchi Prefectures on Honshu. To the west lie Ōita and Miyazaki Prefectures on Kyushu.
The 50th largest island by area in the world, Shikoku is smaller than Sardinia and Bananal, but larger than Halmahera and Seram. By population, it ranks 23rd, having fewer inhabitants than Sicily or Singapore, but more than Puerto Rico or Negros.
Mountains running east and west divide Shikoku into a narrow northern subregion, fronting on the Inland Sea, and a southern part facing the Pacific Ocean. The Hydrangea hirta species can be found in these mountain ranges. Most of the 3.8 million inhabitants live in the north, and all but one of the island's few larger cities are located there. Mount Ishizuchi (石鎚山) in Ehime at 1,982 m (6,503 ft) is the highest mountain on the island. Industry is moderately well developed and includes the processing of ores from the important Besshi copper mine. Land is used intensively. Wide alluvial areas, especially in the eastern part of the zone, are planted with rice and subsequently are double cropped with winter wheat and barley. Fruit is grown throughout the northern area in great variety, including citrus fruits, persimmons, peaches, and grapes. Because of wheat production Sanuki udon (讃岐うどん) became an important part of the diet in Kagawa Prefecture (former Sanuki Province) in the Edo period.
The larger southern area of Shikoku is mountainous and sparsely populated. The only significant lowland is a small alluvial plain at Kōchi, the prefectural capital. The area's mild winters stimulated some truck farming, specializing in growing out-of-season vegetables under plastic covering. Two crops of rice can be cultivated annually in the southern area. The pulp and paper industry took advantage of the abundant forests and hydroelectric power.
The major river in Shikoku is the Yoshino River. It runs 196 km (121.8 mi) from its source close to Mount Ishizuchi, flowing basically west to east across the northern boundaries of Kōchi and Tokushima Prefectures, reaching the sea at the city of Tokushima. The Yoshino is famous for Japan's best white-water rafting, with trips going along the Oboke Koboke sections of the river.
Shikoku has four important capes. Gamōda in Anan, Tokushima is the easternmost point on the island, and Sada in Ikata, Ehime the westernmost. Muroto in Muroto, Kōchi and Ashizuri, the southern extreme of Shikoku, in Tosashimizu, Kōchi, jut into the Pacific Ocean. The island's northernmost point is in Takamatsu, Kagawa.
Unlike the other three major islands of Japan, Shikoku has no volcanoes.[3]
Transportation[edit]
Kōchi Castle
Anraku-ji in Kamiita, Tokushima
Shikoku is connected to Honshu by three expressways, which together form the Honshū–Shikoku Bridge Project.
Kobe-Awaji-Naruto Expressway (Eastern Shikoku)
Seto-Chūō Expressway (Central Shikoku)
Nishiseto Expressway (Western Shikoku)
The eastern gateway to Shikoku, Naruto in Tokushima Prefecture has been linked to the Kobe-Awaji-Naruto Expressway since 1998. This line connects Shikoku to the Kansai area which has a large population, including the large conurbations of Osaka, Kyoto, and Kobe. Therefore, the Kobe-Awaji-Naruto Expressway carries a large traffic volume. Many highway buses are operated between Kansai and Tokushima Prefecture.
The central part of Shikoku is connected to Honshu by ferry, air, and – since 1988 – by the Great Seto Bridge network. Until completion of the bridges, the region was isolated from the rest of Japan. The freer movement between Honshuū and Shikoku was expected to promote economic development on both sides of the bridges, which has not materialized yet.
Within the island, a web of national highways connects the major population centers. These include Routes 11, 32, 33, 55, and 56.
The Shikoku Railway Company (JR Shikoku) serves the island and connects to Honshu via the Great Seto Bridge. JR lines include:
Yosan Line
Dosan Line
Kōtoku Line
Tokushima Line
Mugi Line
Naruto Line
Uchiko Line
Yodo Line
Honshi Bisan Line
Seto Ōhashi Line
Private railway lines operate in each of the four prefectures on Shikoku.
Air travel[edit]
Shikoku lacks a full international airport but has four regional/domestic airports (Tokushima Airport, Takamatsu Airport, Kōchi Ryōma Airport and Matsuyama Airport). All of these airports have flights to Tokyo and other major Japanese cities such as Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, and Fukuoka. International flights to Seoul, South Korea are serviced by Asiana Airlines from Matsuyama and Takamatsu. There are periodic international charter flights as well.
Ferries link Shikoku to destinations including Honshu, Kyūshu, and islands around Shikoku.
Culture[edit]
Movements[edit]
Pioneering natural farmer Masanobu Fukuoka, author of The One-Straw Revolution, developed his methods here on his family's farm.
Traditions[edit]
Shikoku is also famous for its 88-temple pilgrimage of temples associated with the priest Kūkai. Most modern-day pilgrims travel by bus, rarely choosing the old-fashioned method of going by foot. They are seen wearing white jackets emblazoned with the characters reading dōgyō ninin meaning "two traveling together".
Tokushima Prefecture also has its annual Awa Odori running in August at the time of the Obon festival, which attracts thousands of tourists each year from all over Japan and from abroad.
Kōchi Prefecture is home to the first annual Yosakoi festival. The largest festival in Kōchi, it takes place in August every year and attracts dancers and tourists from all over Japan.
Food[edit]
One of the major foods of Shikoku is udon.[4]Udon is often served hot as a noodle soup in its simplest form, as kake udon, in a mildly flavoured broth called kakejiru,which is made of dashi, soy sauce (shōyu), and mirin. It is usually topped with thinly chopped scallions. Other common toppings include tempura, often prawn or kakiage (a type of mixed tempura fritter), or aburaage, a type of deep-fried tofu pockets seasoned with sugar, mirin, and soy sauce. A thin slice of kamaboko, a halfmoon-shaped fish cake, is often added. Shichimi can be added to taste. Another is Kōchi's signature dish, seared bonito.
The warm climate of Shikoku lends itself to the cultivation of citrus fruits. As a result, yuzu, mikan and other citrus fruits are plentiful on Shikoku and have become synonymous with the regions they are grown in.
Sports[edit]
Historically no Shikoku-based sports team has competed in the top Japanese division of baseball, football (soccer) or even rugby union. Currently the major teams competing in Shikoku's major cities include:
Naruto, Tokushima: Tokushima Vortis (football, J. League Division 2), Tokushima Indigo Socks (baseball, Shikoku-Kyūshū Island League)
Matsuyama, Ehime: Ehime F.C. (J2), Ehime Mandarin Pirates (SKIL)
Takamatsu, Kagawa: Kamatamare Sanuki (JFL), Kagawa Olive Guyners (SKIL)
Kōchi, Kōchi: Kōchi Fighting Dogs (SKIL)
See also[edit]
Japan portal
Islands portal
Geography portal
Geography of Japan
Regions of Japan
Shikoku dialect
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://www.citypopulation.de/php/japan-admin.php?adm2id=38201
Jump up ^ "Shikoku and Awaji Island" (PDF). Japan National Tourism Organization. September 2011. Retrieved 2013-05-02.
Jump up ^ "Shikoku: Frommer's Guide from". Answers.com. Retrieved 2012-02-28.
Jump up ^ "tourism shikoku". tourism shikoku. Organization for Promotion of Tourism in Shikoku. Retrieved 2014-11-27.
This article incorporates public domain material from the Library of Congress Country Studies website http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/. – Japan
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Shikoku.
Look up shikoku in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Shikoku.
Kitaro Shikoku Peace Bell Project
[hide]
v
t
e
Regions and administrative divisions of Japan
Regions
Hokkaido
Tōhoku
Kantō
Nanpō Islands
Chūbu
Hokuriku
Kōshin'etsu
Shin'etsu
Tōkai
Kansai
Chūgoku
San'in
San'yō
Shikoku
Kyushu
Northern
Southern
Okinawa
47 Prefectures
Hokkaido
Hokkaido
Tōhoku
Aomori
Iwate
Miyagi
Akita
Yamagata
Fukushima
Kantō
Ibaraki
Tochigi
Gunma
Saitama
Chiba
Tokyo
Kanagawa
Chūbu
Niigata
Toyama
Ishikawa
Fukui
Yamanashi
Nagano
Gifu
Shizuoka
Aichi
Kansai
Mie
Shiga
Kyoto
Osaka
Hyōgo
Nara
Wakayama
Chūgoku
Tottori
Shimane
Okayama
Hiroshima
Yamaguchi
Shikoku
Tokushima
Kagawa
Ehime
Kōchi
Kyushu
Fukuoka
Saga
Nagasaki
Kumamoto
Ōita
Miyazaki
Kagoshima
Okinawa
Coordinates: 33°45′N 133°30′E / 33.750°N 133.500°E / 33.750; 133.500
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 257570635
GND: 4224753-6
NDL: 00635973
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shikoku&oldid=831275531"
Categories:
Shikoku region
Japanese archipelago
Islands of Ehime Prefecture
Islands of Kagawa Prefecture
Islands of Kōchi Prefecture
Islands of Tokushima Prefecture
Hidden categories:
Articles needing additional references from July 2007
All articles needing additional references
Articles containing Japanese-language text
Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015
All articles containing potentially dated statements
Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Library of Congress Country Studies
Coordinates on Wikidata
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Wikivoyage
Languages
Acèh
Afrikaans
العربية
Asturianu
Azərbaycanca
تۆرکجه
বাংলা
Bân-lâm-gú
Башҡортса
Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
Български
Bosanski
Brezhoneg
Català
Cebuano
Čeština
Cymraeg
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Frysk
Gaeilge
Gàidhlig
Galego
客家語/Hak-kâ-ngî
한국어
Hausa
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Hrvatski
Ilokano
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
Kapampangan
ქართული
Қазақша
Kiswahili
Latina
Latviešu
Lietuvių
Magyar
Македонски
മലയാളം
मराठी
მარგალური
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
پنجابی
ភាសាខ្មែរ
Tok Pisin
Polski
Português
Română
Runa Simi
Русский
Scots
Shqip
Simple English
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
کوردی
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Basa Sunda
Suomi
Svenska
Tagalog
தமிழ்
Татарча/tatarça
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
اردو
ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche
Tiếng Việt
文言
Winaray
吴语
粵語
Žemaitėška
中文
84 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 19 March 2018, at 19:05.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values:
/wiki/Shikoku_(dog)
mw-redirect
Shikoku (dog)

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

value: small

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values: plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update

values:
/wiki/K%C5%8Dchi,_K%C5%8Dchi
mw-redirect
Kōchi, Kōchi

values:
/wiki/Truck_farming
mw-redirect
Truck farming

values:
/wiki/Ikata,_Ehime
mw-redirect
Ikata, Ehime

values:
/wiki/Route_11_(Japan)
mw-redirect
Route 11 (Japan)

values:
/wiki/Route_32_(Japan)
mw-redirect
Route 32 (Japan)

values:
/wiki/Route_33_(Japan)
mw-redirect
Route 33 (Japan)

values:
/wiki/Route_55_(Japan)
mw-redirect
Route 55 (Japan)

values:
/wiki/Route_56_(Japan)
mw-redirect
Route 56 (Japan)

values:
/wiki/Honshi_Bisan_Line
mw-redirect
Honshi Bisan Line

values:
/wiki/Seto_%C5%8Chashi_Line
mw-redirect
Seto Ōhashi Line

values:
/wiki/Ryoma_Airport
mw-redirect
Ryoma Airport

values:
/wiki/Fukuoka,_Fukuoka
mw-redirect
Fukuoka, Fukuoka

values:
/wiki/The_One-Straw_Revolution
mw-redirect
The One-Straw Revolution

values:
/wiki/Japanese_baseball
mw-redirect
Japanese baseball

values:
/wiki/J._League_Division_2
mw-redirect
J. League Division 2

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values:
/wiki/Regions_of_Japan
mw-redirect
Regions of Japan

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.answers.com/topic/shikoku

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: Copyright status of work by the U.S. government

values:
nofollow
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/jptoc.html

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.domo.com/kitaro/kukai.php

values: Template:Regions and administrative divisions of Japan

values: Template talk:Regions and administrative divisions of Japan

values:
navbox-image
2
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values: width:1%;border-right: 4px solid #FF8585

values: width:1%;border-right: 4px solid #FFFB91

values: width:1%;border-right: 4px solid #79FF76

values: width:1%;border-right: 4px solid #8BFFE8

values: width:1%;border-right: 4px solid #7272FF

values: width:1%;border-right: 4px solid #FF9148

values: width:1%;border-right: 4px solid #D16EFF

values: width:1%;border-right: 4px solid #C5C5C5

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/257570635

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/4224753-6

values: Category:Islands of Tokushima Prefecture

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from July 2007

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Category:Articles containing Japanese-language text

values: Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015

values: Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements

values: Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Library of Congress Country Studies

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Shikoku
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values:
/w/index.php?title=Shikoku&action=edit
Edit this page [ctrl-alt-e]
e

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Achinese
ace
ace
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ace
display: none;

values:
https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjikokoe
Sjikokoe – Afrikaans
af
af
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-af
display: none;

values: شيكوكو – Arabic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ast
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-az
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-azb
display: none;

values: শিকোকু – Bangla

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan
display: none;

values: Сикоку – Bashkir

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ba
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be
display: none;

values: Сікоку – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values:
https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Bosnian
bs
bs
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bs
display: none;

values:
https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Breton
br
br
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-br
display: none;

values:
https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Catalan
ca
ca
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Cebuano
ceb
ceb
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Welsh
cy
cy
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cy
display: none;

values:
https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Danish
da
da
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-de
display: none;

values:
https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Estonian
et
et
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-et
display: none;

values: Σικόκου – Greek

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-el
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eo
display: none;

values:
https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Basque
eu
eu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values: شیکوکو – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – French
fr
fr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fy
display: none;

values:
https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Irish
ga
ga
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ga
display: none;

values:
https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Scottish Gaelic
gd
gd
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gd
display: none;

values:
https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Galician
gl
gl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values:
https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Hakka Chinese
hak
hak
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hak
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values:
https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Hausa
ha
ha
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ha
display: none;

values: Սիկոկու – Armenian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hy
display: none;

values: शिकोकू – Hindi

values:
https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Croatian
hr
hr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hr
display: none;

values:
https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Iloko
ilo
ilo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo
display: none;

values:
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Indonesian
id
id
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Italian
it
it
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: שיקוקו – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Pampanga
pam
pam
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pam
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ka
display: none;

values: Сикоку – Kazakh

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kk
display: none;

values:
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Swahili
sw
sw
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sw
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-la
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lv
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lt
display: none;

values:
https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikoku
Sikoku – Hungarian
hu
hu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ml
display: none;

values: शिकोकू – Marathi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mr
display: none;

values: სიკოკუ (რეგიონი) – Mingrelian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf
display: none;

values:
https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Malay
ms
ms
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Norwegian
no
no
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Norwegian Nynorsk
nn
nn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

values: ਸ਼ਿਕੋਕੂ – Punjabi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb
display: none;

values: តំបន់ស៊ីកុគឹ – Khmer

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-km
display: none;

values:
https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Tok Pisin
tpi
tpi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi
display: none;

values:
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikoku
Sikoku – Polish
pl
pl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pt
display: none;

values:
https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Romanian
ro
ro
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

values:
https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Quechua
qu
qu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-qu
display: none;

values: Сикоку – Russian

values:
https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Scots
sco
sco
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sco
display: none;

values:
https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Albanian
sq
sq
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sq
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb
display: none;

values: Шикоку – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values:
https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Serbo-Croatian
sh
sh
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

values:
https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Sundanese
su
su
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-su
display: none;

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values:
https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Tagalog
tl
tl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tl
display: none;

values: சிகொக்கு – Tamil

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ta
display: none;

values: Сикоку – Tatar

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tt
display: none;

values: เกาะชิโกะกุ – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values:
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Turkish
tr
tr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: شیکوکو – Urdu

values: شىكوكۇ – Uyghur

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ug
display: none;

values:
https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Vietnamese
vi
vi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values:
https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shikoku
Shikoku – Waray
war
war
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-war
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg
display: none;

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Shikoku rootpage-Shikoku skin-vector action-view


text:
Fluid ounce
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Fluid ounces" redirects here. For the band, see Fluid Ounces.
Fluid ounce
An example of a 2 fl.oz shot glass in British Imperial fluid ounces
Unit information
Unit system
Imperial units, US customary units
Unit of
Volume
Symbol
fl oz
Unit conversions (imperial)
1 imp fl oz in ... ... is equal to ...
SI units
28.41306 ml
US customary units
0.9607599 US fl oz
Unit conversions (US)
1 US fl oz in ... ... is equal to ...
SI units
29.57353 ml
Imperial units
1.040843 imp fl oz
Look up fluid ounce in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
A fluid ounce (abbreviated fl oz, fl. oz. or oz. fl., old forms ℥, fl ℥, f℥, ƒ ℥) is a unit of volume (also called capacity) typically used for measuring liquids. Various definitions have been used throughout history, but only two are still in common use: the British Imperial and the United States customary fluid ounce.
An imperial fluid ounce is 1⁄20 of an imperial pint, 1⁄160 of an imperial gallon or approximately 28.4 ml.
A US fluid ounce is 1⁄16 of a US fluid pint and 1⁄128 of a US liquid gallon or approximately 29.57 ml, making it about 4% larger than the imperial fluid ounce.
The fluid ounce is distinct from the ounce as a unit of weight or mass, although it is sometimes referred to simply as an "ounce" where context makes the meaning clear, such as ounces in a bottle.
History[edit]
The fluid ounce was originally the volume occupied by one ounce of some substance, such as wine (in England) or water (in Scotland). The ounce in question varied depending on the system of fluid measure, such as that used for wine versus ale. Various ounces were used over the centuries, including the Tower ounce, troy ounce, avoirdupois ounce, and various ounces used in international trade, such as Paris troy. The situation is further complicated by the medieval practice of "allowances", whereby a unit of measure was not necessarily equal to the sum of its parts. For example, the 364-pound woolsack (165 kg) had a 14-pound allowance (6.4 kg) for the weight of the sack and other packaging materials.[1]
In 1824, the British Parliament defined the imperial gallon as the volume of ten pounds of water at standard temperature.[2] The gallon was divided into four quarts, the quart into two pints, the pint into four gills, and the gill into five ounces. Thus, there were 160 imperial fluid ounces to the gallon making the mass of a fluid ounce of water approximately one avoirdupois ounce (28.4 g). This relationship is still approximately valid even though the imperial gallon's definition was later revised to be 4.54609 litres, making the imperial fluid ounce exactly 28.4130625 ml.
The US fluid ounce is based on the US gallon, which is based on the wine gallon of 231 cubic inches that was used in England prior to 1824. With the adoption of the international inch, the US fluid ounce became 29.5735295625 ml exactly, or about 4% larger than the imperial unit.
Definitions and equivalences[edit]
Imperial fluid ounce
1 imperial fluid ounce = 1⁄160 imperial gallon
= 1⁄40 imperial quart
= 1⁄20 imperial pint
= 1⁄5 imperial gill
= 8 imperial fluid drams
= 28.4130625 millilitres[3]
≈ 1.733871455 cubic inches
≈ 0.960759940 US fluid ounces
≈ the volume of 1 avoirdupois ounce of water[2]
US customary fluid ounce
1 US fluid ounce = 1⁄128 US gallon
= 1⁄32 US quart
= 1⁄16 US pint
= 1⁄8 US cup
= 1⁄4 US gill
= 2 US tablespoons
= 6 US teaspoons
= 8 US fluid drams
= 1.8046875 cubic inches[4]
= 29.5735295625 millilitres
≈ 1.040842731 imperial fluid ounces
US food labelling fluid ounce
US regulation 21 CFR 101.9(b)(5)(viii) also defines a fluid ounce as exactly 30 millilitres, but this is for use in nutrition labelling only.[5]
30 millilitres ≈ 1.055852392 imperial fluid ounces[3]
≈ 1.014420681 US customary fluid ounces[4]
≈ 1.830712323 cubic inches
References and notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Connor, R. D.; Simpson, Allen David Cumming; Morrison-Low, A. D.; National Museums of Scotland (2004). Weights and measures in Scotland: a European perspective. NMS. p. 153. ISBN 978-1-901663-88-4. Retrieved 21 September 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b The imperial gallon was originally defined as the volume occupied by ten avoirdupois pounds (4.54 kg) of distilled water weighed in air with brass weights with the barometer standing at 30 inches of mercury (102 kPa) at a temperature of 62 °F (16.7 °C).
^ Jump up to: a b "The Units of Measurement Regulations 1995 (Schedule)". 20 September 2000. Retrieved 18 April 2006.
^ Jump up to: a b One US gallon is defined as 231 cubic inches.
Jump up ^ "Food and Drug Administration, HHS" (PDF). Retrieved 18 April 2006.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fluid_ounce&oldid=820396046"
Categories:
Units of volume
Customary units of measurement in the United States
Imperial units
Alcohol measurement
Cooking weights and measures
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Deutsch
Eesti
Español
فارسی
Français
한국어
Italiano
Nederlands
日本語
Português
Română
Simple English
Suomi
Svenska
ไทย
6 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 14 January 2018, at 14:08.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href title

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: th

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/US_customary_units
mw-redirect
US customary units

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/US_liquid_gallon
mw-redirect
US liquid gallon

values:
/wiki/Avoirdupois_ounce
mw-redirect
Avoirdupois ounce

values: Edit section: Definitions and equivalences

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: Category:Customary units of measurement in the United States

values:
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
interface

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Fluid_ounce
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-et
display: none;

values: اونس سیال – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values: ออนซ์ (หน่วยปริมาตร) – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Fluid_ounce rootpage-Fluid_ounce skin-vector action-view