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List of states and territories of the United States
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"States of America" redirects here. For the sovereign states of the Americas, see List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Americas.
A map of the United States showing its 50 states and District of Columbia
The United States of America is a federal republic[1] consisting of 50 states, a federal district (Washington, D.C., the capital city of the United States), five major territories, and various minor islands.[2][3] The 48 contiguous states and Washington, D.C., are in central North America between Canada and Mexico; the two other states, Alaska and Hawaii, are in the northwestern part of North America and an archipelago in the mid-Pacific, respectively, while the territories are scattered throughout the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea.
States are the primary subdivisions of the United States, and possess a number of powers and rights under the United States Constitution, such as regulating intrastate commerce, running elections, creating local governments, and ratifying constitutional amendments. Each state has its own constitution, grounded in republican principles, and government, consisting of three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.[4] All states and their residents are represented in the federal Congress, a bicameral legislature consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Each state is represented by two Senators, while Representatives are distributed among the states in proportion to the most recent constitutionally mandated decennial census.[5] Additionally, each state is entitled to select a number of electors to vote in the Electoral College, the body that elects the President of the United States, equal to the total of Representatives and Senators in Congress from that state.[6] Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1 of the Constitution grants to Congress the authority to admit new states into the Union. Since the establishment of the United States in 1776, the number of states has expanded from the original 13 to the current total of 50, and each new state is admitted on an equal footing with the existing states.[7]
As provided by Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution, Congress exercises "exclusive jurisdiction" over the federal district, which is not part of any state. Prior to passage of the 1973 District of Columbia Home Rule Act, which devolved certain Congressional powers to an elected mayor and council, the district did not have an elected local government. Even so, Congress retains the right to review and overturn laws created by the council and intervene in local affairs.[8] As it is not a state, the district does not have representation in the Senate. However, since 1971, its residents have been represented in the House of Representatives by a non-voting delegate.[9] Additionally, since 1961, following ratification of the 23rd Amendment, the district has been entitled to select three electors to vote in the Electoral College.
In addition to the 50 states and federal district, the United States has sovereignty over 14 territories. Five of them (American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands) have a permanent, nonmilitary population, while nine of them do not. With the exception of Navassa Island, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, which are located in the Caribbean, all territories are located in the Pacific Ocean. One territory, Palmyra Atoll, is considered to be incorporated, meaning the full body of the Constitution has been applied to it; the other territories are unincorporated, meaning the Constitution does not fully apply to them. Ten territories (the Minor Outlying Islands and American Samoa) are considered to be unorganized, meaning they have not had an Organic Act enacted by Congress; the four other territories are organized, meaning they have had an Organic Act that has been enacted by Congress. The five inhabited territories each have limited autonomy and a non-voting delegate in Congress, in addition to having territorial legislatures and governors, but residents cannot vote in federal elections.
California is the most populous state, with 38,332,521 residents (2013 estimate); Wyoming is the least populous, with an estimated 582,658 residents. The District of Columbia, with an estimated 646,449 residents as of 2012, has a higher population than the two least populous states (Wyoming and Vermont). The largest state by area is Alaska, encompassing 665,384 square miles (1,723,340 km2), while the smallest is Rhode Island, encompassing 1,545 square miles (4,000 km2). The first state to ratify the current Constitution was Delaware, which it did on December 7, 1787, while the newest state is Hawaii, which was admitted to the Union on August 21, 1959. The largest territory in terms of both population and size is Puerto Rico, with 3,725,789 residents as of the 2010 Census and a total area of 5,325 square miles (13,790 km2).
Contents
[hide]
1 States
2 Federal district
3 Territories
3.1 Inhabited territories
3.2 Uninhabited territories
3.3 Disputed territories
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
7 External links
States[edit]
See also: U.S. state
The table below lists the 50 states, with their current capital, largest city, the date they ratified the constitution or were admitted to the Union, population and area data, and number of representative(s) in the United States House of Representatives (Each state is entitled to at least one representative. Current law limits the number of representatives to 435, which are then apportioned among states every ten years according to their relative population. Each state is also entitled to two U.S. Senators.)
States of the United States of America
Name & postal abbreviation
Cities
Established
[A]
Population
[B][10]
Total Area[C][11]
Land Area[C][11]
Water Area[C][11]
Reps.
Capital
Largest[D][12]
mi2
km2
mi2
km2
mi2
km2
Alabama
AL Montgomery Birmingham
Dec 14, 1819
4,863,300
52,420 135,767 50,645 131,171 1,775 4,597
7
Alaska
AK Juneau Anchorage
Jan 3, 1959
741,894
665,384 1,723,337 570,641 1,477,953 94,743 245,384
1
Arizona
AZ Phoenix
Feb 14, 1912
6,931,071
113,990 295,234 113,594 294,207 396 1,026
9
Arkansas
AR Little Rock
Jun 15, 1836
2,988,248
53,179 137,732 52,035 134,771 1,143 2,961
4
California
CA Sacramento Los Angeles
Sep 9, 1850
39,250,017
163,695 423,967 155,779 403,466 7,916 20,501
53
Colorado
CO Denver
Aug 1, 1876
5,540,545
104,094 269,601 103,642 268,431 452 1,170
7
Connecticut
CT Hartford Bridgeport
Jan 9, 1788
3,576,452
5,543 14,357 4,842 12,542 701 1,816
5
Delaware
DE Dover Wilmington
Dec 7, 1787
952,065
2,489 6,446 1,949 5,047 540 1,399
1
Florida
FL Tallahassee Jacksonville
Mar 3, 1845
20,612,439
65,758 170,312 53,625 138,887 12,133 31,424
27
Georgia
GA Atlanta
Jan 2, 1788
10,310,371
59,425 153,910 57,513 148,959 1,912 4,951
14
Hawaii
HI Honolulu
Aug 21, 1959
1,428,557
10,932 28,313 6,423 16,635 4,509 11,678
2
Idaho
ID Boise
Jul 3, 1890
1,683,140
83,569 216,443 82,643 214,045 926 2,398
2
Illinois
IL Springfield Chicago
Dec 3, 1818
12,801,539
57,914 149,995 55,519 143,793 2,395 6,202
18
Indiana
IN Indianapolis
Dec 11, 1816
6,633,053
36,420 94,326 35,826 92,789 593 1,537
9
Iowa
IA Des Moines
Dec 28, 1846
3,134,693
56,273 145,746 55,857 144,669 416 1,077
4
Kansas
KS Topeka Wichita
Jan 29, 1861
2,907,289
82,278 213,100 81,759 211,754 520 1,346
4
Kentucky[E]
KY Frankfort Louisville
Jun 1, 1792
4,436,974
40,408 104,656 39,486 102,269 921 2,387
6
Louisiana
LA Baton Rouge New Orleans
Apr 30, 1812
4,681,666
52,378 135,659 43,204 111,898 9,174 23,761
6
Maine
ME Augusta Portland
Mar 15, 1820
1,331,479
35,380 91,633 30,843 79,883 4,537 11,750
2
Maryland
MD Annapolis Baltimore
Apr 28, 1788
6,016,447
12,406 32,131 9,707 25,142 2,699 6,990
8
Massachusetts[F]
MA Boston
Feb 6, 1788
6,811,779
10,554 27,336 7,800 20,202 2,754 7,134
9
Michigan
MI Lansing Detroit
Jan 26, 1837
9,928,300
96,714 250,487 56,539 146,435 40,175 104,052
14
Minnesota
MN St. Paul Minneapolis
May 11, 1858
5,519,952
86,936 225,163 79,627 206,232 7,309 18,930
8
Mississippi
MS Jackson
Dec 10, 1817
2,988,726
48,432 125,438 46,923 121,531 1,508 3,907
4
Missouri
MO Jefferson City Kansas City
Aug 10, 1821
6,093,000
69,707 180,540 68,742 178,040 965 2,501
8
Montana
MT Helena Billings
Nov 8, 1889
1,042,520
147,040 380,831 145,546 376,962 1,494 3,869
1
Nebraska
NE Lincoln Omaha
Mar 1, 1867
1,907,116
77,348 200,330 76,824 198,974 524 1,356
3
Nevada
NV Carson City Las Vegas
Oct 31, 1864
2,940,058
110,572 286,380 109,781 284,332 791 2,048
4
New Hampshire
NH Concord Manchester
Jun 21, 1788
1,334,795
9,349 24,214 8,953 23,187 397 1,027
2
New Jersey
NJ Trenton Newark
Dec 18, 1787
8,944,469
8,723 22,591 7,354 19,047 1,368 3,544
12
New Mexico
NM Santa Fe Albuquerque
Jan 6, 1912
2,081,015
121,590 314,917 121,298 314,161 292 757
3
New York
NY Albany New York City
Jul 26, 1788
19,745,289
54,555 141,297 47,126 122,057 7,429 19,240
27
North Carolina
NC Raleigh Charlotte
Nov 21, 1789
10,146,788
53,819 139,391 48,618 125,920 5,201 13,471
13
North Dakota
ND Bismarck Fargo
Nov 2, 1889
757,952
70,698 183,108 69,001 178,711 1,698 4,397
1
Ohio
OH Columbus
Mar 1, 1803
11,614,373
44,826 116,098 40,861 105,829 3,965 10,269
16
Oklahoma
OK Oklahoma City
Nov 16, 1907
3,923,561
69,899 181,037 68,595 177,660 1,304 3,377
5
Oregon
OR Salem Portland
Feb 14, 1859
4,093,465
98,379 254,799 95,988 248,608 2,391 6,191
5
Pennsylvania[G]
PA Harrisburg Philadelphia
Dec 12, 1787
12,784,227
46,054 119,280 44,743 115,883 1,312 3,397
18
Rhode Island[H]
RI Providence
May 29, 1790
1,056,426
1,545 4,001 1,034 2,678 511 1,324
2
South Carolina
SC Columbia Charleston
May 23, 1788
4,961,119
32,020 82,933 30,061 77,857 1,960 5,076
7
South Dakota
SD Pierre Sioux Falls
Nov 2, 1889
865,454
77,116 199,729 75,811 196,350 1,305 3,379
1
Tennessee
TN Nashville
Jun 1, 1796
6,651,194
42,144 109,153 41,235 106,798 909 2,355
9
Texas
TX Austin Houston
Dec 29, 1845
27,862,596
268,596 695,662 261,232 676,587 7,365 19,075
36
Utah
UT Salt Lake City
Jan 4, 1896
3,051,217
84,897 219,882 82,170 212,818 2,727 7,064
4
Vermont
VT Montpelier Burlington
Mar 4, 1791
624,594
9,616 24,906 9,217 23,871 400 1,035
1
Virginia[I]
VA Richmond Virginia Beach
Jun 25, 1788
8,411,808
42,775 110,787 39,490 102,279 3,285 8,508
11
Washington
WA Olympia Seattle
Nov 11, 1889
7,288,000
71,298 184,661 66,456 172,119 4,842 12,542
10
West Virginia
WV Charleston
Jun 20, 1863
1,831,102
24,230 62,756 24,038 62,259 192 497
3
Wisconsin
WI Madison Milwaukee
May 29, 1848
5,778,708
65,496 169,635 54,158 140,268 11,339 29,367
8
Wyoming
WY Cheyenne
Jul 10, 1890
585,501
97,813 253,335 97,093 251,470 720 1,864
1
Federal district[edit]
Federal district of the United States
Name
Established
Population
[B][10]
Total Area[C][11]
Land Area[C][11]
Water Area[C][11]
Reps.
mi2
km2
mi2
km2
mi2
km2
District of Columbia
Jul 16, 1790
681,170
68 176 61 158 7 18 1[J]
Territories[edit]
A map showing the location of each territory controlled by the United States. The United States is marked in blue, inhabited territories are marked in green, and uninhabited territories are marked in orange.
Inhabited territories[edit]
Inhabited territories of the United States
Name & abbreviation
Capital
Acquired
[13]
Territorial status
Population
[K][10]
Total Area[C][14]
Land Area[C][14]
Water Area[C][14]
Reps.
mi2
km2
mi2
km2
mi2
km2
American Samoa
AS Pago Pago[15]
Apr 17, 1900
Unincorporated, unorganized
55,519
581 1,505 76 198 505 1,307 1[J]
Guam
GU Hagåtña[16]
Apr 11, 1899
Unincorporated, organized
159,358
571 1,478 210 543 361 935 1[J]
Northern Mariana Islands[L][17]
MP Saipan[18]
Nov 3, 1986
Unincorporated, organized
53,883
1,976 5,117 182 472 1,793 4,644 1[J]
Puerto Rico[M]
PR San Juan[19]
Apr 11, 1899
Unincorporated, organized
3,725,789
5,325 13,791 3,424 8,868 1,901 4,924 1[N]
U.S. Virgin Islands[20]
VI Charlotte Amalie[21]
Mar 31, 1917
Unincorporated, organized
106,405
733 1,898 134 348 599 1,550 1[J]
Uninhabited territories[edit]
Territories of the United States with no permanent population
Name
Acquired
[13]
Territorial status[22]
Land Area[O]
mi2
km2
Baker Island[23]
1856
Unincorporated, unorganized
0.9 2.2
Howland Island[23]
1858
Unincorporated, unorganized
0.6 1.6
Jarvis Island[24]
1856
Unincorporated, unorganized
2.2 5.7
Johnston Atoll[25]
1859
Unincorporated, unorganized
1 2.6
Kingman Reef[26]
1860
Unincorporated, unorganized
0.005 0.01
Midway Atoll[P][28]
1867
Unincorporated, unorganized
3 7.8
Navassa Island[Q][30]
1858
Unincorporated, unorganized
3 7.8
Palmyra Atoll[R][31]
1898
Incorporated, unorganized
1.5 3.9
Wake Island[S][32]
1899
Unincorporated, unorganized
2.5 6.5
Disputed territories[edit]
Main article: List of territorial disputes § Central America and the Caribbean
Territories claimed but not administered by the United States
Name
Acquired
[13]
Territorial status[33]
Population
[33]
Area
Administered by[33]
Also claimed by[33]
mi2
km2
Bajo Nuevo Bank (Petrel Island)[13]
1869
Unincorporated, unorganized
(disputed sovereignty)
0 56 145[34][T]
Colombia
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Serranilla Bank[13]
1880
Unincorporated, unorganized
(disputed sovereignty)
0 463 1,200[35][U]
Colombia
Honduras
Nicaragua
See also[edit]
Geography portal
North America portal
United States portal
Territories of the United States
List of fictional U.S. states
List of regions of the United States
List of U.S. states and territories by population
Lists of U.S. state topics
List of U.S. state abbreviations
Notes[edit]
Notes
Jump up ^ As defined by the United States Constitution. The original 13 states existed as states before the ratification of the constitution under the Declaration of Independence and Articles of Confederation.
^ Jump up to: a b 2016 estimate
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Area figures are rounded to the nearest whole number.
Jump up ^ The largest city is the city in a state with the largest population in the city proper; metropolitan areas are not considered in this number.
Jump up ^ The state of Kentucky is known officially as the Commonwealth of Kentucky.
Jump up ^ The state of Massachusetts is known officially as the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Jump up ^ The state of Pennsylvania is known officially as the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
Jump up ^ The state of Rhode Island is known officially as the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.
Jump up ^ The state of Virginia is known officially as the Commonwealth of Virginia.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Represented by a non-voting delegate to the House of Representatives.
Jump up ^ 2010
Jump up ^ The Northern Mariana Islands are officially known as the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
Jump up ^ Puerto Rico is officially known as the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
Jump up ^ Represented by a non-voting resident commissioner in the House of Representatives.
Jump up ^ The uninhabited territories contain no water area.
Jump up ^ Although Midway Atoll lacks a permanent, indigenous population, around 40 United States Fish and Wildlife Service staff and service contractors live on the island at any given time.[27]
Jump up ^ Navassa Island is claimed by Haiti.[29]
Jump up ^ Although Palmyra Atoll lacks a permanent, indigenous population, between four and 20 nature conservatory employees, United States Fish and Wildlife Service staff and researchers live on the island at any given time.[27]
Jump up ^ Although Wake Island lacks a permanent, indigenous population, the island is populated by around 150 military and civilian contractors, who staff the Wake Island Airfield as well as communications facilities.[32]
Jump up ^ This is the approximate figure for the land area of the bank, and does not include the surrounding territorial waters
Jump up ^ This figure includes the total land area of the Serranilla Bank and the water area of its lagoon, but not any surrounding territorial waters
Footnotes
Jump up ^ Onuf, Peter S. (1983). The Origins of the Federal Republic: Jurisdictional Controversies in the United States, 1775–1787. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-1167-2. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ "Common Core Document of the United States of America: Submitted With the Fourth Periodic Report of the United States of America to the United Nations Committee on Human Rights concerning the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights". U.S. Department of State, via The Office of Website Management, Bureau of Public Affairs.
Jump up ^ "U.S. Insular Areas: application of the U.S. Constitution" (PDF). Government Accountability Office. November 1997.
Jump up ^ "Frequently Asked Questions About the Minnesota Legislature". Minnesota State Legislature.
Jump up ^ Burnett, Kristin D. "Congressional Apportionment (2010 Census Briefs C2010BR-08)" (PDF). U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration.
Jump up ^ Elhauge, Einer R. "Essays on Article II: Presidential Electors". The Heritage Foundation.
Jump up ^ "Doctrine of the Equality of States". Justia Law. Retrieved June 16, 2017.
Jump up ^ "DC Home Rule". Council of the District of Columbia. Archived from the original on November 17, 2011.
Jump up ^ Tarr, David R.; Benenson, Bob, eds. (2012). Elections A to Z (4th ed.). Sage Publications. p. 165. ISBN 9780872897694.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2016" (Microsoft Excel). 2016 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. January 2017. Retrieved March 5, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "2010 Census of Population and Housing" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. September 2012. p. 41. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ "State and Local Government Finances and Employment" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 2012. p. 284. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Acquisition Process of Insular Areas". Office of Insular Affairs. Archived from the original on April 14, 2012. Retrieved July 9, 2013. CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)
^ Jump up to: a b c "2010 Census of Population and Housing" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. September 2012. p. 1. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ "American Samoa". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Guam". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Proclamation 5564--Placing into full force and effect the Covenant With the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Compacts of Free Association With the Federated States of Micronesia and the Republic of the Marshall Islands". National Archives and Records Administration. November 3, 1986.
Jump up ^ "Northern Mariana Islands". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Puerto Rico". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Purchase of the United States Virgin Islands, 1917". U. S. Department of State.
Jump up ^ "Virgin Islands". The World Factbook. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ "11025: Nationality". Higher Education Statistics Agency. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "Baker Island". Office of Insular Affairs. Archived from the original on April 19, 2012. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Jarvis Island". Office of Insular Affairs. Archived from the original on February 7, 2012. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Johnston Island". Office of Insular Affairs. Archived from the original on March 14, 2012. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Kingman Reef National Wildlife Refuge". United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "United States Pacific Islands Wildlife Refuges". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Midway Atoll". Office of Insular Affairs. Archived from the original on February 4, 2012. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ Colon, Yves (September 25, 1998). "U.S., Haiti Squabble Over Control of Tiny Island". Miami Herald. Webster University.
Jump up ^ "Navassa Island". Office of Insular Affairs. Archived from the original on February 4, 2012. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Palmyra Atoll". Office of Insular Affairs. Archived from the original on January 11, 2012. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "Wake Island". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Lewis, Martin W. (March 21, 2011). "When Is an Island Not An Island? Caribbean Maritime Disputes". GeoCurrents. Retrieved 2017-06-16.
Jump up ^ "US Minor Outlying Islands - Bajo Nuevo Bank". Geocaching. June 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Cayo Serranilla" (in Spanish). Eco Fiwi. Retrieved June 16, 2017.
References[edit]
"Definitions of Insular Area Political Organizations". Office of Insular Affairs. Archived from the original on September 25, 2012. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
"Delegates and Resident Commissioners". Kids in the House. Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
"Guide to State and Local Census Geography" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
"Standard Postal Service State Abbreviations and ZIP Codes" (PDF). Internal Revenue Service. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
"U.S. Insular Areas: Application of the U.S. Constitution" (PDF). Government Accountability Office. November 1997. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Subdivisions of the United States.
Information about All States from UCB Libraries GovPubs
State Resource Guides, from the Library of Congress
State and Territorial Governments on USA.gov
BEA News Release (GDP by State) - Bureau of Economic Analysis
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