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Den of Thieves (film)
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Den of Thieves
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Christian Gudegast
Produced by
Gerard Butler
Mark Canton
Christian Gudegast
Tucker Tooley
Screenplay by
Christian Gudegast
Story by
Christian Gudegast
Paul Scheuring
Starring
Gerard Butler
Pablo Schreiber
O'Shea Jackson Jr.
50 Cent
Music by
Cliff Martinez
Cinematography
Terry Stacey
Edited by
Joel Cox
Production
company
Diamond Film Productions
Tooley Productions
G-BASE
Distributed by
STXfilms
Release date
January 19, 2018 (2018-01-19)
Running time
140 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$30 million[2]
Box office
$74.8 million[1]
Den of Thieves is a 2018 American heist film written, directed, and produced by Christian Gudegast and starring Gerard Butler, 50 Cent, Pablo Schreiber, O'Shea Jackson Jr., Evan Jones, Dawn Olivieri, Mo McRae, and Max Holloway. In the film, an elite group of County Sheriff Deputies look to stop a gang of thieves planning to rob the Federal Reserve in Los Angeles.
The film was released in the United States on January 19, 2018, received mixed reviews and grossed $74 million worldwide. A sequel is currently in development.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
3.1 Filming locations
4 Reception
4.1 Box office
4.2 Critical response
5 Sequel
6 References
7 External links
Plot[edit]
Los Angeles, 2018: A team of robbers led by Ray Merrimen (Pablo Schreiber) make a violent armed attack and hijack an armored truck. A security guard who drops his coffee instigates the shootout accidentally. Police officers arrive on the scene and engage in a shootout with the robbers. Eventually, Merrimen and his crew escape with the empty armored truck, but he reprimands Bosco (Evan Jones) for killing the first guard. In the morning, Detective Nick "Big Nick" O'Brien (Gerard Butler) investigates the crime scene. He has been monitoring Merrimen and his crew for a while. Suspecting a local bartender named Donnie for involvement, Nick finds him at the bar and kidnaps him for interrogation. In a flashback, Merrimen is planning to rob the Federal Reserve on Friday of that week by covertly removing about $30 million in old bills which are scheduled to be shredded after their serial numbers are deleted from computer records.
Merrimen has Donnie gain access into the Federal Reserve by posing as a Chinese food deliveryman. In the ceiling of a Federal Reserve bathroom, he stashes an extra bag of food for the day of the big heist. At home, Nick's wife Debbie (Dawn Olivieri) discovers that Nick has been going behind her back seeing other women. Incensed, she leaves with their daughters and files for divorce. Nick spots Donnie and says hello at a restaurant with Merrimen and his crew. At their hideout, Merrimen has one of his crew, Levi (50 Cent), roughly interrogate Donnie. Donnie convinces him that he hasn't told anything about the robbery. Later on, Levi's daughter has a date arrive to pick her up for a school dance. Levi pulls the boy aside to introduce him to Merrimen and the rest of their crew to intimidate him into being on his best behavior with Levi's daughter.
Meanwhile, Nick drunkenly crashes a small get-together at the home of Debbie's sister. He obnoxiously signs the divorce papers, and gets belligerent with Debbie's new boyfriend, before he is told to leave. Nick then goes to a strip club and goes home with a stripper, unaware the stripper was hired by Merrimen to examine his phone handset. The next morning, Nick makes a desperate unscheduled effort to see his daughter at her school.
The day of the heist comes. Merrimen and his crew invade a commercial bank and take hostages. Nick’s team is outside as the chaos unfolds. The L.A.P.D. Police Chief calls and speaks to the bank's manager on behalf of Merrimen. To discourage further time-wasting communications, Merrimen has one of the crew take a hostage to a back room, where he apparently shoots her. The police negotiator then agrees not to communicate again until the robbers' demands (money and helicopter) are about to arrive in over an hour's time. The thieves then blow the vault open and escape through a hole in the floor before Nick’s team come in. They also find that the shooting of the hostage was staged. The thieves needed commercial bank cash so they could make a cash drop-off at the Federal Reserve, the only way to get inside the Federal Reserve building.
Donnie is hidden inside a cash dolly delivered to the Federal Reserve building by Merrimen, and he slips out during a falsely tripped alarm to collect the targeted old bills that have been earmarked for shredding, and he stashes them in bags in the refuse. After escaping the cash count-rooms through the air ducts, Donnie retrieves the bag of food from the bathroom ceiling. Appalled by the cold, old food, the unsuspecting Federal Reserve employee who orders Chinese food daily tries to get security to stop him, but Donnie is gone. The cash is dispatched from the Federal Reserve building in a garbage truck that removes shredded bills. Nick’s team catch up to Donnie and seize him, beating him until he tells them where Merrimen is going.
Merrimen, Bosco and Levi try to make their escape with bags from the waste truck. They hit a traffic jam and are blocked. Nick’s team spots them and attempts to shoot them as the robbers try to escape. After warning other drivers, the police start to shoot at Merrimen and his gang. Levi and Bosco are shot dead, but Merrimen gets away. Nick gives chase and shoots Merrimen through a fence, wounding him. Nick hops the fence to catch him, but Merrimen refuses to go out quietly. He raises an empty gun to Nick, forcing him to shoot him. As Merrimen lies on the ground dying, Nick kneels by him. He reminds Nick that he kept to his word and dies peacefully. When Nick inspects Merrimen's van, he only finds bags with shredded paper. He also finds that Donnie has escaped custody.
Nick later goes to Donnie's bar and sees pictures of him with some of the crew members from the heist. Through flashbacks, it is revealed Donnie masterminded the heist to get all of the cash for himself in a second garbage truck. The realization hits Nick. After the passage of some time, Donnie is seen in London working at another bar. His crew is nearby having drinks and enjoying the spoils of their victory. A man (Michael Bisping) from a shop across the street comes in. Donnie serves him and asks whether he works at the diamond exchange next door. The man says yes, and Donnie gives the man a beer on the house.[3]
Cast[edit]
Gerard Butler as Nick O'Brien, Debbie’s ex-husband and a gritty and corrupt LA sheriff who is hellbent on bringing down Merrimen's crew, who plan on robbing the Federal Reserve Bank in Downtown Los Angeles.
O'Shea Jackson Jr. as Donnie Wilson, a bartender and one of the robbers who set out in the first scheme in robbing the Federal Reserve Bank of downtown Los Angeles. He is the skilled driver of the group.
50 Cent as Levi Enson Levoux, one of the robbers who set out in the first scheme in robbing the Federal Reserve Bank of downtown Los Angeles. He has a young daughter and a wife.
Pablo Schreiber as Ray Merrimen, a marine veteran, the crew's leader and schemer, one of the robbers who set out in the first scheme in robbing the Federal Reserve Bank of Downtown Los Angeles.
Evan Jones as Bo Bosco Ostroman, one of the robbers who works directly with Merrimen and Enson
Cooper Andrews as Mack, one of the robber’s crew members. He doesn't directly take part in the robberies but does behind-the-scene stuff.
Maurice Compte as Benny 'Borracho' Megalob
Kaiwi Lyman-Mersereau as Tony Z Zapata
Dawn Olivieri as Debbie O'Brien, Nick O'Brien's ex-wife who leaves him after discovering he had cheated on her
Lewis Tan as Secret Service Lobby Guard #1
Mo McRae as Gus Henderson, a sheriff working under Big Nick
Meadow Williams as Holly
Brian Van Holt as Murph Connors
Max Holloway as Bas, one of the robbers and Bosco’s brother.[4]
Jay Dobyns as Wolfgang
Alix Lapri as Maloa
Matthew Cornwell as Joseph, a bank manager
Eric Braeden as Ziggy Zerhusen
Production[edit]
The film was in development for roughly fourteen years, where director Christian Gudegast and a writing partner had a blind deal with New Line Cinema in 2003. The project was also later supposed to be distributed by the now-defunct Relativity Media at one point as well. Jay Dobyns, who played the character of Wolfgang, was a former Special Agent and undercover operative with the BATFE and served as a consultant for this film.[5]
Filming locations[edit]
Production began in January of 2017. Director of photography, Terry Stacey, shot the movie using the Arri Alexa XT Plus digitial motion picture camera. Although set in Los Angeles, California, Den of Thieves was primarily filmed in and around Atlanta, Georgia. Aerial shots of Los Angeles included the Vincent Thomas Bridge, the Federal Correctional Institution, Terminal Island and the skyline of Downtown Los Angeles.
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
As of March 25, 2018[update], Den of Thieves has grossed $44.9 million in the United States and Canada, and $29.9 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $74.8 million, against a production budget of $30 million.[1]
In the United States and Canada, Den of Thieves was released on January 19, 2018 alongside 12 Strong and Forever My Girl, as well as the wide expansions of Phantom Thread, I, Tonya and Call Me by Your Name, and was projected to gross $7–10 million from 2,432 theaters in its opening weekend.[6] It ended up performing above projections, debuting to $15.3 million and finishing third at the box office behind holdover Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle and 12 Strong.[2] It dropped 43% to $8.6 million in its second week[7] and another 47% to $4.6 million in its third.[8]
Critical response[edit]
On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 40% based on 102 reviews, and an average rating of 4.9/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Den of Thieves pays energetic homage to classic heist thrillers of the past; unfortunately, it never comes close to living up to its obvious inspirations."[9] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 49 out of 100, based on 24 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[10] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.[2]
Exclaim! scored the film a 5 out of 10, saying "Den of Thieves is just too bone-headed to deliver the twists it attempts."[11]
Sequel[edit]
In February 2018, it was announced a sequel was in development with Gudegast signed on to return to write and direct. Additionally, Butler, and Jackson Jr. were in talks to reprise their roles.[12]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "Den of Thieves (2018)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved March 26, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c D'Alessandro, Anthony (January 19, 2018). "'Den Of Thieves' & '12 Strong' Draw Close To $1M On Thursday Night, But 'Jumanji' Will Win The Weekend". Deadline.com. Retrieved January 19, 2018.
Jump up ^ Spencer Perry, "Den of Thieves Trailer: Gerard Butler Squares Off Against 50 Cent," ComingSoon.net, October 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Holloway lands movie role next to Gerard Butler, 50 Cent". Bloody Elbow. 2017-02-08. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
Jump up ^ "'Den of Thieves' Set Visit: Making the Impossible Kind of Possible With Curtis Jackson and Gerard Butler". SlashFilm. January 4, 2018. Retrieved January 4, 2018.
Jump up ^ Faughnder, Ryan (January 17, 2018). "Afghanistan war film '12 Strong' to battle 'Jumanji' reboot for top box-office spot". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 17, 2018.
Jump up ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (January 28, 2018). "Fox Controls Close To 40% Of Weekend B.O. Led By 'Maze Runner' & Oscar Holdovers; 'Hostiles' Gallops Past $10M". Deadline.com. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (February 4, 2018). "'Jumanji' Poised To Be Dwayne Johnson's Highest Grossing Pic Of All-Time Stateside After Super Bowl Weekend Rebound". Deadline.com. Retrieved February 4, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Den of Thieves (2018)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Den of Thieves Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Den of Thieves review". Exclaim!. January 18, 2018. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
Jump up ^ "'Den Of Thieves' Gets Sequel With Gerard Butler, 50 Cent, Filmmakers Reuniting; STXFilms Distributing Worldwide". Deadline. February 13, 2018. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
External links[edit]
Official website
Den of Thieves on IMDb
Den of Thieves on Box Office Mojo
DEN OF THIEVES (2018) at the TCM Movie Database
Den of Thieves on YouTube | Final Trailer | Now Playing Xuất bản 25 thg 12, 2017
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Free Speech Movement
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Memorial to the Free Speech Movement at UC Berkeley
The Free Speech Movement (FSM) was a massive, long-lasting student protest which took place during the 1964–65 academic year on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley.[1][2][3][4][5][6] The Movement was informally under the central leadership of Berkeley graduate student Mario Savio.[1][2][7] Other student leaders include Jack Weinberg, Michael Rossman, George Barton, Brian Turner, Bettina Aptheker, Steve Weissman, Michael Teal, Art Goldberg, Jackie Goldberg, and others.[8]
With the participation of thousands of students, the Free Speech Movement was the first mass act of civil disobedience on an American college campus in the 1960s.[1][5][6][9] Students insisted that the university administration lift the ban of on-campus political activities and acknowledge the students' right to free speech and academic freedom. The Free Speech Movement was influenced by the New Left,[10] and was also related to the Civil Rights Movement and the Anti-Vietnam War Movement.[1][2][3][4][5][6][9] To this day, the Movement's legacy continues to shape American political dialogue both on college campuses and in broader society, impacting on the political views and values of college students and the general public. [1][2][3][4][5][6][9][excessive citations]
Contents
1 1964–1965
1.1 Background
1.2 Jack Weinberg and sit-in
1.3 Aftermath
1.4 Achievements
2 1966–1970
3 Reunions
4 Today
5 See also
6 Notes
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
1964–1965[edit]
Background[edit]
In 1958, activist students organized SLATE, a campus political party meaning a "slate" of candidates running on the same level – a same "slate." The students created SLATE to promote the right of student groups to support off-campus issues.[11] In the fall of 1964, student activists, some of whom had traveled with the Freedom Riders and worked to register African American voters in Mississippi in the Freedom Summer project, set up information tables on campus and were soliciting donations for causes connected to the Civil Rights Movement. According to existing rules at the time, fundraising for political parties was limited exclusively to the Democratic and Republican school clubs. There was also a mandatory "loyalty oath" required of faculty, which had led to dismissals and ongoing controversy over academic freedom. Sol Stern, a former radical who took part in the Free Speech Movement,[12] stated in a 2014 City Journal article that the group viewed the United States to be both racist and imperialistic and that the main intent after lifting Berkeley's loyalty oath was to build on the legacy of C Wright Mills and weaken the Cold War consensus by promoting the ideas of the Cuban Revolution.[10]
On September 14, 1964, Dean Katherine Towle announced that existing University regulations prohibiting advocacy of political causes or candidates, outside political speakers, recruitment of members, and fundraising by student organizations at the intersection of Bancroft and Telegraph Avenues would be "strictly enforced."[13] (This strip was until then thought to be city property, not campus property.)
Jack Weinberg and sit-in[edit]
On October 1, 1964, former graduate student Jack Weinberg was sitting at the CORE table. He refused to show his identification to the campus police and was arrested. There was a spontaneous movement of students to surround the police car in which he was to be transported. The police car remained there for 32 hours, all while Weinberg was inside it. At one point, there may have been 3,000 students around the car. The car was used as a speaker's podium and a continuous public discussion was held which continued until the charges against Weinberg were dropped.[13]
Mario Savio leading a rally on the steps of Sproul Hall in 1966
On December 2, between 1,500 and 4,000 students went into Sproul Hall as a last resort in order to re-open negotiations with the administration on the subject of restrictions on political speech and action on campus.[13] Among other grievances was the fact that four of their leaders were being singled out for punishment. The demonstration was orderly; students studied, watched movies, and sang folk songs. Joan Baez was there to lead in the singing, as well as lend moral support. "Freedom classes" were held by teaching assistants on one floor, and a special Channukah service took place in the main lobby. On the steps of Sproul Hall, Mario Savio[4] gave a famous speech:
... But we're a bunch of raw materials that don't mean to be — have any process upon us. Don't mean to be made into any product! Don't mean — Don't mean to end up being bought by some clients of the University, be they the government, be they industry, be they organized labor, be they anyone! We're human beings! ... There's a time when the operation of the machine becomes so odious — makes you so sick at heart — that you can't take part. You can't even passively take part. And you've got to put your bodies upon the gears and upon the wheels, upon the levers, upon all the apparatus, and you've got to make it stop. And you've got to indicate to the people who run it, to the people who own it, that unless you're free, the machine will be prevented from working at all.[14]
At midnight, Alameda County deputy district attorney Edwin Meese III telephoned Governor Edmund Brown Sr., asking for authority to proceed with a mass arrest. Shortly after 2 a.m. on December 4, 1964, police cordoned off the building, and at 3:30 a.m. began the arrest. Close to 800 students were arrested,[13] most of which were transported by bus to Santa Rita Jail in Dublin, about 25 miles away. They were released on their own recognizance after a few hours behind bars. About a month later, the university brought charges against the students who organized the sit-in, resulting in an even larger student protest that all but shut down the university.
Aftermath[edit]
After much disturbance, the University officials slowly backed down. By January 3, 1965, the new acting chancellor, Martin Meyerson (who had replaced the previous resigned Edward Strong), established provisional rules for political activity on the Berkeley campus. He designated the Sproul Hall steps an open discussion area during certain hours of the day and permitting tables. This applied to the entire student political spectrum, not just the liberal elements that drove the Free Speech Movement.[15]
Most outsiders, however, identified the Free Speech Movement as a movement of the Left. Students and others opposed to U.S. foreign policy did indeed increase their visibility on campus following the FSM's initial victory. In the spring of 1965, the FSM was followed by the Vietnam Day Committee,[13] a major starting point for the anti-Vietnam war movement.
Achievements[edit]
For the first time, disobedience tactics in the Civil Rights Movements was brought by the Free Speech Movement to a college campus in the 1960s. Those approaches gave the students exceptional leverage to demand the university administrators, and building up the foundation for the future protests such as the against Vietnam War.[16]
1966–1970[edit]
The Free Speech Movement had long-lasting effects at the Berkeley campus and was a pivotal moment for the civil liberties movement in the 1960s. It was seen as the beginning of the famous student activism that existed on the campus in the 1960s, and continues to a lesser degree today. There was a substantial voter backlash against the individuals involved in the Free Speech Movement. Ronald Reagan won an unexpected victory in the fall of 1966 and was elected Governor.[17] He then directed the UC Board of Regents to dismiss UC President Clark Kerr because of the perception that he had been too soft on the protesters. The FBI kept secret files on Kerr and Savio, and subjected their lives and careers to interference under COINTELPRO.
Reagan had gained political traction by campaigning on a platform to "clean up the mess in Berkeley".[17] In the minds of those involved in the backlash, a wide variety of protests, concerned citizens, and activists were lumped together. Furthermore, television news and documentary filmmaking had made it possible to photograph and broadcast moving images of protest activity. Much of this media is available today as part of the permanent collection of the Bancroft Library at Berkeley, including iconic photographs of the protest activity by student Ron Enfield (then chief photographer for the Berkeley campus newspaper, the Daily Cal).[18] A reproduction of what may be considered the most recognizable and iconic photograph of the movement, a shot of suit-clad students carrying the Free Speech banner through the University's Sather Gate in Fall of 1964, now stands at the entrance to the college's Free Speech Movement Cafe.[18]
Earlier protests against the House Committee on Un-American Activities meeting in San Francisco in 1960 had included an iconic scene as protesters were literally washed down the steps inside the Rotunda of San Francisco City Hall with fire hoses. The anti-Communist film Operation Abolition[19][20][21][22] depicted this scene and became an organizing tool for the protesters.
Reunions[edit]
The 20th anniversary reunion of the FSM was held during the first week of October, 1984, to considerable media attention. A rally in Sproul Plaza featured FSM veterans Mario Savio, who ended a long self-imposed silence, Jack Weinberg, and Jackie Goldberg. The week continued with a series of panels open to the public on the movement and its impact.[23] The 30th anniversary reunion, held during the first weekend of December 1994, was also a public event, with another Sproul Plaza rally featuring Savio, Weinberg, Goldberg, panels on the FSM, and current free speech issues.[24] In April 2001, UC's Bancroft Library held a symposium celebrating the opening of the Free Speech Movement Digital Archive. Although not a formal FSM reunion, many FSM leaders were on the panels and other participants were in the audience.[25] The 40th anniversary reunion, the first after Savio's death in 1996, was held in October 2004. It featured columnist Molly Ivins giving the annual Mario Savio Memorial Lecture, followed later in the week by the customary rally in Sproul Plaza and panels on civil liberties issues.[26] A Sunday meeting was a more private event, primarily a gathering for the veterans of the movement, in remembrance of Savio and of a close FSM ally, professor Reginald Zelnik, who had died in an accident in May.[27]
Today[edit]
Today, Sproul Hall and the surrounding Sproul Plaza are active locations for protests and marches, as well as the ordinary daily tables with free literature from anyone of any political orientation who wishes to appear. A wide variety of groups of all political, religious and social persuasions set up tables at Sproul Plaza. The Sproul steps, now officially known as the "Mario Savio Steps", may be reserved by anyone for a speech or rally.[13] An on-campus restaurant commemorating the event, the Mario Savio Free Speech Movement Cafe, resides in a portion of the Moffitt Undergraduate Library.
The Free Speech Monument, commemorating the movement, was created in 1991 by artist Mark Brest van Kempen. It is located, appropriately, in Sproul Plaza. The monument consists of a six-inch hole in the ground filled with soil and a granite ring surrounding it. The granite ring bears the inscription, "This soil and the air space extending above it shall not be a part of any nation and shall not be subject to any entity's jurisdiction." The monument makes no explicit reference to the movement, but it evokes notions of free speech and its implications through its rhetoric.[28]
See also[edit]
Freedom of speech portal
Berkeley riots, associated with the FSM and other events in the 1960s
Counterculture of the 1960s
William E. Forbes, chairman of a Regents' committee investigating student activities in this era.
Free speech fights
Alliance of Libertarian Activists
Hippie
New Left
Students for a Democratic Society (1960 organization)
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
Town and gown
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Berkeley FSM | Free Speech Movement 50th Anniversary". fsm.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2017-08-18.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "The Free Speech Movement". Calisphere. Retrieved 2017-08-18.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Free Speech Movement Archives". www.fsm-a.org. Retrieved 2017-08-18.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Lovio, Grace (August 28, 2013). "'Berkeley in the Sixties' aims to affect the present". The Daily Californian.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Days of Cal | Berkeley in the 60s". bancroft.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2017-08-18.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Unforgettable Change: 1960s: Free Speech Movement & The New American Left | Picture This". picturethis.museumca.org. Retrieved 2017-08-18.
Jump up ^ "Who Was Mario? :: Mario Savio Memorial Lecture Fund". www.savio.org. Retrieved 2017-08-18.
Jump up ^ "Notable Bios | Berkeley FSM". fsm.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2017-08-18.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Visual History: Free Speech Movement, 1964 | Berkeley FSM". fsm.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2017-08-18.
^ Jump up to: a b http://www.city-journal.org/2014/eon0925ss.html
Jump up ^ Holz, Dayna. "SLATE History". SLATE Archives. Retrieved 2016-08-20.
Jump up ^ https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/hearing-echoes-berkeley-student-activism-today/
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f http://www.uic.edu/orgs/cwluherstory/jofreeman/sixtiesprotest/berkeley.htm
Jump up ^ American Rhetoric - Mario Savio. See also Robert Cohen, Freedom's Orator, pp. 178-179.
Jump up ^ "Time, Place and Manner Statement". Content.cdlib.org. Retrieved 2016-08-20.
Jump up ^ "Visual History: Free Speech Movement, 1964 | Berkeley FSM". fsm.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2017-09-22.
^ Jump up to: a b "Ronald Reagan launched political career using the Berkeley campus as a political target". Berkeley.edu. 2004-06-08. Retrieved 2016-08-20.
^ Jump up to: a b Elizabeth Stephens. "Free Speech Movement Archival Collection Guides". Bancroft.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2016-08-20.
Jump up ^ "Operation Abolition," 1960 - YouTube
Jump up ^ "Operation Abolition", Time magazine, 1961.
Jump up ^ Operation Abolition (1960) - YouTube
Jump up ^ "Operation Abolition", video.google.com and Time magazine, Friday, Mar. 17, 1961.
Jump up ^ Lynn Ludlow, "Savio Breaks 20-year silence about Free Speech Movement," San Francisco Examiner, September 30, 1984, p. A10; Stacy E. Palmer, "Berkeley, Birthplace of 1960's Unrest, Tries to Preserve Its Activist Image," The Chronicle of Higher Education, September 26, 1984, pp. 12-14; and Lynn Ludlow, "The Free Speech revolutionaries, 20 years later," the first of six parts, San Francisco Examiner, December 9, 1984, pp. A1, A14-15.
Jump up ^ Elaine Herscher, "Echoes of Free Speech Movement Heard 30 Years Later," San Francisco Chronicle, December 2, 1994, pp. A19, A23.
Jump up ^ "Taking Part: FSM and the Legacy of Social Protest," brochure published by the Bancroft Library for the April 13–14, 2001 symposium.
Jump up ^ Charles Burress, "UC's change of heart - celebrating transformation of a pariah into an icon," San Francisco Chronicle, October 6, 2004, p. B1, B5; Charles Burress, "Celebrating 4 decades of mouthing off," San Francisco Chronicle, October 8, 2004, p. B5; Charles Burress, "Free speech returns to Sproul," San Francisco Chronicle, October 9, 2004, p. B1,B5; Meredith May, "40 years on Free Speechers talk all they want," San Francisco Chronicle, October 11, 2004, p. B5.
Jump up ^ Wolfgang Saxon, "Reginald Zelnik, 68, Historian of Labor Movements in Russia," The New York Times, June 1, 2004, p. C13.
Jump up ^ Free Speech Monument, Mark Brest Van Kempen
References[edit]
Cloke, Kenneth. Democracy and Revolution in Law and Politics: The Origin of Civil Liberties Protest Movements in Berkeley, From TASC and SLATE to FSM (1957-1965), Ph.D. Dissertation, Dept. of History, UCLA, 1980.
Cohen, Robert. Freedom's Orator: Mario Savio and the Radical Legacy of the 1960s. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-19-518293-4
Cohen, Robert and Reginald Zelnik, eds. The Free Speech Movement: Reflections on Berkeley in the 1960s. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2002. ISBN 0-520-23354-9
Cohen, Robert, ed. The FSM and Beyond: Berkeley Students, Protest and Social Change in the 1960s. Unpublished anthology, Berkeley, Ca.: n.d. 1994.
Freeman, Jo. At Berkeley in the Sixties: Education of an Activist, 1961-1965. Bloomington, IN: Indiana U. Press, 2004. ISBN 0-253-21622-2
Draper, Hal. Berkeley: The New Student Revolt. New York: Grove Press, 1965.
Goines, David Lance. The Free Speech Movement: Coming of Age in the 1960s. Berkeley, Ten Speed Press, 1993. ISBN 0-89815-535-5
Heirich, Max. The Beginning: Berkeley, 1964. New York: Columbia University Press, 1971.
Horowitz, David. Student: What Has Been Happening at a Major University, The Political Activities of the Berkeley Students. New York: Ballantine Books, 1962.
Katope, Christopher G., and Paul G. Zolbrod, eds. Beyond Berkeley: A Sourcebook in Student Values. Cleveland: World Publishing Company, 1966.
Kerr, Clark. The Gold and the Blue: A Personal Memoir of the University of California, 1949-1967.
Lipset, Seymour Martin and Sheldon S. Wolin, eds. The Berkeley Student Revolt: Facts and Interpretations. Garden City: Anchor Books, 1965.
Lunsford, Terry F. The "Free Speech" Crises at Berkeley, 1964-1965: Some Issues for Social and Legal Research, A Report form the Center for Research and Development in Higher Education, University of California, Berkeley, December 1965.
Rand, Ayn. The New Left: The Anti-Industrial Revolution. Revised ed. 1971; Plume, 1993. ISBN 978-0-452-01125-0
Raskin, A.H. "The Berkeley Affair: Mr. Kerr vs. Mr. Savio & Co." The New York Times Magazine, February 14, 1965, pp. 24–5, 88-91. Reprinted in Miller and Gilmore, 1965, pp. 78–91.
Rorabaugh, W. J. Berkeley at War: The 1960s. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989. ISBN 0-19-505877-1
Rosenfeld, Seth. Subversives: The FBI's War on Student Radicals, and Reagan's Rise to Power. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012.
Rossman, Michael. The Wedding Within the War. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday and Co., 1971.
Seaborg, Glenn, with Ray Colvig. Chancellor at Berkeley. Berkeley: Institute of Governmental Studies Press, University of California, Berkeley, 1994.
Searle, John. The Campus War: A Sympathetic Look at the University in Agony. New York: The World Publishing Company, 1971.
Stadtman, Verne A. The University of California 1868-1968. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970.
Stewart, George R. The Year of the Oath: The Fight for Academic Freedom at the University of California. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1950.
Wolin, Sheldon S., and John H. Schaar. The Berkeley Rebellion and Beyond: Essays on Politics & Education in the Technological Society. A New York Review Book, 1970.
Further reading[edit]
Seth Rosenfield (2013). Subversives: The FBI's War on Student Radicals, and Reagan's Rise to Power. Picador. ISBN 978-1250033383.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Free Speech Movement
articles by Jo Freeman on social protest at Berkeley [1]
documents from SLATE — the UC Berkeley student political party (1958–1966) and the first of the student organizations in the rising New Left and student movements [2]
John Searle account of FSM; some photos on John Searle's site.
"People's History of Berkeley" — extensive history at the Barrington Collective's Wiki
Online Sound Recordings from the Free Speech Movement — UC Berkeley Library
Free Speech Movement Archives
Free Speech Movement Digital Archives from UC Berkeley
[3] Free Speech Movement Photograph Gallery 1964–1965 by Student & Chief Photographer of The Daily Californian Ron Enfield — includes the iconic photograph of the Free Speech Movements student march through the college gates and photographs of Mario Savio, Joan Baez, Phil Ochs, and more.
FSM@40: Free Speech in a Dangerous Time
Text, Audio, Video of Mario Savio's Sproul Hall Sit-in Address delivered 2 December 1964
"Berkeley in the '60s"
Photos taken in Sproul Hall during the sit in, including the police take-over of the building
California State Senator John F. McCarthy's speech 'The Situation at the Universities' to the Commonwealth Club of California
Former Chancellor Edward Strong's speech 'What's Ahead for the University' to the Commonwealth Club of California
Chancellor Roger W. Heyn's speech 'University Tradition and Social Change' to the Commonwealth Club of California
Photos of the Free Speech Movement on Calisphere
Guide to the Free Speech Movement Participants Papers, 1959-1997 (bulk 1964-1972) at The Bancroft Library
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