text:
List of current Indian governors
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In the Republic of India, a governor is the constitutional head of each of the twenty-nine states. The governor is appointed by the President of India for a term of five years, and holds office at the President's pleasure. The governor is de jure head of the state government; all its executive actions are taken in the governor's name. However, the governor must act on the advice of the popularly elected council of ministers, headed by the chief minister, who thus hold de facto executive authority at the state-level. The Constitution of India also empowers the governor to act upon his or her own discretion, such as the ability to appoint or dismiss a ministry, recommend President's rule, or reserve bills for the President's assent. Over the years, the exercise of these discretionary powers have given rise to conflict between the elected chief minister and the central government–appointed governor.[1]
The union territories of Andaman and Nicobar, Delhi and Puducherry are headed by lieutenant-governors. Since Delhi and Puducherry have a measure of self-government with an elected legislature and council of ministers, the role of the lieutenant-governor there is a mostly ceremonial one, akin to that of a state's governor. The other four union territories—Chandigarh; Dadra and Nagar Haveli; Daman and Diu; and Lakshadweep—are governed by an administrator. Unlike the administrators of other territories, who are drawn from the Indian Administrative Service, since 1985 the Governor of Punjab has acted as the ex-officio Administrator of Chandigarh.
Contents
[hide]
1 Current governors of states
2 Current lieutenant governors and administrators of union territories
3 See also
4 References
Current governors of states
State
(past governors)
Name[2]
Portrait
Took office
(tenure length)
Ref
Andhra Pradesh
(list) Narasimhan, E. S. L.E. S. L. Narasimhan 000000002009-12-28-000028 December 2009
(7003286400000000000♠7 years, 307 days) [3]
Arunachal Pradesh
(list) Mishra, B. D.B. D. Mishra
– 000000002017-10-03-00003 October 2017
(7001280000000000000♠28 days) [4]
Assam
(list) Mukhi, JagdishJagdish Mukhi – 000000002017-10-10-000010 October 2017
(7001210000000000000♠21 days) [5]
Bihar
(list) Malik, Satya PalSatya Pal Malik
– 000000002017-10-04-00004 October 2017
(7001270000000000000♠27 days) [6]
Chhattisgarh
(list) Tandon, Balram DasBalram Das Tandon 000000002014-07-25-000025 July 2014
(7003119400000000000♠3 years, 98 days) [7]
Goa
(list) Sinha, MridulaMridula Sinha 000000002014-08-31-000031 August 2014
(7003115700000000000♠3 years, 61 days) [8]
Gujarat
(list) Kohli, Om PrakashOm Prakash Kohli 000000002014-07-16-000016 July 2014
(7003120300000000000♠3 years, 107 days) [9]
Haryana
(list) Solanki, Kaptan SinghKaptan Singh Solanki 000000002014-07-27-000027 July 2014
(7003119200000000000♠3 years, 96 days) [10]
Himachal Pradesh
(list) Vrat, Acharya DevAcharya Dev Vrat – 000000002015-08-12-000012 August 2015
(7002811000000000000♠2 years, 80 days) [11]
Jammu and Kashmir
(list) Vohra, Narinder NathNarinder Nath Vohra 000000002008-06-25-000025 June 2008
(7003341500000000000♠9 years, 128 days) [12]
Jharkhand
(list) Murmu, DraupadiDraupadi Murmu 000000002015-05-18-000018 May 2015
(7002897000000000000♠2 years, 166 days) [13]
Karnataka
(list) Vala, VajubhaiVajubhai Vala 000000002014-09-01-00001 September 2014
(7003115600000000000♠3 years, 60 days) [14]
Kerala
(list) Sathasivam, P.P. Sathasivam 000000002014-09-05-00005 September 2014
(7003115200000000000♠3 years, 56 days) [15]
Madhya Pradesh
(list) Kohli, Om PrakashOm Prakash Kohli
(Additional charge) 000000002016-09-08-00008 September 2016
(7002418000000000000♠1 year, 53 days) [16]
Maharashtra
(list) Rao, C. VidyasagarC. Vidyasagar Rao 000000002014-08-30-000030 August 2014
(7003115800000000000♠3 years, 62 days) [17]
Manipur
(list) Heptulla, NajmaNajma Heptulla 000000002016-08-21-000021 August 2016
(7002436000000000000♠1 year, 71 days) [18]
Meghalaya
(list) Prasad, GangaGanga Prasad
– 000000002017-10-05-00005 October 2017
(7001260000000000000♠26 days) [19]
Mizoram
(list) Sharma, NirbhayNirbhay Sharma 000000002015-05-26-000026 May 2015
(7002889000000000000♠2 years, 158 days) [20]
Nagaland
(list) Acharya, PadmanabhaPadmanabha Acharya 000000002014-07-19-000019 July 2014
(7003120000000000000♠3 years, 104 days) [21]
Odisha
(list) Jamir, S. C.S. C. Jamir – 000000002013-03-21-000021 March 2013
(7003168500000000000♠4 years, 224 days) [22]
Punjab
(list) Badnore, V. P. SinghV. P. Singh Badnore 000000002016-08-22-000022 August 2016
(7002435000000000000♠1 year, 70 days) [23]
Rajasthan
(list) Singh, KalyanKalyan Singh 000000002014-09-04-00004 September 2014
(7003115300000000000♠3 years, 57 days) [24]
Sikkim
(list) Patil, ShriniwasShriniwas Patil 000000002013-07-20-000020 July 2013
(7003156400000000000♠4 years, 103 days) [25]
Tamil Nadu
(list) Purohit, BanwarilalBanwarilal Purohit
000000002017-10-06-00006 October 2017
(7001250000000000000♠25 days) [26]
Telangana
(list) Narasimhan, E. S. L.E. S. L. Narasimhan
(Additional charge) 000000002014-06-02-00002 June 2014
(7003124700000000000♠3 years, 151 days) [27]
Tripura
(list) Roy, TathagataTathagata Roy – 000000002015-05-20-000020 May 2015
(7002895000000000000♠2 years, 164 days) [28]
Uttar Pradesh
(list) Naik, RamRam Naik 000000002014-07-22-000022 July 2014
(7003119700000000000♠3 years, 101 days) [29]
Uttarakhand
(list) Paul, Krishan KantKrishan Kant Paul – 000000002015-01-08-00008 January 2015
(7003102700000000000♠2 years, 296 days) [30]
West Bengal
(list) Tripathi, Keshari NathKeshari Nath Tripathi 000000002014-07-24-000024 July 2014
(7003119500000000000♠3 years, 99 days) [31]
Current lieutenant governors and administrators of union territories
The first woman IPS officer, Kiran Bedi is the 24th Lieutenant Governor of Puducherry.
Office and union territory
(past officeholders)
Name[32]
Took office
(tenure length)
Ref
Lieutenant Governor of
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
(list) Kumar Joshi, DevendraDevendra Kumar Joshi 000000002017-10-08-00008 October 2017
(7001230000000000000♠23 days) [33]
Administrator of
Chandigarh
(list) Badnore, V. P. SinghV. P. Singh Badnore 000000002016-08-22-000022 August 2016
(7002435000000000000♠1 year, 70 days) [23]
Administrator of
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
(list) Patel, Praful KhodaPraful Khoda Patel
(Additional charge) 000000002016-12-30-000030 December 2016
(7002305000000000000♠305 days) [34]
Administrator of
Daman and Diu
(list) Patel, Praful KhodaPraful Khoda Patel 000000002016-08-29-000029 August 2016
(7002428000000000000♠1 year, 63 days) [35]
Lieutenant Governor of
Delhi
(list) Baijal, AnilAnil Baijal 000000002016-12-31-000031 December 2016
(7002304000000000000♠304 days) [36]
Administrator of
Lakshadweep
(list) Khan, FarooqFarooq Khan 000000002016-09-06-00006 September 2016
(7002420000000000000♠1 year, 55 days) [37]
Lieutenant Governor of
Puducherry
(list) Bedi, KiranKiran Bedi 000000002016-05-29-000029 May 2016
(7002520000000000000♠1 year, 155 days) [38]
See also
List of current Indian chief ministers
List of current Indian chief justices
List of current Indian legislative speakers
List of current Indian leaders of the Opposition
List of female Indian governors
References
Jump up ^ Durga Das Basu. Introduction to the Constitution of India. 1960. 20th edition, 2011 reprint. LexisNexis Butterworths Wadhwa Nagpur. ISBN 978-81-8038-559-9. p. 237, 241–44.
Jump up ^ Governors. India.gov.in. Retrieved on 3 September 2015.
Jump up ^ J. Balaji. "Narasimhan to look after Andhra Pradesh". The Hindu. 28 December 2009.
Jump up ^ "Brigadier BD Mishra sworn-in as Arunachal Pradesh governor". The Indian Express. 03 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "Jagdish Mukhi sworn in as governor of Assam". Hindustan Times. 10 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "Satya Pal Malik takes oath as Governor of Bihar". The Indian Express. 04 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Pavan Dahat. "Tandon sworn in as Chhattisgarh Governor". The Hindu. 26 July 2014.
Jump up ^ Prakash Kamat. "Mridula Sinha sworn-in as Goa Governor". The Hindu. 31 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Kohli sworn in as Gujarat Governor". The Hindu. 17 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "Solanki sworn in as Haryana governor". The Hindu. 27 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "Dev Vrat sworn in as H.P. Governor". The Hindu. 13 August 2015.
Jump up ^ "Vohra sworn in as new Jammu and Kashmir Governor". The Hindu. 26 June 2008.
Jump up ^ "Draupadi Murmu sworn in as first woman Governor of Jharkhand". The Hindu. 18 May 2015.
Jump up ^ Nagesh Prabhu. "Vala sworn in as Karnataka Governor". The Hindu. 1 September 2014.
Jump up ^ Gireesh Menon. "Sathasivam sworn in as Kerala Governor". The Hindu. 5 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Gujarat governor OP Kohli assumes office as acting governor in Madhya Pradesh". The Times of India. 8 September 2016.
Jump up ^ "Rao sworn in as Maharashtra Governor". The Hindu. 31 August 2014.
Jump up ^ Iboyaima Laithangam. "Najma Heptullah sworn in as Manipur Governor". The Hindu. 21 August 2016.
Jump up ^ "Ganga Prasad sworn in as Meghalaya Governor". The Indian Express. 05 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "Lt. Gen. Nirbhay Sharma sworn-in as Mizoram governor". Business Standard. 26 May 2015.
Jump up ^ "P B Acharya sworn in as Nagaland Governor". Business Standard. 19 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "S.C Jamir sworn in as new Governor of Odisha". Business Line. 21 March 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "V. P. Singh Badnore sworn in as new Punjab Governor". The Indian Express. 22 August 2016.
Jump up ^ "Kalyan Singh sworn-in as Rajasthan Governor". The Hindu. 4 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Message of Hon’ble Governor of Sikkim Shri Shriniwas Patil on the assumption of Office". The Raj Bhavan, Gangtok, Sikkim. 20 July 2013.
Jump up ^ "Banwarilal Purohit sworn in as Tamil Nadu governor". The Indian Express. 6 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "E S L Narasimhan sworn in as Governor of Telangana". The Hindu. 2 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "Tathagata Roy sworn in as Governor of Tripura". The Hindu. 20 May 2015.
Jump up ^ . "Ram Naik sworn in as Uttar Pradesh Governor". India Today. 22 July 2014.
Jump up ^ . "KK Paul sworn in as Uttarakhand Governor". The Tribune. 8 January 2015.
Jump up ^ "Mamata competent to deal with all problems of State: Governor". The Hindu. 25 July 2014.
Jump up ^ Lt. Governors & Administrators. India.gov.in. Retrieved on 3 September 2015.
Jump up ^ "Admiral D K Joshi (Retd.) sworn in as the 13th Lt. Governor of A& N Islands ". The Island Reflector. 08 October 2017.
Jump up ^ List of Former Administrators. Administration of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Retrieved on 30 December 2016.
Jump up ^ List of Former Administrators. Administration of Daman and Diu. Retrieved on 21 September 2016.
Jump up ^ "Anil Baijal sworn in as Delhi Lieutenant-Governor". The Hindu. 31 December 2016.
Jump up ^ Bio-data of the Hon'ble Administrator. Official Website of Union Territory of Lakshadweep. Retrieved on 21 September 2016.
Jump up ^ "Kiran Bedi takes oath as Lt. Governor of Puducherry". The Times of India. 29 May 2016.
[show]
v
t
e
Lists of governors, lieutenant governors and administrators of Indian states and union territories (and current incumbents)
Andaman and Nicobar
Devendra Kumar Joshi
Andhra Pradesh
E. S. L. Narasimhan
Arunachal Pradesh
B D Mishra
Assam
Jagdish Mukhi
Bihar
Satya Pal Malik
Chandigarh
V. P. Singh Badnore
Chhattisgarh
Balram Das Tandon
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Praful Khoda Patel
Daman and Diu
Praful Khoda Patel
Delhi
Anil Baijal
Goa
Mridula Sinha
Gujarat
Om Prakash Kohli
Haryana
Kaptan Singh Solanki
Himachal Pradesh
Acharya Dev Vrat
Jammu and Kashmir
Narinder Nath Vohra
Jharkhand
Draupadi Murmu
Karnataka
Vajubhai Vala
Kerala
P. Sathasivam
Lakshadweep
Farooq Khan
Madhya Pradesh
Om Prakash Kohli
Maharashtra
C. Vidyasagar Rao
Manipur
Najma Heptulla
Meghalaya
Ganga Prasad
Mizoram
Nirbhay Sharma
Nagaland
Padmanabha Acharya
Odisha
S. C. Jamir
Puducherry
Kiran Bedi
Punjab
V. P. Singh Badnore
Rajasthan
Kalyan Singh
Sikkim
Shriniwas Patil
Tamil Nadu
Banwarilal Purohit
Telangana
E. S. L. Narasimhan
Tripura
Tathagata Roy
Uttar Pradesh
Ram Naik
Uttarakhand
Krishan Kant Paul
West Bengal
Keshari Nath Tripathi
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text:
Electric current
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A simple electric circuit, where current is represented by the letter i. The relationship between the voltage (V), resistance (R), and current (I) is V=IR; this is known as Ohm's law.
Electromagnetism
Electricity
Magnetism
Electrostatics[show]
Electric charge
Static electricity
Electric field
Conductor
Insulator
Triboelectricity
Electrostatic discharge
Induction
Coulomb's law
Gauss's law
Electric flux / potential energy
Electric dipole moment
Polarization density
Magnetostatics[show]
Ampère's law
Magnetic field
Magnetization
Magnetic flux
Biot–Savart law
Magnetic dipole moment
Gauss's law for magnetism
Electrodynamics[show]
Lorentz force law
Electromagnetic induction
Faraday's law
Lenz's law
Displacement current
Magnetic potential
Maxwell's equations
Electromagnetic field
Electromagnetic pulse
Electromagnetic radiation
Maxwell tensor
Poynting vector
Liénard–Wiechert potential
Jefimenko's equations
Eddy current
London equations
Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field
Electrical network[hide]
Electric current
Electric potential
Voltage
Resistance
Ohm's law
Series circuit
Parallel circuit
Direct current
Alternating current
Electromotive force
Capacitance
Inductance
Impedance
Resonant cavities
Waveguides
Covariant formulation[show]
Electromagnetic tensor
(stress–energy tensor)
Four-current
Electromagnetic four-potential
Scientists[show]
Ampère
Coulomb
Faraday
Gauss
Heaviside
Henry
Hertz
Lorentz
Maxwell
Tesla
Volta
Weber
Ørsted
v
t
e
An electric current is a flow of electric charge.[1]:2 In electric circuits this charge is often carried by moving electrons in a wire. It can also be carried by ions in an electrolyte, or by both ions and electrons such as in an ionised gas (plasma).[2]
The SI unit for measuring an electric current is the ampere, which is the flow of electric charge across a surface at the rate of one coulomb per second. Electric current is measured using a device called an ammeter.[3]
Electric currents cause Joule heating, which creates light in incandescent light bulbs. They also create magnetic fields, which are used in motors, inductors and generators.
The moving charged particles in an electric current are called charge carriers. In metals, one or more electrons from each atom are loosely bound to the atom, and can move freely about within the metal. These conduction electrons are the charge carriers in metal conductors.
Contents
[hide]
1 Symbol
2 Conventions
2.1 Reference direction
3 Ohm's law
4 Alternating and direct current
5 Occurrences
6 Current measurement
7 Resistive heating
8 Electromagnetism
8.1 Electromagnet
8.2 Radio waves
9 Conduction mechanisms in various media
9.1 Metals
9.2 Electrolytes
9.3 Gases and plasmas
9.4 Vacuum
9.5 Superconductivity
9.6 Semiconductor
10 Current density and Ohm's law
11 Drift speed
12 See also
13 References
Symbol
The conventional symbol for current is I, which originates from the French phrase intensité de courant, (current intensity).[4][5] Current intensity is often referred to simply as current.[6] The I symbol was used by André-Marie Ampère, after whom the unit of electric current is named, in formulating Ampère's force law (1820).[7] The notation travelled from France to Great Britain, where it became standard, although at least one journal did not change from using C to I until 1896.[8]
Conventions
The electrons, the charge carriers in an electrical circuit, flow in the opposite direction of the conventional electric current.
The symbol for a battery in a circuit diagram.
In a conductive material, the moving charged particles which constitute the electric current are called charge carriers. In metals, which make up the wires and other conductors in most electrical circuits, the positively charged atomic nuclei are held in a fixed position, and the negatively charged electrons are free to move, carrying their charge from one place to another. In other materials, notably the semiconductors, the charge carriers can be positive or negative, depending on the dopant used. Positive and negative charge carriers may even be present at the same time, as happens in an electrolyte in an electrochemical cell.
A flow of positive charges gives the same electric current, and has the same effect in a circuit, as an equal flow of negative charges in the opposite direction. Since current can be the flow of either positive or negative charges, or both, a convention is needed for the direction of current that is independent of the type of charge carriers. The direction of conventional current is arbitrarily defined as the same direction as positive charges flow.
Since electrons, the charge carriers in metal wires and most other parts of electric circuits, have a negative charge, as a consequence, they flow in the opposite direction of conventional current flow in an electrical circuit.
Reference direction
Since the current in a wire or component can flow in either direction, when a variable I is defined to represent that current, the direction representing positive current must be specified, usually by an arrow on the circuit schematic diagram. This is called the reference direction of current I. If the current flows in the opposite direction, the variable I has a negative value.
When analyzing electrical circuits, the actual direction of current through a specific circuit element is usually unknown. Consequently, the reference directions of currents are often assigned arbitrarily. When the circuit is solved, a negative value for the variable means that the actual direction of current through that circuit element is opposite that of the chosen reference direction. In electronic circuits, the reference current directions are often chosen so that all currents are toward ground. This often corresponds to the actual current direction, because in many circuits the power supply voltage is positive with respect to ground.
Ohm's law
Main article: Ohm's law
Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference across the two points. Introducing the constant of proportionality, the resistance,[9] one arrives at the usual mathematical equation that describes this relationship:[10]
I = V R {\displaystyle I={\frac {V}{R}}}
where I is the current through the conductor in units of amperes, V is the potential difference measured across the conductor in units of volts, and R is the resistance of the conductor in units of ohms. More specifically, Ohm's law states that the R in this relation is constant, independent of the current.[11]
Alternating and direct current
See also: War of Currents
In alternating current (AC) systems, the movement of electric charge periodically reverses direction. AC is the form of electric power most commonly delivered to businesses and residences. The usual waveform of an AC power circuit is a sine wave. Certain applications use different waveforms, such as triangular or square waves. Audio and radio signals carried on electrical wires are also examples of alternating current. An important goal in these applications is recovery of information encoded (or modulated) onto the AC signal.
In contrast, direct current (DC) is the unidirectional flow of electric charge, or a system in which the movement of electric charge is in one direction only. Direct current is produced by sources such as batteries, thermocouples, solar cells, and commutator-type electric machines of the dynamo type. Direct current may flow in a conductor such as a wire, but can also flow through semiconductors, insulators, or even through a vacuum as in electron or ion beams. An old name for direct current was galvanic current.[12]
Occurrences
Natural observable examples of electrical current include lightning, static electric discharge, and the solar wind, the source of the polar auroras.
Man-made occurrences of electric current include the flow of conduction electrons in metal wires such as the overhead power lines that deliver electrical energy across long distances and the smaller wires within electrical and electronic equipment. Eddy currents are electric currents that occur in conductors exposed to changing magnetic fields. Similarly, electric currents occur, particularly in the surface, of conductors exposed to electromagnetic waves. When oscillating electric currents flow at the correct voltages within radio antennas, radio waves are generated.
In electronics, other forms of electric current include the flow of electrons through resistors or through the vacuum in a vacuum tube, the flow of ions inside a battery or a neuron, and the flow of holes within a semiconductor.
Current measurement
Current can be measured using an ammeter.
At the circuit level, there are various techniques that can be used to measure current:
Shunt resistors[13]
Hall effect current sensor transducers
Transformers (however DC cannot be measured)
Magnetoresistive field sensors[14]
Resistive heating
Main article: Joule heating
Joule heating, also known as ohmic heating and resistive heating, is the process by which the passage of an electric current through a conductor releases heat. It was first studied by James Prescott Joule in 1841. Joule immersed a length of wire in a fixed mass of water and measured the temperature rise due to a known current through the wire for a 30 minute period. By varying the current and the length of the wire he deduced that the heat produced was proportional to the square of the current multiplied by the electrical resistance of the wire.
Q ∝ I 2 R {\displaystyle Q\propto I^{2}R}
This relationship is known as Joule's First Law. The SI unit of energy was subsequently named the joule and given the symbol J. The commonly known unit of power, the watt, is equivalent to one joule per second.
Electromagnetism
Electromagnet
Main article: Electromagnet
In an electromagnet a coil, of a large number of circular turns of insulated wire, wrapped on a cylindrical core, behaves like a magnet when an electric current flows through it. When the current is switched off, the coil loses its magnetism immediately. We call such a device as an electromagnet.[15][16]
According to Ampère's law, an electric current produces a magnetic field.
Electric current produces a magnetic field. The magnetic field can be visualized as a pattern of circular field lines surrounding the wire that persists as long as there is current.
Magnetism can also produce electric currents. When a changing magnetic field is applied to a conductor, an Electromotive force (EMF) is produced, and when there is a suitable path, this causes current.
Electric current can be directly measured with a galvanometer, but this method involves breaking the electrical circuit, which is sometimes inconvenient. Current can also be measured without breaking the circuit by detecting the magnetic field associated with the current. Devices used for this include Hall effect sensors, current clamps, current transformers, and Rogowski coils.
Radio waves
Main article: Radio waves
When an electric current flows in a suitably shaped conductor at radio frequencies radio waves can be generated. These travel at the speed of light and can cause electric currents in distant conductors.
Conduction mechanisms in various media
Main articles: Electrical conductivity and Charge transport mechanisms
In metallic solids, electric charge flows by means of electrons, from lower to higher electrical potential. In other media, any stream of charged objects (ions, for example) may constitute an electric current. To provide a definition of current independent of the type of charge carriers, conventional current is defined as moving in the same direction as the positive charge flow. So, in metals where the charge carriers (electrons) are negative, conventional current is in the opposite direction as the electrons. In conductors where the charge carriers are positive, conventional current is in the same direction as the charge carriers.
In a vacuum, a beam of ions or electrons may be formed. In other conductive materials, the electric current is due to the flow of both positively and negatively charged particles at the same time. In still others, the current is entirely due to positive charge flow. For example, the electric currents in electrolytes are flows of positively and negatively charged ions. In a common lead-acid electrochemical cell, electric currents are composed of positive hydrogen ions (protons) flowing in one direction, and negative sulfate ions flowing in the other. Electric currents in sparks or plasma are flows of electrons as well as positive and negative ions. In ice and in certain solid electrolytes, the electric current is entirely composed of flowing ions.
Metals
In a metal, some of the outer electrons in each atom are not bound to the individual atom as they are in insulating materials, but are free to move within the metal lattice. These conduction electrons can serve as charge carriers, carrying a current. Metals are particularly conductive because there are a large number of these free electrons, typically one per atom in the lattice. With no external electric field applied, these electrons move about randomly due to thermal energy but, on average, there is zero net current within the metal. At room temperature, the average speed of these random motions is 106 metres per second.[17] Given a surface through which a metal wire passes, electrons move in both directions across the surface at an equal rate. As George Gamow wrote in his popular science book, One, Two, Three...Infinity (1947), "The metallic substances differ from all other materials by the fact that the outer shells of their atoms are bound rather loosely, and often let one of their electrons go free. Thus the interior of a metal is filled up with a large number of unattached electrons that travel aimlessly around like a crowd of displaced persons. When a metal wire is subjected to electric force applied on its opposite ends, these free electrons rush in the direction of the force, thus forming what we call an electric current."
When a metal wire is connected across the two terminals of a DC voltage source such as a battery, the source places an electric field across the conductor. The moment contact is made, the free electrons of the conductor are forced to drift toward the positive terminal under the influence of this field. The free electrons are therefore the charge carrier in a typical solid conductor.
For a steady flow of charge through a surface, the current I (in amperes) can be calculated with the following equation:
I = Q t , {\displaystyle I={Q \over t}\,,}
where Q is the electric charge transferred through the surface over a time t. If Q and t are measured in coulombs and seconds respectively, I is in amperes.
More generally, electric current can be represented as the rate at which charge flows through a given surface as:
I = d Q d t . {\displaystyle I={\frac {\mathrm {d} Q}{\mathrm {d} t}}\,.}
Electrolytes
Main article: Conductivity (electrolytic)
Electric currents in electrolytes are flows of electrically charged particles (ions). For example, if an electric field is placed across a solution of Na+ and Cl− (and conditions are right) the sodium ions move towards the negative electrode (cathode), while the chloride ions move towards the positive electrode (anode). Reactions take place at both electrode surfaces, absorbing each ion.
Water-ice and certain solid electrolytes called proton conductors contain positive hydrogen ions ("protons") that are mobile. In these materials, electric currents are composed of moving protons, as opposed to the moving electrons in metals.
In certain electrolyte mixtures, brightly coloured ions are the moving electric charges. The slow progress of the colour makes the current visible.[18]
Gases and plasmas
In air and other ordinary gases below the breakdown field, the dominant source of electrical conduction is via relatively few mobile ions produced by radioactive gases, ultraviolet light, or cosmic rays. Since the electrical conductivity is low, gases are dielectrics or insulators. However, once the applied electric field approaches the breakdown value, free electrons become sufficiently accelerated by the electric field to create additional free electrons by colliding, and ionizing, neutral gas atoms or molecules in a process called avalanche breakdown. The breakdown process forms a plasma that contains enough mobile electrons and positive ions to make it an electrical conductor. In the process, it forms a light emitting conductive path, such as a spark, arc or lightning.
Plasma is the state of matter where some of the electrons in a gas are stripped or "ionized" from their molecules or atoms. A plasma can be formed by high temperature, or by application of a high electric or alternating magnetic field as noted above. Due to their lower mass, the electrons in a plasma accelerate more quickly in response to an electric field than the heavier positive ions, and hence carry the bulk of the current. The free ions recombine to create new chemical compounds (for example, breaking atmospheric oxygen into single oxygen [O2 → 2O], which then recombine creating ozone [O3]).[19]
Vacuum
Since a "perfect vacuum" contains no charged particles, it normally behaves as a perfect insulator. However, metal electrode surfaces can cause a region of the vacuum to become conductive by injecting free electrons or ions through either field electron emission or thermionic emission. Thermionic emission occurs when the thermal energy exceeds the metal's work function, while field electron emission occurs when the electric field at the surface of the metal is high enough to cause tunneling, which results in the ejection of free electrons from the metal into the vacuum. Externally heated electrodes are often used to generate an electron cloud as in the filament or indirectly heated cathode of vacuum tubes. Cold electrodes can also spontaneously produce electron clouds via thermionic emission when small incandescent regions (called cathode spots or anode spots) are formed. These are incandescent regions of the electrode surface that are created by a localized high current. These regions may be initiated by field electron emission, but are then sustained by localized thermionic emission once a vacuum arc forms. These small electron-emitting regions can form quite rapidly, even explosively, on a metal surface subjected to a high electrical field. Vacuum tubes and sprytrons are some of the electronic switching and amplifying devices based on vacuum conductivity.
Superconductivity
Main article: Superconductivity
Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields occurring in certain materials when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature. It was discovered by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes on April 8, 1911 in Leiden. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. It is characterized by the Meissner effect, the complete ejection of magnetic field lines from the interior of the superconductor as it transitions into the superconducting state. The occurrence of the Meissner effect indicates that superconductivity cannot be understood simply as the idealization of perfect conductivity in classical physics.
Semiconductor
Main article: Semiconductor
In a semiconductor it is sometimes useful to think of the current as due to the flow of positive "holes" (the mobile positive charge carriers that are places where the semiconductor crystal is missing a valence electron). This is the case in a p-type semiconductor. A semiconductor has electrical conductivity intermediate in magnitude between that of a conductor and an insulator. This means a conductivity roughly in the range of 10−2 to 104 siemens per centimeter (S⋅cm−1).
In the classic crystalline semiconductors, electrons can have energies only within certain bands (i.e. ranges of levels of energy). Energetically, these bands are located between the energy of the ground state, the state in which electrons are tightly bound to the atomic nuclei of the material, and the free electron energy, the latter describing the energy required for an electron to escape entirely from the material. The energy bands each correspond to a large number of discrete quantum states of the electrons, and most of the states with low energy (closer to the nucleus) are occupied, up to a particular band called the valence band. Semiconductors and insulators are distinguished from metals because the valence band in any given metal is nearly filled with electrons under usual operating conditions, while very few (semiconductor) or virtually none (insulator) of them are available in the conduction band, the band immediately above the valence band.
The ease of exciting electrons in the semiconductor from the valence band to the conduction band depends on the band gap between the bands. The size of this energy band gap serves as an arbitrary dividing line (roughly 4 eV) between semiconductors and insulators.
With covalent bonds, an electron moves by hopping to a neighboring bond. The Pauli exclusion principle requires that the electron be lifted into the higher anti-bonding state of that bond. For delocalized states, for example in one dimension – that is in a nanowire, for every energy there is a state with electrons flowing in one direction and another state with the electrons flowing in the other. For a net current to flow, more states for one direction than for the other direction must be occupied. For this to occur, energy is required, as in the semiconductor the next higher states lie above the band gap. Often this is stated as: full bands do not contribute to the electrical conductivity. However, as a semiconductor's temperature rises above absolute zero, there is more energy in the semiconductor to spend on lattice vibration and on exciting electrons into the conduction band. The current-carrying electrons in the conduction band are known as free electrons, though they are often simply called electrons if that is clear in context.
Current density and Ohm's law
Main article: Current density
Current density is a measure of the density of an electric current. It is defined as a vector whose magnitude is the electric current per cross-sectional area. In SI units, the current density is measured in amperes per square metre.
I = ∫ J → ⋅ d A → {\displaystyle I=\int {\vec {J}}\cdot d{\vec {A}}}
where I {\displaystyle I} is current in the conductor, J → {\displaystyle {\vec {J}}} is the current density, and d A → {\displaystyle d{\vec {A}}} is the differential cross-sectional area vector.
The current density (current per unit area) J → {\displaystyle {\vec {J}}} in materials with finite resistance is directly proportional to the electric field E → {\displaystyle {\vec {E}}} in the medium. The proportionality constant is called the conductivity σ {\displaystyle \sigma } of the material, whose value depends on the material concerned and, in general, is dependent on the temperature of the material:
J → = σ E → {\displaystyle {\vec {J}}=\sigma {\vec {E}}\,}
The reciprocal of the conductivity σ {\displaystyle \sigma } of the material is called the resistivity ρ {\displaystyle \rho } of the material and the above equation, when written in terms of resistivity becomes:
J → = E → ρ {\displaystyle {\vec {J}}={\frac {\vec {E}}{\rho }}} or
E → = ρ J → {\displaystyle {\vec {E}}=\rho {\vec {J}}}
Conduction in semiconductor devices may occur by a combination of drift and diffusion, which is proportional to diffusion constant D {\displaystyle D} and charge density α q {\displaystyle \alpha _{q}} . The current density is then:
J = σ E + D q ∇ n , {\displaystyle J=\sigma E+Dq\nabla n,}
with q {\displaystyle q} being the elementary charge and n {\displaystyle n} the electron density. The carriers move in the direction of decreasing concentration, so for electrons a positive current results for a positive density gradient. If the carriers are holes, replace electron density n {\displaystyle n} by the negative of the hole density p {\displaystyle p} .
In linear anisotropic materials, σ, ρ and D are tensors.
In linear materials such as metals, and under low frequencies, the current density across the conductor surface is uniform. In such conditions, Ohm's law states that the current is directly proportional to the potential difference between two ends (across) of that metal (ideal) resistor (or other ohmic device):
I = V R , {\displaystyle I={V \over R}\,,}
where I {\displaystyle I} is the current, measured in amperes; V {\displaystyle V} is the potential difference, measured in volts; and R {\displaystyle R} is the resistance, measured in ohms. For alternating currents, especially at higher frequencies, skin effect causes the current to spread unevenly across the conductor cross-section, with higher density near the surface, thus increasing the apparent resistance.
Drift speed
The mobile charged particles within a conductor move constantly in random directions, like the particles of a gas. (More accurately, a Fermi gas.) To create a net flow of charge, the particles must also move together with an average drift rate. Electrons are the charge carriers in metals and they follow an erratic path, bouncing from atom to atom, but generally drifting in the opposite direction of the electric field. The speed they drift at can be calculated from the equation:
I = n A v Q , {\displaystyle I=nAvQ\,,}
where
I {\displaystyle I} is the electric current
n {\displaystyle n} is number of charged particles per unit volume (or charge carrier density)
A {\displaystyle A} is the cross-sectional area of the conductor
v {\displaystyle v} is the drift velocity, and
Q {\displaystyle Q} is the charge on each particle.
Typically, electric charges in solids flow slowly. For example, in a copper wire of cross-section 0.5 mm2, carrying a current of 5 A, the drift velocity of the electrons is on the order of a millimetre per second. To take a different example, in the near-vacuum inside a cathode ray tube, the electrons travel in near-straight lines at about a tenth of the speed of light.
Any accelerating electric charge, and therefore any changing electric current, gives rise to an electromagnetic wave that propagates at very high speed outside the surface of the conductor. This speed is usually a significant fraction of the speed of light, as can be deduced from Maxwell's Equations, and is therefore many times faster than the drift velocity of the electrons. For example, in AC power lines, the waves of electromagnetic energy propagate through the space between the wires, moving from a source to a distant load, even though the electrons in the wires only move back and forth over a tiny distance.
The ratio of the speed of the electromagnetic wave to the speed of light in free space is called the velocity factor, and depends on the electromagnetic properties of the conductor and the insulating materials surrounding it, and on their shape and size.
The magnitudes (not the natures) of these three velocities can be illustrated by an analogy with the three similar velocities associated with gases. (See also hydraulic analogy.)
The low drift velocity of charge carriers is analogous to air motion; in other words, winds.
The high speed of electromagnetic waves is roughly analogous to the speed of sound in a gas (these waves move through the medium much faster than any individual particles do)
The random motion of charges is analogous to heat – the thermal velocity of randomly vibrating gas particles.
See also
Electronics portal
Current 3-vector
Direct current
Electric shock
Electrical measurements
History of electrical engineering
Hydraulic analogy
International System of Quantities
SI electromagnetism units
Single-phase electric power
Two-phase electric power
Three-phase electric power
References
Jump up ^ Horowitz, Paul; Hill, Winfield (2015). The art of electronics (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-80926-9.
Jump up ^ Anthony C. Fischer-Cripps (2004). The electronics companion. CRC Press. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-7503-1012-3.
Jump up ^ Lakatos, John; Oenoki, Keiji; Judez, Hector; Oenoki, Kazushi; Hyun Kyu Cho (March 1998). "Learn Physics Today!". Lima, Peru: Colegio Dr. Franklin D. Roosevelt. Archived from the original on 2009-02-27. Retrieved 2009-03-10.
Jump up ^ T. L. Lowe, John Rounce, Calculations for A-level Physics, p. 2, Nelson Thornes, 2002 ISBN 0-7487-6748-7.
Jump up ^ Howard M. Berlin, Frank C. Getz, Principles of Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement, p. 37, Merrill Pub. Co., 1988 ISBN 0-675-20449-6.
Jump up ^ K. S. Suresh Kumar, Electric Circuit Analysis, Pearson Education India, 2013, ISBN 9332514100, section 1.2.3 "'Current intensity' is usually referred to as 'current' itself."
Jump up ^ A-M Ampère, Recueil d'Observations Électro-dynamiques, p. 56, Paris: Chez Crochard Libraire 1822 (in French).
Jump up ^ Electric Power, vol. 6, p. 411, 1894.
Jump up ^ Consoliver, Earl L.; Mitchell, Grover I. (1920). Automotive ignition systems. McGraw-Hill. p. 4.
Jump up ^ Robert A. Millikan and E. S. Bishop (1917). Elements of Electricity. American Technical Society. p. 54.
Jump up ^ Oliver Heaviside (1894). Electrical papers. 1. Macmillan and Co. p. 283. ISBN 0-8218-2840-1.
Jump up ^ Andrew J. Robinson; Lynn Snyder-Mackler (2007). Clinical Electrophysiology: Electrotherapy and Electrophysiologic Testing (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-7817-4484-3.
Jump up ^ What is a Current Sensor and How is it Used?. Focus.ti.com. Retrieved on 2011-12-22.
Jump up ^ Andreas P. Friedrich, Helmuth Lemme The Universal Current Sensor. Sensorsmag.com (2000-05-01). Retrieved on 2011-12-22.
Jump up ^ We And Our World. D.A.V. College Managing Committee.
Jump up ^ From the book/ We And Our World
Jump up ^ "The Mechanism Of Conduction In Metals", Think Quest.
Jump up ^ Rudolf Holze, Experimental Electrochemistry: A Laboratory Textbook, page 44, John Wiley & Sons, 2009 ISBN 3527310983.
Jump up ^ "Lab Note #106 Environmental Impact of Arc Suppression". Arc Suppression Technologies. April 2011. Retrieved March 15, 2012.
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2017 BDO World Darts Championship
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Lakeside World Darts Championship
Tournament information
Dates
7–15 January 2017
Venue
Lakeside Country Club
Location
Frimley Green, Surrey
Country
England, United Kingdom
Organisation(s)
BDO
Format
Sets
Prize fund
£339,000 (total)
Winners share
£100,000 (men)
£12,000 (women)
£5,000 (youth)
High checkout
170 Darryl Fitton
170 Glen Durrant
Champion(s)
Glen Durrant (Men)
Lisa Ashton (Women)
Justin van Tergouw (Youth)
«2016 2018»
The 2017 Lakeside World Professional Darts Championship was the 40th World Championship organised by the British Darts Organisation, and the 32nd staging at the Lakeside Country Club at Frimley Green.
Contents
[hide]
1 Format and qualifiers
1.1 Men's
1.2 Women's
2 Draw bracket
2.1 Men
2.1.1 Preliminary Round
2.1.2 Last 32
2.2 Women
2.3 Youth
3 TV coverage
3.1 Channel 4
3.2 BT Sport
4 References
5 External links
Format and qualifiers[edit]
The cutoff for qualification through the BDO Invitational Tables was on 30 September 2016.[1][2] Additional qualifiers were determined in playoffs held on 30 November 2016.
Men's[edit]
Top 16 (Seeded)
Glen Durrant (Winner)
Scott Mitchell (Second round)
Danny Noppert (Runner-up)
Jamie Hughes (Semi-final)
Martin Adams (Quarter-final)
Scott Waites (Quarter-final)
Dean Reynolds (First round)
Darius Labanauskas (Quarter-final)
Wesley Harms (First round)
Darryl Fitton (Semi-final)
Mark McGeeney (Second round)
Brian Dawson (First round)
Jim Williams (Second round)
Richard Veenstra (Second round)
Geert de Vos (Quarter-final)
Martin Phillips (First round)
17–24 in BDO Rankings (First Round)
Tony O'Shea (First round)
Ross Montgomery (First round)
Wouter Vaes (First round)
Nick Kenny (First round)
Pip Blackwell (Second round)
James Hurrell (First round)
Conan Whitehead (First round)
Martin Atkins (First round)
25–26 in BDO Rankings (Preliminary Round)
Dennis Harbour (First round)
Jimmy Hendriks (Preliminary round)
2016 Finalist not in top 26 (Preliminary Round)
Jeff Smith (Second round)
Regional Table Qualifiers (Preliminary Round)
Seigo Asada (Preliminary round)
Raymond Smith (First round)
Dennis Nilsson (Preliminary round)
Ryan Joyce (First round)
David Cameron (First round)
Krzysztof Ratajski (Second round)
Craig Caldwell (Preliminary round)
Tom Sawyer (Preliminary round)
Roger Janssen (Preliminary round)
Playoff Qualifiers (Preliminary Round)
Paul Hogan (Second round)
Willem Mandigers (Preliminary round)
Mark McGrath (First round)
Davy Van Baelen (Preliminary round)
Women's[edit]
Top 8 (Seeded)
Deta Hedman (First round)
Lisa Ashton (Winner)
Aileen de Graaf (Semi-final)
Anastasia Dobromyslova (Semi-final)
Lorraine Winstanley (Quarter-final)
Trina Gulliver (Quarter-final)
Fallon Sherrock (Quarter-final)
Corrine Hammond (Runner-up)
9–14 in BDO Rankings
Sharon Prins (First round)
Rhian Griffiths (First round)
Anca Zijlstra (First round)
Rachel Brooks (First round)
Casey Gallagher (Quarter-final)
Claire Brookin (First round)
Playoff Qualifiers
Olive Byamukama (First round)
Patricia Farrell (First round)
Draw bracket[edit]
Men[edit]
[3]
Preliminary Round[edit]
All matches are the first to 3 sets.[4]
Av.
Player
Score
Player
Av.
81.69 (Q) Dennis Nilsson 0 – 3 Ryan Joyce (Q) 90.18
86.70 (Q) Seigo Asada 1 – 3 Jeff Smith (WC) 84.63
77.37 (Q) Roger Janssen 2 – 3 Mark McGrath (Q) 81.60
72.69 (Q) Tom Sawyer 0 – 3 Paul Hogan (Q) 85.65
88.05 (Q) Krzysztof Ratajski 3 – 2 Willem Mandigers (Q) 87.48
80.31 (Q) Raymond Smith 3 – 2 Davy Van Baelen (Q) 83.55
86.19 (Q) David Cameron 3 – 1 Jimmy Hendriks 86.40
79.74 (Q) Craig Caldwell 1 – 3 Dennis Harbour 81.99
Last 32[edit]
First Round (best of 5 sets)
7–10 January Second Round (best of 7 sets)
11–12 January Quarter-Finals (best of 9 sets)
13 January Semi-Finals (best of 11 sets)
14 January Final (best of 13 sets)
15 January
1 Glen Durrant 96.96 3
Nick Kenny 92.64 1
1 Glen Durrant 89.85 4
Q Paul Hogan 92.01 3
16 Martin Phillips 83.61 2
Q Paul Hogan 91.62 3
1 Glen Durrant 89.82 5
8 Darius Labanauskas 87.15 2
8 Darius Labanauskas 91.74 3
Conan Whitehead 83.46 1
8 Darius Labanauskas 89.37 4
Q Krzysztof Ratajski 86.76 3
9 Wesley Harms 84.27 0
Q Krzysztof Ratajski 84.15 3
1 Glen Durrant 96.27 6
4 Jamie Hughes 96.93 1
5 Martin Adams 91.74 3
Q Ryan Joyce 87.87 2
5 Martin Adams 89.94 4
WC Jeff Smith 89.31 1
12 Brian Dawson 87.24 2
WC Jeff Smith 91.71 3
5 Martin Adams 92.55 4
4 Jamie Hughes 91.89 5
4 Jamie Hughes 94.38 3
Martin Atkins 88.69 1
4 Jamie Hughes 84.96 4
13 Jim Williams 89.85 1
13 Jim Williams 82.62 3
Tony O'Shea 76.47 0
1 Glen Durrant 93.48 7
3 Danny Noppert 93.30 3
2 Scott Mitchell 87.81 3
Q Mark McGrath 78.54 0
2 Scott Mitchell 89.94 2
15 Geert De Vos 92.28 4
15 Geert De Vos 96.90 3
Q Raymond Smith 92.19 0
15 Geert De Vos 87.12 4
10 Darryl Fitton 89.97 5
7 Dean Reynolds 79.26 2
Pip Blackwell 81.36 3
Pip Blackwell 83.73 1
10 Darryl Fitton 87.75 4
10 Darryl Fitton 85.26 3
Wouter Vaes 79.65 0
10 Darryl Fitton 95.73 3
3 Danny Noppert 93.57 6
6 Scott Waites 90.54 3
Dennis Harbour 89.28 1
6 Scott Waites 88.14 4
11 Mark McGeeney 87.03 2
11 Mark McGeeney 90.96 3
James Hurrell 87.75 1
6 Scott Waites 94.41 3
3 Danny Noppert 95.58 5
3 Danny Noppert 98.06 3
Q David Cameron 86.77 1
3 Danny Noppert 91.02 4
14 Richard Veenstra 87.93 0
14 Richard Veenstra 91.47 3
Ross Montgomery 86.25 1
Women[edit]
First Round (best of 3 sets)
7-11 January Quarter-Finals (best of 3 sets)
12 January Semi-Finals (best of 3 sets)
13 January Final (best of 5 sets)
14 January
1 Deta Hedman 73.62 3 2 0
Casey Gallagher 79.86 2 3 3 Casey Gallagher 68.85 2 2
8 Corrine Hammond 70.44 3 3 8 Corrine Hammond 70.08 3 3
Q Patricia Farrell 61.26 1 0 8 Corrine Hammond 72.33 3 3
4 Anastasia Dobromyslova 85.50 0 3 3 4 Anastasia Dobromyslova 77.04 2 2
Rhian Griffiths 86.46 3 0 1 4 Anastasia Dobromyslova 82.20 3 1 3
5 Lorraine Winstanley 74.52 3 3 5 Lorraine Winstanley 71.76 0 3 1
Anca Zijlstra 63.51 0 0 8 Corrine Hammond 73.53 0 2 1
2 Lisa Ashton 87.06 3 3 2 Lisa Ashton 81.81 3 3 3
Sharon Prins 74.70 2 0 2 Lisa Ashton 81.12 3 3
7 Fallon Sherrock 78.39 3 3 7 Fallon Sherrock 76.05 1 2
Q Olive Byamukama 69.87 1 0 2 Lisa Ashton 85.44 3 3
3 Aileen de Graaf 76.44 3 3 3 Aileen de Graaf 75.24 0 1
Rachel Brooks 70.26 0 1 3 Aileen de Graaf 69.78 3 3
6 Trina Gulliver 72.00 3 3 6 Trina Gulliver 63.99 1 2
Claire Brookin 66.12 2 1
Youth[edit]
For the third consecutive year, a youth final was played on the Lakeside stage during the Championships. In November 2016, the Youth tournament was played down to the final two.[5][6] The final took place on 12 January, and was contested between 14 year old Nathan Girvan from Scotland and 16 year old Justin van Tergouw from the Netherlands. The format was first to three sets.
Justin van Tergouw was crowned champion, after only dropping one leg and recording a 3–0 victory, whilst throwing a three dart average of 88.20.[7][8]
Av.
Player
Score
Player
Av.
74.55 Nathan Girvan 0 – 3 Justin van Tergouw 88.20
TV coverage[edit]
Starting from this year's World Championship Channel 4 signed a 2-year deal to broadcast both the men's and women's World Championship.[9] Channel 4 showed afternoon games and the first semi final. BT Sport showed the evening games and the second semi final. The final was shown on both channels.
Outside of the United Kingdom, live coverage of all matches was provided by YouTube on the BDO's own channel.[10]
Channel 4[edit]
It was announced in December 2016 that Rob Walker would present Channel 4's World Darts coverage. He was joined in the studio by analysts Deta Hedman and Paul Nicholson. Bobby George also featured in Channel 4's coverage, however, unlike the BBC where he was their main pundit, he instead did 'special features'. Reporters for the tournament were Seema Jaswal and Danny Crates. In a similar arrangement that the BBC had with BT Sport, they shared commentary teams. This was led by John Rawling who was joined by Vassos Alexander and Jim Proudfoot in the commentary booth.
Channel 4 had the rights to all afternoon sessions, the first men's semi final, and shared coverage of the men's final.
BT Sport[edit]
BT Sport broadcast their 3rd BDO World Darts Championships. Ray Stubbs, who presented BT Sport's coverage of darts since its inception, moved to Talksport 2 and was replaced by Matt Smith. He was joined in the studio alongside two-time Lakeside semi finalist Chris Mason who acted as their analyst throughout the championships. They shared the same commentary team as Channel 4 which was led by John Rawling, with Vassos Alexander and Jim Proudfoot also in the commentary box, alongside Mason and Paul Nicholson. Reshmin Chowdury was BT Sport's roving reporter from the Lakeside once again. BT Sport broadcast each evening session, the 2nd men's semi final and shared coverage of the final.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Men's Invitational Table at 30/09/2016" (PDF). bdodarts.com. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Women's Invitational Table at 30/09/2016" (PDF). bdodarts.com. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
Jump up ^ http://www.dartsdatabase.co.uk/EventResults.aspx?EventKey=10984&showAverages=Y
Jump up ^ http://www.bdodarts.com/images/bdo-content/library/events/world-pro/world-pro-men-2016.pdf
Jump up ^ http://tungstenstories.com/van-tergouw-and-girvan-to-contest-lakeside-world-youth-final/
Jump up ^ https://www.thescottishsun.co.uk/news/356120/fourteen-year-old-wonder-kid-nathan-girvan-takes-on-worlds-top-flight-in-darts-showdown/
Jump up ^ http://bdodarts.com/worldpro-reports-6-1.php
Jump up ^ http://bdodarts.com/worldpro.php
Jump up ^ "Channel 4 agrees two-year deal to broadcast BDO World Darts Championships". Darts TV. Retrieved 25 October 2016.
Jump up ^ Ladies Darts Org [@LadiesDartsOrg] (6 January 2017). "Anyone outside the UK can watch the LAKESIDE WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP via the BDO Youtube Channel" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
External links[edit]
BDOdarts.com
LakesideWorldDarts.co.uk
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2019 PDC World Darts Championship

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values: Diving at the 2017 World Aquatics Championships

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values: 2017 IAAF World Cross Country Championships

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values: Category:January 2017 sports events in the United Kingdom

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values: BDO World Darts Championship 2017 – German

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