text:
Baroreceptor
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Baroreceptors (or archaically, pressoreceptors) are sensors located in the blood vessels of all vertebrate animals. They sense the blood pressure and relay the information to the brain, so that a proper blood pressure can be maintained.
Baroreceptors are a type of mechanoreceptor sensory neuron that are excited by a stretch of the blood vessel. Thus, increases in the pressure of blood vessel triggers increased action potential generation rates and provides information to the central nervous system. This sensory information is used primarily in autonomic reflexes that in turn influence the heart cardiac output and vascular smooth muscle to influence total peripheral resistance.[1] Baroreceptors act immediately as part of a negative feedback system called the baroreflex,[2] as soon as there is a change from the usual mean arterial blood pressure, returning the pressure toward a normal level. These reflexes help regulate short-term blood pressure. The solitary nucleus in the medulla oblongata of the brain recognizes changes in the firing rate of action potentials from the baroreceptors, and influences cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance.
Baroreceptors can be divided into two categories based on the type of blood vessel in which they are located: high-pressure arterial baroreceptors and low-pressure baroreceptors (also known as cardiopulmonary[3] or volume receptors[4]).
Contents
[hide]
1 Arterial baroreceptors
2 Low-pressure baroreceptors
3 Baroreceptor dysfunction
4 References
5 See Also
6 External links
Arterial baroreceptors[edit]
Arterial baroreceptors are stretch receptors that are stimulated by distortion of the arterial wall when pressure changes. The baroreceptors can identify the changes in both the average blood pressure or the rate of change in pressure with each arterial pulse. Action potentials triggered in the baroreceptor ending are then directly conducted to the brainstem where central terminations (synapses) transmit this information to neurons within the solitary nucleus. Reflex responses from such baroreceptor activity can trigger increases or decreases in the heart rate. Arterial baroreceptor sensory endings are simple, splayed nerve endings that lie in the tunica adventitia of the artery. An increase in the mean arterial pressure increases depolarization of these sensory endings, which results in action potentials. These action potentials are conducted to the solitary nucleus in the central nervous system by axons and have a reflex effect on the cardiovascular system through autonomic neurons.[5] Hormone secretions that target the heart and blood vessels are affected by the stimulation of baroreceptors.
At normal resting blood pressures, baroreceptors discharge with each heart beat. If blood pressure falls, such as on orthostatic hypotension or in hypovolaemic shock, baroreceptor firing rate decreases and baroreceptor reflexes act to help restore blood pressure by increasing heart rate. Signals from the carotid baroreceptors are sent via the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX). Signals from the aortic baroreceptors travel through the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X).[6] Arterial baroreceptors inform reflexes about arterial blood pressure but other stretch receptors in the large veins and right atrium convey information about the low pressure parts of the circulatory system.
Baroreceptors respond very quickly to maintain a stable blood pressure, but their responses diminish with time and thus are most effective for conveying short term changes in blood pressure. In people with essential hypertension the baroreceptors and their reflexes change and function to maintain the elevated blood pressure as if normal. The receptors then become less sensitive to change.[7]
Low-pressure baroreceptors[edit]
The low-pressure baroreceptors, are found in large systemic veins, in pulmonary vessels, and in the walls of the right atrium and ventricles of the heart (the atrial volume receptors).[4] The low-pressure baroreceptors are involved with the regulation of blood volume. The blood volume determines the mean pressure throughout the system, in particular in the venous side where most of the blood is held.
The low-pressure baroreceptors have both circulatory and renal effects; they produce changes in hormone secretion, resulting in profound effects on the retention of salt and water; they also influence intake of salt and water. The renal effects allow the receptors to change the mean pressure in the system in the long term.
Denervating these receptors 'fools' the body into thinking that it has too low blood volume and initiates mechanisms that retain fluid and so push up the blood pressure to a higher level than it would otherwise have.[citation needed]
Baroreceptor dysfunction[edit]
Baroreceptors are integral to the body’s function: Pressure changes in the blood vessels would not be detected as quickly in the absence of baroreceptors. When baroreceptors are not working, blood pressure continues to increase, but, within an hour, the blood pressure returns to normal as other blood pressure regulatory systems take over.[8]
Baroreceptors can also become oversensitive in some people (usually the carotid baroreceptors in older males). This can lead to bradycardia, dizziness and fainting (syncope) from touching the neck (often whilst shaving). This is an important cause to exclude in men having pre-syncope or syncope symptoms.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Heesch, C. M. (December 1999). "Reflexes that control cardiovascular function". The American Journal of Physiology. 277 (6 Pt 2): S234–243. ISSN 0002-9513. PMID 10644250.
Jump up ^ Stanfield, CL; Germann, WJ. (2008) Principles of Human Physiology, Pearson Benjamin Cummings. 3rd edition, pp.427.
Jump up ^ Levy, MN; Pappano, AJ. (2007) Cardiovascular Physiology, Mosby Elsevier. 9th edition, pp.172.
^ Jump up to: a b Stanfield, CL; Germann, WJ. (2008) Principles of Human Physiology, Pearson Benjamin Cummings. 3rd edition, pp.430-431.
Jump up ^ Stanfield, CL; Germann, WJ. (2008) Principles of Human Physiology, Pearson Benjamin Cummings. 3rd edition, pp.424-425.
Jump up ^ Bray, JJ; Cragg, PA; Macknight, ADC; Mills, RG. (1999) Lecture Notes on Human Physiology, Blackwell Publishing. 4th edition, pp.379.
Jump up ^ Levy, MN; Pappano, AJ. (2007) Cardiovascular Physiology, Mosby Elsevier. 9th edition, pp.171.
Jump up ^ Guyton, Arthur C. (1991). "Blood Pressure Control-Special Role of the Kidneys and Body Fluids". Science. 252 (5014): 1813–1816. doi:10.2307/2875873.
See Also[edit]
Atrial volume receptors
External links[edit]
Baroreceptors at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
[hide]
v
t
e
Sensory receptors
Touch
Mechanoreceptor
Vibration
Lamellar corpuscle
Light touch
Tactile corpuscle
Pressure
Merkel nerve ending
Stretch
Bulbous corpuscle
Pain
Free nerve ending
Nociceptors
Temperature
Thermoreceptors
Proprioception
Golgi organ
Muscle spindle
Intrafusal muscle fiber
Nuclear chain fiber
Nuclear bag fiber
Other
Hair cells
Baroreceptor
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Doppler fetal monitor
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This article contains instructions, advice, or how-to content. The purpose of Wikipedia is to present facts, not to train. Please help improve this article either by rewriting the how-to content or by moving it to Wikiversity, Wikibooks or Wikivoyage. (July 2016)
This article uses second-person ("you") inappropriately. Please rewrite it to use a more formal, encyclopedic tone. (July 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Doppler fetal monitor or Baby Heartbeat Monitors is a handheld ultrasound baby heartbeat monitor used to hear an embryo or fetus' heartbeat.
The Fetal Doppler is considered safe to use, since the waves emitted are about 40 times lower than that of an Ultrasound Machine.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Fetal Heart Rates
3 Types
4 Doppler auscultation in adults
5 See also
6 References
History[edit]
Invented in 1958 by Dr. Edward H. Hon,[1] a Fetal Doppler Monitors or Baby Heartbeat Monitors is a hand-held ultrasound transducer used to detect the fetal heartbeat for prenatal care. It uses the Doppler effect to provide an audible simulation of the heart beat. Some models also display the heart rate in beats per minute (BPM). Use of this monitor is sometimes known as Doppler auscultation. Doppler fetal monitors are commonly referred to simply as "Dopplers" or "Fetal Dopplers".
Doppler fetal monitors provide information about the fetus similar to that provided by a fetal stethoscope. One advantage of the Doppler fetal monitor over a (purely acoustic) fetal stethoscope is the electronic audio output, which allows people other than the user to hear the heartbeat. One disadvantage is the greater complexity and cost and the lower reliability of an electronic device.[citation needed]
Recording From a Fetal Doppler Monitor
Recording from a consumer grade fetal doppler monitor of a ~16 week fetus.
Problems playing this file? See media help.
Originally intended for use by health care professionals, this device is becoming popular for personal use.
Fetal Heart Rates[edit]
Starting at week 5 the fetal heart rate accelerates by 3.3 bpm per day for the next month.
The fetal heart begins to beat at approximately the same rate as the mother's, which is typically 80 to 85 bpm. The approximate fetal heart rate for weeks 5 to 9 (assuming a starting rate of 80):
Week 5 starts at 80 and ends at 103 bpm
Week 6 starts at 103 and ends at 126 bpm
Week 7 starts at 126 and ends at 149 bpm
Week 8 starts at 149 and ends at 172 bpm
At week 9 the fetal heartbeat tends to beat within a range of 155 to 195 bpm.
At this point, the fetal heart rate begins to decrease, and generally falls within the range of 120 to 160 bpm by week 12.[2]
Types[edit]
Dopplers for home or hospital use differ in the following ways:
Manufacturer: popular manufacturers are Baby Dopper, Sonoline, Newman Medical, Nicolet (purchased by Natus), Arjo-Huntleigh, and Summit Doppler (now Cooper Surgical).
Probe Type: waterproof or not. Waterproof probes are used for water births.
Probe Frequency: 2-MHz or 3-MHz probes. Most practitioners can find the heart rate with either probe. A 3-MHz probe is recommended to detect a heart rate in early pregnancy (8–10 weeks gestation). A 2-MHz probe is recommended for pregnant women who are overweight. The newer EchoHeart 5-MHz transvaginal probes aids in the detection of fetal heart tones (FHT) early in pregnancy (6–8 weeks) and for patients who have a retroverted uterus or throughout pregnancy for FHT detection for women who are obese.
Heart Rate Display: some Dopplers automatically display the heart rate on a built-in LCD; for others the fetal heart rate must be counted and timed by the practitioner.
A major advantage of being able to record and share the recording is that it can be emailed to a healthcare professional to be checked if there are any concerns about whether or not it is the baby's heart rate and whether or not is normal. Typically, they work from about 12 weeks.[citation needed]
The use of the word "Sonicaid" for Doppler fetal monitors comes from the products of the UK company Sonicaid Ltd. Sonicaid products included the D205/206 portable fetal Dopplers and FM2/3/4 series of fetal monitors. The company was acquired by Oxford Instruments in 1987 to form Oxford Sonicaid.
Doppler auscultation in adults[edit]
It was recently demonstrated that continuous Doppler enables the auscultation of valvular movements and blood flow sounds that are undetected during cardiac examination with a stethoscope in adults. The Doppler auscultation presented a sensitivity of 84% for the detection of aortic regurgitations while classic stethoscope auscultation presented a sensitivity of 58%. Moreover, Doppler auscultation was superior in the detection of impaired ventricular relaxation Since the physics of Doppler auscultation and classic auscultation are different, it has been suggested that both methods could complement each other.[3][4]
See also[edit]
Fetal heartbeat
Ultrasonic sensor
Ultrasound
Cardiotocograph
Nonstress test
Auscultation
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Roger K. Freeman, Thomas J. Garite, Michael P. Nageotte, Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring Third Edition, 2003, p. 3. "The earliest preliminary report of FHR monitoring came in 1958 from Edward Hon, MD,... via fetal ECG monitor on the maternal abdomen." Google Books citation
Jump up ^ FetalSure. Fetal Heart and Heartbeat Facts. Available at http://www.fetalsure.com/fetal-heart.html. Retrieved 9 August 2010.
Jump up ^ Mc Loughlin MJ, Mc Loughlin S (2012). "Cardiac auscultation: Preliminary findings of a pilot study using continuous Wave Doppler and comparison with classic auscultation". Int J Cardiol. 167: 590–591. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.09.223.
Jump up ^ Auscultación Cardíaca Normal Con Estetoscopio Doppler Continuo: Un nuevo método 200 años después de Laennec (Spanish Edition) https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Daps&field-keywords=mc%20loughlin%20santiago
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doppler_fetal_monitor&oldid=804329419"
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Port St. Lucie, Florida
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Port St. Lucie
City
City of Port St. Lucie
PGA Golf Club in Port St. Lucie
Motto(s): A City for All Ages

Location in St. Lucie County and the state of Florida

U.S. Census Map
Coordinates: 27°16′33″N 80°21′18″W / 27.27583°N 80.35500°W / 27.27583; -80.35500Coordinates: 27°16′33″N 80°21′18″W / 27.27583°N 80.35500°W / 27.27583; -80.35500
Country
United States
State
Florida
County
St. Lucie
Incorporated
April 27, 1903
Government
• Mayor
Greg Oravec[1]
Area[2]
• City
120.51 sq mi (312.11 km2)
• Land
118.89 sq mi (307.92 km2)
• Water
1.62 sq mi (4.19 km2)
Elevation
16 ft (5 m)
Population (2010)[3]
• City
164,603
• Estimate (2016)[4]
185,132
• Rank
US: 142nd
• Density
1,557.18/sq mi (601.23/km2)
• Urban
376,047 (US: 101st)
• Metro
438,095 (US: 116th)
Time zone
Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
• Summer (DST)
EDT (UTC-4)
FIPS code
12-58715
GNIS feature ID
0308089[5]
Website
City of Port St. Lucie
Port St. Lucie is a city in St. Lucie County, Florida, United States. It is the most populous municipality in the county with a population of 164,603 at the 2010 census due to its rapid growth during the 2000s. In 2013, the state of Florida estimated the city's population at 171,016.[6] Port St. Lucie forms part of a metropolitan area called the Port St. Lucie, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area that in 2013 was estimated to have 438,095 residents. As of 2015, the city had 179,413 residents, surpassing Fort Lauderdale in population.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Demographics
2.1 Languages
3 Geography
3.1 Climate
4 Transportation
4.1 Major highways
5 Sports
6 Education
7 Government
8 Notable people
9 Sister cities
10 In popular culture
11 References
12 External links
History[edit]
Port St. Lucie was a largely uninhabited tract of land south of White City in the 1950s, composed of a fishing camp, a few farms and businesses near U.S. 1. In 1958, with a budget of $5, the General Development Corporation (GDC) purchased the River Park development and 40,000 acres (160 km2) along the North Fork of the St. Lucie River.[7] In 1959, the GDC opened its first bridge over the St. Lucie River, allowing for direct automobile access to Port St. Lucie.
By February 25, 1961 there were 250 homes in the new city. GDC requested the state legislature to incorporate 70 miles (110 km), along with the River Park settlement, into the City of Port St. Lucie. River Park did not incorporate into the city at the request of its residents. Port St. Lucie became a city on April 27, 1961 with the passage of House Bill No. 953, proposed by State Representative Rupert Smith and approved by Florida Governor C. Farris Bryant.[8]
In the early 1990s, Core Communities (CC), acquired and began planning what would become St. Lucie West.[citation needed] Originally, St. Lucie West was to have contained about 14,000 homes over a 20-year period on 7 square miles (18 km2).[citation needed] But after realizing the community's strategic position, they began developing it into more than just a residential area. CC began building business sectors and places of entertainment and leisure. That resulted in 7,000 jobs being brought to the small town, helping it into its boom during most of the early 2000s.[9]
In 2006, CC started development of its newest community, Tradition.[citation needed] The community, which sits west of the Interstate 95 intersection of Gatlin Blvd., was a large cattle ranch before CC began to develop it. There they built around 13,000,000 square feet (1,200,000 m2) of commercial area, and room for over 18,000 residences. According to CC's website, Tradition is the largest fully entitled residential development area from the tip of Interstate 95 to the Canada–U.S. border.[citation needed] It is modeled after a 1950s-era town. According to its website, Tradition Square, the town center of the community, holds festivities year-round. It was also chosen as the site of HGTV's Green Home 2009, and one of America's best 100 communities.[9]
In 2007, the housing market began to collapse and unemployment started to rise. As of February 2009, unemployment was at 10½ percent and in 2008, nearly 11,000 homes went into foreclosure. This prompted the county government to consider declaring itself a disaster area. Doing so would have given county administrators access to $17 million in county emergency reserve funds. That money, combined with a transportation fund and other accounts, would give St. Lucie $20 – $30 million to spend on building projects: research parks, highways and other infrastructure improvements.[10]
In 2008, Tradition and Core Communities welcomed the Florida Center of Innovation, a research laboratory and campus, which has a building in Tradition for two biotech and life science companies, the Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies and the Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute. This campus alone is projected to bring more than 30,000 jobs to the city of Port St. Lucie.[9]
Demographics[edit]
Historical population
Census
Pop.
%±
1970 330 —
1980 14,690 4,351.5%
1990 55,866 280.3%
2000 88,769 58.9%
2010 164,603 85.4%
Est. 2016 185,132 [4] 12.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
Port St. Lucie Demographics
2010 Census Port St. Lucie St. Lucie County Florida
Total population 164,603 277,789 18,801,310
Population, percent change, 2000 to 2010 +85.4% +44.2% +17.6%
Population density 1,444.5/sq mi 485.7/sq mi 350.6/sq mi
White or Caucasian (including White Hispanic) 74.3% 71.8% 75.0%
(Non-Hispanic White or Caucasian) 61.6% 61.2% 57.9%
Black or African-American 16.3% 19.1% 16.0%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 18.4% 16.6% 22.5%
Asian 2.0% 1.6% 2.4%
Native American or Native Alaskan 0.4% 0.4% 0.4%
Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian 0.1% 0.1% 0.1%
Two or more races (Multiracial) 3.0% 2.6% 2.5%
Some Other Race 3.9% 4.4% 3.6%
As of 2000, 31.6% of households had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.8% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.1% were non-families. 18.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.9% had someone living alone who was aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 2.94. As of the 2010 census the population was 61.6% non-Hispanic white, 15.6% non-Hispanic black, 0.8% Hispanic black, 0.4% Native American, 0.5% Asian Indian, 1.5% other Asian, 0.1% Pacific Island, 0.4% non-Hispanics reporting some other race alone, 3.0% from two or more races, and 17.6% non-black Hispanics.
In 2000, the city's population was spread out with 24.3% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 22.8% from 45 to 64, and 18.8% who were 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 94.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males.
In 2000, the median income for a household in the city was $40,509, and the median income for a family was $44,162. Males had a median income of $18,730 versus $16,702 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,059. About 15.7% of families and 17.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.1% of those under age 18 and 9.8% of those age 65 or over.
Languages[edit]
As of 2000, 88.05% of residents spoke English as their first language, while 6.59% spoke Spanish, 1.34% spoke Italian, 1.00% spoke French, 0.60% spoke German, and 0.50% spoke Haitian Creole as their mother tongue. In total, 11.94% of the total population spoke languages other than English.[12]
Geography[edit]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 76.7 sq mi (198.6 km2), of which 75.5 sq mi (195.6 km2) is land and 1.2 sq mi (3.0 km2) (1.50%) is water.[13]
Climate[edit]
Port St. Lucie features a warm humid subtropical climate, falling just short of having a true tropical climate. Summers are usually hot, with high temperatures averaging in the low 90s. Winters are usually mild to warm, with average high temperatures in the 70s. The average yearly precipitation is around 53.5 in.[14]
Port St. Lucie was hit directly by Hurricane Frances (as a Category 2 hurricane) on September 4, 2004, and by Hurricane Jeanne (as a Category 3 hurricane) on September 26, 2004. On October 24, 2005 Port St. Lucie was hit directly by Hurricane Wilma (as a Category 3 hurricane).
[hide]Climate data for Port Saint Lucie, Florida
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °F (°C)
89
(32) 90
(32) 92
(33) 97
(36) 98
(37) 101
(38) 101
(38) 98
(37) 99
(37) 96
(36) 92
(33) 89
(32) 101
(38)
Average high °F (°C)
74
(23) 75
(24) 79
(26) 82
(28) 86
(30) 90
(32) 92
(33) 91
(33) 90
(32) 86
(30) 81
(27) 76
(24) 83
(28)
Average low °F (°C)
51
(11) 52
(11) 56
(13) 61
(16) 67
(19) 71
(22) 72
(22) 72
(22) 72
(22) 67
(19) 60
(16) 54
(12) 63
(17)
Record low °F (°C)
23
(−5) 28
(−2) 26
(−3) 33
(1) 45
(7) 56
(13) 64
(18) 61
(16) 60
(16) 42
(6) 31
(−1) 26
(−3) 23
(−5)
Average precipitation inches (mm)
2.7
(69) 2.9
(76) 3.3
(83) 2.8
(70) 4.4
(111) 5.8
(148) 5.8
(147) 6.4
(161) 7.8
(198) 5.8
(148) 3.5
(89) 2.3
(58) 53.5
(1,359)
Source: Weather Channel[15]
Transportation[edit]
Port St. Lucie is served by the St. Lucie Transportation Planning Organization (TPO).[16] The TPO is a Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO), a federally mandated and federally funded transportation policy-making organization responsible for transportation planning, programming, and financing of State and Federal Transportation Funds for the City of Port St. Lucie. The TPO is governed by a TPO Board, which is composed of elected officials, representatives from the St. Lucie County School Board, and representatives from Community Transit, a division of The Council on Aging of St. Lucie, Inc.[17] The original bus system started out as a demand response service bus in the 1990s, it only served St. Lucie County. Soon it expanded to a fixed route system, going to predetermined locations along a route. On June 3, 2002, the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT)[18] approved funding, expanding the bus service to Martin County, and became the Treasure Coast Connector.[19]
Major highways[edit]
Florida's Turnpike (State Road 91) is the only toll road in St. Lucie County, which is the northernmost place where the Turnpike and Interstate 95 run close to each other. The Turnpike has 2 exits within Port St. Lucie's city limits: Port St. Lucie Boulevard (SR 716) and Becker Road. For most of its route through St. Lucie County, the Turnpike is east of I-95. The Turnpike provides access to Orlando to the north, and Miami to the southeast.
Interstate 95 (State Road 9) is in the western portion of the city. It is 6 lanes wide (3 in each direction), and provides access to Miami and Jacksonville. Exits include exit 126 (Midway Road), exit 121 (St. Lucie West Blvd.), exit 120 (Crosstown Parkway), exit 118 (Gatlin Blvd./Tradition Pkwy.), and exit 114 (Becker Rd.).[20]
U.S. 1 (State Road 5) almost runs parallel to Interstate 95, and runs from Key West to Jacksonville, where it crosses into Georgia at Folkston. Its route through the city extends from Lennard Road to Midway Road.
Sports[edit]
PGA Village golf complex
The city is home to New York Mets spring training, the St. Lucie Mets Florida State League team and the Mets rookie level team in the Gulf Coast League. All three play at First Data Field. The Treasure Coast Galleons, a semi-pro soccer team also calls Port St. Lucie its home.The city also has two soccer clubs both with recreation and competitive play. Mako soccer club and the Port Saint Lucie soccer club are the stated soccer clubs. There is a golf complex, the PGA Village with 54 holes of golf, a learning center and a historical center. The city also hosted the Ginn Classic at Tesoro, the city's first ever PGA Tour Event, in 2007.[21] Port St. Lucie is also the home of the 2009 & 2011 National Champions in Pop Warner Football Pop Warner Little Scholars. The 2009 Jr. Midget team went 16 - 0 en route to winning the Pop Warner National Championship at Disney's Wide World of Sports Complex.[22] The 2011 Jr. Peewee team went 17 - 0 in winning the National Championship.[23]
Education[edit]
Port St. Lucie is served by St. Lucie County Public Schools, which is a school district which serves the rest of St. Lucie County, FL. In Port St. Lucie, there are six elementary schools, seven K–8 schools, three high schools, and three post-secondary institutions. The three public high schools in Port St. Lucie are Port St. Lucie High School, St. Lucie West Centennial High School, and Treasure Coast High School. The three post-secondary institutions operated in Port St. Lucie are Indian River State College, Barry University, and Keiser University.
Government[edit]
City Council
Mayor Gregory J. Oravec
Vice Mayor Shannon Martin-District 3
Councilwoman Stephanie Morgan-District 1
Councilman John Carvelli-District 2
Councilwoman Jolien Caraballo-District 4
City Manager
Russ Blackburn
Notable people[edit]
Rick Ankiel, professional baseball player
Mario Bencastro, Salvadorian novelist
Michael Brantley, professional baseball player
Megan Fox, American actress
Ace Hood, hip hop artist
Vanilla Ice, hip hop artist
Larry Sanders (basketball), professional basketball player
Fabrizio Scaccia, professional football player
Din Thomas, UFC fighter
Mickey Wright, LPGA Hall of Fame
Sister cities[edit]
Putuo, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
In popular culture[edit]
A fictional version of Port St. Lucie is the setting for JoJo's Bizarre Adventure Part 6: Stone Ocean.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Nicole Rodriguez. "Greg Oravec wins Port St. Lucie mayor's race - TC Palm". TCP. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
Jump up ^ "2016 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved Jul 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2014-08-01.
^ Jump up to: a b "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
Jump up ^ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2014-08-01.
Jump up ^ http://www.portstluciehistoricalsociety.org/pslhistory2.htm Archived October 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ http://www.portstluciehistoricalsociety.org Archived 2008-10-05 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-12-08. Retrieved 2010-10-02.
Jump up ^ "Hard-Hit Boomtown Considers Emergency Measures". NPR.org. 18 February 2009. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
Jump up ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ Modern Language Association Data Center Results of Port Saint Lucie, FL
Jump up ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
Jump up ^ Average Weather for Port Saint Lucie, FL - Temperature and Precipitation
Jump up ^ "Average Weather for Port Saint Lucie, FL - Temperature and Precipitation". Retrieved 8 April 2009.
Jump up ^ "St Lucie TPO". stlucietpo.org. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
Jump up ^ "COASL: Our Services - Transportation". coasl.com. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Florida Department of Transportation - Home Archived 2011-07-09 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Treasure Coast Connector: Home". treasurecoastconnector.com. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Laurie K. Blandford. "Becker Road interchange should make things easier for Port St. Lucie residents". TCP. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
Jump up ^ PGATOUR.COM - Ginn Resorts to host PGA TOUR event Archived October 31, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ http://www.popwarner.com/09superbowl/pop.asp
Jump up ^ http://www.popwarner.com/11superbowl/jrpeeweebrackets.asp
External links[edit]
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Port St. Lucie.
City of Port St. Lucie
St. Lucie County Chamber of Commerce
[show]
Places adjacent to Port St. Lucie, Florida
Unincorporated St. Lucie County White City, River Park Fort Pierce
Okeechobee
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Port_St._Lucie,_Florida&oldid=814607266"
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values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

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values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

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Language settings
0
button
true

values: بورت سانت لوسي – Arabic

values: پورت سنت لوسی، فلوریدا – South Azerbaijani

values: Port St. Lucie (Florida) – Chinese (Min Nan)

values: پورت سنت لوسی، فلوریدا – Persian

values: 포트세인트루시 – Korean

values: פורט סנט לוסי – Hebrew

values: Port Saint Lucie, Florid – Haitian Creole

values: पोर्ट सन्त लुसी, फ्लोरिडा – Newari

values: ポートセントルーシー (フロリダ州) – Japanese

values: Порт-Сент-Луси – Russian

values: Port St. Lucie, Florida – Simple English

values: Порт Сент Луси – Serbian

values: Port St. Lucie, Florida – Serbo-Croatian

values: Порт-Сент-Люсі – Ukrainian

values: پورٹ سینٹ لوسی، فلوریڈا – Urdu

values: 聖露西港 (佛羅里達州) – Chinese

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