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The Way, Way Back
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The Way, Way Back
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Nat Faxon
Jim Rash
Produced by
Tom Rice
Kevin J. Walsh
Written by
Nat Faxon
Jim Rash
Starring
Liam James
Sam Rockwell
Steve Carell
Toni Collette
Allison Janney
AnnaSophia Robb
Maya Rudolph
Rob Corddry
Amanda Peet
Music by
Rob Simonsen
Cinematography
John Bailey
Edited by
Tatiana S. Riegel
Production
company
Sycamore Pictures
Odd Lot Entertainment
Distributed by
Fox Searchlight Pictures (United States) StudioCanal (Australia)
Release date
January 21, 2013 (2013-01-21) (Sundance)
July 5, 2013 (2013-07-05) (United States)
Running time
103 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$5 million[2]
Box office
$26.5 million[3][4]
The Way, Way Back is a 2013 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Nat Faxon and Jim Rash in their directorial debut. The film stars Liam James, Steve Carell, Toni Collette, Allison Janney, AnnaSophia Robb, Sam Rockwell and Maya Rudolph, with Rob Corddry, Amanda Peet, Faxon and Rash in supporting roles. It premiered at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival.[5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Box office
4 Reception
5 Soundtrack
6 Accolades
7 References
8 External links
Plot[edit]
Fourteen-year-old Duncan from Albany, New York reluctantly goes on summer vacation to a beach house in a small seaside town near Cape Cod, Massachusetts with his mother, Pam; her wealthy boyfriend, Trent; and Trent's stuck up daughter, Steph. Trent emotionally belittles Duncan, frequently making comments and gestures that are condescending and rude to him. Steph follows suit in attitude towards him and is spoiled by Trent. On the way to the beach house, Trent asks Duncan to rate himself on a scale of one to ten; Duncan rates himself a six while Trent tells him he thinks Duncan is a three. They arrive at the beach house and are greeted by the neighbors: the gregarious, hard-drinking Betty; her children Susanna and Peter; and married couple Kip and Joan. Later that evening, Duncan and Susanna have an awkward conversation from their adjacent porches.
Duncan discovers a small girl's bicycle in the garage of the beach house and uses it to begin exploring the town. At a pizza restaurant, he runs into the staff of Water Wizz, the local water park. He meets Owen, who is playing Pac-Man, and eventually Owen takes Duncan under his wing and shows him around the park. Duncan meets the park's colorful, rag-tag group of employees: Caitlin, Lewis, and Roddy. Several kids at the water park speak reverently of a legendary pass in the tube slide, wondering how it could have been done. Owen hires Duncan for odd jobs at Water Wizz.
Outside the park, Duncan is continually neglected by his mother, Pam, who indulges in drinking, staying out at night, and smoking marijuana with other adult vacationers. At a Fourth of July cookout, Susanna sees that he is upset about this and invites him to go hunting for ghost crabs with her and Peter, where she talks about her absent father and helps Duncan to open up. Later that night, Duncan witnesses Trent and Joan kissing by the side of the house, but does not reveal what he saw.
Pam begins to suspect Trent and Joan are having an affair, but Trent convinces her nothing is going on. Later, Duncan confronts Pam in front of friends and neighbors and tells her to face up to Trent's affair and get rid of him. Trent in retaliation tells Duncan his divorced father does not want him. Duncan stalks away. Susanna follows him and comforts Duncan out on the beach. Duncan attempts to kiss Susanna, but she moves away, which makes him become even more upset. Accompanied by Peter, Duncan sneaks away to Water Wizz where Owen is throwing a going away party for Lewis.
After spending all night with his friends at Water Wizz, Duncan is still at the park the next morning, refusing to leave. Owen confronts him and asks him why he does not want to go home. Duncan opens up to Owen about his relationship with Trent and how the water park is the only place where he feels happy and accepted. Owen sympathizes with Duncan's problems.
When Duncan arrives back at the beach house, Pam tells him they are leaving with Trent and Steph. Betty and her kids arrive to say their goodbyes. Susanna finally kisses Duncan. When Trent stops for gas on their way out of town, Duncan jumps out of the station wagon and runs to Water Wizz, followed by his mother, then Trent and Steph. Duncan tells Owen and the other employees that he has to leave and tells Owen to follow him. He takes Owen to the Devil's Peak slide, and Duncan becomes the first person to ever pass someone in the water slide while the rest of the park watches. After finally introducing Owen to his mother, Duncan says goodbye to everyone at the park. Owen tells Pam she has a great kid, and introduces himself to Trent as "a good friend of the three". Trent, Steph, Pam and Duncan regroup in the car, where Pam finally stands up for herself as they head out of town. Pam climbs to the way, way back of the car where Duncan is sitting and they share a smile as Trent's protests are heard in the background.
Cast[edit]
Liam James as Duncan
Steve Carell as Trent Ramsey
Toni Collette as Pam
Sam Rockwell as Owen
AnnaSophia Robb as Susanna Thompson
Allison Janney as Betty Thompson
Maya Rudolph as Caitlin
Rob Corddry as Kip
Amanda Peet as Joan
Jim Rash as Lewis
Nat Faxon as Roddy
Robert Capron as Kyle
River Alexander as Peter Thompson
Ava Deluca-Verley as Katy
Zoe Levin as Steph Ramsey
Box office[edit]
The film had its premiere screening at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival.[5] The film became one of the most financially successful films to come out of the festival that year, outperforming well-known entries and Oscar-nominated films from the previous year.[6] It was released on July 5, 2013 in 19 theaters and surpassed box office expectations, averaging an impressive $30,263 per screen and grossing $525,000 total for the weekend.[7] On July 15, 2013, the film was added to an additional 60 theaters, and grossed $1,110,000. The film ended up earning $21,506,546 in North America and $4,968,374 elsewhere for a total of $26,474,920.[4][3]
Reception[edit]
The Way, Way Back received positive reviews and has a rating of 85% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 172 reviews with an average score of 7.3 out of 10. The consensus states, "Despite its familiar themes, The Way Way Back makes use of its talented cast, finely tuned script, and an abundance of charm to deliver a funny and satisfying coming-of-age story".[8] The film also has a score of 68 out of 100 on Metacritic based on 41 reviews.[9]
Inkoo Kang of The Village Voice called, The Way, Way Back "a crowd-pleasing summer treat, predictable in its sweetness but satisfying all the same".[10] BBC Radio 5 Live film critic Mark Kermode praised the performances of Sam Rockwell, Toni Collette, Allison Janney and Maya Rudolph and similarly reasoned that whilst "it's not world-changing, or earth-shattering" the film is "really sweet and funny".[11] David Gritten of The Telegraph also praised the scene-stealing performances of Janney and Rockwell, concluding that despite a flood of similar coming-of-age films released in 2013 the film "feels warm, funny—and even fresh".[12] Catherine Shoard of The Guardian gave the film a positive review, concluding that "for all the longueurs, there are still enough moments of near brilliance to sustain you through the trip".[13] Betsy Sharkey of the Los Angeles Times commended the film's quirky dialogue and cast performances, calling the film "witty, heartwarming, hopeful, sentimental, searing and relatable".[14]
Sam Rockwell's performance was met with critical praise, with many critics agreeing that his performance was deserving of an Academy Award nomination.[15][16] MaryAnn Johanson of Flick Filosopher said that Rockwell "makes the biggest splash with a sizzling supporting performance. Not only is he naturally funny, but he has the great ability to make every sharp line of dialogue sound freshly improvised."[17]
By contrast The A.V. Club gave the film a C+, describing it as "generically constructed" and "never as refreshing as it’s constantly straining to be".[18]
Soundtrack[edit]
Heather Phares of Allmusic gave the film 7/10 stars saying:
The charming coming of age comedy The Way Way Back soundtracks its tale of 14-year-old Duncan's fateful summer working at the Water Wizz water park with bouncy '80s hits and indie rock. ... While the collection isn't as consistent as the soundtracks to like-minded films such as Juno or Little Miss Sunshine, it still has enough personality to be an entertaining set of songs.[19]
"For the Time Being" – Edie Brickell/The Gaddabouts
"Kyrie" – Mr. Mister
"Out the Door" – Ben Kweller
"Come and See" – Young Galaxy
"Last Legs" – Army Navy
"Young Blood" – UFO
"Shine" – Wild Belle
"New Sensation" – INXS
"Sneaking Sally Through the Alley" – Robert Palmer
"Young at Heart" – The Rondo Brothers/Tim Myers
"Recess" – Eli "Paperboy" Reed
"Power Hungry Animals" – The Apache Relay
"Alone" – Trampled by Turtles
"Go Where the Love Is" – Edie Brickell/The Gaddabouts
"The Way Way Back" – Rob Simonsen[19]
Other songs
"Can't Fight This Feeling" – REO Speedwagon[20]
Accolades[edit]
Awards
Award
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result
AARP Annual Movies for Grownups Awards[21] Best Comedy The Way, Way Back Won
Critics' Choice Movie Awards[22] Best Comedy Nominated
Best Actor in a Comedy Sam Rockwell Nominated
Best Young Actor/Actress Liam James Nominated
MTV Movie Awards[23] Best Breakthrough Performance Liam James Nominated
Online Film Critics Society[24] Best Supporting Actor Sam Rockwell Nominated
Phoenix Film Critics Society Awards 2013[25] Best Actor in a Supporting Role Sam Rockwell Nominated
Best Ensemble Acting Nominated
Breakthrough Performance on Camera Liam James Nominated
Best Performance by a Youth in a Lead or Supporting Role – Male Liam James Nominated
San Diego Film Critics Society[26] Best Supporting Actor Sam Rockwell Nominated
Best Ensemble Performance Nominated
St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association[27] Best Comedy Nominated
Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association[28] Best Acting Ensemble Nominated
Best Youth Performance Liam James Nominated
Young Artist Awards[29] Best Leading Young Actor in a Feature Film Liam James Nominated
Best Supporting Young Actor in a Feature Film River Alexander Nominated
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "THE WAY WAY BACK (12A)". British Board of Film Classification. May 16, 2014. Retrieved May 16, 2013.
Jump up ^ Chai, Barbara (July 3, 2013). "The Water Park Behind 'The Way, Way Back'". The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company. Retrieved October 29, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Way Way Back (2013)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Way, Way Back (2013) - International Box Office Results - Box Office Mojo". boxofficemojo.com.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Way, Way Back | | Archives | Sundance Institute". filmguide.sundance.org. Archived from the original on December 30, 2012. Retrieved March 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Sundance 2013 Pickups Are Outperforming Last Year's Crop - TheWrap". thewrap.com. Retrieved March 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Specialty Box Office: 'Way, Way Back' Scores Strong Debut; 'Midnight' Tops 'Sunrise' and 'Sunset' | Filmmakers, Film Industry, Film Festivals, Awards & Movie Reviews | Indiewire". indiewire.com. Retrieved March 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Way, Way Back". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved October 29, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Way Way Back". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved October 29, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Way, Way Back Offers a Sugar High, but Not Much More", The Village Voice, July 3, 2013. Retrieved on July 12, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Mark Kermode reviews The Way Way Back", Kermode And Mayo's Film Review. Retrieved on August 31, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Way, Way Back, review", The Telegraph. Retrieved on August 31, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Way, Way Back – review", The Guardian. Retrieved on August 31, 2013.
Jump up ^ Betsy Sharkey (July 4, 2013). "Movie review: The Way, Way Back has a sweet side and a sting – review". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 2, 2013.
Jump up ^ Seibert, Perry. "The Way Way Back Review". Retrieved 13 August 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Way Way Back - Movie Review". Retrieved 13 August 2015.
Jump up ^ Johanson, MaryAnn. "The Way, Way Back review: how to escape from your family". Retrieved 13 August 2015.
Jump up ^ Dowd, A.A., The Way, Way Back, A. V. Club, July 4, 2013, Retrieved December 23, 2013
^ Jump up to: a b Heather Phares (July 3, 2013). "TheWay Way Back - Original Soundtrack". Allmusic. Retrieved September 4, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Way, Way Back". Cinema de Merde. July 12, 2013. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
Jump up ^ "AARP Names '12 Years a Slave' Best Movie for Grownups". AFI. January 6, 2014. Retrieved January 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ "19TH ANNUAL CRITICS' CHOICE MOVIE AWARDS NOMINATIONS". Retrieved December 31, 2013.
Jump up ^ "MTV announces 2014 Movie Award nominees". USA Today. 6 March 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2014.
Jump up ^ "Online Film Critics Announce Nominees; Miyazaki and To Surprise with Multiple Nominations". Indiewire. December 9, 2013. Retrieved March 9, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Phoenix Film Critics Society 2013 Award Nominations". Phoenix Film Critics Society. Retrieved March 9, 2014.
Jump up ^ "2013 San Diego Film Critics Society nominations". Hitfix. December 10, 2013. Retrieved March 9, 2014.
Jump up ^ "2013 St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association nominations". Hitfix. December 9, 2013. Retrieved March 9, 2014.
Jump up ^ "2013 Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association winners". Hitfix. December 8, 2013. Retrieved March 9, 2014.
Jump up ^ "35th Annual Young Artist Awards". Young Artist Awards. Retrieved April 14, 2014.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: The Way, Way Back
The Way, Way Back on IMDb
The Way, Way Back at Rotten Tomatoes
The Way, Way Back at Metacritic
The Way, Way Back at Box Office Mojo
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Kanawha River
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Kanawha Valley" redirects here. For the urban agglomeration sometimes referred to as "the Kanawha Valley", see Charleston, West Virginia metropolitan area.
Kanawha River
River
Kanawha River at St. Albans, West Virginia
Country
United States
State
West Virginia
Counties
Fayette, Kanawha, Putnam, Mason
Tributaries
- left Coal River
- right Elk River, Pocatalico River
Source
New River [1]
- location Ashe County, NC
- elevation 2,546 ft (776 m)
- coordinates 36°32′45″N 81°21′09″W / 36.54583°N 81.35250°W / 36.54583; -81.35250
Secondary source
Gauley River [2]
- location Three Forks of Gauley, Pocahontas County, WV
- elevation 2,917 ft (889 m)
- coordinates 38°24′33″N 80°14′17″W / 38.40917°N 80.23806°W / 38.40917; -80.23806
Source confluence
- location Gauley Bridge, WV
- elevation 653 ft (199 m)
- coordinates 38°09′42″N 81°11′47″W / 38.16167°N 81.19639°W / 38.16167; -81.19639
Mouth
Ohio River [3]
- location Point Pleasant, WV
- elevation 538 ft (164 m)
- coordinates 38°50′16″N 82°08′34″W / 38.83778°N 82.14278°W / 38.83778; -82.14278Coordinates: 38°50′16″N 82°08′34″W / 38.83778°N 82.14278°W / 38.83778; -82.14278
Length
97 mi (156 km)
Basin
12,236 sq mi (31,691 km2)
Discharge
for Charleston, 56.8 mi (91.4 km) from the mouth
- average 15,240 cu ft/s (432 m3/s) [4][5]
- max 216,000 cu ft/s (6,116 m3/s)
- min 1,100 cu ft/s (31 m3/s)
Map of the Kanawha River and its tributary the New River, with the Kanawha River highlighted in darker blue.
The Kanawha River (/kəˈnɔːə/ kə-NAW-ə) is a tributary of the Ohio River, approximately 97 mi (156 km) long, in the U.S. state of West Virginia. The largest inland waterway in West Virginia, it has formed a significant industrial region of the state since early in the 19th century.
It is formed at the town of Gauley Bridge in northwestern Fayette County, approximately 35 mi (56 km) SE of Charleston, by the confluence of the New and Gauley rivers. It flows generally northwest, in a winding course on the unglaciated Allegheny Plateau, through Fayette, Kanawha, Putnam, and Mason counties, past the cities of Charleston and St. Albans, and numerous smaller communities. It joins the Ohio at Point Pleasant.
Paleo-Indians, the earliest indigenous peoples, lived in the valley and the heights by 10,000 BC as evidenced by archaeological artifacts such as Clovis points. A succession of prehistoric cultures developed, with the Adena culture beginning the construction of numerous skilled earthwork mounds and enclosures more than 2000 years ago. Some of the villages of the Fort Ancient culture survived into the times of European contact.
The area was a place of competition among historical American Indian nations. Invading from their base in present-day New York, the Iroquois drove out or conquered Fort Ancient culture peoples, as well as such tribes as the Huron and Conoy. By right of conquest, the Iroquois, Lenape (Delaware), and Shawnee reserved the area as a hunting ground. They resisted European-American settlement during the colonial years.
The river valley contains significant deposits of coal and natural gas. In colonial times, the wildly fluctuating level of the river prevented its use for transportation. The removal of boulders and snags on the lower river in the 1840s allowed navigation, which was extended upriver after the construction of locks and dams starting in 1875. The river is now navigable to Deepwater, an unincorporated community about 20 miles (32 km) upriver from Charleston. A thriving chemical industry along its banks provides a significant part of the local economy.
Contents
[hide]
1 Tributaries
2 List of cities and towns along the Kanawha River
3 Name
4 History
5 Highways
6 See also
7 References
8 Further reading
Tributaries[edit]
In addition to the New and Gauley River, the Kanawha is joined at Charleston by the Elk River, at St. Albans by the Coal River, and at Poca by the Pocatalico River.
List of cities and towns along the Kanawha River[edit]
The confluence of the Kanawha and Ohio Rivers at Point Pleasant, West Virginia
Bancroft
Belle
Buffalo
Cedar Grove
Charleston
Chesapeake
Dunbar
East Bank
Eleanor
Gauley Bridge
Glasgow
Handley
Henderson
Jefferson
Leon
Marmet
Montgomery
Nitro
Poca
Point Pleasant
Pratt
Rand
St. Albans
Smithers
South Charleston
Winfield
Name[edit]
Winfield Lock and Dam on the Kanawha River at Winfield, West Virginia, 31 miles upriver from the mouth at Point Pleasant. Map:[6]
"Ka(ih)nawha" derives from the region's Iroquoian dialects meaning "water way" or "canoe way" implying the metaphor, "transport way", in the local language.[7] The Glottal consonant of the "ih" (stream or river, local Iroquois) dropped out as settlers and homesteaders arrive.[8]
According to the Geographic Names Information System, the Kanawha River has also been known as:
Big Connawas River
Big Kanawha River
Canawha
Canhawa River
Chinidashhichetha
Chinodahichetha River
Chinodashichetha
Chinondaista
Great Canawha River
Great Kanawha River
Great Kanhawa River
Great Kanhaway River
Great Kehhawa River
Great Kenhawa River
Great Kenhaway River
Great Konhaway River
Great Konhawayriver
Kanahaway River
Kanawa River
Kanawah River
Kanaway River
Kanawhy River
Kanhaway River
Kannawha River
Keanawha River
Kenhaway River
Keninsheka
Kinhaway River
Kunhaway River
Le-we-ke-o-mi
Mon-don-ga-cha-te
New River
Pi-que-me-ta-mi
Pique-me-ta-nei
Woods River
History[edit]
Archaeological artifacts, such as Clovis points and later projectiles, indicate prehistoric indigenous peoples living in the area from the 12,500 BC era. Peoples of later cultures continued to live along the valley and heights. Those of the Adena culture built at least 50 earthwork mounds and 10 enclosures in the area between Charleston and Dunbar, as identified by an 1882 to 1884 survey by the Bureau of Ethnology (later part of the Smithsonian Institution). Three of their mounds survive in the valley, including Criel Mound at present-day South Charleston, West Virginia. Evidence has been found of the Fort Ancient culture peoples, who had villages that survived to the time of European contact, such as Buffalo and Marmet. They were driven out by Iroquois from present-day New York.
According to French missionary reports, by the late 16th century, several thousand Huron, originally of the Great Lakes region, lived in central West Virginia. They were partially exterminated and their remnant driven out in the 17th century by the Iroquois' invading from western present-day New York. Other accounts note that the tribe known as Conois, Conoy, Canawesee, or Kanawha were conquered or driven out by the large Seneca tribe, one of the Iroquois Confederacy, as the Seneca boasted to Virginia colonial officials in 1744. The Iroquois and other tribes, such as the Shawnee and Delaware, maintained central West Virginia as a hunting ground. It was essentially unpopulated when the English and Europeans began to move into the area.[9]
The first white person to travel through Virginia all the way to the Ohio River (other than as a prisoner of the Indians) was Matthew Arbuckle, Sr., who traversed the length of the Kanawha River valley arriving at (what would later be called) Point Pleasant around 1764. In April 1774, Captain Hanson was one of an expedition: "18th. We surveyed 2,000 acres (8.1 km2) of Land for Col. Washington, bordered by Coal River & the Canawagh..." [10] This area is the lower area of today's St. Albans, West Virginia. After the Treaty of Fort Stanwix, "The Kanawhas had gone from the upper tributaries of the river which bears their name, to join their kinsmen, the Iroquois in New York; the Shawnee had abandoned the Indian Old Fields of the valley of the South Branch of the Potomac; the Delaware were gone from the Monongahela; the Cherokee who claimed all the region between the Great Kanawha and Big Sandy, had never occupied it." quoting Virgil A. Lewis (1887), corresponding member of the Virginia Historical Society.[11] The river's name changes to the Kanawha River at the Kanawha Falls. The Treaty of Big Tree between the Seneca nation and the United States established ten reservations. This formal treaty was signed on September 15, 1797.[12] Lewis was granted a large tract of land near the mouth of the Great Kanawha River in the late 18th century.
The Little Kanawha and the Great Kanawha rivers, the two largest in the state, were named for the American Indian tribe that lived in the area prior to European settlement in the 18th century. Under pressure from the Iroquois, most of the Conoy/Kanawha had migrated to present-day Virginia by 1634, where they had settled on the west side of the Chesapeake Bay and below the Potomac River. They were also known to the colonists there as the Piscataway. They later migrated north to Pennsylvania, to submit and seek protection with the Susquehannock and Iroquois. The spelling of the Indian tribe varied at the time, from Conoys to Conois to Kanawha. The latter spelling was used and has gained acceptance over time.[9]
Kanawha Falls on the Kanawha River at Glen Ferris, West Virginia.
Highways[edit]
Interstate 64 crosses the Kanawha four times on major bridges in the Charleston vicinity.
See also[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kanawha River.
List of West Virginia rivers
Little Kanawha River
Kanawha River Valley AVA, an American Viticultural Area
USS Kanawha (AO-1)—a fleet oiler built in 1914.
Kanawha a steam-powered luxury yacht built in 1899 and owned by Henry Huttleston Rogers, developer of coal and railroad properties in southern West Virginia, including the Virginian Railway
The USAT General Frank M. Coxe built in Charleston, served as an Army transport vessel and now preserved as a floating restaurant.
West Virginia Waterways
Charleston, West Virginia metropolitan area, often called the "Kanawha Valley" by locals
Port of Huntington Tri-State
References[edit]
Jump up ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: New River
Jump up ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Gauley River
Jump up ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Kanawha River
Jump up ^ accessed 2011-06-16
Jump up ^ United States Geological Survey; USGS 03193000 KANAWHA RIVER AT KANAWHA FALLS, WV; retrieved April 19, 2008.
Jump up ^ layer= - Google Maps. Maps.google.com (1970-01-01). Retrieved on 2013-08-09.
Jump up ^ Kanien’kehá:ka Onkwawén:na Raotitióhkwa Language, Kawhinawha'kae montreal, "Kentá:ke had been a Jesuit residence that receive Mohawk from the south, the newly established settlement of Kahnawà:ke was from its beginning an Iroquois community." for more information on the Kanien’kehá:ka www.kahnawakelonghouse.com/index.php?mid=2
Jump up ^ Kahnawáʼkye in Tuscarora (Iroquois) means "waterway", "kye" is augmentive suffix.
Kaniatarowanenneh means "big waterway" in Mohawk (Iroquois).
Lachler, McElwain, and Burke http://www.mingolanguage.org/
Mingo (Iroquois) etymology about boating: kaháwa' noun means boat. kényua'. This switch-interactive verb means to row a boat or more to ferry someone across a stretch of water. It belongs to the semantic fields the sea and transportation. Etymology kényua' -NYU- Verb Root. Grammatical Info Base -nyu-.Stem Class LX. Conjugation Class XX. kényua' "I row boats". kaháwa', (boat) grammatical info base -haw- Stem Class C, Prefix Class Agent, Linker Vowel ö. Note that the -h- at the beginning of this base is strong, and so does not drop out when it would come between two vowels. Varies with kahôwö'. Possessed Form akháwa' my boat. Plural Form kahawa'shö'ö boats. káhu' means "this way" or in this direction. See also Mohawk language (Dialects)
^ Jump up to: a b Dilger, Robert J.; Marshall, James (21 Feb 2002). "Kanawha County History". Institute for Public Affairs, West Virginia University. Archived from the original on 2010-06-16. Retrieved 31 Oct 2009.
Jump up ^ From Documentary History of Dunmore's War, edited by Reuben Gold Thwaites and Louise Phelps Kellogg, Madison, Wisconsin Historical Society, 1905 pp. 110-17. For text of the Journal see www.wvculture.org/HISTORY/dunmore/hanson.html
Jump up ^ History of West Virginia In Two Parts, Philadelphia. Hubbard Brothers, Publishers. 1889.
West Virginia State Historian/Archivist, Virgil A. Lewis, 1905 - 1912 (died while in the position) from Mason County – see WV Bluebook reference MC descriptions 1916–1920. (11/1/09)
Jump up ^ "A History of the Treaty of Big Tree, and Robert Morris" by Livingston County Historical Society, O. Burnell Print, 1897
Further reading[edit]
Wikisource has the text of the 1905 New International Encyclopedia article Great Kanawha.
Arthur Benke & Colbert Cushing, Rivers of North America, Elsevier Academic Press, 2005 ISBN 0-12-088253-1
Atkinson, George W. 1876. History of Kanawha County, From. . . 1789 Until the Present Time, Charleston: West Virginia Journal Office.
Braley, Dean (1993). The Shaman's Story, West Virginia Petroglyphs. St. Albans. ISBN 0-9638377-0-2.
Dayton, Ruth Woods. 1947. Pioneers and Their Homes on Upper Kanawha, Charleston: West Virginia Publishing Company.
Dickens, Roy S., Jr.; Mckinley, James L. (1979). Frontiers in the Soil: The Archaeology of Georgia. LaGrange, Georgia: Frontiers Publishing Company.
Laidley, W. S. 1911. History of Charleston and Kanawha County, West Virginia, Chicago: Richmond-Arnold Publishing Company
Lewis, Thomas M. N. and Madeline Kneberg. 1958. Tribes That Slumber, Knoxville, TN: The University of Tennessee Press
McMichael, Edward V. 1968. Introduction to West Virginia Archeology, Morgantown, WVA: West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey
Nabokov, Peter; Easton, Robert (1989). Native American Architecture. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-503781-2.
Potter, Eloise F.; Funderburg, John B. (1986). Native Americans: The People and How They Lived. Raleigh, North Carolina: North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences. ISBN 0-917134-10-9.
Rhodes, Captain Rick, The Ohio River in American History and Voyaging on Today's River. Heron Island Guides, 2007, ISBN 978-0-9665866-3-3
Thomas, Cyrus. 1894. Report on the Mound Explorations of the Bureau of Ethnology. Smithsonian Institution Press
Wavra, Grace (1990). The First Families of West Virginia. Huntington: University Editions, Inc. ISBN 1-56002-007-5.
Weatherford, Jack M. (1988). Indian Givers. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc. ISBN 0-449-90496-2.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kanawha_River&oldid=807857763"
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Ankh
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the book of H. G. Wells, see Crux Ansata. For other uses, see Ankh (disambiguation).
Ankh
The ankh (/æŋk, ɑːŋk/; Egyptian ˁnḫ), also known as crux ansata (the Latin for "cross with a handle") is an ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic ideograph symbolizing "life".
The Egyptian gods are often portrayed carrying it by its loop, or bearing one in each hand, arms crossed over their chest. The ankh appears in hand or in proximity of almost every deity in the Egyptian pantheon (including Pharaohs).
The ankh symbol was so prevalent that it has been found in digs as far as Mesopotamia and Persia, and even on the seal of the biblical king Hezekiah.[1]
The symbol became popular in New Age mysticism in the 1960s.
Unicode has two characters encoding the symbol, U+2625 ☥ in the widely-supported Miscellaneous Symbols block and U+132F9 𓋹 in the more recent Egyptian Hieroglyphs block.
Contents
[hide]
1 Origin
2 History
3 References
3.1 Notes
3.2 Bibliography
4 External links
Origin[edit]
ˁnḫ
in hieroglyphs

or
[2]
Alan Gardiner (1957) explains the hieroglyph as a depiction of a sandal-strap (ˁnḫ) which came to be read phonetically and could be used (as "rebus writing") for the similar word ˁnḫ "live", a triliteral root probably pronounced /ʕánax/ in Old and Middle Egyptian.[3][4] This verb and its derivatives are likely ancestral to the Coptic words ⲱⲛϩ ōnh "to live, life" and ⲉⲛⲉϩ eneh "eternity".[5]
There have been alternative suggestions. One of the earliest proposals was that of Thomas Inman, first published in 1869, according to which the symbol combines "the male triad and the female unit".[6] E. A. Wallis Budge (1904) postulated that the symbol originated as the belt buckle of the mother goddess Isis.[7]
Andrew Hunt Gordon and Calvin Schwabe, in their 2004 book The Quick and the Dead, speculated that the ankh, djed, and was symbols have a basis in "cattle culture", with the ankh representing the thoracic vertebra of a bull (seen in cross section), the djed the base or sacrum of a bull's spine, and the was a staff.[8]
The ankh, during the reign of Hatshepsut (1508–1458 BC), from the Royal Ontario Museum
Merenptah offering an ankh, djed, and was to Ptah
An ankh-shaped mirror case
History[edit]
Crux ansata in Codex Glazier
The ankh appears frequently in Egyptian tomb paintings and other art, often at the fingertips of a god or goddess in images that represent the deities of the afterlife conferring the gift of life on the dead person's mummy; this is thought to symbolize the act of conception.[citation needed] Additionally, an ankh was often carried by Egyptians as an amulet, either alone, or in connection with two other hieroglyphs that mean "strength" and "health" (see explication of djed and was, above).[citation needed] Mirrors of beaten metal were also often made in the shape of an ankh, either for decorative reasons or to symbolize a perceived view into another world.[citation needed]
A symbol similar to the ankh appears frequently in Minoan and Mycenaean sites.[where?] This is a combination of the sacral knot (symbol of holiness) with the double-edged axe (symbol of matriarchy)[9] but it can be better compared with the Egyptian tyet which is similar. This symbol can be recognized on the two famous figurines of the chthonian Snake Goddess discovered in the palace of Knossos. Both snake goddesses have a knot with a projecting loop cord between their breasts.[10] In the Linear B (Mycenean Greek) script, ankh is the phonetic sign za.[11]
The ankh also appeared frequently in coins from ancient Cyprus and Asia Minor (particularly the city of Mallus in Cilicia).[12] In some cases, especially with the early coinage of King Euelthon of Salamis, the letter ku, from the Cypriot syllabary, appeared within the circle ankh, representing Ku(prion) (Cypriots). To this day, the ankh is also used to represent the planet Venus (the namesake of which, the goddess Venus or Aphrodite, was chiefly worshipped on the island) and the metal copper (the heavy mining of which gave Cyprus its name).[13]
Coptic Christians preserved the shape of the ankh by sometimes representing the Christian cross with a circle in place of the upper bar. This is known as the Coptic ankh or crux ansata.[14][15]
References[edit]
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ "King Hezekiah in the Bible: Royal Seal of Hezekiah Comes to Light". Biblical Archaeology Society.
Jump up ^ Collier, Mark and Manley, Bill. How to Read Egyptian Hieroglyphs: Revised Edition pg 23. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.
Jump up ^ Allen, James P. (2013-07-11). The Ancient Egyptian Language: An Historical Study. Cambridge University Press. p. 99. ISBN 9781107032460.
Jump up ^ Gardiner, Alan. Egyptian Grammar, Third Edition. Cambridge University Press. 1957. p. 508.
Jump up ^ "Coptic Dictionary Online". corpling.uis.georgetown.edu. Retrieved 2017-03-16.
Jump up ^ "It is by Egyptologists called the symbol of life. It is also called the "handled cross", or crux ansata. It represents the male triad and the female unit, under a decent form. There are few symbols more commonly met with in Egyptian art. In some sculptures, where the sun's rays are represented as terminating in hands, the offerings which these bring are many a crux ansata, emblematic of the truth that a fruitful union is a gift from the deity." Inman, Thomas. Ancient Pagan and Modern Christian Symbolism, Second Edition. New York: J. W. Bouton, 706 Broadway. Published 1875. Page 44. ISBN 978-1-4209-2987-4.
Jump up ^ A Guide to the Third and Fourth Rooms of the British Museum (London: s.n.: 1904), 210.
Jump up ^ Gordon, Andrew Hunt; Schwabe, Calvin W (2004). The Quick and the Dead: Biomedical Theory in Ancient Egypt First Edition. Brill/Styx. ISBN 90-04-12391-1.
Jump up ^ F. Schachermeyer. (1964) "Die Minoische Kultur des alten Kreta" pp. 161, 163–164
Jump up ^ Cristopher L.C.E Witcombe. "Minoan snake goddess". 9: Snake charmers
Jump up ^ M. Ventris, J. Chadwick
Jump up ^ The Cambridge Ancient History, Cambridge University Press; AsiaMinorCoins.com
Jump up ^ Fisher, Fred H., Cyprus: Our New Colony And What We Know About It, London: George Routledge and Sons 1878, pp. 13–14.
Jump up ^ "Egyptian Religion", David P. Silverman, p. 135, Oxford University Press US, 2003, ISBN 0-19-521952-X
Jump up ^ "Ankh – Ancient Symbol of Life". Retrieved 4 November 2012.
Bibliography[edit]
Collier, Mark and Manley, Bill. How to Read Egyptian Hieroglyphs: Revised Edition. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.
Salaman, Clement and Van Oyen, Dorine and Wharton, William D. and Mahé, Jean-Pierre (translation) (2000). The Way of Hermes: New Translations of The Corpus Hermeticum and The Definitions of Hermes Trismegistus to Asclepius. Rochester: Inner Traditions. CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link)
External links[edit]
Media related to Ankh at Wikimedia Commons
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ankh&oldid=830742699"
Categories:
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Ankh (disambiguation)

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Egyptian hieroglyph

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Mycenean Greek

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Anch – Afrikaans
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Anx – Azerbaijani
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Ankh – Central Bikol
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Ankh – Breton
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Ankh – Catalan
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Anch – Czech
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https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankh
Ankh – Danish
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https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anch
Anch – German
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Ankh – Estonian
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Anj – Spanish
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https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankh
Ankh – Basque
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Ânkh – French
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Anc – Irish
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Ankh – Galician
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Ankh – Croatian
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Ankh – Italian
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Ankh – Latin
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Anks – Latvian
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Ankhas – Lithuanian
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Ankh – Hungarian
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Anch – Dutch
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Ankh – Norwegian
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Ankh – Norwegian Nynorsk
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Ankh – Occitan
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Anch – Polish
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Ankh – Portuguese
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Ankh – Romanian
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Ankh – Scots
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Anku – Albanian
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Ankh – Sicilian
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Ankh – Simple English
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Anch – Slovak
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Ankh – Slovenian
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Ankh – Serbo-Croatian
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Ankh – Finnish
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Ankh – Swedish
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Ankh – Turkish
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