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Parable of the Prodigal Son
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"Prodigal son" redirects here. For other uses, see The Prodigal Son (disambiguation).
"The Return of the Prodigal Son" redirects here. For the painting by Rembrandt, see The Return of the Prodigal Son (Rembrandt). For Egyptian film by Youssef Chahine, see The Return of the Prodigal Son (film).
The Return of the Prodigal Son (1773) by Pompeo Batoni
The Parable of the Prodigal Son (also known as the Two Brothers, Lost Son, Loving Father, or Lovesick Father)[1][2] is one of the parables of Jesus and appears in Luke 15:11–32. Jesus Christ shares it with his disciples, the Pharisees and others.
In the story, a father has two sons. The younger son asks for his inheritance and after wasting his fortune (the word prodigal means "wastefully extravagant"), becomes destitute. He returns home with the intention of begging his father to be made one of his hired servants, expecting his relationship with his father is likely severed.
The father welcomes him back and celebrates his return. The older son refuses to participate. The father reminds the older son that one day he will inherit everything. But, they should still celebrate the return of the younger son because he was lost and is now found.
It is the third and final part of a cycle on redemption, following the Parable of the Lost Sheep and the Parable of the Lost Coin. In Revised Common Lectionary and Latin Rite Catholic Lectionary, this parable is read on the fourth Sunday of Lent (in Year C);[3] in the latter it is also included in the long form of the Gospel on the 24th Sunday of Ordinary Time in Year C, along with the preceding two parables of the cycle.[4] In the Eastern Orthodox Church it is read on the Sunday of the Prodigal Son.
Contents
[hide]
1 Narrative
2 Context and interpretation
3 Commemoration and use
3.1 Orthodox
3.2 Catholic
4 In the arts
4.1 Art
4.2 Stage
4.3 Popular music
4.4 Literature
5 Similar parable in Mahayana Buddhism
6 See also
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
Narrative[edit]
James Tissot - The Return of the Prodigal Son (Le retour de l'enfant prodigue) - Brooklyn Museum
The parable begins with a young man, the younger of two sons, who asks his father to give him his share of the estate. The implication is the son could not wait for his father's death for his inheritance, he wanted it immediately. The father agrees and divides his estate between both sons.
Upon receiving his portion of the inheritance, the younger son travels to a distant country and wastes all his money in extravagant living. Immediately thereafter, a famine strikes the land; he becomes desperately poor and is forced to take work as a swineherd. (This, too, would have been abhorrent to Jesus' Jewish audience, who considered swine unclean animals.) When he reaches the point of envying the food of the pigs he is watching, he finally comes to his senses:
But when he came to himself he said, "How many hired servants of my father's have bread enough to spare, and I'm dying with hunger! I will get up and go to my father, and will tell him, 'Father, I have sinned against heaven, and in your sight. I am no more worthy to be called your son. Make me as one of your hired servants.'" He arose, and came to his father. But while he was still far off, his father saw him, and was moved with compassion, and ran towards him, and fell on his neck, and kissed him.
—  Luke 15:17–20, World English Bible
This implies the father was hopefully watching for the son's return.
The son does not even have time to finish his rehearsed speech, since the father calls for his servants to dress him in a fine robe, a ring, and sandals, and slaughter the "fattened calf" for a celebratory meal.
The older son, who was at work in the fields, hears the sound of celebration, and is told about the return of his younger brother. He is not impressed, and becomes angry. He also has a speech for his father:
But he answered his father, "Behold, these many years I have served you, and I never disobeyed a commandment of yours, but you never gave me a goat, that I might celebrate with my friends. But when this, your son, came, who has devoured your living with prostitutes, you killed the fattened calf for him."
—  Luke 15:29–30, World English Bible
The parable concludes with the father explaining that because the younger son had returned, in a sense, from the dead, celebration was necessary:
"But it was appropriate to celebrate and be glad, for this, your brother, was dead, and is alive again. He was lost, and is found."
—  Luke 15:32, World English Bible
Context and interpretation[edit]
Engraving of the Prodigal Son as a swineherd by Hans Sebald Beham, 1538.
This is the last of three parables about loss and redemption, following the parable of the Lost Sheep and the parable of the Lost Coin, that Jesus tells after the Pharisees and religious leaders accuse him of welcoming and eating with "sinners."[5] The father's joy described in the parable reflects divine love,[5] the "boundless mercy of God",[6] and "God's refusal to limit the measure of his grace."[5]
The request of the younger son for his share of the inheritance is "brash, even insolent"[7] and "tantamount to wishing that the father was dead."[7] His actions do not lead to success, and he eventually becomes an indentured servant, with the degrading job of looking after pigs, and even envying them for the carob pods they eat.[7]
The mention of the son's longing to eat with the swine in Luke 15:16 could refer to how the Pharisees viewed the sinners (and Christ, for eating with them) in Luke 15:2. The Pharisees, caught up in their ideas of ritual cleanliness, might have thought of these people as filthy pigs.[8]
On the son's return, the father treats him with a generosity far more than he has a right to expect.[7] Some have suggested that this mirrors what Christians should do after sinning: feel contrition and return to their Heavenly Father, who will graciously welcome them back.[8]
The older son, in contrast, seems to think in terms of "law, merit, and reward",[7] rather than "love and graciousness."[7] He may represent the Pharisees who were criticizing Jesus.[7]
The father, who represents the Heavenly Father, implies to the older son that his love for both sons is not dependent upon their perfection, but their willingness to return to Him with a broken heart and a contrite spirit.
Commemoration and use[edit]
Stained glass window based on the parable, Charleston, South Carolina.
Orthodox[edit]
The Eastern Orthodox Church traditionally reads this story on the Sunday of the Prodigal Son,[9] which in their liturgical year is the Sunday before Meatfare Sunday and about two weeks before the beginning of Great Lent. One common kontakion hymn of the occasion reads,
I have recklessly forgotten Your glory, O Father;
And among sinners I have scattered the riches which You gave to me.
And now I cry to You as the Prodigal:
I have sinned before You, O merciful Father;
Receive me as a penitent and make me as one of Your hired servants.
Catholic[edit]
In his 1984 apostolic exhortation titled Reconciliatio et paenitentia (Latin for Reconciliation and Penance), Pope John Paul II used this parable to explain the process of conversion and reconciliation. Emphasizing that God the Father is "rich in mercy" and always ready to forgive, he stated that reconciliation is a gift on his part. He stated that for the Church her "mission of reconciliation is the initiative, full of compassionate love and mercy, of that God who is love."[10][11] He also explored the issues raised by this parable in his second encyclical Dives in misericordia (Latin for Rich in Mercy) issued in 1980.[12]
In the arts[edit]
Rembrandt, The Return of the Prodigal Son, 1662–1669 (Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg)
Gerard van Honthorst, 1623, like many works of the period, allows a genre scene with moral content.
The Polish Rider — Possibly the prodigal son. The subject is of much discussion.
Art[edit]
Of the thirty or so parables in the canonical Gospels, this was one of the four that were shown in medieval art almost to the exclusion of the others, but not mixed in with the narrative scenes of the Life of Christ (the others were the Wise and Foolish Virgins, Dives and Lazarus, and the Good Samaritan.[13] The Labourers in the Vineyard also appears in Early Medieval works).
From the Renaissance the numbers shown widened slightly, and the various scenes – the high living, herding the pigs, and the return – of the Prodigal Son became the clear favourite. Albrecht Dürer made a famous engraving of the Prodigal Son amongst the pigs (1496), a popular subject in the Northern Renaissance. Rembrandt depicted several scenes from the parable, especially the final episode, which he etched, drew, or painted on several occasions during his career.[14] At least one of his works, The Prodigal Son in the Tavern, a portrait of himself as the Son, revelling with his wife, is like many artists' depictions, a way of dignifying a genre tavern scene - if the title was indeed the original intention of the artist. His late Return of the Prodigal Son (1662–1669, Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg) is one of his most popular works.
Stage[edit]
In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries the theme was a sufficiently popular subject that the Prodigal Son Play can be seen as a subgenre of the English morality play. Examples include The Rare Triumphs of Love and Fortune, The Disobedient Child, and Acolastus.[15]
Notable adaptations for performance include an 1869 oratorio by Arthur Sullivan, an 1884 cantata by Claude Debussy, a 1929 ballet choreographed by George Balanchine to music written by Sergei Prokofiev, a 1957 ballet by Hugo Alfvén,[16] and an opera, The Prodigal Son by Benjamin Britten (1968).
Many of these adaptations added to the Biblical material to lengthen the story; for example, the 1955 film The Prodigal took considerable liberties, such as adding a temptress priestess of Astarte to the tale.[17]
Popular music[edit]
The parable is referenced in the last verse of the traditional Irish folk tune "The Wild Rover" ("I'll go home to me parents, confess what I've done / and I'll ask them to pardon their prodigal son").
Oblique adaptations include that by the Reverend Robert Wilkins, who told the story of this parable in the song "Prodigal Son", which is probably best known as a cover version by the Rolling Stones on their 1968 album Beggar's Banquet. "Prodigal Man" was written by Ted Nugent and is the second track of the third album "Migration" by The Amboy Dukes and was released in 1969. The British heavy metal band Iron Maiden recorded a song titled "Prodigal Son", based on the parable of the same name, which appeared on their second release, Killers, in 1981. U2 recorded a song titled "The First Time" on their 1993 album Zooropa. While based on the parable, it presents the idea of an alternate ending to the story. It could be argued that Kelly Willard's 1982 song, Make Me A Servant is based on what the son said to his father when he returned home. The Prodigal Son is the first posthumous release by piano player and gospel singer Keith Green (1983).
Detroit musician, Kid Rock, also recorded a song titled "Prodigal Son", which appeared on his second album The Polyfuze Method, in 1993. Kid Rock later re-recorded the track for his 2000 album The History of Rock. The Christian Rock trio BarlowGirl recorded the song "She Walked Away", influenced by the parable,[18] as part of their 2004 self-titled album. "Indie" rock band Two Gallants covered the parable in the song "The Prodigal Son" on their 2006 album What the Toll Tells. Musician Dustin Kensrue wrote a song about the Prodigal Son entitled "Please Come Home" on the album of the same name released in 2007.[19] Rock band Sevendust has a track titled "Prodigal Son" on their 2008 album, Chapter VII: Hope and Sorrow. The band Bad Religion has a song of the same title on their album New Maps of Hell. The band Extreme recorded a song titled "Who Cares?", which appeared on the album III Sides to Every Story, which is influenced by this parable. Brantley Gilbert released a song called "Modern Day Prodigal Son". British Reggae band Steel Pulse recorded a song titled "Prodigal Son" on their debut album Handsworth Revolution, recreating the Biblical story as a Rastafarian parable. The Post-Hardcore band "Gideon" released a song called "Prodigal Son", which appeared on their second album Milestone. Christian rock outfit The Chinese Express opened and closed their 2006 release with a two part telling of the parable with songs titled "Said the son to the Father" and "Said the Father to the Son". Post-hardcore band "Jamie's Elsewhere" also released a song titled "Prodigal Son". The Irish rap group House of Pain references the parable in one of the verses of their song, "Jump Around". English indie rock band alt-J references the parable in the first verse of their song "Left Hand Free". On their 2015 album Something Different, the Christian band Sidewalk Prophets included an uplifting song titled "Prodigal" with lyrics that are directed towards the Prodigal Son from the parable, or any person who is or has felt like they are in a similar situation.
In 2006 Country artist Dierks Bentley wrote a song for his album "Long Trip Alone" entitled "The Prodigal Son's Prayer" The song is based on the son's prospective of coming home after he's ruined himself in the world.
Literature[edit]
The Return of the Prodigal Son (Leonello Spada, Louvre, Paris)
Another literary tribute to this parable is Dutch theologian Henri Nouwen's 1992 book, The Return of the Prodigal Son: A Story of Homecoming, in which he describes his own spiritual journey infused with understanding based on an encounter with Rembrandt's painting of the return of the Prodigal and deals with three personages: the younger, prodigal son; the self-righteous, resentful older son; and the compassionate father – all of whom the author identifies with personally.[20] An earlier work with similarities to the parable is "Le retour de l'enfant prodigue" ("The Return of the Prodigal Son"), a short story by André Gide.[21]
Rudyard Kipling wrote a poem[22] giving an interpretation of the younger brother's perspective.[23]
The Parable of the Prodigal Son is also a recurring theme in the works of Rainer Maria Rilke, who interpreted the parable in a different way to the conventional reading. His version of the parable was not so concerned with redemption and the forgiveness of family; the love of the family, and human love in general, was seen as less worthy than unreciprocated love, which is the purest form of love. In loving the family less, the Son can love God more, even if this love is not returned.[24][25]
The theme of the Prodigal Son plays a major role in Anne Tyler's novel A Spool of Blue Thread.[26]
The Prodigal Son was also referred to in the play As You Like It, a pastoral comedy by William Shakespeare. The Prodigal Son is also mentioned in Shakespeare's romance, The Winter's Tale (Act 4, Scene 4 line 89).
Similar parable in Mahayana Buddhism[edit]
A similar parable of a lost son can also be found in the Mahayana Buddhist Lotus Sutra.[27][28] The two parables are so similar in their outline and many details that several scholars have assumed that one version has influenced the other or that both texts share a common origin.[29] However, an influence of the biblical story on the Lotus sutra is regarded as unlikely given the early dating of the stratum of the sutra containing the Buddhist parable.[29] In spite of their similarities, both parables continue differently after the two meet for the first time at the son's return. In the biblical story, there is an immediate reunion of the two. In contrast, in the Lotus sutra, the poor son does not recognize the rich man as his father. When the father sends out some attendants to welcome the son, the son panics, fearing some kind of retribution. The father then lets the son leave without telling him of their kinship. However, he gradually draws the son closer to him by employing him in successively higher positions, only to tell him of their kinship in the end.[27] In the Buddhist parable, the father symbolises the Buddha, and the son symbolises any human being. Their kinship symbolises that any being has Buddha nature. The concealment of the kinship of the father to his son is regarded as a skillful means (Sanskrit:upāya).[30]
See also[edit]
Ministry of Jesus
References[edit]
Jump up ^ BibleGateway. 2016. Luke 15:11–32 The Parable of the Lost Son - Jesus.
Jump up ^ BibleGateway. 2016. Parable of the Forgiving Father (15:11-32) - The IVP New Testament Commentary Series
Jump up ^ "Lent 4C". TextWeek.com. Retrieved 2013-09-12.
Jump up ^ "Proper 19 (24th Sunday of Ordinary Time)". TextWeek.com. Retrieved 2016-09-11.
^ Jump up to: a b c Richard N. Longenecker, The Challenge of Jesus' Parables, Eerdmans, 2000, ISBN 0-8028-4638-6, pp. 201–213.
Jump up ^ Scott Hahn, Curtis Mitch, and Dennis Walters, Gospel of Luke: The Ignatius Study Guide, 2nd ed, Ignatius Press, 2001, ISBN 0-89870-819-2, p. 51.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Arland J. Hultgren, The Parables of Jesus: A Commentary, Eerdmans Publishing, 2002, ISBN 0-8028-6077-X, pp. 70–82.
^ Jump up to: a b "Love, Minus the Condemnation". Answering Protestants. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
Jump up ^ "Scripture Readings Throughout the Year". Retrieved 2008-11-09.
Jump up ^ The post-synodal apostolic exhortations of John Paul II by Catholic Church 1998 ISBN 0-87973-928-2 pages 234–239
Jump up ^ "Vatican website ''Reconciliatio et paenitentia''". Vatican.va. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
Jump up ^ "Vatican website ''Dives in misericordia''". Vatican. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
Jump up ^ Emile Mâle, The Gothic Image: Religious Art in France of the Thirteenth Century, p 195, English translation of 3rd ed, 1913, Collins, London (and many other editions), ISBN 978-0064300322
Jump up ^ Roland E. Fleischer and Susan C. Scott, Rembrandt, Rubens, and the art of their time: recent perspectives, Pennsylvania State University Press, 1997, ISBN 0-915773-10-4, pp. 64-65.
Jump up ^ Craig, Hardin (April 1950). "Morality Plays and Elizabethan Drama". Shakespeare Quarterly. 1 (2): 71. ISSN 0037-3222. doi:10.2307/2866678.
Jump up ^ Don Michael Randel, The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music, Harvard University Press, 1996, ISBN 0-674-37299-9, pp. 13-14,
Jump up ^ Paul Hammond, The shadow and its shadow: surrealist writings on the cinema, 3rd ed, City Lights Books, 2000, ISBN 0-87286-376-X, p. 70.
Jump up ^ BarlowGirl by BarlowGirl CD review at NewReleaseTuesday.com
Jump up ^ Dustin Kensrue at YouthMinistry.com
Jump up ^ Deirdre LaNoue, The Spiritual Legacy of Henri Nouwen, Continuum, 2000, ISBN 0-8264-1283-1, p. 45.
Jump up ^ Turnell, Martin. "André Gide and the Disintegration of the Protestant Cell". Yale French Studies. Yale University Press (7): 21–31.
Jump up ^ "The Prodigal Son". Famouspoetsandpoems.com. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
Jump up ^ Andrew Keith Malcolm Adam, Postmodern Interpretations of the Bible: A reader, Chalice Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8272-2970-4, pp. 202–203.
Jump up ^ Books.google.co.uk. Books.google.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
Jump up ^ Books.google.co.uk. Books.google.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
Jump up ^ Sinkler, Rebecca Pepper (February 13, 2015). "Sunday Book Review: 'A Spool of Blue Thread' by Anne Tyler". The New York Times. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Lotus Sutra, Chapter 4, translated By H. Kern
Jump up ^ Suzuki, Takayasu (2015). Two parables on "The wealthy father and the poor son" in the Saddharmapundarika and the Mahaberisutra, Journal of Indian and Budddhist Studies 63 (3), 169-176
^ Jump up to: a b Lai, Whalen W. "The Buddhist Prodigal Son': A Story of Misperceptions". Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 4.2 (1981), p. 91
Jump up ^ Nhất Hạnh, Thích (2003). Opening the Heart of the Cosmos. Parallax Press. pp. 37–41. ISBN 9781888375336.
Further reading[edit]
Wiggins, James, 2010. What Did Jesus Teach? A Detailed Survey of His Parables ISBN 978-1477699065
David A. Holgate, Prodigality, liberality and meanness in the parable of the prodigal son: a Greco-Roman perspective on Luke 15.11-32, Continuum, 1999, ISBN 1-84127-025-3.
Father Raniero Cantalamessa, Pontifical Household preacher, "Comments on Fourth Sunday of Lent Readings", Zenit News Agency, March 17, 2007.
Rev. George Dimopoulos, "The Prodigal Son", Orthodoxy and the world, February 24, 2008.
G. Campbell Morgan, The Parable of the Father's Heart.
E. Di Rocco (a cura di), Il romanzo della misericordia. La parabola del figliol prodigo nella letteratura in Studium, 4 (2013), nº 109
E. Di Rocco, Leggere le Scritture con le Scritture: Ugo di Santo Caro e Nicola di Lira lettori di Luca (15, 11-32), in Studium, 4 (2013), nº 109.
E. Di Rocco (a cura di), Il romanzo della misericordia. La parabola di Luca nella letteratura moderna e contemporanea. in Studium, 2 (2014), nº 110.
E. Di Rocco, Heimkehr: wohin?, Auszug: wohin?: la parabola esistenziale del figliol prodigo nella letteratura del Novecento. in Studium, 2 (2014), nº 110.
External links[edit]
Brooks, David. "The Prodigal Sons", The New York Times, February 17, 2014
Media related to Prodigal son at Wikimedia Commons
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Parable of the Prodigal Son media
Source
Luke 15
Parables of Jesus
Art
The Wayfarer (1500s)
The Prodigal Son in the Brothel (1637)
The Return of the Prodigal Son (1660s)
The Prodigal Son (1922)
Film
L'Enfant prodigue (1907)
The Prodigal (1955)
The Gospel (2005)
The Prodigal Trilogy (2008)
The Imposter (2008)
Preacher's Kid (2010)
Stage
The London Prodigal (1605 play)
The Prodigal Son (1929 ballet)
Opera
L'enfant prodigue (1850)
The Prodigal Son (1968)
Music
The Prodigal Son (1869)
L'enfant prodigue (1884)
Songs
Symphony No. 4
"Walkin' to Missouri" (1952)
"Prodigal Son" (1994)
Album
Ants'hillvania (1981)
The Prodigal Son (1983)
Literature
Tears of the Prodigal Son (1622)
Le retour de l'enfant prodigue (1907)
"Home-Coming"
Papal
Dives in misericordia (1980)
Reconciliatio et paenitentia (1984)
Other
Fatted calf
The Wonderful Wizard of Ha's (2007)
"Michael"
"The Burglar's Christmas"
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Code Black (TV series)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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American medical drama TV series
Code Black
Genre
Medical drama
Created by
Michael Seitzman
Starring
Marcia Gay Harden
Raza Jaffrey
Bonnie Somerville
Melanie Chandra
William Allen Young
Harry Ford
Benjamin Hollingsworth
Luis Guzmán
Boris Kodjoe
Jillian Murray
Rob Lowe
Noah Gray-Cabey
Emily Tyra
Emily Alyn Lind
Moon Bloodgood
Composer(s)
Clinton Shorter
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
3
No. of episodes
47 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
Michael Seitzman
David Semel
Marti Noxon
Linda Goldstein-Knowlton
David Von Ancken
Molly Newman
David Marshall Grant
Brett Mahoney
Ryan McGarry
Producer(s)
Scott Printz
Steve Sassen
Running time
40–44 minutes
Production company(s)
Michael Seitzman's Pictures
Tiny Pyro Productions
CBS Television Studios
ABC Studios
Distributor
Disney–ABC Domestic Television
Release
Original network
CBS
Picture format
1080i (16:9 HDTV)
Original release
September 30, 2015 (2015-09-30) – July 18, 2018 (2018-07-18)
External links
Website
Code Black is an American medical drama television series created by Michael Seitzman which premiered on CBS on September 30, 2015.[1] It takes place in an overcrowded and understaffed emergency room in Los Angeles, California, and is based on a documentary by Ryan McGarry. On May 16, 2016, the show was renewed for a 13-episode second season which premiered on September 28, 2016.[2] On November 14, 2016, CBS added three more episodes to bring the season two total to 16.[3]
On May 14, 2017, the series was renewed for a third season, which premiered on April 25, 2018.[4][5] On May 24, 2018, CBS cancelled the series after three seasons. The series finale aired on July 18, 2018.[6]
Contents
1 Plot
2 Episodes
3 Cast and characters
3.1 Main
3.2 Recurring
3.2.1 Season 1
3.2.2 Season 2
3.2.3 Season 3
4 Production
4.1 Casting
5 International broadcast
6 Reception
6.1 Ratings
7 References
8 External links
Plot[edit]
The show centers on the fictional Angels Memorial Hospital, where four first-year residents and their colleagues must tend to patients in an understaffed, busy emergency room that lacks sufficient resources.
Episodes[edit]
Main article: List of Code Black episodes
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
First aired
Last aired
1 18 September 30, 2015 (2015-09-30) February 24, 2016 (2016-02-24)
2 16 September 28, 2016 (2016-09-28) February 8, 2017 (2017-02-08)
3 13 April 25, 2018 (2018-04-25) July 18, 2018 (2018-07-18)
Cast and characters[edit]
Main[edit]
Marcia Gay Harden as Dr. Leanne Rorish, an ER attending physician, known to current and former Residents as "Daddy". Her husband and two children were killed after their car was hit by a drunk driver; this sometimes influences her medical decisions. Originally the ER's Residency Director, Leanne is promoted to Director of Emergency Medicine following the death of Gina Perello, though is replaced in this capacity by Dr Campbell in "Second Year". In "Fallen Angels," Leanne is shown to have taken guardianship of a young orphan.
Raza Jaffrey as Dr. Neal Hudson, an ER attending physician. A British-Indian former surgeon, his approach is quieter and more people-oriented. He connected with Christa during her first year of residency. In "Hail Mary", Neal becomes a surgical attending, and is once again assigned to the ER (season 1).[7]
Bonnie Somerville as Dr. Christa Lorenson, a mature first-year resident. She was married with a son who died of brain cancer. Her experience and her divorce motivated her to attend medical school (season 1).[7]
Melanie Chandra as Dr. Malaya Pineda, a second-year resident. She went to medical school and did her internship at Angels Memorial, and is therefore more familiar with the ER. She is a lesbian, who was once involved with a resident when she was a medical student (seasons 1–2).
William Allen Young as Dr. Rollie Guthrie, an ER attending physician with a very nurturing style; he takes Angus under his wing in his first days in the ER. Guthrie's wife killed herself, straining his relationship with his son, a surgeon. He also had a daughter who died from carbon monoxide poisoning while Guthrie tried to save his son from a similar fate. During season 2, Guthrie is diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, and undergoes corrective neurological surgery to delay the onset of symptoms.
Harry Ford as Dr. Angus Leighton, a third-year resident. His father is on the hospital board, and he feels overshadowed by that and by his older brother, a former resident, but slowly grows in confidence.
Benjamin Hollingsworth as Dr. Mario Savetti, a third-year resident. He grew up poor and sees emergency medicine as his only way out. He was previously a bartender.
Luis Guzmán as Jesse Salander, known as "Mama". A senior nurse who manages the residents, Jesse is tough on the outside but caring and supportive of the students. He and Rorish have a long-term, close friendship.
Boris Kodjoe as Dr. Will Campbell, Chief of Surgery. A highly regarded surgeon who becomes the new Chief of the ER in season 2 in order to save costs, causing strife between him and Leanne. Campbell has a disabled daughter (season 2–3; recurring in season 1).
Jillian Murray as Dr. Heather Pinkney, a surgical resident who becomes involved with Mario. He quickly ends it when he hears about her side relationship with Dr. Campbell. She gets in further trouble when it's revealed she's providing Angus with drugs. When confronted by Campbell, she threatens to turn their past relationship into a sexual harassment case. While treating a patient with unknown deadly virus, she's bitten by the patient and succumbs to the illness (season 2; recurring in season 1).
Rob Lowe as Dr. Ethan Willis, a Army Medical Corps colonel attached to the prestigious Combat Casualty Care research program. He joins the ER staff at Angels Memorial for the remainder of his service contract after the Army pulls him from the battlefield in Afghanistan. Willis brings with him revolutionary military medical techniques, and builds a strong friendship with Dr Leanne Rorish (season 2–3).
Noah Gray-Cabey as Elliot Dixon, a second-year resident in the ER (season 3; recurring season 2).
Emily Tyra as Noa Kean, an ER resident who embarks upon a relationship with Mario (season 3; recurring season 2)
Emily Alyn Lind as Ariel (season 3; guest seasons 1–2)
Moon Bloodgood as Rox Valenzuela, a Los Angeles Fire Department paramedic. Rox is Ethan's ride-along partner (season 3).[8]
Recurring[edit]
Angela Relucio as Risa Park R.N., a nurse in the Emergency Department.
Ellia English as Isabel Mendez R.N., a nurse in the Emergency Department.
Emily Nelson as Hannah Reynolds R.N., a nurse in the Emergency Department.
Tommy Dewey as Dr. Mike Leighton, Angus' older brother, and a recently hired ER attending physician. He becomes the Director of the Residency Program following Rorish's promotion (seasons 1–2).
Cress Williams as Dr. Cole Guthrie, a surgeon and Rollie's son. His relationship with his father is strained by his mother's suicide (seasons 1–2).

Season 1[edit]
Jeff Hephner as Dr. Ed Harbert, Angels Memorial Hospital CEO and Gina's boyfriend. He and Leanne clash frequently, but their mutual respect is obvious.
Kevin Dunn as Dr. Mark Taylor, the Director of the Emergency Department at Angels Memorial, who is on leave during an investigation into potential mismanagement.
Shiri Appleby as Dr. Carla Niven, a former resident at Angels Memorial, Malaya's ex-girlfriend. She is diagnosed with leukemia while pregnant and dies shortly after delivering the baby.
Christina Vidal as Dr. Gina Perello, the replacement Director of the Emergency Department at Angels Memorial, who takes over when Dr. Taylor is put on leave. She was murdered by Malaya's stalker.
Gabrielle Carteris as Amy Wolowitz, R.N., a nurse in the Emergency Department.
Meagan Good as Dr. Grace Adams, Neal's ex-girlfriend.
Season 2[edit]
Nafessa Williams as Charlotte Piel, a new first year resident in the ER who was a popular teenaged actress. She was shot and killed in the waiting room while treating patients.
Kathleen Rose Perkins as Dr. Amanda Nolan, a psychiatrist at the hospital.
Season 3[edit]
Tyler Perez as Diego Avila, son of a hospital board member and a first year resident who drives the staff and patients crazy with his video camera as he is making a documentary about the Angels ER.
Alex Lange as Max, a young cancer patient with whom Ariel strikes up a friendship which turns into young love. He died minutes before he was supposed to receive a transplant.
Production[edit]
On January 27, 2015, the show's pilot episode was greenlighted by CBS.[9] On June 4, Brett Mahoney was appointed as executive producer for Code Black.[10]
On October 23, 2015, CBS ordered six new scripts for Code Black.[11] The following month, CBS ordered five additional episodes.[12] CBS renewed the show for a second season in May 2016.[2]
Casting[edit]
On February 17, 2015, Marcia Gay Harden was cast as Christa, a soccer mom who lost her son to cancer.[13] On February 23, Melanie Chandra was cast as Malaya, a doctor beginning her residency.[14] Maggie Grace was cast as Dr. Leanne Rorish, the lead of the show, the following day.[15] On March 3, Luis Guzman was set to star as Jose Santiago, a senior nurse.[16] The character's name was later changed to Jesse Salander. The following day, Raza Jaffrey was cast as Neal,[17] and Ben Hollingsworth was set to star as Mario, a new resident.[18] When Grace left the show before filming began,[19] the role of Leanne was then given to Harden,[20] and Bonnie Somerville was cast in Harden's role as Christa.[20]
At the end of season 1, Somerville and Jaffrey departed the main cast, and recurring actors Jillian Murray and Boris Kodjoe joined the main cast, reprising their roles of Dr. Heather Pickney and Dr. Will Campbell respectively.[21] Rob Lowe also joined the main cast as Colonel Ethan Willis, a Combat Casualty Care doctor assigned to Angels as part of a Marine Corps training program.[22] In 2017, Moon Bloodgood was cast in the recurring role of paramedic Rox Valenzuela for the series' third season, and was subsequently promoted to series regular as of the third season's fourth episode.[8] Bloodgood's casting followed the departures of both Chandra[23] and Murray.[24] Former recurring actors Emily Alyn Lind, Noah Gray-Cabey and Emily Tyra were also promoted to the main cast for the third season.[25][26]
International broadcast[edit]
In the UK the show is shown on W! with Season 3 premiering in late May 2018.[27]
Reception[edit]
Code Black has received mixed reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes the series has a rating of 54%, based on 39 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads, "While not reinventing the stethoscope, Code Black is an above-average medical drama, with appropriately theatrical storylines that make up for sometimes cheesy dialogue."[28] On Metacritic, the series has a score of 53 out of 100, based on 26 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[29] However on IMDB Code Black received an average score of 8.1/10 based on 8832 votes. [30]
At the 2016 Monte-Carlo Television Festival, Harden won the Best Actress in a TV Series Golden Nymph Award,[31] while Code Black was nominated for Best TV Series Drama.[32]
Ratings[edit]
Season
Timeslot (ET)
Episodes
Premiered
Ended
TV season
Rank
Viewers
(in millions,
including DVR)
Date
Viewers
(in millions)
Date
Viewers
(in millions)
1 Wednesday 10:00 pm 18 September 30, 2015 (2015-09-30) 8.58[33] February 24, 2016 (2016-02-24) 6.91[34] 2015–16 34 10.17[35]
2 16 September 28, 2016 (2016-09-28) 6.37[36] February 8, 2017 (2017-02-08) 6.07[37] 2016–17 31 9.23[38]
3 13 April 25, 2018 5.64[39] July 18, 2018 5.37[40] 2017–18 60 6.93[41]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (May 13, 2015). "CBS Fall 2015 Schedule: 'Supergirl' Opens Monday, 'Life In Pieces' Follows 'Big Bang'". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved May 21, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Ausiello, Michael (May 16, 2016). "CBS Renews Code Black, Odd Couple and 2 Other Bubble Shows". TVLine. Retrieved May 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (November 14, 2016). "CBS Orders More Episodes Of 'Man With A Plan', 'The Great Indoors' & 'Code Black'". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved November 14, 2016.
Jump up ^ Stanhope, Kate; O'Connell, Michael (May 14, 2017). "CBS's 'Code Black' Renewed for Third Season". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ Pedersen, Erik (January 11, 2018). "CBS Sets Midseason Premiere Dates For 'Elementary' & 'Code Black'". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
Jump up ^ Gelman, Vlada (May 24, 2018). "'Code Black' Cancelled at CBS After 3 Seasons". TV Line. Retrieved May 24, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Cavassuto, Maria (June 3, 2016). "TV News Roundup: 'Code Black' Casting Shuffle Promotes One and Loses Two". variety.com. Retrieved October 2, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b http://tvline.com/2017/08/16/code-black-moon-bloodgood-season-3-cast-cbs/
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (January 27, 2015). "'Code Black' Medical Drama From Michael Seitzman, Divorced-Dad Comedy Get CBS Pilot Orders". Deadline. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (June 4, 2015). "Brett Mahoney Inks CBS Studios Deal, Joins 'Code Black' As Executive Producer". Deadline. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (October 23, 2015). "'Limitless' Gets Full-Season Order From CBS". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 13, 2016.
Jump up ^ Abrams, Natalie (November 20, 2015). "CBS orders more Code Black". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved November 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (February 17, 2015). "Marcia Gay Harden Joins CBS Medical Drama Pilot 'Code Black'". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (February 23, 2015). "Melanie Kannokada Joins 'Code Black'; Andrea Anders In 'How We Live'". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Lesley (February 24, 2015). "'Lost's' Maggie Grace to Topline CBS Medical Drama 'Code Black'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (March 3, 2015). "Luis Guzman To Star In CBS' 'Code Black'; Cody Horn In ABC's 'Broad Squad'". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (March 4, 2015). "'Homeland's Raza Jaffrey To Co-Star In CBS Pilot 'Code Black'". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (March 5, 2015). "Charity Wakefield To Star In 'Endgame'; Ben Hollingsworth Joins 'Code Black'". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (March 9, 2015). "Lost Vet Maggie Grace Exits CBS' Medical Drama Pilot Code Black". TVLine. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Andreeva, Nellie (March 13, 2015). "Marcia Gay Harden Takes Over The Lead In 'Code Black', Bonnie Somerville Cast". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ http://deadline.com/2016/06/code-black-bonnie-somerville-raza-jaffrey-exit-creative-changes-1201767279/
Jump up ^ http://deadline.com/2016/07/rob-lowe-cast-code-black-season-2-series-regular-1201782874/
Jump up ^ http://tvline.com/2017/07/19/code-black-season-3-melanie-chandra-leaving-malaya-pineda/
Jump up ^ http://tvline.com/2017/02/08/code-black-recap-season-2-finale-leanne-ariel-virus/
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (October 4, 2017). "'Code Black': Emily Alyn Lind Upped To Series Regular For Season 3". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (March 12, 2018). "'Code Black' Season 3 Premiere & 'Criminal Minds' Season Finale Move Up a Week". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ "W Sets UK Premiere Date For 'Code Black' Season 3 - TVWise". TVWise. 2018-05-09. Retrieved 2018-06-15.
Jump up ^ "Code Black (2015)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Code Black (2015): Season 1". Metacritic. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Code Black (2015-2018) User Ratings". IMDB. Retrieved July 29, 2018.
Jump up ^ Richford, Rhonda (June 17, 2016). "Marcia Gay Harden Celebrates Acting Win for 'Code Black' at Monte Carlo TV Fest". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Golden Nymph Awards Laureates & Nominees". Monaco Mediax. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
Jump up ^ Dixon, Dani (October 1, 2015). "Wednesday Final Ratings: 'Empire', 'Survivor', 'Modern Family' & 'Rosewood' Adjusted Up; 'Nashville' & 'Code Black' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 14, 2016). "Broadcast Live +7 ratings: 'Big Bang Theory' has biggest week 23 gain, 'Jane the Virgin' and 3 others double". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 14, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Full 2015–16 TV Season Series Rankings". Deadline Hollywood. May 26, 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (September 29, 2016). "Wednesday final ratings: 'Empire,' 'Lethal Weapon,' 'Criminal Minds,' 'SVU' & 'Blindspot' all adjust up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved September 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 9, 2017). "'Goldbergs,' 'Modern Family,' 'Blindspot' adjust up, 'Black-ish' adjusts down: Wednesday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Final 2016-17 TV Rankings: 'Sunday Night Football' Winning Streak Continues". Deadline Hollywood. May 26, 2017. Retrieved May 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 26, 2018). "'Empire' adjusts up: Wednesday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 26, 2018.
Jump up ^ Welch, Alex (July 19, 2018). "'The ESPY Awards' stay low, all shows hold: Wednesday final ratings". TV By The Numbers. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
Jump up ^ de Moraes, Lisa; Hipes, Patrick (2018-05-23). "2017-18 TV Series Ratings Rankings: NFL Football, 'Big Bang' Top Charts". Deadline. Retrieved 2018-07-24.
External links[edit]
Official website
Code Black on IMDb
Code Black at Rotten Tomatoes
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values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

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values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
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