text:
Indefinite leave to remain
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
British citizenship and
British nationality law
Introduction
British nationality law
History
Citizens of the Republic of Ireland
in the United Kingdom
Classes of British national
status and other status
British citizens
British subjects
(under the British Nationality Act 1981)
British Overseas Territories citizens
British Nationals (Overseas)
British Overseas citizens
British Protected Persons
Commonwealth citizens
in the United Kingdom
See also
Right of abode
Belonger status
(in certain British Overseas Territories
and formerly certain former British Dependent territories)
Acts
British Nationality Act 1948
Ireland Act 1949
Immigration Act 1971
British Nationality Act 1981
British Nationality (Falkland Islands) Act 1983
British Overseas Territories Act 2002
v
t
e
Indefinite leave to remain (ILR) or permanent residency (PR) is an immigration status granted to a person who does not hold the right of abode in the United Kingdom (UK), but who has been admitted to the UK without any time limit on his or her stay and who is free to take up employment or study. When indefinite leave is granted to persons outside the United Kingdom it is known as indefinite leave to enter (ILE).
A person who has indefinite leave to remain, the right of abode or Irish citizenship has settled status if resident in the United Kingdom (all full British citizens have the right of abode).
Indefinite leave is not a permanent status. It can lapse where the holder has stayed outside the United Kingdom for a continuous period of more than two years.[1]
Settled status is central to British nationality law, as the most usual route to naturalisation or registration as a British citizen requires that the applicant be settled in the UK. Settled status is also important where a child of non-British citizen parents is born in the UK, as unless at least one parent has settled status the child will not automatically be a British citizen.
Contents
1 Advantages
1.1 Acquisition of British citizenship
1.2 Children born in the UK
1.3 Public funds
1.4 Home student status
1.5 Right to stand in elections
2 Acquisition of ILR
2.1 No residence
2.2 2 years' residence
2.3 4 years' residence
2.4 5 years' residence
2.5 6 years' residence
2.6 10 years' residence
2.7 7 years' residence
2.8 19–22.5 years' residence
2.9 30 years' residence
2.10 Outside the Immigration Rules
3 Costs
4 Citizens of EEA member states
5 Immigration rule changes
5.1 HC 1016
5.2 HC 398
5.3 HC 194
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Advantages[edit]
Acquisition of British citizenship[edit]
Main article: British nationality law
Holders of ILR may apply for British citizenship if they have held ILR for twelve months or longer, are over 18 and have been living in the United Kingdom for the last five years.
There are seven requirements for naturalisation. The applicant:-
must be aged 18 or over.
must be of sound mind.
must intend to continue living in the UK, or to continue in Crown service, the service of an international organisation of which the UK is a member, or the service of a company or association established in the UK.
must be able to communicate in English, Welsh or Scottish Gaelic to an acceptable degree.
must have sufficient knowledge of life in the UK.
must be of good character.
must meet the residential requirements.
There are several residential requirements. The applicant must:-
have been resident in the UK for at least five years (this is known as the residential qualifying period); and
were present in the UK five years before the date of the application; and
not have spent more than 450 days outside the UK during the five-year period; and
not have spent more than 90 days outside the UK in the last 12 months of the five-year period; and
not have been in breach of the Immigration Rules at any stage during the five-year period.
See "Standard Requirements", April 2010.
Alternatively, there is a simpler procedure for holders of ILR applying for British citizenship if they are married to a British citizen. The residential requirements for those falling into this category need only hold ILR on the day they apply for British citizenship, but must also:-
have been resident in the United Kingdom for at least three years (this is known as the residential qualifying period); and
were present in the United Kingdom three years before the date of the application; and
have not spent more than 270 days outside the United Kingdom during the three-year period; and
have not spent more than 90 days outside the United Kingdom in the last 12 months of the three-year period; and
have not been in breach of the immigration rules at any stage during the three-year period.
See "Spouse or Civil Partner of citizen", April 2010.
Other people aged over 18, who hold another form of British nationality and employees (and their husband, wife or civil partner) of the crown, civil service or designated service outside the United Kingdom may instead apply for registration, which is a simpler process than naturalisation.
Children born in the UK[edit]
A child born in the United Kingdom after 1983 to persons who are not British citizens will not automatically be a British citizen.
Prior to 1 July 2006, only a legitimate child (born to parents who are married to each other) could automatically derive British citizenship from the father, if the father was a British citizen or "settled" in the United Kingdom. However, if the parents are not married when the child is born in the United Kingdom, but then get married, and the marriage legitimates the child, then if the father was a British citizen or "settled" in the UK when the child was born, the child would become a British citizen and would be regarded as having been one from the date of marriage. This affects only children where the mother is neither a British citizen nor "settled" in the UK.
For children born on or after 1 July 2006, an unmarried father has broadly equivalent rights (compared with a married father) to pass on British citizenship to a child.
Where a child would be a British citizen but for the fact that the parents are not married, the Home Office will usually register the child as a British citizen under section 3(1) of the British Nationality Act provided that the child is still under 18.
If ILR is acquired after the child's birth, the child will not automatically be a British citizen. However the child can be registered as a British citizen under s1(3) of the British Nationality Act 1981 provided application is made before the age of 18. Alternatively, if the child lives in the UK until age 10, it will have a lifetime entitlement to registration as a British citizen under s1(4) of the Act.
Children born in the United Kingdom before 1983 are British citizens regardless of the immigration status of their parents (unless the father was at the time of the child's birth a diplomat accredited to the United Kingdom).
Public funds[edit]
Unlike people with Limited Leave to Remain (LTR) in the UK, ILR holders have access to public funds. "No recourse to public funds" is not written in ILR holders' visas. As a result, they are able to claim job seekers' allowances and other benefits that are usually available only to British, EU, and EEA citizens.
Home student status[edit]
Main article: Home student (United Kingdom)
ILR holders pay home student rates (i.e. the same rate as British, EU, EEA and Swiss citizens) for study at higher education institutions in the UK. That is, they are not charged as international students, unlike LTR visa holders, if they want to study courses in any UK institutions.
Right to stand in elections[edit]
Main article: Elections in the United Kingdom
Commonwealth citizens who have ILR and are resident in the UK have the right to vote and stand as candidates in all elections.[2]
Acquisition of ILR[edit]
ILR can be acquired in a number of ways.
No residence[edit]
A child (including an adopted child) aged under 18 who holds leave to enter or remain with a view to settlement with a parent, parents or a relative who is a settled person and resident in the UK can apply for ILR using Form SET(F).
A parent, grandparent or other dependant relative aged 18 or over of a person who is a settled person and resident in the UK can apply for ILR using Form SET(F).
People satisfying all of the below criteria can apply for ILR using Form SET(DV):
were given permission to come to the UK for up to 27 months or to extend his/her stay for two years as the husband, wife, civil partner, unmarried partner or same-sex partner of a permanent resident (even if that permission is no longer valid)
were still in that relationship at the time they came to the UK or extended their stay as their husband, wife, civil partner, unmarried partner or same-sex partner
can produce evidence that the relationship has broken down permanently since then as a result of domestic violence.
2 years' residence[edit]
A person who has lived in the UK for 2 years with temporary permission to remain in the UK as the husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried/same-sex partner of a British citizen or a settled person and who intends to continue living together (and are still married or in a civil partnership, if applicable) can apply for ILR using Form SET(M), as long as he/she arrived in the UK or applied for permission to stay in the UK on or before 8 July 2012.
Note that a person living in the UK as the husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried/same-sex partner of a British citizen or a settled person who either arrives in the UK or applies for permission to stay in the UK on or after 9 July 2012 must live in the UK for 5 years (and not 2 years) to obtain ILR (see below).
4 years' residence[edit]
A person who has lived in the UK for 4 years with a visa issued before 3 April 2006 under the Highly Skilled Migrant Programme (HSMP) and Employment Not Requiring Work Permit can apply for ILR using Form SET(O).
A commonwealth citizen who has served in the British Armed Forces for a minimum of four years: after leaving the Army can apply for ILR using Form SET(AF).[3]
5 years' residence[edit]
A person who has lived in the UK for 5 years with a visa issued in one of the following categories can apply for ILR using Form SET(O):
Tier 1 or Tier 2 of the points-based system (excluding the Post-study work category of Tier 1)
work permit
businessperson
innovator
investor
representative of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation
private servant in a diplomatic household
domestic worker in a private household
overseas government employee
minister of religion, missionary or member of a religious order
airport-based operational staff of an overseas-owned airline
self-employed lawyer
writer, composer or artist
UK ancestry
highly skilled migrant under the Highly Skilled Migrant Programme (HSMP)
A person who has lived in the UK for 5 years with a visa issued in one of the following categories can apply for ILR using Form SET(BUS):
retired person of independent means
sole representative of an overseas firm.
A person who has been granted humanitarian protection since 30 August 2005 and whose current 5-year permission to stay is due to expire can apply for ILR using Form SET (Protection Route).
A person who has lived in the UK for 5 years under the Gateway Protection Programme can apply for ILR using Form HPDL.
A person who has lived in the UK for 5 years with temporary permission to remain in the UK as the husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried/same-sex partner of a British citizen or a settled person and who intends to continue living together (and are still married or in a civil partnership, if applicable) can apply for ILR, as long as he/she arrived in the UK or applied for permission to stay in the UK on or after 9 July 2012. For those who arrived in the UK or applied for permission to stay in the UK on or before 8 July 2012, a 2-year period of residence (instead of 5 years) applies (see above).
6 years' residence[edit]
A person who has lived in the UK for 6 years with Discretionary Leave can apply for ILR using SET(O). Form HPDL was used as an alternative depending on circumstance but this practice has now ceased.
10 years' residence[edit]
A person who has lived in the UK for 10 years continuously can apply for ILR on the ground of 'long residence' using Form SET(LR) as long as all time spent in the UK during the 10 years has been lawful, and he/she has not left the UK for more than 540 calendar days in total (18 months), or more than 180 calendar days (6 months) at one time.[4][5] In 'compelling or compassionate circumstances', the Home Office can exercise discretion over any excess absences over the threshold.[6] If the person has gaps in lawful residence during the 10-year period, ILR can still be granted as long as each gap did not exceed 28 days and ended before 24 November 2016, or in 'exceptional circumstances' where the gap exceeded 28 days, or where there was a 'good reason beyond the control of the applicant or their representative' if the gap did not exceed 14 days and ended on or after 24 November 2016.[6]
7 years' residence[edit]
A person aged under 18 who has lived in the UK for 7 years continuously (lawfully or unlawfully, but discounting any period of imprisonment) can apply for leave to remain on the grounds of private life using Form FLR(FP) if it would not be reasonable to expect the applicant to leave the UK. During the 7-year period of continuous residence, the person must not have left the UK for more than 540 calendar days in total (18 months), or more than 180 calendar days (6 months) at one time.[4] After living in the UK for 10 years continuously (holding leave to remain on the grounds of private life during this period), he/she can apply for ILR.[7][8]
19–22.5 years' residence[edit]
A person aged between 18 and 25 who has lived in the UK for at least half of his/her life (lawfully or unlawfully, but discounting any period of imprisonment) can apply for leave to remain on the grounds of private life using Form FLR(FP). During the period of continuous residence, the person must not have not left the UK for more than 540 calendar days in total (18 months), or more than 180 calendar days (6 months) at one time.[4] After living in the UK for 10 years continuously (holding leave to remain on the grounds of private life during this period), he/she can apply for ILR.[7][8]
30 years' residence[edit]
A person who has lived in the UK for 20 years continuously (lawfully or unlawfully, but discounting any period of imprisonment) can apply for leave to remain on the grounds of private life using Form FLR(FP). During the 20-year period of continuous residence, the person must not have not left the UK for more than 540 calendar days in total (18 months), or more than 180 calendar days (6 months) at one time.[4] After living in the UK for a further 10 years continuously (holding leave to remain on the grounds of private life during this period), he/she can apply for ILR.[7][8]
Alternatively, a person who has lived in the UK for less than 20 years continuously (lawfully or unlawfully, but discounting any period of imprisonment), but faces very significant obstacles to integrating into the country to which he/she would have to go if required to leave the UK, can apply for leave to remain on the grounds of private life using Form FLR(FP). During the period of continuous residence, the person must not have not left the UK for more than 540 calendar days in total (18 months), or more than 180 calendar days (6 months) at one time.[4] After living in the UK for a further 10 years continuously (holding leave to remain on the grounds of private life during this period), he/she can apply for ILR.[7][8]
Outside the Immigration Rules[edit]
UK Visas and Immigration has discretion to grant ILR outside the Immigration Rules either where someone qualifies under one of the immigration policy concessions or for reasons that are particularly compelling in circumstance and it is almost certain that there will be no change in circumstances within five years.[9]
Costs[edit]
Prior to 2003, Indefinite Leave to Remain in the UK was free. However, since 2003, fees have been introduced and have risen each year in April. ILR Fees were introduced at £155[10] in 2003. Following record immigration in 2004–05, mainly from Eastern Europe,[11] for the main applicant the fee was raised in 2005 to £335,[12] in 2007 to £750, and in 2009 to £820.
In 2009 the Government introduced a £70m Migrants Impact Fund. Economic migrants and students coming to the UK from outside the EU are charged a £50.00 levy in addition to their normal visa application fee. The fund is used to support the communities in which they live.[13] A fee was also introduced for dependent applicants, at £50.00 each. In 2009 Premium Applications with an in-person appointment at a regional office were introduced at a cost to the applicant of £1020.[14]
In 2010/11 the application fee was raised to £840 (£1095 premium) including the Migrants Impact Levy.[15] The dependents fee was also increased to £129.00 each.
In August 2010, the new government scrapped the Migrants Impact Fund.[16] However, the levy is still charged; the extra income "will now contribute to the cost of the visa and will mitigate increases that the Government would otherwise have had to make."[17]
On 6 April 2011, the application fee was raised to £972 (£1,350 premium) including the Migrants Impact Levy.[18] The dependents fee was also increased to £486 (£675 premium) each.
From 6 April 2012, the application fee was raised to £991 (£1,377 premium) including the Migrants Impact Levy.[19] The dependents fee was also increased to £496 (£689 premium) each.
From 6 April 2015, the application fee was raised to £1,500 (£1,900 premium).
From 6 April 2016, the application fee was raised to £1,875 (£2,375 premium) per person (dependants also pay the same fees).[20]
From 6 April 2017, the application fee was raised to £2,297 (£2,848 premium) per person (dependants also pay the same fees).[21]
From 6 April 2018, the application fee was raised slightly to £2,389 (£2,999 premium) per person (dependants also pay the same fees).[22]
Citizens of EEA member states[edit]
Citizens of countries in the European Economic Area (other than British and Irish citizens) and Swiss citizens obtain permanent residence status automatically after five years' residence in the United Kingdom exercising Treaty rights[23] rather than ILR. The rights of EEA citizens are not governed by UK Immigration Regulations[10] but rather the EEA Regulations.
Under the law as it existed between 2 October 2000 and 29 April 2006, a citizen of an EEA state or Switzerland could be granted permanent residence on application after four years' residence in the United Kingdom exercising Treaty rights (five years from 3 April 2006). Prior to 2 October 2000, citizens of EEA states were deemed to be permanent residents immediately upon taking up residence in the UK to exercise Treaty rights.
The change in the law in 2000 was retroactive. Hence, for example, a French citizen who arrived to work in the UK on 1 July 1986 would have been treated as a permanent resident between that date and 1 October 2000. From 2 October 2000, the status would revert to that of a temporary resident if an application for ILR was not made. On 30 April 2006, with five years' residence exercising Treaty rights accrued, that person regained permanent resident status.
Immigration rule changes[edit]
HC 1016[edit]
With effect from 3 April 2006, the period of time required to obtain Indefinite Leave to Remain increases to five years. These changes were debated in House of Commons Standing Committee on 20 June 2006. All Labour MPs voted for preserving the retroactive aspect of the changes, while all other MPs voted that the Government should bring in transitional arrangements to allow those already in the UK before the rule change to qualify under the previous four-year rule. These changes were protested in demonstrations and rallies in London on 16 June and 23 July 2006.
The changes were retroactive in the sense that people on a four-year visas must apply for a one-year extension before they can apply for ILR, but they did not affect people who had already been granted ILR after four years.
HC 398[edit]
As from 2 April 2007, a new condition has been added that "the applicant has sufficient knowledge of the English language and sufficient knowledge about life in the United Kingdom, unless he is under the age of 18 or aged 65 or over at the time he makes his application."[24]
There are two ways the applicant can meet this condition:[25]
by passing a test called the "Life in the UK Test". The test is taken on a computer at one of the 100 or so Life in the UK Test centres in the UK. It consists of 24 questions based on the information contained in the handbook "Life in the United Kingdom: A Journey to Citizenship" (2nd Edition) and requires a language ability the equivalent of ESOL Entry 3.
by attending an English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) course which includes citizenship materials, and progressing from one ESOL level to the next. It is stated that on average students require between 200 and 450 hours of tuition for each ESOL level.
HC 194[edit]
On 9 July 2012, the 14-year rule (paragraph 276B(i)(b)) (which provided a route to settlement on the grounds of long residence, lawful or unlawful) was withdrawn. Instead, the new Immigration Rules provided that at least 20 years' continuous residence, lawful or unlawful, would, subject to criminality and other criteria, normally be necessary to establish a claim to remain in the UK on the basis of the Article 8 right to respect for private life. (The 10-year rule (paragraph 276B(i)(a)), which provides a route to settlement on the grounds of continuous lawful residence in the UK of at least 10 years, was unaffected and remains in place).[26]
ILR may also be curtailed by the Home Secretary for reasons of national security or if the holder of the ILR commits an offence that could lead to their deportation from the United Kingdom.
A person may also lose ILR by leaving the United Kingdom for more than two years. However, in some circumstances, such a person may reapply for indefinite leave to enter the UK.
British Overseas citizens, British subjects and British protected persons do not lose ILR no matter how long they stay outside the UK.
See also[edit]
British nationality law
Leave to enter
Life in the UK test
Permanent residency
Right of abode
UK Ancestry Entry Clearance
Long-term resident (European Union)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Art. 13(4)(a), UK Parliament. The Immigration (Leave to Enter and Remain) Order 2000 as made, from legislation.gov.uk.
Jump up ^ Electoral Administration Act 2006, Section 18
Jump up ^ "Apply to settle in the UK - GOV.UK". www.gov.uk.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Immigration Rules part 7: other categories - Immigration Rules - Guidance - GOV.UK". www.gov.uk.
Jump up ^ "Apply to settle in the UK: long residence: Eligibility - GOV.UK". www.gov.uk.
^ Jump up to: a b "Home Office: Long residence (Version 15.0)" (PDF).
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Immigration Rules - Guidance - GOV.UK". www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Home Office Immigration Directorate Instruction (Family Migration: Appendix FM Section 1.0b), Section 8 (pp.39-46)" (PDF).
Jump up ^ "Chapter 01: general provisions (immigration directorate instructions) - GOV.UK" (PDF). www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Immigration (Leave to Remain) (Fees) Regulations 2003". www.legislation.gov.uk.
Jump up ^ "BBC NEWS - UK - Rate of immigration 'set to rise'". news.bbc.co.uk.
Jump up ^ Westminster, Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons,. "House of Commons Standing Committee". www.publications.parliament.uk.
Jump up ^ Foundation, Internet Memory. "[ARCHIVED CONTENT] UK Government Web Archive – The National Archives". webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 8 April 2010.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 4 January 2008. Retrieved 2007-12-18. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
Jump up ^ http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/sitecontent/documents/britishcitizenship/feesfrom060410.pdf[permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ Wintour, Patrick (6 August 2010). "Fund to ease impact of immigration scrapped by stealth" – via The Guardian.
Jump up ^ Westminster, Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Lords,. "Lords Hansard text for 17 Nov 201017 Nov 2010 (pt 0001)". www.publications.parliament.uk.
Jump up ^ "Visa fees - GOV.UK" (PDF). www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk.
Jump up ^ http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/sitecontent/documents/aboutus/fees-table-spring-2012.pdf[permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "Apply to settle in the UK - GOV.UK". www.gov.uk.
Jump up ^ https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/607212/Fees_table_April_2017.pdf
Jump up ^ https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/697987/Gov_uk_fees_revision_2018.pdf
Jump up ^ "European nationals and schemes (entry clearance guidance) - GOV.UK". www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk.
Jump up ^ "Immigration Rules - Guidance - GOV.UK". www.ind.homeoffice.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 9 May 2007. Retrieved 20 May 2007.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 16 June 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-20. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
Jump up ^ "Statement of changes to the Immigration Rules: HC194, June 2012 - GOV.UK" (PDF). www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk.
External links[edit]
UK Border Agency - Applying for settlement in the United Kingdom
hide
v
t
e
British nationality law
Nationality
Principal
British citizen
British Overseas Territories citizen
British Overseas citizen
British National (Overseas)
Other
British subject
Commonwealth citizen
British protected person
Belonger status
EU citizen
Legislation
Current
British Nationality Act 1981
British Overseas Territories Act 2002
Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006
Previous
Sophia Naturalization Act 1705
British Nationality Act 1948
Ireland Act 1949
Commonwealth Immigrants Act of 1962 and 1968
Immigration Act 1971
British Nationality (Falkland Islands) Act 1983
General
British Nationality Act
History
British Nationality Selection Scheme
Citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies
British nationality law and the Republic of Ireland
British nationality law and Hong Kong
Immigration
Immigration Act 1971
Indefinite leave to remain
Right of Abode (United Kingdom)
Common Travel Area
History of UK immigration control
Home Office hostile environment policy
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indefinite_leave_to_remain&oldid=862863981"
Categories:
Human migration
Immigration to the United Kingdom
International travel documents
Hidden categories:
CS1 maint: Archived copy as title
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from June 2017
Articles with permanently dead external links
Use dmy dates from September 2010
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 7 October 2018, at 06:09 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: th

attrs: class style

value: tr

attrs: href class

value: td

value: li

value: ul

values:
/wiki/British_citizens
mw-redirect
British citizens

values:
/wiki/British_Overseas_citizens
mw-redirect
British Overseas citizens

values:
/wiki/British_Protected_Persons
mw-redirect
British Protected Persons

values: Template:British citizenship and British nationality law

values: Template talk:British citizenship and British nationality law

values: float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%

values:
/wiki/Right_of_Abode_(United_Kingdom)
mw-redirect
Right of Abode (United Kingdom)

values:
/wiki/Irish_citizenship
mw-redirect
Irish citizenship

values:
/wiki/British_citizen
mw-redirect
British citizen

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values: Edit section: Acquisition of British citizenship

values:
/wiki/British_citizenship
mw-redirect
British citizenship

values: Edit section: Right to stand in elections

values: Edit section: Outside the Immigration Rules

values: Edit section: Citizens of EEA member states

values:
/wiki/Swiss_citizenship
mw-redirect
Swiss citizenship

values:
/wiki/EEA_Regulations_(UK)
mw-redirect
EEA Regulations (UK)

values:
/wiki/Member_of_Parliament
mw-redirect
Member of Parliament

values:
/wiki/Life_in_the_UK_test
mw-redirect
Life in the UK test

values:
/wiki/UK_Ancestry_Entry_Clearance
mw-redirect
UK Ancestry Entry Clearance

values: Category:CS1 maint: Archived copy as title

values:
/wiki/United_Kingdom_national
mw-redirect
United Kingdom national

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible

values: Category:Immigration to the United Kingdom

values: Category:All articles with dead external links

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from June 2017

values: Category:Articles with permanently dead external links

values: Category:Use dmy dates from September 2010

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Indefinite_leave_to_remain
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Indefinite_leave_to_remain rootpage-Indefinite_leave_to_remain skin-vector action-view


text:
List of countries by proven oil reserves
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Countries by natural gas and oil proven reserves (2015)
A map of world oil reserves according to OPEC, January 2014
Trends in proven oil reserves in top five countries, 1980–2013 (data from US Energy Information Administration)
This is a list of countries by proven oil reserves. Proven reserves are those quantities of petroleum which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated, with a high degree of confidence, to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions.
Some statistics on this page are disputed and controversial. Different sources (OPEC, CIA World Factbook, oil companies) give different figures. Some of the differences reflect different types of oil included. Different estimates may or may not include oil shale, mined oil sands or natural gas liquids.
Because proven reserves include oil recoverable under current economic conditions, nations may see large increases in proven reserves when known, but previously uneconomic deposits become economic to develop. In this way, Canada's proven reserves increased suddenly in 2003 when the oil sands of Alberta were seen to be economically viable. Similarly, Venezuela's proven reserves jumped in the late 2000s when the heavy oil of the Orinoco was judged economic.
Contents
[hide]
1 Countries
2 Different sources
3 See also
4 References
Countries[edit]
Reserves amounts are listed in millions of barrels (MMbbl).
Proven reserves (millions of barrels)
U.S. EIA (start of 2017)[1]
OPEC (end of 2015)[2]
BP (end of 2015)[3]
Other
Country
Rank
Reserves
Rank
Reserves
Rank
Reserves
Source/Date
Reserves
Venezuela (see: Oil reserves in Venezuela) 1 315,878 1 305,878 1 300,900
Saudi Arabia (see: Oil reserves in Saudi Arabia) 2 266,455 2 266,455 2 266,600
Canada (see: Oil reserves in Canada) 3 169,709 26 4,118[4] 3 172,200 Natural Resources Canada, end 2014[5] 171,000
Iran (see: Oil reserves in Iran) 4 158,400 3 158,400 4 157,800
Iraq (see: Oil reserves in Iraq) 5 142,503 4 142,503 5 143,100
Kuwait (see: Oil reserves in Kuwait) 6 101,500 5 101,500 7 101,500
UAE (see: Oil reserves in the United Arab Emirates) 7 97,800 6 97,800 8 97,800
Russia (see: Oil reserves in Russia) 8 80,000 7 80,000 6 102,400
Libya (see: Oil reserves in Libya) 9 48,363 8 48,363 10 48,400
United States (see: Oil reserves in the United States) 10 39,230 10 36,685 9 55,000 ENI, end of 2015[6] 43,629
Nigeria (see: Oil reserves in Nigeria) 11 37,062 9 37,062 11 37,100
Kazakhstan 12 30,000 11 30,000 12 30,000
China 13 25,620 13 25,132 14 18,500
Qatar 14 25,244 12 25,244 13 25,244
Brazil 15 12,999 14 16,184 15 13,000 ENI, end of 2015[6] 16,848
Algeria 16 12,200 15 12,200 17 12,200
Angola 17 / 18 8,273 17 9,524 16 12,700
Ecuador 17 / 18 8,273 18 8,273 19 / 20 8,000
Mexico (see: Oil reserves in Mexico) 19 7,640 16 9,711 18 10,800 PEMEX[7] Start of 2015 9.700
Azerbaijan 20 7,000 19 7,000 21 7,000
Norway 21 6,611 33 5,139 19 / 20 8,000
Oman 22 5,373 21 5,306 23 5,300
India 23 4,621 20 5,680 22 5,680 ENI, end of 2015[6] 5,692
Sudan/South Sudan 24 5,000 32 5,000 24 Sudan 1,500 / S. Sudan 3,500
Vietnam 25 / 26 4,400 24 / 25 4,400 25 4,000
Egypt 25 / 26 4,400 24 / 25 4,400 29 3,500
Malaysia 27 3,600 28 3,750 27 / 28 3,600 ENI, end of 2015[6] 5,542
Indonesia 28 3,230 29 3,230 27 28 3,600 ENI, end of 2015[6] 3,497
Yemen 29 3,000 30 3,000
United Kingdom 30 2,564 30 2,755 31 2,800 UK Oil & Gas Authority, end 2015[8] 2,618
Syria 31 / 32 2,500 31 2,500 32 2,500
Uganda 31 / 32 2,500
Argentina 33 2,185 32 2,380 33 2,400 Argentine Petroleum Institute[9] 2,330
Colombia 34 2,002 33 2,308 34 2,300
Gabon 35 2,000 34 2,000 35 2,000
Congo, Republic of the (Brazzaville) 36 1,600 36 1,600
Australia 37 1,821 27 3,982 26 4,000 Geoscience Australia[10] end of 2014 4,002
Chad 38 1,500 37 1,500
Brunei 39 / 40 1,100 35 1,100 39 / 40 1,100
Equatorial Guinea 39 / 40 1,100 39 / 40 1,100
Peru 41 473 38 1,400 ENI, end of 2015[6] 1,489
Trinidad and Tobago 42 243 41 700 ENI, end of 2015[6] 830
Ghana (see: Oil reserves in Ghana) 43 660
Turkmenistan 44 / 45 600 36 600 42 / 46 600
Romania 44 / 45 600 42 / 46 600
Uzbekistan 46 594 37 594 42 / 46 600
Italy 47 557 42 / 46 600 ENI, end of 2015[6] 595
Denmark 48 491 38 511 42 / 46 600 ENI, end of 2015[6] 550
Tunisia 49 425 47 / 48 400
Thailand 50 396 47 / 48 400
Ukraine 51 395 39 395
Turkey 52 389 ENI, end of 2015[6] 284
Pakistan 53 350 ENI, end of 2015[6] 236
Bolivia 54 211 ENI, end of 2015[6] 210
Cameroon 55 200
Belarus 56 198 40 198
Congo, Democratic Republic of the (Kinshasa) 57 180
Albania 58 168
Papua New Guinea 59 159 ENI, end of 2015[6] 158
Chile 60 / 61 150
Niger 60 / 61 150
Spain 60 / 61 150
Germany 62 145 ENI, end of 2015[6] 229
Philippines 63 / 64 139
Myanmar 63 / 64 139
Poland 65 138 ENI, end of 2015[6] 151
Bahrain 66 125
Cuba (see: Oil reserves in Cuba) 67 124 ENI, end of 2015[6] 124
Netherlands 68 113 ENI, end of 2015[6] 141
Ivory Coast 69 100
Suriname 70 83.9
Guatemala 71 83.1
France 72 72.4
Serbia 73 77.5
Croatia 74 71.0
New Zealand 75 56.9
Japan 76 44.1
Austria 77 43.0
Kyrgyzstan 78 40.0
Georgia 79 35.0
Bangladesh 80 28.0
Hungary 81 25.1 ENI, end of 2015[6] 35
Mauritania 82 20.0
Bulgaria 83 / 85 15.0
Czech Republic 83 / 85 15.0
South Africa 83 / 85 15.0
Israel 86 12.7 ENI, end of 2015[6] 12
Lithuania 87 / 88 12.0
Tajikistan 87 / 88 12.0
Greece 89 10.0
Slovakia 90 9.00
Benin 91 8.00
Belize 92 6.70
Taiwan 93 2.38
Barbados 94 2.08
Jordan 95 1.00 ENI, end of 2015[6] 1
Morocco 96 0.68
Ethiopia 97 0.43
Afghanistan 0 US Geological Survey[11] 80
World total
1,726,685
1,481,526
1,697,600
Different sources[edit]
Sources sometimes differ on the volume of proven oil reserves. The differences sometimes result from different classes of oil included, and sometimes result from different definitions of proven.
Comparison of proven oil reserves from some widely used sources (billions of barrels, as of 31 Dec. 2014/1 Jan. 2015)
Source
Canada
Iran
Russia
Saudi Arabia
United States
Venezuela
BP[12] 172.9 157.8 103.2 267.0 48.5 298.3
OPEC[13] 4.2[4] 157.5 80.0 266.6 36.5 300.0
US Central Intelligence Agency[14] 171.0 157.8 103.2 268.3 36.5 298.4
US Energy Information Administration[15] 172.5 157.8 80.0 268.3 39.9 298.4
See also[edit]
List of countries by oil production
List of countries by oil consumption
List of countries by natural gas proven reserves
References[edit]
Jump up ^ U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Statistics, accessed 3 Sept. 2016.
Jump up ^ OPEC, Annual Statistical Bulletin 2016
Jump up ^ BP, Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2016.
Jump up ^ OPEC does not include mined oil sand.
Jump up ^ Oil Resources, Natural Resources Canada, 16 Feb. 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t ENI, World Oil and Gas Review, 2016.
Jump up ^ 20150909%20Reservas%20al%201%20de%20enero%202015_e.pd... , PEMEX, accessed 1 Sept 2016
Jump up ^ Oil and Gas reserves and Resources, UK Oil & Gas Authority, 5 Aug. 2016.
Jump up ^ Instituto Argentino del Petróleo y el Gas – Reservas comprobadas de petróleo, en miles de m3 (proven reserves as of 2013)
Jump up ^ Geoscience Australia, Oil, accessed 3 Sept. 2016. (crude oil + condensate).
Jump up ^ "Minerals in Afghanistan" (PDF). USGS Minerals gov. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
Jump up ^ BP Statistical Review of World Energy, 2015
Jump up ^ OPEC Statistical Bulletin, 2015.
Jump up ^ World Factbook, US Central Intelligence Agency, 2015.
Jump up ^ US Reserves: Curde Oil and Lease Condensate, US EIA.
[show]
v
t
e
Lists of countries by energy rankings
Oil
Proven reserves
Production
Consumption
Exports
Imports
All
Natural gas
Proven reserves
Production
Consumption
Exports
Imports
Recoverable shale gas
Coal
Proven reserves
Production
Exports
Imports
Nuclear power
Uranium
Proven reserves
Production
Generation
Renewable energy
Hydroelectricity
Wind
Photovoltaic
Geothermal
Solar water heating
Electric energy
Consumption
Exports
Imports
Production
Total energy
Consumption and production
per capita
Intensity
Summary of top exporters
List of international rankings
List of top international rankings by country
Lists by country
[show]
v
t
e
Lists of countries by industrial output rankings
Metallurgy
Aluminium
Al2O3
Bauxite
Bismuth
Copper
smelter
Gold
Iron ore
Lithium
Magnesium
Manganese
Palladium
Platinum
Silver
Steel
Tin
Titanium
Uranium
reserves
Zinc
Mineral
Antimony
Bentonite
Feldspar
Fluorite
Silicon
Salt
Emissions
CO2
per capita
GDP per
Greenhouse gas
per capita
Others
Manufacturing
Cement
Motor vehicles
Paper
Refrigerators
Washing machines
List of international rankings
List of top international rankings by country
Lists by country
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_by_proven_oil_reserves&oldid=810191491"
Categories:
Energy-related lists by country
Petroleum by country
Petroleum economics
Lists of countries
Oil reserves by country
Hidden categories:
Use dmy dates from November 2015
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Bosanski
Ελληνικά
Español
فارسی
Français
Հայերեն
עברית
Lietuvių
Norsk
Português
Română
Русский
Shqip
தமிழ்
Українська
اردو
Tiếng Việt
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 13 November 2017, at 21:13.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: img

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/CIA_World_Factbook
mw-redirect
CIA World Factbook

values:
/wiki/Oil_companies
mw-redirect
Oil companies

values:
/wiki/Natural_gas_liquids
mw-redirect
Natural gas liquids

attrs: data-sort-type class tabindex role title

values:
text
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
number
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values: Oil reserves in the United Arab Emirates

values:
wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter
text-align:right

values:
background:#DDDDFF;
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values: wikitable sortable sortable jquery-tablesorter

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.ga.gov.au/aera/oil

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
/wiki/International_rankings
mw-redirect
International rankings

values: List of countries by natural gas production

values: List of countries by natural gas consumption

values: List of countries by natural gas exports

values: List of countries by natural gas imports

values: List of countries by recoverable shale gas

values:
/wiki/Uranium_by_country
mw-redirect
Uranium by country

values: List of countries by electricity production from renewable sources

values: List of countries by electricity consumption

values: List of countries by electricity exports

values: List of countries by electricity imports

values: List of countries by total primary energy consumption and production

values: List of countries by energy consumption per capita

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: List of countries by GDP sector composition

values: List of countries by aluminium production

values: List of countries by aluminium oxide production

values: List of countries by copper smelter production

values: List of countries by iron ore production

values: List of countries by magnesium production

values: List of countries by manganese production

values: List of countries by palladium production

values: List of countries by platinum production

values: List of countries by titanium production

values: Lists of countries by mineral production

values: List of countries by bentonite production

values: List of countries by feldspar production

values: List of countries by fluorite production

values: List of countries by greenhouse gas emissions per capita

values: List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions per capita

values: List of countries by ratio of GDP to carbon dioxide emissions

values: List of countries by motor vehicle production

values: Category:Energy-related lists by country

values: Category:Use dmy dates from November 2015

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: قائمة الدول حسب الاحتياطي النفطي المؤكد – Arabic

values: Spisak država po dokazanim rezervama nafte – Bosnian

values: Κατάλογος χωρών ανά αποδεδειγμένα αποθέματα πετρελαίου – Greek

values: Anexo:Países por reservas probadas de petróleo – Spanish

values: فهرست کشورها بر پایه ذخایر نفتی – Persian

values: Liste des pays par réserves de pétrole prouvées – French

values: Աշխարհի երկրներն ըստ նավթի պաշարների – Armenian

values: רשימת מדינות על-פי עתודות הנפט המוכחות – Hebrew

values: Sąrašas:Šalys pagal naftos rezervus – Lithuanian

values: Liste over land med store petroleumsreserver – Norwegian

values: Lista de países por reservas de petróleo – Portuguese

values: Listă de țări după rezervele de petrol – Romanian

values: Мировые запасы нефти – Russian

values: Lista e shteteve sipas rezervave të naftës – Albanian

values: உறுதிப்படுத்தப்பட்ட எண்ணெய் வள அடிப்படையில் நாடுகளின் பட்டியல் – Tamil

values: Світові запаси нафти – Ukrainian

values: فہرست ممالک بلحاظ تیل کے ثابت شدہ ذخائر – Urdu

values: Danh sách các quốc gia theo trữ lượng dầu mỏ – Vietnamese

values: 各国石油储量列表 – Chinese

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-List_of_countries_by_proven_oil_reserves rootpage-List_of_countries_by_proven_oil_reserves skin-vector action-view


text:
Jason Gideon
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Jason Gideon
Criminal Minds character
First appearance
"Extreme Aggressor"
1x01, September 22, 2005
Last appearance
"In Name and Blood"
3x02, October 3, 2007 (as main cast)
"Nelson's Sparrow"
10x13, January 28, 2015 (Flashback)
Created by
Jeff Davis
Portrayed by
Mandy Patinkin
Ben Savage (flashbacks, Nelson's Sparrow)
Information
Nickname(s)
Gideon
Occupation
FBI Special Agent
Title
FBI BAU Senior Supervisory Special Agent
FBI BAU Unit Chief
Children
Stephen Gideon (son)
Seasons
1, 2, 3, 10
Jason Gideon was a fictional character in the CBS crime drama Criminal Minds, portrayed by Mandy Patinkin. Gideon was a Senior Supervisory Special Agent and the unit chief of the FBI's Behavioral Analysis Unit, and has appeared from the series' pilot episode "Extreme Aggressor", which was originally broadcast on September 22, 2005. He is also portrayed as a younger man by Ben Savage, in flashbacks.
Mandy Patinkin abruptly left the show in 2007 just as his character abruptly quit from the BAU due to emotional distress. In 2012, Patinkin opened up about why he left stating that the show "was very destructive to my soul and my personality. After that, I didn't think I would get to work in television again." [1] Gideon's position is now held by his former partner and best friend, David Rossi, who has held it to this day. In Season Ten, Gideon was murdered by Donnie Mallick.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Characterization
3 Relationships
4 Storylines
4.1 Departure and Death
5 References
Background[edit]
Gideon was the protege of Max, who taught him everything he knew about profiling, but he didn't escape the hazing of being a new recruit. One of Gideon's earliest cases was a bomber case, which was supervised by Max. As a prank for the new member, Max and the other investigators involved planted a list of the FBI director's whereabouts over the next 48 hours in the bomber's car for Gideon to find. When he found it, before Max could stop him, Gideon rushed up 25 flights of stairs and interrupted a meeting between the director and the U.S. Attorney General in an attempt to save him.E115
While investigating the case of Adrian Bale, a.k.a. "The Boston Shrapnel Bomber", Gideon had reportedly suffered a nervous breakdown after he sent six men into a warehouse before Bale detonated a bomb inside. All six agents and a hostage were killed, and he was heavily criticized about the event. He took a six-month medical leave because he was suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. Upon his return from medical leave, he was given the Senior Agent position, as Hotch was confirmed as Unit Chief. Not much is known about his personal life, other than he has a son named Stephen, with whom he was estranged because of his commitment to his job.
Characterization[edit]
Through the first two seasons, Gideon was portrayed to be very good at chess, winning against Reid many times (only exception being Reid's birthdayE104) and encouraging him to "think outside the box". Prior to the series, he was said to have had a "nervous breakdown" (or "major depressive episode") after he sent six agents into a warehouse with a bomb in it; all six agents & a hostage were killed, and he was heavily criticized about the event. He showed particular dislike for the practice of using religion as a defense or motivation for one's crimes. Gideon participated in some field operations during his time with the BAU and had the rest of his team "think outside the box" as well, as he made a major advancement by shouting at the top of his lungs with pleas of mercy and, when questioned by his team, he said that the victims were being threatened to be kept quiet as neighbors would have heard the pleas if they were unrestrained. He blamed himself for the torture Reid received from Tobias Hankel as he had ordered Penelope Garcia to add a virus warning to the videos Hankel posted he also blamed himself that he was the one that got Elle Greenaway shot. Gideon also had a son named Stephen.E111 The nature of their relationship has not been directly stated, but it was implied that they have not seen each other very recently. Gideon also has an obsession for birds and bird-watching.
The character of Jason Gideon was partially based on real-life criminal profiler John E. Douglas, one of the founders of modern Behavioral Science.[2]
Relationships[edit]
He helped Derek Morgan and Spencer Reid through their nightmares. He was shown to have a very close relationship with Reid, having hand-picked him from the FBI Academy for his team, helping Reid through many difficulties (including his implied drug use), and even leaving the good-bye letter for Reid to find. Gideon did not know Garcia well, as expressed through an episode wherein he is placed with her while he is on crutches; after they are placed, Garcia complains about him, and he doesn't know her name.
Storylines[edit]
In the show's first episode, "Extreme Aggressor", Gideon was called back to work to help profile a killer, called "The Seattle Strangler" by the media, who abducts women and holds them prisoner before strangling them and dumping their bodies. After solving the case of the Seattle Strangler, Gideon is seen at an old-fashioned gas station in Dumfries, Virginia. While inside, Gideon notices that the cashier fits his profile of the Footpath Killer, a serial killer he had been investigating prior to being called in for the Seattle Strangler case. The man notices Gideon's gun and threatens him with a shotgun, insisting that he tell him who he is. When Gideon reveals he is with the FBI, the gunman gets even more agitated. Gideon then tells the man that he can tell him the one thing no one has ever been able to tell him: why he stutters. However, Gideon did not truly know the answer but was merely trying to provoke a stutter in order to distract the killer. The killer forced Gideon down a hall and into a small room full of pictures of his many victims, an amount that was more than law enforcement had found. Gideon intentionally demeans and insults the killer, increasingly agitating him and making his stutter worse. He takes his eyes off Gideon just long enough for him to grab the gun and subdue the killer.
In "Won't Get Fooled Again", a copycat bomber uses the methods of serial bomber Adrian Bale (the same criminal who committed the warehouse bombing that killed his six colleagues), and Gideon has to face his past and Bale, to find out who the bomber is and stop him. After saving the lives of more agents from a suicide bombing, Gideon was forced to make a deal with Bale to have him help them get a bomb off of an innocent man. When Gideon realizes that Bale is lying about how dismantle it, he calls his bluff, saving them all from a bomb going off. He then has the pleasure of returning Bale to prison, the burden of the six agents' deaths presumably gone, even mocking him while he was being placed in a cell by using Bale's own words ("[A]n emotional release") in a sentence; he states that he finds it an emotional release in putting away criminals like Bale.
In "No Way Out", Gideon faces the scariest and most evil serial killer in his entire career, Frank Breitkopf (David Carradine). The BAU had received a call from Georgia Davis, the Sheriff of the Golconda, Nevada Sheriff's Department, who had recently found two murder victims, both missing their right rib bones, similar to a case that took place in 1996. However, Gideon realized that this unsub has been killing for thirty years. After studying one of the murder victims, he determined that the unsub has extensive medical knowledge, his victims are alive when he cut off their limbs, and that he uses Ketamine to immobilize his victims. With this information, Gideon and the team were able to build a profile of the killer. In order to find the unsub, the Sheriff's Department set up a road-block looking for an RV, truck, or trailer, which was believed was the killer's mode of transportation.
Gideon later noticed that something was bothering Sheriff Davis, and she told him that the profile the BAU gave them reminded her of the experience made by a local named Jane Hanratty, a.k.a. Crazy Jane. Jane had encountered the unsub thirty years ago when her car broke down, but she believed that an alien had abducted her; she survived the abduction. Gideon knew that the unsub allowed Jane to survive because she wasn't scared of him. Eventually, Gideon discovered Frank in Fat Sam's Diner and Deputy Silo told Gideon he had fifteen minutes to negotiate with the unsub. Frank tells them that he had left the schoolchildren in the middle of a desert, and that if he gets Jane, he will tell them where they are. Gideon makes a deal with Frank: he and Jane will come with him if he takes them to where the children are. Frank happily agrees to that. After they pick up Jane and deliver her to Frank, Gideon drives the two to the desert and drops them off, to which Frank tells Gideon where the children are. Frank and Jane then walk off while Gideon runs in the opposite way and finds the children, all unharmed. Gideon and Hotch try to follow Frank's tracks, but they suddenly disappear in the desert.
In "No Way Out II: The Evilution of Frank", while Gideon is trying to make up his mind about what flowers to buy his friend, Sarah Jacobs, he sees Jane. When he looks up again, she has disappeared. Gideon then receives a call from Frank, who is in Gideon's apartment, having murdered Sarah. He demands to have Jane back before hanging up. When the BAU begin to investigate, Gideon contacts Hotch from a payphone and tells him that Frank dumped something in the trash on the street, later revealed to be bloody clothing. During the investigation, it is deduced that Frank is hunting down people Gideon previously rescued. Frank later kills one such person, Rebecca Bryant, who was abducted by Randall Garner and held captive for two years before being rescued by the BAU. Later, Tracy Belle, the sole survivor of Jeffrey Charles, goes missing. Gideon and Garcia are later able to figure out that the only story that moved Frank the first time Gideon met him was the body of a woman who was found in an apartment on the Upper East Side of New York City because he was talking about his mother. Gideon then realizes that Frank was hiding his mother's existence from everyone. Later, the team manages to find Frank, who is calmly sitting on a bench at the Union Train Station, waiting for them to bring him Jane. The team brings in Jane, who refuses to go with Frank. Gideon shows up and tells Frank about Sarah, Frank's mother, whom Gideon claims was a whore. As Gideon and Hotch describe Frank's mother, JJ and Reid locate Tracy, who is bound and gagged but alive and unharmed. Frank convinces Jane to come back to him, and the two commit suicide. Later, Tracy calls Gideon and thanks him for saving her once again.
Departure and Death[edit]
Gideon began to lose confidence in his profiling skills after Frank Breitkopf murdered his girlfriend, Sarah Jacobs. During his final case in Arizona, he further lost faith in his abilities when his decision to release the unsub resulted in the deaths of both the unsub and a young woman. As a result of his actions, Aaron Hotchner was suspended, which was the final straw for Gideon. He then left his cabin shortly afterwards, leaving his gun and badge behind along with a letter for Reid to find as he sought to regain a belief in happy endings. He then leaves and begins traveling abroad. Gideon is last seen going into a Nevada diner to make an order. When asked by a waitress where he is going, he replies that he doesn't know where he was going or how he would know when he got there. He then leaves the diner and subsequently drives off in his vehicle.
In the season ten episode "Nelson's Sparrow", Gideon was murdered off-screen, having been shot dead at a close range by a serial killer named Donnie Mallick (Arye Gross), which prompts the BAU team to investigate Gideon's murder. During the flashbacks focusing on a young version of him for the episode which show him working at the BAU in 1978, he is played by Ben Savage.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Gennis, Sadie (September 15, 2012). "Mandy Patinkin Regrets Criminal Minds: It Was Destructive to My Soul". Thought Co. Retrieved May 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ "5 CBS Sync Facts from Nelson's Sparrow Criminal Minds S10 E13". Archived from the original on 10 March 2015. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
[hide]
v
t
e
Criminal Minds
Criminal Minds
Episodes
Season 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Characters
Jason Gideon
Aaron Hotchner
Elle Greenaway
Derek Morgan
Spencer Reid
Jennifer Jareau
Penelope Garcia
Emily Prentiss
David Rossi
Alex Blake
Video game
Suspect Behavior
Sam Cooper
Beyond Borders
Episodes
Season 1
2
Characters
Jack Garrett
Clara Seger
Russ Montgomery
Matt Simmons
Mae Jarvis
International
South Korean
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jason_Gideon&oldid=835482298"
Categories:
Criminal Minds characters
Fictional Behavioral Analysis Unit agents
Fictional characters introduced in 2005
Hidden categories:
Articles using Infobox character with multiple unlabeled fields
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Bosanski
Nederlands
Português
Српски / srpski
Edit links
This page was last edited on 8 April 2018, at 23:34.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: colspan style

attrs: href title

value: i

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
infobox
width:22em;border-spacing: 2px 5px;

values:
/wiki/Fictional_character
mw-redirect
Fictional character

values: Extreme Aggressor (Criminal Minds Episode)

values:
/wiki/U.S._Attorney_General
mw-redirect
U.S. Attorney General

values:
/wiki/Behavioral_Science
mw-redirect
Behavioral Science

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: List of Criminal Minds: Beyond Borders episodes

values: Criminal Minds: Beyond Borders (season 1)

values: Criminal Minds: Beyond Borders (season 2)

values: List of Criminal Minds: Beyond Borders characters

values: Jack Garrett (Criminal Minds: Beyond Borders)

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Fictional Behavioral Analysis Unit agents

values: Category:Fictional characters introduced in 2005

values: Category:Articles using Infobox character with multiple unlabeled fields

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Jason_Gideon
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: Џејсон Гидион – Serbian

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Jason_Gideon rootpage-Jason_Gideon skin-vector action-view