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Love on the Brain
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"Love on the Brain"
Single by Rihanna
from the album Anti
Released
September 27, 2016 (2016-09-27)
Format
CD single
digital download
Studio
Westlake Recording Studios, Fred's Shed (Santa Monica, California)
Length
3:44
Label
Westbury Road
Roc Nation
Songwriter(s)
Fred Ball
Joseph Angel
Robyn Fenty
Producer(s)
Fred Ball
Kuk Harrell
Rihanna singles chronology
"Too Good"
(2016) "Love on the Brain"
(2016) "Selfish"
(2017)
"Too Good"
(2016) "Love on the Brain"
(2016) "Selfish"
(2017)
"Love on the Brain" is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna for her eighth studio album, Anti (2016). It was written by Joseph Angel and produced by Fred Ball, with additional writing by Rihanna, and Kuk Harrell serving as the vocal producer. The song was provided to US rhythmic contemporary and urban contemporary radio stations on September 27, 2016, as the album's fourth single. "Love on the Brain" is a doo-wop, R&B and soul ballad inspired by 1950s and 1960s music. Its instrumentation consists of a guitar arpeggio, swirling organ, a simple chord progression, syncopated strings, and orchestra. Lyrically, the song has themes of swinging back and forth between the highs and lows of a toxic love.
Commercially, the song reached the top of the Polish chart, as well as the top-twenty in France and New Zealand, and top-forty in Austria, Canada and Germany. In the United States, the song reached number five on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming her 22nd top-five single breaking her tie with Elvis Presley as the artist with the 5th most top-five singles, and it was also her 30th top-ten single tying her with Madonna and The Beatles as the only acts in history to appear at least thirty times in the top-ten of the Hot 100. Rihanna performed the track during her Anti World Tour, as well as at the 2016 Billboard Music Awards and as a part of a medley at the 2016 MTV Video Music Awards.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background and release
2 Composition and lyrical interpretation
3 Critical reception
4 Chart performance
5 Live performances
6 Other uses and covers
7 Formats and track listings
8 Credits and personnel
9 Charts
9.1 Weekly charts
9.2 Year-end charts
10 Certifications
11 Release history
12 See also
13 Notes
14 References
15 External links
Background and release[edit]
Norwegian producer Fred Ball co-wrote and produced the song.
"Love on the Brain" was the first song commissioned for Rihanna's album Anti.[1] Written by Norwegian[2] songwriter and producer Fred Ball and American songwriter Joseph Angel in late 2013,[1] inspiration for the song came from Prince and Al Green. Ball recalled, "We wanted it to have that juxtaposition of an old school soul feel with modern lyrics. That's why Amy Winehouse was never pastiche or retro even though her music has an old soul sound."[1] Ball also stated that they did not write the song with Rihanna in mind, however his manager at Roc Nation, Jay Brown, heard the song and loved it. Brown sent it to Rihanna and she also reacted similarly, writing additional lyrics.[1]
American producer Kuk Harrell handled the song's vocal production. Ball and Angel also supplied the song's keyboards and drums. "Love on the Brain" was recorded at Westlake Studios in Los Angeles. The vocal recording was carried out by Marcos Tovar for Allfadersup and Harrell. The song was finally mixed by Manny Marroquin at Larrabee Studios in North Hollywood, along with mixing assistants Chris Galland, Jeff Jackson and Ike Schultz, before being mastered by Chris Gehringer at Sterling Sound, in New York City.[3]
"Love on the Brain" was first announced as a recorded track in 2015, and was to be debuted at the 2015 Brit Awards, however Rihanna allegedly pulled out.[4] In early August 2016, Philadelphia radio personality Mike Adam stated that "Love on the Brain" would be the album's fourth single,[5] later confirmed by Rihanna herself on August 21, 2016.[6][7] It was sent to rhythmic contemporary and urban contemporary radios on September 27,[8][9] impacted contemporary hit radio on October 11, and the hot adult contemporary stations on November 14.[10][11][a]
Composition and lyrical interpretation[edit]
According to some reviewers, Rihanna channels Amy Winehouse (pictured) on the track.[12][13][14]
"Love on the Brain" is a mid-tempo '50s and '60s inspired doo-wop and soul ballad,[13][15][16][17][18] with a "rock edge".[17] Its instrumentation consists of a "guitar arpeggio," "swirling organ", a "simple chord progression",[12] syncopated strings,[17] and "a wave of an orchestra".[19] Written in the key of G major, it has a tempo of 57 beats per minute in compound quadruple (12
8) time. The song follows a chord progression of G–Am–Em–D, and Rihanna's vocals span from D3 to G5.[20]
Rihanna's vocals were noted as being acrobatic ranging from her "trademark snarl", to high notes,[16] complemented by all-tenor backing vocals.[19] Forrest Wickman of Slate magazine commented that the song "seems designed as a showcase for Rihanna’s vocal versatility: She starts out singing high and sweet, then drops into her chest to show off the lower part of her range and finally gets into powerful belting. She even does a few seconds of what sounds like Frankie Valli's falsetto."[21] Jordan Bassett of NME compared her high notes to those of Mariah Carey,[16] while Vibe magazine and USA Today noted similarities with the work of Beyoncé and Erykah Badu.[19][22][22] Amy Winehouse, Etta James and Sam Cooke were also perceived as influences by critics,[13][12] with Michigan Daily's Christian Kennedy citing Winehouse's song "Wake Up Alone" as the song that Rihanna had borrowed from "stylistically."[14]
"Love on the Brain" has dark lyrics that depict a destructive, yet addictive relationship,[19] with themes of "swinging back and forth between the highs and lows of love".[21] Some critics believed the song was an "ode to a violent lover", possibly referring to Chris Brown after the pair's highly published domestic violence case. Lyrical examples include "It beats me black and blue but it fucks me so good / That I can't get enough / Must be love on the brain."[16][16][22] Adam R. Holz of the conservative organization Focus on the Family's website PluggedIn.com noted the song "mingles nihilism, lust and at least the metaphorical presence of physical abuse".[23] Jessica Eggert of Mic agreed, noting that "Rihanna wears her heart right on her sleeve and takes no prisoners in expressing the pain of a metaphorically and physically damaging-yet-undying love."[24]
Critical reception[edit]
Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic picked it as a highlight from the album, noting that Rihanna's "voice is hoarse and ravaged, yet she's also controlled and precise, knowing how to hone these imperfections so her performance echoes classic soul while feeling fresh".[25] Julianne Escobedo Shepherd of Billboard deemed it "a doo-wop powerhouse sung in a Prince-adjacent falsetto — and is proof Rihanna’s been working with some primo vocal coaches".[26] Idolator's Bianca Gracie also complimented her vocals, writing that the "rough-edged, soulful ballad finds Rih at her vocal best".[13] Patrick Ryan of USA Today called the song an "easy highlight," noting the "cozy doo-wop nostalgia".[22] Emily Mackay of NME noted the doo-wop groove, deeming Rihanna's vocals a "powerhouse vocal performance".[27] Jordan Bassett of the same publication called it "totally brilliant, with the singer showcasing the kind of vocals we’ve not heard from her before".[16] Safy-Hallan Farah of Spin wrote favorably of her singing, while James Grabay of the same magazine named it an "effortlessly time-traveling track".[18]
Chris Gerard of PopMatters noted the song was "one of the more interesting tracks on the album", addressing her "Macy Gray-like drawl during the verses".[28] Corbin Reiff of The A.V. Club highlighted the track's "deep soulful tones" and felt her voice was "the undeniable focal point" of it.[29] Nolan Feeney of Time declared that "Love on the Brain" and "Higher" "offer the most stirring vocal performances of her career".[30] Jessica McKinney of Vibe agreed, calling the song a "soulful performance that showcases her own range".[19] Neil McCormick of The Daily Telegraph wrote that "Love on the Brain" is a "standard, mid-tempo retro soul anthem" that "in the context of Anti,...sounds like a work of pop genius".[12] Calling it "hypnotic," Eric Renner Brown of Entertainment Weekly remarked that "she delivers some of her finest vocal moments yet".[31] Sarah Rodman of The Boston Globe picked it as "essential", stating: "As she implores 'Don't you stop loving me,' her performance has a grit, sweat, and weariness to it that's unusual and humanizing."[32]
Da'Shan Smith of Billboard stated "Love on the Brain" became the most subtly influential Pop single of 2017, as the music industry experienced "a prominent surge of retro-harkening balladry, across different musical genres", following the success of this song on Pop radio; which he described as "a rare find today, because traditional R&B’s presence on the format is an oddity." [33]"Love On The Brain" received a nomination for Choice Music: Pop Song at the 2017 Teen Choice Awards.[34] Marilyn Manson cited Anti as an influence on his band's album Heaven Upside Down, saying "Strangely enough, one of the records that influenced this album strongly, and it can’t be taken literally, is Rihanna, her last record. That one song, ‘Love on the Brain’, it really hit me because I saw her perform it and she just… meant it."[35]
Chart performance[edit]
With "Love on the Brain", Rihanna became the second female artist with most top-ten singles on the Billboard Hot 100 chart history, only behind Madonna (pictured).
Following Rihanna's performance at the 2016 Billboard Music Awards, "Love on the Brain" debuted on the US Billboard Hot 100 at number 83,[36] marking Rihanna's 55th entry on the chart. After being released as a single in November 2016, the song re-entered the Hot 100 at number 80.[37] In its sixth week on the chart, the song rose to number 34, becoming Rihanna's third top-forty hit from Anti, as well as her 46th top-forty entry on the Hot 100, placing her at number three on the list of women with most top-forty hits.[38] Two weeks later, "Love on the Brain" reached number 20, becoming the third top-twenty single from Anti, and Rihanna's forty-second top-twenty hit.[39] In its eighteenth week, "Love on the Brain" climbed from number 13 to number eight and became her thirtieth top-ten single. With doing that, she broke a tie for third place with Michael Jackson, with whom, both had 29 top-ten singles. Rihanna became the artist with the third most top-ten singles in Hot 100 history, only behind Madonna (with 38), and The Beatles (with 34).[40] It was also "the second-fastest accumulation of 30 Hot 100 top 10s", according to Billboard's Gary Trust.[41] In the issue dated March 25, 2017, the song climbed to number 5, becoming Rihanna's 22nd top five hit, leading her to break a tie for fifth place with Elvis Presley (who has 21 top-five hits).[42]
In November 2016, "Love on the Brain" entered the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart at number 30. In the same week, the song was the most added track on contemporary hit radio, causing it to rise to number 24 on the Billboard Pop Songs chart;[43] to date it has reached number 6 on both charts.[44][45] In the week ending January 22, 2017, the song became her 28th top 10 single on Radio Songs, extending her record for the most top-ten singles on the chart.[46] The song also became her twenty-eighth number-one on the US Dance Club Songs chart in the issue dated January 21, 2017; she remains in second place behind record holder Madonna, who has achieved forty-six.[47]
In Canada, the song debuted on the Canadian Hot 100 at number 14 after being released as a single. In the week of December 3, 2016, it cracked the top-forty, climbing to number 38.[48] In New Zealand, "Love on the Brain" debuted at number 40 on the release of Anti. It reached number 15 over the following weeks, becoming Rihanna's thirty-second solo top-twenty single.[49] Similarly, in France, "Love on the Brain" charted after Anti's release at number 71. After its release, it re-entered at number 138.[50] After weeks outside the top 100, the song reached a new peak of number 69 in the week of January 13, 2017.[50] Three weeks later, the song managed to crack the top twenty, reaching number 12. It became Anti's second top twenty hit.[51] In Austria, the song debuted at number 53 and has peaked at number 7,[52] while in Germany it debuted at number 100, and has reached a peak of number 21 to date, becoming the album's second highest charting single.[53] In Poland, "Love on the Brain" peaked at number one for four non-consecutive weeks in 2016.[54]
Live performances[edit]
Rihanna included "Love on the Brain" in the encore of her Anti World Tour.[55] After attending the show at Wembley Stadium, Lewis Corner of Digital Spy called the performance "a triumph, as Rihanna's tone on the Motown sway is pure joy".[56] Michael Cragg of The Guardian claimed that the performance was "delivered with such conviction it feels like you’re watching a different artist".[57] On May 22, 2016, Rihanna performed the song at the 2016 Billboard Music Awards, with Billboard describing it as a "standout" of the event.[58] Sarah Grant of Rolling Stone called it a "gut-wrenching solo performance," comparing her stage persona to that of Whitney Houston, due to the "storm of tour-de-force vocals".[59]
On August 28, 2016, Rihanna received the Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award at the 2016 MTV Video Music Awards. In honour, she performed a medley consisting of "Stay", "Diamonds" and "Love on the Brain".[60] Christopher Rosa of Glamour called the performance "breath-taking",[61] whilst Billboard noted: "Her vocals, which are sometimes under-appreciated by critics and even fans, were gorgeous and impressive, reminding everyone that beyond the chart-toppers and DGAF behavior, there's an astonishing voice that propelled her to where she is now".[62]
Other uses and covers[edit]
On May 19, 2016, "Love on the Brain" was featured on the season 12 finale of long-running ABC medical drama Grey's Anatomy. It charted at the top of the Top TV Songs Chart, powered by 40,000 Shazam tags. Furthermore, according to Nielsen Music, 45,000 downloads and 8.1 million US streams were made in the same month.[63] American singer Kelly Clarkson performed the song during a Facebook live session on August 26, 2016.[64] Danish singer MØ covered "Love on the Brain" on the BBC Radio 1Xtra website's Live Lounge.[65] British girl band Little Mix covered the song on iHeartRadio's Honda Stage.[66] The Voice contestant Hannah Mrozak also covered the song during the knockouts.
Formats and track listings[edit]
CD single[67]
"Love on the Brain" – 3:44
"Love on the Brain" (Don Diablo Remix) – 3:28
Digital download – Dance Remixes[68]
"Love on the Brain" (Don Diablo Remix) – 3:28
"Love on the Brain" (Gigamesh Remix) – 3:43
"Love on the Brain" (John-Blake Remix) – 3:31
"Love on the Brain" (RY X Remix) – 3:37
Credits and personnel[edit]
Credits adapted from Rihanna's official website.[3]
Locations
Recorded at Westlake Studios in Los Angeles, California
Mixed at Larrabee Studios in Universal City, California
Mastering at Sterling Sound Studios in New York City, New York
Personnel
Rihanna – vocals, writing
Fred Ball – writing, production, keyboards, drums
Joseph Angel – writing, keyboards, drums, arrangement
Jarle Bernhoft – guitar, bass
Marcos Tovar – vocal recording
Kuk Harrell – vocal recording, vocal production
Manny Marroquin – mixing
Chris Galland – mixing assistant
Jeff Jackson – mixing assistant
Ike Schultz – mixing assistant
Chris Gehringer – mastering
Charts[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (2016–17)
Peak
position
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[52]
7
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[69]
33
Belgium (Ultratop Flanders Urban)[69]
8
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia)[70]
16
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[71]
22
Canada AC (Billboard)[72]
11
Canada CHR/Top 40 (Billboard)[73]
13
Canada Hot AC (Billboard)[74]
12
Czech Republic (Singles Digitál Top 100)[75]
80
France (SNEP)[51]
12
Germany (Official German Charts)[53]
21
Greece (IFPI)[76]
16
Greece (Foreign Airplay Chart) (IFPI)[77]
5
Hungary (Rádiós Top 40)[78]
23
Hungary (Single Top 40)[79]
34
Iceland (RÚV)[80]
2
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[49]
15
Poland (Polish Airplay Top 100) [81]
1
Portugal (AFP)[82]
32
Scotland (Official Charts Company)[83]
59
Slovakia (Rádio Top 100)[84]
5
Slovakia (Singles Digitál Top 100)[85]
19
Slovenia (SloTop50)[86]
25
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[87]
24
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[88]
96
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[89]
26
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[90]
175
UK R&B (Official Charts Company)[91]
28
US Billboard Hot 100[92]
5
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[93]
9
US Adult Top 40 (Billboard)[94]
7
US Dance Club Songs (Billboard)[95]
1
US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard)[44]
3
US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)[45]
3
US Rhythmic (Billboard)[96]
4
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (2016)
Position
Poland (ZPAV)[97]
42
US Hot R&B Songs (Billboard)[98]
32
Chart (2017)
Position
Argentina (Monitor Latino)[99]
63
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[100]
66
Belgium (Ultratop Wallonia)[101]
70
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[102]
73
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[103]
76
US Billboard Hot 100[104]
33
US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)[105]
14
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[106]
20
US Adult Top 40 (Billboard)[107]
27
US Hot R&B Songs (Billboard)[108]
7
US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard)[109]
21
US Rhythmic (Billboard)[110]
20
US Hot Dance Club Songs (Billboard)[111]
3
Certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
Belgium (BEA)[112]
Gold 15,000*
Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[113]
Platinum 40,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[114]
Platinum 80,000^
Denmark (IFPI Denmark)[115]
Gold 30,000^
France (SNEP)[116]
Platinum 150,000*
Italy (FIMI)[117]
Gold 25,000
New Zealand (RMNZ)[118]
Gold 15,000*
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[119]
Gold 20,000^
Sweden (GLF)[120]
Gold 20,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[121]
Silver 200,000
United States (RIAA)[122]
2× Platinum 2,000,000
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
sales+streaming figures based on certification alone
Release history[edit]
Region
Date
Format
Label
Ref.
United States
September 27, 2016 Rhythmic contemporary
Roc Nation
Def Jam
[8]
Urban contemporary [9]
October 11, 2016 Contemporary hit radio [10]
November 14, 2016[a] Hot adult contemporary [11]
Germany
January 20, 2017 CD single
Def Jam
Universal Music
[67]
See also[edit]
List of number-one singles of 2016 (Poland)
List of number-one dance singles of 2017 (U.S.)
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Love on the Brain" was originally scheduled to be released to hot adult contemporary radios on October 10, 2016, but it was postponed to November 14.[11]
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Jump up ^ Drysdale, Jennifer (August 26, 2016). "Kelly Clarkson Completely Slays Rihanna's 'Love on the Brain'". ET Online. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "BBC iPlayer – Live Lounge – MØ". BBC. November 17, 2016. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ Jiang, Katherine (March 25, 2017). "Little Mix Cover Rihanna's "Love on the Brain"". Celebmix. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Love On The Brain (2-Track)". Amazon.com, Inc. (DE). Retrieved January 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Listen to Love On The Brain by Rihanna on TIDAL". Tidal. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Ultratop.be – Rihanna – Love on the Brain" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Rihanna – Love on the Brain" (in French). Ultratop 50. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Rihanna Chart History (Canadian Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Rihanna Chart History (Canada AC)". Billboard. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Rihanna Chart History (Canada CHR/Top 40)". Billboard. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Rihanna Chart History (Canada Hot AC)". Billboard. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ "ČNS IFPI" (in Czech). Hitparáda – Digital Top 100 Oficiální. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 201712 into search. Retrieved March 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Greece Top 20 General" (in Greek). IFPI. Archived from the original on May 28, 2017. Retrieved May 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Greece Top 20 International" (in Greek). IFPI. Retrieved May 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Rádiós Top 40 játszási lista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Single (track) Top 40 lista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége. Retrieved March 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Rihanna Chart History". RÚV. Retrieved May 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Listy bestsellerów, wyróżnienia :: Związek Producentów Audio-Video". Polish Airplay Top 100. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Portuguesecharts.com – Rihanna – Love on the Brain". AFP Top 100 Singles. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Official Scottish Singles Sales Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved November 26, 2016.
Jump up ^ "SNS IFPI" (in Slovak). Hitparáda – Radio Top 100 Oficiálna. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 201704 into search. Retrieved January 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ "SNS IFPI" (in Slovak). Hitparáda – Singles Digital Top 100 Oficiálna. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 201711 into search. Retrieved March 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "SloTop50 – Slovenian official singles chart". slotop50.si. Retrieved April 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Spanishcharts.com – Rihanna – Love on the Brain" Canciones Top 50. Retrieved January 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Rihanna – Love on the Brain". Singles Top 100. Retrieved October 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Swisscharts.com – Rihanna – Love on the Brain". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ Chart Log UK: "CHART: CLUK Update 13 February 2016 (wk6)". UK Singles Chart. Zobbel.de. Retrieved October 13, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Official R&B Singles Chart Top 40". Official Charts Company. Retrieved November 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Rihanna Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved March 14, 2017.
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Jump up ^ "Rihanna Chart History (Adult Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
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Jump up ^ "Podsumowanie roku – Airplay 2016" (in Polish). Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry. Retrieved January 23, 2017.
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Jump up ^ http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2017/hot-r-and-and-b-songs
Jump up ^ http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2017/hot-r-and-and-b-hip-hop-songs
Jump up ^ http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2017/rhythmic-songs
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Jump up ^ "Ultratop − Goud en Platina – 2017". Ultratop. Hung Medien. Retrieved May 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ Universal Music Brasil (August 13, 2017). ""Love On The Brain", da @badgalriri, é platina no Brasil!" (in Portuguese). Universal Music Brasil. Retrieved August 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Canadian single certifications – Rihanna – Love On The Brain". Music Canada. Retrieved December 13, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Danish single certifications – Rihanna – Love on the Brain". IFPI Denmark. Retrieved 11 July 2017. Click on næste to go to page if certification from official website
Jump up ^ "French single certifications – Rihanna – Love On The Brain" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Italian single certifications – Rihanna – Love On The Brain" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ "New Zealand single certifications – Rihanna – Love on the Brain". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Spanish single certifications – Rihanna – Love On The Brain" (in Spanish). Productores de Música de España. Retrieved January 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Guld- och Platinacertifikat" (in Swedish). IFPI Sweden. Retrieved October 7, 2017. Type Rihanna in the top right search bar. Click on "Sok" and select Love On The Brain and see certification.
Jump up ^ "British single certifications – Rihanna – Love On The Brain". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved October 6, 2017. Enter Love On The Brain in the search field and then press Enter.
Jump up ^ "American single certifications – Rihanna – Love On The Brain". Recording Industry Association of America. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH
External links[edit]
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
[hide]
v
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e
Rihanna songs
Discography
Music of the Sun
"Pon de Replay"
"If It's Lovin' that You Want"
"You Don't Love Me (No, No, No)"
A Girl like Me
"SOS"
"Unfaithful"
"We Ride"
"Break It Off"
Good Girl Gone Bad
"Umbrella"
"Don't Stop the Music"
"Shut Up and Drive"
"Hate That I Love You"
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Good Girl Gone Bad: Reloaded
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"Take a Bow"
"If I Never See Your Face Again"
Rated R
"Wait Your Turn"
"Hard"
"Stupid in Love"
"Rockstar 101"
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"Rude Boy"
"Te Amo"
"Cold Case Love"
Loud
"S&M"
"What's My Name?"
"Cheers (Drink to That)"
"Fading"
"Only Girl (In the World)"
"California King Bed"
"Man Down"
"Raining Men"
"Complicated"
"Skin"
"Love the Way You Lie (Part II)"
Talk That Talk
"You da One"
"Where Have You Been"
"We Found Love"
"Talk That Talk"
"Cockiness (Love It)"
"Birthday Cake"
"Drunk on Love"
"Roc Me Out"
"Watch n' Learn"
"Farewell"
"Do Ya Thang"
"Fool in Love"
Unapologetic
"Phresh Out the Runway"
"Diamonds"
"Numb"
"Pour It Up"
"Loveeeeeee Song"
"Jump"
"Right Now"
"What Now"
"Stay"
"Nobody's Business"
"Love Without Tragedy / Mother Mary"
"No Love Allowed"
"Half of Me"
Home
"Towards the Sun"
"Dancing in the Dark"
Anti
"Consideration"
"Kiss It Better"
"Work"
"Desperado"
"Needed Me"
"Love on the Brain"
"Pose"
"Sex with Me"
Collaborations
"All of the Lights"
"Bad (Remix)"
"Can't Remember to Forget You"
"Famous"
"Fly"
"Lemon"
"Live Your Life"
"Love the Way You Lie"
"Loyalty"
"Nothing Is Promised"
"Numba 1 (Tide Is High)"
"Princess of China"
"Roll It"
"Run This Town"
"Selfish"
"Stranded (Haiti Mon Amour)"
"Take Care"
"The Monster"
"This Is What You Came For"
"Too Good"
"Who's That Chick?"
"Wild Thoughts"
Non-album songs
"American Oxygen"
"Bad Girl"
"Birthday Cake (Remix)"
"Bitch Better Have My Money"
"Cockiness (Love It) (Remix)"
"FourFiveSeconds"
"Just Stand Up!"
"Redemption Song"
"S&M (Remix)"
"Sledgehammer"
"Turn Up the Music (Remix)"
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Everyone (Skins series 1)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Everyone"
Skins episode
Episode no.
Series 1
Episode 9
Directed by
Adam Smith
Written by
Bryan Elsley
Original air date
22 March 2007
Guest appearance(s)
Kaya Scodelario as Effy Stonem
Siwan Morris as Angie
Alastair Cumming as Merv
Nish Nathwani as Uncle Muneer
Inder Manocha as Istiak Kharral
Nina Wadia as Bibi Kharral
Episode chronology
← Previous
"Effy" Next →
"Tony and Maxxie"
Skins (series 1)
List of Skins episodes
"Everyone" is the final episode of the first series of the British teen drama Skins. It was written by Bryan Elsley and directed by Adam Smith.[1] It first aired on E4 in the UK on 22 March 2007.[2] It is not told from the point of view of any characters but in a third-person narrative, a first for the show.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Acting
2.1 Main Cast
3 Arc significance and continuity
4 Soundtrack
5 References
6 External links
Plot[edit]
It's Anwar's 17th birthday. He receives a call from his best friend Maxxie, who wishes him a happy birthday. Anwar invites Maxxie to his party. Maxxie declines, however, saying he will only go if Anwar tells his very strict Muslim parents that Maxxie is gay. Anwar declines and begins his day by being told off by his father for missing prayer, and having to put up with his annoying uncle from Sutton Coldfield.
In the meantime, Tony sadly watches his sister Effy head off to her new school, local independent school with fellow pupils such as shallow, unstable Abigail Stock for company. Chris is put-out, too, when his girlfriend (and psychology teacher), Angie's fiancé, an Australian weatherman named Merve, turns up. Chris is furious at Angie for her infidelity, and something strikes him about Merve, but he can't quite put his finger on it.
Sid attempts writing a love letter to Cassie, but gives up and decides instead to go see her at the hospital, leaving the love letter on his desk. Putting on the first clothes he could find, Sid marches to the private psychiatric hospital in mis-matched clothes with odd shoes and socks and tells the nurse he "needs to speak to someone" and that he has "stuff going on", and finds himself detained against his will into a padded cell.
Cassie, meanwhile, writes Sid a letter saying she is moving to Elgin that night and leaves the hospital with her bulimic friend.
Michelle meets Effy and asks her why she doesn't ever speak and why Tony hurt her. Later that day, Chris breaks into Angie's house and is horrified to find countless photos of her and Merve, and an engagement ring. He pockets the ring, and watches a video of Merve doing the Australian weather forecast, assuming from Merve's camp mannerisms that Merve is gay. Angie and Merve show up and Chris apologises for breaking into her house, but taunts Merve about his supposed hidden sexuality.
Anwar's uncle is DJing for the birthday party; unimpressed with the tacky disco music, Anwar complains. His dad initially tells him his uncle should DJ because he has proper ear for music so that Anwar's English friends don't burn the place down, however, once out of earshot of Anwar's mother, he confesses that Anwar's uncle is an "arsehole" and notes grimly that while he's DJing, he can't grope women. Anwar then expects to get the best birthday present ever as a friend of his sisters' shows interest in him. He begins kissing her, but leaves to gossip to Maxxie, who is waiting outside. While begging Maxxie to come inside, Anwar's dad comes outside and the two boys confess to Maxxie being gay. Anwar's dad doesn't seem to mind and invites Maxxie inside regardless.
Tony and Effy rescue Sid from the hospital, bring clothes with them, and they take him to find Cassie, assuming she'll be at Anwar's birthday party. Sid arrives at the party at roughly the same time as Merve, who demands his ring back off Chris. Chris gives the ring to Angie, who gives it back to Merve, turning down his proposal, but also breaking up with Chris. A fight breaks out in the club between the English and the Australians.
Tony finds Cassie outside and gives her Sid's love letter. He then tries to call Michelle, who is crying in the bathroom. Struggling to find a good connection, Tony walks out onto the road and is hit by a bus, directly in front of Effy. Before being hit, he is able to leave a voicemail on Michelle's phone, proclaiming his love for her. Sid leaves the club to find Cassie and meets her by her favourite spot in the city, where she tried to commit suicide.
Acting[edit]
Main Cast[edit]
Nicholas Hoult as Tony Stonem
Joe Dempsie as Chris Miles
Mike Bailey as Sid Jenkins
Hannah Murray as Cassie Ainsworth
April Pearson as Michelle Richardson
Larissa Wilson as Jal Fazer
Dev Patel as Anwar Kharral
Mitch Hewer as Maxxie Oliver
Arc significance and continuity[edit]
Tony is hit by a bus, causing him to regress in the next season
Effy witnesses Tony being hit by a bus
Tony tells Michelle he loves her, which causes her to engage in self-destructive behaviour.
Cassie leaves Bristol to move to Scotland.
Angie leaves Chris, Merv and Bristol.
Maxxie and Anwar reconcile when Anwar tells Istiak that Maxxie is gay.
Soundtrack[edit]
I've Been So Lonely for So Long by Frederick Knight
You Can't Hurry Love by The Concretes
The Owls Go by Architecture in Helsinki
Sky Holds the Sun by The Bees
Or Just Rearrange by Micah P. Hinson
Happy Birthday by Altered Images
Life is Life by Opus
Bat Out of Hell by Meat Loaf
It's All Over by The Broken Family Band
Everything Changes by Take That
I Don't Want to Miss a Thing by Aerosmith
Give a Little Bit by Supertramp
We Built This City by Starship
Final Countdown by Europe
Pow (Forward) by Lethal Bizzle
True Love Ways by Buddy Holly
Wild World by Mike Bailey, Nicholas Hoult, Siwan Morris and Joe Dempsie
References[edit]
Jump up ^ [1] Episode 9 at e4.com
Jump up ^ [2] Skins on imdb.com
External links[edit]
Watch "Everyone" on 4od
Everyone at e4.com/skins
Skins at Internet Movie DataBase
[hide]
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Episodes
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"Michelle"
"Effy"
"Everyone"
Series 2
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Series 3
"Pandora"
"Naomi"
"JJ"
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Series 4
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"Everyone"
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"Franky"
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"Mini"
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"Everyone"
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"Everyone"
"Rich"
"Franky"
"Mini"
"Nick"
"Alo"
"Liv"
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"Finale"
Skins Redux
Skins Fire
Skins Pure
Skins Rise
Characters
First generation
Tony Stonem
Michelle Richardson
Sid Jenkins
Cassie Ainsworth
Chris Miles
Jal Fazer
Maxxie Oliver
Anwar Kharral
Lucy "Sketch"
Second generation
Effy Stonem
Pandora Moon
Thomas Tomone
James Cook
Freddie McClair
JJ Jones
Naomi Campbell
Katie Fitch
Emily Fitch
Third generation
Franky Fitzgerald
Alo Creevey
Rich Hardbeck
Mini McGuinness
Liv Malone
Grace Blood
Nick Levan
Matty Levan
Alex Henley
See also
Recurring characters
North American version
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Indian epic poetry
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Indian epic poetry is the epic poetry written in the Indian subcontinent, traditionally called Kavya (or Kāvya; Sanskrit: काव्य, IAST: kāvyá). The Ramayana and the Mahabharata, which were originally composed in Sanskrit and later translated into many other Indian languages, and The Five Great Epics of Tamil Literature and Sangam literature are some of the oldest surviving epic poems ever written.[1]
Contents
1 Sanskrit epics
2 Kannada epic poetry
3 Tamil epics
4 Hindi epics
5 Notes
6 References
Sanskrit epics[edit]
The ancient Sanskrit epics the Ramayana and Mahabharata comprise together the Itihāsa ("History") or Mahākāvya ("Great Compositions"), a canon of Hindu scripture. Indeed, the epic form prevailed and verse remained until very recently the preferred form of Hindu literary works. Hero-worship is a central aspect of Indian culture, and thus readily lent itself to a literary tradition that abounded in epic poetry and literature. The Puranas, a massive collection of verse-form histories of India's many Hindu gods and goddesses, followed in this tradition. Itihāsas and Purāṇas are mentioned in the Atharva Veda[2] and referred to as the fourth Veda.[3]
The language of these texts, termed Epic Sanskrit, constitutes the earliest phase of Classical Sanskrit, following the latest stage of Vedic Sanskrit found in the Shrauta Sutras.
The Buddhist kavi Aśvaghoṣa wrote two epics and one drama. He lived in the 1st-2nd century. He wrote a biography of the Buddha, titled Buddhacarita. His second epic is called Saundarananda and tells the story of the conversion of Nanda, the younger brother of the Buddha. The play he wrote is called Śariputraprakaraṇa, but of this play only a few fragments remained.
The famous poet and playwright Kālidāsa also wrote two epics: Raghuvamsha (The Dynasty of Raghu) and Kumarasambhava (The Birth of Kumar Kartikeya). Other Classical Sanskrit epics are the “Slaying of Śiśupāla” Śiśupālavadha of Māgha, “Arjuna and the Mountain Man” Kirātārjunīya of Bhāravi, the “Adventures of the Prince of Nishadha” Naiṣadhacarita of Śrīharṣa and "Bhaṭṭi's Poem" Bhaṭṭikāvya of Bhaṭṭi.
Kannada epic poetry[edit]
Main article: Kannada literature
Kannada epic poetry mainly consists of Jain religious literature and Lingayat literature. Asaga wrote Vardhaman Charitra, an epic which runs in 18 cantos, in 853 CE,[4] the first Sanskrit biography of the 24th and last tirthankara of Jainism, Mahavira, though his Kannada language version of Kalidasa's epic poem, Kumārasambhava, Karnataka Kumarasambhava Kavya is lost.[5] The most famous poet from this period is Pampa (902-975 CE), one of the most famous writers in the Kannada language. His Vikramarjuna Vijaya (also called the Pampabharatha) is hailed as a classic even to this day. With this and his other important work Ādi purāṇa he set a trend of poetic excellence for the Kannada poets of the future. The former work is an adaptation of the celebrated Mahabharata, and is the first such adaptation in Kannada. Noted for the strong human bent and the dignified style in his writing, Pampa has been one of the most influential writers in Kannada. He is identified as Adikavi "first poet". It is only in Kannada that we have a Ramayana and a Mahabharata based on the Jain tradition in addition to those based on Brahmanical tradition.
Shivakotiacharya was the first writer in prose style. His work Vaddaradhane is dated to 900 CE. Sri Ponna (939-966 CE) is also an important writer from the same period, with Shanti Purana as his magnum opus. Another major writer of the period is Ranna (949-? CE). His most famous works are the Jain religious work Ajita Tirthankara Purana and the Gada Yuddha, a birds' eye view of the Mahabharata set in the last day of the battle of Kurukshetra and relating the story of the Mahabharata through a series of flashbacks. Structurally, the poetry in this period is in the Champu style, essentially poetry interspersed with lyrical prose.
The Siribhoovalaya is a unique work of multilingual Kannada literature written by Kumudendu Muni, a Jain monk. The work is unique in that it does not employ letters, but is composed entirely in Kannada numerals.[6] The Saangathya metre of Kannada poetry is employed in the work. It uses numerals 1 through 64 and employs various patterns or bandhas in a frame of 729 (27×27) squares to represent letters in nearly 18 scripts and over 700 languages.[7] Some of the patterns used include the Chakrabandha, Hamsabandha, Varapadmabandha, Sagarabandha, Sarasabandha, Kruanchabandha, Mayurabandha, Ramapadabandha, Nakhabandha, etc. As each of these patterns are identified and decoded, the contents can be read. The work is said to have around 600,000 verses, nearly six times as big as the ancient Indian epic Mahabharata.
The Prabhulingaleele, Basava purana, Channabasavapurana and Basavarajavijaya are a few of the Lingayat epics.
Tamil epics[edit]
Main article: The Five Great Epics of Tamil Literature
The post-sangam period (2nd century-6th century) saw many great Tamil epics being written, including Cilappatikaram (or Silappadhikaram), Manimegalai, Civaka Cintamani, Valayapathi and Kundalakesi. Later, during the Chola period, Kamban (12th century) wrote what is considered one of the greatest Tamil epics — the Kamba Ramayanam of Kamban, based on the Valmiki Ramayana. The Thiruthondat Puranam (or Periya Puranam) of Chekkizhar is the great Tamil epic of the Shaiva Bhakti saints and is part of the religious scripture of Tamil Nadu's majority Shaivites.
Out of the five, Manimegalai and Kundalakesi are Buddhist religious works, Civaka Cintamani and Valayapathi are Tamil Jain works and Silappatikaram has a neutral religious view. They were written over a period of 1st century CE to 10th century CE and act as the historical evidence of social, religious, cultural and academic life of people during the era they were created. Civaka Cintamani introduced long verses called virutha pa in Tamil literature.,[8] while Silappatikaram used akaval meter (monologue), a style adopted from Sangam literature.
Tamil epics such as Silappathikaram and Periya Puranam are unique in Indian literature as they employ characters and stories associated with the people and language of the poets (Tamil) and take place within the Tamil country. This is in contrast to other Indian languages which are based on Sanskrit works and deal with Sanskrit mythology based on North Indian works.
Hindi epics[edit]
The first epic to appear in Hindi was Tulsidas' (1543–1623) Ramacharitamanas, also based on the Ramayana. It is considered a great classic of Hindi epic poetry and literature, and shows the author Tulsidas in complete command over all the important styles of composition — narrative, epic, lyrical and dialectic. He has given a divine character to Rama, the Hindu Avatar of Vishnu, portraying him as an ideal son, husband, brother and king.
In modern Hindi literature, Kamayani by Jaishankar Prasad has attained the status of an epic. The narrative of Kamayani is based on a popular mythological story, first mentioned in Satapatha Brahmana. It is a story of the great flood and the central characters of the epic poem are Manu (a male) and Shraddha (a female). Manu is representative of the human psyche and Shradha represents love. Another female character is Ida, who represents rationality. Some critics surmise that the three lead characters of Kamayani symbolize a synthesis of knowledge, action and desires in human life.
Apart from Kamayani; Kurukshetra (Epic Poetry) (1946), Rashmirathi (1952) and Urvashi (1961) by Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar' have attained the status of epic poetry.
Likewise Lalita Ke Aansoo[9] by Krant M. L. Verma (1978)[10] narrates the tragic story about the death of Lal Bahadur Shastri through his wife Lalita Shastri.[11]
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: devraj to jyoti - Amaresh Datta - Google Books. Books.google.ca. Retrieved 2012-05-10.
Jump up ^ Atharva Veda 11.7.24, 15.6.4
Jump up ^ Chāndogya Upaniṣad 7.1.2,4
Jump up ^ Jain, Kailash Chand (1991). Lord Mahāvīra and his times, Lala S. L. Jain Research Series. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 25. ISBN 81-208-0805-3.
Jump up ^ Jain, Kailash Chand (1991). Lord Mahāvīra and his times, Lala S. L. Jain Research Series. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 59. ISBN 81-208-0805-3.
Jump up ^ "Introduction to Siribhoovalaya, from Deccan Herald". Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 7 March 2007.
Jump up ^ "Usage of Saangathya and frame of 729, from The Hindu newspaper". Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 7 March 2007.
Jump up ^ Datta 2004, p. 720
Jump up ^ *Book:Lalita Ke Ansoo on worldcat
Jump up ^ Hindustan (Hindi daily) New Delhi 12 January 1978 (ललिता के आँसू का विमोचन)
Jump up ^ Panchjanya (newspaper) A literary review 24 February 1980
References[edit]
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1900). "The epics". A History of Sanskrit Literature. New York: D. Appleton and company.
Oliver Fallon (2009). "Introduction". Bhatti’s Poem: The Death of Rávana (Bhaṭṭikāvya). New York: New York University Press, Clay Sanskrit Library.
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values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

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u

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values: شعر ملاحم هندية – Arabic

values: 인도 서사시 – Korean

values: भारतीय महाकाव्य – Hindi

values: ಭಾರತೀಯ ಮಹಾಕಾವ್ಯ – Kannada

values: ਭਾਰਤੀ ਮਹਾਂਕਾਵਿ – Punjabi

values: ఇతిహాసములు – Telugu

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Indian_epic_poetry rootpage-Indian_epic_poetry skin-vector action-view