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Alice Eve
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Alice Eve
Alice Eve at the Men in Black 3 premiere in 2012
Born
Alice Sophia Eve
(1982-02-06) 6 February 1982 (age 36)
London, England
Alma mater
University of Oxford
Occupation
Actress
Years active
2004–present
Spouse(s)
Alex Cowper-Smith
(m. 2014; div. 2017)
Parent(s)
Trevor Eve
Sharon Maughan
Alice Sophia Eve (born 6 February 1982) is a British actress. She is known for her role as Dr. Carol Marcus in Star Trek Into Darkness.
Contents
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Personal life
4 Filmography
4.1 Film
4.2 Television
5 References
6 External links
Early life[edit]
Eve was born in London, the daughter of actors Trevor Eve and Sharon Maughan.[1] She is of English, Irish and Welsh descent.[2][3] She went to Bedales School,[1] and More House School, and then took her A-levels at Westminster School in London.
During her gap year, she studied at the Beverly Hills Playhouse and then read English at St Catherine's College, Oxford. While at Oxford, she appeared in student productions of The Importance of Being Earnest, Animal Crackers (which toured to the Edinburgh Festival Fringe) and Scenes from an Execution.[1]
In an interview with Conan O'Brien, she stated that she used to get into a lot of trouble in school, but was motivated to work harder after a maths teacher said that she should leave if she did not start taking her schoolwork more seriously.[4]
Career[edit]
Eve at the Hollywood Style Awards in November 2011
Eve has appeared in television dramas such as the BBC's The Rotters' Club, Agatha Christie's Poirot and Hawking[5] and starred in the drama film Stage Beauty (2004).
In 2006, she starred in two comedy films: Starter for 10[1] and Big Nothing (in which she and co-star Simon Pegg put on American accents).[6] She spent the early part of 2006 in India working on the drama miniseries Losing Gemma about backpackers.[7]
On the stage, Eve has appeared in two plays directed by Trevor Nunn. In 2006, she played young Esme/Alice in the new Tom Stoppard play Rock 'n' Roll, at the Royal Court Theatre,[8] later reprising her role for the 2007 Broadway transfer. For this performance, she was nominated for the best supporting actress award at the Whatsonstage.com Theatregoers' Choice Awards.[9]
In 2009, she played Roxane in a production of Cyrano de Bergerac at the Chichester Festival Theatre.[10]
In 2010, Eve played the female lead role in the American romantic comedy She's Out of My League, in which her parents play the roles of her character's parents. She also played the role of Erin, Charlotte's Irish nanny, in Sex and the City 2.[11]
During 2011, Eve had a recurring guest role in season 8 of the HBO series Entourage, as Sophia, a journalist and love interest to Vincent Chase.[12] 2011 Eve also portrayed Hollywood actress Lara Tyler in the romantic comedy The Decoy Bride. Eve is also known for her role of Dr. Carol Marcus in Star Trek Into Darkness.[13]
In 2012, she played the younger 1969 version of Agent O in the sci-fi comedy Men in Black 3, the older version being played by Emma Thompson.
Eve took part in the opening session of the 2013 Consumer Electronics Show.[14] She appeared in Paul McCartney's music video "Queenie Eye" (2013);[15] and in Rixton's music video "Hotel Ceiling" (2015).
In 2013, she co-starred in the romantic drama Before We Go with Chris Evans, who also directed the film.[16] She played herself in the Hollywood film Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb (2014) and has since starred in several productions, including the action thriller Criminal (2016).
In 2016, she appeared in "Nosedive", an episode of the anthology series Black Mirror.[17] In December 2017, Eve joined Netflix's Iron Fist as Typhoid Mary.[18]
Personal life[edit]
Eve was in a long-term relationship with poet Adam O'Riordan, whom she met while reading English at Oxford.[19][20] The pair broke up in 2012.[19][20][21] On 14 August 2014, Eve announced her engagement to her "high school sweetheart", financier Alex Cowper-Smith.[20][21] The pair met while attending Westminster School in London.[20] They married on 31 December 2014.[22][23] The couple divorced in 2017.[24]
Eve has heterochromia, a condition that causes her eyes to have irises of different colours. In Eve's case, her left eye is blue and her right eye is green.[25][26]
Eve currently lives between London and Los Angeles.[27]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2004 Stage Beauty Miss Frayne
2006 Starter for 10 Alice Harbinson
2006 Big Nothing Josie
2007 The Amazing Trousers Colette Short film
2009 Crossing Over Claire Sheperd
2010 She's Out of My League Molly
2010 Sex and the City 2 Erin
2011 The Decoy Bride Lara Tyler
2012 ATM Emily Brandt Direct-to-VOD
2012 The Raven Emily Hamilton
2012 Men in Black 3 Young Agent O
2012 Please, Alfonso Annabelle Short film
2012 Decoding Annie Parker Louise
2013 Some Velvet Morning Velvet
2013 Star Trek Into Darkness Dr. Carol Marcus
2013 Cold Comes the Night Chloe
2014 Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb Guinevere/herself
2014 Before We Go Brooke Dalton
2014 Death of a Farmer Producer
2015 Dirty Weekend Natalie Hamilton
2015 Lithgow Saint Amelia Adams Short film
2016 Criminal Marta Lynch
2016 Misconduct Charlotte Direct-to-VOD
2017 Bees Make Honey Honey
2017 Please Stand By Audrey
2018 The Stolen Charlotte Lockton Direct-to-VOD
2018 Untogether Irene
2018 The Con Is On Jackie Direct-to-VOD
2018 Replicas Mona Foster
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2004 Hawking Martha Guthrie TV movie
2005 The Rotters' Club Cicely Boyd TV series
2005 Beethoven Countess Giulietta Guicciardi Episode: "The Rebel"
2005 Agatha Christie's Poirot Lenox Tamplin Episode: "The Mystery of the Blue Train"
2006 Losing Gemma Esther TV movie
2011 Entourage Sophia 4 episodes
2016 Black Mirror Naomi Episode: "Nosedive"
2018 Ordeal by Innocence Gwenda Vaughan TV miniseries
2018 Robot Chicken Jane Porter / Alexis Episode: "Jew No. 1 Opens a Treasure Chest"
2018—present Iron Fist Mary Walker / Typhoid Mary Main cast (Season 2)
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d Stern, Marlow (18 May 2013). "Alice Eve, the Beautiful New Trekkie, Talks 'Star Trek Into Darkness'". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 18 May 2013.
Jump up ^ "Framed: Trevor Eve plays Quentin Lester". BBC. 13 August 2009. Archived from the original on 28 October 2010. Retrieved 13 October 2010.
Jump up ^ Feinstein, Sharon (10 December 2010). "Interview Sharon Maughan: We were so poor I never went by car, now I've got my own; Mercedes". Sunday Mirror. Retrieved 13 October 2010.
Jump up ^ "Alice Eve was a naughty schoolgirl". TeamCoco. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
Jump up ^ "BBC Two: Hawking". BBC. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
Jump up ^ Bradshaw, Peter (1 December 2006). "Big Nothing (review)". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 2 December 2006.
Jump up ^ "Losing Gemma". jonasarmstrong.net. Retrieved 2012-05-16.
Jump up ^ Shenton, Mar (2 December 2006). "Alice Eve". Theatre.com. Archived from the original on 30 November 2006. Retrieved 2 December 2006.
Jump up ^ "WhatsOnStage.com Awards 2007 results". WhatsOnStage.com. Retrieved 2012-05-16.
Jump up ^ "Chichester Festival Theatre : What's On :". Cft.org.uk. Retrieved 22 April 2010.
Jump up ^ "I Got Cast in 'Sex and the City 2' – MSN Movies News". Movies.msn.com. 24 September 2009. Retrieved 22 April 2010.
Jump up ^ "'Entourage': Keep your ex's stepmother close..." CNN. 22 August 2011. Retrieved 8 September 2011.
Jump up ^ "Alice Eve's Star Trek Into Darkness Role Revealed". Cimema Blend. 11 December 2012. Retrieved 14 December 2012.
Jump up ^ "Qualcomm's insane CES 2013 keynote in pictures and tweets". 8 January 2013. Retrieved 30 July 2013.
Jump up ^ "Search Twitter - Alice eve". Mobile.twitter.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
Jump up ^ McNary, Dave. "Alice Eve Boards Chris Evans' '1:30 Train'". Variety. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
Jump up ^ "'Black Mirror' Season 3 Trailer: "No One Is This Happy'". Deadline. 7 October 2016. Retrieved 7 October 2016.
Jump up ^ https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/iron-fist-season-2-alice-eve-netflix-1202631184/
^ Jump up to: a b "Who's That Girl? Meet "Entourage" Actress Alice Eve". Complex. 5 September 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Star Trek Into Darkness' Alice Eve Is Engaged". TV Guide. 14 August 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Alice Eve Is Engaged – to Her High School Sweetheart!". People. 14 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Alice Eve marries Alex Cowper-Smith: exclusive wedding photos". Hello!. 12 January 2015. Retrieved 28 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Harrison, Lily (2 January 2015). "Alice Eve Marries Her High School Sweetheart, Alex Cowper-Smith, in London: Reports". E! Online. Retrieved 7 January 2015.
Jump up ^ "GIRL ABOUT NEW YEAR: Heartache as sad Alice starts 2017 with divorce". Mail Online. Retrieved 2018-07-13.
Jump up ^ "This One Has a Wardrobe Malfunction". Conan. Season 2. Episode 95. 23 May 2012. TBS.
Jump up ^ "The Eyes Have It: Celebrities with Heterochromia". Yahoo. Archived from the original on 18 March 2013. Retrieved 30 July 2013.
Jump up ^ "jam.canoe.ca". jam.canoe.ca. 13 March 2009. Retrieved 22 April 2010.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alice Eve.
Alice Eve: The Official Website
Alice Eve on IMDb
Alice Eve at the TCM Movie Database
Alice Eve at AllMovie
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
BNE: XX4614181
BNF: cb15560228w (data)
ISNI: 0000 0001 1655 9528
LCCN: no2010099573
SUDOC: 166478563
VIAF: 61865371
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alice_Eve&oldid=856949603"
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Complementarity (molecular biology)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is related to Molecular Biology. For other uses see complementarity.
For complementation and complementation tests used in genetics research, see Complementation (genetics).
Match up between two DNA bases (guanine and cytosine) showing hydrogen bonds (dashed lines) holding them together
Match up between two DNA bases (adenine and thymine) showing hydrogen bonds (dashed lines) holding them together
In molecular biology, complementarity describes a relationship between two structures each following the lock-and-key principle. In nature complementarity is the base principle of DNA replication and transcription as it is a property shared between two DNA or RNA sequences, such that when they are aligned antiparallel to each other, the nucleotide bases at each position in the sequences will be complementary, much like looking in the mirror and seeing the reverse of things. This complementary base pairing allows cells to copy information from one generation to another and even find and repair damage to the information stored in the sequences. The degree of complementarity between two nucleic acid strands may vary, from complete complementarity (each nucleotide is across from its opposite) to no complementarity (each nucleotide is not across from its opposite) and determines the stability of the sequences to be together. Furthermore, various DNA repair functions as well as regulatory functions are based on base pair complementarity. In biotechnology, the principle of base pair complementarity allows the generation of DNA hybrids between RNA and DNA, and opens the door to modern tools such as cDNA libraries. While most complementarity is seen between two separate strings of DNA or RNA, it is also possible for a sequence to have internal complementarity resulting in the sequence binding to itself in a folded configuration.
Contents
[hide]
1 DNA and RNA base pair complementarity
2 Self-complementarity and hairpin loops
3 Regulatory functions
3.1 Antisense transcripts
3.2 miRNAs and siRNAs
3.3 Kissing hairpins
4 Bioinformatics
4.1 cDNA Library
4.2 Ambiguity codes
4.3 Ambigrams
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
DNA and RNA base pair complementarity[edit]
Complementarity between two antiparallel strands of DNA. The top strand goes from the left to the right and the lower strand goes from the right to the left lining them up.
Left: the nucleotide base pairs that can form in double-stranded DNA. Between A and T there are two hydrogen bonds, while there are three between C and G. Right: two complementary strands of DNA.
Complementarity is achieved by distinct interactions between nucleobases: adenine, thymine (uracil in RNA), guanine and cytosine. Adenine and guanine are purines, while thymine, cytosine and uracil are pyrimidines. Purines are larger than pyrimidines. Both types of molecules complement each other and can only base pair with the opposing type of nucleobase. In nucleic acid, nucleobases are held together by hydrogen bonding, which only works efficiently between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine. The base complement A=T shares two hydrogen bonds, while the base pair G≡C has three hydrogen bonds. All other configurations between nucleobases would hinder double helix formation. DNA strands are oriented in opposite directions, they are said to be antiparallel.[1]
Nucleic Acid Nucleobases Base complement
DNA adenine(A), thymine(T), guanine(G), cytosine(C) A=T, G≡C
RNA adenine(A), uracil(U), guanine(G), cytosine(C) A=U, G≡C
A complementary strand of DNA or RNA may be constructed based on nucleobase complementarity.[2] Each base pair, A=T vs. G≡C, takes up roughly the same space, thereby enabling a twisted DNA double helix formation without any spatial distortions. Hydrogen bonding between the nucleobases also stabilizes the DNA double helix.[3]
Complementarity of DNA strands in a double helix make it possible to use one strand as a template to construct the other. This principle plays an important role in DNA replication, setting the foundation of heredity by explaining how genetic information can be passed down to the next generation. Complementarity is also utilized in DNA transcription, which generates an RNA strand from a DNA template.[4]
DNA repair mechanisms such as proof reading are complementarity based and allow for error correction during DNA replication by removing mismatched nucleobases.[1]
Nucleic acids strands may also form hybrids in which single stranded DNA may readily anneal with complementary DNA or RNA. This principle is the basis of commonly performed laboratory techniques such as the polymerase chain reaction, PCR.[1]
Two strands of complementary sequence are referred to as sense and anti-sense. The sense strand is, generally, the transcribed sequence of DNA or the RNA that was generated in transcription. While the anti-sense strand is the strand that is complementary to the sense sequence.
Self-complementarity and hairpin loops[edit]
A sequence of RNA that has internal complementarity which results in it folding into a hairpin
Self-complementarity refers to the fact that a sequence of DNA or RNA may fold back on itself, creating a double-strand like structure. Depending on how close together the parts of the sequence are that are self-complementary, the strand may form hairpin loops, junctions, bulges or internal loops.[1] RNA is more likely to form these kinds of structures due to base pair binding not seen in DNA, such as guanine binding with uracil.[1]
A sequence of RNA showing hairpins (far right and far upper left), and internal loops (lower left structure)
Regulatory functions[edit]
Complementarity can be found between short nucleic acid stretches and a coding region or an transcribed gene, and results in base pairing. These short nucleic acid sequences are commonly found in nature and have regulatory functions such as gene silencing.[1]
Antisense transcripts[edit]
Antisense transcripts are stretches of non coding mRNA that are complementary to the coding sequence.[5] Genome wide studies have shown that RNA antisense transcripts occur commonly within nature. They are generally believed to increase the coding potential of the genetic code and add an overall layer of complexity to gene regulation. So far, it is known that 40% of the human genome is transcribed in both directions, underlining the potential significance of reverse transcription.[6] It has been suggested that complementary regions between sense and antisense transcripts would allow generation of double stranded RNA hybrids, which may play an important role in gene regulation. For example, hypoxia-induced factor 1α mRNA and β-secretase mRNA are transcribed bidirectionally, and it has been shown that the antisense transcript acts as a stabilizer to the sense script.[7]
miRNAs and siRNAs[edit]
Formation and function of miRNAs in a cell
miRNAs, microRNA, are short RNA sequences that are complementary to regions of a transcribed gene and have regulatory functions. Current research indicates that circulating miRNA may be utilized as novel biomarkers, hence show promising evidence to be utilized in disease diagnostics.[8] MiRNAs are formed from longer sequences of RNA that are cut free by a Dicer enzyme from an RNA sequence that is from a regulator gene. These short strands bind to a RISC complex. They match up with sequences in the upstream region of a transcribed gene due to their complementarity to act as a silencer for the gene in three ways. One is by preventing a ribosome from binding and initiating translation. Two is by degrading the mRNA that the complex has bound to. And three is by providing a new double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) sequence that Dicer can act upon to create more miRNA to find and degrade more copies of the gene. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are similar in function to miRNAs; they come from other sources of RNA, but serve a similar purpose to miRNAs.[1] Given their short length, the rules for complementarity means that they can still be very discriminating in their targets of choice. Given that there are four choices for each base in the strand and a 20bp - 22bp length for a mi/siRNA, that leads to more than 7012100000000000000♠1×1012 possible combinations. Given that the human genome is ~3.1 billion bases in length,[9] this means that each miRNA should only find a match once in the entire human genome by accident.
Kissing hairpins[edit]
Kissing hairpins are formed when a single strand of nucleic acid complements with itself creating loops of RNA in the form of a hairpin.[10] When two hairpins come into contact with each other in vivo, the complementary bases of the two strands form up and begin to unwind the hairpins until a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) complex is formed or the complex unwinds back to two separate strands due to mismatches in the hairpins. The secondary structure of the hairpin prior to kissing allows for a stable structure with a relatively fixed change in energy.[11] The purpose of these structures is a balancing of stability of the hairpin loop vs binding strength with a complementary strand. Too strong of an initial binding to a bad location and the strands will not unwind quickly enough. Too weak of an initial binding and the strands won't ever fully form the desired complex. These hairpin structures allow for the exposure of enough bases to provide a strong enough check on the initial binding and a weak enough internal binding to allow the unfolding once a favorable match has been found.[11]
---C G---
   C G                 ---C G---
   U A                    C G
   G C                    U A
   C G                    G C
   A G                    C G
  A   A                   A G
   C U                   A   A
    U                     CUU              ---CCUGCAACUUAGGCAGG---
    A                     GAA              ---GGACGUUGAAUCCGUCC---
   G A                   U   U
  U   U                  U   C
   U C                    G C
   G C                    C G
   C G                    A U
   A U                    G C
   G C                 ---G C---
---G C---
Kissing hairpins meeting up at the top of the loops. The complementarity
of the two heads encourages the hairpin to unfold and straighten out to
become one flat sequence of two strands rather than two hairpins.

Bioinformatics[edit]
Complementarity allows information found in DNA or RNA to be stored in a single strand. The complementing strand can be determined from the template and vice versa as in cDNA libraries. This also allows for analysis, like comparing the sequences of two different species. Shorthands have been developed for writing down sequences when there are mismatches (ambiguity codes) or to speed up how to read the opposite sequence in the complement (ambigrams).
cDNA Library[edit]
A cDNA library is a collection of expressed DNA genes that are seen as a useful reference tool in gene identification and cloning processes. cDNA libraries are constructed from mRNA using RNA-dependent DNA polymerase reverse transcriptase (RT), which transcribes an mRNA template into DNA. Therefore, a cDNA library can only contain inserts that are meant to be transcribed into mRNA. This process relies on the principle of DNA/RNA complementarity. The end product of the libraries is double stranded DNA, which may be inserted into plasmids. Hence, cDNA libraries are a powerful tool in modern research.[1][12]
Ambiguity codes[edit]
When writing sequences for systematic biology it may be necessary to have IUPAC codes that mean "any of the two" or "any of the three". The IUPAC code R (any purine) is complementary to Y (any pyrimidine) and M (amino) to K (keto). W (weak) and S (strong) are usually not swapped[13] but have been swapped in the past by some tools.[14] W and S denote "weak" and "strong", respectively, and indicate a number of the hydrogen bonds that a nucleotide uses to pair with its complementing partner. A partner uses the same number of the bonds to make a complementing pair.[15]
An IUPAC code that specifically excludes one of the three nucleotides can be complementary to an IUPAC code that excludes the complementary nucleotide. For instance, V (A,C or G - "not T") can be complementary to B (C, G or T - "not A").
Symbol[16]
Description
Bases represented
A adenine A 1
C cytosine C
G guanine G
T thymine T
U uracil U
W weak A T 2
S strong C G
M amino A C
K keto G T
R purine A G
Y pyrimidine C T
B not A (B comes after A) C G T 3
D not C (D comes after C) A G T
H not G (H comes after G) A C T
V not T (V comes after T and U) A C G
N or - any base (not a gap) A C G T 4
Ambigrams[edit]
Specific characters may be used to create a suitable (ambigraphic) nucleic acid notation for complementary bases (i.e. guanine = b, cytosine = q, adenine = n, and thymine = u), which makes it is possible to complement entire DNA sequences by simply rotating the text "upside down".[17] For instance, with the previous alphabet, buqn(GTCA) would read as ubnq (TGAC, reverse complement) if turned upside down.
qqubqnnquunbbqnbb
bbnqbuubnnuqqbuqq
Ambigraphic notations readily visualize complementary nucleic acid stretches such as palindromic sequences.[18] This feature is enhanced when utilizing custom fonts or symbols rather than ordinary ASCII or even Unicode characters.[18]
See also[edit]
Base pair
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Watson, James, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Tania A. Baker, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stephen P. Bell, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Alexander Gann, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Michael Levine, University of California, Berkeley, Richard Losik, Harvard University ; with Stephen C. Harrison, Harvard Medical. Molecular biology of the gene (Seventh edition. ed.). Boston: Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-32176243-6.
Jump up ^ Pray, Leslie (2008). "Discovery of DNA structure and function: Watson and Crick". Nature Education. 1 (1): 100. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
Jump up ^ Shankar, A; Jagota, A; Mittal, J (Oct 11, 2012). "DNA base dimers are stabilized by hydrogen-bonding interactions including non-Watson-Crick pairing near graphite surfaces". The Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 116 (40): 12088–94. doi:10.1021/jp304260t. PMID 22967176.
Jump up ^ Hood, L; Galas, D (Jan 23, 2003). "The digital code of DNA". Nature. 421 (6921): 444–8. doi:10.1038/nature01410. PMID 12540920.
Jump up ^ He, Y; Vogelstein, B; Velculescu, VE; Papadopoulos, N; Kinzler, KW (Dec 19, 2008). "The antisense transcriptomes of human cells". Science. 322 (5909): 1855–7. doi:10.1126/science.1163853. PMC 2824178  . PMID 19056939.
Jump up ^ Katayama, S; Tomaru, Y; Kasukawa, T; Waki, K; Nakanishi, M; Nakamura, M; Nishida, H; Yap, CC; Suzuki, M; Kawai, J; Suzuki, H; Carninci, P; Hayashizaki, Y; Wells, C; Frith, M; Ravasi, T; Pang, KC; Hallinan, J; Mattick, J; Hume, DA; Lipovich, L; Batalov, S; Engström, PG; Mizuno, Y; Faghihi, MA; Sandelin, A; Chalk, AM; Mottagui-Tabar, S; Liang, Z; Lenhard, B; Wahlestedt, C; RIKEN Genome Exploration Research Group; Genome Science Group (Genome Network Project Core Group); FANTOM Consortium (Sep 2, 2005). "Antisense transcription in the mammalian transcriptome". Science. 309 (5740): 1564–6. doi:10.1126/science.1112009. PMID 16141073.
Jump up ^ Faghihi, MA; Zhang, M; Huang, J; Modarresi, F; Van der Brug, MP; Nalls, MA; Cookson, MR; St-Laurent G, 3rd; Wahlestedt, C (2010). "Evidence for natural antisense transcript-mediated inhibition of microRNA function". Genome Biology. 11 (5): R56. doi:10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-r56. PMC 2898074  . PMID 20507594.
Jump up ^ Kosaka, N; Yoshioka, Y; Hagiwara, K; Tominaga, N; Katsuda, T; Ochiya, T (Sep 5, 2013). "Trash or Treasure: extracellular microRNAs and cell-to-cell communication". Frontiers in Genetics. 4: 173. doi:10.3389/fgene.2013.00173. PMC 3763217  . PMID 24046777.
Jump up ^ "Ensembl genome browser 73: Homo sapiens - Assembly and Genebuild". Ensembl.org. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
Jump up ^ Marino, JP; Gregorian RS, Jr; Csankovszki, G; Crothers, DM (Jun 9, 1995). "Bent helix formation between RNA hairpins with complementary loops". Science. 268 (5216): 1448–54. doi:10.1126/science.7539549. PMID 7539549.
^ Jump up to: a b Chang, KY; Tinoco I, Jr (May 30, 1997). "The structure of an RNA "kissing" hairpin complex of the HIV TAR hairpin loop and its complement". Journal of Molecular Biology. 269 (1): 52–66. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1997.1021. PMID 9193000.
Jump up ^ Wan, KH; Yu, C; George, RA; Carlson, JW; Hoskins, RA; Svirskas, R; Stapleton, M; Celniker, SE (2006). "High-throughput plasmid cDNA library screening". Nature Protocols. 1 (2): 624–32. doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.90. PMID 17406289.
Jump up ^ Jeremiah Faith (2011), conversion table
Jump up ^ arep.med.harvard.edu A tool page with the note about the applied W-S conversion patch.
Jump up ^ Reverse-complement tool page with documented IUPAC code conversion, source code available.
Jump up ^ Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry (NC-IUB) (1984). "Nomenclature for Incompletely Specified Bases in Nucleic Acid Sequences". Retrieved 2008-02-04.
Jump up ^ Rozak DA (2006). "The practical and pedagogical advantages of an ambigraphic nucleic acid notation". Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids. 25 (7): 807–13. doi:10.1080/15257770600726109. PMID 16898419.
^ Jump up to: a b Rozak, DA; Rozak, AJ (May 2008). "Simplicity, function, and legibility in an enhanced ambigraphic nucleic acid notation". BioTechniques. 44 (6): 811–3. doi:10.2144/000112727. PMID 18476835.
External links[edit]
Reverse complement tool
Reverse Complement App @ DNA.UTAH.EDU
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Pilot (Modern Family)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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"Pilot"
Modern Family episode
Episode no.
Season 1
Episode 1
Directed by
Jason Winer
Written by
Steven Levitan
Christopher Lloyd
Production code
1ARG79
Original air date
September 23, 2009
Guest appearance(s)
Matt Corboy (Josh)
Jenica Bergere (soccer mom)
Reid Ewing (Dylan)
Episode chronology
← Previous
— Next →
"The Bicycle Thief"
List of Modern Family episodes
The pilot episode of the television series Modern Family, written by Steven Levitan and Christopher Lloyd and directed by Jason Winer, premiered on ABC in the United States on September 23, 2009. The pilot introduces viewers to three sets of people who make up a single family. The episode is shot in a mockumentary style, with a cameraman following the characters around their everyday lives and interviewing them at various intervals. It cuts between the experiences of the three separate units before they all come together at the end of the episode. In the episode, Jay's family tries to function despite the age difference between himself and his wife. Claire's family tries to punish their son and watch over her daughter and her new boyfriend. Mitchell tries to hide the fact that he and his partner Cameron have adopted a daughter in Vietnam from his family until Cameron invites Mitchell's family without consulting him (which is revealed to be the other two families). Reviews for the pilot episode compared Modern Family to shows such as Married... with Children (which starred Ed O'Neill), Frasier (which the creators of this show worked on), Malcolm in the Middle and, most strongly, Arrested Development.[1][2] In the United Kingdom, reviewers saw similarities between Modern Family and Outnumbered.[3] The episode has received multiple nominations and has won Episodic Comedy at the Writers Guild of America Awards 2009 and also a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Production
2.1 Conception
2.2 Casting
2.3 Filming
3 Reception
3.1 Ratings
3.2 Reviews
3.3 Awards and nominations
4 References
5 External links
Plot[edit]
The episode begins at the home of Phil (Ty Burrell) and Claire (Julie Bowen) Dunphy and their three children; Haley (Sarah Hyland), Alex (Ariel Winter) and Luke (Nolan Gould). Claire and Phil shout up the stairs to the children. When Haley emerges, Claire tells her that her skirt is too short but Phil allows her to wear it. In side interviews, Phil calls himself a "cool dad" while Claire says that if she can prevent her children from making the same mistakes she did when she was growing up, she has "done our job". Alex comes downstairs to complain that Luke has shot her with the toy gun Phil bought him. Claire forces Phil to follow through on his deal with Luke: if Luke shoots someone, Phil will have to shoot him. Gloria Delgado-Pritchett (Sofía Vergara) and her husband, Jay (Ed O'Neill), are watching Gloria's son Manny (Rico Rodriguez) play soccer. Gloria is overenthusiastic, shouting encouragement to her son and arguing with another parent. Gloria and Jay are then interviewed, where Gloria discusses the differences between their backgrounds; she comes from a small village in Colombia which is "number one for murders", while he comes from the city and owns a big business. Back on the pitch, Manny misses a goal when he spots a beautiful sixteen-year-old girl riding by on a bicycle. Gloria speaks to the father of one of the other players, who assumes that Jay is her dad. The scene shifts to Mitchell (Jesse Tyler Ferguson) and Cameron (Eric Stonestreet), a gay couple, who are on a plane returning from Vietnam having adopted a baby, Lily (Ella Hiller/Jaden Hiller). The other passengers admire Lily, with one man commenting, "You and your wife must be thrilled". When Cameron walks on board and sits down beside Mitchell, an uneasy silence develops. In an interview the characters say that they have been together for five years. Back on the plane, Mitchell threatens to make a speech and does so when a woman says "look at that baby with those cream puffs", which he believes is a reference to him and Cameron. In fact, she is referring to the cream puffs Lily is eating. Cameron apologizes by offering to pay for headsets for all the passengers. Back at the Dunphy residence, Haley has invited Dylan (Reid Ewing), a senior boy from her high school, over. Claire instructs Phil to "scare him", but Phil hurts his back in the process and Dylan is forced to carry Phil to the couch. Haley brings her boyfriend upstairs and grows annoyed when Claire constantly checks on them. Haley goes downstairs to complain to Phil, who is preparing to shoot Luke against his will. Phil though, accidentally shoots Luke, Dylan, and then himself. After the soccer game, Jay is mistaken for a mall walker so he decides to buy some 'hip' new clothes. Meanwhile, Manny reads a poem for the sixteen-year-old and is crushed when she says she has a boyfriend. The last scene is at Mitchell and Cameron's house where Lily is going to be introduced to the rest of the family and is revealed for the first time that all the characters are related. Jay is Mitchell & Claire's father. Before Lily is introduced, Jay, who is unsure if Mitchell and Cameron are ready for fatherhood, suggests that if they are bored, they should get a dog. Cameron enters, holding Lily aloft before the family while "Circle of Life" from The Lion King plays. Eventually, the whole family accepts the adoption and welcomes Lily as part of their family.
Production[edit]
Conception[edit]
While working in the office Lloyd and Levitan were telling stories about their family and they thought that could be a show idea, and started working with the concept of families being observed in a mockumentary style show. They then later decided it would be a show about three families and their experiences.[4] The show was originally called My American Family.[5] Originally, the camera crew would be run by a fictitious Dutch filmmaker named Geert Floortje who had lived with Jay's family as a teenage exchange student and developed a crush on Claire (while Mitchell had a crush on him), but decided against it.[6] The creators pitched it to three of the four major networks (they did not pitch it to Fox due to problems Lloyd had with the network with previous shows). CBS, not ready to use the single-camera style of filming, nor ready to make another large commitment, did not accept the series. NBC, already having two shows of similar style (mockumentary), The Office and Parks and Recreation, decided against accepting the series until the success of the other two series decreased. ABC accepted the series.[7] The series was given a full season pickup on October 8, 2009.[8][9] On January 12, 2010, ABC Entertainment President Stephen McPherson announced that Modern Family had been renewed for a second season.[10]
Casting[edit]
Casting for Modern Family was very difficult (except for Jesse Tyler Ferguson). Initially Ed O'Neill had lost the part to Craig T. Nelson (who would later go on to play Zeek Braverman on Parenthood on NBC) although he was eventually cast after Nelson turned down the part due to money problems.[11] Eric Stonestreet who was unknown at the time had to fight for the role of Cameron. It was also difficult for Julie Bowen as she was pregnant with twins during filming and had to cover her pregnant belly with clothes, pillows, laundry baskets etc. while Ty Burrell had to test for the role of Phil Dunphy three times. Initially Jesse Tyler Ferguson had auditioned for the role of Cameron before Christopher Lloyd and Steven Levitan thought he would be better suited for the role of Mitchell.[12]
Filming[edit]
The episode was filmed in Los Angeles in the United States and is set in a nameless suburban neighborhood.[1] It was written and produced by Christopher Lloyd and Steven Levitan, who had worked together on Frasier. When Julie Bowen, who plays Claire Dunphy, read the script, she "desperately wanted to do it" but was pregnant with twins.[13] Bowen "auditioned, begged and pleaded", eventually convincing the show makers to film around her stomach.[13] In the pilot, shot when Bowen was 8½ months pregnant,[14] Bowen hides her stomach with laundry.[15] When Phil was dancing to the High School Musical song it was very difficult for the child actors not to laugh with everyone laughing when they were done filming the scene.[16]
Reception[edit]
Ratings[edit]
The episode premiered on ABC in the United States on September 23, 2009. The show was watched live by 12.61 million viewers, placing it as the most viewed show of the night and the series. It also acquired a Nielsen rating of 4.2/11 in the 18-49 age bracket.[17] The show began broadcasting in the United Kingdom on Sky1 on 15 October 2009.[18] The pilot was watched by 444,000 viewers across two airings, with 348,000 watching the show in the 8pm time slot.[19]
Reviews[edit]
The pilot episode received universal acclaim, with some reviewers highlighting it as one of the best new comedies of 2009. Robert Canning of IGN gave the episode an 8.8 saying it was "Great" and "The premiere episode does a fantastic job of introducing us to these family units, and it was fun to see how they would be connected to each other in the realm of the series. The smaller issues aside - the mildly unclear format, some forced clichés - the pilot episode of Modern Family is a must see comedy".[20] Variety wrote "Easily the new season's best comedy pilot, Modern Family deftly serves up laughs on multiple levels, from understated one-liners to deft sight-gags."[2] Mary McNamara of the LA Times commented "Just when we were thinking it couldn't be done, ABC's Modern Family has single-handedly brought the family comedy back from the dead...Modern Family is sharp, timely and fresh, complicated enough to be interesting but with a soft, sweet center".[21] The New York Times' Gina Bellafante called the series "the best new half-hour of funny television in a season rife with half-hours of funny television".[1] She also felt it was a replacement for Arrested Development, the "last great family comedy" which ended in 2006. The success of the pilot led to the series holding a rating of 86/100 on Metacritic from 25 reviews.[22] ABC ordered a full 22-episode season of the show.[23]
Awards and nominations[edit]
The episode received multiple award nominations. The episode's director Jason Winer won Directors Guild of America award for Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Comedy Series.[24] The episode also won for Episodic Comedy at the Writers Guild of America Awards 2009 tying with Robert Carlock for his work on a 30 Rock episode: "Apollo, Apollo".[25] The episode was also nominated for numerous Primetime Emmy Awards winning Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series and Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series, but lost Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series to Glee.[26]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Bellafante, Ginia (2009-10-22). "Television Review - 'Modern Family' - Dispatches from the Home Front in an ABC sitcom with Ed O'Neill". New York Times. Retrieved 2009-10-20.
^ Jump up to: a b Lowry, Brian (2009-09-20). "Modern Family Review - TV Show Reviews - Analysis of Modern Family The TV Series". Variety. Retrieved 2009-10-20.
Jump up ^ Frost, Vicky (2009-10-15). "Does Sky1's Modern Family remind you anything". London: The Guardian. Retrieved 2009-10-20.
Jump up ^ "Modern Family Season 1: Christopher Lloyd Interview". MovieWeb.com. Retrieved 2010-09-04.
Jump up ^ "'Modern Family' a freshman hit for ABC - Entertainment - Television - TODAYshow.com". Today.msnbc.msn.com. Retrieved 2010-09-04.
Jump up ^ "Modern Family: Co-creator Steve Levitan weighs in". NJ.com. 2010-01-14. Retrieved 2010-09-04.
Jump up ^ Pond, Steve. "It's a 'Modern Family' Affair at the Emmys". The Wrap. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
Jump up ^ Robert Seidman (October 8, 2009). ""ABC gives full season pickups to "Modern Family", "Cougar Town," and "The Middle""". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on October 10, 2009.
Jump up ^ Isis Abrams. "ABC Picks Up Cougar Town, Modern Family and The Middle". TVGuide.com.
Jump up ^ Jan 12, 2010 10:11 AM (2010-01-12). "ABC bringing back 'Modern Family,' 'Cougar Town' - The Live Feed | THR". Thrfeed.com. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
Jump up ^ "Craig T. Nelson Turned Down 'Modern Family' for Money, 'Lone Star' Alum Lands 'Hawaii Five-0' Role and More". Tvsquad.com. 2011-01-27. Archived from the original on January 28, 2011. Retrieved 2011-02-04.
Jump up ^ "Jesse Tyler Ferguson talks 'Modern Family', improvising on set and audition for the role | Daily Actor - The Actors Online Entertainment Resource". Daily Actor. 2009-12-18. Retrieved 2010-11-14.
^ Jump up to: a b "Brown grad Julie Bowen stars in 'Modern Family' on ABC | projo.com | The Providence Journal TV |". projo.com. 2009-09-21. Retrieved 2010-11-14.
Jump up ^ Levin, Gary (2009-09-01). "It's all in the 'Modern Family': Comedy that's not so 'snarky'". USA Today. Retrieved 2010-05-22.
Jump up ^ Savage, Lesley (2010-01-21). "'Modern Family' recap: Seeds of change | EW.com". Popwatch.ew.com. Retrieved 2010-11-14.
Jump up ^ "Home Videos 4 Modern Family - ABC". Abc.go.com. Retrieved 2010-11-14.
Jump up ^ Seidman, Robert (2009-09-24). "Wednesday broadcast finals: Modern Family down a tenth, Cougar Town up a tenth with adults 18-49". TV by the numbers. Archived from the original on September 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-10-20.
Jump up ^ Shepherd, Robert (2009-08-26). "Sky 1 acquires US comedy Modern Family". Broadcast Now. Retrieved 2009-10-20.
Jump up ^ "Modern Family gathers 444,000 for Sky 1". Broadcast Now. 2009-10-16. Retrieved 2009-10-20.
Jump up ^ Robert Canning (2009-09-22). "Modern Family: "Pilot" Review". IGN.com. Retrieved 2010-03-10.
Jump up ^ McNamara, Mary (2009-09-23). "'Modern Family'". LA Times. Retrieved 2009-10-20.
Jump up ^ "The Modern Family reviews at Metacritic.com". Metacritic. Retrieved 2009-10-20.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (2009-10-08). "ABC orders full seasons of Modern Family, Cougar Town, The Middle". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2009-10-20.
Jump up ^ "Modern Family on ABC : Modern Family Win!". Modern Family ABC. 2010-01-31. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
Jump up ^ "wga awards". Writers Guild of America, West. Archived from the original on 2010-07-31. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
Jump up ^ "2010 Primetime Emmy Awards Nominations". Academy of Television Arts & Sciences.com. Retrieved 2010-07-10.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: "Pilot"
"Pilot" at ABC.com
"Pilot" on IMDb
"Pilot" at TV.com
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1971–1989
John Rich for "All in the Family" (1971)
Gene Reynolds for "Pilot" (M*A*S*H) (1972)
Gene Reynolds for "Deal Me Out" (1973)
Hy Averback for "Alcoholics Unanimous" (1974)
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Alan Alda for "Dear Sigmund" (1976)
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Alan Alda for "The Life You Save" (1981)
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James Burrows for "Showdown: Part II" (1983)
Jay Sandrich for "Pilot" (The Cosby Show) (1984)
Jay Sandrich for "Pilot" (The Golden Girls) (1985)
Terry Hughes for "Isn't It Romantic?" (1986)
Will Mackenzie for "A, My Name is Alex" (1987)
Steve Miner for "Pilot" (The Wonder Years) (1988)
Barnet Kellman for "Brown Like Me" (1989)
1990–2009
James Burrows for "Woody Interruptus" (1990)
Peter Bonerz for "Uh Oh: Part II" (1991)
Tom Cherones for "The Contest" (1992)
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David Lee for "The Matchmaker" (1994)
Gordon Hunt for "The Alan Brady Show" (1995)
Andy Ackerman for "The Rye" (1996)
Andy Ackerman for "The Betrayal" (1997)
Thomas Schlamme for "Pilot" (Sports Night) (1998)
Thomas Schlamme for "Small Town" (1999)
James Burrows for "Lows in the Mid-Eighties" (2000)
Todd Holland for "Bowling" (2001)
Bryan Gordon for "Special Section" (2002)
Tim Van Patten for "Boy Interrupted" (2003)
Tim Van Patten for "An American Girl in Paris: Part Deux" (2004)
Marc Buckland for "Pilot" (My Name Is Earl) (2005)
Richard Shepard for "Pilot" (Ugly Betty) (2006)
Barry Sonnenfeld for "Pie-lette" (2007)
Paul Feig for "Dinner Party" (2008)
Jason Winer for "Pilot" (Modern Family) (2009)
2010-2017
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Robert B. Weide for "Palestinian Chicken" (2011)
Lena Dunham for "Pilot" (Girls) (2012)
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Jill Soloway for "Best New Girl" (2014)
Chris Addison for "Election Night" (2015)
Becky Martin for "Inauguration" (2016)
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Bob Daily & Lori Kirkland & Dan O'Shannon for "Rooms with a View" (2002)
Bob Daily for "No Sex, Please, We're Skittish" (2003)
Mitchell Hurwitz & Jim Vallely for "Pier Pressure" / Neil Thompson for "Ida's Boyfriend" (2004)
Jenji Kohan for "You Can't Miss the Bear" (2005)
Steve Carell for "Casino Night" (2006)
Paul Lieberstein & Michael Schur for "The Job" (2007)
Andrew Guest & John Riggi for "Succession" (2008)
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