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Uno (card game)
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For the video game adaptation, see Uno (video game).
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UNO
Type
Shedding-type
Players
2 – 10[1]
Skills required
Keeping important cards for later, knowing when to put them down, concealing your hand.
Age range
5+[1]
Cards
108
Playing time
Normally up to an hour but can go higher
Random chance
easy
Uno (/ˈuːnoʊ/; from Italian and Spanish for 'one') (stylized as UNO) is an American card game that is played with a specially printed deck (see Crazy Eights for a family of games very similar to Uno but played with normal playing cards). The game was originally developed in 1971 by Merle Robbins in Reading, Ohio, a suburb of Cincinnati. It has been a Mattel brand since 1992. The game's general principles put it into the Crazy Eights family of card games. When his family and friends began to play more and more, he spent $8,000 to have 5,000 copies of the game made. He sold it from his barbershop at first, and local businesses began to sell it as well. Robins later sold the rights to UNO to a group of friends headed by Robert Tezak, a funeral parlor owner in Joliet, Illinois, for $50,000 plus royalties of 10 cents per game. Tezak formed International Games, Inc., to market UNO, with offices behind his funeral parlor. The games were produced by Lewis Saltzman of Saltzman Printers in Maywood, Illinois. In 1992, International Games became part of the Mattel family of companies.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Official rules
1.1 Penalties
1.2 Two-player game
1.3 House rules
2 Strategies
3 Card and deck styles
4 Theme packs
4.1 Themed My First Uno games
4.2 Themed video games
4.3 Themed sports teams
5 Special Uno games
6 Video games
7 Variations
7.1 Alternative Game Play
7.2 Alternative Games Featuring Uno Deck
8 Similar games
9 Notes
10 References
11 Bibliography
Official rules[edit]
A deck of English Uno cards from 1994. This particular deck uses the older card design, where letters appear on the action cards instead of symbols.
UNO cards deck
The aim of the game is to be the first player to score 500 points, achieved (usually over several rounds of play) by a player discarding all of their cards and earning points corresponding to the value of the remaining cards still held by the other players.
The deck consists of 108 cards, of which there are 25 of each color (red, green, blue, and yellow), each color having two of each rank except zero. The ranks in each color are zero to nine, "Skip", "Draw Two", and "Reverse" (the last three being "action cards"). In addition, the deck contains four each of "Wild" and "Wild Draw Four" cards.
To start a hand, seven cards are dealt to each player, and the top card of the deck is flipped over and set aside to begin the discard pile. The player to the dealer's left plays first, unless the first card on the discard pile is an action or Wild card (see below). On a player's turn, they must do one of the following:
play a card matching the discard in color, number, or symbol
play a Wild card, or a playable Wild Draw Four card (see restriction below)
draw the top card of the deck
Play proceeds clockwise around the table.
Action and Wild cards have the following effects:
Card
Effect when played from hand
Effect as first discard
Skip Next player in sequence misses a turn Player to dealer's left misses a turn
Draw Two Next player in sequence draws two cards and misses a turn Player to dealer's left draws two cards and misses a turn
Reverse Order of play switches directions (clockwise to counterclockwise, or vice versa) Dealer plays first; play proceeds counterclockwise
Wild Player declares next color to be matched (may be used on any turn even if the player has matching color) Player to dealer's left declares starting color, then plays normally
Wild Draw Four Player declares next color to be matched; next player in sequence draws four cards and misses a turn. May be legally played only if the player has no cards of the current color (see Penalties) Return card to deck, shuffle, flip top card to start discard pile
A player who draws from the deck must either play or keep that card, and may play no other card from their hand on that turn.
A player may play a Wild card at any time, even if that player has other playable cards.
A player may play a Wild Draw Four card only if that player has no cards matching the current color. The player may have cards of a different color matching the current number or symbol or a Wild card and still play the Wild Draw Four card.[3] A player who plays a Wild Draw Four may be challenged by the next player in sequence (see Penalties) to prove that their hand meets this condition.
If the entire deck is used during play, the top discard is set aside and the rest of the pile is shuffled to create a new deck. Play then proceeds normally.
It is illegal to trade cards of any sort with another player.
A player who plays their next-to-last-card must call "Uno" as a warning to the other players.[4]
The first player to get rid of their last card ("going out") wins the hand and scores points for the cards held by the other players. Number cards count their face value, all action cards count 20, and Wild and Wild Draw Four cards count 50. If a Draw Two or Wild Draw Four card is played to go out, the next player in sequence must draw the appropriate number of cards before the score is tallied.
The first player to score 500 points wins the game.
Penalties[edit]
If a player lays down their next-to-last card without calling "Uno" and is caught before the next player in sequence takes a turn (i.e., plays a card from their hand, draws from the deck, or touches the discard pile), they must draw two cards. If the player is not caught in time (subject to interpretation), or remembers to call "Uno" before being caught, they suffer no penalty. If a player falsely calls "Uno" while having multiple cards in their hand, they draw four cards.[3]
If a player plays a Wild Draw Four card, the following player can challenge its use. The player who used the Wild Draw Four must privately show their hand to the challenging player, in order to demonstrate that they had no matching colored cards. If the challenge succeeds, the challenged player draws four cards; it it fails, the challenger draws six.[3]
Two-player game[edit]
In a two-player game, the Reverse card acts like a Skip card; when played, the other player misses a turn.
House rules[edit]
The following rules are commonly used by players to alter the game:
Progressive Uno: If a draw card is played, and the following player has the same card, they can play that card and "stack" the penalty, which adds to the current penalty and passes it to the following player.[3]
Seven-O: When a certain card is played, the player is able to trade hands with another player or with all players.[3]
Jump-In: Another player can assume control of the game if they have the exact same card that was last played (same number and color.)[3]
Strategies[edit]
A strategy at Uno may be offensive (aiming to go out), or defensive (aiming to minimize the value of one's hand, in the event that another player goes out, thus getting those points). Part of the skill of playing Uno is knowing when to adopt an offensive or defensive strategy.
An offensive strategy would be holding on to Wild and Wild Draw Four cards, because they can be played near the end of the hand in order to go out (when it's harder to play a matching card). However, a defensive strategy would advise getting rid of such cards early, because they have a high point value.
A defensive strategy would advise playing a high card in order to reduce the point value of the hand. However, an offensive strategy would suggest playing a 0 when the player wants to continue on the current color, because it is less likely to be matched by another 0 of a different color (there is only one 0 of each color, but two of each 1–9).
A player holding only one card is required to call out "Uno" or risk being penalized if caught. A player who calls "Uno" risks being the target of concerted action by the other players, who may be able to use action cards to prevent that player from going out. Depending on the level and seriousness of play, some players may deliberately avoid saying "Uno", in the hope of avoiding detection and then going out on the next turn. For this reason, it is useful to conceal how many cards are in your hand, and to keep track of how many cards every other player holds.
Little has been published on the optimal strategy for the game of Uno. Simulations of games may shed some light on the matter. Attempts to reduce point count in a player's hands can be "read" by other players if too transparent. This information can be exploited by other players, and it follows that a mixed strategy may be more appropriate.
Some work has been done into the psychology of Uno as it relates to individual and group behavior.[5] Players may exhibit physical tells,[6] in which a subtle, often repeated, cue inadvertently reveals their state of mind during a game. Alternatively, they may change their playing style, switching from an aggressive card-shedding strategy to a more subdued one, or vice versa.
Card and deck styles[edit]
The new Uno action cards bear symbols which denote their action, except for the Wild cards which still bear the word "Wild." Before the design change, such cards in English versions of the game had letters only. Especially old English versions can be denoted by the absence of the white rim that surrounds the edge of most Uno cards. Other versions use symbols and images in both old and new designs, especially ones with Wild cards that do not bear the word "Wild". The Xbox 360 version of the game uses the new English style of the cards. There are also language-free versions of the newer styles that do not bear the word "Wild" but have the same styling. There is a new version called "Uno Mod" where the cards have symbols instead of letters or numbers. This version also comes in a red and white case. It is one of several "Mod" games by Mattel, the others being Othello (game) Mod, Apples to Apples Mod, Phase 10 Mod, and Skip-Bo Mod.
Theme packs[edit]
There are many different themes and versions of Uno. These theme games may come with slightly different directions and special cards.
American Kennel Club (Herding Breeds) Uno
American Kennel Club (Non-Sporting Group) Uno (2006)
American Kennel Club (Sporting Group) Uno
American Kennel Club (Terrier Breeds) Uno
Angry Birds Uno (2012)
Arsenal Highbury Legends Uno (2007)
Avengers Uno (2015)
Avengers Assemble Uno (2013)
Bandai Uno[a]
Barbie Uno[b]
Barbie Cali Girl Edition Uno (2004)
Barbie - Life in the Dream House Uno (2014)
Batman Uno (2005)
Batman Begins Uno (2005)
Batman: The Dark Knight Uno (2008)
Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice Uno (2015)
Beach Uno (2011)
Betty Boop Uno (2005)
The Big Bang Theory Uno (2012)
Braille Uno (2012)
Care Bears Uno (2003)
Car-Go Uno (2004)
Cars Uno (2006)
Cars 2 Uno (2011)
Cinderella Uno (2012)
Coca-Cola Uno (1998, 2004)
Dare (2014)
DC Super Heroes Uno
Diary of a Wimpy Kid Uno (2012)
Disney Uno (2002)
Disney Electronic Uno (Classic) (2003)
Disney Electronic Uno (Modern)
Disney Fairies Uno (2009)
Disney Pixar Uno (2012)
Disney Princess Uno[c]
Disney Channel / Disney Shows Uno[d]
Disney Sofia The First Uno[e]
Disney Theme Park Uno[f]
Doc McStuffins Uno (2013)
Dog Uno (2003)
Doraemon Uno[g]
Doctor Who Uno (2007)
Elvis Uno (2000)
Emoji Uno
Eragon Uno (2006)
Family Guy Uno (2004)
Fantastic Four Uno (2005)
Fat Albert Uno (2005)
Ferrari Uno (2000)
Finding Dory Uno (2016)
Fishing Uno (2012)
Florida State University Uno (2011)
Fraggle Rock Uno[h]
Frozen Uno (2014)
Glee Uno (2011)
Ghostbusters Uno (2016)
Golden Compass Uno (2007)
Green Lantern Uno (2011)
Hairspray Uno (2007)
Hanna-Barbera Uno (2004)
Hannah Montana Backstage Pass Uno
Hannah Montana Best of Both Worlds Uno (2007)
Happy Feet Uno (2006)
Harry Potter Uno[i]
Hello Kitty Bow Uno (2012)
Hello Kitty Friendship Uno (2003)
Hi Hi Puffy Amiyumi Uno (2006)
High School Musical Uno (2006)
High School Musical 2 Uno (2007)
High School Musical 3 Uno (2008)
Holiday Uno (2009)
Hoops and Yoyo Uno
Horses Uno (2011)
Hot Death Uno (2001)
Hot Wheels Uno (2012)
House Rules Uno (1998)
Hulk Uno (2003)
H2O[j]
H2O To Go
H2O Splash (2005)
Iron Man 2 Uno (2010)
Jelly Belly Uno (2012)
John Deere Uno[k]
Kittens Uno
Kung Fu Panda Uno (2008)
Limited Too It's A Girl's World Uno (2008)
Macy's Parade Uno
Magic Tree House Uno (2007)
Marvel Heroes Uno (2010)
Mario Bros. Uno (2012)
Mini Party Favors Uno
Muppet Show Uno[l]
My Scene Uno (2005)
MyUno Uno (2005)
National Parks Uno (2002, 2009)
New York City Uno (2001)
NHL Uno
Nightmare Before Christmas Uno (2007)
Nintendo Uno (2004)
North American Wildlife Uno
Notre Dame Uno (2005)
NSYNC Uno(2000)
One Piece Uno (2003, 2011)
One Piece: The New World Uno (Japan-2012)
Over the Hedge Uno (2006)
Paw Patrol Uno (2015)
Peanuts Uno (2002)[m]
Peanuts – A Charlie Brown Christmas Uno[n]
Peanuts – It's the Great Pumpkin Uno (2006)
Peanuts - Be My Valentine Uno (2006)
Peanuts Movie Uno (2015)
Peanuts – Vintage Peanuts Uno (2005)
The Penguins of Madagascar Uno (2012)
Penn State University Uno
Phineas and Ferb Uno (2012)
Pinkalicious Uno (2010)
Pirates of the Caribbean Uno (2007)
Planes Uno (2013)
Planes - Fire and Rescue! Uno (2014)
Pokémon Uno (2006)
Pokémon: Best Wishes (Japan)
Pokémon: XY (Japan)
Polly Pocket Uno (2006)
Power Rangers Super Samurai Uno
Puppies Uno
Ratatouille Uno (2007)
Ren and Stimpy Uno (2004)
Retro Uno (2014)
Scooby-Doo Uno
Sesame Street Uno (2004)
Shopkins Uno (2015)
Shrek Uno
Shrek 2 Uno (2004)
Shrek the Third Uno[o]
The Simpsons Uno (2003)
The Simpsons (D'oh) Uno (2009)
The Simpsons: Springfield / Great Scot Uno (2006)
The Simpsons: Treehouse of Horror Uno (2005)
Sock Monkey Uno
South Park Uno (2004)
Speed Racer[p]
Spider-Man Uno (2002)
Spider-Man 2 Uno (2004)
Spider-Man Spider Sense Uno*
Marvel Ultimate Spider-Man Web-Warriors Uno (2014)
Splash Uno[q]*
Splash: Finding Dory Uno[r]
SpongeBob SquarePants #1[s]
SpongeBob SquarePants #2[t]
SpongeBob SquarePants #3[u]
SpongeBob SquarePants - Eye Eye SpongeBob! (2008)
SpongeBob SquarePants - Jellyfishing (2008)
SpongeBob SquarePants - Lost in Time (2006)
St. Louis Uno (2005)
Star Trek Uno[v]
Mattel-produced "Special Edition"[w]
Fundex Games "Collector's Edition"[x]
Star Wars: The Clone Wars Uno
Super Mario (2016)
Superman Uno (2005)
Superman Returns Uno (2005)
Sydney 2000 Uno (1999)
Teen Titans Uno (2006)
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Uno (2014)
Texas Uno (2006)
Toy Story Uno (2010)
University of Alabama Uno
University of Florida Uno
University of Georgia Uno
University of Kentucky Uno
University of Michigan Uno
University of North Carolina Uno
University of Texas Uno
Uno (1971)
Uno 25th Anniversary (1996)
Uno 30th Anniversary (2001)
Uno 35th Anniversary (2011)
UNO in FitSand Travel Zipper Carry EVA Hard Case (2016)
Uno Deluxe in box[y]
Uno Deluxe in Wood Box
UNO With Customizable Wild Cards (2015)
Uno Mod (2010)
USA Uno
Vacation Uno[z]
Wilderness Uno (2016)
Wildlife Uno (2012)
Wizard of Oz Uno(2007) [aa]
WWE Legends Uno (2005)
X-Games (1999, 2007)
X-Men Uno (2003)
Note: * indicates HIT Entertainment character, by which Mattel acquired HIT in 2012.
Themed My First Uno games[edit]
Card sets only have 36 cards designed for children at least 3 years of age. These sets come in several variants, based on titles for children. My First Uno versions:
Angelina Ballerina Uno (2005)
Animals Uno
Bob The Builder Uno (2007)
Clifford the Big Red Dog
Curious George Uno (2005)
Dora the Explorer Uno (2003, 2010)
Elmo Uno
Handy Manny Uno (2009)
Disney's Jake and the Neverland Pirates Uno (2011)
Koala Brothers Uno (2005)
Little People Uno (2006)
Mickey Mouse Club Uno (2008)
Miss Spider's Sunny Patch Friends Uno (2006)
Rugrats Uno (1991)
Sesame Street Uno (2004)
SpongeBob SquarePants and Friends Uno (2012)
Thomas & Friends Uno (2010)
Where the Wild Things Are Uno (2007)
Winnie the Pooh and Friends Uno (2002, 2011, 2012)
Yo Gabba Gabba! Uno
Themed video games[edit]
Uno versions available on the Xbox 360:
Street Fighter II Uno[ab]
Project Gotham Racing Uno[ac]
Kameo: Elements of Power Uno[ad]
Uno 35th Anniversary (see above)
Themed sports teams[edit]
Several sports teams each have 112-card sets, featuring players from those teams. The special cards in each deck vary depending on the card set itself. The following teams have confirmed Uno sets.
Auburn Tigers (NCAA)
England FA (2010)
England Rugby (2010)
Manchester United
Hockey
Calgary Flames (2010)
NHL
NHL Stars of Finland
MLB All-Stars
American League (2005)
American League - Stars of the American League (2006)[ae]
American League - Baltimore Orioles Miguel Tejada
American League - Boston Red Sox (Regular (2004) and World Series editions (2007))
American League - Boston Red Sox David Ortiz Limited (2007)
American League - Chicago White Sox (2007)
American League - Chicago White Sox World Series Championship
American League - Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim (2005)
American League - New York Yankees (2006)
American League - New York Yankees Derek Jeter Limited (2007)
American League - Seattle Mariners (2003)
American League - Texas Rangers (2006)

National League
National League - MLB All Stars National League
National League - Chicago Cubs[af]
National League - Chicago Cubs: Derek Lee (2006)
National League - Houston Astros (2005)
National League - New York Mets (2005)
National League - New Your Mets: David Wright Special (2007)
National League - Philadelphia Phillies (2005)
National League - St. Louis Cardinals (2006)
NBA All-Stars
(East and West)
Eastern Conference - NBA All Stars Eastern Conference (2006)
Eastern Conference - Boston Celtics Legends (2005)
Eastern Conference - Cleveland Cavaliers: LeBron James Special Edition (2007)
Eastern Conference - New York Knicks (2006)
Western Conference - NBA All Stars Western Conference (2006)
Western Conference - Los Angeles Lakers Legends Edition (2006)
Western Conference - Los Angeles Lakers Kobe Bryant Special Edition (2007)
Western Conference - San Antonio Spurs (2006)
American Football
Chicago Bears (2006)
Dallas Cowboys (2006)
Green Bay Packers (2007)
Minnesota Vikings
National Football League NFC Edition (2006)
New England Patriots (2007)
New York Giants (2006)
New York Jets (2009)
NFL American League (2006)
NFL National League (2006)
Phil. Eagles (2006)
Pittsburgh Steelers (2006)
Super Bowl XL Steelers Special Edition (2006)
NFL Greatest Players Editions
Tom Brady (2007)
Reggie Bush(2007)
Brett Favre (2007)
LaDanian Tomlinson (2007)
Brian Urlacher (2007)
Special Uno games[edit]
Uno Attack (Uno Extreme in the UK and Canada) (1999)
Uno Attack Refill Deck
Uno Bingo (1997)
Uno Blast (2012)
Uno Blitzo (2000)
Uno Choo-Choo (2011)
Uno Color Screen
Uno Deluxe
Uno Dare (2014)
Uno Dice (1987, 1996, 2011)
Uno Dominoes (1986)
Electronic Uno
Uno Flash (2007)
Uno Flip (2009)
Giant Uno (2016)
Uno H2O (2004)
Uno H2O To Go
Uno Hearts (1994)
Uno Junior (1992)
King Size Uno The oversized cards have animal illustrations in addition to numbers (1-6) and colors to help children make matches. The deck also contains 4 wild cards, a Draw 2 card for each suit, and a Free Turn card for each suit. (1994)
Killer Uno (1995)
Uno Madness (1995)
Uno Moo (2008, 2014)
Uno Power Grab
Uno Reflex
Uno Roboto
Uno Royal Revenge Whoever wears the crown makes the rules! (2014)
Uno Rummy Up (1993)
Uno Spin (2005)
Uno Spin Hannah Montana (2005)
Uno Spin One Piece (Japan)
Uno Spin To Go (2010)
Uno Stacko (1994)
Travel Uno Stacko
Uno Tippo (2009)
Uno Slam
Uno Tiki Twist (2014)
Uno Wild Jackpot (2016)
Uno Wild Tiles (1982)
Get Wild for Uno (2016)
Video games[edit]
Hot Death UNO (IBM - 1993)
Uno (handheld video game - 2000)
Uno (handheld video game for the Game Boy Color of the classic Uno board game)
UNO DX (Japanese exclusive Sega Saturn game by Mitsui & Co. - 1998)
Uno (PlayStation Network)
Uno (Xbox Live Arcade)
Uno Rush (Xbox Live Arcade)
Uno Challenge (mobile version of the classic Uno board game)
Uno Free Fall (puzzle game for mobile phones)
Uno 52 (Nintendo Game Boy Advance)
Super Uno (Super Famicom)
Uno (Facebook) (Adobe Flash–based version of the classic Uno card game produced by GameHouse Studios)
Uno iPhone version featuring online and local play. Produced by Gameloft
Uno The same as on the iPhone, but with enhanced graphics. Produced by Gameloft
Uno Released as three versions: SD, HD and Free with adverts. Produced by Gameloft
Uno
Uno & Friends (various platforms)
Pocket Uno
Uno and UNO & Friends for Windows Phone
Uno Undercover (Windows)
Uno (2016 video game for PC, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One by Ubisoft)
Variations[edit]
Alternative Game Play[edit]
Many variations from standard gameplay exist, such as Elimination Uno, Speed Uno, French Uno, Pirate Uno, and Pakistani Uno.[7]
Alternative Games Featuring Uno Deck[edit]
Limonada
Similar games[edit]
Uno is a member of the shedding family of card games. The shedding family of card games consists of games where the objective is to get rid of all your cards while preventing the other players from getting rid of their cards.
AdrenalineUno
Crazy Eights
Boom-O
Eleusis
Last Card
Luck Plus
Macau
MAD Magazine Card Game
Mao
Mau Mau (game)
O'NO 99
One Card (game)
One Card - Stop (game)
Petei
Phase 10
Spaced Out (game)
SKIP-BO
Taki
UNO 2 DS
Whot!
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ A version released in Japan.
Jump up ^ Features the "friendship" card, where the player can swap his/her hand with another player. (2002, 2010)
Jump up ^ Features the Dragon Card, when played, all players must discard a prince card (regardless of color or number) to kill the dragon before continuing play. If a player does not have a prince card in their hand, they must pick up cards until they find a prince card. (2004) (2013)
Jump up ^ Deck features many of the characters on the Disney Channel.
Jump up ^ Card game in Foil Bag.
Jump up ^ Evil card: the player holding this card can steal the top card from the DISCARD pile at any point in the game, even if it's not his or her turn. (2005, 2012)
Jump up ^ Released in Japan
Jump up ^ Includes the Travel card (featuring Traveling Matt), which allows the player to "travel" to another player's spot and view his or her entire hand. (2006)
Jump up ^ which features a Draw Three (instead of Draw Two) card; also features a "howler" wild card where, if played, the player who uses the card may select another player to say all of their cards aloud; also features an "invisibility" wild card where, if played, the player can block any card placed down (such as, a card that forces them to draw cards). (2000, 2003, 2005, 2010)
Jump up ^ A deck with transparent waterproof cards. It includes 4 (2 of which are +1 2 of which are +2 downpour cards) black action cards called "wild DownPour" cards; when played, all the other players must pick up the number specified on the card and may choose the next color of play these cards replace two of the wild cards and two of the wild draw four cards out of the original deck, and also double as wild cards. (2004)
Jump up ^ Features farm equipment graphics and a "Harvest" card-The player who plays the harvest card selects another player to draw from the DRAW pile until he/she draws a green card, which will allow them to complete the harvest (or, until they draw 5 cards, whichever comes first). (2010)
Jump up ^ Mayhem card: the player who plays it causes everyone to swap hands. The direction of the swap is determined by the player playing the card. (2003)
Jump up ^ Wei, R. H. "Gamebits: Peanuts at Play". Games. Issue 196 (Vol. 27, No. 10). Pg.4. December 2003.
Jump up ^ Happy Holidays Card (2007, 2008, 2010)
Jump up ^ In a Shrek-faced package. 'Merlin Card' When you play this card you call out a color of your choice. All other players draw cards from the DRAW pile until each draws a card of that color. All of the cards that they draw are added to the cards in their hands. (2007)
Jump up ^ This set has a special Racer X card. The player who uses this card draws a card from the draw pile onto the discard pile and the depending on the number, the next player must place a card that follows the number drawn before. For example, player A draws the racer X card and draws a card with the number 3. The next player must place a card with the number 4 (regardless of colour) and the next player must place a card with the number 5 and so on. If they reach 9, they must start over with 0 until a player is unable to place a card and he/she must draw three cards. (2007)
Jump up ^ Comes with a handy clip that keeps all the cards together and attaches to a beach bag, backpack or camping gear. Seems to be about the same as H20 To Go.
Jump up ^ Comes with a handy clip that keeps all the cards together and attaches to a beach bag, backpack or camping gear.
Jump up ^ Super Absorbency (#1) Uno – which features the Super Absorbency card, a wild card which requires the next player to draw one card from all other players' hands at random. There is controversy as to what happens when the Super Absorbency card is played as the player's penultimate card. Some contend that the person playing the card would win as the next player would be required to take that card from him/her. However, some say that there is an exception whereas the Super Absorbency requires a card to be drawn from all players' hands except those who are in the uno stage. Clarification can be found on the back of the SpongeBob metallic tin. (2002)
Jump up ^ Secret Recipe (#2) Uno – Secret Recipe – Allows the player to look at another player's hand. The player can also select a new color just like a wild card.
Jump up ^ Lost in Time (#3 Uno) – Daredevil – Can be played to counter a Draw 2 or Draw 4 card. Can also be used as a wild card.
Jump up ^ Two Editions, both based on Star Trek: The Original Series
Jump up ^ With special cards, each of which appears once per pack: Double Tribble card – The player who plays this card chooses the color of play, then next player doubles the number of cards in their hand and forfeits their turn; Beam Me Up, Scotty card – This can played to stop any command card (a "Draw 2" card, for example) and allows for the color of play to be chosen; Mind Meld card – This commands the next player to show the person who played this card their hand; Live Long & Prosper card – This can be played at any time to discard the players hand and pick up an entirely new one, then allows him/her to choose color of play. (1999)
Jump up ^ Simplifies the special WILDs to one kind: 4 "Beam Up WILD" cards that can negate the effects of any DRAW 2 or DRAW 4 WILD cards played against a player. That player can then call a new color, and play resumes as if they had played a regular WILD. (It can also be used as a regular WILD if desired.) (2008)
Jump up ^ Some versions with erasable score pad. (1978, 1979, 1983, 1986, 1987, 1991, 1993, 2001, 2000, 2004, 2008)
Jump up ^ When this Check Two Card played by a player, he/she can: - immediately play another card of the same suit color, OR - play either Wild or Wild Draw 4 Card, the wild color called must match the color of the Check Two Card played. However, this Check Two Card cannot be played: - on its own (without a card of the same suit color), OR - as the last card in your hand. If the Check Two Card is the last card in a player hand, he/she must take another card from the draw pile. If the card just drawn matches the suit color of the Check Two Card, he/she may directly play the Check Two Card, say UNO, and play the matching suit color card to complete the game. (2002)
Jump up ^ Includes a special "Over The Rainbow" card where the person playing this card chooses someone hand to look at, also acts as a wild which then the person chooses the color of play.
Jump up ^ In this game, the cards show different characters from the Street Fighter II video game. This deck contains a special Hadouken card, which allows the user to choose 1 player to draw cards until they have drawn a Skip or a Reverse card. Play then continues on as normally.
Jump up ^ In this game, the cards are drawn like cars seen in the Project Gotham Racing series of video games. In this game, the rules include a card called the "Gotham Live" card, which is the same name used as the replay feature in Project Gotham Racing 3. This card allows a player to look at the hand of any of the other players.
Jump up ^ This pack was released on 1 November 2006. This is a custom deck with artwork from the Kameo game. In addition, a special play card allows you to swap your hand with the hand of another player in the game.
Jump up ^ This may be the same as the "American League" deck
Jump up ^ Different sources list 2005, 2006, & 2007
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b UNO instruction sheet, 1983, International Games Ltd.
Jump up ^ "30 Anniversary rule Book" (PDF). Mattel. 2001. Retrieved 2013-02-09.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "UNO Basic Instructions" (PDF). Mattel. 2008.
Jump up ^ Exact wording of the official rules: 'When you play your next-to-last card, you must yell "UNO" (meaning "one") to indicate that you have only one card left'.
Jump up ^ "How to Play UNO in Large Groups". UNOtips.org. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
Jump up ^ "Tells". Unotips.org. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
Jump up ^ "Uno Variations".
Bibliography[edit]
Current official rules, from Mattel
Official Mattel Uno site
Uno Rules at UnoRules.com
Uno Variations at UnoVariations.com
Uno variants at pagat.com
Uno News at Wonkavator
Advanced UNO strategy at UNOtips.org
Uno at BoardGameGeek
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Lantingji Xu
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The Lantingji Xu (simplified Chinese: 兰亭集序; traditional Chinese: 蘭亭集序; pinyin: Lántíngjí Xù; literally: "Preface to the Poems Collected from the Orchid Pavilion") or Lanting Xu, is a piece of Chinese calligraphy work generally considered to be written by the well-known calligrapher Wang Xizhi (303? – 361?) from the East Jin Dynasty (317 – 420).
In the ninth year of the Emperor Yonghe (353 CE), a Spring Purification Ceremony was held at Lanting, Kuaiji Prefecture (today’s Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province) where Wang was appointed as the governor at the time. During the event, forty-two literati gathered along the banks of a coursing stream and engaged in a drinking contest - cups of wine were drifting down from the upstream, and whenever a cup stopped in front of a guest, he had to compose a poem or otherwise drink the wine.[1] At the end of the day, twenty-six literati composed thirty-seven poems in total and the Lantingji Xu, as a preface to the collection was produced by Wang on the spot. The original preface was long lost, but multiple copies with ink on papers or stone inscriptions remain until today.
Contents
[hide]
1 Form and Content
2 Original and Copies of the Lantingji Xu
3 The Authenticity of the Lantingji Xu
4 The Text Translation
5 Bibliography
6 Further reading
7 See also
8 Gallery
9 External links
Form and Content[edit]
The Lantingji Xu was written in the Running (or Semi-Cursive) Style on a cocoon paper with a weasel-whisker brush. It consists of three-hundred and twenty-four characters in twenty-eight columns. The script of the Lantingji Xu was often celebrated as the high point of the Running Style in the history of Chinese calligraphy. The improvisational work demonstrated Wang’s extraordinary calligraphy skill with the elegant and fluent strokes in a coherent spirit throughout the entire preface. The character Zhi (“之”) also appeared twenty times but was never repeated to be the same.
Not only the aesthetic form of the manuscript is highly appreciated but also the transcendent sentiments expressed in the preface about life and death is a timeless classic. The preface starts off with a delightful description of the pleasant surroundings and the joyful Ceremony, but carries on to reveal melancholy feelings towards how the transient delights brought by the vast universe would soon turn into retrospection. Wang reckoned the same emotion would be shared by the ancestors and his future generations even though the world and circumstances would be different. The scholars, who study Wang, refer to his ideology expressed in the preface as a fusion of the Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism.[2]
Original and Copies of the Lantingji Xu[edit]
The original of the Lantingji Xu was told to be completed by Wang in the state of insobriety. Wang tried to rewrite the preface but failed to create the same sublime beauty as the first time.[3] When it came to the reign of the second Emperor from the Tang dynasty (618 – 907), Emperor Taizong (598? – 649) was an admirer of Wang’s calligraphy and he had collected approximately two-thousand pieces of Wang’s works. His tracking of the original Lantingji Xu became a widely circulated anecdote – the Emperor’s senior court official Xiao Yi was tasked to acquire the original from Bian Cai, a monk who inherited Wang’s Lantingji Xu from the friar Zhi Yong, the seventh grandson of Wang. Xiao managed to gain the trust from the monk and successfully spirited away the original work (Figure 1). The overjoyed Emperor shortly requested several court officials and calligraphers to copy the Lantingji Xu and upon Taizong’s death, the original was said to have been buried together in his mausoleum in Shaanxi Province.
Today, among the existing copies of the preface, a few outstanding imitations were attributed to Feng Chengsu (617 – 672), Ouyang Xun (557 – 641), Yu Shinan (558 – 638) and Chu Suiliang (596 – 659) from the Tang dynasty. Feng’s version, also called the Shenlong version (Figure 2), was regarded as the closest resemblance to the original. Feng, as the royal copyist, mastered the calligraphy tracing technique which was named Xiang Tuo. The method requires the copyist to stay in a dark room and stick the artwork against a window where the sunlight can shine through the paper to expose every detail of the characters; Another empty paper is then attached to the original piece to trace the outline of each stroke meticulously before filling in with ink.[4] The Shenlong version is currently preserved at the Palace Museum in Beijing.
Figure 1 Juran, Xiao Yi Getting the Orchid Pavilion Scroll by Deception, 10th century, ink and colour on silk, 144.1 × 59.6 cm.
Figure 2 Lantingji Xu attributed to Feng Chengsu, Tang dynasty, ink on paper. Palace Museum in Beijing.
The Authenticity of the Lantingji Xu[edit]
Given there is not a single piece of original work of Wang survived in our time, the authenticity of the Lantingji Xu has been a subject of controversy particularly from the Qing Dynasty (1644 – 1912) onwards. In the 1960s, the debate was intensified along with discoveries of more calligraphy rubbings and antique documentations.
The voice of forgery, with a key representative Guo Moruo (1892 – 1978), the first President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, claims the Running Style only matured after the Tang dynasty as the artworks and records around the Han to Jin Dynasty imply a heavy dependence of using the Clerical script (evolved around 300 BCE) instead of the Running style, such examples include the stone inscriptions demonstrated in Figure 3 and 4. Moreover, the earliest anecdotes collection in China Shishuo Xinyu (“A New Account of Tales of the World”), annotated by writer Liu Xiaobiao (463 – 521), asserted that the preface written by Wang was actually named Linhe Xu (“The Preface to the Riverside Gathering”). The content of the Linhe Xu recorded in the Shishuo Xinyu, comparing with the Lantingji Xu manuscript, was shortened by a hundred and sixty-seven characters in the middle paragraph but added on forty more characters at the end. Guo also stated that the emotions manifested in the preface was overly pessimistic for an aristocrat so that it was not a true reflection of Wang’s temperament. As a result, by the early 1970s, the conclusion was almost reached that the Lantingji Xu scroll was a work forged by Wang’s descendant.[5]
The discussions revived from the 1980s, supporters of Wang’s Langtingji Xu countered the above arguments with rubbing examples such as Figure 5 and 6, suggesting the formation of the Running Style was already completed before Wang’s time. In addition, since the preface was named by the later ages of Wang, it is not surprising that more than one name may exist pointing to the same work. In fact, before Liu Xiaobiao’s annotations, the earlier version of the Shishuo Xinyu compiled by the first editor Liu Yiqing (403 – 444) was already referring to the preface by Wang as Lantingji Xu. The revision of the content may also be understandable as a common practice applied in the historical annotated books like the Shishuo Xinyu.[5] When it comes to Wang’s ideology, by the time the preface was created, Wang was in his early fifties who had experienced chaos of the wars and disintegration of his nation. Hence, some scholars proposed that rather than pessimism, the content should be explained as a reflection of Wang’s Confucius, Buddhist and Taoist influences instead. These arguments, as a result, led to a broader recognition nowadays that the Lantingji Xu was originally produced by Wang.
Figure 3 Yanxi, details of Huashanmiao, Han dynasty, stone rubbing. Collection of Hong Kong Chinese University (Clerical Script)
Figure 4 Details of Cuanbaizi, 405 CE, stone rubbing. (Transition between the Clerical Script and Regular Script)
Figure 5 Zhongyao, details of Hejie Biao, 219 CE, stone rubbing. (Running Style)
Figure 6 Zhangzhi, Guanjun Tie, 2nd century, stone rubbing. (Cursive Style)
The Text Translation[edit]
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
蘭亭集序
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Preface to the Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion.
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Translation:Preface to the Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion

Chinese Text
English
永和九年，歲在癸丑，暮春之初， In the ninth year of Yonghe, at the beginning of the late spring,
會于會稽山陰之蘭亭，修禊事也。 we have gathered at the Orchid Pavilion in the North of Kuaiji Mountain for the purification ritual.
群賢畢至，少長咸集。 All the literati, the young and the old, have congregated.
此地有崇山峻嶺，茂林修竹； There are high mountains and steep hills, dense wood and slender bamboos,
又有清流激湍，映帶左右。 as well as a limpid flowing stream reflecting the surrounding.
引以為流觴曲水，列坐其次； We sit by a redirected stream with floating wine goblets.
雖無絲竹管絃之盛， Although short of the company of music,
一觴一詠，亦足以暢敘幽情。 the wine and poems are sufficient for us to exchange our feelings.
是日也，天朗氣清，惠風和暢。 As for this day, the sky is clear and the air is fresh; the mild breeze greets us.
仰觀宇宙之大， I look up at the immense universe.
俯察品類之盛； I look down at myriad works [of poetry].
所以遊目騁懷，足以極視聽之娛，信可樂也。 As our eyes wander, so do our minds too. Indeed, it is a pure delight for all our senses.
夫人之相與，俯仰一世， Acquaintance will quickly span a lifetime.
或取諸懷抱，晤言一室之內； Some would share their ambitions in a chamber;
或因寄所託，放浪形骸之外。 others may indulge into diverse interests and pursuits.
雖趣舍萬殊，靜躁不同； The choices are plenty and our temperaments vary.
當其欣於所遇，暫得於己，怏然自足， We enjoy the momentary satisfactions when pleasures regale us,
不知老之將至。 but we hardly realize how fast we will grow old.
及其所之既倦，情隨事遷，感慨係之矣。 When we become tired of our desires and the circumstances change, grief will arise.
向之所欣，俛仰之間，已為陳跡， What previously gratified us will be in the past,
猶不能不以之興懷； we cannot help but to mourn.
況修短隨化，終期於盡。 Whether life is long or short, there is always an end.
古人云： As the ancients said,
「死生亦大矣。」 "Birth and death are two ultimate events."
豈不痛哉！ How agonizing!
每覽昔人興感之由，若合一契； Reading the past compositions, I can recognize the same melancholy from the ancients.
未嘗不臨文嗟悼，不能喻之於懷。 I can only lament without being able to verbalize my feelings.
固知一死生為虛誕， It is absurd to equate life and death,
齊彭殤為妄作。 and it is equally foolish to think that longevity is the same as the short-lived.
後之視今， The future generations will look upon us,
亦猶今之視昔， just like we look upon our past.
悲夫！ How sad!
故列敘時人，錄其所述； Hence, we record the people presented here today and their works;
雖世殊事異， Even though time and circumstances will be different,
所以興懷，其致一也。 the feelings expressed will remain unchanged.
後之覽者，亦將有感於斯文。 The future readers shall also empathize the same by reading this poems collection.
Bibliography[edit]
Jump up ^ Li, Wendan (2009). Chinese Writing and Calligraphy. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-8248-3364-0.
Jump up ^ Long, Xianzhao (April 15, 1983). "论王羲之和《兰亭》考辨诸问题". 纪念王羲之撰写兰亭集叙一千六百三十周年大会专辑.
Jump up ^ Lai, T.C. (1973). Chinese Calligraphy: Its Mystic Beauty. Hong Kong: Swindon Book Company. p. 57.
Jump up ^ Sheh, Hsueh-Man (1972). 王羲之兰亭叙图解. Hong Kong: 香港中文大学校外进修部及雪曼艺文院.
^ Jump up to: a b Liu, Hanping (1982). 论《兰亭》书体. Henan: 中州书画社. pp. 2–19.
Further reading[edit]
Willetts, William. Chinese Calligraphy: Its History and Aesthetic Motivation. Hong Kong: Oxford University, 1981.
Nakata, Yujiro. "The Masterpieces of Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi." In Chinese Calligraphy, edited by Yujiro Nakata. Translated by Jeffery Hunter, 116 - 118. New York, Tokyo and Kyoto: Weatherhill/Tankosha, 1983.
China Heritage Quarterly. "Orchid Pavillion: An Anthology of Literary Representations." Last modified October 19, 2015. http://www.chinaheritagequarterly.org/scholarship.php?searchterm=017_orchidpavillion.inc&issue=017. = Orchid Pavilion: An Anthology of Literary Representations =
See also[edit]
Wang Xizhi
Chinese Calligraphy
Classical Chinese poetry
Six Dynasties poetry
Orchid Pavilion Gathering
Kyokusui-no-en
Gallery[edit]
Photographic resources related to the Lantingji Xu.
Emperor Kangxi, "Lanting tablet", Qing dynasty, stone inscription.
Emperor Qianlong, "Qianlong's Autograph to the Lantingji Xu", Qing dynasty, print.
Zheng Banqiao, "Calligraphy Tablet: the Lantingji Xu", Qing dynasty, stone inscription.
Emperor Kangxi, "Copy of the Lantingji Xu", Qing dynasty, stone inscription.
Emperor Renzong of Song, Copy of the Lantingji Xu, Song dynasty, stone inscription.
Zhao Mengfu, "Copy of the Lantingji Xu", Yuan dynasty, stone inscription.
Zhu Xi, "Copy of the Lantingji Xu", Song dynasty, stone inscription.
External links[edit]
Lantingji Xu at China Online Museum
Lan Ting Xu (bilingual with hypertext dictionary access)
The History and Culture of Lanting Xu - Mild China
A model of Lanting Xu
"Wang Xizhi and Preface to the Orchid Pavilion".
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List of Major League Baseball annual shutout leaders
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Pete Alexander (along with George Bradley) holds the single-season shutout record with 16. His career total of 90 is ranked second all-time to Walter Johnson's 110 shutouts.
The following is a list of annual leaders in shutouts in Major League Baseball (MLB). A shutout occurs when a single pitcher throws a complete game and does not allow the opposing team to score a single run.
Walter Johnson holds the career shutout record with 110. The most shutouts pitched in one season was 16, which was a feat accomplished by both Pete Alexander (1916) and George Bradley (1876). In the dead-ball era and throughout much of the first three-quarters of the twentieth century, starting pitchers were generally expected to perform complete games, and starting pitchers would throw dozens of complete games a year — thereby increasing a pitcher's chances of achieving a shutout. These shutout records are among the most secure records in baseball, as pitchers today rarely earn more than one or two shutouts per season with the heavy emphasis on pitch counts and relief pitching. Pitchers today will often pitch only a few, if any, complete games a season. In 2009, five pitchers tied the National League with only two shutouts, and in 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010 and 2015, the American League leaders also only had two shutouts.
Contents
[hide]
1 American League
2 National League
3 American Association
4 Federal League
5 Players' League
6 Union Association
7 National Association
8 References
American League[edit]
Jack Coombs pitched an American League record 13 shutouts for the Philadelphia Athletics in 1910, although he only pitched 35 shutouts total in his 14 season career.
Ed Walsh, who holds a career record 1.82 ERA, is the only American League pitcher to record 10 or more shutouts on two occasions.
Walter Johnson tied or lead the American League a record seven times in shutouts. He holds the all-time record with 110 career shutouts.
During his early pitching days, Babe Ruth, who is most known for his hitting prowess, led the American League with nine shutouts for the Boston Red Sox in 1916.
Jim Palmer was the last American League pitcher to record 10 shutouts in one season when he did so for the Baltimore Orioles in 1975.
Jeremy Sowers for the Cleveland Indians in 2006 became the second American League pitcher (after Hod Lisenbee in 1927) to lead the league in shutouts in their rookies season.
CC Sabathia is the only player to have led both leagues in shutouts in the same year (2008). He had two shutouts for the Cleveland Indians and led the American League when he was traded in the middle of the season to the Milwaukee Brewers of the National League and accumulated three more shutouts to lead that league as well.
Carl Pavano led the American League in complete games and shutouts, and was honored by the Minnesota Twins by winning the Joseph W. Haynes Award.
* – Denotes a member of the Baseball Hall of Fame.
‡ – Denotes a pitcher that led the league in shutouts in their rookie year.
Year
Player(s)
Team(s)
Shutouts
1901 Clark Griffith*
Cy Young* Chicago White Sox
Boston Americans 5
1902 Addie Joss* Cleveland Bronchos 5
1903 Cy Young* Boston Americans 7
1904 Cy Young* Boston Americans 10
1905 Ed Killian Detroit Tigers 8
1906 Ed Walsh* Chicago White Sox 10
1907 Eddie Plank* Philadelphia Athletics 10
1908 Ed Walsh* Chicago White Sox 11
1909 Ed Walsh* Chicago White Sox 8
1910 Jack Coombs Philadelphia Athletics 13
1911 Eddie Plank*
Walter Johnson* Philadelphia Athletics
Washington Senators 6
1912 Smoky Joe Wood Boston Red Sox 10
1913 Walter Johnson* Washington Senators 11
1914 Walter Johnson* Washington Senators 9
1915 Jim Scott
Walter Johnson* Chicago White Sox
Washington Senators 7
1916 Babe Ruth* Boston Red Sox 9
1917 Stan Coveleski* Cleveland Indians 9
1918 Carl Mays
Walter Johnson* Boston Red Sox
Washington Senators 8
1919 Walter Johnson* Washington Senators 7
1920 Carl Mays New York Yankees 6
1921 Sad Sam Jones Boston Red Sox 5
1922 George Uhle Cleveland Indians 5
1923 Stan Coveleski* Cleveland Indians 5
1924 Walter Johnson* Washington Senators 6
1925 Ted Lyons* Chicago White Sox 5
1926 Ed Wells Detroit Tigers 4
1927 Hod Lisenbee‡ Washington Senators 4
1928 Herb Pennock* New York Yankees 5
1929 George Blaeholder
General Crowder
Sam Gray
Danny MacFayden St. Louis Browns
St. Louis Browns
St. Louis Browns
Boston Red Sox 4
1930 Clint Brown
George Earnshaw
George Pipgras Cleveland Indians
Philadelphia Athletics
New York Yankees 3
1931 Lefty Grove* Philadelphia Athletics 4
1932 Lefty Grove*
Tommy Bridges Philadelphia Athletics
Detroit Tigers 4
1933 Oral Hildebrand Cleveland Indians 6
1934 Lefty Gomez*
Mel Harder New York Yankees
Cleveland Indians 6
1935 Schoolboy Rowe Detroit Tigers 6
1936 Lefty Grove* Boston Red Sox 6
1937 Lefty Gomez* New York Yankees 6
1938 Lefty Gomez* New York Yankees 4
1939 Red Ruffing* New York Yankees 5
1940 Al Milnar
Bob Feller*
Ted Lyons* Cleveland Indians
Cleveland Indians
Chicago White Sox 4
1941 Bob Feller* Cleveland Indians 6
1942 Tiny Bonham New York Yankees 6
1943 Dizzy Trout
Spud Chandler Detroit Tigers
New York Yankees 5
1944 Dizzy Trout Detroit Tigers 7
1945 Hal Newhouser* Detroit Tigers 8
1946 Bob Feller* Cleveland Indians 10
1947 Bob Feller* Cleveland Indians 5
1948 Bob Lemon Cleveland Indians 10
1949 Ellis Kinder
Virgil Trucks Boston Red Sox
Detroit Tigers 6
1950 Art Houtteman Detroit Tigers 4
1951 Allie Reynolds New York Yankees 7
1952 Allie Reynolds
Mike Garcia New York Yankees
Cleveland Indians 6
1953 Bob Porterfield Washington Senators 9
1954 Mike Garcia
Virgil Trucks Cleveland Indians
Chicago White Sox 5
1955 Billy Hoeft Detroit Tigers 7
1956 Herb Score Cleveland Indians 5
1957 Jim Wilson Chicago White Sox 5
1958 Whitey Ford* New York Yankees 7
1959 Camilo Pascual Washington Senators 6
1960 Early Wynn*
Jim Perry
Whitey Ford* Chicago White Sox
Cleveland Indians
New York Yankees 4
1961 Camilo Pascual
Steve Barber Minnesota Twins
Baltimore Orioles 8
1962 Camilo Pascual
Dick Donovan
Jim Kaat Minnesota Twins
Cleveland Indians
Minnesota Twins 5
1963 Ray Herbert Chicago White Sox 7
1964 Dean Chance Los Angeles Angels 11
1965 Mudcat Grant Minnesota Twins 6
1966 Luis Tiant
Sam McDowell
Tommy John Cleveland Indians
Cleveland Indians
Chicago White Sox 5
1967 Jim McGlothlin
Joe Horlen
Mickey Lolich
Steve Hargan
Tommy John California Angels
Chicago White Sox
Detroit Tigers
Cleveland Indians
Chicago White Sox 6
1968 Luis Tiant Cleveland Indians 9
1969 Denny McLain Detroit Tigers 9
1970 Chuck Dobson
Jim Palmer* Oakland Athletics
Baltimore Orioles 5
1971 Vida Blue Oakland Athletics 8
1972 Nolan Ryan* California Angels 9
1973 Bert Blyleven* Minnesota Twins 9
1974 Luis Tiant Boston Red Sox 7
1975 Jim Palmer* Baltimore Orioles 10
1976 Nolan Ryan* California Angels 7
1977 Frank Tanana California Angels 7
1978 Ron Guidry New York Yankees 9
1979 Dennis Leonard
Mike Flanagan
Nolan Ryan* Kansas City Royals
Baltimore Orioles
California Angels 5
1980 Tommy John New York Yankees 6
1981 [[Fernando Valenzuela 5][Doc Medich]]
Ken Forsch
Richard Dotson
Steve McCatty Texas Rangers
California Angels
Chicago White Sox
Oakland Athletics 4
1982 Dave Stieb Toronto Blue Jays 5
1983 Mike Boddicker Baltimore Orioles 5
1984 Bob Ojeda
Geoff Zahn Boston Red Sox
California Angels 5
1985 Bert Blyleven* Cleveland Indians
Minnesota Twins 5
1986 Jack Morris* Detroit Tigers 6
1987 Roger Clemens Boston Red Sox 7
1988 Roger Clemens Boston Red Sox 8
1989 Bert Blyleven* California Angels 5
1990 Dave Stewart
Roger Clemens Oakland Athletics
Boston Red Sox 4
1991 Roger Clemens Boston Red Sox 5
1992 Roger Clemens Boston Red Sox 5
1993 Jack McDowell Chicago White Sox 4
1994 Randy Johnson* Seattle Mariners 4
1995 Mike Mussina Baltimore Orioles 4
1996 Ken Hill
Pat Hentgen
Rich Robertson Texas Rangers
Toronto Blue Jays
Minnesota Twins 3
1997 Pat Hentgen
Roger Clemens Toronto Blue Jays
Toronto Blue Jays 3
1998 David Wells New York Yankees 5
1999 Scott Erickson Baltimore Orioles 3
2000 Pedro Martínez* Boston Red Sox 4
2001 Mark Mulder Oakland Athletics 4
2002 Jeff Weaver Detroit Tigers
New York Yankees 3
2003 Joel Piñeiro
John Lackey
Mark Mulder
Roy Halladay
Tim Hudson Seattle Mariners
Anaheim Angels
Oakland Athletics
Toronto Blue Jays
Oakland Athletics 2
2004 Jeremy Bonderman
Sidney Ponson
Tim Hudson Detroit Tigers
Baltimore Orioles
Oakland Athletics 2
2005 Jon Garland Chicago White Sox 3
2006 CC Sabathia
Jake Westbrook
Jeremy Sowers‡
John Lackey Cleveland Indians
Cleveland Indians
Cleveland Indians
L.A. Angels of Anaheim 2
2007 Jeff Weaver
John Lackey
José Contreras
Paul Byrd Seattle Mariners
L.A. Angels of Anaheim
Chicago White Sox
Cleveland Indians 2
2008 CC Sabathia
Cliff Lee
James Shields
Jesse Litsch
Jon Lester
Kevin Slowey
Matt Garza
Roy Halladay
Cleveland Indians
Cleveland Indians
Tampa Bay Rays
Toronto Blue Jays
Boston Red Sox
Minnesota Twins
Tampa Bay Rays
Toronto Blue Jays 2
2009 Roy Halladay Toronto Blue Jays 4
2010 Carl Pavano
Dallas Braden Minnesota Twins
Oakland Athletics 2
2011 James Shields
Derek Holland Tampa Bay Rays
Texas Rangers 4
2012 Félix Hernández Seattle Mariners 5
2013 Bartolo Colón
Justin Masterson Oakland Athletics
Cleveland Indians 3
2014 Rick Porcello Detroit Tigers 3
2015 Sonny Gray
Félix Hernández
Dallas Keuchel
Mike Montgomery
Jeff Samardzija Oakland Athletics
Seattle Mariners
Houston Astros
Seattle Mariners
Chicago White Sox 2
2016 Corey Kluber Cleveland Indians 2
2017 Corey Kluber
Ervin Santana Cleveland Indians
Minnesota Twins 3
National League[edit]
Pete Alexander led the National League in shutouts seven times, including a record-tying 16 in 1916. He is the only National League pitcher to lead the league with 10 or more on two occasions.
Old Hoss Radbourn's 11 shutouts in 1884 is the highest number of shutouts to not have led the league. Pud Galvin led the league with 12 shutouts.
Cy Young led the National League four times and the American League three times in shutouts. His career total of 76 is ranked fourth all time.
Hall of Famer Sandy Koufax, led the NL three times
Orel Hershiser's league leading eight shutouts in 1988 for the Los Angeles Dodgers included a Major League record 59 consecutive innings pitched without allowing a run.
Hideo Nomo became the first Asian pitcher to lead the league in shutouts with three on the Los Angeles Dodgers in his rookie season of 1995.
* – Denotes a member of the Baseball Hall of Fame.
‡ – Denotes a pitcher that led the league in shutouts in their rookie year.
Year
Player(s)
Team(s)
Shutouts
1876 George Bradley St. Louis Brown Stockings 16
1877 Tommy Bond Boston Red Caps 6
1878 Tommy Bond Boston Red Caps 9
1879 Tommy Bond Boston Red Caps 11
1880 Monte Ward* Providence Grays 8
1881 George Derby‡ Detroit Wolverines 9
1882 Old Hoss Radbourn* Providence Grays 6
1883 Pud Galvin* Buffalo Bisons 5
1884 Pud Galvin* Buffalo Bisons 12
1885 John Clarkson* Chicago White Stockings 10
1886 Lady Baldwin Detroit Wolverines 7
1887 Dan Casey Philadelphia Quakers 4
1888 Ben Sanders‡
Tim Keefe* Philadelphia Quakers
New York Giants 8
1889 John Clarkson* Boston Beaneaters 8
1890 Kid Nichols‡* Boston Beaneaters 7
1891 Amos Rusie* New York Giants 6
1892 Cy Young* Cleveland Spiders 9
1893 Amos Rusie*
Red Ehret New York Giants
Pittsburgh Pirates 4
1894 Amos Rusie*
Kid Nichols*
Nig Cuppy New York Giants
Boston Beaneaters
Cleveland Spiders 3
1895 Amos Rusie*
Bill Hoffer‡
Cy Young*
Pink Hawley
Sadie McMahon New York Giants
Baltimore Orioles
Cleveland Spiders
Pittsburgh Pirates
Baltimore Orioles 4
1896 Cy Young*
Frank Killen Cleveland Spiders
Pittsburgh Pirates 5
1897 Doc McJames
Win Mercer Washington Senators
Washington Senators 3
1898 Jack Powell
Wiley Piatt‡ Cleveland Spiders
Philadelphia Phillies 6
1899 Vic Willis Boston Beaneaters 5
1900 Clark Griffith*
Cy Young*
Kid Nichols*
Noodles Hahn Chicago Orphans
St. Louis Perfectos
Boston Beaneaters
Cincinnati Reds 4
1901 Al Orth
Jack Chesbro*
Vic Willis* Philadelphia Phillies
Pittsburgh Pirates
Boston Beaneaters 6
1902 Christy Mathewson*
Jack Chesbro*
Jack Taylor New York Giants
Pittsburgh Pirates
Chicago Cubs 8
1903 Sam Leever Pittsburgh Pirates 7
1904 Joe McGinnity* New York Giants 9
1905 Christy Mathewson* New York Giants 8
1906 Mordecai Brown* Chicago Cubs 9
1907 Christy Mathewson*
Orval Overall New York Giants
Chicago Cubs 8
1908 Christy Mathewson* New York Giants 11
1909 Orval Overall Chicago Cubs 9
1910 Al Mattern
Earl Moore
Mordecai Brown*
Nap Rucker Boston Braves
Philadelphia Phillies
Chicago Cubs
Brooklyn Superbas 6
1911 Pete Alexander* Philadelphia Phillies 7
1912 Marty O'Toole
Nap Rucker Pittsburgh Pirates
Brooklyn Trolley Dodgers 6
1913 Pete Alexander* Philadelphia Phillies 9
1914 Jeff Tesreau New York Giants 8
1915 Pete Alexander* Philadelphia Phillies 12
1916 Pete Alexander* Philadelphia Phillies 16
1917 Pete Alexander* Philadelphia Phillies 8
1918 Hippo Vaughn Chicago Cubs 8
1919 Pete Alexander* Chicago Cubs 9
1920 Babe Adams Pittsburgh Pirates 8
1921 Clarence Mitchell
Dana Fillingim
Dolf Luque
Jesse Haines*
Joe Oeschger
Johnny Morrison
Pete Alexander*
Phil Douglas Brooklyn Robins
Boston Braves
Cincinnati Reds
St. Louis Cardinals
Boston Braves
Pittsburgh Pirates
Chicago Cubs
New York Giants 3
1922 Dazzy Vance*
Johnny Morrison Brooklyn Robins
Pittsburgh Pirates 5
1923 Dolf Luque Cincinnati Reds 6
1924 Allen Sothoron
Emil Yde‡
Eppa Rixey*
Jesse Barnes
Ray Kremer‡
Wilbur Cooper St. Louis Cardinals
Pittsburgh Pirates
Cincinnati Reds
Boston Braves
Pittsburgh Pirates
Pittsburgh Pirates 4
1925 Dazzy Vance*
Dolf Luque
Hal Carlson Brooklyn Robins
Cincinnati Reds
Philadelphia Phillies 4
1926 Pete Donohue Cincinnati Reds 5
1927 Jesse Haines* St. Louis Cardinals 6
1928 Burleigh Grimes*
Dazzy Vance*
Doug McWeeny
Red Lucas
Sheriff Blake Pittsburgh Pirates
Brooklyn Robins
Brooklyn Robins
Cincinnati Reds
Chicago Cubs 4
1929 Pat Malone Chicago Cubs 5
1930 Charlie Root
Dazzy Vance* Chicago Cubs
Brooklyn Robins 4
1931 Bill Walker New York Giants 6
1932 Dizzy Dean*
Lon Warneke
Steve Swetonic St. Louis Cardinals
Chicago Cubs
Pittsburgh Pirates 4
1933 Carl Hubbell* New York Giants 10
1934 Dizzy Dean* St. Louis Cardinals 7
1935 Cy Blanton
Freddie Fitzsimmons
Big Jim Weaver
Larry French
Van Lingle Mungo Pittsburgh Pirates
New York Giants
Pittsburgh Pirates
Chicago Cubs
Brooklyn Dodgers 4
1936 Al Smith
Bill Lee
Bucky Walters
Cy Blanton
Larry French
Lon Warneke
Tex Carleton New York Giants
Chicago Cubs
Philadelphia Phillies
Pittsburgh Pirates
Chicago Cubs
Chicago Cubs
Chicago Cubs 4
1937 Jim Turner‡
Lee Grissom
Lou Fette‡ Boston Bees
Cincinnati Reds
Boston Bees 5
1938 Bill Lee Chicago Cubs 9
1939 Lou Fette Boston Bees 6
1940 Manny Salvo
Whit Wyatt Boston Bees
Brooklyn Dodgers 5
1941 Whit Wyatt Brooklyn Dodgers 7
1942 Mort Cooper St. Louis Cardinals 10
1943 Hiram Bithorn Chicago Cubs 7
1944 Mort Cooper St. Louis Cardinals 7
1945 Claude Passeau Chicago Cubs 5
1946 Ewell Blackwell
Harry Brecheen Cincinnati Reds
St. Louis Cardinals 5
1947 Warren Spahn* Boston Braves 7
1948 Harry Brecheen St. Louis Cardinals 7
1949 Don Newcombe‡
Howie Pollet
Ken Heintzelman
Ken Raffensberger Brooklyn Dodgers
St. Louis Cardinals
Philadelphia Phillies
Cincinnati Reds 5
1950 Jim Hearn
Larry Jansen
Robin Roberts*
Sal Maglie Cardinals / N.Y. Giants
New York Giants
Philadelphia Phillies
New York Giants 5
1951 Warren Spahn* Boston Braves 7
1952 Curt Simmons
Ken Raffensberger Philadelphia Phillies
Cincinnati Reds 6
1953 Harvey Haddix St. Louis Cardinals 6
1954 Johnny Antonelli New York Giants 6
1955 Joe Nuxhall Cincinnati Redlegs 5
1956 Lew Burdette Milwaukee Braves 6
1957 Johnny Podres Brooklyn Dodgers 6
1958 Carl Willey‡ Milwaukee Braves 4
1959 Bob Buhl
Don Drysdale*
Johnny Antonelli
Lew Burdette
Roger Craig
Sam Jones
Warren Spahn* Milwaukee Braves
Los Angeles Dodgers
San Francisco Giants
Milwaukee Braves
Los Angeles Dodgers
San Francisco Giants
Milwaukee Braves 4
1960 Jack Sanford San Francisco Giants 6
1961 Joey Jay
Warren Spahn* Cincinnati Reds
Milwaukee Braves 4
1962 Bob Friend
Bob Gibson* Pittsburgh Pirates
St. Louis Cardinals 5
1963 Sandy Koufax* Los Angeles Dodgers 11
1964 Sandy Koufax* Los Angeles Dodgers 7
1965 Juan Marichal* San Francisco Giants 10
1966 Bob Gibson*
Jim Bunning*
Jim Maloney
Larry Jackson
Larry Jaster
Sandy Koufax* St. Louis Cardinals
Philadelphia Phillies
Cincinnati Reds
Chicago Cubs / Phillies
St. Louis Cardinals
Los Angeles Dodgers 5
1967 Jim Bunning* Philadelphia Phillies 6
1968 Bob Gibson* St. Louis Cardinals 13
1969 Juan Marichal* San Francisco Giants 8
1970 Gaylord Perry* San Francisco Giants 5
1971 Al Downing
Bob Gibson*
Milt Pappas
Steve Blass Los Angeles Dodgers
St. Louis Cardinals
Chicago Cubs
Pittsburgh Pirates 5
1972 Don Sutton* Los Angeles Dodgers 9
1973 Jack Billingham Cincinnati Reds 7
1974 Jon Matlack New York Mets 7
1975 Andy Messersmith Los Angeles Dodgers 7
1976 John Montefusco
Jon Matlack San Francisco Giants
New York Mets 6
1977 Tom Seaver* New York Mets / Reds 7
1978 Bob Knepper San Francisco Giants 6
1979 Joe Niekro
Steve Rogers
Tom Seaver* Houston Astros
Montreal Expos
Cincinnati Reds 5
1980 Jerry Reuss Los Angeles Dodgers 6
1981 Fernando Valenzuela‡ Los Angeles Dodgers 8
1982 Steve Carlton* Philadelphia Phillies 6
1983 Steve Rogers Montreal Expos 5
1984 Alejandro Peña
Joaquín Andújar
Orel Hershiser Los Angeles Dodgers
St. Louis Cardinals
Los Angeles Dodgers 4
1985 John Tudor St. Louis Cardinals 10
1986 Bob Knepper
Mike Scott Houston Astros
Houston Astros 5
1987 Bob Welch
Rick Reuschel Los Angeles Dodgers
Pittsburgh Pirates / Giants 4
1988 Orel Hershiser Los Angeles Dodgers 8
1989 Tim Belcher Los Angeles Dodgers 8
1990 Bruce Hurst
Mike Morgan San Diego Padres
Los Angeles Dodgers 4
1991 Dennis Martínez Montreal Expos 5
1992 David Cone
Tom Glavine* New York Mets
Atlanta Braves 5
1993 Pete Harnisch Houston Astros 4
1994 Greg Maddux*
Ramón Martínez Atlanta Braves
Los Angeles Dodgers 3
1995 Greg Maddux*
Hideo Nomo‡ Atlanta Braves
Los Angeles Dodgers 3
1996 Kevin Brown Florida Marlins 3
1997 Carlos Pérez Montreal Expos 5
1998 Greg Maddux* Atlanta Braves 5
1999 Andy Ashby San Diego Padres 3
2000 Greg Maddux*
Randy Johnson* Atlanta Braves
Arizona Diamondbacks 3
2001 Greg Maddux*
Javier Vázquez Atlanta Braves
Montreal Expos 3
2002 A. J. Burnett Florida Marlins 5
2003 Jason Schmidt
Kevin Millwood
Matt Morris San Francisco Giants
Philadelphia Phillies
St. Louis Cardinals 3
2004 Cory Lidle
Jason Schmidt Cincinnati Reds / Phillies
San Francisco Giants 3
2005 Dontrelle Willis Florida Marlins 5
2006 Brandon Webb
Chris Carpenter Arizona Diamondbacks
St. Louis Cardinals 3
2007 Brandon Webb Arizona Diamondbacks 3
2008 Ben Sheets
CC Sabathia Milwaukee Brewers
Milwaukee Brewers 3
2009 Bronson Arroyo
Cole Hamels
J. A. Happ
Joel Piñeiro
Tim Lincecum Cincinnati Reds
Philadelphia Phillies
Philadelphia Phillies
St. Louis Cardinals
San Francisco Giants 2
2010 Roy Halladay Philadelphia Phillies 5
2011 Cliff Lee Philadelphia Phillies 6
2012 R.A. Dickey New York Mets 3
2013 Clayton Kershaw
Adam Wainwright
Jordan Zimmermann Los Angeles Dodgers
St. Louis Cardinals
Washington Nationals 2
2014 Henderson Álvarez
Adam Wainwright Miami Marlins
St. Louis Cardinals 3
2015 Jake Arrieta
Clayton Kershaw
Max Scherzer Chicago Cubs
Los Angeles Dodgers
Washington Nationals 3
2016 Clayton Kershaw Los Angeles Dodgers 3
2017 Carlos Martínez St. Louis Cardinals 2
American Association[edit]
Ed Morris set the American Association record with 12 shutouts in 1886.
Year
Player(s)
Team(s)
Shutouts
1882 Will White Cincinnati Red Stockings 8
1883 Jumbo McGinnis
Will White St. Louis Brown Stockings
Cincinnati Red Stockings 6
1884 Tony Mullane
Will White Toledo Blue Stockings
Cincinnati Red Stockings 7
1885 Ed Morris Pittsburg Alleghenys 7
1886 Ed Morris Pittsburg Alleghenys 12
1887 Matt Kilroy
Tony Mullane Baltimore Orioles
Cincinnati Red Stockings 6
1888 Ed Seward
Silver King Philadelphia Athletics
St. Louis Browns 6
1889 Bob Caruthers Brooklyn Bridegrooms 7
1890 Elton Chamberlain St. Louis Browns
Columbus Solons 6
1891 George Haddock
Phil Knell
Sadie McMahon Boston Reds
Columbus Solons
Baltimore Orioles 5
Federal League[edit]
Year
Player(s)
Team(s)
Shutouts
1914 Cy Falkenberg Indianapolis Hoosiers 9
1915 Dave Davenport St. Louis Terriers 10
Players' League[edit]
Year
Player(s)
Team(s)
Shutouts
1890 Silver King Chicago Pirates 4
Union Association[edit]
Year
Player(s)
Team(s)
Shutouts
1884 Jim McCormick Cincinnati Outlaw Reds 7
National Association[edit]
Albert Spalding of the Boston Red Stockings tied the National Association leaders in shutouts during four of the league's five seasons.
* – Denotes a member of the Baseball Hall of Fame.
‡ – Denotes a pitcher that led the league in shutouts in their rookie year.
Year
Player(s)
Team(s)
Shutouts
1871 Albert Spalding‡*
Bobby Mathews‡
Cherokee Fisher‡
Rynie Wolters‡ Boston Red Stockings
Fort Wayne Kekiongas
Rockford Forest Citys
New York Mutuals 1
1872 Albert Spalding*
Candy Cummings‡* Boston Red Stockings
New York Mutuals 3
1873 Dick McBride Philadelphia Athletics 3
1874 Albert Spalding*
Bobby Mathews Boston Red Stockings
New York Mutuals 4
1875 Albert Spalding*
Candy Cummings*
George Zettlein Boston Red Stockings
Hartford Dark Blues
Chicago / Philadelphia 7
References[edit]
Baseball-Reference.com
[hide]
v
t
e
Major League Baseball records
Baseball statistics (types of records)
General
Record holders
Single-game records
Single-season records
Record breakers by season
Records considered unbreakable
Batting
leaders
Career
Batting average
On-base percentage
Times on base
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OPS
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3,000 club
Progressive
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Home runs
500 club
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Annual
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Misc
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Hits
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leaders
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Game
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Misc
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Runs
Pitching
leaders
Career
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300 club
Losses
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Innings pitched
Strikeouts
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Saves
Complete games
Shutouts
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Longest winning streaks
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Major_League_Baseball_annual_shutout_leaders&oldid=815304377"
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values: List of Major League Baseball players to hit for the cycle

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values: List of Major League Baseball hit records

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values: List of Major League Baseball annual runs scored leaders

values: List of Major League Baseball annual stolen base leaders

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values: List of Major League Baseball stolen base records

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