text:
Once Upon a Time (The Prisoner)
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"Once Upon a Time"
The Prisoner episode
Episode no.
Season 1
Episode 16
Directed by
Patrick McGoohan
Written by
Patrick McGoohan
Production code
13
Original air date
25 January 1968
Guest appearance(s)
Number Two: Leo McKern
Episode chronology
← Previous
"The Girl Who Was Death" Next →
"Fall Out"
"Once Upon a Time" is the title of the 16th episode of the British science fiction-allegorical series, The Prisoner, starring Patrick McGoohan as Number Six. It originally aired in the UK on ITV on 25 January 1968 and was first broadcast in the United States on CBS on 14 September 1968.
This episode was filmed sixth in the series' production run.[citation needed]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot summary
2 Additional guest cast
3 Behind the scenes
4 Homages
5 References
5.1 Bibliography
6 External links
Plot summary[edit]
The Number Two from the prior episode "The Chimes of Big Ben" (Leo McKern) returns to the Village. He calls his superiors and obtains permission to undertake a dangerous technique called "Degree Absolute" in a final attempt to break Number Six and learn why he resigned from his position as an intelligence agent. Number Six is put into a trance state, causing his mind to regress back to his childhood. He is taken to the "Embryo Room", deep below the Green Dome, filled with various props, as well as a caged room that contains living space and a kitchen. He, Number Two, and the Butler (Angelo Muscat) are subsequently locked into the room via a timer that will unlock the room after one week.
Number Two begins to use regressive therapy following Shakespeare's Seven Ages of Man, using the various props to enact a series of psychodramas, with Number Two playing the authority figure (e.g., father, headmaster, employer) and Number Six the subject (child, student, employee). Each drama is aimed at trying to make Number Six explain why he resigned. During the first six of these, Number Two finds Number Six has developed an aversion to saying the word "six". Number Two also comes to like and respect Number Six as he learns more about him.
On the final day, Number Two enacts the role of military jailer, harshly interrogating Number Six as a prisoner of war. Number Two's efforts seem to have effect as Number Two starts to blather on reasons for resigning, but he becomes concerned when Number Six says he knew too much, including about Number Two. Number Two becomes agitated, and Number Six continues to call him a fool and an idiot. Suddenly, Number Six starts counting down from "six", and by the time he's reached zero, has regained full control of his mind. Already exhausted from his efforts, Number Two is shocked and collapses. He explains to Number Six that Degree Absolute, a well-known psychiatric technique, has its risks to the one performing the therapy if they have their own psychological problems. Number Six shows his understanding in a brief role reversal (by asking Number Two "Why don't you resign?"), much to Number Two's delighted amusement.
Number Two recovers and joyfully offers Number Six a tour of the Embryo Room. They end at the door timer, finding only five minutes remain before the room unlocks. Number Two becomes scared and pleads with Number Six to tell him why he resigned. Number Six remains quiet as Number Two goes to the kitchen area and pours them both a glass of wine. Number Six suddenly closes the door to the caged area, locking a panicked Number Two inside. The Butler takes the key from Number Two. Number Two paces the caged area while a voice screams "Die, Six, die!", until the timer runs out. Number Two falls over, apparently dead. The door to the Embryo room opens where the Supervisor (Peter Swanwick) waits. He tells Number Six they will need the body and then asks Number Six what he wants. Number Six only replies "Number One", and the Supervisor offers to take him there. He, Number Six, and the Butler depart the room.
Additional guest cast[edit]
Supervisor: Peter Swanwick
Umbrella man: John Cazabon
Number Eighty-Six: John Maxim (scene deleted)
Behind the scenes[edit]
"Once Upon a Time" was originally reported to be the final episode of the first of two seasons of thirteen episodes, but when ITC and McGoohan renegotiated to make just seventeen episodes, the closing was refilmed and it was held back to become the first half of a two-part series finale.[1] However, the purported original script has been published, containing that ending.[2]
Angelo Muscat (the Butler) receives "Guest Star" billing in this episode.
According to The Prisoner: The Official Companion to the Classic TV Series by Robert Fairclough, the strain of filming this episode caused McKern to suffer either a nervous breakdown or a heart attack (accounts differ), forcing production to stop for a time.
A number of fans who speculate that Number Six is in fact John Drake from McGoohan's earlier series, Danger Man usually reference this episode. They claim that Number Two says "Report to my study in the morning, Drake!" when in fact he really says "Report to my study in the morning break."
Number Six's demeanor in this episode is significantly different from previous episodes. Previously, his initial fury and apprehension of the Village transitioned into a suave, obstinate rebelliousness and he carried himself with assurance and certainty in resisting the Village. But in this episode he reverts to the edgy and tense, pacing back and forth in his kitchen without his accustomed coolness. His interactions with the Villagers have become bizarre; for example, he accosts the Umbrella Man who seems eager to avoid him. As "Once Upon a Time" was shot among the first 13 episodes, and held back as a potential end-season cliffhanger, it may be that plans to develop Six's characterization to this state were curtailed by the sudden cancellation. However, the published collection of all the series' original scripts indicates there was no re-purposing of this episode.
John Maxim's brief scene as Number Eighty-Six was cut from the episode. He is however still listed in the credits.
Contrary to all other uses of the distinctive font (a slightly modified form of Albertus) for the show's titles and credits as well as throughout the Village's signage, there is a dot on the "i" of the word "Time" in the title card of this episode.
A working title of this episode was called "Degree Absolute"
According to "Don't Knock Yourself Out": During production and filming of the episode both actors portraying Number Six and Number Two became totally engrossed in their roles and almost achieved a near-psychotic state (cited by various people, including Leo McKern).
Homages[edit]
In the penultimate episode of season 2 of Babylon 5, "Comes the Inquisitor" (1995), there is an extended sequence that is an homage to this episode. It is shot and written and directed to deliberately evoke the same feeling.[citation needed]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ White, Matthew & Jaffer Ali, The Official Prisoner Companion, Warner Books, 1988.
Jump up ^ Fairclough, Robert (editor), The Prisoner: The Original Scripts, Vol. 2, Reynolds & Hearn, 2006.
Bibliography[edit]
Fairclough, Robert (ed.). The Prisoner: The Original Scripts. vol. 2. foreword by Roger Parkes. Reynolds & Hearn. ISBN 978-1-903111-81-9. OCLC 61145235. – script of episode
External links[edit]
The Prisoner: Once Upon a Time on IMDb
[hide]
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The Prisoner
Episodes
"Arrival"
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"The General"
"Many Happy Returns"
"Dance of the Dead"
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"Hammer into Anvil"
"It's Your Funeral"
"A Change of Mind"
"Do Not Forsake Me Oh My Darling"
"Living in Harmony"
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"Once Upon a Time"
"Fall Out"
Characters
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Related
The Prisoner (2009)
Portmeirion
The Village
Popular culture
Other media
Video game
Shattered Visage
Rover
Opening and closing sequences
Danger Man
John Drake
"The Computer Wore Menace Shoes"
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Black Elk Peak
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Black Elk Peak
Black Elk Peak from Palmer Gulch (August 2006)
Highest point
Elevation
7,244 ft (2,208 m) NAVD 88[1]
Prominence
2,922 ft (891 m) [2]
Listing
North America isolated peaks 87th
U.S. state high point 15th
Coordinates
43°51′57″N 103°31′57″W / 43.865847725°N 103.532431997°W / 43.865847725; -103.532431997Coordinates: 43°51′57″N 103°31′57″W / 43.865847725°N 103.532431997°W / 43.865847725; -103.532431997 [1]
Geography
Black Elk Peak
Pennington County, South Dakota, U.S.
Parent range
Black Hills
Topo map
USGS Custer
Climbing
First ascent
July 24, 1875 by Valentine McGillycuddy and party[3]
Easiest route
hike, Trail 9[4]
Southwestern South Dakota
Sculpture
Mount Rushmore (National Memorial)
Crazy Horse
Geologic formations
Badlands (National Park)
Bear Butte (National Historic Landmark)
Needles
Black Hills
Spearfish Canyon
Mountains
Black Elk Peak
Iron Mountain
Caves
Wind Cave (National Park)
Jewel Cave (National Monument)
Forests and wildernesses
Custer (State Park)
Black Hills (National Forest)
Black Elk (Wilderness)
Buffalo Gap (National Grassland)
Lakes
Sylvan
Pactola
v
t
e

Black Elk Peak (formerly Harney Peak) is the highest natural point in South Dakota, United States. It lies in the Black Elk Wilderness area, in southern Pennington County, in the Black Hills National Forest.[2] The peak lies 3.7 mi (6.0 km) west-southwest of Mount Rushmore.[5] At 7,242 feet (2,207 m),[1] it has been described by the Board on Geographical Names as the highest summit in the United States east of the Rocky Mountains. It is also known as Hiŋháŋ Káǧa (in Lakota).
The U.S. Board on Geographic Names, which has jurisdiction in federal lands, officially changed the mountain's name from "Harney Peak" to "Black Elk Peak" on August 11, 2016, honoring Black Elk, the noted Lakota Sioux medicine man for whom the Wilderness Area is named.[6]
Professional but unofficial measurements in 2016 found the highest natural rock to be at 7,231.32 feet (2,204.11 m) NAVD88 and the nearby secondary peak slightly lower at 7,229.41 feet (2,203.52 m).[7][8]
Contents
[hide]
1 Hiŋháŋ Káǧa
2 History
3 Hiking
4 Gallery
5 See also
6 Notes
7 References
8 External links
Hiŋháŋ Káǧa[edit]
This peak was called Hiŋháŋ Káǧa ("Owl maker", after rock formations that look like owls[9] and the association of owls with impending death by the Lakota Sioux).[10] They dominated this region and occupied the territory at the time of European colonization. They considered it a sacred site within the Black Hills, which they call Pahá Sápa and Ȟé Sápa.[10]
The mountain was named Harney Peak in 1855 by American Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren in honor of US General William S. Harney, his commander in a regional military expedition. In punitive retaliation for other Sioux raids, in September 1855 Harney's forces killed Brulé Sioux warriors, women and children in what Americans called the Battle of Blue Water Creek in Garden County, Nebraska.[6]
Harney later commanded the United States military in the Black Hills area in the late 1870s.[11] The Lakota have tried to get the name of the peak changed for 50 years,[12] as Harney had massacred their people.[13]
In 2014 the Sioux renewed their effort to get the name changed, in an effort led by Basil Brave Heart of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. A Korean War veteran, he felt that Harney had not honored the military with his action.[6][13]
Some Lakota requested state officials in 2015 to reinstate their original name Hinhan Kaga for the peak. The Lakota Council of the Pine Ridge Reservation and descendants of Black Elk, a noted medicine man, supported naming it for him, as the national wilderness area around the peak is named for the shaman.[12]
He became known beyond the Lakota in part through the book Black Elk Speaks (1932), written by John G. Neihardt from long talks with the shaman.[14][15] South Dakota Governor Dennis Daugaard opposed the name change, as did other state officials, and no action was taken in 2015.
The U.S. Board on Geographic Names officially changed the mountain's name from "Harney Peak" to "Black Elk Peak" on August 11, 2016, by a unanimous vote of 12–0, with one abstention.[6][11] On August 18, 2016, Gov. Daugaard announced that the state would accept the new name.[16]
History[edit]
Hinhan Kaga and the Black Hills were protected within the Great Sioux Reservation established by the United States government in the Treaty of Fort Laramie in 1868; it covered most of the territory west of the Missouri River in South Dakota (the area now called West River). American settlement was concentrated east of the river, where there was more water for farming.
The first Americans believed to have reached the summit were a party led by General George Armstrong Custer in 1874, during the Black Hills expedition. He was looking for gold.[17] The federal government took back the Black Hills and another strip of land in a new treaty in 1877. More than a decade later, it broke up the Great Sioux Reservation in 1889 into five smaller reservations, the same year that North Dakota and South Dakota were admitted as states to the Union. The government made some 9 million acres of former Lakota land available for purchase for ranching and homesteading. Most American settlement in West River did not start until the early 20th century. The area attracted many European immigrants as well as migrants from the East.
Black Elk Peak is the site where Black Elk (Lakota Sioux) received his "Great Vision" when nine years old. He later became a medicine man known for his wisdom. Late in life, he returned to the peak accompanied by writer John Neihardt. Black Elk was sharing much of his life and philosophy with Neihardt through long talks translated by his son. Neihardt tried to express the medicine man's wisdom in his book Black Elk Speaks (1932).[note 1]
Neihardt recorded Black Elk's words about his vision as follows:
"I was standing on the highest mountain of them all, and round about beneath me was the whole hoop of the world," he is quoted as saying. "And while I stood there I saw more than I can tell and I understood more than I saw; for I was seeing in a sacred manner the shapes of all things in the spirit, and the shape of all shapes as they must live together like one being."[18]
American settlers used Black Elk Peak as a fire lookout tower in 1911, with a wood crate placed at the summit for a seat. In 1920, a 12'x12' wood structure was built, and it was expanded to 16'x16' the following year. The federal Civilian Conservation Corps enlisted local men and completed construction of a stone fire tower in 1938, one of numerous projects in the state during the Great Depression. The Harney Peak fire tower was last staffed in 1967.[19]
A United States post office was operated at Black Elk Peak from 1936 until 1942, and again from 1945 until 1946.[20] The Harney Peak post office was reportedly one of the "most elevated post offices in the United States".[21]
In May 2015 the South Dakota Board of Geographic Names recommended renaming Harney Peak as Hinhan Kaga, to remove the name of a commander known for massacring Sioux women and children at the Battle of Blue Water Creek [22] and to honor the original Lakota name for the mountain.[9] At the end of the following month, the board reversed the recommendation that the peak be renamed saying that "there was no public consensus on a new name."[22] The Lakota were divided on a preferred name, and Republican Governor Dennis Daugaard and some other Americans opposed any name change.[6]
The recommendation for renaming went to the federal US Board on Geographic Names.[23] The federal board acknowledged that the name was of concern to the Lakota, and its spokesman said, "In this case, the board felt that the name was derogatory or offensive, being that it was on a holy site of the Native Americans."[6] In a decision published August 11, 2016, the United States Board on Geographic Names adopted the name "Black Elk Peak."[24]
Hiking[edit]
The summit can be reached from Sylvan Lake, Camp Remington, Highway 244, Palmer Creek Rd., Mount Rushmore, or Horse Thief Lake. From the trailhead at Sylvan Lake in Custer State Park, to the summit and back is about 7 miles (11 km).[4] This is the shortest, least strenuous, and most popular route. No permit is required for use of the first portion of the trail. However, the United States Forest Service requires hikers to obtain a permit at a self-service kiosk located at the entrance to the Black Elk Wilderness area en route to the summit.[25]
An old stone tower, once used as a fire lookout tower, is located at the summit. The ashes of Valentine McGillycuddy were interred near the base of the tower and a plaque reads, "Valentine McGillycuddy, Wasicu Wakan." Wasicu Wakan is Lakota for "Holy White Man."[26]
Gallery[edit]
Granite Knob and Harney's Peak, by William H. Illingworth, 1874
View from the top of the Black Elk Peak lookout tower.
Fire lookout tower at the summit.
A Mountain goat near the top of Black Elk Peak.
A man-made dam is located near the summit.
See also[edit]
Geography portal
South Dakota portal
Mountains portal
List of U.S. states by elevation
List of mountains in South Dakota
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ See chapter 3 and the Author's Postscript of Black Elk Speaks, Bison Books, 2004.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "Harney". NGS data sheet. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Retrieved 2008-11-08.
^ Jump up to: a b "Harney Peak, South Dakota". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2008-12-29.
Jump up ^ James R. Macdonald, Ph.D (2009). "Museum of Geology: History". Rapid City, South Dakota: South Dakota School of Mines & Technology. Retrieved 2012-11-10.
^ Jump up to: a b "Harney Area Trailheads". South Dakota Fish, Game and Parks. Retrieved 2012-11-10.
Jump up ^ Mount Rushmore, South Dakota, 30x60 Minute Topographic Quadrangle, USGS, 1977
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f David Rooks, "Breaking: Black Elk Peak Soars Above The He Sapa, No Longer Harney Peak", Indian Country Today, 12 August 2016; accessed 12 August 2016
Jump up ^ Jerry Penry. "Harney Peak's Elevation". Retrieved 2016-12-19.
Jump up ^ Tupper, Seth (2016-12-26). "How South Dakota's high point ended up shorter than thought". Rapid City Journal. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
^ Jump up to: a b Carrie Moore (2015). "Hill City Prevailer-News". Hill City Prevailer-News. Archived from the original on 2015-10-18. Retrieved 2015-06-04.
^ Jump up to: a b Steve Russell, "Names Have Power: Denali and Other Colonist Lies", Indian Country Today, 4 September 2015; accessed 4 November 2016
^ Jump up to: a b "Black Elk Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Stu Whitney, "Whitney: In defense of Black Elk Peak", Argus Leader, 12 August 2016; accessed 15 August 2016
^ Jump up to: a b David Rooks, "Black Elk Peak ‘Answer to Many Prayers’: Basil Brave Heart", Indian Country Today, 15 August 2016; accessed 15 August 2016
Jump up ^ Nord, James (May 1, 2015). "Activists work for Native American-friendly site names". The Elkhart Truth. Associated Press. [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ Louwagie, Lacey (July 6, 2015). "Despite Objections, 'Harney Peak' Name Stays". Courthouse News Service.
Jump up ^ Tupper, Seth (19 August 2016). "Gov: State won't fight Harney rename". Rapid City Journal. pp. A1.
Jump up ^ Connell, Evan S. (1984). Son Of The Morning Star. San Francisco, California: North Point Press. pp. 237–238. ISBN 0-86547-160-6.
Jump up ^ "Harney Peak". SouthDakota.com. Retrieved 2012-11-10.
Jump up ^ Saum, Bradley D. (2013). Harney Peak Revealed. Createspace. pp. 34–36. ISBN 9781478316756.
Jump up ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Harney Peak Post Office (historical)
Jump up ^ Federal Writers' Project (1940). South Dakota place-names, v.1–3. University of South Dakota. p. 40.
^ Jump up to: a b South Dakota Board of Geographic Names (2015). "Harney Peak Written Public Comments" (PDF). South Dakota Board of Geographic Names. Retrieved 2015-06-04.
Jump up ^ "In Reversal, SD Board Would Keep Harney Peak Name". Pierre, SD: Associated Press. 29 June 2015. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
Jump up ^ Nord, James (11 August 2016). "Feds Rename South Dakota's Highest Peak to Black Elk Peak". ABC News. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
Jump up ^ "Harney Peak". SummitPost.org. Retrieved 2012-11-12.
Jump up ^ "McGillycuddy House at the heart of city history". Retrieved 2012-11-12.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Black Elk Peak.
Regenold, Stephen (2008-04-02). "High in the Black Hills, as Seasons Turn". The New York Times.
"Facts About Harney Peak". Climbing.About.com.

[show]
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The 107 most isolated major summits of the United States of America
Denali
Mauna Kea
Mount Whitney
Mount Mitchell
Mount Washington
Mount Rainier
Mount Elbert
Shishaldin Volcano
Tanaga Volcano
Mount Isto
Signal Hill
Mount Shasta
Gannett Peak
Mount Osborn
Mount Igikpak
Humphreys Peak
Wheeler Peak
Mount Vsevidof
Mount Veniaminof
Kawaikini
Dillingham HP
Hall Island HP
Spruce Knob
Kings Peak
Sierra Blanca Peak
San Gorgonio Mountain
Katahdin
Peak 4030
Tooth Benchmark
Mount Baldy
Borah Peak
Cloud Peak
Black Elk Peak
Slide Mountain
Mount Griggs
Charleston Peak
Junipero Serra Peak
Mount Baker
Mount Marcy
Mount Hayes
Mount Marcus Baker
Sacajawea Peak
Steens Mountain
Mount Fairweather
Delano Peak
Mount Olympus
Black Mountain
Blanca Peak
Mount Tozi
Mount Cleveland
Mount Jefferson
Mount Torbert
Mount Chiginagak
Hualapai Peak
Baldy Peak
Ruby Dome
Pavlof Volcano
Truuli Peak
South Baldy
Great Sitkin Volcano
Eagle Peak
Mount Taylor
Accomplishment Peak
Granite Peak
Kiska Volcano
Korovin Volcano
Uncompahgre Peak
Devils Paw
Kaʻala
Koniag Peak
Cache Peak
Makushin Volcano
Snowshoe Peak
Mount Pinos
Granite Peak
Mount Graham
West Butte
Guadalupe Peak
Veniaminof Peak
McDonald Peak
Hilgard Peak
Haleakalā
Mount Nebo
Tweedy Mountain
Blackburn Hills
Buldir Volcano
Mount Peale
Mount Tom White
Cinnabar Mountain
Mount McLoughlin
Lassen Peak
Clingmans Dome
Kaibab Plateau HP
Anvil Peak
Grand Teton
Star Peak
Laramie Peak
White Mountain Peak
Miller Peak
Kusilvak HP
Copernicus Peak
Sugarloaf Mountain
Chiricahua Peak
Mount Harper
Mount Angayukaqsraq
Mount Prindle
Bearpaw Baldy
[show]
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Highest Natural Points of U.S. States and Selected Additional Areas
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

Additional Areas
American Samoa
District of Columbia
Guam
Northern Mariana Islands
Puerto Rico
U.S. Virgin Islands
[show]
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Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming
Attractions
Bear Butte
Black Elk Wilderness
Black Hills Central Railroad
Black Hills National Forest
Black Elk Peak
Black Hills Playhouse
Chapel in the Hills
Crazy Horse Memorial
Custer State Park
Devils Tower
Dinosaur Park
Flintstones Bedrock City
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Mountains of South Dakota
Black Hills
Bear Butte
Bear Mountain
Black Elk Peak
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Elk Mountains
Iron Mountain
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Black Horse Butte
Castle Rock Butte
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Hump Butte
Polo Peak
Turtle Butte
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black_Elk_Peak&oldid=817179937"
Categories:
Mountains of South Dakota
Black Hills
Religious places of the indigenous peoples of North America
Landforms of Pennington County, South Dakota
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Highest points of U.S. states
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North American 2000 m summits
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