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Wisconsin Legislature
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Wisconsin State Legislature
Type
Type
Bicameral
Houses
Senate
Assembly
Leadership
President of the Senate
Rodger Roth (R)
Since January 5, 2015
Senate Majority Leader
Scott L. Fitzgerald (R)
Since January 8, 2013
Speaker of the Assembly
Robin Vos (R)
Since January 7, 2013
Assembly Majority Leader
Jim Steineke (R)
Since January 5, 2015
Structure
Seats
132 voting members:
33 Senators
99 Representatives
Senate political groups
Republican (20)[1]
Democratic (13)
Assembly political groups
Republican (64)[2]
Democratic (35)
Authority
Article IV, Wisconsin Constitution
Salary
$50,950 + $153 per diem
Elections
Senate last election
November 8, 2016
Senate next election
November 6, 2018
Meeting place
Wisconsin State Capitol, Madison
Website
http://www.legis.wisconsin.gov
The Wisconsin Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The Legislature is a bicameral body composed of the upper house Wisconsin State Senate and the lower Wisconsin State Assembly, both of which have had Republican majorities since January 2011. With both houses combined, the legislature has 132 members representing an equal number of constituent districts. The Legislature convenes at the state capitol in Madison.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Membership
2.1 Qualifications and terms
2.2 Officers
2.3 Salary and benefits
3 Rules and procedures
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
History[edit]
The land that would become Wisconsin became part of the United States in 1783 and was first organized under the Northwest Ordinance. It became the Wisconsin Territory in 1836 and the state of Wisconsin on May 29, 1848.[3] The 1850s saw an influx of European immigrants.[4]
Women's rights groups in support of temperance and suffrage formed in Wisconsin in the 1860s.[5] The Wisconsin Women's Suffrage Association was formed in 1869. Suffrage bills were introduced in 1855 and 1867 but both failed. However, the state legislature did pass a law allowing women to run for school boards and elective school offices in 1869. It was not until June 10, 1919, that Wisconsin became the first state to ratify the 19th amendment granting national suffrage to women.[5]
Wisconsin was dominated alternately by the Republican and Progressive parties in the first century of its existence, but has been more competitive since then. The Republicans gained majority control in both houses in the 1995 Legislature, the first time since 1969. In 2009, the Democratic Party gained control of both houses for the first time since 1993.
The Republican Party took back control of both houses in 2011.[3] Governor Scott Walker then signed a new redistricting plan.[6] In 2012 elections, Democrats won a majority of the vote but Republicans retained control of the legislature, taking 60 of the 99 seats in the Assembly.[6] In Wisconsin elections, 2016, Republicans secured their largest majority in the Assembly since 1956.[6]
On November 21, 2016, U.S. Circuit Judge Kenneth Francis Ripple, joined by District Judge Barbara Brandriff Crabb, held that the Republicans' 2011 redistricting was unconstitutional partisan gerrymandering, over a dissent by District Judge William C. Griesbach.[7] The court found that the 2011 redistricting plan created three times as many wasted votes as the national average, violating the United States Constitution’s guarantee of one man, one vote.[8]
Membership[edit]
Qualifications and terms[edit]
To serve in the Wisconsin Legislature, individuals must be a resident of the state for at least one year preceding his or her election and be a qualified elector in the district he or she is elected to represent.[9]
All 99 members of the Wisconsin Assembly are elected in a two year term cycle without term limits. Similarly, all 33 members of the Wisconsin Senate are elected in a four year cycle, also without term limits.[9] Half of the Senate is elected every two years.[9] Prior to an amendment in the Wisconsin Constitution in 1881, Assembly members served a one year term, while Senators were elected every two years. The 100th Wisconsin Legislature began on January 3, 2011.
Officers[edit]
Members of both houses of the Legislature vote within their ranks to select presiding officers, such as the Speaker of the Assembly and the President of the Senate. These high level positions reflect the party majority in both chambers. An amendment to the state constitution in 1979 removed the Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin as the presiding officer of the Senate, allowing Senators to vote within their ranks for a chamber president. Similarly, majority and minority leaders are also selected by party strength in the legislative houses and within their own respective caucus.
Salary and benefits[edit]
Legislators receive an annual salary of $49,943 and a per diem of up to $88 to cover living expenses when they are in Dane County, Wisconsin on state business, unless their district is in Dane County. Members of the Madison delegation may receive a per diem up to $44 to cover expenses. Legislators also receive $75 per month in "out-of-session" pay when the Legislature is in session for three days or less. Over two years, each legislator is allotted $66,008 to cover general office expenses, printing, postage and district mailings.[citation needed]
Rules and procedures[edit]
In both chambers of the Wisconsin Legislature, a quorum is defined as a majority of current members. The majority of a quorum is needed to pass legislation on the floor of the chamber.[10] Three-fifths of the members elected is the quorum necessary for passage or concurrence in either house of any fiscal bill. Proposals may not be introduced or offered unless they are put in proper form by the legislative reference staff if requested by members or members-elect of the legislature.[10]
See also[edit]
American Legislative Exchange Council members
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Wisconsin State Senators
Jump up ^ Wisconsin State Representatives
^ Jump up to: a b Highlights of History in Wisconsin, Wisconsin Blue Book 2011-2012 (accessed April 25, 2013)
Jump up ^ 19th Century Immigration, Wisconsin Historical Society (accessed April 25, 2013)
^ Jump up to: a b The Women's Suffrage Movement Wisconsin Historical Society (accessed April 25, 2013)
^ Jump up to: a b c Stein, Jason; Marley, Patrick (22 November 2016). "Federal court strikes down GOP-drawn maps". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Michael Wines (22 November 2016). "Judges Find Wisconsin Redistricting Unfairly Favored Republicans". The New York Times. p. A1. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Soffen, Kim (23 November 2016). "Wisconsin's gerrymander being struck down should scare Republicans nationwide". The Washington Post. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Article IV, Wisconsin Constitution (accessed April 25, 2013)
^ Jump up to: a b Procedures Derived from State Constitution Wisconsin Legislature (accessed April 25, 2013)
External links[edit]
Wisconsin Legislature Official Site
Legislative Reference Bureau
[show]
v
t
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Members of the Wisconsin State Senate
102nd Wisconsin Legislature (2015–2017)
President of the Senate: Roger Roth (R)
President pro tempore: Howard Marklein (R)
Majority leader: Scott L. Fitzgerald (R)
Minority leader: Jennifer Shilling (D)
Frank Lasee (R)
Robert Cowles (R)
Tim Carpenter (D)
Lena Taylor (D)
Leah Vukmir (R)
La Tonya Johnson (D)
Chris Larson (D)
Alberta Darling (R)
Devin LeMahieu (R)
Sheila Harsdorf (R)
Stephen Nass (R)
Tom Tiffany (R)
Scott L. Fitzgerald (R)
Luther Olsen (R)
Janis Ringhand (D)
Mark F. Miller (D)
Howard Marklein (R)
Dan Feyen (R)
Roger Roth (R)
Duey Stroebel (R)
Van Wanggaard (R)
Robert Wirch (D)
Terry Moulton (R)
Patrick Testin (R)
Robert Jauch (D)
Fred Risser (D)
Jon Erpenbach (D)
David Craig (R)
Jerry Petrowski (R)
Dave Hansen (D)
Kathleen Vinehout (D)
Jennifer Shilling (D)
Chris Kapenga (R)
Republican (20)
Democratic (13)
Wisconsin Legislature
Wisconsin State Assembly
Wisconsin State Senate
[show]
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Members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
103rd Wisconsin Legislature (2017–2019)
Speaker of the Assembly: Robin Vos (R)
Speaker Pro Tempore: Tyler August (R)
Majority Leader: Jim Steineke (R)
Minority Leader: Peter W. Barca (D)
Joel Kitchens (R)
Andre Jacque (R)
Ron Tusler (R)
David Steffen (R)
Jim Steineke (R)
Gary Tauchen (R)
Daniel Riemer (D)
JoCasta Zamarripa (D)
Josh Zepnick (D)
David Bowen (D)
Jason Fields (D)
Fred Kessler (D)
Rob Hutton (R)
Dale P. Kooyenga (R)
Joe Sanfelippo (R)
Leon Young (D)
David Crowley (D)
Evan Goyke (D)
Jonathan Brostoff (D)
Christine Sinicki (D)
Jessie Rodriguez (R)
Janel Brandtjen (R)
Jim Ott (R)
Dan Knodl (R)
Paul Tittl (R)
Terry Katsma (R)
Tyler Vorpagel (R)
Adam Jarchow (R)
Rob Stafsholt (R)
Shannon Zimmerman (R)
Amy Loudenbeck (R)
Tyler August (R)
Cody Horlacher (R)
Rob Swearingen (R)
Mary Felzkowski (R)
Jeffrey Mursau (R)
John Jagler (R)
Joel Kleefisch (R)
Mark Born (R)
Kevin David Petersen (R)
Joan Ballweg (R)
Keith Ripp (R)
Don Vruwink (D)
Debra Kolste (D)
Mark Spreitzer (D)
Gary Hebl (D)
Jimmy P. Anderson (D)
Melissa Sargent (D)
Travis Tranel (R)
Edward Brooks (R)
Todd Novak (R)
Jeremy Thiesfeldt (R)
Michael Schraa (R)
Gordon Hintz (D)
Mike Rohrkaste (R)
Dave Murphy (R)
Amanda Stuck (D)
Vacant
Jesse Kremer (R)
Robert Brooks (R)
Samantha Kerkman (R)
Tom Weatherston (R)
Robin Vos (R)
Peter W. Barca (D)
Tod Ohnstad (D)
Cory Mason (D)
Rob Summerfield (R)
Kathy Bernier (R)
Bob Kulp (R)
Nancy VanderMeer (R)
Katrina Shankland (D)
Scott Krug (R)
Nick Milroy (D)
Beth Meyers (D)
Romaine Quinn (R)
Chris Taylor (D)
Terese Berceau (D)
Lisa Subeck (D)
Dianne Hesselbein (D)
Sondy Pope-Roberts (D)
Dave Considine (D)
Ken Skowronski (R)
Chuck Wichgers (R)
Mike Kuglitsch (R)
Patrick Snyder (R)
John Spiros (R)
James Edming (R)
John Macco (R)
John Nygren (R)
Eric Genrich (D)
Dana Wachs (D)
Treig Pronschinske (R)
Warren Petryk (R)
Steve Doyle (D)
Jill Billings (D)
Lee Nerison (R)
Scott Allen (R)
Adam Neylon (R)
Cindi Duchow (R)
Republican (64)
Democratic (35)
Wisconsin Legislature
Wisconsin State Assembly
Wisconsin State Senate
[show]
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Wisconsin Legislatures
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103 (2017)
[show]
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Legislatures of the United States
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List of current U.S. state legislators
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Renée Lemaire
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Renée Lemaire
Born
Renée Bernadette Émilie Lemaire
10 April 1914
Bastogne, Belgium
Died
24 December 1944 (aged 30)
Bastogne, Belgium
Occupation
Registered Nurse
Parent(s)
Gustave Lemaire
Berth Gallée
Renée Lemaire was a Belgian nurse who volunteered her service at an American military aid station during the Siege of Bastogne in December 1944. She was killed during a German air raid on Christmas Eve in 1944.
Contents
1 Early life
2 World War II
3 Band of Brothers
4 See also
5 References
6 Sources
7 External links
Early life[edit]
Renée Bernadette Émilie Lemaire was born on 10 April 1914 in Bastogne to Gustave Lemaire and Bertha Gallée.[1] Her parents owned a hardware store in Bastogne. She had two sisters, Gisèle and Marguerite. Lemaire had been a nurse in Brussels during the war.[1] Renée Lemaire was the fiancée of a Jew arrested in Brussels by the Gestapo earlier in the year.[2]
World War II[edit]
In December 1944, Renée Lemaire returned to Bastogne to visit her parents, and was trapped when the Germans launched its Ardennes offensive on December 16, 1944.[1] Along with nurse Augusta Chiwy,[3] she volunteered at an aid station for the American 20th Armored Infantry Battalion on December 21, 1944.[4] In a commendation request from Battalion Surgeon Dr. Jack T. Prior, Lemaire was described as "cheerfully accepted the Herculean task and worked without adequate rest or food...", that she "changed dressings, fed patients unable to feed themselves, gave out medications, bathed and made the patients more comfortable...", and "her very presence among those wounded men seem to be an inspiration to those whose morale had declined from prolonged suffering."[5]
On December 24, 1944, around 8:30PM, Germans bombed the building where the aid station was located. According to a column in a Belgian newspaper, the aid station in the basement of the Sarma Store on rue de Neufchateau was demolished. Lemaire managed to evacuate six soldiers from the burning building, and died while she attempted to save a seventh wounded.[6] Dr. Prior recovered her remains, and brought them back to her parents wrapped in a white parachute.[7]
Band of Brothers[edit]
In the Band of Brothers episode "Bastogne", a Belgian nurse named Renée (portrayed by Lucie Jeanne) and a Congolese nurse named Anna (portrayed by Rebecca Okot) were shown to work tirelessly with American medics, including Eugene Roe, to help wounded soldiers. Historical accounts of Lemaire do not mention Roe.
See also[edit]
Augusta Chiwy
Siege of Bastogne
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Jans 2014.
Jump up ^ Antony Beevor - Ardennes 1944: Hitler's Last Gamble 2015.
Jump up ^ AP 2011.
Jump up ^ Addor 2004, pp. 183-184.
Jump up ^ Addor 2004, pp. 186.
Jump up ^ Addor 2004, pp. 191.
Jump up ^ Addor 2004, pp. 185.
Sources[edit]
Jans, Reg. "'The Angel of Bastogne'". Reg Jans. Retrieved 14 June 2014.
Addor, Don (2004). Noville Outpost of Bastogne - My Last Battle. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-1-4120-3400-5. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
AP (2011). "U.S. Honors Belgian Nurse for Valor in World War II". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 June 2014.
External links[edit]
The Angel of Bastogne Reg Jans Battle of the Bulge Battlefield Guide
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Renée Lemaire at Find a Grave
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Letterkenny (TV series)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Letterkenny
Genre
Sitcom
Created by
Jared Keeso
Developed by
Jared Keeso
Jacob Tierney
Written by
Jared Keeso
Jacob Tierney
Directed by
Jacob Tierney
Starring
Jared Keeso
Nathan Dales
Dylan Playfair
Andrew Herr
Tyler Johnston
Alexander De Jordy
K. Trevor Wilson
Michelle Mylett
Country of origin
Canada
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
5
No. of episodes
33 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
Jared Keeso
Jacob Tierney
Producer(s)
Mark Montefiore
Patrick O'Sullivan
Production location(s)
Sudbury, Ontario
Running time
23–30 minutes
Production company(s)
New Metric Media
Bell Media
DHX Media
Release
Original network
CraveTV
The Comedy Network
Original release
February 7, 2016 (2016-02-07) – present
Letterkenny is a Canadian television sitcom created by Jared Keeso and developed and primarily written by Keeso and Jacob Tierney, with Tierney as director. The series debuted on CraveTV in February 2016, and later also aired on The Comedy Network.[1] The show stars Keeso and Nathan Dales as Wayne and Daryl, two friends living in the small town of Letterkenny, Ontario,[1] a fictional community loosely based on Keeso's own hometown of Listowel, Ontario.[1]
On March 10, 2016, Letterkenny was renewed for a second season of six episodes.[2] On August 8, 2016, just weeks after production wrapped on Season 2, CraveTV announced that they had ordered a third season.[3] On March 17, 2017, a St. Patrick's Day special episode, "St. Perfect's Day" was released.[4] The third season, shot during the winter season, was released on Canada Day, July 1, 2017.[5][6] A Halloween episode was announced on October 2, 2017, which was released on October 20, 2017.[7] The fourth season of six episodes was released on December 25, 2017.[8] On October 23, 2017, it was announced that the series has a new media partner which has agreed to a production commitment for 40 new episodes, a 26 city Letterkenny Live! tour beginning in February 2018 and the expansion of Letterkenny merchandise.[9] The six-episode fifth season was released on June 29, 2018.[10]
At the 5th Canadian Screen Awards in 2017, the series won the award for Best Comedy Series.[11]
Contents
1 Series overview
2 Production
3 Cast and characters
3.1 Guest appearances
4 Episodes
4.1 Series overview
4.2 Season 1 (2016)
4.3 Season 2 (2016)
4.4 St. Patrick's Day special (2017)
4.5 Season 3 (2017)
4.6 Halloween special (2017)
4.7 Season 4 (2017)
4.8 Easter special (2018)
4.9 Season 5 (2018)
5 Reception
5.1 Critical reception
5.2 Ratings
5.3 Accolades
6 References
7 External links
Series overview[edit]
Letterkenny revolves around the antics of the residents of a small rural Canadian community called Letterkenny.
Expanding the cast from the web series, the series focuses on Wayne and Katy (created for the TV series), siblings who run a small farm and produce stand, with help from Wayne's two friends: Daryl and "Squirrely" Dan (created for the TV series). It also focuses on a pair of local hockey players (Reily and Jonesy) who are involved in a polyamorous relationship with Katy.
Episodes deal with life in a small town, amongst various different types of people: the farmers (the "hicks"), the out-of-towners who make up the local hockey team, the town's minister, the local drug addicts (the "skids"), and members of the local First Nation (the "natives"). Often plots revolve around Wayne defending his reputation as "the toughest guy in Letterkenny", the exploits of the local hockey team, and Wayne's attempt to break up his sister's open relationship with two of the members of the team, the various schemes by "the skids" to rip off the residents of both Letterkenny and the reservation, and Wayne's various attempts to find love. In later seasons, the scripts feature wordplay and puns as a running joke to convey the intelligence of the small town characters.
Production[edit]
Letterkenny is the first original series commissioned by CraveTV,[12] and premiered on that platform on February 7, 2016.[13] The show has its roots in Letterkenny Problems, a short-format web series created by Keeso and released on YouTube in 2013.[14] Letterkenny Problems garnered a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Original Fiction Program or Series Created for Digital Media at the 2nd Canadian Screen Awards in 2014.[12] The town of Letterkenny portrayed in the series is fictional, and not based on the actual ghost town in Renfrew County.[15]
Tierney and Michael Dowse are also involved in the production of the series.[1] Tierney also has a supporting role as Pastor Glen in the series, whose cast also includes Michelle Mylett, Dylan Playfair, Andrew Herr, Tyler Johnston, Lisa Codrington, Alexander De Jordy, Kaniehtiio Horn and K. Trevor Wilson.[16]
The series is filmed in Sudbury, Ontario.[17] A second season was ordered in March 2016,[2] and a third was ordered in August 2016.[18]
Cast and characters[edit]
Jared Keeso as Wayne, the leader of "the Hicks" and self-proclaimed toughest guy in Letterkenny. Wayne is best friends with Daryl "Darry" and Squirrely Dan. He is overprotective of his sister Katy. Keeso also plays Shoresy, a hockey player friend of Jonesy and Riley whose face never appears on camera.
Nathan Dales as Daryl, Wayne's best friend, whose nickname is "Darry".
K. Trevor Wilson as Squirrely Dan, the storyteller of "the Hicks".
Michelle Mylett as Katy, Wayne's sister
Dylan Playfair as Reilly, a hockey player for the Letterkenny Irish and Jonesy's best friend.
Andrew Herr as Jonesy, a hockey player for the Letterkenny Irish and Reilly's best friend.
Tyler Johnston as Stewart, leader of "the skids".
Alexander De Jordy as Devon, a member of Stewart's crew. (seasons 1–2)
Jacob Tierney as Pastor Glen, a local preacher who is infatuated with Wayne.
Evan Stern as Roald, a member of Stewart's crew.
Lisa Codrington as Gail, bartender at Modeans.
Kaniehtiio Horn as Tanis
Mark Forward as Coach, a hockey coach who gets angry easily
Dan Petronijevic as McMurray
Melanie Scrofano Mrs. McMurray
Kamilla Kowal as Bonnie McMurray
Joel Gagne as Joint Boy
Alex McCooeye as Jim Dickens
Jay Bertin as Tyson
Kalinka Petrie as Angie, Wayne's ex (seasons 2–4)
Clark Backo as Rosie, Gail's cousin (seasons 2–5)
Boomer Phillips as Boomtown (seasons 2–3)
Sarah Gadon as Gae (seasons 3, 5)
Adrian Holmes as Bradley, Gail and Rosie's cousin (seasons 3–4)
Jay Baruchel as Hard Right Jay (season 5)[19]
Guest appearances[edit]
Jay Onrait as himself
Dan O'Toole as himself
Mark McMorris
Craig McMorris
Episodes[edit]
Series overview[edit]
Season
Episodes
Originally released
1 6 February 7, 2016 (2016-02-07)
2 6 December 25, 2016 (2016-12-25)
Special March 17, 2017 (2017-03-17)
3 6 July 1, 2017 (2017-07-01)
Special October 20, 2017 (2017-10-20)
4 6 December 25, 2017 (2017-12-25)
Special March 23, 2018 (2018-03-23)
5 6 June 29, 2018 (2018-06-29)
Season 1 (2016)[edit]
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
1
1 "Ain't No Reason to Get Excited" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney February 7, 2016 (2016-02-07)
A group of small town hicks try to help their friend get over a breakup.
2
2 "Super Soft Birthday" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney February 7, 2016 (2016-02-07)
Wayne tries to maintain his status as the toughest guy in Letterkenny, Katy throws Daryl a birthday party.
3
3 "Fartbook" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney February 7, 2016 (2016-02-07)
Letterkenny becomes enveloped in fart culture when the boys create a fart sharing website.
4
4 "Wingman Wayne" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney February 7, 2016 (2016-02-07)
The hicks hit the bar to pick up women, Jonesy and Reilly get in shape.
5
5 "Rave" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney February 7, 2016 (2016-02-07)
Wayne and Daryl start a pest control business, Stewart cleans himself up to impress Katy. The hockey team plays a road game against the Natives.
6
6 "A Fuss in the Back Bush" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney February 7, 2016 (2016-02-07)
The skids turn Letterkenny into a warzone when they rip off the Natives on a dart deal.
Season 2 (2016)[edit]
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
7
1 "A Fuss at the Ag Hall" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney December 25, 2016 (2016-12-25)
The Hicks attempt to establish order at Ag Hall while Reilly and Jonesy make the jump to Senior Hockey.
8
2 "The Election" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney December 25, 2016 (2016-12-25)
The Hicks, Skids, and Hockey players participate in a Letterkenny election.
9
3 "Relationships" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney December 25, 2016 (2016-12-25)
Wayne doubles down on finding love.
10
4 "The Native Flu" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney December 25, 2016 (2016-12-25)
Reilly and Jonesy have an away game on the Rez.
11
5 "Uncle Eddie's Trust" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney December 25, 2016 (2016-12-25)
Wayne and Katy inherit some money. Folks from Letterkenny pitch them on why it should be theirs.
12
6 "Finding Stormy a Stud" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney December 25, 2016 (2016-12-25)
Tension rises around Letterkenny while Wayne looks for a stud to breed with his beloved German Shepherd "Stormy".
St. Patrick's Day special (2017)[edit]
No.
overall
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
13
"St. Perfect's Day" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney March 17, 2017 (2017-03-17)
Sitting around the produce stand recalling the events from the night before at the St. Patrick's Day Party at the Ag Hall. A Legend is born.
Season 3 (2017)[edit]
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
14
1 "Sled Shack" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney July 1, 2017 (2017-07-01)
The Hicks build a sled shack on the sleddin' trail. The Hockey Players, now leading goal scorers, try to motivate the Irish to get a W.
15
2 "Puck Bunny" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney July 1, 2017 (2017-07-01)
Wayne attempts to lure Up Country Degens to the sled shack but choosing the bait proves problematic.
16
3 "MoDeans 2" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney July 1, 2017 (2017-07-01)
MoDean's Grand Re-Opening gives Wayne the opportunity to confront Jivin' Pete, who's "no longer a good guy".
17
4 "Les Hiques" Jacob Tierney Jonathan Torrens July 1, 2017 (2017-07-01)
The Hicks go fishing on the Quebec border and meet their French doppelgangers.
18
5 "The Battle for Bonnie McMurray" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney July 1, 2017 (2017-07-01)
Bonnie invites the Hicks for a hot tub party and Dan, Daryl and Katy compete for her attention. Wayne and Rosie are #relationshipgoals.
19
6 "Bradley is a Killer" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney July 1, 2017 (2017-07-01)
Gail's cousin Bradley returns to Letterkenny to be a bouncer at MoDean's. The Hicks love Bradley. Gae and the Skids reach a crossroads.
Halloween special (2017)[edit]
No.
overall
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
20
"The Haunting of MoDean's II" Jacob Tierney Lynne Kamm October 20, 2017 (2017-10-20)
Wayne and the Hicks help their old pal Gail get to the bottom of a strange brew happening at the local bar.
Season 4 (2017)[edit]
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
21
1 "Never Work a Day in Your Life" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney December 25, 2017 (2017-12-25)
It's Gail's birthday but in an effort to forget Rosie, Wayne is non-stop chorin'.
22
2 "A Fuss at the Golf Course" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney December 25, 2017 (2017-12-25)
The Hicks and McMurrays defend the majestic Canada Goose at the local golf course. The turf war for the Dollar Store continues.
23
3 "Way to a Man's Heart" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney December 25, 2017 (2017-12-25)
Tanis recruits the Hicks, who recruit the Hockey Players, to help with a feud on the Rez.
24
4 "Letterkenny Talent Show" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney December 25, 2017 (2017-12-25)
Letterkenny locals put their special skills on display with their own talent show.
25
5 "The Letterkenny Leave" Jacob Tierney Jesse McKeown December 25, 2017 (2017-12-25)
The Hicks attend a hot tub party at the McMurray's. The Hockey Players decide to do whatever it takes to get gains.
26
6 "Great Day for Thunder Bay" Jacob Tierney Jonathan Torrens December 25, 2017 (2017-12-25)
The Bay Brothers, James and Hudson, return home for Hay and all of Letterkenny wants to be the one to throw them a party.
Easter special (2018)[edit]
No.
overall
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
27
"Super Hard Easter" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney March 23, 2018 (2018-03-23)
It's Easter and it's Daryl's turn to hide the eggs. Glen and his unlikely sidekicks put on a Passion Play.
Season 5 (2018)[edit]
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
28
1 "We Don't Fight at Weddings" Jacob Tierney Trevor Risk & Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney June 29, 2018 (2018-06-29)
29
2 "The Ol' College Try" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney June 29, 2018 (2018-06-29)
30
3 "Hard Right Jay" Jacob Tierney Jesse McKeown June 29, 2018 (2018-06-29)
31
4 "Letterkenny Spelling Bee" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney June 29, 2018 (2018-06-29)
32
5 "Back to Back to Back" Jacob Tierney Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney June 29, 2018 (2018-06-29)
33
6 "Bock et Biche" Jacob Tierney Jonathan Torrens June 29, 2018 (2018-06-29)
Reception[edit]
Critical reception[edit]
John Doyle of The Globe and Mail called the series "refreshing and intoxicating", and "funny, mad, droll, childish, and spiky." Focusing on the show's characteristic use of often thick Ontario dialect, he wrote that "Not since Trailer Park Boys launched have we heard the flavourful, salty Canadian vernacular used with such aplomb and abandon"; but also that "Almost all the conversations are raw comedy and utterly plausible as small-town guy talk, not just in Canada but in villages and parishes wherever the grass grows."[14]
Ratings[edit]
CraveTV has stated that Letterkenny's debut was the biggest debut of any series on their platform since it launched in 2014, and that as of March 10, 2016, nearly one in three subscribers have watched the series.[2]
Accolades[edit]
Award
Category
Nominee
Result
Ref.
2nd Canadian Screen Awards Best Original Fiction Program or Series Created for Digital Media Letterkenny Problems Nominated [12]
2016 Canadian Comedy Awards Best TV Show Letterkenny Nominated [20]
5th Canadian Screen Awards Best Comedy Series Mark Montefiore, Patrick O'Sullivan, Jared Keeso, Jacob Tierney Won [21]
Best Direction in a Comedy Program or Series Jacob Tierney ("Super Soft Birthday") Won
Best Writing in a Comedy Program or Series Jacob Tierney and Jared Keeso ("Super Soft Birthday") Won
Best Performance by an Actor in a Continuing Leading Comedic Role Jared Keeso Nominated
Best Achievement in Casting Jenny Lewis and Sara Kay ("Rave") Nominated
Best Performance by an Actor in a Featured Supporting Role or Guest Role in a Comedic Series Nathan Dales Nominated
Best Picture Editing in a Comedy Program or Series Erin Deck ("Super Soft Birthday") Nominated
Duncan Christie ("Ain't No Reason To Get Excited") Nominated
2017 WGC Screenwriting Awards Best Script From a Rookie Series Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney ("Ain't No Reason to Get Excited") Nominated [22]
Best TV Comedy Jared Keeso & Jacob Tierney ("Super Soft Birthday") Won
6th Canadian Screen Awards Best Comedy Series Mark Montefiore, Patrick O'Sullivan, Jared Keeso, Jacob Tierney Nominated [23]
Best Direction in a Comedy Program or Series Jacob Tierney ("The Election") Won
Best Writing in a Comedy Program or Series Jacob Tierney and Jared Keeso ("Relationships") Won
Best Performance by an Actor in a Continuing Leading Comedic Role Jared Keeso Nominated
Best Performance by an Actor in a Featured Supporting Role or Guest Role in a Comedic Series K. Trevor Wilson Nominated
Best Photography in a Comedic Series Jim Westenbrink ("Relationships") Nominated
Best Picture Editing in a Comedic Series Christopher Minns ("The Election") Nominated
Best Sound in a Fiction Series Rick Penn, Jamie Sulek, Devin Doucette, Kieran Sherry, Rob Ainsley, Clive Turner ("Relationships") Nominated
Best Casting Jenny Lewis, Sara Kay Nominated
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d Szklarski, Cassandra (March 5, 2015). "'19-2' star Jared Keeso to helm original scripted comedy for CraveTV". CTV News. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Letterkenny's Huge Launch on CraveTV Fuels Second Season Order". Bell Media. March 10, 2016. Retrieved March 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Told Ya this Was a Huge Deal Bud. CraveTV Orders a Third Season of LETTERKENNY". Bell Media. August 8, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Letterkenny to drop special St. Patrick's Day episode". The Star. January 19, 2017. Retrieved January 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ Yeo, Debra (June 6, 2017). "Letterkenny Season 3 brings a taste of winter to summer". Toronto Star. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Letterkenny Season 3 arrives on CraveTV on Canada Day". Canadian Press. June 1, 2017. Retrieved July 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ "S-s-s-p-p-c-ecial Halloween Episode of Letterkenny Drops October 20 on CraveTV". Bell Media. October 2, 2017. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Another 6-Pack of Letterkenny to Launch Christmas Day". Bell Media. December 11, 2017. Retrieved December 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ "CraveTV Enters into Comprehensive Multi-Year Partnership with New Metric Media to Build LETTERKENNY Brand Worldwide". Bell Media. October 23, 2017. Retrieved October 23, 2017.
Jump up ^ Daley, Dean (June 25, 2018). "Letterkenny season 5 comes to CraveTV on June 29". MobileSyrup. Retrieved June 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ Furdyk, Brent (March 12, 2017). "2017 Canadian Screen Awards: And The Winners Are…". ET Canada. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Crave TV orders up first original series: Letterkenny". Winnipeg Free Press. March 5, 2015. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
Jump up ^ Pope, Chris (November 9, 2015). "TV Show "Letterkenny", starring Listowel's Jared Keeso, has a launch date". 570 News. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Doyle, John (February 8, 2016). "John Doyle: Letterkenny's a refreshing and intoxicating Canadian comedy". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Letterkenny is coming to CraveTV and we couldn't be more excited". TSN. December 26, 2015. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
Jump up ^ Punto, Jordan (May 28, 2015). "Why CraveTV didn't have a problem with Letterkenny". Playback Online. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
Jump up ^ Yeo, Debra (May 26, 2015). "Jared Keeso series Letterkenny shooting in Sudbury". The Star. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Sudbury-shot show returns for third season". The Sudbury Star. August 11, 2016. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Yeo, Debra (November 15, 2017). "Jay Baruchel joins cast of Letterkenny". Toronto Star. Retrieved November 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ "2016 Canadian Comedy Awards". Canadian Comedy Awards. Retrieved June 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ "2017 TV Nominees". Academy.ca. Retrieved March 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "2017 WGC Screenwriting Awards Finalists". Writers Guild of Canada. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ "2018 TV Nominees". Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
External links[edit]
Television in Canada portal
Letterkenny on CraveTV
Letterkenny on IMDb
Letterkenny on Twitter
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Flag of South Africa
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Republic of South Africa
Use
Civil and state flag, civil and state ensign
Proportion
2:3
Adopted
27 April 1994
Design
a horizontal bicolour of red and blue with a black isosceles triangle based on the hoist-side and a green pall, a central green band that splits into a horizontal Y, centred over the partition lines and was edged in both white against the red and the blue bands and gold against the triangle, in which the arms of the Y ends at the corners of the hoist and embraces the triangle on the hoist-side.
Designed by
Frederick Brownell
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The flag of South Africa was adopted on 27 April 1994, at the beginning of South Africa's 1994 general election, to replace the flag that had been used since 1928. The new national flag, designed by the then State Herald of South Africa Frederick Brownell, was chosen to represent the country's new democracy after the end of apartheid.
The flag has horizontal bands of red (on the top) and blue (on the bottom), of equal width, separated by a central green band which splits into a horizontal "Y" shape, the arms of which end at the corners of the hoist side (and follow the flag's diagonals). The "Y" embraces a black isosceles triangle from which the arms are separated by narrow yellow bands; the red and blue bands are separated from the green band and its arms by narrow white stripes. The stripes at the fly end are in the 5:1:3:1:5 ratio.
Contents
[hide]
1 Colours
2 Construction sheet
3 History
3.1 1902–1910
3.2 1910–1928
3.3 1928–1994 flag
3.4 Current flag since 1994
4 Proper display of the flag
5 Heraldic description
6 See also
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
Colours[edit]
At the time of its adoption, the South African flag was the only national flag in the world to comprise six colours in its primary design and without a seal and brocade. The design and colours are a synopsis of principal elements of the country's flag history.
The central design of the flag, beginning at the flagpost in a "V" form and flowing into a single horizontal band to the outer edge of the fly.
Colour
Textile colour
Pantone equivalent
RGB
RGB sample
Green CKS 42 c Spectrum green 3415 c #007C59
Black CKS 401 c Blue black #000000
White CKS 701 c National flag white #FFFFFF
Gold CKS 724 c Gold yellow 1235 c #FCB514
Red CKS 750 c Chilli red 179 c #E23D28
Blue CKS 762 c National flag blue Reflex blue c #0C1C8C
Construction sheet[edit]
Flag construction sheet
History[edit]
1902–1910[edit]
The Anglo-Boer War between 1899 and 1902 ended with the Treaty of Vereeniging on 31 May 1902 and resulted in what is now South Africa falling under the British Union Flag. The former Boer Republics of the Orange Free State and the Zuid-Afrikaanse Republiek (Transvaal) became British colonies along with the existing Cape and Natal colonies. Each was also entitled to a colonial flag following in the British tradition.
1910–1928[edit]
Main article: South Africa Red Ensign
On 31 May 1910 these four colonies came together to form the Union of South Africa and the individual colonial flags were no longer used and new South African flags came into being. Once again, as a British dominion the British Union Flag was to continue as the national flag and the standard British ensign pattern was used as a basis for distinctive South African flags.
As was the case throughout the British Empire, the Red and Blue Ensigns were the official flags for merchant and government vessels at sea, and the British Admiralty authorised them to be defaced in the fly with the shield from the South African coat of arms.[1][2] These ensigns were not intended to be used as the Union's national flag, although they were used by some people as such. Although these ensigns were primarily intended for maritime use, they were also flown on land.
The South Africa Red Ensign was South Africa's de facto national flag between 1910 and 1928 and was flown at times from Government buildings.
The Blue Ensign was flown over the Union’s offices abroad between 1910 and 1928.
The design of the Red Ensign was modified slightly in 1912 when the shield was placed on a white disc so as to make it more distinguishable. The Red Ensign continued to be used as the flag of the South African merchant marine until 1951.[3]
These flags never enjoyed much popular support due to the animosities lingering after the Anglo-Boer War. The Afrikaner descendants of the Dutch settlers from the former Boer Republics found the prominent position of the British Union Flag to be offensive while the English-speakers saw any move to remove it as an Afrikaner plot to deprive them of their imperial symbol.
1928–1994 flag[edit]
Main article: Flag of South Africa (1928–1994)
South Africa
Proportion
2:3
Adopted
1928
Relinquished
April 1994
The three flags in the centre representing the former British colonies of Cape Colony and Natal with the Union Jack on the left, followed by the flags of the former Boer republics of Orange Free State and the South African Republic on the right. The Union Jack is shown with the hoist on the right.
Due to the lack of popularity of these flags, there were intermittent discussions about the desirability of a more distinctive national flag for South Africa after 1910,[4] it was only after a coalition government took office in 1925 that a bill was introduced in Parliament to introduce a national flag for the Union. This provoked an often violent controversy that lasted for three years based on whether the British Union Flag should be included in the new flag design or not. The Natal Province even threatened to secede from the Union should it be decided to remove it.
Finally, a compromise was reached that resulted in the adoption of a separate flag for the Union in late 1927 and the design was first hoisted on 31 May 1928. The design was based on the so-called Van Riebeeck flag or "Prince's Flag" (Prinsenvlag in Afrikaans) that was originally the Dutch flag; it consisted of orange, white, and blue horizontal stripes. A version of this flag had been used as the flag of the Dutch East India Company (known as the VOC) at the Cape (with the VOC logo in the centre) from 1652 until 1795. The South African addition to the design was the inclusion of three smaller flags centred in the white stripe. The miniature flags were the British Union Flag (mirrored) towards the hoist, the flag of the Orange Free State hanging vertically in the middle and the Transvaal Vierkleur towards the fly. The position of each of the miniature flags is such that each has equal status. However, to ensure that the Dutch flag in the canton of the Orange Free State flag is placed nearest to the upper hoist of the main flag, the Free State flag must be reversed. The British Union Flag, which is nearest to the hoist and is thus in a more favoured position, is spread horizontally from the Free State flag towards the hoist and is thus also reversed. Although placed horizontally furthest from the hoist, to balance the British Union Flag, the Vierkleur is the only one of the miniature flags which is spread in the same direction as the main flag. This compensates for its otherwise less favourable position. In this arrangement, each of the miniature flags enjoy equal precedence.[5] Note that the miniature flag of the Orange Free State contains a miniature of the Dutch flag, making the old South African flag the only former national flag in the world containing a flag in a flag in a flag.
The choice of the Prinsenvlag (which was believed to be the first flag hoisted on South African soil by Jan van Riebeeck of the VOC) as the basis upon which to design the South African flag had more to do with compromise than Afrikaner political desires, since the Prinsenvlag was politically neutral, as it was no longer the national flag of any nation. A further element of this compromise was that the British Union Flag would continue to fly alongside the new South African national flag over official buildings. This dual flag arrangement continued until 1957 when the British Union Flag lost its official status per an Act of Parliament.
Following a referendum the country became a republic on 31 May 1961, but the design of the flag remained unchanged. However, there was intense pressure to change the flag, particularly from Afrikaners who still resented the fact that the British Union Flag was a part of the flag. In 1968, the then Prime Minister, John Vorster, proposed the adoption of a new flag from 1971, to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the declaration of a republic but this never materialised.[6]
Current flag since 1994[edit]
South African Ambassador Harry Schwarz presenting the new flag to the president of the United States, Bill Clinton, in May 1994.
The present South African national flag was first flown on 27 April 1994, the day of the 1994 election. However, the flag was first intended to be an interim flag only, and its design was decided upon only a week beforehand.
The choice of a new flag was part of the negotiation process set in motion when Nelson Mandela was released from prison in 1990. When a nationwide public competition was held in 1993, the National Symbols Commission received more than 7,000 designs. Six designs were shortlisted and presented to the public and the Negotiating Council, but none elicited enthusiastic support. A number of design studios were then contacted to submit further proposals, but these also did not find favour. Parliament went into recess at the end of 1993 without a suitable candidate for the new national flag.
In February 1994, Cyril Ramaphosa and Roelf Meyer, the chief negotiators of the African National Congress and the National Party government of the day respectively, were given the task of resolving the flag issue. A final design was adopted on 15 March 1994, derived from a design developed by the State Herald Fred Brownell,[7] who had also previously designed the Flag of Namibia. This interim flag was hoisted for the first time on the 27 April 1994, the day when the nation’s first fully inclusive elections commenced which resulted in Nelson Mandela being inaugurated as South Africa’s first democratically elected president on 10 May 1994.
The flag flying at the Sydney Cricket Ground.
The proclamation of the new national flag by South African President F. W. de Klerk was only published on 20 April 1994,[8] a mere seven days before the flag was to be inaugurated, sparking a frantic last-minute flurry for flag manufacturers. As stated in South Africa's post-apartheid interim constitution, the flag was to be introduced on an interim probationary period of five years, after which there would be discussion about whether or not to change the national flag in the final draft of the constitution. The Constitutional Assembly was charged with the responsibility of drafting the country’s new constitution and had called for submissions, inter alia, on the issues of its various national symbols. It received 118 submissions recommending the retention of the new flag and 35 suggesting changes to it. Thus on 28 September 1995 it decided that the flag should be retained unchanged and accordingly it was included as Section One of the Constitution of South Africa which came into force in February 1997.[9]
Proper display of the flag[edit]
See also: List of South African flags
The South African government published guidelines for proper display of the flag at designated flag stations, in Government Notice 510 of 8 June 2001 (Gazette number 22356). These rules apply only to official flag stations and not to the general public.
The Southern African Vexillological Association (SAVA), a non-official association for the study of flags, published their own guide for proper display of the flag in 2002. This guide has no official authority but was drawn up with generally accepted vexillological etiquette and principles in mind.[10]
Heraldic description[edit]
An addendum to the Transitional Executive Council agenda (April 1994) described the flag in heraldic terms as follows:
The National flag shall be rectangular in the proportion of two in the width to three to the length; per pall from the hoist, the upper band red (chilli) and lower band blue, with a black triangle at the hoist; over the partition lines a green pall one fifth the width of the flag, fimbriated white against the red and blue, and gold against the black triangle at the hoist, and the width of the pall and its fimbriations is one third the width of the flag.
Schedule One of the Constitution of South Africa (1996) replaced the heraldic definition and described the flag in plain English as follows:[11]
The national flag is rectangular; it is one and a half times as long as it is wide.
It is black, gold, green, white, chilli red and blue.
It has a green Y-shaped band that is one fifth as wide as the flag. The centre lines of the band start in the top and bottom corners next to the flag post, converge in the centre of the flag, and continue horizontally to the middle of the free edge.
The green band is edged, above and below in white, and towards the flag post end, in gold. Each edging is one fifteenth as wide as the flag.
The triangle next to the flag post is black.
The upper horizontal band is chilli red and the lower horizontal band is blue. These bands are each one third as wide as the flag.
See also[edit]
List of South African flags
Coat of arms of South Africa
National anthem of South Africa
National symbols of South Africa
Southern African Vexillological Association
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Flags of the World. "South African Vessels Ensign". Retrieved 2005-03-20.
Jump up ^ Volker Preuß. "Südafrika – Großbritannien Flaggensystem eingeführt" (in German). Retrieved 2008-05-26.
Jump up ^ Merchant Shipping Act 1951 (South Africa); South Africa Government Gazette No 6085 dated 25 July 1958.
Jump up ^ Brownell, Frederick G (2015). Convergence and Unification : The National Flag of South Africa (1994) in historical perspective, (PhD). Pretoria: University of Pretoria.
Jump up ^ Brownell, F. G. (1993). National and Provincial Symbols and Flora and Fauna Emblems of the Republic of South Africa. C. van Rensburg. ISBN 978-0-86846-074-1.
Jump up ^ "New flag". The Glasgow Herald. 12 September 1968. p. 18 col C. Retrieved 2016-04-18.
Jump up ^ "Fred Brownell: The man who made South Africa's flag". BBC News. 27 April 2014. Retrieved 27 April 2014.
Jump up ^ South Africa Government Gazette No 15663 dated 20 April 1994.
Jump up ^ Bruce B Berry : “Zero to Hero” - the role of the national flag in nation building in post-apartheid South Africa, paper presented at the 26th International Congress of Vexillology, Sydney, Australia (September 2015)
Jump up ^ "No need to get in a flap over flag etiquette". IOL News. 12 September 2002. Retrieved 2013-03-23.
Jump up ^ "Schedule 1 to the South African Constitution, 1996" (PDF). Department of Justice and Constitutional Development. Retrieved 21 January 2014.
Further reading[edit]
Saker, Harry (1980). The South African flag controversy, 1925-1928. Cape Town: Oxford University Press.
Pama, C (1984). Die vlae van Suider-Afrika (in Afrikaans). Tafelberg. ISBN 978-0-624-02070-7.
Brownell, F.G. (March 1994). "The Union Jack over Southern and Central Africa: 1795–1994". SAVA Journal. ISBN 0-620-18833-2.
Van Zyl, J.A. (April 1995). "The History of Flags of South Africa before 1900". SAVA Journal. ISBN 0-620-19798-6.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Flags of South Africa.
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Flag of South Africa
Southern African Vexillological Association (SAVA)
South Africa at Flags of the World
South Africa (1928-1994) at Flags of the World
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values: Հարավաֆրիկյան Հանրապետության դրոշ – Armenian

values: दक्षिण अफ्रीका का ध्वज – Hindi

values: Zastava Južnoafričke Republike – Croatian

values: খা আফ্রিকার ফিরালহান – Bishnupriya

values: דגל דרום אפריקה – Hebrew

values: Pietų Afrikos Respublikos vėliava – Lithuanian

values: A Dél-afrikai Köztársaság zászlaja – Hungarian

values: Знаме на Јужноафриканската Република – Macedonian

values: दक्षिण आफ्रिकेचा ध्वज – Marathi

values: 南アフリカの国旗 – Japanese

values: Flag faan Süüdafrikoo – Northern Frisian

values: Det sørafrikanske flagget – Norwegian Nynorsk

values: Флаг Южно-Африканской Республики – Russian

values: Застава Јужноафричке Републике – Serbian

values: Zastava Južnoafričke Republike – Serbo-Croatian

values: ธงชาติแอฟริกาใต้ – Thai

values: Güney Afrika Cumhuriyeti bayrağı – Turkish

values: Прапор Південно-Африканської Республіки – Ukrainian

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