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The Jungle Book (2016 film)
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This article is about Disney's 2016 film. For Warner Bros' upcoming film, see Mowgli (film). For other films and related topics, see The Jungle Book (franchise).
The Jungle Book
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Jon Favreau
Produced by
Jon Favreau
Brigham Taylor
Screenplay by
Justin Marks
Based on
Disney's The Jungle Book[1]
The Jungle Book
by Rudyard Kipling
Starring
Bill Murray
Ben Kingsley
Idris Elba
Lupita Nyong'o
Scarlett Johansson
Giancarlo Esposito
Christopher Walken
Neel Sethi
Narrated by
Ben Kingsley
Music by
John Debney
(The Jungle Book themes composed by George Bruns)
Cinematography
Bill Pope
Edited by
Mark Livolsi
Production
company
Walt Disney Pictures
Fairview Entertainment
Distributed by
Walt Disney Studios
Motion Pictures
Release date
April 4, 2016 (2016-04-04) (El Capitan Theatre)
April 15, 2016 (2016-04-15) (United States)
Running time
106 minutes[2]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$175 million[3][4]
Box office
$966.6 million[5]
The Jungle Book is a 2016 American fantasy adventure film, directed and co-produced by Jon Favreau, produced by Walt Disney Pictures, and written by Justin Marks. Based on Rudyard Kipling's eponymous collective works and inspired by Walt Disney's 1967 animated film of the same name,[6][7] The Jungle Book is a live-action/CGI film that tells the story of Mowgli, an orphaned human boy who, guided by his animal guardians, sets out on a journey of self-discovery while evading the threatening Shere Khan. The film introduces Neel Sethi as Mowgli and also features the voices of Bill Murray, Ben Kingsley, Idris Elba, Lupita Nyong'o, Scarlett Johansson, Giancarlo Esposito, and Christopher Walken.
Favreau, Marks and producer Brigham Taylor developed the film's story as a balance between Disney's animated adaptation and Kipling's original works, borrowing elements from both into the film. Principal photography commenced in 2014,[citation needed] with filming taking place entirely in Los Angeles. The film required extensive use of computer-generated imagery to portray the animals and settings.[8]
The Jungle Book was released in North America in Disney Digital 3-D, RealD 3D, IMAX 3D, D-Box, and premium large formats, on April 15, 2016. It became a critical and commercial success, grossing over $966 million, making it the fifth-highest-grossing film of 2016 and the 36th-highest-grossing film of all time. The film won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects at the 89th Academy Awards.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
2.1 Voice cast
3 Production
3.1 Development and casting
3.2 Filming and visual effects
3.3 Sound
4 Music
4.1 Soundtrack
4.1.1 Track listing
5 Release
5.1 Home media
6 Reception
6.1 Box office
6.1.1 United States and Canada
6.1.2 Other Countries
6.2 Critical response
6.3 Accolades
7 Sequel
8 References
9 External links
Plot[edit]
Mowgli is a "man cub" raised by the wolf Raksha and her pack, led by Akela, in an Indian jungle ever since he was brought to them as a baby by the black panther Bagheera. Bagheera trains Mowgli to learn the ways of the wolves, but the boy faces certain challenges and falls behind his wolf siblings while Akela disapproves of him using human tricks like building tools instead of learning the ways of the pack.
One day, during the dry season, the jungle animals gather to drink the water that remains as part of a truce during a drought that enables the jungle's wildlife to drink without fear of being eaten by their predators. The truce is disrupted when a scarred tiger named Shere Khan arrives detecting Mowgli's scent in the large crowd. Resentful against man for scarring him, he issues a warning that he will kill Mowgli at the end of the drought. After the drought ends, the wolves debate whether they should keep Mowgli or not. Mowgli decides to leave the jungle for the safety of his pack. Bagheera agrees with the decision and volunteers to guide him to the nearby man village.
En route, Shere Khan ambushes them and injures Bagheera, but Mowgli manages to escape. Later, Mowgli meets an enormous python named Kaa who hypnotizes him. While under her influence, Mowgli sees a vision of his father being mauled while protecting him from Shere Khan. The vision also warns of the destructive power of the "red flower" (fire). Kaa attempts to devour Mowgli, but she is attacked by a large brown sloth bear named Baloo, rescuing an unconscious Mowgli. Baloo and Mowgli bond while retrieving some difficult-to-access honey for Baloo and Mowgli agrees to stay with Baloo until the winter season arrives. Upon learning that Mowgli has left the jungle, Shere Khan kills Akela and threatens the pack to lure Mowgli out.
Bagheera eventually finds Mowgli and Baloo and is angered that Mowgli has not joined the humans as agreed, but Baloo calms him down and persuades both of them to sleep on it. During the night, Mowgli finds a herd of Indian elephants gathered around a ditch and uses his vines to save a baby elephant from the ditch. Although Baloo and Bagheera are both impressed, Baloo realizes that he cannot guarantee Mowgli's safety after learning that he is being hunted by Shere Khan. Baloo agrees to push Mowgli away to get him to continue onward to the man village.
Mowgli is kidnapped by the "Bandar-log" (monkeys) who present him to their leader, a giant ape named King Louie. Assuming that all humans can make fire, King Louie offers Mowgli protection from Shere Khan in exchange for it. Baloo distracts King Louie while Bagheera tries to sneak him out, but their plan is discovered. As King Louie chases Mowgli through his temple, he informs Mowgli of Akela's death. King Louie's rampage eventually causes his temple to collapse on top of him. Furious that Baloo and Bagheera never told him about Akela's death, Mowgli goes to confront Shere Khan alone.
Mowgli steals a lit torch at the village to use as a weapon and heads back to the jungle, accidentally starting a wildfire in the process. He confronts Shere Khan, who argues that Mowgli has made himself the enemy of the jungle by causing the wildfire. Mowgli throws the torch into the water, giving Shere Khan the advantage. Baloo, Bagheera, and the wolf pack intervene and hold Shere Khan off, giving Mowgli enough time to set a trap. He lures Shere Khan up a dead tree and onto a branch, which breaks under the tiger's weight and Shere Khan falls into the fire to his death. Mowgli then directs the elephants to divert the river and put out the fire.
In the aftermath, Raksha becomes the new leader of the wolf pack. Mowgli decides to utilize his equipment and tricks for his own use, having found his true home and calling with his wolf family, Baloo, and Bagheera.
Cast[edit]
Main article: List of The Jungle Book characters
Neel Sethi, the actor who portrayed Mowgli
Neel Sethi as Mowgli, a young boy who was raised by wolves.
Kendrick Reyes as toddler Mowgli
Ritesh Rajan as Mowgli's father
Voice cast[edit]
Bill Murray as Baloo, a Sloth bear who befriends Mowgli.
Ben Kingsley as Bagheera, a Black panther who is Mowgli's mentor and protector.
Idris Elba as Shere Khan, a fearsome, scar-faced tiger with a grudge against Mowgli.
Lupita Nyong'o as Raksha, a female wolf who is Mowgli's adoptive mother.
Scarlett Johansson as Kaa, an enormous python.
Giancarlo Esposito as Akela, a male wolf who leads the pack.
Christopher Walken as King Louie, a giant ape who rules the Bandar-log.
Garry Shandling as Ikki, a porcupine that observes the Water Truce.[1]
Brighton Rose as Grey Brother, a wolf cub that is Mowgli's adoptive brother.[1]
Jon Favreau as Fred, a Pygmy Hog.[1]
Sam Raimi as a giant squirrel.[1]
Russell Peters as Rocky, a rhinoceros.[1]
Madeleine Favreau as Raquel, a rhinoceros.[1]
Sara Arrington as an antelope [1]
Emjay Anthony, Max Favreau, Chloe Hechter, Asher Blinkoff, Knox Gagnon, Sasha Schrieber, and Kai Schrieber voice the Young Wolves.[1]
Dee Bradley Baker, Artie Esposito, Sean Johnson, and Allan Trautman provide additional animal voices.[1]
Production[edit]
Development and casting[edit]
"The idea of going out to the jungle and shooting this, it just felt like it wouldn't have the magic that the 1967 film had had. There was a dreamlike quality to it. There was a surreal quality to it. It was a high-water mark for character animation and to me, that's what I remember about it. And so I wanted to make sure we preserved that...But what [Alan] Horn said was: Look at the technology. Look at Life of Pi, Avatar. Why not use the technology to create a whole world that transports you? Let's really embrace this new technology and see what we can do if we push its limit."
— Jon Favreau on approaching the film's technical intent.[9]
Walt Disney Pictures announced that a live-action remake of The Jungle Book was in development on July 9, 2013, with Justin Marks set to write the script.[10] The film would be Disney's second live-action adaptation of Rudyard Kipling's works, following the 1994 film, and the studio's third overall after the 1967 animated musical. Jon Favreau was later confirmed as director on November 5, 2013.[11] Favreau as a child used to watch Disney's 1967 animated musical version.[12] He felt the need to strike a balance between the two films by retaining the buoyant spirit of the 1967 film, including some of its memorable songs, while crafting a movie with more realism and peril. He also stressed the importance of nature and realized how things have shifted during Kipling's time and now, "In Kipling's time, nature was something to be overcome. Now nature is something to be protected."[12] He was encouraged by Walt Disney Studios chairman Alan Horn to take advantage of the film's setting and story as an opportunity to use the latest advancements in photorealistic rendering, computer-generated imagery, and motion capture technologies.[13] The story of the film is not independently taken from Kipling's works, but also borrows cinematic inspirations from other films, including the child-mentor relationship in Shane (1953), the establishment of rules in a dangerous world from Goodfellas (1990) and the use of a shadowy jungle figure in Apocalypse Now (1979).[12]
The cast was announced between March and August 2014, with Idris Elba being announced to voice Shere Khan during early stages and Bill Murray eventually confirmed as the voice of Baloo in August 2014. Between then, Scarlett Johansson, Ben Kingsley, and Christopher Walken were confirmed to play Kaa, Bagheera, and King Louie.[14][15][16][17] Favreau decided to cast Johansson to play Kaa, originally a male character, as he felt the original film was "a little too male-oriented."[18] Favreau and Marks noticed the lack of female characters in the 1967 film version and wanted to address that by featuring Raksha's character more prominently, as in Kipling's tales.[12] Lupita Nyong'o was cast as Raksha as Favreau believed her voice imbued the emotion required for the role, "Lupita has tremendous depth of emotion in her performance. There's an emotional underpinning she brings, and a strength, and we wanted that for this surrogate mother. Much of that comes from her voice."[19] Favreau also decided to change King Louie from an orangutan to a Gigantopithecus due to the fact that orangutans are not native to India, where the story takes place.[7] His character was given a slight alteration from the 1967 film and was partly inspired by Marlon Brando's character Colonel Kurtz in Apocalypse Now,[12] as well as incorporating Walken's own physical mannerisms.[20] In regards to Louie's changes, Favreau stated, "We created this looming figure that was trying to extract the secret of fire from Mowgli. And also this gave Mowgli the idea that if he had fire, he could have power over Shere Khan, whether it was good or bad. So there was a Lord of the Rings aspect to that; the fire was almost like the ring in that was going to give someone ultimate power, but corrupt them as well as create destruction."[21] The film is dedicated to Garry Shandling, who voiced a porcupine in the film and died of a heart attack before the film's release.
The search for casting Mowgli was extensive, with thousands of children auditioning from the United States, the United Kingdom, New Zealand, and Canada. Eventually, newcomer Neel Sethi was confirmed for the role, with casting director Rebecca Williams describing him as embodying "the heart, humor, and daring of the character. He's warm and accessible, yet also has an intelligence well beyond his years and impressed us all with his ability to hold his own in any situation."[22] Sethi underwent parkour training in preparation for the role.[8] Pixar Animation Studios assisted in the development of the story, as well as providing suggestions for the film's end credits sequence.[23]
Filming and visual effects[edit]
Principal photography took place entirely on sound stages at L.A. Center Studios[21] in downtown Los Angeles.[19][24] The animal characters were created entirely in key frame computer animation, with the assistance of footage of real animal movement, the actors recording their lines, and performance capture for reference.[7] The production team underwent a thorough process to realistically convey the animals' speaking, while still making them perceptually believable to the audience. Favreau researched earlier films featuring anthropomorphic animals—including Walt Disney's animated features, such as Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and Bambi, as well as modern films such as Babe—and adopted certain techniques from those films into The Jungle Book.[21] Nearly 70 separate species of animals native to India are featured in the film, with several species being portrayed as "150% larger" than their actual counterparts.[21]
Jim Henson's Creature Shop was brought in to provide animal puppet figures for Sethi to act against, although none appear in the finished film.[25] The animal puppets were performed by Artie Esposito, Sean Johnson, Allan Trautman, and April Warren.[1] Favreau utilized motion capture with certain actors, expressing a desire to avoid overusing the technology in order to prevent evoking an uncanny valley effect.[7][18]
Moving Picture Company (MPC) and Weta Digital created the film's visual effects.[13] MPC developed new software for animating muscular structure in the animals.[21] Around 1,000 remote jungle locations in India were photographed and used as reference in post-production.[26] Weta was responsible for animating the King Louie sequence, with visual effects supervisor Keith Miller adding that, "It was important for Jon to see Christopher Walken in the creature. So we took some of the distinctive Walken facial features—iconic lines, wrinkles and folds—and integrated them into the animated character."[27] Favreau expressed desire in wanting the film's 3D shots to imbue the abilities of the multiplane camera system utilized in Disney's earlier animated films.[23] At Favreau's behest, the idea was extended into the film's version of the Walt Disney Pictures opening production logo, which was recreated as "a hand-painted, cel-animated multi-plane logo" in homage to the animated films of that era, also incorporating the word "Presents" in the same style as the 1967 film's opening credits.[23] The film's ending also features the original physical book that opened the 1967 film.[23]
Sound[edit]
Director Jon Favreau and composer John Debney sought to recreate the Fantasound experience Walt Disney, himself, had in mind. When mixing the soundtrack in Dolby Atmos, as Favreau said, "we isolated instruments when we could. And in the sound mix, we created a Fantasound mix. If you see the film in Atmos, you will feel that there are instruments that move around the theater."[28] A mention for Fantasound appears in the film's closing credits.
Music[edit]
The musical score for The Jungle Book was composed and conducted by frequent Favreau collaborator John Debney,[29] mostly drawing from George Bruns' original music. Though Favreau decided not to make the film a musical, nevertheless, he and Debney incorporated several songs from the 1967 animated film.[30] "The Bare Necessities," written by Terry Gilkyson, is performed by Murray and Sethi,[12] and a cover version by Dr. John is featured in the end credits. "I Wan'na Be Like You" and "Trust in Me"—written by the Sherman Brothers—are performed by Walken and Johansson, respectively; Richard M. Sherman wrote revised lyrics for Walken's version of "I Wan'na Be Like You."[12] Johansson's rendition of "Trust in Me" was produced by Mark Ronson and appears in the end credits only.[12]
Soundtrack[edit]
The Jungle Book (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)
Film score by John Debney
Released
April 15, 2016
Recorded
2015–16
Studio
Sony Pictures Studios (score)
Esplanade Studios, New Orleans
Chalice Recording Studios
Music Shed Studios, New Orleans
Genre
Orchestral, swing jazz
Length
74:17
Label
Walt Disney
Producer
John Debney
John Debney chronology
The Young Messiah
(2016) The Young Messiah2016 The Jungle Book
(2016) The Jungle Book2016 Mother's Day
(2016) Mother's Day2016
Walt Disney Records released the film's soundtrack on April 15, 2016.[31]
Track listing[edit]
No.
Title
Writer(s)
Performer(s)
Length
1. "The Bare Necessities" Terry Gilkyson Dr. John and The Nite Trippers 3:36
2. "Trust in Me" Richard M. Sherman, Robert B. Sherman Scarlett Johansson 2:55
3. "Main Titles[Note 1] / Jungle Run" John Debney & George Bruns 2:27
4. "Wolves / Law of the Jungle" John Debney 2:16
5. "Water Truce" John Debney 3:40
6. "Rains Return" John Debney 1:46
7. "Mowgli's Leaving / Elephant Theme" John Debney 3:28
8. "Shere Khan Attacks / Stampede" John Debney 2:06
9. "Kaa / Baloo to the Rescue" 5:21
10. "Honeycomb Climb" 3:31
11. "Man Village" 2:59
12. "Mowgli and the Pit" 3:26
13. "Monkeys Kidnap Mowgli" 1:52
14. "Arriving at King Louie's Temple" 4:35
15. "Cold Lair Chase" 4:03
16. "Red Flower" 3:15
17. "To the River" 3:05
18. "Shere Khan's War Theme" 2:37
19. "Shere Khan and the Fire" 4:52
20. "Elephant Waterfall" 3:27
21. "Mowgli Wins the Race" 0:41
22. "Jungle Book Closes" 2:16
23. "I Wan'na Be Like You" Richard M. Sherman, Robert B. Sherman Christopher Walken 3:02
24. "The Bare Necessities" Terry Gilkyson Bill Murray, Kermit Ruffins 3:01
Total length: 74:17
Note 1. ^ Original "When You Wish Upon a Star" melody composed by Leigh Harline; Walt Disney Pictures logo melody composed by Mark Mancina.
Release[edit]
Jon Favreau at the premiere of The Jungle Book in Sydney, Australia
The film was originally scheduled for October 9, 2015, but the film's release date was later postponed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures to April 15, 2016.[32][33] The film was released in the Dolby Vision format in Dolby Cinema in the United States,[34] and is the first film to be released in Dolby Vision 3D (in a few select theaters in New York City and Chicago).[35] The Jungle Book held its world premiere at the El Capitan Theatre on April 4, 2016.[36] It was released in 15 countries, a week ahead of its U.S. debut on April 15, in countries like Argentina, Australia, Russia, Malaysia, and most notably in India on April 8.[37] The release date in India was strategic for the film as it coincided with the Indian New Year and was a holiday in most parts of the country.[38] Disney India commissioned a contemporary recording of "Jungle Jungle Baat Chali Hai," overseen by the song's composers Vishal Bhardwaj and Gulzar, and released it as part of the film's promotional campaign in India.[39][40]
Home media[edit]
The film was released digitally on August 23, 2016, and on DVD and Blu-ray on August 30 (August 22 in the UK[41]). A 3D Blu-ray was said to be coming by the end of the year.[42] The film topped the NPD VideoScan overall disc sales chart for two consecutive weeks.[43][44]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
The film became a huge financial success and a surprise hit.[45] It briefly held the record for the biggest remake of all time until the studio's own Beauty and the Beast surpassed it the following year.[46] It grossed $364 million in the United States and Canada and $602.5 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $966.6 million, against a budget of $175 million.[5] Worldwide, the film was released across 28,000 RealD 3D screens[35] and had an IMAX worldwide opening of $20.4 million from 901 IMAX screens, a new record for a PG film.[47] It grossed a total of $39 million in IMAX screens worldwide.[48] On May 13, it became the second film of 2016 (after the studio's own Zootopia) to pass the $800 million mark.[49][50] On June 10, it became the third film of 2016 after Zootopia and Captain America: Civil War to pass the $900 million mark.[51] Deadline.com calculated the net profit of the film to be $258 million, when factoring together all expenses and revenues for the film, making it the sixth-most profitable release of 2016.[52]
United States and Canada[edit]
Projections for its opening weekend in the United States and Canada were continuously revised upwards, starting from $60 million to as high as $88 million, with female and older male quadrants being the prime draw.[3][35][53][54] The Jungle Book was shown across 4,028 theaters of which 3,100 theaters (75%) were in 3D, including 376 IMAX screens, 463 premium large format screens, and 145 D-Box locations.[3][4][55] It opened Friday, April 15, 2016, on around 9,500 screens across 4,028 theaters, and earned $32.4 million, the fourth-biggest April Friday.[35][56] This includes $4.2 million from Thursday previews, the biggest preview number for a Disney live-adaptation film (tied with Maleficent),[57] an almost unheard-of for a PG title which rarely attracts many ticketbuyers later in the night.[58] In total, it earned $103.3 million in its opening weekend, exceeding expectations by 40% and recorded the biggest PG-rated April opening (breaking Hop's record), the second-biggest Disney live-action adaptation opening (behind Alice in Wonderland), and the second-biggest April opening (behind Furious 7).[35][59][60] It also performed exceptionally well in both 3D and IMAX formats, where they both generated an income of $44 million and $10.4 million of the film's opening-weekend gross, respectively, the later broke the record for the biggest April Disney release IMAX opening.[35][47] Notably, it also became the only second PG-rated release to ever open above $100 million (following Alice in Wonderland) and the third film of 2016 overall to open above $100 million (following Deadpool and Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice).[35][61] It earned $130.7 million in its first full week, the second-biggest for a Disney live-action adaptation, behind only Alice in Wonderland's $146.6 million seven-day gross.[62]
Buoyed by excellent word of mouth and benefiting from spring break, it fell only by 40% in its second weekend earning $61.5 million, still maintaining the top position and far surpassing newcomer The Huntsman: Winter's War.[63] That puts The Jungle Book in the top fifteen second weekends of all time and in terms of films that opened above $100 million, it scored the fourth-smallest drop behind Shrek 2 (−33%), Spider-Man (−39%), and Star Wars: The Force Awakens (−39%).[64][65] Of those numbers, $5.6 million came from IMAX shows for a two weekend cumulative total of $18.4 million which represents about 10% of its entire North American box office gross.[63] It crossed $200 million on its twelfth day of release[66] and managed to hold the top spot for the third consecutive weekend with $43.7 million from 4,041 theaters (an addition of 13 more theaters), a fall of only 29%, outgrossing the next six pictures combined (including the openings of three newcomers)[67] and recorded the sixth-biggest third weekend of all time.[68] Moreover, the 29% drop is the smallest third-weekend drop (from its second weekend) for a $100 million opener ever.[68] Disney added an additional 103 theaters for the film's fourth weekend of release which propelled its theater count to 4,144 theaters,[69] but nevertheless, it was overtaken by Disney's own Captain America: Civil War after experiencing a 50% decline.[70][71] It passed $300 million on its thirtieth day of release, on May 14, as it continued to witness marginal declines in the wake of several new releases weekend after weekend.[72] It made 3.53 times its opening weekend numbers, which is one of the biggest of all time for a film opening above $100 million. It became one of the few surprise hits and one of the highest-grossing films of the year, alongside Finding Dory, The Secret Life of Pets, and Zootopia, centered around talking animals to dominate the year-end chart.[45]
Other Countries[edit]
The film was released in approximately 70 countries.[73] Outside the US and Canada, it opened across 15 markets and 69 IMAX screens a week ahead of its US debut, and faced notable competition from newcomer The Huntsman: Winter's War and holdover Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, the latter of which was entering its third weekend. The reason behind the divided release pattern was because Disney wanted to get some space before Captain America: Civil War releases in early May, as well as availing school holidays and avoiding local competitors.[74] It eventually grossed $31.7 million, debuting at first place in all markets and second overall at the international box office, behind Dawn of Justice, which was playing across 67 markets.[74] In its second weekend, it expanded to an additional 49 countries (88% of its total marketplace) and grossed $138.6 million from 64 countries, easily topping the international box office, a bulk of it came from China.[75] Approximately 63% or $85 million of that came from 3D screenings, with the largest 3D opening haul represented by China (98%), Germany (83%), Brazil (73%), Russia (60%), Mexico (47%), and the UK (39%).[75] $10 million alone came from 525 IMAX screens, a record for a PG and April release.[47] It further continued to hold the top spot in its third weekend after adding another $98.9 million from 53 territories, falling only by a marginal 32%. IMAX generated another $6.1 million from 484 IMAX theaters for a three-weekend total of $20.6 million.[48] After three straight No. 1 runs, it was finally dethroned by the studio's Captain America: Civil War in its fourth weekend.[76]
In India, it scored the second-biggest opening day for a Hollywood film, earning $1.51 million (behind Avengers: Age of Ultron) from around 1,500 screens[77] and went on to score the second-biggest Hollywood opening weekend of all time, with $8.4 million from 1,600 screens, behind only Furious 7 in terms of local as well as U.S. currency,[78][79] performing better than expected and its initial $5–6 million opening projection.[77] Its opening weekend in India alone surpassed the entire lifetime total of Disney's other live-fantasy adaptations—Cinderella, Maleficent, Oz the Great and Powerful, and Alice in Wonderland—in the country.[74] It then went on to score the biggest opening and single week for a Hollywood film with $15.1 million.[73][80] In its second weekend, it dropped just by a mere 40% to $4.97 million.[81] In just ten days, it became the fourth-highest-grossing Hollywood film there with $21.2 million.[59] On Wednesday, April 19—its twelfth day of release—it surpassed Furious 7 to become the highest-grossing Hollywood/foreign release of all time there.[82][83] By the end of its theatrical run, the film made an estimated $38.8 million with half of its revenue—58%—coming from local dubbed versions, compared to Avengers: Age of Ultron, which saw 45% of its revenue from dubbed versions.[84]
In China, where the film was locally known as Fantasy Forest, expectations were high, with projections going as high $154–200 million or more.[85][86][87][88] Ultimately, it was unable to hit these marks.[72] Before the release of the film in the state, Disney had a very successful run at the box office with Zootopia the previous month, in which anthropomorphic animals were the central figure.[89] Forbes noted that The Jungle Book was precisely the sort of film that Chinese audiences love with its 3D visuals, heartwarming story, and talking animal cast.[86] It earned around $12 million on its opening day, including $300,000 worth of previews from 65,000 screenings.[86] Buoyed by good word of mouth and positive reception (albeit mostly from audiences with polarized reception from Chinese critics),[90] it rose 72% on its second day to $20 million.[88] Through its opening weekend it grossed $48.5 million, including $5.1 million from 279 IMAX screens, a new record for April release.[59][91] Its opening marked the biggest Walt Disney Pictures film opening ever,[92] the second-biggest for a family film (behind Kung Fu Panda 3), the second-biggest April debut (behind Furious 7), and the fourth-biggest Disney opening (behind Avengers: Age of Ultron, Iron Man 3, and Star Wars: The Force Awakens).[93] It topped the daily box office through the whole opening week and went on to remain at the top of the box office for a second weekend, after dropping by a mere 20% to $29.8 million, despite facing some competitions.[94] It ended its run there with a total of $150.1 million after thirty days of playing in theaters, adding $1.2 million on its last day. Albeit falling just below expectations, it nevertheless emerged as a huge financial success and becoming the fourth-biggest Disney release there.[72][95]
In the United Kingdom and Ireland, it had an opening weekend total of £9.9 million ($14.1 million) from 594 theaters[96] and in France with $8.1 million.[75] Elsewhere, the highest openings were recorded in Russia and the CIS ($7.4 million), Germany ($5.1 million), Spain ($3.9 million), Australia ($2.8 million), Argentina ($2.3 million), and in Malaysia, where it scored the biggest opening weekend for a live-action Disney film with $2.3 million.[74][75] In the UK, it became the first film of 2016 to earn over £5 million in three straight weekends and the first film since Jurassic World, Spectre, and Star Wars: The Force Awakens (all 2015 films) to achieve such an accomplishment,[97] and the first film of 2016 to earn above £40 million ($58 million).[98] In South Korea, it faced competition with Warcraft, but ended up debuting atop the charts with $6.2 million.[99] It has so far grossed a total of $18 million there.[100]
It opened in Japan on August 11, alongside the superhero film X-Men: Apocalypse[92][101] and delivered a four-day opening of $6.2 million from 676 screens ($3 million in two days), debuting at second place behind The Secret Life of Pets. Although the opening figure was considered mediocre, Deadline.com noted that Japan is a market that can see big multiples.[102][103] It fell just 30% in its second weekend earning $2.1 million for an eleven-day total of $13.7 million.[104][105]
In total earnings, its biggest markets outside of the US and Canada were China ($150.1 million), the United Kingdom ($66.2 million) and India ($38.8 million).[95] It was the highest-grossing film of 2016 in Europe with a total of $209 million,[106] the United Kingdom and Ireland,[107] and in India (although it was later surpassed by Sultan, in terms of Hollywood/imported films, it is still the biggest).[108]
Critical response[edit]
The vocal performances of Bill Murray (left), Idris Elba (middle), and Ben Kingsley (right) were particularly praised.[109][110][111][112]
The film received praise for its visual effects, vocal performances, direction, musical score, and its faithfulness to the animated film.[113][114][115] On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 95%, based on 293 reviews, with an average rating of 7.7/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "As lovely to behold as it is engrossing to watch, The Jungle Book is the rare remake that actually improves upon its predecessors—all while setting a new standard for CGI."[116] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 77 out of 100, based on 49 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews."[117] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale. Ninety-seven percent of the audience gave the film an A or a B. It got As from both the under- and over-25 crowd and A+ among those under 18 years of age, and also for the over-50 audience.[35]
Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter wrote, "Exceptionally beautiful to behold and bolstered by a stellar vocal cast, this umpteenth film rendition of Rudyard Kipling's tales of young Mowgli's adventures amongst the creatures of the Indian jungle proves entirely engaging, even if it's ultimately lacking in subtext and thematic heft."[118] Andrew Barker of Variety felt that this version "can't rival the woolly looseness of Disney's 1967 animated classic, of course, but it succeeds on its own so well that such comparisons are barely necessary."[119] Robbie Collin of The Telegraph gave the film four stars out of five, and deemed it "a sincere and full-hearted adaptation that returns to Kipling for fresh inspiration."[120] Alonso Duralde of The Wrap says "This 'Book' might lack the post-vaudeville razzamatazz of its predecessor, but director Jon Favreau and a team of effects wizards plunge us into one of the big screen's most engrossing artificial worlds since Avatar."[121] Peter Bradshaw, writing for The Guardian, gave the film four out of five stars and felt that the film had a touch of Apocalypto in it, finding the plot elements to be similar to those in The Lion King. He wrote that the film was "spectacular, exciting, funny and fun" and that it "handsomely revives the spirit of Disney's original film."[122] Pete Hammond of Deadline.com wrote that the film had laughs, excitement, an exceptional voice cast and, most importantly, a lot of heart, calling it a cinematic achievement like no other. He particularly praised Murray's performance and the visual effects, deeming it "simply astonishing."[123] Chris Nashawaty of Entertainment Weekly graded the film an "A–," calling it one of the biggest surprises of 2016. He, however, felt the two songs were rather unnecessary and distracting, and believed the film to be a little too frightening for children.[124]
Richard Roeper of Chicago Sun-Times awarded the film three-and-a-half stars, pointing out the CGI as the apex achievement of the film. He labelled it "a beautifully rendered, visually arresting take on Rudyard Kipling's oft-filmed tales" but found the musical numbers to be trivial, saying that without the musical numbers, the film might have been a more exhilarating streamlined adventure.[125] Los Angeles Times' Kenneth Turan remarked that "The Jungle Book is the kind of family film calculated to make even those without families wish they had one to take along."[126] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone awarded the film three-and-a-half stars out of four, labeling it scary and thrilling, yet unique and unforgettable, and adding that it "fills us with something rare in movies today—a sense of wonder."[127] The Village Voice's Bilge Ebiri hailed the film as fast and light and that it "manages to be just scary enough to make us feel the danger of solitude in the middle of a massive jungle, but never indulgent or gratuitous."[128] The New York Times' Manohla Dargis was less enthusiastic.[129] Cath Clarke of Time Out compared Elba's character of Shere Khan to Scar from The Lion King, calling him "baddie of the year."[130] Matt Zoller Seitz of RogerEbert.com also had high praise for Elba's portrayal of Shere Khan stating: "His loping menace is envisioned so powerfully that he'd be scary no matter what, but the character becomes a great villain through imaginative empathy. We understand and appreciate his point-of-view, even though carrying it out would mean the death of Mowgli."[111]
The film's visual effects and 3D photography received acclaim, with comparisons being made to the likes of Avatar, Gravity, Hugo, and Life of Pi.[113][121][131] Sarah Ward of Screen International wrote that the level of detail on display in the film "is likely to evoke the same jaw-dropping reaction as James Cameron's box office topper."[132] Entertainment Weekly called it "one of the few 3D movies that actually benefits from being in 3D."[124] The film also garnered a positive reception from Indian contemporary critics and publications,[133] such as The Times of India,[134] The Hindu,[135] India Today,[136] The Indian Express,[137] and The Economic Times.[138]
The film also had its share of negative reviews with most reviewers criticizing the inconsistent tone of the film and the director's indecision to stick to one vision. Sam C. Mac of Slant Magazine wrote, "Jon Favreau draws heavily on his film's animated predecessor for plot, characterizations, songs, and set pieces, but doesn't know how to fit these familiar elements into his own coherent vision".[139] Josh Spiegel of Movie Mezzanine also echoed these feelings, saying that the film "stumbles because the people involved aren't willing to fully commit to either making a near-shot-for-shot remake or going in a completely different direction".[140] Rene Rodriguez of the Miami Herald felt that the movie was soulless, writing that "The better these talking beasts look, the more the film resembles a gorgeous screen saver. You admire The Jungle Book, but you can't lose yourself in it".[141]
Accolades[edit]
Main article: List of accolades received by The Jungle Book (2016 film)
Sequel[edit]
Following the film's early financial and critical success, the studio has begun working on a sequel. Jon Favreau is reported to return as director and Neel Sethi is reported to reprise his role of Mowgli, while screenwriter Justin Marks is also in negotiations to return.[142] It was announced on April 25, 2016 that Favreau and Marks will return to direct and write, and the sequel could potentially have a release sometime in 2019 and will be shot back-to-back with a live-action remake of The Lion King.[143][144][145] However, it was reported in March 2017 that the sequel was put on hold in order for Favreau to instead focus mainly on The Lion King.[146]
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Jump up ^ Peter Travis (April 13, 2016). "MOVIE REVIEW The Jungle Book". Rolling Stone. Retrieved April 15, 2016.
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Jump up ^ Manohla Dargis (April 14, 2016). "Review: Recycled 'Jungle Book' Puts a Real Boy in a Forest of Pixels". The New York Times. Retrieved April 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ Clarke, Cath (April 6, 2016). "The Jungle Book". Time Out. Retrieved April 7, 2016.
Jump up ^ Mendelson, Scott (April 4, 2016). "Review: Disney's 'The Jungle Book' Is A Towering Visual Achievement". Forbes. Retrieved April 4, 2016.
Jump up ^ Ward, Sarah (April 3, 2016). "'The Jungle Book': Review". Screen International. Retrieved April 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ Mehta, Ankita (April 7, 2016). "'The Jungle Book' movie review round-up: What critics have to say about Neel Sethi-starrer". International Business Times. Retrieved April 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ Rasquinha, Reagan Gavin (April 7, 2016). "The Jungle Book Movie Review". The Times of India. Retrieved April 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ Ghosh, Sankhayan (April 7, 2016). "The Jungle Book: The law of the jungle prevails". The Hindu. Retrieved April 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ Bhattacharya, Ananya (April 8, 2016). "The Jungle Book movie review: Neel Sethi brings alive Rudyard Kipling's Mowgli". India Today. Retrieved April 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ Langer, Shalini (April 8, 2016). "The Jungle Book movie review, four stars". The Indian Express. Retrieved April 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ Balapurwala, Tasneem (April 8, 2016). "'The Jungle Book' review: A visual and aural treat!". The Economic Times. Retrieved April 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ http://www.slantmagazine.com/film/review/the-jungle-book
Jump up ^ http://moviemezzanine.com/jungle-book-essay/
Jump up ^ http://www.miami.com/039the-jungle-book039-soulless-adventure-pg-article
Jump up ^ Kit, Borys (April 11, 2016). "'Jungle Book 2' in the Works With Jon Favreau, Justin Marks (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved April 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ McClintock, Pamela (April 25, 2016). "Disney Stakes Out Release Dates for 'Jungle Book 2,' 'Maleficent 2' and More". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved April 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ Lang, Brent (April 25, 2016). "Disney Claims Dates for Several New Movies; Confirms 'Jungle Book 2,' 'Mary Poppins' Sequel". Variety. Retrieved April 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ Foutch, Haleigh (December 1, 2016). "Jon Favreau Offers Updates on 'The Lion King' and 'The Jungle Book 2'". Collider.
Jump up ^ Fleming Jr, Mike (March 21, 2017). "Sean Bailey On How Disney's Live-Action Division Found Its 'Beauty And The Beast' Mojo". Deadline.com. Jungle Book director Favreau has temporarily put down a sequel for that film to instead focus on a live-action musical version of The Lion King, one that will take the Jungle Book‘s photo-realistic technology further, and will fully exploit the Elton John songs from the original
External links[edit]
Disney portal
Film in the United States portal
Film portal
2010s portal
Wikiquote has quotations related to: The Jungle Book (2016 film)
Official website
The Jungle Book on IMDb
The Jungle Book at Box Office Mojo
The Jungle Book at Rotten Tomatoes
The Jungle Book at Metacritic
[show]
v
t
e
Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book
Books
The Jungle Book (1894)
The Second Jungle Book (1895)
All the Mowgli Stories (1933)
Mowgli stories
"Mowgli's Brothers"
"Kaa's Hunting"
"Tiger! Tiger!"
"Letting in the Jungle"
"Red Dog"
Other stories
"Rikki-Tikki-Tavi"
"Toomai of the Elephants"
"The White Seal"
Characters
Mowgli
Baloo
Bagheera
Akela
Raksha
Kaa
Hathi
Shere Khan
Bandar-log
King Louie
Disney franchise
Film
The Jungle Book (1967)
The Jungle Book (1994)
The Jungle Book: Mowgli's Story (1998)
The Jungle Book 2 (2003)
The Jungle Book (2016)
Television
TaleSpin (1990–91)
Jungle Cubs (1996–1998)
Soundtrack
"Colonel Hathi's March"
"The Bare Necessities"
"I Wan'na Be like You"
"Trust in Me"
"That's What Friends Are For"
"My Own Home"
"Jungle Jungle Baat Chali Hai"
Video games
The Jungle Book (1993)
The Jungle Book Groove Party (2000)
Other
The Jungle Book: Alive with Magic
Colonel Hathi's Pizza Outpost
Other adaptations
Film
Elephant Boy (1937)
Jungle Book (1942)
Elephant Boy (1973)
Adventures of Mowgli (1973)
The Second Jungle Book: Mowgli & Baloo (1997)
Mowgli's First Adventure: In Search of the Elephant Eye Diamond (1998)
Mowgli (2018)
Television
Mowgli's Brothers (1976)
Jungle Book Shōnen Mowgli (1989–90)
episodes
Mowgli: The New Adventures of the Jungle Book (1998)
The Jungle Book (2010–)
Other
The Third Jungle Book (1992)
A dzsungel könyve
Djungelboken
Related
Law of the jungle
Mowgli syndrome
The Graveyard Book (2008)
[show]
v
t
e
The Sherman Brothers
Richard M. Sherman
Robert B. Sherman
Motion pictures
The Parent Trap (1961)
The Absent-Minded Professor (1961)
Greyfriars Bobby (1961)
Bon Voyage! (1962)
A Symposium on Popular Songs (1962)
In Search of the Castaways (1962)
Big Red (1962)
Moon Pilot (1962)
Summer Magic (1963)
The Sword in the Stone (1963)
The Misadventures of Merlin Jones (1964)
The Moon-Spinners (1964)
Mary Poppins (1964)
Those Calloways (1965)
The Monkey's Uncle (1965)
That Darn Cat! (1965)
Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree (1966)
Follow Me Boys (1966)
The Happiest Millionaire (1967)
The Jungle Book (1967)
The Adventures of Bullwhip Griffin (1967)
The One and Only, Genuine, Original Family Band (1968)
Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (1968)
Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day (1968)
The Aristocats (1970)
Goldilocks (1971)
Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971)
Snoopy, Come Home (1972)
Charlotte's Web (1973)
Tom Sawyer (1973)
Huckleberry Finn (1974)
Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too (1974)
The Slipper and the Rose (1976)
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (1977)
The Magic of Lassie (1978)
Magic Journeys (1982)
Winnie the Pooh and a Day for Eeyore (1983)
Little Nemo: Adventures in Slumberland (1992)
The Mighty Kong (1998)
Seasons of Giving (1999)
The Tigger Movie (2000)
Stage musicals
and musical revues
Victory Canteen (1971)
Over Here! (1974)
Dawgs (1983)
The Slipper and the Rose (1984)
Busker Alley (1994)
Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (2002)
On the Record (2004)
Mary Poppins (2004)
Merry-Go-Round workshop (2007)
A Spoonful of Sherman (2014)
Theme park
attractions
Golden Horseshoe Revue (1955)
King Arthur Carrousel (1955)
Walt Disney's Enchanted Tiki Room (1963)
It's a Small World (1966)
Adventure Thru Inner Space (1967)
Main Street Electrical Parade (1972)
America Sings (1974)
Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress (1975)
America on Parade (1975)
CommuniCore (1982)
Imagination! (1982)
Magic Journeys (1982)
The World Showcase March (1982)
Japan (Epcot) (1982)
Journey into Imagination (1983)
Meet the World (1983)
Innoventions (1998)
Rocket Rods (1998)
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (1999)
Disneyland Forever (2015)
Books
Walt's Time: from before to beyond (1998)
Moose: Chapters From My Life (2013)
Related
The Boys: The Sherman Brothers' Story (2009)
Saving Mr. Banks (2013)
The Jungle Book (2016)
[show]
v
t
e
Films directed by Jon Favreau
Made (2001)
Elf (2003)
Zathura: A Space Adventure (2005)
Iron Man (2008)
Iron Man 2 (2010)
Cowboys & Aliens (2011)
Chef (2014)
The Jungle Book (2016)
The Lion King (2019)
[show]
v
t
e
Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film
The Golden Voyage of Sinbad (1973)
Doc Savage: The Man of Bronze (1974/75)
The Holes (1976)
Oh, God! (1977)
Heaven Can Wait (1978)
The Muppet Movie (1979)
Somewhere in Time (1980)
Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)
The Dark Crystal (1982)
Something Wicked This Way Comes (1983)
Ghostbusters (1984)
Ladyhawke (1985)
The Boy Who Could Fly (1986)
The Princess Bride (1987)
Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988)
Ghost (1989/90)
Edward Scissorhands (1991)
Aladdin (1992)
The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)
Forrest Gump (1994)
Babe (1995)
Dragonheart (1996)
Austin Powers (1997)
The Truman Show (1998)
Being John Malkovich (1999)
Frequency (2000)
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001)
The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002)
The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003)
Spider-Man 2 (2004)
Batman Begins (2005)
Superman Returns (2006)
Enchanted (2007)
The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (2008)
Watchmen (2009)
Alice in Wonderland (2010)
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (2011)
Life of Pi (2012)
Her (2013)
The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies (2014)
Cinderella (2015)
The Jungle Book (2016)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Jungle_Book_(2016_film)&oldid=826521139"
Categories:
2016 films
English-language films
2016 3D films
2010s adventure films
2010s fantasy films
American 3D films
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Disney film remakes
The Jungle Book (franchise)
Films about animals
Films about bears
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Films about orphans
Films about snakes
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Films scored by John Debney
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Films featuring anthropomorphic characters
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Films set in 1893
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Films using computer-generated imagery
Films with live action and animation
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IMAX films
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Hidden categories:
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text:
1977 Mississippi CV-240 crash
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Convair 240 N55VM crash
A Convair CV-240 similar to the accident aircraft
Accident
Date
October 20, 1977
18:52 (CST)
Summary
Fuel exhaustion (pilot error)
Site
Heavily-wooded swamp, Amite County, Mississippi,
five miles (8 km) northeast
of Gillsburg
31°04′19″N 90°35′56″W / 31.072°N 90.599°W / 31.072; -90.599Coordinates: 31°04′19″N 90°35′56″W / 31.072°N 90.599°W / 31.072; -90.599[1]:3
Aircraft
Aircraft type
Convair CV-240
(first flew in 1948)[2]
Operator
L & J Company of
Addison, Texas
Registration
N55VM
Flight origin
Greenville Downtown Airport (South Carolina)
Stopover
McComb-Pike County Airport, Pike County, Mississippi (emergency attempt)
Destination
Baton Rouge Metropolitan Airport (Louisiana)
Passengers
24
Crew
2
Fatalities
6
Survivors
20
crash site
Greenville
Baton Rouge
Locations in the United States
On October 20, 1977, a Convair CV-240 ran out of fuel and crashed near Gillsburg, Mississippi, USA. Chartered by the rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd from L&J Company of Addison, Texas, it was near the end of its flight from Greenville, South Carolina, to Baton Rouge, Louisiana.[3][4]
Lead vocalist/founding member Ronnie Van Zant, guitarist/vocalist Steve Gaines, backing vocalist Cassie Gaines (Steve's older sister), assistant road manager Dean Kilpatrick, pilot Walter McCreary, and co-pilot William Gray all died as a result of the crash; twenty others survived.[5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Crash
2 Cause
3 References
4 Further reading
5 External links
Crash[edit]
On October 20, 1977, three days after releasing their album Street Survivors, Lynyrd Skynyrd's chartered Convair CV-240 airplane ran out of fuel near the end of their flight from South Carolina to Louisiana. The band had just performed at the Greenville Memorial Auditorium and were to play at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge.[2][6]
Upon realizing that the plane had insufficient fuel, the pilots were going to attempt an emergency landing on a small rural airstrip. Despite their efforts, they did not make it and the plane crashed in a wooded area near Gillsburg, Mississippi. Lead singer/founding member Ronnie Van Zant, guitarist/vocalist Steve Gaines, backing vocalist Cassie Gaines, assistant road manager Dean Kilpatrick, pilot Walter McCreary, and copilot William Gray all died in the crash.[2][3][4]
Lynyrd Skynyrd in 1977
Cassie had been so fearful of flying in the Convair that she had preferred to travel in the band's cramped equipment truck instead, but Van Zant convinced her to board the plane on October 20.[7] Keyboard player Billy Powell's nose was nearly torn off as he suffered severe facial lacerations and deep lacerations to his right leg. Decades later, Powell gave a lurid account of the flight's final moments on a VH1 Behind The Music special. He said Van Zant, who wasn't wearing a seat belt, was thrown violently from his seat and died immediately when his head impacted a tree as the plane broke apart. Some elements of Powell's version of the events, however, have been disputed by both drummer Artimus Pyle and Van Zant's widow Judy Van Zant Jenness, who posted the autopsy reports on the band's web site in early 1998 to "set the record straight", while essentially confirming Powell's account.[8] Pyle suffered broken ribs but managed to leave the crash site and notify a nearby resident.[6]
Another member of the band's trio of back-up singers (collectively known as the "Honkettes"), JoJo Billingsley, was not on the plane; she was home sick and planned to join the tour in Little Rock, Arkansas, on October 23.[9] Billingsley said that she had dreamed of the plane crash and begged guitarist/founding member Allen Collins by telephone not to continue using the Convair.[7]
It was later discovered that the very same aircraft had earlier been inspected by members of Aerosmith's flight crew for possible use in their 1977 American tour, but it was rejected because it was felt that neither the plane nor the crew were up to standards. Aerosmith's assistant chief of flight operations, Zunk Buker, told of observing pilots McCreary and Gray sharing a bottle of Jack Daniel's while he and his father inspected the plane.[10] Aerosmith's touring family were quite shaken after receiving word of the crash, as Steven Tyler and Joe Perry had pressured their management into renting that specific plane for use on their tour.[11]
The doomed flight of October 20, 1977 was intended to be the last Lynyrd Skynyrd would make on the Convair CV-240. "We were flying in a plane that looked like it belonged to the Clampett family," said Pyle, and the band had decided that their status as one of the world's top rock acts warranted an upgrade. After arriving in Baton Rouge, the band planned on acquiring a Learjet to replace the 30-year-old plane, which all in the band's circle agreed was well past its prime.[12]
"The National Transportation Safety Board determined that the probable cause of this accident was fuel exhaustion and total loss of power from both engines due to crew inattention to fuel supply. Contributing to the fuel exhaustion were inadequate flight planning and an engine malfunction of undetermined nature in the right engine which resulted in "torching" and higher-than-normal fuel consumption."
—NTSB Accident Report[1]
On the American Top 40 show of February 25, 1978, Casey Kasem reported that musical act LeBlanc & Carr had been bumped from the ill-fated flight. The bands were touring together, and last-minute changes prevented the duo from boarding the plane after initially being offered seats.[11]
When fellow rock band Journey learned of the crash during sessions for their 1978 album Infinity, guitarist Neal Schon and newly hired vocalist Steve Perry composed the song "Patiently", recorded as a memorial to the lost members of Lynyrd Skynyrd.
Cause[edit]
Powell, among others, spoke of seeing flames shooting out of the plane's right engine during a flight just days before the crash. The subsequent NTSB report listed "an engine malfunction of undetermined nature" in that same engine as a contributing factor in the crash [1] Pyle told Howard Stern years later in an interview that the fuel gauge in the older-model plane was known to malfunction and the pilots had neglected to manually check the tanks before taking off. In his book Lynyrd Skynyrd: Remembering the Free Birds of Southern Rock, Gene Odom comes to the conclusion that Gray was potentially impaired and had been observed using cocaine the previous evening;[13] however, toxicology reports from both pilots' autopsies found no traces of alcohol or other drugs.[1] "Crew inattention to fuel supply" was ultimately determined to be responsible for the crash.[1]
After the accident, the NTSB removed, inspected, and tested the right engine's ignition magneto and found it to be operating normally, concluding, "No mechanical or electrical discrepancies were found during the examination of the right magneto."[1] The inspection also determined that, "All of the fuel cross-feed and fuel dump valves were in the closed position."[1]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "U.S. National Transportation Safety Board 1978" (PDF).
^ Jump up to: a b c ASN Aircraft accident Convair CV-240 N55VM Gillsburg, MS; Retrieved 9/3/11
^ Jump up to: a b Gwinn, John (October 22, 1977). "Why did plane run out of fuel?". Spartanburg Herald-Journal. (South Carolina). p. B1.
^ Jump up to: a b "Rock band leader, five others killed in charter plane crash". Eugene Register-Guard. (Oregon). UPI. October 21, 1977. p. 3A.
Jump up ^ "Airplane crash kills members of rock band". The Bulletin. (Bend, Oregon). Associated Press. October 21, 1977. p. 8.
^ Jump up to: a b Pat Adams; Jaquelyn Cooper (October 20, 2017). "The Tragic Plane Crash that Happened on October 20, 1977 in Gillsburg Mississippi". TennesseeConcerts.com. Retrieved November 25, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Brant 2002, p. 151.
Jump up ^ Brant 2002, p. 155.
Jump up ^ Brant 2002, p. 147.
Jump up ^ Davis 1997, p. 304.
^ Jump up to: a b "Lynyrd Skynyrd's Plane Crashes in Rural Mississippi". Mississippi Memories. Retrieved November 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ Jordan Runtagh. "Remembering Lynyrd Skynyrd's Deadly 1977 Plane Crash". Rolling Stone, October 20, 2017. Accessed October 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Odom, Gene (October 1, 2003). "10 - Reflections and Renewal". Lynyrd Skynyrd: Remembering the Free Birds of Southern Rock. Broadway Books. p. 184. ISBN 0-7679-1027-3.
Further reading[edit]
Brant, Marley (2002). Freebirds: The Lynyrd Skynyrd Story. Billboard Books. ISBN 0-8230-8321-7. Retrieved 2008-10-18.
Davis, Stephen (1997). Walk This Way: The Autobiography of Aerosmith. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-380-97594-7. Retrieved 2008-10-18.
External links[edit]
The Lynyrd Skynyrd Plane Crash
Check-Six.com – Lynyrd Skynyrd's Crash – includes full crew and passenger list
Gillsburg, MS Plane Crash Kills Lynyrd Skynyrd Band Members, Oct 1977
Official Lynyrd Skynyrd website
Official Lynyrd Skynyrd History site
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Bob Burns
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Greg T. Walker
Leon Wilkeson
Billy Powell
Ed King
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← 1976
Aviation accidents and incidents in 1977 (1977)
1978 →
Jan 5 Connellan air disaster
Jan 13 Aeroflot Flight 3843
Jan 13 JAL Cargo Flight 8054
Jan 15 Linjeflyg Flight 618
Feb 15 Aeroflot Flight 5003
Mar 17 British Airtours Boeing 707 crash
Mar 27 Tenerife airport disaster
Apr 4 Southern Airways Flight 242
Apr 12 Delta Air Lines Flight 1080
Apr 27 Aviateca Convair 240 crash
May 10 Israeli CH-53 crash
May 14 Dan-Air Boeing 707 crash
May 27 Aeroflot Flight 331
Jul 10 Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-134 hijacking
Aug 1 Gary Powers helicopter crash
Sep 27 Japan Airlines Flight 715
Sep 27 Yokohama F-4 crash
Sep 28 Japan Airlines Flight 472
Oct 13 Lufthansa Flight 181
Oct 20 Convair CV-240 crash
Nov 19 TAP Portugal Flight 425
Dec 2 Benghazi Libyan Arab Airlines Tu-154 crash
Dec 4 Malaysian Airline System Flight 653
Dec 13 Air Indiana Flight 216
Dec 17 United Airlines Flight 2860
Dec 18 SA de Transport Aérien Flight 730
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1977_Mississippi_CV-240_crash&oldid=844448166"
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