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DPT vaccine
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For other uses, see DTP (disambiguation).
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DPT vaccine
Combination of
Diphtheria vaccine
Vaccine
Pertussis vaccine
Vaccine
Tetanus vaccine
Vaccine
Legal status
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In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
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DPT (also DTP and DTwP) refers to a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus. The vaccine components include diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and killed whole cells of the organism that cause pertussis (wP).
DTaP and Tdap refer to similar combination vaccines in which the component with lower case "a" is acellular.
Also available is the DT or TD vaccine, which lacks the pertussis component. The Tdap vaccine is currently recommended by the CDC and covers tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis (CDC Vaccines, 2013).
In the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and France, the abbreviation DTP refers to a combination vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus, and poliomyelitis. In the Netherlands, pertussis is known as kinkhoest and DKTP refers to a combination vaccine against diphtheria, kinkhoest, tetanus, and polio.
The usual course of childhood immunization in the USA is five doses between 2 months and 15 years. For adults, separate combination (booster) vaccines are used that adjust the relative concentrations of their components.
In the latter 20th century, vaccinations helped to comprehensively reduce the incidence of childhood pertussis in the United States. Despite this, reported instances of the disease increased twenty-fold in the early 21st century, resulting in numerous fatalities.[1] Over this time, many parents declined to vaccinate their children against the disease for fear of side effects.[1] In 2009, Pediatrics concluded the largest risk among unvaccinated children was not the contraction of side effects, but rather the disease that the vaccination aims to protect against.[1]
DTP was licensed in 1949.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Combination vaccines with acellular pertussis
1.1 DTaP
1.2 Tdap
2 Thiomersal
3 Medication errors
4 In pregnancy
5 Purported non-specific effects
6 References
7 External links
Combination vaccines with acellular pertussis[edit]
DTaP and Tdap are both combined vaccines against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. The difference is in the dosage, with the upper case letters meaning higher quantity.[3] The names are easy to confuse, and the Institute for Safe Medication Practices reports hundreds of cases of accidental mix-ups.[4]
DTaP[edit]
DTaP (also DTPa and TDaP) is a combined vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis, in which the component with lower case 'a' is acellular. This is in contrast to whole-cell, inactivated DTP (aka DTwP). The acellular vaccine uses selected antigens of the pertussis pathogen to induce immunity. Because it uses fewer antigens than the whole cell vaccines, it is considered safer, but it is also more expensive. Recent research suggests that the DTP vaccine is more effective than DTaP in conferring immunity; this is because DTaP's narrower antigen base is less effective against current pathogen strains.[5]
The acellular vaccine is safer to administer in that it causes substantially fewer side-effects (estimated at 90% fewer), which commonly include local pain and redness, or fever.
Recent research in non human primates has shown that while DTaP does confer immunity, it does not prevent transmission because it does not prevent Pertussis from colonizing the airways of vaccinated individuals. Thus non human primates who have received DTaP can infect unvaccinated or immunocompromised non human primates.[6] Other recent research has shown that DTaP confers less immunity than whole cell DTP (aka DTwP).[7]
Tdap[edit]
The lower case "d" and "p" indicated smaller concentrations of diphtheria pertussis toxoids, and "a" in "ap" indicates that the pertussis toxoids are acellular. Two Tdap vaccines are available in the U.S. Adacel, manufactured by Sanofi Pasteur, is licensed for use in adults ages 11 to 64. Boostrix, manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline, is licensed for use in adolescents and adults ages 10 to 64. The U.S.'s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has recommended its use in adults of all ages, including those age 65 and above. After the 2010 passage of Assembly Bill 354, the State of California requires all students entering grades 7-12 provide proof of Tdap vaccination as a condition of enrollment in both public and private schools.[8][9]
The U.S.'s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and Canada's National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) recommended that both adolescents and adults receive Tdap in place of their next Td booster (recommended to be given every 10 years).[10][11][12][13] Tdap can be used as prophylaxis for tetanus in wound management. People who will be in contact with young infants are encouraged to get Tdap even if it has been less than 5 years since Td or TT to reduce the risk of infants being exposed to pertussis. The ACIP statement on Tdap use in adolescents encourages 5 years between Td and Tdap to reduce this[specify] risk; however, both suggest that shorter intervals may be appropriate in some circumstances, such as for protection in pertussis outbreaks. NACI suggests intervals shorter than 5 years can be used for catch-up programs and other instances where programmatic concerns make 5-year intervals difficult.
Thiomersal[edit]
Thiomersal (INN), commonly known in the US as thimerosal, is an organomercury compound used as a preservative in certain vaccines. Out of the eight manufactured DPT vaccines[where?], only three ever contained thiomersal. Currently, seven out of the eight DPT vaccines on the market do not use thiomersal, and the product that does (Tripedia) contains trace levels, less than 0.3 micrograms per dose.[14] The World Health Organization has concluded that there is no evidence of toxicity from thiomersal in vaccines.[15] However, following a review of mercury-containing food and drugs mandated in 1999, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the American Academy of Pediatrics asked vaccine manufacturers to remove thiomersal from vaccines as a purely precautionary measure, and it was rapidly phased out of most U.S. and European vaccines.[16][17]
Medication errors[edit]
In August 2006, the non-profit patient safety organization Institute for Safe Medication Practices described medication errors from the confusion between the two different formulations.[18]
There were several mix-ups between DAPTACEL and ADACEL. Daptacel is for active immunization in infants and children 6 weeks to 6 years old. Adacel is indicated for active booster immunization as a single dose in persons 11 to 64 years old and is the first vaccine approved as a pertussis booster for adults. The component antigens in Adacel and Daptacel are the same, but the relative amounts are much greater with the infant vaccination. As such, these are easy to confuse.
In one clinic, 13 adults were vaccinated with Daptacel in error. At another clinic, seven adults received Daptacel instead of Adacel. None of the patients appeared to have experienced any unusual vaccine reactions despite the fact that the pediatric formulation contains greater amounts of the detoxified pertussis toxin and diphtheria toxoid. The similarities of the brand names, generic designations, and vaccine abbreviations (Tdap and DTaP) were felt to have contributed to the confusion.
The World Health Organization recommends a pentavalent vaccine, combining the DTP vaccine with vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type B and hepatitis B. There is not yet sufficient evidence on how effective this pentavalent vaccine is in relation to the individual vaccines.[19]
In pregnancy[edit]
Guidelines on prenatal care in the United States state that, if an urgent need for tetanus protection occurs during pregnancy, Td vaccine should be administered.[20] If no urgent need arises and the woman has previously received tetanus vaccine, Td vaccination should be delayed until the postpartum period.[20] All postpartum women who have not received Td or Tdap vaccine in the last two years are recommended to receive Tdap prior to discharge after delivery.[20] It is recommended for pregnant women who have never received tetanus vaccine (i.e., have never received DTP, DTaP or DT as child or Td or TT as adult) to receive a series of three Td vaccinations starting during pregnancy to ensure protection against maternal and neonatal tetanus.[20] In such cases, administration of Tdap is recommended after 20 weeks' gestation,[21] and in earlier pregnancy a single dose of Tdap can be substituted for one dose of Td, and then the series completed with Td.[20] The United States Center for Disease Control (CDC) Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) voted to recommend that health-care personnel should administer a dose of Tdap during each pregnancy at 27 through 36 weeks gestation irrespective of the patient's prior history of receiving Tdap.[22]
Purported non-specific effects[edit]
Some researchers have been selectively reporting results of studies on non-specific effects of DTP vaccines, bringing about the question of whether there is type 1 error affecting these reports (see paragraphs below). A systematic review was recently completed on this topic so as to compile and rate all of the available evidence.[23] This review showed that receipt of DTP had no significant non-specific effect on all-cause mortality (relative risk 1.38, 0.92 to 2.08). In addition, it showed that many of the studies reporting on this topic were at a high risk of bias.[23] The WHO has recommended that further studies, which are well designed and reflect current vaccine schedules, be carried out on this topic.[24]
DTP vaccine seem to have negative non-specific effects other than the beneficial effect against the targeted disease.[25] The negative effects are seen as long as DTP vaccine is the most recent vaccine. BCG or measles vaccine given after DTP reverses the negative effects of DTP.[25] The negative effects are seen mostly in females.[25]
The negative effects are found in several observational studies. However, six WHO-commissioned studies concluded that there were strong beneficial effects of DTP on overall mortality.[26][27][28][29][30][31] However, controversy ensued as to the design of these studies that had important methodological shortcomings.[32][33] Among others, the WHO-commissioned studies had counted “no information about vaccination” as “unvaccinated”, and they had retrospectively updated vaccine information from surviving children, while no similar update could be made for dead children, creating a so-called “survival bias” which will always produce highly beneficial effect estimates for the most recent vaccine.[34]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "Is Vaccine Refusal Worth The Risk?". NPR. National Public Radio. 2009-05-26. Retrieved 2009-06-19.
Jump up ^ "Vaccine Timeline: Historic Dates and Events Related to Vaccines and Immunization". Immunization Action Coalition. 2013-05-17. Retrieved 2014-06-25.
Jump up ^ "The difference between Tdap and DTaP; dabigatran versus warfarin". JAAPA. Retrieved 2014-06-25.
Jump up ^ "DTaP-Tdap mix-ups now affecting hundreds of patients". Ismp.org. Retrieved 2014-06-25.
Jump up ^ Higgs, Higgins, Ross and Mills 2012 'Immunity to the respiratory pathogen Bordatella pertussis' Mucosal Immunol 5(5):485-500
Jump up ^ Warfel JM, Zimmerman LI, Merkel TJ (2013). "Acellular pertussis vaccines protect against disease but fail to prevent infection and transmission in a nonhuman primate model". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 111 (2): 787–792. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3896208  . PMID 24277828. doi:10.1073/pnas.1314688110.
Jump up ^ "Comparative Effectiveness of Acellular Versus Whole-Cell Pertussis Vaccines in Teenagers". Pediatrics.AAPPublications.org. Retrieved 2014-06-25.
Jump up ^ "Updated recommendations for use of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, 2010". MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 60 (1): 13–5. January 2011. PMID 21228763.
Jump up ^ California State Legislature (September 29, 2010). "AB 354 Assembly Bill". Legislative Counsel of California. Retrieved 2012-06-09.
Jump up ^ Broder KR, Cortese MM, Iskander JK, et al. (Mar 2006). "Preventing tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis among adolescents: use of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccines recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)". MMWR Recomm Rep. 55 (RR–3): 1–34. PMID 16557217. , page 18.
Jump up ^ "ACIP Votes to Recommend Use of Combined Tetanus, Diphtheria and Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccine for Adults" (PDF). CDC.gov. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-10-19.
Jump up ^ "Interval Between Administration of Vaccines Against Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis". PHAC-ASPC.GC.ca.
Jump up ^ Kretsinger K, Broder KR, Cortese MM, et al. (December 2006). "Preventing tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis among adults: use of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and recommendation of ACIP, supported by the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC), for use of Tdap among health-care personnel". MMWR Recomm Rep. 55 (RR–17): 1–37. PMID 17167397.
Jump up ^ United States Food and Drug Administration. "Thiomersal in Vaccines".
Jump up ^ Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety (2006-07-14). "Thiomersal and vaccines". World Health Organization. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
Jump up ^ Baker JP (2008). "Mercury, Vaccines, and Autism: One Controversy, Three Histories". Am J Public Health. 98 (2): 244–53. PMC 2376879  . PMID 18172138. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.113159.
Jump up ^ "Thimerosal in vaccines: frequently asked questions (FAQs)". Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2007-06-07. Retrieved 2008-07-22.
Jump up ^ "Adacel (Tdap) and Daptacel (DTaP) confusion". ISMP Medication Safety Alert!. Institute for Safe Medication Practices. August 24, 2006.
Jump up ^ Bar-On ES, Goldberg E, Hellmann S, Leibovici L (2012). "Combined DTP-HBV-HIB vaccine versus separately administered DTP-HBV and HIB vaccines for primary prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae B (HIB)". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 4 (4): CD005530. PMID 22513932. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005530.pub3.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Health Care Guideline: Routine Prenatal Care. Fourteenth Edition. Archived June 24, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. By the Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. July 2010.
Jump up ^ Updated Recommendations for Use of Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine (Tdap) in Pregnant Women and Persons Who Have or Anticipate Having Close Contact with an Infant Aged <12 Months, 2011 - section "Safety of Tdap in Pregnant Women". By the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Jump up ^ [1] Archived January 23, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.
^ Jump up to: a b http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.i5170
Jump up ^ http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2014/april/presentations_background_docs/en/
^ Jump up to: a b c Aaby, P; Benn, C; Nielsen, J; Lisse, IM; Rodrigues, A; Ravn, H (22 May 2012). "Testing the hypothesis that diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine has negative non-specific and sex-differential effects on child survival in high-mortality countries". BMJ Open. 2 (3): e000707. PMC 3364456  . PMID 22619263. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000707.
Jump up ^ Nyarko, P; Pence, B; Debpuur, C (2001). "Immunization status and child survival in rural Ghana.". Population council. Working papers no. 147.
Jump up ^ Lehmann, D; Vail, J; Firth, MJ; de Klerk, NH; Alpers, MP (Feb 2005). "Benefits of routine immunizations on childhood survival in Tari, Southern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea". Int J Epidemiol. 34 (1): 138–48. PMID 15561755. doi:10.1093/ije/dyh262.
Jump up ^ Elguero, E; Simondon, KB; Vaugelade, J; Marra, A; Simondon, F (October 2010). "Non-specific effects of vaccination on child survival? A prospective study in Senegal.". Trop Med Int Health. 10 (10): 956–60. PMID 16185229. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2005.01479.x.
Jump up ^ Vaugelade, J; Pinchinat, S; Guiella, G; Elguero, E; Simondon, F (4 December 2004). "Non-specific effects of vaccination on child survival: prospective cohort study in Burkina Faso". BMJ. 329 (7478): 1309. PMC 534835  . PMID 15550402. doi:10.1136/bmj.38261.496366.82.
Jump up ^ Moulton, LH; Rahmathullah, L; Halsey, NA; Thulasiraj, RD; Katz, J; Tielsch, JM (October 2005). "Evaluation of non-specific effects of infant immunizations on early infant mortality in a southern Indian population". Trop Med Int Health. 10 (10): 947–55. PMID 16185228. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2005.01434.x.
Jump up ^ Breiman, RF; Streatfield, PK; Phelan, M; Shifa, N; Rashid, M; Yunus, M (December 2004). "Effect of infant immunisation on childhood mortality in rural Bangladesh: analysis of health and demographic surveillance data". Lancet. 364 (9452): 2204–11. PMID 15610807. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(04)17593-4.
Jump up ^ Aaby, P; Benn, CS; Nielsen, J; Lisse, IM; Rodrigues, A; Jensen, H (Jan 2007). "DTP vaccination and child survival in observational studies with incomplete vaccination data". Trop Med Int Health. 12 (1): 15–24. PMID 17207144. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01774.x.
Jump up ^ Fine, PEM; Smith, PG (2007). "Editorial: ‘Non-specific effects of vaccines’- an important analytical insight, and call for a workshop". Trop Med Int Health. 12 (1): 1–4. PMID 17207142. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01794.x.
Jump up ^ Jensen, H; Benn, CS; Lisse, IM; Rodrigues, A; Andersen, PK; Aaby, P (Jan 2007). "Survival bias in observational studies of the impact of routine immunizations on childhood survival". Trop Med Int Health. 12 (1): 5–14. PMID 17207143. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01773.x.
External links[edit]
Tdap Vaccine: What You Need to Know, vaccine information statement (5/9/2013 release)
Td or Tdap Vaccine: What You Need to Know, vaccine information statement (5/17/2007 release)
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Once Upon a Time (season 7)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Once Upon a Time (season 7)
Promotional poster
Starring
Lana Parrilla
Colin O'Donoghue
Andrew J. West
Dania Ramirez
Gabrielle Anwar
Alison Fernandez
Robert Carlyle
Mekia Cox
Country of origin
United States
No. of episodes
10
Release
Original network
ABC
Original release
October 6, 2017 (2017-10-06) – present (present)
Season chronology
← Previous
Season 6
List of Once Upon a Time episodes
The seventh season of the American ABC fantasy-drama Once Upon a Time was ordered on May 11, 2017.[1] It will consist of 22 episodes, airing on Fridays, having premiered on October 6, 2017.[2]
This season marks a significant change for the series, as it was announced at the end of the sixth season that the majority of the main cast members would not be returning for season 7. Lana Parrilla, Colin O'Donoghue, and Robert Carlyle will be the only ones remaining. Andrew J. West and Alison Fernandez were announced as new regulars in May 2017.[3] Dania Ramirez and Gabrielle Anwar were announced as additional regulars in July 2017.[4] In August 2017, it was announced that Mekia Cox had been promoted to series regular after initially joining the cast in July as recurring.[5]
The storyline is softly rebooted[6][7][8] with a main narrative led by an adult Henry Mills, set several years after last season's events.[9] In February 2018, it was announced the seventh season would serve as the final season of the series.[10]
Contents
[hide]
1 Premise
2 Cast and characters
2.1 Regular
2.2 Recurring
2.3 Guest
3 Episodes
4 Production
4.1 Development
4.2 Casting
5 Ratings
6 References
7 External links
Premise[edit]
Years after the Final Battle, Henry leaves Storybrooke in search of his own story only to find himself in New Fairy Tale Land,[11] where a conflict between Lady Tremaine and her stepdaughter Cinderella culminates in the casting of yet another curse. As Henry's daughter tries to make him believe in the curse, the enchantress Gothel sets out to revive a cult with sinister intentions.
Cast and characters[edit]
Main article: List of Once Upon a Time characters
Regular[edit]
Lana Parrilla as Evil Queen / Regina Mills / Roni[3]
Colin O'Donoghue as Captain Hook / Killian Jones / Rogers[3]
Andrew J. West as Henry Mills[3]
Dania Ramirez as Cinderella / Jacinda[12][13]
Gabrielle Anwar as Rapunzel / Lady Tremaine / Victoria Belfrey[4][13][14]
Alison Fernandez as Lucy[3]
Robert Carlyle as Rumplestiltskin / Mr. Gold / Weaver[3]
Mekia Cox as Tiana / Sabine[4][5]
Recurring[edit]
Adelaide Kane as Drizella / Ivy Belfrey[4][15]
Rose Reynolds as Alice / Tilly[4][16]
Emma Booth as Mother Gothel / Eloise Gardener[17][18]
Rebecca Mader as Wicked Witch of the West / Zelena / Kelly[19][20]
Meegan Warner as young Rapunzel[21]
Tiera Skovbye as Robin[22]
Nathan Parsons as Jack / Nick Branson[23][24]
Yael Yurman as Anastasia[25]
Kip Pardue as Chad[26]
Jeff Pierre as Prince Naveen[27]
Guest[edit]
Jared S. Gilmore as young Henry Mills[28]
Jillian Fargey as the Fairy Godmother[29]
Liam Hall as the Prince[29]
Jennifer Morrison as Emma Swan[30]
Emilie de Ravin as Belle[31]
Giles Matthey as Gideon[32]
Robin Givens as Eudora[33]
Kevin Ryan as Robert[34]
Daniel Francis as Dr. Facilier[34]
Chris Gauthier as Smee[24]
Matty Finochio as Marcus Tremaine[25]
Cindy Luna as Cecilia[35]
Anna Cathcart as tween Drizella[25]
Alejandra Perez as young Ella[35]
Sophia Reid-Gantzert as young Anastasia[25]
Lula Mae Melench as young Drizella[25]
Sara Tomko as Tiger Lily[20]
Chad Rook as Captain Ahab[36][37]
Suzy Joachim as Madame Leota[38]
Episodes[edit]
See also: List of Once Upon a Time episodes
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date [39]
U.S. viewers
(millions)
134
1 "Hyperion Heights" Ralph Hemecker Edward Kitsis & Adam Horowitz October 6, 2017 (2017-10-06) 3.26[40]
In a flashback, an 18-year-old Henry says goodbye to Regina as he departs Storybrooke on a trip to new realms, in hopes of finding his own story. Many years later, Henry runs into Cinderella's carriage in the New Enchanted Forest and after a string of events that almost get them captured at a ball, he offers her the chance at a new start back in Storybrooke, as he is due to return through a portal that evening. When Henry finds a glass slipper left for him at their meeting spot, he decides to stay behind. In present-day Seattle, an older Henry is reunited with his daughter Lucy, whom he does not remember because of a curse. In hopes of breaking it, Lucy leads him to her neighborhood of Hyperion Heights, home to many other cursed fairytale characters including Jacinda, Lucy's down-on-her-luck single mother who is in a contentious relationship with her powerful stepmother Victoria. Others include Roni, a bar owner who is struggling with having to sell her establishment to Victoria, and Rogers, a cop who gets promoted to a detective and is introduced to his new partner, Weaver.
135
2 "A Pirate's Life" Tara Nicole Weyr Jane Espenson & Jerome Schwartz October 13, 2017 (2017-10-13) 2.74[41]
In flashback to Storybrooke, Hook is training an 18 year old Henry as Emma watches on. She confesses to Hook that she worries Henry is about to leave on his own. In order to comfort her, Hook shows her a bottle Henry can use to call on them if he gets into trouble. Many years later, as Henry is about to be captured by Lady Tremaine, he uses the bottle to call on Emma, Hook, and Regina for help. In the present, Victoria hires Rogers and Weaver to drive Henry out of the neighborhood. Rogers does not agree with Weaver's methods and helps Henry instead. Rogers, Henry, and Roni end up forming an alliance against Victoria. Meanwhile, Jacinda has to find another way to be at Lucy's ballet recital after Victoria makes things difficult for her.
136
3 "The Garden of Forking Paths" Ron Underwood David H. Goodman & Brigitte Hales October 20, 2017 (2017-10-20) 2.49[42]
In a flashback, Cinderella arrives at the spot in the forest where she is supposed to meet Henry, but does not find him there. She then meets Princess Tiana, who recruits her to be part of the resistance against Lady Tremaine. She leaves one of her glass slippers behind for Henry to find. A short while later, Henry, Regina, and Hook arrive at their campsite and join the efforts. Later, Cinderella sneaks into Tremaine's castle alone, where Tremaine reveals that she has kept her almost-deceased daughter Anastasia preserved since her "death" at age 14 and needs a pure heart to revive her. She tasks Cinderella with stealing Henry's, since he has the heart of the truest believer. In the present day, Jacinda tries to save Lucy's beloved community garden from Victoria, while Lucy takes a skeptical Henry on a trip under the garden lot in hopes of finding proof of everyone's fairytale pasts. Meanwhile, Henry, Roni, and Rogers find their first lead against Victoria. Rogers captures the man working with her, but is irritated to find Weaver setting the man free to use him as a future connection. Also, it is revealed that Victoria is not cursed and has been keeping a witch as her prisoner at the top of Belfrey Towers.
137
4 "Beauty" Mick Garris Dana Horgan & Leah Fong October 27, 2017 (2017-10-27) 2.44[43]
This episode's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed. Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise. (December 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
In a flashback to Gideon's first birthday, Rumple and Belle decide to leave Storybrooke to travel the world. Years later, Rumple tells Belle that he wants to stop being the Dark One so he can be mortal again and live out one single life with her. Over the years, they search for ways to get rid of his darkness. When Gideon is 18, Belle comes across a prophecy that leads them to the Edge of Realms, where they must wait for the sun's brightest set before they can be guided to the path Rumple must take to get rid of the Darkness. They build a home there as they wait for the event to occur. However, an aging Belle eventually admits that the "sun" of which the prophecy spoke was actually herself and that her death will mark the start of his journey. When Belle dies, Rumple sets off to search for a Guardian who will be able to take the Darkness from him so that he can ultimately be reunited with Belle. In the present day, Tilly, who is actually Alice, begins to wake up from the curse after she stops taking pills given to her by Victoria. In her new state of clarity, she tries to get Weaver to remember his true identity. Meanwhile, Ivy is tasked with taking Lucy trick-or-treating and loses her in the streets. She ends up bonding with Henry and defies her mother to give Jacinda and Lucy time together.
138
5 "Greenbacks" Geofrey Hildrew Christopher Hollier & Adam Karp November 3, 2017 (2017-11-03) 2.29[44]
In the flashbacks, Tiana seeks a prince to help save her kingdom and is guided by Dr. Facilier to a man named Robert. She soon realizes that Facilier had enlisted Robert to steal a magical ruby from her in exchange for reuniting him with his lover who had been turned into a frog. In the present day, Tiana decides to run a pop-up beignet shop out of Mr. Cluck's with Jacinda's help. Victoria sends someone to burn the place down, which then causes friction between the two roommates. Rogers comes across a detainee at the police station who he thinks is connected to Eloise Gardener, the missing girl he's trying to find. Meanwhile, Roni decides to investigate Ivy's interest in helping Henry. Ivy takes her to the top of the towers and Roni finds a photo of herself and a young Henry taken in Storybrooke. However, it is later revealed that Ivy hasn't been cursed either and has her own dealings with the witch of which her mother is unaware.
139
6 "Wake Up Call" Sharat Raju Jerome Schwartz & Jane Espenson November 10, 2017 (2017-11-10) 2.37[45]
In a flashback, Regina comes across Drizella, who is looking for magic to escape from her mother. When she reveals that she was actually born with magic, Regina begins to train her. However after Regina runs into Rumple, who tells her that Lady Tremaine must have been aware of the magic lessons, the two women realize that Lady Tremaine was counting on using Drizella's heart to revive Anastasia. Drizella ends up blackening her own heart by killing the prince, making it unusable for revival, and vows to cast a Curse like Regina's to make her mother suffer. In the present day, Roni struggles with what to believe about the mysterious photo, which is complicated by newly discovered information about "Regina Mills" into which Lucy encouraged her to look. Drizella gathers the ingredients for a plant that the witch then cultivates and, when she serves its essence to Roni, she wakes up and remembers her life as Regina. Drizella then reveals that she cast the curse and blackmails Regina into keeping Henry and Jacinda apart, reminding her of a special contingency that was put into the Curse that would force her to comply.
140
7 "Eloise Gardener" Alex Kalymnios David H. Goodman & Brigitte Hales November 17, 2017 (2017-11-17) 2.28[46]
This episode's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed. Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise. (December 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
In a flashback to the Wish Realm shortly after the Charmings stopped Regina from casting her curse, Hook agrees to grant her passage on the Jolly Roger in exchange for leading him to powerful magic guarded by a witch. When he arrives at the witch's tower, he finds Rapunzel instead. She instructs him to retrieve a golden flower from the witch's garden. When he returns with it to help her, they spend the night together. The next morning, it is revealed that Rapunzel is actually Gothel and their night together produced a baby, whom Gothel leaves behind so she can escape the tower. Hook gives the Jolly Roger to Smee and decides to stay with his daughter, who is unable to leave due to the tower's spell. He names her Alice after his own mother. In the present day, Rogers is on a mad hunt for Eloise with help from Henry and Tilly. Tilly later informs him that Eloise has died, but it turns out that the news was planted by Weaver to throw him off the case. Weaver warns Rogers that Eloise is not the person he thinks she is. When Rogers finds Gothel, he believes that she is Eloise and frees her from Victoria, who gets locked up for kidnapping. Meanwhile, Tremaine has discovered that Drizella is awake and Regina tries to put some distance between Henry and Jacinda.
141
8 "Pretty in Blue" Ralph Hemecker Dana Horgan & Leah Fong November 17, 2017 (2017-11-17) 2.28[46]
This episode's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed. Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise. (December 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
In flashbacks, Hook is reunited with Alice, who claims that they have been cured of their curse. However, when they try to embrace, Hook gets hurt and Alice runs away in fear. Henry and Cinderella chase her back to New Wonderland, a place where Cinderella reveals her mother Cecilia ran to after abandoning her and her stepfather. She takes a shrinking potion and leaves Henry, heading into the Infinite Maze alone to find answers. She finds Alice, who tells her that she met Cecilia before and that she was also afflicted with the Curse of the Poisoned Heart. Drizella appears in New Wonderland with a plan to curse Henry, but Alice and Cinderella are able to save him. Henry and Cinderella then share their first kiss. In the present day, Jacinda contacts Nick (Jack in Fairy Tale Land), a lawyer whom she has been cursed to believe is Lucy's father. He agrees to help her regain custody of Lucy, to Henry's dismay, and Lucy encourages Henry to fight for Jacinda. Meanwhile, Drizella and Gothel plan to revive Anastasia but, when they open her coffin, her body is missing. After Regina confronts Rumple, who refuses to confirm that he has woken up from the curse, she announces to Henry that she's heading to San Francisco to meet with someone who was pushed out of town by Victoria. He agrees to join her on the trip.
142
9 "One Little Tear" Steve Pearlman Christopher Hollier & Adam Karp December 8, 2017 (2017-12-08) 2.45[47]
Victoria strikes a deal with Weaver in an attempt to free herself from jail and wake Anastasia. In flashbacks, Rapunzel steals from Mother Gothel's garden to save her family and is trapped in a tower in exchange. After 6 years of captivity, Rapunzel escapes using her hair but finds her husband Marcus has remarried to Cecilia, gaining a stepdaughter, Ella. Gothel tempts Rapunzel with a New Wonderland mushroom, which she uses to poison Cecilia's heart. One day, Anastasia and Ella falls through thin ice, but to Rapunzel's disbelief, their father only manages to save Ella. Rapunzel seeks Gothel's help, who magically seals Anastasia's last breath with the price of keeping Anastasia in the tower. However, Rapunzel tricks Gothel who becomes trapped in her own tower until someone in her bloodline takes her place. In the present, Victoria strangely gives full custody of Lucy to Jacinda, claiming to be a changed person. Victoria retrieves the Once Upon a Time book and shows Lucy her unfortunate life story as Rapunzel and convinces Lucy to give up her belief in happy endings. As Lucy sheds a tear, Victoria uses it to awaken Anastasia, while Lucy collapses into unconsciousness.
143
10 "The Eighth Witch" Ralph Hemecker Jane Espenson & Jerome Schwartz December 15, 2017 (2017-12-15) 2.29[48]
In a flashback, baby Lucy is born, just as Drizella appears to deliver a prophecy about a curse. The heroes are able to turn Drizella to stone. Eight years later, everyone is celebrating Lucy's birthday when Gothel appears with her coven of witches, recruiting Drizella to join them as she is finally freed. With the curse looming, Regina heads off to get help from Zelena. Later, when the heroes confront the witches, Gothel reveals that they have poisoned Henry, and Regina is forced into casting Drizella's curse to save his life. In the present day, Regina has located a cursed Zelena in San Francisco, who is now known as Kelly. Regina is able to give Zelena her memories back and the two head back to Seattle, knowing that breaking the curse to help Lucy would only hurt Henry instead. Rumple tests Anastasia to see if she is the Guardian. However, Gothel also wants Anastasia and severs her alliance with Drizella after the girl is brought to her, deeming Anastasia to be more useful in her coven. Gothel tells her that they need to find their fellow witches.
144
11 "Secret Garden"[49] Mick Garris Edward Kitsis & Adam Horowitz March 2, 2018 (2018-03-02) TBD
145
12 "A Taste of the Heights"[50] TBA David H. Goodman & Brigitte Hales March 9, 2018 (2018-03-09) TBD
146
13 "Knightfall"[51] TBA Jerome Schwartz & Miguel Ian Raya March 16, 2018 (2018-03-16) TBD
147
14 "The Girl in the Tower"[52] Antonio Negret[53] Dana Horgan & Leah Fong March 23, 2018 (2018-03-23) TBD
148
15 "Sisterhood"[54] TBA Christopher Hollier & Adam Karp March 30, 2018 (2018-03-30) TBD
149
16 "Breadcrumbs"[55] TBA Jane Espenson & Jerome Schwartz April 6, 2018 (2018-04-06) TBD
150
17 "Chosen"[56] Lana Parrilla Paul Karp & Brian Ridings April 13, 2018 (2018-04-13) TBD
151
18 "The Guardian"[57] Geofrey Hildrew[58] David H. Goodman & Brigitte Hales April 20, 2018 (2018-04-20) TBD
152
19 "Flower Child"[59] Tessa Blake[60] Edward Kitsis & Adam Horowitz April 27, 2018 (2018-04-27) TBD
153
20 "Is This Henry Mills?"[61] Ron Underwood[53] Dana Horgan & Leah Fong May 4, 2018 (2018-05-04) TBD
The seventh season finale, which will serve as the series finale, is set to broadcast on May 18, 2018.[39]
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
In January 2017, while season 6 was still in production, ABC president Channing Dungey spoke of a possible "reset" of the show's narrative in the event that the show received a season 7 order.[9] After much speculation, executive producers Adam Horowitz and Edward Kitsis later confirmed that certain characters would have their storylines wrapped up and that the back-end of the sixth season had been written with the season 7 narrative change in mind.[62] Despite the major changes from seasons past, the showrunners have said that they do not view season 7 as a complete reboot of the show. Horowitz said: "I hesitate to use the word "reboot." We're more thinking about it as a hybrid of a lot of things. We're paying homage to the original premise, but there are certain characters who are returning and some who are not. It's a combination of a lot of things, but what we're trying to do is go in a new direction but stay true to the spirit of what the show has always been."[63]
In July 2017, the creators announced that the series now take place in the Seattle neighborhood of Hyperion Heights, which was created under a new and darker curse. Residents of this neighborhood include displaced characters from the original and new versions of the Enchanted Forest, as well as regular people from the Land Without Magic. This differs from Storybrooke in season 1, which was an isolated town that was blocked off from real-world Maine. The initial villain is Lady Tremaine, who assumes the role of an urban developer who seeks to "gentrify the neighborhood" and push out and separate fairy tale residents. Meanwhile, Storybrooke and various Fairy Tale Land locations still appear in the flashbacks of the season as the story bounces back and forth between the characters' lives before and during the latest curse.[64]
Casting[edit]
In May 2017, it was announced that Lana Parrilla, Colin O'Donoghue, and Robert Carlyle would be the only series regulars from season 6 to continue onto season 7.[3] It was teased that the three would be portraying their original characters but with cursed identities, similar to the circumstances in season 1. In July, the first promo of the season revealed that Killian is now a Seattle police officer with the last name Rogers, who is living with an unexplained sense of loss.[65] In August, it was revealed that Regina is now a bar owner named Roni, who is more dressed down and is "no longer in charge."[66]
Former main cast member Jennifer Morrison has confirmed that she has agreed to return for one episode, later revealed to be the second episode of the season.[67][68] Morrison announced her last filming day on July 19, 2017.[69] On July 22, it was confirmed that Emilie de Ravin would return for the fourth episode in the seventh season.[31]
In March 2017, Andrew J. West and Alison Fernandez were cast for unknown guest roles in the season six finale. During the episode, it was revealed that West was portraying an adult Henry Mills, while Fernandez portrayed his daughter, Lucy. After that episode's airing, they were confirmed as series regulars for season 7.[3] West will be taking over the role from Jared S. Gilmore, who has been confirmed to appear in at least the first two episodes of the season.[28][70]
On July 6, 2017, it was announced that Dania Ramirez and Gabrielle Anwar would be two additional series regulars for season 7.[3] Additionally, Adelaide Kane, Mekia Cox, and Rose Reynolds were cast in recurring roles for the upcoming season.[3] On July 15, it was announced that Ramirez would be portraying Cinderella, albeit a different version from the one previously played by Jessy Schram for the first six seasons.[12] On July 22 at San Diego Comic-Con, it was revealed that Anwar and Kane will be portraying Lady Tremaine and Drizella, respectively. Cox would be portraying Tiana from The Princess and the Frog, while Reynolds would be playing an alternate version of Alice, a character previously heavily featured in the spin-off Once Upon a Time in Wonderland.[65] In August 2017, Cox was promoted to series regular.[5]
On August 1, it was announced that Giles Matthey would return as an adult Gideon for the season's fourth episode. The episode, also featuring Emilie de Ravin, would be centered around Rumple.[32] On that same day, it was also announced that Emma Booth was cast in a major recurring role as the Witch,[17] whose more specific identity would be revealed later on during the season.[71] On August 25, Kevin Ryan announced that he would be making an appearance as a new prince in the upcoming season.[72] On August 30, it was announced that Robin Givens had been cast as Tiana's mother, Eudora.[33]
On September 8, it was announced that Meegan Warner would be guest starring as an alternate version of Rapunzel, a character previously featured in one episode of season 3.[21] It was later revealed that the character would appear in a multi-episode arc.[73] On September 20, it was announced that former main Rebecca Mader would return for multiple episodes in the seventh season as Zelena, who will also have a cursed identity.[19][74]
On October 2, it was announced that Dr. Facilier from The Princess and the Frog would make an appearance during the season,[75] later revealed to be portrayed by Daniel Francis in the season's fifth episode.[34] On October 3, it was announced that flashbacks of the ninth episode would feature a "tweenage" Anastasia, Lady Tremaine's other biological daughter.[76]
On November 1, it was announced that Tiera Skovbye would be recurring as an older version of Robin, the daughter of Zelena and Robin Hood.[22] On November 2, it was announced that Nathan Parsons had been cast in a recurring role as Nick, a lawyer and potential love interest for another character.[23] On November 3, it was announced that the show was casting for the role of Naveen from The Princess and the Frog, who will be recurring in the second half of the season.[77] It was later revealed that the role would be played by Jeff Pierre, who will first appear in the twelfth episode of the season.[27] On November 16, actor Chad Rook announced that he had been cast in an unknown role.[36]
On January 23, 2018, it was announced that Kip Pardue had been cast as Chad, Zelena's fiancé from when she was cursed as Kelly. He will make his first appearance in the seventeenth episode of the season.[26]
Ratings[edit]
No.
Title
Air date
Rating/share
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)
1 "Hyperion Heights" October 6, 2017 0.7/3 3.26[40] 0.7 1.72 1.4 4.98[78]
2 "A Pirate's Life" October 13, 2017 0.7/3 2.74[41] 0.6 N/A 1.3[79] N/A
3 "The Garden of Forking Paths" October 20, 2017 0.5/3 2.49[42] 0.6 N/A 1.1[80] N/A
4 "Beauty" October 27, 2017 0.5/2 2.44[43] 0.5 N/A 1.0[81] N/A
5 "Greenbacks" November 3, 2017 0.5/2 2.29[44] 0.5 1.27 1.0 3.56[82]
6 "Wake Up Call" November 10, 2017 0.5/2 2.37[45] 0.5 1.32 1.0 3.69[83]
7 "Eloise Gardener" November 17, 2017 0.5/2 2.28[46] 0.5 1.30 1.0 3.58[84]
8 "Pretty in Blue" November 17, 2017 0.5/2 2.28[46] 0.5 1.30 1.0 3.58[84]
9 "One Little Tear" December 8, 2017 0.5/2 2.45[47] 0.4 N/A 0.9[85] N/A
10 "The Eighth Witch" December 15, 2017 0.5/2 2.29[48] N/A N/A N/A N/A
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Lesley (May 11, 2017). "'Once Upon a Time' Renewed for Season 7 at ABC". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ Macke, Johnni (July 5, 2017). "New 'Once Upon A Time' Tease Reveals Where The Series Will Pick Up In Season 7". People's Choice. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Mitovich, Matt Webb (May 16, 2017). "Once Upon a Time Season 7: Get Fresh Details on Henry's 'Epic Quest' — Plus, New Identities for Regina & Co.?!". TVLine. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Mitovich, Matt Webb (July 6, 2017). "Once Upon a Time Season 7 Reset: Gabrielle Anwar, Devious Maids Alum, Reign Star Among 5 New Additions". TVLine. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Abrams, Natalie (August 31, 2017). "Spoiler Room: Scoop on Once Upon a Time, Supergirl, Teen Wolf, and more". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ "'Once Upon a Time' Renewed for Season 7 at ABC". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved December 5, 2017. The reboot comes as Once remains a valuable property for ABC.
Jump up ^ Times, Music (September 6, 2017). "'Once Upon A Time' Soft Reboot: Emma Swan Reunites With Hook & Finds Closure in Their Story". MusicTimes. Retrieved December 5, 2017. The coming seventh season of "Once Upon a Time" will have a soft reboot and will embark on a new chapter.
Jump up ^ "Once Upon a Time is back — but is it still magical?". DigitalSpy. October 7, 2017. Retrieved December 5, 2017. There was understandably some scepticism and worry when ABC announced that Once Upon a Time's seventh season would be a soft reboot, set many years after last spring's finale and featuring a mostly new cast.
^ Jump up to: a b Andreeva, Nellie (January 10, 2017). "'Once Upon A Time': Current Narrative To Wrap At End Of Season 6; Will There Be Season 7?". Deadline. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ Abrams, Natalie (February 6, 2018). "Once Upon a Time to end after season 7". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ "'Once Upon a Time' star Rebecca Mader previews Zelena's return".
^ Jump up to: a b Ausiello, Michael (July 15, 2017). "Once Upon a Time: Dania Ramirez Is Playing 'New' Cinderella — Photo". TVLine. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "(#701) "Hyperion Heights"". The Futon Critic. Retrieved September 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bell, Amanda (December 8, 2017). "Once Upon a Time recap: 'One Little Tear'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Abrams, Natalie (October 3, 2017). "Once Upon a Time's Adelaide Kane talks millennial meanie Drizella". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved October 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Abrams, Natalie (October 5, 2017). "Once Upon a Time's Rose Reynolds introduces streetwise, enigmatic Alice". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Andreeva, Nellie (August 1, 2017). "'Once Upon A Time': Emma Booth Joins ABC Fairytale Drama As Recurring". Deadline.com. Retrieved August 1, 2017.
Jump up ^ Abrams, Natalie (November 17, 2017). "Once Upon a Time officially confirms identity of Hook's daughter — and her mom!". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Mitovich, Matt (September 20, 2017). "Once Upon a Time: Rebecca Mader to Return for Multiple Season 7 Episodes". TVLine. Retrieved September 20, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "(#710) "The Eighth Witch"". The Futon Critic. Retrieved December 11, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Ausiello, Michael (September 8, 2017). "Once Upon a Time Casts TURN Alum Meegan Warner as the New [Spoiler]". TVLine. Retrieved September 8, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Mitovich, Matt Webb (November 1, 2017). "Once Upon a Time Casts Riverdale's Tiera Skovbye as [Spoiler]'s Daughter". TVLine. Retrieved November 1, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Abrams, Natalie (November 2, 2017). "Once Upon a Time books The Originals star as potential love interest". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "(#707/708) "Eloise Gardener / Pretty in Blue"". The Futon Critic. Retrieved November 15, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "(#709) "One Little Tear"". The Futon Critic. Retrieved December 2, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Abrams, Natalie (January 23, 2018). "Once Upon a Time casts Runaways star as Zelena's fiancé". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved January 23, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Mitovich, Matt Webb (January 30, 2018). "Once Upon a Time Casts Tiana's Prince Naveen With Beyond's Jeff Pierre". TVLine. Retrieved January 30, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Abrams, Natalie (July 15, 2017). "Once Upon a Time bosses drop new clues on season 7". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Once Upon a Time: Hyperion Heights (10/6)". Disney - ABC Television Group. September 18, 2017. Retrieved December 2, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (May 8, 2017). "Jennifer Morrison On Why She Is Leaving 'Once Upon a Time', Emma's Final Battle & What's Next". Deadline. Retrieved May 9, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Abrams, Natalie (July 22, 2017). "Once Upon a Time: Emilie de Ravin books return in season 7". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved July 22, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Abrams, Natalie (August 1, 2017). "Once Upon a Time: Giles Matthey to return in season 7". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 1, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Abrams, Natalie (August 30, 2017). "Once Upon a Time adds Robin Givens as Tiana's mom". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 30, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "(#705) "Greenbacks"". The Futon Critic. Retrieved October 30, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Vick, Megan (December 8, 2017). "Once Upon a Time Reveals Rapunzel's Cursed Identity". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 9, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Chad Rook [@ChadRook] (November 16, 2017). "Just found out that I will be joining the cast of #OnceUponATime!!! Can't wait for you all to see my character. ;)" (Tweet). Retrieved November 20, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Chad Rook [@ChadRook] (February 7, 2018). "Just saw some AMAZING pics from my episode of #OnceUponATime!! I can't wait for you all to see this episode! Wow! @OnceABC #OUAT #CaptainAhabIsComing" (Tweet). Retrieved February 7, 2018 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Taylor, Katherine (February 20, 2018). "Zelena's daughter, Robin, seeks guidance from a dangerous source; and Eloise pursues a scheme that could prove deadly, on the midseason premiere of ABC's 'Once Upon a Time'". ABC. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "Shows A-Z - once upon a time on abc". The Futon Critic. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (October 9, 2017). "'Hawaii Five-0' and 'Hell's Kitchen' adjust up, 'Exorcist' adjusts down: Friday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 9, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Welch, Alex (October 16, 2017). "'Hell's Kitchen,' 'MacGyver,' 'Once Upon a Time,' & more remain unchanged: Friday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (October 23, 2017). "'Jane the Virgin,' 'Hawaii Five-0,' all others unchanged: Friday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 23, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (October 30, 2017). "'MacGyver,' 'Jane the Virgin' and World Series adjust up: Friday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 30, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (November 6, 2017). "'Hawaii Five-0,' 'Once Upon a Time' and others unchanged: Friday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (November 13, 2017). "'Hawaii Five-0,' 'Hell's Kitchen,' everything else unchanged: Friday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 13, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Porter, Rick (November 20, 2017). "'Hell's Kitchen,' 'MacGyver' and all others unchanged: Friday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (December 11, 2017). "'Blue Bloods' adjusts down: Friday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 11, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (December 18, 2017). "'Hawaii Five-0' adjusts down: Friday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ "(#711) "Secret Garden"". The Futon Critic. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ Adam Horowitz [@AdamHorowitzLA] (November 1, 2017). "Here's another #OnceUponATime #scripttease — hope to see ya Friday!" (Tweet). Retrieved November 1, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Adam Horowitz [@AdamHorowitzLA] (November 13, 2017). "Here's another #OnceUponATime #titlespoiler -- hope to see ya Friday!" (Tweet). Retrieved November 13, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Adam Horowitz [@AdamHorowitzLA] (November 29, 2017). "Here's another #OnceUponATime #titlespoiler — hope to see ya for our return on Friday, December 8th!" (Tweet). Retrieved November 29, 2017 – via Twitter.
^ Jump up to: a b Leah Fong [@leahfong] (February 22, 2017). "There definitely were no tears when @horgandee and I turned in our final episode. Nope. Def not. #OnceUponATime #OUAT" (Tweet). Retrieved February 22, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Adam Horowitz [@AdamHorowitzLA] (January 3, 2017). "Here's another #OnceUponATime #titlespoiler -- hope to see ya March 2nd!" (Tweet). Retrieved January 3, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Adam Horowitz [@AdamHorowitzLA] (January 10, 2017). "Here's another #OnceUponATime #titlespoiler -- hope to see ya March 2nd!" (Tweet). Retrieved January 10, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Adam Horowitz [@AdamHorowitzLA] (January 16, 2018). "Here's another #OnceUponATime #titlespoiler -- hope to see ya 3/2!" (Tweet). Retrieved January 16, 2018 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Adam Horowitz [@AdamHorowitzLA] (January 27, 2018). "Here's another #OnceUponATime #titlespoiler -- hope to see ya 3/2!" (Tweet). Retrieved January 27, 2018 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Geofrey Hildrew [@GeofreyHildrew] (February 3, 2018). "Day 1 in the can! So many talented people... #OnceUponATime #directing" (Tweet). Retrieved February 7, 2018 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Adam Horowitz [@AdamHorowitzLA] (February 9, 2018). "Here's another #OnceUponATime #titlespoiler -- hope to see ya 3/2!" (Tweet). Retrieved February 9, 2018 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Rose Reynolds [@RoseAReynolds] (February 26, 2018). "That's a wrap on 0719 with Tessa Blake. Such a brilliant director. Generous, articulate, and a joy. @OnceABC #femalesinfilm #MondayMotivation" (Tweet). Retrieved February 26, 2018 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Adam Horowitz [@AdamHorowitzLA] (February 22, 2018). "Here's another #OnceUponATime #titlespoiler — hope to see ya 3/2!" (Tweet). Retrieved February 22, 2018 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Mitovich, Matt (April 15, 2017). "Once Upon a Time Cast Shake-Up: Finale Will Accommodate Any Changes, No Story Will Feel 'Incomplete'". TVLine. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ MacDonald, Lindsay (May 14, 2017). "'Once Upon a Time' Creators Explain the "Next Chapter" to Come in Season 7". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved July 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Abrams, Natalie (July 25, 2017). "Once Upon a Time bosses explain new curse". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 29, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Swift, Andy (July 22, 2017). "Once Upon a Time @ Comic-Con: Season 7's Secret Roles Revealed, a 'Prominent LGBQT Storyline' and More". TVLine. Retrieved July 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ Abrams, Natalie (August 6, 2017). "Once Upon a Time reveals Hook, Regina, Rumple alt-identities". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Mitovich, Matt (May 8, 2017). "Once Upon a Time's Jennifer Morrison Opens Up About Her Exit: 'Emma Had Reached a Really Beautiful Place'". TVLine. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ Mitovich, Matt (August 6, 2017). "Once Upon a Time Creators/Cast Tease Rumple's Menacing New Identity, Regina/Henry Reunion and More". TVLine. Retrieved August 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ Morrison, Jennifer (July 19, 2017). "Movie magic. Emma's long locks are back for one last day :) #steveston #onceuponatime #emmaswan". Instagram. Retrieved September 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Byrne, Craig (August 9, 2017). "Once Upon A Time EPs Talk About The New "Book," "Roni" & Returning Faces". KSite TV. Retrieved August 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Natalie Abrams [@NatalieAbrams] (August 1, 2017). "Emma Booth joins Once Upon a Time as a witch whose identity will be revealed later in the season bit.ly/2tv8t4F @AdamHorowitzLA" (Tweet). Retrieved August 1, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Kevin J Ryan [@KevinRyanII] (August 25, 2017). "Lov'in da #keithrichards inspired get up 4 da new prince in town. Fairytale land doesn't know wats comin @OnceABC #onceuponatime #abc" (Tweet). Retrieved August 25, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Logan, Michael (November 10, 2017). "'Once Upon a Time' First Look: Rapunzel Returns". TV Insider. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bentley, Jean (October 6, 2017). "'Once Upon a Time' Bosses Explain Season 7 Premiere's Biggest Mysteries and Reveals". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved October 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Logan, Michael (October 2, 2017). "'Once Upon a Time' Season 7 Is 'Hopeful' and 'Sentimental,' EP Says". TV Insider. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (October 3, 2017). "Ask Ausiello: Spoilers on This Is Us, Flash, New Girl, Arrow, Grey's Anatomy, The Blacklist, Supernatural and More". TVLine. Retrieved October 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (November 3, 2017). "Ask Ausiello: Spoilers on New Girl, Grey's Anatomy, Big Little Lies, Flash, Walking Dead, Will & Grace and More". TVLine. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 18, 2017). "'The Orville,' 'Once Upon a Time,' 5 more shows double in week 2 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 25, 2017). "'The Good Doctor' is the most-watched show on TV in week 3 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 2, 2017). "'Chicago PD,' 10 more shows double in week 4 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 9, 2017). "'Grey's Anatomy' keeps rolling along in week 5 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 17, 2017). "'This Is Us' and 12 more shows double in week 6 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 27, 2017). "'This Is Us' rides high in week 7 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (December 5, 2017). "'Jane the Virgin,' 10 other shows double in week 8 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 21, 2017). "'Agents of SHIELD' gets a good bump in week 11 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
External links[edit]
Official website
[show]
v
t
e
Once Upon a Time
Episodes
Season 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Characters
Mary Margaret Blanchard
Emma Swan
Regina Mills
David Nolan
Henry Mills
Rumplestiltskin
Hook
Belle
Zelena
Robin Hood
Universe
Creatures
Items
Related
Awards and nominations
List of cast members
Once Upon a Time in Wonderland
Category
[show]
v
t
e
Once Upon a Time episodes
Season 1
"Pilot"
"The Thing You Love Most"
"Snow Falls"
"The Price of Gold"
"That Still Small Voice"
"The Shepherd"
"The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter"
"Desperate Souls"
"True North"
"7:15 A.M."
"Fruit of the Poisonous Tree"
"Skin Deep"
"What Happened to Frederick"
"Dreamy"
"Red-Handed"
"Heart of Darkness"
"Hat Trick"
"The Stable Boy"
"The Return"
"The Stranger"
"An Apple Red as Blood"
"A Land Without Magic"
Season 2
"Broken"
"We Are Both"
"Lady of the Lake"
"The Crocodile"
"The Doctor"
"Tallahassee"
"Child of the Moon"
"Into the Deep"
"Queen of Hearts"
"The Cricket Game"
"The Outsider"
"In the Name of the Brother"
"Tiny"
"Manhattan"
"The Queen Is Dead"
"The Miller's Daughter"
"Welcome to Storybrooke"
"Selfless, Brave and True"
"Lacey"
"The Evil Queen"
"Second Star to the Right"
"And Straight On 'til Morning"
Season 3
"The Heart of the Truest Believer"
"Lost Girl"
"Quite a Common Fairy"
"Nasty Habits"
"Good Form"
"Ariel"
"Dark Hollow"
"Think Lovely Thoughts"
"Save Henry"
"The New Neverland"
"Going Home"
"New York City Serenade"
"Witch Hunt"
"The Tower"
"Quiet Minds"
"It's Not Easy Being Green"
"The Jolly Roger"
"Bleeding Through"
"A Curious Thing"
"Kansas"
"Snow Drifts"
"There's No Place Like Home"
Season 4
"A Tale of Two Sisters"
"White Out"
"Rocky Road"
"The Apprentice"
"Breaking Glass"
"Family Business"
"The Snow Queen"
"Smash the Mirror"
"Fall"
"Shattered Sight"
"Heroes and Villains"
"Darkness on the Edge of Town"
"Unforgiven"
"Enter the Dragon"
"Poor Unfortunate Soul"
"Best Laid Plans"
"Heart of Gold"
"Sympathy for the De Vil"
"Lily"
"Mother"
"Operation Mongoose"
Season 5
"The Dark Swan"
"The Price"
"Siege Perilous"
"The Broken Kingdom"
"Dreamcatcher"
"The Bear and the Bow"
"Nimue"
"Birth"
"The Bear King"
"Broken Heart"
"Swan Song"
"Souls of the Departed"
"Labor of Love"
"Devil's Due"
"The Brothers Jones"
"Our Decay"
"Her Handsome Hero"
"Ruby Slippers"
"Sisters"
"Firebird"
"Last Rites"
"Only You"
"An Untold Story"
Season 6
"The Savior"
"A Bitter Draught"
"The Other Shoe"
"Strange Case"
"Street Rats"
"Dark Waters"
"Heartless"
"I'll Be Your Mirror"
"Changelings"
"Wish You Were Here"
"Tougher Than the Rest"
"Murder Most Foul"
"Ill-Boding Patterns"
"Page 23"
"A Wondrous Place"
"Mother's Little Helper"
"Awake"
"Where Bluebirds Fly"
"The Black Fairy"
"The Song in Your Heart"
"The Final Battle"
Season 7
"Hyperion Heights"
“A Pirate's Life”
“The Garden of Forking Paths“
“Beauty”
“Greenbacks”
“Wake Up Call”
“Eloise Gardener”
“Pretty in Blue”
“One Little Tear”
“The Eighth Witch”
Wonderland
"Down the Rabbit Hole"
"Trust Me"
"Forget Me Not"
"The Serpent"
"Heart of Stone"
"Who's Alice"
"Bad Blood"
"Home"
"Nothing to Fear"
"Dirty Little Secrets"
"Heart of the Matter"
"To Catch a Thief"
"And They Lived..."
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text:
System File Checker
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
System File Checker
A component of Microsoft Windows
Details
Type
System utility
Included with
Windows 98 and later
Related components
System Restore
Windows Recovery Environment
Windows Resource Protection
System File Checker (SFC[1]) is a utility in Microsoft Windows that allows users to scan for and restore corruptions in Windows system files. Microsoft ships this utility with Windows 98, Windows 2000 and all subsequent versions of the Windows NT family of operating systems. In Windows Vista, Windows 7 and Windows 10, System File Checker is integrated with Windows Resource Protection (WRP), which protects registry keys and folders as well as critical system files. Under Windows Vista, sfc.exe can be used to check specific folder paths, including the Windows folder and the boot folder.
Windows File Protection (WFP) works by registering for notification of file changes in Winlogon. If any changes are detected to a protected system file, the modified file is restored from a cached copy located in a compressed folder at %WinDir%\System32\dllcache. Windows Resource Protection works by setting discretionary access-control lists (DACLs) and access control lists (ACLs) defined for protected resources. Permission for full access to modify WRP-protected resources is restricted to the processes using the Windows Modules Installer service (TrustedInstaller.exe). Administrators no longer have full rights to system files.
Contents
1 History
2 Issues
3 Usage
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
Due to problems with Windows applications being able to overwrite system files in Windows 95, Microsoft has since implemented a number of security measures to protect system files from malicious attacks, corruptions, or problems such as DLL hell.
System File Checker was first introduced on Windows 98 as a GUI utility. It offered scanning and restoration of corrupted system files by matching the version number against a database containing the original version number of the files in a fresh Windows 98 installation. This method of file protection was basic. It determined system files by file extension and file path. It was able to restore files from the installation media or a source specified by the user. Windows 98 did not offer real-time system file protection beyond file attributes; therefore, no preventive or reactive measure was available.
All Windows NT-based operating systems since Windows 2000 introduced real-time file protection, called Windows File Protection (WFP).[2]
In addition, the System File Checker utility (sfc.exe) was reimplemented as a more robust command-line utility that integrated with WFP. Unlike the Windows 98 SFC utility, the new utility forces a scan of protected system files using Windows File Protection and allows the immediate silent restoration of system files from the DLLCache folder or installation media.
SFC did not appear on Windows ME,[3] as it was replaced with System File Protection (SFP).[4] Similar to WFP, SFP offered real-time protection.
Issues[edit]
The System File Checker component included with versions of Windows 2000 earlier than Service Pack 4 overrode patches distributed by Microsoft;[5] this was rectified in Windows 2000 Service Pack 4.
Usage[edit]
In Windows NT-based operating systems, System File Checker can be invoked via Windows Command Prompt (with Admin privilege), with the following command:
sfc /scannow (to repair problems)
or
sfc /verifyonly (no repair)
If it finds a problem, it will attempt to replace the problematic files from the DLL Cache (%WinDir%\System32\Dllcache\). If the file is not in the DLL Cache or the DLL Cache is corrupted, the user will be prompted to insert the Windows installation media or provide the network installation path. System File Checker determines the Windows installation source path from the registry values SourcePath and ServicePackSourcePath.[6] It may keep prompting for the installation media even if the user supplies it if these values are not correctly set.[7]
In Windows Vista and onwards, files are protected using Access control lists (ACLs), however, the above command has not changed.
System File Checker in Windows Vista and later Windows operating systems can scan specified files. Also, scans can be performed against an offline Windows installation folder to replace corrupt files, in case the Windows installation is not bootable. For performing offline scans, System File Checker must be run from another working installation of Windows Vista or a later operating system or from the Windows setup DVD[8] or a recovery drive which gives access to the Windows Recovery Environment.
In cases where the component store is corrupted, the "System Update Readiness tool" (CheckSUR) can be installed on Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008 R2 or Windows Server 2008, replaced by "Deployment Image Service and Management Tool" (DISM) for Windows 10, Windows 8.1, Windows 8, Windows Server 2012 R2 or Windows Server 2012. This tool checks the store against its own payload and repairs the corruptions that it detects by downloading required files through Windows update.[9]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Boswell, William (2003). "Using the System File Checker, SFC". Inside Windows Server 2003. Inside Series. p. 860. ISBN 9780735711587. Retrieved 2017-07-23. You do not need to hack the Registry to change the WFP settings. A command-line utility comes with Windows Server 2003 to set these values. Called the System File Checker, or SFC, the utility can also rebuild the D11Cache directory files if files are accidentally deleted.
Jump up ^ "Description of the Windows File Protection Feature". Support. Microsoft. December 15, 2003. Archived from the original on October 20, 2004. Retrieved August 28, 2006.
Jump up ^ Spector, Lincoln (February 14, 2001). "Answer Line: Windows 98 Utilities Missing in Windows Me?". PC World. IDG. Archived from the original on June 5, 2011. Retrieved December 26, 2011.
Jump up ^ "System File Protection and Windows Me". Microsoft. December 4, 2011. Archived from the original on June 22, 2004. Retrieved August 28, 2006.
Jump up ^ "The SFC /SCANNOW Command May Overwrite Hotfix Files". Support. Microsoft. October 30, 2006. Archived from the original on November 16, 2006. Retrieved February 1, 2010.
Jump up ^ "System File Checker does not accept a network location that contains the installer CD when you use the scannow switch in Windows XP SP2 or in Windows Server 2003". Support. Microsoft. January 13, 2005. Archived from the original on January 16, 2007.
Jump up ^ "You are prompted to insert a Windows XP SP2 CD when you try to run the System File Checker tool on a Windows XP SP2-based computer". Support. Microsoft. July 5, 2005. Archived from the original on February 7, 2007.
Jump up ^ kumar, Rohit (26 July 2016). "Run System File Checker Tool to Repair Windows 10/8/7 files". Craxworld. Self Published. Archived from the original on September 11, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Fix Windows Update errors by using the DISM or System Update Readiness tool". Support. Microsoft. January 22, 2017. Retrieved February 11, 2017.
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Description of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 System File Checker (Sfc.exe)
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