FIG. 3. Top panel: global 1D momentum distribution in the PIC FIG. 4. Top panel: evolution of the global energies in the PIC simulation of a shear force acting perpendicular to the mean simulation of 2D turbulence. Lines indicate turbulent magnetic magnetic field B 0 , exhibiting broadening by bulk flows. Bottom energy (red), electric energy (blue), mean field magnetic energy t Þ relative to the panel: change of the Casimir momenta Δ p (black), internal energy (gold), and turbulent bulk kinetic energy c; χ ð 0 Þ for the local coarse-grained distribution (solid initial value p (green). Bottom panel: evolution of the global 1D particle c; χ ð lines) and for the global distribution (dotted lines); varying χ momentum distribution, with a p − 3 power-law scaling shown values are indicated by colors in the legend. For reference, the for reference. The green dash-dotted line indicates the system- relative increase in the average momentum Δ h p ið t Þ = h p ið 0 Þ is size limited momentum p at which the particle gyroradius is max shown by the black dashed line. half of the box