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QuickLinks Web Page What’s New in v6 Extend Product Line Purchasing an Extend Product Training and Technical Support Extend User Forum Contacting Imagine That! Release Notes for Version 6
Plus speciﬁc information about:
e The Extend Demo e The LT (Limited) Version e Extend RunTime e Extend Player e RunTime/Player Model Development
Extend OR.0305 (telephone) 408. frequently asked questions. Its free! Go to www.365.com/quick_links. etc.imaginethatinc.extenduser. What’s New in v6 Please go to www. links to training dates and locations.0305.imaginethatinc.html to see a list of what’s new.imaginethatinc. Suite 230 San Jose. Inc. and more.com Contacting Imagine That.imaginethatinc. fax: 408.mox shows you examples of these products.imaginethatinc. new or enhanced blocks.com Extend Training and Technical Support The Support menu at www.html Purchasing an Extend Product To purchase additional Extend licenses or to upgrade to a more advanced Extend package. Whether you are new to simulation.1251 (fax) extend@imaginethatinc.0305 (USA) or sales@imaginethatinc.com www. new to Extend.imaginethatinc. please use the Order Form that was installed on your computer when you installed Extend. 6830 Via Del Oro. the virtual meeting room where you can exchange ideas.1251. You may also contact us directly at:
Imagine That. a resource café for blocks and models.html or contact Imagine That! at 408.Extend ReadMe QuickLinks Web Page Find the information you need quickly by visiting our QuickLinks page at www.. or a long-time Extend customer. or email: support@imaginethatinc. and post issues. Extend Industry. frequently asked questions.. Don’t forget to check the Extend web site www. this page will facilitate your search for general simulation information.365. For more information. CA 95119 USA 408. and more.com/prods_order. The model Demo.629. You may also download an order form at www.com has product updates. sample models from Imagine That! and Extend users. Product Line The Extend family of simulation packages includes Extend CP. modeling tips & techniques. product descriptions and features.com/prods_features_v6. go to www.html.com Extend User Forum Talk directly to other simulationists in the Extend E-Xchange.365. and Extend Suite.imaginethatinc. shows we’ll be attending.com/prods_prodline. You may also contact us with your support or training questions by telephone: 408.new releases.com for up-to-date news and information on Extend.com
. Inc.629. discuss simulation techniques.
as well as blocks that use shifts). sample code.) A57 We added direct export to Excel for the statistics blocks. Upper Limits. you will NOT be able to unlock the model ﬁle. Changes to the User’s Guide O113 The maximum number of attributes per item has been increased from 300 to 500. the “Number of attributes for a discrete event item” is 500. A36 In Appendix B. Use the Tools submenu of the Library menu to access the Converter. To unlock a password-protected model. The password is saved with the model.
. the last paragraph mentions the MacWin Converter. A36 In Appendix B. Cross-Platform Considerations. This is used in blocks that have "connectionless" connections (Queue Resource Pool. and testing of this feature. Note: if you locked your model but have forgotten the password. Summarized results can now be sent automatically to a new worksheet at the end of every simulation run. enter a password into the Enter Password ﬁeld and enter it again into the Repeat Password ﬁeld. A41 In Appendix C. A11 You can now choose in the Preferences command to save Print Setup information with the model. In the dialog that appears. select the Lock Model command and enter the password. This reduces the number of blocks visible in the popup menu and forces the connectionless connections within a hierarchical block to be local to that hierarchical block. which is 20 strings or 5100 characters. Throw. The optional "Lock Hblocks" checkbox in this dialog determines whether or not the hierarchical blocks on the locked model will be openable. (Many thanks to the folks at Boeing for their suggestions. there should be a line item for the “Maximum length of a popup menu”. A20 and E99 The Lock Model command has been enhanced to include password protection. A57 In the Discrete Event and Manufacturing libraries we added encapsulated referencing technology for blocks that reference other blocks. To password-protect a model. A57 We also added a “last column is run number” option for the statistics blocks. the only way to unlock a password-protected model is to choose the Lock Model command again and enter the password. Choosing this option limits the number of blocks displayed in the search popup. If you check this box. it only displays the block that is the closest hierarchically. statistics and Shift blocks. If the search identiﬁes duplicate blocks.Extend ReadMe Release Notes The following Release Notes reﬂect the differences between the printed documentation and the current release of Extend v6. Release Resource Pool. double clicking on a hierarchical block in the locked model will not open its worksheet window. Upper Limits. choose the Lock Model command in the Model menu. Catch.
or a ModL function call from a block. click the Select button to choose the Step 1 Time ﬁeld in the ﬁrst Get Attribute (DB) block and the the Step 2 Time ﬁeld in the second Get Attribute (DB) block. The model is now complete and ready to run. D170 The function GAPopupMenu now allows any size string array. changes a block’s view or the class of blocks in a model. in step 4.Extend ReadMe In27 In the Industry section. D10 The maximum length of a popup menu increased to 20 strings (5100 characters). the change is not made to the view or class. Before you do this. Conﬁgure the Change Attribute block to increment the attribute Step by a value of 1.
. The picture should show that the “Attribute name: ‘Product’ is associated with the Table ‘Products’. BlockTableInfo. For optimal performance. Sent by some of the blocks to query data table size. Not sent by Extend. not just string15. Then connect the Exit and Write DB blocks you used in Database Tutorial #2 to the bottom output of the Select Output (5) block. In37 In the Industry section.” Changes to the Developer’s Reference Note for Block Developers The Extend version 6 compiler has many enhancements and optimizations. step 8 is missing. In36 In the Industry section. change the third paragraph to read: “Conﬁgure the Change Attribute block (following the Combine (5) block) to increment the "Step" attribute by 1. Sent when the user. Conﬁgure all the Get Attribute (Db) blocks following the Select DE (5) block to read the attribute named Product and the Get Attribute (Db) blocks to their right to read the attribute Step. we recommend that you recompile any blocks that you built in earlier versions. It should be: 8. please note that version 6 is not backward compatible and blocks compiled in v6 cannot be read by earlier versions of Extend.” In36 In the Industry section. step 7 should read: To use the new times you added to the data. If the user aborts this message with an abort statement. we strongly recommend you make backup copies of your libraries before you recompile them in Extend 6. Therefore. the picture of the Get Atribute (DB) dialog is not correct. as shown in the Tutorial 3 model worksheet on page In34. D37-39 There are 2 new Message Handlers that send messages to individual blocks: IconViewChange.
The following functions or function descriptions were added after the manual was printed: Function isSimulationPaused() Description Returns I I
Returns a TRUE if the simulation is paused or is about to pause. string variableNameStr. returns the DispID. It returns TRUE if the CLSID is already in the registry and FALSE if it is not. (long dispHandle. The model can be saved by using the Save menu command or the SaveModel() function. long which) Returns TRUE if “which” qualities are true for the dialog item: 1: hidden 2: enabled 3: display only
. OLEDispatchGetDispID Given a function/variable Name. PauseSimForSave() Pauses the current running active model for saving. This allows the user to save the model while paused and enables the Continue Simulation command discussed on page E224. ListDisposeAll(long Disposes all linked lists in a block. Note: The PauseSim function does a pause immediate which is useful for debugging. Saving Intermediate Results. ODBCConﬁgData Calls the Windows API SQLConﬁgDataSource() Source(long fRequest. but will not allow saving the model. string This function is the same as OLEGetDispID except theName) that it is expecting a DispHandle instead of a block number and dialog item name. Returns TRUE if blockNum) the block doesn’t exist or the lists have already been disposed. OLEObjectIsRegistered Checks to see if a speciﬁc CLSID is already regis(string clsid) tered. function with the entered arguments string szDriver. string szAttributes) GetDialogItemInfo(long blockNum.
Otherwise if neighbor is -1 (no neighbor) they are absolute worksheet coordinates.Extend ReadMe The following functions were changed after the Developer’s Reference was printed: Function AppendPopupLabels ListGetDouble ListGetLong ListGetString ListSetDouble ListSetLong ListSetString PlaceBlock Description Now accepts up to 5100 characters.0e-15 -9 Arg2 is negative or less than 1.
. but not yet added. RandomCalculate There are additional distribution codes: ExtremeValue1A 20 ExtremeValue1B 21 JohnsonSB 22 JohnsonSU 23 Laplace 24 Rayleigh 25 InverseWeibull 26 Logarithmic 27 Hypergeometric 28 Chisquared 29 PowerFunction 30 RandomCheckParam This function now has more error return codes: -8 Arg1 is negative or less than 1.0 -13 Arg2 > 1. or the empty string ("") if Cancel was clicked.0e-15 -10 Arg3 is negative or less than 1. it refers to the current newly created. yPixel values are relative to the location of the neighbor. item.0 -14 Arg3 > 1. or the default string if there was no user entry. then the xPixel.0e-15 -11 Arg1 >= Arg2 -12 Arg1 > 1.0 UserParameter Description is missing the following information: Displays the prompt string and default string.
Description is missing the following information: If the neighbor ﬁeld is ﬁlled in with a block number of a block already on the worksheet. Descriptions are missing the following information: If elementIndex is passed in as a value less than zero. then returns either the entry typed. If elementIndex is zero or greater it is used as an index value into the speciﬁed list.
Extend OR. With them you can: e Learn about Extend capabilities such as optimization. e Build and save your own custom blocks. e Access the source code of some of the libraries of blocks. e Determine which Extend product is right for you: Extend Suite. Extend Industry. the Extend OR and Extend CP products are available for either Windows or Macintosh OS. e Change values in block dialogs and view simulation results. Example Models The ﬁle Demo. You can open this ﬁle and all the other Extend models using the Open command in the File menu. However. and interacting with Microsoft Ofﬁce and other applications. activity-based costing. The Developer’s Reference is for those who want to modify Extend blocks or build their own blocks. e Explore additional applications such as Proof Animation (for professional level animation) and Stat::Fit (for distribution ﬁtting). e Print worksheets in the demo application.) Extend Manuals The Extend manuals are in . manuals in . and example models that illustrate the Extend product line: Extend Suite. The CD installs a demonstration version of all the Extend products. you cannot: e Save model changes. there will be differences between the documentation and the capabilities of the Demo application.pdf format and are located in the Documentation folder within the Extend folder. hierarchy.Extend ReadMe About The Extend Demo The Demo CD is designed for people who want to evaluate the Extend line of products. (Note: These ﬁles are structured the same as the printed manuals that ship with the full Extend product. (Note: The Suite and Industry products are only available for Windows operating systems. Extend Industry. and Extend CP. built-in authoring environment. and more. e Run models of any size (even bigger than 25 blocks). Thus. see the Extend Demo and Player License Agreement for complete terms.mox contains a selection of sample models for each Extend product. The User’s Guide provides instruction on how to run and build a model.pdf format. The use of the Extend Demo software is covered by a License Agreement. The Demo Application The Demo application allows you to explore the features and capabilities of Extend. or Extend CP. Extend OR. Example models are designed to help you evaluate Extend. use the Extend libraries. These two programs are included in the Extend Suite package for Windows. With the demo you can: e Build models (up to a maximum size of 25 blocks).)
e Other examples allow you to explore Extend capabilities such as optimization. as a companion to a book. for Macintosh the LT is Extend OR. print and save models. there will be differences between the documentation and the capabilities of the LT application. block dialogs. supplying pre-built model segments you can copy and paste where wanted. activity-based costing. Manufacturing. you can also purchase printed manuals. However. however.)
. e Build and save your own custom blocks. Example Models The LT version includes numerous sample models designed to help you build models and learn about Extend features and capabilities. (Note: These ﬁles are structured the same as the printed manuals that ship with the full Extend product. Extend Manuals The LT version includes . e Example models can also serve as templates for building your own models. and more. build. run pre-built models of any size. hierarchy. and interfacing with Microsoft Ofﬁce and other applications. built-in authoring environment. e Print model worksheets.pdf format. However. run. and Industry libraries have their block code protected. The Extend LT Application The LT version has many capabilities. The LT version includes documentation in . e The LT version expires 180 days after its ﬁrst use. e Run models of any size (even bigger than 75 blocks).Extend ReadMe About the LT (Limited) Version of Extend The LT product is a limited version of the Extend family of simulation packages. You can. The Developer’s Reference is for those who want to modify Extend blocks or build their own blocks. or for people who are evaluating Extend and want more capabilities than the Demo application.pdf manuals located in the Documentation folder within the Extend folder. Thus. there are some limitations: e The models you build are limited to a maximum of 75 blocks. e There is no upgrade path and technical support is limited to installation questions. you have access to the code of the rest of the library blocks. and so forth. use the Extend libraries. For example. you can: e Build models. e Printed documentation is not included. e The BPR. e Change values and save simulation results. The User’s Guide provides instruction on how to run and build a model. It is designed for students doing coursework with Extend. up to a maximum size of 75 blocks. e Tutorial models show you how to open. For Windows the LT is Extend Suite.
Therefore. e Print models. You can install the RunTime version from the Extend CD or from the Extend RunTime CD. If you have it. For support or information about the models. add or delete dialog items. provided the RunTime model has these features. If you develop models for others to use with the RunTime version of Extend. change a block's programmed behavior. e Save changes made to the model. please contact the person who developed your models. e Change parameters (values) in a model and run the changed simulation. Blocks (the components of the model) can not be added to or removed from the RunTime models nor can connections between the blocks be altered. The RunTime version is a single-user license. e You can neither change the model’s structure nor build your own models. please contact your RunTime model Developer. e Import and/or export ﬁles and interface through the serial ports. Limitations of the RunTime Version: e Models must be developed in the full version of Extend.txt” ﬁle. and so forth. Additional Information When you received your RunTime models.
. you may have also received an “ex_name. For technical support or information about the RunTime models. dialogs. e RunTime model developers can personalize the RunTime startup screen.txt” ﬁle into your RunTime folder. Capabilities of the RunTime Version: e Run models built in the full version and obtain graphical and tabular outputs. install the “ex_name. please see the section titled Notes to Developers of RunTime and Player Models. e You cannot build your own blocks or access the structure and dialog editor of an existing block. e The RunTime application can only read RunTime versions of the Extend libraries. the model Developer's contact information will appear in the application's start-up screen. so each customer needs to purchase a serial number to activate their RunTime application.Extend ReadMe About The Extend RunTime Version Extend RunTime allows you to use models that others have built in the full version of Extend. e There is no upgrade path. e Technical support is limited to installation questions. you cannot modify icons. RunTime model developers can use this ﬁle to provide their contact information. When you launch Extend RunTime. e See animation in the model if the model has animation in it and Show Animation is selected in the Run menu. or make other structural changes.
dialogs. You may download the Player for free from our web site and use it for your personal use.com. you cannot modify icons. You can neither change the model’s structure nor build your own models. add or delete dialog items.imaginethatinc. The Limitations of the Player Version: e e e e You cannot save changes to the models. change a block's programmed behavior. Models must be developed in the full version of Extend. e There is no upgrade path. and obtain graphical and tabular outputs. e See animation in the model if the model has animation in it and Show Animation is selected in the Run menu. or reports. however. you may not include the Player on a CD-ROM or any other media nor place the Player for direct download from your web site. For support or information about the Extend models. (You may. Inc.Extend ReadMe About the Player Version of Extend Like the Runtime version. Licensing Information This Player version of Extend is licensed to you by Imagine That. The Extend Player is available as a free download from our web site at www. e The Player application can only read RunTime versions of the Extend libraries. the Extend Player allows you to run models that others have built in the full version of Extend and make changes to those models. and its use is covered by a License Agreement. However. Inc. unless you have obtained the prior written consent of Imagine That. You cannot print model worksheets. and so forth. web site’s location for downloading the Player. please contact the person who developed your models. Capabilities of the Player Version: e Run models built in the full version. e Change parameters (values) in a model and run the changed simulation. place a link from your web site to our. Blocks (the components of the model) can not be added to or removed from the models nor can connections between the blocks be altered. e Technical support is limited to installation questions. Unlike the RunTime version. Therefore.
e You cannot build your own blocks or access the structure and dialog editor of an existing block. e Import and/or export ﬁles and interface through the serial ports. you cannot save your changes or print.) See the Extend Demo and Player License Agreement for complete terms.
. provided the Extend model has these features.
e Libraries converted to RunTime format keep the same name as the original.com. You may purchase a RunTime CD or you may purchase a RunTime serial number and install the RunTime ﬁles from the CD that installs the full version of Extend. but add the extension “. you will need to convert your libraries to RunTime format so that they are: e Readable by the RunTime or Player versions of Extend. (The full version of Extend can open a model that uses RunTime libraries. The RunTime CD and the Player download include RunTime versions of all of the standard Extend libraries. For example. Those who use your models will need to purchase their own RunTime license or download the free Player version from the Imagine That! web site at www. If you build custom libraries. you need a serial number to activate the RunTime application.imaginethatinc.Extend ReadMe Notes to Developers of RunTime and Player Models You may want to share your Extend models with customers or others who do not have the full version of Extend. you will need to purchase an Extend RunTime license or download a Player version." in the Tools command of the Library menu. the Windows RunTime version can only read libraries that have been converted to RunTime format on the Windows platform. To convert your custom built libraries to RunTime format: e Extend libraries are platform speciﬁc.. Extend will make a copy of the library. e In the full version of Extend.. and deliver your models to the end user. The Extend RunTime and Player versions are a perfect solution. Converting Your Libraries to RunTime Format The RunTime and Player versions require that the libraries used by your models be in RunTime format. In either case. the full version of Extend will not be able to open RunTime libraries unless it is in RunTime mode. e Unreadable by Extend when running as a full version. e Select the library for conversion.) e Protected so that block source code is removed and cannot be accessed. However.lrx” (Windows) or “. convert it to RunTime format.rt” (Macintosh). Library conversion must be done on the model user’s platform.
. you need to convert your custom libraries (if any) to RunTime format. They allow you to distribute Extend models and libraries to those who do not have Extend. customize the startup screen with your contact information (RunTime only). and save it in the same location as the original library. So that other people can run and use your models. choose "Convert to RunTime Library. models you distribute with the RunTime version of Extend will recognize the RunTime libraries as if they were the originals. e Since the name is the same. but Extend will then convert to RunTime mode. In order to test your libraries and models in the RunTime/Player format.
e To test the customization. To customize the startup screen of a RunTime application that is already installed on your computer.txt” text ﬁle you created to customize the RunTime startup screen with your contact details (RunTime only. e Instructions for installing your ﬁles and using your model(s). e When the RunTime application is launched. in RunTime format. you can have your name and telephone number appear on the startup screen so that the model user can contact you. e Your custom libraries. e Any extensions required by your models (note that the RunTime CD includes the Extend extensions). it is your responsibility to supply the RunTime or Player user with sufﬁcient information to install and use your models.
. For example. e A copy of the “ex_name. Please be sure to include the following items: e Your Extend model(s). The end user will need to purchase an Extend RunTime application to run your model ﬁles.txt” ﬁle into their ExtendRunTime folder. your text will appear on the startup screen and the text ﬁle will disappear. (That is why you need to use a copy of the customization ﬁle. Delivering Your Files and Documentation to the End User As the model developer.txt" ﬁle to the end user along with your model(s) and custom libraries. place a copy of the "ex_name.Extend ReadMe
Customizing the RunTime Startup Screen (RunTime version only) You can customize an Extend RunTime startup screen with up to four lines of text.txt" ﬁle into your ExtendRunTime folder and launch Extend RunTime. To give end users a text ﬁle that will display your custom information in the RunTime applications they install on their computers. do the following: e Install a RunTime version of Extend so you can test your customization. e Save the ﬁle as "ex_name.txt". typed exactly as shown here.) e Give the copy of the "ex_name. use the RunTime Startup Screen Editor command in the Tools section of the Library menu. e Open either the NotePad accessory (on Windows) or the SimpleText or TeachText application (on Macintosh) and type up to 4 lines of custom text. e Instruct the end user to install Extend RunTime and copy the "ex_name. see above).
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How to harness your true diva potential - Page 2 - ESPN
DJ Gallo breaks down T.O.'s and Mr. Ocho Cinco's new rules for being a receiver. The Hangover, Week 5
Updated: October 7, 2008, 2:27 AM ET
The Constitutional Convention. The Yalta Conference. The Geneva Summit. For decades, great men have come together to make important decisions for the future.On Sunday, Terrell Owens and Chad Johnson met to set bylaws for how future receivers can be attention-seeking divas the way they are.I call it the Diva Wide Receiver (or DWR) Summit. Here is what was agreed upon:Resolution 1: Work hard
Above all else, a diva wide receiver is a good player. ...Read full story

type: global

value: This website is the official website of ESPN. It is owned by ESPN Internet Ventures, a division of ESPN Inc.


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Global positioning system ppt by Swapnil Ramgirwar 10832 views
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Gps ppt by Rishabh Gandhi 113272 views
Hammad Mansha , ,..future EnGineer OF Aeronautics..., at Boeing 787 Dreamliner
2. Overview  Official name of GPS is NAVigational Satellite Timing And Ranging Global Positioning System (NAVSTAR GPS)  Global Positioning Systems (GPS) is a form of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)  Only completely functional one of its kind at this time  First developed by the United States Department of Defense  Consists of two dozen GPS satellites in medium Earth orbit (The region of space between 2000km and 35,786 km)
3. Overview (continued)  Made up of two dozen satellites working in unison are known as a satellite constellation  This constellation is currently controlled by the United States Air Force 50th Space Wing  It costs about $750 million to manage and maintain the system per year  Mainly used for navigation, map-making and surveying
4. Operation Overview  A GPS receiver can tell its own position by using the position data of itself, and compares that data with 3 or more GPS satellites.  To get the distance to each satellite, the GPS transmits a signal to each satellite.  The signal travels at a known speed.  The system measures the time delay between the signal transmission and signal reception of the GPS signal.  The signals carry information about the satellite’s location.  Determines the position of, and distance to, at least three satellites, to reduce error.  The receiver computes position using trilateration.
6. Operational Overview Video  NASA produced short film that sumarizes GPS  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wi_3Xw kA8cQ
7. GPS Functionality  GPS systems are made up of 3 segments  Space Segment (SS)  Control Segment (CS)  User Segment (US)
8. Space Segment  GPS satellites fly in circular orbits at an altitude of 20,200 km and with a period of 12 hours.  Powered by solar cells, the satellites continuously orient themselves to point their solar panels toward the sun and their antenna toward the earth.  Orbital planes are centered on the Earth  Each planes has about 55° tilt relative to Earth's equator in order to cover the polar regions.
9. Space Segment (Continued)  Each satellite makes two complete orbits each sidereal day.  Sidereal - Time it takes for the Earth to turn 360 degrees in its rotation  It passes over the same location on Earth once each day.  Orbits are designed so that at the very least, six satellites are always within line of sight from any location on the planet.
10. Space Segment (Continued)  There are currently 30 actively broadcasting satellites in the GPS constellation.  Redundancy is used by the additional satellites to improve the precision of GPS receiver calculations.  A non-uniform arrangement improves the reliability and availability of the system over that of a uniform system, when multiple satellites fail  This is possible due to the number of satellites in the air today
11. Control Segment  The CS consists of 3 entities:  Master Control System  Monitor Stations  Ground Antennas
12. Master Control Station  The master control station, located at Falcon Air Force Base in Colorado Springs, Colorado, is responsible for overall management of the remote monitoring and transmission sites.  GPS ephemeris is the tabulation of computed positions, velocities and derived right ascension and declination of GPS satellites at specific times for eventual upload to GPS satellites.
13. Monitor Stations  Six monitor stations are located at Falcon Air Force Base in Colorado, Cape Canaveral, Florida, Hawaii, Ascension Island in the Atlantic Ocean, Diego Garcia Atoll in the Indian Ocean, and Kwajalein Island in the South Pacific Ocean.  Each of the monitor stations checks the exact altitude, position, speed, and overall health of the orbiting satellites.
14. Monitor Stations (continued)  The control segment uses measurements collected by the monitor stations to predict the behavior of each satellite's orbit and clock.  The prediction data is up-linked, or transmitted, to the satellites for transmission back to the users.  The control segment also ensures that the GPS satellite orbits and clocks remain within acceptable limits. A station can track up to 11 satellites at a time.
15. Monitor Stations (continued)  This "check-up" is performed twice a day, by each station, as the satellites complete their journeys around the earth.  Variations such as those caused by the gravity of the moon, sun and the pressure of solar radiation, are passed along to the master control station.
16. Ground Antennas  Ground antennas monitor and track the satellites from horizon to horizon.  They also transmit correction information to individual satellites.
17. User Segment  The user's GPS receiver is the US of the GPS system.  GPS receivers are generally composed of an antenna, tuned to the frequencies transmitted by the satellites, receiver-processors, and a highly- stable clock, commonly a crystal oscillator).  They can also include a display for showing location and speed information to the user.  A receiver is often described by its number of channels this signifies how many satellites it can monitor simultaneously. As of recent, receivers usually have between twelve and twenty channels.
18. User Segment (continued)  Using the RTCM SC-104 format, GPS receivers may include an input for differential corrections.  This is typically in the form of a RS-232 port at 4,800 bps speed. Data is actually sent at a much lower rate, which limits the accuracy of the signal sent using RTCM.  Receivers with internal DGPS receivers are able to outclass those using external RTCM data.
19. Navigational Systems  GPS satellites broadcast three different types of data in the primary navigation signal.  Almanac – sends time and status information about the satellites.  Ephemeris – has orbital information that allows the receiver to calculate the position of the satellite.  This data is included in the 37,500 bit Navigation Message, which takes 12.5 minutes to send at 50 bps.
20. Navigational Systems (cont’d)  Satellites broadcast two forms of clock information  Coarse / Acquisition code (C/A) - freely available to the public. The C/A code is a 1,023 bit long pseudo-random code broadcast at 1.023 MHz, repeating every millisecond.  Restricted Precise code (P-code) - reserved for military usage. The P-code is a similar code broadcast at 10.23 MHz, but it repeats only once a week. In normal operation, the anti- spoofing mode, the P code is first encrypted into the Y-code, or P(Y), which can only be decrypted by users a valid key.
21. GPS Frequencies  L1 (1575.42 MHz) - Mix of Navigation Message, coarse-acquisition (C/A) code and encrypted precision P(Y) code.  L2 (1227.60 MHz) - P(Y) code, plus the new L2C code on the Block IIR-M and newer satellites.  L3 (1381.05 MHz) - Used by the Defense Support Program to signal detection of missile launches, nuclear detonations, and other applications.
22. GPS Proposed Frequencies  L4 (1379.913 MHz) - Being studied for additional correction to the part of the atmosphere that is ionized by solar radiation.  L5 (1176.45 MHz) – To be used as a civilian safety-of-life (SoL) signal.  Internationally protected range for aeronautical navigation.  The first satellite that using this signal to be launched in 2008.
23. Position Calculation  The coordinates are calculated according to the World Geodetic System WGS84 coordinate system.  The satellites are equipped with atomic clocks  Receiver uses an internal crystal oscillator- based clock that is continually updated using the signals from the satellites.  Receiver identifies each satellite's signal by its distinct C/A code pattern, then measures the time delay for each satellite.
24. Position Calculation (cont’d)  The receiver emits an identical C/A sequence using the same seed number the satellite used.  By aligning the two sequences, the receiver can measure the delay and calculate the distance to the satellite, called the pseudorange.  Orbital position data from the Navigation Message is used to calculate the satellite's precise position. Knowing the position and the distance of a satellite indicates that the receiver is located somewhere on the surface of an imaginary sphere centered on that satellite and whose radius is the distance to it.
25. Position Calculation (cont’d)  When four satellites are measured at the same time, the point where the four imaginary spheres meet is recorded as the location of the receiver.  Earth-based users can substitute the sphere of the planet for one satellite by using their altitude. Often, these spheres will overlap slightly instead of meeting at one point, so the receiver will yield a mathematically most-probable position.
26. Issues That Affect Accuracy  Changing atmospheric conditions change the speed of the GPS signals as they pass through the Earth's atmosphere and ionosphere.  Effect is minimized when the satellite is directly overhead  Becomes greater for satellites nearer the horizon, since the signal is affected for a longer time.  Once the receiver's approximate location is known, a mathematical model can be used to estimate and compensate for these errors.
27. Issues That Affect Accuracy (cont’d)  Clock Errors can occur when, for example, a GPS satellite is boosted back into a proper orbit.  The receiver's calculation of the satellite's position will be incorrect until it receives another ephemeris update.  Onboard clocks are accurate, but they suffer from partial clock drift.
28. Issues That Affect Accuracy (cont’d)  GPS Jamming can be used to limit the effectiveness of the GPS signal  For example, it is believed GPS guided missles have been misled to attack non- target locations in the war in Afghanistan.  The stronger the jamming signal, the more interference can be caused to the GPS signal.
29. Issues That Affect Accuracy (cont’d)  GPS signals can also be affected by multipath issues  Radio signals reflect off surrounding objects at a location. These delayed signals can cause inaccuracy.  Less severe in moving vehicles. When the GPS antenna is moving, the false solutions using reflected signals quickly fail to converge and only the direct signals result in stable solutions.
30. Methods of Improving Accuracy  Precision monitoring  Dual Frequency Monitoring  Refers to systems that can compare two or more signals  These two frequencies are affected in two different ways. How they are affected can be predicted however  After monitoring these signals, it’s possible to calculate what the error is and eliminate it  Receivers that have the correct decryption key can decode the P(Y)-code transmitted on signals to measure the error.
31. Methods of Improving Accuracy (cont’d)  Carrier-Phase Enhancement (CPGPS)  CPGPS uses the L1 carrier wave, which has a period 1000 times smaller than that of the C/A bit period, to act as an additional clock signal and resolve uncertainty.  The phase difference error in the normal GPS amounts to between 2 and 3 meters (6 to 10 ft) of ambiguity.  CPGPS works to within 1% of perfect transition to reduce the error to 3 centimeters (1 inch) of ambiguity.  By eliminating this source of error, CPGPS coupled with DGPS normally realizes between 20 and 30 centimeters (8 to 12 inches) of absolute accuracy.
32. Methods of Improving Accuracy (cont’d)  Relative Kinematic Positioning (RKP)  Determination of range signal can be resolved to an accuracy of less than 10 centimeters (4 in).  Resolves the number of cycles in which the signal is transmitted and received by the receiver.  Accomplished by using a combination of DGPS correction data, transmitting GPS signal phase information and ambiguity resolution techniques via statistical tests — possibly with processing in real-time.
33. Methods of Improving Accuracy (cont’d)  Augmentation  Relies on external information being integrated into the calculation process.  Some augmentation systems transmit additional information about sources of error.  Some provide direct measurements of how much the signal was off in the past  Another group could provide additional navigational or vehicle information to be integrated in the calculation process.
34. Applications – Military  Military GPS user equipment has been integrated into fighters, bombers, tankers, helicopters, ships, submarines, tanks, jeeps, and soldiers' equipment.  In addition to basic navigation activities, military applications of GPS include target designation of cruise missiles and precision-guided weapons and close air support.  To prevent GPS interception by the enemy, the government controls GPS receiver exports  GPS satellites also can contain nuclear detonation detectors.
35. Applications – Civilian  Automobiles are often equipped GPS receivers.  They show moving maps and information about your position on the map, speed you are traveling, buildings, highways, exits etc.  Some of the market leaders in this technology are Garmin and TomTom, not to mention the built in GPS navigational systems from automotive manufacturers.
36. Applications – Civilian (cont’d)  For aircraft, GPS provides  Continuous, reliable, and accurate positioning information for all phases of flight on a global basis, freely available to all.  Safe, flexible, and fuel-efficient routes for airspace service providers and airspace users.  Potential decommissioning and reduction of expensive ground based navigation facilities, systems, and services.  Increased safety for surface movement operations made possible by situational awareness.
37. Applications – Civilian (cont’d)  Agriculture  GPS provides precision soil sampling, data collection, and data analysis, enable localized variation of chemical applications and planting density to suit specific areas of the field.  Ability to work through low visibility field conditions such as rain, dust, fog and darkness increases productivity.  Accurately monitored yield data enables future site-specific field preparation.
38. Applications – Civilian (cont’d)  Disaster Relief  Deliver disaster relief to impacted areas faster, saving lives.  Provide position information for mapping of disaster regions where little or no mapping information is available.  Example, using the precise position information provided by GPS, scientists can study how strain builds up slowly over time in an attempt to characterize and possibly anticipate earthquakes in the future.
39. Applications – Civilian (cont’d)  Marine applications  GPS allows access to fast and accurate position, course, and speed information, saving navigators time and fuel through more efficient traffic routing.  Provides precise navigation information to boaters.  Enhances efficiency and economy for container management in port facilities.
40. Applications – Civilian (cont’d)  Other Applications not mentioned here include  Railroad systems  Recreational activities (returning to the same fishing spot)  Heading information – replacing compasses now that the poles are shifting  Weather Prediction  Skydiving – taking into account winds, plane and dropzone location  Many more!

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Bardot (1903-1922) - Find A Grave Memorial
Photo added by See Ya Soon
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Unsure of whom rests here, but they are between Irene Bardot and Thos. Johnson. I am taking a guess at the name here being Bardot, which I am almost sure the starting of the lettering in this headstone starts with a B. I might add this is a beautiful headstone handmade.
Gravesite Details tall cement stone embedded with broken colored glass and marbles.. Can someone help to I.D. this stone?
See more Bardot memorials in:
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Find A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed ), memorial page for Bardot (1903–1922), Find A Grave Memorial no. 16453039, citing Lookout Cemetery, Freedom, Woods County, Oklahoma, USA ; Maintained by See Ya Soon (contributor 46860087) .
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php - CakePHP ACL generating different links for different groups - Stack Overflow
CakePHP ACL generating different links for different groups
1 Using CakePHP 2.0's ACL I have created 2 groups. One is admin and one is visitors. Right now admin can add and upload images and visitors can just view the images, if they click add or delete, it won't let them do anything. What's the best way to remove these links for visitor group? If I check which group they belong to using if/else statement, would that be the best solution?
php cakephp share|improve this question asked May 10 '12 at 19:17
70111127
To hide links that lead to actions a user is not authorized to perform, the views must somehow be aware of the user permissions. You could check these permissions by checking the group a user belongs to, but this would mean that you wouldn't rely on the ACL permissions anymore. So any ACL permission update would have to be reported in code. Not very handy.
Then what else ? An approach is to check the user permissions in the controller, typically during login, and then keep these permissions in session.
The permissions in session can then be checked in the views to hide or show some parts of the views. You can find an example of this method here: But for links specifically, you can go a little further and avoid to write the tests in views. I personnaly use a helper that inherits from the HtmlHelper and overrides the link() method.
Basically it works on the same idea: inside the overriden link() method, the permission on the target action is checked and the helper return the link, or nothing if the user is not allowed to access the target action.
If you want to try my code, you can use my Acl plugin In your AppController, set the permissions:
var $components = array(..., 'Acl.AclManager');
//you can put it here as the permissions check is performed only once per session
$this->AclManager->set_session_permissions();
And in your views, use the AclHtmlHelper
$this->AclHtml->link(...);
A general remark on the principle this method is based on though: all permissions are checked during login. If you have many actions in your application, this can considerably slow down the login. A more effective approach could be to check the user permission for each actions only when it is required, meaning when the link() method is called. But this would mean that the helper would have to check the Acl permission itself, and this would somehow break the MVC model. And in the core lib, the Acl check is highly coupled to a component. share|improve this answer answered May 11 '12 at 7:54
3,092921
Will it affect the performance if I have many controllers(around 100 and) each controller has 5 or more methods?
– Saanch
@gvLearner As I mentionned, it affects the login time, because as soon as a user is authenticated, the permissions are checked. In your case, the AclComponent->check() method would be called around 500 times at login. This is clearly a drawback. But then, once the login is done, it almost does not affect performance (only a few calls to some Router methods are used to compare the action link and the permissions in session).
login in page doesn't redirect with CakePHP ACL
cakephp secure link using html helper link method
CakePHP: False positive authError with ACL
CakePHP ACL: Is a base group/ARO required
CakePHP ACL tutorial group_id
CakePHP return invalid node

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text:
Raúl Castro and the new Cuba : a close-up view of change (Book, 2011) [WorldCat.org]
http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/732960113
Title: Raúl Castro and the new Cuba : a close-up view of change
Author: Harlan Abrahams; Arturo Lopez-Levy
ISBN/ISSN: 9780786465279 0786465271
OCLC:732960113
Harlan Abrahams; Arturo Lopez-Levy
"This work includes expert analysis and narrative accounts from current Cuban citizens to explore economic, political, legal, and social changes occurring in Cuba under Raúl Castro's presidency. Issues discussed include how Cubans are facing the challenges of an economy emerging into a market-driven reality, how the one-party system can endure, and what the future may hold"--Provided by publisher.
Presidents -- Cuba.
Raúl Castro; Raúl Castro Ruz; Raúl Castro
9780786465279 0786465271
732960113
pt. 1. Two New Presidents --
Arturo and Raúl --
Pedro, Carlos and Raúl --
Raúl and Rody --
pt. 2. The New Cuba --
The Economy in the New Cuba --
Politics in the New Cuba --
The Rule of Law in the New Cuba --
pt. 3. The Future of Cuba --
Silly Fantasies --
A Detour to Russia? --
The Chinese Model, Europe and Brazil --
pt. 4. The New Convergence --
Add tags for "Raúl Castro and the new Cuba : a close-up view of change".
american foreign policy (by 1 person)
raul castro (by 1 person)
1 items are tagged withamerican foreign policy
1 items are tagged withraul castro
1 items are tagged withus cuba relations
One-party systems -- Cuba.
Rule of law -- Cuba.
<http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/732960113> # Raúl Castro and the new Cuba : a close-up view of change
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schema:bookFormat bgn:PrintBook ; schema:contributor <http://viaf.org/viaf/231356245> ; # Arturo Lopez-Levy
schema:copyrightYear "2011" ; schema:creator <http://viaf.org/viaf/33943939> ; # Harlan Abrahams
schema:datePublished "2011" ; schema:description ""This work includes expert analysis and narrative accounts from current Cuban citizens to explore economic, political, legal, and social changes occurring in Cuba under Raúl Castro's presidency. Issues discussed include how Cubans are facing the challenges of an economy emerging into a market-driven reality, how the one-party system can endure, and what the future may hold"--Provided by publisher."@en ; schema:description "pt. 1. Two New Presidents -- Arturo and Raúl -- Pedro, Carlos and Raúl -- Raúl and Rody -- pt. 2. The New Cuba -- The Economy in the New Cuba -- Politics in the New Cuba -- The Rule of Law in the New Cuba -- pt. 3. The Future of Cuba -- Silly Fantasies -- A Detour to Russia? -- The Chinese Model, Europe and Brazil -- pt. 4. The New Convergence -- Making Space -- Fits and Starts -- The Path to Reform."@en ; schema:exampleOfWork <http://worldcat.org/entity/work/id/917855307> ; schema:genre "Biography"@en ; schema:inLanguage "en" ; schema:name "Raúl Castro and the new Cuba : a close-up view of change"@en ; schema:productID "732960113" ; schema:publication <http://www.worldcat.org/title/-/oclc/732960113#PublicationEvent/jefferson_n_c_mcfarland_&_co_2011> ; schema:publisher <http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/917855307#Agent/mcfarland_&_co> ; # McFarland & Co.
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a schema:Event ; schema:name "Geschichte 1959-2011." ; .
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<http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/917855307#Person/castro_raul_1930> # Raúl Castro
<http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/917855307#Person/castro_ruz_raul> # Raúl Castro Ruz
<http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/917855307#Place/cuba> # Cuba.
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<http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/917855307#Place/kuba> # Kuba.
<http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/917855307#Topic/economic_history> # Economic history
<http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/917855307#Topic/economic_policy> # Economic policy
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a schema:Intangible ; schema:name "One-party systems"@en ; .
<http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/917855307#Topic/one_party_systems_cuba> # One-party systems--Cuba
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<http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/917855307#Topic/presidents> # Presidents
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a schema:Intangible ; schema:hasPart <http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85123918> ; schema:name "Social change--Cuba"@en ; .
<http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/917855307#Topic/social_conditions> # Social conditions
<http://viaf.org/viaf/231356245> # Arturo Lopez-Levy
a schema:Person ; schema:familyName "Lopez-Levy" ; schema:givenName "Arturo" ; schema:name "Arturo Lopez-Levy" ; .
<http://viaf.org/viaf/33943939> # Harlan Abrahams
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schema:organizer <http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/917855307#Agent/mcfarland_&_co> ; # McFarland & Co.

value: This website is a union catalog that itemizes the collections of 15,637 libraries in 107 countries that participate in the OCLC global cooperative. It is operated by OCLC, Inc.


text:
John Mitchell#7 C 6' 1", 204 lbsColorado AvalancheBornJan 22, 1985 in Oakville, OntarioAge29Drafted2003: 5th Rnd, 158th by TORExperience6 years2013-14 SeasonGAPTS112132Career4677123Complete Stats »Go toJohn MitchellPlayer ProfileStatsSplitsGame LogVideosPhotos
John Mitchell PicturesCALGARY, CANADA - JANUARY 31: John Mitchell #7, Chuck Kobasew #12 and teammates of the Colorado Avalanche celebrate a goal against the Calgary Flames on January 31, 2013 at the Scotiabank Saddledome in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. (Photo by Brad Watson/NHLI via Getty Images)John Mitchell Photos »138 of 200


text:
Edward O'Neal Obituary - Raritan, NJ | MyCentralJersey
More Obituaries for Edward O'Neal
Edward W. O'Neal
AGE: 55 • Raritan
Edward W. O'Neal, 55, died on June 18, 2014. He was born in Somerville, NJ on August 28, 1958 to his loving mother, Mary Ann Holzinger and his late father, Harry O'Neal. Eddie was the Owner and Operator of O'Neal Well and Pump Services in Raritan NJ. He raced his Vintage Race Car "63E" in New Egypt NJ and in 2013 won the Championship in his division of Stock Car Racing.
Eddie is survived by his beloved mother, Mary Ann Holzinger of Raritan and his devoted fiancée, Lisa O'Leary of Raritan. His legacy will be remembered by a host of family and friends. Eddie's kindness, caring, generosity, and helping others was his true persona. He was one in a million and will always be remembered by all whose lives he touched.
Burial of his cremains will take place on Wednesday, June 25, 2014 at 3:00 pm at St. Bernard's Cemetery, Bridgewater, NJ 08807. Everyone is invited to attend the funeral services at St. Bernard's Cemetery. A gathering of his family and friends will follow immediately at his home located at 403 Victoria Street, Raritan, NJ 08869. Funeral arrangements are under the direction of the Bongiovi Funeral Home, 416 Bell Avenue, Raritan, NJ 08869, (908-725-1887).
Published in Courier News from June 20 to June 24, 2014
The Guest Book is Expired Please restore the Guest Book to share in the life story for EDWARD W. O'NEAL
"Miss you Ed, my friend. Donna and I are doing the best to help and love Lisa."
-Kenny Kuenstner

value: This website is a United States-based website founded in 1998, the world's largest commercial provider of online memorials. The Web site hosts obituaries and memorials for more than 70 percent of all U.S. deaths.


text:
James Glenn Davis, Jr (1946-1980) - Find A Grave Memorial
James Glenn Davis, Jr
Memorial ID 14803887
Find A Grave Memorial 14803887
Find A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed ), memorial page for James Glenn Davis, Jr (27 Jul 1946–16 May 1980), Find A Grave Memorial no. 14803887, citing Naples Memorial Gardens Cemetery, North Naples, Collier County, Florida, USA ; Maintained by PH Goss (contributor 46832329) .
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Patent US20090174091 - Vapour-liquid distribution device - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign in<nobr>Advanced Patent Search</nobr>PatentsA liquid-vapour distribution device for use in two-phase stream concurrent down-flow vessels comprising: a plurality of BOXVLTs fabricated in form of self-supporting structures (beams) and tray panels when installed forms a tray which will be essentially leak free at the junctions and between the tray...http://www.google.com/patents/US20090174091?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US20090174091 - Vapour-liquid distribution deviceAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS20090174091 A1Publication typeApplicationApplication numberUS 12/265,245Publication dateJul 9, 2009Filing dateNov 5, 2008Priority dateJan 9, 2008Also published asCA2648840A1, CN101480535A, CN101480535B, EP2078552A1, EP2078552B1, US8042790Publication number12265245, 265245, US 2009/0174091 A1, US 2009/174091 A1, US 20090174091 A1, US 20090174091A1, US 2009174091 A1, US 2009174091A1, US-A1-20090174091, US-A1-2009174091, US2009/0174091A1, US2009/174091A1, US20090174091 A1, US20090174091A1, US2009174091 A1, US2009174091A1InventorsKlaus Risbjerg JarlkovOriginal AssigneeKlaus Risbjerg JarlkovExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManReferenced by (2), Classifications (12), Legal Events (1) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetVapour-liquid distribution deviceUS 20090174091 A1Abstract A liquid-vapour distribution device for use in two-phase stream concurrent down-flow vessels comprising:
a plurality of BOXVLTs fabricated in form of self-supporting structures (beams) and tray panels when installed forms a tray which will be essentially leak free at the junctions and between the tray and the vessel wall; said horizontal self-supporting structure consisting of a bottom plate being perforated with at least one row of apertures of equal size, wherein each aperture is fitted with an elongated down-flow channel (downcommer) being in form of a tube or any other geometric shape with the same geometrical cross sectional shape as the apertures in said beam and the down-flow channel is provided with an inlet for the concurrent two-phase stream, and wherein at least two of said down-flow channels are fitted with a common riser cap being attached to and along at least one wall portion of each down-flow channel and mounted over and spaced apart the inlet of the down-flow channel. Images(2) Claims(8)
1. A liquid-vapour distribution device for distribution of a concurrent two-phase stream in a down-flow vessel comprising:
a plurality of horizontal self-supporting structures acting as support beams and tray panels and when installed forming a tray which will be essentially leak free at junctions of the structures and between the formed tray and inner wall of the vessel;
each of said horizontal self-supporting structures consisting of a bottom plate being perforated with at least one row of apertures of equal size, wherein each aperture is fitted with an elongated down-flow channel being in form of a tube or any other geometric shape with the same geometrical cross sectional shape as the apertures in said bottom plate and each of the down-flow channels is provided with an inlet for the concurrent two-phase stream, and wherein at least two of said down-flow channels are fitted with a common riser cap being attached to and along at least one wall portion of each of the down-flow channels and mounted over and spaced apart the inlet of each of said down-flow channels.
2. The liquid-vapour distribution device of claim 1, wherein the down-flow channels have the same height at all points on the horizontal self-supporting structure
3. The liquid-vapour distribution device of claim 1, wherein the riser cap has one or more vertical slots cut into its side with a slot height ending at or below level of the inlet of the down-flow channel.
4. The liquid-vapour distribution device of claim 1, wherein an inlet end of the riser cap terminates above the level of the bottom plate of the self-supporting structure.
5. The liquid-vapour distribution device of claim 1, wherein the common riser cap is attached two opposite walls of each down-flow channel.
6. The liquid-vapour distribution device according to claim 1, wherein a dividing plate is arranged between one or more of said down-flow-channels.
7. A two-phase stream concurrent down-flow vessels comprising a liquid-vapour distribution device according to claim 1.
8. A reactor being provided with one or more liquid-vapour distribution devices according to claim 1. Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a liquid-vapour distribution device for use in two-phase concurrent down-flow vessels. In particular, the invention concerns a liquid distribution device in form of a common header combining multiple vapour lift tubes (referred to as a BOXVLT) that improves distribution of liquid and vapour phases when a plurality of these BOXVLTs are assembled over a cross sectional area of a vessel in order to achieve thermal and compositional equilibrium in catalytic reactions. The device is in particular useful in hydroprocessing reactors.
The known designs of liquid distribution devices fall into one of five categories. The first is a series of troughs and overflow weirs to systematically subdivide the liquid into multiple streams before it contacts a catalytic bed. This type is often used in liquid contractors or countercurrent absorbers. An example of this type is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,192,465.
A second type of liquid distribution devices is a perforated horizontal tray. This may or may not have notched weirs around the perforations. The tray may also have chimneys for vapour flow. This type of distribution device can be used for rough liquid distribution in conjunction with a more sophisticated final liquid distribution tray. Examples of this type are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,836,989.
The third common type of liquid distribution devices is a chimney tray. This device uses a number of standpipes laid out typically on a regular square or triangular pitch pattern on a horizontal tray. The stand pipes typically have holes in the sides for the passage of liquid. The tops of the standpipes are open to allow vapour flow down through the centre of the chimneys. Some designs use special vapour down-corner chimneys to handle the bulk of the vapour flow. This type is known from U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,126,540 and 3,353,924.
The fourth type of liquid distribution devices is a bubble cap tray. This device uses a number of bubble caps laid out on a regular-pitched pattern on a horizontal tray. The bubble cap is formed with a cap centred concentrically on a standpipe. The sides of the cap are slotted for vapour flow. Liquid flows under the cap and, together with the vapour, flows upward in the annular area and then down through the centre of the standpipe as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,158,714.
The known trough type distribution device is mechanically complex and very sensitive to levelness. Depending on the design of the transitions between troughs, the quality of the distribution may also be susceptible to fouling.
The known perforated plate design is similar to the chimney design. The chimney design is preferred since it can be designed for a wider range of liquid/vapour loadings and is less susceptible to fouling.
A further known type of liquid distribution devices is perforated tray provided with vapour lift tubes in form of a long legged down-corner fitted with one or more short legged upcomers creating an up-flow zone and down-flow zone within the tube. The sides of the short legged upcomer are slotted and liquid flowing concurrently with vapour is lifted by means of the vapour flow upwardly in an up-flow zone and evenly distributed together with the vapour through the down-flow zone to an underlying catalyst bed as further described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,942,162.
The advantage of a vapour lift tube device over a chimney type design is the significantly wider turndown range possible with the vapour lift tube. As the liquid flow decreases, a properly designed chimney must either become taller or have smaller holes drilled in the side. Due to fabricating tolerances, care of installation and deflection due to operating load, not all of the distribution devices will be at the same level in the vessel. At some level of turndown, some holes will be covered with liquid and others will not. This results in uneven liquid distribution over the surface below the tray.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention is a liquid-vapour distribution device for distribution of a concurrent two-phase stream in a down-flow vessel comprising:
a plurality of horizontal self-supporting structures acting as support beams and tray panels and when installed forming a tray which will be essentially leak free at junctions of the structures and between the formed tray and inner wall of the vessel; each of said horizontal self-supporting structures consisting of a bottom plate being perforated with at least one row of apertures of equal size, wherein each aperture is fitted with an elongated down-flow channel being in form of a tube or any other geometric shape with the same geometrical cross sectional shape as the apertures in said bottom plate and each of the down-flow channels is provided with an inlet for the concurrent two-phase stream, and wherein at least two of said down-flow channels are fitted with a common riser cap being attached to and along at least one wall portion of each of the down-flow channels and mounted over and spaced apart the inlet of each of the down-flow channels. The combination of down-flow channels and a common riser cap is referred to as a BOXVLT.
The self-supporting structure according to the invention is horizontally supported in the vessel and its edges are tightened against edges of an adjacent self-supporting structure or tray panel with gasket or otherwise sealed to provide an essentially leak free surface covering the cross sectional area of the vessel.
The bottom plate of the self-supporting structure/tray panel is perforated by evenly spaced apertures across its surface, which apertures are distributed in at least one row on the bottom plate. The apertures may be round, square, rectangular or of any other geometric shape. In all cases, an optimised pattern is used to provide approximately even spacing between all perforations and to provide an approximately even ratio of aperture area to horizontal tray area across the entire tray being formed by a plurality of rows of BOXVLTs.
At least one BOXVLT consisting of two down-flow channels covered with a common riser cap create a vapour lift tube device on each self-supporting structure/tray panel with at least two drip points.
The vapour lift tube device according to the invention is similar to the bubble cap device in concept but has several advantages. Since the vapour lift tube device is smaller, more can be placed on a distribution tray being made by arranging a number of beams side by side inside a reactor to achieve better distribution of liquid. With a smaller spacing, the size of these gaps is smaller. Overall wetting efficiency below the tray is better with a smaller pitch than with a larger pitch.
A particular advantage of the distribution device according to the invention is its simplicity that makes it easier and less costly to fabricate and to install in the optimal size proscribed by process conditions.
In many processes where the invention will be used, e.g. hydroprocessing reactors, there can be wide variations in the vapour and liquid phase rates and physical properties over time and during turndown operations. Due to fabricating tolerances and the care of installation, there will be unavoidable variations in the distribution tray levelness. Liquids dropping onto the distribution tray from an inlet distributor or quench zone mixer may be unevenly distributed and could result in liquid height gradients across the tray due to splashing, waves or hydraulic head. An optimized liquid distributor design using the vapour lift tube concept is possible that will provide better liquid distribution below the tray than can be obtained from optimized designs of trough distributors, simple perforated plate distribution trays, chimney type distribution trays or concentric bubble cap distribution trays.
The distribution device of this invention will typically be used in hydroprocessing reactors. By obtaining even distribution of the liquid reactants over the entire reactor cross sectional area, all the catalyst at a given level is evenly wetted. Thus, all the catalysts at a given level operate at the same efficiency, which increases the overall efficiency of the reactor. Additionally, even liquid distribution maintains even radial temperature profiles across the reactor.
In one embodiment of the invention, at least two down-flow channels are covered with a common riser cap being attached to and along two opposite walls of the down-flow channels provide a vapour lift tube with a T-like shaped cross section.
In a further embodiment a vapour lift tube is shaped with a cross section like an inverted U by fitting at least two down-flow channels with a common riser cap, which is attached to and along one wall portion of each down-flow channel.
In still an embodiment a drip edge on the bottom side of the beam is created for each perforation by means of the down-flow channel extending through the beam or by a separate channel piece attached to the beam. The drip edge may further be formed by extrusions on the beam or by equivalent means.
It is preferred that the down-flow channels have the same height at all points on the horizontal self-supporting structure.
It is also preferred that the riser cap has one or more vertical slots cut into its side with a slot height ending at or below the elevation of the inlet of the down-flow channel.
In another preferred embodiment, the inlet end of the riser cap terminates above the level of the horizontal beam so that a liquid in the two-phase stream is not impeded from flowing into the lower portion of the riser cap.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Brief Description of the Attached Drawings FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the self-supporting structure, which consist of minimum one beam, which includes a riser cap, a down-corner and a bottom plate, the combination thereof is in the following description identified as box vapour lift tube or BOXVLT.
FIG. 2 is showing perspective view of a self-supporting structure with 3 BOXVLTs.
FIG. 3 (A-D) is showing cross-sectional view of the BOXVLT (seen from below) with examples of different layout of the down-corner with various shapes and various patterns.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The liquid-vapour distribution design concept (referred to as self-supporting structure) is shown on FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The device consists of one or several BOXVLT 1 extending from one side of the reactor inner wall to the other side of the reactor inner wall, a skirt 2 which is curved with a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the reactor inner wall (not shown) to allow a gastight installation. The longitudinal edge 7 of the self-supporting structure is linear adapted to be assembled with either another self-supporting structure (not shown) or a non-self-supporting tray panel also equipped with one or more BOXVLTs (not shown). All junctions will essentially be leak free. Each BOXVLT consist of a common riser cap which covers two or more down-corners 4. Down-corners 4 can vary in shape, size and layout of the pattern (Examples see FIG. 3). Each down-corner fits into apertures made in the bottom plate 3. Between each down-corner 4 is cut one or more vertical slots 6 into the side wall of the riser cap 5. The top of the slot is at or below the inlet end (not shown) of the down-corners 4.
FIG. 3 is a cross section (section B-B) through a BOXVLT looking upwards into the riser cap. FIG. 3A is a BOXVLT with squared down-corners aligned and fasten to both walls of the riser cap in a straight pattern. FIG. 3B has rectangular down-corners aligned and fasten to only one wall of the riser also in a straight pattern. FIG. 3C is similar to FIG. 3A but with circular down-corners. FIG. 3D is shown with circular down-corners in a triangular pattern.
A further improved distribution efficiency, i.e. lower sensitivity against male-distribution of the two-phase flow may be obtained by mounting dividing plates 8 between the down-flow channels as shown in FIGS. 3A-C.
In operation of the invention, a liquid level will be established on a tray made up by a number of beams each furnished with BOXVLTs in form of self bearing structures and as tray panels. The parts are assembled along their edges and along a reactor wall in gas/liquid tight manner. The liquid level on the thus formed tray will be above the bottom of the common riser caps 5, but below the top of slots 6 in the riser caps. Vapour will pass through the slots creating a pressure drop between the inside and outside of the BOXVLT being composed by the common riser cap and a plurality of down-flow channels. Due to the lower pressure inside the BOXVLT, the liquid level will be higher inside than outside of the BOXVLT. The vapour and liquid will mix inside the riser cap with the vapour lifting the liquid to flow up and over the wall at inlet of the down-flow channels 4. Liquid will partially disengage, while flowing over the wall at the inlets and down in the down-flow channels 4. At the opening below the bottom plates 3, the liquid and vapour will further disengage with the liquid draining off the drip edge of the down-corner 4.
Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS8202498Jul 19, 2010Jun 19, 2012Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Multiphase contact and distribution apparatus for hydroprocessingUS8372354Jul 19, 2010Feb 12, 2013Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Multiphase contact and distribution apparatus for hydroprocessingClassifications U.S. Classification261/114.5International ClassificationB01F3/04Cooperative ClassificationB01J8/0492, B01D3/26, B01J8/0278, B01D3/324, B01D3/008European ClassificationB01J8/02F, B01J8/04F, B01D3/32D, B01D3/00F, B01D3/26Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionNov 5, 2008ASAssignmentOwner name: HALDOR TOPSOE A/S, DENMARKFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:JARLKOV, KLAUS RISBJERG;REEL/FRAME:021790/0602Effective date: 20081009RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google

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Thirsty Thursday Game Night @ Rum Runners! - Triangle Area Young Professionals (Raleigh, NC)
Rum Runners and Master Dater Events have teamed up to bring you Thirsty Thursday Game Nights! Every Thursday I will be bringing my massive board game collection to Rum Runners for your gaming enjoyment! Here are the details below:
What Can I Expect? Thirsty Thursday Game Night will be taking place at Rum Runners in Downtown Raleigh starting at 8 PM. This event will be open to everyone - both singles and couples alike. When you arrive you will check in, give us a $1 board game fund donation and grab a goodie bag (and beads if you're single!) From there, you can opt to choose a board game from our "Board Game Library" or walk around and join a game in progress.
What Games Will Be Provided? Giant Jenga - Jenga - Uno - Fact or Crap? - Catchphrase - Farkle - Don't Break the Ice - Ant in the Pants - Cards Against Humanity - (4) Cards Against Humanity Expansion Packs - Bunco - In a Pickle - Munchkin - Dirty Minds Game - Boggle - Candyland - Mad Gab - Triple Yahtzee - Pictionary - Game of Things - Smart Mouth - Marry, Date or Dump - Taboo - Eclipse - Blurt - Quelf - Connect 4 - Logo Board Game - Trailer Park Wars - Rummikub - Twister - Apples to Apples - Scruples - Blockers - Loaded Questions - Worst Case Scenario: The Office - Worst Case Scenario - Urban Myth - This and That - Scattergories - Would You Rather? - Settlers of Catan - Sorry - Who Wants to be a Millionaire - Mystery Date - Telestrations - Scrabble - Battle of the Sexes: First Edition - Battle of the Sexes: Second Edition - Cranium - Clue - Life - Battleship - Chutes and Ladders - Risk- Operation - Gone Fishin - Ticket to Ride - And Many More! Is this a Singles Event? No, this is a social event that is open to everyone. Since there will be singles attending, Master Dater will be distributing Mardi Gras beads to all the singles in the room - just a fun way to meet fellow singles ;-)
Heather J. B. Always different, but fun every-time I go. Meet someone new each time and it's a relaxing atmosphere when you're getting back to games of your youth. 0 · July 4, 2014 Bryana W. How long will this event last tonight. I wanted to bring my cousin but she isnt off work until 9. :( 0 · July 3, 2014 View all 4 replies
Bryana W. Would it still be ok to come out? 0 · July 3, 2014 Corey Games go until 10. There is always something that you can jump in on. Usually cards against humanity and jenga 1 · July 3, 2014 Bryana W. Awesome. Thanks for responding back to me. We'll see you guys soon! We play spades a lot so we'll bring a deck of cards. :) 0 · July 3, 2014 Bryana W. Second thought, see yall next time! 0 · July 3, 2014 120 went
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Sarkozy wins injunction forcing website to remove 'secret' recordings | World news | The Guardian
Sarkozy wins injunction forcing website to remove 'secret' recordings
Former French president and his wife force Atlantico to withdraw recordings of conversations with aides and pay damages
Former French president Nicolas Sarkozy, left, and Patrick Buisson, his former adviser, whose recordings found their way online. Photograph: AFP/Getty
Friday 14 March 2014 14.17 EDT
Last modified on Friday 14 March 2014 14.19 EDT
The former French president Nicolas Sarkozy and his wife, Carla Bruni-Sarkozy, have won a court injunction ordering supposedly secret tapes of their conversations with aides to be removed from public websites.
A judge also ordered the presidential aide who made the tapes to pay the ex-leader and his wife €10,000 (£8,400) each in damages for invasion of privacy. The recordings were made by Patrick Buisson during Sarkozy's term of office in the Elysée between 2007 and 2012, when the centre-right president lost his re-election bid to his Socialist rival, François Hollande.
Although they included comments about colleagues and ministers, the tapes were more embarrassingly banal than politically damaging.
Buisson's lawyers have insisted he did not record the conversations on his Dictaphone secretly, and claim the recordings were stolen and published illegally.
On Friday Sarkozy's lawyer, Thierry Herzog, said: "We are completely satisfied with the [court's] decision."
Richard Malka, Bruni-Sarkozy's lawyer, added: "We cannot live under the sword of Damocles … the threat of being permanently recorded and then see what we have said broadcast on the internet."
The website Atlantico, which published extracts of the tapes, said it would comply with the judgment ordering it to withdraw the recordings from its website within 24 hours and banning any further publication, but declared it would appeal against the court's decision.

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Student Accommodation in The Butts - The Butts Student Housing - Rightmove
Student Accommodation To Let in The Butts, Morpeth, Northumberland
Detached houses to rent in The Butts Terraced houses to rent in The Butts Bungalows to rent in The Butts Property for auction in The Butts Shared ownership properties to rent in The Butts Retirement properties to rent in The Butts Commercial properties to rent in The Butts New homes to rent in The Butts

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text: Malaysia stands accused of putting the needs of business before the needs of trafficked victims in the US's 2014 Trafficking in Persons report. Photograph: Bazuki Muhammad/Reuters


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Customs’ corruption racket busted, Rs 1.75 crore seized | mumbai | Hindustan Times
Customs’ corruption racket busted, Rs 1.75 crore seized
Updated: Feb 09, 2010 01:12 IST	Manish Pachouly None
The Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) unearthed a big corruption racket involving Customs officials, when it raided a customs house agent (CHA) and recovered Rs 1.75 crore in cash.
The cash, a large part of which is suspected to be bribe money collected on behalf of four Customs officials, has been seized.
The DRI seized the cash from the Juhu residence of CHA Ashok Gulati in a raid last week. A CHA is a private entity who provides services to importers and exporters for documentation and helps fulfilling other official requirements.
Since the matter was suspected to be a case of corruption, the DRI did not arrest Gulati and instead handed over the case to the Directorate General of Vigilance, Customs and Central Excise. The cash was also handed over to the Customs department, as it was believed to be bribe collected to allow duty evasion in various imports.
The Vigilance officials, on Monday, held a high-level meeting at Customs House in Ballard Pier to discuss the issue. Investigation is being conducted against the four Customs officials. Senior DRI officials also attended the meeting.
A senior DRI official said that during questioning, Gulati told them that Rs 40 lakh belonged to him while the rest of the cash belonged to four Customs officials including a deputy commissioner and three appraisers. The DRI, which is continuing its investigation, believes that the huge amount of cash could be collection of the Customs officials for allowing duty evasion for a number of imports. “Such a huge amount cannot be proceeds of favour in one import,” the DRI official said adding that the agency is investigating the number of import duty evasion for which this much cash was collected.
“Once we come to know, we would summon all the importers involved to question them and recover duty with fine and penalty,” the official said, requesting anonymity for lack of authorisation to talk to the media.
The DRI also plans to inform the income tax (I-T) department about the cash seizure. “As the cash could be unaccounted, it also becomes a case of I-T,” the official said. Gulati could not be contacted for comment.

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Badgirls - Mia Song - BBC Music The BBC has updated its cookie policy. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. This includes cookies from third party social media websites if you visit a page which contains embedded content from social media. Such third party cookies may track your use of the BBC website. We and our partners also use cookies to ensure we show you advertising that is relevant to you. If you continue without changing your settings, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies on the BBC website. However, you can change your cookie settings at any time. Continue Change settings Find out more ]]> Accessibility links Skip to content Accessibility Help BBC iD Notifications
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text: Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4542199Dec 8, 1983Sep 17, 1985Hoechst AktiengesellschaftProcess for the preparation of polyolefinsUS5153157Mar 20, 1990Oct 6, 1992Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Catalyst system of enhanced productivityUS5621126Oct 15, 1993Apr 15, 1997Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Monocyclopentadienyl metal compounds for ethylene-α-olefin-copolymer production catalystsUS6586356Dec 21, 2000Jul 1, 2003Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedCatalyst component for addition polymerization, catalyst for addition polymerization, and process for producing addition polymerUS7008897 *Jan 14, 2004Mar 7, 2006Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedMetal compound, and catalyst component and catalyst for addition polymerization, and process for producing addition polymer* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1C.M. Jones et al., "Hypervalent Bismuth Alkoxide Dimer Complexes: Syntheses, Structures, and Thermal Decompositions of [Bi(OCH(CF3)2)2(mu-OCH(CF3)2)(THF)]2 and [Bi(OC6F5)2(mu-OC6F5)Xn]2.zY (X=Y=C7H8, n=1, z=1 or 2; X-THF, Y=C6H14, n=2, z=0 or 1)", Inorg. Chem., vol. 32, 1993, pp. 5136-5144.2K.H. Whitmire et al., "Oligomerization and Oxide Formation in Bismuth Aryl Alkoxides: Synthesis and Characterization of Bi4(mu4-O)(mu-OC6F5)6{mu3-Obi(mu-OC6F5)3}2(C6H5CH3), Bi8(mu4-O)2(mu3-O)2(mu-OC6F5)16, Bi6(mu3-O)4(mu33-OC6F5){mu3-Obi(OC6F5)4}3, NaBi4(mu3-O)2(OC6F5)9(THF)2, and Na2Bi4(mu3-O)2(OC6F5)10(THF)2", Inorg. Chem., vol. 39, 2000, pp. 85-97Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS7592402 *Jan 28, 2005Sep 22, 2009Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedProcess for producing modified particle; carrier; catalyst component for addition polymerization; process for producing catalyst for addition polymerization; and process for producing addition polymerUS7932330 *Apr 26, 2011Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedProcess for producing modified particle; carrier; catalyst component for addition polymerization; process for producing catalyst for addition polymerization; and process for producing addition polymerUS20050245701 *Jan 28, 2005Nov 3, 2005Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedProcess for producing modified particle; carrier; catalyst component for addition polymerization; process for producing catalyst for addition polymerization; and process for producing addition polymerUS20060030480 *Oct 4, 2005Feb 9, 2006Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedMetal compound, and catalyst component and catalyst for addition polymerization, and process for producing addition polymerUS20080319148 *Apr 7, 2008Dec 25, 2008Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedProcess for producing modified particle; carrier; catalyst component for addition polymerization; process for producing catalyst for addition polymerization; and process for producing addition polymerUS20150105237 *Dec 18, 2014Apr 16, 2015Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedCatalytic component for trimerization and trimerization catalystUS20150105572 *Dec 18, 2014Apr 16, 2015Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedTransition metal complex* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification502/158, 556/173, 526/155, 502/155, 502/154, 556/176, 556/181, 556/174, 568/2, 502/132, 526/160, 556/76, 568/6, 502/171, 568/1, 526/943, 502/103International ClassificationC08F4/42, C08F4/44, C08F4/606, C08F4/6592, C08F4/60, C07F17/00, C08F110/02, C08F210/16, C08F4/602Cooperative ClassificationY10S526/943, C08F210/16, C08F110/02, C07F17/00, C08F4/65927European ClassificationC08F210/16, C07F17/00Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionJun 21, 2004ASAssignmentOwner name: SUMITOMO CHEMICAL COMPANY, LIMITED, JAPANFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:TAKAOKI, KAZUO;OSHIMA, HIDEKI;SATOH, MAKOTO;REEL/FRAME:015488/0345;SIGNING DATES FROM 20040122 TO 20040126Mar 18, 2010FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4May 16, 2014REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedOct 3, 2014LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesNov 25, 2014FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 20141003RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services