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National Science Foundation: PWS | National Science Foundation | General Contractor
The National Science Foundation (NSF) Award Monitoring and Oversight Support Services
NSF Reference #DCCA-060018
Performance Work Statement SECTION C-1
C-1.GENERAL REQUIREMENTS C-1.1 Background C-1.1.1NSF Mission The mission of the National Science Foundation (NSF) is "To promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to secure the national defense; and for other purposes.” The Foundation initiates and supports:     Basic scientific research fundamental to the engineering process Programs to strengthen scientific and engineering research potential Science and engineering education programs at all levels and in all fields of science and engineering, and An information base on science and engineering appropriate for development of national and international policy Fosters the interchange of scientific and engineering information nationally and internationally; Supports the development of computer and other methodologies; Maintains facilities in the Antarctic and promote the U.S. presence through research conducted there; and Addresses issues of equal opportunity in science and technology" C-1.1.2NSF Vision NSF’s vision is "Enabling the Nation's Future through Discovery, Learning, and Innovation” As such, the Foundation believes that NSF investments in people, in their ideas, and in the tools they use will catalyze the strong progress in science and engineering needed to establish world leadership and secure the Nation's security, prosperity, and well-being C-1.1.3NSF Core Values Enable people to perform by investing in their creative ideas, providing them with cuttingedge research and education tools, and supporting an infrastructure for education and learning. Partner with a dynamic and diverse education and research community, working in a close trusting partnership while maintaining an independent perspective. NSF encourages partnerships among agencies, industry, academe, the states, and other nations when collaborative efforts further the NSF's goals.
The Foundation also:    
NSF Reference #DCCA-060018 C-1-1
Integrate and synergize the knowledge and skills of diverse disciplines and constituencies. NSF promotes the mutual sharing of knowledge and resources. NSF integrates the processes of discovery, innovation and learning, and connects them to societal use. Embrace competitiveness in all of its programs and activities. NSF optimizes the efficiency and effectiveness of its investments using the competitive merit review process and peer evaluation of programs and activities. Manage and Communicate in a professional and effective manner. NSF listens intently to its customers, valuing their ideas and opinions. NSF effectively builds consensus for new ideas and directions. NSF clearly articulates and communicates its values, plans, and activities so that customers and constituencies know what to expect of the NSF. NSF provides the very best service possible to its customers. Include all citizens, groups and constituencies, and promotes equal opportunity for all. NSF works to ensure that the scientific and engineering workforce is as extensive and diverse as possible in order to create a more inclusive and robust enterprise of other issues. C-1.1.4NSF Existing Organizational Components The following current NSF organizations are included in this solicitation and resulting competition.
C-1.1.4.1
In support of NSF's mission and purpose, "to promote the progress of Science..." (P.L. 81-507), NSF's BFA affirms the following: MISSION: To provide business, financial and analytical services to diverse stakeholders and customers. VISION: To be leaders in business practices in a dynamic environment that encourages individual and organizational excellence. CORE VALUES: To achieve success through teamwork; mutual respect; integrity; creativity; responsibility; initiative; professionalism; and a sense of humor.
C-1.1.4.2
MISSION: To provide excellence in the Stewardship of the federal funding awarded by NSF to support Science, Technology and Engineering Research and Education across the Nation. To provide innovative and exemplary Public Service, including financial and administrative assistance to implement these business models, processes and practices to Institutional Awardees and throughout the NSF Directorates. To ensure that innovative business practices convey excellence in managing NSF's activities on par with the Foundation's mission oriented outcome goals.
NSF Reference #DCCA-060018 C-1-2
To provide a living model of organizational excellence, agility, and innovation, including contributing leadership in the development and implementation of state-of-the-art award business practices.
C-1.1.4.3
Division of Contracts and Complex Agreements (DCCA)
MISSION: To provide comprehensive acquisition and cooperative agreement award leadership. DCCA is responsible for solicitation, negotiation, award and administration of NSF contracts and of complex cooperative agreements for NSF's research facilities, and major centers' programs such as Science Technology Centers (STC's) and Engineering Research Centers (ERC's). DCCA is also responsible for overseeing NSF procurement systems, contracts policy, processes and guidance
C-1.1.4.4
Office of Large Facility Project Management (LFP) MISSION: The mission of the LFP deputy and staff is to:
Provide advice and support to the NSF’s senior management, program managers and awardee managers on the construction and operations of large facility projects; Support and help strengthen the NSF’s ability to plan and oversee large facility projects; Support and help to improve NSF’s financial accountability of total project costs; and Conduct Total Business System Reviews on MREFC projects to support awardees in meeting NSF's business and administrative expectations.
C-1.2 Scope This PWS describes the performance requirements for certain commercial Award Management and Oversight Support Services within the NSF’s BFA, Arlington, Virginia. These services include: 1. Support for Post-Award Monitoring and Oversight Activities 2. Support for Coordination and Administration of Outreach Activities 3. Support for Administration and Oversight of Large Facility Projects C-1.3 Performance Requirements The Contractor shall execute activities and tasks consistent with the performance standards and specifications in the Performance Standards. (See Technical Exhibit 2: Performance Standards.) C-1.4 General Requirements In completing this effort, the Contractor shall comply with the following general requirements regardless of the specific services to be provided.
NSF Reference #DCCA-060018 C-1-3
C-1.4.1Hours of Operation The Contractor shall observe and follow business hours as determined by the NSF, which are normally 8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Business hours are not indicative of work hours required to cover workload included in this PWS. C-1.4.2Federal Holidays The federal holidays specified below are legal public holidays. Should a federal holiday fall on a weekend, the observance is as determined by executive order. New Years Day M.L. King, Jr. Birthday Presidents Day Memorial Day Independence Day Labor Day Columbus Day Veterans Day Thanksgiving Day Christmas Day
In addition, Inauguration Day (the inauguration of the President of the United States) is normally considered a paid holiday granted by executive order for federal employees whose duty station is in the Washington, DC metropolitan area. C-1.4.3Unscheduled Work Hours On occasion, the Contractor may be required to provide personnel on weekends and other unscheduled work hours on a short-term basis. If such a need arises, the CO or COTR will notify the Contractor no less than three (3) business days prior to the planned requirement or no less than one (1) business day prior to any unscheduled requirement. This unscheduled work results from special events, seasonal peaks in work volume to include, but not limited to, fiscal year 3rd and 4th quarter grant and/or contract award processes, and delays in receipt of appropriations. NSF assumes no responsibility and no liability for the unavailability of the facility or services on weekends or other periods of time outside of normal working hours. C-1.4.4Emergency Situations Emergency situations and contingency operations at NSF may require the Contractor to operate at times not considered normal operating hours, as directed by the CO. This normally involves utility outages, weather driven contingencies, or any work involving support for significant NSF technical and administrative services. C-1.5 Personnel Requirements
NSF Reference #DCCA-060018 C-1-4
C-1.5.1General Personnel Requirements The Contractor shall provide a workforce possessing the skills, knowledge, abilities, and training to satisfactorily perform the service requirements included in this PWS. Contractor personnel performing work in support of NSF activities shall be fully trained in all aspects of the work to be performed. Private sector personnel performing work under this PWS shall remain employees of the Contractor and shall not be considered employees of the government. Contractor employees shall have the ability to fluently communicate (read, write, and understand) the English language. The Contractor shall comply with federal equal employment opportunity requirements. The Contractor shall be responsible for and shall follow all NSF standards of employee competency, conduct, timeliness, attendance, and integrity and shall take such disciplinary actions as may be necessary with respect to any employees who violate these standards. The nature of support activities related to awards management functions requires daily interaction with a wide variety of individuals and entities that are internal and external to the organization. The proposed organization may be required to interact on a daily basis with staff within and outside assigned office personnel to include, but not limited to, contractors, awardees, applicants, various Federal, State, and local government personnel, and the general public. The Contractor is advised that the nature of the activities included in this PWS encompasses a wide range of duties. The specific work requirements are identified within Section C-5 of this PWS and are further clarified by the Workload and Performance Standards associated with each activity or task. (See Technical Exhibit 1: Workload and Technical Exhibit 2: Performance Standards.) Personnel performing work pursuant to this PWS, and especially work requirements identified under Section C-5.1 through C-5.5, shall be qualified in and knowledgeable of awards management services and best practices, event management services and best practices, and contracting services and best practices. C-1.5.2Manager and Key Personnel The Contractor shall provide one PM who shall be responsible for the overall management and coordination of the work effort included in this PWS and shall act as the central POC with NSF management. The PM shall attend and participate in scheduled and unscheduled meetings to provide effective communication and discuss necessary information relevant to the terms and conditions of the award. These meetings may be held at on-site or off-site locations. The Contractor shall appoint an alternate to act for the PM if the PM will be unavailable for any reason. The Contractor shall notify the COTR in advance of such appointment stating the period of time the alternate will be in place. The CO shall be notified in writing within five (5) business days of any changes in the individuals designated as key personnel. C-1.5.3Program Manager Authority The PM or alternate shall have full authority to act for the Contractor on matters relating to the daily operation of this effort.
NSF Reference #DCCA-060018 C-1-5
C-1.5.4Employee Training The Contractor shall provide initial and recurring training for all affected Contractor personnel in the areas of safety, security, environmental, fire prevention, and health in accordance with established NSF and federal, state, and local requirements. The Contractor shall also ensure that all employees have been properly trained and are qualified to perform all tasks required by this PWS. The training shall include, but is not limited to, orientation training, government and NSF unique training, and technical training on NSF data systems that will be provided by the government. This government-provided orientation and NSF unique and technical training does not relieve the Contractor from ensuring that Contractor personnel are trained and qualified to perform their assigned tasks when they begin employment under this PWS. The Contractor shall maintain records of all training and ensure they are available for government review. The Contractor shall use NSF approved forms to document training. C-1.6 Media Information Only the government may release information to the media. All media queries shall be referred to the Contracting Officer or their authorized designee. C-1.7 Phase-In Plan The Contractor shall provide for a phase-in period of 30 calendar days after award. During this transition period, the government will make available to key Contractor personnel, a government representative familiar with the operations, processes, and functions to be performed. At the conclusion of Phase-In (between 22 and 30 days of performance), the Contractor shall develop and provide a presentation to the NSF Contracting Officer (and to other NSF management as the Contracting Officer may deem appropriate) identifying the steps the Contractor has taken to ensure/justify the Contractor’s readiness to assume full performance under the award. From this readiness review, the Government will make a decision to continue the Phase-In by the Contractor or to begin full contract performance. The decision to proceed with full performance shall rest entirely with the Contracting Officer and NSF management. C-1.8 Quality Control The Contractor shall maintain a file of all scheduled and performed quality control inspections, inspection results, and the dates and details of corrective actions. The file shall be the property of the government and shall be made available at all times for inspection during the government’s regular working hours. The file shall be delivered to the CO five (5) calendar days after completion of this award.
NSF Reference #DCCA-060018 C-1-6
SECTION C-2 C-2.WORK/SERVICE REQUIREMENTS This performance-based statement of work encompasses the minimum performance requirements, workload, and performance standards necessary to perform the services required in support of Post-Award Monitoring and Oversight Activities, Coordination and Administration of Outreach Activities, and Administration and Oversight of Large Facility Projects at the NSF. C-2.1 Support for Post-Award Processing Activities C-2.1.1 Provide Support for Monitoring and Oversight Activities
C-2.1.1.1
Editing the Award Monitoring and Business Assistance Program (AMBAP) Guide
The Contractor shall review, edit, and update the AMBAP Guide on an “as needed” basis, but at least annually. The Contractor shall periodically review the AMBAP for any needed changes or updates. The Contractor shall revise such content, and submit to the NSF for approval. Along with the edited AMBAP, the Contractor shall provide a cover letter summarizing all recommended changes.
C-2.1.1.2
Tracking & Disseminating Monitoring Visit Results The Contractor shall develop a database indicating visit status, applicable team members, trip report status, and issues identified during the monitoring visits. The Contractor shall compile and summarize results from the monitoring visits into a report detailing overall findings and lessons learned. The Contractor shall develop a compendium of such findings/reports that could be disseminated to the community and other Federal agencies. The Contractor shall compile and summarize results annually.
Cost Assessment of the Monitoring Activities
The Contractor shall develop and maintain a searchable database that would survey each visited institution’s cost related to site visit. In addition, the Contractor shall develop and maintain a cost estimating tool to analyze NSF costs to conduct on-site monitoring, including pre-visit and post-visit effort.
Initial Review of Indirect Cost Rate Proposal Submissions The Contractor shall review initial indirect cost rate proposal submissions from awardee institutions. The reviews are to ensure that all required materials are included in the submission packages. If the Contractor finds that the packages are incomplete, the Contractor shall contact the appropriate organization and request the missing or incomplete information. Once the submission package is complete, the Contractor shall deliver the completed package to the NSF.
The Contractor shall draft a customer feedback questionnaire to assess the responsiveness and effectiveness of site visits. The questionnaire will be reviewed and approved by the NSF Reference #DCCA060018 C-2-1
SECTION C-2 NSF in advance of its use. Once approved, the document will follow standard NSF clearance procedures. The Contractor shall distribute and collect the questionnaires. The Contractor shall compile results from the questionnaires. The Contractor shall develop and maintain a customer service feedback database. The Contractor shall review and analyze concerns identified by the questionnaires. The Contractor shall document findings and recommend appropriate courses of action for review and approval by the NSF.
Monitoring Desk Reviews
The Contractor shall conduct desk reviews related to the financial and administrative capabilities of NSF-funded organizations. The desk reviews will cover selected targeted areas and/or core areas described in the AMBAP Guide. The core areas include the assessment of the organization’s general management practices, review and assessment of the organization’s accounting & financial system, and the Federal Cash Transactions Report reconciliation to accounting records. The Contractor shall provide a summary report with references to the work papers. The report should include a description of any concerns identified by the review. The Contractor shall sort and index the report and work papers, accordingly. This file shall be given to the NSF for further evaluation.
Review of Final Adjustments to Closed Awards
The Contractor shall request source documentation from NSF-funded institutions related to adjusting entries made to closed awards. The Contractor shall determine that the costs are adequately documented, allowable in accordance with Federal and NSF-specific regulations, reasonable and necessary for the completion of the project, allocable to the particular award, and incurred within the award period. The Contractor shall prepare a summary report explaining what costs are acceptable and what costs are questionable and recommend a course of action for the NSF to follow. The Contractor shall sort and index the report and work papers, accordingly. This file shall be given to the NSF for further evaluation.
Development and Maintenance of an Electronic Spreadsheet / Database Financial Survey Instrument
The Contractor shall develop and maintain, with approval from OMB if necessary, a survey style instrument by which awardee organizations can answer questions (similar to the Post Award site visit guide or NSF/DHHS audit guides) about awardee accounting systems and internal control structure. The database shall be developed to acknowledge the differences in cost principles for different types of organizations (e.g., educational, non-profit, state, and local). It shall contain links in the various sections to the relevant policy documents (OMB circulars GC-1). The database shall also provide a selfassessment tool for awardee organizations wherein the answers provided were not entirely adequate by providing links to the appropriate reference documents (e.g., to the OMB time & effort reporting requirements if the awardee states that they do not have a time & effort reporting system). It shall include a database feature for NSF to accumulate and/or tabulate the results based on certain designed search criteria that could assist NSF in selecting organizations for site visits and to obtain a comfort level on the entire NSF Reference #DCCA060018 C-2-2
SECTION C-2 universe of NSF awardee organization. Information provided shall be maintained on NSF systems as part of an awardee organizational electronic file. C-2.2 Support for Coordination & Administration of Outreach Activities C-2.2.1Logistics Support for Outreach Programs The Contractor shall coordinate all logistics issues associated with the technical nature of BFA-sponsored outreach programs. The NSF is responsible for the overall direction, scope, programmatic content and speaker development for all outreach programs. In addition to identification of conference sites, the Contractor shall coordinate the following activities associated with conference coordination and logistics:   Ensure that sites are identified in various regions of the country to allow for broad attendance. Liaison with the NSF to coordinate requirements such as assistance with conference planning and logistics including conference website development and advertising; coordination with site officials with regard to audio-visual and catering needs; copying and shipment of materials to conference site; preparation of conference packets. On-site conference coordination including providing assistance to NSF staff with regard to all audio-visual needs, catering needs, and resolution of all logistical concerns of NSF staff and conference attendees. C-2.2.2General and Targeted Outreach Materials The Contractor shall design and maintain presentations needed by the NSF. Potential projects include, but are not limited to, the following:    Production of electronic materials that serves as an “electronic suite” of relevant guidance, documents, and available outreach opportunities; Design and production of conference materials including brochures, PowerPoint presentations, and other required items; Design and production of a semi-annual electronic publication that would provide the basic overview of BFA roles and responsibilities, and also link to current information and documents available online. The NSF will approve all products developed by the Contractor. C-2.2.3Web-based Outreach The Contractor shall assist the NSF in coordinating live conferences that may be web cast to the broader research community. The NSF is responsible for the programmatic content of the presentation. The Contractor shall provide for all logistics and production including:   Identification of an appropriate venue and logistical coordination with site officials; Online registration and advertising; NSF Reference #DCCA060018 C-2-3
SECTION C-2   Receipt of all program evaluations; On-site production and post-production editing of materials.
C-2.3 Support for Closeout Processing The Contractor shall coordinate closeout activities for contracts, purchase orders, and other award instruments as indicated below. C-2.3.1Review and Verify Contract Closeouts Documentations The Contractor shall review and verify the expiration date for contract closeouts. The Contractor shall review closeout contracts for completeness and compliance to include, but not limited to, assuring that all deliverables and reports have been received and accepted, all billed costs are allowable and properly documented, and all government-furnished non-expendable equipment is properly accounted for and returned. The Contractor shall verify that documents and clearance required for contract closeout have been received. The Contractor shall obtain and review final closeout documentations to include as applicable, but not limited to, contractor’s final invoice, contractors closing statement and/or release of claims, final patent report and clearance, final royalty report and clearance, property clearances, and closeout audit report submitted by contractors. The Contractor shall submit the completed closeout package to the NSF for approval. C-2.3.2Confirm That There Are No unresolved Issues The Contractor shall identify unresolved issues to include, but not limited to, disposition of Government property, settlement of the prime contractor of terminated subcontracts, definitization of contract change orders, resolution of value engineering change proposal, settlement of interim or disallowed costs, price revision negotiation or determination, determination of final indirect cost rates for the period covered by the contract or a decision to use quick-closeout rates, termination settlement, and outstanding claims or disputes that would preclude contract closeout. The Contractor shall notify contractors of the unresolved issues and collect any missing information necessary to process the closeout of contracts. C-2.3.3Initiate Final payment The Contractor shall review and identify obligated funds for completed contracts. The Contractor shall verify availability of funds for final payment to contractors. The Contractor shall initiate the final payment process for outstanding funds. The Contractor shall receive and review contract budgetary information needed to reconcile the contract. The Contractor shall document and report NSF Reference #DCCA060018 C-2-4
SECTION C-2 any deficiencies identified to the NSF. The Contractor shall identify and initiate the collection process for overpayments. The Contractor shall identify and recommend de-obligation of excess funds pursuant to agency guidelines and procedures (See Section C.3: Applicable Documents of this PWS.) C-2.3.4Prepare Contract Completion Statement and Dispose of Contract Files The Contractor shall prepare a contract completion statement to include, but not limited to, contract administration office name and address, contracting office name and address, contract number, last modification number, order number, dollar amount of excess funds, and voucher number and date. The Contractor shall prepare a statement that all required contract administration actions have been fully and satisfactorily accomplished. The Contractor shall obtain the name and signature of the Contracting Officer. The Contractor shall insert the signed original in the contracting office contract file. The Contractor shall dispose of the contract file following the requirements of FAR 4.805 and agency guidelines (Also see Section C.3: Applicable Documents of this PWS.) C-2.3.5Cooperative Agreement Closeout The Contractor shall similarly process cooperative agreement closeouts, including retiring files for cooperative agreements pursuant to NSF regulations and in accordance with OMB guidance. C-2.3.6 Other Ancillary Duties
The Contractor shall perform other related duties, primarily data entry and verification, including, but not limited to, ensuring that past performance data is complete, that Federal Procurement Data System data is submitted, that the subcontract reporting (SF294/295) is completed. The Contractor may perform other support duties such as processing checks in a cashier function in accordance with NSF standard operating guidance, updating information data bases, posting items on the web, and collecting information to support on-going operations. . C-2.4 Support for Administration and Oversight of Large Facility Projects C-2.4.1On-site Construction Visits
C-2.4.1.1
Baseline Review, Preparation, and Reporting
The Contractor shall support the LFP in providing technical assistance to the program officer in the preparation of baseline project reviews. Baseline project reviews examine the cost, schedule and performance requirements that the project has established and will be used as the benchmark against which progress on the project will be measured. The NSF program officer is responsible for conducting the review and picking the review team members. Review team members must be credible and possess indisputable integrity and NSF Reference #DCCA060018 C-2-5
SECTION C-2 independence. They must be knowledgeable with the subject matter being examined, have no current affiliation with the project being reviewed, and be as independent as possible. The Contractor shall support the LFP in making recommendations for the selection of a review team that can be identified according to the expertise of their members with respect to specific Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) areas of the project. Reviewers must be familiar with project management practices and understand the cost, schedule, technical, and management processes used on the project. The Contractor shall support the LFP in identifying potential reviewers who will be able to provide some continuity throughout the life cycle phases of the project in order to limit the amount of re-education that must be done to get new members knowledgeable of the project. The program officer will select the Chairperson for the panel. The Contractor shall support the LFP in providing the program officer with a draft of the panel’s purpose, scope or charge. The charge must identify clearly and concisely the expectations of the review panel. The Contractor shall support the LFP in developing a list of questions to be given to the program officer for panelists to ask of the project/awardee. The Contractor shall support the LFP and other NSF staff in making hotel and travel arrangements for the panel review. (Also see Crosscutting Services below.) The Contractor shall support the LFP by providing logistical support for the panel reviews, compiling minutes from the reviews, and assembling the first drafts of panel reports. The Contractor shall support the LFP and program officer in developing a Post-Review Action Plan to track the implementation by project/awardee report recommendations.
C-2.4.1.2
Periodic External Reviews, Preparation, and Reporting
On an annual basis, the Contractor shall support the LFP program officer in conducting periodic management external reviews. Such reviews shall include, but are not limited to, reviewing, analyzing, and making recommendations to the NSF regarding the condition of the project’s baseline estimates, schedules, past and anticipated costs, as well as other technical and management control factors relevant to the construction project. C-2.4.2On-site Operations Visits - Periodic External Reviews, Preparation, and Reporting Evaluation and review of the operations of existing facilities are intended to provide assurance to the NSF and other interested parties that the facility is operating and providing services to the relevant community at or above the standards specified in the agreement(s) between the NSF and the operating entity. Reviews provide the NSF with objective assessments of ongoing operations planning, resource requirements, status, and risks. The NSF program officer, with the assistance of the LFP, will determine the frequency of these reviews. The Contractor shall support the LFP and the program officer in the preparation of materials and logistics of these periodic external reviews. Such reviews are conducted in the same manner as baseline reviews, but with attention to the project/awardee management and ongoing operations. The review shall include, but is not limited to, an assessment of the current technical capabilities of the facility; the need for continued operations; management structure (including the qualifications of individuals, external advisory structures and partnerships); impact of the facility on the related science and education disciplines; nature and size of the user community; transfer of knowledge; and response of the facility management to previous review recommendations. NSF Reference #DCCA060018 C-2-6
SECTION C-2 C-2.4.3Total Business Systems Review (TBSR) TBSR ensures that the awardee’s business systems in place are effective for tracking and reporting the financial status of the large facility project and that their administrative processes and financial reporting methods are in compliance with the NSF and other Federal regulations and business requirements. The Contractor shall support the LFP in coordinating and conducting TBSRs. The Contractor shall provide technical assistance to the NSF by reviewing the awardee/project information and provide documentation and initial recommendations to the NSF for improving the awardee’s financial systems, IT systems and security, budget and internal controls, procurement activity, risk management, site and safety policies, intellectual property and technology transfer, and human resources policies, procedures, and activities. A TBSR is not an audit but is designed to assist awardees in identifying potential problems before they become serious, and to help implement feasible and practical solutions to help the awardee achieve or maintain compliance with all federal and NSF laws, regulations, and policies. The TBSR should also alert the NSF to issues where an audit might be appropriate. The Contractor shall support the LFP and the program office in writing a report on the review, making recommendations for improvement, and providing a “Lessons Learned” report for the LFP and the awardee. C-2.4.4Complete/Sustain NSF financial tracking system and training In FY 2005, the NSF began a project to improve its ability to track, report, and manage the obligation of funds by lifecycle phase for large facility projects. To date, modifications through enhancements to existing NSF systems have been required. The Contractor shall provide support to the LFP and the existing NSF contractor in converting the award data for the Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction (MREFC) and operating facilities beginning with FY 2005. The Contractor shall support the LFP in meeting with NSF program officers, and program assistants in obtaining award obligations by lifecycle phase in order to complete/sustain the financial tracking system and to establish appropriate funding/budget lines. The tracking system must be able to generate reports on obligation data by lifecycle and the Contractor shall support the LFP in reviewing and verifying the adequacy of the reports that are generated. Training is part of the existing contractor’s responsibilities. The Contractor shall support the LFP in reviewing and assessing training materials provided by the existing contractor. These materials shall include but are not limited to computer “on-screen” demonstrations as well as a training guide/manual. C-2.4.5Training: Project Science Support and Project Management The Contractor shall design and develop training programs for NSF program managers on project management best practices and shall integrate these programs into the Facilities Management and Oversight Guide and supporting modules, which elaborate and provide indepth discussion on the material in the Guide. These training programs shall be specific to NSF projects and separate from the NSF Academy training on project management. The Contractor shall also coordinate with the existing NSF support contractor for Project Science in conducting project management training workshops.
NSF Reference #DCCA060018 C-2-7
SECTION C-2 C-2.4.6Write, Publish, and Maintain Facilities Management and Oversight Guide & Support Modules The Contractor shall provide professional and technical writing experience to the LFP by reviewing, editing, revising, writing, updating, publishing and maintaining the Facilities Management and Oversight Guide and corresponding support modules related to project management (e.g., a support module for contingency funding). The Contractor shall also design, develop, write, publish and maintain new supporting modules for the Guide. The modules shall be web-based and shall be designed, developed, written, and published to provide solutions (writer/editor) to specific problems identified by the Guide.
C-2.5 Provide Support for Crosscutting Services C-2.5.1Provide Updates to Standard Operations Guidance (SOGs) The Contractor shall review and recommend to the NSF annual updates to the SOGs pertaining to the DCCA, DIAS, and the LFP to support accuracy, consistency, and relevancy vis-à-vis the latest and current NSF Grants Policy, Proposal and Award manual and current OMB circulars. C-2.5.2Provide Support for Travel Services The Contractor shall provide administrative and logistical support for site visits between the Foundation and institutions. The Contractor shall gather applicable data and files for site visits. The Contractor shall arrange travel logistics for grant award pre-site visits. The Contractor shall consult routinely with the NSF program personnel regarding schedule, location, and site visit plans. The Contractor shall make airfare, hotel, and automobile arrangements for the NSF staff, program personnel, or other customers. The Contractor shall coordinate travel voucher preparation and reconciliation.
NSF Reference #DCCA060018 C-2-8
Performance Work Statement SECTION C-3
C-3.APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The Contractor shall perform the requirements within this PWS in accordance with the most current version of the referenced applicable documents. C-3.1 Mandatory The requirements of the PWS are subject, inter alia, to the following laws, regulations and guidance. This list is not intended to be all-inclusive and is subject to change. Form or Regulation Facilities Management and Oversight Guide Post Award Monitoring & Business Assistance Program Site Visit Review Guide Standing Operating Guidance 2005-2 Risk Assessment Guide for Post Award Monitoring Site Visits OMB Circular A-21 OMB Circular A-76 OMB Circular A-87 OMB Circular A-102 OMB Circular A-110 OMB Circular A-122 OMB Circular A-133 48 CFR 13 CFR Parts 101-147 29 U.S.C. § 668 Executive Order 12196 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Sec. 1960, et seq. C-3.2 Advisory Form or Regulation
OMB Form No. 3206-0191 OMB Form No. 3206-0182
Name Facilities Management and Oversight Guide Post Award Monitoring & Business Assistance Program Site Visit Review Guide Standing Operating Guidance 2005-2 Risk Assessment Guide for Post Award Monitoring Site Visits Cost Principles for Educational Institutions Performance of Commercial Activities Cost Principles for State, Local and Indian Tribal Governments Grants and Cooperative Agreements with State and Local Governments Uniform Administrative Requirements for Grants and Other Agreements with Institutions of Higher Education, Hospitals and Other Non-Profit Organizations Cost Principles for Non-Profit Organizations Audits of States, Local Governments and Non-Profit Organizations Federal Acquisition Regulations (FAR) Small Business Administration Federal Agency Safety Programs and Responsibilities Occupational Safety and Health Programs for Federal Employees, February 26, 1980 Basic Program Elements for Federal Employee Occupational Safety and Health Programs
Questionnaire for Public Trust Positions Declaration for Federal Employment
NSF Reference #DCCA060018 C-3-1
TECHNICAL EXHBITS Technical Exhibit 1: Technical Exhibit 2: Total Workload Performance Standards
NSF Reference #DCCA060018
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This 4-star-superior hotel is quietly located and offers modern rooms, free high-speed internet and one set of free drinks from the minibar. Booked 4 times today
This 4-star hotel has rooms with free Wi-Fi, a CD/DVD player and free Sky satellite channels. It is in Regensburg's historic quarter, a 5-minute walk from the cathedral. Booked twice today
Enjoying a unique location on a small island on the Danube River, this 4-star designer hotel in Regensburg features scenic views of the Petersdom cathedral and the Steinbrücke bridge. Booked 6 times today
This charming, family-run hotel is in a historic building which is situated in the heart of the beautiful Old Town of Regensburg, close to all main UNESCO World Heritage sites. Booked 4 times today
Centrally located in the heart of Regensburg’s Medieval Old Town, this hotel is based in a historical building just 500 metres from the River Danube. The accommodation opens 15 November 2013. Booked 5 times today
This hotel in Regensburg’s historic harbour district offers large rooms, free private parking and a breakfast room with African flair. Booked 7 times today
Enjoying a peaceful location in Regensburg, this 4-star hotel offers ample free parking and free internet (wireless and via cable) in all rooms and meeting areas. Booked 9 times today
This traditional, family-run hotel offers comfortable rooms and delicious, homemade cooking in Irl, a 10 minute drive from central Regensburg, close to the Siemens factory and highway A3. Booked 9 times today
Just a 5-minute drive from the medieval city center of Regensburg, this charming 3-star hotel has modern rooms, an indoor swimming pool and excellent services with the A3 highway. Booked 7 times today
Hotel VIII is located in Regensburg. Free WiFi access is available. At Hotel VIII you will find a terrace and a bar. Booked 3 times today
88 properties found in Regensburg.
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Patent US6381372 - Systems and methods for designing image processing filters using templates - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsImage conversion systems and methods optimally perform filter design. The filter design allows for template-based image processing filters to be optimized to criteria based on visual perception. Different weights may be assigned based on different pixel errors. Possible weighting schemes in accordance...http://www.google.com/patents/US6381372?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6381372 - Systems and methods for designing image processing filters using templatesAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6381372 B1Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 09/222,919Publication dateApr 30, 2002Filing dateDec 30, 1998Priority dateDec 30, 1998Fee statusPaidPublication number09222919, 222919, US 6381372 B1, US 6381372B1, US-B1-6381372, US6381372 B1, US6381372B1InventorsRobert P. LoceOriginal AssigneeXerox CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (21), Non-Patent Citations (13), Referenced by (67), Classifications (5), Legal Events (6) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetSystems and methods for designing image processing filters using templates
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4437122Sep 12, 1981Mar 30, 1993Xerox CorpTitle not availableUS4630125Jun 1, 1983Dec 16, 1986Xerox CorporationUnscreening of stored digital halftone imagesUS5027078Oct 10, 1989Jun 25, 1991Xerox CorporationUnscreening of stored digital halftone images by logic filteringUS5226094Jan 14, 1992Jul 6, 1993Xerox CorporationMethod for making image conversions with error diffusionUS5237646Oct 13, 1992Aug 17, 1993Hewlett-Packard CompanyPixel image enhancement employing a reduced template memory storeUS5274472May 21, 1992Dec 28, 1993Xerox CorporationHigh addressability image generator using pseudo interpolation of video and screen dataUS5325216Dec 23, 1991Jun 28, 1994Xerox CorporationRaster output scanner with subpixel addressabilityUS5353127Dec 15, 1993Oct 4, 1994Xerox CorporationMethod for quantization gray level pixel data with extended distribution setUS5359423 *Dec 17, 1993Oct 25, 1994Xerox CorporationMethod for statistical generation of density preserving templates for print enhancementUS5471320 *May 11, 1994Nov 28, 1995Xerox CorporationStack filters for 1-to-N bit image processing in electronic printersUS5493419 *Jul 14, 1995Feb 20, 1996Xerox CorporationStack filters for 1-to-N bit image processing in electronic printersUS5506699Apr 27, 1993Apr 9, 1996Wong; Ping W.Method and apparatus for converting a halftone image into a continuous tone imageUS5521989Aug 5, 1993May 28, 1996Xerox CorporationBalanced error diffusion systemUS5528384Aug 3, 1994Jun 18, 1996Xerox CorporationSystem and method for implementing fast high addressability error diffusion processUS5659634Sep 29, 1994Aug 19, 1997Xerox CorporationApparatus and method for encoding and reconstructing image dataUS5666470Jun 29, 1995Sep 9, 1997Xerox CorporationMethod and apparatus for appearance tuning of bitmap imagesUS5689343 *May 26, 1995Nov 18, 1997Xerox CorporationArea mapping employing reference clusters for high quality noninteger resolution conversion with enhancementUS5724455Dec 17, 1993Mar 3, 1998Xerox CorporationAutomated template design method for print enhancementUS5758034Sep 26, 1996May 26, 1998Xerox CorporationVideo path architecture including logic filters for resolution conversion of digital imagesUS5768432Jul 28, 1997Jun 16, 1998Xerox CorporationSystem and apparatus for pixel growth compensation in a hybrid error diffusion processUS5809177Jun 6, 1996Sep 15, 1998Xerox CorporationHybrid error diffusion pattern shifting reduction using programmable threshold perturbation* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1A. N. Netravali et al., "Display of Dithered Images", SID (Society for Information Display) 1980 International Symposium, pp. 185-190, vol. 22 No. 3, 1981.2C. Miceli et al., "Inverse Halftoning", Journal of Electronic Imaging, pp. 143-151, vol. 1(2), Apr. 1992.3E. R. Dougherty et al., "Optimal Mean-Absolute-Error Hit-or-Miss Filters: Morphological Representation and Estimation of the Binary Conditional Expectation," SPIE Journal of Optical Engineering, vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 815-827, Apr. 1993.4M. Analoui et al., "New Results on Reconstruction of Continuous-Tone from Halftone", Proceedings ICASSP (International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing), pp. 313-316, 1992.5M. Y. Ting, "Error-Diffused Image Compression Using a Binary-to-Gray-Scale Decoder and Predictive Pruned Tree-Structured Vector Quantization", IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 3, No. 6, pp. 854-858, Nov. 1994.6Paul G. Roetling et al., "Digital Image Processing Methods: Digital Halftoning(10)", Marcel Dekker, Inc. pp. 363-413 (1994).7Robert P. Loce et al., "Optimal Morphological Restoration: The Morphological Filter Mean-Absolute-Error Theorem," Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 412-432 (Dec. 1992).8Robert P. Loce, et al., "Enhancement and Restoration of Digital Documents: Statistical Design of Nonlinear Algorithms", SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering, pp. 1-50 and 102-125 (1997).9Robert P. Loce, et al., "Enhancement and Restoration of Digital Documents: Statistical Design of Nonlinear Algorithms", SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, pp. 1-50 and 102-125 (1997).10S. Floyd et al., "An Adaptive Algorithm for Spatial Grayscale", SID (Society for Information Display), pp. 75-77, vol. 17 No. 2 Second Quarter, 1976.11S. Hein et al., "Reconstruction of Continuous Tone Images from Their Error-Diffused Versions", Proceedings of the Conference on Human Vision, Visual Processing and Digital Display IV, pp. 310-324, (SPIE) vol. 1913, 1993.12S. M. Schweisser, "A Bayesian Approach to Inverse Halftoning", Proceedings of the Conference on Human Vision, Visual Processing, and Digital Display IV, pp. 282-292, vol. 1913, Feb. 1993.13Z. Fan, "Retrieval of Images from Digital Halftones," Proceedings of the International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, pp. 2477-2480, 1992.Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS6678414 *Feb 17, 2000Jan 13, 2004Xerox CorporationLoose-gray-scale template matchingUS6757431 *Dec 19, 2000Jun 29, 2004Xerox CorporationResolution conversion for anti-aliased images using loose gray scale template matchingUS6834124 *Oct 16, 2000Dec 21, 2004Xerox CorporationAdaptive image enhancement filterUS6840666Jan 22, 2003Jan 11, 2005Marena Systems CorporationMethods and systems employing infrared thermography for defect detection and analysisUS7149343Feb 18, 2003Dec 12, 2006Marena Systems CorporationMethods for analyzing defect artifacts to precisely locate corresponding defectsUS7377652Jul 31, 2007May 27, 2008Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationHDR displays having location specific modulationUS7403332Mar 13, 2003Jul 22, 2008Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationHigh dynamic range display devicesUS7413307Feb 5, 2007Aug 19, 2008Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationHigh dynamic range display devicesUS7413309Feb 13, 2008Aug 19, 2008Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationHigh dynamic range display devicesUS7419267Jul 31, 2007Sep 2, 2008Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationHDR displays with overlapping dual modulationUS7460270 *Mar 4, 2004Dec 2, 2008Microsoft CorporationEvaluation of color image qualityUS7538815Jan 23, 2003May 26, 2009Marena Systems CorporationAutofocus system and method using focus measure gradientUS7581837Jul 31, 2007Sep 1, 2009Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationHDR displays and control systems thereforUS7593598 *Jan 31, 2006Sep 22, 2009Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc.System and method for efficient filter design through weighted difference of Gaussian filtersUS7753530 *Jul 27, 2009Jul 13, 2010Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationHDR displays and control systems thereforUS7777945Jul 31, 2007Aug 17, 2010Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationHDR displays having light estimating controllersUS7800822Jul 31, 2007Sep 21, 2010Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationHDR displays with individually-controllable color backlightsUS7801426 *Sep 21, 2010Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationHigh dynamic range display devices having color light sourcesUS7942531May 17, 2011Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationEdge lit locally dimmed displayUS7974464 *Oct 2, 2009Jul 5, 2011Drvision Technologies LlcMethod of directed pattern enhancement for flexible recognitionUS8059110Dec 8, 2006Nov 15, 2011Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationMotion-blur compensation in backlit displaysUS8091021 *Jul 16, 2007Jan 3, 2012Microsoft CorporationFacilitating adaptive grid-based document layoutUS8125425Jul 31, 2007Feb 28, 2012Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationHDR displays with dual modulators having different resolutionsUS8172401May 8, 2012Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationEdge lit locally dimmed displayUS8175992 *Mar 17, 2009May 8, 2012Intelliscience CorporationMethods and systems for compound feature creation, processing, and identification in conjunction with a data analysis and feature recognition system wherein hit weights are summedUS8199401Sep 23, 2009Jun 12, 2012Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationN-modulation displays and related methodsUS8277056 *Oct 2, 2012Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationLocally dimmed displayUS8289326 *Aug 16, 2007Oct 16, 2012Southwest Research InstituteImage analogy filters for terrain modelingUS8408718Sep 26, 2012Apr 2, 2013Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationLocally dimmed displayUS8419194Apr 16, 2013Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationLocally dimmed displayUS8446351Jan 25, 2012May 21, 2013Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationEdge lit LED based locally dimmed displayUS8447076 *Feb 27, 2009May 21, 2013Canon Kabushiki KaishaImage processing method, pattern detection method, pattern recognition method, and image processing 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source modulation in dual modulator displaysUS20030222220 *Feb 18, 2003Dec 4, 2003Marian EnachescuMethods for analyzing defect artifacts to precisely locate corresponding defectsUS20050162737 *Mar 13, 2003Jul 28, 2005Whitehead Lorne A.High dynamic range display devicesUS20050195416 *Mar 4, 2004Sep 8, 2005Microsoft CorporationEvaluation of color image qualityUS20060170980 *Jan 31, 2006Aug 3, 2006Chang Ti-ChiunSystem and method for efficient filter design through weighted difference of Gaussian filtersUS20070132956 *Feb 5, 2007Jun 14, 2007The University Of British ColumbiaHigh dynamic range display devicesUS20070146257 *Dec 8, 2006Jun 28, 2007The University Of British ColumbiaMotion-blur compensation in backlit displaysUS20070268211 *Jul 31, 2007Nov 22, 2007Dolby Canada CoporationHdr displays with individually-controllable color backlightsUS20070268224 *Jul 31, 2007Nov 22, 2007Dolby Canada CorporationHdr displays with dual modulators having different resolutionsUS20080018985 *Jul 31, 2007Jan 24, 2008Dolby Canada CorporationHdr displays having light estimating controllersUS20080022197 *Jul 16, 2007Jan 24, 2008Microsoft CorporationFacilitating adaptive grid-based document layoutUS20080043034 *Jul 31, 2007Feb 21, 2008Dolby Canada CorporationHdr displays and control systems thereforUS20080043303 *Jul 31, 2007Feb 21, 2008Dolby Canada CorporationHdr displays with overlapping dual modulationUS20090046095 *Aug 16, 2007Feb 19, 2009Southwest Research InstituteImage Analogy Filters For Terrain ModelingUS20090180078 *Jul 16, 2009Lorne WhiteheadHigh dynamic range display devices having color light sourcesUS20090220155 *Feb 27, 2009Sep 3, 2009Canon Kabushiki KaishaImage processing method, pattern detection method, pattern recognition method, and image processing deviceUS20090231359 *Mar 17, 2009Sep 17, 2009Intelliscience CorporationMethods and systems for compound feature creation, processing, and identification in conjunction with a data analysis and feature recognition 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displayWO2006084150A2 *Feb 2, 2006Aug 10, 2006Siemens Corp Res IncSystem and method for efficient filter design through weighted difference of gaussian filtersWO2008094153A1 *Jan 31, 2007Aug 7, 2008Dolby Canada CorpMultiple modulator displays and related methods* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification382/261, 382/266International ClassificationG06T5/00Cooperative ClassificationG06T5/20European ClassificationG06T5/00Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionDec 30, 1998ASAssignmentOwner name: XEROX CORPORATION, CONNECTICUTFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LOCE, ROBERT P.;REEL/FRAME:009682/0135Effective date: 19981229Jun 28, 2002ASAssignmentOwner name: BANK ONE, NA, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, ILLINOISFree format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:XEROX CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:013153/0001Effective date: 20020621Oct 31, 2003ASAssignmentOwner name: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, AS COLLATERAL AGENT,TEXASFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:XEROX 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P. 100493519 Interconnected System Frequency Response00493519 Interconnected System Frequency ResponseRatings: (0)|Views: 259|Likes: 6Published by api-3697505More info:Published by: api-3697505 on Oct 17, 2008Copyright:Attribution Non-commercialAvailability:Read on Scribd mobile: iPhone, iPad and Android.download as PDF, TXT or read online from ScribdFlag for inappropriate content|Add to collectionSee moreSee lesshttps://www.scribd.com/doc/7076474/00493519-Interconnected-System-Frequency-Response03/18/2014pdftextoriginal Interconnected System Frequency R esponse
R o g e rL . K in g a n d M in h - L u a n N g o
D e p a rtm e n to f E le c tr ic a l& C o m p u te r E n g in e e r in g
M is s is s ip p i S ta te U n iv e r s ity
M is s is s ip p i S ta te , M S 3 9 7 6 2 - 9 5 7 1
F r e q u e n c y m a n a g e m e n t isa p r im a r y g o a l in th e c o n tr o l
e le c tr ic p o w e r s y s te m .
T r a d itio n a lly , th is h a s b e e n
a c c o m p lis h e d v ia tie -lin e b ia s c o n tr o l w ith in a w e ll d e fin e d
H owever, the control area' sfr e q u e n c y b ia s
c h a r a c te r is tic , w h ic h is a n im p o r ta n t c o m p o n e n t in th e tie -
b ia s c o n tr o l e q u a tio n , is a
d g fic u lt te r m
q u a n tih .
T h isisd u e to th e f a c t th a t th is te r m r e p r e s e n ts th e c o m b in e d
droop characteristicso f
a ll th e g e n e r a to r s s e r v in g th e lo a d
plus thefrequency dependencyo f th e lo a d .
H ow ever, since
m o s t lo a d fr e q u e n c y c o n tr o lle r s u s e in te g r a l c o n tr o lle r s , th is
in a b ility to a c c u r a te ly q u a n ti&
the control area'sfr e q u e n c y
response characteristic has not caused unacceptable control
e r r o r s . B u t, a s th e p o w e r in d u s tr y m o v e s in toanew era, the
c o n tr o l s c h e m e s m u s t b e r e -e x a m in e d in th e lig h to f th e n e w
system operating rules.
T h is p a p e r w ill in tr o d u c e s o m e n e w
id e a s o n fr e q u e n c y m a n a g e m e n t th a t u tiliz e w h a ti sr e f e r r e d
th is p a p e r
in te r c o n n e c te d
response characteristic,, ( j s y 9
T h is p a p e r w ill e x p la in th e
p r o b le m s a s s o c ia te d w ith th e p r e s e n t a p p r o a c h a n d w h y th is
o ffe r s im p r o v e m e n ts f o r
large control areas,
e s p e c ia lly in th e n e w c o m p e titiv e e n v ir o n m e n t. A n a n a ly tic a l
a p p r o a c h f o r d e te r m in in g
,(jsclsysin real-tim e w ill be show n.
h a s b e e n d e v e lo p e d w ith s y s te m
lo a d d a ta
th e S o u th e r n E le c tr ic S y s te m .
c o n tro l, A re a c o n tro l e rro r
C ontrol areas and A G C
T h e e le c tric u tility s y s te m in th e U n ite d S ta te s is d iv id e d
in to m a n y in te rc o n n e c te d c o n tro l a re a s .
is re s p o n s ib le fo r g e n e ra tin g e n o u g h p o w e r to m e e t its o w n
c u s to m e rs o r " n a tiv e lo a d ."
B y k e e p in g th e g e n e ra te d p o w e r
e q u a l to th e p o w e r c o n s u m e d b y th e lo a d , u tilitie s k e e p th e
frequency at6 0H z.
U n d e r-g e n e ra tio n w ill
o v e r-g e n e ra tio n w ill c a u s e th e fre q u e n c y to ris e a b o v e6 0 H z.
S in c e th e lo a d s in th e s y s te m
a re c o n s ta n tly c h a n g in g , th e
R o g e lio L u c k
D e p a rtm e n to f M e c h a n ic a l E n g in e e r in g
M is s is s ip p i S ta te ,M S 3 9 7 6 2 -9 5 5 0
g e n e ra tio n le v e li n e a c h a re a m u s t b e c h a n g e d a s w e ll, in
o rd e r to m a in ta in th e d e s ire d fre q u e n c y . T h e v a rio u s c o n tro l
a re a s a re in te rc o n n e c te d b y tra n s m is s io n lin e s c a lle d tie -lin e s .
P e rio d ic a lly , th e d iffe re n t a re a s c o n tra c t s a le s o fb u lkpow er
fro m o n e to a n o th e r a c ro s s th e s e tie -lin e s . F o r e x a m p le , o n e
area m ay agree to buy 100M W so f p o w e r fro m its n e ig h b o r
fo r th e n e x t h o u r. T h e tw oa re a s th e n a d ju s t th e ir g e n e ra tio n
le v e ls in
1 0 0 M W s to
s e llin g a re a a n d in to th e b u y in g a re a a c ro s s th e tie -lin e .
T h is p ra c tic e a d d s a n o th e r fa c to r to g e n e ra tio n c o n tro l.
N o t o n ly m u s ta r e a sa d ju s t th e ir g e n e ra tio n to m e e t th e ir ow n
lo a d , b u t
s c h e d u le d tie -lin e tra n s a c tio n s . It is p o s s ib le , b y m o n ito rin g
b o th th e tie -lin e flo w a n d th e s y s te m fre q u e n c y to d e te rm in e
th e p ro p e r g e n e ra tio n a c tio n (ra is e o r lo w e r). T h u s , e le c tric
u tilitie s u se a n a u to m a tic g e n e ra tio n c o n tro l (A G C ) system to
b a la n c e th e ir m o m e n t-to -m o m e n t e le c tric a l g e n e ra tio n to lo a d
w ith in a g iv e n c o n tro l a re a .
T h e p rim a ry o b je c tiv e s o fA G C
are: (a) to keep tie line
in te rc h a n g e s
s c h e d u le d ,
frequency at the nom inal frequency(6 0 H zi n the U .S .A .),
o p e ra te w ith
(i.e., w ith
d is tu rb a n c e s
g e n e ra tio n ), (d ) to o p tim iz e e c o n o m ic a l o p e ra tio n , a n d(e )t o
m axim ize
R e lia b ility C o u n c il(N E R C )g u id e lin e s[1 1 .
R egardlesso f
g u id e lin e s , a n y
lo a d -fre q u e n c y
b a la n c e s h o u ld b e
d e s ig n e d to
reject frequency
disturbances, i.e., item s (a), (b), and (c).
exist to enforce item s (a), (b ),a n d (c ) in a m a n n e r c o n s is te n t
th ro u g h o u t th e in te rc o n n e c te d s y s te m b y e s ta b lis h in g b o u n d s
in th e p e rfo rm a n c e o f th eA G C s.
T ie -lin e b ia s c o n tr o l
T he c u rre n t p ra c tic e o f th e lo a d fre q u e n c y c o n tro l (L F C )
h c t i o n o f a u to m a tic g e n e ra tio n c o n tro l (A G C ) is b a s e do n
s tra te g yknow n
a s tie -lin e b ia s c o n tro l.
th is c o n tro l
re g u la te its a re a c o n tro l e rro r (A C E ) to z e ro , w h e re :
0 -8 1 8 6 -7 3 5 2 -4 /9 6$ 0 5 .0 00 1 9 9 6 IE E E
T ,-T , is th e d iffe re n c e b e tw e e n th e a c tu a l a n d th e
s c h le d u le d
in te rc h a n g e
d e v ia tio n s is lO p (f,-f,).
T h e c o e ffic ie n t,p ,is k n o w n a s th e
natural response coefficient.
It is d iffic u lt to o b ta in
a c c u ra te v a lu e o fps in c e it d e p e n d s o n
th e g o v e rn o r
re slp o n se c a p a b ility o f th e g e n e ra tin g u n its p re s e n tly o n -lin e
fre q u e n c y d e p e n d e n c e o f th e c o n s ta n tly c h a n g in g
lo a d .
T his characteristic is expressed as:
1 iRis th e g e n e ra to r re g u la tio n o r d ro o p ,
Dis th e lo a d d a m p in g C h a ra c te ris tic .
Ris th e s te a d y s ta te c h a ra c te ris tic re la tin g fre q u e n c y o f a
g e n e ra to r to
generated pow er (see figure
Id e a lly , th e
in d iv id u a l u n it d ro o p c h a ra c te ris tic s a re
m in im ize
o s c illa tio n .
T y p ic a lly , d ro o p s a re d e sig n e d to ra n g e fro m
3to5 p e rc e n t.
In o th e r w o rd s , a g o v e rn o r d ro o p c h a ra c te ris tic o f5 %
change in frequency (e.g., 3H zo n a6 0H z system )
w ill re s u lt in a u n it c y c lin g its o u tp u t fro m z e ro tofu ll lo a d .
H o w e v e r, a c c o rd in g to
recent EPRI survey, the
d ro o p
generators m easured
a c tu a lly ra n g e d fro m
6 .9to 1 2 .2 p e rc e n t [2 ].
a re m u c h h ig h e r th a n th e c o m m o n ly a n tic ip a te d ra n g e o f3t o
5p e rc e n t.
U n ito u tp u t
F ig u re 1 S p e e d d ro o p c h a ra c te ris tic o f a g o v e rn o r.
I)re p re s e n ts th e s e lf-re g u la tin g c h a ra c te ris tic o f th e lo a d .
It is e x p re s s e d a s th e p e rc e n t c h a n g e in th e c o n n e c te d lo a d
d iv id e d b y th e p e rc e n t c h a n g e in fre q u e n c y .
In -o th e r-w o rd s,
lo a d in c re a s e s th e
T h e n , s in c e a p o rtio n o f th e lo a di sfre q u e n c y d e p e n d e n t, th e
fin a l lo a d w ill b e le s s th a n th a t a t ra te d fre q u e n c y .
Since a control area'spis c o n tin u o u s ly c h a n g in g a n d n o
g o o d te c h n iq u e h a s b e e n d e v e lo p e d to m e a s u re it in re a l-tim e ,
it m u st b e e s tim a te d . T h e e s tim a te d v a lu e o fpis c a lle d th e
T ie -L in e F re q u e n c y B ia s C o e ffic ie n t, B
The closerB
m a tc h e sp , th e b e tte r A G C w ill b e a b le to re d u c e th e n u m b e r
u n n e c e s s a ry
c o n tro l a c tio n s
in a d v e rte n t
flo w s.
g u id e lin e s re q u ire
estim ate fo r B
be based on the average of the area'sB ,a s
observed for past disturbances during peak hours.
a ls o re q u ire s th a t th e m o n th ly a v e ra g e o f1BIs h o u ld n o t b e
le s s th e n1 %o f th e c o n tro l a re a 's a n n u a l e s tim a te d p e a k lo a d
[I]. T h erefo re, it is co m m o n p ractice fo r a u tility to u se1 %
e q u a tio n (e q u a tio n1 ).
T h e g e n e ra to r's
d ro o p c h a ra c te ris tic a n d th e
dependency of the load perm it frequency m anagem ent of a
c o n tro l a re a to b e s o m e w h a t s e lf-re g u la tin g .
fre q u e n c y a t its n o m in a l
v a lu e , th e re m u st b e a s u p p le m e n ta l c o n tro l s y s te m (A G C ) to
a d ju s t a u n it's o u tp u t to b rin g th e s te a d y s ta te fre q u e n c y b a c k
to n o m in a l.
s y s te m , it is im p o rta n t fo r a p a rtic u la r c o n tro l a re a 's A G C to
b e a b le to d e te rm in e th e s o u rc e o f a d is tu rb a n c e (i.e ., in s id e
or outside of its area).
T h is ta s k is a c c o m p lis h e d w ith th e
e q u a tio n a n d tie -lin e b ia s c o n tro l.
U sing the system
fre q u e n c y a n d th e n e t p o w e r flo w in g o v e r th e tie -lin e s , A G C
c a n d iffe re n tia te b e tw e e n a n in te rn a l a n d e x te rn a l d is tu rb a n c e .
If it is a n in te rn a l d is tu rb a n c e , it w ill b e th e ta s k o f th e lo c a l
A G C to a d ju s t a re a g e n e ra tio n to m e e t th e lo a d .
e x te rn a l d is tu rb a n c e , th e
p ro v id e p o w e r to th e a ffe c te d c o n tro l a re a in a p ro p o rtio n
control area's
c o e ffic ie n t,p .
A ctu alv s estim ated A C E
The actual error betw een generation and load of an area
is th e a re a 's a c tu a l A C E .
T h e e s tim a te d A C E is c a lc u la te d
in te rc h a n g e ,
fre q u e n c y d e v ia tio n s fro m
th e n o m in a l, a n d th e e s tim a te d
fre q u e n c y b ia s fa c to r, B .
I ti sth is e s tim a te d A C E
u s e da sac o n tro l v a ria b le b yA G C .
W hen the frequency bias
o f th e e s tim a te d A C E m a tc h e s w ith th e a c tu a l fre q u e n c y b ia s
a re a , th e
estim ated A C E
a c tu a l A C E
id e n tic a l [3 ].
S in c e o n e o f th e
o b je c tiv e s o f A G C
re g u la te g e n e ra tio n , its in p u t s h o u ld b e th e a c tu a l A C E .
c a n b e a rg u e d th a t in te g ra l a c tio n in A G C
re s u lts in b o th
a c tu a l a n d e s tim a te d A C E b e in g a v e ra g e d to z e ro o v e r tim e ,
e x a m p le , v a ria tio n s in th e e s tim a te d A C E c a n b e m u c h la rg e r
th a n v a ria tio n s in th e a c tu a l A C E , if th e fre q u e n c y b ia s te rm
in th e e s tim a te d A C E is to o la rg e .
A ls o , a n e s tim a te d A C E
a c o n s ta n t fre q u e n c y b ia s fa c to r is n o n -lin e a rly
actual frequency bias
fa c to r is n o n -lin e a rly re la te d to th e
o p e ra tin g s ta te o f th e a re a , i.e ., fre q u e n c y a n d lo a d . U sin g an
e s tim a te d A C E b a s e d o n a c o n s ta n t fre q u e n c y b ia s s e ttin ga s
u n d e s ira b le
n o n lin e a rity in to th e c o n tro l s y s te m .
re s p o n s e s ,
1 0 B (f,-fs), for the
S o u th e rn E le c tric S y ste m
(S E S ) w e re c a lc u la te d fo r th e m o n th o f J u ly 1 9 9 4 . F o r 1 9 9 4 ,
SE Su s e d a c o n s ta n tB c o e ffic ie n t o f 3 2 1 M W /O .lH z . T h e
calculated values are the average frequency responses over a
th irty d a y s p e rio d .
T h e c a lc u la te d v a lu e s o f th e fre q u e n c y
response can be seen in Table 1.
Frequency Response Term
S E S 'S B
+ lo %
2 8 .7 7 2 9
3 1 .6 5 0 9
2 5 .8 9 6 1
-0 .4 9 0 9
-0 .5 3 9 9
-0 .4 4 1 8
T a b le1:
C a lc u la te d F re q u e n c y R e s p o n s e w ith D iffe re n t
B 'sfo r th eSE S J u ly 1 9 9 4 d a ta .
1 s h o w s th a t th e
re s p o n s e te rm o f th e A C E e q u a tio n a c tu a lly u s e d o n th e S E S
is a s e x p e c te d s in c e in te g ra l
a c tio n o f th e c o n tro lle r s h o u ld w o rk to z e ro o u t th e e rro r.
N o te th a t 9 5 %
o f th e e x c u rs io n s fo r th e m o n th w e re w ith in
5 7 .6 M W
(i.e ~ ,
tw o s ta n d a rd d e v ia tio n s ). H o w e v e r, n o te th a t
if th eBcoefficient was1 0 percent higher (and NERC prefers
response), then the mean would worsen by
c a s e , tw o
C o n v e rs e ly , if th eB
coefficient w as
10 percent less than
w hati sp re s e n tly u s e d , a n im p ro v e m e n t in th e in a d v e rte n t
e n e rg y in te rc h a n g e a n d a n im p ro v e m e n t in th e m a g n itu d e o f
th e e x c u rs io n s w o u ld b e n o te d .
te x tb o o k s
g e n e ra tio n c o n tro l [4 ] it is s h o w n th a t th e c h a n g e in s te a d y
s ta te fre q u e n c y d u e to a n in c re m e n ta l c h a n g e in lo a d p o w e r
in a p a rtic u la r c o n tro l a re a is :
A ls o , s in c e c o n tro l a re a s a re in te rc o n n e c te d , it c a n
s h o w n th a t th e c h a n g e in th e s y s te m
d u e to a n in c re m e n ta l c h a n g e in lo a d p o w e r in a p a rtic u la r
c o n tro l a re a is :
T h e a s s u m p tio n th a t th e s y s te m fre q u e n c y is c o n s ta n t is v a lid
if th e tie -lin e s in te rc o n n e c tin g th e c o n tro l a re a s a re s tiff.
T o illu s tra te th e fre q u e n c y s u p p o rt o ffe re d b y o p e ra tin g
in te rc o n n e c te d p o w e r s y s te m
c o n s id e r th e
exam ple (see figure 2 ).
First, consider the case w here A rea
1 h a s its th re e tie -lin e s o p e n a n d is o p e ra tin g in is o la tio n a n d
o p e ra tin g .
th is c o n tro l a re a 's
natural response characteristic,p ,is 3 0 0 M W /O .lH z b a s e d
u p o n th e 1 % o f p e a k lo a d g u id e lin e . N o w , w h a t h a p p e n s if
lo a d ?
e q u a tio n 3 , it c a n b e s e e n th a t th e s te a d y s ta te fre q u e n c y
d e v ia tio n w ill b e a - 0 .0 0 3 3 3 H z .
The decrease in frequency
i se x p e c te d d u e to th e fa c t n o A G C w a s a v a ila b le to c h a n g e
th e g e n e ra to r o u tp u ts to m a tc h th e
1 0M W
in te rc o n n e c te d w ith th re e s m a lle r c o n tro l a re a s w ithp 'sof 75
M W /O .lH z a n d A re a 1 a g a in e x p e rie n c e s a1 0M W
in lo a d .
A g a in , th e re a re n o A G C s o p e ra tin g in a n y o f th e
control areas. From
e q u a tio n4 ,it c a n b e d e te rm in e d th a t th e
in te rc o n n e c te d s y s te m h a s a s te a d y s ta te fre q u e n c y d e v ia tio n
o f -0 .0 0 1 9 H z .
T h is is a 4 3 .4 %
im p ro v e m e n t in fre q u e n c y
m a n a g e m e n t d u e to th e in te rc o n n e c tio n .
A re a3
A re a2
A re a4
F ig u re2 F o u r c o n tro l a re a s in te rc o n n e c te d .
H ow ever, this frequency support doesn o tcom e for free
in te rc o n n e c te d s y s te m .
p o s tu la te d
above, it can
s y s te m th a t fo r a 0 .0 0 3 3 3 H z c h n a g e in fre q u e c n y , th e u n its
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text:
Prandial subcutaneous injections of glucagon-like peptide-1 cause weight loss in obese human subjects. - PubMed - NCBI
Format: AbstractFormatSummarySummary (text)AbstractAbstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListApplySend toChoose DestinationFileClipboardCollectionsE-mailOrderMy BibliographyCitation managerFormatSummary (text)Abstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListCSVCreate File1 selected item: 15005830FormatSummarySummary (text)AbstractAbstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListMeSH and Other DataE-mailSubjectAdditional textE-mailDidn't get the message? Find out why...Add to ClipboardAdd to CollectionsOrder articlesAdd to My BibliographyGenerate a file for use with external citation management software.Create File
See comment in PubMed Commons belowBr J Nutr. 2004 Mar;91(3):439-46.Prandial subcutaneous injections of glucagon-like peptide-1 cause weight loss in obese human subjects.Näslund E1, King N, Mansten S, Adner N, Holst JJ, Gutniak M, Hellström PM.Author information1Division of Surgery, Karolinska Institutet-Danderyd Hospital, SE-182 88 Danderyd, Sweden. Erik.Naslund@kir.ds.sll.seAbstractRecombinant glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36)amide (rGLP-1) was recently shown to cause significant weight loss in type 2 diabetics when administered for 6 weeks as a continuous subcutaneous infusion. The mechanisms responsible for the weight loss are not clarified. In the present study, rGLP-1 was given for 5 d by prandial subcutaneous injections (PSI) (76 nmol 30 min before meals, four times daily; a total of 302.4 nmol/24 h) or by continuous subcutaneous infusion (CSI) (12.7 nmol/h; a total of 304.8 nmol/24 h). This was performed in nineteen healthy obese subjects (mean age 44.2 (sem 2.5) years; BMI 39.0 (sem 1.2) kg/m(2)) in a prospective randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Compared with the placebo, rGLP-1 administered as PSI and by CSI generated a 15 % reduction in mean food intake per meal (P=0.02) after 5 d treatment. A weight loss of 0.55 (sem 0.2) kg (P<0.05) was registered after 5 d with PSI of rGLP-1. Gastric emptying rate was reduced during both PSI (P<0.001) and CSI (P<0.05) treatment, but more rapidly and to a greater extent with PSI of rGLP-1. To conclude, a 5 d treatment of rGLP-1 at high doses by PSI, but not CSI, promptly slowed gastric emptying as a probable mechanism of action of increased satiety, decreased hunger and, hence, reduced food intake with an ensuing weight loss.PMID: 15005830 DOI: 10.1079/BJN20031064 [Indexed for MEDLINE] SharePublication types, MeSH terms, SubstancesPublication typesClinical TrialRandomized Controlled TrialResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tMeSH termsAdultCross-Over StudiesDouble-Blind MethodEating/drug effectsFeeding Behavior/drug effectsFemaleGastric Emptying/drug effectsGlucagon/administration & dosageGlucagon/adverse effectsGlucagon/therapeutic use*Glucagon-Like Peptide 1HumansHunger/drug effectsInfusions, ParenteralInjections, SubcutaneousMaleMiddle AgedNausea/chemically inducedObesity/bloodObesity/drug therapy*Obesity/physiopathologyPeptide Fragments/administration & dosagePeptide Fragments/adverse effectsPeptide Fragments/therapeutic use*Protein Precursors/administration & dosageProtein Precursors/adverse effectsProtein Precursors/therapeutic use*Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosageRecombinant Proteins/adverse effectsRecombinant Proteins/therapeutic useSatiation/drug effectsThirst/drug effectsWeight Loss/drug effects*SubstancesPeptide FragmentsProtein PrecursorsRecombinant ProteinsGlucagon-Like Peptide 1GlucagonLinkOut - more resourcesFull Text SourcesIngenta plcOvid Technologies, Inc.Other Literature SourcesCited by Patents in - The LensMedicalObesity - MedlinePlus Health InformationWeight Control - MedlinePlus Health InformationMiscellaneousGLUCAGON - Hazardous Substances Data BankPubMed Commons home

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text:
Coming of Age in Samoa: A Psychological Study of Primitive Youth for Western Civilisation by Margaret Mead, Paperback | Barnes & Noble
Rarely do science and literature come together in the same book. When they do  as in Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species, for example  they become classics, quoted and studied by scholars and the general public alike.Margaret Mead accomplished this remarkable feat not once but several times, beginning with Coming of Age in Samoa
Coming of Age in Samoa: A Psychological Study of Primitive Youth for Western Civilisation available in
Coming of age in Samoa; a psychological study of primitive youth for western civilisation 1.8 out of 5 based on 0 ratings.
unreadable in nook format due to typographical errors every line
I'm sure the content of the actual book is good but this format is unreadable. I was left constantly guessing the poorly misspelled words where random symbols are inserted and portions of words are omitted. Absolute garbage.

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text:
Patent US3581953 - Refillable liquid dispenser - Google Patents
www.google.comhttp://www.google.com/patents/US3581953?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US3581953 - Refillable liquid dispenser
Publication number US3581953 A
Publication number US 3581953 A, US 3581953A, US-A-3581953, US3581953 A, US3581953A
Inventors Donoghue Robert J
Original Assignee Donoghue Robert J
US 3581953 A
United States Patent [72] Inventor Robert J. Donoghue 900 Windsor Ave., Windsor, Conn. 06095 [21] Appl. No. 800,456
[22] Filed Feb. 19, 1969 [45] Patented Junel,l971
[54] REFILLABLE LIQUID DISPENSER Primary Examiner-Robert B. Reeves Assistant Examiner-Normal L. Stack, J r
ABSTRACT: A flexible walled container has first and second integrally formed chambers arranged one above the other, with an integrally formed separating wall therebetween. A tubular plug is threadably received in an insert fixed in an opening defined by said separating wall, and access to the plug is provided through a dispensing opening in the upper or second chamber. The plug carries a tube or conduit through which liquid can be forced by squeezing the lower or first chamber defining portion, and the plug has a laterally open passageway for directing the liquid toward the side of the second chamber to permit filling of the latter to a desired level after which the container can be inverted to dispense only that liquid in said second chamber.
PATENTEDJUN Man 3581; 953
INVENTOR ROBERT J- DONOGHLJE.
REFILLABLE LIQUID DISPENSER SUMMARY OF INVENTION This invention relates generally to refillable liquid dispensers, and deals more particularly with a squeezable container having storage and dispensing chambers which communicate with one another through conduit means removably received in integrally formed wall means separating said chambers.
Multicompartment containers for dispensing measured quantities of liquids have been proposed herefore, and the reader is referred to US. Pat. No. 3,347,420 issued to the inventor herein for illustrative examples of possible forms for such a liquid dispenser. While the squeeze bottle-type container described in said patent has proven to be quite useful in storing limited quantities of different liquids in a container having dispensing means for accurately metering, or measuring, limited quantities of the liquid, it does suffer from one disadvantage in that the internally mounted conduit means for siphoning the liquid from a storage chamber to the dispensing chamber is disclosed therein as being permanently mounted in the container rendering the container not readily adaptable to being refilledfor reuse by the consumer.
The primary object of the present invention is to provide a measuring bottle which can be refilled as needed from larger containers which the consumer might have available in his own normal course business. For example, consumers of relatively large quantities of commercial detergents or chemicals normally receive such liquids in large containers such as 50- gallon drums. The consumer, or his employee, is then required to devise his own system for drawing the liquid from such a 50- gallon drum and using the same in his business. As a result of the unique construction proposed herein for a refillable liquid dispenser capable of dispensing measured quantities of liquid, such a user would be the type describer herein, which bottles could then be filled and refilled from the larger containers as required.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an elevational view partly in vertical section showing a squeezable container constructed in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the liquid transfer conduit means and its associated retaining nut shown in FIG. 1, including the plug fitment portion thereof.
FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the annular nut shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
FIG. 4 is a vertical elevational view of an alternative embodiment of the present invention showing the upper portion of a squeezable container having its liquid transfer conduit means, and more particularly the plug fitment portion thereof threaded directly into the circular opening between the two chambers.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of still another embodiment of the plug fitment for use in either of the containers shown in FIGS. 1 and 4.
FIG. 6 is a vertical elevational view of a socket-type tool which might be used to insert or to remove the plug fitment of FIG. 5 from a container of the type shown in FIGS. 1 and 4.
FIG. 7 is plan view of an alternative embodiment for the threaded insert shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.
FIG. 8 is a plan view of an alternative embodiment for the threaded insert shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 7.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of still another embodiment of the plug fitment for use in a container of the type shown in FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION The presently preferred form of container in which an internal liquid transfer conduit means of the present invention is provided is shown in its entirety in FIG. I. This container is preferrably molded of a light-transmitting (preferrably translucent) plastic moldable material such as polyethylene of the like to provide at least one storage chamber 10 having relatively thin but sturdy flexible walls as shown. The upper por- I tion of the container is separated from the reservoir-defining chamber 10 by integrally molded walls means, indicated at 12 in FIG. I, which wall means comprises a necked down portion of the generally cylindrical container shown in FIG. I. It will of course be apparent to those skilled in the art that the cylindrical container of FIG. I is illustrated by way of example only, and that is associated chamber might also be defined as part of a multicompartment container as described in the above-mentioned patent. It is also noted that depending upon the size of the particular container in relationship to the thickness of its walls, reinforcing webs might be provided in the necked down portion 12 of the wall means connecting the reservoir-defining chamber 10 with the upper portion of the container as shown in the above-mentioned patent.
The reservoir-defining chamber 10 is operably associated wit an upper measuring, or dispensing chamber 14, and the upper chamber defines a filler opening 16 with integrally formed closure securing means 18 for threadably receiving a conventional screwcap (not shown).
In accordance with one presently preferred embodiment of the subject invention an annular insert 20 is secured in the internal circular opening defined by the wall means 12, as for example by sonic welding or other suitable means, so as to prevent the insert 20 from rotating once said insert has been forced into place as shown in FIG. 1. As best shown in FIG. 3, the annular insert 20 defines a female thread 22 for threadably receiving the conduit means, and more particularly the plug fitment portion 24 thereof. An external rib 21 on the insert may also be provided to aid in anchoring the insert in the opening.
The conduit means comprises the fitment 24 and an elongated tube 26, which tube projects downwardly into the reservoir I0 and communicates with an axially extending internal bore provided for this purpose in the plug fitment 24, which axial bore communicates with the nozzle opening 28 in the upper portion of the plug fitment 24. As so constructed and arranged the user can exert a squeezing action of the lower portion of the container which draws liquid upwardly through the tube and outwardly through the nozzle opening 28. The latterly outwardly directed nozzle opening 28 directs the liquid against the sidewalls of the dispensing chamber I4, causing that chamber to be filled to the appropriate depth as a result of several successive squeezing motions accomplished on the lower reservoir defining portion of the container. Markings may be provided on the upper portion of the container to accurately measure out predetermined quantities of liquid to be dispensed.
The plug fitment 24 can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2 to have an inwardly and upwardly tapered portion which defines the nozzle opening 28 adjacent its upper end, and which upper end also defines a screw slot 30 into which a conventional screwdriver can be inserted for inserting or removing the conduit means from the container. The lower portion of the plug fitment defines a male thread, best shown at 32 in FIG. 2, which allows said plug to be threadably received in the annular insert 20. An annular shoulder 34 on the plug fitment serves to abut the flange 36 provided for this purpose on the annular insert 20.
FIG. 4 shows a container of the general type shown in FIG. 1, but without the annular insert 20 being provided in the opening defined between the chambers 10 and 14. That is, the wall means 12a provided between the reservoir-defining chambers 10 and the dispensing chamber 14a is formed with its own integrally defined female thread for threadably receiving a plug fitment 24a. The plug fitment 24a is generally similar to the fitment 24 described in hereinabove, except that in place of the screws slot provided adjacent its upper end a pair of closed flat surfaces 30a, 30a are provided adjacent the flanged portion 340 for receiving a suitably defined wrench or the like. As so constructed and arranged, it will be apparent that the conduit means provided for drawing liquid from the reservoir'defining chamber 10a upwardly to the dispensing chamber 14a of FIG. 4 can be conveniently inserted or removed for refilling the container with a liquid as described above with reference to the preferred embodiments of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 still shows another embodiment for the plug fitment for use in combination with a siphon tube of the type shown in the previously described embodiments. The plug fitment 24b utilizes a hexagonal nut defining portion 30b for rotating the plug fitment to assemble the resulting conduit means with an associated container. FIG. 6 shows a socket-type tool 31b for assembling the plug fitment 24b with a container of the type shown in FIG. 1, and for removing the plug fitment therefrom for refilling said container.
FIGS. 7 and 8 show a generally annular insert, c and 20d respectively, of the type which night be adapted for use in a noncylindrical container, or in a cylindrical container having its wall defining portion so formed as to receive either the oval insert 20c of the generally square insert 20d shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 respectively.
FIG. 9 shows a plug fitment 24c having a nonthreaded cylindrical lower portion 32c which might be of appropriate size for being forced into a corresponding opening defined either by the wall means 12 between the upper and lower chambers of the container, or in a suitable annular insert of the type shown in FIG. 3 but having a straight walled axial bore in place of the threaded bore indicated generally at 22 in that view. In the FIG. 9 construction means is provided on the plug fitment Me for withdrawing the same from its associated container. More particularly, a pair of radially outwardly extending lugs 36, 36 are provided immediately above the annular flanged portion 34c, and an opening 38 is provided in each of these lugs 36, 36 to permit insertion of a suitably defined tool for drawing the plug fitment 24e upwardly out of the opening in the container.
1. A container comprising a unitary body including as integrally formed components a first chamber-defining compartment and a second chamber-defining compartment, wall means between said chamber-defining compartments and having an opening therethrough, conduct means extending axially through said opening and having inlet and outlet ends located respectively in said first and second chambers, said second chamber-defining compartment having a second opening axially spaced from said first opening and comprising the dispensing opening for the container, said conduit means comprising a tubular member having one end in said first chamber 1 for receiving fluid therein, a fitment at the opposite end of said tubular member in said second chamber for discharging fluid transversely toward a side wall portion of said second chamber-defining portion, said fitment having a lower portion which defines a male thread and an annular shoulder above the threaded portion, said fitment further including tool engageable formations above said shoulder to permit turning of the fitment when said fitment is located in said first opening, and means defining a female thread for removably securing said male threaded portion of said fitment in said first opening.
2. A container as defined in claim 7 wherein said means for removably securing said fitment in said first opening comprises an insert having a threaded opening for threadably receiving said threaded portion, and means for nonrotatably mounting said insert in said first opening.
3. A container as defined in claim 2, wherein said means for nonrotatably mounting said insert in said first opening comprises a noncircular outer surface for said insert and a complementary first opening defining portion of said wall means for nonrotatably receiving said insert.
4. A container as defined in claim 2 wherein said second opening defining portion of said second chamber-defining portion includes integrally formed closure-securing means.
5. A container as defined in claim 2 wherein said means for nonrotatably mounting said insert in said first opening comprises a radially outwardly extending flange on said insert for engaging the first opening defining portion of said wall means in said first chamber, said flange being sonically welded to the underlying portion of said wall means to permanently secure said insert to said wall means.
US5120148 * Oct 22, 1991 Jun 9, 1992 The West Company, Incorporated Applicator assembly
US5568886 * Jul 15, 1994 Oct 29, 1996 Aptargroup, Inc. Combined turret and closure seal
US5573143 * Sep 21, 1994 Nov 12, 1996 Colgate-Palmolive Company Blow molded multi-chamber containers with dispenser/doser
US7033099 * Jul 14, 2004 Apr 25, 2006 Antonio Sergio Moutinho Arrangement applied in package
US20020170917 * May 28, 2002 Nov 21, 2002 Gallo Anthony J. Temperature cup
US20050013648 * Jul 14, 2004 Jan 20, 2005 Moutinho Antonio S. Arrangement applied in package
USD775949 * May 12, 2014 Jan 10, 2017 The J.M. Smucker Company Cap
EP0475546A1 * Jul 31, 1991 Mar 18, 1992 EFFEM GmbH Container for delivering determined quantities of liquid
EP1035034A1 * Mar 12, 1999 Sep 13, 2000 Createchnic AG Plastic container and corresponding dosing element with closure
WO1992005407A1 * Jul 31, 1991 Apr 2, 1992 Effem Gmbh Container for the metered dispensing of liquids
WO2000055071A1 * Mar 10, 2000 Sep 21, 2000 Createchnic Ag Plastic container and corresponding metering element with a closure
U.S. Classification 222/207, 222/570
International Classification G01F11/00, G01F11/28, B65D35/24, B65D83/00, B65D35/40
Cooperative Classification G01F11/286, B65D35/40, B65D83/00
European Classification B65D83/00, B65D35/40, G01F11/28D


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Cache County, Utah	From FamilySearch Wiki	(Difference between revisions)	Jump to:	navigation	, search	Revision as of 10:30, 18 October 2012 (view source)Wyzer17 (Talk | contribs) (format)← Older edit
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