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Patent US20040158638 - Providing static and dynamic event data - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign in<nobr>Advanced Patent Search</nobr>PatentsTechniques for providing static and dynamic event data are disclosed. In one implementation, a mobile user interface device has the capability to determine whether static event data has been received, determine whether an event wireless network has been detected, establish a wireless network session...http://www.google.com/patents/US20040158638?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US20040158638 - Providing static and dynamic event dataAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS20040158638 A1Publication typeApplicationApplication numberUS 10/360,570Publication dateAug 12, 2004Filing dateFeb 6, 2003Priority dateFeb 6, 2003Also published asCA2513622A1, EP1590976A1, WO2004073333A1Publication number10360570, 360570, US 2004/0158638 A1, US 2004/158638 A1, US 20040158638 A1, US 20040158638A1, US 2004158638 A1, US 2004158638A1, US-A1-20040158638, US-A1-2004158638, US2004/0158638A1, US2004/158638A1, US20040158638 A1, US20040158638A1, US2004158638 A1, US2004158638A1InventorsJay Peters, Gerald HuntOriginal AssigneePeters Jay R. St., Hunt Gerald P.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManReferenced by (13), Classifications (10), Legal Events (1) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetProviding static and dynamic event dataUS 20040158638 A1Abstract Techniques for providing static and dynamic event data are disclosed. In one implementation, a mobile user interface device has the capability to determine whether static event data has been received, determine whether an event wireless network has been detected, establish a wireless network session if an event wireless network has been detected, and determine whether dynamic event data has been received in a wireless network message. When static and/or dynamic event data have been received, a user interface may be generated to present at least some of the static event data and at least some of the dynamic event data. A wireless network may have the capability to determine whether a wireless network session is authorized and to determine the level of service required for the session. Images(6) Claims(26)
[0015] Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0016] Providing static and dynamic event data includes conveying event-related data to a mobile user interface device. One application is in the field of sporting events. Thus, a spectator may receive historical as well as current data regarding teams and players participating in the sporting event. Providing static and dynamic data, however, is not limited to sporting events and may include conveying event-related data to a mobile user interface device at any type of event. [0017]FIG. 1 illustrates a system 100 for providing static and dynamic event data. In general, system 100 includes a mobile user interface device 110 and a wireless network 120, located at an event site 130. In operation, mobile user interface device 110 receives static data regarding the event, which is data that typically does not change during the event, such as, for example, biographical data about event participants, data about the event site 130, and data about the history of the event. Additionally, mobile user interface device 110 receives dynamic data regarding the event, which is data that is generated during the event, such as, for example, statistics and status of event participants. Wireless network 120 is responsible for sending static and/or dynamic event data to mobile user interface device 110. Mobile user interface device 110 is also responsible for presenting the static and dynamic event data to a user of the interface device. [0018] In more detail, mobile user interface device 110 includes memory 112 and a display device 116. Memory 112 may be random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), a flash card, compact-disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a PCMCIA card, registers, and/or any other appropriate type of volatile or non-volatile information storage apparatus. Memory 112 includes static event data 113 and dynamic event data 114. Static event data 113 and dynamic event data 114 may be text, audio, graphics, video, statistics, and/or any other appropriate type of information about an event. The data may be in any appropriate format for display, such as, for example, Extensible Markup Language (XML), HyperText Markup Language (HTML), Wireless Markup Language (WML), or iMode. Memory 112 may also store other data and/or instructions for mobile user interface device 110. In particular embodiments, memory 112 includes a Web-browser for generating a user interface to display the event data. [0019] As mentioned previously, static event data 113 is data that typically does not change as the event progresses, and dynamic data 114 is data that typically does change as the event progresses. For example, a sporting-event participant's name, height, weight, and previous year's statistics do not change during an event and, hence, are static. By contrast, the participant's statistics during the event do change and, hence, are dynamic. Other examples of dynamic data include telemetry from an automobile, event-site weather conditions, a replay of a recent event incident, and play prediction. Static event data 113 may be stored on removable information storage devices, such as, for example, a CD-ROM, a smart card, a PCMCIA card, or a DVD, downloaded from wireless network 120, downloaded from a landline network, such as, for example, the Internet, or otherwise captured in memory 112. The data may be stored in either a compressed or uncompressed format. In particular implementations, the static event data may mimic a traditional souvenir sports program and may be acquired using data mining techniques to establish the needed fields and present the data. Dynamic event data 114, in turn, is downloaded from wireless network 120. The dynamic event data may or may not be distributed in real-time. [0020] Display device 116 is responsible for displaying a user interface 117, which contains the static and/or dynamic event data. Display device 116 may be a cathode ray tube (CRT) display, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a projector, or any other appropriate type of device for displaying information. User interface 117 may be a text-based interface, a graphics based interface, an interactive interface, and/or an interface having any other appropriate format for presenting information. User interface 117 may be browser-based, custom-developed, or in some other format. In certain implementations, a high-density TV broadcast display may replace a browser-based technique. [0021] Mobile user interface device 110 additionally includes devices for facilitating the manipulation and/or transfer of information. For example, mobile user interface device 110 may include a processor, such as, for example, an analog processor, a digital processor, a biological processor, an atomic processor, or any other appropriate type of apparatus for manipulating information in a logical manner, and a wireless communication interface, such as, for example, a wireless transceiver or any other appropriate type of apparatus for wirelessly sending and receiving information. Mobile user interface device 110 also may include any appropriate type of apparatus for allowing user input, such as, for example, a button, a keyboard, a track ball, a touch pad, with or without a stylus, a mouse, a light pen, or a microphone. If handwriting or voice commands are involved, mobile user interface device 110 may also include instructions or circuitry for recognizing handwriting or voice. In certain implementations, mobile user interface device 110 also includes an audio output apparatus, such as, for example, a speaker, a buzzer, or a bell. In particular implementations, mobile user interface device 110 may be a wirelessly-equipped personal digital assistant (PDA). [0022] Mobile user interface device 110 is coupled to wireless network 120 by a link 140. Link 140 may be a radio frequency (RF) wireless link, such as, for example, a Bluetooth� link or an IEEE 802.11 link, an infrared (IR) wireless link, a cellular or satellite link, or any other appropriate type of wireless path for transferring information. Data may be sent across link 140 according to any appropriate protocol, such as, for example, the Internet protocol (IP), and may be secured by RSA encryption or any other appropriate type of security protocol. [0023] Wireless network 120 includes wireless stations 122 and a server 124. Wireless stations 122 are positioned around event site 130 to provide wireless communication with mobile user interface device 110. It should be noted that event site 130 may have any number of wireless stations 122. Wireless stations 122 send information to and receive information from mobile user interface device 110. Wireless stations 122 may include wireless transceivers that operate according to any appropriate protocol, such as, for example, Bluetooth� or IEEE 802.11. Server 124 is responsible for distributing static and/or dynamic event data to wireless stations 122 for conveyance to mobile user interface device 110. The data may be received from any of a variety of sources, such as, for example, an official scorer's computer, a TV network computer, or a specialized analyst's computer. In particular implementations, server 124 and mobile user interface device 110 may enter into a client/server relation and may relate to each other using Web Service Description Language (WSDL), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), or Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI). Server 124 may use push techniques, pull techniques, or any other appropriate technique to send data to mobile user interface device 110. [0024] Wireless network 120 may also include other devices for facilitating the transfer of information to mobile user interface device 110. For example, wireless network 120 may include transceivers, switching centers, packet data servers, station controllers, and/or devices of any other appropriate type for receiving and transferring information. [0025] In one mode of operation, mobile user interface device 110 receives static event data before or after arriving at an event. For example, the static event data may be downloaded over the Internet before traveling to the event, or removable media such as a smart card may be obtained and inserted at the event. Mobile user interface device 110 may generate a user interface to display the static event data. The interface device may also update the user interface, which many include generating another user interface. The user interface may be generated and/or updated automatically, in response to user commands, or otherwise. In certain embodiments, instructions for generating a user interface for the event data and/or accessing the wireless network may be acquired in the same manner as the static event data. [0026] When at the event site itself, mobile user interface device 110 detects the presence of wireless network 120 and establishes a wireless network session with wireless network 120. [0027] Detecting the wireless network may include detecting a wireless signal that contains a recognized identifier for the wireless network for the event. The recognized identifier may be included with the static event data. Establishing a wireless network session may entail registering the mobile user interface device, validating the mobile user interface device, negotiating channels, negotiating access times, determining service levels for the mobile user interface device, and/or any other appropriate functions for establishing a wireless network session. Also included with the static event data may be login or subscription information for accessing the event wireless network, for determining the service level for the mobile wireless unit, and/or for charging fees for wireless network services. Login or subscription information may include a wireless-network-assigned identifier, an identifier for interface device 100, a password, or any other appropriate registration and/or validation data. [0028] After establishing a wireless network session, mobile user interface device 110 is able to receive dynamic event data from wireless network 120. As mentioned previously, the dynamic event data may be pushed to or pulled by mobile user interface device 110. Dynamic event data may include current analysis of the event, recent event data, replay data, overhead views of the event, and the like. If data is pushed to mobile user interface device 110, the device may determine whether the user wants the information to be displayed currently or whether the data may be desired later. If neither, the device may discard the data. After receiving desired dynamic data, the user interface may be updated with the data, which may include generating another user interface. Updating the user interface may, for example, include replacing some of the presented static event data with dynamic event data. [0029] Mobile user interface device 110 may also detect signals indicating a request for dynamic event data. The signals may be generated in response to commands from a user, for example. Upon making such a detection, the mobile user interface device generates a wireless network message requesting dynamic event data. Wireless network 120 responds to the message by retrieving the data and generating and sending a wireless network message containing the data. Upon receiving the data, the mobile user interface device may update the user interface. [0030] Additionally, the mobile user interface device may detect a signal indicating a request to alter the user interface. The user interface may be updated to display different static event data and/or dynamic event data. [0031] System 100 has a variety of features. For example, because mobile user interface device 110 can provide static event data and dynamic event data to a user, more relevant data may be delivered to a spectator at an event, enhancing the spectator's experience. Furthermore, the system may provide less expensive publishing of data, which will aid in the distribution of more data. As another example, spectator interaction may be implemented to allow spectators to engage in actions such as requesting specific data, play-by-play data, and replays, and to thereby further enhance the spectator experience. As a further example, by providing varying levels of service, the system allows for billing differentiation between users. Note, however, that in some implementations a base level of service may be free. [0032] System 100 may be used at a variety of events. For example, at automobile races, a mobile user interface device may receive and output the communications between pit crew and driver, automobile telemetry data, updated place standings, pit stop information, and/or any other appropriate data. At football and basketball events, a mobile user interface device may receive and output data on individual player statistics, plays, formations, teams, players to watch, and/or any other appropriate information. In certain implementations, a user may even be involved in an interactive play prediction technique. At Olympic events, a mobile user interface device may provide a schedule of events, a map of venues, weather forecasts, qualifying information, current medal count standings, and/or any other appropriate data. For golf events, a mobile user interface device may provide the current hole and score for each participant, participant statistics, replays of interesting shots, and/or any other appropriate data. For soccer events, a mobile user interface device may provide the current time, penalty time, players to watch, replays, player statistics, team statistics, and/or any other appropriate data. For baseball events, a mobile computing device may provide the current count, player statistics, pitching statistics, team statistics, and/or any other appropriate data. [0033] In particular implementations, static event data may be downloaded from the wireless network. Furthermore, in some implementations, data from different event sites may be combined and sent to an event site for download to a mobile user interface device. The data may be static and/or dynamic data for the other event sites. This may be accomplished, for example, by using Microsoft� Passport techniques. [0034] In certain implementations, accessing an event wireless network may be accomplished by registering for the event before hand. The registration may be accomplished by any appropriate technique for contacting the event provider, such as, for example, by telephone or Internet. Registering may, for example, allow a user and/or interface device to acquire an identifier and/or password for accessing the event wireless network when at the event. The identifier may be sent automatically by the mobile user interface device, entered by a user in a sign-on screen, possibly in response to a challenge from the wireless network, or otherwise. [0035] In some implementations, the service level provided to a mobile user interface device may be upgraded during a wireless network session. This may be accomplished by the user requesting enhanced services and possibly providing financial information, such as, for example a credit card number. In certain implementations, a user may have a pre-stored user financial profile with the event wireless network provider. [0036]FIG. 2 illustrates a mobile user interface device 200 that is operable to receive data from a wireless network and present the data to a user. Mobile user interface device 200 may be utilized in a system such as the system illustrated in FIG. 1. [0037] In more detail, mobile user interface device 200 includes memory 210, a microprocessor 220, a wireless transceiver 230, and a display device 240. Memory 210 may be RAM, ROM, CD-ROM, a flash card, registers, and/or any other type of volatile or non-volatile information storage apparatus. Memory 210 contains static event data 212, dynamic event data 214, and instructions 216, which dictate the higher-level operations of the interface device. Memory 210 may also contain a variety of other information. Microprocessor 220 is responsible for executing instructions 216 to perform the higher-level operations of mobile user interface device 200. Microprocessor 220 may be a reduced instruction set computer (RISC), a complex instruction set computer (CISC), or any other appropriate digital device for manipulating information in a logical manner. Wireless transceiver 230 is responsible for sending information to and receiving information from a wireless network. Wireless transceiver 240 may be an RF or IR transceiver, or any other appropriate device for exchanging information by the use of wireless electromagnetic signals. Display device 240 is responsible for displaying a user interface 242. Display device 240 may be a CRT display, an LCD, a projector, or any other appropriate device for displaying information. [0038] In one mode of operation, microprocessor 220 waits to detect reception of static data for an event. The data may include, for example, biographies, career statistics, and/or any other type of information about event participants. Receiving the data may be accomplished, for example, by receiving media, such as, for example, a CD-ROM or a smart card, containing the data. The static data may be received before or after the user arrives at the associated event. [0039] After receiving the static event data, the microprocessor 220 generates the user interface 242 to present at least some of the static event data. In particular implementations, user interface 242 is an interactive, graphics-based user interface. The user interface may be generated automatically, in response to a signal indicating an appropriate user command, or otherwise. The user interface may then be displayed to a user using display device 240. [0040] Microprocessor 220 also may detect a signal indicating a request to alter the user interface. Such a signal is usually generated in response to a user command. If such a signal is detected, the microprocessor updates the user interface. Updating the user interface, which may include generating another user interface, may include replacing a portion of the user interface, replacing several portions of a user interface, replacing all portions of the user interface, replacing part of the information in the user interface, replacing all of the information in the user interface, or otherwise. [0041] Microprocessor 220 also determines whether wireless transceiver 230 detects a wireless network. The wireless network may be a Bluetooth� network, an IEEE 802.11 network, or any other appropriate type of wireless network. If wireless transceiver 230 detects a wireless network, microprocessor 220 determines whether the wireless network is for the event associated with the static event data. Microprocessor 220 may make this determination by comparing an identifier for the wireless network to an identifier with the static event data, for example. If the wireless network is for the event, the interface device establishes a wireless network session. Establishing a wireless network session may entail registering the mobile user interface device, validating the mobile user interface device, negotiating channels, negotiating access times, determining service levels for the mobile user interface device, and/or any other appropriate functions for establishing a wireless network session. [0042] Once the wireless network session is established, microprocessor 220 determines whether dynamic data for the event has been received. Dynamic event data, for example, may be current statistics, status, or any other appropriate information regarding event participants. The data may be sent automatically by the wireless network, perhaps using push techniques, requested automatically by the mobile user interface device, or otherwise. After receiving dynamic event data, microprocessor 220 determines whether the data is to be displayed. Determining whether the data is to be displayed may be accomplished, for example, by determining whether the mobile user interface device currently needs to display the data. If the data is to be displayed, microprocessor 220 updates the user interface, which may include generating a user interface. But if the data is not to be displayed, microprocessor 220 determines whether the data is not desired. Data may not be desired, for example, if the data is pushed to a mobile user interface device that has been instructed that a user does not want a certain type of data, if higher priority data is already occupying a large portion of a mobile user interface device's memory, or otherwise. If the data is not desired, the interface device discards the data. [0043] Microprocessor 220 also determines whether a signal indicating a request for dynamic event data has been detected. Such a signal is typically generated in response to a user command. A particularly useful application for this may be a request for a replay of an incident that just occurred. After detecting such a signal, the user interface device generates a wireless network message requesting the data. The message may then be sent to the wireless network. After receiving the data, the interface device determines whether the data is to be displayed by, for example, determining whether the mobile user interface device currently needs to display the data. If the data is to be displayed, the interface device updates the user interface. [0044]FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method 300 for providing static and dynamic event data. Method 300 illustrates the operations of a mobile user interface device similar to the mobile user interface device in FIG. 1. [0045] The method begins with the device determining whether static data for an event has been received (step 304). The data may include, for example, biographies, career statistics, and/or any other type of information about event participants. Receiving the data may be accomplished by receiving media, such as, for example, a CD-ROM or a smart card, containing the data, receiving the data through a download over a communication network, or otherwise. The static data may be received before or after the user arrives at the associated event. [0046] After receiving the static data, the device generates a user interface containing at least some of the static event data (step 306). The user interface may be a text-based user interface, a graphics-based user interface, or an interface having any other format for presenting information to a user. The user interface may be generated automatically, in response to a signal indicating an appropriate user command, or otherwise. The user interface then may be displayed to a user to present the static event data. [0047] The method continues with the device determining whether a signal indicating a request to alter the user interface has been detected (step 308). Such a signal is usually generated in response to a user command. If such a signal has been detected, the user interface is updated (step 312). Updating the user interface, which may include generating a user interface, may include, for example, replacing a portion of the user interface, replacing several portions of the user interface, replacing all portions of the user interface, replacing part of the information in the user interface, or replacing all of the information in the user interface. [0048] The device then determines whether a wireless network for the event has been detected (step 316). The wireless network may be a Bluetooth� network, an IEEE 802.11 network, or any other appropriate type of wireless network. The wireless network may be detected by receiving a wireless signal containing a recognized identifier for the wireless network for the event. If no wireless network for the event is detected, another determination is made as to whether a signal indicating a request to alter the user interface has been detected (step 308). [0049] If, however, the device detects a wireless network for the event, the device establishes a wireless network session (step 320). Establishing a wireless network session may include registering a mobile user interface device, validating the mobile user interface device, negotiating channels, negotiating access times, determining levels of service, and/or any other appropriate functions for establishing a wireless network session. Registering the mobile user interface device many include generating a wireless message containing a predefined event identifier. The predefined event identifier may identify the mobile user interface device, a user of the mobile user interface device, or other entity to an event wireless network. The predefined event identifier may be established with an event wireless network before or after arriving at the event. [0050] The device then determines whether dynamic data for the event has been received (step 324). Dynamic event data may be current statistics, status, or any other appropriate information regarding event participants. The data may be sent automatically by the wireless network, perhaps using push techniques, requested automatically by a mobile user interface device, requested in response to a user command, or otherwise. The data may be conveyed in any appropriate type of wireless message format. [0051] If dynamic event data has been received, the device determines whether the data is to be displayed (step 326). Determining whether the data is to be displayed may be accomplished, for example, by determining whether a mobile user interface device currently needs to display the data. If the data is to be displayed, the device updates the user interface (step 328). Updating the user interface, which may include generating a user interface, may include replacing all or part of the user interface. [0052] If, however, the data is not to be displayed, the device determines whether the data is undesired (step 330). Data may not be desired, for example, if it is pushed to a mobile user interface device that has been instructed that a user does not want a certain type of data, if higher priority data is already occupying a large portion of a mobile user interface device's memory, or otherwise. If the data is undesired, the device discards the data (step 332). If the data is not undesired, the device generates a notification that the data has been received (step 334). The notification may then be conveyed to a user�visually, audibly, or otherwise. [0053] The device then determines whether a signal indicating a request for dynamic event data has been received (step 336). Such a signal is typically generated in response to a user command. A particularly useful application for this may be a request for a replay of an event incident that just occurred. If such a signal has been detected, the device generates a wireless network message requesting the data (step 340) and waits to receive the data (step 344). After receiving the data, the device determines whether the data is to be displayed (step 348). The device may determine whether the data is to be displayed, for example, by determining whether the mobile user interface device currently needs to display the data. If the data is to be displayed, the device updates the user interface (step 352). [0054] The device determines whether a signal indicating a request to alter the user interface has been detected (step 356). Such a request is typically generated in response to a user command. If such a request has been received, the device updates the user interface (step 360). Updating the user interface may include displaying previously received, but undisplayed dynamic event data. [0055] The device then determines whether the wireless session is at an end (step 364). The device may determine whether the session is at an end, for example, by detecting a wireless network message indicating that the session has ended, by determining that a timeout has occurred, or otherwise. If the session is at an end, the method ends. If the session is not at an end, the device checks for additional dynamic event data (step 324). [0056] Although FIG. 3 illustrates one implementation of a method for providing static and dynamic event data, other implementations may include fewer, more, and/or a different arrangement of operations. For example, static event data may not be displayed until detection of the event wireless network or a user command to display the data. As another example, the mobile user interface device may not wait for requested dynamic event data, allowing other functions may be carried out until the data arrives. As a further example, the static and/or dynamic event data may continue to be displayed after the wireless network session has ended. As an additional example, the static event data may be received from the event wireless network. Thus, steps 304-312 may occur after function step 320. Furthermore, static event data may be sent to the mobile user interface device while sending dynamic event data. Moreover, the user interface may be generated with dynamic event data and/or static event data, and dynamic event data may be used to update and/or replace static data. As an additional example, a notification may does not necessarily need to be generated when dynamic data is received. As a further example, a wireless network message specifying a type of dynamic event data to be sent to the mobile user interface device may be generated. [0057]FIG. 4 illustrates a method 400 for providing static and dynamic event data. Method 400 may illustrate the operations for a wireless network similar to the wireless network in FIG. 1. [0058] Initially, the network waits to detect establishment of a wireless network session for an event (step 404). Detecting whether a wireless network session for an event being established may include, for example, detecting a wireless message indicating that a wireless network session is desired. [0059] The network then determines whether the wireless network session is authorized (step 406). Determining whether the wireless network session is authorized may, for example, be accomplished by examining an identifier in a wireless network message. The identifier may be associated with a mobile user interface device, a user of a mobile user interface device, or otherwise. The identifier may be received in response to a challenge by the wireless network and may be encrypted for additional network security. The identifier may be defined by the wireless network before detecting the establishment of the wireless network session for the event. [0060] If the wireless network session is not authorized, the method is at an end. If, however, the wireless network session is authorized, the network establishes a wireless network session (step 408). Establishing a wireless network session may include registering a mobile user interface device, negotiating channels, negotiating access times, determining the level of service required for the session, and/or any other appropriate functions for establishing a wireless network session. The wireless network session may be a Bluetooth� session, an IEEE 802.11 session, or any other appropriate type of wireless network session. [0061] The network then determines whether static event data should be sent (step 412). Static event data may be, for example, career statistics, biographies, or any other appropriate information regarding event participant. The network may determine whether static event data should be sent may be accomplished by receiving a wireless network message requesting static event data, receiving a signal indicating that a mobile user interface device does not have static event data, determining that a mobile user interface device has not previously accessed the wireless network for the associated event, or otherwise. If static event data is to be sent, the network retrieves static event data (step 416) and generates a wireless network message containing the data (step 420). The message may then be sent to a mobile user interface device. The static event data could come from the event provider, the event participants themselves, a conference or league in which the event participants are members, the event site operator, or otherwise. [0062] The network then determines whether dynamic event data should be sent (step 424). Dynamic event data may be, for example, event statistics and status for an event participant. The network may determine whether dynamic data should be sent, for example, by determining whether there is dynamic data available and whether a mobile user interface device desires the data. If dynamic event data should be sent, the network generates a wireless network message containing the data (step 428). The message may then be sent to a mobile user interface device. [0063] The network then determines whether a wireless network message requesting dynamic event data has been received (step 432). If a message requesting dynamic event data has been received, the network retrieves the requested data (step 436) and generates a wireless network message containing the data (step 440). Retrieving the requested data may include, for example, accessing a database of statistics related to the event, which are typically kept by official scorers for sporting events, or a database containing video clips of the event, which are often produced by a TV network televising the event. The message may then be sent to the mobile user interface device. [0064] The network then determines whether the wireless network session is at an end at (step 444). The network may determine whether the session is at an end, for example, by detecting a wireless network message indicating that the session has ended, by determining that a timeout has occurred, or otherwise. If the session is at an end, the method ends. If the session is not at an end, the network again determines whether to send dynamic event data (step 424). [0065] Although FIG. 4 illustrates one implementation of a method for providing static and dynamic event data, other implementations may include fewer, more, and/or a different arrangement of operations. For example, static event data may not be sent to a mobile user interface device by a wireless network. Moreover, there may be no static event data for a wireless network to send. Thus, steps 412-420 may be eliminated. As another example, dynamic data may not be sent to a mobile user interface device unless requested, and steps 424-428 may be eliminated. As a further example, data about other events may be received and a wireless message to carry this data to a mobile user interface device may be generated and sent. As an additional example, a wireless network message specifying types of dynamic data to be sent may be received and acted upon. As another example, static event data may be requested and received from the wireless network. [0066]FIG. 5 illustrates a user interface 500 that presents static and dynamic event data for a user of a mobile user interface device. As illustrated, user interface 500 presents static and dynamic event data regarding an event participant. [0067] In more detail, user interface 500 includes a portion 520, a portion 530, a portion 540, a potion 550, and a portion 560. Portion 520 includes a picture of a participant in an event that the spectator is attending. The picture may be taken before or during the event and, hence, may be static or dynamic event data. Portion 530 presents static event data in the form of background textual information about the participant. Portion 540 presents career statistics for the participant, and portion 550 presents current event statistics for the participant. Thus, portion 540 presents static event data, and portion 550 presents dynamic event data. Portion 560 presents status information regarding the participant and, accordingly, may contain static and/or dynamic event data. Note that dynamic event data may be updated as the event progresses. [0068] At the bottom of user interface 500 are several buttons 570 that may be activated to obtain different data. Button 570 a allows a user to indicate that he wishes to return to the previous screen presented by the user interface. Button 570 b allows a user to request more data regarding the currently-displayed participant. Button 570 c allows a user to request data regarding the participant's team. Button 570 d allows a user to request data regarding the event itself. Activation of any of buttons 570 may lead to the replacement of one or more portions 520-560, the replacement of information in one or more of the portions, or other results. [0069] Although user interface 500 illustrates one implementation of a user interface presenting static and dynamic event data, other implementations may contain, less, more, and/or a different arrangement of information. For example, the picture in portion 520 may be replaced by a video clip of the participant. In addition, any of portions 520-560 may be deleted, and any assortment of buttons may be used. As a further example, each of portions 520-560 may have buttons so that actions associated therewith may be undertaken. [0070] A number of implementations have been described. It should be understood, however, that other implementations are within the scope of the following claims. Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS7159768 *Mar 19, 2004Jan 9, 2007Microsoft CorporationStoring account information with related data in a common storeUS7363420 *Dec 15, 2003Apr 22, 2008Nortel Networks LimitedMethod and file structures for managing data on a flash diskUS7729689 *Jul 13, 2006Jun 1, 2010International Business Machines CorporationMobile wireless device adaptation based on abstracted contectual situation of user using near-field communications and information collectorsUS7933964Aug 31, 2006Apr 26, 2011Microsoft CorporationShell sessionsUS7933986Aug 31, 2006Apr 26, 2011Microsoft CorporationTransferring command-lines as a messageUS8090838Aug 31, 2006Jan 3, 2012Microsoft CorporationShell operation flow changeUS8108795 *Jan 11, 2007Jan 31, 2012Yahoo! Inc.System and method for the visualization of sports informationUS8150960 *Nov 23, 2005Apr 3, 2012Microsoft CorporationEvent forwardingUS8327289Feb 21, 2005Dec 4, 2012Qualcomm IncorporatedLayered user interfaceUS8434016Feb 21, 2005Apr 30, 2013Qualcomm IncorporatedVirtual file systemUS8601089 *Aug 5, 2004Dec 3, 2013Mlb Advanced Media, L.P.Media play of selected portions of an eventUS8745489Aug 31, 2006Jun 3, 2014Microsoft CorporationShell input/output segregationWO2006062621A2 *Oct 31, 2005Jun 15, 2006Motorola IncFormulating and sending a message by a personal messaging device* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification709/227, 713/164International ClassificationH04W92/08, H04W4/12, H04M1/725Cooperative ClassificationH04M1/72519, H04W4/12, H04W92/08European ClassificationH04M1/725F, H04W4/12Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionApr 17, 2003ASAssignmentOwner name: ELECTRONIC DATA SYSTEMS CORPORATION, TEXASFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ST. PETERS, JAY R.;HUNT, GERALD P.;REEL/FRAME:013967/0090Effective date: 20030321RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google


text:
Words that end in epah | Words ending in epah
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/words-that-end-in-epah
Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary 10,132,632,039 visitors served
Words that end in epah
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type: global

value: This website is an American online dictionary and encyclopedia that aggregates information from various sources.


text: Translations English (3) Russian (2) Afrikaans (1) Bulgarian (1) Chinese (1) French (1) German (1) Japanese (1) Ukrainian (1) Vietnamese (1) License OSI-Approved Open Source (4) GNU General Public License version 2.0 (2) GNU Library or Lesser General Public License version 2.0 (2) Apache License V2.0 (1) Open Software License 3.0 (1) PHP License (1) Qt Public License (1) University of Illinois/NCSA Open Source License (1) Creative Commons Attribution License (1) Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike License V3.0 (1) Programming Language JavaScript (3) C++ (2) PHP (2) Unix Shell (2) ASP.NET (1) C (1) COBOL (1) Delphi/Kylix (1) Python (1) Status 2 - Pre-Alpha (2) 1 - Planning (1) 3 - Alpha (1) 4 - Beta (1) 5 - Production/Stable (1) 6 - Mature (1) 7 - Inactive (1) OS Grouping and Descriptive Categories (4) All BSD Platforms (2) All POSIX (2) OS Independent (2) All 32-bit MS Windows (1) Mac (4) Linux (3) Windows (3) BSD (2) Modern (2) Linux (2) Other Operating Systems (2) BSD/OS (1) Console-based Platforms (1) GNU Hurd (1) Other (1) Top Apps

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Chalk Lettering lesson calligraphy lesson calligraphy | Etsy
chalk lettering lesson, learn lettering, calligraphy book, hand lettering, chalk lessons, chalk book, lettering tutorial, calligraphy tutorial, chalk starter, learn calligraphy, diy chalk chalk writing
It's finally here!! 26 years in the making.
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You can see lots of my work www.moniquechalkart.com
This is an instant download book ready to print as you go for practice step by step.
All materials (not many) are listed in detail.
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This is STRICTLY for personal use only. It may NOT be shared, copied, published or sold without my written permission copyright Monique Chalk Art 2016.
kisst1naf 16 Nov, 2019
Love her work!! Cutest woodland forest animals on Etsy!
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Peculiar Treasures: A Biblical Who's Who book | 1 available editions | Alibris Books
Books Religion Prayer Peculiar Treasures: A Biblical Who's Who
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Starting at $0.99	The Book of Buechner: A Journey Through His Writings
Starting at $2.29	The Hungering Dark

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Patent US5862267 - Method and apparatus for locating data regions in stored images of symbols - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsA method and apparatus locates a periphery or "bounding box" of an image of a symbol located within an image stored by a reader. The symbol preferably has a recognition pattern with an longitudinally extending bar and at least one vertically extending reference bar, such as in the Code One symbology....http://www.google.com/patents/US5862267?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5862267 - Method and apparatus for locating data regions in stored images of symbolsAdvanced Patent SearchTry the new Google Patents, with machine-classified Google Scholar results, and Japanese and South Korean patents.Publication numberUS5862267 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 08/571,257Publication dateJan 19, 1999Filing dateDec 11, 1995Priority dateDec 11, 1995Fee statusLapsedPublication number08571257, 571257, US 5862267 A, US 5862267A, US-A-5862267, US5862267 A, US5862267AInventorsLingnan LiuOriginal AssigneeIntermec Ip Corp.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (10), Non-Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (23), Classifications (6), Legal Events (6) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMethod and apparatus for locating data regions in stored images of symbols
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4988852 *Mar 19, 1990Jan 29, 1991Teknekron Transportation Systems, Inc.Bar code readerUS5155343 *Mar 28, 1990Oct 13, 1992Chandler Donald GOmnidirectional bar code reader with method and apparatus for detecting and scanning a bar code symbolUS5304787 *Jun 1, 1993Apr 19, 1994Metamedia CorporationLocating 2-D bar codesUS5319181 *Mar 16, 1992Jun 7, 1994Symbol Technologies, Inc.Method and apparatus for decoding two-dimensional bar code using CCD/CMD cameraUS5324923 *May 7, 1991Jun 28, 1994International Data Matrix, Inc.Apparatus for producing a dynamically variable machine readable binary code and method for reading and producing thereofUS5378881 *May 28, 1993Jan 3, 1995Olympus Optical Co., Ltd.Bar code reader for accurately reading two-dimensional bar code imagesUS5378883 *Jul 19, 1991Jan 3, 1995Omniplanar Inc.Omnidirectional wide range hand held bar code readerUS5454054 *Apr 14, 1992Sep 26, 1995Casio Computer Co., Ltd.Method and apparatus for recording/reproducing mesh pattern dataEP0449634A2 *Mar 28, 1991Oct 2, 1991Omniplanar, Inc.Omnidirectional bar code readerEP0450878A1 *Mar 28, 1991Oct 9, 1991Omniplanar, Inc.Bar code reader* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1"Uniform Symbology Specification Code One," AIM USA, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Jul. 1994, pp. 1-32.2Palmer, Roger C., "The Bar Code Book, Reading, Printing, and Specification of Bar Code Symbols," Helmers Publishing, Inc., Peterborough, New Hampshire, 1989, pp. 19-20, 61-62, 90-95, 137-148.3 *Palmer, Roger C., The Bar Code Book, Reading, Printing, and Specification of Bar Code Symbols, Helmers Publishing, Inc., Peterborough, New Hampshire, 1989, pp. 19 20, 61 62, 90 95, 137 148.4Pavlidis, Theo et al., "Information Encoding with Two-Dimensional Bar Codes," Symbol Technologies, Bohemia, NY, Jun. 1992, pp. 18-28.5 *Pavlidis, Theo et al., Information Encoding with Two Dimensional Bar Codes, Symbol Technologies, Bohemia, NY, Jun. 1992, pp. 18 28.6 *Uniform Symbology Specification Code One, AIM USA, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Jul. 1994, pp. 1 32.* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS6674919Sep 21, 1999Jan 6, 2004Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Method for determining the skew angle of a two-dimensional barcodeUS7412089May 23, 2006Aug 12, 2008Nextcode CorporationEfficient finder patterns and methods for application to 2D machine vision problemsUS7878402Dec 20, 2005Feb 1, 2011Cognex Technology And Investment CorporationDecoding distorted symbolsUS7965899Jun 21, 2011Gognex Technology and Investment CorporationMethods for locating and decoding distorted two-dimensional matrix symbolsUS8191784Aug 16, 2007Jun 5, 2012Direct Measurements, Inc.High density, rectangular binary code symbolUS8270749Jun 20, 2011Sep 18, 2012Cognex Technology And Investment CorporationMethod for locating and decoding distorted two-dimensional matrix symbolsUS8322620Dec 4, 2012Cognex Technology And Investment CorporationDecoding distorted symbolsUS8322627Aug 16, 2007Dec 4, 2012Direct Measurements, Inc.Nested binary code symbolUS8347727Aug 16, 2007Jan 8, 2013Direct Measurements, Inc.Multi-format, binary code symbol for non-linear strain measurementUS8366011Feb 5, 2013Direct Measurements, Inc.Two dimensional bar code having increased accuracyUS8459567Jun 11, 2013Direct Measurements, Inc.Non-linear strain gage incorporating a nested binary code symbolUS8628023Aug 16, 2007Jan 14, 2014Direct Measurements, Inc.Augmented binary code symbolUS8682077Jun 11, 2010Mar 25, 2014Hand Held Products, Inc.Method for omnidirectional processing of 2D images including recognizable charactersUS20060269136 *May 23, 2006Nov 30, 2006Nextcode CorporationEfficient finder patterns and methods for application to 2D machine vision problemsUS20090003722 *Jul 3, 2008Jan 1, 2009Cognex CorporationMethods for locating and decoding distorted two-dimensional matrix symbolsUS20090090781 *Dec 20, 2005Apr 9, 2009Xiangyun YeDecoding distorted symbolsUS20090306910 *Aug 16, 2007Dec 10, 2009Gregory L HovisHigh density, rectangular binary code symbolUS20090312961 *Aug 17, 2007Dec 17, 2009Gregory HovisMulti-format,binary code symbol for non-linear strain measurementUS20090326836 *Aug 16, 2007Dec 31, 2009Gregory L HovisTwo dimensional bar code having increased accuracyUS20100072288 *Aug 16, 2007Mar 25, 2010Gregory HovisAugmented binary code symbolUS20110049250 *Aug 16, 2007Mar 3, 2011Gregory HovisNested binary code symbolUS20110101101 *May 5, 2011Xiangyun YeDecoding distorted symbolsWO2008021458A2 *Aug 16, 2007Feb 21, 2008Gregory HovisTwo dimensional bar code having increased accuracy* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification382/291, 382/183, 235/462.01International ClassificationG06K9/20Cooperative ClassificationG06K9/00463European ClassificationG06K9/00L3Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionOct 9, 1998ASAssignmentOwner name: INTERMEC IP CORPORATION, CALIFORNIAFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:INTERMEC TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:009506/0247Effective date: 19980908Jan 29, 2002FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Feb 7, 2006FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Aug 23, 2010REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedJan 19, 2011LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesMar 8, 2011FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 20110119RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services

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text:
I have some H.264-encoded videos which render in HTML5 correctly in the web browser, but do not render correctly on the iPad. When I use a H.264 video I downloaded off the internet, my video renders correctly on the iPad, so it is not an HTML problem.
HTML5 video player doesn't work on iPad/iPhone

value: This website is a question and answer website for professional and enthusiast programmers. It is the flagship site of the Stack Exchange Network, created in 2008 by Jeff Atwood and Joel Spolsky.


text: Home Appliances Kitchen Appliances Griddles & Skillets (Powered) Griddles & Skillets > Refine Price $ to $ Go Top brands George Foreman Grills Oster Store availability Sort Best sellers Price: low to high Price: high to low Highest rating New $29.96 Oster 16" x10" Electric Mini Griddle 5.0 stars (11) ratings Try unlimited 2-day shipping FREE for 30 days See details | Sign up Free shipping on orders over $50 $33.75 List price $39.99 Save $6.24 George Foreman Quesadilla Maker 4.0 stars (242) ratings Try unlimited 2-day shipping FREE for 30 days See details | Sign up Free shipping on orders over $50 Free store pickup 1 Showing 2 of 2 results Shipping & Pickup Show all Ship to Home FREE Pickup Category Electric Grills Electric Griddles Waffle Irons Sandwich & Panini Makers Griddles Grills Griddles & Skillets (Powered) Panini Makers Countertop Microwaves Food Warmers Pancake & Doughnut Makers Other Grill Accessories Other Barbecue Grills Cookware Sets Air Filters Charcoal Grills Crepe Makers Gas Grills Other Hob Pots & Pans Specialty Bakeware See more categories Brand George Foreman Grills Oster Color Black Red Price $ to $ Go $0 - $15 $15 - $20 $20 - $25 $25 - $50 $50 - $75 $75+ Customer Rating 4.0 stars & Up Retailer Walmart.com Popular in Griddles & Skillets (Powered) Griddles & Skillets Belgian Waffle Maker Electric Grill Griddle Kitchen Grills Panini Press Sandwich Makers George Foreman Indoor Grills Electric Grills Griddles & Hot Plates Removable Plate Grills Stainless Steel Electric Skillets Compute- app-4983975-1-77778955, DC- prod-dfw1, ENV- prod-a, Ver- 47.0.0, SHA- 330b6d8b7fe1b5e8da2ce298fce537e03580ccc1, Log- 9293e4f6-2f40b-1576d83c76e000 Site Information Be the first to save! Email Address Sign up Privacy Policy Stay connected Mobile apps Help Feedback MoneyCenter Privacy & Security CA Privacy Rights Terms of Use Walmart services See All Services Walmart MoneyCenter Walmart Credit Card Product Care Plans Walmart Pay Get to know us About Walmart.com Corporate Suppliers Marketplace Careers @WalmartLabs Walmart.com Terms of Use About Our Ads Affiliate Program CA Privacy Rights Privacy & Security Customer service Returns Policy Product Recalls Int’l Customers Tax Exempt Program Contact Us Feedback Store Pickup In the spotlight Expand Baby Cribs Strollers Diapers Baby Feeding Car Seats Expand Electronics Cut the Cable Computers TVs iPads & Tablets Expand Fitness Exercise Machines Vitamins Ellipticals Treadmills Fitbit Expand Keep Cool Air Conditioners Fans Swimming Pools Pool Toys Popular Products Expand International Sites Argentina Brazil Canada Chile China Japan Mexico United Kingdom © Walmart Stores, Inc. To ensure we’re able to help you as best we can, please include your reference number: Ref:

value: This website is an American multinational retail corporation that operates a chain of hypermarkets , discount department stores, and grocery stores from the United States, headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas.


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Video: Kentucky week, players talkChris Price11/22/2010Veteran Vols talk about their time on Rocky Top coming to a close as the team prepares for the Kentucky Wildcats. Be sure to come to InsideTennessee.com for all your Vol video coverage.Gerald Jones
Share on Facebook Share on TwitterTrending on ScoutAmira 'Mimi' Collins verbals to Lady VolsNo. 4 OT Trey Smith Picks TennesseeButch Jones gets his 'guy' yet againMimi Collins: 'I have made my decision'IT's Take: Vols move above .500Scout's Take: Vols Keep Elite OL Home Full StoryInside Tennessee Top StoriesMimi Collins: 'I have made my decision'2018 post commits to Lady Vols on Jolette Law's birthday as present to assistant coachby Maria M. CorneliusInside TennesseeYesterday at 6:08 PMScout's Take: Vols snag 'aggressive' LB ReidLet Scout's InsideTennessee educate you on what Tennessee's football future looks like with first-hand analysis of Vols commits. Here's a breakdown of linebacker Shanon Reid.by Danny ParkerInside TennesseeYesterday at 2:45 PMBreaking NewsAmira 'Mimi' Collins verbals to Lady VolsElite post first commit from Class of 2018 for Tennesseeby Maria M. CorneliusInside TennesseeYesterday at 2:39 PMBreaking NewsReid Says Yes to Butch Jones and TennesseeBig-time Sunshine State linebacker, Shanon Reid, just verbally committed to Tennessee and goes in-depth about the decision with Scout.by Corey BenderScout FootballYesterday at 11:22 AMIgnont solid to Vols, but LSU hanging aroundMONTGOMERY, Ala. -- Scout caught up with linebacker Will Ignont during his unique week of work at the Alabama-Mississippi All-Star Game.by John Garcia, Jr.Scout FootballYesterday at 10:38 AMIT's Take: Vols move above .500The Vols move to above .500 for the first time in this young season with a 90-50 thrashing of Presbyterian.by Scott HallInside TennesseeTuesday at 6:22 PMEast's No. 16 DE sets four OVsSince decommitting from Virginia last month, several schools have reached out to Alexandria (Va.) St. Stephens & St. Agnes defensive end Ryan Thaxton.

value: This website is an integrated sports publishing company that produces Internet content covering hundreds of professional and college teams across America. The company was founded in 2001 and was acquired by Fox Sports in 2005.


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12946 54 St NW,
Action Moving is a family owned and operated business, offering residential, commercial and office moves. Action Moving has been in the moving industry since 1988, under the same management. Action Moving uses fully equipped 3,5, and 7 ton trucks. Request a Quote
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Principal: Darek Wojtalik, Owner
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text:
Words containing eteropelm | Words that contain eteropelm
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/words-containing-eteropelm
Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary 10,886,332,938 visitors served
Found 1 words containing eteropelm. Browse our Scrabble Word Finder, Words With Friends cheat dictionary, and WordHub word solver to find words that contain eteropelm. Or use our Unscramble word solver to find your best possible play!
13 letter words containing eteropelmSee also
13 letter words containing eteropelm


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Rushton Hall Hotel and Spa, Aug 2016 (England) - Hotel Reviews - TripAdvisor
“A very warm welcome from receptionist, who took...”
“What a place. We loved it, so relaxing. We stayed...”
“I had heard about this hotel from a friend who...”
“I stay in hotels for business circa 160 nights a...”
“We went there to celebrate amongst 24 friends...”
“Me and my fiancee have just arrived back from a...”
“On driving through the gates to Rushton you are...”
“I stayed with my wife at Rushton Hall for the...”
596 more photos Hotel & Grounds (120)View album Room/Suite (68)View album View from Room (24)View album View All Photos Professional photosTraveler photos (578)Panoramas (25)View Map
Delete Rushton Hall Hotel and Spa from My Saves You added Rushton Hall Hotel and Spa to your Saves list Rooms & rates for Rushton Hall Hotel and Spa We're finding you the best rooms at the lowest prices from our partner.Book on Check In Check Out 1 room 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms 2 guests 1 guest 2 guests 3 guests 4 guests 5 guests 6 guests 7 guests 8 guests 9 guests 10 guests 11 guests 12 guests 13 guests 14 guests 15 guests 16 guests 17 guests 18 guests 19 guests 20 guests 21 guests 22 guests 23 guests 24 guests 25 guests 26 guests 27 guests 28 guests 29 guests 30 guests 31 guests 32 guests 4Standard Room Getting you more information on this room See More Free Cancellation Best Price /night taxes & fees Select Show available rooms for Rushton Hall Hotel and Spa You can see room offers from our travel partners starting at *, or change dates. There are no rooms available to book this property on TripAdvisor from – .
Prices from our travel partners are not available for – . View all Rushton hotels with availability or change your dates.
4Standard Room Getting you more information on this room See More Free Cancellation Best Price /night taxes & fees Select Check In Check Out 1 room 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms 2 guests 1 guest 2 guests 3 guests 4 guests 5 guests 6 guests 7 guests 8 guests 9 guests 10 guests 11 guests 12 guests 13 guests 14 guests 15 guests 16 guests 17 guests 18 guests 19 guests 20 guests 21 guests 22 guests 23 guests 24 guests 25 guests 26 guests 27 guests 28 guests 29 guests 30 guests 31 guests 32 guests Show Room Prices {"BOOKING_FEATURES": ["IB_SPLIT_BOOKNOW_LIGHTBOX_SELECT_CTA","IB_POST_BOOKING_LOGIN_US","IB_BOOKNOW_COUNTRY_CODE","IB_SHOW_EMAIL_FOR_INSECURE_LOGIN","IB_POST_BOOKING_LOGIN","IB_IRG_PERFORMANCE_METRICS","MOB_BOOKING_EMAIL_AGREE_HIDE","IB_ROOM_DETAILS_CAROUSEL","IB_BEST_PRICE_GUARANTEED","IB_DW_INLINE_PASSWORD","IB_CLARIFY_BOOKING","HR_IB_EXCLUDE_TAXES_AND_FEES","IB_DW_CCNAME_WITH_AUTOCOMPLETE","IB_ANCHOR_RIGHT_RAIL","STORED_CARDS","IB_PRICE_WINS_COPY","IB_AMAZON_PROMO","IB_DW_PROMPT_KNOWN_EMAIL","IB_PRICES_OUTSIDE_ROOM_BUTTON","IB_URGENCY_TEXT","IB_WIDER_FORM_AND_RAIL","IB_LOAD_IRG_ON_IB_OFFER","IB_EXIT_INTERRUPTER","IB_INLINE_ROOM_GRID_CANCELLATION_POLICY_HOVER","IB_SHOW_AMENITIES_AS_ICONS","IB_SPLIT_BOOKNOW_LIGHTBOX","IB_CLARIFY_BOOKING_REDUCED_FIELDS","IB_NEW_REG_FLOW","META_AIR","IB_INLINE_ROOM_GRID","IBEX_MULTI_PHOTO_VIEWER","IBEX_HIGH_EQUITY_BRANDING","IB_KIPLINGER_AWARD","IB_URGENCY_BLOCK"] , "IMPRESSION_KEY": "b79995499031462794265d8d456b27d8", "roomSelectionModel": null, "ibAvailability": false, "metaAvailability": false, "numHacTries": -1, "checkIn": null, "checkOut": null, "lowestPrice": null, "hasDates": null, "hacComplete": false, "contentIdMappings": {}, "pollingEnabled": false, "preventScroll": false, "offerClickToken": null, "divClasses": "ppr_rup ppr_priv_ibex_inline_room_grid", "useMediumPhotos": true, "maxRoomsToShow": 300, "isTablet": false, "isAndroidTablet": false, "deviceInfo": "OtherOS OtherBrowser", "bookOnTripAdvisor": "Book on <img class=\"ibHeaderImg\" alt=\"TripAdvisor\" src=\"https:\/\/static.tacdn.com\/img2\/branding\/hotels\/sherpa-TA.png\"\/>"} *Disclaimer: Prices above are the average nightly price provided by partners and may not include all taxes and fees. Taxes and fees displayed, if applicable, are estimates only. Please see further details from our partners, who set the prices. Before you complete any reservation, we recommend that you verify the total cost including taxes and fees. {"containerClass":null,"widget":{"name":"ibex_photo_carousel","moduleList":["handlers","shims"],"js":{"handlers":"(ta.prwidgets.getjs(this,'handlers'))","shims":"(ta.prwidgets.getjs(this,'shims'))"},"template":"ibex_photo_carousel__widget","dust":{"nav_controls":"ibex_photo_carousel__nav_controls"},"divClasses":"prw_rup prw_ibex_photo_carousel"}}
1,020 Reviews from our TripAdvisor Community Read reviews that mention: All reviews afternoon tea
There are newer reviews for Rushton Hall Hotel and Spa See the most recent reviews Showing 1,016:
reviews Clear all Anne D
14 helpful votes “Superb hotel and spa”
This hotel is fantastic, great spa and treatments.
My massage and facial were the best I have had at any spa
The restaurant food is delicious and the flavour combinations unusual and pleasing on the palate.
Definitely a place I would recommend 10 out 10!
Thank Anne D Report Lee H
27 helpful votes “A mixed experience”
The building is wonderful, the grounds are very nice. The staff are helpful and really also very good but the experience is a mixed one with some things really not as good as they should be. I do not wish to dwell on the bad points to much as there are also many good points but I will mention them...
Thank Lee H Report LesleyandGeoff
Our family of six adults stayed overnight at Rushton Hall & Spa hotel and we had an excellent time.
The service was very good. Every single member of staff was friendly, courteous, helpful and knowledgeable.
I do have to make a special mention to Tyrone Robinson in the Great Hall who couldn’t do enough for us, also the staff at...
Thank LesleyandGeoff Report captainbe
You only have to see the pictures to see what a lovely place this is and it is just as beautiful inside. This was one of three hotels in three nights to celebrate my wife's birthday. The dinner was excellent (if a little pricey) - the wine list not as expensive as I thought it might be with a number...
Thank captainbe Report Louise D
17 helpful votes “So disappointed on our engagement weekend.”
We stayed here recently the weekend of our engagement. My (now) fiance proposed on the way that morning and took me there for the night. He had rang the week before and booked the best room (which was a beautiful room at the front of the hotel) and asked for champagne and flowers in the room, I obviously had no...
Thank Louise D Report musicstar726
Stayed here recently for one night with my husband. Room was clean and nicely decorated, bathroom was spotless.
Spa and pool area were clean and at a suitable temperature.
We did not eat in the restaurant so cannot comment on this but we did have a lovely cooked breakfast in bed, it was perfectly cooked and arrived at exactly the...
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1 review 1 helpful vote “Ruston hotel ”
Me and my partner had an excellent time here. The food was amazing the staff were so helpful especially Tyrone Robinson (manager) the rooms were high class standard, very clean and spacious! I would defo recommend this to anyone who is going away for a couples night/weekend.
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Booked two rooms through Secret Escapes for B&B, for my elderly parents and myself and my sister. I rang ahead to request a double and a twin, that we wanted the rooms together and also to let them know my dad would be in a wheelchair. Staff were very helpful and put us in two lovely rooms. We had treatments...
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68 helpful votes “Expensive Dinner”
When it came to dinner we had booked for 1930 and were told to be ready at 1915 in the bar. The table we first sat at was filthy it had...
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Level Contributor 24 reviews 12 helpful votes “Gorgeous.”
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Patent US5439586 - Magnetic filter with ordered wire array - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsA device for separating magnetic materials from non-magnetic materials in a sample using an applied magnetic field includes an inverted upstream funnel containing a plurality of longitudinally spaced, non-magnetisable flow-smoothing surfaces extending transversely across the width of the funnel, a coaxial...http://www.google.com/patents/US5439586?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5439586 - Magnetic filter with ordered wire arrayAdvanced Patent SearchTry the new Google Patents, with machine-classified Google Scholar results, and Japanese and South Korean patents.Publication numberUS5439586 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 08/121,098Publication dateAug 8, 1995Filing dateSep 15, 1993Priority dateSep 15, 1993Fee statusPaidPublication number08121098, 121098, US 5439586 A, US 5439586A, US-A-5439586, US5439586 A, US5439586AInventorsAdrian J. Richards, Peter M. LansdorpOriginal AssigneeThe Terry Fox Laboratory Of The British Columbia Cancer Agnecy, The University Of SouthamptonExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (15), Non-Patent Citations (41), Referenced by (26), Classifications (12), Legal Events (7) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMagnetic filter with ordered wire array
Inverted conical funnel 14 expands and uniformly distributes the flow of fluid applied to the filter device 10, to give laminar flow and a uniform transverse velocity profile. The fluid enters device 10 at input opening 20 and flows downwardly in the direction of gravity G as shown by arrow V through upstream funnel 14. A plurality of longitudinally spaced upstream flow smoothing meshes 22 are mounted transversely across upstream funnel 14. Flow smoothing meshes 22 distribute the fluid uniformly outwardly as the cross-section of upstream funnel 14 expands. Meshes 22 preferably comprise woven, non-magnetisable wires 36 having a preferably circular cross-section. Wires 36 are preferably non-magnetic stainless steel wires having a diameter of 160 μm, and are spaced a minimum of 200 μm apart (38 gauge/70 mesh). Each smoothing mesh 22 is preferably rotated 45� relative to the previous mesh 22. Alternatively, thin plates with a multiplicity of uniformly distributed apertures therein could be used in place of meshes 22.
Upstream funnel 14 preferably has an inside surface which is highly polished to a smooth and continuous surface. In a preferred embodiment, inverted conical funnel 14 is made of Perspex™ plastic, has a height of 63 mm and a total included angle of 16.2�, large end diameter of 21 mm, and includes a minimum of 13 flow smoothing meshes 22, spaced longitudinally approximately 5 mm apart.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, magnetisable wires 27 have silicone coating 30, with a thickness of a few percent of the diameter of magnetisable wires 27. Silicone coating 30 acts to crosslink magnetisable wires 27 at junctions 28, thereby preventing distortion of meshes 26 due to fluid flow and applied magnetic field B. Silicone coating 30 is preferably applied when magnetisable wires 27 have a diameter of less than 100 μm. In one embodiment, silicone coating 30 comprises Dow Corning 1107 fluid, and it is applied to magnetisable wires 27 by dipping them in a solution of 1% v/v solution in acetone. The acetone is then allowed to evaporate, and the silicone coating is heat cured at approximately 130� C.
Alternatively, the ordered wire array could be reoriented so that the magnetisable wires are either exclusively along the length of the filter or both transversely and lengthwise through the filter. In these cases, it would be best if the magnetic field was directed transversely across the filter, i.e. 90� to the magnetic field direction shown in FIG. 1. Thus the applied magnetic field would be perpendicular to the magnetisable wire length.
The sample containing the preselected protein or cells is reacted with the antibody complexes so that the preselected protein or cells present in the sample bind to the antibody complexes to form conjugates of the selected protein or cells and the antibody complexes. The reaction conditions are selected to provide the desired level of binding of the protein or cells and the antibody complexes. Where it is intended to separate a subpopulation of selected cells it is preferred that a sample of cells or enriched sample having a concentration of about (1-5)�107 cells/ml, is incubated with antibody complexes having a concentration in the range of about 0.001 to 10.0 μg/ml, preferably 0.01 to 1.0 μg/ml, for a period of about 30 minutes, at a temperature of about 4� C. A sample of cells containing complexes is then reacted with the magnetic or highly magnetisable particles to produce magnetically labelled cells or proteins in the sample. In one embodiment, a sample of cells containing complexes having a concentration of about 0.2-1.0�108 cells/ml is reacted with a ferrofluid, preferably magnetic dextran-Fe particles (OD450 nm=0.01-0.1) for a period of about 30 minutes, at a temperature of about 4� C.
The sample containing the magnetically labelled materials is passed through a filter device of the invention in the presence of a magnetic field using the procedures outlined in detail above. In a preferred embodiment for separating preselected cells from a biological sample, a sample containing magnetically labelled cells and having a concentration of between about 4�106 to 2�108 cells/ml is passed at 0.5 ml/min through a filter of about 1.5 to 3 ml. The magnetically labelled conjugates are retained in the high gradient magnetic filter and the materials which are not magnetically labelled flow through the filter after washing with a buffer. A "purified" fraction containing the magnetically labelled cells is recovered by turning off the electromagnet. A "purified" cell fraction may be further analyzed using procedures such as flow cytometryanalysis. Dead cells may be identified using propidium iodide.
Submicron magnetic particles were prepared in a similar manner to that described by Molday and MacKenzie. (U.S. Pat. No. 4,452,773; J. Immunol. Methods 52: 353, 1982). Briefly, ten grams of Dextran T40 (Pharmacia. Uppsala. Sweden), 1.5 g FeCl3 -6H2 O and 0.64 g FeCl2 -4H2 O were dissolved in 20 ml H2 O and heated to 40� C. The solution was continually stirred as 10 ml 4N NaOH was slowly added and the mixture heated to 70� C. for 5 min. The particle suspension was neutralized by adding acetic acid (glacial). Aggregates were removed by centrifuging at 1000 g for 5 min., then filtering through coarse Whatman filter paper followed by a 0.2 μm Millipore filter. Free excess dextran was removed from the magnetic particles by HGMS with a simple filter which consisted of a column (3 cc disposable syringe) packed (17%w/v) with fine (0.025 mm) stainless steel wire (AIS1302. Goodfellow Metals Ltd., Cambridge). Bubble formation around the stainless steel wire was prevented by initially filling the filter with 70%w/v ethanol followed by extensive washing with water and phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The suspension of dextran and iron was passed through the filter in a magnetic field of 1.0 Tesla generated by an electromagnet. Washed magnetic particles were eluted in PBS and the optical density (OD) at 450 nm was recorded. These dextraniron colloidal particles were stable in suspension at 4� C. for several months.
The layers of mesh making up the wire array were across the cross section of the filter chamber, parallel to the ends of the filter. The knitmesh wire array was constructed using a board with two upright pins in it, upon which successive layers of the mesh were impaled. Each layer of mesh was rotated 90� and flipped in relation to the previous layer. This was to ensure that no clear channels of fluid flow could occur through the wire array, i.e. no light could be seen through the array. After the requisite number of mesh layers had been placed on the pins, a filter chamber cross-section stencil was impaled on the pins. A pair of small sheet cutters was used to cut the mesh layers to form a cylindrical solid which became the wire array. It was desirable to minimize the wire array diameter to reduce the number of cells required in an experiment. A 21 mm diameter was the minimum that could be fabricated. The mesh layers were then secured together by a loop of 250 μm SS wire previously placed about the two impaling pins. The wire array was then siliconised and inserted in the filter chamber. For wire arrays of woven mesh: circular mesh pieces, stamped or cut out, were simply stacked while ensuring that there was no clear line of sight through the overall wire array. Wire arrays of various lengths were constructed, usually of longer length than that used in earlier work.
Wire arrays constructed of SS430 wire <100 μm diameter or not woven or knitted tend to experience some distortion from the fluid flow and the magnetic field with repeated use. To eliminate this problem the wires in the array were crosslinked to each other using a silicone coat. In addition, periodically through the wire array two 250 μm SS wires were placed across the cross-section of the filter chamber. The silicone coat was Dow Corning 1107 fluid (polymethyl hydrogen siloxane) as a 1% v/v solution in acetone. The wire array was dipped briefly in the solution, the acetone allowed to evaporate then the silicone heat cured (120�-150� C.) on the wires. The silicone coat thickness was only a few percent of the wire diameter. A brief comparison experiment between coated and un-coated wire arrays indicated that the silicone coat did not significantly affect; the magnetic separation process. All the filters here were siliconised. A single filter has been used for 43 individual separations without suffering any noticeable deterioration in its performance or appearance.
Conical funnels above and below the wire array were required. The perspex conical funnel produced was 63 mm long with a total included angle of 16.2�. The inside surface was polished to a mirror finish and the complete piece annealed at 60� C. to relieve surface strain and prevent cracking and crazing at the edges. An identical piece was manufactured to serve as the downstream conical funnel. The leading edges of the wire array cylinder and the downstream conical funnel were slightly chamfered so that no horizontal surfaces were presented and to aid in the continuity of the boundary layer.
Mononuclear cells were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy, consenting donors using Ficoll Hypaque as described previously (Wognum, A W., et al., Cytometry 8: 366, 1987). In most cases the cells were cryopreserved and magnetic separations were conducted with thawed cells, Cells were resuspended at 2�107 cells/ml in Hanks' Buffered Saline with 2% Fetal Calf Serum and 0.1% Sodium Azide (HFN) and incubated with anti-dextran�OKT5 tetrameric antibody complexes (0.5 μg OKT5/ml) on ice for 30 min. After one wash the cells were again resuspended at 2�107 cells/ml (HFN) and mixed with dextran-iron particles (final OD450=0.1), incubated on ice for 30 min. This "feed" suspension was then separated directly using HGMS. The "feed" suspension was passed through the filter at a range of flow rates using a peristaltic pump. The collected fraction was called the "flow through". The magnet was then turned off and a "purified" fraction collected at 14 ml/min. The following steps were followed to ensure good separation results:
5) The maximum bulk flow velocity was used, 6.7�10-4 m/s (14 ml/min), to minimize the separation time for these larger void volume filters, <90 ml. The long wire arrays would compensate for the reduced probability of capture per wire in order to still give high filter recoveries.
In order for negative cells to be retained they need to be removed from the bulk fluid flow stream, with sedimentation the most likely mechanism. To study the sedimentation effect free of the variable cell adhesion properties of mononuclear cells, erythrocytes were used. The blood was obtained from the one donor, washed to obtain the erythrocytes, then stored in Alsever's media at 4� C. until used on the same day.
The cell concentration was the same as the feed used in the magnetic separations which was described above. This was to ensure that interparticle effects would be similar and to eliminate the formation of rouleaux. 2�108 erythrocytes in the usual media were used for the feed suspension.
For flow velocities of (2.9-6.7)�10-4 m/s and flow through void volumes ≧3 a retention of 0.20-0.35% was observed. The range was probably due to errors in handling small cell numbers in 10's ml of media. The retention attained was a factor of �10 improvement compared with an earlier filter where the erythrocytes were retained at a rate of 2.9% (range 2.2-3.3%, 3 expts). The wire array had no significant contribution. The retention of the tubing and pump system alone was of the order of 0.1% so the result obtained with the conical funnel filter probably represents the minimum practically attainable.
Five separations with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from four cryopreserved donors were conducted as described above at zero magnetic field to determine the negative cell retention. The cells were labelled as usual and ≧108 total cells used for each separation. The flow velocities were (2.9-6.7)�10-4 m/s and flow through was ≧3 void volumes. The retentions for the positive and negative lymphocytes were not different but the monocytes were sometimes higher. The mean retention of 0.9%, n=10, range- 0.5-3.3% was obtained for monocytes and lymphocytes. This result was skewed by one high result for monocytes, 3.3%. Recalculating the mean equals 0.6�0.1%, n-9, range- 0.5-0.8%.The dead cells also gave a very low retention: mean=1.1�0.4%, n=5, range=0.7-1.8%. When the flow velocity was reduced to 1.4�10-4 m/s the total retention increased to 1.6%.
The wire array lengths used in the studies described above were up to �12 that used previously, and did not significantly contribute to the retention of any cell type at any length. To test whether siliconising the wire affected the retention of negative cells, a comparison experiment between filter 50 μm and an identical unsiliconised filter had been performed. Only 4�107 previously cryopreserved cells were used in order to minimize any interactions between negative cells and those positive cells magnetically retained on the wire array. The comparatively slow flow velocity of 1.4�10-4 m/s was to reduce the fluid viscous drag on potentially adherent cells. There was no significant difference in performance between the two filters. Both filters retained 12% of the negative cells.
TABLE 1______________________________________Recoveries for the 50 μm Wire ArrayRelative Number         Experimental                     Predictedof Layers     % Recovery  % Recovery______________________________________Normal x1     73 � 7%  79%(73 layers)   (4 donors over         6 separations)x3.1          78 � 7%   99.2%         (2 donors over         4 separations)x6.2          78 � 3%  100.0%         (2 donors over         6 separations)x12.5         94 � 4%  100.0%         (1 donor over         3 separations)______________________________________
In each experiment the initial feed suspension contained (2-3)�108 total cells.
TABLE 2______________________________________Recoveries for the 150 μm Wire ArrayRelative Number         Experimental                     Predictedof Layers     % Recovery  % Recovery______________________________________Normal x1     75 � 5%  72%(36 layers)   (5 donors over         7 separations)x11.3         92 � 3%  100.0%         (1 donor over         3 separations)______________________________________
Experiment I was at a flow velocity of 2.9�10-4 m/s, the others were at the usual 6.7�10-4 m/s.
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W., et al., Cytometry 8:366, 1987.* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS5691208 *Jun 7, 1995Nov 25, 1997Amcell CorporationMagnetic separation apparatus and methodUS5705059 *Feb 27, 1995Jan 6, 1998Miltenyi; StefanMagnetic separation apparatusUS5972721 *Mar 14, 1997Oct 26, 1999The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air ForceImmunomagnetic assay system for clinical diagnosis and other purposesUS6355491Sep 17, 1999Mar 12, 2002Aviva BiosciencesIndividually addressable micro-electromagnetic unit array chipsUS6471860Apr 20, 2000Oct 29, 2002Miltenyi Biotech GmbhMagnetic micro separation column and method of using itUS6602422Dec 7, 1999Aug 5, 2003Miltenyi Biotech GmbhMicro column systemUS6616623Oct 4, 1999Sep 9, 2003Idializa Ltd.System for correction of a biological fluidUS6620627 *Oct 31, 2000Sep 16, 2003Immunivest CorporationIncreased separation efficiency via controlled aggregation of magnetic nanoparticlesUS6623982Jul 12, 1999Sep 23, 2003Immunivest CorporationIncreased separation efficiency via controlled aggregation of magnetic nanoparticlesUS6716642Oct 10, 2000Apr 6, 2004Aviva Biosciences CorporationIndividually addressable micro-electromagnetic unit array chips in horizontal configurationsUS6806050Sep 18, 2001Oct 19, 2004Aviva BiosciencesIndividually addressable micro-electromagnetic unit array chipsUS7763343 *Mar 31, 2006Jul 27, 2010American Superconductor CorporationMesh-type stabilizer for filamentary coated superconductorsUS8142881Mar 27, 2012American Superconductor CorporationMesh-type stabilizer for filamentary coated superconductorsUS20030183124 *Aug 6, 2001Oct 2, 2003Juergen EngelbrechtAdhesive fluoride varnishUS20030203507 *May 30, 2003Oct 30, 2003Liberti Paul A.Increased separation efficiency via controlled aggregation of magnetic nanoparticlesUS20040077105 *Dec 1, 2003Apr 22, 2004Lei WuIndividually addressable micro-electromagnetic unit array chips in horizontal configurationsUS20040234898 *Jun 16, 2004Nov 25, 2004Batishko Charles R.Magnetic flowcell systems and methodsUS20070015292 *Jul 18, 2006Jan 18, 2007Barry RuddickApparatus, System and Method for Evaluating Fluid SystemsUS20070015666 *Mar 31, 2006Jan 18, 2007American Superconductor Corp.Mesh-type stabilizer for filamentary coated superconductorsEP0929328A1 *Aug 22, 1997Jul 21, 1999Hemasure IncMethod for removing tumor cells from tumor cell-contaminated stem cell productsEP0941766A2 *Mar 8, 1999Sep 15, 1999Miltenyi Biotech GmbH.Micro column system for magnetic separationWO1996026782A1 *Jan 29, 1996Sep 6, 1996Miltenyi Biotech, Inc.Improved magnetic separation apparatus and methodWO1999013051A1 *Sep 7, 1998Mar 18, 1999Genpoint AsDevice for purification of organic material by adsorbing material to beads and attracting beads with magnetical, electrical or gravitational meansWO2001024850A1 *Oct 5, 1999Apr 12, 2001Idealiza Ltd.A system for correction of a biological fluidWO2007006817A1Dec 22, 2005Jan 18, 2007Centro De Investigaci�n De Rotaci�n Y Torque Aplicada, S.L. C.I.F. B83987073Filter for capturing polluting emissionsWO2009122216A1 *Apr 2, 2009Oct 8, 2009Alaska Food Diagnostics LimitedAssay system based on immunomagnetic separation for detecting microorganisms in a food sample* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification210/222, 210/456International ClassificationB03C1/034, A61M1/36, B01D35/06Cooperative ClassificationB03C1/034, B01D35/06, A61M1/3618, A61M1/3627European ClassificationB01D35/06, B03C1/034, A61M1/36C4Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionNov 12, 1993ASAssignmentOwner name: TERRY FOX LABORATORY, THE, CANADAFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LANSDORP, PETER M.;REEL/FRAME:006766/0528Effective date: 19930909Owner name: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON, ENGLANDFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:RICHARDS, ADRIAN J.;REEL/FRAME:006761/0570Effective date: 19930914Aug 7, 1995ASAssignmentOwner name: TERRY FOX LABORATORY OF THE BRITISH COLUMBIA CANCEFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LANSDORP, PETER M.;REEL/FRAME:007594/0718Effective date: 19950721Feb 8, 1999FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Feb 3, 2003FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Feb 26, 2003REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedOct 7, 2003FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 20030808Feb 5, 2007FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 12RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services