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Patent US6487493 - Navigation device having a platform-dependent part and a user-interface ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA navigation device includes a platform having hardware including at least a user operation unit and a map database, and basic functions to control the hardware. The navigation device also includes an application processing unit for providing navigation services using the basic functions of the platform,...http://www.google.com/patents/US6487493?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6487493 - Navigation device having a platform-dependent part and a user-interface-dependent part for supplying navigation servicesAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6487493 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 09/725,212Publication dateNov 26, 2002Filing dateNov 29, 2000Priority dateNov 30, 1999Fee statusPaidAlso published asDE10059147A1, US20010002455Publication number09725212, 725212, US 6487493 B2, US 6487493B2, US-B2-6487493, US6487493 B2, US6487493B2InventorsAkio Uekawa, Yoshihiko Utsui, Akira Sugimoto, Koji Hashimoto, Toshiki Kusama, Hiroaki IdenoOriginal AssigneeMitsubishi Denki Kabushiki KaishaExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (8), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (16), Classifications (14), Legal Events (4) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetNavigation device having a platform-dependent part and a user-interface-dependent part for supplying navigation services
US 6487493 B2Abstract
A navigation device includes a platform having hardware including at least a user operation unit and a map database, and basic functions to control the hardware. The navigation device also includes an application processing unit for providing navigation services using the basic functions of the platform, and a platform-dependent unit for, when transferring information from the platform to the application processing unit, transferring the information in a constant format, and for, when transferring information from the application processing unit to the platform, transferring it in a certain format which depends on the platform. The map database holds map data in a predetermined recording format. The navigation device can further include a map-database-dependent unit for receiving map data, which is read from the map database by the platform-dependent unit, and for supplying the received map data to the application processing unit in the constant format. The navigation device can also include a user-interface-dependent unit for receiving data corresponding to a user's operation, which is read from the user operation unit by the platform-dependent unit, and for supplying the received data to the application processing unit in the constant format.
a platform having hardware including at least user operation means and a map database, and an operating system to control the hardware; application processing means for providing navigation services using the operating system; platform-dependent means for, when transferring information from the platform to the application processing means, transferring the information in a platform-independent format, and for, when transferring information from the application processing means to the platform, transferring the information in a platform-dependent format which depends on the platform; and user-interface-dependent means for receiving platform-dependent data corresponding to a user's operation read from the user operation means by said platform-dependent means, and for supplying the data received to the application processing means in the platform-independent format, wherein the platform-dependent means isolates the application processing means from the platform so the application processing means runs independently of the platform. 2. The navigation device according to claim 1, wherein said map database holds map data in a fixed recording format, and said device further comprises map-database-dependent means for receiving platform-dependent map data read from said map database by the platform-dependent means, and for supplying the map data received to the application processing means in the platform-independent format.
a platform having hardware including at least user operation means and a map database, and an operating system to control the hardware; application processing means for providing navigation services using the operating system; and user-interface-dependent means for receiving platform-dependent data corresponding to a user's operation read from the user operation means, and for supplying the data received to the application processing means in a platform-independent format. 4. A navigation device comprising:
a platform having hardware comprising at least a microprocessor, user operation means, and a storage device; and a navigation operating system including instructions for controlling the hardware; a navigation application module isolated from the platform, and including a plurality of navigation applications; and a platform-dependent module including a graphics display module for supplying platform-dependent image display instructions to the navigation operating system, a map file access module for supplying platform-dependent storage device access instructions to the navigation operating system, and a sensor data receiving module for supplying platform-dependent sensor data request instructions to the navigation operating system, wherein the navigation applications, using the platform-dependent module, control the hardware by translating platform-independent instructions received from the navigation applications to platform-dependent instructions supplied to the navigation operating system.
The present invention relates to a navigation device for displaying a road map, a guide route, etc. on a display according to operations performed by a user, and for providing navigation services.
Conventionally, a navigation device for providing the current position of a vehicle, in which the navigation device is mounted, to a driver or user and for showing a route to a destination is well-known. In general, the navigation device calculates the current position of the vehicle by using a GPS (global positioning system) which uses eletromagnetic waves from GPS satellites, a vehicle speed pulse from a counter disposed at, for instance, an axle, and a gyro, etc., and displays the current position of the vehicle on a display with a map being displayed based on a map database. When the driver sets a destination, the navigation device calculates an appropriate route according to a fixed method, such as Dijkstra's algorithm, by referring to the map database, displays information on the route on the display, and outputs a voice guidance from a speaker, to guide the user to the destination. The route guidance thus includes display of the calculated route on an on-screen map, and, when the vehicle approaches an intersection for example, output of voice guidance such as “turn right” or “turn left” and display of a guidance image showing the intersection.
FIG. 25 is a diagram hierarchically showing the structure of a prior art navigation device disclosed in “Development of a New Platform of a Navigation System for Vehicles”, “Sumitomo Electricity” issued by Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., No. 148, pp. 37-41, March, 1996. In the figure, reference numeral 201 denotes navigation hardware including a remote controller, a drive unit for driving a storage medium, such as a CD (Compact Disc)-ROM, for storing a map database, a display, and a GPS receiver, numeral 202 denotes a navigation OS (operating system) having basic functions to control the navigation hardware 201, numeral 203 denotes device drivers for directly controlling a corresponding item of navigation hardware 201, and numeral 204 denotes a navigation application for calculating current position, route calculation, route guidance, and display of a map, etc. based on various information from the navigation hardware 201, and for providing navigation services for users. This prior art navigation device has a ROM for storing these programs, a microprocessor for executing them, etc.
In operation, the navigation application 204 is executed on the navigation Os 202, an event generated by each item of navigation hardware 201 is processed properly, and navigation services are provided. Thus, the prior art navigation device provides navigation services. The navigation application 204 of such the navigation device can be developed on a general-purpose OS installed in a personal computer. In other words, the navigation application 204 can be developed on a platform consisting of a personal computer and a general-purpose OS. The navigation application 204 is then transplanted on the platform 205 shown in FIG. 25, which consists of the navigation hardware 201, the navigation OS 202, and the device drivers 203 after the application has been completed.
A problem with prior art navigation devices constructed as above is that since there is a difference between hardware in development and real machines, and a difference in the hardware of different types of real machines, transfer of various information between the navigation application 204 and the navigation OS 202 depends on the platform, and it is therefore necessary to modify the navigation application 204 when transplanting the navigation application 204 onto another platform, thus increasing the complexity of the development work of the navigation application 204.
Japanese patent application publication (TOKKAIHEI) No. 11-211489 discloses another prior art navigation device. In this prior art navigation device a part of program is written in Java™. Although it is a common one in different platforms, it is difficult to solve the above-mentioned problem since the navigation basic operations such as the route calculation are performed as in the above-mentioned prior art navigation device.
Furthermore, when changing the specifications of the map database, the navigation application 204 must be changed according to the change of the map database, and the complexity of the development work of the navigation application 204 therefore increases.
In addition, when changing the man-machine specifications, such as the specifications of the user interface, the navigation application 204 must be changed according to the change of the map database, and the complexity of the development work of the navigation application 204 therefore increases.
When changing the navigation application 204, if necessary, as mentioned above, the same amount of work and hence the same amount of debugging and testing work as in the case of creating a new navigation application are needed, thereby prolonging the time period required for development and increasing development cost.
The present invention is proposed to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a navigation device that is implemented via a computer program to provide navigation services which is divided into a platform-dependent part and a platform-independent part, thereby decreasing the amount of needed changes in the program which originates in a change of the platform, and that thus can be easily developed.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a navigation device that reads map data from a map database in a fixed recording format, and supplies map information corresponding to it to a navigation application in a constant format, thereby decreasing the amount of needed changes in the program which originates in a change of the recording format of the map database, and that thus can be easily developed.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a navigation device that receives data generated by a user's operation with a predetermined user interface, and supplies operation information corresponding to it to a navigation application in a constant format, thereby decreasing the amount of needed changes in the program which originates in a change of the specifications of the user interface, and that thus can be easily developed.
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a navigation device comprising: a platform having hardware including at least a user operation unit and a map database, and basic functions to control the hardware; an application processing unit for providing navigation services by using the basic functions of the platform; and a platform-dependent unit for, when transferring information from the platform to the application processing unit, transferring it in a constant format, and for, when transferring information from the application processing unit to the platform, transferring it in a certain format which depends on the platform.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the map database holds map data in a predetermined recording format, and the device further comprises a map-database-dependent unit for receiving map data, which is read from the map database by the platform-dependent unit, and for supplying the received map data to the application processing unit in the constant format.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the navigation device further comprises a user-interface-dependent unit for receiving data corresponding to a user's operation, which is read from the user operation unit by the platform-dependent unit, and for supplying the received data to the application processing unit in the constant format.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a navigation device comprising: a platform having hardware including at least a user operation unit and a map database for holding map data in a predetermined recording format, and basic functions to control the hardware; an application processing unit for providing navigation services by using the basic functions of the platform; and a map-database-dependent unit for receiving map data read from the map database, and for supplying the received map data to the application processing unit in a constant format.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a navigation device comprising: a platform having hardware including at least a user operation unit and a map database, and basic functions to control the hardware; an application processing unit for providing navigation services by using the basic functions of the platform; and a user-interface-dependent unit for receiving data corresponding to a user's operation, which is read from the user operation unit, and for supplying the received data to the application processing unit in a constant format.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of a navigation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram hierarchically showing the structure of the navigation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a navigation application module of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a platform-dependent module of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a diagram explaining display of an image by the navigation device according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a diagram explaining access to a map database by the navigation device according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a diagram explaining acquisition of sensor data by the navigation device according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of a navigation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram explaining display of an image by the navigation device according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a diagram explaining access to a map database by the navigation device according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a diagram explaining acquisition of sensor data by the navigation device according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the structure of a map-database-dependent module of a navigation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the recording format of a map database of the navigation device according to the third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing the structure of a map-database-dependent module of a navigation device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the recording format of a map database of the navigation device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing the structure of a user-interface-dependent module of a navigation device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of a menu image and a map image on-screen;
FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of a guidance image and a map image on-screen of an intersection;
FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing-the structure of a user-interface-dependent module of a navigation device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of a menu image displayed on a display of 1-Deutsche Industrie Norm size;
FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of a turn-by-turn guidance image displayed on a display of 1-Deutsche Industrie Norm size;
FIG. 22 is a diagram hierarchically showing the structure of a navigation device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 23 is a diagram hierarchically showing the structure of a navigation device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 24 is a diagram hierarchically showing the structure of a navigation device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 25 a diagram hierarchically showing the structure of a prior art navigation device.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of a navigation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a ROM for storing such programs as a navigation OS, device drivers, a platform-dependent module, and a navigation application module, which will be described later; numeral 2 denotes a microprocessor for executing the programs such as the navigation OS, the device drivers, the platform-dependent module, and the navigation application module; and numeral 3 denotes a RAM for temporarily storing a program and data during execution of the program such as the navigation OS, one device driver, the platform-dependent module, or the navigation application module.
Reference numeral 4 denotes a DVD-ROM drive for driving a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)-ROM 21 so as to read data from the DVD-ROM 21, numeral 5 denotes a DVD-ROM interface for performing transfer of data between the DVD-ROM drive 4 and the microprocessor 2, numeral 6 denotes a graphic control circuit for storing image data in a frame buffer 7 according to an image processing instruction or the like from the microprocessor 2, and for displaying an image corresponding to the image data in a display 8 such as a liquid crystal display, numeral 9 denotes a user operation unit such as a remote controller and various switches, and numeral 10 denotes an operation unit interface for performing transfer of data between the user operation unit 9 and the microprocessor 2.
Reference numeral 11 denotes a GPS receiver for receiving electromagnetic waves from the GPS satellites, numeral 12 denotes a vehicle speed pulse counter disposed at an axle or the like of a vehicle in which the navigation device is mounted, for measuring the speed of the vehicle, and numeral 13 denotes a gyro for detecting the bearing of the vehicle, and numeral 14 denotes a peripheral interface for performing transfer of data between any one of the GPS receiver 11, the vehicle speed pulse counter 12, and the gyro 13, and the microprocessor 2.
The DVD-ROM 21 pre-stores a map database etc. In addition, a speaker via which a voice guidance is output and a driving circuit for driving the speaker, an FM multiple broadcasting receiver for carrying out communications with an external infrastructure, an electric wave beacon/optical beacon receiver, and a mobile phone, etc. are provided in the navigation device.
It is also possible to store the navigation OS, the device drivers, the platform-dependent module, and the navigation application module, etc. in a storage medium such as a DVD-ROM instead of the ROM 1, and to read and to use those programs with the DVD-ROM drive. As an alternative, it is possible to store only the navigation OS and the device drivers in the ROM 1, to store the platform-dependent. module and the navigation application module in a storage medium such as a DVD-ROM, and to read and to use them with the DVD-ROM drive.
FIG. 2 is a diagram hierarchically showing the structure of the navigation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 31 denotes navigation hardware including the DVD-ROM drive 4, the display 8, the user operation unit 9, the GPS receiver 11, the vehicle speed pulse counter 12, the gyro 13, etc., numeral 32 denotes the navigation OS having basic functions to control the navigation hardware 31 in addition to memory management, process control, thread management, etc. for each program, and numeral 33 denotes the device drivers each for directly controlling a corresponding piece of navigation hardware 31. A platform 38 includes the navigation hardware 31, the navigation OS 32, and the device drivers 33.
When transferring information from the platform 38 to either of the navigation application module 35, a map-database-dependent module 36, a user-interface-dependent module 37, the platform-dependent module 34 transfers it in a constant format that does not depend on the platform 38. In contrast, when transferring information from either of the navigation application module 35, the map database-dependent module 36, the user interface-dependent module 37 to the platform 38, the platform-dependent module 34 transfers it in a certain format which depends on the platform 38.
The navigation application module 35 is a group of application programs that provides navigation services such as calculation of the current position, route searching, and route guidance. The map-database-dependent module 36 is a program that receives map data from the map database in a predetermined recording format, and supplies the map data in the constant format, which does not depend on the platform 38, to the navigation application module 35. The user-interface-dependent module 37 is a program that receives data corresponding to a user's operation, which has been read from the user operation unit 9 by the platform-dependent module 34, supplies the data in the constant format, which does not depend on the platform 38, to the navigation application module 35, and performs a screen transition according to the user's operation.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the navigation application module 35 of FIG. 2. In the figure, reference numeral 41 denotes a locator module that is a program for calculating the current position of the vehicle based on information acquired by the GPS receiver 11, the vehicle speed pulse counter 12, the gyro 13, etc., numeral 42 denotes a route calculation module that is a program for calculating a route to the set destination by using Dijkstra's algorithm, for example, numeral 43 denotes a route guidance module that is a program for performing a guidance (display of a guidance image and output of a guidance voice) which corresponds to the calculated route, and numeral 44 denotes an external interface module that is a program for carrying out communications with an external unit such as VICS (Vehicle Information and Communication System). The external interface module 44 can be a management program for managing vehicles for business use to transmit the current position obtained with the navigation device to a vehicle management center by way of a mobile phone or a radio transmitter, and to receive a destination of the vehicle from the vehicle management center.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the platform-dependent module 34 of FIG. 2. In the figure, reference numeral 51 denotes a graphics drawing module that is a program for supplying an image display instruction that depends on the platform 38, and that corresponds to an instruction of an image display in the constant format from the navigation application module 35 or the like, to the platform 38, numeral 52 denotes a map file access module that is a program for accessing the map database stored in the DVD-ROM 21, and numeral 53 denotes a sensor data receiving module that is a program for receiving sensor data acquired by the GPS receiver 11, the vehicle speed pulse counter 12, the gyro 13, etc. of the navigation hardware 31, and for supplying the sensor data in the constant format to the navigation application module 35.
FIG. 5 is a diagram explaining the image display operation of the navigation device according to the first embodiment, FIG. 6 is a diagram explaining the map database access operation of the navigation device according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a diagram explaining the sensor data acquisition operation of the navigation device according to the first embodiment.
The microprocessor 2 reads programs such as the navigation OS 32 from the ROM 1 when the navigation device is started up and stores the programs in the RAM 3, and then performs those programs. The microprocessor 2 thus provides navigation services for the user based on information from the navigation hardware 31 such as the GPS receiver 11.
At this time, the platform-dependent module 34 is executed on the navigation OS 32. In other words, the platform-dependent module 34 is executed by using functions of the navigation OS 32. In addition, the navigation application module 35 accesses the platform 38 and the map database by way of the platform-dependent module 34. At this time, the navigation application module 35 performs transfer of various information in the constant format between itself and the platform-dependent module 34, and the platform-dependent module 34 performs transfer of various information in a certain format which depends on the platform 38 between itself and the platform 38.
Next, the operation of the platform-dependent module 34 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 5, 6, and 7. First of all, a description will be made as to the operation of the platform-dependent module 34 when an image display instruction is issued by either the navigation application module 35 or the user-interface-dependent module 37 based on the user's operation or a route guidance, with reference to FIG. 5.
In general, only system calls at a low level like memory management and thread/task management are prepared in most OSs intended for being installed in devices. In such a case, the graphics drawing module 51 of the platform-dependent module 34 receives an image display instruction at a high level from either the navigation application module 35 or the user-interface-dependent module 37, and converts the high-level instruction into instructions at a low level. The graphics drawing module 51 then supplies the low-level instructions for the graphic control circuit 6, such as a device opening instruction, a device seek instruction, a device write instruction, and a device I/O control instruction, to the device drivers 33 by way of the navigation OS 32. The device drivers 33 cause the graphic control circuit 6 to operate according to the low-level instructions so as to perform drawing of an image on the screen of the display 8.
Since image display instructions which can be used with the navigation OS 32 differ according to the type of the navigation OS 32, the graphics drawing module 51 receives a certain high-level image display instruction from either the navigation application module 35 or the user-interface-dependent module 37 based on the user's operation or a route guidance, and outputs image display instructions at a low level which depend on the navigation OS 32. The high-level image display instructions prepared in advance include a SelectPen (pen type) instruction for instructing the graphics drawing module 51 to select a pen object 62 to write a line in a canvas object 61 holding image data for a drawing area of a certain size, a SelectBrush (brush type) instruction for instructing the graphics drawing module 51 to select a brush object 63 to write a shaded-off shape in the canvas object 61, a Polygon (dot sequence of vertexes) instruction for instructing the graphics drawing module 51 to draw a polygon, a Polyline (dot sequence of vertexes or endpoints) instruction for instructing the graphics drawing module 51 to draw a straight line, and a DrawText (coordinates, character string) instruction for instructing the graphics drawing module 51 to draw the character string, etc. When either of these high-level interface functions is called, the canvas object 61 calls a system call group at a low level for the navigation OS 32, which corresponds to the called high-level interface function. As a result, drawing of an image is performed.
Next, the operation when an access instruction to the map database is issued by the map-database-dependent module 36 will be explained with reference to FIG. 6. In general, most OSs intended for being installed in devices do not have a file system. In such a case, when the map file access module 52 of the platform-dependent module 34 receives a high-level instruction for file access to the map database from the map-database-dependent module 36, it converts the high-level instruction into low-level instructions for the DVD-ROM interface 5, such as a device opening instruction, a device seek instruction for specifying a physical address of the DVD-ROM 21, a device read instruction, and a device I/O control instruction, and supplies them to the device drivers 33 by way of the navigation OS 32. The device drivers 33 then causes the DVD-ROM interface 5 to operate according to the low-level instructions, and reads map data from the DVD-ROM 21 mounted in the DVD-ROM drive 4.
Since access instructions for the DVD-ROM which can be used with the navigation OS 32 differ according to the type of the navigation OS 32, the map file access module 52 receives a high-level access instruction for access to a map file from the map-database-dependent module 36 and outputs low-level control instructions for control of the DVD-ROM interface 5, which depends on the navigation OS 32. The high-level map-file access instructions prepared. in advance include an Open (file name) instruction for instructing the map file access module 52 to open a map file by specifying the file's name, a Seek (offset) instruction for instructing the map file access module 52 to search from the head of a file for the position of the specified offset, and a Read() instruction for instructing the map file access module 52 to read data, etc. When either of these high-level interface functions is called, a map file object 71 calls a high-level function of an ISO9660 management module 72 corresponding to the called high-level interface function. The ISO9660 management module 72 reads an ISO9660 standard volume descriptor of the DVD-ROM 21 which conforms to the ISO9660 standard, converts the offset in the specified file into a physical address for the DVD-ROM 21, and calls a control instruction group which corresponds to the instruction. As a result, the access to the map database stored in the DVD-ROM 21 is performed, and the map data is supplied to the map-database-dependent module 36.
Next, a description will be made as to an operation performed when acquiring sensor data using the GPS receiver 11, the vehicle speed pulse counter 12, the gyro 13, etc. with reference to FIG. 7. When the sensor data receiving module 53 of the platform-dependent module 34 receives a request in the constant format for sensor data from the navigation application module 35, the sensor data receiving module 53 supplies such instructions for the peripherals interface 14 as a device opening instruction and a device I/O control instruction to the device drivers 33 by way of the navigation OS 32. At this time, in response to the request for sensor data from the navigation application module 35, a gyro/vehicle speed information collection unit 81 supplies such instructions for the vehicle speed pulse counter 12 and the gyro 13 as a device opening instruction, a device read instruction, and a device I/O control instruction to the device drivers 33 by way of the navigation OS 32, and a GPS data receiving unit 82 supplies such instructions for the GPS receiver 11 as a device opening instruction, a device read instruction, and a device I/O control instruction to the device drivers 33 by way of the navigation OS 32.
The sensor data receiving module 53 then receives various information from the peripherals interface 14 by way of the device drivers 33 and the navigation OS 32, and supplies the information to the navigation application module 35 as the sensor data in the constant format. At this time, the gyro/vehicle speed information collection unit 81 receives information from the vehicle speed pulse counter 12 and the gyro 13, and the GPS data receiving part 82 receives information from the GPS receiver 11.
Since the data format of various information acquired from the GPS receiver 11 etc. differs according to the type of the GPS receiver 11 etc., the sensor data receiving module 53 converts information received by way of the device drivers 33 and the navigation Os 32 into sensor data in the constant format.
As mentioned above, according to the first embodiment, the program to provide navigation services can be divided into the following two parts: the platform-dependent module 34 that depends on the platform 38; and the combination of the navigation application module 35, the map-database-dependent module 36, and the user-interface-dependent module 37, which does not depend on the platform 38, and transfer of data between the former part which depends on the platform 38 and the latter part which does not depend on the platform 38 can be carried out in the constant format which does not depend on the platform 38. Accordingly, the present embodiment offers an advantage of being able to decrease the amount of needed changes in the program which originates in a change in the platform 38, thus easily developing a navigation device.
A navigation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention has a platform 38 different from that of the navigation device according to the above-mentioned first embodiment. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of the navigation device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 101 denotes a hard disk drive for storing a map database, numeral 102 denotes a hard disk interface for performing transfer of data between the hard disk drive 101 and a microprocessor 2, numeral 103 denotes a GPS card for receiving electric signals from the GPS satellites, and numeral 104 denotes a PCMCIA interface which conforms to the PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card Interface Association) standard, for performing transfer of data between the GPS card 103 and the microprocessor 2.
In addition, a speaker for outputting a voice guidance, a driving circuit for driving the speaker, an FM multiple broadcasting receiver for carrying out communications with an external infrastructure, an electric wave beacon/optical beacon receiver, a mobile phone, etc. are disposed. Since other components shown in FIG. 8 are the same as those according to the above-mentioned first embodiment, the explanation of those components will be omitted hereafter.
Furthermore, the navigation device according to the second embodiment can be implemented via a PDA (Personal Data Assistant) in which the GPS card is mounted, or a mobile personal computer, for instance, and a general-purpose OS such as a Windows™ family OS can be used as a navigation OS 32.
In addition, unlike the navigation device according to the first embodiment, the hard disk drive 101 is used as a storage medium for storing the map database, and the GPS card 103 is used as equipment to measure the current position of the vehicle.
FIG. 9 is a diagram explaining an image display operation of the navigation device according to the second embodiment, FIG. 10 is a diagram explaining an access operation to the map database of the navigation device according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a diagram explaining a sensor data acquisition operation of the navigation device according to the second embodiment.
First of all, a description will be made as to an operation of the navigation device when an image display instruction is issued by either a navigation application module 35 or a user-interface-dependent module 37 based on a user's operation or a route guidance, with reference to FIG. 9. In general, in addition to the system calls at a low level such as the memory management and the thread/task management, a general-purpose OS includes a graphics API (Application Programming interface) 114. In such a case, a graphics drawing module 51 of a platform-dependent module 34 receives a high-level instruction for display of an image from either the navigation application module 35 or the user-interface-dependent module 37, converts the high-level instruction into an instruction based on the graphics API, and supplies the instruction to the navigation OS 32. The navigation OS 32 supplies a low-level instruction, such as a device opening instruction, to device drivers 33 based on the graphics API. The device drivers 33 causes a graphic control circuit 6 to operate according to the low-level instruction, and performs drawing of an image with a display 8.
Since the graphics API of the navigation OS 32 differs according to the type of the navigation OS 32, the graphics drawing module 51 receives a high-level image display instruction, which has been issued based on the user's operation or the route guidance by either the navigation application module 35 or the user-interface-dependent module 37, and outputs an instruction in accordance with the graphics API of the navigation OS 32. The high-level image display instruction from either the navigation application module 35 or the user-interface-dependent module 37 is the same as one of those according to the first embodiment. A pen object 62 writes a line in a canvas object 61 by using a high-level instruction in accordance with the graphics API, and a brush object 63 writes a shaded-off shape in the canvas object 61 by using a high-level instruction in accordance with the graphics API. Drawing of an image is thus performed.
Next, a description will be made as to an operation of the navigation device when an access instruction to the map database is issued by a map-database-dependent module 36 with reference to FIG. 10. In general, general-purpose OSs include a file system. Therefore, a map file access module 52 of the platform-dependent module 34 receives a high-level file access instruction from the map-database-dependent module 36, and transfers the high-level instruction, as a high-level instruction which depends on the navigation OS 32, to the navigation OS. The navigation OS 32 converts the instruction into low-level instructions based on the file system 121, and supplies the low-level instructions. for the hard disk interface 102, such as a device opening instruction, a device seek instruction for specifying a physical address of the hard disk drive 101, a device write instruction, and a device I/O control instruction, to the device drivers 33. The device drivers 33 read map data from the hard disk drive 101 according to those instructions.
Since the file system of the navigation OS 32 differs according to the type of the navigation OS 32, the map file access module 52 receives a high-level access instruction for access to a map file from the map-database-dependent module 36, and converts the high-level instruction into an instruction which depends on the navigation OS 32. However, when the format of an instruction from the map-database-dependent module 36 is set to be the same as the format of instructions which depend on the navigation Os 32, the instruction from the map-database-dependent module 36 is supplied to the navigation OS 32 just as it is.
At this time, when the same high-level map file access instructions as of the first embodiment are prepared in advance, and either of these high-level interface functions is called, a map file object 71 calls a high-level function for the navigation OS 32 corresponding. to the called high-level interface function. As a result, the access to the map database stored in the hard disk drive 101 is made based on the file system 121 of the navigation OS 32, and map data is supplied to the map-database-dependent module 36.
Next, a description will be made as to an operation to acquire sensor data using the GPS card 103 etc. with reference to FIG. 11. When a sensor data receiving module 53 of the platform-dependent module 34 receives a request for sensor data in a constant format from the navigation application module 35, the sensor data receiving module 53 supplies instructions for the PCMCIA interface 104, such as an opening instruction for opening a serial port for the GPS card 103 and a data read instruction, to the device drivers 33 by way of the navigation OS 32. At this time, a GPS card data analysis unit 131 actually outputs the instructions such as the opening instruction for opening the serial port and the data read instruction according to the request for sensor data from the navigation application module 35.
The sensor data receiving module 53 then receives various information from the GPS card 103 by way of the device drivers 33 and the navigation OS 32, and supplies the information to the navigation application module 35 as sensor data in the constant format.
Since the data format of information acquired from the GPS card 103 etc. differs according to the type of the GPS card 103 etc., the sensor data receiving module 53 converts information received by way of the device drivers 33 and the navigation OS 32 into sensor data in the constant format.
Each unit of platform-dependent module 34 operates in this way. The explanation of other operations will be omitted hereafter since they are the same as those of the navigation device according to the first embodiment.
Therefore, all that is needed when changing the platform of the navigation device from the one according to the first embodiment to the one according to the second embodiment is to change only the platform-dependent module 34, and there is no need to change the navigation application module 35, the map-database-dependent module 36, and the user-interface-dependent module 37.
As mentioned above, the second embodiment offers the same advantage as provided by the above-mentioned first embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the structure of a map-database-dependent module 36 of a navigation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 141 denotes a map data management module that outputs a high-level access instruction in a constant format to a map file access module 52 of a platform-dependent module 34 in response to a request for map data from a map data module 142 for reading map data and holding it therein, and supplies read map data to the map data module 142, and numeral 143 denotes a road link object having a starting point/endpoint coordinates retrieving function of retrieving the starting point and endpoint of a link according to the road link number of the link, and a link type retrieving function of retrieving the road type and link type of the link according to the road link number of the link, etc. The map-database-dependent module 36 can be provided with a plurality of map data modules 142 and a plurality of road link objects 143.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the recording format of a map database of the navigation device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The map database holds map data as attributes of each road link as shown in FIG. 13. The attributes of each road link include the starting point and endpoint of each road link, the road type such as an ordinary road or a highway, the link type (e.g., a main line, a side line, or the like in case of highway) to distinguish roads of the same road type from each other, the number of connected links showing the number of road links connected with each road link, and connected link numbers showing the numbers of the connected road links.
The explanation of other components of the navigation device according to the third embodiment will be omitted hereafter since those components are the same as those of the navigation device according to the first embodiment.
In operation, either a navigation application module 35 or a user-interface-dependent module 37 makes a request of the map-database-dependent module 36 for map data. The map data module 142 furnishes the request to the map data management module 141. In response to the request from the map data module 142, the map data management module 141 reads map data from a DVD-ROM 21 by way of a map file access module 52 and a platform 38 and supplies the map data to the map data module 142. The map data module 142 then holds the map data. At this time, the number of a desired road link is supplied to the navigation application module 35 by a road link retrieving function of specifying the latitude and longitude of the desired road link and a connected road link retrieving function of specifying the desired road link, these functions being provided by the map data module 142, and the starting point and endpoint coordinates and the link type, etc. of the specified road link are supplied to the navigation application module 35 by the starting point/endpoint coordinates retrieving function and the link type retrieving function, etc. of the road link object 143.
The road type and link type of each road link are respectively shown by identification numbers or the like fixed in a constant format which can be converted from the formats of the road type and the link type recorded in the map database if necessary.
The explanation of other operations will be omitted hereafter since they are the same as those of the navigation device according to the above-mentioned first embodiment.
As mentioned above, according to the third embodiment, since the map-database-dependent module 36 reads map data from the map database in a predetermined recording format, and supplies map information corresponding to the map data in a constant format to the navigation application module 35, the third embodiment offers an advantage of being able to decrease the amount of needed changes in the program which originates in a change in the recording format of the map database, thus easily developing a navigation device.
A navigation device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention employs a map database in a recording format different from that of the map database which the navigation device according to the third embodiment employs. FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing the structure of a map-database-dependent module 36 of the navigation device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 151 denotes a road link object having a starting point/endpoint coordinates retrieving function of retrieving the coordinates of the starting point and endpoint of a road link based on the starting point node number and endpoint node number of the road link, a link type retrieving function of retrieving the road type and link type of the road link based on the starting point node number and endpoint node number of the road link, etc. Since other components of the navigation device according to the fourth embodiment are the same as those according to the above-mentioned third embodiment, the explanation of those components will be omitted hereafter.
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the recording format of a map database of the navigation device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The map database holds map data as attributes of each road node as shown in FIG. 15. The attributes of each road node include the coordinates of each rode node, the number of other road nodes connected with each road node by way of road links, the numbers of the other road nodes connected with each rode node, and the road types and link types of the road links via which each road node is connected to the other road nodes.
In operation, a map data module 142 reads map data and holds it therein. At this time, the number of a road link defined by specified starting point and endpoint nodes is supplied to a navigation application module 35 by a road link retrieving function of specifying the latitude and longitude of the road link and a connected road link retrieving function of specifying the road link, these functions being provided by the map data module 142, and the starting point and endpoint coordinates and the link type, etc. of the specified road link are supplied to the navigation application module 35 by the starting point/endpoint coordinates retrieving function and the link type retrieving function, etc. of the road link object 151.
The explanation of other operations will be omitted hereafter since they are the same as those of the navigation device according to the above-mentioned third embodiment.
Therefore, all that is needed when changing the recording format of the map database of the navigation device from the one according to the third embodiment to the one according to the fourth embodiment is to change only the map-database-dependent module 36, there is no need to change a platform-dependent module 34, the navigation application module 35, and a user-interface-dependent module 37. Although a standard format, such as KIWI format, or a maker-specific format might be used for the recording format of the map database, all that is needed even in this case is to change the map-database-dependent module 36 only according to the recording format of the map database.
As mentioned above, the fourth embodiment offers the same advantage as provided by the above-mentioned third embodiment.
FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing the structure of a user-interface-dependent module 37 of a navigation device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 161 denotes a menu image drawing module that is a program for performing drawing of a menu image according to a user's operation, numeral 162 denotes a map image drawing module that is a program for performing drawing of a map image according to a user's operation, and numeral 163 is a guidance image drawing module that is a program for performing drawing of a guidance image according to a user's operation. Since other components of the navigation device according to the fifth embodiment are the same as those according to the above-mentioned first embodiment, the explanation of those components will be omitted hereafter.
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of the menu image and the map image displayed on a display 8, and FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of the guidance image and map image of an intersection displayed on the display 8.
A user-interface-dependent module 37 receives information on a user's operation in a constant format by way of a platform-dependent module 34. According to the user's operation, the menu image drawing module 161 performs the drawing process of drawing the menu image, the map image drawing module 162 performs the drawing process of drawing the map image, and the guidance image drawing module 163 performs the drawing process of drawing the guidance image. At this time, the menu image drawing module 161, the map image drawing module 162, and the guidance image drawing module 163 supply high-level instructions shown in the first embodiment to a graphics drawing module 51 of the platform-dependent module 34. As a result, as shown in FIG. 17, the map image 172 is displayed on the display 8 by the map image drawing module 162, and the menu image 171 is displayed and superimposed on the on-screen map image 172 by the menu image drawing module 161. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 18, the map image 173 is displayed on the display 8 by the map image drawing module 162, and the guidance image 174 is displayed on the display 8 by the guidance image drawing module 163.
The explanation of other operations will be omitted hereafter since those operations are the same as those of the navigation device according to the above-mentioned first embodiment.
As mentioned above, according to the fifth embodiment, since the user-interface-dependent module 37 receives data according to a user's operation, and supplies information corresponding to the received data to the navigation application module 35 in a constant format, the fifth embodiment offers an advantage of being able to decrease the amount of needed changes in the program which originates in a change in the specifications of the user interface, thus easily developing a navigation device.
FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing the structure of a user-interface-dependent module 37 of a navigation device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 181 denotes a 1-Deutsche Industrie Norm (or 1-DIN) menu image drawing module, which is a program for performing a drawing process of displaying a menu image on a display 8 of 1-DIN size. The 1-DIN size is a unit which conforms to a standard for defining the storage space for such equipment as audio equipment adopted by a lot of cars, and it is equivalent to the size of about 50 millimeters in height and 180 millimeters in width. Reference numeral 182 denotes a turn-by-turn guidance image drawing module that is a program for performing a drawing process of displaying a turn-by-turn guidance image. The turn-by-turn guidance drawing is a guidance drawing where an arrow is displayed along the route when guiding the user so that the user turns to the right or turning to the left in the intersection.
Since no map image is displayed according to man-machine specifications of the navigation device according to the sixth embodiment, any module for drawing a map image is not provided.
FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of a menu image displayed on the display 8 of 1-DIN size, and FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of the turn-by-turn guidance image displayed on the display 8 of 1-DIN size.
The user-interface-dependent module 37 receives information on a user's operation in a constant format by way of a platform-dependent module 34. The 1-DIN-size menu image drawing module 181 performs the drawing process of displaying the menu image on the display of 1-DIN size according to the user's operation, and the turn-by-turn guidance image drawing module 182 performs the drawing process of displaying the guidance image of the turn-by-turn guidance drawing. At this time, the 1-DIN-size menu image drawing module 181 and turn-by-turn guidance image drawing module 182 supply high-level constant instructions shown in the first embodiment to a graphics drawing module 51 of the platform-dependent module 34. As a result, the menu image is drawn by the 1-DIN-size menu image drawing module 181 as shown in FIG. 20 for example. Furthermore, the turn-by-turn guidance image is drawn by the turn-by-turn guidance image drawing module 182 as shown in FIG. 21 for example.
The explanation of other operations will be omitted hereafter since they are the same as those of the navigation device according to the fifth embodiment.
Therefore, all that is needed when changing the man-machine interface specifications, i.e., the user-interface specifications of the navigation device from the one according to the fifth embodiment to the one according to the sixth embodiment is to change only the user-interface-dependent module 37, there is no need to change the platform-dependent module 34, a navigation application module 35, and a map-database-dependent module 36.
As mentioned above, the sixth embodiment offers the same advantage as provided by the fifth embodiment.
FIG. 22 is a diagram hierarchically showing the structure of a navigation device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 191 denotes a navigation application module that is a program for performing navigation services which do not depend on a platform 38, such as a navigation application module 35, a map-database-dependent module 36, and a user-interface-dependent module 37, etc. according to the above-mentioned first embodiment.
The explanation of other components in FIG. 22 will be omitted hereafter since they are the same as those of the navigation device according to the above-mentioned first embodiment. Furthermore, the explanation of the operation of the navigation device according to the seventh embodiment will be omitted hereafter since it is the same as that of the navigation device according to the above-mentioned first embodiment.
As mentioned above, according to the seventh embodiment, the program to implement navigation services is divided into a part (i.e., the platform-dependent module 34) which depends on the platform 38, and a part (i.e., the navigation application module 191) which does not depend on the platform 38. Accordingly, the present embodiment offers an advantage of being able to decrease the amount of needed changes in the program which originates in a change in the platform 38, thus easily developing a navigation device.
FIG. 23 is a diagram hierarchically showing the structure of navigation device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 192 denotes a navigation application module for performing processes other than an access to a map database in accordance with a platform 38, and numeral 193 denotes a map-database-dependent module having a map-database-dependent module 36 and a map file access module 52 of a platform-dependent module 34 according to the above-mentioned first embodiment.
The explanation of other components in FIG. 23 will be omitted hereafter since they are the same as those of the navigation device according to the above-mentioned first embodiment. Furthermore, the explanation of the operation of each unit of the navigation device according to the eighth embodiment will be omitted hereafter since it is the same as that of the navigation device according to the above-mentioned first embodiment. However, the navigation application module 192 transfers and receives data directly to and from the platform 38 when performing processes other than an access to the map database.
As mentioned above, although according to the eighth embodiment the navigation application 192 must be changed as the platform 38 changes, the present embodiment offers an advantage of being able to decrease the amount of needed changes in the program which originates in a change in the recording format of the map database, thus easily developing a navigation device, like the above-mentioned second embodiment.
FIG. 24 is a diagram hierarchically showing the structure of a navigation device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 194 denotes a navigation application module for performing processes other than an process dependent on a user interface in accordance with a platform 38, and numeral 195 denotes a user-interface-dependent module having a user-interface-dependent module 37 and a graphic drawing module 51 of a platform-dependent module 34 according to the above-mentioned first embodiment.
The explanation of other components in FIG. 24 will be omitted hereafter since they are the same as those of the navigation device according to the above-mentioned first embodiment. Furthermore, the explanation of the operation of each unit of the navigation device according to the ninth embodiment will be omitted hereafter since it is the same as that of the navigation device according to the above-mentioned first embodiment. However, the navigation application module 194 transfers and receives data directly to and from the platform 38 when performing processes other than a process dependent on the user interface.
As mentioned above, although according to the ninth embodiment the navigation application 194 must be changed as the platform 38 changes, the present embodiment offers an advantage of being able to decrease the amount of needed changes in the program which originates in a change in the recording format of a map database, thus easily developing a navigation device, like the above-mentioned third embodiment.
The hardware configuration of the navigation device according to either of the third through ninth embodiments is the same as that of the navigation device according to the above-mentioned first embodiment. However, the program stored in the ROM 1 and the recording format of the map database stored in the DVD-ROM 21 in either of the third through ninth embodiments can differ from those of the first embodiment, as mentioned above. Alternatively, the hardware configuration of the navigation device according to either of the third through ninth embodiments can be the same as that of the navigation device according to the above-mentioned second embodiment. However, the program stored in the ROM 1 and the recording format of the map database stored in the hard disk drive 101 in either of the third through ninth embodiments can differ from those of the second embodiment, as mentioned above.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS5794164Nov 29, 1995Aug 11, 1998Microsoft CorporationVehicle computer systemUS6047280 *Oct 25, 1996Apr 4, 2000Navigation Technologies CorporationInterface layer for navigation systemUS6173277 *Sep 7, 1999Jan 9, 2001Navigation Technologies CorporationInterface layer for navigation systemUS6212474 *Nov 19, 1998Apr 3, 2001Navigation Technologies CorporationSystem and method for providing route guidance with a navigation application programUS6308177 *Jul 28, 1999Oct 23, 2001Vijaya S. IsraniSystem and method for use and storage of geographic data on physical mediaUS20010002454 *Nov 29, 2000May 31, 2001Shinya NarumiVehicle-mounted information processing device and storage mediumEP0833289A1 *Sep 12, 1997Apr 1, 1998Hitachi, Ltd.Navigation system and information medium for the navigation systemJPH11211489A Title not available* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1Kenya Sato et al.; "Development of a New Platform of a Navigation System for Vehicles", Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., No. 148, pp. 37-41, Mar., 1996.Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS6978206 *Jun 23, 2003Dec 20, 2005Infogation CorporationDistributed navigation systemUS7231296 *Apr 18, 2003Jun 12, 2007Xanavi Informatics CorporationDisplay device, information processing device, and information processing systemUS7415323Dec 15, 2003Aug 19, 2008Denso CorporationControl apparatus and program for vehicles, and method for developing the programUS7423771 *Jul 12, 2001Sep 9, 2008Sony CorporationOn-demand image delivery server, image resource database, client terminal, and method of displaying retrieval resultUS7773952 *Jul 23, 2004Aug 10, 2010Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbhSystem for providing data in a mobile deviceUS7880602 *Feb 26, 2008Feb 1, 2011Fujitsu Ten LimitedImage display control apparatusUS7904547Feb 21, 2006Mar 8, 2011International Business Machines CorporationMethod, system, and program product for optimizing monitoring and discovery services for a grid computing environmentUS8117611 *Mar 1, 2006Feb 14, 2012International Business Machines CorporationMethod, system, and program product for deploying a platform dependent application in a grid environmentUS8286157Feb 28, 2005Oct 9, 2012International Business Machines CorporationMethod, system and program product for managing applications in a shared computer infrastructureUS8306735 *Jul 15, 2009Nov 6, 2012GM Global Technology Operations LLCSystem and method for managing geographical maplet downloads for a vehicle to support stop sign violation assist and similar applicationsUS8370059 *Jul 31, 2008Feb 5, 2013Aisin Aw Co., Ltd.Navigation apparatus and navigation programUS8593341Jul 1, 2010Nov 26, 2013Seiko Epson CorporationPosition calculation method and position calculation apparatusUS20040135328 *Dec 22, 2003Jul 15, 2004K-2 CorporationFlexing base skateUS20050075783 *Jul 23, 2004Apr 7, 2005Stefan WolfSystem for providing data in a mobile deviceUS20090043493 *Jul 31, 2008Feb 12, 2009Aisin Aw Co., Ltd.Navigation apparatus and navigation programUS20110015854 *Jul 15, 2009Jan 20, 2011Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc.@@General Motors CorporationSystem and Method for Managing Geographical Maplet Downloads for a Vehicle to Support Stop Sign Violation Assist and Similar Applications* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification701/520, 701/1, 340/990, 340/988, 340/995.1, 701/532International ClassificationG06F9/06, G08G1/0969, G01C21/26, G01C21/00, G06F17/30, G08G1/00Cooperative ClassificationG01C21/26European ClassificationG01C21/26Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionNov 29, 2000ASAssignmentApr 28, 2006FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4May 3, 2010FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Apr 30, 2014FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 12RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services


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This Love (The Veronicas song) - Wikipedia
(2007) "This Love"
(2008) "Take Me on the Floor"
"This Love" is a dance-rock song written by Toby Gad and at that time-unknown pop singer Kesha, produced by Gad for The Veronicas second album Hook Me Up (2007). It was released as the album's third single in Australia as a digital download on 30 March 2008 and CD single 14 April 2008.
Its lyrics describe a long distance relationship, and how they won't give up on the relationship and love while they're apart from each other. The song became a top ten hit in Australia and top twenty hit in New Zealand, peaking at number ten and fourteen respectively. Allmusic calls "This Love" "an utterly charming dance-rock confection that, in its last minute, abruptly unleashes a euphoric synthesizer countermelody whose nod to a-ha's 'Take on Me' is unmissable."[1] The song is synth based with an 808 based drum beat.
The music video for the song was filmed at The Storrier in Potts Point, Australia and took one week to film various scenes around Sydney. The video premiered on Australian music channels on 25 March 2008. It features two males playing each of The Veronicas partners, including ex-Australian Idol contestant Dean Geyer as one of them (Lisa Origliasso's partner, whom she was also dating at the time). The Veronicas state that they included their real life boyfriends in the video to show a more real side to their relationships.
"This Love" — 2:59
"Don't Say Goodbye" (featuring Tania Doko) — 2:56
"This Love" had commercial success in Australia and New Zealand. In late-April 2008 it debuted at number fourteen on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart.[2] On its fifth week on the chart at peaked at number ten and went to spend five months on the chart.[2] The Australian Recording Industry Association awarded the single a gold certification for shipping 35,000 copies.[3] In New Zealand, the single debuted at number thirty-seven on the New Zealand RIANZ Singles Chart, and went to peak at number fourteen, spending a total of fourteen weeks on the chart.[4]
Australian ARIA Singles Chart[2] 10
New Zealand RIANZ Singles Chart[4] 14
Australia ARIA End of Year Singles #60[5]
Australia 10 March 2008 Sire Records Digital download 9362498706
14 April 2008 CD single
^ allmusic review of album Hook Me Up
^ a b c "This Love - Australian chart run". Australian-charts.com. Retrieved 26 October 2008.
^ "ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2008 Singles". ARIA. Retrieved 26 October 2008.
^ a b "This Love - New Zealand chart run". Charts.org.nz. Retrieved 26 October 2008.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=This_Love_(The_Veronicas_song)&oldid=803247907"

value: This website is the English-language edition of the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia. It was founded on 15 January 2001 as Wikipedia's first edition and, as of October 2021, has the most articles of any edition, at 6,412,521.


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Below .500For the first time since April, the Yankees have more losses than wins after they got swept at the Stadium by the rival Rays. Tampa Bay 6, Yankees 3 Rapid Reaction »
Teixeira has knee drained »
More »Jim McIsaac/Getty Images
Tweets fromChoose FilterClear FiltersESPN TalentPlayersMediaAdamRubinESPN Adam RubinGavin Cecchini (groin) appeared in a game for the first time in 10 days with Binghamton, although it didn't last long. Game suspended in 2nd28 minutes ago AndrewMarchand Andrew MarchandRapid Reaction: Yankees 4, Rays 1 http://t.co/TeoEMkglcB52 minutes ago AdamRubinESPN Adam RubinDaniel Murphy finally on track at plate http://t.co/w2fazAHb9a #NYM #Metsabout an hour ago AdamRubinESPN Adam RubinStatement or not, Dillon Gee dazzles http://t.co/cnbuqAWlRO #NYM #Metsabout an hour ago NotoriousOHM Ohm Youngmisuk@ColemanESPN YES FREDDIE! GUY!!!!about an hour ago AdamRubinESPN Adam RubinThis is nothing like the Whalers moving from Hartford to Raleigh. Brooklyn is close. And it's not the team's fault. But still stings.about an hour ago AdamRubinESPN Adam RubinIslanders are really the only pro sports team I ever seriously rooted for -- and definitely since becoming a sports writer.about an hour ago AdamRubinESPN Adam RubinTwo-hit shutout for Noah Syndergaard with 9 Ks in Las Vegas' 8-0 win. (Seven-inning game because it's a doubleheader.)about an hour ago AdamRubinESPN Adam RubinStatement or not, Dillon Gee dazzles: http://t.co/X8dWpNy8P6 #metsabout an hour ago RichCimini Rich CiminiJets draft buzz: Looking to trade down. Not as high on Mariota as you might think. Gurley a factor. #nyj http://t.co/DVkMp0nsrtabout an hour ago AdamRubinESPN Adam RubinNoah Syndergaard has a one-hit shutout thru 6 IP tonight for Las Vegas. Eight strikeouts and no walks.about an hour ago AdamRubinESPN Adam RubinDanny Muno demoted to Las Vegas http://t.co/92pbImAVDW #NYM #Metsabout an hour ago AdamRubinESPN Adam RubinDaniel Murphy on his nice fielding play in the bottom of 9th: “It was a lot easier to catch it with your glove than it is with your neck.”about an hour ago Buster_ESPN Buster OlneyYankees now 10 wins in their last 14 games, overall the best run differential in AL East: http://t.co/o6aJ0vjYG4about 2 hours ago AdamRubinESPN Adam RubinBeen going to Nassau Coliseum for 35 years. Hard to believe it's over.about 2 hours ago AdamRubinESPN Adam Rubin0-for-14 on the power play in the series.about 2 hours ago Buster_ESPN Buster OlneyThe Orioles' series could be moved because of rioting, reports @EddieInTheYard: http://t.co/UcScYPRtQrabout 2 hours ago AdamRubinESPN Adam RubinIsles going to the power play with 2:54 to go. Down 2-1.about 2 hours ago Buster_ESPN Buster OlneyShin-Soo Choo hitting .102. 5-for-49. http://t.co/Ozj7EKdXM6about 2 hours ago KatieStrangESPN Katie StrangBolts win it 5-2. Headed to Game 7about 2 hours ago ESPNNewYork.com on Twitter »
Once Alex Rodriguez matches Willie Mays on the all-time HR list (he needs one HR to match him at 660), should the Yankees pay him his $6 million bonus? 67% Yes ... a deal's a deal, there's no backing out now for the Yankees. 33% No ... A-Rod's an admitted cheater. Those homers aren't clean, so he shouldn't get the bonus. (Total votes: 2,929)More Polls »

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Laurent Raynaud - Semantic Scholar
Mathieu Boutonnet2
Jean-Louis Daban2
Anthony F Shenton2
5Star Khoza
5Patience Chingombe
5Mandy Maredza
5Dexter Tagwireyi
2Alain Benois
Clinical and therapeutic aspects of childhood kerosene poisoning in Djibouti.
Alain Benois, Fabrice Petitjeans, Laurent Raynaud, Eric Dardare, Hervé Sergent
We report a prospective and descriptive study about childhood acute poisoning with kerosene in Djibouti. Acute poisoning is a common and stable occurrence in low socioeconomic groups in Africa, where… (More)
Triage protocol: both undertriage and overtriage need to be evaluated.
Laurent Raynaud, Marc Borne, Sébastien Coste, Jean-louis Daban, Jean-P Tourtier
[Janeway erythremic hand lesions].
Jean-louis Daban, Laurent Raynaud, L. Grasser
Mathieu Boutonnet, Pierre Pasquier, +5 authors Sylvain Ausset
OBJECTIVE The French Military Health Service (FMHS) has developed a training program for medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) of critical care patients on fixed wing aircraft. METHODS We conducted a… (More)
[Lateralized thoracic epidural].
Raphaël Paris, Laurent Raynaud, Yann Portron, Elodie Schaeffer
Un homme de 20 ans devait subir une thoraco-vidéoscopie pour talcage pleural. Il a donné son consentement pour la publication de ce cas. Avant l’induction de l’anesthésie, un cathéter (18G, extrémité… (More)
Disposition of children with burns in emergency departments in Île de France.
Jean - Pierre Tourtier, Laurent Raynaud, Olivier le Gall, Isabelle Murat
The majority of burn injuries are managed by emergency departments (EDs), which are the pivotal axis in patient assessment. The aim of this study was to investigate the discharge destination of… (More)
[Basedow's ophthalmopathy].
Laurent Raynaud, Alain Benois, Patrice Lafond

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Words that end in ainlines | Words ending in ainlines
Words that end in ainlines | Words ending in ainlines http://www.thefreedictionary.com/words-that-end-in-ainlinesPrinter Friendly
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Words that end in ainlines
Found 1 words that end in ainlines. Browse our Scrabble Word Finder, Words With Friends cheat dictionary, and WordHub word solver to find words that end with ainlines. Or use our Unscramble word solver to find your best possible play! Related: Words containing ainlines
9-letter words that end in ainlinesSee also9-letter words that end in ainlinesmainlinesSee also:2-letter words with CWords that start with tWords that start with kWords that start with iWords that start with vWords that end in iWords that end in inlines

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Mid June Madness - Coki Song - BBC Music The BBC has updated its cookie policy. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. This includes cookies from third party social media websites if you visit a page which contains embedded content from social media. Such third party cookies may track your use of the BBC website. We and our partners also use cookies to ensure we show you advertising that is relevant to you. If you continue without changing your settings, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies on the BBC website. However, you can change your cookie settings at any time. Continue Change settings Find out more ]]> Accessibility links Skip to content Accessibility Help BBC iD Notifications
]]> Music Tracks Performances Playlists Artists More My Music Menu My Music Home Tracks Popular Find a Track Recommended Performances Popular All Recommended Playlists Featured All Recommended Artists Popular All Recommended More BBC Music News LIVE BBC Music My Generation BBC Introducing BBC Music in iPlayer BBC Proms Glastonbury BBC Performing Groups Sound Of 2017 My Music My Tracks My Performances My Interviews My Playlists My Artists Mid June Madness Share this track Share this with Digg Facebook Google LinkedIn Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter Copy this link http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/records/nnzjr2 Read more about sharing. Add Artist Coki Languages:

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mywifebroughtmehere comments on Review #1: Elijah Craig Barrel Proofjump to contentmy subredditsannouncementsArtAskRedditaskscienceawwblogbookscreepydataisbeautifulDIYDocumentariesEarthPornexplainlikeimfiveFitnessfoodfunnyFuturologygadgetsgamingGetMotivatedgifshistoryIAmAInternetIsBeautifulJokesLifeProTipslistentothismildlyinterestingmoviesMusicnewsnosleepnottheonionOldSchoolCoolpersonalfinancephilosophyphotoshopbattlespicsscienceShowerthoughtsspacesportstelevisiontifutodayilearnedTwoXChromosomesUpliftingNewsvideosworldnewsWritingPromptsedit subscriptionsfront-all-random | history-funny-movies-gaming-Jokes-mildlyinteresting-nosleep-TwoXChromosomes-philosophy-nottheonion-gadgets-todayilearned-Music-photoshopbattles-gifs-videos-askscience-dataisbeautiful-LifeProTips-IAmA-OldSchoolCool-EarthPorn-food-tifu-television-personalfinance-space-explainlikeimfive-news-pics-Art-science-Showerthoughts-Documentaries-DIY-books-GetMotivated-WritingPrompts-listentothis-creepy-AskReddit-InternetIsBeautiful-aww-Fitness-sports-worldnews-UpliftingNews-Futurologymore » bourboncommentsrelatedwant to join? login or register in seconds|Englishlimit my search to /r/bourbonuse the following search parameters to narrow your results:subreddit:subredditfind submissions in "subreddit"author:usernamefind submissions by "username"site:example.comfind submissions from "example.com"url:textsearch for "text" in urlselftext:textsearch for "text" in self post contentsself:yes (or self:no)include (or exclude) self postsnsfw:yes (or nsfw:no)include (or exclude) results marked as NSFWe.g. subreddit:aww site:imgur.com dogsee the search faq for details.advanced search: by author, subreddit...this post was submitted on 02 Aug 201323 points (89% upvoted)shortlink: remember mereset passwordloginSubmit a new linkSubmit a new text postbourbonsubscribeunsubscribe19,175 readers~25 users here nowr/Whisky r/WorldWhisky r/Scotch Whiskey/Scotchswap /r/Whiskyporn Whisky Network Guide
created by TheColonelRowan's Creeka community for 4 yearsmessage the moderatorsMODERATORSTheColonelRowan's CreekRustyPipesEvan Williams Single Barrel '01texacerWilliam Larue WellerHailchaosHigh West Rendezvous Ryezillah1985Elmer T. LeedustlesswalnutHW Midwinter Night's DramEMoneySC2Whistle Pig Boss Hog222324Review #1: Elijah Craig Barrel Proof (i.imgur.com)submitted 1 year ago by thepolishlad'09 George T. Stagg29 commentssharecancelsorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onloading...sorted by: bestbesttopnewhotcontroversialoldrandomyou are viewing a single comment's thread.view the rest of the comments →[–]mywifebroughtmehereKnob Creek Single Barrel 0 points1 point2 points 1 year ago (0 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onI have found that the barrel proof bourbons make a great old fashioned and can even stand up to a large cube of ice. I must try this, eventually. I have so much bourbon stocked up right now I had to promise myself not to buy anymore until I finish the bottles I have now. And also to never buy a 1.75 again.
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SWITL robotic hand: Japanese device can scoop up 'liquid' spills without ANY mess | Daily Mail Online
Say goodbye to ketchup stains: Incredible device can scoop up 'liquid' spills without ANY mess
Updated: 09:53 EDT, 14 June 2011
For any parent, the nightmare of cleaning up after the little one has enjoyed spaghetti bolognese is enough to make you cringe.
But an amazing new device invented in Japan could make even scooping up ketchup or mayonnaise a doddle.
The SWITL robotic hand features a conveyor belt, believed to be made from Teflon, which moves so fast it is able to pick up semi-liquid spills without leaving a mess.
The device has to be seen in action to be believed.
How does it work? The SWITL is able to scoop up semi-liquid marks - like this mixture of ketchup and mayonnaise - without leaving any mess
Created by Furukawa Kikou, the technology was originally developed for bakeries where some products were too soft for human hands.
The company has not released any additional information on the device, which is still awaiting a patent before it could be made available commercially.
Online gadget enthusiasts have speculated the video could either be fake or edited.
Geek.com speculates the device, which first entered development four years ago, could have an hydrophobic surface - where a molecule is repelled from a body of water - allowing the 'stain' to slip off the conveyor belt relatively untouched.
No more ketchup stains? The product has yet to receive a patent and designer Furukawa Kikou has not revealed how the conveyor belt mechanism is able to pick up the marks
Clean: Whatever the device picks up moves underneath it on the conveyor belt, and can then be 'dropped off' perfectly undisturbed
But a high-speed version of the robotic arm has also found a role for packing fragile semi-liquid products - which could include some meat products or gels.
A statement from Furukawa Kikou posted on akihabaranews.com said: 'The SWITL sheet is wrapped around a sliding plate, and it's fixed at one side, while the plate moves.
'So items can be loaded and unloaded without altering relative positions.
'Currently the sheet is made of Teflon, but we think we can achieve the same performance using other materials for the sheet.'
SWITL robotic hand: Japanese device can scoop up 'liquid' spills without ANY mess

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Brihat_Samhita_(Chidambaram_Iyer)
P. 1Brihat_Samhita_(Chidambaram_Iyer)Brihat_Samhita_(Chidambaram_Iyer)Ratings: (0)|Views: 32
|Likes: 2Published by vasuinMore info:Published by: vasuin on Feb 19, 2011Copyright:Attribution Non-commercialAvailability:Read on Scribd mobile: iPhone, iPad and Android.download as PDF, TXT or read online from ScribdFlag for inappropriate content|Add to collectionSee moreSee lesshttp://www.scribd.com/doc/49169219/Brihat-Samhita-Chidambaram-Iyer01/06/2013pdftextoriginal You're Reading a Free Preview
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Exotic Woven Sofa Design Ideas, Pictures, Remodel and Decor
"exotic woven sofa"
Find out if your remodeling dreams fit your budget reality.Try the Real Cost Finder 1,476 exotic woven sofa Home Design Photos
Ideabooks14,573	Questions27	I am interested in the cost of the sofa and its overall demensionsWhat is the sofa fabric color. I have found the sofa but need to order fabric samples.I would like to know who makes this sofa and is it available to order with custom fabrics.These sofas were originally purchased through Heirloom Furniture. You may be able to find them now through Century Furniture. They are sofas and not loveseatsYes, I do believe Century carries this sofa now or something very similar. This sofa pictured used to be in the Heirloom Furniture collectionI like your choice of settees rather than elongated sofas in your room treatments. It avoids that "sardine"effect, which means someone always has to sit in the middle of a three seat sofa. I am gravitating towards two Louis XVi settees facing each other, two openwhere can i find the sofa?color - Walls are Fresh Air by Benjamin Moore and trim is Whispering Birch by Duron — sidhuharneet Embed
$12.35 Olive Green Honed Limestone Tiles, Olive Green, 12x12x3/8
$27.99 SaveEmail	Leib Designs12 Reviews
Ideabooks3,976	Questions12	Can you tell me the color of the sofa? Also are the cushionswalnut 5" plank, with a natural matte finish. I want to say that it is exotic, warm, and beautiful, but would like to share with you that the walnut hasa conversation on a space I put together. I am kind of blushing :). This sofa with a classical shape, was bought from Restoration Hardware. It is a tuftedcolor than the swatch sample we had, but we worked so hard to put this big sofa through the stairwells and doors, that there was no chance we would taketell me the color of the sofa? Thanks...Where can I find the sofa?
Thank you...Love the style of the sofaChesterfield Sofa — vanbirdy Embed
Ideabooks3,574	Questions8	What are the dimensions of this room & the sofa?The sofa is a custom upholstered Husdon Furniture model called RitaHi, just wondering what make brand the sofa is?The specs on the sofa can be viewed here: ...The sofa is a custom design from Hudson Furniture.Different colour for chairs and sofa...waterfall woven wood shade, hmmm...sofa style...taupe sofa, graphic curtains...sofa upholstery...Sofa pillows...Hudson furniture Rita sofa...The single sofa. Looks comfortable.Coffee table — mss617 Embed
Ideabooks2,326	Questions5	bedroom window treatments? Black out woven wood shadesor pale natural-fiber rug, woven shades and creamy linen throw pillowslightening up leather sofa with neautralstraditional or pale natural-fiber rug, woven shades and creamy linen throw pillows.In the cosy family room, a leather sofa the family has always had standsgold. Try crisp white walls, a faded traditional or pale natural-fibre rug, woven shades and creamy linen throw pillows.In the cozy family room, a leather sofa the family has always had stands up to anything they throw at it. “It’s not a typical choice for a beach cottage5. Light neutrals. Lighten up a leather sofa or furniture set by surrounding it with soft, warm neutrals, like ivory,Color scheme — kelseymlee1 Embed
Ideabooks2,012	Questions8	Yes, I was the Interior Designer for this project. We bought the sofa from Abigail Ahern which you can buy on line. Warm regards, Rebecca.Does anyone know where this sofa is from??combo of sofas and chairs, and switch them around as and when you need to. So you can have individual seats when guests pop round or a giant sofa when youGo largeFor cosy lounging and sociable gatherings, choose the biggest sofa your space can handle. This airy room easily accommodates this plump modularCombine modern lines and pretty flowersThis sofa hits the jackpot by being a contemporary modular design covered in a traditionalStunning sofa, where is it from pleaseCoffe table — hannahmj03 Embed
Ideabooks12,972	Questions22	Hello, could you please share the model of the sofas and the name of the store? Thanks in advance.Where can I buy the pillows on the sofa? I love the colors in this room!Hi, I'd like to say it's some exotic color, but actually it's just a standard ceiling white!I really wanted these sofas. Unfortunately, when it was ready to purchase them the salesperson at Cratediscontinued. Check ZGallerie.com. After looking and looking I found the Pierre sofas on their website. I have them in my living room and I love them. They lookHi, These are the Barrington Sofa from Crate and Barrel. We chose a charcoal colored flannel.Wall color purple accents gray sofa...Do you like this style of sofa?like furniture — knralston Embed
Ideabooks3,044	Questions5	sectional sofa - what is the manufacturer and where to purchase?Love the room. Where can the lamp and Lounge sofa be purchasedstarkly contemporary black metal floor lamp is enticingly paired with an exotic table lamp in a brass finish. They remind me in the most wonderfully obliquestarkly contemporary black metal floor lamp is enticingly paired with an exotic table lamp in a brass finish. They remind me in the most wonderfully obliqueThe low back on this one keeps the large sofa from overtaking the room.Remember when 1970's-era, over-the-sofa arc lamps had a resurgence back in 2003-2004? During this time, loads ofminimalist sleek — gloriabartlett Embed
Ideabooks39,940	Questions20	Modular sofa system available in two versions, Small or Plus. Components for both sizes include a chaise, one-armed end unit, central unit, corner, andPlease can you tell me who is supplier of the sofa in UK? Do you have a link to the site? DoWhat are the dimensions of this big sectional sofa (and link to site)?Please email info@usonahome.com and reference Modular Sofa 00638 for custom pricing.neutrals, so truly any paint color would work, but white walls with a white sofa are starkly beautiful; particularly when your furniture pieces are sculpturalWoven linen-like texture, neutral tone, removable cushions, wide armson something that might not work in another home. Extra-long and L-shape sofas can be tricky to position in smaller rooms, so choose one only if it is perfectrug, coffee table — Greg Dunn Embed

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Black Spirits and White by Ralph Adams Cram published by Tartarus Press | eBay
Details about Black Spirits and White by Ralph Adams Cram published by Tartarus Press
“Some marks on cover”
08 Feb, 2020 07:33:54 GMT
jessicajoan21 (1565 )
Vintage Book, Lucie Attwell's Book of Rhymes - Published by Dean & Son 1962
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Jane Austen set of all seven published complete novels 1923
Mohammad the prophet of Islam - Abd Al-Samii Al Misry - Published in Cairo 1953
killarney views ! published by d.f. o'sullivans stores . killarney early 1900s
Andersen's Fairy Tales by Hans Andersen Published by John F. Shaw 1928
173880733237
Last updated on 06 Feb, 2020 20:44:31 GMT View all revisions
Publisher: Tartarus Author: Ralph Adams Cram
Fiction Subject: Ghost stories Special Attributes: Limited Edition
Ironstone White Adams Pottery,
White Decorative Adams Pottery,
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JJ Adams White Art,
Adam Chrome White Fireplaces,
Black Adams Pottery,
Ralph Waldo Emerson Mind, Body & Spirit Books,

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Words that end in athname | Words ending in athname
Words that end in athname | Words ending in athname http://www.thefreedictionary.com/words-that-end-in-athnamePrinter Friendly
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Words that end in athname
Found 1 words that end in athname. Browse our Scrabble Word Finder, Words With Friends cheat dictionary, and WordHub word solver to find words that end with athname. Or use our Unscramble word solver to find your best possible play! Related: Words containing athname
8-letter words that end in athnameSee also8-letter words that end in athnamepathnameSee also:2-letter words with ZWords that start with oWords that start with dWords that end in vWords that start with zWords that start with xWords that end in thname


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Re: Snapseed available for Android: Android Talk Forum: Digital Photography Review
Re: Snapseed available for Android In reply to svegress,
Yes, the lack of the option to save edited images at full size is common to most editing apps. Pixlr-o-matic, a review of which we will post within the next couple of days or so, is one example that allows you to do that and works fine with the Galaxy Camera. It's a very different app to Snapseed though.I agree on your assessment on the Galaxy Camera. It's a first generation product (although not the first Android camera, there was a Polaroid model and the Nikon SC800, both of which are nowhere near as good as the Galaxy). It'll be exciting to see what else there is to come.-- hide signature --Lars Rehm, dpreview.comTwitter: @larsrehm Reply Reply with quote Complain
Top threads in this forum4Using Canon Print app on Android - Note 34Samsung and Non-Removable Battery1Light L16 Camera1anyone using Android 6.0 yet?
Top posters in this forum8Tuxdude6Russell Evans3Steve Bingham3teddoman2wklee2M4cr0s2lanefAU2David Tallboys1Mark B.1Fredy Ross1rsn481sarah119181Photoblaz11marks1231markyboy811Sinatra1Fimagena1Michael EOS5D

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