def plot_turnover(returns, transactions, positions,
                  legend_loc='best', ax=None, **kwargs):
    """
    Plots turnover vs. date.

    Turnover is the number of shares traded for a period as a fraction
    of total shares.

    Displays daily total, daily average per month, and all-time daily
    average.

    Parameters
    ----------
    returns : pd.Series
        Daily returns of the strategy, noncumulative.
         - See full explanation in tears.create_full_tear_sheet.
    transactions : pd.DataFrame
        Prices and amounts of executed trades. One row per trade.
         - See full explanation in tears.create_full_tear_sheet.
    positions : pd.DataFrame
        Daily net position values.
         - See full explanation in tears.create_full_tear_sheet.
    legend_loc : matplotlib.loc, optional
        The location of the legend on the plot.
    ax : matplotlib.Axes, optional
        Axes upon which to plot.
    **kwargs, optional
        Passed to plotting function.

    Returns
    -------
    ax : matplotlib.Axes
        The axes that were plotted on.
    """

    if ax is None:
        ax = plt.gca()

    y_axis_formatter = FuncFormatter(utils.two_dec_places)
    ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(FuncFormatter(y_axis_formatter))

    df_turnover = txn.get_turnover(positions, transactions)
    df_turnover_by_month = df_turnover.resample("M").mean()
    df_turnover.plot(color='steelblue', alpha=1.0, lw=0.5, ax=ax, **kwargs)
    df_turnover_by_month.plot(
        color='orangered',
        alpha=0.5,
        lw=2,
        ax=ax,
        **kwargs)
    ax.axhline(
        df_turnover.mean(), color='steelblue', linestyle='--', lw=3, alpha=1.0)
    ax.legend(['Daily turnover',
               'Average daily turnover, by month',
               'Average daily turnover, net'],
              loc=legend_loc, frameon=True, framealpha=0.5)
    ax.set_title('Daily turnover')
    ax.set_xlim((returns.index[0], returns.index[-1]))
    ax.set_ylim((0, 2))
    ax.set_ylabel('Turnover')
    ax.set_xlabel('')
    return ax
def plot_turnover(returns, transactions, positions,
                  legend_loc='best', ax=None, **kwargs):
    """
    Plots turnover vs. date.

    Turnover is the number of shares traded for a period as a fraction
    of total shares.

    Displays daily total, daily average per month, and all-time daily
    average.

    Parameters
    ----------
    returns : pd.Series
        Daily returns of the strategy, noncumulative.
         - See full explanation in tears.create_full_tear_sheet.
    transactions : pd.DataFrame
        Prices and amounts of executed trades. One row per trade.
         - See full explanation in tears.create_full_tear_sheet.
    positions : pd.DataFrame
        Daily net position values.
         - See full explanation in tears.create_full_tear_sheet.
    legend_loc : matplotlib.loc, optional
        The location of the legend on the plot.
    ax : matplotlib.Axes, optional
        Axes upon which to plot.
    **kwargs, optional
        Passed to plotting function.

    Returns
    -------
    ax : matplotlib.Axes
        The axes that were plotted on.
    """

    if ax is None:
        ax = plt.gca()

    y_axis_formatter = FuncFormatter(utils.two_dec_places)
    ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(FuncFormatter(y_axis_formatter))

    df_turnover = txn.get_turnover(positions, transactions)
    df_turnover_by_month = df_turnover.resample("M").mean()
    df_turnover.plot(color='steelblue', alpha=1.0, lw=0.5, ax=ax, **kwargs)
    df_turnover_by_month.plot(
        color='orangered',
        alpha=0.5,
        lw=2,
        ax=ax,
        **kwargs)
    ax.axhline(
        df_turnover.mean(), color='steelblue', linestyle='--', lw=3, alpha=1.0)
    ax.legend(['Daily turnover',
               'Average daily turnover, by month',
               'Average daily turnover, net'],
              loc=legend_loc, frameon=True, framealpha=0.5)
    ax.set_title('Daily turnover')
    ax.set_xlim((returns.index[0], returns.index[-1]))
    ax.set_ylim((0, 2))
    ax.set_ylabel('Turnover')
    ax.set_xlabel('')
    return ax
def plot_turnover ( returns , transactions , positions , legend_loc = 'best' , ax = None , * * kwargs ) : if ax is None : ax = plt . gca ( ) y_axis_formatter = FuncFormatter ( utils . two_dec_places ) ax . yaxis . set_major_formatter ( FuncFormatter ( y_axis_formatter ) ) df_turnover = txn . get_turnover ( positions , transactions ) df_turnover_by_month = df_turnover . resample ( "M" ) . mean ( ) df_turnover . plot ( color = 'steelblue' , alpha = 1.0 , lw = 0.5 , ax = ax , * * kwargs ) df_turnover_by_month . plot ( color = 'orangered' , alpha = 0.5 , lw = 2 , ax = ax , * * kwargs ) ax . axhline ( df_turnover . mean ( ) , color = 'steelblue' , linestyle = '--' , lw = 3 , alpha = 1.0 ) ax . legend ( [ 'Daily turnover' , 'Average daily turnover, by month' , 'Average daily turnover, net' ] , loc = legend_loc , frameon = True , framealpha = 0.5 ) ax . set_title ( 'Daily turnover' ) ax . set_xlim ( ( returns . index [ 0 ] , returns . index [ - 1 ] ) ) ax . set_ylim ( ( 0 , 2 ) ) ax . set_ylabel ( 'Turnover' ) ax . set_xlabel ( '' ) return ax
Plots turnover vs. date.

    Turnover is the number of shares traded for a period as a fraction
    of total shares.

    Displays daily total, daily average per month, and all-time daily
    average.

    Parameters
    ----------
    returns : pd.Series
        Daily returns of the strategy, noncumulative.
         - See full explanation in tears.create_full_tear_sheet.
    transactions : pd.DataFrame
        Prices and amounts of executed trades. One row per trade.
         - See full explanation in tears.create_full_tear_sheet.
    positions : pd.DataFrame
        Daily net position values.
         - See full explanation in tears.create_full_tear_sheet.
    legend_loc : matplotlib.loc, optional
        The location of the legend on the plot.
    ax : matplotlib.Axes, optional
        Axes upon which to plot.
    **kwargs, optional
        Passed to plotting function.

    Returns
    -------
    ax : matplotlib.Axes
        The axes that were plotted on.
Plots turnover vs . date .