Instruct: Given a legal statement, retrieve articles that support it
Query: 
A contract to the effect that B would sell C a land "X" owned by A (hereinafter referred to as the "Contract for Sale") was concluded.
In the case where, at the time when the Contract for Sale was concluded, B did not know that the ownership of the land "X" did not belong to B and C knew that the ownership of the land "X" did not belong to B, if B cannot acquire the ownership of the land "X" and transfer the same to C, B may cancel the Contract for Sale by notifying C to the effect that B cannot transfer the ownership of the land "X".


Article 561
If the subject matter of a sale is another person's right (including a part of a right that belongs to another person), the seller bears an obligation to acquire the right and transfer it to the buyer..


Article 537 (1) If one of the parties promises in a contract to render a certain performance to a third party, the third party has the right to claim that performance directly from the obligor.
Article 538 (1) After rights of the third party have accrued pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Article, the parties may not modify or extinguish those rights.
(2) If, after rights of the third party accrue pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Article, the obligor does not perform the obligation to the third party, the other party to the contract referred to in paragraph (1) of that Article may not cancel the contract without the consent of the third party.


Article 349
The pledgor may not, either by the acts establishing pledges or by contracts made prior to the due dates for the obligations, allow the pledgee to acquire ownership of the thing pledged as satisfaction of the obligations, nor promise to allow the pledgee to dispose of it in any manner other than is prescribed by law..


Article 613 (3) If the lessee lawfully subleases a leased thing, the lessor may not duly assert against the sublessee the cancellation by agreement of the lease with the lessee; provided, however, that this does not apply if, at the time of the cancellation, the lessor has a right to cancel due to non-performance on the part of the lessee.


Article 559
The provisions of this Section apply mutatis mutandis to contracts for value other than contracts for sale;provided, however, that this does not apply when it is not permitted by the nature of the contract for value.
Article 572
Even if the seller makes a special agreement to the effect that the seller does not warrant in the case prescribed in the main clause of Article 562, paragraph (1) or Article 565, the seller may not be released from that responsibility with respect to any fact that the seller knew but did not disclose, and with respect to any right that the seller personally created for or assigned to a third party..


Article 572
Even if the seller makes a special agreement to the effect that the seller does not warrant in the case prescribed in the main clause of Article 562, paragraph (1) or Article 565, the seller may not be released from that responsibility with respect to any fact that the seller knew but did not disclose, and with respect to any right that the seller personally created for or assigned to a third party..


Article 424-5 If the obligee is entitled to make demand rescission for fraudulent act against the beneficiary, and a person subsequently acquires the property which has been transferred to the beneficiary, the obligee may also make demand for rescission of fraudulent act against the subsequent acquirer only in the situations specified in the following items according to the categories set forth in the respective items:
(i) if the subsequent acquirer acquires the property from the beneficiary: the subsequent acquirer, at the time of the acquisition, knows that the obligor's act will be prejudicial to the obligee; or
(ii) if the subsequent acquirer acquires the property from another subsequent acquirer: the relevant subsequent acquirer and all the subsequent acquirers that previously acquired the property, at the time of their respective acquisitions, know that the obligor's act will be prejudicial to the obligee.
Article 424 (1) An obligee may demand the court to rescind an act which the obligor commits knowing that it will prejudice the obligee; provided, however, that this does not apply if a person that benefits from that act (hereinafter referred to as the "beneficiary" in this Subsection) does not know, at the time of the act, that the obligee will be prejudiced.


Article 651 (1) A mandate may be cancelled by either party at any time.
(2) In the following cases, a party that has cancelled a mandate pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph must compensate for damage suffered by the other party; provided, however, that this does not apply if there was a compelling reason for the cancellation:
(i) if the party cancels the mandate at a time that is detrimental to the other party; or
(ii) if the mandator cancels the mandate for which the purpose includes the interests for the mandatary (excluding the profit to be obtained exclusively by receiving remuneration).


Article 117 (1) A person who concludes a contract as an agent of another person is liable to the counterparty for the performance of the contract or compensation for loss or damage, as chosen by the counterparty, unless the person proves the authority to represent or the principal ratifies the contract.
(2) The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply in the following cases:
(i) if the counterparty knew that the person who concluded the contract as an agent of the other person had no authority to represent;
(ii) if the counterparty was negligent in not knowing that the person who concluded the contract as an agent of the other person had no authority to represent; provided, however, that this does not apply if the person who concluded a contract as an agent of the other person knew themselves to have no authority to represent; or
(iii) if the legal capacity to act of the person who concluded the contract as an agent of the other person was subject to restrictions.


Article 213
(1) If the partition of land creates a parcel of land that has no access to public roads, the owner of that parcel of land may pass to the public roads only through the lands owned by another person that participated in the partition.In this case, it is necessary to pay compensation.
(2) The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis if the owner of land transfers part of the land to another person..


Article 598
(1) In the case prescribed in paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, upon the passage of a period that is sufficient for the borrower to use and make profit from the borrowed thing in line with the purpose referred to in that paragraph, the lender may cancel the contract.
(2) If the parties do not specify a period of a loan for use or a purpose of using and making profit from the borrowed thing, the lender may cancel the contract at any time.
(3) The borrower may cancel the contract at any time..


Article 292
If dominant land is co-owned by more than one person, and expiry of prescription period is postponed or prescription period is renewed in favor of one co-owner, the postponement of expiry of prescription period or the renewal of prescription period is also effective for the benefit of other co-owners..


Article 213
(1) If the partition of land creates a parcel of land that has no access to public roads, the owner of that parcel of land may pass to the public roads only through the lands owned by another person that participated in the partition.In this case, it is necessary to pay compensation.
(2) The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis if the owner of land transfers part of the land to another person..


Article 572
Even if the seller makes a special agreement to the effect that the seller does not warrant in the case prescribed in the main clause of Article 562, paragraph (1) or Article 565, the seller may not be released from that responsibility with respect to any fact that the seller knew but did not disclose, and with respect to any right that the seller personally created for or assigned to a third party..


Article 478
Performance made to a person that does not constitute a person authorized to accept the performance (meaning the obligee or a third party authorized to accept performance based on the provisions of laws and regulations or the manifestation of intention of the parties; the same applies hereinafter) but that appears to be the person authorized to accept the performance in light of common sense in the transaction is effective only if the person effecting performance was acting in good faith and without negligence..


Article 122
A voidable act may not be rescinded after the person prescribed in Article 120
ratifies it.
Article 120
(1) An act that is voidable on the grounds of the qualified legal capacity to act of the person who did the act may be rescinded only by the person with qualified legal capacity (in the case of an act performed by the person as a legal representative of another person with limited capacity, including that other person with limited capacity), or an agent or successor thereof, or a person who has the authority to give consent thereto.
(2) An act that is voidable on the grounds of a mistake, fraud or duress may be rescinded only by the person who made the defective manifestation of intention, or an agent or successor thereof..


Article 533
A party to a bilateral contract may refuse to perform that party's own obligation until the other party tenders the performance of that other party's obligation (including the performance of an obligation to compensate for loss or damage in lieu of the performance of an obligation);provided, however, that this does not apply if the obligation of the other party is not yet due..


Article 102
An act that a person with qualified legal capacity performs as an agent of another person may not be rescinded on the grounds of qualified legal capacity;provided, however, that this does not apply to an act performed by a person with qualified legal capacity as a legal representative of another person with qualified legal capacity..


Article 395
(1) A person that uses or profits from a building subject to a mortgage by virtue of a lease that cannot be duly asserted against the mortgagee, and that is set forth as follows (in the following paragraph referred to as "mortgaged building user") is not required to deliver that building to the purchaser thereof until six months have passed from the time when the purchaser purchased that building at auction:
(i) a person that has been using or profiting from the building since prior to the commencement of auction procedures; or
(ii) a person that is using or profiting from the building by virtue of a lease given after the commencement of auction procedures by the administrator of compulsory administration or execution against earnings from immovable collateral.
(2) The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply if the purchaser, specifying a reasonable period of time, issues a notice to the mortgaged building user demanding payment of consideration for a period of one month or more with respect to the use of the building referred to in that paragraph that has been made after the time of purchase by the purchaser, and no payment is made within that reasonable period of time.
Article 703
A person that has benefited (hereinafter in this Chapter referred to as "beneficiary") from the property or labor of another person without legal cause and has thereby caused a loss to another person bears the duty to return that benefit, to the extent the benefit exists..


Article 555
A sale becomes effective when one of the parties promises to transfer certain property rights to the other party and the other party promises to pay the price for this..


Article 295
(1) If a possessor of a thing belonging to another person has a claim that has arisen in relation to that thing, that possessor may retain that thing until that claim is satisfied;provided, however, that this does not apply if the relevant claim has not yet fallen due.
(2) The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply if possession commenced by means of a tortious act..


Article 632
A contract for work become effective when one of the parties promises to complete work and the other party promises to pay remuneration for the outcome of the work..


Article 117
(1) A person who concludes a contract as an agent of another person is liable to the counterparty for the performance of the contract or compensation for loss or damage, as chosen by the counterparty, unless the person proves the authority to represent or the principal ratifies the contract.
(2) The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply in the following cases:
(i) if the counterparty knew that the person who concluded the contract as an agent of the other person had no authority to represent;
(ii) if the counterparty was negligent in not knowing that the person who concluded the contract as an agent of the other person had no authority to represent;provided, however, that this does not apply if the person who concluded a contract as an agent of the other person knew themselves to have no authority to represent; or
(iii) if the legal capacity to act of the person who concluded the contract as an agent of the other person was subject to restrictions..


Article 537
(1) If one of the parties promises in a contract to render a certain performance to a third party, the third party has the right to claim that performance directly from the obligor.
(2) The validity of the contract referred to in the preceding paragraph is not impaired even if a third party does not exist or a third party is not specified at the time of its formation.
(3) In the case referred to in paragraph (1), rights of the third party accrue when the third party has manifested intention of availing of the benefit of the contract under that paragraph to the obligor.
Article 538
(1) After rights of the third party have accrued pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Article, the parties may not modify or extinguish those rights.
(2) If, after rights of the third party accrue pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Article, the obligor does not perform the obligation to the third party, the other party to the contract referred to in paragraph (1) of that Article may not cancel the contract without the consent of the third party..


Article 349
The pledgor may not, either by the acts establishing pledges or by contracts made prior to the due dates for the obligations, allow the pledgee to acquire ownership of the thing pledged as satisfaction of the obligations, nor promise to allow the pledgee to dispose of it in any manner other than is prescribed by law..
