set: In 2004 , charges were laid against seven men living on Pitcairn and six living abroad .

set: In 2004 charges were laid against seven men living on Pitcairn and six living abroad with sex-related offences dating back a number of years .


set: On 25 October 2004 , six men were convicted , including Steve Christian , the island 's mayor at the time .

set: On 25 October 2004 , six men were convicted , including the island 's mayor at the time .


set: The island was named after Midshipman Robert Pitcairn , a fifteen-year-old crew member who was the first to sight the island .

set: The island was named after Robert Pitcairn , a 15 year old midshipman who was the first person on the Swallow to see it .


set: By 2010 , all had served their sentences or been granted home detention status .

set: The men began serving their sentences in late 2006 , as of 2010 all men have served their sentences or been granted home detention status ( Pitcairn News , 2010 ) .


set: This history is still apparent in the surnames of many of the islanders .

set: This history still shows in the surnames of many of the islanders .


set: The Pitcairn Islands ( \ / ˈpɪtkɛərn \ / ; Pitkern : Pitkern Ailen ) , officially named the Pitcairn Group of Islands , are a group of four volcanic islands in the southern Pacific Ocean that form the last British Overseas Territory in the Pacific .

set: The Pitcairn Islands are a group of islands in the southern Pacific .


set: Saleh previously served as President of North Yemen from 1978 until unification with South Yemen in 1990 .

set: Before that time , Saleh served as the President of the Yemen Arab Republic ( North Yemen ) from 1978 until 1990 .


set: On 2 February 2011 , facing a major national uprising , Saleh announced that he would not seek re-election in 2013 , but would serve out the remainder of his term .

set: On February 2 , 2011 , he announced that he would step down in 2013 .


set: Heads , arms , legs , and torsos were all created separately and then assembled .

set: The head , arms , legs and torsos were created separately and then assembled .


set: Upon completion , the terracotta figures were placed in the pits in precise military formation according to rank and duty .

set: Once they were completed , the terracotta figures were placed in the pits in precise military formation according to rank and duty .


set: It is believed that the warriors ' legs were made in much the same way that terracotta drainage pipes were manufactured at the time .

set: It is thought their legs were made the same way that terracotta drainage pipes were made at the time .


set: Studies show that a total of eight face moulds were most likely used , with clay then added to provide individual facial features after assembly .

set: Studies show that eight face moulds were most likely used , and then clay was added to provide individual facial features .


set: This would classify the process as assembly line production , with specific parts manufactured and assembled after being fired , as opposed to crafting one solid piece and subsequently firing it .

set: This would make it an assembly line production , with specific parts manufactured and assembled after being fired , as opposed to crafting one solid piece and subsequently firing it .


set: The Terracotta Army or the `` Terracotta Warriors and Horses '' is a collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang , the first Emperor of China .

set: The Terracotta Army is the buried army of Qin Shi Huang , an ancient Chinese emperor .


set: The terracotta army figures were made in workshops .


set: The Islands of Tuvalu consist of six atolls and reef islands .

set: Tuvalu is made up of 9 islands : Tuvalu has four reef islands and five true atolls .


set: A referendum was held in December 1974 to determine whether the Gilbert Islands and Ellice Islands should each have their own administration .

set: It used to be called Ellice Islands ; it was part of Gilbert and Ellice Islands .


set: In 1913 , Köhler left Frankfurt for the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands , where he had been named the director of the Prussian Academy of Sciences anthropoid research station .

set: In 1913 , Köhler left Frankfurt for the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands , to be the Director of the Prussian Academy of Sciences anthropoid research station .


set: Köhler 's work on the mentality of apes was seen as a turning point in the psychology of thinking .

set: Köhler 's work on the mentality of apes was a turning point in the psychology of thinking .


set: In his book , The Mentality of Apes , Köhler describes how the apes use their hands , saying `` large , powerful and flexible hands are natural links between himself and the world of things , and he attains the necessary amount of muscular force and co-ordination at an earlier age than the human child '' Köhler ( 1925 ) .

set: In his book , Köhler describes how the apes use their hands : `` large , powerful and flexible hands are natural links between himself and the world of things , and he attains the necessary amount of muscular force and co-ordination at an earlier age than the human child '' Köhler ( 1925 ) .


set: In this research , Köhler observed how chimpanzees solve problems , such as that of retrieving bananas when positioned out of reach .

set: Here , Köhler observed how chimpanzees solved problems , such as that of retrieving bananas when placed out of their reach .


set: If the bananas were placed on the ground outside of the cage , they used sticks to lengthen the reach of their arms .

set: If the bananas were placed on the ground outside the cage , they used sticks to lengthen the reach of their arms .


set: In his book , The Mentality of Apes , Köhler explains that he was inspired to work with the chimpanzees for two main reasons .

set: In the book The mentality of apes , Köhler explains that he was inspired to work with the chimpanzees for two main reasons .


set: He found that they stacked wooden crates to use as makeshift ladders , in order to retrieve the food .

set: They stacked wooden crates to use as makeshift ladders , in order to get the food .


set: Though perhaps a simple error made in translation , many lectures in textbooks of modern-day psychology refer to Gestalt theory by saying `` the whole is greater than the sum of its parts '' .

set: Though perhaps a simple error made in translation , many lectures in textbooks of modern-day psychology quote Gestalt theory by saying `` the whole is greater than the sum of its parts '' .


set: In 1910-13 , he was an assistant at the Psychological Institute in Frankfurt in which he worked with fellow psychologists Max Wertheimer and Kurt Koffka .

set: In 1910-13 , he worked with fellow psychologists Max Wertheimer and Kurt Koffka .


set: This is one of the prominent findings from the research done on apes .

set: This is one of the most important findings from the research done on apes .


set: After many observations of chimpanzees , he concluded that these animals were capable of problem-solving and that they did not arrive at their methods through trial and error .

set: So , he concluded that the animals were capable of problem-solving and that they did not arrive at their methods through trial and error .


set: Wolfgang Köhler ( 22 January 1887 - 11 June 1967 ) was a German psychologist and phenomenologist who , like Max Wertheimer , and Kurt Koffka , contributed to the creation of Gestalt psychology .

set: Wolfgang Köhler ( 21 January 1887 - 11 June 1967 ) was a German psychologist who , like Max Wertheimer and Kurt Koffka , helped create Gestalt psychology .


set: He and Koffka functioned as subjects for Wertheimer 's now-famous studies of apparent movement ( or the phi phenomenon ) , which led them in turn to conclusions about the inherent nature of vision .

set: He and Koffka were subjects for Wertheimer 's studies , which led them to conclusions about the inherent nature of vision .


set: He was intrigued that human traits could be observed in the everyday behaviors of this animal .

set: The fact that human traits can be observed in the everyday behaviors of this animal was very intriguing for Köhler .


set: Köhler concluded that the chimps had not arrived at these methods through trial-and-error ( which American psychologist Edward Thorndike had claimed to be the basis of all animal learning , through his law of effect ) , but rather that they had an insight , in which , having realized the answer , they proceeded to carry it out in a way that was , in Köhler 's words , `` unwaveringly purposeful . ''

set: Köhler concluded that the chimps had not arrived at these methods through trial-and-error ( which American psychologist Edward Thorndike claimed to be the basis of all animal learning , through his law of effect ) .


set: They collaborated on the founding of a new holistic attitude toward psychology called Gestalt theory ( from the German word for `` whole '' ) , aspects of which are indebted to the earlier work of Stumpf ( Köhler 's teacher ) and Christian von Ehrenfels ( whose lectures at the University of Prague Wertheimer had attended ) .

set: They collaborated on the founding of a new holistic attitude toward psychology called Gestalt theory , from the German word for `` whole '' .


set: Köhler recognized that , as in humans , chimpanzees demonstrated considerable differences in the intellectual field .

set: Köhler recognized that , like humans , there is a great deal of individual differences in the intellectual field .


set: This emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine ( misasagi ) at Nara .

set: According to the Imperial Household Agency , this emperor is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine ( misasagi ) at Nara .


set: The actual site of Seimu 's grave is not known .

set: The actual site of his grave is not known .


set: -571 AD ) , the 29th emperor , is the first for which contemporary historiography is able to assign verifiable dates ; however , the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as `` traditional '' until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737-806 ) , the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty .

set: The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as `` traditional '' until the reign of Emperor Kammu , who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty .


set: No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor 's life or reign , but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 131-191 .

set: No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor 's life or reign .


set: ; also known as Wakatarashihiko no Sumeramikoto ; was the 13th emperor of Japan , according to the traditional order of succession .


set: Together with Hydrocera triflora , impatiens make up the family Balsaminaceae .

set: Together with Hydrocera triflora , they make up the family Balsaminaceae .


set: Hybrids , typically derived from busy lizzie ( I. walleriana ) and New Guinea impatiens ( I. hawkeri ) , have commercial importance as garden plants .

set: Hybrids , typically derived from `` Busy Lizzie '' ( the well-known I. walleriana ) and te New Guinea Impatiens ( I. hawkeri ) , have commercial importance as garden plants .


set: For the French Revolutionary Calendar date , see September 27 Impatiens \ / ɪmˈpeɪʃəns \ / is a genus of about 850 to 1,000 species of flowering plants , widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere and the tropics .

set: Impatiens is a genus of about 850-1 ,000 species of flowering plants , widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere and tropics .


set: Impatiens have become one of the most popular garden annuals .


set: The scientific name Impatiens ( Latin for `` impatient '' ) and the common name `` touch-me-not '' refer to the explosive dehiscence of the seed capsules .

set: These plants derives their scientific name Impatiens ( Latin for `` impatient '' ) and the common name `` touch-me-not '' in reference to their seed capsules .


set: I. walleriana is native to East Africa , and yielded ` Elfin ' series of cultivars , which was subsequently improved as the ` Super Elfin ' series .

set: The original series of impatiens bred by Hope was the ` Elfin ' series of cultivars , later improved as the ` Super Elfin ' series .


set: On February 23 , 1998 , Netscape created the Mozilla Organization to co-ordinate the development of the Mozilla Application Suite .

set: On February 23 , 1998 , Netscape created the Mozilla Organization to help the development of the Mozilla Application Suite .


set: It owns a taxable subsidiary : the Mozilla Corporation , which employs many Mozilla developers and coordinates releases of the Mozilla Firefox web browser and Mozilla Thunderbird email client .

set: It owns two taxable for-profit subsidiaries : the Mozilla Corporation , which employs several Mozilla developers and sets releases of the Mozilla Firefox web browser , and Mozilla Messaging , Inc. , which creates the Mozilla Thunderbird email client .


set: The Mozilla Foundation is a non-profit organization that exists to support and lead the open source Mozilla project .

set: The Mozilla Foundation is a non-profit organization that was created to support and give leadership for the open source Mozilla project .


set: AOL assisted in the initial creation of the Mozilla Foundation , transferring hardware and intellectual property to the organization , employed a three-person team for the first three months of its existence to help with the transition , and donated $ 2 million to the Foundation over two years .

set: AOL helped during the start of the creation of the Mozilla Foundation , moving hardware and intellectual property to the organization and employing a three-person team for the first three months to help with the move .


set: The Mozilla Foundation describes itself as `` a non-profit organization that promotes openness , innovation and participation on the Internet . ''

set: The Mozilla Foundation describes itself as `` a non-profit organization dedicated to preserving choice and promoting innovation on the Internet '' .


set: When AOL ( Netscape 's parent ) drastically scaled back its involvement with Mozilla Organization , the Mozilla Foundation was launched on July 15 , 2003 to ensure Mozilla could survive without Netscape .

set: When America Online ( AOL ) ( Netscape 's owner ) stopped its involvement with the Mozilla Organization by a lot , the Mozilla Foundation was created on July 15 , 2003 to make sure Mozilla could survive without Netscape .


set: Founded in July 2003 , the organization sets the policies that govern development , operates key infrastructure and controls Mozilla trademarks and copyrights .

set: The organization sets the policies that govern development , operate important things that keep Mozilla working and control trademarks and other intellectual property .


set: Real wealth was defined by Arthur Cecil Pigou as the sum of the money supply and government bonds divided by the price level .

set: Wealth was defined by Arthur Cecil Pigou as `` the sum of the money supply and government bonds divided by the price level '' .


set: Because the effect derives from changes to the `` Real Balance '' , this critique of Keynesianism is also called the Real Balance effect .

set: Because the effect derives from changes to the `` Real Balance '' , this is also called the Real Balance effect .


set: The Pigou effect is an economics term that refers to the stimulation of output and employment caused by increasing consumption due to a rise in real balances of wealth , particularly during deflation .

set: The Pigou effect is an economics term that refers to the stimulation of output and employment .


set: He argued that Keynes ' General Theory was deficient in not specifying a link from `` real balances '' to current consumption and that the inclusion of such a `` wealth effect '' would make the economy more ` self correcting ' to drops in aggregate demand than Keynes predicted .

set: He also pointed out that it did n't include such a `` wealth effect '' would make the economy more ` self correcting ' to drops in aggregate demand than Keynes predicted .


set: Nine to eleven species are recognized from fossils found in different regions of modern-day China , Mongolia and Russia , with a possible additional species from Thailand .

set: Nine to eleven species are recognized from fossils found in different regions of China , Mongolia and Russia , with a possible additional species from Thailand .


set: At least one species had long , quill-like structures on its tail and lower back , possibly serving a display function .

set: At least one species had long , quill-like structures on its tail and lower back , possibly with a display function .


set: All species of Psittacosaurus were gazelle-sized bipedal herbivores characterized by a high , powerful beak on the upper jaw .

set: All species of Psittacosaurus were gazelle-sized bipedal herbivores with a high , powerful beak on the upper jaw .


set: Although they developed many novel adaptations , they shared many anatomical features with later ceratopsians such as Protoceratops and Triceratops .

set: Psittacosaurs were extremely early ceratopsians and , while they developed many novel adaptations of their own , they also shared many features with later ceratopsians , such as Protoceratops and the elephant-sized Triceratops .


set: Though cunning and ambitious , Nowak 's gung-ho recklessness earns him the disrespect of teammates , ultimately leading to Bishop passing him up for promotion in favor of Logan , which therefore leads to Nowak betraying the Rainbow organization with the assistance of big-time terrorist ringleaders .

set: Though cunning and ambitious , Nowak 's gung-ho recklessness earns him the disrespect of fellow teammates , ultimately leading to Bishop passing him up for promotion in favor of Logan , which therefore leads to Nowak betraying the Rainbow organization with the assistance of big-time terrorist ringleaders .


set: The game was released for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 on March 18 , 2008 in North America and March 20 , 2008 in Europe , except in Germany , where the game was delayed .

set: The game was released for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 on March 18 , 2008 in North America and March 20 2008 in Europe , except in Germany , where the game was delayed .


set: Michael Walters ' three year tour in 40 Commando Royal Marines included the military evacuation of British nationals from the Democratic Republic of Congo and active operations in West Belfast .

set: Michael Walters Michael Walter 's three year tour in 40 Commando Royal Marines included the military evacuation of British nationals from the Democratic Republic of Congo and active operations in West Belfast .


set: In 2004 Park received a transfer to the ROK Army 's 5th Special Forces Brigade ( Airborne ) .

set: In 2004 , Park received a transfer to the ROK Army 's 5th Special Forces Brigade ( Airborne ) .


set: It is a first-person shooter video game and the sequel to Tom Clancy 's Rainbow Six : Vegas .

set: It is a first person shooter video game and the sequel to Tom Clancy 's Rainbow Six : Vegas .


set: Nowak betrays more Rainbow operatives in Vegas 2 , mainly by posing falsely as an NSA agent , helping Bishop along the way for some of the campaign while actually putting Bishop in a state of danger , in order to kill him , which fails .

set: Nowak betrays more Rainbow operatives in Vegas 2 , mainly by posing falsely as an NSA agent , helping Bishop along the way for some of the campaign while actually putting Bishop in a state of danger , in order to kill him\/her , which fails .


set: Jung Park A character of South Korean nationality , Jung Park 's natural proficiency for computers drove him to serve his mandatory term in the ROK Army immediately after graduation .


set: He or she is a high-ranking veteran of the Rainbow organization , and is an instructor at the organization 's training academy when the game first begins .

set: He\/she is a high-ranking veteran of the Rainbow organization , and is an instructor at the organization 's training academy when the game first begins .


set: Knight If co-op mode is enabled , Knight accompanies Bishop on missions , whose appearance also varies depending on how the player desires him\/her to look .


set: His\/her role , however , is limited as merely a co-op player , and unlike some games , such as Gears of War , Knight is not critical to the single player campaign 's story , as elaborated on the Eurogamer review .

set: His\/her role , however , is limited as merely a co-op player , and unlike some games , such as Gears of War and Halo 3 , Knight is not critical to the single player campaign 's story , as elaborated on the Eurogamer review .


set: Bishop Bishop is the main protagonist that the player controls and guides throughout the events of Rainbow Six : Vegas 2 .


set: The multiplayer in Vegas 2 has been expanded to include more than 10 new close-quarters maps , two new adversarial modes , a newer and different rewards system , and according to Ubisoft , improved online matchmaking .

set: The multiplayer in Tom Clancy 's Rainbow Six : Vegas 2 has been expanded to include more than 10 new close-quarters maps , two new adversarial modes , a newer and different rewards system , and according to Ubisoft , improved online matchmaking .


set: Tom Clancy 's Rainbow Six : Vegas 2 is the seventh installment in the Rainbow Six series .

set: Tom Clancy 's Rainbow Six : Vegas 2 ( RSV2 ) is the ninth installment in the Rainbow Six series ( including add-ons ) .


set: Logan is seen quoting Bishop 's teachings at the last level , implying his respect towards Bishop ( to which Bishop replied , `` Who said that horse shit ? '' )

set: Logan is seen quoting Bishop 's teachings at the last level , implying his respect towards Bishop .


set: The experience point ( XP ) system is different from that in Rainbow Six : Vegas in that every kill achieved awards the player XP .

set: The experience point ( XP ) system is different than the old Vegas , for every kill achieved the player gains XP .


set: Bishop is referred five years after the first mission in the French Pyrénées , Bishop returns from retirement as the team leader of Jung and Michael .

set: Bishop is referred five years after the first mission in the French Alps , Bishop returns from retirement as the team leader of Park and Walters .


set: He is later seen during Bishop 's showdown with Nowak near the end of the game .

set: He is later seen after Bishop 's showdown with Nowak at the end of the game .


set: The game 's main antagonist , a traitorous former Rainbow operative as revealed in Rainbow Six : Vegas .

set: Gabriel Nowak The game 's main antagonist , a traitorous former Rainbow operative revealed as a mole in Rainbow Six : Vegas .


set: The main protagonist in Tom Clancy 's Rainbow Six : Vegas , Keller is seen in the opening level of the game , under Bishop 's command along with Gabriel Nowak .

set: Logan Keller The main protagonist in Rainbow Six : Vegas , Keller is seen in the opening level of the game .


set: This law is also called Kirchhoff 's first law , Kirchhoff 's point rule , or Kirchhoff 's junction rule ( or nodal rule ) .

set: Kirchhoff 's current law is also known as Kirchhoff 's first law and Kirchhoff 's junction law .


set: Kirchhoff 's current law combined with Ohm 's Law is used in nodal analysis .

set: Kirchhoff 's voltage law is also known as Kirchhoff 's second law , a closed circuit law , and Kirchhoff 's loop law .


set: They were first described in 1845 by Gustav Kirchhoff .

set: In 1845 , German physicist Gustav Kirchhoff described two laws .


set: Kirchhoff 's circuit laws are two equalities that deal with the current and potential difference ( commonly known as voltage ) in the lumped element model of electrical circuits .

set: The first law is Kirchhoff 's current law .


set: Widely used in electrical engineering , they are also called Kirchhoff 's rules or simply Kirchhoff 's laws .

set: This is the same as Kirchhoff 's junction law .


set: A matrix version of Kirchhoff 's current law is the basis of most circuit simulation software , such as SPICE .


set: She is also a member of the Swedish 4 x 100 m relay team at international competitions , and was part of the team that set the national record .

set: She is also normally a member of the Swedish 4 x 100 m relay team at international competitions , and was part of the team that set the national record .


set: Carolina Evelyn Klüft ( Swedish pronunciation : ( klʏft ) ) ( born 2 February 1983 ) is a Swedish retired athlete competing in heptathlon , triple jump , long jump , and pentathlon .

set: Carolina Evelyn Klüft ( born February 2 , 1983 ) is a Swedish athlete .


set: Klüft is 1.78 m ( 5 ft 10 in ) tall and weighs 65 kg ( 140 lb \ / 10.2 stone ) .

set: She is 5 ft 10 in ( 1.78 m ) tall and weighs 65 kg .


set: She is a three-time winner of the London Marathon ( 2002 , 2003 , 2005 ) , three-time New York Marathon champion ( 2004 , 2007 , 2008 ) , and won the 2002 Chicago Marathon .

set: She is a three-time winner of the London Marathon , two-time New York Marathon champion , and won the 2002 Chicago Marathon .


set: She has also been European champion over 10,000 metres and in cross country .

set: She has also been European champion over 10,000 metres on the track and over the cross country races .


set: Radcliffe is a former world champion in the marathon , half marathon and cross country .

set: Radcliffe is a former world champion for the marathon , half marathon and cross country races .


set: Her running has earned her a number of accolades including the BBC Sports Personality of the Year , Laureus World Comeback of the Year , IAAF World Athlete of the Year , AIMS World Athlete of the Year ( three times ) and a Member of the Order of the British Empire ( MBE ) .

set: Radcliffe has won many awards including the BBC Sports Personality of the Year , Laureus World Comeback of the Year , IAAF World Athlete of the Year , AIMS World Athlete of the Year ( three times ) and a Member of the Order of the British Empire ( MBE ) .


set: On the track , Radcliffe won the 10,000 metres silver medal at the 1999 World Championships and was the 2002 Commonwealth champion at 5000 metres .

set: On the track , Radcliffe has also won the 10,000 metres silver medal at the 1999 World Athletics Championships and was the 2002 Commonwealth Games gold medalist over 5,000 metres .


set: She is the current women 's world record holder in the marathon with her time of 2:15:25 hours .

set: She is the current women 's IAAF world record holder for the marathon with a time of 2:17:42 hours .


set: When Radcliffe was aged 12 , the family moved to Oakley , Bedfordshire and she became a member of Bedford & County Athletics Club .

set: Radcliffe 's family moved to Oakley , Bedfordshire when she was 11 .


set: Paula Jane Radcliffe , MBE ( born 17 December 1973 ) is an English long-distance runner .

set: Paula Jane Radcliffe MBE ( born 17 December 1973 ) is a British long-distance runner .


set: Radcliffe is an asthma sufferer who has campaigned against the use of drugs in sport .

set: Radcliffe is an asthmatic sufferer who has voiced her opposition to the use of drugs in sport .


set: She went on to study French , German and economics at Loughborough University , gaining a first-class honors degree in modern European studies .

set: She left university with a first-class honors degree in modern European studies .


set: Bracha Peli ( Hebrew : ברכה פלאי ) ( 1892-1986 ) was the founder and owner of the Israeli publishing house , Massada .

set: Bracha Peli ( 1892-1986 ) was the owner of the Massada Publishing house in Israel .


set: Bronya Kutzenok ( later Bracha Peli ) was born in Starovitzky , a small village in Russia , now Ukraine to a family of Hasidic Jews .

set: Bronya Kutzenok was born in what is now the Ukraine in a small village called Starovitzky .


set: Today Hebrew Book Week is a national 10-day event .

set: She starting the Annual Hebrew Book Week in 1926 .


set: There are two main types of fire extinguishers : stored pressure and cartridge-operated .

set: There are different kinds of fire extinguishers .


set: A fire extinguisher , or extinguisher , is an active fire protection device used to extinguish or control small fires , often in emergency situations .

set: A Fire extinguisher is a device which can be used to control a fire .


set: With dry chemical extinguishers , nitrogen is typically used ; water and foam extinguishers typically use air .

set: Bigger fire extinguishers can be used for a longer time .


set: Charles Darwin 's observations of these differences on the second voyage of the Beagle in 1835 , contributed to the development of his theory of evolution .

set: Charles Darwin 's observations of these differences on the second voyage of the Beagle in 1835 , helped him to develop his theory of evolution .


set: On islands with humid highlands , the tortoises are larger , with domed shells and short necks - on islands with dry lowlands , the tortoises are smaller , with `` saddleback '' shells and long necks .

set: On islands with humid highlands , the tortoises are larger , with domed shells and short necks .


set: The Galápagos tortoise or Galápagos giant tortoise ( Chelonoidis nigra ) is the largest living species of tortoise and the 13th-heaviest living reptile , reaching weights of over 400 kg ( 880 lb ) and lengths of over 1.8 meters ( 5.9 ft ) .

set: The Galápagos tortoise or Galápagos giant tortoise ( Chelonoidis nigra ) is the biggest living species of tortoise and the 10th-heaviest living reptile .


set: Despite this rebound , the species as a whole is classified as `` vulnerable '' by the International Union for Conservation of Nature ( IUCN ) .

set: However , the species is still classified as `` vulnerable '' by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature ( IUCN ) .


set: The tortoise is native to seven of the Galápagos Islands , a volcanic archipelago about 1,000 km ( 620 mi ) west of the Ecuadorian mainland .

set: The island is a volcanic archipelago about 1,000 km ( 620 mi ) west of the Ecuadorian mainland .


set: Shell size and shape vary between populations .

set: Their shell size and shape are different between populations .


set: His list still guides the taxonomy of the Galápagos tortoise , though now ten populations are thought to have existed .

set: The population of the Galápagos tortoise is getting smaller .


set: This decline was caused by exploitation of the species for meat and oil , habitat clearance for agriculture , and introduction of non-native animals to the islands , such as rats , goats , and pigs .

set: The decline is believed to be caused by over-exploitation , habitat loss and introduced species to the islands such as rats , goats and pigs .


set: Conservation efforts , beginning in the 20th century , have resulted in thousands of captive-bred juveniles being released onto their ancestral home islands , and it is estimated that the total number of the species exceeded 19,000 at the start of the 21st century .

set: Because of this , thousands of captive-bred juveniles were released onto their home islands .


set: Ten subspecies of the original fifteen survive in the wild ; an eleventh subspecies ( C. n. abingdonii ) had only a single known living individual , kept in captivity and nicknamed Lonesome George until his death in June 2012 .

set: Ten subspecies of the original fifteen survive in the wild .


set: Roger Daltrey , CBE ( born 1 March 1944 ) is an English singer , musician , songwriter and actor , who is best known as the founder and lead singer of English rock band The Who .

set: Roger Harry Daltrey CBE ( born 1 March 1944 ) is an English musician best known as the singer of English rock band The Who .


set: The GameCube was the first Nintendo console to use optical discs for its primary storage medium .

set: The Nintendo GameCube is the first Nintendo console to use discs to store the games .


set: The GameCube sold approximately 22 million units worldwide before being discontinued in 2007 .

set: The GameCube sold 21.74 million units worldwide .


set: Lance Edward Armstrong ( born Lance Edward Gunderson ; September 18 , 1971 ) is an American former professional road racing cyclist .

set: Lance Armstrong ( born Lance Edward Gunderson on September 18 , 1971 in Plano , Texas , USA ) is an American bicycle rider .


set: In October 1996 he was diagnosed with testicular cancer that had spread to his brain , lungs and abdomen .

set: He did this several years after having brain surgery and testicular surgery , and a long course of chemotherapy in 1996 , to treat testicular cancer that spread to his brain and lungs .


set: In 1999 he won the Tour de France , including four stages .

set: Before his titles were taken back , he won the Tour de France seven times in a row , from 1999 to 2005 .


set: An unsourced article in The Economist states that in October 1920 a law prevented bakers from working before 4 a.m. , making it impossible to make the traditional , round loaf in time for customers ' breakfasts .

set: This made it impossible to make the loaf in time for their customers ' breakfasts .


set: A standard baguette has a diameter of about 5 or 6 centimetres ( 2 or 2 1\/3 in ) and a usual length of about 65 centimetres ( 26 in ) , although a baguette can be up to a metre ( 39 in ) long .

set: A baguette is about 5-6 cm wide , 3 to 4 cm high , and about 65 cm long .


set: A thinner loaf is called a ficelle ( string ) .

set: A thin version of the baguette is called ` ficelle ' .


set: The slender baguette , the article claims , solved the problem , because it could be prepared and baked much more rapidly , though France had already had long thin breads for over a century at that point .

set: The longer , thinner baguette helped solve this problem because it could be prepared and baked much faster .


set: In his first three seasons in European football , Falcao scored over 100 goals .

set: During the season from 2010-2011 , Falcao scored 16 goals in 13 games in the European League .


set: Falcao scored his first professional hat-trick on 28 September 2007 , as River made a historic comeback against Botafogo to progress in the 2007 Sudamericana .

set: In September 27 , 2007 , Falcao scored a hat-trick against Botafogo , which allowed River Plate to qualify for the quarterfinals of the South American Cup .


set: Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain ( María Antonia Fernanda ; 17 November 1729 - 19 September 1785 ) was an Infanta of Spain and the youngest daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese .

set: Maria Antonia of Spain ( María Antonia Fernanda ; 17 November 1729 - 19 September 1785 ) was an Infanta of Spain and the youngest daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese .


set: One of the most common types of arc welding is shielded metal arc welding ( SMAW ) ; it is also known as manual metal arc welding ( MMA ) or stick welding .

set: The common forms of arc welding include : Shielded metal arc welding ( SMAW ) : SMAW is also known as `` stick '' welding .


set: Following the wars , several modern welding techniques were developed , including manual methods like shielded metal arc welding , now one of the most popular welding methods , as well as semi-automatic and automatic processes such as gas metal arc welding , submerged arc welding , flux-cored arc welding and electroslag welding .

set: There are many kinds of welding , including arc welding , resistance welding , and gas welding .


set: Gas metal arc welding ( GMAW ) , also known as metal inert gas or MIG welding , is a semi-automatic or automatic process that uses a continuous wire feed as an electrode and an inert or semi-inert gas mixture to protect the weld from contamination .

set: Gas metal arc welding ( GMAW ) : GMAW is also known as MIG ( metal\/inert gas welding ) .


set: Gas tungsten arc welding ( GTAW ) , or tungsten inert gas ( TIG ) welding , is a manual welding process that uses a nonconsumable tungsten electrode , an inert or semi-inert gas mixture , and a separate filler material .

set: Gas tungsten arc welding ( GTAW ) : GTAW is also known as TIG ( tungsten inert gas welding ) .


set: There are several different ways to weld , such as : Shielded Metal Arc Welding , Gas Tungsten Arc Welding , Tungsten Inert Gas and Metallic Inert Gas .

set: One kind of welding that uses shielding gas is gas metal arc welding .


set: The welding region is sometimes protected by some type of inert or semi-inert gas , known as a shielding gas , and filler material is sometimes used as well .

set: A filler metal , in the form of a rod , can be used to add metal to the weld area .


set: A related process , plasma arc welding , also uses a tungsten electrode but uses plasma gas to make the arc .

set: Any welding process that utilizes an electrical arc is known as arc welding .


set: However , with direct current , because the electrode only creates the arc and does not provide filler material , a positively charged electrode causes shallow welds , while a negatively charged electrode makes deeper welds .

set: The electrode is usually made of the same kind of metal to be welded .


set: Ann Arbor is a city in the US state of Michigan and the county seat of Washtenaw County .

set: Ann Arbor is a city in the US state of Michigan .


set: Ann Arbor is home to the University of Michigan , a world-renowned institution of higher education .

set: Today , Ann Arbor is home to the University of Michigan .


set: The University of Michigan moved from Detroit to Ann Arbor in 1837 , and the city showed steady growth throughout the 19th and 20th centuries , except during the Depression of 1873 .

set: The University of Michigan was moved to Ann Arbor in 1837 .


set: Ann Arbor was founded in 1824 , with one theory stating that it is named after the spouses of the city 's founders and for the stands of trees in the area .


set: The 2010 census recorded its population to be 113,934 , making it the fifth largest city in Michigan .

set: In 2010 , there were 113,934 people living there .


set: Ann Arbor also became a locus for left-wing activism and served as a hub for the civil-rights movement and anti-Vietnam War movement , as well as the student movement .

set: During the 1960s and 1970s , Ann Arbor was an important place for the civil rights movement , the anti-Vietnam War movement , and for left-wing and liberal politics .


set: Ann Arbor became the seat of Washtenaw County in 1827 , and was incorporated as a village in 1833 .

set: It is the county seat of Washtenaw County .


set: Because it is located east of the Snowy Mountains , the rain-bearing westerly winds deposit rain and snow on the mountains leaving the Monaro region in a rain shadow .

set: Because it is located east of the Snowy Mountains , the rain-bearing westerly winds drop rain and snow on the mountains leaving the Monaro region in a rain shadow .


set: The Monaro Highway is the main State highway which runs from Canberra south through the Monaro region .

set: The Monaro Highway is the main State highway from Canberra to the Monaro region .


set: Temperatures in summer are warm to very warm , with average maxima ranging from 28 ° C ( 82 ° F ) around Canberra and Queanbeyan to 22 ° C ( 71 ° F ) on the highest parts of the plateau .

set: The average maximum temperatures range from 28 ° C ( 82 ° F ) around Canberra and Queanbeyan to 22 ° C ( 72 ° F ) on the highest parts of the plateau .


set: Because the climate in the basaltic areas is too cold for really reliable cropping ( Nimmitabel has had frosts in January ) , the main industry is raising sheep and beef cattle .

set: Because the climate in the basaltic areas is too cold for crops , the main industry is raising sheep and beef cattle .


set: Much of the region is an ancient highland , but there is basaltic bedrock near Cooma and Nimmitabel that produce the only true chernozems in the whole continent , which are some of the best soils in Australia .

set: Much of the region is an ancient highland , but there is basaltic bedrock near Cooma and Nimmitabel .


set: The Monaro region is characterised by rolling hills that rise to extremely rugged peaks in the Tinderry Mountains and to shallow valleys in the upper Murrumbidgee .

set: The Monaro region features rolling hills that rise to very rugged peaks in the Tinderry Mountains .


set: Annual rainfall ranges from 430 millimetres ( 17 inches ) around Dalgety to 700 millimetres ( 26 inches ) at the eastern edge of the plateau , where occasional cyclonic storms can produce extremely heavy rainfall - in one day in June 1975 Nimmitabel received 256 millimetres ( over 10 inches ) of rain .

set: Annual rainfall ranges from 430 mm ( 17 in ) around Dalgety to 700 mm ( 28 in ) at the eastern edge of the plateau .


set: The Monaro region is a plateau area lying about 1000 metres above sea level , extending from the valley of the Murrumbidgee River in the north to the Errinundra Plateau in the south , and dropping rather sharply to the coast on its eastern side .

set: It lies between the valley of the Murrumbidgee River in the north , and the Errinundra Plateau in the south .


set: A small area of Victoria near Snowy River National Park is geographically part of the Monaro , whilst the Australian Capital Territory is frequently considered part of the region : most towns in the Monaro have very close links with Canberra .

set: The Australian Capital Territory is often considered part of the region .


set: Nights in summer can be cool , but in winter the region is the coldest part of mainland Australia outside the Alps , with July minima averaging -0.3 ° C ( 31.5 ° F ) in Canberra and -1.5 ° C ( 29.3 ° F ) in Bombala .

set: Nights in summer can be cool , but in winter the region is the coldest part of mainland Australia outside the Alps The with July minimum temperatures averaging − 0.3 ° C ( 31 ° F ) in Canberra and − 1.5 ° C ( 29 ° F ) in Bombala .


set: Elsewhere the granitic soils are heavily leached and very infertile , supporting a dry forest vegetation before clearing for pastures .

set: They supported dry forest vegetation before clearing for farming .


set: An imaginary number is a number that can be written as a real number multiplied by the imaginary unit i , which is defined by its property i2 = − 1 .

set: Imaginary numbers are numbers that are made from combining a real number with the imaginary unit , called i , where i is defined as .


set: At 0 on this x-axis , a y-axis can be drawn with `` positive '' direction going up ; `` positive '' imaginary numbers then increase in magnitude upwards , and `` negative '' imaginary numbers increase in magnitude downwards .

set: One way of thinking about them is to say that imaginary numbers are to negative numbers what negative numbers are to positive numbers .


set: Mick Foley tells the story of when Kid and Smith wrestled the team of Les Thornton and a young Mick Foley .

set: Mick Foley told a story of when Kid and Smith wrestled the team of Les Thornton and a young Mick Foley .


set: When Spivey came back , he and Billington took hits of LSD , which resulted in Billington coming close to death twice in one day , but he was revived with adrenaline shots by paramedics both times .

set: When Spivey came back from vacation , he and Billington took hits of LSD , which resulted in Billington coming close to death twice in one day , but he was revived with adrenaline shots by paramedics both times .


set: Since Davey Boy Smith had trademarked the term `` The British Bulldog '' during the Bulldogs ' previous run in WWF , he decided to return to the WWF as The British Bulldog , and would send people to the United Kingdom to warn the promoter every time a flyer was distributed promoting Dynamite Kid as a `` British Bulldog '' .

set: Since Davey Boy Smith had trademarked the term `` The British Bulldog '' during the Bulldogs ' previous run in WWF , he decided to return to the WWF under the ring name The British Bulldog , and would send people to the United Kingdom to warn the promoter every time a flyer was distributed which promoted Dynamite Kid as a `` British Bulldog '' .


set: After leaving the WWF , the Bulldogs returned to Stampede Wrestling to win the International Tag Team Titles .

set: The Bulldogs returned to Stampede Wrestling and won the International Tag Team Titles after leaving the WWF .


set: Dynamite was knocked out by Jimmy Hart 's megaphone early in the match , avoiding his having to wrestle in the match for story purposes .

set: He was knocked out by Jimmy Hart 's megaphone early in the match , avoiding his having to wrestle in the match for story purposes .


set: In the end , Dynamite delivered his trademark tombstone piledriver on Great Sasuke , leading Dos Caras powerbombing Sasuke for the pin fall .

set: In the end , Dynamite delivered his trademark tombstone piledriver on Great Sasuke which lead to Dos Caras powerbombing Sasuke for the pin fall .


set: Shortly after checking himself out of the hospital ( against doctors ' orders ) , Billington met with McMahon , who requested that the Bulldogs drop the tag titles to the team of Nikolai Volkoff and The Iron Sheik ; Billington refused , saying that he would only drop the belts to The Hart Foundation .

set: He would shortly check himself out of the hospital ( against doctors ' orders ) and met with McMahon , who requested that the Bulldogs drop the tag titles to the team of Nikolai Volkoff and The Iron Sheik but Billington refused and said that he would only drop the belts to The Hart Foundation .


set: While at the airport to return home on the next day , he had a second seizure ( as the first one was in 1987 , while traveling with the Ultimate Warrior ) and was sent to the hospital immediately .

set: When he was at the airport to return home the next day , he had a second seizure ( as the first one was in 1987 , while traveling with the Ultimate Warrior ) and was sent to the hospital immediately .


set: While recovering in the hospital from back surgery , Billington would later recount that Bret Hart showed up and stated that Vince McMahon had sent him to get Dynamite 's tag belt ; Billington refused .

set: When he was recovering in the hospital from back surgery , he recounted that Bret Hart had showed up and said that Vince McMahon had sent him to get Dynamite 's tag belt but Billington refused .


set: After an incident in which Rougeau had blamed Dynamite for having cut up his clothes for a prank ( in fact committed by Curt Hennig ) and Dynamite in return had confronted and punched Rougeau and his brother Raymond , he ambushed and assaulted Billington with three shots in the face while his fist was loaded with a roll of quarters ( including one in the mouth that knocked out four of Dynamite 's teeth ) Because of Billington 's history of bullying , many wrestlers thought he deserved the beating .

set: Rougeau blamed Dynamite for cutting up his clothes for a prank ( which was actually committed by Curt Hennig ) and Dynamite in return had confronted and punched Rougeau and his brother Raymond , he ambushed and assaulted Billington with three shots in the face while his fist was loaded with a roll of quarters ( including one in the mouth that knocked out four of Dynamite 's teeth ) .


set: Billington was known for being a legitimately tough guy and for his stiffness as a worker .

set: He was known for being a legitimately tough guy and for his stiffness as a worker .


set: Throughout his time in the WWF , Dynamite Kid made several enemies backstage , including Brutus Beefcake ( who - alone of the wrestlers on the show - had refused an autograph for Betley who was visiting his old student backstage at a 1986 WWF show ) The Honky Tonk Man whom Dynamite claimed had made light of injuries suffered by his friend Harley Race , - an account largely corroborated by Hart - and Jacques Rougeau .

set: He made many enemies during his time in the WWF including Brutus Beefcake because he refused an autograph for Betley who was visiting his old student backstage at a 1986 WWF show , The Honky Tonk Man whom Dynamite claimed had made light of injuries suffered by his friend Harley Race , - an account largely corroborated by Hart - and Jacques Rougeau .


set: Dynamite Kid made his WWF television debut on August 29 , 1984 , where he and Bret Hart defeated Iron Mike Sharpe and Troy Alexander in a match eventually shown on September 15 , 1984 , on the Maple Leaf Garden broadcast .

set: He debuted in the WWF on August 29 , 1984 and teamed with Bret Hart where they defeated Iron Mike Sharpe and Troy Alexander in a match that was eventually shown on September 15 , 1984 , on the Maple Leaf Garden broadcast .


set: Dynamite 's body had clearly degenerated to the point where he was practically skin and bones , as the bottom portion of his tights were very loose .

set: Billington 's body was clearly degenerated to the point where he was practically skin and bones , as the bottom portion of his tights were very loose .


set: Outside of the ring , WWF-champion Randy Savage once specifically asked for him to watch his back when he went drinking in a hotel bar frequented by NWA wrestlers , including Ric Flair .

set: WWF-champion Randy Savage once specifically asked for Billington to watch his back when he went drinking in a hotel bar which was frequented by NWA wrestlers , including Ric Flair .


set: Stu Hart and Stampede Wrestling switched their business relationship from IPW to New Japan Pro Wrestling shortly after Dynamite 's first tour , and he wrestled for New Japan from January 4 , 1980 , to August 2 , 1984 .

set: Stampede Wrestling switched their business relationship from IPW to New Japan Pro Wrestling shortly after his first tour , and he then wrestled for New Japan from January 4 , 1980 , to August 2 , 1984 .


set: He defeated Davey Boy Smith earlier in the tournament , and would go on to defeat The Cobra in the finals .

set: He defeated his cousin Davey Boy Smith earlier in the tournament , and then defeated The Cobra in the finals .


set: On April 7 , 1986 , accompanied by Captain Lou Albano and Ozzy Osbourne , the British Bulldogs won the WWF World tag team title from Greg Valentine and Brutus Beefcake at WrestleMania II .

set: The British Bulldogs , accompanied by Captain Lou Albano and Ozzy Osbourne , defeated Greg Valentine and Brutus Beefcake at WrestleMania II .


set: Before embarking on another All-Japan tour , he visited Dan Spivey and stayed in his home in Florida for a week , while Spivey went on vacation .

set: He embarked on another All-Japan tour and visited Dan Spivey where he stayed in his home in Florida for a week .


set: Billington would end up teaming with Davey Boy Smith as the British Bulldogs , while Bret would team with Jim Neidhart as The Hart Foundation , and it led to matches between the two teams that usually ended in No-Contests .

set: He ended up teaming with Davey Boy Smith and formed the British Bulldogs , while Bret would team with Jim Neidhart and formed The Hart Foundation .


set: On April 21 , 1983 , Dynamite and Tiger Mask met for the vacant WWF Junior Heavyweight Championship , but no winner was decided after the match ended up as a draw three consecutive times .

set: He met Tiger Mask again for the vacant WWF Junior Heavyweight Championship but there was no winner because the match ended up as a draw three consecutive times .


set: By Foley 's account , Billington manhandled him so badly in the ring that he could n't eat solid food for a time , and tore a ligament in Foley 's jaw with his trademark Hook Clothesline .

set: He said that Billington had manhandled him so badly in the ring that he could n't eat solid food for a time , and Billington had tore a ligament in Foley 's jaw with his trademark Hook Clothesline move .


set: The match itself was an odd sight , as Dynamite could barely walk due to back surgery , and thus needed to be assisted to the ring by linking arms with Davey Boy Smith .

set: During the match , he could barely walk due to back surgery and had to be helped to the ring by linking arms with his tag partner Davey Boy Smith .


set: On February 7 , 1984 , Billington captured the WWF Junior Heavyweight Championship by winning a tournament in New Japan Pro Wrestling ; although it was a WWF Title , it was primarily defended in Japan .

set: On February 7 , 1984 , he earned the WWF Junior Heavyweight Championship when he won a tournament in New Japan Pro Wrestling ; even though it was a WWF Title , it was mostly defended in Japan .


set: The Bulldogs also competed frequently in All-Japan Pro Wrestling where they were paid $ 20,000 each by Giant Baba , along with the liberty of choosing which tours they wanted to participate in .

set: They also competed in All-Japan Pro Wrestling where they were paid $ 20,000 each by Giant Baba .


set: In 1990 , Davey Boy Smith abruptly withdrew the Bulldogs from AJPW 's annual World 's Strongest Tag Determination League by returning to the WWF , and fabricating a story to the All-Japan office that Billington was in a serious car accident and was unable to compete .

set: Davey Boy Smith left to return to the WWF and fabricated a story to the All-Japan office that Billington was in a serious car accident and was unable to compete .


set: Thomas `` Tom '' Billington ( born December 5 , 1958 ) is a retired British professional wrestler , best known by the ring name Dynamite Kid .

set: Thomas Billington ( born December 5 , 1958 ) is a retired British professional wrestler known under the ring name Dynamite Kid and is best known for his time in known for his work in World Wrestling Federation , Stampede Wrestling , All Japan Pro Wrestling and New Japan Pro Wrestling .


set: Billington was also introduced to speed during his stay in Canada by Jake Roberts .

set: Jake Roberts introduced him to speed during his stay in Canada .


set: With his cousin Davey Boy Smith , Billington is also known for being half of the tag team the British Bulldogs .

set: He was best known for teaming with his cousin Davey Boy Smith and forming the tag team The British Bulldogs .


set: The match was promoted as a `` Legends of High-Flying '' 6-Man Tag featuring Dynamite paired with Dos Caras and Kuniaki Kobayashi against The Great Sasuke , Mil Máscaras , and his greatest rival , Tiger Mask .

set: He had his final match on October 10 , 1996 , at a Michinoku Pro event called These Days where he teamed with Dos Caras and Kuniaki Kobayashi against The Great Sasuke , Mil Máscaras , and his greatest rival , Tiger Mask .


set: Dynamite Kid was injured in December 1986 in a tag match in Hamilton , Ontario , Canada against Don Muraco and Bob Orton , Jr. and several wrestlers including Roddy Piper , Junkyard Dog and Billy Jack Haynes would substitute for him when tag title defenses were made .

set: He would be substituted by several wrestlers which included Roddy Piper , Junkyard Dog and Billy Jack Haynes when tag title defenses were made .


set: The Bulldogs wrestled their last WWF match at the 1988 Survivor Series .

set: He was involved in a real-life backstage fight with Jacques Rougeau and the Bulldogs wrestled their last WWF match at the 1988 Survivor Series .


set: Dynamite Kid began taking steroids in 1979 when Big Daddy Ritter , aka the Junkyard Dog , introduced Billington to the anabolic steroid Dianabol .

set: He started taking steroids in 1979 when Junkyard Dog , introduced him to Dianabol .


set: The duo managed to capture the AJPW All-Asia Tag Team Championships , but the partnership was short lived ; the years of steroid abuse ( including an incident in which he used horse steroids ) , working a high impact style , and cocaine usage caught up with Billington as he suddenly announced his retirement on December 6 , 1991 , immediately after the Bruisers defeated Johnny Ace and Sunny Beach at Nippon Budokan in Tokyo .

set: Billington announced his retirement on December 6 , 1991 due to years of steroid abuse ( which included an incident where he used horse steroids ) , working a high impact style , and cocaine usage .


set: As a result , he moved from Canada back home to Wigan , England with his parents .

set: He divorced from his first wife Michelle ( the sister of Bret Hart 's ex-wife Julie ) and moved from Canada back home to Wigan , England with his parents .


set: McMahon acquiesced and at a TV taping on January 26 , 1987 , The British Bulldogs wrestled a match to drop the titles to The Hart Foundation ; the match would air on the February 7 edition of WWF Superstars of Wrestling .

set: The British Bulldogs wrestled a match on January 26 , 1987 and dropped the titles to The Hart Foundation .


set: After doing big business in Canada , Dynamite was booked on his first tour of Japan , working for International Pro Wrestling from July 19-25 , 1979 .

set: After competing in Canada , he travled to Japan and started working for International Pro Wrestling from July 19-25 , 1979 .


set: Pictures and will be distributed by Warner Bros. .

set: Pictures , and will be distributed by Warner Bros. .


set: The film is a co-production of Legendary Pictures and Warner Bros. .

set: It will be produced by Legendary Pictures and Warner Bros. .


set: Pictures worldwide , except for Japan where it will be distributed by Toho .

set: Pictures worldwide ( except in Japan , where it will be distributed by Toho ) .


set: It is the second Godzilla film to be fully filmed by an American studio , the first having been the 1998 film of the same name .

set: It is the second Godzilla movie to be made by an American movie studio , after the 1998 movie of the same name .


set: Godzilla is an upcoming American science fiction monster film featuring the Japanese film monster of the same name in a reboot of the Godzilla film franchise .

set: Godzilla is an upcoming science fiction monster movie .


set: The film is scheduled to be released on May 16 , 2014 in 2D and 3D .


set: The island makes up the main part of Ulleung County , North Gyeongsang Province , South Korea and is a popular tourist destination .

set: Ulleungdo is a South Korean island , the main part of Ulleung County , North Gyeongsang Province , South Korea , in East Sea .


set: In physics , a wave is a disturbance or oscillation that travels through space and matter , accompanied by a transfer of energy .

set: A wave is a kind of oscillation ( disturbance ) that travels through space and matter .


set: Archaeologists working in Tikal during the 20th century refurbished one of these ancient reservoirs to store water for their own use .

set: Archaeologists working in Tikal during the last century used the underground facilities to store water for their own use .


set: Following the end of the Late Classic Period , no new major monuments were built at Tikal and there is evidence that elite palaces were burned .

set: After the end of the Late Classic Period , no new major monuments were built .


set: J. Lo is the second studio album by American singer Jennifer Lopez .

set: J. Lo is a second album by Jennifer Lopez .


set: The album was released on January 23 , 2001 .

set: The album was re-released in July 2001 .


set: It was released on January 22 , 2001 , by Epic Records .

set: Released January 24 , 2001 Released July 24 , 2001 Released October 16 , 2001 ( AUS ) \ / November 5 , 2001 ( UK )


set: Neopets ( originally NeoPets ) is a virtual pet website .

set: Neopets is a website that lets its users create virtual pets , and take care of them .


set: Neopets has a community for users to chat with and contact other users .

set: Neopets has a help section to find answers to many of the questions that users may have .


set:
These can be pregnancy tests .
These can be done by pregnancy tests .


set: The ingredients in these products are often obscure , but if prepared from true HCG via homeopathic dilution , they contain either no HCG at all or only trace amounts .

set: The ingredients in these products if prepared from true hCG via homeopathic dilution , will contain either no hCG at all or only small amount of it .


set: The following is a list of serum hCG levels .

set: Below is a list of hCG levels during pregnancy .


set: We can measure hCG level with Blood or urine tests .


set: Controversy about , and shortages of , injected HCG for weight loss have led to substantial Internet promotion of `` homeopathic HCG '' for weight control .

set: Controversy about injected hCG for weight loss started marketing campaign for injections of `` homeopathic hCG '' for weight control .


set: In molecular biology , human chorionic gonadotropin ( hCG ) is a hormone produced by the syncytiotrophoblast , a component of the fertilized egg , after conception .

set: Human chorionic gonadotropin ( hCG ) is a hormone produced during pregnancy .


set: Some cancerous tumors produce this hormone ; therefore , elevated levels measured when the patient is not pregnant can lead to a cancer diagnosis .

set: Some tumors might produce this hormone .


set: In Pakistan , Raja is still used by Muslim Rajput clans as hereditary titles .

set: In Pakistan , Raja is still used by many Muslim Rajput clans as hereditary titles .


set: Raja is also used as a given name by Hindus and Sikhs .

set: Raja is also used as a name by Hindus and Sikhs .


set: Raja ( also spelled rajah , from Sanskrit राजा rājā - ) is a term for a monarch or princely ruler .

set: A Raja ( Sanskrit राजा ( rājā ) , also spelled Rajah ) is a monarch , or princely ruler of the Kshatriya varna .


set: The title has a long history in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia , being attested from the Rigveda , where a rājan - is a ruler , see for example the dāśarājñá , the `` battle of ten kings '' .

set: The title has a long history in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia , as it is found in the Rigveda .


set: It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario .

set: It is found on the northwest side of Lake Ontario .


set: Cymbals are a common percussion instrument .

set: Cymbals ( pronounce like the word `` symbol '' ) are percussion instruments .


set: Cymbals are used in many ensembles ranging from the orchestra , percussion ensembles , jazz bands , heavy metal bands , and marching groups .


set: Another use of cymbals is the suspended cymbal .


set: Drum kits usually incorporate at least a crash , ride or crash\/ride , and a pair of hi-hat cymbals .

set: One way is to use a pair of cymbals that are the same .


set: Orchestral clash cymbals are traditionally used in pairs , each one having a strap set in the bell of the cymbal by which they are held .

set: Cymbals are used in many different musical groups .


set: Cymbals are measured by their diameter often in inches or centimeters .


set: The weight describes how thick the cymbal is .

set: There are also Chinese cymbals which have a turned-up edge .


set: The wine harvest was late in 1601 in France , and in Peru and Germany , wine production collapsed .

set: The wine harvest was late in 1601 in France , and in Peru and Germany wine production collapsed .


set: A paper written by Benjamin Franklin in 1783 blamed the unusually cool summer of 1783 on volcanic dust coming from Iceland , where the eruption of Laki volcano had released enormous amounts of sulfur dioxide , resulting in the death of much of the island 's livestock and a catastrophic famine which killed a quarter of the Icelandic population .

set: A paper written by Benjamin Franklin in 1783 blamed the unusually cool summer of 1783 on volcanic dust coming from Iceland , where the eruption of Laki volcano had released enormous amounts of sulfur dioxide , resulting in the death of much of the island 's livestock and a catastrophic famine which killed a quarter of the population .


set: Russia had its worst famine in 1601-1603 .

set: Russia had its worst famine in 1601 to 1603 .


set: Northern hemisphere temperatures dropped by about 1 ° C in the year following the Laki eruption .

set: Temperatures in the northern hemisphere dropped by about 1 ° C in the year following the Laki eruption .


set: The four years following the explosion were unusually cold , and the winter of 1887-1888 included powerful blizzards .

set: The next four years after the explosion were unusually cold , and the winter of 1887 to 1888 included powerful blizzards .


set: The effects of volcanic eruptions on recent winters are modest in scale , but historically have been significant .

set: The effects of recent volcanic eruptions on winters are modest in scale but historically their effects have been significant .


set: In 1452 or 1453 , a cataclysmic eruption of the submarine volcano Kuwae caused worldwide disruptions .

set: In 1452 or 1453 , a cataclysmic eruption of the submarine volcano named Kuwae .


set: The Great Famine of 1315-1317 in Europe may have been precipitated by a volcanic event , perhaps that of Mount Tarawera , New Zealand , lasting about five years .

set: The Great Famine of 1315-1317 in Europe may have been precipitated by a volcanic event , perhaps that of Kaharoa , New Zealand , which lasted about five years .


set: Railway Gazette International is part of the Railway Gazette Group , itself part of DVV Media Group part of the Hamburg-based Deutsche Verkehrs Verlag group .

set: Railway Gazette International is part of the Railway Gazette Group , itself part of DVV Media UK , part of the Hamburg-based Deutsche Verkehrs Verlag group .


set: Railway Gazette International is a monthly business journal covering the railway , metro , light rail and tram industries worldwide .

set: Railway Gazette International is a monthly business journal about the railway , metro , light rail and tram industries worldwide .


set: A mix of technical , commercial and geographical feature articles , plus the regular monthly news pages , cover developments in all aspects of the rail industry , including infrastructure , operations , rolling stock and signalling .

set: A mixture of technical , commercial and geographical articles , plus the regular monthly news pages , cover developments in all parts of the rail industry .


set: It was renamed Railway Gazette International in October 1970 .

set: The Railway Gazette title dates from July 1905 and it was renamed Railway Gazette International in October 1970 .


set: It was part of Reed Business Information until 1 April 2007 .

set: Railway Gazette was previously part of Reed Business Information until 1 April 2007 .


set: Available by annual subscription , the magazine is read in over 140 countries by transport professionals and decision makers , railway managers , engineers , consultants and suppliers to the rail industry .

set: Available by yearly subscription , the magazine is read in over 140 countries by people involved in the railway industry .


set: During the professional era , Huracán won the Primera División title just once ( the 1973 Metropolitano ) , and obtained four titles during the amateur era ( in 1921 , 1922 , 1925 and 1928 ) .

set: During the professional era , Huracán won the Primera División title just once ( the 1973 Metropolitano ) , and obtained 4 titles during the amateur era ( in 1921 , 1922 , 1925 and 1928 ) .


set: Moreover , Huracán has finished as runner-up of the first division five times during professionalism ( the last one in the 2009 Clausura ) .

set: Moreover , Huracán has finished as runner-up of the first division 5 times during professionalism ( the last one in the 2009 Clausura ) .


set: Huracán was founded on 1 November 1908 in the Nueva Pompeya neighborhood of Buenos Aires .

set: Huracán was founded on November 1 , 1908 , in the Nueva Pompeya neighborhood of Buenos Aires .


set: The club 's name and nickname ( Globo , literally `` Balloon '' ) comes from the Huracán balloon flown by Jorge Newbery in 1909 .

set: The club 's name and nickname ( Globo , literally `` Balloon '' ) come from the Huracán balloon flied by Jorge Newbery in 1909 .


set: The club 's supporters are called los Quemeros ( `` the Burners '' ) because the stadium is located in a former garbage burning area .

set: Apart from that , club supporters are called los Quemeros ( `` the Burners '' ) because the stadium is in a former garbage burning area .


set: The FMA IA 58 Pucará ( Quechua : Fortress ) is an Argentine ground-attack and counter-insurgency ( COIN ) aircraft manufactured by the Fábrica Militar de Aviones .

set: The FMA IA-58 Pucará is an Argentine military aircraft .


set: Together they make up Palaeognathae ( `` old jaws '' ) , while all other living birds are members of Neognathae ( `` new jaws '' ) .

set: Together with the ratites , they make up Palaeognathae ( `` old jaws '' ) , while all other living birds are members of Neognathae ( `` new jaws '' ) .


set: Of Gondwanan origin , tinamous are related to the ratites .

set: Of Gondwanan origin , tinamids are related to the ratites .


set: One of the most ancient living groups of bird , they are most closely related to the flightless ratites and first appear in the fossil record in the Miocene epoch .

set: One of the most ancient living groups of bird , they are related to the ratites .


set: Unlike other palaeognaths , tinamous do have a keeled sternum , but like the other palaeognaths they have a distinctive palate .

set: Unlike the other palaeognaths , tinamids do have a keeled sternum .


set: Tinamous form an order ( Tinamiformes ) comprising a single family , with two distinct subfamilies , containing 47 species of birds found in Mexico , Central America , and South America .

set: The tinamous are a family comprising 47 species of birds found in Central and South America .


set: `` In fact , most of the Br ` er Rabbit stories originated in Cherokee myths . ''

set: `` In fact , most of the Br ` er Rabbit stories originated in ( came from ) Cherokee myths . ''


set: There was a `` melding of the Cherokee rabbit-trickster ... into the culture of African slaves . ''

set: There was a `` melding ( mixing ) of the Cherokee rabbit-trickster ... into the culture of African slaves . ''


set: In the Cherokee tale about the briar patch , `` the fox and the wolf throw the trickster rabbit into a thicket from which the rabbit quickly escapes . ''

set: In a Cherokee story , `` the fox and the wolf throw the trickster rabbit into a thicket from which the rabbit quickly escapes . ''


set: Br ` er Rabbit \ / ˈbrɛər \ / , also spelled Bre ' r Rabbit or Brer Rabbit or Bruh Rabbit , is a central figure as Uncle Remus tells stories of the Southern United States .

set: Br ` er Rabbit ( also spelled Bre ' r Rabbit or Brer Rabbit or Bruh Rabbit , with the title `` Br ` er '' pronounced \ / ˈbrɛər \ / ) is an important character in the Uncle Remus stories in the Southern United States .


set: The laurisilva forests of Macaronesia are a type of mountain cloud forest with relicts species of a vegetation type which originally covered much of the Mediterranean Basin when the climate of the region was more humid and evolved to adapt to island conditions .

set: The laurel forests , known as laurisilva , of Macaronesia are a type of mountain cloud forest with species of a vegetation type which originally covered much of the Mediterranean Basin when the climate of the region was more humid and evolved to adapt to island conditions .


set: The Portuguese archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira have a generally cooler climate and higher rainfall than the Canaries and Cape Verde .

set: The Portuguese archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira have a generally cooler climate and higher rainfall than the Canary Islands and Cape Verde .


set: Macaronesia consists of several archipelagos ; namely North to South : The islands of Macaronesia are volcanic in origin , and are thought to be the product of several geologic hotspots .


set: Laurel-leaved forests , called laurisilva , once covered most of the Azores , Madeira , and parts of the Canaries between 400-1200 m altitude ( the eastern Canaries and Cape Verde being too dry ) .

set: These forests once covered most of the Azores , Madeira , and parts of the Canary Islands ( `` Canaries '' ) between 400-1200 m altitude ( the eastern Canaries and Cape Verde being too dry ) .


set: Felling of the forests for timber and firewood , clearing vegetation for grazing and agriculture , and the introduction of exotic plants and animals by humans has displaced much of the native vegetation .

set: Cutting the trees for timber and wood , clearing vegetation for grazing and agriculture , and the introduction of plants and animals by humans has displaced much of the native vegetation .


set: The name ( which is occasionally misspelled `` Macronesia '' in analogy with Micronesia ) is derived from the Greek words for `` islands of the fortunate '' μακάρων νῆσοι makárōn nêsoi , a term used by Ancient Greek geographers for islands to the west of the Straits of Gibraltar .

set: This term was used by Ancient Greek geographers for islands to the west of the Strait of Gibraltar .


set: Macaronesia is a modern collective name for several groups of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Europe and Africa .

set: The Macaronesian islands , or simply Macaronesia is a modern name for several groups of islands of volcanic origin in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Europe and Africa .


set: Thus the most frequent word will occur approximately twice as often as the second most frequent word , three times as often as the third most frequent word , etc. .

set: Thus the most frequent word will occur about twice as often as the second most frequent word , three times as often as the third most frequent word , etc. .


set: The same relationship occurs in many other rankings unrelated to language , such as the population ranks of cities in various countries , corporation sizes , income rankings , and so on .

set: The same relationship occurs in many other rankings , unrelated to language , such as the population ranks of cities in various countries , corporation sizes , income rankings , etc. .


set: Zipf 's law states that given some corpus of natural language utterances , the frequency of any word is inversely proportional to its rank in the frequency table .

set: Zipf 's law states that given a large sample of words used , the frequency of any word is inversely proportional to its rank in the frequency table .


set: Only 135 vocabulary items are needed to account for half the Brown Corpus .

set: Only 135 vocabulary items are needed to account for half the sample of words .


set: Zipf 's law \ / ˈzɪf \ / , an empirical law formulated using mathematical statistics , refers to the fact that many types of data studied in the physical and social sciences can be approximated with a Zipfian distribution , one of a family of related discrete power law probability distributions .

set: Zipf 's law is an empirical law formulated using mathematical statistics .


set: For example , in the Brown Corpus of American English text , the word `` the '' is the most frequently occurring word , and by itself accounts for nearly 7 % of all word occurrences ( 69,971 out of slightly over 1 million ) .

set: For example , in one sample of words , the most frequently occurring word accounts for nearly 7 % of all the words ( 69,971 out of slightly over 1 million ) .


set: All stars are born from collapsing clouds of gas and dust , often called nebulae or molecular clouds .

set: A star starts its life as a cloud of dust and gas called a nebula .


set: Stellar evolution is not studied by observing the life of a single star , as most stellar changes occur too slowly to be detected , even over many centuries .

set: Stellar evolution is the study of how a star changes over time .


set: The red-giant-branch phase of a star 's life follows the main sequence .

set: The stages in a star 's life are : nebula , main-sequence star , red giant and either white dwarf followed by black dwarf , neutron star or black hole .


set: Kansas City , Kansas , is organized into a system of neighborhoods , some with histories as independent cities or the sites of major events .

set: Kansas City is organized into a system of neighborhoods , some with histories as independent cities or the sites of major events .


set: It was one of the nation 's 100 largest cities for many US Census counts , from 1890 to 1960 , including 1920 , when it had over 100,000 residents for the first time .

set: It was one of the 100 largest cities for many US Census counts , from 1890-1960 , including 1920 , when it had over 100,000 residents for the first time .


set: It is situated at Kaw Point , which is the junction of the Missouri and Kansas rivers .

set: The city is at Kaw Point , which is the junction of the Missouri and Kansas rivers .


set: In June 1880 , the Governor of Kansas proclaimed the city of Kansas City a city of the second class with the Mayor Samuel McConnell present .

set: In June 1880 , the Governor of Kansas made the city of Kansas City a city of the second class with the Mayor Samuel McConnell present .


set: It is part of a consolidated city-county government known as the `` Unified Government '' .

set: The city is part of the `` Unified Government '' .


set: Wyandotte County also includes the independent cities of Bonner Springs and Edwardsville .

set: This also includes the cities of Bonner Springs and Edwardsville .


set: In 1997 , voters approved a proposition to unify the city and county governments creating the Unified Government of Wyandotte County .

set: In 1997 , voters approved a proposition to unify the city and county governments .


set: Kansas City is the third-largest city in the state of Kansas , the county seat of Wyandotte County , and the third-largest city of the Kansas City metropolitan area .

set: Kansas City is a suburb of Kansas City , Missouri and is the third largest city in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area .


set: Kansas City was formed in 1868 and incorporated in October 1872 .


set: He was also Chief of Police , having a force of five men .


set: John Sheehan was appointed Marshal in 1875 , by Mayor Eli Teed .

set: John Sheehan was appointed Marshal in 1875 .


set: The first city election was held October 22 , 1872 , by order of Judge Hiram Stevens of the Tenth Judicial District , and resulted in the election of Mayor James Boyle .

set: It resulted in the election of Mayor James Boyle .


set: Neighborhoods of Kansas City , Kansas : The Kansas City , Missouri metro area 's media market includes ten television channels along with 30 FM and 21 AM radio stations .


set: Gwynt y Môr ( Welsh : Sea Wind ) is an under-construction , 576-megawatt ( MW ) offshore wind farm located off the coast of North Wales .

set: Gwynt y Môr is a 576 MW offshore wind farm off the coast of North Wales .


set: The wind farm will be located close to the existing North Hoyle and Rhyl Flats offshore wind farms .

set: The wind farm is near the existing North Hoyle offshore wind farm and the Rhyl Flats offshore wind farm .


set: Paper made from chemical pulps are also known as wood-free papers-not to be confused with tree-free paper .

set: Modern paper is normally made from wood pulp .


set: The pulp can also be bleached to produce white paper , but this consumes 5 % of the fibers .

set: Paper pulp can be bleached to make blank paper , and dyes can be added to make colored paper .


set: Recycled papers can be made from 100 % recycled materials or blended with virgin pulp .


set: Paper is a versatile material with many uses .

set: The material used in this ancient paper included cotton rags , hemp , various plant fibers , and old fish nets .


set: Eumelanin is the dominant pigment in dark-blond , brown hair , and black hair , while pheomelanin is dominant in red hair .

set: A low concentration of brown eumelanin results in blond hair , but more brown eumelanin will color the hair brown .


set: All natural hair colors are the result of two types of hair pigment .

set: Natural hair color can be given only by genes .


set: Glossopterids were , thus , one of the major casualties of the end-Permian mass extinction event .

set: Glossopterids were , thus , one of the major casualties of the end-Permian mass-extinction event .


set: The only convincing Triassic records are very earliest Triassic leaves from Nidpur , India , but even these records are somewhat questionable owing to faulting and complex juxtapositioning of Permian and Triassic strata at Nidpur .

set: Even these records are somewhat questionable owing to faulting and complex juxtapositioning of Permian and Triassic strata at Nidpur .


set: Although most modern palaeobotany textbooks cite the continuation of glossopterids into later parts of the Triassic and , in some cases into the Jurassic , these ranges are erroneous and are based on misidentification of morphologically similar leaves such as Gontriglossa , Sagenopteris , or Mexiglossa .

set: Although most modern palaeobotany textbooks cite the continuation of glossopterids into later parts of the Triassic and , in some cases into the Jurassic , these are mistakes based on misidentification of similar leaves such as those of Gontriglossa , Sagenopteris , or Mexiglossa .


set: These plants went on to become the dominant elements of the southern flora through the rest of the Permian but disappeared in almost all places at the end of the Permian ( 252.2 million years ago ) .

set: These plants went on to become the dominant elements of the southern flora through the rest of the Permian but disappeared in almost all places at the end of the Permian ( ~ 250mya ) .


set: Their distribution across several , now detached , landmasses led Eduard Suess , amongst others , to propose that the southern continents were once amalgamated into a single supercontinent - Pangea .

set: Their distribution across several continents led Eduard Suess to suggest the southern continents were once together in a single supercontinent - Gondwana .


set: The Glossopteridales arose in the Southern Hemisphere around the beginning of the Permian Period ( 298.9 million years ago ) .

set: The Glossopteridales arose in the Southern Hemisphere around the beginning of the Permian ( ~ 300 milliom years ago ) .


set: The Dominican city of San Francisco de Bánica , or simply Bánica , is a municipality of the Elías Piña province , on the border with Haiti and near the Artibonite river .

set: The Dominican city of San Francisco de Bánica , or simply Bánica , is a municipality of the Elías Piña province , on the border with Haiti and near the River Artibonite .


set: The name Bánica comes from the Taíno name of the region , Banique ( `` land of ebony '' ) .

set: The name Bánica comes from the Taíno name of the region , Banique ( `` land of ebony trees '' ) .


set: When the Haitians occupied the eastern part of the island ( the present Dominican Republic ) , they founded again the town as part of the Département of Artibonite .

set: When the Haitians occupied the eastern part of the island ( the present Dominican Republic ) , they founded again the town as part of the Artibonite department .


set: After the `` Restoration War '' ( 1863-1865 ) , some families from other towns close to the Haitian border came to live in Bánica .

set: After the `` Restoration War '' ( 1863 - 1865 ) , some families from other towns near the Haitian border came to live in Bánica .


set: After the Independence in 1844 , the town was elevated by the Dominican government to the category of municipality of the Azua province .

set: After the Dominican Independence in 1844 , the town was made a municipality of the Azua province .


set: Rouben Zachary Mamoulian ( pronunciation perhaps roo-BEN mah-mool-YAHN ) ( October 8 , 1897 - December 4 , 1987 ) was an Armenian-American film and theater director .

set: Rouben Mamoulian ( Armenian : Ռուբեն Մամուլյան ) ( October 8 , 1897 - December 4 , 1987 ) was an Armenian-American movie and theater director .


set: In 1930 , Mamoulian became a naturalized citizen of the United States .

set: In 1930 , he became a naturalized citizen of the United States .


set: He was brought to America the next year by Vladimir Rosing to teach at the Eastman School of Music and was involved in directing opera and theater .

set: He moved to America the next year to teach in Eastman School of Music and was involved in directing opera and theater .


set: Robert Charles Durman Mitchum ( August 6 , 1917 - July 1 , 1997 ) was an American film actor , author , composer and singer .

set: Robert Mitchum ( August 6 , 1917 - July 1 , 1997 ) was an American actor .


set: Additionally , 40-45 % thought adoptees were more likely to have behavior problems and trouble at school .

set: Also , 40 - 50 percent thought adoptees would probably have behavior problems at school .


set: The most recent adoption attitudes survey completed by the Evan Donaldson Institute provides further evidence of this stigma .

set: Some research by the Evan Donaldson Institute shows more proof of this .


set: Both graduate degrees were in mathematics and physics .

set: Both graduate degrees were in mathematics and mathematical physics .


set: William Edwards Deming ( October 14 , 1900 - December 20 , 1993 ) was an American statistician , professor , author , lecturer , and consultant .

set: William Edwards Deming ( October 14 , 1900 - December 20 , 1993 ) was an American engineer who improved how companies manage making products .


set: The books that were influential in the early development of computational quantum chemistry include Linus Pauling and E. Bright Wilson 's 1935 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics - with Applications to Chemistry , Eyring , Walter and Kimball 's 1944 Quantum Chemistry , Heitler 's 1945 Elementary Wave Mechanics - with Applications to Quantum Chemistry , and later Coulson 's 1952 textbook Valence , each of which served as primary references for chemists in the decades to follow .

set: Influential books in the early development of computational quantum chemistry include Linus Pauling and E. Bright Wilson 's 1935 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics - with Applications to Chemistry , Eyring , Walter and Kimball 's 1944 Quantum Chemistry , Heitler 's 1945 Elementary Wave Mechanics - with Applications to Quantum Chemistry , and later Coulson 's 1952 textbook Valence , each of which served as primary references for chemists in the decades to follow .


set: The local minimum that is lowest is called the global minimum and corresponds to the most stable isomer .

set: The local minimum that is lowest is called the `` global minimum '' and corresponds to the most stable isomer .


set: Computational chemists , in contrast , may simply apply existing computer programs and methodologies to specific chemical questions .

set: Computational chemists , in contrast , may simply apply existing computer programs and methodologies to answer specific chemical questions .


set: The first ab initio Hartree-Fock calculations on diatomic molecules were carried out in 1956 at MIT , using a basis set of Slater orbitals .

set: The first ab initio Hartree-Fock calculations on molecules with two atoms ( diatomic ) were carried out in 1956 at MIT , using a basis set of Slater orbitals .


set: Of these four programs , only GAUSSIAN , now massively expanded , is still in use , but many other programs are now in use .

set: Of these four programs , only GAUSSIAN , now massively expanded , is still in use .


set: For diatomic molecules , a systematic study using a minimum basis set and the first calculation with a larger basis set were published by Ransil and Nesbet respectively in 1960 .

set: For molecules with two atoms , a systematic study using a minimum basis set and the first calculation with a larger basis set were published by Ransil and Nesbet respectively in 1960 .


set: Evaluation of the related second derivatives allows the prediction of vibrational frequencies if harmonic motion is estimated .

set: Evaluation of the related second derivatives allows the prediction of vibrational frequencies by estimating harmonic motion .


set: There are two different aspects to computational chemistry : Thus , computational chemistry can assist the experimental chemist or it can challenge the experimental chemist to find entirely new chemical objects .

set: There are two different aspects to computational chemistry : So , computational chemistry can assist experimental chemists .


set: In 1964 , Hückel method calculations ( using a simple linear combination of atomic orbitals ( LCAO ) method for the determination of electron energies of molecular orbitals of π electrons in conjugated hydrocarbon systems ) of molecules ranging in complexity from butadiene and benzene to ovalene , were generated on computers at Berkeley and Oxford .

set: In 1964 , Hückel method calculations ( using a simple linear combination of atomic orbitals ( LCAO ) method for the determination of electron energies of molecular orbitals of π electrons in conjugated hydrocarbon systems ) were generated on computers at Berkeley and Oxford .


set: This process of determining stationary points is called geometry optimization .

set: This process of determining stationary points is called `` geometry optimization '' .


set: Both ab initio and semi-empirical approaches involve approximations .

set: Both ab initio and semi-empirical approaches use approximations .


set: For example , most ab initio calculations make the Born-Oppenheimer approximation , which greatly simplifies the underlying Schrödinger equation by assuming that the nuclei remain in place during the calculation .

set: For example , most ab initio calculations make the Born-Oppenheimer approximation , which greatly simplifies the underlying Schrödinger equation by freezing the nuclei in place during the calculation .


set: A stationary point is a geometry such that the derivative of the energy with respect to all displacements of the nuclei is zero .

set: A stationary point is a geometry where the derivative of the energy with respect to all displacements of the nuclei is zero .


set: Computational chemistry is a branch of chemistry that uses computer simulation to assist in solving chemical problems .

set: Computational chemistry is a branch of chemistry that uses computer science to help solve chemical problems .


set: Each isomer is a local minimum on the energy surface ( called the potential energy surface ) created from the total energy ( i.e. , the electronic energy , plus the repulsion energy between the nuclei ) as a function of the coordinates of all the nuclei .

set: Each isomer is a local minimum on the energy surface ( called the potential energy surface ) created from the total energy ( that is , the electronic energy , plus the repulsion energy between the nuclei ) as a function of the positions of all the nuclei .


set: A very detailed account of such use in the United Kingdom is given by Smith and Sutcliffe .

set: Smith and Sutcliffe wrote a very detailed account of such use in the United Kingdom .


set: Computational chemistry has five major parts : A single molecular formula can represent a number of molecular isomers .


set: This leads to the evaluation of the total energy as a sum of the electronic energy at fixed nuclei positions and the repulsion energy of the nuclei .

set: With this simplification , the total energy is a sum of the electronic energy at fixed nuclei positions and the repulsion energy of the nuclei .


set: Computational chemistry methods range from highly accurate to very approximate ; highly accurate methods are typically feasible only for small systems .

set: Computational chemistry methods range from highly accurate to very approximate .


set: The goal of computational chemistry is to minimize this residual error while keeping the calculations tractable .

set: The goal of computational chemistry is to minimize this residual error while keeping the calculations to a size that a computer can perform .


set: In all cases the computer time and other resources ( such as memory and disk space ) increase rapidly with the size of the system being studied .

set: In all cases , as the size of the system being studied grows , the computer time and other resources ( such as memory and disk space ) used also grows .


set: Examples of such properties are structure ( i.e. the expected positions of the constituent atoms ) , absolute and relative ( interaction ) energies , electronic charge distributions , dipoles and higher multipole moments , vibrational frequencies , reactivity or other spectroscopic quantities , and cross sections for collision with other particles .

set: Computational chemistry can predict structure ( that is , the expected positions of the molecule 's atoms ) , absolute and relative ( interaction ) energies , electronic charge distributions , dipoles and higher multipole moments , vibrational frequencies , reactivity or other spectroscopic quantities , and cross sections for collision with other particles .


set: The total energy is determined by approximate solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation , usually with no relativistic terms included , and by making use of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation , which allows for the separation of electronic and nuclear motions , thereby simplifying the Schrödinger equation .

set: The Born-Oppenheimer approximation , which allows for the separation of electronic and nuclear motions , can simplify the Schrödinger equation .


set: With the development of efficient computer technology in the 1940s , the solutions of elaborate wave equations for complex atomic systems began to be a realizable objective .

set: The development of efficient computer technology in the 1940s made calculating elaborate wave equations for complex atomic systems possible .


set: When one of these is found , it is necessary to move the search away from it if the experimenter is looking solely for local minima and transition structures .

set: However , most experimental chemists are looking solely for local minima and transition structures .


set: Theoretical chemists became extensive users of the early digital computers .

set: Theoretical chemists used the early digital computers a lot .


set: It uses methods of theoretical chemistry , incorporated into efficient computer programs , to calculate the structures and properties of molecules and solids .

set: These programs calculate the structures and properties of molecules and solids .


set: Building on the founding discoveries and theories in the history of quantum mechanics , the first theoretical calculations in chemistry were those of Walter Heitler and Fritz London in 1927 .

set: They built on the founding discoveries and theories in the history of quantum mechanics .


set: The term theoretical chemistry may be defined as a mathematical description of chemistry , whereas computational chemistry is usually used when a mathematical method is sufficiently well developed that it can be automated for implementation on a computer .

set: Computational chemistry uses mathematical methods that are well developed .


set: As these methods are pushed to the limit , they approach the exact solution of the non-relativistic Schrödinger equation .

set: Approximate solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation give the total energy of the system , usually with no relativistic terms included .


set: During the 1970s , widely different methods began to be seen as part of a new emerging discipline of computational chemistry .

set: During the 1970s , computational chemistry adopted many different methods .


set: While computational results normally complement the information obtained by chemical experiments , it can in some cases predict hitherto unobserved chemical phenomena .

set: Computational chemistry normally complements the information obtained by chemical experiments .


set: Jack Sock defeated Denis Kudla , 3-6 , 6-2 , 6-2 Daria Gavrilova defeated Yulia Putintseva , 6-3 , 6-2 Duilio Beretta \ / Roberto Quiroz defeated Oliver Golding \ / Jiří Veselý , 6-1 , 7-5 Tímea Babos \ / Sloane Stephens defeated An-Sophie Mestach \ / Silvia Njirić , walkover Shingo Kunieda defeated Nicolas Peifer , walkover Esther Vergeer defeated Daniela Di Toro , 6-0 , 6-0 Maikel Scheffers \ / Ronald Vink defeated Nicolas Peifer \ / Jon Rydberg , 6-0 , 6-0 Esther Vergeer \ / Sharon Walraven defeated Daniela Di Toro \ / Aniek van Koot , 6-3 , 6-3 David Wagner defeated Peter Norfolk , 6-0 , 2-6 , 6-3 Nick Taylor \ / David Wagner defeated Johan Andersson \ / Peter Norfolk , 7-5 , 7-6 ( 4 )

set: Jack Sock beat Denis Kudla , 3-6 , 6-2 , 6-2 Daria Gavrilova beat Yulia Putintseva , 6-3 , 6-2 Duilio Beretta \ / Roberto Quiroz beat Oliver Golding \ / Jiří Veselý , 6-1 , 7-5 Tímea Babos \ / Sloane Stephens beat An-Sophie Mestach \ / Silvia Njirić , walkover Shingo Kunieda beat Nicolas Peifer , walkover Esther Vergeer beat Daniela Di Toro , 6-0 , 6-0 Maikel Scheffers \ / Ronald Vink beat Nicolas Peifer \ / Jon Rydberg , 6-0 , 6-0 Esther Vergeer \ / Sharon Walraven beat Daniela Di Toro \ / Aniek van Koot , 6-3 , 6-3 David Wagner beat Peter Norfolk , 6-0 , 2-6 , 6-3 Nick Taylor \ / David Wagner beat Johan Andersson \ / Peter Norfolk , 7-5 , 7-6 ( 4 )


set: Vania King \ / Yaroslava Shvedova defeated Liezel Huber \ / Nadia Petrova , 2-6 , 6-4 , 7-6 ( 7-4 ) Liezel Huber \ / Bob Bryan defeated Květa Peschke \ / Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi , 6-4 , 6-4 .

set: Vania King \ / Yaroslava Shvedova beat Liezel Huber \ / Nadia Petrova , 2-6 , 6-4 , 7-6 ( 4 ) Liezel Huber \ / Bob Bryan beat Květa Peschke \ / Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi , 6-4 , 6-4 .


set: The 2010 US Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts , held from August 30 to September 13 , 2010 in the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center at Flushing Meadows , Queens , New York City , United States .

set: The 2010 US Open was a tennis event played on an outdoor hard courts , held between August 30 and September 13 , 2010 at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows , Queens , New York City , United States .


set: The tournament was initially going to finish with Men 's Singles final on September 12 , but was postponed due to rain on the last day and just before the men 's tournament final .

set: The men 's singles final was initially going to be played on September 12 , but due to rain the final was postponed till the following day .