In this major retelling of the history of science from 1450 to the present day, James Poskett explodes the myth that science began in Europe.
The blinkered Western gaze focusing on individual 'genius' - Copernicus, Newton, Darwin, Einstein - was only one part of the story. The reality was an utterly global, non-linear pattern of cross-fertilization, competition, cooperation and outright conflict. Each rupture in history carved fresh channels for global exchange.
Here, for the first time, Poskett celebrates how scientists from Africa, America, Asia and the Pacific were integral to this very human story. We meet Graman Kwasi, the African botanist who discovered a new cure for malaria; Hantaro Nagaoka, the Japanese scientist who first described the structure of the atom; and Zhao Zhongyao, the Chinese physicist who discovered antimatter.
Winner of the 2023 Jerry Bentley Prize in World History, American Historical Association.
Shortlisted for the 2022 British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding.
Translated into French, German, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Romanian, Greek, Chinese, and Korean.
Phrenology was the most popular mental science of the Victorian age. From American senators to Indian social reformers, this new mental science found supporters around the globe. Materials of the Mind tells the story of how phrenology changed the world—and how the world changed phrenology.
This is a story of skulls from the Arctic, plaster casts from Haiti, books from Bengal, and letters from the Pacific. Drawing on far-flung museum and archival collections, and addressing sources in six different languages, Materials of the Mind is an impressively innovative account of science in the nineteenth century as part of global history. It shows how the circulation of material culture underpinned the emergence of a new materialist philosophy of the mind, while also demonstrating how a global approach to history can help us reassess issues such as race, technology, and politics today.
Winner of the 2020 President's Book Award, Social Science History Association.


At http://www.archive.org/details/rhapblue11924 there is the original recording of Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue. This record was released soon after the piece was first performed (1924) and soon replaced by an electrically recorded record.
Gershwin told his first biographer Isaac Goldberg in 1931: "It was on the train, with its steely rhythms, its rattle-ty bang, that is so often so stimulating to a composer – I frequently hear music in the very heart of the noise... And there I suddenly heard, and even saw on paper – the complete construction of the Rhapsody, from beginning to end. No new themes came to me, but I worked on the thematic material already in my mind and tried to conceive the composition as a whole. I heard it as a sort of musical kaleidoscope of America, of our vast melting pot, of our unduplicated national pep, of our blues, our metropolitan madness. By the time I reached Boston I had a definite plot of the piece, as distinguished from its actual substance."


Top Ten Books of 2018
Top Ten Books of 2018
Many amazing books came out this year and it is hard to narrow down so many narratives into only one list. But here is a list that has many different genres, formats, and unique aspects. How many of these have you read and how many are going on your to-be-read list?
- Kingdom of Ash (Throne of Glass #7) by Sarah J Maas- The final installment in this high fantasy series came out in October. Kingdom of Ash won best young adult fantasy book of 2018 from Goodreads. Throne of Glass follows Adarlan’s most notorious assassin, Celaena Sardothien as she fights for her freedom after being enslaved in the salt mines for a year. This final conclusion brings all the beloved characters together one last time in the fight for their home.
- The Lady’s Guide to Petticoats and Piracy (The Montague Siblings #2) by Mackenzi Lee- Felicity Montague has survived a grand tour that went sideways, a scramble for a lost and powerful object and her brother’s overly dramatic behavior. But as her life begins to go back to normal, Felicity decided it isn’t enough. No university in the United Kingdom will let her study medicine, let alone become a doctor. Our witty heroine jumps at the chance to work alongside her medical hero, and jumps straight into more trouble.
- The Witch Doesn’t Burn in This One (Women are some kind of magic #2) by Amanda Lovelace- This collection of poetry deals with subject such as loss, growth, and love in ways that can only be described as painstakingly beautiful. The sequel to The Princess Saves Herself in This One encourages readers to take control of their stories and rise above those who try and burn them.
- The Burning Maze (Trials of Apollo #3) by Rick Riordan- This series follows Apollo after his fall from Olympus after the events in the Heroes of Olympus series. With cameos from our favorite Percy Jackson character, this book is a must read from fans of any age. Apollo, with the alias of Lester Papadopoulos, sets out to save the five oracles with the help of demigod Meg who has power over trash. Yes, trash.
- Obsidio (The Illuminae files #3) by Amie Kaufma and Jay Kristoff- Obsidio is the third book in this series so to give you a summary without spoilers here is a summary of the first book: The day Kady Grant broke up with her boyfriend Ezra Mason, her world ended. Literally. Company BeiTech attacks her planet and she flees on the space science ship Hypatia, which flies alongside Alexander and Copernicus. But one of the ships that attacked her home is right behind them, and is looking to wipe out any survivors. One ship is infected with a deadly virus and another’s artificial intelligence called ADIAN is acting strangely. Looking for answers, Kady hacks into the ships files and works alongside other hackers in hopes to save them from impending doom. This book is written as a compilation of emails, government documents, IMs, and code from ADAIN and makes for a gripping read.
- Children of Blood and Bone by Tomi Adeyemi- After magic disappears from Zélie’s world and her mother is killed in the eradication of magic wielders, she goes on a quest in order to bring back magic for everyone. But she can’t do it alone. Zélie works alongside a rogue princess and against the crown prince. Can she deal with the loss of her mother and save her world?
- Spinning Silver by Naomi Novak- In this retelling of Rumpelstiltskin, the daughter of a moneylender named Miryem has a reputation of turning silver into gold. She tries to save her family’s business after they lend too much money. Miryem also deals with the much darker side of her home, the monster that lurks just outside of town in the dark forest.
- Vengeful (Villains #2) by VE Schwab- Vengeful is the second books, following the events of Vicious. Vicious follows two roomates Eli and Victor. After surviving a near death experience and gaining abilities, both begin down a path far more sinister than they ever dared before. Ten years later, Victor breaks out of prison and restarts his quest to go after his enemy- Eli.
- Queen of Air and Darkness (The Dark Artifices #3)by Cassandra Clare- This last book of the Dark Artifices, the journey starting with Lady Midnight. Set in the Shadowhunter world, Lady Midnight follows Parabatai (two warriors with a special bond), Julian Blackthorn and Emma Carstairs. In this world Parabatai are two bonded souls that are never far apart, and there is nothing they can’t do- except fall in love. It is forbidden and rumored that it will drive them insane. But as the two Parabatai start to feel more than they should, their world turns on its head. They must work together to solve the murders of human and faeries before it is too late.
- Truly Devious by Maureen Johnson- When Stevie Bell begins her first year at Ellingham Academy she has the ambitious goal, to solve the cold case surrounding the family that founded the very school she is about to set foot in. The unsolved case from the previous century has stumped many investigators and students, but this crime loving character knows she can solve this murder. But when Truly Devious, the murder from the cold case, makes a surprising visit to Ellingham Academy again one thing is certain- no one is safe.
Many people seemed to enjoyed Truly Devious, I’m excited and have been saving it for January 😀 I really want to read Vengeful, but I’m saving it for the break since I feel like I need to be in a certain mood to read it. Great wrap up!


In 2023, we introduced a Reading Spine across the school from Nursery to Year 6. This was to ensure that we had a structured set of books that all children will read or hear over their time at Cleadon C of E Academy. The Reading Spine was created as a staff team with input from the children on their favourite stories. The spine supports age appropriate language and vocabulary development and also has a range of books that reinforce the teaching of diversity, bullying, SEND and different types of families.
These books are read to the children at story time and are available for the children to take home from the school library as part of their weekly reading provision.


Free Citation Machine To utilise Within your Study Duties
Free citation generator by a large user community and developer community. You can pay for upgraded storage, although it’s an open source software and it’s free to use. The free version features unlimited desktop storage, and 1GB of web space. Feel free to use Citation generator on your desktop or Mac and it’s not difficult to download and install. It extracts metadata from PDF files and searches PubMed for matches. In addition it imports data from webpages, allowing it to create bibliographies for a word processor. It arrives with 12 popular styles and helps you download more.
Citation generator is compatible with Microsoft Word versions 2016 or higher. Furthermore, it supports the iPad’s Word app. If you’re using the desktop version.
Citation generator is a free citation builder that can be used for a variety of purposes, including writing academic papers, you can also install Citation Generator Plugin for Word. It would help prevent plagiarism by automatically providing information for readers to determine the original source. Its user-friendly interface makes it easy to get the approach of obtaining any text or article, with its search feature allows users to key in a title or author and grab an index of results.
Citation generator uses the MLA and APA styles to make citations. It may even help you create citations for incomplete sources. It truly is obtainable for Android and Apple devices. The app also allows users to scan the barcodes of the sources they will be citing. You might also take advantage of the app to look formusic and books, and scientific papers. It supports both the APA and MLA styles, and you may also specify university-specific citation styles.
APA citation generator
The APA citation generator free citation generator is definitely a tool which enables users create citations. It functions by taking information belonging to the user, usually by using text. Users simply enter the title of a source and also generator will generate the perfect citation. Users could even use APA citation generator to manually enter citation data. The generator is additionally compatible with a number of citation styles. And generating citations, APA citation generator also lets users export their saved citations to Microsoft Word or Google Docs.
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A citation generator is regarded as a tool which will take the specifics of a source and transforms it into a proper citation and free citation machine. Information generally comes from anyone and its by means of text. Then generator will automatically add the appropriate formatting in to the source information. It will also pay attention to capitalization and spelling errors and add all of them to the citation.
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The Citation Maker is a free citation generator that can be used to generate citations in the MLA and APA styles. Further, it offers additional features, including auto fill and the cabability to change citation styles. It happens to be readily available both iOS and Android devices. And journals, this citation maker is ideal.
This citation maker helps you work smarter, if you need a fast way to generate references from onlinearticles and books. It includes multiple styles available, including APA, Chicago, MLA and IEEE and AMA. The interface makes it easy to find sources. Simply go into the unique identifier inside the source, include things like author and title, additionally the software will display the effects.
Free Citation Generator
A free citation generator allows you to create references that happens to be connected to your paper and avoid plagiarism. It produces relevant and consistent references and will often help you avoid misquoting or incorrect phrasing. Furthermore, it creates references that begin with correct style and format. It is necessary to use quotation marks that match the words in the primary source if you use a direct quote. Another common mistake is to utilize the incorrect wording or phrasing when using a direct quote.
MLA citation generator
MLA citation generator is an excellent free citation generator for various uses. If you’re working on a paper or are writing a thesis, this tool can help you make citations easily and conveniently. This has several features, together with a web importer for Google Chrome as well as extension for Word that adds PDFs to your personal MLA citation generator library. You can purchase upgraded storage space for a fee, though you can also create a watch folder to collect your references for easy reference.
MLA citation generator is free to use. The free version allows nearly two GB of online storage for PDFs as well as being backed by most commonly encountered web browsers. It is usually easy to learn and uses a basic web interface. The web page is open source, making it free to use for personal and business use.
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AMA citation generator
AMA citation generator is a really citation generator that automatically createsMLA and APA, and Chicago citations for yourself. Additionally it offers several types of other features, such as a plagiarism checker and grammar and spelling checker. It supports many different styles, and so it backs increase your citations inside a cloud. One other popular choice is Citation Machine, which automatically creates citations in lots of styles, includingAPA and MLA, and Chicago. It can be a service provided by AMA citation generator.
AMA citation generator even offers a number of other highlights, including the capacity to export your citations in bulk to Word or Docs. Before incorporating them into your research paper, this makes it easy for you to generate multiple lists and prune them manually. This software is usually suitable for both APA and MLA styles, as well as being free of charge. The interface of AMA citation generator is a drawback, however. It is not as user-friendly as AMA citation generator, and there are many errors of the source codes.
Other functions of AMA citation generator have the option to sign in with Google and make up a single account. Moreover, in addition it gives the convenient option for students saving content to their own personal notebooks. AMA citation generator is free for schools, and this offers an array of citation styles and campus management tools. You can request a promotion code, that will be mailed for your needs by August 5. This service is only open to individual campuses, that means you can’t register a district with service.
Harvard citation generator
You may create citations by manually typing involved in the information, or you can use a citation generator for free. You will find different citation styles, including the APA style. These power tools are engineered to help you format your references and cite different sources accurately and quickly. You can also check for plagiarism using the service’s plagiarism detection tool, and the citation generator can also help you proofread your paper.
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Regardless of the style you use, a citation generator should help you create the best possible citation for your source material. By referencing your source, you can avoid plagiarism, and it also makes it easier for your readers to find the original work. Harvard citation generator easy-to-use interface makes identifying your source a simple process. You can look for anyidentifier and title, or author, in addition to citation builder will produce a listing of citations that are derived from that unique information. You can then copy and paste these citations inside your bibliography.
Harvard citation generator
The Harvard citation generator free citation generator delivers the convenience of creating citations in-text. This citation maker supports various academic writing formats and styles. The device will also support exporting full lists of citations to MS Word or clipboard. The tool generates accurate citations inside of theAPA and MLA, and Chicago styles.
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Pilita Corrales: Adlaw Ug Gabi-i
Here is a beautiful song by the greatest singer of the Philippines, who is referred to as "Asia's Queen of Songs".
Although sung in Cebuano, "Adlaw Ug Gabi-i" is not a Cebuano song, it's a Tagalog song called "Araw-Araw, Gabi-Gabi" ("Day & Night"), coming from the 1975 movie "Araw-Araw, Gabi-Gabi". Pilita Corrales was born in Cebu City, in 1939, of Spanish and indigenous Cebuano ancestry. In 1958, she began her recording career after arriving with a shipwrecked troupe of performers in Melbourne. She left her mark by becoming the first woman to make the Australian pop charts. She became a star of the Melbourne TV circuit and she's billed as one of the Grand Dames of Melbourne Radio and Television. As one of the pioneers of Australia's early television years, a street was named after her outside Melbourne. Pilita returned to Manila during the mid 1960's. She performed regularly in stage shows at the Manila Grand Opera House. She has performed with internationally acclaimed artists like Sammy Davis Jr. the Beatles, Bob Hope, Pat Boone, Frank Sinatra and Julie Andrews. She also appeared in movies, most of them musicals. Pilita later recorded numerous albums in Spanish in the early 60's as well as numerous LPs in English, Tagalog and Cebuano during the 1970's under Vicor Music Corporation. Her multiawarded TV program at ABS-CBN, "An Evening with Pilita" (1965-1972), is widely considered as one of the benchmarks in Philippines broadcasting history. Through the personal invitation of Sammy Davis Jr., Pilita became the first Filipino to sing in Caesars Palace. In 1991, she was given a Lifetime Achievement Award by the Philippines Association of the Record Industry for bringing Filipino musical artistry to international audience. She also holds the distinction of being the first Filipino to win in an international music festival by bagging the Best Performer Award during the 1st Tokyo Music Festival (1972) where she bested numerous international artists. With over 135 albums to her credit and an international profile with many appearances in Asia, the Middle East, Australia and North America, she still enjoys a reputation as "singing icon and living legend".
Enjoy the beautiful voice of the "Barbra Streisand" of the Philippines!


Towards the end of the fourth season of the television show Lost, the name Jeremy Bentham is banded about a bit. Already we know that the writers of the show have panache for English philosophers (e.g. John Locke). This modern reference of such a historical name begs the question to be asked: so who exactly was Jeremy Bentham?
Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) is the founder of Utilitarianism, an Enlightenment philosophy based on utility, which approves of an action in so far as an action has an overall tendency to promote the greatest amount of happiness. Bentham viewed rights and duties as legal concepts linked with the notions of command and approval. Social actions should aim at producing ‘the greatest good for the greatest number.’ Bentham campaigned for social and political reforms in all areas, most notably the criminal law and prison reform. He was a sever critique of the death penalty and argued in favor of individual and economic freedom, the separation of church and state, freedom of expression, equal rights for women, the end of slavery, the abolition of physical punishment (including that of children), the right to divorce, free trade, usury, the decriminalization of homosexual acts.
To place Bentham in historical context, across Europe there was a profound movement of reformation, most radically occurring in France in the form of the French Revolution. Apart from theoretical considerations, Bentham condemned the belief in natural rights on the grounds that it inspired violence and bloodshed, the fundamental rights at the heart of the French Revolution. Bentham codified his philosophy of utility in The Principles of Morals and Legislation, published in 1789.
So do you see parallels between the founder of utilitarianism and the practice of utility on Lost?
http://www.utilitarianism.com/bentham.htm; http://www.britannia.com/history/; The Oxford Illustrated History of Britain, ed. Kenneth O. Morgan, Oxford University Press, 1997:436-7.


Special Day Cooking is a first-of-its-kind life skills cookbook written for people with developmental challenges. It has a collection of delicious consistently formatted everyday recipes. Each recipe is on one two-page layout, with consistent language, consistent easy to follow step-by-step instructions, and colorful pictures.
Special Day Cooking teaches an important everyday life skill. Making cooking fun whether you are preparing a salad for dinner or bringing a dessert for a party. This unique cookbook presents a proven approach to cooking that has been successful in the classroom and community settings.
Special Day Cooking recipes are:
* Can be completed in less than 1 hour
* Teaches an invaluable life skill
* Promotes independent living
* Builds social skills
* Builds self-esteem and self-confidence
* Fosters teamwork
* Helps strengthen motor skills
* An exciting activity to share with family & friends.


Recently, I was kindly provided a copy of a fascinating book, Gateway of the Gods, by the Author, Craig Hines. The book is an investigation of fallen angels, the nephilim, alchemy, climate change, and the secret destiny of the human race.
This book is truly thought provoking and is not for the feint of heart. This is a "heavy, heady" read, which makes it all the more intriquing. The research that has been done, accompanied by many illustrated drawings and actual photos, further clarifies the theories.
Hats off to Craig for this one.
I am currently in the process of reviewing the book and absorbing it's many insightful facts and theories, but wanted to make an early mention of it before I am finished simply because I feel that this material is the kind of subject matter that everyone should consider pondering at least once in their lifetime.
I will be posting several articles in the weeks to come that discuss these topics in detail - so please continue to check back. There is no doubt in my mind that Craig's book is surely going to give us all something to think about.
Here is the description provided and the topics explored taken from the book:
This ground-breaking and provocative book presents new and astonishing interpretations of ancient history, mythology and world religions that will call many established beliefs into question. In Gateway of the Gods, author Craig Hines invites readers to reconsider preconceived notions concerning Biblical theology in light of recent scientific discoveries and inquiries concerning the nature of the universe.
This fascinating exploration reveals a number of ideas that have been suppressed and obscured behind layers of symbolism and misguided propaganda for thousands of years... until now.
- Why is it that so many world cultures share details of an event when fallen angels descended upon the earth and fathered hybrid offspring called the Nephilim?
- Is it possible that these beings used "gateway" technology housed within pyramids and holy temples to travel between the heavenly and earthly realms?
- Do the latest advances in theoretical physics lend credibility to the idea that otherworldly beings might reside in dimensions parallel to our own?
- Do the recorded voices of the "dead," known as Electronic Voice Phenomena (EVP), indicate that we may be able to communicate with these other realms?
- Was a secret message embedded within ancient texts that could only be revealed after we have attained the knowledge and technology necessary to understand it?
- Does this message offer a solution to the approaching environmental disaster that scientists warn will be more devastating to human civilization than any others in recorded history?
Drawing from a variety of historical sources and years of meticulous research, the author weaves together a compelling argument involving a range of seemingly disparate topics that when considered together, formulate a radically new narrative concerning the history and destiny of the human race.
In the meantime, here are some links to pages within Craig's site:


I know you love the Bible from cover to cover, so you'll never admit what I'm about to: some parts of it are a little, shall we say, boring. Like the Book of Numbers. How often to you read Numbers in your devotional time, right? Anyway, I was recently asked to help make this tough book come alive for readers of the Scripture Union Bible guide, Encounter with God. Check out what I had to say in the short video above and see if it makes you want to read the Book of Numbers.


Queer Year 1 (QY1)
Designed for undergraduate students, this cohort program helps connect LGBTQ and allied students to the Queer community on campus and the larger community of Charlotte. The program will engage students through the arts, community activism, community outreach and connecting to campus life.
Conference on Carolina Queer Youth
The Carolina Conference on Queer Youth is held in October each year in partnership with TIme Out Youth. The one-day conference is a unique opportunity for area representatives to network, dialogue, and organize around issues important to the healthy development of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning youth in K-12 education. The conference is free for students (K-12 & college) and also offers CEU credit for professionals.
The King-Henry-Brockington LGBTQ Community Archive
is a community-sponsored project that seeks to collect, preserve, and protect the LGBTQ community history of Charlotte. The project began as a series of conversations by local LGBTQ people about the importance of a repository for materials that make up the diverse and complex history of this community. The J. Murray Atkins Special Collections archive at UNC Charlotte has graciously agreed to house the materials and to allow its team of professional archivists to process the materials.
The long-term goal for the project is to collect and then exhibit the materials in the collection to assist in community building, partnership building, and LGBTQ community engagement for all people in Charlotte. This archive will be a "Living Archive" whose materials will be used within the community to showcase our diverse history and to help build a stronger LGBTQ community here in the Queen City.


HAVE YOUR SAY
Public Consultation drop-in sessions November and December 2018:
Surrey's Children's Centres, Libraries and SEND will be holding a series of drop-in events across the county. These events are an opportunity for you to find out more and have your say on the consultations.
Tuesday 20 November, 1pm - 3pm,
Focus Youth Centre, 9 Depot Rd, Epsom, KT17 4RJ
For a full list of dates & venues please see https://www.surreycc.gov.uk/council-and-democracy/have-your-say/consultations/consultations-drop-in-sessions


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Gauri Kumaina - Oral History interview recorded on 06 April 2017 at KB Mission, Milne Bay Province
Mrs Gauri Kumaina was just a little girl when the war came. She tells the story of her family and their involvement in the war.
Mary Lucy Goelu - Oral History interview recorded on 25 March 2017 at Oinala, Milne Bay Province
In this interview, Mary Lucy Goelu describes how frightened she was as a child when the war came to her village in Milne Bay, and what her family needed to do in order to survive during the war.
Margo Doilegu - Oral History interview recorded on 06 April 2017 at Alotau, Milne Bay Province
Margo Doilegu talks about her childhood memories of what she and her family experienced when the War came to Milne Bay. She also talks about Maiogaru Taulebona.


Who was "Old Joe Clark"?
Admittedly, I relied heavily on Wikipedia for the following article. I could have just given y'all the link and you could have read it yourself. But, what's the fun in that?
I left in most of the links because it is fun to check the references in a Wikipedia article because they [shock!] contain more and corroborating information. For instance the Lisa Clark article gives us a picture of the Kentucky State Historical marker in front of the Post Office at Sextons Creek where Old Joe Clark was murdered. The marker also tells us the Old Joe Clark was: "a shiftless and rough mountaineer of that day. His enemies were legion; he was murdered in 1885. In the moonshining days of 1870's, he ran a government-supervised still."
Old Joe Clark is a US folk song, a mountain ballad that was popular among soldiers from eastern Kentucky during World War I and afterwards. Its lyrics refer to a real person named Joseph Clark, a Kentucky mountaineer who was born in 1839 and murdered in 1885. The "playful and sometimes outlandish verses" have led to the conjecture that it first spread as a children's song and via play parties. There are about 90 stanzas in various versions of the song. The tune is in the Mixolydian mode.
Although Old Joe Clark may have originated in the 19th century, no printed records are known from before 1900. An early version was printed in 1918, as sung in Virginia at that time.
Old Joe Clark has been described as "one of the most widely known of all Southern fiddle tunes [as of the late 20th century]. ... It has, to a degree, become part of the [United States] national repertory. One may hear it in bluegrass jam sessions, old-time fiddle sessions, and country dances throughout the United States."
According to Lisa Clark's research, Joseph Clark was born in Clay County, Kentucky on September 18, 1839. He was raised on the family farm at Sextons Creek, and married Elizabeth (Betty) Sandlin on January 12, 1857, when he was 17 and she was 15.
When the Civil War began, Joe was one of the first to enlist, even though he was married and had three children. He was 22 years old, stood 5 feet 8 inches, had a fair complexion, with light hair and blue eyes. He became ill during the winter months and was given a Disability Discharge in 1862.
Joe returned to Clay County and resumed farming. He bought 700 acres of land from his father in 1868, and lived in the log house on Sextons Creek that had been built by the Clark pioneers.
"Fare Thee Well" by Russell May - a limited edition print of Joe Clark's two story log cabin, which according to his great grandson Elijah Clark, is still standing today. [For details of Russell May's prints, contact Kathy May.]
Joe began earning a reputation in the local area, and Betty left him around 1864. He lived with several different women and had more children which he raised.
There was a popular break-down tune at the time that did not have lyrics, so some of Joe's friends started making up rhymes to be sung with the tune. From this originated the ballad of "OLD JOE CLARK." Joe is said to have liked the song until some of the more fun loving souls started making up rhymes that were not very complimentary.
He operated a country store near his house and also ran a moonshine still, under license from the state. The still was located in the bottom near his house, and Joe had orchards from which to gather the fruit for brandy and other drinks. He would load an ox cart with whiskey and take it to the round bottoms as well as selling it from his store. Joe had a Spencer rifle which he carried across his lap when riding and is said to have used it to shoot the arm off one of his neighbors when they got into a fight. One story has it that Joe also lost an arm, but J.B. Weaver, who married Joe's great-granddaughter, claimed Joe lost some use of his left arm after he had a fight with the father of John Lucas, who slashed him across the collar bone with a knife.
There are several stories surrounding his death. J.B. Weaver gave this account, as told to him by Joe's son. Joe was living with a woman named Chris Leger and they split up. He then began living with a McKenney woman in his store, renting his house to Chris and her new friend, the brother of Old Jim Howard. Leger and Howard then devised a plan whereby they would kill Joe and she would claim he had left the farm to her. Howard shot and killed Joe on April 22, 1886, near the back porch of the store. Howard then fled to Beattyville, where a few days later while crossing a bridge, he was stabbed to death by two men from Clay County.
Joe is buried in the Clark Cemetery on a hill overlooking the farm at Sextons Creek.
© Lisa Clark
1. "Old Joe Clark Ballad". Historical Marker #1382. Kentucky Historical Society, Kentucky Department of Highways. 1970. Retrieved 2008-08-26.
2. ^ Clark, Lisa. "Old Joe Clark Biography". The Rosinators. Retrieved 2008-08-26.
3. ^ a b c alan, jabbour,; henry, reed,. "Old Joe Clark". The Library of Congress. Retrieved 2017-06-03.
4. ^ Anthony, Wendy (February 2007). "Building a Traditional Tune Repertoire: Old Joe Clark". Mandolin Sessions. Mel Bay Publications. Retrieved 2008-08-26.
Gary Bell, VP


United Nations: A book on head of states and officials' legal immunity under international law was their most read book in 2015, said the UN headquarters' library, leading to expressions of concern from numerous netizens from across the world.
According to a Twitter update by the Dag Hammarskjold Library posted at the end of 2015, the 488-page-book titled "Immunity of Heads of State and State Officials for International Crimes, a 2013 doctoral thesis from the University of Lucern by Ramona Pedretti, was the "most popular book of 2015".
It discusses the immunity of heads of state and other state officials as rules of customary international law, immunity of heads of state from internationalised criminal jurisdiction, interdependency between immunity from criminal jurisdiction of a foreign state and immunity from international criminal jurisdiction among other issues.
Twitterati responded to the news, saying that it was "disturbing", "chilling" and "unbelievable". (IANS)


About Marty Tousley
About Grief Healing
About Grief Healing Discussion Groups
Children, Teens & Grief
Coping with Special Days
Voices of Experience
Sunday, September 26, 2010
Coping with Pet Loss, September 19 - September 25
Best selections from
Grief at death of the family cat,
Losing a special pet causes grief, questions, by Sue Manning
Planting a Tree in Memoriam, continued: Why not honor the new bond, too?
"Good Grief: Finding Peace after Pet Loss" Named Best Book of the Year 2010 in Self-Help category by Premier Book Awards!
Marty Tousley, RN, MS, FT
September 26, 2010
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Epidemiology: A 5.3 million article archive on Epidemiology. Very good resource for lecturers.
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By Terry Pratchett
How well do you know your Dickens? This isn’t so much a Dickens story, yet it features all sorts of Dickensian characters and the references are cleverly done. A story in its own right – I found it in the kids section, but it’s great for all ages!
A terrifically funny tale of dark deeds in Dickensian London, from master storyteller Terry Pratchett.
Dodger is a tosher – a sewer scavenger living in the squalor of Dickensian London.
Everyone who is nobody knows Dodger. Anyone who is anybody doesn’t.
But when he rescues a young girl from a beating, suddenly everybody wants to know him.
And Dodger’s tale of skulduggery, dark plans and even darker deeds begins…


The AVAnimator library was constructed with the specific goal of providing a library that can be easily (and legally) incorporated into an iOS app and sold via the iTunes app store. Libraries licensed under the LGPL (including libquicktime, quicktime4linux, and ffmpeg) are in murky legal territory due to static linking restrictions in the LGPL license. Read more about this issue here:
The AVAnimator library does not include code covered by the LGPL, so this specific issue is not a problem. The AVAnimator library is dual licensed. Example downloads provided are GPL licensed, you are free to download, evaluate, and use the AVAnimator software under the terms of the GPL.
A separate commercial license is available to enable integration without being bound by the terms of the GPL. Companies or individuals that would like to integrate the AVAnimator software into a product can obtain a commercial license for a one time cost of 475 USD. Please contact me directly to finalize a license for a specific usage.
Individuals or companies producing educational software or other software deemed to be in the public interest may be eligible to license the AVAnimator library at no cost. A no cost license will be evaluated on a case by case basis.


It’s that special time of year again, where we San Diegans celebrate the life and works of one of our own, Dr. Theodor Seuss Geisel! This past weekend marked what would have been the writers’ 109th birthday. It’s always a special time walking down library walk at UCSD and seeing everyone gather around a giant inflatable birthday cake situated outside the building that houses his legacy. When freshman first step foot in front of the famous library, the first thing they learn is about is why it was named after Dr. Seuss and how he and his wife Audrey, generously supported UCSD’s efforts to keep students reading.
Dr. Seuss’ birthday has been adopted as National Read Across America Day, which is an initiative curated by the National Education Association to encourage school aged children to incorporate reading for fun in to their everyday life.
We at I love A Clean San Diego share a common passion with Dr. Seuss, and that is our dedication to education and to conserving our environment. Dr. Seuss’ 1971 book “The Lorax” gives us the clearest view of the writer’s position on environmentalism and the human predicament. This children’s book, which was then considered radical commentary on eco-politics, is now renowned for the simple yet powerful message warning society about the dangers of over development and lack of sustainable living. This sort of level-headed environmentalism wasn’t common in the early ‘70’s and environmental activism was viewed as a sort of hippie nonsense. But it was the nonsensical whims of an exceedingly creative mind that brought children and adults alike to change their perception of the costs of human impact.
We citizens of San Diego are lucky to be able to lay claim to such a brilliant and forward thinking mind such as Dr. Seuss. If you look closely at the native trees and shrubs, you’ll notice an uncanny resemblance to the whacky illustrations of the plant life present on his colorful pages. His creative and inspiring messages live on in the spirit of today’s society and, no doubt, have an extra special place in the hearts of San Diegans.


Join Us on
Saturday, July 25: 10am - 12pm
At Reverie Apparel - 407 E Adams - Downtown Springfield
We will have BOTH books available for purchase! Sarah Stays Home & Sarah Wears a Mask. Both are thoughtful and relevant due to the stress of the ongoing pandemic. Written for 3rd-5th grade kiddos. Dr. Paoni is insightful with different techniques to stay positive and deal with anxiety and stress.
Proceeds from profits are being donated to Doctors Without Borders.
We are excited to Launch Sarah Wears a Mask at this event!
2020 brings us Sarah's Pandemic Stories, a short set of books for children (ages 7-12) which look at how kids cope with virus pandemic life changes. Topics include, staying positive while in quarantine, coping with social distancing, overcoming emotional distress, new life changes such as wearing a mask and returning to a new normal.
The book is illustrated by Dr. Paoni's sister, Christy Freeman Stark (www.christystudios.com). The color palette matches the mood of the situation to help the children connect more with the mood.
These are Dr. Paoni's first published childrens books - available on Amazon Paperback and Kindle or directly from the Publisher (local to Springfield, IL).
Coming soon: Allie is an Ally & Dylan's Hero (both in production)


I’ve just finished the book Roger Williams by historian Edwin S. Gaustad. Loaned to me by a friend from church, this brief book is an overview of the life and writings of the man who founded the colony of Rhode Island in the early 17th century. I recommend it to anyone who, like me, is frustrated by the frequent drumbeat among conservative Americans, as to the intent by America’s founders to create a Christian nation. Though it’s true that some were, Williams (along with William Penn some seventy years later) offers a fascinating counterpoint.
Simply put, Roger Williams was one of the guys that the Massachusetts Bay Colony folks persecuted for not toeing the spiritual line. A devout follower of Jesus, Williams believed firmly in liberty of conscience, and was therefore as offended by the theocratic tendencies of the Massachusetts leaders, as he was by those of the European despots they had fled. Among his particularly interesting positions:
- Williams held that the English Crown’s grant of land patents was immoral, as the land was already owned by the natives who lived there. If the colonists wanted land, they should buy it from the Indians, not seek it from the King. “In doing this, Williams questioned the very foundation of the colony’s government and legitimacy. Williams was especially troubled by the use of the Christian religion to do a very un-Christian deed: namely, depriving the Indians of their own property without due compensation or negotiation. . .Christian kings somehow believe that they are invested with right, by virtue of their Christianity, ‘to take and give away the Lands and Countries of other men.‘” (p. 9)
- Williams also believed that requiring the phrase “so help me God” in an oath in court, was wrong in the case of anyone who was not himself a believer in God. In fact, he argued that to so require was to force the unbeliever, not only to violate his own conscience, but to break the third commandment (against taking the Lord’s name in vain) in the process.
For his unorthodox beliefs, Roger Williams was banished from the colony of Massachusetts, and forced to leave to parts unknown in the middle of winter in 1636. He wandered for a while in the wilderness, was offered hospitality by the Narragansett Indians, and finally established residence in what would become the town of Providence, Rhode Island (on land he purchased from the Indians). The colony which grew from these humble beginnings, required as part of its original laws and charters, absolute freedom of conscience in matters of religion. No anarchist, Williams made clear that citizens were still subject to civil governance, but that in matters of the state, the church would have no voice, and vice versa.
Interestingly, his convictions regarding freedom of conscience led Williams to found the first Baptist church in America in 1638. Though he himself left the church after a few months (concluding that the true church would only be re-established when Jesus returned to earth and appointed new apostles), he remained firm in his conviction that membership in both church and faith was a choice to be made by deliberate action of the individual–not a result of birth, christening, or residence (he actually wrote a tract “Christenings Make Not Christians” in 1645–though vitriolically anti-Catholic, it’s worth a read considering it challenges the Christianity of good Protestant Englishmen).
There’s much more, and I encourage you to get and read the book. . .and next time your friends trot out the writings of Patrick Henry to prove that America started out a Christian theocracy, remember the persecution and struggles of Roger Williams.


A Map of Sustainable Higher Education - We Are Online!Copyright: © Joscha Wirtz
What contribution to sustainable development can universities make in the fields of action sustainability reporting, governance, teaching, research, operations, and transfer? How can a common understanding of sustainability and transformation be developed in the university network? How can sustainable development succeed in universities as a whole?
These are the questions addressed by the project Sustainability At Universities: Develop - Network - Report (HOCH N). An important building block is the map of the sustainable university landscape, on which the profiles of Prof. Leicht-Scholten, Ms. Berg and Mr. Wirtz of the Responsible Research and Innovation Hub as well as of Ms. Böke and Ms. Jochim of the Staff Office for Sustainability and University Governance at RWTH Aachen University have recently been published.


Medicaid Forward: Children’s Health identifies opportunities for action to address the physical and mental health needs of children and their caregivers in the wake of the pandemic. This is an escalating challenge Medicaid and the CHIP programs must address for the more than 37 million children and young people are enrolled in either Medicaid or CHIP. Many of these children have experienced social isolation due to school closures and are enduring the secondary trauma of watching their parents and care-givers deal with the economic and health ramifications of COVID.
This webinar orients Medicaid leaders and the Medicaid policy community to the NAMD resource, Medicaid Forward: Children’s Health. This resource is the second in a three-part series that explores how Medicaid can support the nation’s recovery from the pandemic.


It has been interesting to see how many people have ordered the printed version of the FSP book as compared to downloading the e-version: slightly more than half have ordered the printed version. I thought that the pdf version would prevail over the print version because it is cheaper and faster to obtain, and because many of us do a lot of our reading in e-formats these days.
Part of the preference for print v. pdf may relate to a desire to gaze at (and possess) the glossy graph paper cover of the printed version (note that, contrary to the impression one gets from the low-resolution grayscale image on the preview screen, the actual cover has blue lines), but a more likely explanation may be that many people still prefer to read printed text instead of text on a screen.
Even though I too am fond of printed text in some forms, the number of documents that I read only in electronic format has been increasing steadily. I used to print out numerous drafts of each manuscript, mark up the printouts as I edited them, input my corrections into the file, then print it out again and repeat until it was perfect or I couldn't bear to read it again. I still go through numerous drafts, but now I only print out the almost-final version. In some cases -- e.g. if I am a minor co-author -- I never print the manuscript and only do electronic editing.
I also used to like to have a printed version of some reprints that I downloaded as pdf's, but now I almost never print them out, and I do most of my manuscript and proposal reviews without printing out the document.
Anyone who was on proposal review panel in decades past will remember the giant boxes of proposals that would arrive before a panel meeting. It was very daunting. We read just as many proposals online now, but somehow it doesn't seem quite so overwhelming because the experience isn't accompanied by a dramatic visual representation of forest clear-cutting.
Similarly, those who submitted proposals back in ancient times surely do not miss making 57 photocopies of each proposal, doing battle with the heavy-duty stapler, and then mailing everything off in a big box.
Despite the obvious improvement in quality of some aspects of academic life owing to the decline in use of paper documents, I don't know why my print v. pdf ratio for reading documents has changed so much in other respects. Perhaps the increase in e-reading is related in part to the fact that monitor quality has improved a lot. I have had the same size of monitor in terms of screen dimensions for 15 years, but reading a document on a non-flat lower resolution monitor, however large, in the days of yore was certainly not as easy on the eyes as reading a document on a high-res flat panel monitor. Perhaps also I just got used to reading documents on the screen and find it more efficient.
Print is still my preferred mode for reading books and my morning newspaper, and it is easier for my cats to sit on these than on a laptop keyboard, although they are quite skilled at both. Even so, I have been occasionally tempted by the thought of acquiring a electronic device for downloading and reading books. A friend of mine is quite happy with the Kindle portable reading device she acquired from Amazon, and I can see that there are certain circumstances when it would be very handy. For example, perhaps I could have avoided the trauma last year of being on a trans-Atlantic return flight with nothing to read but a book whose first chapter was narrated by a giraffe fetus.
It would be nice to have many options easily at hand without having to haul around a dozen books on each long trip, but it will be a sad day if my only option is to read books and newspapers on an electronic device, even if my print : pdf reading ratio is increasing year by year.
12 years ago


Adam in Islam
The name Adam written in Islamic calligraphy followed by Peace be upon him.
|Known for||First human being|
|Children||Hābēl Qābēl Shēth |
(هابيل ,قابيل, شِيث)
- ʾĀdam (Adam)
- ʾIdrīs (Enoch)
- Nūḥ (Noah)
- Hūd (Eber)
- Ṣāliḥ (Selah)
- ʾIbrāhīm (Abraham)
- Lūṭ (Lot)
- ʾIsmāʿīl (Ishmael)
- ʾIsḥāq (Isaac)
- Yaʿqūb (Jacob)
- Yūsuf (Joseph)
- Ayūb (Job)
- Shuʿayb (Jethro)
- Mūsā (Moses)
- Hārūn (Aaron)
- Dhul-Kifl (Ezekiel)
- Dāūd (David)
- Sulaymān (Solomon)
- Yūnus (Jonah)
- ʾIlyās (Elijah)
- Alyasaʿ (Elisha)
- Zakarīya (Zechariah)
- Yaḥyā (John)
- ʿĪsā (Jesus)
- Muḥammad (Muhammad)
Adam (Arabic: آدم, romanized: ʾĀdam) is believed to have been the first human being on Earth and the first prophet (Arabic: نبي, nabī) of Islam. Adam's role as the father of the human race is looked upon by Muslims with reverence. Muslims also refer to his wife, Hawā (Arabic: حواء, Eve), as the "mother of mankind". Muslims see Adam as the first Muslim, as the Quran states that all the Prophets preached the same faith of Islam (Arabic: إسلام, Submission to God).
An overview of creation
The Quran and Hadith give the same account of the creation of Adam. Synthesizing the Quran with Sunni Hadith can produce the following account. According to the Quran, when God informed the angels that He was going to put a successor on Earth, they questioned whether the human would cause blood shed and damage, but He told them that He knew what they did not. He created Adam from mud or clay and breathed life into him. Hadith add that he was named Adam after the clay he was made out of, or the skin (adim) of the earth.
According to the Quran, God commands the angels to prostrate before Adam wherein all amongst them obeyed except for Iblis, who claimed, "I am better than him. You created me of fire while him you created of mud."
Traditionally, Sunni scholars say that while Adam was sleeping, God took a rib from him and from it He created Eve. However, this is also considered "of the Israelites". While the creation of Adam and Eve is referred to in the Quran, the exact method of creation is not specified. The Quran then says that God commanded Adam and Eve not to eat from one tree in the garden, but Satan was able to convince them to taste it. They then began to cover themselves because they now knew that they were naked. For this, God banished Adam and Eve to earth; non-canonical Sunni hadith say that fruits were turned to thorns and pregnancy became dangerous. Non-canonical Sunni hadith also say that Adam and Eve were cast down far apart, so that they had to search for each other and eventually met each other at Mount Arafat.
In Islamic theology, it is not believed that Adam's sin is carried by all of his children. Hadith say that once Adam was on earth, God taught him how to plant seeds and bake bread. This was to become the way of all of Adam's children. Adam proceeded to live for about 1000 years, though this has been a topic of debate.
Islamic scholar Sayyid Mumtaz Ali, while commenting on whether Adam was first or Eve, says that "the fact that Adam was created first is nothing but childish. To begin with, we are tempted to assert that this is so because it was not acceptable to God that a woman is left without a companion for even a second. Therefore, it is for her sake that He created Adam first. But as a matter of fact, the belief that Adam was created first and then came Eve is part of the Christian and Jewish faith. This is not at all part of the Islamic creed. There is no mention in the Quran about who was created first, Adam or Eve."
Significance of Adam
According to disputed hadith, humankind has learned everything from Adam. He was the first to learn to plant, harvest, and bake as well as the first to be told how to repent and how to properly bury someone. It is also said by some scholars that God also revealed the various food restrictions and the alphabet to Adam. He was made the first prophet and it is said that he was taught 21 scrolls and was able to write them himself.
Adam was also created from earth. It is well known that earth produces crops, supports animals, and provides shelter, among many other things. Earth is very important to humankind, so being created from it makes them very distinct. According to some hadith, the various races of people are even due to the different colors of soil used in creating Adam. The soil also contributed to the idea that there are good people and bad people and everything in between in the world. Adam is an important figure in many other religions besides Islam, particularly in the Abrahamic Religions. The story of Adam varies slightly across religions, but manages to maintain a general theme and structure.
The story of angels prostrating before Adam gave rise to various debates about whether humans or angels rank higher. Angels bowing down before Adam is mentioned as evidence for human's superiority over the angels. Others hold that the prostration does not imply such a thing, but was merely a command or test for the angels. A position, especially found among Mu'tazilites and some Asharites, holds that angels are superior due to their lack of urges and desires. Maturidism generally does not think any of these creatures is superior to the other, and that angels' and prophets' obedience derive from their virtues and insights to God's action, but not as their original purity.
In the Quranic version of Adam's fall, Satan tempted them with the promise to become immortal angels. Al-Qushayri comments on 7:20, that Adam desired an angelic state of no passion and avoiding the fate of death.
Descendants of Adam
Though it is up for debate, it has been said that Eve went through 120 pregnancies with Adam and each of these consisted of a set of twins: a boy and a girl. In some other traditions, their first child was a girl, born alone, called ʿAnāq. According to several sources, God took all of Adam's progeny from his back while they were still in heaven. He asked each of them "am I not your lord?" as read in verse 7:172 and they all replied yes. For this reason, it is believed that all humans are born with an innate knowledge of God. The most famous of Adam's children are Cain and Abel. Both the brothers were asked to offer up individual sacrifices to God. God accepted Abel's sacrifice because of Abel's righteousness and Cain, out of jealousy, threw a rock at Abel, leading to the first murder in human history: the murder of Abel by Cain. As Adam grieved his son, he would preach to his other children about God and faith in Him. When Adam's death grew near, he appointed his son Seth as his successor.
Adam in the Quran
The story of Adam and creation is pieced throughout the Quran. There are references in chapters: 2, 4, 5, 20, 21, 38 and others. In the Quran narrative, God created humankind out of clay (Q3:59), shaped it to a form and then commanded the angels to bow (submit) to Adam. Iblis refused out of pride (Q15:26-32) and was banished from Jannah (Paradise).
According to the Quran, God had already decided before the creation of Adam that mankind (Adam and his progeny) would be placed on earth. Islam does not ascribe mankind's life on earth as a punishment, rather as part of God's plan.
"'Verily, I am going to place mankind generations after generations on earth.' They (the angels) said: 'Will You place therein those who will make mischief therein and shed blood, while we (the angels) glorify You with praises and thanks and sanctify You?' God said: 'I know that which you do not know.'"
God then teaches Adam the names of all things and assembles the angels in front of Adam so as to show them that there is more to Adam than they know, particularly the high intellectual capacity of Adam:
"And He taught Adam the names - all of them. Then He showed them to the angels and said, "Inform Me of the names of these, if you are truthful." They said: "Glory to Thee (said the angels), of knowledge We have none, save what Thou Hast taught us: In truth it is Thou Who art perfect in knowledge and wisdom." He said: "O Adam! Tell them their names." When he had told them, God said (to the angels): "Did I not tell you that I know the secrets of heaven and earth, and I know what ye reveal and what ye conceal?"
God commands the angels to bow down to Adam. All obey, except for Iblis, who feels that he being made from fire, should not be bowing to Adam who was made from earth. His disobedience of God's command followed by his pride caused him to fall out of God's favor:
"And behold, We said to the angels: "Bow down to Adam" and they bowed down. Not so Iblis: he refused and was haughty: He was of those who reject faith (those who are disobedient)." (2:34)
God later places Adam and Eve in the garden and tells them that they are free to enjoy of its fruits except not to come near a certain tree: (2:35)
"We said: "O Adam! dwell thou and thy wife in the Garden; and eat of the bountiful things therein as (where and when) ye will; but approach not this tree, or ye run into harm and transgression."
Satan then deceives Adam and Eve into eating of the fruits of the tree: (2:36)
"Then did Satan make them slip from the (garden), and get them out of the state (of felicity) in which they had been. We said: "Get ye down, all (ye people), with some of you having enmity towards others. On earth will be your dwelling-place and your means of livelihood - for a time."
Adam and Eve feel a lot of remorse for their actions, but God turns to Adam in mercy and consoles him: (2:37)
"Then learnt Adam from his Lord words of inspiration, and his Lord Turned towards him; for He is Oft-Returning, Most Merciful."
God then informs Adam that God will send his guidance to Adam and his progeny: (2:38)
"We said: "Get down all of you from this place (the garden), then whenever there comes to you Guidance from Me, and whoever follows My Guidance, there shall be no fear on them, nor shall they grieve."
In the Garden of Eden, Satan (often identified as Iblis) lures Adam and Eve into disobeying God by tasting the fruit from the forbidden tree. God, sends Adam and Eve out into the rest of the earth.
Adam in Hadith
A Hadith from Sahih al-Bukhari narrated by Abu Hurairah states that Adam was created 60 cubits tall (about 30 meters), and that people in Paradise will look like Adam. The height of humans has since decreased.
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Allah created Adam , sixty cubits (about 30 meters) in height. When He created him, He said (to him), "Go and greet that group of angels sitting there, and listen what they will say in reply to you, for that will be your greeting and the greeting of your offspring." Adam (went and) said, 'As-Salamu alaikum (Peace be upon you).' They replied, 'AsSalamu-'Alaika wa Rahmatullah (Peace and Allah's Mercy be on you) So they increased 'Wa Rahmatullah' The Prophet (ﷺ) added 'So whoever will enter Paradise, will be of the shape and picture of Adam Since then the creation of Adam's (offspring) (i.e. stature of human beings is being diminished continuously) to the present time."
- Biblical and Quranic narratives
- Legends and the Quran
- Muhammad in Islam
- Prophets of Islam
- Stories of The Prophets
- ^ Lalljee, compiled by Yousuf N. (1981). Know your Islam (3rd ed.). New York: Taknike Tarsile Quran. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-940368-02-6.
- ^ Historical Dictionary of Prophets in Islam and Judaism, Wheeler, Adam and Eve
- ^ Concise Encyclopedia of Islam, C. Glasse, Aadam = Adam = Man = Mankind = Early humans. His wife = Woman = Allegorically, early women. Udma = Ability to live together as a community. Aadam from Udma thus, indicates humankind. The word 'Eve' or 'Hawa' is not mentioned in the Quran. She is described with dignity as Mer’a-til-Aadam = Wife of Adam = Mrs. Adam.
- ^ Qur'an 2:30
- ^ [Quran 7:12 (Translated by Pickthall)]
- ^ a b c Wheeler, Brannon M. (2001). Introduction to the Quran : stories of the prophets. New York: Continuum. ISBN 0-8264-4957-3.
- ^ a b Thorp, John (1982). "The Muslim Farmers of Bangladesh and Allah's Creation of the World". Asian Folklore Studies. 41 (2): 202–203. doi:10.2307/1178123. JSTOR 1178123.
- ^ Phipps, William (1996). Muhammad and Jesus. New York: The Continuum Publishing Company. pp. 122–3. ISBN 0-8264-0914-8.
- ^ a b c d e f g al-Tabari (1989). The History of al-Tabari. New York: State University of New York Press. p. 259. ISBN 0-88706-562-7.
- ^ Deobandi, Sayyid Mumtaz Ali. "The Supremacy Myth". Huquq-e-Niswan (in Urdu) (1898 ed.). Lahore: Rifah-e-Aam Press. pp. 21–22. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
Adapted from Javed Anand's translation to the piece
- ^ a b c Kathir, Al-Imam ibn (2013). Stories of the Prophets. Fortress iPublications. ISBN 978-1-4848-4091-7.
- ^ a b Michael E. Stone, ed. (1998). Biblical figures outside the Bible. Harrisburg, Pa.: Trinity Press Internat. ISBN 1-56338-247-4.
- ^ Chipman, Leigh. "Adam and the Angels: An examination of mythic elements in Islamic sources." Arabica 49.4 (2002): 429-455.
- ^ Houtsma, M. Th. (1993). E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936, Band 5. BRILL. p. 191. ISBN 978-9-004-09791-9.
- ^ Ulrich Rudolph Al-Māturīdī und Die Sunnitische Theologie in Samarkand BRILL, 1997 ISBN 9789004100237 pp. 54-56
- ^ Gallorini, Louise. THE SYMBOLIC FUNCTION OF ANGELS IN THE QURʾĀN AND SUFI LITERATURE. Diss. 2021.
- ^ Roberto Tottoli, “ʿAnāq”, in Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE, ed. by Kate Fleet and others (first published online 2009), <http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_22679>.
- ^ Quran 3:59
- ^ Quran 15:26–32
- ^ Quran 7:19–24
- ^ Quran 20:115–123
- ^ Quran 5:26–31
- ^ Knappert, Islamic Legends, 39-40.
- ^ Sahih al-Bukhari 6227 https://sunnah.com/bukhari:6227
- Saad Assel, Mary (2010). 25 Icons of Peace in the Qur'an: Lessons of Harmony. iUniverse. p. 244. ISBN 978-1-4401-6901-4.
- Mehar, Iftikhar Ahmed (2003). Al-Islam: Inception to Conclusion. AL-ISLAM. p. 240. ISBN 978-1-4107-3272-9.
- Islam Kotob. Stories Of The Prophets By Ibn Kathir. Islamic Books.
- Lalljee, compiled by Yousuf N. (1993). Know your Islam (3rd ed.). New York: Taknike Tarsile Quran. p. 255. ISBN 978-0-940368-02-6.
- Islamic Concept of Adam's Creation Archived 2012-06-18 at the Wayback Machine


Livingston County, Kentucky has produced a number of men who have been prominent in public service, some who served in other states as well as in Kentucky. Included among this group is Francis Marion Martin, who made his mark after leaving Kentucky. He was the illegitimate child of a Miss Thompson and James Martin. In February 1837, James Martin officially acknowledged his son, then known as Francis Marion Thompson, six years old. Apparently, the child was living with James Martin at that time.
Francis Marion's mother is not identified, but is said to have died before the child was one year of age. James Martin died 21 January 1840 and is buried beside his wife, Elizabeth (Coffield) Martin in Slayden Cemetery #1, Burna, Livingston County.  In his will,James Martin left all his property to his "son and only heir Francis Marion Martin. Executors of this will were William N. Hodge and James L. Dallam.  Since he was only nine years old when his father died and his mother was also deceased, Francis Marion lived with the William N. Hodge family.
Francis Marion Martin "received only one year of formal schooling and served as a boat-hand on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, a store clerk, and a trader before moving to Texas in 1853."
Because Francis Marion was not yet 21 years old when he and Mary Catherine Hodge decided to marry, Blount Hodge was appointed his guardian to give consent for the license to be issued.  Blount Hodge was also bondsman on the marriage bond and W.N. Hodge, father of the bride, gave consent for his daughter to marry. On 11 April 1849, Francis Marion Martin and Mary C. Hodge were married in Livingston County. The following year Francis Marion, Mary C. and their first born child, Allis, were living with the W.N. Hodge family in Smithland.
In 1852, Francis Marion and Mary C. lost their second daughter, Lizzie, at just four months of age.
& Mary C.
2 1852 Died
Aug 15, 1852
She is buried in Smithland Cemetery.
One year later Francis Marion sold the land he had inherited from his father and moved his family to Texas, settling in Navarro County, where some of Mary Catherine's Hodge relatives had settled. Francis Marion farmed, raised stock and eventually acquired 1,500 acres of land in Navarro County.
Francis Marion first ran for state office in Navarro County in 1859 and was elected to the Senate. Then, when the Civil War started, he served as a captain in Company C, 20th Texas Cavalry, CSA. He returned to public life in 1878, when he was once more elected to the Senate. In 1882, while serving his last term as Senator, he successfully ran as lieutenant governor of Texas. In 1887, he switched his affiliation from the Democratic party to the Prohibition party and the next year was a candidate for governor. He was defeated and left the Prohibition party for membership in the Populist party. He ran for lieutenant governor in 1892 and 189 4, but was unsuccessful.
Mary C. (Hodge) Martin died in 1866 and F.M. married Angie Harle 22 October 1877 in Navarro County. There were seven children by the first marriage and three by the second marriage. The burial place of Mary C. Martin is unknown. Francis Marion Martin is buried at Oakwood Cemetery in Corsicana, Navarro County. His second wife, Angie Harle, lived until 1947 and is also buried in Oakwood Cemetery.
Francis Marion Martin's was age 73 when he died and he saw many changes during his lifetime. He was born in Smithland, Kentucky during the heyday of that town. His parents both died when he was young and he was reared by non-family friends. As a young married man, he left Kentucky for Texas, where he preceded to make his mark on that state.
 James Clark, Governor. Acts of the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, December Session, 1836, (Frankfort, KY: A.G. Hodges, State Printer, 1837) Chapter 222, An Act to change the name of Francis Marion Thompson, Approved, February 3, 1837, page 113.
 Handbook of Texas Online, Worth Robert Miller, "Martin, Francis Marion," accessed 8 January 2018, http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fma56.
 Find A Grave Memorial #41485155, accessed 12 January 2018. Also, conversation 10 January 2018 with Jerry Bebout, who submitted the Find A Grave information and photograph of the James Martin tombstone.
 Livingston County Will Book B, p. 70, dated July 1839 and proven in open court 3 February 1840.
 Handbook of Texas Online, "Martin, Francis Marion."
 Livingston County Court Order Book K, p . 76, 2 April 1849
 Joyce McCandless Woodyard. Livingston County, Kentucky Marriage Records Including Marriages of Freedmen, Vol. II (August 1839 - December 1871), (Evansville, IN: Evansville Bindery, 1994) 55.
 1850 Livingston County, Kentucky census, Roll M432_210, p. 373B, dwelling 706, family 706, Ancestry.com, accessed 8 January 2018.
 Tombstone photographed and recorded18 November 2017.
 Handbook of Texas Online, "Martin, Francis Marion."
 Texas Legislative Council Research Division, Presiding Officers of the Texas Legislature 1846-2016, (Austin, TX: Texas Legislative Council, 2016), Database and photograph, pp. 42-43, accessed 22 January 2018.
 Texas Marriages, 1837-1973, Database, FamilySearch, accessed 22 January 2018.
Published 25 January 2018, Western Kentucky Genealogy Blog, http://wkygenealogy.blogspot.com/


A jubilee edition of the infographic guide Agribusiness of Ukraine 2017/18 is released
The fifth jubilee edition of the infographic guide Agribusiness of Ukraine 2017/18 is available online.
This year, the guide consists of 55 pages of infographics about the Ukrainian agricultural sector. The handbook includes such thematic sections as:
- Agribusiness in 2017/2018;
- Crop Production;
- Animal Products;
- Processed Foods;
- Companies and Services.
In this edition, infographics were added on investments in the agricultural sector, credit financing, irrigation and the impact of climate on the agricultural sector, poultry farming, production of mixed feed and bakery products. And also information on the production of fruit and berries, fertilizers and PPPs, seeds and agricultural machinery was added.
The handbook was issued with the support of Credit Agricole Bank, Baker Tilly in Ukraine and AEQUO Law Firm.
The infographic guide was developed by the specialists of Latifundist Agro Media Holding and the content-marketing agency Top Lead.


LEGAL UPDATE: Did you know that on April 28 the People’s Committee of Ho Chi Minh City has issued new guidelines on what easing of social distancing means in HCMC following the Prime Minister’s Directive 19 on 24 April?
These guidelines became valid on 29 April 2020 until further notice.
The full translation of of these guidelines is in the link below (Letter No. 1553/UBND-VX dated 28 April 2020 to the Government departments and local People’s Committees under the HCMC People’s Committee regarding the implementation of Prime Minister’s Directive No. 19/CT-TTg dated 24 April 2020):
DN Legal, 29 April 2020


Robert Grant, 1833, alt, in Christian
Psalmody, by Edward Henry
Music: Lyons, attributed to Johann Michael Haydn (1737-1806); arranged by William Gardner (1770-1858) in Sacred Melodies, 1815 . Alternate tune:
the King, all glorious above,
O gratefully sing His power and His love;
Our Shield and Defender, the Ancient of Days,
Pavilioned in splendor, and girded with praise.
O tell of
His might, O sing of His grace,
Whose robe is the light, whose canopy space,
His chariots of wrath the deep thunderclouds form,
And dark is His path on the wings of the storm.
with its store of wonders untold,
Almighty, Thy power hath founded of old;
Established it fast by a changeless decree,
And round it hath cast, like a mantle, the sea.
bountiful care, what tongue can recite?
It breathes in the air, it shines in the light;
It streams from the hills, it descends to the plain,
And sweetly distills in the dew and the rain.
children of dust, and feeble as frail,
In Thee do we trust, nor find Thee to fail;
Thy mercies how tender, how firm to the end,
Our Maker, Defender, Redeemer, and Friend.
measureless might! Ineffable love!
While angels delight to worship Thee above,
The humbler creation, though feeble their lays,
With true adoration shall all sing Thy praise.
Click to go back to Hymn List


A couple of weeks ago, I had the pleasure to meet US-based Filipino author Gina Apostol, whose work I first encountered in the anthology “Manila Noir,” so I quickly agreed to interview her when I received the invitation some months back.
I read her two books, “The Gun Dealers’ Daughter” and “The Revolution According to Raymundo Mata,” which proved to be quite an interesting experience. I enjoy non-linear narratives (because they mess with your mind, haha constantly make you think), and while these were not easy reads (the vocabulary is intimidating!), these two books showcase some darn fine storytelling, not to mention a historiographic wonderland for both postcolonials and postmodernists.
I read “The Gun Dealers’ Daughter” first and was surprised to find it was a coming of age novel. Soledad “Sol” Soliman is a young woman trying to come to terms with a traumatic past, struggling to emerge from her dreamy haze to piece together her memories and discover what her psyche is blocking out. And while there are entirely too many novels set in Martial Law Philippines, I enjoyed the deeply personal way the novel tackles this period in history, making it Sol’s own story and telling it in a different way.
“The Revolution According to Raymundo Mata” is a metafictional delight set in my favorite period of Philippine history, the Philippine Revolution. Raymundo Mata is a fictionalized historical character, whose journals are being translated and annotated by scholars. As Raymundo tells his story, another story is being told in the footnotes, as the translator Mimi C. Magsalin and two rival scholars Diwata Drake and Estrella Espejo begin to create meaning out of the text (and then some!). I loved the way Raymundo Mata was neatly slotted into history (as a childhood friend of Aguinaldo and a patient of Rizal), but I enjoyed the comedy happening in the footnotes even more: the petty catfight brewing between Diwata and Estrella, and the ongoing commentary on the text, reflecting the way history is never fully objective. As they get deeper into the text, more questions arise, leaving the reader to form their own opinions on this historical mystery.


The first book published by Small Change Publishing, Peacemaking: A Community Workbook, is a little book written for groups of people who want to live lives of peace in a violent world, people who would like to understand and respond to the things that undermine peace in the places where they live. Written primarily to those who benefit from privilege, the book tries to help people grapple with the underlying problems that contribute to the systems of anti-peace: denial of complicity, the hiddenness of systemic violence, and the coercive silencing of victims.
This is a workbook and tries to create space and opportunity for people to not just read and take in new (or old) ideas and information, but it tries to provoke, as well as provide structure and resources to respond. The book contains short essays as well as discussion questions and there is accompanying digital media available on the web at cedarparkchurch.org/peacemaking.
Early readers have given it some positive reviews:
Over the years I’ve read a lot of excellent books on peacemaking from Anabaptist as well as other traditions. Matt Balcarras’ workbook is a great introduction and addition to this collection. His unique contribution is his emphasis on “hidden violence and the denial of complicity,” which is mentioned in his subtitle. In response to this sensitivity are suggestions for how we can make the necessary effort to preserve “epistemic humility” – a constant willingness to question our perspectives based on empathy for those who are the least privileged. The workbook is a great tool for a small group interested in exploring the possibility that a peacemaking approach is worth the risk.
Walter Thiessen, PhD – Dean of Arts at St. Stephen’s University and author of Glimpses of a Good Life
Matt Balcarras has filled a practical void in community peacemaking and alternative living with this insightful and honest workbook. Fidelity to the best of the past by reimagining and tailoring it for implementation in the present is a tricky under- taking, but Peacemaking: A Community Workbook has managed to enter a living story by drawing meaningfully from the gospel of peace and Anabaptist-Mennonite peace tradition to unmask our own compliancy in violence and injustice and lead us to a better way. I highly recommend this well organized and accessible book to communities who have a strong desire to tap into the rhythms of peace in their personal lives, church communities, and global engagement.
Andrew P. Klager, PhD — Adjunct Professor of Peace and Conflict Studies and Peace Theology at St. Stephen’s University and Research Associate at the Humanitas Anabaptist-Mennonite Centre at Trinity Western University
Check out the preface, introduction, and the first chapter in the attached .pdf, and email us @ email@example.com if you would like to get some copies for yourself.
Click here for a preview of Peacemaking: A Community Workbook


"A library is not a luxury but one of the necessities of life." - Henry Ward Beecher
We couldn't agree more. Come visit your local library. A quiet place to study, relax, work, or simply escape in a good book. It's fun, the old fashioned way.
Hours of Operation
|Tuesday||9 am - 2 pm|
|Wednesday||10 am - 6 pm|
|Friday||9 am - 2 pm|
|Saturday||10 am - 2 pm|
In addition to traditional check out of available books and DVDs, media can be ordered from other libraries in the Illinois Heartland Library System. We offer books in large print and audio format. If you need access to the internet, the library offers use of their patron computer. Free Wi-Fi is now available! We offer e-books, e-audio, e-magazines, and streaming. As us how!
The Ridge Farm library holds a distinct place in history. Ridge Farm was home the to smallest town in the United States with a Carnegie library in operation in 1910. A Carnegie library is a library built with money donated by Scottish-American businessman and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie. 1,689 Carnegie libraries were built between 1883 and 1929,The initial grant from the Andrew Carnegie Foundation was awarded to the city of Ridge Farm on April 28, 1909 in the amount of $9,000. The Ridge Farm Carnegie Library was completed in 1910.
Jay Tate, President
Nicole Lee, Vice President
Janell Stark, Secretary
Kevin Latoz, Treasurer
Judie Carlton, Board Member
Library Board meets the 2nd Tuesday of each month at 6 pm at the library.
Library Donations can be made by mail to:
Elwood Library District
104 N. State St. PO Box 349
Ridge Farm, IL 61870
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take to get a library card?
Our librarian will be able to supply you with a new library card the same day you apply.
Is there a way to view the library catalog?
Yes. Just visit ewtp.illshareit.com


The Great Fairy's Sword
Guard of the Sword
In this book I record what history I have gathered about this curious blade.
Firstly, this building was constructed around the stone that holds the sword. The Dwemer of the area decorated the stone with carvings, and many tried to break the stone to free the sword. The current size of the stone was as far as the workers could carve. Many attempts were made to pull the sword, but all ended in chapped hands and poisoning by the blade and pommel. Scholars have tried to isolate the poisoning agent, but again, all attempts have failed. The blade is imbued with a sort of magic with which we are not familiar. The blade has been found to greatly affect the undead, often explosively, or so I am told. I am told that my duty is to protect the sword. This confuses me, as the blade is deadly and the stone cannot be moved. I asked this to my superiors, and they laughed, answering that if a war breaks out over the blade, the possibility remains that the enemy could cut the block of stone and take the sword that way. The sword, they say, can still be used as a weapon, albeit a very heavy one loaded by a machine of some kind.
I have researched the history of the blade itself, and have found little but speculation. Scholars believe that the blade was forged by an ancient kingdom, and that it was imbued with its power to protect the kingdom from certain doom. Little record of this kingdom exists, but in the scarce records, references to five Great Fairies are made, particularly one of a Stone Tower, who supposedly created the sword at first. Scholars suggest that the five Great Fairies offered their powers to improve the sword further than its original state. The three triangles engraved in the center of the flower on the blade were apparently added as tribute to goddesses previously rejected by the kingdom. In all other records of the triangles they are oriented differently. The triangles on the Sword of the Great Fairies are upside down. Some scholars suggest that the kingdom was previously rescued by a hero blessed by the goddesses, and they prayed for the return of the hero. Their ignorance of the goddesses may be the cause of the upside down triangles, or perhaps the engraver, fairy or not, despised the goddesses. The truth is impossible to know.
Whether it was ignorance or rejection of the goddesses that led to the downfall of this kingdom, I can only hope that us Dwemer do not follow the same path.
This book can be found in three forms: a version written in Dwemeri, found with the Great Fairy's Sword in the Silent Ruin of Blackreach; a version partially translated by an elf named Norilar, found in Understone Keep; and this fully translated version found in The Ruptured Towers - Misery, or translated by hand at an Ancient Enchanter.
The book explains the the context of the presence of the Great Fairy's Sword in Blackreach, and the connection the sword had with Dwemer of the area. The book also alludes to legends about the sword and its origins, as well as speculation as to the significance of its design.
The text of the untranslated version is identical to the translated version, but using a different font to represent the Dwemer language.
|Dwarven Book||Ancient Knowledge|
|Dwarven Book||Triforce of Knowledge|
The Dwarven Book in question must be the untranslated version of this book found in Blackreach.
Background and Inspiration Edit
The fully translated Great Fairy's Book was added after its Dwemeri and partially translated counterparts, to allow the player to see the full text. The book was included to provide lore for the Great Fairy's Sword and to establish parallels between it and the Master Sword. The Great Fairy's Sword is therefore implied to be Termina's version of the Master Sword.
The name Malron Igocroma is a corrupted anagram of "Malon," "Ingo," and "Romani."


- This event has passed.
Program on “IEEE Xplore Digital Library”
January 12 @ 10:30 AM – 4:30 PM
The Department of Computer Science and Engineering organized a one-day workshop on “IEEE Xplore-Digital Library” on the 12th of January 2023. The programme was organized on the occasion of National Youth Day celebrating the birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda in association with Library committee and VTU Consortium. The programme was organized for the students of the pre-final year of the Department in the third floor seminar hall. The resource person of the event was Mr. M S Srinivas, EBSCO Training manager, Bengaluru. The Honorable Secretary of Kodava Education Society, Sri C P Rakesh Poovaiah was the Guest of Honour. Students of 5th semester Ms. Disha welcomed the gathering, Ms. Thasmiya Naghma introduced the resource person , Ms. Thangamma delivered vote of thanks, Ms. Chondamma was the Master of Ceremony. Prof. Daina K K, the Head of the Department was also present in the programme.
As it was the special occasion of National Youth Day, the programme began by offering a floral tribute to Swami Vivekananda. Ms. Vivina and Ms. Prarthana M R threw light on the importance of National Youth Day and spoke in length about the principles followed by Swami Vivekananda.
Morning Session 11:00 AM to 1:00 PM
The resource person started the session by stating that IEEE Xplore is a digital library which provides global access to millions of research papers. He explained about the different features of IEEE Xplore. The resource person also mentioned that the digital library provides access to code of the implementation carried out in the papers. This will be extremely useful for the students for implementing the base paper as projects in their final year. There will be a separate section focusing on the different equations that is used in the paper. The resource person also informed that the reference section of the paper is very important as it reflects how many people have referred to the work of a particular author.
Afternoon Session 2:00PM-4:00PM
In the afternoon session hands on session about how to use the different features of IEEE Xplore was conducted. The students were taught how to download papers from IEEE Xplore. The resource person also informed the students that our institute has free access to many papers as it has association with VTU Consortium. All the students were able to create an account in IEEE Xplore. The resource person also educated students about the types of papers to refer to implement their projects. At the end the resource person conducted a quiz on the aspects of IEEE Digital Xplore discussed with the students in the workshop. Mr. Darshan B R, Mr. Preetham and Mr. Srujan emerged as the first, second and third winners respectively.
Prof. Daina K K, Head of the Department presented a memento to the resource person during the valedictory programme.
Dignitaries on the dais during the Inaugural Programme, Group photo of the students with resource person