The story of the Mormons, however, is very different. The fifth company, Company E, leaves Council Bluffs for Fort Leavenworth. The harshness of the winter weather, however, enabled the Saints to cross the Mississippi River on the frozen ice. Though recognizing the irony of the situation and the trials that could result from sending the men, Brigham Young agreed, since the soldier’s pay would help the impoverished pioneers. In August of 1852, the Church publicly announced, for the first time, the practice of Mormon polygamy, or plural marriage as the Mormons called it. Brigham Young prophesied that they would not see battle, but would eventually rejoin their families safely in Utah. Eventually, to allow more settlers to come, the Church started having some pioneers use handcarts instead of wagons to cross the plains to Utah. A second sick detachment leaves Santa Fe in mid-October, and the last leaves the main body of soldiers in mid-November. Brigham Young enters the Salt Lake Valley. Acts as the second lesson on the Mormons - how successful were they in setting up in Utah? In June 1845 the leader of the Mormons, Joseph Smith, was murdered. The trek of the Mormon pioneers is one of the most inspiring and heartbreaking episodes in U.S and Mormon history. It was fitting, then, that in order to realize the dream, the Mormons endured a 1,300-mile journey of Biblical proportions. Missionary work continued and, by the late 1840s and 1850s, there were more Mormons in Europe, with over 17,000 in England alone, than in America. 1 photomechanical print : halftone. The first four companies depart Council Bluffs on July 20, 1846. It is completed on July 4, 1847. Captain James Allen and an escort of soldiers arrive at Mount Pisgah, Iowa, to begin enlisting a Mormon Battalion. The members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints had been persecuted for their beliefs ever since Joseph Smith… The Mormon Migration LDS Secessionism: From Missouri to Utah. On board are 239 Mormon colonists under the leadership of Samuel Brannan. Other groups followed behind. Mormon Developments On July 24, 1847, after 111 days of travel, Brigham Young's advance party reaches a barren desert spot near the Great Salt Lake. Mormon Migration Database, 1840-1932. Company B is assigned garrison duty in San Diego. The Saints were driven out of Illinois during the winter. The Holmes–Thompson company, comprising mostly Mormon Battalion veterans, leaves for the Salt Lake Valley from central California and blazes the Mormon-Carson Pass Emigrant Trail over the Sierra Nevada. The 1848 Mormon Westward Migration Jeff Davis Smedley Brigham Young University Follow this and additional works at:https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of theReligion Commons This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. Thousands of others had camped in Iowa, some were on their way to California, and about 1500 were in St. Louis. Brigham Young and the Twelve instruct Jesse C. Little to travel to Washington D.C. to seek assistance from the federal government to fund the move west. The Mormon Battalion reaches the Pima villages on the Gila River. The following winter, the headquarters of the Church was in Winter Quarters, Nebraska, and nearly 4000 Saints had gathered there. Born on December 23, 1805 to Joseph Smith, Sr. and Lucy Mack Smith. James Allen dies from illness at Fort Leavenworth on August 23. Key Facts & Information BACKGROUND. They were bound for Yerba Buena (now San Francisco), in California, from where they would make the trek to Utah. Others arrive over the next three days. A border dispute in Oregon Territory proves to be a major issue in the American presidential race. William Becknell opens a trade route between the Missouri River and the Mexican provincial capital of Santa Fe. After a … In April of 1847, Brigham Young and his advance party left Winter Quarters. Between 1846 and 1869, about 70,000 Mormons traveled … The Mormon Church distributes free copies of the King James Version of the Bible and the Book of Mormon. That prophesy came true, but only after the men, and a few women who refused to go on without their husbands, endured the longest infantry march in U.S. history . Many died of exposure before rescue efforts organized by Brigham Young saved them in November of 1856. The PEF helped tens of thousands move to Utah. For your free copy of the Bible, go to Free Holy Bible and for a free Book of Mormon, go to Free Book of Mormon, Designed by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress. Some impoverished Saints stayed on in Nauvoo, to be driven out later. Lieutenant Colonel Philip St. George Cooke assumes command of the battalion, and they leave Santa Fe on October 19, 1846. It counseled them to establish groups with captains and to build way stations along the route. The Mormon Battalion arrives at Fort Leavenworth and spends two weeks drilling and resupplying. Pat Bagley The Salt Lake Tribune. While in the Mormons resided in Council Bluffs, the United States Army approached Brigham Young. From 1846 to 1848 some twelve thousand Mormons clustered in rough camps across present-day Iowa and Nebraska, before organizing to emigrate further west into what was then Mexico. Nevertheless, the Mormons continued to establish towns throughout Utah, Arizona, Nevada, Wyoming, Colorado, and Idaho. Samuel Brannan and Mormon colonists aboard the ship Brooklyn arrive in Yerba Buena (later renamed San Francisco). Texas declares independence from Mexico. Battalion members encounter wild bulls, resulting in “the battle of the bulls.” This is the only time the battalion members are ordered to use their weapons in self-defense. The Church’s movement to the valley of the Great Salt Lake is the largest organized migration movement in American history spanning from 1846 until 1925. Pages. | Mormon wagon trains migrating to Utah from Nauvoo, Illinois. GCSE American West New 2016 Specification Grades 9-1 Can be used for AQA, Edexcel, OCR or iGCSE exam boards. The next few years passed similarly, as more and more Mormon pioneers crossed the Great Plains and came to Utah. Brigham Young leads several wagons out of Nauvoo into Iowa Territory, marking the beginning of a mass migration west. It took 131 days just to cross the 300 miles across Iowa (a year later, it took only 111 days to make it the rest of the way to Salt Lake). Index of pioneer immigrants with image links to journals, autobiographies, letters, and other narratives. That is when organized companies traveled to Utah by wagon or handcart. . The Saints were more scattered and disorganized than they ever had been. Upon discharge, they travel back to Winter Quarters. At least 34 women and 44 children travel with the battalion. The Mormon Migration 1846-47. The immigrants were from the British, Scandinavian, Swedish, and Netherlands Missions. That December, in Council Bluffs, Iowa, the members of the Church sustained and accepted Brigham Young as the second President of the Church, and a prophet, seer, and revelator to the world. Mississippi Company under John Brown realizes that they are ahead of Brigham Young on the trail. Daily Missouri Republican – February 19, 1846 We have information, that from one thousand to fifteen hundred Mormons are encamped at Montrose, Iowa, preparatory to their march westward. That money was then given to other immigrants. After leaving, they aimed to establish a new home for the church in the Great Basin and crossed Iowa. At the time of the planning of the exodus in 1846, the territory was owned by the Republic of Mexico, which soon after went to war with the United States … Four days later, the siege on the Alamo ends and San Antonio falls to Mexican forces. Later, a monument was erected to this event on Temple Square in Salt Lake City, and the seagull became the state bird. The Mormon pioneers were members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), also known as Latter-day Saints, who migrated across the United States from the Midwest to the Salt Lake Valley in what is today the U.S. state of Utah. Members of the battalion who did not find their families in Utah travel further east, arriving at Winter Quarters in December 1847. The Mormons, U.S. citizens, were driven from their homes and forced to march thousands of miles from Nauvoo, Illinois, located on the Mississippi River, to the Salt Lake Valley in Utah. Timeline. The Mormons named a town, Fillmore, after him. Once they could start making money, they paid back what they had taken. Mormon Miners Begin the California Gold Rush The Mormon Battalion, a group of about 500 volunteers, enlisted in the U.S. Army to fight in the Mexican war in the summer of 1846. James Allen assumes command as a lieutenant colonel. The Mormon Battalion arrives at Fort Leavenworth and spends two weeks drilling and resupplying. See also Mormon Trail and Handcart Pioneers. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent the position of the Church. The Mormon Battalion leaves the Rio Grande and begins blazing a new wagon road to California. The migration would by no means been possible without the aid of their leaders. On June 14, the Mormons arrived in Council Bluffs, Iowa, which they named Kanesville. The next spring, Brigham Young and other companies returned to Utah. Brigham Young became the new leader of the Mormons. The battalion reaches Tucson and nearly engages in battle with a Mexican garrison. The Mormon migration of 1846 was to escape persecution and to freely express their religious beliefs. Later, they established Winter Quarters across the river in Nebraska. Words: 1681 - Pages: 7 … Delays from this and the effects of an early winter forced them to hole up in Martin’s Cove in western Wyoming. The journey lasted six months. The ship Brooklyn sets sail from New York bound for California. It also commanded them to sing songs and dance when they were happy and to pray when they were sad. Lieutenant Andrew Jackson Smith assumes command of the Mormon Battalion on August 30, 1846. Although Young hoped to begin the migration in spring 1846, local hostility forced the Mormons' hand. This issue became the focus for all attacks on and persecution of Mormonism for the next forty years. U.S. Congress approves annexing Texas to the United States. This website is not owned by or affiliated with The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (sometimes called the Mormon or LDS Church). After much prayer and fasting, flocks of seagulls arrived and ate all the crickets, disgorging them and then returning to eat more. Lieutenant Smith and a contingent of the Mormon Battalion arrive at Santa Fe. The groups winter together in Fort Pueblo. During 1846 to 1869, the Mormons were in deep conflict with the Gentiles and the general public. Samuel Brannan and Mormon colonists aboard the ship Brooklyn arrive in Yerba Buena (later renamed San Francisco). After the transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869, Latter-day Saint emigrants who traveled to Utah generally came by train. Since the wood was not properly cured, the wheels broke frequently. 1 August 1846. 1846. Texas wins its final battle for independence on April 21, 1836. On that day, Brigham Young, confined to a wagon because of illness, sat up in his bed, looked at the Salt Lake Valley, and said, “This is the right place, drive on.”. Description. Crisis gripped the new colonists as swarms of crickets, later named Mormon crickets, attacked their crops in June 1848. Colonel John C. Frémont and General Andres Pico sign the Treaty of Cahuenga, ending military conflict in California. After a few days’ rest, they march to Mission San Luis Rey. When the Mormons left they created entire new settlements and cities in the deserts of Utah. The Mormons were a religious group who practised a type of Christianity. Mormons & the Donner Party - 1846. The Mormon Battalion arrives in San Diego. Mormon History. Jesse C. Little writes a letter to President James K. Polk seeking assistance from the federal government for the move west. When the Donner party enters Utah, the wheels begin to come off. They arrive in the Salt Lake Valley five days after Brigham Young’s vanguard company. Six Mormon Battalion veterans are present for the discovery. Mormon Migration An 1846 map by Augustus Mitchell “of Texas, Oregon and California, with regions adjoining.” Augustus Mitchell’s map was the latest and most accurate map available to … Brigham Young surmised that the distance was walkable, and that those who could not afford wagons and teams could then make the trek. Mormonism Research Paper. They arrive in September and October 1848. Mormonism was born. Although Young hoped to begin the migration in spring 1846, local hostility forced the Mormons' hand.The first wave of about 3,000 people began to leave Nauvoo in early February, and their suffering was intense. Free Mormon Migration Essays and Papers. The Mormon pioneers were members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, also known as Latter-day Saints, who migrated in the mid-1840s across the United States from the Midwest to the Salt Lake Valley in what is today the U.S. state of Utah. John Sutter’s partner, James Marshall, discovers gold at Coloma on the American River. General Stephen W. Kearny captures Santa Fe for the United States. In 1846, the year of the Mormon exodus from Illinois, Burlington was the only city of any size above Nauvoo. By the end of the year, all Mormons who chose to follow the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles had left Illinois and were established in Winter Quarters, or the other temporary settlements. Brigham Young and others chose and dedicated the land for the Salt Lake Temple and returned to Winter Quarters. Lieutenant Smith orders a sick detachment to Bent’s Fort. The men and women of this company immediately planted crops, so they could have fresh wheat before the winter. The Great Mormon Migration They were a people who felt called by God, chosen to create a New Jerusalem. 6/1/2008 The Mormon pioneer company that entered the Salt Lake Valley in 1847 wasn't the first party of dusty, wagon-bound immigrants to stumble out of Emigration Canyon. The Mormon Church started a newspaper, The Deseret News, and established churches, schools, and a government. This group blazed the Mormon Trail to Utah. A few of them, under the leadership of Henry G. Boyle, travel the Spanish Trail east and then turn north, creating a wagon road between Salt Lake City and Los Angeles. Click to see full answer. They were literally driven out of their own country, since Utah was then still part of Mexico. Most of the Mormon Battalion are officially enlisted into the U.S. Army. This program gave money to immigrating Mormons and helped them to get established in the West. Ironically, while the government refused to defend or help the driven Mormons, they now requested 500 men to form a battalion for fighting in the U.S.-Mexican War. The five hundred men of the Mormon Battalion left quickly. The reenlisted “Mormon Volunteers” are discharged. For many, the journey did not end there, as the Mormon Church continued to settle all the surrounding region, from Chi… Via History.com Their leader assassinated and their homes under attack, the Mormons of Nauvoo, Illinois, begin a long westward migration that eventually brings them to the valley of the Great Salt Lake in Utah. Saints: The Story of the Church of Jesus Christ in the Latter Days, Four Things to Know about the Journey of the Mormon Battalion, What to Expect When You Visit the Mormon Battalion Center at San Diego, Mormon Trails: Pioneer Pathways to Zion, 1846–1890. James Allen dies from illness at Fort Leavenworth on August 23. They winter at Fort Pueblo in present-day Colorado. A brief history of William Clayton's beautiful hymn, Come, Come Ye Saints. Conway B. Sonne, Saints on the Seas: A Maritime History of Mormon Migration 1830–1890 (1983), 103. a. Richard E. Bennett, author of Mormons at the Missouri: “And Should We Die,” 1846–1852, and We’ll Find the Place: The Mormon Exodus, 1846–1848. Home; Migration Map; The Secession. Mormon Battalion members who have not reenlisted travel north on the El Camino Real or along the Sierra Nevada foothills to northern California. Companies of men, women, and children who had sailed on the ship Brooklyn join Mormon Battalion veterans on their journey east from California to the Salt Lake Valley using the newly opened Carson route. Saints who were unprepared became a burden on those who embarked with a supply of food, and starvation threatened. In early 1847, Brigham Young received a revelation on how to organize for the journey west. Intent on a court-martial of Colonel John C. Frémont for insubordination, General Kearny leaves Monterey with a company of 64 soldiers, including Colonel Cooke and 15 members of the battalion. Leaders of the Church Thousands of Mormons continued to immigrate with handcarts and wagons until the transcontinental railroad was finished in 1869. The Atonement of Christ Redeems Us from the Fall. They arrived just before winter. The winter was harsh in Winter Quarters and many were ill and near starving. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses and Dissertations by an The Mormon pioneers recognized this as a miracle. Battalion veterans leave Sutter’s Fort for the Salt Lake Valley. Mormon Migration To Utah. For many, the journey did not end there, as the Mormon Church continued to settle all the surrounding region, from Chihuahua, Mexico to Alberta, Canada. However, they were targeted by other Christians who disagreed with Mormon practices such as polygamy. -- Some dount is thrown over their destination and many believe that they will not go to Oregon or California, but stop after proceeding six or eight hundred miles into the Indian country. The soldiers’ pay, Little knew, could help fund the Saints’ migration. This, for a time, was the territorial capitol, until Salt Lake’s growth and centrality to the population made it the natural choice. The Book of Mormon was translated into every major European language, as well as Hawaiian, as the Mormon Church grew quickly in Hawaii, too. Four days later, about 80 battalion soldiers known as the “Mormon Volunteers” reenlist in the army. Towns were established all throughout Utah. The Mormon Battalion was the only military unit in U.S. history organized on a strictly religious basis. Mormon Migration M ost American pioneers migrated westward voluntarily. For the official Church websites, please visit churchofjesuschrist.org or comeuntochrist.org. The offer sounded suspicious to many Saints, who had recently been forced from their homes without any government protection. Mississippi Saints and battalion soldiers leave Fort Pueblo to continue west. The 15 Mormon Battalion soldiers with General Kearny arrive at Fort Leavenworth. They went because religious persecution* forced them to flee their homes. In September of 1850, President Millard Fillmore named Brigham Young as territorial governor. The Mormons, U.S. citizens, were driven from their homes and forced to march thousands of miles from Nauvoo, Illinois, located on the Mississippi River, to the Salt Lake Valley in Utah. People also ask, when was the great Mormon migration? Joseph Smith, Jr. was a religion man who founded the Mormon Church. All other companies march to Los Angeles, except about three dozen ill soldiers who remain at Mission San Luis Rey. The first scouts arrived in the Salt Lake Valley on July 21, 1847, but the main party arrived on July 24, 1847, which is still celebrated as Pioneer Day in Utah. They continue to Fort Pueblo. Jefferson Hunt assumes command in Los Angeles until the battalion’s discharge. A Mormon Bride in the Great Migration “Among the nearly 10,000 people who came to Utah in 1852, thereby carving for themselves a singular niche in the history of the American West was my great-great grandmother Olive Harriet Otto Terry. The United States declares war on Mexico. 4 In June 1846, army officials approached Latter-day Saints in Iowa Territory, looking to recruit 500 soldiers for one year of duty. For more than twenty years during the mid-nineteenth century, between 1846 and 1868, thousands of Mormons traversed southern Nebraska, going east and west, utilizing a network of trails aggregating well over 1,800 miles, considerably more than the famous 1,300-mile-long Mormon Trail from Nauvoo, Illinois, to the Valley of the Great Salt Lake. The views expressed by individual users are the responsibility of those users and do not necessarily represent the position of the Church. q2) write a narrative account of the mormon migration in 1846(8 marks) q3) exoduster movement and the effect of the extermination of the buffalo on the native americans (16 marks) elizabeth-q1) describe two features of elizabethan theatre(4 marks) q2) explain why raleigh's first colony to virginia failed(12 marks) Colonel Cooke orders Mormon soldiers to construct Fort Moore in Los Angeles. The Mormon pioneer run began in 1846, when Young and his followers were driven from Nauvoo. The period of overland emigration of the Mormon pioneers is generally defined as 1847 through 1868. The Mormon Battalion is discharged from U.S. military service at Fort Moore in Los Angeles by Lieutenant Andrew Jackson Smith, former commander of the battalion. The trek of the Mormon pioneers is one of the most inspiring and heartbreaking episodes in U.S and Mormon history. In 1851, the Church established the University of Deseret, which is now called the University of Utah. Revision/summary sheet covering the Mormon religion, Joseph Smith, Brigham Young, hostility in the East, the migration West to Salt Lake City, survival in the Salt Lake Valley and the importance of Young's Planning and preparation Looks at key points, impact and examples. The mass of Mormons made the journey to the Missouri River, and by the fall of 1846, the Winter Quarters were home to 12,000 Mormons. Others push ahead. Along the way, the only trouble they had was with a disrespectful captain assigned to watch them, sickness, which caused some to leave and go to Pueblo, Colorado, and a skirmish with some bison. Whole lesson on Mormon migration. Three Mormon scouts of the Holmes–Thompson company are murdered by Indians while traveling east through the Sierras at a site later named Tragedy Spring. Read More. Some return to the Sacramento Valley and find work. As the first Mormon pioneers left Nauvoo in February of 1846, another group of Mormons left New York City on board a ship called the Brooklyn, under the leadership of Samuel Brannan. President James K. Polk authorizes 500 Mormons to be enlisted to help the United States in its war with Mexico. This section covers this major migration. James K. Polk wins the election by appealing to those who want more land. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends the Mexican-American War. Only the genius of Brigham Young, called “the modern Moses,” and other able leaders, kept church government and programs going to manage and organize the Saints. See the fact file below for more information on the Mormon Trail or alternatively, you can download our 20-page The Mormon Trail worksheet pack to utilise within the classroom or home environment.


February 1944. Sheltered in the Saint-Benoit-on-Loire abbey, the poet Max Jacob lives a quasi-monastic life. One day, the Gestapo penetrates the covent and arrests him. A few days later, he is sent to the Drancy internment camp. Thousands of prisoners wait for their deportation towards Germany there. Longtime friend of Pablo Picasso and old member of the Bateau-Lavoir, Max Jacob is tied to the great Parisian figures of the era : Jean Cocteau, Jean Marais, Sacha Guitry… But none of these artists take action. A young woman, Alice, that the poete had taken under hi swing as a child, while attempt the impossible to save him… A poignant fiction, with Jean-Claude Brialy in his last great role.


Creating a bookmark in Word means that any location or content in a document can be saved with its corresponding name, and the same location or content can be navigated by a bookmarked name at any time in the future.
Create a Bookmark
To create a bookmark in your Word document, do the following:
On the Insert tab, in the Links group, click on the Bookmark.
After clicking the hyperlink, a dialogue box will open.
Now type the bookmark name.
Note: Don’t give any space between the words of the bookmark name; if you want to separate the words of the bookmark name, enter the underscore.
Then click on Add to add a bookmark to the document
You can bookmark the location or text as many as you want.
If you want to go to the specific location of the bookmark, double-click the name you want, then click on “Go To”.
You can shorten the list of bookmark names by selecting the Name or Location under the sort.
If you would like to delete the bookmark names, select the name that you want to Delete and then click OK.
If you would like to sort the name list by its name or location bookmark after inserting it into your document, select one of the options you want.
What is Bookmark in MS Word?
Creating a bookmark is a feature used to jump anywhere within the document.
What is bookmark use in ms word?
A bookmark helps us to easily navigate to the content we need in any document. For example, when you are on page one of a document, if you want to easily jump to the 2nd paragraph called Digital Marketing on page 12, then bookmark Digital Marketing in the 2nd paragraph on page 12 with the same name or a related name.
Can I create multiple bookmarks in a single Word document?
Yes, you can create multiple bookmarks at different locations within the same Word document.
How can I delete a bookmark in Word?
To delete a bookmark, go to the “Insert” tab, click “Bookmark,” select the bookmark you want to delete, and click “Delete.”
Can I use bookmarks to link to web pages or external documents?
While Word bookmarks are primarily for navigating within the document, you can create hyperlinks that link to web pages or external documents using the bookmarked text.


All about the
Yellowstone Wolf Genealogy Project
The purpose of the Yellowstone Wolf Genealogy is to provide the people of the world with interactive access to the story of the wolves introduced into the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. The goal of Yellowstone Wolf Genealogy is
1) to put online the lives, pedigrees and genealogy of Yellowstone wolves for access by all fans!
2) to provide an interactive, publicly accessible record of the wolves of the Yellowstone Wolf Reintroduction where fans can create their own posters and book albums.
3) To provide provide photographs and biographies for many individual wolves.
For the first time ever, Yellowstone Wolf Genealogy will allow enthusiasts to -
- access interactive pedigrees of the Yellowstone Wolf Reintroduction
- access the heritage and genealogy of individual wolves and their packs
- explore the bloodline of your favorite wolf including its origin and descendants
- produce their own posters and books showing wolf and pack heritage
- see images of many wolves
- read stories of individual wolves
The genealogy tree is for everyone enthralled with wolf restoration and wishing to know more about Yellowstone’s wolves. It will be your access to detailed information and histories. Your access to the future of wolf restoration on a continuing basis.
Never available before, this first of a kind, online visualization of wolves in the wild and their pack genealogies provides an unprecedented picture of wolf inter-relationships, their lives and their pedigrees.
|Return to Top of Page, click here|
Yellowstone Wolf Genealogy is composed of two web sites. An introductory web site known as Yellowstone Wolf Genealogy Online at WolfGenes.info. AT WolfGenes.info there is information on the project and updated information about the wolves. This web site provides a portal to access the second web site on Ancestry.com.
Access to the entire wolf genealogy is through Ancestry.com but Ancestry requires an invitation which is S through WolfGenes.info.
Online access will allow prompt updating as future information becomes available.
Yellowstone Wolf Genealogy is maintained by Jim Halfpenny and Leo Leckie with the help of volunteer editors and advisers who donate time to the project (see About tab).
This dynamic online project begins with the reintroduction of wolves to the Yellowstone Ecosystem in 1995 and 1996. Included are Canada and Montana parent packs with all known offspring. Photographs and biographies for many individual wolves are included.
Documentation of Yellowstone wolves for the public began in 1996 with the book, Discovering Yellowstone Wolves: Watcher's Guide (J. Halfpenny and D. Thompson). This book showed individual wolves and their packs including the history of individual wolves. Details about the first year of wolf life in Yellowstone along with maps is included. Also presented is information on philosophy of naming wolves, viewing opportunities and viewing etiquette. There are a sections on identifying wolves, wolf biology and ecology, and the history of wolf restoration.
Concurrent with Discovering Yellowstone Wolves was the beginning of the publication of the wolf chart by Jim Halfpenny and Diann Thompson. As the number of wolves increased and many federal, state, and tribal entities became involved the complexity of the charts became unwieldy. Thus chart production is now limited to one chart each year.
The annual chart is produced at the end of the biological year for the wolves, that is when the most wolves have died and new pups are not available for counting. This is the only biologically repeatable point in the annual life cycle of the wolves. The charts represent a MOMENT-IN-TIME look at wolves. Additional information is provided by the Fish and Wildlife Service in their annual federal report (https://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/es/wolf-2016.php) and state reports produced at the end of the year.
As interest grew, wolf enthusiasts wanted previous charts and more information about the wolves. Thus in 2012 Charting Yellowstone Wolves (Halfpenny) was published to consolidate chart information into one location. Charting Yellowstone Wolves contains the first 46 charts (in the early years there were multiple charts produced per year). Included is additional information about the Canadian parent wolf packs.
Yellowstone Wolves in the Wild published in 2003 (Halfpenny) contains further information about the fates of the original introduced wolves and maps showing the spreading distribution of wolves within and outside Yellowstone National Park.
The three referenced books may be bought at TrackNature.com.
Yellowstone Wolf Genealogy represents the latest installment providing information for the wolf enthusiastic public.
To learn about the project and additional information about wolves, visit the general page of Yellowstone Wolf Genealogy Online which is available to all interested persons at WolfGenes.info.
Wolf Genealogy Tree:
Ancestry.com requires an invitation to visit the online Wolf Geneology tree. To obtain your invitation visit WolfGenes.info. Click on the Ancestry tab which provides information about available products, how to use ancestry and payment information.
Go to the section labeled Invitation which will allow you to send a request to Yellowstone Wolf Genealogy Online (ChartingYellowstoneWolves@gmail.com).
Everyone is welcome to receive an invitation!
The Ancestry tab also has information about ordering products. Several products are available through Ancestry.com including books and posters of pedigree charts, family trees and descendants of parental wolves. All ordering of products is done through a secondary vendor at Ancestry.com. Yellowstone Wolf Genealogy receives no money from the purchase of these products.
We incur expenses to keep this web site up-to-date and stored on Ancestry.com. These costs will continue into the future. Donations to help defray costs may be made to A Naturalist's World, PO Box 989, Gardiner, MT 59030.
Now that several generation of wolves have been on the ground in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, the genealogy showing family reltionships has grown quit complex. Presented here is a simple family tree of wolf 970F. Using Ancestry it is possible to create posters ad books showing complex family trees and geneologies of multiple packs. Go to Ancestry and explore the information about your favorite wolf.
References mentioned in this text.
Halfpenny, J.C. 2012. Charting Yellowstone Wolves. Gardiner, MT: A Naturalist's World.
Halfpenny, J.C. 2003. Yellowstone Wolves in the Wild. Helena, MT: Riverbend Publishing.
Halfpenny, J. C. and D.D. Thompson. 1996. Discovering Yellowstone Wolves: Watcher's Guide. Gardiner, MT: A Naturalist's World.
Since wolves first placed their feet on the ground in the Yellowstone Ecosystem, there has been massive publicity with many articles, books and peer-reviewed journal manuscripts. The list is far too extensive to list here.
The interested reader should go to the references page on Yellowstone Wolves (https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/wolfrefs.htm) for the most complete and up-to-date list of articles. This page is maintained by the Yellowstone National Park staff.
Student Inquiries and Projects
While we strongly support the role of education in wolf reintroduction, the sheer volume of inquiries and student projects overwhelms our ability to answer individual inquiries.
Therefore we must regretfully ask that those students interested in wolves do not send us emails requesting information or additional help. Those interested in wolves are encouraged to investigate the bibliography mentioned above.
Please go online to locate these and other resources. In particular we recommend the National Park Service webpage called Wolves in Yellowstone (http://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/wolves.htm).
You may reach us by email at
You may call us at (406) 848-1206.


Samson Dadiani belonged to the Manucharis branch of the Dadiani Princes
He was born in Moidanakhe (after other versions in Mukhuri) on December 23, 1886 (in the old style). He graduated from the Georgian High School in Tbilisi. In 1908, he graduated from the University of St. Petersburg at the University of St. Petersburg. He was drawn into a revolutionary activity with a student flight.
Samson Dadiani has been a member of the Georgian Socialist-Federalist Revolutionary Party since 1908. In the observation magazines of St. Petersburg, Okhranka is nicknamed “Narzan”.
In 1909 he was arrested in Tbilissi (Georgia) on political grounds.
He was arrested in 1910 along with several Ukrainian members of the student organization and had to spend a week in Okhranka.
In addition to organizational activities, he published articles in Georgian periodicals “S. Dadia “,” S. Da-ni ”,“ S. D. “,” S. Under the pseudonyms of “D”, “Da-ni” and “Shan-Dian”.
In 1913, his study, Public Thoughts in 19th Century Literary Writing, was published in the journal Education; Censorship removed that number, and the editor and author barely escaped arrest.
His lecture – “Unitary and Federal Republic” was published in the main printed body of the Socialist-Federalists – “People’s Case”; He printed letters in the “Domestic Review”.
Member of the Society for the Promotion of Literacy among Georgians since 1915.
In 1917 he was elected a member of the National Council of Georgia.
At the extraordinary session of the National Council of Georgia on May 26, 1918, he signed the Act on the Restoration of State Independence of Georgia;
During 1918 he was a member of the Parliament of the Democratic Republic of Georgia.
From March 12, 1919, he was elected a member of the Constituent Assembly of the Republic of Georgia from the list of the Georgian Socialist-Federalist Revolutionary Party; Was a member of the Labor and Constitutional Commissions.
He played an important role in the creation of the Constitution and legislation of Georgia. During his stay in the parliament, an incident took place with Benia Chkhikvishvili, who threatened her with a gun.
After the occupation of the Democratic Republic of Georgia by Soviet Russia in 1921, he remained in Georgia and joined the resistance movement.
In April 1921, he spoke at a funeral service for soldiers and officers who had died defending Tbilisi in the courtyard of a military temple in April 1921, after which the Georgian Emergency Situations Commission (чк) arrested him for several days.
From the end of 1921 he was an active participant in the negotiation process between the parties in order to create a common front against the Bolshevik occupation regime.
In order to prevent the planned anti-Soviet demonstrations against the anniversary of the occupation of Georgia on February 10, 1922, Cheka began arresting leaders and active members of anti-Soviet parties for the purpose of isolation; Samson Dadiani was arrested on February 10, at his home in Tbilisi.
On March 15, 1922, the Georgian Cheka sentenced him to 6 months in solitary confinement. He was sitting in Metekhi’s # 2 “correctional house”, from where he was released on August 22, 1922.
After the establishment of the Independence Committee of Georgia, he was a representative of the Georgian Socialist-Federalist Revolutionary Party in Damkom.
He was arrested for the second time in early February 1923 and spent several weeks in Cheka’s internal prison.
In March 1924, together with the deputies of the Constituent Assembly, Osiko Baratashvili and Kirile Ninidze, Samson Dadiani defended the group of clergymen of the Georgian Orthodox Apostolic Church and the Catholicos-Patriarch Ambrose; The Soviet regime accused them of anti-Soviet propaganda and concealment of ecclesiastical exile.
The Socialist-Federalist Party refused to take part in the uprising when the anti-Soviet uprising began in August 1924 in the Independence Committee.
The Supreme Court of the Georgian SSR convicted Samson Dadiani along with 46 other political prisoners on August 1924 on charges of organizing an anti-Soviet uprising;
The court acquitted him of the charges.
In the following years he lived and worked in Tbilisi; Was a member of the Board of Advocates (Lawyers)
During the Great Soviet Terror, Samson Dadiani was arrested on charges of being a member of a counter-revolutionary underground organization of the Socialist-Federalists.
Samson Dadiani was sentenced to be shot on December 10, 1937.
He was shot on the night of December 11.


When I read a review of this book on ‘Goodreads’ I had to have it. I mean seriously, how does one forget a title like ‘Juliet.’ I read a few excerpts at the book store and I was hooked. I’ve loved the story of Romeo and Juliet for quite some time, um, not so much in high school when I was forced to understand iambic pentameter and all the nuances of this brilliant but tragic play. But oh my goodness, throw in the Italian city of Siena, a modern re-telling of the Shakespearean tragedy with beautiful quotes from the play to highlight each chapter, and numerous but thrilling twists and turns, it is amazingly well done. I was of the opinion that one should not dare to take on Shakespeare unless one is awfully certain of one’s ability to maintain an engaging story line. Anne Fortier does so, although the final pages wax and wane here and there and I would have liked the “almost( modern-day) tragedy” to have been a bit more challenging. Here’s the thing that got me though – there is a love that is so unrequited, you can feel it pulse through the pages as you read. Tragic yes, but joyous in its discovery. I have been reading and re-reading certain sections of this book, and each time I do, I long to travel to Siena; imagining a time of medieval glory, when there really lived a Romeo and Juliet, not in Verona and not of the house of Montague or Capulet but of the houses of Tolomei & Marescotti. Interestingly enough we learn more of the third family, the Salimbenis.
I would love to see Palazzo Salimbeni for example, for it really does exist. I gathered from the author’s notes that the bloody and gruesome feuds between the two families were much worse than Shakespeare’s re-telling of the play, but Fortier has really tapped into something beautiful. I also felt saddened by the fact that 14th century women had no free will as was the case for many women in days of old- it is highlighted here because the author has emphasized the point in the story- when they were bartered off from one house to the other just so their fathers, uncles etc. could maintain peace within their households through marriage whether true love existed or not.
I don’t want to give too much away, so here’s a little bit of the story: Julie Jacobs goes to Sienna after a family tragedy leaves her with nothing but a key that may or may not, unlock a family treasure. The author throws in a strong sibling rivalry; Julie has a sister Janice, who is the exact opposite of her, greedy, selfish and out to make fast buck, there is Aunt Rose, whose death leaves Julie devastated and lost and then there is Umberto( part friend/butler) who in many ways is a father figure, and helped aunt Rose raise the girls when their parents died suddenly in Italy. She finds out that she is a descendant of Giulietta Tolomei and in fact has the name Giulietta herself, she learns of the curse on the houses of Tolomei and Salimbeni as in the curse of Romeo and Juliet, which Julie might now have to break if the two families are to ever exist in peace. The author then cleverly weaves in and out of the 14th century, switching from modern-day to A.D. 1340, as our Julie who is now a modern day Giulietta, sets about solving the mystery of the key that opens the box her mother left her; this, in turn unlocks the ancient story of Romeo Marescotti and Giulietta Tolomei. The historical part of the story introduces a devastated Giulietta whose entire family has been murdered by the Salimbenis as she leaves her home in a coffin under guard by Friar Lorenzo( who becomes a close friend) to live with her aunt and uncle Tolomei. Saved by Romeo on their treacherous trek, (although he does not know Giulietta is alive for he sees a dead girl), Friar Lorenzo takes refuge at the house of an artist,- who is instrumental in bringing the two together- Romeo later catches sight of a painting of Giulietta, whilst posing for his own Marescotti portrait and the first seeds of love are sewn. As the love story is revealed, we learn that Romeo asks his father to propose a marriage between Giulietta and himself, although reluctant to get involved in the Salimbeni/Tolomei feud, Marescotii who is well liked and respected by both families decides to approach Tolomei with his offer. Unbeknownst to both Romeo and his father, Salimbeni who is quite old( he is essentially Shakespeare’s Paris) sees Giulietta and wants her for himself( slightly creepy as Giulietta is not quite 16) here tragedy unfolds.. we are then led to present day Julie/Giulietta who much against her will/partly battling an attraction, falls for the dashingly handsome Alessandro Santini who has a mysterious past himself…. This novel is a twisting pathway of historical fact and fiction, I literally did not want to put it down.


James D. Cox, Brainerd Currie Professor of Law. B.S. 1966, Arizona State University; J.D. 1969, University of California, Hastings College of the Law; LL.M. 1971, Harvard University. Professor Cox is a native of Kansas. He entered law teaching as a fellow at Boston University and has since taught at the University of San Francisco, Stanford, and the University of California, Hastings College of the Law, before coming to Duke in 1979. He has focused his writing and teaching in the areas of corporate and securities law, and is the author of a book on the utilization of financial information in the regulation of public corporations, a 2010 multi-volume treatise on corporate law, and casebooks on securities regulations (6th ed. 2009) and business organizations (10th ed. 2011). He spent the spring of 1989 as a senior Fulbright research fellow at the University of Sydney. He was a former member of the New York Stock Exchange Legal Advisory Committee and the NASD Legal Advisory Board, and is currently a member of the ABA Committee on Corporate Laws and the Standing Advisory Group of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. In 2001, Professor Cox was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Mercature from the University of South Denmark.
The Kurds, Sykes-Picot and Quest for Redrawing Borders


by Melesa Santiesteban
Professor Rojo Robles’ work is a prime example of how writing can influence one’s environment. Thanks to his literary efforts as well as other authors, awareness is being brought to historical events such as the recent protests against corruption in Puerto Rico about the Nuyorican movement, and the performativity of the Afro Latinx identities. These writings can give a voice and inspire activism within the Puerto Rican and Latinx communities as well.
In interviewing Professor Robles, I hoped to uncover the influences of the environment on one’s writing and how that writing can intern influence one’s environment. When referring to one’s environment I don’t simply mean one’s community, but also the current political and social events that impact them directly and indirectly. I theorize that just as one’s writing can be influenced by their environment, published writings also play a role in shaping one’s environment. I have aimed my questions to focus on proving this theory.
Do you ever take inspiration from your own life?
It depends on the project, but most times, yes. I have not written an autobiography or a memoir yet but many elements of my life, my family’s history or even anecdotes from friends sneak in. They do it in a disguised or distorted way. For instance, I have a character, Sabatar, that is a veteran. My abuelo is a veteran of the Korean War and I used some things he had mentioned through the years but the character is not a direct representation of him. Sabatar is just slightly inspired by him and his post-traumatic stress disorder after the war. In my most recent book, I wrote a story based to some extent on my experiences teaching in a private school in Brooklyn, but again I used some small needed details to give a sense of truth to the story, but if you read it, it’s not a narration of something that really happened.
How would you say your environment has influenced your writing?
My first novel, The Maladjusted, has many impressions on San Juan and other parts of Puerto Rico and my story collection Escapistas describes Puerto Rico, New York, Los Angeles, and Brooklyn. San Juan is seen in my work as a dark, chaotic but warm and vibrant space that ignites creativity and a lot of interaction and sparks between people. Meanwhile, I portrait New York, Los Angeles, and Brooklyn as a transcultural maze full of adventures but also socio-economic and racial tensions. When younger, I used to write more about abstract, imagined spaces but increasingly I am including more and more of my surroundings and socio-cultural observations.
How have current events in Latinx history influenced your writing?
I’m currently writing a poetry collection inspired by the Nuyorican movement then-and-now. Slowly events such as last summer protests on the island or the humanitarian crisis at the border are finding their way into the texts. The critique on U.S. colonialism, racism and discrimination against Puerto Ricans and Latinx people is stronger than in previous projects. At the same time, I’m celebrating poets, remixing lines and verses from a movement that has thrived against all odds. The poetic and artistic persistence is at the center of my collection.
In terms of my scholarly work, I am also developing a collection of essays on Afro Caribbean and diasporic film that is reflecting on representations of blackness, and the collaboration between African American filmmakers and Caribbean artists. Although this research and perhaps book are in a very early stage, one of my main points is that the relationship between different artistic sectors of the African diaspora has been and continues to be porous and constant, more than most people think.
With the rise in opportunities for Latinos, where do you see the Latino literature movement in regards to the next generation?
If we are talking about the U.S. I am feeling hopeful but the road is long and full of obstacles and white supremacy. The numbers are just slowly increasing from zero percent.
I have observed that many Latinx writers such as Elizabeth Acevedo, Erika L. Sanchez, Torrey Maldonado or Ibi Zoboi, just to name a few, are thriving, finding bigger audiences and publishing houses and winning prizes through the young adult genre. That is very positive. I think that young Latinx, diasporic Caribbeans, and African Americans are feeling more represented and culturally seen and are supporting these writers. Their narratives are very rich (because of the amalgamation of cultures and literary traditions) complex and truthful. Those are elements readers and critics alike are appreciating. Latinx poets have always been at the vanguard of the publishing industry in the U.S. but usually in small or underground presses. That continues to be the case. Latinx Scholars are also finding more ways to publish and present their extremely needed research on Puerto Rico, the Caribbean, Latin America, and its diasporas but the data shows that equality in academia and in U.S cultural fields is very far still.
With Latinx literature being so tied with political and cultural themes, do you view yourself as an activist?
I have always been an independent thinker, artist, and writer but I am not an organizer in the traditional sense nor I belong to a specific organization. Having said that, I have always supported social justice and decolonization and freedom for my country Puerto Rico, for the Caribbean, Latin America and its people. Through the decades, I have participated and supported many marches, rallies, and direct action. Through my pedagogical work and the small platforms that I got, I am always exploring out-of-the-box ways of being political and sustainable and I am more and more invested in the possibilities of using the classroom as a space of liberation.


De Soto was the first European known to cross this mighty river which has an ironic tie to his death. He was an ambitious man in search of a certain mineral and a far passage.
Coronado was a Spaniard who was tricked by Native Americans in his quest for the Seven Cities of Gold. Coronado married a Mexican aristocrat for great gain, but he died in obscurity.
Verrazano whose origins are disputed, explored the Atlantic coast of the U.S. and appropriately named modern-day New York. Verrazano was overshadowed by another famous explorer.
Native Americans killed many men of the Panfilo de Narváez expedition. The few who survived resourcefully reached the Island of Doom and became faith healers.
Drake was a jack-of-all-trades and a pirate. He was an English hero but a Spanish enemy, who claimed a North American mass for Great Britain.
Oñate, one of the richest men in his country, explored what became New Mexico. He was reprimanded for cruel treatment and remembered as the last conquistador.
Frenchmen Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet were the first Europeans to explore up the Mississippi River. Marquette was a holy man.
La Salle was a religious man who found himself adrift and destitute before following his brother to North America. He was given a seigneurie and helped colonize Louisiana, while befriending indigenous people.
De Anza had a major influence on the development of a large swath of the United States He defeated one tribe and made an alliance with another.
Vancouver trailblazed the Pacific Northwest for Britain. He nearly collided with another British explorer.
A U.S. president hired Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to find a key trade route. Their remarkable journey serendipitously advanced science.


Back to the Stars is a song inspired by Chinita L. Anderson. Nita Chawla, aspiring artist, said that Chinita inspired her to write the song for the purpose of giving it to Chinita’s mother. Chinita’s mother assembled a team consisting of herself, Wendell E. Anderson, Sr. Julian Johnson, and Susan Patricia Ben to complete production of the song. The song is set to be released during 2020 and will be available on www.nattyrecords.com as well as the other music platforms, Spotify, Amazon, etc. The Back to the Stars logo was designed by Andrea Ploehs, of aplovesdesign, for a t-shirt worn to commemorate Chinita’s ash scattering ceremony in Hawaii 2018.
Chinita Lenise Anderson an aspiring playwright passed away on May 13, 2018. It was during her youth that her mother exposed her and her brother to numerous educational and fun activities such as visiting the zoo, summer camp, and public library. A couple of Saturdays a month Chinita, her brother, and mother would walk to the main public library branch to watch a favorite movie, “The Red Balloon.” This classic silent movie about a boy and his bright red balloon in Paris began her fascination with the world outside of Ohio and beyond the USA. By the sixth grade, Chinita had turned her pop fascination into a dream of global exploration and adventure. Infatuated by Musical Youth, the kids best known for the hit song “Pass the Dutchie,” Chinita dreamed of visiting the United Kingdom, the home country of her favorite group. As Chinita would later write in a personal essay,
“I have big dreams in the sixth grade. I want to attend a top college. I want to go out in the world and make a life for myself. I want the power to shape my destiny.” Chinita’s quest lead her to Cincinnati Country Day School (CCDS) in hopes that an education at a top private high school would help her gain admission to a top college on the East Coast. Her hard work and sacrifice, like riding 2 buses for a daily commute of 4-hours round-trip, paid off after four years when she graduated from CCDS and was admitted to Sarah Lawrence College (SLC) in Bronxville, New York. Chinita spent her junior year studying abroad in Florence, Italy. She loved living abroad and traveled throughout Europe while there.
After graduating from SLC, Chinita began her professional journey in San Francisco followed by a short return to Cincinnati. Following her return to Ohio she earned a Master of Arts in Journalism from Indiana University. Her time on the West Coast and back in Ohio as a working adult convinced her that New York City is where she belonged. Chinita began her life in New York at the Guggenheim Museum. Always willing to put in the work, Chinita worked her way up the ranks from an intern at Dow Jones News Service (part of the Wall Street Journal) to a junior reporter. During this time, she continued to travel the world for brief excursions, but longed for a more substantial international experience. Her next dream came true when she was selected by the Japanese government to be a U.S. cultural ambassador and teach English in Japan. Chinita spent two-years in Toyama City, Japan. During this time, she made lifelong friendships with people from around the world and traveled extensively throughout Asia.
After returning to the U.S. in 2005, Chinita moved to Washington, D.C., for a new East Coast adventure and began the next chapter in her life. She took her talents to National Public Radio (NPR) and moved from a temporary position to a staff position on the nationally recognized program “Morning Edition.” Chinita was a key member of the Morning Edition team for a decade. She brought her work ethic and diverse background and knowledge to the program.
It was during her time in D.C. that she expanded her interest in a diverse mixture of arts and culture from that of observer to creator. She started writing plays in 2011 and by 2013 had one of her plays, Bedroom Mirrors, featured in the avant garde D.C. Fringe Festival. Chinita had found a way to tell stories about people and issues essential to her world and perspective. Her play, WE R PUNK ROCK, was selected to be a part of the Theater Alliance’s annual Hothouse New Project Development Series. Even after being diagnosed with colorectal cancer in 2015, Chinita didn’t let cancer stop her from continuing to follow her dreams and create new art. Over the last 3 years she continued to travel the world with friends, write new plays, and support other artists and friends around the world. Chinita’s desire was to have her ashes scattered in the ocean in Hawaii. Her family honored her request. On her birthday, family and friends scattered Chinita’s ashes in the ocean at Sand Island. The New Hope Oahu Canoe Club Ministry shepherded the family through the celebration. Club members taught several of the family members on how to row the boats. The New Hope Oahu Canoe Club members led the family as we rowed out to a peaceful ocean and released Chinita’s ashes and gave thanks for Chinita’s inspiring life.
Visit www.nattyrecords.com for more information.


We’re another month into 2020, and I managed to hit my goal of 2 books per month in February. Both were pretty delightful but wildly different in terms of subject matter.
The Testaments by Margaret Atwood
I’m a huge fan of The Handmaid’s Tale, both the book and the Hulu TV series, so I’ve been excited to read this one for a while. Technically, this is my second try at reading it; the first time was last November, and I just got too busy to even start it before my turn was up! Luckily, life slowed down just enough this time for me to finish it in just a few days. Typically, I don’t like it when I’ve seen the movie/TV show before I’ve read the book, but this is one instance in which I am loving this order of events. Picturing the characters in this book in my mind’s eye as the actors in the TV series really brought the story to life. Much of this book focuses on Aunt Lydia: past, present, and future. As it turns out, she’s a pretty multi-faceted indivudal who I somehow grew to like over the course of the book, despite her seeming heartlessness in Atwood’s first book. The other “testaments” comprising this book are the tales of two young girls: one growing up in the confines of Gilead’s extreme patriarchy, and the other coming of age in Canada, a hub for Gilead refugees. I quite enjoyed how the author used this structure to place Gilead in a global context in this book, describing how this decaying society was perceived by the outside, “normal” world. I really enjoyed this book and would definitely recommend it to others, particularly for those who watch the TV series–season 4 premieres in the fall!
This Is Where You Belong: the Art and Science of Loving the Place You Live by Melanie Warnick
This book took some dedication for me to get my hands on it. I first heard this book recommended on my favorite podcast, well over a year ago. I requested it from the library but soon discovered that their single copy had gone missing. I waited and waited for them to replace it in their stock…but that never happened. I finally resorted to buying my own copy (gasp!) from a Goodwill store on eBay. Fortunately, I ended up loving this book, so it was well worth the wait (and a few bucks). It should come as no surprise that this was a home run with me; it fits well within my beloved “personal experiment” genre. The author sets out to learn how to love Blacksburg, Virginia after yet another cross-country move that has left her with feelings of mere indifference. Each chapter focuses on a different aspect of her master plan to love where she lives and concludes with a useful checklist for those who want to do the same in their own towns. I took many of her suggestions to heart such as committing to making 3 purchases per month at a locally owned business and viewing your city from a tourist’s perspective. (Can I change my resolutions?!) I really do love where I live, but I think there is room for me to become more invested in it, in every sense. I could give more of myself to this place that I have grown to love and cherish.
What did you read in February?


Books & PUBLICATIONS----- kindle series bottom of this page
All books are available directly from Printer/ Publisher
This is a High Quality print Paperback
Human existence is riddled with battles of all sorts. Although the outward appearance of the battlefield has changed over the past five thousand years, the struggle for peace, love and success is just the same, both at a personal and community level.
Of all the options which were available to Shri Krishna, why did He choose war? Are there scientific explanations of the Universe according to ancient teachings? Do Hindu scriptures concur that I am a small part of the entire universe? Can any of these information lead to my enduring happiness? Many questions are answered in this commentary of the Bhagwad Gita. The Shrimad Bhagwad Gita is an inspiring text which transcends the boundaries of nationality, ethnicity or religion. Whatever action is performed by a great man, others will follow in his footsteps. And whatever standards he sets by example all the world pursues. Chapter 3 Verse 21


Little Free Library #49307
We have something wonderful here at Davenport's Café Diem...our very own Little Free Library! It looks like a birdhouse and is currently located inside the cafe. This is a place where folks can share a book that they have already read and trade it for a book they would like to read. Since our Little Free Library is inside, it's only available during the cafe's normal business hours. However, that's 7 days a week! Monday through Friday, 7am to 7pm, and on the weekends, 9am to 5pm.
If there are several people who want to trade books, stand in line and wait your turn.
Take care of the Little Free Library. Straighten up when you are finished browsing. Gently open the door and make sure it closes tightly.
Exchange books that are in a condition that someone else will want to read.
Take a book. Leave a book.
We gladly take requests for books you might be looking for and will seek them out to add to our collection.
We happily accept donations of gently used books. If you have more than two or three, please put them in a box or bag and leave them with staff. (This will help prevent overcrowding in the Little Free Library.) Thank you!
Librarian @ Café Diem's Little Free Library
Café Diem & Little Free Library #49307 on Facebook


The university rankings across the international locations and the planet are listed by considering several factors. Of system, it is the effective school, the intelligence of the pupils and the scholarly excellence that come 1st to estimate the rankings. Up coming the campus, the ambiance, the services that the universities offer you the pupils and the involvement of the institutions in generating the new researchers, engineers, lecturers and physicians of the future are judged to integrate the names of the Universities amid the toppers.
However, it is a very difficult and difficult approach to pick the top ten very best universities in the entire world due to the fact how an American University can be the greatest amid the universities in China and vice-versa! On the opposite, it is pretty difficult to manage a challenging struggle amid the Ivy League institutes with that of the century-aged instructional institutes of the European nations around the world, specifically Uk -The Wonderful Britain. Even the University of California is counted by several amongst the leading ten, but it is not an Ivy League. Then how can any person decide that the great state college is anyhow inferior to the Ivy Leagues?
Right here is the checklist of the best ten greatest universities in the World right after counting and judging the figures of the faculty users who are Nobel Laureates. Ukrayna Üniversite of Philosophical Culture, Winners of the US Presidential Medal of Freedom, associates of the Nationwide Academy of Science, MacArthur Fellows and the significantly prestigious Pulitzer Prize winners of the fantastic universities.
Harvard College (1st in the United States)
Harvard University is a yardstick to measure the investigation specifications of other individuals. This is 1 of the premier residences of education that has been at any time challenged. Situated in the Cambridge, US the College was launched in 1636. The college developed its funds from $four.6 billion to $25.8 billion in the last 15 many years beneath the leadership of Jack Mayer. In addition to fiscal wealth, the correct treasures of the Leading College are the forty seven Nobel Laureates, forty eight Pulitzer Prize winners, 32 Heads of Point out it has made from its regulation, health care and business schools. The college boasts on its Widener Library – the world’s finest academic library with over 6 million volumes of books of different disciplines.
Stanford College (2nd in the US)
Found in the heart of the Californian Silicon Valley, the Stanford College was launched in 1891. This is the world’s 2nd very best study and training university committed to supplying the best top quality schooling to get leadership through the 7 faculties- Humanities & Sciences, Organization, Engineering, Law, Medication, Education and learning, and Earth Sciences.
Massachusetts Institute of Engineering (MIT) (3rd in the US)
Because its basis back in 1861, MIT slowly has become the world’s preeminent middle of scientific lookups and training. The Faculty offers on the legions of experts and engineers it has made. There are 80 Nobel Laureates, 43 McArthur Fellows, 28 winners of National Medal of Technology and Innovation, 56 National Medal of science winners.
University of California (4th in the United States)
Berkeley is 1 of the elite universities throughout the globe. Far more than 350 applications are provided to 36,000 students and the university is best known for the PhDs it produces yearly. There are 77 Fulbright Students, 39- Members of the American Philosophical Culture, 32 MacArthur Fellows, and 22 Nobel Laureates and amid the Nobel laureates 8 of them are present college users.
University of Cambridge (United kingdom)
Founded in 1209, Cambridge is 1 of the world’s oldest establishments. It has always been one of the finest rivals of its modern day Oxford. It is truly hard for the US college toppers universities to give a difficult battle from the abroad. There are above 18,000 pupils throughout 135 countries and there is a document of earning 80 Nobel Prizes by their college.
Princeton University (fifth in the US)


Tuan Andrew Nguyen’s film continues the artist’s ongoing interest in the legacy of tirailleurs, soldiers from French colonial territories brought to Vietnam to combat anticolonial uprisings during the First Indochina War (1946–1954). Because No One Living Will Listen follows Habiba, a Vietnamese woman whose father was a Moroccan soldier who defected from the French army. The film is based around a speculative letter, written by Habiba to her father—who died when she was a baby—as a way to speak to him in his absence. Because No One Living Will Listen centres the Moroccan soldiers who defected from the colonial army and whose repatriation to Morocco was hindered by the outbreak of the Vietnam War. The film complicates the historical record of the period between the end of the First Indochina War in 1954 (which is also the focus of Nguyen’s film The Specter of Ancestors Becoming, 2019) and the conclusion and aftermath of the Vietnam War in 1972 (the subject his film The Unburied Sounds of a Troubled Horizon, 2022).
Throughout the film, the Moroccan Gate—a monument located in the Thăng Long Citadel in Hà Nội (Hanoi)—appears as a symbol of the divisions between Habiba and her father, or possibly, like Habiba’s letter, as a portal that might reunite them. The gate was constructed in 1959 by Moroccan soldiers who were part of the International Control Commission, a multinational organization established to oversee the implementation of the Geneva Accords, which ended the First Indochina War and called for the withdrawal of foreign troops from Vietnam.


Wednesday 09 May 2018
Announcing Abby Goodrum for Fluxible 2018
Here’s a question that not many people have to consider: What to do after successfully launching a brand new design degree program at a university in Canada? For our next speaker, the answer is: get yourself to Fluxible, to share your knowledge and experience with a different group of people who are also eager to learn about UX. (And perhaps make a stop or two along the way to perform with your band.)
Abby Goodrum is Professor and Program Coordinator for the User Experience Design degree at Wilfrid Laurier University's Brantford campus. She teaches courses in Design Thinking, UX/User-Centered Design, Information Architecture, and UX Research Methods. Before this, she was the Vice President for Research at Wilfrid Laurier University.
Prior to her appointment at Laurier, Abby held the Rogers Research Chair in News, Media, and Technology at Ryerson University where she was also Associate Dean for Research in the Faculty of Communication and Design. She has also held faculty positions at Syracuse and Drexel Universities where she taught User-Centered Design, Usability, UX, Knowledge Management, Information Architecture, and Digital Reference.
Abby's research bridges multiple disciplines and appears in the journal literature of computer science, humanities, communication studies, information management, and media studies. For more than 20 years, her research has focused on the study of how humans seek, use, share, manipulate, store, retrieve, and organize digital multimedia. Abby was founding Director for Social Science Research in a $23M Canadian Centre of Excellence that served as both a research network and commercialization engine in order to address complex issues in digital media, and transform multidisciplinary research into user-centered solutions.
Abby has served on a variety of research committees, management boards, and boards of directors. She has extensive experience in peer review processes at all levels including: the Ontario Ministry for Research and Innovation, the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the National Science Foundation (U.S.), and the Institute for Museum and Library Studies. Plus, she has served on the boards of Canada’s Technology Triangle, the Canadian Digital Media Network, the Accelerator Centre, SHARCNET, the Southern Ontario Water Consortium, and the Ontario Council on University Research.
Stay tuned for details of Abby's Fluxible presentation, and follow her on Twitter where she tweets as @agoodrum.


Return of the High Priestess
Set in fiction style, this magical short novel is about the return of the Divine Feminine, and the subsequent Sacred Reunion of the Divine Masculine and Feminine within each of us. This allows for us to reclaim our power, experience harmonious, fulfilling relationships once again and sets the stage for the creation of a New Earth, the Golden Age, one based in unity, harmony and love.
Many messages are woven throughout the pages that share with the reader how humanity became enslaved in fear, shutting down their hearts. And how through the return of the High Priestess, the feminine, the power of Love, that the spell is broken and humanity set free .


The Challenge of Democracy Publication Chronology:
Fourteen English Hardcover Editions Nine English Abridged Editions Five Foreign Language Editions
Kenneth Janda got a B.S. from Illinois State University and received his PhD from Indiana University. He is the Payson S. Wild Professor Emeritus of Political Science at Northwestern University. Dr. Janda has published extensively in comparative party politics, research methodology, and early use of computer technology in political science, for which he received awards from EDUCOM and support from Apple Computer. His APSA awards include the Samuel Eldersveld Lifetime Achievement Award (2000) and the Frank J. Goodnow Award for distinguished service to the profession and the association (2009). Dr. Janda and fellow author Jerry Goldman shared APSA technology awards in 1992 for IDEAlog, the computer program, and in 2005 for IDEAlog, the website. His most recent book is The Emperor and the Peasant: Two Men at the Start of the Great War and the End of the Habsburg Empire (forthcoming 2017).
Jeffrey M. Berry is the John Richard Skuse Professor of Political Science at Tufts University. He was an undergraduate at the University of California, Berkeley, and received his doctorate from Johns Hopkins University. Dr. Berry is a recipient of the APSA's Samuel Eldersveld Lifetime Achievement Award (2009) and numerous "best book" awards&emdash;from the APSA for The Rebirth of Urban Democracy (1994), from the Policy Studies Organization for The New Liberalism (1999), from the APSA for A Voice for Nonprofits (2004), and from the APSA for Lobbying and Political Change (2009). His most recent book is The Outrage Industry: Political Opinion Media and the New Incivility (with Sarah Sobieraj).
Jerry Goldman is Professor Emeritus of Political Science at Northwestern University. He began his academic career teaching junior high school before earning his PhD at Johns Hoplins.University. Dr. Goldman is the 2010 recipient of the first APSA/CQ Press Award for Teaching Innovation in Political Science. He has received many other awards, including the American Bar Association's Silver Gavel for increasing the public's understanding of the law, the EDUCOM Medal, and the Roman & Littiefieid Prize for Teaching Innovation. In 2012, Dr. Goldman made the Fastcase 50: "tne fifty most interesting, provocative, and courageous leaders in the world of law, scholarship, and legal technology." Through the Oyez Project at oyez.org, which uses images, and audio to bring the supreme court alive, he has brought the U.S. Supreme Court closer to everyone:
Deborah Schildkraut is Professor of Political Science at Tufts University, sne is the author of Americanism in the Twenty-First Century: Public Opinion in the Age of Immigration (2011), Press "One" for English: Language Policy Public Opinion, and American Identity (2005), and several other research articles. Her research focuses on the implications of the changing ethnic composition of the United States on public opinion in a variety of domains. Professor Schildkraut has received awards from the American Political Science Association for the best book published in the field of political psychology (2012) and for the best paper presented in the field of elections, public opinion, and voting behavior (2009). She has served on the Board of Overseers for the American National Election Study and as a reviewer for the National Science Foundation.
Paul Manna is the Isabelle and Jerome E. Hyman Distinguished University Professor of Government at the College of William & Mary. He focuses on American politics, policy implementation, federalism, bureaucracy, and applied research methods. Author of School's In: Federalism and the National Education Agenda (2006), and Collision Course: Federal Education Policy Meets State and Local Realities (2011), he is also co-editor of Education Governance for the Twenty-First Century: Overcoming the Structural Barriers to School Reform (2013). Currently, he is sudying state education advocacy organizations' role in policy change, the relationship between neighborhood violence and school performance, and voter participation in elections for state education chief. He graduated from Northwestern University and taught high school social studies before earning his Ph.D. in political science from the University of Wisconsin.


Several months ago, the basement at my mother’s house flooded. As we cleaned up after the water receded, we found several boxes that had not been opened in many years. In these boxes were letters sent by my grandfather during World War Two.
He was a pilot assigned to the 341st Fighter Squadron in the Pacific Campaign and over the course of his service sent several hundred letters home to my grandmother. These letters span the time from his flight training to his trip back to the States at the end of the war.
I have recently begun sorting and transcribing these letters so that they can be preserved for my family and for anyone else that my have an interest in how World War Two looked to one American pilot. As I work my way through these letter I will be posting them here along with the many pictures my grandfather took throughout the war.


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This paper tries to explain about the principles of justice both contained in the Quran and Hadith. As part of the implementation of Islamic law and the subsystem of national law, the role and position of the judiciary (Islam) is very strategic and significant.
The existence and position of the principles of justice not only lies in the theoretical development through academic studies, but also practically can provide its own color in the implementation of Islamic law in Indonesia.
The implementation of the judicial principles is not only a normative individual obligation, but also a collective obligation involving both academics, legal practitioners and the government. Theoretically and practically, the principles of justice embodied in the Koran and Hadith greatly influence the journey and implementation of justice in Indonesia in an effort to uphold the law and justice.
Read the full writing of Dr. Aden Rosadi, M.Ag on Judicial Principles in the Quran and Hadith on this page


Multiple Offers Received Final And Best Offers Thursday 17th June 12 Noon. A generous 3-bed home in enviable north-west Sheffield: Wadsley Park Crescent.
This charming home is ideally suited to family life, with luscious gardens to the front and rear of the property and a practical detached garage.
Time to explore:
Wadsley Park Crescent is nestled in a fantastic spot between the communities of Wisewood and its namesake Wadsley. This is a superb base of operations for countless reasons, one of which is its impressive transport links. Wadsley Park Road affords you excellent accessibility thanks to its proximity to Dykes Hall Road, taking you right into the heart of Hillsborough. This grants you a superb range of transport links, including bus and SuperTram services, and the practical Penistone Road. Hillsborough has no shortage of wonderful amenities, such as delightful local businesses and restaurants, giving you plenty of options while saving you the trip into the city centre. Wadsley and Wisewood also boast some fantastic attractions too, including reputable schools, lovely pubs and dining options, and the Wisewood Sports Centre. There are some beautiful examples of greenery in the vicinity, most notably the Wadsley and Loxley Commons and the majestic Hillsborough Park. Hillsborough Park is a beautiful community space featuring a leisure centre, a duck pond, and even a library tucked away at its heart. With a practical detached garage and driveway, Wadsley Park Crescent offers everything you need right at your fingertips.
Step inside your new home:
Wadsley Park Crescent is a generously proportioned home which boasts the potential for a truly impressive modernisation. You enter a broad hallway with external storage under the stairs accessible via the side of the property. At the end of the hall, you will find the kitchen with a practical galley layout with an attractive view over the rear garden. This space features ample worktops and storage and convenient space for white goods. Wadsley Park Crescent boasts two large reception rooms, both of which can be found to the left of the hallway. The dining room benefits from the classic structure Sheffield homes are known for with broad rooms, deep alcoves, and high ceilings. This affords you abundant room to accommodate a large dining table and a range of other furniture. A broad window floods this room with stunning natural light, making it a fantastic space for hosting friends or enjoying family meals. The living room overlooks the road to the front of the home and mirrors the generous proportions of the dining room. This includes a bright bow window, classic wooden flooring, and lots of space for comfy seating. This is the ideal environment for afternoon tea or a peaceful night in. Handy fitted storage completes the layout of the ground floor. Upstairs you will find three bedrooms, a shower room, and a WC. Bedrooms 1 and 2 lovely sized doubles, one with extensive fitted storage and the other with a broad bow window that mirrors the ground floor. Bedroom 3 is a single with practical fitted storage that would make a fantastic children’s room or home office. The family bathroom contains a smart shower, a sink, and handy bathroom storage. Next door is a functional WC which could be knocked through to create a three-piece suite.
Popular North Sheffield Position
Excellent Transport Links
Two Generous Reception Rooms
Pretty Rear Garden
Lots of Natural Light
Two Doubles and One Generous Single
Detached Garage/ Driveway
Lots of Potential
Perfect For Commuters
Ideal Family Home


Pictures of and basic information on Walton in Somerset
An old picture postcard of Walton, near Street, Somerset, c.1903.
A photograph of the main street and church in Walton,
Walton is a village in the county of Somerset in the south-west of England.
Nearby villages and towns: Ashcott; Axbridge; Baltonsborough;
Westonzoyland; West Pennard;
No comments to date
© Somersetian 1999 - 2010


On Rosh Hashana one of the readings we have is of the very invention of prayer as a Jewish form. This is the story of the childless Hannah who sits outside the Tabernacle at Shiloh (the temporary forerunner of the Temple later built on Mt. Moriah in Jerusalem) and prays to G-d to let her have a child of her own. She vows to return him to the Tabernacle at age three to serve G-d, if only she could bear a child. Hannah not only invented prayer but the sages learn the rules of prayer from this first chapter of the book of Samuel.
Without the development of prayer as a means of coming before G-d and establishing a communicative relationship God, Judaism would have been at a loss to replace the sacrifices in the Temple as a unifying expression of devotion to G-d after the destruction of the Temple. While the Torah gives us very specific instructions for bringing sacrifices in the Temple it was left to Hannah and after her the sages who applied her model to define and refine the act of praying.
This evening I attended a presentation by three very talented women using the model of mothers' prayers to inspire us to a more meaningful experience during these days between Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur. Rabbanit Pnina Neuwirth gave an inspiring talk about the prayers we encounter in the bible including Hannah and Rachel's prayers for fertility and the various views of what constitutes prayer and why G-d needs to hear our prayers. The amazing singer Hagit Kfir accompanied by her daughter Hila on the guitar sang which emphasized and illustrated (can you say that about a song?) the points that Neuwirth made.
The clip below is of Hagit Kfir singing with another woman Adi Arad singing Ana Bekoach. The melody is by Ovadia Hamama .
The words in transliteration and English translation can be found here. The prayer is recited just before the L'cha Dodi prayer which welcomes the Sabbath on Friday night and on the high holidays. It's theme is beseeching G-d to hear our prayers and help us. The prayer is very old and written with a great deal of mystical allusion.
Here is a short clip showing Hagit Kfir and Rabbanit Neuwirth in a similar presentation.
Gmar Chatima Tova גמר חתימה טובה
May we all be inscribed in the book of life.


Boise State University alumni Meggan Laxalt Mackey, (Bachelor of Arts in History, 2013, and Masters of Applied Historical Research in History – 2015) has published a new book through the University of Nevada, Reno’s Center for Basque Studies, Lekuak: The Basque Places of Boise, Idaho.
Lekuak, meaning “places” in Basque, is a cultural journey through the places that generations of Basques in Boise have created and maintained for many generations. The book’s dust jacket explains further:
Lekuak is a cultural journey through Boise, Idaho from a unique perspective: that of the indelible mark Basque immigrants from Euskal Herria, the Basque Country, and their descendants, have made on the city. This journey is not only through parts of the city’s landscape, but also through generations past, present, and future. Lekuak means “places” in the Basque language. It traces how Basque places in Boise reflect the transformation of ethnic identity through successive generations. Today, the Basque places of Boise still remarkably represent Old World values that the first generation of immigrants from the Basque Country brought with them. These unique Basque places reveal at least one common thread: the Basque community or neighborhood, the auzoa. In the Old World, maintenance of an auzoa was highly dependent upon communal work, or auzolan. This principle helped Basque immigrants resettle their lives in new places, or “new soil,”and continues into today.
Includes full-color photos, maps, Basque timeline, and more. Lekuak was designed by the author.
Meggan’s graduate work in Boise State’s history program focused on Basque places through multiple generations in Boise, Idaho, which was the foundation for this book. She also designed the book. Meggan is a third-generation French Basque, born and raised in Nevada. Her grandparents Dominique and Therese Laxalt immigrated to the U.S. from the Iparralde villages of Tardets (Atharratze-Sorholüze, Zuberoa) and Guermiette (Saint-Etienne-de-Baigorry, Nafarroa Beherea). A 30-year resident of Idaho, Meggan has taught for Boise State University’s University Foundations, and currently teaches Basque Studies workshops for Boise State’s Basque Studies. She currently owns Studio M Publications & Design, a small creative services studio in Star, Idaho.


This digital platform offers readers of literary works from the 16th and 17th centuries an opportunity to unlock the meanings of select keywords and gain insight into the complex, idiosyncratic vocabulary of the Spanish Golden Age. GALGO is a searchable Spanish-English glossary that provides definitions and analysis of pivotal terms that reflect important linguistic and cultural concepts of the early modern period and whose lexical values often differ from those that apply today. The glossary’s definitions are taken, and translated into English, from the earliest extant dictionaries of the Spanish language: Sebastián de Covarrubias’ Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española (1611) and the Diccionario de autoridades (1726-39) published by the Real Academia Española.
An accessible analytical framework, based on M.A.K. Halliday’s social semiotic theory of language, exposes each usage of a keyword to be a reflection of the cultural environment, the social structure, and the linguistic system. GALGO’s multilayered design allows users to trace the different definitions of a word within a work and/or across all of the works in the database in order to capture the breadth of its semantic possibilities.


|1840 CAMPAIGN KERCHIEF FEATURING AN IMAGE OF WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON ON HORSEBACK IN MILITARY GARB, ONE OF THE FIRST KNOWN CAMPAIGN TEXTILES IN EARLY AMERICA
|Frame Size (H x L):
|37" x 38.25"
|Flag Size (H x L):
|26" x 27.25"
|Printed in mulberry red ink on white cotton, this kerchief's central imagery includes a sweeping portrait of our 9th President, on horseback, in full military garb with sword drawn. Set within a square window, this is framed by a fanciful wreath comprised of six circular medallions, each of which contains a different landscape. Together they paint a picture of Harrison's achievements and campaign identity. Included are his famous 1811 military victory over Shawnee Indian chief Tecumseh and a confederation of various Indian nations at the Battle of Tippecanoe. Harrison adopted this battle as a nickname, with the resulting campaign cry for “Tippecanoe and Tyler too!”
Another vignette shows Harrison leading a cavalry charge against Native American at British forces at the War of 1812 Battle of Thames in Canada. Harrison’s victory at Thames was considered pivotal in the war and second only to Andrew Jackson’s triumph at the battle of New Orleans.
There are illustrations of a landmark treaty with Northwest Indian Tribes (one of two he facilitated), and of the United States Capital, where Harrison served as both a U.S. Congressman and Senator. Also included are the iconic log cabin and hard cider barrel that became the logos of his campaign, and of Harrison posing as "the Ohio Farmer", plowing fields in North Bend.
During the course of the campaign, a Democratic editor dismissed the candidate, stating that if you gave him a $2,000 pension and a barrel of hard cider, he would spend the remainder of his days contented in a Log Cabin. Where one might have seen mud-slinging, the Whigs saw opportunity. Harrison was a member of an aristocratic Virginia family, born on a plantation, who now lived in an expansive Indiana home with 20 rooms and 13 fireplaces. His opponent, Martin Van Buren, was a New Yorker with an aristocratic air, with whom the average man could not connect. The Whigs adopted the disparaging story to create a new identity for their candidate. From here on, the rustic log cabin and hard cider barrel became symbols used to portray Harrison as a commoner.
Harrison had recently acquired property in Ohio, where he took a short-lived hand at farming. “The Farmer of North Bend” became another slogan used to mask the reality of Harrison's social circumstances.
Harrison was the first presidential candidate to advocate for his own election and the first to employ others to write campaign speeches. His kerchiefs, flags, and banners are the earliest that exist to support a politician who was actively campaigning. Designs are known with imagery or text representing two earlier presidents, Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams, but only one example of each may survive and the purpose of their manufacture is unclear. Political supporters and friends may have commissioned their manufacture, but nothing about their origin is presently known.
Brief Biography & Notes Regarding the 1840 Campaign
William Henry Harrison (b. Feb. 9th, 1773) was the son of wealthy plantation owner Benjamin Harrison V, who was a delegate to the second Continental Congress, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and Governor of Virginia. William was the last president to be born as a British subject. Following his military career he became secretary of the Northwest Territory, then governor of the subsequently divided Indiana Territory, then moved to Ohio where he served as a U.S. Congressman, State Senator, and U.S. Senator.
Martin Van Buren, Harrison’s Democrat opponent, was a New Yorker and the incumbent president. Van Buren's aristocratic air, combined with economic depression that included the devastating collapse of the Second National Bank of the United States, subsequently lost him the 1840 election.
At age 68, Harrison was elected as the oldest president to date, inspiring over 80% voter turnout, but today he is best remembered for serving the shortest term in the history of the American presidency. To prove he was not elderly and feeble, he gave a record-breaking hour-and-forty-five minute inauguration speech in freezing rain. Forgetting a topcoat, he then greeted guests and remained outdoors for a prolonged period. He subsequently caught pneumonia and died just 32 days after taking office.
Vice President, John Tyler, was chosen for the ticket because he was a Southerner and thus balanced the interests of slave owners. Tyler finished out his 4-year term but was generally unsuccessful in the White House, unpopular, and did not seek reelection.
William Henry Harrison, Ohio (Whig) - 52.9% PV, 234 EV
Martin Van Buren, New York (D) - 46.8% PV, 60 EV
Mounting: The kerchief has been hand-stitched to 100% cotton, black in color, which was washed to reduce excess dye. An acid-free agent was added to the wash to further set the dye and the fabric was heat-treated for the same purpose. The mount was then placed in a black-painted, hand-gilded and distressed Italian molding. The glazing is U.V. protective acrylic.
Condition: There are minor stains and foxing, but the condition is extraordinary, especially for the period.
|Advanced Collectors and the Person with Everything
|Earliest Date of Origin:
|Latest Date of Origin:
|1777-1860 Pre-Civil War
|Please call (717) 676-0545 or (717) 502-1281


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Alphabet Zoo - Unfolding Activity Book
An incredible cloth book for babies to learn about animals.
From a 17.5cm * 20cm book, it opens up to a 77cm long fun animal book.
With touch and feel elements, colourful fonts and animals. This book will surely grab your baby’s attention.
Engage your child with the sense of sight and touch.
Format: Cloth book with interactive elements
Age: 0 – 3


This movie is not currently scheduled. Check back soon for updates.
About“Magic Beyond Words: The J.K. Rowling Story” dramatizes the British author’s struggle to bring the beloved wizard fantasy of Harry Potter to life. Starting out as a single mother on welfare, she become one of the world’s wealthiest women, with more than 400 million copies of her visionary books sold across the globe, resulting in a billion-dollar film franchise. The film is an inspiring look at a woman’s rise to become one of the most influential writers ever — from her humble beginnings as an imaginative young girl and awkward teenager to the devastating loss of her mother and the genesis of the Harry Potter phenomenon in her early twenties. The rags-to-riches tale also follows Rowling’s tumultuous first marriage, becoming a mother, her divorce and the dark days of living on government assistance while publisher after publisher...Read more
Starring: Poppy Montgomery, Antonio Cupo, Emily Holmes
Genre: True Story


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We hope you’ll join us for Mother Root: Songs of Source and Sustenance
Saturday April 6, at 7:30pm at the Richmond Free Library
Sunday April 7, at 3:00pm at the College Street Congregational Church (Burlington)
Saturday April 13, at 7:30pm at the United Church of Hinesburg
Sunday April 14, at 3:00pm at the Charlotte Congregational Church
Tickets are available online now!
“I always look forward to Social Band’s next concert! Always an inspiring and special musical experience.”