The Nobel Peace Prize:10 Americans who have won the Nobel Peace Prize: Introduction: The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the most prestigious awards that is bestowed upon individuals or organizations who have contributed to world peace. Since its inception in 1901, the Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded to 10 American citizens who have made significant contributions towards peace-building efforts around the world. In this article, we will discuss the 10 Americans who have won the Nobel Peace Prize and their contributions towards peace-building.
Henry Dunant was a Swiss businessman who is best known for founding the International Red Cross and inspiring the creation of the Geneva Conventions. For his humanitarian efforts, Dunant was awarded the first Nobel Peace Prize in 1901, along with Frédéric Passy, a French pacifist.
Dunant was born in Geneva, Switzerland in 1828, into a wealthy family. He received a good education, and went on to work for his family’s banking business. However, it was not until he witnessed the suffering of wounded soldiers during the Battle of Solferino in 1859 that Dunant’s life changed forever.
After the battle, Dunant was appalled by the lack of medical care available to the wounded. He spent the next few days working tirelessly to provide basic care for the soldiers, using his own resources to buy food and medical supplies. This experience led Dunant to write a book called “A Memory of Solferino,” in which he outlined his vision for an organization that would provide medical assistance to wounded soldiers, regardless of which side they were fighting for.
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Theodore Roosevelt (1906)
Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906 for his efforts to end the Russo-Japanese War. Roosevelt played an instrumental role in bringing both the countries to the negotiating table and mediating a peace agreement between them. His efforts were widely recognized and appreciated, and he became the first American to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906 for his role in ending the Russo-Japanese War. His efforts to broker a peace agreement between the two countries earned him international recognition and cemented his legacy as a peacemaker.
At the turn of the 20th century, tensions between Russia and Japan had been escalating for years, with both countries vying for dominance in East Asia. In 1904, the two nations went to war, with Japan emerging as the victor in a series of bloody battles. However, despite their military success, Japan was unable to force Russia to sign a peace treaty, and the conflict dragged on.
Enter Theodore Roosevelt. As President of the United States, Roosevelt was determined to play a role in ending the war and bringing about a peaceful resolution. He recognized that a protracted conflict in Asia could have disastrous consequences for the global balance of power, and he believed that the United States had a duty to help broker a peace agreement.
Roosevelt’s first step was to invite representatives from both Russia and Japan to a peace conference in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Over the course of several weeks, he met with the two sides separately, laying out his vision for a peace treaty that would satisfy both parties. He pushed them to compromise on issues such as territorial control and indemnities, and he urged them to put aside their pride and work towards a common goal.
At times, the negotiations were tense and difficult. Both sides were wary of making concessions, and there were moments when it seemed as though the talks might break down. However, Roosevelt remained steadfast in his determination to find a solution, and he continued to push both sides towards an agreement.
Finally, on September 5, 1905, the Treaty of Portsmouth was signed, bringing an end to the Russo-Japanese War. The treaty granted Japan control over Korea and certain parts of Manchuria, while Russia was allowed to retain its strategic port of Vladivostok. In addition, Russia was required to pay Japan a substantial indemnity for damages caused by the war.
Woodrow Wilson (1919)
Woodrow Wilson, the 28th President of the United States, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1919 for his efforts to establish the League of Nations. The League of Nations was a precursor to the United Nations and aimed to promote international cooperation and prevent future conflicts.
Jane Addams (1931)
Jane Addams, a social worker and activist, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 for her efforts towards international peace and social justice. Addams co-founded the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, an organization that aimed to promote disarmament and prevent war.
A Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Who Paved the Way for Racial Equality
Ralph Johnson Bunche, born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1903, was an African American political scientist and diplomat who dedicated his life to the pursuit of social justice and equality. Bunche made a significant impact in the field of international relations, and his efforts were recognized with the Nobel Peace Prize in 1950, becoming the first African American to receive the prestigious award.
Bunche’s childhood was far from easy. His father passed away when he was young, leaving his mother to support the family on her own. Despite these difficulties, Bunche was an exceptional student and eventually earned a scholarship to study at UCLA, where he earned his undergraduate degree in international relations.
After earning his Ph.D. from Harvard University, Bunche went on to become a professor of political science at Howard University in Washington, D.C. During this time, he began his involvement with the United Nations, serving as a consultant on colonial affairs.
Bunche’s work with the UN eventually led him to Palestine, where he played a crucial role in negotiating the 1949 armistice agreement between Israel and its Arab neighbors. This achievement earned him the Nobel Peace Prize, making him the first African American to receive the award.
George C. Marshall (1953)
George C. Marshall, the U.S. Secretary of State, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953 for his contributions towards the Marshall Plan. The Marshall Plan was an initiative aimed at rebuilding Europe after World War II and promoting economic stability and growth.
Linus Pauling was a renowned scientist, activist, and humanitarian who made significant contributions to the field of chemistry and played a vital role in promoting world peace. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962 for his tireless efforts to promote nuclear disarmament and world peace.
Born in 1901 in Portland, Oregon, Linus Pauling showed an early aptitude for science, and he went on to study chemistry at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). He earned his Ph.D. in physical chemistry in 1925, and after a brief stint as a professor at Caltech, he moved to Europe to work with some of the most prominent chemists of the time.
Pauling’s work on the nature of chemical bonding was groundbreaking, and he developed a theory that explained the formation of chemical bonds in terms of the sharing of electrons between atoms. This theory, known as the valence bond theory, helped to establish the field of molecular biology and remains a cornerstone of chemistry today.
Martin Luther King Jr. (1964)
Martin Luther King Jr., a civil rights activist and leader, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for his efforts towards racial equality and justice. King led the American civil rights movement and advocated for non-violent protests and civil disobedience.
Jimmy Carter (2002)
Jimmy Carter, the 39th President of the United States, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002 for his efforts towards international peace and conflict resolution. Carter has been involved in numerous peace-building initiatives and has worked towards promoting democracy and human rights.
Al Gore (2007)
Al Gore, the former Vice President of the United States, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007 for his efforts towards raising awareness about climate change. Gore has been a prominent advocate for environmental issues and has worked towards promoting sustainable development.


A PDF index to the obituaries listed in the Chelmsford Newsweekly (6/20/1940 – 8/26/1993) and the Chelmsford Independent (1/2/1986 – present). When you locate the correct obituary, you can use the newspaper name, date, and page number to look up the obituary text on our microfilm records, or contact the Reference Desk at firstname.lastname@example.org or … Continue reading Chelmsford Newspapers Obituary Search
Legacy.com is a well-respected source for online obituaries. Although some of the services they provide require payment, their obituary search is free and searches obituaries from across the country back to 2001. Local significant newspapers include the Chelmsford Independent, Lowell Sun, and Boston Globe.
Search for obituaries that have appeared in the Chelmsford Newsweekly (1940-1993) and the Chelmsford Independent (1986-present): [gdoc key=”1MI3nP6TXIFNuGh9KkGPl425Zjv57zC5TY8k6S90wyjs”]
Library staff are here to help! Ask us for assistance with your research, finding something to read, how to use library resources – anything! If you are requesting an obituary from our Chelmsford Newspaper Obituary Index [pdf], please be sure to include the newspaper name, date, and page number,
Many of us are eagerly awaiting the new title from Lucy Foley, The Paris Apartment. In it, Jess arrives in Paris to visit her brother Ben, only to find that he is missing. As she sets out to find him, she realizes that everyone knows something, but nobody is talking. What happened to Ben, and … Continue reading While You Are Waiting…Lucy Foley
It is with great sadness that we share the news of the passing of Becky Herrmann, Chelmsford Public Library Director since 2001. Becky was a bright light from the moment she arrived at our Library. She cared deeply about the community and wanted the Chelmsford Public Library to offer exemplary service to all who needed … Continue reading In Memoriam, Becky Herrmann


Up to the Mountain,
Down to the Village
It was perhaps the largest youth movement in human history. In 1968, China’s Communist leader Mao Zedong sent more than 17 million junior high and high school students “up to the mountain, down to the village” to learn from the peasants. His goal was to build the perfect socialist society. Many “sent-down” youth participated eagerly, driven by revolutionary zeal and devotion to Chairman Mao. Others, saddled with “bad” family backgrounds (offspring of “rightists,” “reactionaries,” “intellectuals” and other “class enemies”) were forced to go. Many remained in the villages for a decade or more.
The documentary Up to the Mountain, Down to the Village returns with three members of China’s “sent-down” generation — now U.S. citizens — to the remote villages where Mao sent them three decades ago. They recount the loneliness, despair, and physical hardship they endured as teenagers in unfamiliar surroundings, separated from their families for the first time. They also bring along their American-born children, exposing them to the harsh realities of life for China’s peasants.
Up to the Mountain, Down to the Village blends never-before-seen archival material with new footage of the lush rice paddies, hardscrabble peasants and cramped living conditions of rural China today. It captures the return of the three former “sent-down” youth to the ramshackle huts where they lived, and their reunions with peasants they labored with in the fields during that turbulent time.
Three decades later, members of China’s “sent-down” generation remain profoundly influenced by the years they spent living in the villages. Most had no experience in agriculture, and were unprepared for the taxing physical labor that was required of them. In addition, peasants often greeted them with hostility, viewing them as simply more mouths to feed. For many “sent-down” youth, it was their first exposure to the wrenching hunger and dire poverty that were the lot of tens of millions of Chinese peasants during the Mao era.


Adrian Kohler and Basil Jones of the Handspring Puppet Company present GIPCA’s first Great Texts/Big Questions lecture for 2012. With reference to Temple Grandin’s Animals in Translation, these award-winning puppeteers will divulge details of the influences on their work, and the influence that they have had in turn.
Grandin is a high-functioning autistic who has written with great insight into the way animals and autistic people think. She explains how the mal-functioning fore-brain present in animals and autistics can in fact be an advantage, leading to a kind of ‘extreme perception’. Kohler and Jones will talk about the influence Grandin’s book has had on their work, explaining why they enrol their audiences as ‘autistics’ and what the implications of this way of regarding an audience are for their philosophy of the theatre.
Preceded by a short performance, “I love you when you are breathing”, Kohler and Jones will share their ideas on micro-movement and how central breath is to the life of the object. The presentation will culminate with a visual presentation and an interrogation of their production with the National Theatre of Great Britain, War Horse, and the significance of animal characters in a theatrical context.
Touring Southern Africa with a truck
Kohler and Jones met as students at the Michaelis School of Fine Art in 1971. Kohler was already interested in puppetry and followed the art form at the revolutionary Space Theatre, and later as director of a popular theatre program in Botswana, where Jones and Kohler were based in the late ’70s. In 1981 they returned to Cape Town and started the Handspring Puppet Company with two friends, and the four toured Southern Africa with a converted truck, visiting schools, playing for children and staying caravan parks, until the 1985 State of Emergency forced them out of schools.
Kohler and Jones relocated to Johannesburg where they worked in children’s television and, in
time, met and worked with many theatre directors including Barney Simon, Mark Fleishman, Malcolm Purkey and William Kentridge. A decade-long association with Kentridge saw the production of a number of iconic plays, including Woyzeck on the Highveld.
Their return to Cape Town in the late 1990s saw the focus of their work shift towards a portrayal of animals, such as chimpanzees, a giraffe and most recently horses. War Horse, which premièred in 2007, has become the most successful play that the National Theatre of Great Britain has produced, and has recently been made into a film by Steven Spielberg.
Working with the youth
Most recently, Jones and Kohler have formed the Handspring Trust, a non-profit NGO with premises in the Vrygrond informal settlement. The Trust works with youth in Barrydale/Smitsville and, as funding increases, will be collaborating with projects in Masiphumelele and Vrygrond.
Kohler and Jones with Handspring Puppet Company are the recipients of a number of awards including an Olivier Award in London and a Tony Award in New York.


The North Irish Horse
This site traces the experiences of the men of the North Irish Horse during the First World War. It includes the five North Irish Horse squadrons sent to France from 1914 to 1916, the 6th Inniskilling Dragoons (Service Squadron) which joined the North Irish Horse in 1916, the V Corps (North Irish Horse) Cyclist Regiment and the 9th (North Irish Horse) Battalion, Royal Irish Fusiliers. It draws on official records, contemporary references, recollections, and a large collection of photographic images provided by many people from across the world. The site is dedicated to my Grandfather, Francis Joseph MacMahon, whose story inspired my research and is told in these pages.
Image of Sergeant James Coburn.
Images of Private Harry Mercer.
Private George McLorn medal pair.
Private Harry Newell medal trio.
Email: Phillip Tardif
Copyright © Phillip Tardif 2008-13


Roger Evans MA, MBCS, PGCE
About the author
Roger Evans was born and bred in the town of Bridgwater. Educated at Eastover Junior School, he progressed to Dr. Morgan’s Grammar School for Boys, for which with two other old boys he has now formed a reunion association. Most of his working career was spent with Courtaulds as Information Technology Manager before running his own management consultancy business. He now spends his time concentrating on local history, producing a number of books and delivering talks on local topics.
Roger’s interest in all things to do with Bridgwater remain his overwhelming passion. This was reflected in 1970 when at the age of 22 he was elected to serve as a councillor for the old Borough of Bridgwater, and remains the youngest ever Bridgwater Borough councilor. In more recent the interest is reflected in his books on Bridgwater and Somerset topics. He has also worked with the BBC, HTV and a number of TV film companies in producing documentaries and educational films on local topics.
His first significant work was “Bridgwater with and without the ‘e’”, a publication now in its third printing, proving very successful with the Bridgwater public. This publication (ISBN 0 9525674 0 7) covers the history and character of the town. It also covers the 17 other Bridgewaters, each of which is spelt with the extra ‘e’. Following its publication, Roger toured 8 of the American Bridgewaters lecturing on his home town, from its mediaeval origins to its modern day carnival. This successful tour resulted in Roger being awarded the coveted ‘Bridgwater Cup’’.
His follow publication, “Forgotten Heroes of Bridgwater” (ISBN 0 9525674 1 5) has proven to be another popular local best seller. Within its pages are characters from the Charge of the Light Brigade, the Bridge on the River Kwai, the Battle of Trafalgar, and many more, all with a strong Bridgwater connection. The classic story of the amazing Sarah Biffin is also told within.
Each book costs £9.95 per copy plus £2.50 post and packing within the UK, £5 p & p for overseas order.
Released in 2001 was ‘Somerset in the Footsteps of Coleridge and Wordsworth’ (ISBN 0 9525674 2 3) which looks at what drew these two famous poets into Somerset and how, whilst in Somerset, they produced all of their finest works, never again achieving the heights of poetic creation achieved whilst Somerset. This publication costs £3.95 plus £1 post and packing, £2.50 for overseas orders.
Cheques (in UK Sterling) payable to Roger Evans. Please order from:
Roger Evans, 9 Sussex Close, Bridgwater, Somerset TA6 5PA.
Future publications include ‘Somerset Stories of the Supernatural’ due for release in October 2001 and ‘Landscapes of Somerset’ due for publication in 2002. Other titles under development are 'Bridgwater in Poem and Song’ and ‘Blame it on the Cider’.
Roger also offers a range of talks with and without illustrations.
Blame it on the cider (Not illustrated)
Humorous and tragic tales from bygone Somerset where we can blame it on the cider. Hence reminiscences of growing up in the days of cider orchards mixed with tales of the unexpected and many sensational affairs which would once have hit the headlines. And it can all be blamed on the cider!
Somerset ghost stories (Not illustrated)
Real life stories of supernatural experiences - ghostly spirits, moving furniture, strange encounters. True stories of the paranormal and all within the county of Somerset. It’s fact not fiction in this talk which prompts audiences to ‘confess’ their own experiences. The stories in this talk will be included in Roger’s next publication “Somerset Stories of the Supernatural” due for publication October 2001.
Tales of old Bridgwater
A very popular talk, especially in and around Bridgwater, well illustrated with scenes from the turn of the century, this talk takes a light hearted look at all parts of Bridgwater with tales of its characters, riots in the streets, the old cattle market and the many streets as they used to be in the days of yesteryear.
In addition, we take a look at Bridgwater’s maritime past and see some of the ships which were built here, some to carry emigrants to the New World. And we answer the most inevitable of all Bridgwater questions – why is there no ‘e’ in the name!
Forgotten Heroes (Not illustrated)
Roger’s publication of Forgotten Heroes has a large cast of Bridgwater folk including the man who captured a Russian Gun in the Charge of the Light Brigade and the Bridgwater Captain with Nelson at Trafalgar. Then the ladies have their claim to fame with Sarah Biffin who, born with no arms or hands, became a miniature painter patronised by four kings and queens of England. And many, many more.
Somerset in the footsteps of Coleridge and Wordsworth
What drew Coleridge and Wordsworth to Somerset? Why was this period the most productive in the lives of either of these great poets? And just what drove them away? The answers are provided in this talk which takes its name from Roger’s November 2000 publication. The talk explores the towns and villages frequented by these poets and the many characters with whom they became acquainted.
Carnival past and present
How did it all begin and why does Bridgwater have the world’s largest illuminated carnival? The origins and growth of our world famous carnival are explained with light hearted anecdotes of some of the characters from the past. What goes on behind the scenes before and on carnival day itself?
Roger was born into a carnival family, made his first appearance at the age of 4 and has been involved ever since. A founder of one of our local clubs, a former chairman of Bridgwater Carnival and now a senior judge, Roger is able to provide an entertaining and informative talk on the world largest illuminated carnival.
Sydenham Manor House
The hidden jewel in Bridgwater’s crown and one of its best kept secrets. This illustrated talk shows the interior and exterior of this fascinating 500 year old house in the grounds of the local Cellophane plant. Previously a manor estate with a thousand years of history, the house has been home to many a noteworthy and interesting character. Its owners chose the wrong side in the Civil War and got it wrong again in the Monmouth Rebellion. Is it any wander it boasts a most persistent and almost predictable ghost?
Fairs and markets
This talk starts with Bridgwater’s markets and street fairs in the mediaeval times and then takes a closer look at Bridgwater fair as it was and as it survives today.
It includes tales of the man who sold his wife at the fair, another who hired himself out to a Stogumber farmer only to later discover how the villagers there had married him off without him knowing. Then there’s the strong man with his ‘male performance enhancing elixir’ and world famous boxers. This is an entertaining look at one of Europe’s largest travelling fairs.
This is another subject on which Roger is well qualified to talk. Having grown up next to the market, he was introduced to the ways of the showmen at a tender age, his father having travelled with the fair as a boxer and wrestler.


CTE courses moving to Canvas
The CTE Resource Center is migrating its catalog of about 530 courses and their associated competencies and resources to Canvas/Virtual Virginia. Through Canvas/Virtual Virginia, educators will be able to access their course competencies, as well as Student Competency Record (SCR) forms in Word and Excel formats. For the 2023-2024 school year, the Center will include the SCR as Outcomes in the Canvas/Virtual Virginia system.
Included on the CTE Resource Center website will be a link from each course page to the course competencies and resources in Canvas/Virtual Virginia. In addition, for school divisions that do not use Canvas, a Common Cartridge (IMSCC) file will be available on the CTE Resource Center course page as a downloadable file to import into other learning management systems. The Common Cartridge file contains all of the competencies and resources found in the Canvas course.


”HOME, HEARTH, & HISTORY: STORIES OF OLD SALUDA” DVD
A one-hour-plus DVD featuring the reminisces of ten of Saluda's elders with over one hundred vintage photographs, many from the interviewees' private collections. Interviews are woven together to tell the story of Saluda's history, memorable people, and everyday life in "the good old days". Seven bonus features are also included. Here is the opening sequence:
The full-length DVD is available from many downtown Saluda merchants, or you can purchase it here. The program was made possible by these generous donors.
TIME CAPSULE FROM 1898: SOUTHERN RAILWAY BOOKLET
(Images courtesy of Glenn Brady)
SALUDA FEATURED ON UNC-TV:
IN CHARLOTTE'S BALLANTYNE MAGAZINE:
Saluda is 38 miles NW of Spartanburg, SC and 35 miles SE of Asheville, NC. Click on the map to get directions from your location:
This site is a project of the Historic Saluda Committee.
Much of the narrative text on this site was taken directly from the book Saluda NC, 100 Years, 1881-1981 by Anne Osborne and Charlene Pace with articles by Tom Haywood and the Thermal Belt News-Journal and Theodore Jones from Saluda Magazine. (Holly Hill Publishers, Saluda NC 1981). We greatly appreciate the use of this invaluable resource and in most cases have made no edits to the original work.
Many of the photographs and scans of old articles are courtesy of Clark Thompson and originally appeared at saludamemories.com. Thank you, Clark!