Veteran Voices with with Sergeant Major of the Army Jack Tilley, U.S. Army (Retired), pulls back the curtain of history to share crucial moments in time through conversations with Veterans who experienced them.
Copy and Image Credit: National Veterans Memorial and Museum
Listen: Wreaths Across America Radio
Along with the informational and inspiring content Wreaths Across America Radio plays a variety of music with the roots firmly planted in patriotism with a country music thread running through the core of the stream. Wreaths Across America Radio has a live morning show every weekday morning from 6 am to 10 am eastern, along with a variety of special programs that support the mission to Remember, Honor, and Teach.
Copy and Image Credit: wreathsacrossamerica.org/radio
Listen: Making Action Happen with Sara Blackhurst and Brian McCain
Making Action Happen is a show about the Action22 members and communities. The show introduces you to Colorado community leaders, elected officials, and individuals to gain perspective on their ideas and experiences. While Action22 works on public policy from the rural space, we explore which perspectives are driven by political party lines and which ones are not. Specifically, we focus on and discuss topics that have ongoing and immediate impact on our communities, and by extension other communities like ours. The purpose is to help you find insight and solutions relevant to what you are working on, regardless of where you are in the world.
Listen: American Warrior Radio with Ben Buehler-Garcia
American Warrior Radio was established to educate and inform the 99% of the population who never served. We do so by telling the stories of our men & women in the military, those who support them and sharing issues of importance to veterans and their families.
Hometown Heroes is a weekly radio show honoring the men and women whose service and sacrifice have secured our freedom. Featuring interviews with veterans, primarily from the World War II generation, Hometown Heroes presents history through the perspectives of those who lived it. Host Paul Loeffler travels the country as a sportscaster, employing the downtime on those assignments to connect with veterans from coast to coast.
Read: Flying in the Face of Fear by Kim "KC" Campbell
In Flying in the Face of Fear: Lessons on Leading with Courage, former fighter pilot and retired Air Force Colonel Kim Campbell delivers an inspiring and practical discussion of leadership and decision-making. In the book, you’ll follow the author’s journey through the principles that got her through her 24-year career in the high-stakes and high-risk world of aerial combat. (Excerpted from Amazon.com)
In this long-awaited, richly-illustrated new book, award winning author Zach S. Morris weaves a vivid narrative of the World War II Pacific Theater, drawn from declassified military documents, maps, photos, and over a decade of interviews and research. Through his grandfather Stephen Ganzberger's journey and the deeply personal accounts of other veterans, When the Beaches Trembled brings to life the incredible true story of the LCIs in the Second World War: a story rarely told, until now.
Listen: AUSA's Army Matters Podcast with Dan Dailey
A rotating cast of hosts covers topics of importance to the Total Army community including Soldiers, military families and Army supporters. Keep it locked here for all Army Matters. Brought to you by AUSA, the U.S. Army’s professional association - voice for the Army and support for the Soldiers.
Rotating each week, our hosts include: • SMA(R) Dan Dailey focusing on subjects relevant to our Soldiers. • COL (R) Scott Halstead sharing inspirational leadership stories. • Holly Dailey offering insights on the ins and outs of our military families’ journeys. • Joe Craig telling compelling stories of military history though conversations with contemporary authors. • COL(R) Dan Roper examining key challenges facing the U.S. Army as it transforms to defeat present and future threats.
Read: The Party Dolls by George Hayward
THE PARTY DOLLS is the riveting, award-winning* true Vietnam War story of a failed escape code-named “The Party,” told by the former POWs who planned it. Author and former Air Force journalist George Hayward wrote it based on interviews he did between 1995 and 2002 with those POWs, and never released until this book.
- Image and copy excerpted from the author's website.
George Hayward on The Party Dolls in His Own Words:


These photographs from
the WDFH Technical Photograph Archive show equipment that we believe was
designed and used by Maj. Edwin Howard Armstrong, the inventor of FM, in
the early days of his FM experiments. These are old, sometimes
unidentified photographs; where captions are available, they are provided
here in quotation marks.
"Second transmitter modulating equipment at Empire State Building, showing multiplexing apparatus (Armstrong System)"
Presumably one of Armstrong's transmitters.
"Armstrong receiving apparatus at home of George Burghard, Westhampton, L.I." This photograph appears to be of the right part of an L-shaped desk; the equipment on the left part of the desk is pictured in the photograph below.
"Armstrong receiving apparatus at home of George Burghard, Westhampton, L.I." The large map at the left is of Long Island and NYC; the document in the lower frame on the wall is unreadable but the one in the upper frame is a Radio Operator License issued by the Federal Radio Commission, the government agency that licensed radio stations from 1927 until 1934, when the FCC was formed. This photograph is presumably from that era.
This photograph is not identified, but the equipment (radio cabinets, large speaker) suggests a receiving station.
This one is also not identified, but the presence of a microphone on the desk and a turntable (in floor cabinet behind chair) suggests a transmitting station. The pictures on the wall are of sailboats, and this may be in someone's home.


Journal Archives - Publications
The past few years have seen rapid changes in the understanding of congenital malformations and acquired diseases. Paediatric Urology has not remained untouched by these developments. Presently, there are numerous journals which address these problems with authors presenting their points of view. A personal bias in the results of the study, albeit inadvertently, becomes unavoidable in such publications. Also, at one point of time several articles exist on the same subject, with as many points of view. On the other hand, some textbooks attempt to review the subject. But, unfortunately, sometimes several years may pass before a new edition of the textbook is printed. Thus, the reader is left with exhaustive reviews of the journals needed to keep pace with the developments. The shortcomings of such alternatives cannot be overemphasized. The present attempt is to provide to the reader with a balanced and comprehensive review of the problem, with clear instructions and key information, on an annual basis. The chapters will be followed by additional commentaries where necessary.


05-11/08/11 Members of the ‘Variance of Njáls saga‘ research project will present aspects of their work to date in a thematic session at the 15th International Saga Conference, Aarhus, Denmark. Brief abstracts for the presentations can be found online in the Pre-Prints at pp. 62-63. The session will take place on Tuesday 7th August; the full conference programme is here.
08/05/12 Svanhildur Óskarsdóttir gave a paper about the project and Þormóðsbók (AM 162 b fol. δ) at the Medieval Scandinavian Seminar, Dept of Scandinavian Studies, University College London.
05/05/12 Susanne Arthur gave a paper about her research and the codicology of Njáls saga manuscript AM 396 fol. at the annual conference of the Society for the Advancement of Scandinavian Study, held in Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.
21/03/12 Svanhildur Óskarsdóttir and Ludger Zeevaert gave a presentation on Þormóðsbók (AM 162 b fol. δ) at the Þjóðmenningarhús in Reykjavík, as part of the series of lectures ‘Góssið hans Árna’. The lecture series was organised to celebrate the inclusion of the Árni Magnússon Manuscript Collection on UNESCO’s ‘Memoryof the World’ Register.
Ludger Zeevaert gave a paper on the project and on linguistic variation in 14th-century Njáls saga manuscripts at the Arbeitstagung der Skandinavistik (ATdS) conference, University of Vienna.


Published 1972 .
Written in EnglishRead online
|Statement||by James Lattin.|
|LC Classifications||Microfilm 40741 (E)|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||iv, 145 leaves.|
|Number of Pages||145|
|LC Control Number||89894193|
Download Coercive temperance
Symbolic Crusade.: Joseph R. Gusfield. University of Illinois Press, - Social Science - pages. 0 Reviews. The important role of the Temperance movement throughout American history is.
The Daughters of Temperance Hobbs is a sequel ten years in the making, following the author's debut novel The Physick Book of Deliverance Dane, and the story itself picks up 10 years later too. Former graduate student Connie Goodwin is now a history professor at Northeastern University, under consideration for tenure and living happily /5.
COVID Resources. Reliable information about the coronavirus (COVID) is available from the World Health Organization (current situation, international travel).Numerous and frequently-updated resource results are available from this ’s WebJunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle coronavirus.
Get this from a library. Letter from an aged and a retired citizen of Boston: to a member of the House of Representatives of Massachusetts: on coercive measures in aid of temperance. [Harrison Gray Otis; William Hayden, Esq.]. Temperance book.
Read reviews from world’s largest community for readers. Temperance book. Read reviews from world’s Coercive temperance book community for readers. Temperance book. Read reviews from world’s largest community for readers. During her lifetime she wrote more than 5, periodical articles and 40 books; but today, /5(36).
Coercive progressivism is the latest incarnation of this tendency. Those currently seizing power are trying to morally improve us by regulating speech, ideas and behavior so that we can stop replicating the sins of liberalism: racism, privilege and exploitation. Woman's World/Woman's Empire: The Woman's Christian Temperance Union in International Perspective, By Ian Tyrrell University of North Carolina Press, Read preview Overview.
Liquor in the Land of the Lost Cause: Southern White Evangelicals and the Prohibition Movement By Joe L. Coker University Press of Kentucky, Temperance was a favorite theme of Mrs. Ellen G. White, Coercive temperance book in her writings and in public discourse. In many of her articles the book, periodical, pamphlet, or manuscript from which the excerpt is taken.
The readers will recognize that Ellen G. White, having died in The morality of bank-robbing is particularly easy to understand because we accept complete prohibition of this activity.
We are willing to say "Thou shalt not rob banks," without providing for exceptions. But temperance also can be created by coercion. Taxing is a good coercive device. Introduction; Confronting the National Debt: The Aftermath of the French and Indian War; The Stamp Act and the Sons and Daughters of Liberty; The Townshend Acts and Colonial Protest; The Destruction of the Tea and the Coercive Acts; Disaffection: The First Continental Congress and American Identity; Key Terms; Summary; Review Questions; Critical Thinking Questions.
Harper is best known for her novel Iola Leroy; or, Shadows Uplifted, a novel set in the Reconstruction South that addresses racial politics and some temperance issues. But her novel Sowing and Reaping (serialized in the Christian Recorder in –) more. It was “thorough text-book study of Scientific Temperance in public schools as a preventive against intemperance.” 3 The WCTU appointed a standing committee with Mary Hunt as chair.
The following year () it formed a Department of Scientific Temperance Instruction in. TEMPERANCE MOVEMENT. Many temperance movements and societies emerged in the United States during the nineteenth century.
These movements began in the early s and gained ascendancy during the mid-to-late s, culminating in the Prohibition Movement, the Prohibition Amendment (Article 18) to the U.S.
Constitution inand the start of Prohibition in arrow-forward. May 26th, Smith explains some reasons why the temperance movement switched from advocating voluntary methods to calling for coercive prohibitory laws during the s. In previous essays in this series I sketched some features of the temperance movement in nineteenth‐ century America, but I think it might prove helpful to provide additional details, especially given the.
The Legacy of Mary Hunt and Her Scientific Temperance Instruction. It is indisputable that “By the time of her death inMary Hunt had shaken and changed the world of education.” (31) Her campaign for coercive temperance education (or “institutionalized prohibitionist propaganda” (32).
This book was recommended to me by Prof. Paul Rahe after I had commented during a discussion about drug (and other forms of) prohibition, using the commonplace libertarian argument that regardless of what one believes about the principle of self-ownership and the dangers to society if its members ingest certain substances, from a purely utilitarian standpoint, the evidence is that prohibition Reviews: As the temperance policy reform of came to institutionalise parts of the medical discourse, was chosen as the last year of the study.
the major treatment and control policy reforms of the s—the coercive treatment law and the ration-book system—can reasonably be viewed as evidence of a more officially sanctioned. The scientific temperance hand-book. Imprint: London: National Temperance Society, [s]. 71 Chrystal, R.
Scott. Health and long life, or how to live for a hundred years. Imprint: London: Nimmo, 71 Clough, Lily. Life of Robert Clough, temperance advocate (of Rochdale).
Smith discusses the political and economic trends that determined the value of rum, especially war, competition from other alcohol industries, slavery and emancipation, temperance movements, and globalization.?The book also examines the social and sacred uses of rum and identifies the forces that shaped alcohol use in the Caribbean.
The temperance movement is a social movement against the consumption of alcoholic ipants in the movement typically criticize alcohol intoxication or promote complete abstinence from alcohol (teetotalism), and its leaders emphasize alcohol's negative effects on people's health, personalities and family lly the movement promotes alcohol education and it also.
Several dominant themes were identified, including "Cold Water," "Beware the Cup," "Temperance Army," "Home and Family," and "Take the Pledge." Although lyricists utilized both persuasion (moral suasion) and coercion, findings do not support the shift toward coercive tactics reported by temperance historians during the s.
Temperance. From Glimpses Of Fifty Years to Nineteen Beautiful Years, we can help you find the temperance books you are looking the world's largest independent marketplace for new, used and rare books, you always get the best in service and value when you buy fromand all of your purchases are backed by our return guarantee.
The Intolerable Acts consisted of a number of measures meant to punish the port of Boston and the people of Massachusetts for the Boston Tea party. Parliament, now under the leadership of Lord North, passed the first of these measures, the Boston Port Act, in. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is an international mutual aid fellowship with the stated purpose of enabling its members to "stay sober and help other alcoholics achieve sobriety." AA is nonprofessional, self-supporting, and apolitical.
Its only membership requirement is a desire to stop drinking. The AA program of recovery is set forth in the Twelve Steps. AA was founded in in Akron, Ohio. The religious character of coercive progressivism is central to understanding its relentless, missionary vigour.
Antonia Senior has observed how identity politics functions as ‘Christianity without redemption’, and the faith espoused by the coercive progressives is just such a creed, as its response to George Floyd’s killing demonstrates. Temperance is a small band from Rhode Island that were lucky enough to have someone recognize their potential.
The mixture of hard guitar playing and edgy lyrics make for a great CD. I recommend their music to everyone I meet/5(14). Temperance Tarot card interpretations for love and relationships.
Learn the meaning of Temperance for love, relationships, futures, romance, outcomes, exes, feelings, intentions, reconciliations, as a yes or no, marriage, pregnancies, positives, negatives, and more. Is the Temperance a strength and. Smith discusses the political and economic trends that determined the value of rum, especially war, competition from other alcohol industries, slavery and emancipation, temperance movements, and globalization.
The book also examines the social and sacred uses of rum and identifies the forces that shaped alcohol use in the Caribbean.
Editor’s Note: Points is pleased to introduce a new guest blogger today. Marcus Chatfield is currently writing a book about coercive therapy in the “troubled-teen industry,” based on research he has conducted as a student at Goddard College.
A client of Straight, Incorporated fromhe is associate producer of the upcoming documentary film, Surviving. Select one: a. prudence b. fortitude c.
justice d. temperance Which of the following sources of leader power refers to the leader’s capacity to punish followers. Select one: a. legitimate power b. reward power c. coercive power d. expert power The following words may relate to the concept of reward power EXCEPT: Select one: a.
recognition. The American Temperance Society was organized in Bythe temperance movement had over one million members, largely comprised of New England evangelicals from the Baptist, Congregationalist, Methodist, and Presbyterian churches This surge in prohibitionist sentiment is related to religious revivalism of the Second Great Awakening.
Books, Toys, Games and much more. temperance movements, and globalization. The book also examines the social and sacred uses of rum and identifies the forces that shaped alcohol use in the Caribbean. It shows how levels of drinking and drunken deportment reflected underlying social tensions, which were driven by the coercive exploitation of Price: $ If a workman can conveniently spare those three halfpence, he buys a pot of porter.
If he cannot, he contents himself with a pint, and, as a penny saved is a penny got, he thus gains a farthing by his temperance. — Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations (), Book. In his book “Symbolic Crusade: Status Politics and the American Temperance Movement,” Joseph Gusfield described Prohibition as an example of “coercive reform.” According to Gusfield, coercive reform “emerges when the object of reform is seen as an intractable defender of another culture, someone who rejects the reformer’s.
The Destruction of the Tea and the Coercive Acts; Disaffection Women’s rights, temperance, health reforms, and a host of other efforts also came to the forefront during the heyday of reform in the s and s. Previous Next. Order a print copy. Citation/Attribution.
Want to cite, share, or modify this book. This book is. The cyclopaedia of temperance and prohibition: a reference book of facts, statistics, and general information on all phases of the drink question, the temperance movement and the prohibition agitation.
coercive legislation: debate in the Senate upon temperance by act of Parliament, with introductory remarks, opinions of the press, and. Temperance in its modern use is defined as moderation or voluntary self-restraint.
It is typically described in terms of what an individual voluntarily refrains from doing. This includes restraint from revenge by practicing non-violence and forgiveness, restraint from arrogance by practicing humility and modesty, restraint from excesses such as extravagant luxury or splurging by practicing.
Temperance is a positive card and basically tells you to not throw in the towel just yet. If you think there is a real emotional connection here, you will not mind putting in more effort. If you’re single, Temperance wants you to know that something may be blocking love from your life, as opposed to the tarot of the Lovers.
Temperance rhetoric and the temperance movement were the context in which [Franklin Evans's] author, the newspaperman Walter Whitman, first articulated what would later become the major issues of his careerLike Franklin Evans, Leaves of Grass imagines a stateless society, constituted in the public sphere through performative discourse.
The significant difference is that the poetry. Temperance. 22K likes. TEMPERANCE is where exceptional vocal melodies, energetic Metal guitar riffing and symphonic atmospheres meet in perfect harmony!.
The word temperance is used in the King James Version of the Bible and it means self-control. Many times when used temperance refers to alcohol, but it can be used for anything. It can be for caffeine consumption, gluttony, thoughts, etc.
By ourselves we have no self-control, but temperance is one of the fruits of the Spirit.Temperance definition: If you believe in temperance, you disapprove of drinking alcohol.
| Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples.This book (which continues as a best seller on the substance abuse and addiction lists) is the classic statement of the antidisease point of this chapter, Stanton reviews the history of attitudes towards alcohol in the United States, from widespread and generally unproblematic drinking in Colonial America, to a century of warfare between temperance and nontemperance forces.


Wednesday, August 9, 2006
Exabyte Adds Fibre Channel Support
Boulder, Colorado-based Exabyte has added Fibre Channel support to the firm's LTO tape library. Exabyte, which is a manufacturer of tape backup and recovery systems, said this week that its Magnum 224 LTO Tape Library now supports the popular Fibre Channel storage networking interface. The Magnum 224 LTO Tape Library is targeted at SMB and departmental applications, and supports a single LTO-3 drive and a 12-cartridge magazine. Exabyte said that the library is available for $7850 estimated street.


No results found for 'subject:"Miles Davis Quintet"' in this library
Miles Davis Quintet on Wikipedia
The Miles Davis Quintet was an American jazz band from 1955 to early 1969 led by Miles Davis. The quintet underwent frequent personnel changes toward its metamorphosis into a different ensemble in 1969. Most references pertain to two distinct and relatively stable bands: the First Great Quintet from 1955 to 1959; and the Second Great Quintet from late 1964 to early 1969, Davis being the only constant throughout.
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LÂM MINH TRUNG
- Tạp chí quốc tế
1. Lam Minh Trung (2017), The current and Recommendation to the logistics sector in Ho Chi Minh City, Asia Pacific Economic Review 499, 41-47.
2. Lam Minh Trung(2017), Corporate Culture and its awareness in tourism small and medium-sized enterprises in Dong Thap province Vietnam, Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR), Vol.
3, Iss. 11, 2017, pp. 247-255. ISSN 2454-1362. 3. Lam Minh Trung (2017), Exploring the practice and application of strategic management in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Dong Thap province of Vietnam, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Vol. 8, Iss. 10, 2017, pp. 1067-1072. ISSN 2229-5518.
4. Trung Minh Lam(2021), Exploring the Awareness and Perceptions of Key Stakeholders Towards Sustainable Tourism Development in Mekong Delta, Vietnam, Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business (JAFEB) Vol.8 No.4. DOI Electronic ISSN: 2288-4645 Print ISSN: 2288-4637.


Alexander Markin was born in Moscow in 1974, where he studied literature and linguistics. He then appeared as a writer, translator (of Thomas Bernhard, Alfred Döblin, Theodor Lessing) and literary critic. He has lived in Zurich since 2004 and is currently a lecturer at the University of Zurich and the Zurich University of the Arts. In addition to his comparative and literary-critical articles, he writes diaries, which have already been published in three volumes and have won several awards. Most recently, his essays on Russia were published in the anthology “Im Krieg. Ukraine. Belarus. Russland” (ed. by Gleb Albert, Brigitta Bernet, Svenja Goltermann et al.).


Our current featured author is called Alice Williams. Kismet is celebrating Alice’s long, intense, and ultimately successful journey, as a now newly self-published author and an ever-healthier sufferer of Bipolar 1. “Zero to Sixty: My Lifelong Journey with Bipolar 1” is Alice’s own naked re-telling of persevering through darkness of incest, depression, and suicide attempts.
Alice was finally diagnosed with Bipolar 1 disorder in her thirties with the help of her wife Dr. Samantha Olson.
Her memoir’s release is especially timely as March 30th is World Bipolar Day, April is National Counseling Awareness Month and May is National Mental Health Month. Millions of people suffer in silence with an undiagnosed mental health illness or under the continual stigma that comes with mental illness. Kismet is proud to have helped Alice bring her own mental health journey to publication so that she can share her own light on these issues. As she says in the interview below, her… “…hope is that at least one person will read my book and find one thing that helps them deal with their disease.”
About the Author:
After growing up Mormon in Washington State, Alice moved to California where she worked as a Respiratory Therapist, then to Montana to be an RN. In Billings, she met her beautiful wife of 28 years, Dr. Samantha Olson. Alice has written and published one weight loss book and taught both CPR and smoking cessation classes. She also edited and published her own monthly pet magazine while training several onery dogs. This is her first memoir.
I know now that when I was growing up, I had bipolar I and was switching from suicidal depression to mania. I remember things just looked dark. Things in my mind were clouded. I still functioned but I was sad. I thought everybody felt like that. Why would I tell anybody? I would be very happy but then I would go dark again. I know now that the darkness was severe depression, and my excited, happy mood was mania.
I missed a lot of school cuz I couldn’t deal with it. I would steal away from family at the family functions or if I went, I would have to stay in a corner and not talk to anybody. This was easy cuz I was a kid, and I didn’t have to talk to anybody. It was normal to not talk. I had to go to church so I would be very quiet because I would be overwhelmed.
Looking back on my life, my childhood and teenager years, I was switching and mostly depressed. Mom tried to have me go to a Mormon Church counselor, but I thought I might be gay. I was scared they might shun me and my family or they might shoot me. Mom knew that I was depressed but I wouldn’t go to anybody so she just dealt with it as best she could.
“Zero to Sixty is the inspirational, first-person account of how a person with severe mental illness navigated a life plagued by the darkness of suicidal depression interspersed with bouts of mania. Ultimately the author achieves stability and a more realistic and positive view of herself – acknowledging her strengths and value to herself and others. This book is for anyone who wants to better understand bipolar illness from an insider’s view. Alice is a talented and down-to-earth writer who tells it “like it is,” without embellishment or guile. An enjoyable read!”
Janet M. Roberts, PhD, Licensed Clinical Psychologist
A short Interview with Alice:
Do you have a hobby beyond writing? Stained glass. In fact, the book cover features a graphic of one of my own pieces.
What got you started writing? I have written most of my life. First it was my weight loss book, then the pet magazine and now this book. I have always written in a journal to calm my nerves and organize my thoughts. Now I realize it is like in the Harry Potter books with Dumbledore and his “pensive”. When his head gets too full of thoughts, he simply takes the thoughts out of his head so he can look at them later. That is what journaling and writing is to me – my own “pensive”.
What was the most difficult part /easiest part of writing your memoir? The most difficult part of this was writing through the severe depression which came and went. I would only be able to write a paragraph or two at a time. I had a goal that I would sit down and write something 3 times a week.
What inspired to write your memoir? I know that I have had problems dealing with the bipolar 1 disease. If I had problems, I had to believe there were others out there also struggling with bipolar 1. My hope is that at least one person will read my book and find one thing that helps them deal with their disease.
What do you try to explore in your writing? How to deal with my illness and try to make sense of my severe mania and suicidal depression by getting it down on paper.
How did you know you wanted to be a writer? I always wanted to be a writer, although early on I didn’t know what to call it. I just wrote in my journal and thoroughly enjoyed it. In 6th grade I wrote a short story and a poem. The teacher really praised me then put my work on the blackboard. If you read the book, you’ll see I never got praise. It was there and then that I was going to write the rest of my life. Even now I don’t label myself as a writer, I just write.
If you’d like more information about mental health, the following 2021 mental health awareness calendar lists events by month, week, and day.


Daily Social Studies Activities
One of the most obvious "every day" tool for social studies teachers is one that many already use -- the daily newspaper. Teaching students how to read a daily newspaper is an essential skill for developing lifelong learners. Most local papers have online versions of their daily edition that can be accessed at no cost. Consider combining this with the activity listed below where students follow an event over time.
US Newspaper List:
Find newspapers throughout the country as well as news stations.
News and Newspapers Online:
Instant access to news and newspapers through out the world.
New York Times Learning Network:
This newpaper provides teachers with some amazing resources: daily lesson plans, (archive or past lesson plans) a daily news quiz, crossword puzzles, and more.
Infoplease Daily Almanac / Facts Behind the News:
Each day there will be a new list of websites to use for gathering more information on a news topic.
Other daily activites for social studies:
On this Day / New York Times Learning Network:
Here, students will find a dozen or so news headlines for each day. The headlines date back to the 1800s. Students will also find a list of living people who are celebrating birthdays on the day. An archive enables students to search for news headlines for any date.
This Day in History from the History Channel:
This Web site provides historical headlines for each day of the year. Video clips relating to historic events can be downloaded from the archive of the History Channel. The reports on this site are a bit more detailed than those found on most other sites; each event is explained in a paragraph rather than in a simple headline statement. Birthdays and hit songs for the date are included. A search engine enables students to search for any date. The site also includes links to special pages that highlight This Day in Automotive History, This Day in Civil War History, and This Day in Stock Market History.
Yahoo?s This Day in History:
A headline event from each date is highlighted and briefly explained. Then Yahoo provides links to the archive of the History Channel for additional events.
Today in History from the Library of Congress:
This daily page is perfect for high-school history classes. It offers in-depth coverage of a couple of stories each day. The best part is that each story links to the vast collection of historical documents and photographs that are part of the Library of Congress's American Memory collection.
Today in History from TheHistoryNet:
This site is a great resource for world history teachers, because events from throughout the millenium are highlighted here. The site also offers a daily, self-correcting quiz question (simple registration required) and a daily picture related to news headlines in history.
Those Were the Days:
Have students click on a date to read about a dozen events highlighted and explained in a few brief statements. Also included are the day's birthdays (of current and historical people) and music chart toppers over the years.
Any Day in History:
Click on any date to link to a long list of births, deaths, events, and holidays and other observances associated with that date.
42Explore by Annette Lamb
This is a thorough overview of quality sites on the Internet for Social Studies. Social studies topics include history, community, sociology, psychology and many other related areas.
American Journeys contains more than 18,000 pages of eyewitness accounts of North American exploration, from the sagas of Vikings in Canada in AD1000 to the diaries of mountain men in the Rockies 800 years later.
American Notes: Travels in America, 1750-1920 (American Memory Project)
American Notes: Travels in America, 1750-1920 comprises 253 published narratives by Americans and foreign visitors recounting their travels in the colonies and the United States and their observations and opinions about American peoples, places, and society from about 1750 to 1920.
Complete index to and partial text and audio database of the 100 most significant American political speeches of the 20th century.
Biography Search at Biography.com
Colonial and Revolutionary America
Cornell Library Historical Monographs:
A collection of selected monographs with expired copyrights chosen from a variety of disciplines. These were monographs that were brittle and decaying and in need of rescue.
Digital Book Index:
History and Social Studies at EDsiteMent, a Marco Polo partner.
Text of the Bill of Rights:
Words and Deeds in American History (Library of Congress American Memory)
Aproximately 90 primary documents from the 15th to the mid 20th century.
A Chronology of US Historical Documents (University of Okalahoma Law School)


My Favorite Thing is Monsters
by Emil Ferris
Set in Chicago in the 1960s, My Favorite Thing is Monsters is presented as the illustrated journal of Karen Reyes, who is investigating the death of her neighbor. Emil Ferris uses her love of old horror and monsters as inspiration throughout this work. After contracting the West Nile virus, Ferris became paralyzed from the waist down and lost control of her right hand. She used this amazing work of art to teach herself to draw again at an average rate of two pages a day on a spiral bound notebook.
Honour Among Punks
by Gary Reed & Guy Davis
Published between 1989 and 1991, Honour Among Punks by Gary Reed & Guy Davis takes the world of Sherlock Holmes, with the class system and values of Victorian England, to the 20th century. World War I had a smaller impact, and World War II never occurred. While Adolf Hitler died an old man, a group of punks attempt to solve gruesome, Jack the Ripper style murders in this alternate world.
Beards of our Forefathers
by David Malik!
Beards of our Forefathers is a collection of David Malki!’s (yes, the ! is a honored part of his name) web comic strip, Wondermark. Malki! takes illustrations and engravings from 19th century books and turns them into hilarious comic strips. He dives into the weird world of offended jellyfish, sheep who hate ballet, and chimpanzees who wear spectacles.
by Warren Ellis
This cyberpunk, transhumanist comic book tells the story of the renegade gonzo journalist, Spider Jerusalem, who dedicated himself to fighting the abuse of power of two United States presidents. Transmetropolitan, a 90s comic, rings surprising true to this day. It will make your stomach turn and your brain melt.
by Brian Chippendale
Brian Chippendale’s graphic novel Puke Force is a dystopian, hilarious work of satire. He takes on the narcissism of social media, governmental propaganda, racism, and our culture of violence by confronting the right and left with equal brutally. His chaotic illustrations allow the characters to bicker and celebrate in full force. This is a masterpiece of lo-fi storytelling.
Love that Bunch
by Aline Kominsky-Crumb
Chronically the thoughts and desires of a woman coming of age in the 1960s, Aline Kominsky-Crumb created a pioneering work of feminist cartooning in Love that Bunch. She pours her darkest secrets and deepest insecurities in a work of self-destructive and grotesque humor confidently telling her story, her way.
The Encyclopedia of Early Earth
by Isabel Greenberg
Taking place before recorded history, this forgotten civilization thrived. The Encyclopedia of Early Earth by Isabel Greenberg, chronicles the explorations of a young man as he paddles from the North Pole to the South Pole to meet his true love. However, their ill-fated romance prevents them from ever making physical contact.
by Elenor Davis
Why Art? details the necessity of art by blending philosophy, humor, and emotion. The odds are stacked against those who pursue a career in the arts; however, for some that is the only path. Elenor Davis forces us to ask: Why art? Why seek it out? Why do we have an emotional response to it? Why does the world need it? Beginning as a guidebook, it morphs into a visual narrative that puts the future of humanity in the artist’s hands.
by Richard McGuire
Here by Richard McGuire is a ground-breaking comic about a room and the events that have happened over the course of hundreds of thousands of years. The focus is placed on the ordinary and mundane. McGuire focuses on what has happened HERE. The interactive eBook version even allows the scenes to be shuffled and reshuffled leading to a new narrative that can weave together the dinosaurs and a child’s toy.
by Marjane Satrapi
Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi is a graphic autobiography depicting her childhood to adult years in Iran during and after the Islamic Revolution. This unforgettable portrait of her daily life during the overthrow of the Shah’s regime, the success of the Islamic Revolution, and the devastating effects of the war with Iraq, leaves the reader feeling, sometime more than they would care to.
by Art Spiegelman
The first graphic novel to win a Pulitzer Prize, Maus by Art Spiegelman depicts Spiegelman interviewing his father and his experience as a Polish Jew and Holocaust survivor. This postmodern masterpiece represents the Jews as mice, the Germans as cats, and the Poles as pigs. Guilt, racism, family, history, and anxieties permeate through this work classified as a memoir, fiction, autobiography, and history. This is a MUST READ!
Did I miss any great works? Do you agree or disagree with my list? Let’s debate in the comments.
Background From the 1600s to the 1700s, the Baroque style rapidly spread from Rome throughout Europe. While the Renaissance is defined by a sense of harmony, stability, and realism; Baroque art is known for highly dramatized, intense, and ornate works of art. During...
What is Bauhaus? Bauhaus literally translates to “construction house,” and was founded by Walter Gropius in the early 1920s, and was closed in 1933 due to Nazi occupation. To this day, we see, feel, and experience the profound influence this school had on everything...
Video games are a great way to destress after a long day from school or work. I started playing video games since elementary school, ranging from the Super Mario bros on the Gameboy Advance to Counter Strike on the PC. In this list, I focus on PC games that I’ve loved...


Our next speaker Dr. Kim Wagner is a professor of Global History at Queen Mary University, London.
Dr. Wagner’s research explores the forms and functions of violence and cultural (mis-)understanding within British and other imperial formations, and between the Western and the non-Western Worlds more generally.
His work has largely focussed on key conflicts and turning-points in the history of British India, and especially on indigenous resistance, involving ‘Thugs’, rebels, ‘fanatics’, or nationalists. In his recent book, The Skull of Alum Bheg: The Life and death of a Rebel of 1857 (Hurst/OUP/Penguin India, 2017), He sought to recover the experience of an Indian rebel through a critical reading of the colonial archive ‘against the grain’.
His latest book on the Amritsar massacre of 1919 relies on the concept of ‘thick periodization’ to demonstrate how colonial anxieties, originating in the ‘Mutiny’ of 1857, shaped the British interpretation of unrest, and, crucially, dictated the levels of violence required to suppress it. This work speaks directly to current debates on the legacies of Empire, and especially the calls for reparations, repatriation and the decolonization of museums and universities in the West.


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Wednesday, December 2, 2009
Library Dining Rooms
Everyone loves a great collection of books. When we have visitors, they spend a lot of their time checking out each and every book we have in our collection — there are so many things about the feel of libraries that make us want to stay there forever. So why not combine a place we go every single day, with a place we never want to leave?
Check out some more great examples of Library Dining Rooms.
Thanks to Apartment Therapy.


Calling all book lovers! Turn your hobby into a social activity as you join like-minded peers to discuss our book of the month. Book club members will work together to chose their book of the month and copies will be provided to all participants.
Book 1: The Clockmakers Daughter by Kate Morton
Book 2 & 3: TBD by group
When: Mondays at 11 am
Group discussion dates: September 20, October 18, November 15
Location: Manor Meeting Space
Cost: Free, members only program
Registration is required. Please call 902-454-3351 or email email@example.com to register, and for more information.


The Publications Committee (formerly the Competence Committee) is responsible for researching, articulating, and publishing on:
- The nature and scope of quality optometric practice in Canada
- The competencies necessary for quality optometric practice in Canada
- The characteristics of excelling optometric practice in Canada
- The practice of optometry of the future
- And any other terminology that may be specified by the Board of Directors. In this, the Committee is expected to regularly consult with CEO-ECO’s Members, the provincial and national associations of optometry, the practising profession both nationally and internationally, and academics and researchers in optometry.


Timeline For The Life of Dr. Herbert M. Shelton
By: Victoria Bidwell
Much of this Timeline was excerpted from:
Jean Oswald's biography of Dr. Shelton:
“Yours For Health, etc.”
October 6th, 1895 Herbert Macgolfin Shelton, son of Thomas Mitchell Shelton
and Mary Frances Gutherie Shelton, is born during a wild Texas thunderstorm
He is 2 months premature, weighs less that 3 pounds, and is kept warm in a
wooden cigar box, near an iron stove, in a ramshackle farmhouse.
Young Herbert grows up with devoted Christian parents who will raise him
with much church attending, much Bible study, and much attention to
Scripture at home.
In his youth, others tell me, Herbert holds a love for The Lord. And he takes a
keen interest in animals, especially their habits when sick as compared to
when well. He was especially intrigued by their fasting when the farm animals
1901 The family moves to Greenville, Texas: these family patterns and Young
Shelton interests continue.
1911 Young Herbert begins his health-seeking career when he is attracted to
Bernarr Mcfadden's Physical Culture magazine, sitting on a newsstand. He is
introduced to articles on fasting for rejuvenation, weight training, and raw
He begins eating less cooked and more raw, fresh fruits, vegetables, and
nuts. At 5'8" and 145 pounds, he is a robust boy and begins lifting weights.
His father chides him for these interests; and for many years to come, he
discourages Young Shelton in his health seeking studies.
Only much later, when his asthma is debilitating him does Shelton's father
take an interest in his son's passion for natural healing.
His mother is supportive, however. From Macfadden's teachings, Young
Herbert soon seeks out Dr. Russell Trall's work and finds his landmark
treatise, The True Healing Art, which clearly outlines the stance of The 19th
Century Pioneering Hygienists.
Then Young Herbert moves on to study Presbyterian Minister Sylvester
Graham, The Father of Physiology and Temperance Lecturer.
1913 Young Herbert's last year of high school, he thoroughly introduces
himself to The 19th Century Medical and Hygiene-minded Doctors and
teachers of "drugless healing": Doctors Robert Walker, Felix Oswald, Charles
Page, Isaac Jennings, and Thomas Low.
Young Herbert experiments with a 3 day fast and reports, when finished,
feeling "energetic and rejuvenated." He graduates from high school in
Greenville, a shy and somewhat bashful boy when it comes to the girls.
1917 Herbert is put in jail for the very first time for making an anti-draft
statement in public. He is anti-war, anti-violence, and decidedly pro-pacifistic.
He is drafted and serves 10 months on KP duty or as a mechanic. He sends
his $20.00 a month home to Mary for safekeeping. He continues his self-study
of Hygiene during this time and comes to a conclusion: "The medical system
is the most dangerous of all."
He further studies Medical Doctors William Alcott, James Jackson, Mary Gove,
Harriet Austin, and John Tilden. And he deeply studies all the instances of
fasting in The Bible.
1919 Herbert attends Bernarr Macfadden's College of Physcultopathy in
Chicago and interns at Crane's Sanitarium in Elmhurst, Illinois, where he
receives clinical experience in fasting.
Crane's is 1 of 8 fasting institutes in The Nation, none of which are doing "Pure
Hygiene" and most of which are doing "The Nature Cure" complete with many
Then Herbert goes on to the Lindlahr College of Natural Therapeutics for post-
graduate work and serves at 2 more institutes: Dr. Lindlahr's and Sahler's
1921 Herbert, at age 25, marries Ida Pape, who is 21. They move to New York
City, where he attends the American School of Chiropractic. He graduates
from the American School of Naturopathy with a Doctor of Naturopath (N.D.)
and a Doctor of Naturopathic Literature (N.D. Litt.). He then takes various
teaching and interning and doctoring positions.
1922 Dr. Shelton, N.D., N.D. Litt., also takes another degree D.C. from the
American School of Chiropractic.
Dr. Herbert M. Shelton self-publishes his first book, Fundamentals of Nature
Cure. The Nature Curists do not accept the book, as it had too much Hygiene
Dr. Shelton then decides against the term, "nature cure" for 2 reasons: "Nature
is not engaged in curing disease. And the term 'nature cure' has been so badly
abused that it no longer had any settled meaning. Anything and everything
was included under the phrase."
At this point, only 27 years old, Dr. Herbert M. Shelton realizes that The
Hygienic Movement, launched in 1832 by Dr. Isaac Jennings and Sylvester
Graham is a separate and distinct health care system that must be purified and
then kept separate from all the alternative health care systems.
He is quoted as declaring: "we will bring clarity out of chaos. I will resuscitate
a dying movement. I will rebuild and synthesize the system of Hygiene.
Principles that are forgotten will be refurbished. A whole literature will be
salvaged. I will fan its glowing embers into a fierce flame."
He changed the title of this first book to An Introduction to Natural Hygiene.
Dr. Shelton continues post-graduate work at Peerless College of Chiropractic
in Illinois and an internship at Crandall Health School in Pennsylvania.
1924 Bernarr, a son, is born to Herbert and Ida.
1925 Dr. Shelton becomes a staff member of Macfadden's Physical Culture
magazine, a periodical with 1,000,000 circulation.
Shelton ghostwrites for Macfadden. He co-founds a magazine, How to Live,
with G.R. Clements, N.D.; but it folds. And he writes a daily column for the
New York Evening Graphic: his writing criticizes medical treatment and
arouses public controversy.
1927 Dr. Shelton has become, in past years, an avid student of Emerson and
Thoreau, The Transcendentalists.
During this time, his studies of religion, philosophy, and ethics and reason
lead him away from Biblical, Scriptural wisdom; and he declares himself an
When asked if he believes in God, he simply says: "Nobody knows." Dr.
Vetrano reports that he loved The Lord when he was young and at home with
his parents. And that he really knew his Scripture is evident when you read all
the Biblical allusions in his articles for Dr. Shelton's Hygiene Review.
Sometimes whole articles are centered around Scripture. And at times, he
would use Scripture to prove his point, to support his stance.
Yet at other times, he would quote Scripture and then twist it around in a
sarcastic way to show how ridiculous it was. Dr. Vetrano reports that when
Shelton studied all the other schools of thought on religion, his strong,
Christian roots were pulled up by the voices of reason and logic in these other
His second son was named "Walden" in honor of Thoreau's pond of
inspiration in the woods.
At this time in 1927, Dr. Shelton is already being harassed in his Hygienic
practice by advocates of The Medical Mentality and by the police.
In 1927, Dr. Shelton is jailed for the first time for "practicing medicine without a
license" and is fined $100.00. This same year of 1927, a second arrest takes
place, under similar circumstances and with charges of $300.00.
His money is so tight this second time; he has to borrow to be released. Also,
in 1927, the New York Evening Graphic lets Dr. Shelton go because he will not
co-operate with their advertisement policies and insists on running an anti-
Still, during this time, Dr. Shelton's Hygienic practice grows; he is respected
and admired for his efforts. The third arrest also occurs, all in New York, for
"practicing medicine without a license."
The great irony is that Dr. Shelton would never "practice medicine". Still, that is
what the authorities call it when someone tells people how to live, how to
sleep, how to eat, and how not to take medicines.
1928 Herbert, Ida, Bernarr, and Walden move to San Antonio, Texas, where
they will open and close 7 schools, all named, "Dr. Shelton's Health School."
The first holds 12 guests. Eight others are operating in The United States, but
none offer Pure Hygiene.
In 1928, Dr. Shelton publishes Human Life Its Philosophy & Laws, wherein he
gives special credit to Sylvester Graham and Doctors Trall, Jennings, Walker,
and Page, and to the other Pioneering Hygienists.
1929 Daughter Willodeen is born to Herbert and Ida Shelton. The Great
Depression hits, and The Sheltons struggle to make ends meet. It is a struggle
that will be with them always.
1931 Dr. Shelton's 9th book is published: The Hygienic Care of Children. For
the last several years, Dr. Shelton has been active lecturing at colleges in
Texas and in Texas hotels.
The general public is enthusiastic, sympathetic, and appreciative to hear Dr.
Shelton's Health Message. Dr. Shelton is developing a following.
1932 Dr. Shelton is offered 8 times the salary he will make that year by a radio
station if he will just promote a laxative at the end of his program. Of course,
His wife has turned into a worker of all trades: child sitter and housekeeper,
School custodian and groundskeeper for the School. And Dr. Shelton,
himself, is often found changing beds and scrubbing floors.
By 1932, Dr. Shelton is lecturing internationally with hundreds attending his
events. He undertakes wide tours, across The Nation, speaking nightly
throughout the week, sometimes for as many as 7 hours of teaching in one
These lecture circuits will continue for the next 20 years in full force and then
taper off as the effects of Dr. Shelton's workaholism take their toll on his
nervous system and finally incapacitate his entire body.
In 1932, Dr. Shelton is jailed repeatedly, always for "practicing medicine without
a license" or for "lecturing and prescribing medicine" always with a fine
imposed, and always released.
Finally, he is found guilty and given 30 days in Rycker's Prison for violating
the Medical Practice Act. Young Dr. Esser takes over Dr. Shelton's practice.
And Shelton uses the time for fasting and continued work on his manuscripts.
1934 The 7 Volume Set known as "The Hygienic System" is put into print, from
1934 onward: The titles focus on the following: Orthobionomics (Economics
of Correct Living), Orthotrophy (Nutrition and Food Combining), Fasting,
Orthokinesiology (Corrective Exercise), Orthogenetics (Sexual Correctness),
Diseases, and Orthopathy (Correction of Specific Diseases).
1935 More books are put into print by Dr. Shelton: Syphilis: Werewolf of
Medicine and The Exploitation of Human Suffering.
1939 After 2 previous attempts to publish a magazine, both of which fold
within a year, Dr. Shelton's Hygienic Review, is published. This particular
magazine is inspired by Dr. Tilden's little periodical.
The Review is intended to continually teach The People about The 7 Stages of
Disease, to remind them of the health hazards of taking any medications, to
warn them about the dangerous practices of The Medicine Men, to thoroughly
expose them to "The Basic Requisites of Life" and to initiate them into the
strange and new world of... "Health by Healthful Living" with such a fervor that
they are excited to spread the revolutionary word.
Yearly subscriptions for the 24 to 32 pages a month are $1.00. Most of The
Hygienic Review is written exclusively by Dr. Shelton, although in later years,
he did bring in more authors, all of whom he carefully edited.
A strict advertising policy of Pure Hygiene is instituted, but few advertisements
are taken in the first place. At its height, Dr. Shelton's Hygienic Review went
out to 1,900 Health Seekers. And the little magazine never turned a profit.
Following is Dr. Shelton's own statement about his Review:
"The monthly visit of the Review to one's home should serve as a strong
support. Wherever you are, you should not fail to acquaint the people with
whom you come into contact, with the better and more healthful way of life. Let
your light shine into all dark corners and do so without fear. All the progress
that has ever been made has been made by breaking with tradition and
branching out into new and untrodden fields. Humankind is subject to the law
of inertia. Men and women do not progress: they are pulled along. The few
drive the many along behind The Chariot of Progress. Every Hygienist should
get into The Chariot as a driver."
Dr. Shelton continually made essay statements on the inside of the front cover
of each Review for subscriptions, participations, and donations to fan the fires
of The Health Revolution.
1940 Dr. J.H. Tilden, who is best known for "The 7 Stages of Disease"
paradigm presented in his most famous book, Toxemia Explained, dies at age
89. He is the last, living link with The 19 Century Pioneers of Hygiene.
The work of the resuscitation and promulgation of Hygiene now falls entirely
on the shoulders of Doctors Shelton, Claunch, Esser, and Gian-Cursio.
Claunch dies in 1946 and Gian-Cursio in the last few years.
In 1941, Dr. Benesh moves from Chiropractic to Hygienic Doctor. Today, only
a few seasoned Hygienic Doctors of the last century remain in practice: Dr.
Vetrano, Dr. Benesh, Dr. Esser, and Dr. Scott, among a few others. And many
young doctors have stepped forward, some more Pure Hygienic than others.
1942 An amazing and inspirational book by Dr. Shelton is published: Health
for All. Like so many of his books, this book was out of print for many, many
years. It has just been made available once again.
In 1942, Dr. Shelton is brought to trial on a charge of "negligent homicide" for
starving a patient to death at Dr. Shelton's Health School and for "treating and
offering to treat a human being without a state medical license." Mrs. John
Gillis dies while under Dr. Shelton's care at his school. The case, however, is
never tried. The charges are dropped.
1943 Ghandi had long been inspired by Dr. Shelton's work, especially his
treatises on fasting. Ghandi, accordingly, invites Dr. Shelton to work and
study with him in India for a 6 year sabbatical.
Dr. Shelton was giving the Ghandi invitation serious consideration when
World War II forever interrupts their plans. Ghandi had referred to Volume III of
The Hygienic System throughout his fasting career: more than half of his 17
fasts were political in nature, protesting The British occupation of what should
have been a free India.
It was in 1943, also, that Dr. Shelton adopted the banner: "Let Us Have The
Truth though The Heavens Fall!"
1945 Dr. Shelton is kicked in the mouth by his stallion, and this marks the
beginning of his slowing down. His teeth are badly jarred, and he begins to
lose them, one at a time, over the years. This impairs some of his nutritional
1947 By this time, Dr. Shelton's Health School has moved into its 6th location.
Ida and Herbert have grown apart to a great degree. Both are becoming weary
of the mountains of work and pile of responsibilities.
During the 1940s & 1950s More Hygienic doctors arrive on the scene and are
arrested, as was Dr. Shelton. Many arrests and incarcerations take place. Dr.
Shelton speculates that the leaders of the 20th century Hygienic movement
were being oppressed and harassed with a greater ferocity and tenacity than
had The 19th Century Pioneers.
Opposition in the 19th century had not been so fully organized or relentless.
The American Medical Association had not grown into an octopus, with
tentacles reaching into so many government institutions, drug companies and
cartels, and minds and hearts of The People. Shelton had been seeing a need
for The Hygienists to unite for a long time.
1948 Vivian Virginia Vetrano, a young and beautiful woman who has
successfully pursued dancing as a career, discovers Natural Hygiene through
Dr. Shelton's book, Health for All.
She fasts at Dr. Shelton's Health School and is photographed many times for
Dr. Shelton's upcoming masterpiece on beauty, in which she is pictured
repeatedly and to whom the book, Human Beauty, is dedicated.
In 1948 A national society is formed by 8 men in New York City. It is called the
"American Physiological and Hygienic Society"
In 1949 The new organization is renamed: the "American Natural Hygiene
Society." 400 members join. Local chapters across The Nation are set up. Dr.
Shelton is made the first President.
In 1949 Dr. Shelton publishes Basic Principles of Natural Hygiene.
1956 Dr. Shelton is nominated on a 3rd party ticket at the Vegetarian Party
Convention in New York. I would like to quote from Jean Oswald's biography
of Dr. Shelton at this point:
"Although Shelton thought his nomination was comical, his followers who
nominated him were sincere. Both men and women continuously sought out
Shelton's leadership. He did not have to court the people. Those who knew
him respected him. Many adored and idolized him. And why not? Shelton
attracted men and women to him for a number of reasons. People sought his
friendship because of his intellect, his revolutionary work, his magnetic
presentations at his lectures, his handsome and athletic condition, and his wise
counseling and guidance. A person could not have picked a better associate.
Those close to Shelton considered themselves honored."
Dr. Vetrano adds to this portrait in a recent phone call. She describes Dr.
Shelton as "humorous, joking, playful, loving, and delightful to be around
because of the twinkle in his eye."
I was very glad to hear this. But I am still a bit puzzled. For when I read
Shelton and listen to him on tape, he sounds so angry so bitter so sarcastic
almost all the time. When I questioned Dr. Vetrano about this, she explained
that early in Dr. Shelton's lecturing, his wife told him to "Get mad." She and
others convinced him that he would have to show strong emotion to be a
Thus, Dr. Shelton adopted and polished his "persona." Here is another literary
term coming from the former English teacher that I am. A "persona" is the
character one takes in writing or speaking to make the most dramatic and
most powerful effect possible on readers and listeners.
"Mark Twain" for instance, was Samuel Clemens "persona." In effect, a
"persona" is "a false front" or "an act" one puts on for dramatic or comic or
endearing or teaching purposes.
I was relieved to hear that this man was not always going around angry as a
mad billy goat. He surely had me fooled. And over the years, I know he had
many of the GetWell Friends fooled, too, to the point that some just could not
read his works or listen to his tapes.
Still, there is no doubt he was passionate and that much of that front was real,
righteous indignation towards The Disease Industrialists and toward the
somnambulating masses, to boot. From the mid-1950s onward Vivian Virginia
Vetrano joins The Hygienic Cause, lecturing with Dr. Shelton, studying
intensively, and writing articles.
1958 Dr. Shelton publishes The Road to Health Via Natural Hygiene and
Human Beauty: Its Culture & Hygiene.
1959 A $50,000 grant from the originator of the Frito corn chip is used to build
a new school, so impressed was he with the benefits of his 30-day fast there.
The 7th Dr. Shelton's Health School opens on a hill that Shelton names "Mount
Hygeia" after the Greek goddess of Health. (It is Hygeia, herself, that is
pictured repeatedly on so many covers of Dr. Shelton's Hygienic Review.
The new and forever final Dr. Shelton's Health School is equipped to take 40
fasters and has separate sun solariums for nude sunbathing. By Dr. Shelton's
64th birthday, he had supervised 30,000 fasts and published over 30 books
and booklets. Among Health Seekers of the alternative bent, he is known
around the world for his Health Revolution efforts.
1961 Dr. Shelton publishes Rubies in the Sand.
1964 is "the 25th Anniversary" of Dr. Shelton's Hygienic Review.
1965 Vivian Virginia Vetrano is now Dr. Vivian Virginia Vetrano D.C., and she
chooses to work full time at Dr. Shelton's Health School. In time, she will study
in Mexico and also become recognized as an
1968 Dr. Shelton publishes Man's Pristine Way of Life.
1970 T.C. Fry discovers Natural Hygiene, as told in Common Health Sense
Issue #3. At a time when Dr. Shelton's health is failing and his Health Torch is
fading, T.C. enters the picture to do that which Dr. Shelton never tried: play
"The Bulk Mail Game."
Once T.C. is up and running with his magazines and as long as Dr. Shelton is
putting out The Review and has the School, Shelton advertises The Review
and School in T.C.'s literature.
Shelton's articles and ads, thus, frequently appear in Fry's publications. For
reasons I have never pursued to discover, however, Fry articles and
advertisements are never seen in Dr. Shelton's literature.
By 1972 Dr. Shelton is bedridden for the rest of his life. The symptoms of what
the medical world term "Parkinson's disease" have claimed the strong motor
skills of Dr. Shelton's once muscular and vibrant body.
The workaholism of his lifetime finally takes its toll. The myelin sheath that
surrounds and protects the nerves of the body can wear out. The subjective
experience is lack of motor control. Muscles atrophy, waste away. Strength is
lost. Movement is difficult.
Uncontrollable shakes appear, especially in the hands. Dr. Shelton's drive to
help The People with every ounce of Nerve Energy he had, his love for
Hygiene and his contempt for The Disease Industrialists combined, worked for
you and me and The People and against him. What must he have been
thinking? Surely, he knew where all that lack of "Energy Enhancers #4: Rest &
Sleep" over the decades was going to take him.
Why would he drive himself like that when he knew, better than all The Health
Seekers in the world, where it would take him?
Only if you have a compulsive/addictive personality yourself, can you begin to
understand a drive like this. Like T.C. Fry, Dr. Shelton certainly was not
practicing "Proverbial Wisdom."
Sweet sleep, in big doses, could have saved Dr. Shelton from riding out his life
from his bed another 13 years. Back in his 30s and 40s and 50s and 60s, Dr.
Shelton would have had to take another 4 to 6 hours a day for rest and sleep.
How many books would not have been written? How many lectures not
given? How many phone calls not made? How many Hygienic Reviews not
published? How many patients not supervised? The tangled web he weaved
for himself when he deceived himself all those years ended up making him a
deathbed cocoon from which he could not rise.
Dr. Shelton was left with legs that could not walk, left with hands that could
not write, and left with vocal cords that could not speak. All for the sake of The
Cause. Where, pray tell, Dear GetWell Friends, is the wisdom in that?
1974 Dr. Shelton publishes Fasting for Renewal of Life. This marks the end of
Dr. Shelton's handwriting career. He moves into a "dictation only" mode.
1975 Dr. Shelton, Dr. Vetrano, and many others set up 1,660 acres in Pearsall,
Texas, chartered to become "Sheltrano" an Hygienic Community and College.
It is a long story of intrigue and dark happenstance that takes place. And the
project finally folds with much loss to many.
1976 Vickey Bidwell, age 29, takes a 17 day fast at Dr. Shelton's Health School.
She never formally meets Dr. Shelton. But she does see 2 attendants take him
on walks, one on each side, holding him up, while he drags himself along. He
is extremely emaciated. He certainly does not look like he could hold onto life
another 19 years.
During these 17 days, Vickey studies Natural Hygiene. She meets Dr.
Vetrano. She studies Dr. Shelton's Hygienic System. And she receives her
calling to create Hygienic literature that it is absolutely inviting, lively, and fun.
1978 According to Jean Oswald in Yours for Health, "The biggest scandal in
the history of the practice of Natural Hygiene takes place." Dr. Shelton's Health
School takes in 49 year old Hal Conrad.
He is suffering with ulcerative colitis. The medical doctor orders a colostomy
and iliostomy, the cutting out of the large intestine, and a cutting in the
stomach area, and the wearing of a sack to collect fecal matter for the
remainder of life.
The details are long and many. He dies of a heart attack when rushed to the
hospital, and the wife sues for $890,000 on a charge of "negligence." For the
next 2 years, while in litigation, business at Dr. Shelton's Health School
booms. The School is filled to overflowing, and trailers are brought into to fill
the need. This is, no doubt, partly due to "T.C. Fry's Heydey" and his millions
of leaflets and publications going out across America.
Dr. Shelton's advertising in them pays off. By 1980, after running Dr. Shelton's
Health School single-handedly for 17 years, Dr. Vetrano decides to go her own
way and opens a health school in Brownsville, Texas.
Dr. Shelton's Health School goes under new management that does not last
long. The last issue of Dr. Shelton's Hygienic Review goes out in 1980. In
1983, the courts rule against Dr. Shelton and Dr. Vetrano, with no appeal
They are to pay the full $890,000 to the wife of the former Hal Conrad. Both
parties are completely bankrupted. Shelton even has to sell off his mighty
library of collected and cherished works of all The Hygiene Pioneers, whose
teaching he had drawn from so steadily and so heavily his entire life. They go
to the American Natural Hygiene Society library for safekeeping and are open
to members for in-house viewing.
A Summary of the activities of the American Natural Hygiene Society, begun by
The Prime Mover Dr. Herbert M. Shelton, from 1948 to 2000... A yearly
convention becomes the main event for the ANHS through the years, and
some 30 local chapters throughout the United States and the world are
By 1979, Dr. Shelton is quoted as saying, "The growth of the Society has been
disappointingly slow." In the 1980s, the 30 local, self-supporting chapters
throughout the United States are dissolved. From 1978 to the 1990s, The
ANHS establishes and then dissolves the Natural Hygiene Press.
During these early years, Shelton urges the Society to continue publishing
and marketing books. But most importantly, he also urges them to create an
ever-expanding army of Natural Hygienists who focus on making movies and
tapes and writing books to supplement the ANHS activities so that The People
could become more fully educated.
The ANHS prints a bimonthly, high-quality magazine, Health Science. Its
circulation, and thus membership, reaches approximately 9,000. It serves well
to announce ANHS yearly conventions and to market a limited number of
Hygiene classic books and numerous tapes, as well as to offer articles and
contacts from Hygienic practitioners and paraprofessionals.
The ANHS also sponsors several seminars yearly, and it is involved in many
other activities to promote Hygiene for The People. Its affairs are handled
responsibly and expeditiously. By the 1990s, the ANHS serves more as a life-
support system for Natural Hygiene, rather than as the vehicle through which
"The Great American Health Revolution" is successfully launched.
From 1980 until Dr. Herbert M. Shelton's death in 1985 Dr. Shelton continues to
dictate in a whisper, Hygienic teachings for The People, his vocal cords no
longer producing full power.
It should be noted that Dr. Shelton grew totally feeble in body but not in mind.
He worked with Jean Oswald to consult for her and Dr. Scott's upcoming
book, Fasting for the Health of It. He worked with Jo Willard and Jean Oswald
to write The Original Natural Hygiene Weight-Loss Diet Book, published
posthumously in 1986. He worked on various other projects to the end.
By: Victoria Bidwell, www.getwellstaywellamerica.com
Article: Timeline For The Life of Dr. Herbert Shelton


Public Health Science major, attend a Prospective Major Information Session!
Thursday, March 26th, 5:30PM, WEB DuBois 720(FULL)
- Thursday, March 26th, 5:30PM, WEB DuBois 1667 (15 Seats)
Monday, March 30th, 5:30PM, WEB DuBois 720(FULL)
- Wednesday, April 1st, 5:30PM, Morrill III Room 212
- Friday, April 10th, 3:30PM, Morrill III Room 212
- Wednesday, April 22nd, 5:30PM, WEB DuBois Library 720
If you would like to learn more about the major but are not ready to apply, go to the information session!
Bring your unofficial transcript, personal information page and a tracking form. Tracking form should be mostly filled out.
Click here for the application materials.


eBook Library 7.1Free
Manages your eBook library and keeps you focused on reading by dimming the text, highlighting only the area that you're currently reading.
Old versionsSee all
Many people have trouble finding a program that will help them read their favorite eBooks the way they want to. eBook Library is designed to be a reading companion, especially useful when you have to work against the clock.
Besides allowing you to create and organize your own collection of eBooks, eBook Library serves another important purpose. It helps its users increase their reading speed. It dims the entire text, thus helping you focus on a few words that you are currently reading.
Using this program can be a bit tricky and I had a few problems trying to set up the text that I wanted to read. You will need to save your book in a .txt file and manually remove all the unwanted text (like the intro or the table of contents). Then open the file using the "Choose new source" button and the application will start to automatically parse your text, so that you can start reading.
The most noticeable improvement in the latest version of eBook Library is the optimization that drastically decreases the parsing time that the program requires. Another novelty that brings a plus in functionality is the replacement of the "dim text" check box with a slider.
While testing eBook Library, I discovered a few things that I actually liked. First of all it allows you to adapt the program to your reading speed by chaining the highlighting speed. Another plus is the capability of the program to approximate how long it will take you to finish the entire book.
In conclusion, eBook Library is a program that I didn't like very much as it has some major drawbacks. It doesn't allow you to make the entire text completely visible and it doesn't show the number of the lines you select. So, I would only recommend this application to those who specifically want to improve their reading speed.
- Automatically parses your books
- Estimates the time it takes to read any book
- Customizable reading speeds
- Requires you to manually remove the parts of the text you don't want to read
- Doesn't show the number of the lines that you select, so if you want to resume reading from a certain point you will have to count by yourself
- Doesn't allow you to make the text completely visible


The Dingle /Corca Dhuibhne History Timeline is a community driven project that sets out to put in place, for the first time online, access to the history of Corca Dhuibhne from the Mesolithic period to modern times. And is intended for a wide range of readership, including students, tourists, local people and all interested in our local and national heritage. Also, each historical event has been referenced to provide routes to further study. The first three phases of this project from the first man to 1900AD is available now, on this website and the final sections will be released when they are complete.
The Dingle Peninsula also known as Corca Dhuibhne has a rich and fascinating cultural social and political history which is connected to the wider history of Ireland and Europe. The Dingle /Corca Dhuibhne History Interactive Timeline in collaboration with, academics and local historians and photographers and local volunteers, have gathered together data and organized it in summary form allowing for ease of access and routes to further study. The timeline layout has been amended by Keith Buchanan and Cathal Cudden from the original by Conor Hurley.
The Timeline is extensible. It can be added to, as data becomes available or as more historians wish to contribute to it. The information on each event is presented in short summaries , most of which will be linked to a geographic location. This will make for a fully immersive experience for the user of the Timeline and exciting development for anyone interested in heritage history archaeology folklore and culture.
The Timeline is available in English and Irish
The committee involved in the development of the timeline comprises Joan Maguire, Nuala O Connor, Fr. Jim Sheehy, Dr. Conor Brosnan and Micheál Ó Coileáin.
The committee would like to thank the following people for their input:
Contributors/Staraí: Dr. Paul Mac Cotter, Dr. Declan Downey, Siobhán Ní Chorchora MA, Micheál de Mordha, Dónal O Sullivan, Dan Graham, Tony O’ Callaghan, Ted Creedon
Editing: Peter Malone
Aistriúcháin: Breándán Mac Gearailt, Msgr, Padraig Ó Fiannachta, Brenda Ní Shuilleabháin
Audio/Fuaim: Ted Creedon, Dairena Ní Chinneide, Áine Ní Bhric, Brenda Ní Shuilleabháin
Photography/Ghrianghrafadóireacht: Valerie O Sullivan, Declan Malone, Tom Fox, Cyril Harrington, Bernd Thee
Parts of Video for FunDit campaigh: Áine Ní Dhúshláine
Readers/Leitheoirí: Tom Fox, Laura Murtagh, Fergal Ó Dálaigh, Orna Dunleavy, Kevin O Shea, Des Mc Quaid
Advice and support/Comhairle agus tacaíócht: Dr. Breándán Ó Ciobháin, Dr. Pádraig Ó Macháin UCC, Donnchadh Ó Corráin, Dr. John O’ Mullane UCC
Assistance/Cabhair: Chris Norveil, Mattie Connolly Barker, Aoife Maguire, Kathleen Reen
Timeline layout : Conor Hurley Website design/Dearadh an suíomh: Lorraine Doyle Keith Buchanan
Msgr. Pádraig Ó Fiannachta Beannacht Dé ar a h-anam dílis for his work in An Díseart, which created fertile ground for this to develop.
Our sponsors and all the people who contributed to the FundIT campaign.


A complex systems view of climate and development issues in South African coal power expansion
Keywords:complexity studies; climate mitigation; social justice; coal-fired power; electricity sector
The implementation of climate change policy in South Africa inevitably requires decision-makers to navigate issues of development. This paper explores some of the implications of this requirement by examining the case of a proposed new independent coal-fired power producing plant, Khanyisa, in the province of Mpumalanga from the perspective of complexity studies, an emerging transdisciplinary field. Complexity thinking re-casts the Khanyisa project in a whole-system view, encouraging an active consideration of scale, perspectives, different knowledges, and cumulative impacts. In so doing, tensions both between and within dimensions of climate mitigation and development are quickly revealed, a complexity which is theorised in complexity studies as the raw material for systemic transformation. This whole-system conceptualisation also undermines incremental and relative arguments that Khanyisa mitigates greenhouse gas emissions. Further, the complex systemic property of non-linearity suggests that the Khanyisa decision is more significant than its power generation capacity indicates. Attention to the conceptual simplification inherent in ‘development’ highlights what is lost through such simplification, as well as what is gained, and by whom. Finally, complexity thinking foregrounds the multiple scales at which the systemic climate mitigation and development implications of Khanyisa play out. Currently there is very little policy-making capacity nationally, regionally or in eMalahleni to look at alternatives, or ‘spaces of possibility’ through the complexity lens for both development and climate mitigation. This case argues that new policy processes are needed, which go far beyond policy and regulatory processes steeped in path dependencies and incrementalism.
• The case reveals the complex entanglement of climate and development issues as raw material for systemic transformation.
• A whole system and scalar conceptualisation, paying attention to non-linearities, and the exercise of power through simplifications suggest productive areas of focus for policymakers
• New policy processes are needed, which go far beyond policy and regulatory processes steeped in path dependencies and incrementalism.
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Aurecon (2012). Environmental and social impact assessment report: Khanyisa coal fired power station, eMalahleni, Mpumalanga. Volume 1 of 4.
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Burton, J. 2011. The role of industrial policy in pursuing climate change mitigation objectives in South Africa. Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Cook, A. P. and Lloyd, P. J. D. 2012. The estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from South African surface and abandoned coal mines. Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 112(12): 1087–1090.
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Emalahlni, Mpumalanga Province.
Department of Environmental Affairs of South Africa. 2015. Amendment of the environmental authorisation issued on 31 October 2013 for the proposed construction of 450MW Khanyisa coal fired power station in Emalahlni, Mpumalanga Province.
Department of Environmental Affairs of South Africa. 2012. Integrated Environmental Authorisation, construction of 450MW Khanyisa coal fired power station and associated infrastructure in Emalahleni, Mpumalanga Province.
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Ismail, Z. and Khembo, P. 2015. Determinants of energy poverty in South Africa, Journal of Energy in Southern Africa, 26(3): 66-78. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2015/v26i3a2140
Kurtz, C. F. and Snowden, D. J. 2003. The new dynamics of strategy: Sense-making in a complex and complicated world. IEEE Engineering Management Review, 31(3): 110–130. http://doi.org/10.1109/EMR.2003.24944
Laisani, J. and Jegede, A. O. 2019. Impacts of coal mining in Witbank, Mpumalanga province of South Africa: An eco-legal perspective. Journal of Reviews on Global Economics, 8: 1586-1597.
McCall, B., Burton, J., Marquard, A., Hartley, F., Ahjum, F., Ireland, G., and Merven, B. 2019. Least-cost integrated resource planning and cost- optimal climate change mitigation policy: Alternatives for the South African electricity system. Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. Retrieved from http://www.erc.uct.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/ images/119/Papers-2019/Alt IRP final 07022019_2.pdf.
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Patel, L. and Graham, L. 2012. How broad-based is broad-based black economic empowerment? Development Southern Africa 29(2): 193-207. DOI: 10.1080/0376835X.2012.675692
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How to Cite
Copyright (c) 2021 Emily Tyler, Brett Cohen
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright remains with the author(s).
Publishing rights remain with the author(s)
All articles published in JESA can be re-used under the following CC license: CC BY-SA Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


Abby Hasberry joins us to talk about the importance of adult transracial adoptees developing a positive racial identity. We can’t develop that as children (nor as adults) when racial mirrors and cultural experiences are nonexistent. Abby shares some tools and strategies we can use to do this work of racial reclamation, and she addresses a common fear and question, “but is this cultural appropriation?”.
Are you a White parent raising a Black child? Wondering how to talk with them about the realities of race and what that means in the world? Dr. Nanika Coor talks with therapist Abby Hasberry to hear what White parents need to know about raising a Black child to have a healthy racial identity. You’re going to hear about how to prepare your Black child for the realities of racism, how to help them process when they are personally impacted.
A Conversation About Racial Identity Development, Trauma, & Relationships
In anticipation of the release of her memoir, Adopting Privilege: Finding Identity through the Fog of Transracial Adoption & Trauma. Abby joins us to discuss her experiences with closed adoptions as an adoptee and a birth parent. Using her research on identity development and her experience as a trauma-informed therapist, Abby examines the mental health effects of policies in closed adoption.
Monarch Connections presents Black female change makers and their stories
A great conversation about the complexities of reunion and adoption from both the adoptee and the birth mom perspective. This talk also includes great tips in creating boundaries and centering the needs of the adopted person.
Dr. Hasberry shares her experiences developing her racial identity as a transracial adoptee.
When a child has an anxiety disorder, parents are tasked with finding the best therapeutic fit, navigating the child’s academic experience, teaching their child to understand their needs and then advocate for them, and not forgetting to take care of themselves as people, not only as parents. Abby Hasberry, LMFT-A, shares her experience as a counselor and a mom, and offers resources for parenting kids with anxiety disorders.


Netflix for Students: In terms of variety, nothing can match Netflix’s massive library. But Netflix movies and series aren’t just for fun.
They can also be a valuable learning tactic for a student looking to expand their knowledge. If you are in the mood for high-quality teaching material, you are in luck!
We collect the best series and film tips for students, which is a real gem. Whether you want to explore far-flung places or learn more about history, there is something for everyone.
Top 6 Movies Recommendation for Students on Netflix
It’s easy to hide in the huge library. However, if you need training materials for an academic job, you should rely on programs with great learning potential.
It’s a great way for a student to find inspiration to write.
With all of the college homework and tight deadlines, many students seek help writing essays.
If you too get stuck in your job and need more time to research your material, you can use this service to write essays.
That way, the role ends sooner and you can start watching the Netflix series. Below is a list of the best students to watch on Netflix. Netflix for Students
Are you interested in what happens outside of our world? Would you like to imagine what life is like on different planets in the universe?
By applying the natural laws of the earth, scientists are showing how the rest of the galaxy works.
This is great advertising and study opportunity for a student who wants to learn more about the vastness of space.
Secrets of the Saqqara Tomb
Archaeologists have discovered an ancient grave that has been intact for 4,400 years. Now the best experts are trying to decipher its history and reveal all its secrets.
Netflix for Students: It’s one of the most popular documentaries on Netflix in 2021.
With this film, a student can take a closer look at human miracles. It allows students to broaden their learning perspectives and understand human ingenuity.
All of those solar cars, underwater robots, and sustainable cities make this one of the most practical student movie proposals on Netflix 2021.
The Social Dilemma
This Netflix documentary sheds light on the problems with social media platforms and the downloads they create.
How it manages its users, collects data, and influences pop culture. Put simply, it targets everything that happens on the internet and sticks to real evidence.
The show shows an accurate picture of our lives since social media became the norm.
Our Planet: Behind the Scenes
Experts have spent years of their lives taking stunning photos of creatures on earth. Now they are giving viewers one final look at everything that is happening on our planet.
With a little drama and interesting information, students can get a better picture of every corner of our world.
My Octopus Teacher
Would you like to explore the world of the oceans? This documentation takes a completely different approach than you are used to.
Instead of just shooting the animals that live their lives, the director kisses an octopus that lives in the South African region.
The single-story can help students study marine life and the various organisms in seawater.
It took years for the creator to put this material together, which made it a truly unique experience.
As a student, you’re looking for fun ways to expand your knowledge. However, browsing the Netflix library can be a real problem. Especially with so many films, shows and series.
That’s why we picked these great learning options. Anyone can learn something from the exploitation of strange worlds, ancient stories, and even social dilemmas. Choose the one that best suits your interests.


Lekker Afrikaans 6 (Grade 6)
- 88 Pages
- 2 Pages Per Day
- Time: 12 Weeks
The Lekker Afrikaans series of workbooks were written by South African schoolteachers for their second language Afrikaans learners and have been used very successfully and enjoyed by South African homeschoolers.
- The books are divided into several Each theme contains;
- A story around which the theme is based
- Comprehension exercises
- Spelling and dictation
- Grammar and vocabulary exercises
- Art and other fun activities
- Oral activities
- Writing exercises
There are also regular revision tests.
To help second language Afrikaans learners, there are helpful hints in English along with the Afrikaans instructions.