The Arts and Crafts design style embodies more than just interior or even architectural design; it was a a movement that flourished between 1860 to 1910, going even until the 1930's, that advocated for a reform against the industrial. It stood for both economic and social reformation, a return to traditional craftsmanship and the decorative arts In this book cover, the repetition of a vine motif creates a pleasing and luxurious pattern. Arts and Crafts' Principles in Interior Design: Thomas James Cobden-Sanderson, Book Binding, 1884, The Morgan Library & Museum, New York, USA. 6. Find inspiration in beautiful and stylized art from the past Y ou may have noticed that the Arts and Crafts movement is having a bit of a moment, with some of today's naturalistic wallpapers and fabrics, rustic furniture and pared-back interiors seeming to have their roots in this style. Spanning 1860 to 1920, Arts and Crafts was a celebration of simple, honest craftsmanship. It was a reaction against mass production and the excesses of Victorian. More interior design inspiration is also being taken from nature. People are seeking refuge from the hustle and bustle of daily life by bringing beauty and creativity to their homes. As such, many designers have reworked archival prints into their new collections, bringing Arts and Crafts style into the modern world. Here's a few of our. Arts and Crafts in Interior and Exterior Design. The changes that took place in American interior design and garden design at the turn of the century were a result of the same forces that changed architecture-the desire of families, particularly women, to have simpler, more functional living spaces
Aug 27, 2013 - Explore Grid Dynamics LLC's board Art & Crafts Interiors on Pinterest. See more ideas about design, craftsman style homes, house design The Pomegranate Passage at Wightwick Manor in the West Midlands has one of the most complete surviving Arts & Crafts interiors. In 1861 William Morris founded the company Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co, later known as Morris & Co, which was to spread his pioneering design throughout the world
Arts and Crafts: design for the home. By the close of the 19th century Arts and Crafts had become the dominant style in the design of domestic interiors for the British middle and upper classes. Drawing on national and regional traditions, the Arts and Crafts home celebrated individual expression, simplicity and 'honest' forms The term Arts and Crafts refers to a broader social movement that encompasses not just architecture, but also interior design, textiles, fine art, and more. The design movement began as a revolt against the opulence of the Industrial Revolution, where design could be needlessly overdone. Arts and Crafts instead focused on the opposite. Dec 19, 2019 - Explore Amy Woods's board Arts and Crafts Period Decorating Ideas, followed by 548 people on Pinterest. See more ideas about arts and crafts, arts crafts style, arts and crafts movement Nov 14, 2016 - Inside rooms including living rooms, dining rooms, kitchens, bathrooms and porches. Also drapes, carpets and flooring. . See more ideas about craftsman style, craftsman style interiors, craftsman
Interior design is in your future, and the Centre for Arts and Technology, one of the leading interior design schools in Canada, will help take you there. Receive interior design training from our industry experts at one of the leading interior design schools in Canada. Providing you with the tools and training you need to start a career in. Morris & Co. and their publishing division Kelmscott Press contributed much of the work that is associated with the Arts and Crafts movement. The style is associated with many different types of design including architecture, typography, book printing, textile and interior design Interior of the Red House by Philip Webb and William Morris. Image Credit: Tony Hisgett/Wikimedia Commons. Exposed wood beams, fireplaces, and similar elements are major characteristics of the arts and crafts home. Naturally, these elements remind us of the modern farmhouse style. It's a look we expect to keep seeing in the coming years
Why it works: Arts and Crafts style is driven not only by clear design guidelines but by an entire canon of beliefs. It has a refreshing honesty and purity of spirit. Arts and Crafts interiors are full of heart and harmony, a holistic reflection of the ideals that gave rise to the style in the first place Arts and Crafts objects were produced in all media: metalwork, ceramics, glass, textiles and furniture. Architecture often provided a setting for a unified achievement in interior design. William Morris's Kelmscott Press inspired several adherents of the ACM to experiment with typography, with varied results. Painters contributed decoration. Home interiors in the style of the Arts and Crafts era. Gifts and homewares in designs by William Morris, Charles Rennie Mackintosh, CFA Voysey, John Henry Dearle, May Morris, William De Morgan, Frank Lloyd Wright, Gustav Klimt and Dard Hunter The Arts and Crafts Movement included fine art, architecture, design, and decorative arts like ceramics and furniture. It came about through the ideas of reformers like British artist and writer.
Designing an Arts & Crafts Garden. The Arts & Crafts movement left behind more than just the houses and decorative objects for which it is famous—it also bequeathed a rich legacy of gardens. The garden at Dumbarton Oaks is renowned for its blend of naturalism and formal elements, such as this view from the terrace overloooking Crabapple Hill Beginning in Britain around 1880, the Arts and Crafts movement was born from the values of people concerned about the effects of industrialization on design and traditional craft. In response, architects, designers, craftsmen, and artists turned to new ways of living and working, pioneering new approaches to create decorative arts
The projects are from students on the Interior Architecture BFA course at the Corcoran School of the Arts and Design at The George Washington University in Washington, DC, USA Art nouveau was heavily influenced by the fine arts and included stained glass, painting, bas relief and finely crafted wood and metal, both in architecture and interior design. I like to think of art nouveau as Lord of the Rings style (even though the books came much later), because the fine craftsmanship and natural forms remind me of what. Art, craft and design introduces participants to a range of intellectual and practical skills. It enables learners to use and understand the properties of a wide range of tools, machines, materials and systems. It provides children, young people and lifelong learners with regular opportunities to think imaginatively and creatively and develop. Arts and crafts period style. Arts and crafts (c.1860 to 1910) The arts and crafts movement was made up of English designers and writers who wanted a return to well-made, handcrafted goods instead.
The movement is admired for its use of high quality materials and for its emphasis on utility in design. The Arts & Crafts emerged in the United Kingdom around 1860, at roughly the same time as the closely related Aesthetic Movement, but the spread of the Arts & Crafts across the Atlantic to the United States in the 1890s, enabled it to last. Arts & Crafts architecture was so closely tied to interior design that the furniture and fittings of a house, even more than its external appearance, determine its place in the Arts & Crafts camp. Simple but sophisticated design and exquisite craftsmanship were hallmarks of the movement
Arts and Crafts Bathroom — Salt Creek Interior Design. Arts and Crafts. Bathroom Addition Wright and International Arts and Crafts. Pervasive and revolutionary the Arts and Crafts movement originated in England in the 1880s. Evolving from the theories and practices of the English Aesthetic movement and the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, it would become one of the most influential design movements of the modern age
The Arts and Crafts movement lasted from about 1880 through 1920. It was a revolution in the decorative and fine arts that focused on clean, simple lines in furniture and other home decor items. Though the movement began in England, it quickly spread through Europe and into America Interior designer Ben Pentreath turns his hand to an Arts and Crafts house The Duke & Duchess of Cambridge's interior designer Ben Pentreath turns his hand to an Arts and Crafts house. Giving each room its own personality, combining colour and texture with interesting pieces from different periods
7) Arts & Crafts. Using a lot of truthful materials like wood, stone, class, ceramic, and fabric, arts and crafts design represents what most would consider traditional style. A well-designed arts and crafts space will employ traits of both craftsman style and the bungalow style design . College. Camberwell College of Arts Start date. September 2021 Course length. 3 years UCAS code. W253. BA Interior and Spatial Design at Camberwell College of Arts covers a range of disciplines including architecture, art, furniture, interior and spatial practices Arts and Crafts Movement: Style. Because the Arts and Crafts Movement was as much about a reform philosophy as it was a specific type of design, there isn't a single set of unifying traits that. The projects are from students on the Interior Architecture MFA course at the Corcoran School of the Arts and Design at The George Washington University in Washington, DC, USA As the counter to industrialization and its many cheaply made products, the Arts and Crafts movement is all about quality. It favors handmade, unique design features and one-of-a-kind craftsmanship
'Arts and crafts' is a design movement and ethos that flourished between the period 1880 and 1920, this style influenced architecture and interiors in a way that is still in use today. Founded by John Ruskin and William Morris this style was birthed from a desire to revive the skill of craftmanship in a resistance against what the. Two design styles would develop as a direct result of the Second Industrial Revolution. These styles were the Arts and Crafts movement (1850-1914) and the constitutive Bauhaus Movement (1919-1933). The aesthetic influence of the Second Industrial was a major concern to both but where the Arts and Crafts movement rejected the machine age and all. Getting Started with Home Interior Design with Karan Fixter Ref: C2346103. Enrol online. We will learn how to create a themed mood-board specific to your creative ideas. We will learn how to better understand the principles of colour theory and how to mix colours that are not muddy. We will look at visualising our spaces with some basic drawing.
The rectilinear, simpler American Arts and Crafts forms came to dominate American architecture, interiors, and furnishings in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Today Stickley's furniture is prized by collectors, and the Stickley Company still exists, producing reproductions of the original Stickley designs The Arts & Crafts Movement: Concepts, Styles, and Trends Societies, Communities, and Exhibitions. Morris' success and his emphasis on vernacular and rural imagery inspired many others to create collective associations where groups of artists and artisans collaborated on designs in a wide variety of media The International Art & Design Competition takes place in this marvelous environment. The aim of the competition is to contribute to the revitalization and internationalization of the entire Italian Art, Design and Crafts industries, by discovering new artists, fostering their talents, and in the meantime promoting the study abroad in Italy
St. Louis presented to America the new, stylish, utilitarian modern designs of the Arts and Crafts movement. Frank Lloyd Wright is the undisputed leader. His synthesis of Louis Sullivan's organic ornament and impeccable construction, with simplified lines, forthright construction, and insistence on the totally designed environment that. The Arts & Crafts Movement opened the door for Art Nouveau in Europe (1890-1905), the modernist designs of Swiss architect Le Corbusier (1887-1965), Walter Gropius (1883-1969) and his Bauhaus Design School in Germany (1919-33) and the Union des Artistes Modernes (UAM) in France
Art & Interior Design, Rome, Italy. 2,926,602 likes · 37,682 talking about this. It's all about passion The decorative arts are arts or crafts whose object is the design and manufacture of objects that are both beautiful and functional. It includes most of the arts making objects for the interiors of buildings, and interior design, but not usually architecture. Ceramic art, metalwork, furniture, jewellery, fashion, various forms of the textile arts and glassware are major groupings Arts and Crafts interiors are an ideal marriage of function and aesthetic, spaces are designed to work for those living there. To create your own Arts and Crafts interior, there are several elements to consider, both in materials and design. The materials of an Arts and Crafts interior, while not limited to nature, emphasize wood, stone, glass. Satisfied with teaching The rating for the quality of feedback and assessment, given by final-year students in the NSS 84.6. Satisfied with feedback Number of students per member of teaching staff. The Arts and Crafts movement also inspired designers, like Henry van de Velde, as well as styles such as Art Nouveau, Art Deco, the building of the Honan Chapel (1916) in Cork, the Dutch De Stijl design group, the Viennese Secession movement, the Deutscher Werkbund, the Wiener Werkstätte, and eventually The Bauhaus Design School
Built-in cabinets allowed the furnishings to be part of the architecture, ensuring design unity and economic use of space. Even the light fixtures are often part of the design. Fireplace. A fireplace was the symbol of family in the Arts and Crafts movement, so most homes feature a dominant fireplace in the living room and a large exterior chimney Ruskin argued that separating the act of designing from the act of making was both socially and aesthetically damaging. The Arts and Crafts movement was also influenced by the work of Augustus Pugin (1812-1852). An interior designer and architect, Pugin was a Gothic revivalist and a member of the Design Reform Movement This interior design firm, founded in 1860, became an umbrella of creative designers who would restore the quality of medieval craftsmanship. Morris and Company sought to implement the philosophy of mixing art and craft, which had been induced by John Ruskin Ancient Indian Crafts in Modern Design. by Rohini Wahi. Growing up in India, I never really gave craft much thought. Block-print bedspreads, leather-punched notepads and luminous brass objects peppered my design landscape. After moving to London as a seven-year-old girl, I reveled in Western aesthetics — I would internally and ungratefully. Interior Design is the art and science of understanding people's behavior to create functional spaces within a building. It is a multi-faceted profession in which creative and technical solutions are applied within a structure to achieve a built interior environment
An Arts and Crafts House. In 2013, we were engaged to work on the interior decoration of a substantial Edwardian house in Hampstead. The fine house was in need of significant refurbishment, and we worked closely with the local Hampstead architects Charlton Brown in developing internal layouts and plans for the new owners, a recently-married young couple Art adds color to the room and helps you decorate it more adequately, but it also introduces a ton of texture. So, whether you opt for a sculpture or practical piece of wall art, it will bring the whole room together quite effectively, and that's what we all need when it comes to interior design. Not everyone is a fan of art and can imagine. Arts & Crafts was a British art and design movement growing from a desire to revive the skill of craftsmanship. The Arts and Crafts philosophy aimed to restore simplicity and honesty to how buildings and furnishings were made in a reaction against industrialisation and mass production in the Victorian era Art Aurea is a bilingual quarterly print issue and platform for arts and crafts, design, applied arts, ceramics, jewelry, handmade things of cultur
The phrase arts and crafts may refer to the handmade items you'd find at a local sidewalk sale, but it also refers to a design movement that remains popular today. If you think you're a design star, take this quiz to test your knowledge of all things Arts and Crafts They believed art, architecture and decorative arts should be both beautiful and functional, and t hey revived traditional handicrafts, sought pleasure in work and improved the design of ordinary domestic objects to improve the quality of everyday life. Many of the ideals of the Arts and Crafts movement are making a comeback in the 21st century
Arts & Crafts Interior Wood Columns Decorative, Distinctive and Non-Structural Elite Trimworks offers standard or custom made Arts and Crafts Columns in either PVC or Wood. They are sometime referred to as bungalow columns, Craftsman columns, mission columns and shaker columns, however they are referred to, they are a creative alterative of your typical round columns . Description. Light, color, water, are the three aesthetic elements of Islamic architecture. Light is the most important characteristic of Iranian architecture and a symbol of divine wisdom. The color comes from the light revolution and the water is the image of nature in Islamic architecture This is a classic Arts & Crafts Home. The Arts and Crafts house design movement began in Britain in the late 1800s. The ornate opulence of the Victorian period paired with the dehumanization of the Industrial Revolution prompted William Morris, an artist, poet, and social reformer, to fight for a return to hand-hewn craftsmanship The ideas of English art critic John Ruskin and English designer William Morris were given expression not only in designs for houses, but also in fabrics, furniture, handmade books and other decorative arts. British Arts and Crafts also featured references to medieval and Gothic styles, which were seen as England's design heritage The Arts and Crafts movement - emerging in the 1880s and 1890s - brought a breath of fresh air to Australian design. A sense of innovation and understanding of the values of simplicity, harmony and unity permeated both architecture and the allied arts and crafts. As its name implies, the Arts and Crafts style was concerned with the integration.
Arts and crafts lights pair well with classic architecture and hardwood floors, especially if you choose a warm bronze finish (iron tones also work well). Conversely, the straight lines of craftsman-style lighting fixtures have appeal in modern and contemporary homes Get inspired by color combination Arts and Crafts and create a design. Completely free and completely online Arts and Crafts Movement. William Morris believed people should be surrounded by beautiful, well-made things. This vision inspired the emergence of the Arts and Crafts movement in the 1860s. Morris's lectures and essays on art and his rediscovery of traditional craft techniques helped spread the movement, as did the decorative designs and. A British Arts and Crafts period entrance Hall circa 1905. The original panels and fixtures were dark oak but have been given two coats of latex paint to produce a contemporary twist without destroying the integrity of the period design 30 mosque crafts for Muslim kids with miniature interior design of mimbar, mihrab, masjid shoe stand, mic, Quran shelf and Islamic books etc
Interior design is the art and science of enhancing the interior of a building to achieve a healthier and more aesthetically pleasing environment for the people using the space. An interior designer is someone who plans, researches, coordinates, and manages such projects The Mississippi State University Interior Design program empowers students with a well-rounded education to work in residential and / or commercial interior design. This program is accredited by both the Council for Interior Design Accreditation and the National Association of Schools of Art and Design (NASAD) Interior Design is a four-year, accredited professional degree program. Our position within one of the top art colleges in the country, and within CCA's Architecture division, makes us highly interdisciplinary. We have a particular focus on sustainable material practices and spatial innovation
. 7399. Views. 125. Favourites. courses. Creative Arts and Design Degrees & Courses. 1,789 institutions offering Creative Arts and Design degrees and courses. Plan your studies abroad now Woodwork and metalwork (especially copper) are intertwined with the Arts & Crafts movement's emphasis on all things handmade, which makes wood and copper accents—especially those with a hand-finished feel—appropriate for a more creative take on bungalow baths. The best choices give a nod to hand-worked effects and a mix of textures and.
The Department of Industrial, Interior and Craft Design offers in-depth study into the design of all the objects that shape our everyday environments, and by scrutinizing relationships between people and things, explores new visions for living. The Department offers three courses: Craft Design, Industrial Design and Interior Design The arts and design track is where you can harness your innovative thinking. This track allows you to discover your interests in fields such as media and visual arts, performing arts, and literary arts. As per the Department of Education (DepEd) former Secretary Br. Armin Luistro FSC, the program should improve the artist's and designer's. Hindi. 1. Interior- Architecture: Definition and Understanding. Download. 2. Craft: Definition and Understanding (Varied Perspectives on Art and Craft) Download. 3. Interior-Architecture and Craft & Technology: Establishing Inter-Relationships Similar to the Arts and Crafts movement, Art Nouveau embraced the decorative arts of interior design, as well as fine arts and architecture.As Europe moved closer to the outbreak of World War I in 1914, the social commentary became more a part of art and architecture
, Margaret Macdonald (1865-1933), who, along with her sister Frances (1874-1921), was an active participant in the Arts and Crafts movement and related design activities that were centered in Glasgow in the 1890s The Victorian interior design is a style that combines traditional and contemporary-modern styles. This interior style produces a very strong look of luxury, Visualartideas.com comes to cyberspace to present various kinds of inspirations and ideas about visual art. Among them are ideas and inspiration in the field of design, painting. An Arts and Crafts Rug as the Perfect Choice for a Modern Interior Although developed at the beginning of the 20th century, Arts and Crafts rugs are absolutely applicable in contemporary interiors. It can be attributed to their balanced and utterly tasteful designs which have the power of transcending time and ever-changing fashions


Mahatma Vidur – a Dharmaraj, was respected by Lord Krishna for his devotion to people’s welfare and proficiency in every sphere of knowledge. He is the paragon of truth, dutifulness, impartial judgement, steadfast dharma and embodiment of inner consciousness of the Mahabharata.
Chanakya – an Indian teacher, philosopher, and royal advisor, taught at the ancient Takshashila University and subsequently managed the first Maurya emperor Chandragupta’s rise to power at a young age.
The policies/wisdom of Mahatma Vidur and Chanakya are relevant even today. This work in simple English rhyme is easy to comprehend.
‘Sleeplessness overtakes a thief, the lustful, who loses all his wealth surely,
Who fails to achieve success, is weak and is attacked by the strong clearly.
 - 33 (Mahatma Vidur)
A true friend does not forsake in time of your calamity,
In your misfortune, famine, or war, or at death clearly.
 1.12 (Chanakya)
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
The unique work of Munindra (Munnan) Misra in English rhyme on Hinduism and Hindu culture, provides the global English reader, an understanding of the Sanatan Dharma (Hindu culture). His works peep into the heart and expression of this fascinating belief system and makes it easy to comprehend and appreciate. It is a must-read for anyone interested in the Sanatan Dharma or Hindu culture, to the English speaking Hindu population and anyone studying religion and culture.
Misra was honored with a badge and awarded “Top Viewed Author Award” by Knol – A unit of knowledge of Google in 2011.


California universities to produce 50 open-source textbooks
California Governor Jerry Brown gave his pen a workout yesterday. In addition to signing legislation prohibiting social network snooping by employers and colleges, he also signed off on a proposal for the state to fund 50 open source digital textbooks. He signed two bills, one to create the textbooks and the other to establish a California Digital Open Source Library to host them, at a meeting with students in Sacramento.
According to a legislative summary, the textbook bill would “require the California Open Education Resources Council to determine a list of 50 lower division courses in the public postsecondary segments for which high-quality, affordable, digital open source textbooks and related materials would be developed or acquired.” The council is to solicit bids to produce these textbooks in 2013. The bill makes clear that the council has the option to use “existing high-quality digital open source textbooks and related materials” if those materials fit the requirements.
The law specifies that the textbooks must be placed under a Creative Commons license, allowing professors at universities outside of California to use the textbooks in their own classrooms. The textbooks must be encoded in XML, or “other appropriate successor format,” to facilitate re-use of the materials.


Once upon a time in a world full of mixes of beauty and shadows, there lived a princess. She was the Princess of Light; daughter of the mighty King of Light. She was loved by her father and oftentimes he would speak to her and remind her of the duties and obligations she held as a princess. Her father ruled the land, but there was a man who sought to overthrow them; the Shadow Lord. He had legions of soldiers and they fought day and night to gain the kingdom; but the kingdom of Light would win. The King told his daughter that one day she would have to fight, that they would try to take her away but she must remain strong. She would nod her head and her father would kiss her cheek and she knew she was safe with him. Yet little did she know what great struggles lay ahead of her; for she was unaware that the Shadow Lord fought not only with men, but with magic; a magic that she knew of but had convinced herself she was immune to.
That was when the nightmares started. They would come in the night and torture her; those nightmares were the work of the Shadow Lord. Every night she would wake up panicked in the middle of the night and be unable to sooth herself back to sleep. Sleep eluded her. One night after having a nightmare of the worst kinds, she screamed for her father to come in. She heaved giant sobs and begged him to tell her if this was the work of the Shadow Lord. As she had feared, her father nodded. “So teach me to stand.” She told him. So the training began. Under the Kings supervision, the Princess began to learn how to fight off their enemy. She studied in the castle library and listened to the Kings advisers and some scholars that lived in the kingdom. She learned under some of the best strategists, and they taught her how to outmaneuver and trick the enemy. But at last she also was trained in the art of attack; the King gave her a weapon: a sword. She named her sword Tharsos; which meant ‘courage.’ It was the sharpest sword known to man, even sharper than the enemies sword, Pseudologos. The Princess was equipped for battle.
As his daughter trained, it became apparent to the King what his enemy was attempting. It was a fair strategy, kill the Princess of Light, the Kings beloved. It enraged him, but he knew that he would have to let his daughter fight, for he too, had a plan, and as clever as the Shadow Lord was, you can’t outsmart a King.
With new knowledge of her enemy, the Princess was now able to fight; and she did so valiantly and with good courage. She spoke truth against the lies of the shadows and shone light on the dark places.He knew she must be stopped; if she wasn’t, it would surely lead to his downfall. But she was invisible. He found that no matter how much he tried, he could not kill her. But the Shadow Lord only realized her new strength and he forged a new plan; one that was even more clever and twisted. The attacks on the Princess’ life became subtle and nonchalant; so subtle, in fact, that she would often mistake them as being from her own father. He left his poison in beautiful goblets and his flying arrows looked like fireworks. The Shadow Lord was a master at deception and he treated it as an art; he blended lies with truths and fact with fiction to the point where the Princess couldn’t tell her father’s voice from the enemies’. He sought to overtake her mind and bend her to his disturbing will. The plan, I must say, was ingenious. It was as dark as could be; so perfectly fitting for a lord of shadows. Using his dark magic he began corrupting the Princess’ mind. What a devious plan: convince the Princess to kill herself. If he couldn’t do, surely he could convince her to do it herself!
This dark magic caused the Princess of Light to become terribly ill, and the King saw his daughter and her sickness and he helped her all he could. The light was fading from her eyes and her spirit was heavy with burdens. Three times she asked the King to take the burden from her; and three times he denied her. In the night she pleaded and spoke of how she wished this had never come to her, and in the morning she felt sorrow. Her world was melting away into things she couldn’t understand. Her advisers and strategists turned against her; for they were unknowingly under the influence of the Shadow Lord. The whole castle was under siege. With her fortress now a battlefield, the Princess fled into the tower and found a goblet on a nightstand. She was now exactly where the Shadow Lord wanted her; alone with a single goblet of poison. The Princess knew she could escape through the drinking of poison and with the enemies’ voice in her mind, he told her it was the only way. She grasped the cup and moved her fingers along the enticing engravings and smelled its contents. The beautiful smell filled her lungs; she brought the cup to her lips.
“My grace is sufficient for you.” her father whispered.
She dropped the cup. The sound of the shattering cup pierced the silence. The warmth of another body wrapped around the idle Princess. Her father was here. She fell into his arms and he picked her up and carried her away from the tower. He took her to the safety of his chambers and cleaned her battle wounds and began the process of healing his sick Princess. After that day, the goblet of poison seemed to follow her everywhere. The monsters that haunted her in her darkest days never left. The attacks would press on continually. Her father assured her that they would always be there; they wouldn’t stop until she was dead; but one promise gave her strength.
The King said to her “They will always be there. But so will I.”


The Book Pages: Why ‘Love & Rockets’ is the Great American Comic
When I reach filmmaker Omar Foglio on the phone, he and his colleagues are finetuning “Love & Rockets: The Great American Comic Book,” a documentary for the PBS series “Artbound” that’s premiering Oct. 5 on KCET.
“We’re still working on it right now as we speak, like the finishing touches,” says Foglio, who is codirecting with Jose Luis Figueroa for their company Dignicraft. “It’s been a ride, but we’re really happy with how it’s coming together.”
The documentary, which I’ve seen in rough form, is a nearly hourlong look at the Southern California sibling comic book creators Gilbert and Jaime Hernandez, who for the past 40 years have been writing and illustrating “Love & Rockets.”
“We did the work and we kept doing the work,” Jaime Hernandez told my colleague Peter Larsen at Comic-Con this summer. “And hopefully, we were pretty good.”
Not only does the film offer a brisk overview of the duo’s work – and makes the case for the overall importance of their creative output – it provides glimpses into their shared love of LA’s early punk rock scene, their creative inspirations and their unique working styles.
“It’s been my best excuse to read ‘Love and Rockets’ and nothing else all this year,” says Foglio, who first encountered the comics in the 1990s and had been wanting to get back into them. “I mean, for me, it’s the best comic book. Period.”
The film, which includes among its interviewees Fantagraphics founder and president Gary Groth, scholar Esther Claudio Moreno and photographer Carol Kovinick Hernandez, who is married to Gilbert and was there at the beginning taking photographs.
The brothers grew up in Oxnard with parents who supported their interest in comics as did their siblings. Their elder brother, Mario, introduced his younger siblings to comics and contributed to “Love & Rockets” for the first 7 or 8 years before the demands of raising a family led him to stop, while another brother helped bankroll the first issue.
Despite developing their own distinctive black and white artwork, which was influential on the alternative comics movement, the brothers happily discuss the effect that “Dennis the Menace” and “Little Archie” comics had on their work.
Foglio says their background is part of what kept them down-to-earth and devoted to the work. Despite offers to work for major comics companies like Marvel and DC, the pair have been with Fantagraphics since 1982 and sound genuinely thrilled to make a living doing what they love – at one point in the film Jaime recalls asking with awe, “If people like this, I get to do this forever?”
“They come from a working-class background,” says Foglio. “Devoting yourself to the work that you do, and what you like, is very strong in them. But I would also say the punk spirit is embedded in everything they do, not just their artwork, but their approach to the craft and to life in general.”
Foglio hopes viewers of his film will get a sense of the excellence of the Hernandez brothers’ output – and a desire to start exploring it.
“My feeling is that they are totally underrated. I mean, they are big within the world of comic books, but my gut feeling is that they should be better known,” says Foglio, while heaping praise on Fantagraphics for its support of the brothers’ work. “People should know about them, and I see them like living legends…and they still have so much to give.
“I’m hoping that this film, this ‘Artbound’ episode, will at least introduce their work to a wider audience,” he says. “It just deserves to be read more.”
For more information, go to www.kcet.org/shows/artbound
Here are some Southern California book events to explore this weekend:
Saturday, Oct. 1
Reyna Grande and Lalo Alcaraz
Author Reyna Grande will be in Conversation with cartoonist Lalo Alcaraz about her novel “A Ballad of Love and Glory.” But note: There won’t be copies for sale so please bring your own books for signing. (Or see Grande’s appearance on Sunday below.)
When: 1 p.m.
Where: Santa Ana Public Library, Main Branch, 26 Civic Center Plaza Santa Ana,
Boom! Studios’ launch of its “Hollow” graphic novel will take place at Revenge Of, an LGBTQ+-owned comic book store. The event will feature dessert-themed food trucks, trick or treating, photo ops and an author meet and greet.
When: 4-8 p.m.
Where: 3420 Eagle Rock Blvd, Los Angeles, CA
Amanda Gorman Future Voices Youth Poetry Reading
Beyond Baroque will host a virtual reading with the winners of the inaugural Amanda Gorman Future Voices Poetry Prize and Scholarship, which aims to recognize poets enrolled in grades 9-12 who self-identify as Black, Indigenous, or people of color.
When: 4:00 p.m.
Where: The event is virtual on Zoom
Sunday, Oct. 2
Orange County Children’s Book Festival
This free children’s event offers six stages of entertainment including the Animal & Nature Stage, S.T.E.A.M. Ahead Stage and World Stories & Adventure Stage featuring bilingual and multicultural children’s book authors. As well, there will be food trucks, booksellers, lit-minded exhibitors and the Orange Coast College Planetarium will offer programs and a visit from Star Wars characters.
When: 9:30 a.m. to 4 p.m.
Where: Orange Coast College, 2701 Fairview Road, in Costa Mesa.
Authors Reyna Grande and Maria Amparo Escandón will be in conversation with actress Yareli Arizmendi for a bilingual talk and reading from their new books.
When: 2 p.m.
Where: LA Plaza de Cultura y Artes, 501 N Main St., LA
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Have any book recommendations? Please send them to email@example.com and they might appear in the column.
Thanks, as always, for reading.
Author and librarian Nancy Pearl really likes books that do these two things
Librarian Nancy Pearl is the former executive director of the Washington Center for the Book at Seattle Public Library and she was Library Journal’s 2011 Librarian of the Year. She is the author of “Book Lust,” “More Book Lust,” “George & Lizzie” and “The Writer’s Library,” co-written with Jeff Schwager. The just-published children’s book “Library Girl,” written by Karen Henry Clark and illustrated by Sheryl Murray, tells the story of how Pearl became a librarian. The delightful Pearl and I spoke earlier this month, and her answers have been edited for length and clarity.
Q. Is there a book or books you always recommend to other readers?
People always say, “What’s your favorite book?” and I have no favorite book. I have many, many books that I love. But the book that I recommend most – or the book that I say will appeal to the most readers – is “Lonesome Dove,” Larry McMurtry’s Pulitzer Prize-winning book. I always joke and say you need to have a bottle of water handy when you’re reading that book, because your throat is going to get so dry from all the dust on the cattle drive.
And it won the Pulitzer Prize, so the writing’s not shabby.
Q. Do you remember the first book that made an impact on you?
I think the first book that made an impact on me was Robert Heinlein’s novel, “Space Cadet,” which was written in the ‘50s. I read it when I was about 10, and I remember where I was in the library when I found the book.
It’s about a group of young men from different planets, including Earth, who are all trying to become members of the Space Patrol, and they have to go through a series of tests to see whether they’re worthy of that. That whole thing of honor had a big influence on me when I first read it, so that’s a book that I do have fond memories of – even though Robert Heinlein turned into a bit of a fascist towards the end of his life.
Q. Do you listen to audiobooks?
I was very late to audiobooks. People would always ask me if audiobooks counted, “Oh, I just listened to this, does that count as reading it?” Well, of course, it counts as reading it.
I love British readers. I listen to the audio versions of books that I’ve already read and enjoyed, so going back to them is just such a pleasure. In some ways, I think I prefer audio almost to traditional reading. During the pandemic especially, I walk for miles every day, but it’s so I can listen to audiobooks and I started doing 1000-piece jigsaw puzzles, so I could sit and listen to audiobooks while I’m doing the puzzle. I just love audiobooks.
Q. Who are some of your favorite audiobook narrators?
One of the ones that I really enjoyed is “The Enchanted April” by Elizabeth van Arnim. It’s read by several different people, so you can get different versions, but oh my gosh, that is such a good audiobook. I listened to it twice in a row and then my husband listened and loved it.
There’s a great series of mysteries by Adrian McKinty that are set in Belfast in the 1980s. It was originally supposed to be a trilogy called The Troubles, but it’s now seven books. Great on audio, and, and I understand that he’s writing at least one more new one. The first is called “The Cold, Cold Ground,” and, again, it’s just really great.
John le Carré’s “Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy,” the same reader reads all of those. And the Terry Pratchett books are so wonderful on audio. Another great British one to listen to is “Belgravia,” which was a TV show by Julian Fellowes, and it’s read by Juliet Stevenson. That’s another one that both my husband and I just loved.
[Note: This is where Pearl and I spent a long time discussing how much we love Juliet Stevenson’s audiobook narration and then made wild plans to listen to the actress’ recording of “Middlemarch,” which neither of us have read yet.]
Q. What do you look for in a book?
Ah, the language. I really want language that doesn’t have to be highfalutin at all, but it can’t make me wince; I don’t like that. But really just three-dimensional characters and wonderful language. And a little bit of quirk. I love a little bit of quirkiness in the books that I read.
One of the authors who I think does all that so well is Elizabeth McCracken. Her new book, which I think comes out sometime this fall called “The Hero of This Book,” is just wonderful – all her books, novels or short stories are just terrific.
Lorrie Moore, her short stories, particularly for me, the ones in her collection “Birds of America,” is another one. In each of those short stories, the characters are so real and so alive to me. And the writing is just absolutely terrific.
So it’s those two things. For me, it can be nonfiction. It could be, you know, a romance novel. I mean, anything that has those two characteristics front and center, wonderful characters, and wonderful writing, is the kind of book that I would love.
Q. What’s something that stayed with you from a recent reading?
So I read a brand-new book, “The Catch,” by Alison Fairbrother. One of the things that the main character does in the book is, instead of just writing down the name and author of the book she’s read, she writes down the first sentence of the book, which I thought was just a brilliant idea.
Q. Is there a person who made an impact on your reading life – a teacher, a parent, a librarian or someone else?
So the person who made an impact on my reading was a particular librarian at the Detroit Public Library, the Parkman branch.
In fact, there’s a picture book coming out in September called “Library Girl,” which is like a biography of me and how these librarians really helped me. I mean, you know, I feel like they saved my life, but you can’t say that in a picture book. But it’s just a beautiful picture book that’s coming out. So it was those librarians, Miss Whitehead, especially, who really made me want to be a librarian because I wanted to do for other kids what she did for me.
Q. What’s something about your book that no one knows?
So when I wrote the novel “George and Lizzy,” those characters came to me pretty much fully formed. I didn’t know anything about them, but they just appeared one night in my head after a whole day of taking oxycodone for foot surgery. [laughs] They just came and were there and I couldn’t stop thinking about them. I just loved them and I would tell myself stories about them.
And after six or seven years of thinking about George and Lizzie, and then not being able to find anything to read one afternoon, I realized that I have these people in my head, so why don’t I write down all these stories that I told myself about them? And that became, with the help of a wonderful editor, “George and Lizzie.” So that’s something about that book.
I wrote it for me. I wrote it because it’s exactly the kind of book that I love.
Linda Ronstadt revisits family history and recipes in new book “Feels Like Home.” READ MORE
Follow your ‘Bliss’
Ling Ma says she let anxiety lead her while writing her short story collection. READ MORE
Long Beach lit
Wendy Thomas Russell’s Brown Paper Press offers a platform to marginalized voices. READ MORE
The week’s bestsellers
The top-selling books at your local independent bookstores. READ MORE
What’s next on ‘Bookish’
The next free Bookish event will be Oct. 21 with guests Anthony Doerr, Michelle Tea and Martin Dugard joining host Sandra Tsing Loh.


Athens Sightseeing from Hotel
Athens Sightseeing from HotelAthens, the largest city and capital of Greece, has much to offer. During this Athens tour, you will explore the best of Athens in...
DescriptionAthens Sightseeing from HotelAthens, the largest city and capital of Greece, has much to offer. During this Athens tour, you will explore the best of Athens in only five hours. Discover Athens, from the ruins of the past, such as the Parthenon and Olympic Zeus Temple, to the important structures of today, including the Parliament House and National Library.Join the adventure through the breathtaking monuments of Athens's ancient past. Standing high above the city, you will observe the magnificence of the ancient ruins located on the Acropolis. Tour the Parthenon, one of the greatest cultural monuments of all time and often considered the essence of Ancient Greece. In addition to your Parthenon tour, the Acropolis contains many other ancient ruins for your viewing, such as the temple of Athena Nike and the Erechtheion, with its Porch of Maidens and the Propylea, the gateway to the Acropolis. Explore the Temple of Olympic Zeus in the center of Athens, and see the Panathinaikon Stadium, the location of the first modern Olympics in 1896.In addition to Athens's rich past, you will explore the modern structures of the city. Driving down Panepistimiou Street, take a look at the magnificent structures of modern Greece, including the University of Athens, National Library, Parliament House, the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, and the Presidential Palace. Your tour will conclude with a trip to the new Acropolis Museum. Your friendly and English speaking guide will help you appreciate the beautiful architecture of the building while learning about the glory of ancient Greece. These five hours will fly by as you experience the best of ancient and modern Athens.
Numerous area hotels. Please select a hotel above.
Preparation AdviceComfortable clothing and sensible flat-soled walking shoes are recommended.


This week I went to visit Dr Johnson's House. Dr Who?? I hear you ask. Well, in a nutshell, Dr Johnson is the guy who wrote the English dictionary. He spent nine years of his life writing down every single word of the English language, and at that point there were 42,773 of them. Quite an accomplishment without a computer and all.
The house, now a museum shows you how he lived, who he lived with and what he did for a living. It gives you a good impression of what life was like at that time. The visit starts in the parlour, where the walls are painted in a dark brown colour as to cover up the grime that came in from the outside air. You then work your way up to the upstairs, much airier drawing room, followed by the bedroom and the library on the next floor and onto the exhibits in the attic.
The highlight of my visit was the collection of period dresses and costumes that are available to try on. Kids will love it. As will some adults...
You can find more information on the museum's website here:http://www.drjohnsonshouse.org/index.html


The history of New Mexico’s journey through disability policy is currently passed orally from one advocate to another. The “movement” has become fractured into smaller, more specifically minded organizations. There has been a concerted effort from members of the various disability advocacy movements to join together and organize but they have struggled to form unity. There is currently no resource that brings together the rich cultural diversity of New Mexico’s population, the stories of parental activism and individual activism, and the federal and state disability policies that are still active today.
The New Mexico Disability Story is a multimedia package, which will includes archival video interviews with members of the New Mexico disability advocacy community, a documentary book that can be used as a textbook or for general audiences and social media platform about the disability movement in New Mexico. Additional staff will continue to engage the public and policy makers in moving forward with advocacy and transparency regarding disability in the state.
Let’s work together to tell the world the great work we have done.
Established in 2014, The New Mexico Disability Story is a research project to study and preserve the rich history of disability advocacy in the State of New Mexico through the collection of oral histories, expert interviews, archives, and literature review. The project will produce a highly accessible, multimodal educational package that will include a documentary book, a feature length documentary, an exhibition, and may include additional educational products as it evolves. It is our intention to travel around the state with this exhibition to ensure all New Mexicans have access to this information.


Catherine Parr was the sixth of the six wives of King Henry VIII of
Henry married his last wife, the wealthy widow Catherine Parr, in July 1543. A reformer at heart, she argued with Henry over religion. Ultimately, Henry remained committed to an idiosyncratic mixture of Catholicism and Protestantism; the reactionary mood which had gained ground following the fall of Cromwell had neither eliminated his Protestant streak nor been overcome by it. Parr helped reconcile Henry with his daughters, Mary and Elizabeth. In 1543, an Act of Parliament put them back in the line of succession after Edward. The same act allowed Henry to determine further succession to the throne in his will.
Catherine Parr (alternatively spelled Katherine, Katheryn or Katharine, signed 'Katheryn the Quene KP') (1512 – 7 September 1548) was
Queen of England and of Ireland (1543–47) as the last of the six wives of King Henry VIII, and the final queen consort of the House of Tudor. She married him on 12 July 1543, and outlived him by one year. She was also the most-married English queen, with four husbands.
Catherine enjoyed a close relationship with Henry's three children and was personally involved in the education of Elizabeth and Edward, both of whom became English monarchs. She was influential in Henry's passing of the Third Succession Act in 1542 that restored both his daughters,
Mary and Elizabeth, to the line of succession to the throne.
Catherine was appointed Regent from July to September 1544 while Henry was on a military campaign in France and in case he lost his life, she was to rule as regent until
Edward came of age. However he did not give her any function in government in his will. In 1543, she published her first book, Psalms or Prayers, anonymously. On account of Catherine's Protestant sympathies, she provoked the enmity of anti-Protestant officials, who sought to turn the King against her; a warrant for her arrest was drawn up in 1545. However, she and the King soon reconciled. Her book Prayers or Meditations became the first book published by an English queen under her own name. She assumed the role of Elizabeth's guardian following the King's death, and published a second book, The Lamentations of a Sinner.
Henry died on 28 January 1547. Six months after Henry's death, she married her fourth and final husband, Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley. The
marriage was short-lived, as she died in September 1548, probably of complications of childbirth. After the king's death in 1547 she was allowed to keep her jewels and gowns and was possibly allowed to keep the title "Dowager queen" until her own
SIX WIVES OF HENRY VIII


There’s not a whole lot of unused time in today’s fast-paced world, and when taking our leisure reading into account, it may seem like there are fewer hours in the day. There is, however, something we can do to combat this problem. Websites such as ‘BooksTheDownload’ can help with some simple clicks! In this article, I’ve compiled a list of 9 useful Free eBook Download Websites if you want to use this treasure trove of books across any device you own!
What are Websites to download free books?
There are many different Chrome extensions that offer users the ability to download books for free. Some of the most popular sites for book reading and downloading are Here.
Top 9 Websites to download free books
Looking for a way to get free books? Look no further than Chrome extensions! Below are 9 of the best extensions that offer free books.
BookBub is an ebook subscription service that offers a variety of books as well asAudiobooks and audiocassettes for free or at a discount. You can also sign up for a monthly subscription to gain access to additional titles without having to wait in line or pay full price.
Project Gutenberg is the official website of the Project Gutenberg literary archive, which contains over 100 million works in multiple formats including ebooks (PDF and EPUB). You can browse through thousands of free books online or download them directly onto your computer.
Feedbooks offers thousands of free ebooks to feed your reading addiction. You can browse through popular genres, or narrow your search based on book length, type, or rating.
Goodreads is a site where users can rate and review books. As a result, it has become one of the most popular extensions for finding free books. You can sign up for an account to gain access to millions of titles, or use the built-in filters to find specific genres or authors.
Boomerang Books lets you save your favorite books for later reading. Once you’ve added a book to your library, Boomerang will keep it available for as long as you want it to be. Just click the “
Obooko.com is a website that allows users to download free books from various popular authors. Users simply need to sign in with their Amazon account, and Obooko will start scanning the Kindle e-reader library for new books to add to the extension’s collection. The extension also offers favorites lists for various genres, as well as a “new releases” tab that highlights recently released books.
If you’re looking for a way to improve your reading experience online, Overdrive is the site for you. With Overdrive, you can easily access your buy, borrow and read books with no interruptions. You can also add books to your library and keep track of what you’ve read.
One of the best things about Feedbooks is that it offers a wide variety of genres and subjects. Whether you’re looking for fiction, non-fiction, or even children’s books, Feedbooks has something for you.
In addition to its vast selection of books, Feedbooks also offers a variety of features to make your experience better. For example, you can bookmark pages and take notes while you’re reading, which makes studying or research much easier. Plus, the site keeps track of where in the book you are so that you can quickly jump back to where you left off.
Overall, Feedbooks is a great resource for finding free books online. Its wide selection and fantastic features make it a favorite among Chrome users everywhere.
CentslessBooks.com is a website that offers free books to users of Chrome. The website allows you to browse through a selection of books, and find one that you would like to read. You can then click on the book to download it to your computer.
CentslessBooks is an excellent resource for free books. The website has a wide range of books available, and it is easy to find something that you will want to read. The website also has a great selection of books available in ebook format, which makes reading them easier on your computer…
Where To Find A Book Website?
To find a good book website, you can use a few different search engines and websites. Try Google, Bing, or Yahoo! Search for “book website” to get started. You can also type specific author names or books into the search engine to find their websites.
Some recommended book websites are Goodreads, Barnes & Noble Nook Book Club, and The Kindle Store. You can also use online catalogs like Overdrive or Google Books to find free books. Some online stores offer free books as part of their membership benefits.
If you’re looking for a specific type of book (for example, children’s books), try searching for “children’s book website” or “YA chapter book website” on Google or Bing. Or check out recommendations from friends or family members who have read similar books in the past.
It can be hard to get your hands on a good book sometimes, and that’s why we’ve compiled this list of Chrome extensions that offer free books. Whether you’re looking for thrillers, historical novels, or non-fiction titles, these extensions will help you find the perfect read without breaking the bank. So whether you’re in the mood for a light fare or something heavier, these Chrome extensions have got you covered!


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Author Karen Karbo knows her audience; she suggests that the reader either received this book as a gift or picked it up in a museum gift shop. I was one of the former—my husband bought it for me for Valentine’s Day.
How Georgia Became O’Keeffe: Lessons on the Art of Living is an unusual book: a synthesis of biography-lite, memoir, and how-to—that is, how to apply the lessons of O’Keeffe’s life to our own. Karbo has organized the painter’s life into chapters such as “Grow” (her childhood), “Embrace” (the beginning of her relationship with the photographer Alfred Stieglitz, who would become her promoter, lover, and husband), and “Drive” (the early years in New Mexico). Interspersed among highlights from O’Keeffe’s life are highlights from Karbo’s life (she met her boyfriend while they played a video game), her opinions (she has little use for Stieglitz), and suggestions (get a tan: Georgia did!). Sometimes this curious amalgam works; other times, it just feels like filler.
I admire O’Keeffe’s work. We kept a print of her “White Rose with Larkspur” on our bedroom wall well past its fade-by date, and I’ve been amazed by many of her paintings as I’ve encountered them in museums over the years. But I’m not a devoted enthusiast and didn’t know much about her life, the development of her work, or the arc of her success and fame. So, this book, even with all its “witty” asides, provided many of the important details; in that sense, it worked for me.
But Karbo seems to think most fans of O’Keeffe idolize her inappropriately, viewing her as a poster girl for feminism or back-to-the-land-ism. And Karbo tries—shrilly but not very rigorously—to set that record straight. Ironically, I don’t think that truly knowledgeable devotees of O’Keeffe would be tempted by this book; they’d be reading more serious tomes of biography and criticism, surely.


The evolving concept of lebensraum in political geography
HOU Lulu1,, LIU Yungang2,*,
1. School of Geography and Planning, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
2. School of Geography, Southern China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 41571130 and 41271165;
Lebensraum is a core concept that Friedrich Ratzel created while he first founded political geography. In 1901, based on the study of anthropogeography, Ratzel came up with two analytical frameworks of spatial politics, "lebensraum" and "national organism," and the word lebensraum has attracted much attention since then. Haushofer, Ratzel's student and a used-to-be soldier devoted to national interests, contributed to the use of lebensraum in geopolitics and military science. Along with the rising popularity of geopolitics, lebensraum was developed into a geopolitical concept to explain the evolution of country system, which served as a theoretical support for Fascism. In the first half of the 20th century, German geographers played a leading role in lebensraum research. With the end of World War II, neither lebensraum nor geopolitics escaped from condemnation. Treating lebensraum as a weapon speaking for fascist states, Anglophone geographers tried to keep away from it, leading to its abandonment in the West. Due to the different language and a relatively independent academic community from the West, some Japanese geographers took up the study of lebensraum from a regional planning perspective since the 1960s. With political geography back into humanism view since the late 1980s, lebensraum liberated from the darkroom of German geopolitics, and there have been increasingly more geographers aware of the enormous theoretical value behind the concept. Through a brief review of the development process of lebensraum, this article aims to reveal the status and role of lebensraum in understanding the analytical framework of political geography, the relationship between human and land, space governance, and decision making of human agency.
拉采尔的Lebensraum概念在动荡的20世纪发展变化,但其实关于其概念发展演化的讨论并不多见。究其原因：一是文献有限,相关文献大都集中在二战前,以德文、日文、英文为主,中国学者较少接触;二是受政治地理学术圈大环境的影响,新政治地理学兴起后,诸多传统研究迫于历史压力纷纷改弦更张。20世纪90年代开始,Lebensraum才逐渐回到欧美地理学者的研究视野,并形成了一系列新成果。2018年,由英国牛津大学地理与环境学院、瑞典索德顿大学波罗的海与东欧研究中心共同主持的专辑“Lebensraum and its discontents”发表,标志着Lebensraum概念的学术回归(Klinke et al, 2018)。本文在此背景下,对经典文献进行再次解读,深入认识Lebensraum概念的起源、发展历程,为中国政治地理学研究的开展及理论化提供参考。
此外,拉采尔对人的迁移十分关注。他认为移民等因素会促进新的生存空间的产生,此过程包括空间变异、边界模糊侵蚀、孤岛/飞地形成3个阶段(Ratzel, 2018)。他的迁移研究多以中立的、描述性的方式开展,在许多论述中甚至表现出对“种族纯化”的谴责,他认为“纯的种族”和“混合种族”并没有明确的价值判断,很多被边缘化的人群是值得保护和保留的(Klinke et al, 2018)。这种对民族多样性的评价显示出拉采尔先于时代的人道主义思考。
首先,人是地理环境的产物,人与空间相互作用。人在地球上的存在和生长,是人类像其他生物一样适应环境的结果。拉采尔认为“每一个宗族、部落乃至国家都有2个层面的内涵——人及其领土空间,……人的政治行为是受地理环境的影响而做出适应的”(Semple et al, 1911)。人类的一切行为活动和社会发展都受环境制约,这种制约体现在4个方面,即生理上的制约、心理上的影响、物产丰歉盈缺对民族经济社会发展的决定作用,以及对人类迁移和分布的决定性影响(Ratzel, 1989)。
其次,民族国家是人类有机体运转的基本单元。拉采尔将国家与自然界中的生物种群类比,认为国家是附着在地球上的一种(生物)有机体,是“地表有确定组织的人类集团所占据的政治地域”(Semple et al, 1911),国家特征深受为其提供生存环境的领土及区位的影响,国家有机体的生存和发展需要一定的空间。
第三,国家有机体处于不断生长的过程中。国家有机体与其他生物一样也具有幼年、青年、壮年、老年等不同发展阶段。国家的生长在空间上有3种表现：一是国家的边界,其变化是多个国家相互竞争形成的几何空间,是人类社会不断发展的表现(Klinke et al, 2018);二是领土的稳定性,反映国家所处的发展阶段,发展水平越高的国家领土稳定性越强(Ratzel, 2018);三是空间的生长,国家生长的同时,民族集体不断寻求边界的外移与空间的扩大(Ratzel, 1901)。
拉采尔从人地关系出发,提出国家有机体的概念来解释人类有机体政治行为的空间规律,强调国家发展和政策制定中地理空间要素的重要性。他首次将抽象的国家概念与具象的地理空间相结合,使得地理要素在政治学、社会学领域中受到了空前的重视。虽然今天看来拉采尔的国家有机体理论似乎有一定的社会达尔文主义倾向,但Murphy(2018)通过对其著作《政治地理学》和拉采尔论文的研读发现,拉采尔的研究一直努力避免这种倾向。同时,拉采尔在对待民族主义与军国主义方面表现出难得的进步性,他驳斥了张伯伦(Houston Stewart Chamberlain)和戈比诺(Arthur de Gobineau)的生物种族主义(Smith, 1980),他反对种族纯化,认为移民是使社会群体更具竞争力的过程(Ratzel, 2018)。
20世纪上半叶是生存空间研究大发展时期,也是地缘政治学派改造并歪曲生存空间的关键时期。拉采尔的理论不仅在德国引起了巨大关注,也被其学生带到了其他国家。1911年,他的学生森普尔(Ellen Churchill Semple)在美国出版了《地理环境之影响：以拉采尔人类地理学为基础》一书,系统介绍了拉采尔人文地理研究中的主要成果,包括空间概念、边界、国家的迁移和成长,国家空间发展中海陆间的过渡以及水资源、山地和平原等在国家空间发展中的作用(Semple et al, 1911)。
现有的政治地理话语体系中,生存空间始终难以摆脱消极视角,即把民族和国家作为有机实体的还原主义、鼓吹帝国主义扩张、霸权统治、种族清洗等,甚至于这个概念的德语属性都十分容易唤起人们的负面情绪(Klinke et al, 2018)。因而,生存空间常被用以描述具有侵略性的国家政策与行动,如国外媒体对中国钓鱼岛政策的报道③(③ Lebensraum and China, Asia Sentinel, 2012-09-20, http://www.asiasentinel.com/politics/lebensraum-and-china/。)。通过回顾1919—1939年期间,德国对拉采尔生存空间与空间动力学的接纳与反响过程,Murphy(2018)发现,拉采尔对地理环境作用于人类能动性的决定性影响是十分谨慎的,拉采尔并不是空间/环境决定论者,但这种特质在魏玛和纳粹时代的动荡中被有意识地抹除了,政治斗争的紧张化曲意简化了拉氏生存空间的复杂性。
BashfordA.2007. Nation, Empire, Globe: The spaces of population debate in the interwar years[J]. , 49(1): 170-201.
Abstract There are several analytical strands through which historians and demographers understand the evolution of twentieth-century population politics and expertise. One is the history of the declining birthrate, nationalism, pro-natalism, and modern degeneration anxieties, including histories of eugenics. A second strand is the story of global overpopulation, its mobilization as a mid-twentieth-century issue in Cold War politics, the dominance of the idea of demographic transitions and political economy, and subsequent links between aid, development, family planning, and various international agencies. A third is the history of reproductive and bodily rights, feminism, and birth control, which has been analyzed with respect to the history of technology, the history of colonialism and neo-colonialism, the history of nationalism, and to some extent the history of internationalism. The political economy aspects of the population question tend chronologically to bookend the feminist narrative, with Malthus at the late eighteenth-century end and Cold War political economy of third world development at the twentieth-century end. A fourth strand is a burgeoning intellectual history of demography, social science, and economic theory.
Blood PW.2010. Securing Hitler's lebensraum: The Luftwaffe and Białowieza forest, 1942-1944[J]. , 24(2): 247-272.
The records of a German air force security battalion operating in the primeval forest of Bia0365owie0304a (Eastern Poland) open a window onto Nazi colonization policy and the Holocaust. Using the battalion's documentation from the period 194209“1944, the author argues that Nazi Bandenbek01¤mpfung (banditry-combating) was central to Hitler's occupation in the East after the first wave of killings in the summer of 1941. The continued killings by Luftwaffe forces implicate German troops long assumed not to have been involved in implementing Nazi racial policies. The contemporary reports discussed here describe the widespread murder of Jews, partisans, and other civilians, and shed new light on how Nazi dogma shaped the behavior of the ordinary soldier.
FischerF.1961. Griff nach der Weltmacht: Die Kriegszielpolitik des kaiserlichen Deutschland, 1914-1918[M].
GiaccariaP, MincaC.2016. Life in space, space in life: Nazi topographies, geographical imaginations, and lebensraum[J]. , 22(2-3): 151-171.
This article focuses on the pivotal role the notion of Lebensraum played within the Nazi spatial mindscape. Tracing the complex and contradictory genealogies of Lebensraum, we note how geographers’ engagement with Geopolitik has only made modest reference to the role Lebensraum played in shaping the biopolitical and genocidal machinery implemented by Hitlerism and its followers. Moreover, most of this literature highlights a clear discontinuity between the Lebensraum concept formulated by German academic geographers and the Nazis respectively. Rather than emphasizing the divide between German Geopolitik and Nazi biopolitics, we claim that the Third Reich incorporated Lebensraum by merging its duplicitous meaning, as living/vital space and as life-world. Equality important were both Nazi ‘functionalist’ understandings of Lebensraum as well as its ontological merging of Lebens and Raum in which the racialised German nation is conceived as a spatial organism whose expansion is the essential expression of life. As such, we approach the Nazi Lebensraum grand imagery as a truly geo-bio-political dispositif, in which life and space matched with no gap, no residues. The attempted realisation of this perfect coincidence, we argue, contributed in a crucial way to produce spaces of eviction and displacement and, ultimately, genocide, and annihilation.
HalasM.2014. Searching for the perfect footnote: Friedrich Ratzel and the others at the roots of lebensraum[J]. , 19(1): 1-18.
The story of Lebensraum before World War I resembles a screenplay of an interesting movie. The main villain (Friedrich Ratzel) got the prestige, but did not deserve it, while those that did (Andree and Peschel), were not given it. Villain's minence grise (Moritz Wagner) plotted against the hero (Charles Darwin) without much effect. Some even tried to turn villain into hero's servant, yet he proved too resilient and remained determined to conquer and culturally transform the world on his own terms. This plot has everything necessary for a good drama. An Israeli one, of course.
HeskeH.1987. Karl Haushofer: His role in German geopolitics and in Nazi politics[J]. , 6(2): 135-144.
Karl Haushofer (1869–1946) and his ideas are both very well-known and widely misunderstood in Anglo-American political geography. This paper provides a résumé of his career for an international audience, based mainly on the published letters and documents of Haushofer and his son Albrecht. Two conclusions are drawn: first, that his political influence has been overestimated in that he was only a fringe figure in Nazi politics; second, the intellectual support the Nazi Reich obtained from people like Haushofer helped establish and maintain the regime.
HoldarS.1992. The ideal state and the power of geography the life-work of Rudolf Kjellén[J]. , 11(3): 307-323.
Rudolf Kjellén's Geopolitik was part of his attempt to produce a systematic political science, focused on the study of the state. Based on organic analogy, Kjellén wanted to construct an objective way to analyze the evolution of the power of states and to examine how this process affected interstate relations. With his numerous roles—as professor of political science, self-taught geographer, Conservative MP and columnist—Kjellén's stated scientific goal of objectivity never gained followers, especially in his advocacy of Swedish nationalism and the German cause in the First World War. While his ideas got no following in Sweden, his Germanophile Weltanschauung was adopted in Germany, most importantly by the Geopolitik school associated with Karl Haushofer.
Taylor A JP.1976. The origins of the Second World War[M].
TunanderO.2001. Swedish-German geopolitics for a new century Rudolf Kjellén's 'The state as a living organism'[J]. , 27(3): 451-463.
ABSTRACT Rudolf Kjellén was an important politicalscientist during the first half of this century. He is perhaps the most influential Scandinavianpolitical scientist ever. Together with the political geographer Fredrich Ratzel, Kjellén wasthe founder of the German geopolitical school. All his major works were translated into German, butthey were, to my knowledge, never translated into English. They were important sources of inspirationfor the leading geopolitical theorist and military general, Karl Haushofer. 1 By the time of his visit toSweden in 1935, Haushofer was about to publish the 25th German edition of Kjellén'sDieGrossm01chte[The Great Powers]. 2 The idea that states were not fixed juridicial entities but dynamic organisms competing on theinternational scene, was something that appealed to Haushofer. He was to fuse this thought withRatzel's concept of Lebensraum,that was later to reachHitler.


#2 Jørgen Lange Thomsen –
The History of DNA Use in Forensic Medicine, illustrated by Case Stories
Alec Jeffreys made by accident his groundbreaking discovery in September 1984 on the use of DNA polymorphism in crime work. It only took a couple of years before the police applied his discovery on homicide cases. As a forensic pathologist I took part in ‘The Miracle’, since it was introduced in Denmark in the early nineties.
In my presentation, I shall describe the use of the DNA technique, including the possible pitfalls.
Cases of homicides and sexual abuse will be mentioned.
Born in Copenhagen 1944. Medical Doctor 1970.
Specialist in Forensic Medicine and in Surgical Pathology, Denmark and the UK.
Full Professor, State Forensic Pathologist and head of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Southern Denmark since 1996. Professor Emeritus since 2015.
Doctoral Thesis: Alcoholics in Forensic Medicine.
Human Rights Award, 2017, International Association of Forensic Sciences.
About 200 publications in scientific journals.
Books for a broad audience about history (together with author Marie Helleberg).
#4 Dr Jan Bondeson MD PhD MSc LicSc –
The Lion Boy and Other Medical Curiosities in Old Picture Postcards
In the 1900s and 1910s, there was a multitude of human curiosities on show both in Britain and continental Europe: giants, dwarfs, conjoined twins, abnormally fat or thin people, and individuals with severe congenital deformities. Some of the ‘freaks’ were self-made: men growing abnormally long beards, fasting artists going without food for months, and people aiming to walk around the world for a wager.
Since this period of high interest in human phenomena on show coincided with the great postcard boom in Edwardian times, there is no shortage of images to illustrate this forgotten chapter of the history of medicine.
Jan Bondeson MD PhD is a former senior lecturer and consultant physician at Cardiff University, and the author of Cabinet of Medical Curiosities (Cornell UP 1997), The Two-headed Boy and Other Medical Marvels (Cornell UP 2000), Buried Alive: The Terrifying History of our Most Primal Fear (WW Norton 2001), The Lion Boy and Other Medical Curiosities (Amberley 2018) and other history of medicine books.


"Brilliantly insightful! A zero defect success system for today and all your tomorrows."
Mark Victor Hansen, co-author best-selling Chicken Soup for the Soul series
"21-Day Countdown to Success is the finest road map to complete and lasting fulfillment I have ever read. It's a gift with a lift! Use this guide to start your own countdown now."
Greg Anderson, author and founder of The American Wellness Project
"21-Day Countdown to Success is a refreshing and uplifting Journey to the best of who you are. Chris Witting hands you the keys to success in the finest sense of the word. I highly recommend this book."
Susan Jeffers, Ph.D. author of best-selling Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway
"People who are both thoughtful and ambitious can learn much from Chris Witting's book. He suggests some original and unusual pathways to success. Give them a try!"
Walter Anderson, Editor of Parade Magazine
"Chris Witting is right! There has never been a magic bullet for success. There has never been any one path -- until now. Thanks for putting all these great ideas together in one magnificent book, 21-Day Countdown to Success."
Wayne Allyn Root, author of The Joy of Failure
"Imagine that you are a rocket ship headed for your own future. Like a rocket, you need a massive boost of energy to break free of inertia, in order to realize your most magnificent dreams. And like a rocket, a small change in your course now will result in a huge change in your ultimate destination. 21-Day Countdown to Success will propel you toward the future you desire, giving you the direction you need to make an enormous difference later. Read this book and get ready to blast off!"
Joe Tye, author of Never Fear, Never Quit
"If you want to be successful -- follow Chris Witting! He knows how to get a plan into action!"
Nancy Rosanoff, author of The Intuition Workout
"21-Day Countdown to Success is the exact opposite of the usual self-righteous, one-size-fits-all self improvement book. Instead, Mr. Witting challenges you to discover your own unique path. Through a series of simple yet powerful techniques, you will embark on an exciting 21-day countdown to a life that aligns with your highest potential. There is no way anyone could read this book and not experience a celebration of his or her special gifts."
Nationally syndicated talk show host and best selling author, HOW TO SOLVE ALL YOUR MONEY PROBLEMS
"Chris Witting has organized the key ingredients for success into a system that assures its commited followers the recipe for success. It's easy to read and worth the time!"
Dr. Tony Alessandra
author, THE PLATINUM RULE and CHARISMA
"Chris Witting has influenced millions with his award-winning radio show. Now, he's put the very best of his interivews with the super successful into this book. He presents dozens of paths to success that anyone can follow to their dreams!"
Author, WEALTH IN A DECADE
"This book represents another effort to enhance human intelligence to its maximum."
Founder, THE SILVA METHOD
"It took me 21 years to reach $1 million dollars in sales. Chris Witting's insights and helpful tips will get you started in 21 days!"
Founder and Chief Executive Officer
LILLIAN VERNON CORPORATION
"In 21-Day Countdown to Success, Chris Witting combines both classic and contemporary motivational insights that leads the reader to his or her own unique path to success. A valuable new book in a great old tradition!"
Dave Liniger, Chairman and Co-Founder


What is the biggest lie in the history of Christianity? What are we getting wrong? What’s something huge we can improve on?
I wanted to know how to be better, confident that I could pick out the biggest lie. Humbled as usual, I couldn’t have guessed the lie. It was something I could’ve known, but something that wasn’t completely obvious to me. Matthew Kelly does an incredible job of explaining Christianity, defending the faith, and discussing what we need to start changing. This book allowed me to see God in so many different ways, and not put Him in a box.
“If we step into the classroom of silence for a few minutes each day and make ourselves available to God, he will guide, encourage, and lead us. And the more we make ourselves available to him, the more clearly we will hear his voice.”
Matthew Kelly, The Biggest Lie in the History of Christianity
As Catholics, we should be striving for more, always. Asking God, “how can I be better? How can I do more for You? How can I accept Your graces to enable me to praise You more?” Though our attempts are sweet songs a young child would sing, nothing professional, God will hear it. Others will hear it. And we can change the world, with His grace.
Buy The Biggest Lie in the History of Christianity and find out what the lie is. I promise, you will feel empowered and ready to live as a Christian in the world. Encouragement, love, and a lot of truth. The book releases August 15th!


5 Ways To Style Coffee Table Books
“A stack of coffee table books is a chic, elegant, intellectual look that can add character to most any living room while also revealing volumes about the character of the person who lives there.” -Patrick Delanty, Designer
Coffee table books are one of our favorite ways to personality to any space and we use them in nearly every room! Not only can they provide inspiration, but they can also be an element of height in any console, built-in, or on coffee tables! Our current favorites are Interiors, AD 100, and Suzanne Kasler: Timeless Style. Keep reading for some inspiration on how to style your coffee table book!
No. 1 On Coffee Tables
When styling on coffee tables we love to incorporate books in unexpected ways to tell the story of the space and the people living in it. We like to create groupings of them in stacks to center a long rectangular table. They can bring height to decorative objects, and they can even be opened to a page that speaks to you. We love to style an open book on a page with beautiful photography! This is one of our favorite book easels. Find books that show your interests! For example design, golf, photography, travel, etc…
No. 2 In Built-Ins
When we are styling built-ins, coffee table books are the first accessory we start with! We love to mix up horizontal and veritable stacks to create a base of height and interest and layer them into corners that need filling. We love these white linen books that are perfect for styling your built-ins!
No. 3 On The Nightstand
Stacking coffee table books on nightstands are a great way to add interest to a bottom shelf or next to a lamp to switch up the levels!
No. 4 On The Entryway Table
Your entryway table is the perfect place to introduce your style that continues throughout the rest of your home, and expressional coffee table books are an easy way to showcase what you love. We love design or fashion books, but don’t shy away from incorporating books that bring attention to your interests and surroundings. This is another spot we love to use this acrylic easel to display beautiful book!
No. 5 In The Kitchen
While you may not think about styling books in your kitchen, it can be a great way to soften the space and make it feel more conversational. Style your favorite cookbooks on open shelving or use an easel to display a recipe you love!


Sacred Soil: The Piney Woods School Story (2024)
Sacred Soil is the story of Piney Woods School, one of America’s oldest Black boarding schools. This film amplifies the journeys of several school students and staff members, providing a never-before-seen window into the ever-evolving, complex layers of the school and its students. The movie vividly, beautifully captures the emotional, physical, and mental tolls required to be young, Black, and educated in America by honoring the students’ perspectives of themselves and their school.
Original Language: English
Release Date (Streaming): February 23, 2024
Leonardo DiCaprio as Ernest Burkhart
Robert De Niro as William King Hale
Lily Gladstone as Mollie Burkhart
Jesse Plemons as Thomas Bruce White Sr.
Tantoo Cardinal as Lizzie Q
John Lithgow as Peter Leaward
Production & Crew
Production Co: State of the Art, Inc
Director(s): JJ Anderson
Producer(s): Kelley L. Carter, JJ Anderson, Marc Jordan, Jason Aidoo


Learning to Count and Read
The book is about a little boy and his fuzzy bear. It is told through the bears eyes of the little boy and his days spent together.
A little girl's dream becomes a fantasy world full of magical creatures. She is their queen, and she and her court must rescue the unicorn babies from orcs and ogres. She also must reclaim their castle from a wicked witch.
Learning to count and read in Spanish
This book is about a baby giraffe who lives the zoo. She is in need of a friend. McKenna makes friends with the giraffe while she finds out she can talk to animals. here to edit text
It is about a nine year old boy who finds a medallion in the woods while playing and starts to display superpowers such as speed and strength. His parents as well as his aunt and uncle discover this and find out that the place he found the medallion was also where there had been people before with special powers. Government agents find out about this and seek to test the boy's powers to find out more about him. He is joined by one of the people with special powers, and with her help, his family and the government finally come to an agreement about his training and possible involvement with the government in the future
My name is Oliver and I am the donkey Jesus rode on once. I came to help children with their emotions, and dealing with problems. This book is about bullying.
This is a continuation of The Boy and his Mysterious Powers. Waylan and Joe have entered middle school. Waylan's powers continue to change as he continues to train and fight crime. He has also met a girl, and finds out she has super powers, too.
The Christmas Story told by Oliver the Donkey
My books can be found on Amazon.com under Andrea Renee SmithClick on the book for summary.
My books can be found on Amazon.com under Andrea Renee Smith
Click on the book for summary.


Rhonda Denise Johnson
Africation Afrocentric Education
Open A Door in Your Mind
Welcome to Africation
This site is dedicated to the education and enlightenment of the worldwide
Here you will find
The extensive audio library of Brother OldSoul's Consciousness Raising classes.
Listen Live to brotha OldSoul as he lays it down about the African American
experience and gives us the heads up on events in this world that affect us ~
every Sunday at noon EST. Raising the Conscious of African Americans from
Understanding to Overstanding Themselves and Their World
Homeschool Resource Center. Akaba is a Yoruba word meaning ladder. Here it is
also an acronym for African Knowledge and Basic Academics.
Language Resource Center
Learn to speak, read and write the five languages that may prove to be the most
important languages of the 21
century: Swahili, Spanish, Portugese,French and Chinese.
Discover the people and ideas that make up our rich African heritage..
Increase your knowledge of the African continet.
Let us know you stopped by.
Websites of interest to those who seek afrocentric knowledge.
copyright 2007 by Rhonda Johnson


MCA Choral Music Library
Over 2500 titles and growing
Borrowing from the MCA library is free (including shipping and handling) to all members.
If you find something you would like to borrow, please contact us.
Only 5 users can search at one time. This helps keep our costs for this service to a minimum. If you experience any difficulties, please wait a few minutes and try again.
You may browse the library by voicing:
Mixed, Soprano/Alto, Tenor/Bass, and Unison
Provincial Honour Choirs
Library Cost Share Program
MCA pays 75% of the purchase price and the MCA Member Choir pays 25%
The choir will be the first to use the music and then it will be entered into the MCA Library for use by all MCA Members.
MCA accepts choral music donations (minimum of 20 copies per piece).
Must be original copies. Photocopies will not be accepted unless accompanied by proof of purchase.


Youth Services Librarian-Full-Time
Rantoul, IL Job ID: 1403021The Rantoul Public Library is currently seeking a full time Youth Services Librarian to work with children and teens ages 0-18, as well as parents, teachers, and other adults. In addition, our Youth Services Librarian also serves as an unofficial Assistant Library Director. Duties and Responsibilities: - Assisting patrons and an- swering reference questions - Collection development - Planning and implementing programs for children and teens - Helping to supervise staff and volunteers - Outreach to schools and other organizations ***Master's degree in Library or Information Science preferred. Bachelor's degree required*** Please mail a cover letter, resume, and three professional references to: Holly Thompson Library Director Rantoul Public Library 106 W. Flessner Ave. Rantoul, IL 61866
Application instructions can be found in the job’s description.
Rantoul Public Library
Location: Rantoul, IL


A Journey Through the Unforgettable Past of Black America, Part 2
By: Markayle Tolliver
As Chicago continues to grow as well as the advancement and contributions of the African-American community, there are new heights that Blacks continue to aim for and achieve. African-Americans have had many important and vital roles that have led to great local, national and international changes and impact. Here’s a look at where we stand with Black achievement in the business community and the history behind the Black leaders of Chicago.
The city of Chicago was founded around 1780 by an African-American/Haitian male, Jean Baptiste Point duSable. Although du Sable’s settlement was early in the 16th century, African-Americans weren’t established here until 1840 after some passing of laws in Illinois that prohibited them from living here. As time continued to develop, there were more and more changes that eradicated the idea that African-Americans were to be segregated from others. As laws changed, the growth of Blacks also increased as well as their contributions in many different work industries.
In 1919, Chicago endured a race riot that caused a violent conflict between white Americans against Black Americans and it lasted for 5 days from July 27 to August 3, 1919 on the Southside. One of the triggering events that caused the riot was because of the death of a young black male on July 27; where he was swimming in Lake Michigan and drifted to an area that was reserved strictly for whites only. The young boy was stoned and eventually drowned. After police didn’t arrest the white man who did it, that is when Black observers who saw who did, began to gather on the beach with others, and disputes and fights began. Over the weeks, more race and mob/gang fights broke out throughout the city and violence escalated every incident. By the end, 38 were dead (25 Blacks and 15 whites), 537 injured, and about 1,000 Black families were left homeless. Due to the high violence/killings and the impact (economically and geographically), this riot is considered across the nation to be one of the worst riots and known as ‘Red Summer’. President Woodrow Wilson criticized and called down ‘the white race’ as the ‘aggressor’ in the riots and efforts were launched to promote racial harmony.
The large black population in Chicago faced many of the same challenges that they faced in the South. It was extremely difficult for Blacks to find jobs and housing because of the competition among other ethnic groups during a time of expansion of minority groups in the city. Even though there were other methods to maintain housing discrimination such as redlining and exclusive zoning to single-family housing, by 1927 Chicago political leaders began adopting racially restrictive covenants that limited what land can be used for. At one point, as much as 80% of the city’s area was included under restrictive covenants.
The Supreme Court of the United States in Shelley v. Kraemer ruled in 1948 that racially restrictive covenants were unconstitutional, but this did not quickly solve blacks’ problems with finding adequate housing. Homeowners’ associations discouraged members from selling to black families, which resulted in maintaining residential segregation. After 1945, the early white residents (many Irish immigrants and their descendants) on the South Side began to move away under pressure of new migrants and with newly expanding housing opportunities. African Americans continued to move into the area as it predominantly became Black and the area became the black capital of the country.
The world of Chicago politics and the Chicago business community is extremely vast and very influential to the continued growth of African-Americans and Chicago at large. In 1983, Chicago elected their first African-American mayor, Harold Washington. During a time of prejudice, animosity and strife; the Black community came together to collectively vote with enough power to allow Harold Washington to win the mayoral election against Bernard Epton, former state legislature. Washington was sworn in as mayor of Chicago on April 29, 1983.
In 2008, IL senator, Barack Obama – who resides and has work experience on the city’s Southside, became the first Black person and man to hold the position of POTUS.
Then in 2019, Chicago held a historical election that made national coverage; when Lori Lightfoot, then federal prosecutor, became the first Black woman and first openly gay person to hold the office.
“The Black Business Ecosystem of Chicago”
Blacks have held many C-suite level positions and run many Chicago-operated companies that provide economic growth and expansion. There are many Blacks in the Chicago business ecosystem that helps to vitalize and upkeep the business world.
In 1942, John Johnson, founded Negro Digest, now known as Johnson Publishing Company, a Black-owned publishing company founded and headquartered here in Chicago; and its mission was to elevate the positive stories of the Black community. There were times, John had issues with the printing of the publication and had many times when he had to stifle his promotions. In 1976, Black World, (the new name of the publication under new administration after the death of John Johnson) – was abruptly terminated and caused widespread protest in the Black Community. The creation of John Johnson’s publication gave way to many other Black newspapers such as Ebony, Jet, and Essence.
Mellody Hobson and John Rogers Jr, are jointly the co-CEOs of Ariel Investments, and they founded the organization in 1983; which is a global asset management company that specializes in small and mid-capitalized stocks in the US. Ariel Investments is the largest minority-owned investment company and has a strong Chicago impact in Bronzeville where the company gives support to The Renaissance Collaborative Inc.
Jim Reynolds, the CEO of Loop Capital, has worked on many Southside developments that promote economic growth and change. Recently, Reynolds and his company, was a main supporter in a new film and television studio, Regal Mile Studios coming to the South Shore community in the Summer of 2024.
Tell us about where you grew up and tell a special high school memory. I’m a Chicago native from the Humboldt Park community. One of my treasured High School memories…
Tell us a bit about the industry you are in and the work you focus on. Architecture is an industry where we get to define a city’s culture and history. …
Tell us about where you grew up and tell a special high school memory/story. I was born and raised in Los Angeles and went to Santa Monica High School; high…
A Conversation with Blake-Anthony Johnson, CEO and President of Chicago Sinfonietta Blake-Anthony Johnson’s multifaceted career has included work as a performer, collaborator, recording artist, and