The saying “a person is as precious as our eyes” evokes a profound realization of the value we ascribe to both life and the miraculous gift of sight. Our eyes are the primary conduits through which we perceive the world, interpret its beauty, and navigate its challenges. In the age of technology, where screens dominate our waking hours, our eyes are exposed to unprecedented strain and stress. It is in this context that “Kannodu Kanbathellam,” a Tamil book authored by Dhivya Pratheepa, an eye specialist, gains immense significance. The book beckons us to consider the depth of this analogy, delving into the imperative of eye care, understanding the intricate architecture and mechanisms of the eyes, and advocating for the noble act of corneal donation to restore vision. In a world where our visual experiences shape our understanding and connection with the world, cherishing and caring for our eyes becomes a paramount responsibility.
The Gift of Sight and the Importance of Eye Care:
Our eyes grant us the privilege of witnessing the world around us, and yet, we often take them for granted. In a world dominated by screens and digital devices, we subject our eyes to extensive strain, leading to various eye troubles. It becomes crucial to prioritize eye health, implementing measures to mitigate potential problems and seeking regular check-ups to detect issues early.
Understanding the Basic Science of the Eye:
Dhivya Pratheepa, through insightful narratives and engaging stories, elucidates the fundamental science of the eye. Light’s journey through the eye, reaching the retina, and being processed by the brain forms the basis of our vision. Exploring this journey helps us comprehend the importance of maintaining each component in this intricate process.
Cataracts and Vision Correction:
Cataracts, a common ailment affecting people of all ages, are demystified in the book. The lens, akin to a camera lens, may undergo changes over time, necessitating replacement during cataract surgery. The book sheds light on how advancements in medical science, like artificial lens replacement, have significantly improved vision for those affected by cataracts.
Vision Correction Techniques:
The book also delves into vision correction techniques, elucidating how lenses are used to address farsightedness and nearsightedness. By explaining how different lenses aid in focusing light on the retina, the book educates readers on the importance of accurate vision assessments and appropriate lens prescriptions.
The Importance of Corneal Donation:
One powerful message conveyed in “Kannodu Kanbathellam” is the significance of corneal donation. Highlighting that corneas can be donated after death, the author dispels misconceptions surrounding eye donation and encourages individuals to consider this act of generosity, potentially restoring someone’s vision and enhancing their quality of life.
“Kannodu Kanbathellam” by Dhivya Pratheepa encapsulates a heartfelt appeal to recognize the treasure that our eyes truly are. Through a blend of engaging narratives and enlightening stories, the book underscores the fundamental science of vision, revealing the astonishing journey light takes through our eyes to create the world we perceive. Moreover, it amplifies the importance of vigilance in eye care, offering a wealth of knowledge about vision correction techniques and the significance of maintaining our ocular health.
One of the book’s profound messages is the advocacy for corneal donation—a gesture that extends the blessing of sight to another individual, even beyond one’s own lifetime. By clarifying the misconceptions surrounding eye donation and shedding light on the critical role of corneas in vision restoration, the book ignites a spark of generosity and empathy in its readers. It stands as a compelling invitation to prioritize eye health, donate corneas, and ultimately, change someone’s world by granting them the invaluable gift of vision. As we journey through life, let us remember the aptness of the analogy—our eyes are truly as precious as the people we hold dear.


Reception of the Byzantine Political Culture and Literary Traditions in Medieval Georgia, ca 1030 –1213
In this dissertation, I aim to uncover the ways in which Byzantine ideas of power representation were transmitted to the empire’s periphery and adopted by the Georgian rulers who legitimized their rule and promoted their image in this way. I intend to study the ideology of kingship/queenship of the following rulers: Bagrat IV (r.1027–72), Giorgi II (1072–89), Davit IV (r. 1089–1125), Giorgi III (r. 1156–84) and queen Tamar (r. 1184–1213).
My research is based on the comparative study of the various Greek and Georgian literary narratives (historiographical writings, prose and verse panegyrics) as well as imperial/royal imagery, numismatic material, and epigraphic inscriptions. I focus on the Georgian and Byzantine sources that reflect the offical image of the kings/emperors, by means of which Georgian and Byzantine rulers comunicated their image to the audience. In the Georgian encomiastic historical writings and panegyric poetry I trace the evolution of the ideology of rulership. I intend to see what methods Georgian literati applied in their narratives to construct the image of the ideal rulers. My interest lies in the ways they arranged their narratives, and in the style, language, metaphors and Classical and Biblical exempla that they used. I place the encomiastic Georgian historiography and court poetry in the context and compare it with the Byzantine literary narratives in order to discern to what extent Georgian tradition followed Byzantine rhetorical traditions. For instance, Georgian panegyric poems as well as historical narratives were, similarly to Byzantine encomia, heavily imbued with sun-like and Christ like image of the ruler. The royal imagery and the numismatic materials serve as the examples of understanding the extent to which the Georgian rulers adopted Byzantine iconography and language of power for their self-promotion.


Executive Functions: What They Are, How They Work, and Why They Evolved, by Russell A. Barkley,
A Book Review
By J. Russell Ramsay, Ph.D.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is increasingly recognized as a developmental disorder of impaired executive functions. Rather than trying to seek an "attention” deficit in an adult, or attempting to separate "hyperactive” behavior from "typical” childhood activity, the executive function (EF) model provides a domain of behaviors that lend themselves to observation and assessment, more so than do the iconic but hard-to-define symptoms ensconced in the name of the disorder.
In his new book, "Executive Functions: What They Are, How They Work, and Why They Evolved,” Dr. Russell Barkley takes on the challenge of offering a cogent definition of the EFs, their relevance for human functioning, and an evolutionary perspective on why EFs came about at all. Although obviously stemming from and synthesizing Dr. Barkley’s lifetime of research into the effects of ADHD across a person’s lifespan, this book focuses on the existence and workings of EFs in human nature and their relevance for a wide range of topics beyond ADHD. This is not a clinical workbook or self-help guide, as was Dr. Barkley’s previous book, "Taking Charge of Adult ADHD” That being said, his review of the EFs does nothing but provide further support for the validity and seriousness of the diagnosis and need for treatments for ADHD.
After laying out the questions to be addressed in the book, namely those making up the book’s subtitle, Barkley reviews the multitude of EF definitions that have been given over the years and the limitations we have faced because of how EFs were previously understood and assessed. Barkley transcends these definitional and clinical shortcomings by adopting an extended phenotype view of the EFs. The extended phenotype is an evolutionary framework proposed by Richard Dawkins (1982) that helped explain the deep connection between genes, behavior, and the creation of artifacts that may clues to understanding the organisms that created them. For example, there are parasites that may propagate their genes by being able to be sustained longer and spread farther by host organisms than the parasites could do on their own. Summarized all too briefly, Barkley’s central thesis is that the EFs are self-regulatory behaviors that allow individuals to organize and execute plans that will improve their overall well-being in the future. Evolving as a social species, there was an overlap of the "individual” well-being of various members of a social group. This overlap of interests resulted in increasingly cooperative and mutually beneficial activities that produced larger, more complicated endeavors, such as communities, division of labor, and government, that created a selection pressure for the development of more sophisticated EFs so as to promote these complex social interactions.
The chapters in the middle of the book expand on this extended phenotype conceptualization of the EFs. Individual chapters are devoted to each zone of influence of the executive functions and their impact on human nature and societal functioning at that particular level of development. The final two chapters of the book address various disorders of the EFs, assessment, and treatment options, including discussions relevant for ADHD.
In terms of the objectives of the book, Barkley offers a definition of the EFs as "the use of self-directed actions so as to choose goals and to select, enact, and sustain actions across time toward those goals usually in the context of others, often relying on social and cultural means for the maximization of one’s longer-term welfare as the person defines that to be” (p. 176). He thoroughly reviews the basis for each element of this definition throughout the text.
The specific EF domains that have been identified for clinical assessment are: self-management across time, self-organization and problem solving; self-restraint (i.e., behavioral inhibition); self-motivation; and self-regulation of emotions (see also Barkley, 2011). The presence of these EFs has been identified as a reliable diagnostic indicator in the assessment of adult ADHD (Kessler et al., 2010). Across individual development, the EFs unfold from the Pre-Executive level (the neurological building blocks for later EFs), to the Instrumental-Self-Directed level (when the EF domains listed above emerge), to the Methodical-Self-Reliant level (goal-directed sequences of action are employed), to the Tactical-Reciprocal level (goals are met through social exchange and sharing), to the Strategic-Cooperative level (cooperation and acting in unison are used to achieve larger goals than could be achieved alone), culminating in the Extended Utilitarian level (goal-directed behaviors are guided by principles and to achieve mutually beneficial outcomes). The effects of the EFs radiate further away in time and distance from the individual with each successive level, though continuing to contribute to individual well-being and fitness for survival.
The answer to "why” EFs exist at all is associated with the increased social demands of group living, particularly groups of non-relatives with overlapping self-interests. Working together, groups of individuals can achieve more personally relevant goals than can be achieved alone. Of course, with increased cooperation (guided by individual self-interests), there is also increased opportunities for exploitation and "cheating,” which may create the need for rules, laws, and sense of morals, which could be considered social artifacts of the extended phenotype model.
Although not a book on ADHD per se, the role of the EFs is central to understanding the effects of ADHD on functioning, a view that has been put forward by Barkley, Dr. Thomas E. Brown, and many other leaders in the field. Barkley weaves his theory using evolution, the extended phenotype model, neuropsychology, psychology, etc. and illustrates the role of EFs on various facets of human nature, social institutions, and fields of study, such as economics. Professionals interested in ADHD and EFs will find a great deal of helpful background and theoretical information. The clinical applications of the model are addressed at the end of the book, though in somewhat broad strokes. Overall, this extended view of the EFs makes for a fascinating read about an important facet of human nature and will give interested readers much to ponder.
J. Russell Ramsay, Ph.D. is Co-Chair of ADDA’s Professional Advisory Board, co-director and co-founder of PENN's Adult ADHD Treatment and Research Program, and associate professor of clinical psychology at the Perelman School of Medicine. Dr. Ramsay is author of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Adult ADHD: An Integrative Psychosocial and Medical Approach (Practical Clinical Guidebooks) (with Dr. Anthony Rostain) and Nonmedication Treatments for Adult ADHD: Evaluating Impact on Daily Functioning and Well-Being.
Barkley, R. A. (2011). Barkley deficits in executive functioning scale. New York: Guilford.
Dawkins, R. (1982). The extended phenotype: The long reach of the gene. New York: Oxford University Press.
Kessler, R.C., Green, J. G., Adler, L. A., Barkley, R. A., et al. (2010). Structure and diagnosis of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Analysis of expanded diagnostic criteria from the adult ADHD clinical diagnostic scale. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67, 1168-1178.


This edition covers early rice yields in southwest Louisiana, ratoon stubble management, sheath blight, AV-5055 headed rice bird repellent, LSU AgCenter seeks hybrid rice seed partner, and how to join the text message group. This edition and older editions can be found on the LSU AgCenter’s Rice website here:
This edition covers upcoming field days, crop update, disease management, rice drying and rice irrigation survey results, a new channeled apple snail survey, and how to join the text message group. This edition and older editions can be found on the LSU AgCenter’s Rice website here: http://www.lsuagcenter.com/topics/crops/rice/field_notes
This edition covers rice yields, weather, late season sheath blight, and information about the Louisiana Recovery Grant Program.
This edition covers current crop issues including the rise in sheath blight in south Louisiana, effect of midday rain on flowering rice, leaf miners, the black rice bug.


Short overview of our courses
The second edition handbook is available only in hard copy format for the ISM students, free of charge. The first edition is electronically available via scribd.com. Both handbook editions are protected by copyrights law and it is forbidden to copy any items from the handbook without explicit permission of the authors. The handbook contains short chapters from all the courses in the IT&C Security Master Program Curricula.
Ion IVAN, Cristian TOMA, Informatics Security Handbook 1st Edition,
Bucharest 2006, ISBN 9789735948405


There can’t be many people interested in wine that haven’t seen or aren’t familiar with the 2004 film ‘Sideways’. Starring Paul Giamatti (Miles) and Thomas Haden Church (Jack) as old college friends who go through US wine country ahead of Jack’s impending marriage, the film (and book that it was based on) was a love-note to the Pinot Noir grape and managed to change real-life perceptions of the variety whilst forcing negative light on Merlot.
What’s perhaps less known is original author Rex Pickett penned a sequel to Sideways; Vertical, which was originally self-published way back in 2010. Following some ‘pruning and adjustments’ to the content and with a bit more funding behind it, the book is now about to be re-launched to a wider audience.
In a strange blending of art imitating life imitating art, the previously downtrodden character of Miles (a depiction of Pickett) is now the successful author of a book called Shameless. This novel, which is clearly the same as the real-life Sideways, was then made in to a successful film (in both the book and real life). Miles is now scouting for ideas for his new book (which has technically already been written as the book Vertical).
Vertical follows Miles as he heads off to a speaking engagement at the International Pinot Noir Celebration in Oregon and, roping along Jack for support, they are also joined by Miles’ ailing mother Phyllis and her carer Joy.
From the detail and attention that has gone in to such things as the passing scenery, the driving routes they take, and even which way the wind is blowing, it feels that Pickett is writing first-hand about his own trip to Oregon off the back of the success of the real Sideways. Rather than read it as a first-hand Pickett narrative, given how much Giamatti and Haden Church absorbed and became the characters of Miles and Jack in the Sideways film, I chose to read the book with their voices in my head, rather than treat them as simply the Martin and Jake characters who star in the Shameless film.
I read the first half of the book, almost in one go, whilst the sun was streaming in through a window. Such was the beautifully composed narrative I was immediately transported to the blue skies of wine country, ready to jettison my life and head off on such a wine adventure myself. Even at 10am in the morning I was thirsty reading it.
I’m always wary of any book that carries a back-page review that says ‘laugh-out-loud funny’, but there were several moments throughout their road trip I did indeed laugh out loud. Clearly imagining the chilled-out Haden Church delivery of Jack, one whole story arc is a joy to read. I won’t spoil the details, but suffice to say I’m now well aware of what priapism is!
I’d also be willing to get the Kickstarter fund going to make the movie, just to see the moment that the brake comes off of Phyllis’ wheelchair on a vineyard terrace and she goes tumbling down through the steeply sloped vines whilst Miles, Jack and Joy chase after her. Or where Miles gets dropped in to a pool of his despised Merlot!
The comedic situations in the book mean that you’ll enjoy it even with no prior wine knowledge, but there’s plenty of references here for those in the know, even if a few do seem a little superfluously thrown in (e.g. “I didn’t know very much….relying heavily on Jancis Robinson’s brilliant encyclopedia on the subject, The Oxford Companion to Wine”).
There’s certainly enough detail for you to make your own wine pilgrimage to match that of the book which, after reading it, is exactly what you’ll be wanting to do.
A great read, and well recommended.
With thanks to Loose Gravel Press for providing the review copy of this book.


The History of Birth Control
The first of two films from the Birth Control Movie Project, BIRTH CONTROL: How Did We Get Here? zeroes in on the history of birth control and its massive impact on the Church, marriage, and family.
Raising godly children is no longer viewed as marriage’s primary purpose. Instead, adults seek companionship, convenience, and physical gratification, perverting God’s purpose for marriage for their own humanistic aims. The Church, marriage, and the family are being crushed under the wheels of the runaway train of culture, and the train’s locomotive is called “birth control.”
- Dr. George Grant
- Dr. Allan Carlson
- Geoffrey Botkin
- Dr. R.C. Sproul, Jr.
- Lila Rose
- Kevin Swanson
- Julie Roys
Learn how abortion, racial segregation, and eugenics all play a role in the current birth control reality, and how the Church’s reinterpretation of Scripture and rejection of Church history have allowed this tragedy.
BIRTH CONTROL: How Did We Get Here? won Runner-Up to the Best Sanctity of Life in the 2013 San Antonio Independent Christian Film Festival.


Subham Reading Room
Free Model Test 1
No of Questions: 100
Exam Duration: 90 minutes
Start Time: Aug. 16, 2020, 3:37 a.m.
End Time: Dec. 31, 2020, 11:59 p.m.
Correct Answer: One point per Question.
Wrong Answer: No negative points.
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May 14th, 2016
11:00am to 2:00pm
Have Lunch with these Strong Women Authors.
Here’s your opportunity to ask two acclaimed authors anything about writing and publishing. Each author will speak and take questions, and they will spend time at every table during lunch.
Diane les Becquets’ novel Breaking Wild features two strong women surviving physical and emotional hardships in the Colorado wilderness.
“This is a powerful story of survival, wilderness field craft, and fractured relationships packed into a suspenseful plot with more than a few surprises….After three young adult novels, Les Becquets scores big with this very adult thriller about two women facing life and death challenges in western Colorado’s rugged wilderness.”
— Publishers Weekly
“In Les Becquets’ crisp, immersive novel…she chronicles the harsh beauty of wintertime in the mountains while reminding us that people aren’t puzzles to be solved; they are fierce works in progress.”
— Isabella Biedenharn, Entertainment Weekly
Sanderia Faye’s novel is about a young girl growing up strong during the Civil Rights struggles in southern Arkansas.
“Mourner’s Bench should be mandatory reading for those seeking understanding of this part of the civil rights struggle. Sanderia’s deft touch in creating her characters makes her novel accessible to wide audiences on multiple levels. ...Surely Mourner’swill become a classic selection for higher education.” —Dr. April Burris
To keep the luncheon personal and make sure everyone has time with the authors, seating is limited.
A $50 donation will secure your invitation. All proceeds go to support the writing programs of the VIllage Writing School.
Make your donation HERE.


When working in the pagoda, I was surprised a few times by one of those heavy downpours which occur daily during the rainy season and which swiftly become a storm. Barely in the shelter of the closest gallery than I hear the wind rushing through the monument with the noise of thunder resounding and all the echoes in this old building, suddenly woken up, rumbling and moaning dully. The flashing lightning illuminates the entire temple with an immense and sinister glimmer and displays its towers still proudly braving the rage of the elements.
Little by little the wind recedes, the rains continue their slow work of destruction alone and, through the openings of the archways, it falls in streams pressed along the columns of moss. All the noises from outside are absorbed by the immense murmuring which is formed by the waterfalls which from archway to archway, from gallery to gallery, from terrace to terrace, come to fall in torrents in the interior courtyards.
The rain has stopped, the rustling of the water diminishes, becomes silent and dies. By intervals, one hears only the silvery dripping of large drops of water which makes the gallery resound loudly. Some frightened bats bump into each other under the archways. in the end, the silence re-establishes itself completely. The sun reappears, the song of the birds, interrupted for some moments, begins again, the ring doves call each other, cooing from the heights of the towers.
Garnier, Vol. 1: 23


Weavers named in 18th and 19th Century Chartularies of King James VI Hospital, Perth
Part One: 1759-1802
The King James VI Hospital was established in 1569, its remit to raise money on behalf of the "poor and indigent members of Jesus Christ" through the adminstration of the former monastic lands of Perth prior to the Reformation some nine years earlier.
In 1891, R. Milne transcribed the original rental books of the Hospital, covering the 16th and 17th Centuries. The preface to his book contains a potted history of the hospital until the end of the Eighteenth Century, and as such, whilst studying for my Postgraduate Diploma in Genealogical Studies, I decided to take on the next stage for my dissertation. The project analysed the Hospital records for the 19th century, in order to work out the role of the institution as a feudal superior throughout the 1800s. To help on that front, I summarised three full chartularies and three rental books from the mid 18th century to the end of the 19th Century. As on the previous page, I have scoured the chartularies for all mentions of weavers, and the results are listed below.
Summary of a Charter of Confirmation in favour of George Burges (
The Poor and Indigent Members of Jesus Christ Residing within the Burgh of Perth, heritable proprietors
David Kemp, minister of the Gospel at Gask, Master of the Hospital
Rev. David Black, minister of
Rev. James Scott, minister of
Elders of the Kirk Session of
For the sum of £6 paid by George Burges weaver in Perth we conform the right and Disposition dated 13 JUL 1737 made and granted by William Schioch shoemaker at Powside (?) of Clackmannan where he sold, alienated and disponed in favour of Alexander McDuff minister in Perth, and his heirs etc, the tenement of land which belonged to and was built by the umquhile James Young sometime Deacon of the Bakers of Perth with the yard and all pertinents lying without the Turnbridge Port of Perth on the south side of the highway leading from the said port towards Tullilumb & within the jurisdiction of the burgh of Perth, bounded with the land sometime of umquhile Robert Cock and now the heirs of James Oliphant on the east, the lands sometime of Alexander Anderson & thereafter John Sibbald & of ___ on the south; the lands sometime of Henry Crie and Patrick Auchinliek & now of the heirs of Robert Miller & Patrick Young on the west; and the said highway leading westward from the said Turret Bridge on the north parts. Together with the Instrument of Sasine in favour of the said Alexander McDuff upon the foresaid Disposition, as written by Walter Miller Notary Public dated 19 & 29 SEP 1747 in the Particular register of sasines for the shire of Perth. Also the Disposition made by Walter McDuff re: the tenement and the east half of the yard as the same was straighted & divided & three march stones placed upon the line of Division or march with the pertinents dated 9 JAN 1764 to and in favour of George Burges, and his heirs etc, along with the Instrument of Sasine, written by William Austin, notatry public, dated 23 and 25 APR last in the Particular Register of Sasines for the shire of Perth. All of these are now confirmed by the Hospital in Burges’ favour, and to his heirs and assignees etc, to be held in feu farm.
Feu duty 10s 6d Scots, payable in two terms at Whitsunday and Martinmas, first payable 1766 for the year preceding.
Recorded by William Austin writer in
William McDuff, maltman in
David Kemp Hospital Master, James Scott minister, David Black minr, Robert Robertsone elder, Neill Menzies elder, Laurence Proudfoot elder, John Gardiner elder, Thomas Brown elder, William McDuff witness William Austin witness.
Summary of a Precept of Clare Constat in favour of James Ritchie of a Tenement of Land on eastmost half of a yard without the
The Poor and Indigent Members of Jesus Christ Residing within the Burgh of Perth, superiors of the Lands underwritten
Robert Ready, Master of the Hospital
Rev. James Leatt, minister of the Gospel in
Rev. James Moody, minister of the Gospel in
Elders of the Kirk Session of
It is clear from certain documents etc that the deceased George Burges Weaver in Perth, Brother German to the Deceased Elspith Burges who was wife to Thomas Ritchie Weaver in Dundee and mother of James Ritchie Weaver in Perth bearer hereof, died last vest and seased as of the fee at the Faith and Peace of our sovereign Lord George III, in all and whole the tenement of land which sometime belonged to and was built by the deceased James Young sometime Deacon of the Bakers of Perth with the eastmost yard as the same was straightened and divided and three march stones placed upon the Line of Division or March, with the pertinents thereof, lying without the Turret Bridge Port of Perth on the Southside of the High Roads leading from the said Port towards Tullylumb and within the jurisdiction and territory of the burgh of Perth and bounded with the land and yard sometime of umquhile Robert Cock thereafter of James Olyphant, and now with the tenement of land and yard belonging to Alexander Henderson Weaver and James Imrie shoemaker on the east; the land and yard sometime of Henry Crie and Patrick Auchinleck thereafter of Robert Miller and Patrick Young thereafter of Alexander MacDuff of Bonhard and now of Alexander MacDuff of Bonhard his son on the west; the tenement sometimeof Alexander Anderson, thereafter of John Sibbald and now of the heirs of Patrick Craigie on the south; and the said highway leading west from the said Turret Bridge on the north., which tenement was purchased by George Burges from the deceased Alexander MacDuff of Bonhard. And that James Ritchie is the nearest lawful heir of George Burges his uncle, and of age.
Feu duty 10s 6d Scots annually for the land to be paid by James Ricthie and the proprietors of the westmost half of the said yard retained by the deceased Alexander MacDuff, and 6d augmentation of the said feu duty, all payable in two equal payments annually at Whitsunday and Martinmas, doubling upon entry for one year of all subsequent heirs. Confirmation is granted in favour of James Ritchie and he is infeft.
Recorded by Richard Black, writer in
William Henderson, late Deacon of the Weaver Incorporation of Perth
Peter Morrison, weaver there
Walter Miller, writer there
and by Robert Ready Hospital Master at
Thomas Just, baker in
Walter Miller, writer there
Robert Ready Hospital Master, James Scott minister, James Moody minister, Alexander Tod elder, Laurence Wright elder, James Ogilvy elder, William Henderson witness, Peter Morrison witness, Walter Miller witness, Thomas Just witness Walter Miller witness.
Charter of Resignation and Novodamus in favour of the Right Honourable the Earl of Kinnoull, St. Michael’s Croft in the parish and sheriffdom of Perth
Charter of Confirmation and Precept of Clara Constat to Robert Imrie as heir to Robert Imrie his father of the North half of the tenement and yard aftermentioned (lying west of wynd leading to the common milns of
Charter of Feu to the Community of the Burgh of
(Salt Vennel off
Charter of Resignation to Sir Thomas Moncrieffe of the Lands of Saint Magdalene
Precept of Clare Constat in favour of Sir Thomas Moncrieff baronet of the LANDS of Friartown &c Dated
Charter of Resignation in favour of John Imbrie of the South half of the Tenement and yard within mentioned as Heir to John Imbrie his father
Dated 12 DEC 1793 (Mill Wynd)
Charter of Confirmation in favour of Andrew Robertson, Patrick Grant, Thomas Blair and John Johnston
(Tanyard now J. Pullar and Son)
Charter of Confirmation and Precept of Clare Constat in favour of Betty or Elizabeth Anderson and Christian Chughton as heirs portioners to Charles Anderson
Charter of Confirmation in favour of John McEwen
Contract of Feu in favour of William Wright, George Miller and Alexander Ritchie & Company (Brewery) Dated
Charter of Resignation of a lot in Blackfriars, in favour of Charles Laing
Charter of Resignation of a lot in Blackfriars, in favour of James Caw Manufacturer in


A simple and original tool for creating great stories in the ESL classroom. This resource works both your students’ writing skills and various ESL objectives.
This resource consists of 10 separate story starters your students will use to create their masterpieces.
The purpose of this resource is to guide your students in the creation of oral or written stories.
Each STORY STARTER contains, in a box at the top, the starting point of the story: information about the main character, the initial situation along with when and where it begins, and the time the story must end. In each story, the main character(s) faces a challenge. Students tell a story to lead the main character(s) to a happy ending.
Underneath each beginning there are boxes with:
Students will draw on these to complete their stories. We also offer some grammatical constraints to create challenges or focus on specific grammar points.
Thanks to this resource, students can practice such useful ESL subjects such as vocabulary of everyday life, hours, different tenses, logic connectors and expressions of time.
Use with A2+ and up! Have higher expectations for your more advanced students.
The download link for this resource is valid for 2 months
It takes a team of 13 to create and produce this material. In order for that to continue, please think about purchasing your own subscription to ESL Expertz and encourage your colleagues to do the same. We appreciate your confidence and support!


Development Environment and Programming Standards
The document "Development Guidelines" contains a step-by-step manual for installing the AN.ON developement tools in Windows, Linux and MacOS.
The document contains some important rules that code developers should follow to ensure a good cooperation and readability.
The file ANON.jbuilder.codestyle contains the formatting rules f
Continuous IntegrationWe use Jenkins for continuous integration. The current state can be found at the Jenkins Dashboard.
Source Codes of JAP, Mixes, and InfoService
You can get the sources either by downloading one of the daily automatically-generated tarballs or by accessing the
most up-to-date version via anonymous subversion. Please use the following as subversion URL:
CVS module name: Jap
Daily built snapshot of JAP source code: jap.src.tgz
The following libraries are necessary to compile the JAP source code:
Browse the (incomplete) documentation of JAP sources.
JonDo-PortableCVS module name: JonDoPortable
Portable version of JAP / JonDo compatible with Portableapps.
Windows installation assistantCVS module name: JAPWinInstall
Daily built snapshot of the AnonLib source code: anonlib.src.tgz
Daily built libraries: anonlib.jar
The following libraries are required to compile the AnonLib source code:
Browse the (incomplete) documentation of AnonLib sources.
Daily built snapshot of the GuiLib source code: guilib.src.tgz
Daily built libraries: guilib.jar
You need the AnonLib in order to compile the GuiLib source code.
Subversion module name: proxytest
Last stable source for Version 00.01.xx: mix_V00.01.74.src.tgz
Daily built snapshot of Mix source code: mix.src.tgz
The following libraries are necessary to compile the source code of Mixes:
CVS module name: Jap
Daily built snapshot of InfoService source code: infoservice.src.tgz
The following libraries are necessary to compile the source code of InfoService:
Browse the (incomplete) documentation of InfoService.
CVS module name: MixConfig
Daily built snapshot of MixConfig Tool source code: mixconfig.src.tgz
You need the AnonLib and the GuiLib (see above) in order to compile the source code of MixConfig Tool.
Browse the (incomplete) documentation of the MixConfig Tool sources.


(A few recent examples and some kind words of thanks)
COVER, TITLE, BLURB & PAGE DESIGN
We don’t believe in the old saw that you can’t judge a book by its cover. We think it’s crucial to the saleability of the book that any prospective buyer should be able to make an instant decision on whether what’s inside will appeal just by a quick glance at the cover and the title (and then turning the book over to read the blurb). Here are a few examples of some of our recent books and a brief synopsis of what’s between the covers – judge for yourself if you think we’ve met our own standards:
Synopsis: Water Colours is the follow-up to artist Maurice (Mole) Pledger’s best-selling fishing autobiography, While My Float’s Still Cocked. It is jam-packed with more of his madcap memories of escapades with his fishing friends over the years, and is liberally illustrated throughout with both exquisite watercolours and black and white drawings.
Note on cover, title, blurb and page design: Once more Pete shows his fine ability to blend an illustration with photographs to create a uniquely artistic cover – ideal for a book written and illustrated by a unique artist. This is the second book that Maurice, Paul and Pete have collaborated on, during which time their relationship developed from author/editor/designer to friends. Friends with a unanimity of purpose to produce a book that is not only technically as good as it can be, but as perfect as it can be creatively.
The blurb is designed to complement this fine cover. Here are a few snippets:
Many of Maurice’s best fish are caught not on bait but on canvas …
Water Colours continues the story of Maurice Pledger’s love of the countryside and painting, of fishing and fish caught in the company of close friends …
[It is] chock-full of witty, whimsical memories and madcap escapades in pursuit of specimen perch, pike, carp and chub …
Testimonial: ‘And as before, without the collective magic of my friends Paul Curtis and Pete MacKenzie – my words would have remained on sheets of paper and my paintings on the board. True artists both.'
(Maurice Pledger, artist and author)
Fly Fishing Outside the Box
Synopsis: Fly Fishing Outside the Box challenges several fly fishing orthodoxies and confronts died-in-the-wool ‘purists’ who, the author believes, have been led astray by traditional writers on the subject. The author then suggests remedies to old, incorrect thinking and suggests new methods based on logic and impeccable research. Fly Fishing Outside the Box has been praised by many of the current gurus of fly fishing and hailed as the most important fishing book in years.
Note on cover, title, blurb and page design: The title was the author’s idea. After a deep read of the manuscript though, we felt it needed some additional help to truly represent the scope of the book, and gave it a sub-title (Emerging Heresies) and a visual interpretation of the author’s thinking (the ‘nine dot’ graphic on the cover). Interestingly it was Pete (the designer) who came up with the sub-title and Paul (the editor) who thought that a visual representation of the nine dot problem might be good on the cover. This illustrates the synergies that editors and designers working close together can achieve.
We began the blurb with: Fly Fishing Outside the Box takes a hammer and chisel to many set-in-stone fly fishing and fly-tying perceptions and practices … And then simply let famous fly-fishing experts such as Charles Jardine, Paul Schullery, Timothy Benn, Andrew Herd and Tony Haytor have their (unbiased) say.
Testimonial: 'When I signed [with the publishing company] what I didn’t know is that I would be given the unstinting services of two such brilliant and insightful people as Paul Curtis, the managing editor of this book, and Pete Mackenzie its designer. It would be fair to say that both leapt to appreciate both the general drift of the book and its many nuances.
(Peter Hayes, author)
Synopsis: Poles Apart by Michael Nadell, is the result of the author's lifelong love affair with the London roach pole – a massive, usually cane, fishing pole wielded by mainly working class fishermen and which, though once extremely popular, has disappeared almost entirely. Michael has the world's largest collection of London roach poles and an encyclopaedic knowledge on the history of the subject.
Note on cover, title, blurb and page design: Poles Apart, although extraordinary in its detail, is no dry assembly of facts but, rather, is written with the enthusiasm, and more than a touch of humour, of someone completely at home with his subject. Author Michael Nadell grew up in the East End of London and fished the London roach pole in local waters as a youngster and the subject is close to his heart. So it was important to edit Poles Apart with careful consideration to this as well as respecting the language he used. The cover had to represent the history of the subject and its working class heritage while the page design needed to show a massive array of fact and illustration without simply being a catalogue of information.
Testimonial: Thanks Paul and Pete for the wonderful editing and design job you've done on my book, Poles Apart. I'd certainly recommend your excellent service to authors anywhere.
(Michael Nadell, author)
Synopsis: Cecily Sash – Artist and Teacher is a revision of an earlier book about this renowned South African artist who lives on the Welsh Borders. Heavily illustrated with work from her entire career, the brief was to add an extra section with examples of her output from the last 10 years and update the text in conjunction with the editor, Charles MacCarthy.
Note on cover, title, blurb and page design: As there were no existing digital files from the original book a printed copy was dissected and scanned before editorial changes were made. Images were processed to overcome any pitfalls presented by the original halftones and new work added from transparencies and digital files. We also photographed a number of the recent works for inclusion in the book. Work was also undertaken on a companion DVD featuring a filmed interview with Cecily Sash that was prepared and released together with the book.
FURTHER SELECTED BOOK PROJECTS
Synopsis: Tied in the Hand: Odyssey of a Salmon Fly Tyer by Sven-Olov Hård is (to paraphrase the blurb) '… the account of Sven-Olov Hård’s life-long journey in search of the perfect salmon fly … and a testament to his quest to tie them using the same methods the Victorian masters perfected – in the hand, without the aid of a fly-tying vice.' Sven-Olov is a remarkable man who is without doubt the world’s foremost authority on tying salmon flies ‘in the hand’.
Note on cover, title, blurb and page design: Tied in the Hand, which was translated from Swedish, was originally titled ‘An Odyssey Among Classic Salmon Flies’. After several in-depth readings of the book and a development edit, Paul changed the title to Tied in the Hand which, with a new subtitle, much better captures the essence of the book. The pages of the book were beautifully designed by Birgitta Hjelm, while Pete came up with the classic cover design, blending three different images and capturing both the essence and mood of the book perfectly.
Synopsis: The Forgotten Flies of Roger Woolley is a product of meticulous research by author John Watson on the contents of recently discovered fly wallets that belonged to the highly regarded professional fly-tyer, Roger Woolley. It brings to light Woolley’s almost-forgotten importance in the evolution of fly-tying, analysing and illustrating the large repertoire of Woolley’s innovative fly patterns.
Note on cover, title, blurb and page design: This is possibly the best illustration of what we mean by the cover mirroring what to expect inside the book. It is another of Pete’s more challenging designs, especially from the technical point of view. This cover is a meld of three visual elements as in Water Colours. There is the illustration of the river in the background and then two separate photographs (taken by Pete) of the grass bank in the foreground and the fly wallet on top of it. After careful deep-etching and manipulation to get perspectives right, the result is quite startling. One can imagine the fly wallet falling out of Roger Woolley’s pocket while he clambered up the bank after a day’s fishing. The blurb expands on the theme that The Forgotten Flies of Roger Woolley is a classic work of fly fishing literary detection.
Woolley was one of the most important and influential fly-dressers of his era, yet today he is hardly remembered … The Forgotten Flies of Roger Woolley reintroduces to the angler a whole series of important and effective trout and grayling patterns.
Testimonial: ‘Thanks to Paul Curtis and Pete Mackenzie for their invaluable input and skills in putting the book together.’
(John Watson, author)
Synopsis: A Home on the Rolling Main is a fascinating memoir by Lt Tony Ditcham and details his Naval career in destroyers during WW2. Based on his journals and recollections it features dramatic incidents such as the sinking of the Scharnhorst and D Day.
With encouragement from Pete, the author made available many of his private photographs from the period and, along with Tony's own illustrations, these images were integrated into the narrative. The book was initially published privately but has since been taken up and reprinted in paperback form by Seaforth Press.
Synopsis: Shore Fishing: A Guide to Cardigan Bay by John Mason is the definitive guide to fishing the region. The author has gone to great detail on places to fish (he fished every one of the fishing spots himself) and has included a detailed fish I.D. list (with photographs of the fish, most of which were caught by the author).
Note on cover, titles, blurb and page design: The fine colour illustration on the cover of Shore Fishing is by wildlife artist David Miller and really whets the appetite of anyone planning a sea fishing trip to the area. The design idea was to create almost a template for further books in a series on places to fish in the U.K. Watch this space for the next!
Synopsis: While My Float’s Still Cocked, the fishing autobiography of children’s author and illustrator Maurice (Mole) Pledger, was one of Pete and Paul’s first projects together. It has gone to a second printing and has led to a follow-up book, Water Colours.
Note on cover, titles, blurb and page design: While My Float’s Still Cocked could be a case study of how well a project can come together when there is a close collaboration between author, editor and designer. The book was carefully edited, crafted and honed over many months, to create a synergy between Mole’s fine pictures (many specially created for the book) and his (very) whacky take on life. The cover needed to be as intriguing as the somewhat daring (for a fishing book) title. The combining of one of Mole’s illustrations with a photograph of lily pads makes for a truly eye-catching graphic.
Synopsis: Golden Days by Romilly Fedden, is a classic of angling literature and describes an idyllic moment in time in rural France just before the Great War was to destroy an entire way of life. We were introducing it to a new generation of readers.
Note on cover, titles, blurb and page design: The cover says it all – a concept of ours and a neat bit of compositing by Pete using a fine illustration by well-known wildlife artist, Terence Lambert, and a photograph of the Delville Wood battleground courtesy of the Imperial War Museum. But just so no-one missed the significance and lyricism of the writing between the covers, part of the blurb read:
First published in 1919 Golden Days is one of the great classics of angling literature. Yet it is so much more than a book on fishing. Written in the dungeon-dark days of the Great War, Golden Days celebrates idyllic, never-to-be-returned-to times in Brittany before the so-called ‘war to end all wars’. Richly conjuring up the texture of time and place with a marvellous eye and unfailing ear, it is a story of great friendship, a journey of discovery, intimate and immediate.
The Brunels – Engineers Extraordinaire is a celebration in verse written by John Byrne. This small volume of poetry was prepared as a hardback with dustjacket in conjunction with the writer, and augmented with images by noted engraver JC Bourne. We sourced the high resolution files for these images and negotiated the necessary reproduction rights with the copyright holder on behalf of the author.
Synopsis: Flyfishing the Welsh Borderlands by Roger Smith is a detailed history of the flies and fishermen of the Welsh border regions. It started life as a short lecture given to the Grayling Society and ended up, after much consultation and work together, as a book of 342 pages. It's a book now recognised as the definitive reference to the area and its fishing history.
Note on cover, titles, blurb and page design: We kept the design simple having been fortunate enough to find an old Victorian-era illustration of a fisherman preparing for the ‘first cast of the season’ on a Borderland stream. The illustration was fortuitously in Paul’s personal collection and was originally published in the London Illustrated News.
An artist's monograph about successful Hay-on-Wye artist Jean Miller, featuring a biography and gallery of work. Her brightly coloured Matisse-like paintings are featured in a hardback book printed by expert printers, Contitipocolor, in Italy.
Falconry's Falconer is a celebration of the life of one of Britain's greatest falconers, Phillip Glasier. The author of the book, American falconer Richard Fitzgerald, originally conceived it as an e-book. However the publisher asked us if we could work closely with Richard to adapt the original to bring in the project at an economic enough price to warrant a print version. We could and we did.
Richard's enthusiasm for his subject was infectious and we put every effort possible in making sure he had a book he could be proud of. That we succeeded was reflected in an email he sent shortly after the launch of the book:
'The book itself is finer than I had anticipated. For that, I must thank you for your diligence and experience. The pictures used embellished just right. The print is, as you advised, quite readable and easy on the eye.'
(Richard Fitzgerald, author)
Shadows on the Stream Bed is a series of reminiscences by Tom Sutcliffe, South Africa’s internationally-renowned flyfisherman. It was edited and project managed by Paul (who came up with the title) for Platanna Press.
This is what Nick Lyons – founder of Lyons Press and doyen of American outdoor publishing wrote in an email to Tom: ‘There was never a better jacket painting for such a book, and with that title!’
Jo Orchard-Lisle spent a year researching fishing huts in Scotland, England and Wales, taking in many of the famous and not-so-famous structures that provide shelter and a focus for anglers. From Cotton's hut in Derbyshire to a bus in the Hebrides this fascinating book contains a wealth of written and photographic detail.
Pete worked extensively with Jo to make sure the printed result did her work justice taking extra pictures where necessary and sourcing the reproduction rights for maps. The book sold out quickly and is now a collector's item.
The first book in this highly successful beginner's fly fishing series, The South African Fly Fishing Clinc, was written by Paul. The others in the series were written and edited in collaboration with well-known fishing writers, Jonathan Boulton, Tom Sutcliffe, Sudesh Pursad, Anthony Kruger and Bruce Black. The first in the series is soon to go into its third printing whilst the others will shortly need reprinting.
The best testimonials received have been from scores of beginner flyfishers who have written in thanks for the simple, practical, down-to-earth writing and instructions in the books.
Ronni wrote this tongue-in-cheek dictionary of advertising, journalism, PR and publishing terms for her first year copywriting class. It proved immediately popular, not only with with her students as a jargon-buster, but also for for young people entering the various industries.
Talk the Talk is currently out of print but Ronni has been asked by the advertising school to update and expand the contents and it should be available again mid-2014.
Country Pursuits • Sports • History • Military • Art • Cookery • Design


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Last updated on March 28, 2018 by Saket Leave a comment
In this digitization time, everything we need to get an insight into the world of science, just on a click. The genesis of online digital libraries has changed the game for many around the world. This has granted a freedom for many to read around the world around the world. These websites provide access to many research papers published in the enormous number of publications. By getting the best intellectual information, we can receive a pure and reasonable information about our topic of research.
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academia is one of the most trusted websites for research papers in all areas of studies. With over four and a half million users, it basically works as a social media platform for researchers, just like Facebook. First and foremost on the hands of the papers for free, it is considerably one of the most popular websites to publish them as well. It is outside the box functions also the ability of a user to monitor the effects of its published articles or papers and a compatible validation mechanism.
It is an online directory of open access pins and papers. DOAJ helps users to search for scientific topics in its overwhelming database in several areas. It is one of the world's most desirable websites for the access of research papers. By creating an account, you can participate in a huge research family and their high-quality research and development papers.
With a tremendous population of research papers, this British origin website has been a familiar product for many years. You will receive an access more than half a million open source papers by clicking. Classified as a fast-growing website, it has a huge collection. Like others on this list, this is also a good option and definitely needs it to try it at least once. You will certainly find it pretty relevant to your academic and research papers publishing and access to requirements.
It's like Mecca for scientific publications. It is expected that it is a highly professional website, it is expected to have specialization in peer review, article aggregation, intelligent search and indexing. You can publish and share scientific depreciation and information together with the review of the papers. The single motto of scienceopen is to provide its users maximum facilities in a safe and legal manner.
Eric is a digital library of open source resources to search for papers on a wealth of topics that are available in its repository. A website of American descent, it is best asked about the resource due to the availability of gray literature. It offers access to millions of records that make it a leading leader in the academic and the research community.
This is a very powerful tool for finding and exploring themes of each domain. So far known as Microsoft Academic Search, there is some interesting features such as information reading among many others. It uses new technologies such as Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery for the search function that redefines the way you have met academic search. With multiple versions and updates, this is certainly a huge project under the Aegis of Tech Giant Microsoft.
We appreciate the fact that we have many academic information on the Internet, which have defined the growth path of many online search platforms. These websites make the data available to the persons of a country, location or institute. These global resources play an important role in the life of the budding researchers.
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Photographer unknown, ca. 1900-1910
Built in 1890, operated on the Ohio until around 1909. In 1913 she was converted into the excursion boat Majestic. (Way's Packet Directory, p. 271-272.)
|River transportation home page
|OCPL History On-Line|
Service provided by the staff of the Ohio County Public Library in partnership with and funded initially by the Wheeling National Heritage Area Corporation.


To view this past webinar, see its listing under Resources > CSEB Webinar Archives
Presented by Peter Heule, Royal Alberta Museum on Tuesday, December 6, 2016.
Abstract: Styrofoam and plastic biodegradation: Good News! Two materials formerly believed to be non-biodegradable and ubiquitous in consumer and construction waste can be broken down by the common mealworm beetle and naturally occurring bacteria, respectively. Plastic water bottles and Styrofoam are not as permanent as we thought, some bacteria are able to reduce them into less persistent constituents, giving hope for reducing the amount of plastic pollution in the environment and our landfills. The implications for further research and development of biodegradation techniques for problematic pollutants using insects and bacteria are discussed.


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- Fundamentals of health care ﬁ nancial management : a practical guide to ﬁ scal issues and activities / Steven Berger. — 3rd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-7879-9750-2 (pbk.) 1. Health facilities—Business management. 2. Health facilities—Finance. I. Title. [DNLM: 1.
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Inheriting New England's strongest traditions, Abigail Smith was born in 1744 at Weymouth, Massachusetts. Like other women of the time, Abigail lacked formal education; but her curiosity spurred her keen intelligence, and she read avidly the books at hand. Reading created a bond between her and young John Adams, Harvard graduate launched on a career in law, and they were married in 1764. It was a marriage of the mind and of the heart, enduring for more than half a century, enriched by time. Her letters - pungent, witty, and vivid, spelled just as she spoke - detail her life in times of revolution. They tell the story of the woman who stayed at home to struggle with wartime shortages and inflation; to run the farm with a minimum of help; to teach four children when formal education was interrupted. Most of all, they tell of her loneliness without her "dearest Friend." The "one single expression," she said, "dwelt upon my mind and played about my Heart...." She learned to entertain while accompanying her husband to a diplomatic post in France, which served her well when her husband became President of the U.S.
The Greek goddess of wisdom, strategy, crafts, war, skills, industry, and justice, is attended by an owl, wore a goatskin breastplate called the Aegis given to her by her father and is accompanied by the goddess of victory, Nike. Athena is also a goddess associated with mentoring heroes. Athena is an armed warrior goddess, never a child, always a virgin (parthenos); she is said to have found the advances of men to be childish. The Parthenon at Athens, Greece is her most famous shrine. She never had a consort or lover, although once Hephaestus tried and failed.
According to legend, Saint Barbara was the extremely beautiful daughter of a wealthy heathen named Dioscorus, who lived in Asia Minor. Because he was afraid she would be demanded in marriage and taken away from him, he shut her up in a tower. Before he went on a journey, he commissioned a bathhouse to be built for her. While he was away, she became a Christian. She had the bathhouse redesigned, adding another window so that the three windows might symbolize the Holy Trinity. When her father returned, he was enraged at the changes and mad that Barbara had become a Christian. He dragged her before the perfect of the province, who decreed that she be tortured and put to death by beheading. Her father himself carried out the death sentence. On his way home he was struck by lightening and his body consumed. Saint Barbara lived and died about the year 300 A.D. She was venerated as early as the seventh century. The legend of the lightning bolt which struck down her persecutor caused her to be regarded as the patron saint in time of danger from thunderstorms, fires and sudden death. Saint Barbara is usually represented standing by a tower with three windows, carrying the palm of a martyr in her hand. Often, too, she holds a chalice and a sacramental wafer and sometimes cannon are displayed near her. The feast of Saint Barbara falls on December 4th.
Cassiopeia comes from Greek mythology. She was known as the sole daughter of the sea. Her incredible beauty caused all kinds of trouble. It put her daughter at risk and nearly cost her life. In return for promising Aphrodite the secret of her beauty creams, Aphrodite saved her and they became best friends. Cassiopeia obtained her reign on Olympus and many gods and men courted her. With her youth and beautiful appearance full of joy and accessories that represented her vanity, she was always covered with a sacred palm leaf that hid her surprising powers.
Catherine the Great
She reigned as Empress of Russia from June 28, 1762 until her death. Sometimes referred to as an "enlightened despot" and famed for her extravagant personal life, Catherine conducted Westernizing reforms of the imperial administration and extended the borders of the Russian Empire southward and westward.
All told, she added some 200,000 miles² (518,000 km²) to Russian territory, and she further shaped the Russian destiny to a greater extent than almost anyone before or since, with the possible exceptions of Lenin, Stalin, and Peter the Great.
We all know this story of the motherless girl abused by her stepmother and two ugly stepsisters. Made to sleep in the large fireplace, she got covered in cinders, thus her name. The Prince of the land invited all maidens to a ball, but the stepsisters did not allow Cinderella to go. Luckily, a fairy godmother appeared and turned a pumpkin into a coach, mice into horses, a rat into a coachman and lizards into footmen. She then turned Cinderella’s rags into a beautiful gown complete with delicate glass slippers. The only condition was to return before midnight or the spell would be broken. The Prince was completely taken by Cinderella and stayed with her until the stroke of midnight, when she realized she must leave. In her haste, she lost one of her glass slippers. The next day, the Prince set out to find Cinderella, and tried her slipper on all the maidens in the land. When he got to her house, the stepsisters tried in vain to put on the slipper. Cinderella begged to try too, and of course the slipper fit. Cinderella married the Prince.
(January 69 BC – August 12, 30 BC) was queen of ancient Egypt, the last member of the Ptolemaic dynasty and the last ruler of Egypt. Cleopatra survived a coup engineered by her brother's courtiers, consummated a liaison with Julius Caesar that solidified her grip on the throne, and, after Caesar's assassination, aligned with Mark Antony, with whom she produced twins. She later married Mark Antony and gave birth to another son. In all, Cleopatra had 4 children, 3 by Antony and 1 by Caesar.
After Antony's rival and Caesar's legal heir, Octavian, brought the might of Rome against Egypt, Cleopatra took her own life on August 12, 30 BC.
Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel (August 19, 1883 – January 10, 1971) was a pioneering French couturier whose modernist philosophy, menswear-inspired fashions, and pursuit of expensive simplicity made her arguably the most important figure in the history of 20th-century fashion design. Two of her most famous creations are Chanel No. 5 perfume, launched in 1923, and the influential Chanel suit, an elegant suit comprised of a knee-length skirt and trim, boxy jacket, traditionally made of woven wool with black trim and gold buttons and worn with large costume-pearl necklaces. She also popularized the little black dress, whose blank-slate versatility allowed it to be worn for day and evening, depending on how it was accessorized. Coco is a nickname acquired during her youth when she sang cabaret songs.
Beautiful Daisy Mae Scragg was hopelessly in love with Li'l Abner through the entire course of the 43 year run of Al Capp's comic strip. During most of it Abner took Daisy for granted and exhibited little romantic interest in her voluptuous charms. In 1952 Abner reluctantly proposed to Daisy Mae to emulate the wedding of his comic strip ideel, Fearless Fosdick. Fosdick's wedding turned out to be fake, but Abner and Daisy's was real. Once married, Abner became relatively domesticated and the two produced their only child, Honest Abe, in 1953. Like Abner's Mammy Yokum and other wimmenfolk in Dogpatch, Daisy Mae did all the work while the menfolk generally did nothing whatsoever. Despite this near slavish role, Daisy Mae seldom complained, one of her countless virtues. Her blood family, on the other hand, was as evil as could be. Wild plot twists often took Daisy Mae to exotic locales and she was frequently wooed by rich and handsome men, but she always returned to Dogpatch and her true, if worthless, love.
In the Bible, she was prophetess and judge of Israel, the only woman to hold that office. Under her guidance Barak conquered Sisera and delivered Israel from the oppression of the Canaanite King Jabin. The triumphant "Song of Deborah" is one of the most ancient literary pieces in the Bible, perhaps composed in the 12th century B.C.
Little is known about Deborah's personal life. She was apparently married to a man named Lapidoth (meaning "torches"), but this name does not exist outside of the Book of Judges and might simply mean that Deborah herself was a "fiery" spirit. She was a poet and she rendered her judgments beneath a palm tree between Ramah and Bethel in the land of Benjamin. Some people refer to her as the mother of Israel. After her victory over Sisera and the Canaanite army, there was peace in the land for forty years. (Deborah’s fiery spirit has sometimes shown up in me. Debbie)
Diana, Goddess of the Hunt
In Roman mythology, Diana was the virgin goddess of the hunt, the equivalent of the Greek goddess Artemis. Diana was the perpetually virginal huntress goddess, associated with wild animals and woodlands. She also later became a moon goddess, supplanting Luna, and was an emblem of chastity. Oak groves were especially sacred to her. She was praised for her strength, athletic grace, beauty and hunting skill. Diana is usually depicted with a deer. This is because Diana was the patroness of hunting, and also because she is said to have transformed a man she found spying on her while taking a bath into a deer when he tried to flee her.
Diana is a goddess of childbirth and of all things untamed. She is the patroness of the common people.
Eleanor of Aquitaine
(1122 – March 31, 1204) was one of the wealthiest and most powerful women in Europe during the High Middle Ages. She was Queen consort of both France and England in turn. She was highly educated for a woman of the time: she knew how to read, speak Latin, and was well versed in music and literature. She also enjoyed riding, hawking, and hunting. She was regarded as a very beautiful woman during her time; most likely she was blonde and blue-eyed as that was the standard of beauty of the day. First she married Louis VI of France, but had that married annulled. Then she married Henry, Count of Anjou, who became Henry II of England. Over the next 13 years, she bore Henry five sons and three daughters: William, Henry, Richard, Geoffrey, John, Matilda, Eleanor, and Joan. Henry had Archbishop Thomas Becket murdered. She was imprisoned for 15 years, for inciting two of their children to rise up against Henry. She ruled England in Richard's name, as regent while Richard went off on the Third Crusade.
(7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland. Sometimes referred to as The Virgin Queen (since she never married), Gloriana, Good Queen Bess and the Faere Queene, Elizabeth I was the fifth and final monarch of the Tudor dynasty, having succeeded her half-sister, Mary I. She reigned during a period of great religious turmoil in English history.
Elizabeth's reign is referred to as the Elizabethan era or the Golden Age and was marked by increases in English power and influence worldwide. She granted Royal Charters to several famous organizations, including Trinity College, Dublin (1592) and the British East India Company (1600). Virginia, an English colony in North America, was named after Elizabeth I, the "Virgin Queen".
Born to a comfortable family, Florence Nightingale was educated at home. She chose to work in nursing, which was then not a respectable profession for women. She went to Prussia to experience a German training program for girls who would serve as nurses.
When the Crimean War began, reports came back to England about terrible conditions for wounded and sick soldiers. Florence volunteered to go to Turkey, and took 38 women nurses to the warfront. She established more sanitary conditions and ordered supplies. She visited the wards, and sent letters back home from injured and ill soldiers. Her rule that she be the only woman in the wards at night earned her the title "The Lady with the Lamp." The mortality rate at the military hospital fell from 60% at her arrival to 2% six months later. After the war, she continued to work to improve heath conditions for the army and in India.
In 1860 she founded the Nightingale School and Home for Nurses in London, England, using funds contributed by the public to honor her work in the Crimea. In 1861, she helped inspire the Liverpool system of district nursing, which later spread widely. The King awarded her the Order of Merit in 1907, making Florence the first woman to receive that honor. She declined the offer of a national funeral and of burial at Westminster Abbey, requesting that her grave be marked simply.
Best known as the woman who rode through town naked on a horse, Lady Godiva was married to Leofric, the Earl of Mercia, in what is now the United Kingdom. Around the time of 1057, she and Leofric got in a dispute over the taxes he had levied on the growing city of Coventry, and he challenged her to ride naked through the marketplace, promising to ease the tax burden if she did so. Lady Godiva took the challenge, clad only in her long tresses, and became a local legend. At least, that's how the story goes, a story that began to circulate a century after her death. In the 17th century, the detail was added that Lady Godiva had instructed the townsfolk to stay indoors during her ride, but that a man named Tom peeked at her anyway, hence the term "peeping tom."
Pirate Queen of Ireland. Her proper name in Irish was Gráinne Ní Mháille (c. 1530 to 1603) It is highly probable that she was fostered on Clare Island, which belonged to her family, and it was doubtless here, she acquired her passionate love of the sea, as well as the unmatched skill and courage that made her at both the idol of her clansmen and the greatest captain in the western seas. This wonderful, yet arduous life on the sea, gave her great physical strength and vigor. Of course, times being what they were, Grace must get a husband, and so a fitting husband for this proud warrior-Queen of the sea was found in Donall an Chogaidh O'Flaherty, of Bunowan, in the barony of Ballynahinch. This alliance united in the closest bonds of friendship and marriage, the two ruling families of Murrisk and Ballynahinch, More importantly than that, it made the united tribes chief rulers of the western seas, so that when Grace and her more than 200 men sailed from her island home, with the sea-horse of the O'Malley and the lions of the O'Flaherty floating proudly fore and aft from the mast-heads of her galleys, the young sea-queen must indeed have been extremely proud, for virtually all she saw in every direction was hers.
Helen of Troy
Perhaps one of the most well known tales of ancient Greek mythology is that of Helen of Troy. Many believe that her spellbinding beauty played a key role in one of the most famous battles of all time – the Trojan War. She symbolizes the Greeks’ view that attractiveness is a strong force which can bring with it the power to corrupt someone’s actions. Due to her beauty, Helen could easily marry into royalty, and thus wed Menelaus, King of Sparta. She aided him in ruling his kingdom.
Under the spell of the goddess of love and beauty, Aphrodite, Helen agreed to desert her husband and elope with Paris, a Trojan prince. Thus, King Menelaus sent hundreds of his Greek soldiers into battle with Paris, in the Trojan War. Helen, the prime cause of the war, became known as "the face that launched a thousand ships". After the Trojan War, Helen returned to live in Sparta as Menelaus’ queen.
Isabella of Spain
Isabella of Castile (April 22, 1451 – November 26, 1504) She ruled Spain with her husband Ferdinand. They were responsible for the Spanish Inquisition.
1492 was an important year for Isabella, seeing the conquest of Granada, her successful patronage of Christopher Columbus, and her expulsion of the Jews and Muslims.
Isabella had five children with Ferdinand, the most famous of which was Catherine of Aragon, who married Henry VIII, King of England.
Isadora Duncan is known as the “mother of modern dance.” She revolutionized dance at the turn of the 20th Century, taking the three “Bs” of dance at that time – Ballet, Ballroom and Burlesque – and creating an entirely new, more expressive dance form on a higher plane of artistic integrity and acceptance. She grew up in an artistic family, where she was free to express herself. Isadora Duncan revolutionized dance in several ways. First, she danced to the music of the great masters – Beethoven, Mozart, Chopin, Schubert, Brahms, Scriabin and Wagner – music that was considered “above” dance. But in doing so, Isadora elevated dance to a level of artistic appreciation it had not received since the days of the ancient Greeks. Isadora also danced about the human condition, politics, and more abstract themes than the mimed storylines prevalent in ballets of the day. Isadora hoped to inspire an entire generation of free-thinking, intelligent, living children through dance and learning. At her school, dancing was integrated with all types of learning, and education was joyful. Her students were taken from the poor classes and given free room, board and lessons.
Isis is a goddess in the Egyptian belief. She was worshipped as the archetypal wife and mother. Her origins are uncertain but are believed to come from the Nile Delta. First mentions of Isis date back to the 5th dynasty, but her cult became prominent late in Egyptian history, when it began to absorb the cults of many other goddesses. It eventually spread outside Egypt throughout the Middle East and Europe, with temples to her built as far away as the British Isles. Pockets of her worship remained in Christian Europe as late as the 6th century.
Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy Onassis
She was born Jacqueline Lee Bouvier, dubbed "the Debutante of the Year" for the 1947-1948 season. As a Vassar student she traveled extensively. In Washington she took a job as "inquiring photographer" for a local newspaper. Her path soon crossed that of Senator Kennedy. Their wedding at Newport in 1953 attracted nationwide publicity.
With marriage Jackie had to adapt herself to the new role of wife to one of the country's most energetic political figures. Her own public appearances were highly successful, but limited in number. After the sadness of a miscarriage and the stillbirth of a daughter, Caroline Bouvier was born in 1957; John Jr. was born between the election of 1960 and Inauguration Day. Patrick Bouvier, born prematurely on August 7, 1963, died two days later.
To the role of First Lady, Jacqueline Kennedy brought beauty, intelligence, and cultivated taste. Her interest in the arts inspired a new attention to culture. She devoted much time and study to making the White House a museum of American history and decorative arts as well as a family residence of elegance and charm. But she defined her major role as "to take care of the President" and added that "if you bungle raising your children, I don't think whatever else you do well matters very much."
Jackie’s courage after her husband's assassination won her the admiration of the world. Thereafter the public would never allow her the privacy she desired for herself and her children. She moved to New York City; and in 1968 she married the wealthy Greek businessman, Aristotle Onassis, 23 years her senior, who died in March 1975. From 1978 until her death in 1994, Jackie worked in New York City as an editor for Doubleday. At her funeral her son described three of her attributes: "love of words, the bonds of home and family, and her spirit of adventure."
One of the most celebrated opera performers of the nineteenth century, Swedish-born Jenny Lind (1820 - 1887) dazzled European and American audiences with her radiant soprano voice and with an image that emphasized wholesomeness and purity. As the daughter of a single mother and a father who was a tavern musician, Jenny spent a lonely childhood, often singing to herself or a pet cat. One day when she was nine, an attendant to a Stockholm ballet dancer heard Lind singing through a window and rushed to ask her mistress to come and listen. The dancer in turn brought Lind to the director of Sweden's Royal Opera, who reacted incredulously when he was told Lind's age, but was equally surprised when he heard her sing. Lind was enrolled in the opera's training program, and even early in her years of singing lessons she showed a natural aptitude for being on stage - even if she suffered from what would develop into lifelong stage fright. She moved on to learn German and English and performed across Europe. While in Denmark she had a romance with Hans Christian Anderson, which was later turned into a modern opera by Elvis Costello. One of the first “superstars”, people fainted at her concerts. She earned over $3 million for her United States tour (in 1850’s ! )and had her face and name on many promotional items
Josephine of France
Josephine Beauharnais (1763-1814) Empress of France. Life was a roller coaster ride for the beautiful Josephine. Born in the West Indies on Martinique as Marie-Rose de Tascher de la Pagerie, she was raised on a slave plantation and had a brief marriage. A socialite without equal, Josephine was mistress to several leading political figures and left a young General Napoleon Bonaparte completely smitten on their first meeting. Napoleon nicknamed Rose "Josephine" and her sexual experience fired the general's passions. They married in 1796 and while Bonaparte was a fine stepfather, Josephine had regular dalliances with other men. Her affairs almost led to divorce; however, a furious Bonaparte decided to ignore her indiscretions since a stable marriage was necessary for his political ambitions. Eventually - despite his love for her - his need for children as successors to the crown saw him divorce her in 1809. She died in 1814, a woman much loved by the people. Bonaparte never got over having to divorce her and his last words were: "France, the army, Josephine."
Laura Ingalls Wilder
(1867-1957) – The Little House on the Prairie books were Laura’s stories about her family and homesteading. She told the story in nine books. Laura Ingalls was born in Wisconsin in 1867. The Ingalls family followed the promise of free land in Kansas. This story is told in Little House on the Prairie. Then the family took a farm in Minnesota. On the Banks of Plum Creek tells this tale. Then when Laura was twelve they moved to De Smet. By the Shores of Silver Lake tells the story of their move and of the building of De Smet. The Long Winter is an account of the hard winter of 1880-1881. Little Town on the Prairie talks about the early days of De Smet. In the book, Laura Ingalls began teaching school when she was fifteen. She taught in one-room schools near De Smet. At the same time, Almanzo Wilder began courting her. She told this story in These Happy Golden Years. Laura Ingalls and Almanzo Wilder married and farmed together. They had a baby girl. This story is told in The First Four Years. They had many hardships. Crops failed. Their only son died. A fire burned down their home. Diphtheria left Almanzo partly paralyzed. In 1894, the Wilders left South Dakota. They moved to Missouri where they had better luck farming. Later Laura’s daughter asked her to write about her early life. Laura Ingalls Wilder’s first book came out when she was sixty-five years old. It was called Little House in the Big Woods. It was about her life in Wisconsin. The other books came later. Wilder won awards for her books, and many, many people read them. She lived to be ninety years old.
Margot of Anjou (Marguerite d'Anjou, March 23, 1429 – August 25, 1482) was the Queen consort of Henry VI of England from 1445 to 1471. Margot was born in the duchy of Lorraine, in France. Margot married King Henry VI, who was eight years her senior, on April 23, 1445. Henry was not a successful king. He had reigned since he was a few months old and his actions had been controlled by regents. When he married Margot, his mental condition was already unstable, and by the time their only son, Edward was born, on October 13, 1453, he had suffered a complete mental breakdown. Margot seems to have been quite mild-mannered until her husband was threatened with deposition. With the king captured, Margot managed to escape, put an army together, and after several battles, she managed to recapture her husband. However, they were eventually beaten and Edward IV, deposed King Henry and proclaimed himself king. She found support in France, and Henry was restored briefly to the throne towards the end of 1470. By the time Margot, her son and daughter-in-law were ready to go back to England, however, the returning Edward IV had won, and Margot was forced to lead her own army at the Battle of Tewkesbury in 1471, at which they were defeated and her son was killed. Over the previous ten years, she had gained a reputation for aggression and ruthlessness, but now she was a broken spirit, imprisoned until ransomed by the French king. She died on August 25, 1482, in Anjou, where she was buried.
Mary, Queen of Scots
Mary was one of the most fascinating and controversial monarchs of 16th century Europe. At one time, she claimed the crowns of four nations - Scotland, France, England and Ireland. Her physical beauty and kind heart were acknowledged even by her enemies. Yet she lacked the political skills to rule successfully in Scotland. Her second marriage was unpopular and ended in murder and scandal; her third was even less popular and ended in forced abdication in favor of her infant son. She fled to England in 1568, hoping for the help of her cousin, Elizabeth I. Her presence was dangerous for the English queen, who feared Catholic plotting on Mary's behalf. The two queens never met and Mary remained imprisoned for the next nineteen years. She was executed in 1587, only forty-four years old. By orders of the English government, all of her possessions were burned. In 1603, upon Elizabeth's death, Mary's son became king of England as James I.
Minerva is the goddess of arts, crafts, skill, and intelligence.
Minerva was a Roman goddess of crafts and wisdom. Minerva was the daughter of Jupiter and Metis. She was considered to be the virgin goddess of warriors, poetry, medicine, wisdom, commerce, crafts, and the inventor of music. As Minerva Medica, she was the goddess of medicine and doctors.
Adapting Greek myths about Athena, Romans said that Minerva was not born in the usual way, but rather sprang fully armed from the brain of her father; this image has captivated Western writers and artists through the ages.
Made famous by the 1960s musical, The Unsinkable Molly Brown, Margaret Tobin Brown was not known by the nickname "Molly" during her lifetime, but as Maggie in her younger years, and following the custom of her time, mostly as Mrs. J. J. Brown after her marriage. Molly Brown grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, and at 19 went to Leadville, Colorado, with her brother. She married James Joseph Brown, who worked in the local silver mines. While her husband advanced to superintendent in the mines, Molly Brown started soup kitchens in the mining community and became active in women's rights. Molly Brown was traveling in Egypt in 1912 when she received word that her grandson was ill. She booked passage on a ship to return home - the Titanic. Her heroism in assisting other survivors and getting people to safety was recognized after her return, including the French Legion of Honour in 1932. Molly Brown was head of the Titanic Survivors' Committee which supported immigrants who had lost everything in the disaster, and helped to get a memorial erected to the Titanic survivors in Washington, DC. She was not allowed to testify in Congressional hearings about the sinking of the Titanic, because she was a woman; in response to this slight she published her account in newspapers
Nefertiti was the Great Royal Wife (or chief consort/wife) of the Egyptian Pharaoh Amenhotep IV, and mother-in-law of the Pharaoh Tutankhamun. Her name roughly translates to "the beautiful (or perfect) woman has come". She was made famous by the statue of her head, which is one of the most copied works of ancient Egypt. She had many titles, at Karnak there are inscriptions that read Heiress, Great of Favour, Possessed of Charm, Exuding Happiness, Mistress of Sweetness, beloved one, soothing the king's heart in his house, soft-spoken in all, Mistress of Upper and Lower Egypt, Great King's Wife, whom he loves, Lady of the Two Lands, Nefertiti.
In Greek mythology, Persephone was the queen of the Underworld, or the young maiden, and the daughter of Demeter. Persephone ("she who destroys the light") is her name in the Ionic Greek of epic literature. In Greek art, Persephone is often portrayed robed, carrying a sheaf of grain, and smiling demurely with the "Archaic smile" of the Kore of Antenor.
The figure of Persephone is a well-known one today. Her story has great emotional power: an innocent maiden; a mother's grief at the abduction and the return of her daughter. It is also cited frequently as a paradigm of myths that explain natural processes, with the descent and return of the goddess bringing about the change of seasons.
But the Greeks knew another face of Persephone as well. She was also the terrible Queen of the dead, whose name was not safe to speak aloud, who was named simply "The Maiden". Her central myth was also the back-story of the secret initiatory mystery rites of regeneration at Eleusis, which promised immortality to their awe-struck participants—an immortality in her world beneath the soil, feasting with the heroes beneath her dread gaze.
Who better to name a feather arrangement after? Sally was famous for her suggestive dancing with large ostrich feather fans. She caused quite a sensation at the Chicago World’s Fair in 1933. She was interested in dance from an early age, and actually ran away to the circus as a teenager. She did do some theatre and silent films. She did attend university until the Depression hit, but had to find a way to earn a living and came up with the idea of the fan dance. As well as dancing she did more stage acting, and even had a TV talk show in 1954. She continued her fan dance well into her 60’s! Here are her thoughts on her career:
“I have been successful, and I am grateful for my success. I have had some experiences that I wish I never had had, but that would be true in any business. I cannot say sincerely that I would have chosen just this road to fortune. Perhaps I might have wished for another way. But I took the opportunity that came to me. Certainly I am an opportunist. I admit it. At any rate, I haven't been out of work since the day I took my pants off.”
Scheherazade is the fictional storyteller of The Book of One Thousand and One Nights.
The famous tale goes that every day the king would marry a new virgin, and every day he would send yesterday's wife to be beheaded. This was done in anger, having found out that his first wife was betraying him. A succession of three thousand virgins were put to death.
Against her father's protestations, Scheherazade volunteered to spend one night with the King. Once in the King's chambers, Scheherazade asked if she might bid one last farewell to her beloved sister Dunyazade, who had secretly been prepared to ask Scheherazade to tell a story during the long night. The King lay awake and listened with awe to Scheherazade's first story and asked for another, but Scheherazade said there wasn't time as dawn was breaking, and regretfully so, as the next story was even more exciting.
And so the King kept Scheherazade alive as he eagerly anticipated each new story, until, one thousand and one adventurous nights, and three sons later, the King had not only been entertained but wisely educated in morality and kindness by Scheherazade who became his Queen.
Sheena, Queen of the Jungle is a jungle-dwelling comic book character, published originally by Fiction House. Lithe, athletic, and clad in skimpy leopard skin, she possessed the ability to communicate with the wild animals she had grown up with since becoming orphaned in the jungle, eating a diet based on bananas, various fruits and nuts. This gave her the needed figure and strength to fight battles.
She was the first female comic-book character with her own title, with her Spring 1942 premiere beating Wonder Woman #1 (Summer 1942) by three months.
One of the most successful and glamorous stars of the 1910s -- is also the most inaccessible and mysterious today. She stood behind only Mary Pickford and Charles Chaplin in popularity, yet today it's nearly impossible to view her work. Of the more than 40 films she made from late 1914 through 1926, only three and a half remain. She started on Broadway, and in 1915 was cast in A Fool There Was. Theda became an instant, overnight star with the release of the film, and saved the fortunes of the fledgling Fox Studios. Theda fought for better roles, and she sometimes got them. Her personal favorites were as a heroic Foreign Legion girl in UnderTwo Flags and as an innocent Irish peasant girl in Kathleen Mavourneen. She also played the great heroines of history and literature, such as Cleopatra, Salome, Carmen, Juliet, Madame DuBarry and Marguerite Gautier. All in all, not a bad career. Dangling earrings, kohled eyes, languorous glances and the catch line "Kiss me, my fool!" entered the public consciousness because of Theda.
Empress Theodora (c. 500–548) was empress of the Byzantine Empire and the wife of Emperor Justinian I. Along with her husband, she is a saint in the Orthodox Church, commemorated on November 14. Theodora was born into the lowest class of Byzantine society, the daughter of a bear keeper for the circus. Theodora was a comic actress in burlesque theater, and her talents tended toward what we might call low physical comedy. She had admirers by the score.
In 523 Theodora married Justinian, a military leader. On his accession to the Roman Imperial throne in 527 as Justinian I, he made her joint ruler of the empire, and appears to have regarded her as an equal partner. This proved to be a wise decision. A strong-willed woman, she showed a notable talent for governance. She had a drive to give women the same legal rights as men, such as establishing homes for prostitutes, passing laws prohibiting forced prostitution, granting women more rights in divorce cases, allowing women to own and inherit property, and enacting the death penalty for rape, all of which raised women's status far above that current in the Western portion of the Empire.
Titania is a character in William Shakespeare's play A Midsummer Night's Dream. She is based on the queen of the fairies in medieval folklore. She is the wife of Oberon. In traditional folklore, the fairy queen has no name. Shakespeare took the name 'Titania' from Ovid’s Metamorphoses, where it is a name given to the daughters of Titans.
In the Shakespeare play, Titania is a very proud creature and as much of a force to contend with as her husband Oberon. The marital quarrel she and her husband are engaged in over which of them should have the keeping of a changeling page is the engine that drives the mix ups and confusion of the other characters in the play. Due to an enchantment cast by Oberon's henchman Puck, Titania magically falls in love with a rude mechanical that has been given the head of an ass.
She was a major Roman goddess principally associated with love and beauty, the rough equivalent of the Greek goddess Aphrodite. She was considered the ancestor of the Roman people by way of its legendary founder, Aeneas, and played a key role in many Roman religious festivals and mythologies. Venus' cult began in Italy. On August 18, 293 BC, her oldest-known temple was built, and August 18 became a festival. On April 23, 215 BC, a temple was built outside the Colline gate on the Capitol dedicated to Venus to commemorate the Roman defeat at the Battle of Lake Trasimene. Venus is the daughter of Jupiter, and some of her lovers include Mars and Vulcan, modeled on the affairs of Aphrodite. Venus' importance rose, and that of her cult, through the influence of several Roman political leaders. The dictator Sulla made her his patroness, and both Julius Caesar and the emperor Augustus named her the ancestor of their family. Ceasar introduced the cult of Venus Genetrix, the goddess of motherhood and marriage, and built a temple for her in 46 BCE. She was also honored in the temple of Mars Ultor. The last great temple of Venus was built by the emperor Hadrianus near the Colusseum in 135 CE.
Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria) (24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837, and Empress of India from 1 January 1877, until her death. Her reign lasted more than sixty-three years, longer than that of any other British monarch. As well as being Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, she was also the first monarch to use the title Empress of India. The reign of Victoria was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire. The Victorian Era was at the height of the Industrial Revolution, a period of significant social, economic, and technological change in the United Kingdom. In that period the United Kingdom became the largest superpower the world had ever seen.