This was, of course, a category error. Literature is defined as written works, composed of letters on pages, usually grouped together into books.
Bob Dylan only composed two literary works in his life:
Tarantula - a short book of prose poetry, published illegally by an underground press in 1966, bootlegged extensively and then released officially in 1971 - received almost uniformly condemnatory reviews, and is still cited as a classic example of how the "poetry" of the song lyric mode fails to transfer to the printed page.
Chronicles: Volume One - published in 2004 as the first part of a planned three-volume memoir - got a much better reception. But I think it's fair to say that Dylan didn't get the Nobel Prize for that.
So, Dylan won the Prize for his song lyrics, or more precisely, his songs. In fairness, the Nobel Committee along with many others no doubt consider them to be poetry - sung poetry, but poetry nevertheless.
But that doesn't make Blonde on Blonde literature.
And in truth, as music critic Robert Christgau wrote in a review of Tarantula published forty-five years ago in The New York Times, song-writing isn't poetry, and Dylan, for all his pretensions, is no poet.
Christgau called him a poetaster.
But he would also write: "To assert that Dylan doesn't belong to the history of literature is not to dismiss him from the history of artistic communication, of language." Exactly so. Whatever you think of Dylan's politics, or the people and movements associated with him, or his somewhat eccentric later creative life, he was a fine musician. I can only second the critic's final recommendation: Buy his records.
The answer, my friends, is still blowin' in the wind
By Robert Christgau June 27, 1971
The official appearance of Bob Dylan's “Tarantula” is not a literary event because Dylan is not a literary figure. Literature comes in books, and Dylan does not intend his most important work to be read. If he ever did, his withdrawal of “Tarantula” from publication five years ago indicates that he changed his mind. Of course, it's possible that he's changed his mind again—with Dylan, you never know. Most likely, however, his well‐known quest for privacy, his personal elusiveness, lies behind the unexpected availability of this book. The pursuit of the artist by his audience has been a pervasive theme of his career, and the bootleg versions of “Tarantula” hawked on the street and under the counter over the past few years by self‐appointed Dylanologists and hip rip‐off artists were simply a variation on that theme. For Dylan to permit the release of the book now (at a non‐rip‐off price, it should be noted) is to acknowledge the loss of a battle in his never‐ending war for privacy. Quite simply, his hand has been forced by his fans. He is a book‐writer now, like it or not.
To assert that Dylan doesn't belong to the history of literature is not to dismiss him from the history of artistic communication, of language. Quite the contrary. A song writer does not use language as a poet or novelist does because he chooses his words to fit into some larger, more sensual effect; an artist who elects to work in a mass medium communicates in a different way from one who doesn't and must be judged according to his own means, purposes and referents. That much ought to be obvious. I would also argue, however, that Dylan's choices not only merit their own critical canons but must be recognized as incisive responses to modernism's cul‐de‐sac, in which all the arts, especially literature, suffer from self‐perpetuating intellectual élitism.
What makes this all so confusing is that Dylan's fame and influence are based on his literary talents and pretensions. Just for fun, I might suggest that Dylan is no greater an artist than Chuck Berry or Hank Williams, but only Dylan could have become the culture hero of a decade of matriculating college classes. Even at first, when Dylan's best songs were mostly acute folk music genre pieces, he was thought to embody transcendent artistic virtues. The standard example was “Blowin' in the Wind,” which interspersed straightforward political questions with metaphorical ones, always concluding: “The answer, my friend, is blowin' in the wind, the answer is Blowin' in the wind.” The song's “poetic” language, effective in its musical and emotive context even though it appears hackneyed on the page, captured listeners sympathetic to its apparent assumptions and inspired much unfortunate image‐mongering. But in retrospect we notice the ambivalence of the title—can the answer be plucked from the air?
Dylan may not have been aware he was equivocating when he wrote the song, but that doesn't matter. Equivocation was inherent in his choice of method. Like most of his confreres in the folk movement, Dylan got his world‐view from the listless civil‐rights and ban‐the‐bomb radicalism of the late 50's but was forced to find his heroes elsewhere, among the avant‐garde artists who helped young post‐conformists define for themselves their separation from their fellow citizens. Once Dylan conceived the ambition to use those artists as his own exemplars, he had to come to terms with their characteristic perspective—namely, irony. Sure enough, in “My Back Pages” (1964) he was renouncing politics with a nice ironic flourish—“I was so much older then, I'm younger than that now.” Moreover, the same song signalled his debut as a poetaster with a portentously clumsy opening line: “Crimson flames tied through my ears, growing high and mighty traps.”
Between early 1964 and mid‐1966—a period that includes the four albums from “Another Side of Bob Dylan” to “Blonde on Blonde” and the switch from acoustic to electric music—Dylan became a superstar. Pioneers of youth bohemia seized upon his grotesque, sardonic descriptions of America as experienced by a native alien and elevated Dylan into their poet laureate. In response, professional defenders of poetry declared themselves appalled by his barbaric verbosity. Many of us, his admirers, even while we were astonished, enlightened and amused by Dylan's sporadic eloquence, knew why John Ciardi wasn't. But we didn't care, not just because Dylan's songs existed in an aural and cultural context that escaped the Ciardis, but because we sensed that the awkwardness and overstatement that marred his verse were appropriate to a populist medium. No one was explicit about this at the time, however, least of all Dylan, whose ambitions were literary as well as musical and whose relationship to his ever‐expanding audience was qualified by the fascination with an arcane élite to which his songs testified.
“Tarantula” is a product of this period; in fact, Dylan fans who want a precise sense of what the book is about need only refer to the liner notes of “Highway 61 Revisited.” The basic technique is right there: the vague story, peopled with historical (Paul Sargent), fabulous or pseudonymous (the Cream Judge, Savage Rose) characters, punctuated with dots and dashes and seasoned with striking but enigmatic asides, all capped off with a fictitious letter having no obvious connection to what has preceded. That's all folks.
“Tarantula” is a concatenation of such pieces. Most of them seem unconnected, although a few characters, notably someone named “aretha,” do recur. The only literary precedent that comes to mind is “Naked Lunch,” but in a more general way “Tarantula” is reminiscent of a lot of literature because it takes an effort to read it. Unless you happen to believe in Dylan, I question whether it's worth the effort, and don't call me a philistine—it was Bob Dylan who got me asking such questions in the first place.
For the strangest aspect of Dylan's middle period is that although it was unquestionably his literary pretensions that fanaticized his admirers and transformed the craft (or art) of songwriting, Dylan's relationship to literature as a discipline was always ambivalent. In fact, to call it ambivalent is to compound the confusion—it was actually downright hostile. From “Tarantula”: “wally replies that he is on his way down a pole & asks the man if he sees any relationship between doris day & tarzan? the man says ‘no, but i have some james baldwin and hemingway books’ ‘not good enough’ says wally.” From the notes to “Bringing It All Back Home”: “my poems are written in a rhythm of unpoetic distortion.”
Dylan borrowed techniques from literature—most prominently allusion, ambiguity, symbolism and fantasy—and he obviously loved language, but he despised the gentility with which it was supposed to be tailored. His songs do seem derivative, but (like “Tarantula”) they aren't derived from anyone in particular. Obvious parallels, or “influences”—Blake, Whitman, Rimbaud, Céline—share only his approach and identity: the Great Vulgarian, the Magnificent Phonus Balonus. Dylan wrote like a word‐drunk undergraduate who had berserked himself into genius, his only tradition the jumbled culture of the war baby—from Da Vinci to comic strips, from T. S. Eliot to Charlie Rich. His famous surrealism owes as much to Chuck Berry as to Breton or even Corso, and even though his imagery broadened the horizons of songwrit ing, it was only a background for the endless stream of epigrams—which songwriters call good lines—flowing into our language, some already clichés (“The times they are a‐changin,” “You know something's happening, but you don't know what it is”), others still the property of an extensive, self informed subculture (“Stuck in side of Mobile with the Memphis blues again,” “Don't follow leaders, watch the parking meters”). Dylan may be a poor poet, but he is a first‐class wit.
But such talk accedes to the temptation of placing Dylan's work in a page context, always a mistake. Literature may have engendered the Dylan mystique, but rock and roll nurtured it. We remember those lines because we've heard them over and over again, often not really listening, but absorbing the rhythm of unpoetic distortion just the same. “Tarantula” may contain similar gems, but we'll never know they're there, because Tarantula will never be an album. The wonderful letters, the funny bits, as well as the dreary, vaguely interesting stuff and the failed doomsday rhetoric—all will go. Aretha Franklin's continuing presence through the book is a portent, for shortly after “Tarantula” and “Blonde on Blonde” Dylan made another switch by abandoning the verbal play (and excess) of his long songs for brief, specifically pop works. For a while, it appeared that this meant a total abandonment of the complexity of his vision, but his latest album, “New Morning,” makes clear that it is only a condensation. More and more, Dylan affirms the value of the popular and the sensual over the verbal. This book will find its way into A. J. Weberman's Dylan concordance and doubtless become a cult item, but it is a throwback. Buy his records.


The Kano Interview Series
(A collection of 12 interviews)
By Dr. Aliyu U. Tilde
As I promised my readers earlier, I hereby present them with a valuable collection of some 12 interviews I carried out on the one year spent by the present government in Kano State. Though not exhaustive, they nevertheless cover various sectors. I wouldn't comment on any of them, leaving my readers to make their independent judgements.
I will only add an interesting note. The collection contains what the former governor, Malam Ibrahim Shekarau, said about the performance of his successor. This is to ensure a balance in the collection by listening to the opposition too. Fortunately, his interview is followed in the series by that of the present governor, who touched on the points emphasized by his predecessor.
The link to the each interview is placed underneath its heading below:
1. COMMUNITY REORIENTATION COMMITTEE
2. MURTALA MOHAMMED HOSPITAL
3. KANO INFORMATICS
6. LAFIYA JARI
8. HIGHER EDUCATION
10. SECONDARY SCHOOLS
12. SHEKARAU ON KWANKWASO
3 July 2012


When creating programs and code in Python, the correct file extension for your code is .py.
There are a few other file extensions associated with Python files. In this article, we will discuss the four different Python file types and the file extensions for each of these file types.
File Extension for Python Source Code
As mentioned above, the file extension for your source code in Python is .py.
After writing your program, script, module, etc., saving your code with .py will allow the operating system to recognize this is a Python file.
File Extension for Compiled Python Bytecode
The second type of file associated with Python is compiled bytecode and the extension for compiled bytecode is .pyc.
Let’s say you create a module with Python source code. If you want to import that module, Python will build a .pyc file which contains the bytecode to make importing this module easier.
File Extension for Compiled Python Bytecode While Optimization is On
If you have optimizations turned on, i.e. with a command like “python -O test.py”, you will get a .pyo file when you run the code.
File Extension for Windows DLL file of Python Code
The final file extension which you should know about is the .pyd file extension. .pyd files are Windows DLL files.
DLL stands for Dynamic Link Library. These library files contain code to carry out a specific function for an application in the Windows operating systems.
Hopefully you’ve learned about the correct file extension for Python files and the difference between different file types in Python.


History of Shih Tzu
Dogs of various sizes, shapes and colors have been bred in China for centuries. Records substantiate the existence of short, square, “under the table” dogs from at least 1000 B.C. By piecing together historical facts and documented records, it is possible to some extent to follow the development in China of the breeding of dogs likely to be the ancestors of the present-day Shih Tzu.
The ancestry of the Shih Tzu is rather obscure, but it is probable that the breed is primarily of Tibetan origin. The history of the Tibetan “Lion Dogs” is interwoven with the tenets of Buddhism, which originated in India. The lion was closely associated with Buddhism, but the lion was not indigenous to China, so the Chinese and the Tibetan lamas bred their toy dogs to resemble lions. the Shih Tzu (whose name means “lion”) is reputed to have been the oldest and smallest variety of the Tibetan “holy dogs” and bears some similarity to other Tibetan breeds. For much of the long and illustrious history of china, the breeding of the small “Lion Dog” was a favorite pastime of succeeding imperial rulers.
Prior to A.D. 624, documents show that small dogs were exported from Malta, Turkey, Greece, and Persia as gifts to the ruling Chinese emperors. It is likely that the first small Tibetan Lion Dogs from which the Shih Tzu is probably descended came to China during the Qing (Ch’ing) Dynasty (1644-62) as tributes from the Grand Lamas to the Chinese Imperial Court, and that the Chinese interbred these Tibetan dogs with the early western imports and with the Pug and the Pekingese.
The Shih Tzu was bred to sit around the palace of the Emperor of China and bark when people or animals approached: this was allegedly to alert people to the presence of unwanted visitors. But the Shih Tzu soon became a favorite of the Imperial Chinese court as companion dogs rather than working dogs.
The breed was so revered that for many years after the Chinese began trading with the West, they refused to sell, or even give away, any of the little dogs. The existence of the Shih Tzu as we know it today is owed to the Dowager Empress Cixi (T’zu Hsi), whose kennel of Pugs, Pekingese, and Shih Tzu was world renowned.
Although she carefully supervised the kennel during her lifetime and attempted to keep the three imperial breeds separate, the actual breeding was carried out by palace eunuchs who secretly crossed the breeds to reduce size and produce unusual and desirable markings. After her death in 1908, the kennels were dispersed and palace breeding became haphazard. Some breeding was still practiced by private individuals and specimens were exhibited, but the dogs were almost impossible to acquire. It was not until 1930 that the first pair was exported to England. So far as is known, the breed became extinct in China after the Communist revolution.
Seven dogs and seven bitches comprise the gene pool of all existing Shih Tzu. These fourteen include the Pekingese dog used in an admitted cross in England in 1952, three Shih Tzu were imported from China, and eight additional imports to England between 1933 and 1959. Three other Shih Tzu were imported from China in 1932, including a bitch that was the only Shih Tzu bred in the Imperial Palace to reach the Western world.
Returning military personnel brought some of the first Shih Tzu into the United States during the late 1940s and 1950s and began breeding programs. The unique beauty and outstanding temperament of this “new” breed quickly found favor with the fancy. The Shih Tzu was recognized in Britain in 1946 and by the AKC in the United States in 1969. From the first day of formal AKC recognition (Sept 1, 1969), the Shih Tzu catapulted from a relatively unknown breed to one of the most glamorous and popular of all canine companions.
Article originally published in the Shih Tzu breed column in the American Kennel Club Gazette. Written by Shih Tzu breeder-judge Victor Joris, author of “The Complete Shih Tzu” (Howell Book House) http://americanshihtzuclub.org/breed_astc_history. Pictures added from various sites.


New course releases.
Get a head start on showcasing your skills and tap into our courses for the week.
Take your training with you this weekend! See the latest and greatest in our library this week.
Another great week in the books. Start your weekend off right by checking out Pluralsight’s latest courses.
It’s that time again. The week is winding down and there’s so much to look forward to (including our new courses, of course). Check em’ out here!
Take some time to train your brain this weekend with our latest course releases.
We have several new courses in store for you to jump into. Check them out here.
In the spirit of expanding your learning horizons, we have several new courses for you check out in our library.
We have a few new courses for you to catch up on in our library this week. Check them all out here.
With tech titles making 3 of the top jobs of 2015, there’s a lot to be learned. Check out our newest courses of the week.
To help you gain some new skills this year, we have some great new courses for you to check out in our library.
It’s the perfect time to catch up on some training while the holidays are in full swing. Here are a few new courses in our library for you to dabble into throughout the week.
With the holidays around the corner, thing get hectic, but work slows down. It’s the perfect time to catch up on some training and get some new skills in the bag before the new year rolls around.
Check out and start digging into our newest courses this weekend.
Here’s what’s new in our library for you to explore.
We have some great courses for you to check out in our library this week. See them all here.
Here’s what’s new in our library this week.
In this webinar, Pluralsight author & IT Consultant Elias Khnaser, walks listeners through the differences between Amazon AWS and Microsoft Azure. You will be ready to make more informed decisions as you migrate your workloads to the public cloud.
It’s November, which means it’s time to bundle up and start training. Here’s what’s new in our library for you this week.
We’ve got some great new courses for you to check out this Halloween weekend. Here’s what’s new in our library this week.
Get a look at the new courses we have to offer in our library this week.


The deliverable that contains the report of the dissemination and communication results in 2021 is available.
This deliverable reports on the results of DataPorts overall Communication and Dissemination strategy through various channels until December 2021. In scope of this purpose, the present document aims at the monitoring of the dissemination routes of the project.
The project’s dissemination activities focus on web presence and the design and production of promotional material such as factsheets, brochures, presentation templates, project presentations, and website content. Moreover, they address social media, publications of scientific papers, as well as the presentation of the project at key stakeholder events.
Moreover, under the scope of the present document falls the documentation of the project’s communication to its diverse target groups, which encompass the relevant domains, industry sectors, research and developer communities, and End Users.
All this information is available here.


Research can be intimidating, especially if you’re new to it. Here are a few things to help you understand the basics!
- A User Experience Designer Might Not Be What You Think by Paul Boag
Not explicitly about user research but this is a great read for folks new ux and user research to think about when considering career opportunities.
- Complete Beginner’s Guide to UX Research by UX Booth
- UX Research Cheat Sheet by Susan Farrell
- The 7 Deadly Sins of User Research by David Travis
- UX Tools for User Research and User Testing by Fabricio Teixeira & Caio Braga
Lists of tools are ALWAYS helpful — here are 35 tools ranging from recording to recruiting!
- Consider these variables before you choose a UX research method by Hannah Alvarez
Here’s a high-level overview of research types and the product life cycle — a great intro for those just beginning with research and product design.
Interesting Studies and Reads
- Transformation by Jan Chipchase
- [Video] Choice, Happiness and spaghetti sauce by Malcolm Gladwell
- Design Research at Dropbox: How to win friends and influence product by Cristen Torrey
- How a roadside rest stop inspired an entirely different approach to FAQs by Jason Fried
Just a quick article that shows how answers to problems can be found in lots of places


The golden fleece characters
A detailed description of The Argonautika: The Story of Jason and the Quest for the Golden Fleece characters and their importance.
Golden Fleece - Wikipedia In Greek mythology, the Golden Fleece is the fleece of the golden-woolled, winged ram, which ..... Jason and the Argonauts. Characters and topics. Aeson ( father) ... Jason - Wikipedia Jason was an ancient Greek mythological hero who was the leader of the Argonauts whose ... In the modern world, Jason has emerged as a character in various adaptations of his myths, such as the 1963 film Jason and the Argonauts and the ...
Jason returns with the Golden Fleece, shown on an Apulian red-figure calyx krater, ca. 340–330 BCE. In Greek mythology, the Golden Fleece (Greekk: χρυσόμαλλον δέρας chrysómallon déras; Georgian: ოქროს საწმისი , Oqros Satsmisi) is the fleece of the gold-hair winged ram, which was held in Colchis.
Jason (Argonaut) | Riordan Wiki | FANDOM powered by Wikia Jason was a late ancient Greek mythological hero, famous as the leader of the Argonauts and their quest for the Golden Fleece. He was the son of Aeson (the ... Medea and the Argonauts - Literature and History
Characters of Jason and the Argonauts in search of the Golden Fleece
Golden Fleece | God of War Wiki | FANDOM powered by Wikia The Golden Fleece was a powerful golden armlet, ... the segments of the Golden Fleece constantly clip into Kratos' character model, due to the fact they were not provided any rigging to properly flex with his shoulder and arm. Who are the characters of Jason and the Golden Fleece? | eNotes Get an answer for 'Who are the characters of Jason and the Golden Fleece?' and find homework help for other Jason and the Golden Fleece questions at eNotes
The main character of “the quest for the Golden Fleece” is also the hero. He “leaves his everyday life to undergo a journey where there will be many challenges and fears he must face”. His name is Jason, in the myth Jason wants to claim his fathers throne for himself after it was unjustly taken by a man named Pelias.
Golden fleece | RuneScape Wiki | FANDOM powered by Wikia The golden fleece was a magical item from Greek mythology. It was sought after by Jason the Argonaut because it had the power to heal anything. After getting a golden fleece from Lalli, one of the golden sheep is sheared. After getting the golden fleece, Lalli makes a comment on how stupid the adventurer is.
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Interpreted: Python is constructed at runtime by the interpreter. In Python, we need not to compile your program before executing it. It is almost similar to PERL and PHP.
Interactive: We can definitely sit at a Python prompt and we can interact with the interpreter straightaway to write your programs.
Object Oriented: Python supports Object-Oriented style or Object oriented programming or technique of programming that encapsulates code within objects.
Beginner’s Language: Python is a excellent language for the beginner level programmers and python supports and promotes the improvement of big range of applications or programs from simple text processing and execution to WWW browsers to games etc.
Features of Python
Easy-to-learn – Python had some keywords. It is a simple structure, and Python has a very clearly defined syntax. This allows the student to pick up the language quickly. It is very easy to learn.
Easy-to-read – Python programs are more clearly and efficiently defined and visible to the eyes.
Easy-to-maintain – Python’s source code is fairly and adequately defined and it is easy-to-maintain.
A broad standard library – Python’s bulk of the library is very portable and cross-platform compatible with UNIX, Windows, and Macintosh. It has a bulk library and is very compatible with UNIX, Windows, and Macintosh.
Interactive Mode – Python has support for an interactive mode which allows interactive testing and debugging and deployment of snippets or pieces of code. We can definitely sit at a Python prompt and we can interact with the interpreter straightaway to write your programs.
Portable – Python has the same interface on all or any type of platforms. Python can run on any wide variety of hardware platforms.
Extendable – These modules enables programmers to add or to customize their tools to be more efficient and effective. We can add a low-level modules to the Python interpreter. These modules are very capable of being more efficient and lengthened.


Fit is a header-only C++11/C++14 library that provides utilities for functions and function objects.
- Modern: Fit takes advantages of modern C++11/C++14 features. It support both
constexpr initialization and
constexpr evaluation of functions. It takes advantage of type deduction, varidiac templates, and perfect forwarding to provide a simple and modern interface.
- Relevant: Fit provides utilities for functions and does not try to implement a functional language in C++. As such, Fit solves many problems relevant to C++ programmers, including initialization of function objects and lambdas, overloading with ordering, improved return type deduction, and much more.
- Lightweight: Fit builds simple lightweight abstraction on top of function objects. It does not require subscribing to an entire framework. Just use the parts you need.
Fit is divided into three components:
- Function Adaptors and Decorators: These enhance functions with additional capability.
- Functions: These return functions that achieve a specific purpose.
- Utilities: These are general utilities that are useful when defining or using functions


American Heroes Radio interviews author of Cherries – A Vietnam War Novel
The live interview with John Podlaski was a huge success and was rated one of the best by interviewer Lt. Raymond E. Foster, LAPD (Ret). He had read the author’s book and referred back to it when asking very specific questions about Cherries and of the author himself. There wasn’t a dull moment and the hour was filled with interesting comments from both sides. If you missed the live interview, it is highly recommended for you to listen to an archived version at your leisure. Cherries is a must read for all veterans and parents of veterans; the prior group will relate, and the parents will have a peek at what their children may be going through or have already endured. This interview will leave you yearning for more and give you a reason for purchasing my story. Please click on the link below to access and listen to the archived version. Feel free to add comments either on this blog, Cherries – A Vietnam War Novel Facebook Fan page or American Heroes Radio Facebook fan page.
If you enjoyed this article and want to learn more about the Vietnam War – subscribe to this blog and get each new post delivered to your email or feed reader. Click on the title at the top of this page to be redirected to my main page – a directory on the right side lists similar articles and points of interest.
This entry was posted on September 15, 2011 at 7:43 pm and is filed under The Vietnam war story with tags book sellers, book sites, books to read, books war, buy a book, Cherries, cherry soldier, Combat Infantry, digital books, find a book, firefights, jungle warfare, Newbie, novels, Radio author interview, The Vietnam, The Vietnam war story, Vietnam blog pages, Vietnam book, Vietnam conflict, Vietnam Veterans, war books, war story. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


Scotland's Black Diamonds shine in new book
Scottish Collieries publication carves out lasting record of the coal-mining industry and our industrial heritage
A groundbreaking book from the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS) and the Scottish Mining Museum is set to become the first comprehensive reference guide to the coal industry during the nationalised era. Scottish Collieries: An Inventory of the Scottish Coal Industry in the Nationalised Era explores the profound impact of coal on both the people and landscape of central Scotland. It is particularly timely given that a new generation of Scots is growing up with little idea of how important the industry was to the nation.
The facts speak for themselves: fifty years ago over 100,000 people worked in the coal industry and 95 per cent of energy was provided by Scotland's so-called "black diamonds". At its peak in the 1950s, the National Coal Board operated 200 coal mines alongside a similar number of smaller, privately-owned mines. Today, with the surface remains of most mines now demolished and a significant quantity of historical records lost in the process, little physical evidence remains of this once-huge part of Scotland's social and industrial heritage.
The book’s author, Dr Miles Oglethorpe of the Royal Commission's Survey and Recording Group, said the book was designed to address the growing gulf between past and present. He said: “The immense contribution of coal in the evolution of modern Scotland is rapidly slipping away from public consciousness, and already in some of the most important parts of the Scottish coalfields the physical evidence of mining activity has completely disappeared. Our hope is therefore that by producing a record of the nature and extent of the industry in its final decades, we will help to ensure that the work, ingenuity, and sacrifice of Scotland’s coal-mining communities will not be forgotten.’
The comprehensive survey of Scottish collieries and the mining industry in the nationalised era represents a significant new 344-page resource containing a huge amount of information on all the collieries to have operated in Scotland since 1947, including 340 illustrations. Much of the research for the book was only possible because of the extraordinary archive and library of the Scottish Mining Museum and the work of its volunteers, but many individuals and organisations throughout the Scottish coalfields also helped provide information and records.
Perhaps most important is the fact that his book is seen as the beginning of a new process, and that the record it represents is only partly complete. The hope is that it will encourage people from Scotland and beyond to send in information and images, helping to fill some of the many gaps in a very large story.
Copies are now on sale at the Scottish Mining Museum in Newtongrange ISBN - 1902419472


Use of 7-Second Historic TV Clip in Broadway Show Deemed “Fair Use”
Federal Judge Grants Jersey Boys’ Motion for Summary Judgment in Copyright Action
By Itai Maytal (first author) – Originally published in MLRC Medialawletter July 2010
A Broadway production’s display of seven seconds of historic footage during its reenactment of a famous rock-and-roll group’s television debut is fair use, a California federal district court judge ruled last week.
In the copyright infringement case, Sofa Entertainment Inc. v. Dodger Productions, Inc. No. Civ. 08-02616 (C.D. Cal July 12, 2010), Judge Dolly M. Gee granted summary judgment in favor of the defendant producer of the musical, Jersey Boys, finding its use of an introduction by the late television variety show host, Ed Sullivan, was fair use. Judge Gee explained that the use of the seven-second television clip in the stage-version introduction of the band, Frankie Valli and The Four Seasons, was “decidedly transformative,” was not “the heart” of the copyrighted work at issue, and could not reasonably usurp an “existing or potential market” for the plaintiff-copyright owner.
The Backdrop Behind the 7-Second Clip Controversy
Jersey Boys is a dramatic work of biographical and cultural history that has been staged in multiple cities including New York, Chicago, Las Vegas, London and Los Angeles. The two-and-a half hour production tells the story of Frankie Valli and The Four Seasons and their impact on popular culture in the early 1960s. It traces how the group was formed and how its members struggled out of the Jersey swamps to make their way to success. For example, the musical recounts the band members’ youthful criminal indiscretions as they brushed with both the law and the mob, illustrates the genesis of some of their major hits, and how the band found their way through the daunting maze of the record business in the 1960’s. The show also covers many of the band members’ personal problems involving their marriages, their financial difficulties, and the death of Valli’s daughter. In addition, the musical illustrates their setbacks from the U.S. arrival of The Beatles and other British performers during the “British invasion,” their comeback, and their later break-up.
This lawsuit arose from the musical’s unauthorized use of a 7-second copyrighted video clip of host Ed Sullivan introducing The Four Seasons on the January 2, 1966 episode of The Ed Sullivan Show (“the Clip”). The Clip is displayed on a large screen at the end of the musical’s first act. Immediately before the Clip is played, an actor portraying The Four Seasons’ member Bob Gaudio addresses the Jersey Boys audience and says:
“Around this time there was a little dust-up called The British Invasion. Britannia is ruling the air waves, so we start our own American Revolution. The battle begins on Sunday night at eight o’clock and the whole world is watching.”
As these lines are spoken, the actors portraying The Four Seasons are seen preparing themselves to perform on The Ed Sullivan Show. Old-style CBS cameras bearing the CBS logo roll across the stage The audience is led to feel they are backstage with the band-performers, setting up their instruments, facing the back of the stage as if the Sullivan audience is in front of them.
Then, just as the actor playing Gaudio completes his line “…the whole world is watching,” the Clip is played in the middle of three video screens above the stage—which display stills and video images from the 1960s throughout the show. In the Clip, a black-and-white head-shot of Ed Sullivan appears and says: “Now, Ladies and Gentlemen, for all the youngsters in the country, The Four Seasons.” Mr. Sullivan then waves his left hand toward where The Four Seasons are to perform, at which point the Clip ends and the actors in Jersey Boys perform a song on stage.
There is no further use of the Clip and no other segments from The Ed Sullivan Show appear in the musical. Moreover, the Clip has no music nor does it display any images of the original Four Seasons or performances of any kind. It is simply a pedestrian headshot video depiction of Mr. Sullivan providing these ordinary words of introduction.
In 2008, Plaintiff Sofa Entertainment, owner of The Ed Sullivan Show library, filed a complaint in district court in the Central District Court of California, asserting a single copyright infringement claim against Defendant Dodger Productions for its use of the Clip in the Jersey Boys musical. Upon receipt of the claim, it was decided not to remove the Clip from the show. The parties then filed cross motions for summary judgment.
Fair Use Granted
On July 12, 2010, Judge Gee granted Dodger Productions’ motion for summary judgment and denied Plaintiff’s partial summary judgment, finding the Defendant’s use of the Clip was fair. In so ruling, the Court considered each of the four statutory factors for fair use. 17 U.S.C. §107.
(1) Purpose and Character of the Use
Judge Gee found that the first factor weighed in favor of the Defendant, noting the use of the Clip was “decidedly transformative.” Judge Gee cited to Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc., 510 U.S. 569 (1994) and held that “the more transformative the use of a copyrighted work, the more likely it is that the use will come within the protection of the fair use defense.”
Specifically, Judge Gee found that the use of the Clip was transformative as it “served as a historical reference point in The Four Seasons’ career, which use the Ninth Circuit has contrasted with uses that ‘serve the same intrinsic entertainment value that is protected’ by the copyright in the copied work” quoting Elvis Presley Enterprises, Inc v. Passport Video, 349 F.3d 622, 629 (9th Cir. 2003). She rejected Plaintiff’s argument that the Clip was merely a re-broadcasting of a portion of a copyrighted episode of The Ed Sullivan Show, noting that the lines spoken by the actor portraying The Four Seasons’ member Bob Gaudio prior to the Clip’s appearance had served to “frame the transformative use” of the Clip in the musical. She also rejected Plaintiff’s argument that Ninth Circuit case law required a voice-over or other explicit “introductions” to render a use transformative.
While Judge Gee observed that Jersey Boys’ use, a “dramatic production intended to entertain,” was not among the examples of fair use set forth in the preamble of §107 (works reproduced “for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting teaching…, scholarship, or research”), Judge Gee recognized that the list was not exhaustive. Against the urging of the Plaintiff, the Judge refused to distinguish between documentaries and dramatizations of historical events for the purposes of fair use. Though Judge Gee saw a commercial dimension to Jersey Boys which could weigh against fair use, she did not accord this aspect of the first factor great weight as the Defendants sought “to profit in very small measure by the inherent entertainment value of Ed Sullivan’s [short] introduction of The Four Seasons.”
(2) Nature of the Copyrighted Work
Judge Gee found that the second factor weighed only slightly in favor of fair use. She explained that the fact the Clip at issue had already been broadcast weighed in favor of Defendant, given that unauthorized use of a previously published work is more likely to constitute a fair use than an unpublished work.
(3) Amount and Substantiality of the Portion Used
As to the third factor, Judge Gee found this favored fair use, not only because the Clip represented quantitatively a small portion of the episode at issue, (1/400th or 0.0023 percent of the 45 to 50 minute episode (excluding advertisements), by Defendant’s calculation), but because it was not the heart of Plaintiff’s copyrighted work. Judge Gee held that “the actual performances by featured talent were, and are, the heart of The Ed Sullivan Show generally, and that is true of the episode on which The Four Seasons performed.” She ruled that the introduction by Ed Sullivan at most could be an “artery to the heart of the episode.” Finally, even if the Clip were to be the “heart” of the recording of Plaintiff’s full episode, Judge Gee concluded that there was no evidence in the record that would lead a reasonable jury to conclude the Clip is “the heart” of the Jersey Boys. (It certainly occupied an infinitesimal amount of the musical itself, accounting for nothing more than 1/100th or 0.0009 percent of its 130 minute runtime.)
(4) Effect on the Market
Finally, Judge Gee found the effect upon the potential market, weighed in Defendant’s favor. She recognized that the “marketability of Jersey Boys cannot reasonably be said to be primarily dependent on Defendant’s transformative use of the Clip.” Judge Gee ruled that the extent to which the Defendant profited from the use of the Clip itself was minimal and they used none of it to market the Show. She further noted that Plaintiff introduced no evidence that it currently licensed or planned to license the Clip in support of its argument that Defendant’s use was depriving it of income from licensing fees. Judge Gee agreed with Defendant that the notion any such market existed for the introductions of Ed Sullivan was “speculative at best.”Further, Judge Gee noted that to the extent that “any existing or potential derivative market [for the Plaintiff] is, in fact, one for similarly transformative uses [like the Defendant’s], this factor is less likely to weigh in Plaintiff’s favor.” This is because “the market for potential derivatives uses includes only those that creators of the original works would in general develop or license others to develop.” quoting Campbell, 510 U.S. at 592. The loss of revenues from the transformative market cannot count for market impact under the fourth factor.
In short, Judge Gee found all four fair use factors favored a ruling that the Defendant’s use of the Clip was fair. The fact that (1) the use of the Clip was decidedly transformative in nature, (2) the short Clip was published and (3) not the heart of Plaintiff’s work, and (4) the use of the Clip had no credible effect on the value of the original copyrighted work, led Judge Gee to reject Plaintiff’s copyright claims on fair use grounds.
At least for the Plaintiff, this decision was foreshadowed by a ruling in one of its previous copyright cases. In the Ninth Circuit’s decision, Elvis Presley Enterprises, Inc v. Passport Video, 349 F.3d 622 (9th Cir. 2003), the court made a “close call” against a fair use defense where some 30 minutes of Elvis TV performances were used by a defendant. But, it also ruled that a use of a “small number of clips to reference an event for biographical purposes seems fair” and that it would be “permissible” to use Elvis clips from television shows “to note their historical value.” Here, only one 7-second clip of historic import was used by the Defendant. Unlike the Elvis Presley case, this was not a close call at all.
Indeed, Judge Gee’s decision confirmed that there was no basis for Plaintiff’s claim that the use of a 7-second historic clip in the context of a two-and-one-half hour biographical and historical play was in any way improper. Plainly, the use of the Clip played a transformative role in the Jersey Boys telling of the cultural history and life stories of the band members. The limited use of the Clip, a single, fractional excerpt of Plaintiff’s copyrighted work, helped transport the audience back to the cultural and historic setting of the 1960s so that their understanding of the events presented in the musical was meaningful; and it did so without any significant economic consequence to the Plaintiff.
David S. Korzenik of Miller Korzenik Sommers LLP and Walter R. Sadler of Leopold, Petrich & Smith represented the Defendant. Mr. Korzenik was supported by his firm associates Mona Houck and Itai Maytal. Mr. Sadler was supported by his firm associate Nicholas Morgan. Plaintiff was represented by Jeffery McFarland, George Hedges and Noah Helpern of Quinn Emanuel Urquhart Oliver & Hedges, LLP. and by Jaime Marquart of Baker Marquart Crone & Hawxhurt.


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912 Batu Road Reviews
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912 Batu Road
912 Batu Road, the Malaysian story that took 15 years to be born!
A meaningful journey with '912 Batu Road'
BOOK REVIEW | A tale of past, present and their interlinkages
Debut novelist Viji Krishnamoorthy weaves fact, fiction and family in a story that straddles WWII and contemporary Malaysia
War brought two Malayan-era families together, a secret affair ripped them apart
Malaysian author’s debut novel longlisted for Dublin Literary Award 2023
Q&A: Viji Krishnamoorthy on her debut novel 912 Batu Road
Malaysian writer Viji Krishnamoorthy's debut novel nominated for prestigious Dublin Literary Award 2023
Malaysian author Viji Krishnamoorthy longlisted for Dublin Literary Award
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The Yoga Mala
The seminal treatise and guide to Ashtanga yoga by its living master. Sri K. Pattabhi Jois is one of the great yoga figures of our time. He brought Ashtanga yoga to the West over a quarter of a century ago and has been the driving force behind its worldwide dissemination. Based on flowing, energetic movement, Ashtanga and the many forms of vinyasa yoga that grow directly out of it--have become the most widespread and influential styles of practice in the United States today.
Pattabhi Jois outlines the ethical principles and philosophy underlying the discipline of Ashtanga yoga and explains its important terms and concepts. He then guides the reader through Ashtanga's versions of the Sun Salutation and the subsequent sequence of forty-two asanas known as the Primary Series, precisely describing how to practice each and the benefits each provides. The Yoga Mala is an indispensable handbook for both students and teachers of yoga.


Or is it?
“Sometimes I think it’s when we have someone to lean on that we become unsteady. Lose our balance. Fall the hardest.” —Cate Reese, Before Goodbye
This Valentine’s Day read Cate and David’s story.
Enter the Goodreads giveaway for a chance to win a copy of Before Goodbye.
We promise, it has a hopeful ending.
“A book to set your heart aflutter.”
—The Toronto Star
“Desperate and real. Stunningly beautiful!”
—Night Owl Reviews Top Pick, 5 stars
“An important story… Highly recommended.”
—Manitoba Library Association


Covid 19 Resources
complete with resources on real time ATC status updates, state directives, and preparation tools
Analysis of Key Provisions for General Aviation Businesses in the CARES Act
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Associations Seek Exemptions to Continue Flying During COVID-19 Pandemic
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FAA Registry Update: COVID-19 Impact on Aircraft Transactions
Aviation International News (AIN) is offering free digital subscriptions to its magazine during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Best Practices for Bizav from MedAire -Medaire offers some best practices for operations during the COVID 19 pandemic to help you feel safe.


Merrill F. Gary. Our Marvelous Bodies, “An introduction to The Physiology of Human Health”. Gary F. Merrill publishing, 2008. Print.
In this text, Merrill explains the functions of human bodies, and other details that often aren’t considered with health and medicine. Through examples of everyday life, he explains different physiology processes. The foundation, nervous system and endocrine system are some of the first categories that help develop the text. Following that is the reproductive system, health and respiratory system and gastrointestinal system. Learning information about all functions of the body helps to round out the purpose of everything.
Koutedakis , Yiannis. The Fit and Healthy Dancer. 7. 48. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1999. Print.
Throughout this book, it explains how to take precaution with dance fitness. This becomes especially important to the care of wearing the right shoes, and properly stretching. Having a healthy diet is just one of the ways this book explains how to maintain fitness. Some given examples are energy and energy production, nutrition to fuel dance, principles and training of endurance and the cause of injuries, overtraining, exercise induced asthma. Furthermore, the elements of responsibility are discussed.
Ted, Zerucha. Human Development. Chelsea House Publishers , 2004. Print.
Human development is one of the most fascinating areas to study. A lot of the elements that happen in the human body cannot be explained by science. The formation of bones, for example, is complex and delicate, and if the body is not nourished that development is stunted. Other means of development, such as cells, organs and birth are discussed to understand fully the intricacy. Zerucha further explains some of the routes of irregular human development.
Taubes, Gary. Good Calories Bad Calories. Anchor; Reprint edition , 2008. Print.
Taubes compiled all of the research over seven years on dieting. In this text, he dispels the myths about what are actually good and bad calories. The increase of diabetes all over the world has brought up much concern about which foods actually are better. Questions of where foods come from, if they are organic or processed – all surround health. The references to clinical studies help to further explain the importance of awareness. All of the health issues covered relate directly to growth and development of the body.
Yanker, Gary. Exercise RX. Kodansha America, Inc, 1999. Print.
This text explains solutions to reversing the harmful major diseases. Yanker spent years developing s system to prevent rehabilitation. And also, methods to change the way the world handles rehabilitation. By solving the problem at the source, it prevents so many procedures that the government wastes money on. Common symptoms are identified in this book. Self-diagnosis isn’t recommended, but prevention is crucial.
Ehret, Christopher. The Civilizations of Africa, A History to 1800. Christopher Ehret publishing, 2002. Print.
Centuries ago, African civilizations were created from years of compiling means of survival. Things such as housing, tools and means of production were all sought out to improve the lives of Africans. This text explains everything from early civilization to slave trade. The most important application is how the history of Africa has changed over time, but remembering the cultural aspects that still remain. Understanding just how simple early civilization was leads to the conclusion of how they lived – without shoes.
& Arinze, Ardouin. , Museums & History in West Africa. West African Museums Programme, 2000. Print.
Throughout the text, culture is covered through the findings of civilizations in West Africa. The similarities and differences are expressed through the pottery and craftwork. The book begins with dissecting South Africa, Guinea, Mali, etc. Part two describes the institutional issues, museums & historical research, museums & historical heritage. The warehouses that held the exotic antiques were paid little attention to and are at risk.
El Mahdy, Christine. Mummies Myth and Magic. Christine El Mahdy publishing, 1989. Print.
The process of burying a dead body is of much fascination to the world today. The tombs that are discovered today date back to centuries ago where only depictions of Egyptian life have lead us to further knowledge. Without the depictions through scribes, we wouldn’t know too much about the history. Since 450 BC, historians have researched and found bodies, mummies. More importantly, historians have x-rayed and found details about body development. That furthermore has lead to evolution.
Haughton, Brian. History’s Mysteries; People, Places, And Oddities Lost In The Sands of Time. Brian Haughton publishing, 2010. Print.
Haughton illustrates the archeological finds and discoveries throughout the world. Some discoveries are the Tenochtitlan of Mexico, Merlin the Magician of the UK, The Uluburun Shipwreck of Turkey and many others. These are broken down into categories of mysterious places, unexplained artifacts, enigmatic people and the extinction of the Neanderthals. Overall, it focuses on the many overlooked facts of ancient times. Those oddities have shaped time, but society hasn’t noticed it.
Virginia, Alexandria. What Life Was Like At The Dawn of Democracy. By the Authors of Time-Life Books, Print.
Classical Athens was the focus point of discovering history for this text. The current depictions of Athenians lead to discoveries about civilization. Even in art, the lifestyle of Athenians seems mystical, surrounded by battlefields, legends and tradition. It is known as the age of heroes. These same people were not exposed to the things of modern day. Their entire means of survival was completely different.
Stux, Erica. The Achievers; Great Women in the Biological Sciences. Avisson Pr Inc, 2005. Print.
This book is a compilation of 20th century women who have accomplished great things in their lifetime. The women mentioned include: Gerty Cori, Josephine Baker, Rite Levi-Montalcini, Rosalyn Walow, Dorothy Hodgkin, Mary Leakey, Rosalind Franklin and Sylvia Earle. All of these women have had ambitions that changed the world of sciences. This becomes especially important on page 101, where Mary Leakey redefined homo habilis. This is essential to those who may have a deformity, which could exclude them from the definition.
Estes, J. Worth . The Medical Skills of Ancient Egypt. Watson Publishing International , 1989. Print.
Egyptians had many different were of ‘healing’ the body. One of the most fascinating things about this text is that in today’s world, those methods of healing wouldn’t really be defined as science. There is a system wasn’t taken into close detail for record. However, we have discovered some things in papyrus books that we’d classify as “internal medicine”. It is the longevity of their writings that make them so valuable. In paintings, the Egyptians have been depicted as doctors, which makes all of our means and studies outdated.
Jones, Steve. Van Loon, Borin . Introducing Genetics. Steve Jones publishing, 1993. Print.
While genetics is a fairly new edition to sciences, it has been at its peak. This text explains how DNA was discovered, what genes are, etc. One interesting fact is that, in order to complete the sequence of DNA 60,000 letters have to match up. Thus, creating a human being. Given the fact that this field of science is new, it leads to many questions about what traits can be inherited. Scientists have found many, such as in hair color, dwarfism, etc. But can certain deformities be hereditary?
Noah Kramer, Samuel. , Cradle of Civilization; Time-Life Books Alexandria, Virginia. 1967. Print.
This book is chock-full of pictures and information on civilization. Even from how writing began to anything else under the sun. On page 129, there’s a picture of Assyrian scribes making lists of captured booty while items are counted. In this pictograph, the women do not have on shoes, but there is a weird pattern on their feet that resemble sandals. It’s quite fascinating to study many of the pictographs in detail. The King of Ur is also depicted in a pictograph in a sheep skirt – but without shoes on. The harpist and singer also do not have shoes on. All of it is quite amazing to analyze.
Gies, Frances and Joseph. Life in a Medieval Village. New York: 1990. Print.
Different archeological studies and documents have been compiled into one text about life in medieval times. There are some interesting photographs of villagers doing various tasks. In ‘Slacking the sheaves. British Library, Luttrell Psalter, Ms. Add. 42130, f. 173’, the villagers have on dark colored shoes. The shoes seem to be without soles, and slightly curled at the top. The curl resembles the same sort of design from Asian foot binding. However, in the next photo, ‘Threshing, using joined flail. British Library, Luttrell Psalter, Ms. Add. 42130, f. 47v.’ the men (or women) are not wearing shoes. Every detail to is fit to the toe. This collection is all together, but showing very different cultural sides and use of shoes.


This is going to be short and sweet, because even though it's surprisingly early for a Friday night, I'm tired and going to bed.
The verdict was a general "meh" feeling. While none of us actively hated the overall books (there were moments that made us see red), we felt that there wasn't really any build up. Normally, you have an introduction, a build up, and a climax, but this book went straight from intro all the way through to the climax. As well, there were a great many cliches, such as the gruff but loveable old guy, the crazy rich guy, and the psychopath.
My feeling was that the story ended poorly. That is to say, I would have been happy if it ended badly or happily, yet this book drifted off. The narrator was wimpy all the way through, and it had a suitably wimpy ending.
This led to a discussion about Canadian lit in general, and award-winning Canadian lit in specific. That it's dull and heavy and depressing - and that's not something that Canadians are known for. Really - it's like we're a nation of agnsty teenagers: "Oh, I'm all happy and funny and laid back on the outside, but if you read my book you'll see that I'm deep and sensitive and complex!" Pshaw.
Next up: Life of Pi, by Yann Martel.


The room already included a loft. In the main room below, we made large custom closets on either side of the door, so the lower space was dedicated to clothing and storage. The loft is accessed by the staircase in front of the bed and once you go up you discover something wonderful. The area has been transformed into a large study with a home office corner and offers the perfect layout for computer position and light. In addition, the book shelves not only can hold a sea of books but can also act as a protective balustrade. Finally, from the mezzanine you can enjoy the beautiful view of the room. How lucky to have all this space and what a perfect idea for how to utilize it all so well!


• Kunstgeschichtliches Institut
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
Architectural History in Exile. Transatlantic Displacements (1914-1975)
Dr. Daniela Ortiz dos Santos
This seminar intersects architectural discourses, narratives of displacement and representations of the Atlantic World. Writings, buildings and images made by émigré architects and architectural historians in the first three quarters of the twentieth century are discussed as critical cases in order to re-frame scenes, reconstruct narratives in the historiography of the modern movement and enlarge the geo-political and cultural boundaries in which modern architecture has been presented and represented. The incorporation of names, books and sites of the southern hemisphere and the ways these have been interconnected within the framework of North-South relations are here argue as being fundamental for building more complex histories and narratives in the field of architecture.


Veronika had posted an alternate "biography" on her website at one point in time which decribed her life as a little girl growing up in Czechoslovakia. I have transcibed the contents of that biograpghy here:
Veronika Zemanova was born in the farm country of the Sumava mountains in southern Bohemia, the southernmost part of what was then Czechoslovakia. The year was 1975 and that year divided the twenty years of life behind the Iron Curtain of communism from the fourteen yet to come until the country would once again become free.
Veronika grew to her early teens on that small farm, nestled deep in the mountains. She lived a very simple life in the serenity of nature and the freedom that comes with having few choices. She loved animals, perhaps because she could talk to them of her dreams in a time and place where families no longer had dreams. The future Czech Republic during those years was a very poor country, the farm areas virtually forgotten and frozen in time. It was a place where few outsiders were seen and life turned from one day to the next with little to differentiate their unending march across the calendar. The cities were rumored to be full of danger and the corruption that always accompanies abuse of political power.
Casting aside her fears and those of her family, when Veronika turned 18 she took her few personal belongings, left her parents house and moved to Prague , the capitol, the magic Golden City on the Vltava river. Little of gold or magic greeted Veronika. Arriving by train into the murky depths of the central station and knowing no one, she struggled through those first years in unbelievable poverty, sharing the smallest rooms with strangers. A toilet in the hall was the norm, but no bathroom and if she wanted to wash herself she had to go into the street and use a fountain.
The ‘Velvet Revolution’ had come four years earlier and Veronika remembered from the television the hundreds of thousands of people crowding the streets of Prague, the burning flags and the cry for freedom demanded by millions within the Czech Republic. The Cold War had ended, but where were the good times, the promised opportunities, the easing of the hard life she’d known throughout her young years?
Veronika worked days when she could find time away from class and nights almost always, to survive and to pay for photography school. It had long been her dream to become a photographer, to capture moments, to freeze-frame the imagery within her mind and transfer it to the page.
|Veronika Zemanova Photo Shoot / Set # 291|


1842, a special summer day at the huge plantation of Mont Royal. A South Carolinian young man, Orry Maine, leaves his rich home for West Point Academy. On his way northwards, in very strange circumstances, he meets two people who will play a decisive role in his life: beautiful lady Madeleine Fabray whom Orry helps and with whom he falls in love and a "Yankee" George Hazard by whom Orry is helped and who is also on his way to West Point Academy. From that time, Orry and George are best friends and help each other at every moment, they fight for the USA in the Mexican War at Churubusco where George saves Orry's life. A few years later, the friendship of Orry and George spread to the friendship of their families, the Maines from South Carolina and the Hazards from Pennsylvania. Yet, the love of Orry's life, Madeleine gets married to Justin LaMotte, a rich cruel owner of nearby plantation in South Carolina. Their love cannot be fulfilled and they only meet in secret. Years pass by and ... Written by
Did You Know?
Living history groups with the expertise to recreate the Mexican-American War battle of Churubusco (1847) filmed the battle in a field near Natchez, Mississippi. In mid-May 1984, fourteen re-enactor units from a dozen states took a week to stage what became the largest authentic encampment of Mexican War re-enactors ever held. More than one hundred forty people arrived at their own expense, bringing their own (mostly hand-made) period-correct uniforms, hand weapons and artillery, caissons, limbers, battery wagons, field ambulances, tenting, and camping equipment. The production company provided water, hay, feed, and straw for horses, reimbursement for powder, and donations to each of the participating units. See more
When Orry breaks up Charles's fight at the tavern, Orry's waking cane bends when he hits one of the fighters on the back. See more
Featured in The Secrets of Dick Smith


Code Talkers Honored
Navajo Code Talkers developed and used a military code based on their native language to communicate troop movements and other orders during the war.
Ken Montoya, adjutant general of the New Mexico National Guard, and a representative from the office of Sen. Jeff Bingaman, D-N.M., presented the Code Talkers with certificates.
The men have been named as congressional silver medal recipients, but the medals did not arrive in time for Thursday's ceremony.
The honored Code Talkers included Carl Csinnijinni, Paul Kinlacheeny, Bud Haycock, Willie Notah, Robert Shorty, Alfred Tsosie, Peter Yazza, Kent Henry and Tom Hunter.
Several hundred others who used the code in battles on the Pacific Front were awarded the silver medal in November 2001.
The original 29 Code Talkers were recruited by the U.S. Marine Corps in 1942. About 300 Navajo Marines were eventually trained to use the code; approximately 120 of those have been confirmed.
Reprinted as a historical
document under the
Fair Use doctrine of international copyright law.


When it comes to popular and exciting MOBA games, few can match the enduring appeal of League of Legends. For over a decade, players have been drawn to its diverse roster of champions, each with their own unique abilities and captivating stories. League not only offers thrilling gameplay, but also a rich lore that spans the vast world of Runeterra, where every champion leaves a mark.
In this article, we will explore some of the top League of Legends champions with intriguing lore. These champions not only possess impressive strength and skills on the battlefield, but they also have captivating stories that resonate with players. From survivors with tragic pasts to creatures driven by knowledge, their tales will captivate your imagination and draw you deeper into the world of League of Legends.
Kassadin, once a poor orphan, unexpectedly became a guide for merchant caravans. Surviving numerous predator attacks, Kassadin’s resilience and resourcefulness earned him a new role as a guide, exploring ancient ruins and leading expeditions. It was during these journeys that he earned the name “Kassadin,” meaning “whom does the desert know?” in the language of Shurima.
Settling down in rocky canyons with his wife and daughter, Kassadin’s life took a tragic turn when he returned home to find his village devastated by an otherworldly terror. His lore highlights the struggle of an individual trying to warn others about an impending threat while they remain focused on their own problems. Kassadin’s journey into the void, seeking knowledge and protection against it, is just inspiring.
Why Kassadin lore is interesting
Kassadin’s lore is reminiscent of a religious parable, where a lone figure seeks to convince others of a looming danger that could change their lives or save them. It explores the consequences of not heeding warnings and the tragedy that follows. His ventures into the void, driven by a desire to understand and protect, add depth to his character and make him an intriguing champion to follow. He resembles the heroic quests of Commander Shepard or Daredevil.
Vel’Koz is a powerful being from the Void whose arrival on Runeterra brought a level of calculated intelligence never seen before. While other Void creatures ravage and destroy, Vel’Koz is driven by a thirst for knowledge and an insatiable desire to understand the physical realm and its inhabitants. With deadly plasma attacks and the ability to disrupt reality, Vel’Koz is a formidable champion.
As one of the first Voidborn creations, Vel’Koz was tasked with observing and learning from the living, ultimately aiding in their destruction. The champion’s relentless pursuit of understanding and research is reminiscent of iconic creatures like “The Thing” or the Tyranids from Warhammer 40k. Vel’Koz’s insatiable hunger for knowledge sets him apart and makes him a compelling character.
Why Vel’Koz lore is interesting
Vel’Koz’s lore taps into our fascination with enigmatic beings driven by a singular purpose. His hunger for information, rather than food or destruction, adds a unique twist to his character. Like the creature from “The Thing“, Vel’Koz is defined by his inherent nature and is programmed to pursuit something incomprehensible. His formidable appearance further adds to his appeal, making him a champion gamers can’t help but be drawn to.
Zilean, a skilled mage, has a deep fascination with manipulating time itself. Once a member of Icathia’s governing council, Zilean used his powers in a valiant attempt to save his people from the relentless grip of the Void. As a result, he exists outside the constraints of linear time, drifting through the past, present, and future, bending and warping the flow of time around him.
During his time on the governing council, Zilean witnessed the ill-fated decision of his fellow mages to harness the power of the Void. Despite his warnings, they ignored him, leading to the disastrous spread of Void magic throughout Icathia. In a desperate act, Zilean managed to save a group of people by removing them from time, freezing them in a suspended state. Now, he tirelessly journeys through time, seeking any strand of fate that might undo the destruction of his homeland.
Why Zilean lore is interesting
Zilean’s lore presents a captivating exploration of the consequences of tampering with time and the sacrifices made to protect one’s people. His consciousness exists across all moments of his existence, allowing him to relive his most tragic and happiest moments repeatedly, but always tainted by the knowledge of what comes after. This introspective and poignant aspect of his story brings to mind the iconic character of Doctor Strange from the Marvel universe, who navigates the complexities of time manipulation and must face the consequences of his actions. During Infinity War, Doctor Strange checked out 14,000,605 different possibilities. He could actually see all of them and, in a lot of those outcomes, he had to watch his friends die in different situations.
When it comes to League of Legends champions with fascinating stories, Jax definitely stands out. He’s known as the best weapons master in Runeterra, but what makes him truly interesting is his mysterious background. Jax is the only survivor of the Kohari, a group of champions who protected Icathia. Sadly, Icathia was destroyed by the Void, leaving Jax without a home or purpose. But here’s the cool part: Jax carries the “last light of Icathia,” a symbol of his hope to one day defeat the Void. He travels the world, searching for strong warriors who can join him in his mission. Jax is determined to rebuild the Kohari and face the impending darkness.
But I liked the old Jax lore more. He was a mysterious and skilled warrior, occasionally taking up mercenary work. Jax was widely recognized as the Grandmaster at Arms, renowned for his exceptional combat abilities and biting sarcasm. What set him apart was his remarkable proficiency with almost any weapon imaginable, yet he deliberately opted for unconventional choices, like a humble lamppost, to ensure his opponents had a fair fighting chance. His origins remained shrouded in secrecy, further enhancing his enigmatic persona.
Why Jax’s Lore is Interesting
Jax’s story is captivating for several reasons. First, his origins are mysterious. Furthermore, Jax is legendary for his skills and combat prowess. He can use any weapon with unmatched proficiency. But what sets him apart is his choice to fight with a humble lamppost, giving his opponents a fair chance. This unconventional approach shows his confidence and adds to the mystery surrounding his true power. In a way, Jax’s story reminds me of Saitama from the manga “One-Punch Man.” Like Saitama, Jax has incredible strength that seems to come out of nowhere. While Saitama’s training is often seen as a joke, the same can be said for Jax. The sheer magnitude of his abilities raises questions about their source and what lies beneath his unassuming appearance.
The captivating champion in League of Legends is Aatrox. He was once a noble Ascended warrior from Shurima, determined to fight against the Void. Aatrox’s appearance was breathtaking, with wings shining like the golden light of dawn and armor sparkling like a constellation of hope. However, the battle against the Void took a toll on Aatrox and his fellow Ascended. Though they emerged victorious, they lost a part of themselves to the Void. The once noble warriors were forever changed, and their inner turmoil led them to turn against each other. To protect Runeterra, the Targonians intervened and sealed Aatrox within his own sword. He remained trapped for centuries until a human tried to wield the sword. Aatrox managed to take control of the host’s body, but his desperation to regain his former Ascended form led him down a path of destruction and hatred.
Why Aatrox’s Lore is Interesting
Aatrox’s lore is captivating for many reasons. First and foremost, his immense power and role as the embodiment of war make him a fearsome force on the battlefield. If played skillfully, Aatrox can dominate the top lane and potentially influence the outcome of battles in the game. What makes Aatrox even more intriguing is his impact on Runeterra’s history. According to myths and tales, his presence has influenced some of the most significant wars. Though portrayed as a savior in dark times, his legacy is a world filled with ongoing conflicts and strife. This duality adds depth to his character and sparks curiosity about the consequences of his actions. Moreover, the connection between Aatrox and Tryndamere, another champion in League of Legends, adds another layer of fascination. Aatrox is said to have played a part in Tryndamere’s creation, highlighting his immense power and influence over the game’s lore.
The world of League of Legends is a testament to the amazing creativity of the developers at Riot Games. They have created a bunch of characters with captivating stories. Recently, they released an awesome animated series called Arcane.
Arcane takes us on an exciting journey through two different cities, Piltover and Zaun. Piltover is a rich and perfect place, while Zaun is a dark and oppressive city. The tension between these cities has increased with the invention of Hextech, a technology that controls magical energy. Arcane has been incredibly popular, with over 15 million households watching the series. It has an average score of 9 on IMDB, which shows how good it is. It’s rare for the game adaptations to be so successful, so Arcane’s achievement is impressive.
What makes Arcane even more special is that it was created by writers who have been part of Riot Games for a long time. Christian ‘Praeco’ Linke, a Creative Director and Composer, and Alex ‘Skribbles’ Yee, a Creative Designer, worked hard to bring the world of Runeterra to life. They won the prestigious Annie Award for Outstanding Achievement for Writing in an Animated Television , which is a big deal.
As a fan of League of Legends, I love exploring its lore. Each story reveals new and interesting details that deepen my appreciation for the game. If you’re also into the lore of League of Legends, bookmark this article. I’ll keep uncovering fascinating champion stories to share with you in the future. Let’s go on this journey together and discover the rich stories that make League of Legends such an immersive and exciting gaming experience!


The Association of Pediatric Surgery Training Program Directors (APSTPD) is comprised of the heads of all the ACGME-accredited pediatric surgery programs in North America.
Cynthia D. Downard, MD, MSSc – President
Norton Children’s Hospital, Louisville, KY
KuoJen Tsao, MD – Secretary
McGovern Medical School at UTHealth,
Upcoming APSTPD Events
Fall 2023 Meeting of the Association of Pediatric Surgery Training Program Directors
Friday, October 27, 2-6pm Eastern Time
APSTPD Diversity Scholars Program
Open Fellowship Positions
2023 Fellowship Interview Dates
- PedSurg Resource – your FREE pediatric surgical resource
- Strategies for Equity in Pediatric Surgery Fellow Selection
Resources for APSTPD Directors
Literature & Publications
Helpful resources include a variety of literature and publications produced by APSA committees.
The STEPS Toolbox slide presentations for senior faculty and senior residents to use for teaching medical students and junior residents
Critical Care Syllabus and Study Guide
Find infomration and tops from the APSA Surgical Critical Care Committee in the Critical Care Syllabus and Study Guide (PDF).


The Origins of Ancient Artifacts
9 Oldest Things in the World Delve into the world of ancient artifacts, each whispering tales of civilizations long gone. Unearthed treasures like the Stone Tools of Olduvai Gorge showcase humanity’s earliest ingenuity, providing a window into our ancestors’ resourcefulness.
A Glimpse into Ancient Architecture
The Pyramids of Giza: Standing the Test of Time Marvel at the awe-inspiring Pyramids of Giza, standing as a testament to ancient Egyptian craftsmanship. These colossal structures have captivated the world for centuries, embodying the architectural prowess of the ancient world.
Geological Marvels and Living Fossils
The Oldest Living Things on Earth Explore the world’s oldest living organisms, from ancient trees like the Methuselah Tree to resilient bacteria thriving in extreme environments. These living fossils connect us to the distant past, offering a glimpse into the Earth’s ancient landscapes.
Ancient Manuscripts and Literary Marvels
Papyrus Scrolls: Preserving Ancient Knowledge Uncover the beauty of ancient manuscripts like the Epic of Gilgamesh inscribed on delicate papyrus scrolls. These literary treasures transcend time, preserving the wisdom and stories of bygone eras.
Archaeological Wonders Beneath the Surface
9 Oldest Cities in the World Embark on a virtual journey through time as we explore the oldest cities on Earth. From Jericho to Aleppo, these archaeological wonders provide insights into the social structures and advancements of ancient civilizations.
Mysteries of Prehistoric Art
Cave Paintings: A Glimpse into Ancient Creativity Journey into the depths of caves adorned with prehistoric art. These mesmerizing paintings, such as those in Lascaux Cave, offer a unique window into the creativity and symbolism of our ancient ancestors.
Ancient Oceans and Fossilized Remnants
The Oldest Ocean on Earth Dive into the mysteries of the ancient oceans that once covered our planet. Explore fossilized remnants like the Belt Supergroup, preserving the remains of ancient marine life and providing crucial insights into Earth’s primordial seas.
Architectural Marvels of Antiquity
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon: A Green Oasis in the Past Unravel the secrets of the legendary Hanging Gardens of Babylon, considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Despite debates surrounding its existence, its allure persists in historical narratives.
Monumental Megaliths and Mysterious Structures
Stonehenge: Aligning with the Past Contemplate the enigma of Stonehenge, a monumental megalithic structure whose purpose remains shrouded in mystery. The alignment of these colossal stones continues to fascinate scholars and visitors alike.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
How were the Stone Tools of Olduvai Gorge used?
The Stone Tools of Olduvai Gorge served as multipurpose instruments, aiding early humans in tasks like hunting, cutting, and crafting. Their versatility highlights the resourcefulness of our ancient ancestors.
Are the Pyramids of Giza still standing strong?
Yes, the Pyramids of Giza have endured for over 4,500 years, a testament to the unparalleled engineering skills of the ancient Egyptians.
What is the significance of Cave Paintings like those in Lascaux?
Cave Paintings, such as those in Lascaux, provide invaluable insights into prehistoric art, offering a visual record of early human cultures, beliefs, and daily life.
How did the Hanging Gardens of Babylon stay lush and vibrant?
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon, if real, likely utilized an ingenious irrigation system to maintain their lush greenery, allowing plants to thrive in a desert environment.
What secrets do ancient manuscripts like the Epic of Gilgamesh hold?
Ancient manuscripts like the Epic of Gilgamesh offer a glimpse into the cultural, religious, and societal aspects of ancient civilizations, enriching our understanding of human history.
Are there ongoing excavations in the oldest cities like Jericho?
Yes, ongoing excavations in cities like Jericho continue to reveal new layers of history, contributing to our understanding of the social and technological advancements of ancient societies.


Asuravithu Malayalam Novel PDF: A Guide to Download and Read the Epic Story of Kunjunni
Asuravithu Malayalam Novel PDF Download: A Classic by M.T. Vasudevan Nair
If you are looking for a Malayalam novel that explores the themes of social change, family conflict, and individual identity, you should not miss Asuravithu by M.T. Vasudevan Nair. Asuravithu, which means The Demon Seed, is a masterpiece by one of the most acclaimed and versatile writers in modern Malayalam literature. In this article, we will tell you more about the novel and how you can download Asuravithu Malayalam Novel PDF for free.
asuravithu malayalam novel pdf downloadgolkes43
What is Asuravithu Malayalam Novel about?
Asuravithu Malayalam Novel is set in Kizhakkemuri, a fictional village in Kerala, during the 1950s and 1960s. The novel follows the life of Govindankutty, the youngest son of a proud Nair family, who is caught between the old and the new, the traditional and the modern, the feudal and the democratic. Govindankutty is a rebel who rejects the norms and values of his family and society. He falls in love with a lower-caste girl, joins the communist movement, and becomes involved in violent clashes with the police and landlords. He also faces the wrath of his elder brother Balan, who is loyal to the family and its status. Govindankutty's actions have devastating consequences for himself and his loved ones. He realizes that he has become an asuravithu, a demon seed, who destroys everything he touches.
Who is M.T. Vasudevan Nair?
M.T. Vasudevan Nair, popularly known as MT, is a renowned Indian author, screenplay writer, and film director. He was born in 1933 in Kudallur, a village in Palakkad district of Kerala. He is one of the pioneers of modern Malayalam literature and has written more than 20 novels and over 100 short stories. He has also scripted and directed several award-winning films based on his own or other writers' works. He has won many prestigious awards for his literary and cinematic achievements, including the Jnanpith Award, India's highest literary honor, for his novel Randamoozham (The Second Turn), which retells the Mahabharata from the perspective of Bhima. He has also received the Padma Bhushan, India's third-highest civilian honor, for his contributions to Indian culture.
How to download Asuravithu Malayalam Novel PDF for free?
If you want to read Asuravithu Malayalam Novel online or offline, you can download Asuravithu Malayalam Novel PDF for free from various sources on the internet. However, we urge you to respect the copyright of the author and the publisher and buy the novel from authorized platforms if you can afford it. Here are some of the websites where you can find Asuravithu Malayalam Novel PDF for free:
HSSlive: This website provides notes and solutions for Kerala State Board students. It also offers free PDF downloads of various Malayalam novels, including Asuravithu.
Goodreads: This website is a popular platform for book lovers to share their reviews and ratings of books they have read. It also provides links to online stores where you can buy or download books. You can find Asuravithu Malayalam Novel PDF on Goodreads by clicking on "Get a copy" and choosing "Kindle" as your format.
PDFslide: This website allows you to view and download various documents in PDF format. You can find Asuravithu Malayalam Novel PDF on PDFslide by searching for "asuravithu malay
What are the benefits of reading Asuravithu Malayalam Novel?
Reading Asuravithu Malayalam Novel can enrich your mind and soul in many ways. Here are some of the benefits of reading this novel:
You can learn more about the history and culture of Kerala, especially the Nair community and its customs, rituals, and values.
You can appreciate the beauty and power of Malayalam language and literature, as M.T. Vasudevan Nair uses his poetic and expressive style to narrate the story.
You can empathize with the characters and their struggles, as they face the challenges of social change, family conflict, and individual identity.
You can reflect on your own life and choices, as you witness the consequences of Govindankutty's actions and his transformation from a rebel to a repentant.
You can enjoy a captivating and engaging story that will keep you hooked till the end.
Asuravithu Malayalam Novel is a classic by M.T. Vasudevan Nair that deserves to be read by everyone who loves Malayalam literature. It is a novel that explores the themes of social change, family conflict, and individual identity in a realistic and compelling way. It is a novel that showcases the brilliance and versatility of M.T. Vasudevan Nair as a writer and a storyteller. It is a novel that you can download for free from various sources on the internet, but we recommend you to buy it from authorized platforms to support the author and the publisher. We hope you enjoyed this article and found it helpful. Happy reading! b99f773239


The Arrow® EZ-IO® Manual Needle Set is designed to provide controlled vascular access via the intraosseous (IO) route to patients in emergent situations when standard venous access is not possible. Using IO access, providers can deliver lifesaving fluids and medications rapidly and effectively.¹ ²
1.Lewis P, Wright C. Saving the critically injured trauma patient: a retrospective analysis of 1000 uses of intraosseous access. Emerg Med J 2014;31(9):784. doi:10.1136/emermed-2014-203588
2.Paxton JH, Knuth TE, Klausner HA. Proximal humerus intraosseous infusion: a preferred emergency venous access. J Trauma 2009; 67: 606-11. Research sponsored by Teleflex.


About the Report
On a biennial basis, CCIC issues a report on the economic impact of the state's fifteen non-profit independent colleges and universities. The study looks at the payrolls of CCIC member institutions, their spending for goods and services, the spending done by students, visitors, faculty and staff along with the indirect and induced job creation and spending that occurs because of the presence of these institutions in their communities.
The 16.5 billion dollar impact is significant, and the report outlines how key these institutions are as educators, employers and community partners in Connecticut.
Summary of Research Findings


The Balanced Breath
Developing a place of silence within yourself, a peaceful center where you are aware of the Presence of God, is the most important and useful gift you can give yourself in these changing times. The easiest way to become centered is to use the breath as a focusing tool. Your breath is your connection to the Divine Source, so never belittle the simplicity of breathing in a focused, conscious manner.
Many of the messages in this book contain Practices that refer to the balanced breath.This content is for members only.


Row, row, row your waka is my first childrens picture-song book which introduces te reo in a familiar tune and is also fully translated. Kids love to sing along and perform the actions especially Pukana and the Haka. The characters explore the moana of Aotearoa, all the creatures of Tongoroa and get to rock to sleep under the stars of Matariki.
Row, row, row your waka is published by David Bateman Ltd, and will be available in Paper Plus exclusively from November 2016 until the end of the year before being available in all book stores. For more information about the crew please visit www.rowyourwaka.co.nz.
For this book, I have authored the book, illustrated and designed the book, set up and managed the facebook page and the website.


The Good Thief - Hannah Tinti
Twelve year-old Ren is missing his left hand. How it was lost is a mystery that Ren has been trying to solve for his entire life, as well as who his parents are, and why he was abandoned as an infant at Saint Anthony's Orphanage for boys. He longs for a family to call his own and is terrified of the day he will be sent alone into the world.
But then a young man named Benjamin Nab appears, claiming to be Ren's long-lost brother, and his convincing tale of how Ren lost his hand and his parents persuades the monks at the orphanage to release the boy and to give Ren some hope. But is Benjamin really who he says he is? Journeying through a New England of whaling towns and meadowed farmlands, Ren is introduced to a vibrant world of hardscrabble adventure filled with outrageous scam artists, grave robbers, and petty thieves. If he stays, Ren becomes one of them. If he goes, he's lost once again. As Ren begins to find clues to his hidden parentage he comes to suspect that Benjamin no only holds the key to his future, but to his past as well.
2/5 stars (it was ok)
I thought the first half of the book was slow, but then the last half made up for it. Ren finds out about his past through an unexpected way. He makes friends with an unlikely person. By the end of the book Ren knows most of his story, although I don't consider the ending to be totally happy. There are some odd characters that add to the story such as Dolly (an axe murderer), Mrs. Sands (a woman that shelters them), a set of twins that are supposed to be bad luck and even a dwarf that comes down the chimney.


This guide describes the Window API, which is an essential component of integrating with the DeSo Identity Service. If you haven't yet read through the Introduction and Concepts guides, it would be helpful to do so prior to reading this documentation. The Window API guide consists of two subpages, which should give you a comprehensive view of the API:
Basics guide outlines the fundamentals of integrating with the Window API
Endpoints is an exhaustive list of all API endpoints.
Upon finishing reading about the Window API, we recommend taking a look at the iframe API, especially if you're developing a web application. And if you're creating a mobile app, check out our Mobile Integration guide next.


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The New Jersey Business & Industry Association today urged voters to approve Public Question No. 1 on the ballot Tuesday, November 7—the proposed act that will allow the state to sell $125 million in State general obligation bonds.
The goals of the bond act are to upgrade public library facilities to meet community needs and to strengthen New Jersey’s economy by creating job opportunities.
“New Jersey’s public libraries provide a wide array of programs and services of which there is great demand, including job research,” said NJBIA President and CEO Michele Siekerka. “These bonds will allow for repairs, increased capacity and technology upgrades for libraries in need, while also creating construction jobs.”
The proceeds from the bonds will be used to provide grants to construct, expand and equip public libraries. Municipalities or counties that fund public libraries will be required to match the grant amount. They could do so by soliciting private funding to support its match.
Under law, the New Jersey State Librarian and the President of Thomas Edison State University would develop a process for applying and distributing construction funds.
A survey conducted by the New Jersey Library Association found that 80 percent of in-state libraries are already planning for expansion, renovation or facility improvements. Nearly 48 percent of New Jersey libraries are in need of additional square footage, while more than 41 percent are not fully ADA compliant.
“It’s also worth noting that recent survey data finds that more than 53 percent of millennials said they used a public library or bookmobile in the previous 12 months,” Siekerka said. “That’s a higher response than any survey of Gen Xers or Baby Boomers.
“These higher use numbers can be attributed to use of computers and internet connections, and in some cases, 3-D printers. Libraries serve important functions for our millennials, many relating to job searching and researching. It’s important that these important facilities advance with changing times.”
Legislation for the bond act question was passed with bi-partisan support in both houses of the New Jersey Legislature and was signed into law by Governor Christie in July.
The last Public Library Construction Bond Act was passed 18 years ago, resulting in 68 communities constructing or renovating library facilities. Library services were transformed in many communities with the addition of new computer facilities, upgraded teen centers or community meeting rooms.
For a copy of Public Question No. 1, please click here.


Poetry of Remembrance Community Reading October 21
On Saturday, October 21, from 6:00 to 8:30 PM, members of the community are invited to attend the annual El Día de los Muertos “Poesía del Recuerdo / Poetry of Remembrance” celebration. We are pleased to announce that this year’s event will take place at Petaluma Historical Library & Museum, 20 4th Street, Petaluma, CA 94952.
Our featured bilingual speakers will include Lalin the Poet (Luis Vasquez) and poet Gina Tello Bugarin; poet and painter Sandra Anfang; artist and community educator Irma Vega Bijou, former Sonoma County Poet Laureate Phyllis Meshulam, and many others. Our host for the evening will be Elizabeth Herron, Sonoma County’s current Poet Laureate.
Those who wish to honor the memory of someone who has departed are encouraged to bring something—a photo or an item that reminds them of their loved one—that can be placed on a community altar for the evening.
Those who would like to participate in the community reading are encouraged to share, in Spanish (or other language) and/or English, a brief poem or remembrance.
Poetry of Remembrance/Poesía del Recuerdo is part of the month-long El Día de los Muertos celebrations held in Petaluma during the month of October, featuring community altars, bilingual storytelling, sugar skull workshops, music, dance, and a procession with giant puppets.
Admission is free. For more information about El Día de Los Muertos events, check out Facebook at El Día de Los Muertos Petaluma.
I will be one of the readers at this event.


Pratiksha Yadav is a young Hindi poet and influencer who has taken the literary world by storm with her remarkable talent and unwavering dedication. Pratiksha’s love for poetry began at a very young age, when she started writing her first poems at the age of eight.
Since then, she has been honing her craft and sharing her work on social media platforms like Instagram and YouTube, where she has amassed a huge following of fans who are captivated by her heartfelt and poignant poems.
Pratiksha Yadav’s success story as a young poet and influencer would not be complete without acknowledging the role of her teachers and school. Pratiksha attends Little Angels High School in Gwalior, where she was fortunate to have several dedicated teachers who recognized her talent and provided her with the support and guidance she needed to develop her skills.
Ms. Binita Jaiswal, Meenakshi Bajpai, Vandana Dixit, and Ms. Shabhana Rehana are among the teachers who have played a key role in Pratiksha’s journey as a poet. They have encouraged her to pursue her passion for writing, provided her with feedback and critique to help her improve, and given her opportunities to showcase her work through school events and competitions.
Pratiksha herself acknowledges the invaluable role of her teachers in her success. She says, “I think that without them it was not possible to reach at a huge success point because they supported me a lot. They have helped me in every way possible, whether it’s giving feedback, giving me a platform to showcase my work, or just being there to encourage me.”
Pratiksha’s poetry covers a wide range of themes, from love and heartbreak to social issues and politics. Her work is characterized by its emotional depth, authenticity, and simplicity, and she has a gift for expressing complex ideas and emotions in a way that is accessible and relatable to people of all ages and backgrounds.
In recognition of her talent and dedication, Pratiksha has received numerous awards and accolades, including the National Pride Award and the Best Achievers Award by Magic Books of Record. Her work has been featured in several publications, including Amar Ujala, Dainik Jagran, and Hindustan Times, and she has been invited to speak at literary events and conferences across India.
Despite her success, Pratiksha remains humble and grounded, and is always eager to learn and grow as a poet and influencer. She credits her parents and teachers for their support and encouragement, and is grateful for the opportunities she has been given to share her work with the world.
Pratiksha’s success is an inspiration to young people everywhere, showing that with hard work, dedication, and a passion for your craft, anything is possible. She is a role model for young poets and influencers, and a shining example of the power of creativity and self-expression to change lives and inspire others. We can only wait and watch as this young prodigy continues to blossom and create magic with her words.