title: Презентация на тему: Chess in my life

text:
Gymnasium No.1
Chess in my life
Aims
History of chess
9 World chess champions are from Russia and USSR
My best achievements
My plans
    But to be the best of the best it is necessary to be strong. And consequently I have many plans including my results in chess. Thus, I want to be a financial director or a manager of a bank. My skills to give out credits to companies, working in a Bank or to construct cash flow of companies, having built production and sales, should be formed most of all by those qualities which I have got being engaged in chess.

Bibliography
http://www.google.ru/search?hl=ru

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lewis_Chessmen_Overview.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Shatranj.jpg

http://east-art.ru/index.php/india/original/chess

http://mega.km.ru/bes_2004/DATA/PREV1998/pt7854.jpg

http://proceedings.usu.ru/mag/0008
Made by Eugene Okun
Form 11«V»
Advisor: L.Cherkashina
2009
1 millennium B.C.
Alexander Aleckhine
Mikhail Botvinnik
TigranPetrosian
KarpovAnatoly
KasparovGarry
  Vasiliy Smyslow
SpasskyBoris
KramnikVladimir
Chess is a base of different skills

CHESS
Ability to analyze a situation
To expect various situations and to count variants of  decisions in advance
Fast solutions-making
An outlook
Will power and character development
I place The Belgorod region junior championship
I place The Belgorod  region championship (between adults)
III place The World school championship(Greece)
George Soros
The greatest American financier
The historical evidence, given in the slide, proves that this game was thought out in the first millennium B.C. and was presented by Indian mathematician to his RADGA. Since then, all the country was covered by this game and during next centuries, it was taken by Persia and others on the ancient East.
At the time when the Europe was conquered by moors this game was presented among local establishment and became very popular. So we can consider chess as one of the world miracles and achievements based on multi-cultural and religious ground.
Besides, you can see on the slide the evolution of chess figures forms, that confirms the evolution of Human intelligence.

Thus, all these qualities influence formation of the human being and the professional practically in any sphere.
To become the real professional for me is one of the important aims of my life, therefore I began to go in for chess. In process of my development, these qualities have allowed to achieve certain results:
(look at this slide)


title: Презентация на тему: Central Park

text:
0.8 km
4 km


title: Презентация на тему: Central banking system and its functions

text:
Central banking systemand its functions
Contents
Definition

Main functions

Currency issuance

Naming of central banks

Policy instruments

Conclusion
Central bank
Monetary authority of a country granted the

   exclusive privilege to lend a government its

   currency.
Main functions
implementing monetary policy

controlling money supply

money issuance

setting the official interest rate
Currency issuance
Exclusive privilege of a central bank
Examples of naming
Bank of country
National bank of
Reserve bank of
Central banking systemand its functions
Contents
Definition

Main functions

Currency issuance

Naming of central banks

Main policy instruments

Conclusion
Central bank
Monetary authority of a country granted the

   exclusive privilege to lend a government its

   currency.
Main functions
implementing monetary policy

controlling money supply

money issuance

setting the official interest rate
Currency issuance
Exclusive privilege of a central bank
Examples of naming
Main policy instruments
Open market operations

Reserve require ratio

Interest rate policy
Open market operations
Do not require the immediate printing of new currency

Most frequently used tool of central bank
Central banking systemand its functions
Contents
Definition

Main functions

Currency issuance

Naming of central banks

Main policy instruments

Conclusion
Central bank
Monetary authority of a country granted the

   exclusive privilege to lend a government its

   currency.
Main functions
implementing monetary policy

controlling money supply

money issuance

setting the official interest rate
Currency issuance
Exclusive privilege of a central bank
Examples of naming
Main policy instruments
Open market operations

Reserve require ratio

Discount rate policy
Open market operations
Do not require the immediate printing of new currency

Most frequently used tool of central bank
Required reserve ratio
Discount rate policy
Affect the balance between demand and supply

Taken into account before starting business
Conclusion
Central bank system becomes the most important mean of economy policy in crisis period
Thank you for your attention.
Manto Alexander
Budget and Treasury
   Academy in Moscow
2009
Central banking systemand its functions
Contents
Definition

Main functions

Currency issuance

Naming of central banks

Main policy instruments

Conclusion
Central bank
Monetary authority of a country granted the

   exclusive privilege to lend a government its

   currency.
Main functions
implementing monetary policy

controlling money supply

money issuance

setting the official interest rate
Currency issuance
Exclusive privilege of a central bank
Examples of naming
Main policy instruments
Open market operations

Reserve require ratio

Discount rate policy
Open market operations
Do not require the immediate printing of new currency

Most frequently used tool of central bank
Required reserve ratio
Discount rate policy
Affect the balance between demand and supply

Taken into account before starting business
Conclusion
Central bank system becomes the most important mean of economy policy in crisis period
Thank you for your attention.
Manto Alexander
Budget and Treasury
   Academy in Moscow
2009
Bank of country
National bank of
Reserve bank of
Central banking systemand its functions
Contents
Definition

Main functions

Currency issuance

Naming of central banks

Main policy instruments

Conclusion
Central bank
Monetary authority of a country granted the

   exclusive privilege to lend a government its

   currency.
Main functions
implementing monetary policy

controlling money supply

money issuance

setting the official interest rate
Currency issuance
Exclusive privilege of a central bank
Examples of naming
Main policy instruments
Open market operations

Reserve require ratio

Discount rate policy
Open market operations
Do not require the immediate printing of new currency

Most frequently used tool of central bank
Required reserve ratio
Discount rate policy
Affect the balance between demand and supply

Taken into account before starting business
Conclusion
Central bank system becomes the most important mean of economy policy in crisis period
Thank you for your attention.
Manto Alexander
Budget and Treasury
   Academy in Moscow
2009
Bank of country
National bank of
Reserve bank of
Central banking systemand its functions
Contents
Definition

Main functions

Currency issuance

Naming of central banks

Main policy instruments

Conclusion
Central bank
Monetary authority of a country granted the

   exclusive privilege to lend a government its

   currency.
Main functions
implementing monetary policy

controlling money supply

money issuance

setting the official interest rate
Currency issuance
Exclusive privilege of a central bank
Examples of naming
Main policy instruments
Open market operations

Reserve require ratio

Discount rate policy
Open market operations
Do not require the immediate printing of new currency

Most frequently used tool of central bank
Required reserve ratio
Discount rate policy
Affect the balance between demand and supply

Taken into account before starting business
Conclusion
Central bank system becomes the most important mean of economy policy in crisis period
Thank you for your attention.
Manto Alexander
Budget and Treasury
   Academy in Moscow
2009
Central banking systemand its functions
Contents
Definition

Main functions

Currency issuance

Naming of central banks

Main policy instruments

Conclusion
Central bank
Monetary authority of a country granted the

   exclusive privilege to lend a government its

   currency.
Main functions
implementing monetary policy

controlling money supply

money issuance

setting the official interest rate
Currency issuance
Exclusive privilege of a central bank
Examples of naming
Main policy instruments
Open market operations

Reserve require ratio

Discount rate policy
Open market operations
Do not require the immediate printing of new currency

Most frequently used tool of central bank
Required reserve ratio
Discount rate policy
Affect the balance between demand and supply

Taken into account before starting business
Conclusion
Central bank system becomes the most important mean of economy policy in crisis period
Thank you for your attention.
Manto Alexander
Budget and Treasury
   Academy in Moscow
2009
Central banking systemand its functions
Contents
Definition

Main functions

Currency issuance

Naming of central banks

Main policy instruments

Conclusion
Central bank
Monetary authority of a country granted the

   exclusive privilege to lend a government its

   currency.
Main functions
implementing monetary policy

controlling money supply

money issuance

setting the official interest rate
Currency issuance
Exclusive privilege of a central bank
Examples of naming
Main policy instruments
Open market operations

Reserve require ratio

Discount rate policy
Open market operations
Do not require the immediate printing of new currency

Most frequently used tool of central bank
Required reserve ratio
Discount rate policy
Affect the balance between demand and supply

Taken into account before starting business
Conclusion
Central bank system becomes the most important mean of economy policy in crisis period
Thank you for your attention.
Manto Alexander
Budget and Treasury
   Academy in Moscow
2009
Central banking systemand its functions
Contents
Definition

Main functions

Currency issuance

Naming of central banks

Main policy instruments

Conclusion
Central bank
Monetary authority of a country granted the

   exclusive privilege to lend a government its

   currency.
Main functions
implementing monetary policy

controlling money supply

money issuance

setting the official interest rate
Currency issuance
Exclusive privilege of a central bank
Examples of naming
Main policy instruments
Open market operations

Reserve require ratio

Discount rate policy
Open market operations
Do not require the immediate printing of new currency

Most frequently used tool of central bank
Required reserve ratio
Discount rate policy
Affect the balance between demand and supply

Taken into account before starting business
Conclusion
Central bank system becomes the most important mean of economy policy in crisis period
Thank you for your attention.
Manto Alexander
Budget and Treasury
   Academy in Moscow
2009
Central banking systemand its functions
Contents
Definition

Main functions

Currency issuance

Naming of central banks

Main policy instruments

Conclusion
Central bank
Monetary authority of a country granted the

   exclusive privilege to lend a government its

   currency.
Main functions
controlling money supply

money issuance

setting the official interest rate

implementing monetary policy
Currency issuance
Exclusive privilege of a central bank
Examples of naming
Main policy instruments
Open market operations

Reserve require ratio

Discount rate policy
Open market operations
Do not require the immediate printing of new currency

Most frequently used tool of central bank
Required reserve ratio
Discount rate policy
Affect the balance between demand and supply

Taken into account before starting business
Conclusion
Central bank system becomes the most important mean of economy policy in crisis period
Thank you for your attention.
Manto Alexander
Budget and Treasury
   Academy in Moscow
2009
Central banking systemand its functions
Contents
Definition

Main functions

Currency issuance

Naming of central banks

Main policy instruments

Conclusion
Central bank
Monetary authority of a country granted the

   exclusive privilege to lend a government its

   currency.
Main functions
controlling money supply

money issuance

setting the official interest rate

implementing monetary policy
Currency issuance
Exclusive privilege of a central bank
Examples of naming
Main policy instruments
Open market operations

Reserve require ratio

Discount rate policy
Open market operations
Do not require the immediate printing of new currency

Most frequently used tool of central bank
Required reserve ratio
Discount rate policy
Affect the balance between demand and supply

Taken into account before starting business
Conclusion
Central bank system becomes the most important mean of economy policy in crisis period
Thank you for your attention.


Презентация на тему: Части тела


Презентация на тему: ЧАСТИ ТЕЛА


title: Презентация на тему: Части тела (Parts of the body)

text:
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Pptforschool.ru
head
hair
face
nose
ear
eye
mouth
teeth
neck
hand
finger
arm
elbow
knee
shoulder
back
foot
toe
leg


title: Презентация на тему: Celts

text:
C E L T S
700 BC

Came from Europe

Had blue eyes
   Fair or red hair
The Celts came from
central Europe
further east, from southern Russia
 Trade Centres of the Celts
LondonThe Thames River
EdinburghThe Firth of Forth
Scots Gaelic
 Welsh
Cornish
Irish Gaelic
Gaulish
Manx Gaelic
Aberdeen
Dundee
Killkenny
Stratford-Upon-Avon
The Queen of the CeltsBoadicea


Презентация на тему: Человек и его поступок


Презентация на тему: Человек на Луне


title: Презентация на тему: Через Всемирную сеть – к знаниям английского языка

text:
www.alleng.ru
www.audio-class.ru
www. bilingual.ru
www.efl.ru
www.english.language.ru
www.english4fun.ru
www.englishforbusiness.ru
www.englishforkids.ru
www.languages-study.com
www. usefulenglish.ru


Презентация на тему: Числительные


title: Презентация на тему: Числительные от 1 до 10

text:
1
4
5
6
8
9
10
2
3
7
next
1
4
5
6
8
9
10
seven
2
3
7
7
1
4
5
6
8
9
10
2
next
three
3
3
7
1
4
5
6
8
9
ten
2
10
next
10
3
7
1
5
6
8
9
four
2
next
4
4
10
3
7
1
5
6
8
nine
2
next
9
9
4
10
3
7
5
6
8
one
2
next
1
1
9
4
10
3
7
5
8
six
2
next
6
6
1
9
4
10
3
7
5
eight
2
next
8
8
1
9
4
10
3
7
5
two
next
6
2
2
8
1
9
4
10
3
7
five
6
5
exit


title: Презентация на тему: Числительные в английских пословицах и поговорках

text:
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Chistotkina G.N.

All for one and one for all

One of our kind
one  apple a day keeps a doctor away
Two dogs over one bone seldom agree
To kill two birds with one stone
Of two evils choose the best
Four eyes see more than two
Fifth wheel
Fifth wheel, odd man out
He that will thrive, must rise at five
To know backwards
A sixth sense
Six and half a dozen
In the seventh heaven
To be on cloud nine
Keep a thing seven years and you will find a use for it
Every day is not Sunday
Look before you  leap


title: Презентация на тему: Числительные в английском языке

text:
900igr.net
1
One
First
2
two
second


title: Презентация на тему: Числительные в английских пословицах и поговорках.


Презентация на тему: число и цифра 6


title: Презентация на тему: Читаем быстро. Тренажёр по английскому языку

text:
a dog
a cup
a hen
a lamp
a bus


title: Презентация на тему: Читаем с удовольствием

text:
Let me tell you some words  about this book.
Let me tell you some words  about this book.

Let me tell you some words  about this book.
Let me tell you some words  about this book.
Let me tell you some words  about this book.
Let me tell you some words  about this book.
Let me tell you some words  about this book.
Let me tell you some words  about this book.


Презентация на тему: Чорнописька М.І.


Презентация на тему: Чья команда лучше знает слова. Тренажёры по немецкому языку


title: Презентация на тему: Что любят животные

text:
Thomas likesanimals
eat
lions
parrots
meat
corn
eat
cats
rabbits
children
Ice cream
drink
cats
children
milk
juice
Dogs eat tomatoes.
Cats drink coffee.
Rabbits eat soup.
Cockerels eat meat.
Lions drink coca cola.
Horses eat ice cream.
Fish eat pizza.
Parrots drink tea.
Birds eat jam.


title: Презентация на тему: Чтение на английском языке

text:
900igr.net

ee, ea      ___________________ 5
oo           ___________________ 6
ow           __________________  7
ow, ou     __________________  8
ng           ___________________ 9
sh           __________________   10
ch           __________________   11
th           __________________   12
ck           ___________________ 13
ph         ___________________  14
kn         ___________________   15
wr          ___________________  16
cc        ____________________  17
Gg        ____________________  18
Jj         _____________________ 19
Dd, Ff, Ll, Mm,Nn,Tt  _________ 20
ee [i:]ea [i:]
ow [eu]
ow [au]ou [au]
sh[  ]
ck[k]
ph[f]
kn[n]
wr[r]
Wrong
number
Cc [s] [k]
G g [d   ][g]
J j [d  ]
Enjoy the rhymesto read well !


title: Презентация на тему: California

text:
California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is the most populous U.S. state, home to 1 out of 8 Americans, and is the third largest state by area (after Alaska and Texas). It is home to the nation's second and fifth most populous census statistical areas (Greater Los Angeles area and San Francisco Bay Area, respectively), and eight of the nation's 50 most populated cities (Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, Fresno, Sacramento, Long Beach, and Oakland). The capital city is Sacramento.
California in United States
		The word California originally referred to the entire region composed of the Baja California peninsula of Mexico, the current U.S. states of California, Nevada, and Utah, and parts of Arizona, New Mexico, and Wyoming.
		The name California is most commonly believed to have derived from a fictional paradise peopled by Black Amazons and ruled by Queen Calafia. The story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a remote land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts, and rich in gold.
		California is the 3rd largest state in the United States in size, after Alaska and Texas.
		In the middle of the state lies the California Central Valley, bounded by the coastal mountain ranges in the west, the Sierra Nevada to the east, the Cascade Range in the north and the Tehachapi Mountains in the south. The Central Valley is California's agricultural heartland.
		Divided in two by the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, the northern portion, the Sacramento Valley serves as the watershed of the Sacramento River, while the southern portion, the San Joaquin Valley is the watershed for the San Joaquin River; both areas derive their names from the rivers that transit them. With dredging, the Sacramento and the San Joaquin Rivers have remained sufficiently deep that several inland cities are seaports.

		The Sierra Nevada (Spanish for "snowy range") includes the highest peak in the contiguous 48 states, Mount Whitney, at 14,505 feet (4,421 m). The range embraces Yosemite Valley, famous for its glacially carved domes, and Sequoia National Park, home to the giant sequoia trees, the largest living organisms on Earth, and the deep freshwater lake, Lake Tahoe, the largest lake in the state by volume.
A view of the Pacific coast in Big Sur
Aerial view of the California Central Valley
Yosemite National Park
Death Valley, in the desert regions of the Inland Empire
Potato Harbor on Santa Cruz Island.
The coastline along Laguna Beach in Southern California.

		California's climate varies from Mediterranean to subarctic.
		Much of the state has a Mediterranean climate, with cool, rainy winters and dry summers. The cool California Current offshore often creates summer fog near the coast. Farther inland, one encounters colder winters and hotter summers.

		California is one of the richest and most diverse parts of the world, and includes some of the most endangered ecological communities. California is part of the Nearctic ecozone and spans a number of terrestrial ecoregions.
		California boasts several superlatives in its collection of flora: the largest trees, the tallest trees, and the oldest trees. California's native grasses are perennial plants. After European contact, these were generally replaced by invasive species of European annual grasses; and, in modern times, California's hills turn a characteristic golden-brown in summer.
		In the deserts of the lower Sonoran zone, the mammals include the jackrabbit, kangaroo rat, squirrel, and opossum. Common birds include the owl, roadrunner, Cactus Wren, and various species of hawk. The area's reptilian life include the sidewinder viper, desert tortoise, and horned toad. The upper Sonoran zone boasts mammals such as the antelope, brown-footed woodrat, and Ring-tailed cat. Birds unique to this zone are the California Thrasher, bushtit, and California Condor.
		The two most prominent rivers within California are the Sacramento River and the San Joaquin River, which drain the Central Valley and the west slope of the Sierra Nevada and flow to the Pacific Ocean through San Francisco Bay. Several major tributaries feed into the Sacramento and the San Joaquin, including the Pit River, the Tuolumne River, and the Feather River.

		The first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed an undefined portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila Galleons on their return trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565.[39] Sebastián Vizcaíno explored and mapped the coast of California in 1602 for New Spain.
		Finally, after the Portola expedition of 1769-70, Spanish missionaries began setting up 21 California Missions on or near the coast of Alta (Upper)California, beginning in San Diego. During the same period, Spanish military forces built several forts (presidios) and three small towns (pueblos). Two of the pueblos grew into the cities of Los Angeles and San Jose.
	On September 9, 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850, California was admitted to the United States undivided as a free state, denying the expansion of slavery to the Pacific Coast.
		Migration to California accelerated during the early-20th century with the completion of major transcontinental highways like the Lincoln Highway and Route 66. In the period from 1900 to 1965, the population grew from fewer than one million to become the most populous state in the Union. In 1940, the Census Bureau reported California's population as 6.0% Hispanic, 2.4% Asian, and 89.5% non-Hispanic white. The 1906 San Francisco earthquake and 1928 St. Francis Dam flood remain the deadliest in U.S history.
	Meanwhile, attracted to the mild Mediterranean climate, cheap land, and the state's wide variety of geography, filmmakers established the studio system in Hollywood in the 1920s.
The Hollywood Sign, a symbol of the American Film industry
	The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of California was 38,041,430 on July 1, 2012, a 2.1% increase since the 2010 United States Census. Between 2000 and 2009, there was a natural increase of 3,090,016 (5,058,440 births minus 2,179,958 deaths).
The California State Capitol building in Sacramento
		The economy of California is large enough to be comparable to that of the largest of countries. FY 2011, the gross state product (GSP) is about $1.96 trillion, the largest in the United States. California is responsible for 13.1 percent of the United States' $14.96 trillion gross domestic product (GDP). California's GDP is larger than that of all but 8 countries in dollar terms (the United States, China, Japan, Germany, France, Brazil, the United Kingdom, and Italy). California's GDP is larger than the GDPs of Russia, India, Canada, Australia, and Spain; in terms of Purchasing Power Parity, it is larger than all but 9 countries (the United States, China, India, Japan, Germany, Russia, Brazil, France, the United Kingdom, Italy), larger than Mexico, South Korea, Spain, Canada, and Turkey.
Sacramento
		The state's local government is divided into 58 counties and 482 incorporated cities and towns; of which 460 are cities and 22 are towns. Under California law, the terms "city" and "town" are explicitly interchangeable; the name of an incorporated municipality in the state can either be "City of (Name)" or "Town of (Name)".
		Sacramento became California's first incorporated city on February 27, 1850. San Jose, San Diego and Benicia tied for California's second incorporated city, each receiving incorporation on March 27, 1850. Jurupa Valley became the state's most recent and 482nd incorporated municipality on July 1, 2011.
Sacramento
		The majority of these cities and towns are within one of five metropolitan areas: the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area, the San Francisco Bay Area, the Riverside-San Bernardino Area, the San Diego metropolitan area and the Sacramento metropolitan area.
		The state recognizes two kinds of cities: charter and general law. General law cities owe their existence to state law and are consequentially governed by it; charter cities are governed by their own city charters. Cities incorporated in the 19th century tend to be charter cities. All ten of the state's most populous cities are charter cities.
Los Angeles
San Francisco
The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, one of California's most famous landmarks
Sandiego


title: Презентация на тему: Что помогает вам развлечься?

text:
Answer the questions and be ready to make up a short story
Who made the first film in the world?
What is the capital of film entertainment in the world?
When did the first studio appear?
Who were the famous actors of silent films?
What was the title of the first colour film?
Who starred in this film?
What were the first genres of American films?
Read the words and word expressions. Guess the theme of our lesson.
To be demonstrated
The first film
To be appeared
To be opened
At the end of the 1920s
May 1896 in St.Petersburg
1929 in Leningrad
In the USSR, USA and Germany
The first sound cinema house
The history of cinematography in Russia

Alexandr Rou
1906 - 1973

Andrei Tarkovsky
1932 - 1986

Eldar Ryazanov
1927 -

Nikita Mikhalkov
1945 -
Question - Answer
Who founded the first studio in Rissia?
Who were the stars of silent films in Russia?
What were the most popular genres of Russian films?
Which films were  made by the directors mentioned above?
Hometask
     Be ready to speak about Russian cinematography


title: Презентация на тему: Что повлияло на формирование американского варианта английского языка

text:
Match the  American and the British words
THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA
Christopher  Columbus
1492
Native Americans
What did you learn about the early Indians?
the first Indians came from Asia
the Indians originally entered North America by crossing the Bering Strait
the Indians entered a new world that was completely uninhabited by other people
when settling the country, the Indians moved into North, Central and South  America
        post
       mail
      sweet
      candy
      mark
      grade
       tube
     subway
        film
      movie
        test
        quiz
      trainers
    sneakers
        shop
       store
         flat
  apartment
        BrE
      AmE
potato chips
autumn
movie
sweets
candy
chips
holiday
the fall
store
film
apartment
shop
crisps
vacation
flat
frenchfries
Match the  American and the British words
potato chips
autumn
movie
sweets
candy
chips
holiday
the fall
store
film
apartment
shop
crisps
vacation
flat
frenchfries


title: Презентация на тему: Чарли Чаплин

text:
Charlie Chaplin
Charles Spencer «Charlie» Chaplin
16 april 1889 – 25 december 1977
 Charlie Chaplin was born April 16, 1889 in London, at 8:00 pm, outside the East Lane, Walworth in a family of artists in the music hall. His parents - Charles Chaplin Sr. and Hannah Chaplin (on stage Lily Gurley) - were stand-up actors. Shortly before the wedding with a Chaplin-st., Hannah gave birth to Sidney Hill, a half-brother of Charlie, from a certain Jew named Hawks.
Charles Spencer «Charlie» Chaplin

Charles Chaplin Sr. - owner of a pleasant baritone - was in the mid-1880s, is very popular in London music halls. He often had to go on tour in Europe, he played in New York. His repertoire met and songs composed by him. Stage career Charles Spencer Chaplin Sr. ended tragically: he lost his voice, lost his engagement, took to drink and died May 9, 1901 in London's St Thomas' Hospital at the age of 37 years. [9] In addition, the paternal grandmother, who died when Charlie was not yet six years old, came from the Smith family, who belonged to the Roma than the actor himself was extremely proud, though described it in his autobiography as "the skeleton in the family closet" (or "very terrible secret").

Charlie made his first appearance on stage in 1894, at the age of five years, replacing the program of music hall of his mother. Due to problems with the larynx and later she lost her voice at all necessary for a singing job. Little Charlie tore applause of spectators who were on the scene to throw coins and banknotes. He won the audience even more by becoming a childlike collect money during the performance, and then returned to the stage and finished the song from the repertoire of the mother. On stage, Hannah does not return.

Hannah Chaplin, shortly after her husband was seriously ill. Brothers Sid and Charlie (and his mother) were in the workhouse at Lambeth, and then were sent to a school for orphans and poor children. They had to earn a living. In 1896, Hannah lost her mind and was later placed in a psychiatric hospital. For some time, his own son and stepson to take in Charles Chaplin Sr., who already had a new wife and son, 4 years younger than his half-brother, Charlie.

In 1903, he (at age 14) to get a permanent job in the theater and as a messenger Billy in the play "Sherlock Holmes." At this time, Chaplin was virtually illiterate. When he was given the role of the text, he was afraid that he was asked to read aloud a few paragraphs. The role helped him learn Sidni.21 brother in February 1908 has a place in the theater actor Fred Karno company, which supplies ready skits and pantomimes for a number of music halls, and soon became one of the key actors in a number of productions (some of which he later adapted for the screen).

In Switzerland, Chaplin wrote the music for his silent films, the voice of the film "The Gold Rush."
The actor was awarded the International Peace Prize in 1954.
In his film "A King in New York" (1957) Chaplin himself plays the main role.
In 1964, Chaplin published his memoirs, which were the basis of the biographical film "Chaplin" (1992).
The last film, "A Countess from Hong Kong" Chaplin puts on its scenario in 1967, the main roles are played by Sophia Loren and Marlon Brando.

In 1972, Chaplin was the second time an honorary "Oscar". For this, he went for a short time in the U.S. - he was given only a limited visa. March 4, 1975 Chaplin was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II.
Artist died in his sleep Dec. 25, 1977 at his home in Vevey, and was buried in the local cemetery. In memory of Charlie Chaplin on the shores of Lake Geneva, a monument.
March 1, 1978 Chaplin's coffin was dug up and kidnapped for ransom. [23] Police arrested the criminals, and the actor's body was reburied 17 May 1978 in the cemetery Meruz in Corsier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland, under 6 feet (1.8 meters) of concrete, in the future to prevent such attempts.
Chaplin was married four times, he had 12 children. Some of them also tried his hand at acting break, but fame as an actress got a Geraldine Chaplin.


title: Презентация на тему: Черезвучайные ситуации

text:
Организационные основы защиты населения от чрезвычайных ситуаций мирного и военного времени
Сафаровой Вусалы Огтай кызы
МС – 131д
Чрезвычайные ситуации

— это обстановка, сложившаяся на определенной территории или акватории в результате аварии, опасного природного явления, катастрофы, стихийного или иного бедствия, которая может повлечь или повлекла за собой человеческие жертвы и др.

Министерство Российской федерации

МРФ по делам гражданской обороны, чрезвычайным ситуациям и ликвидации последствий стихийных бедствий является федеральным органом исполнительной власти, проводящим государственную политику и осуществляющим управление в области гражданской обороны, защиты населения и территорий от чрезвычайных ситуаций природного и техногенного характера, обеспечения пожарной безопасности, а также координирующим деятельность федеральных органов исполнительной власти в указанной области.
В систему МЧС России входят :

центральный аппарат;
территориальные органы;
государственная противопожарная служба МЧС России;
войска гражданской обороны;
аварийно и поисково спасательные формирования;

Основные задачи МЧС России

выработка и реализация государственной политики в области гражданской обороны, защиты населения и территорий от чрезвычайных ситуаций, обеспечения пожарной безопасности, а также безопасности людей на водных объектах в пределах компетенции министерства;
 осуществление по решению Президента Российской Федерации и Правительства Российской Федерации мер по организации и ведению гражданской обороны, защите населения и территорий от чрезвычайных ситуаций и пожаров и т.д..;
 организация подготовки и утверждения в установленном порядке проектов нормативных правовых актов в области гражданской обороны, защиты населения и территорий от чрезвычайных ситуаций, обеспечения пожарной безопасности и безопасности людей на водных объектах;
МЧС в пределах своей компетенции осуществляет мероприятия

издает нормативные правовые акты по вопросам гражданской обороны, защиты населения и территорий от чрезвычайных ситуаций, обеспечения пожарной безопасности и осуществляет контроль за их исполнением;
проводит в установленном порядке проверку готовности министерств и ведомств к осуществлению мероприятий гражданской обороны;
в случае возникновения чрезвычайных ситуаций запрашивает в установленном порядке от министерств и ведомств, субъектов РФ информацию, необходимую для выполнения возложенных на МЧС России задач;
Приоритетные направления МЧС

развитие и совершенствование единой дежурной диспетчерской службы на базе телефона «01» на региональном, территориальном и местном уровнях;
 создание и развитие общероссийской комплексной системы информирования и оповещения населения в целях обеспечения личной и общественной безопасности;

Спасибо за внимание !


title: Презентация на тему: "Что в имени тебе моем…" О происхождении английских фамилий

text:
William
Robert
Ralph
Richard
William
Robert
Ralph
Richard
John
Domesday Book
-son
Abbotson

Dickens
Mac
-son
-son
Mac
Fitz -
-son
Mac
Ap -
-son
Mac


title: Презентация на тему: Что ты собираешься делать в выходные?

text:
What are we going to speak about?
Saturday
Sunday
What are you going to do next weekend?

Weekend
watch TV
dance
play computer games
go for a walk
read
draw
go shopping
ride a bike
swim
am   is   are
I am going to read.
Are you going to read?
Yes, I am./ No, I am not.
What are you going to read?
     Read and learn!
  I am going to jump,You are going to sing,She is going to run, He is going to swim.

Saturday
swim in the pool
play computer games
Sunday
write the letter to Sam
play football
go for a walk

Saturday
swim in the pool
play computer games
Sunday
write the letter to Sam
play football
go for a walk

Make a dialog with your partner
Tell about your partner!


title: Презентация на тему: Cергей Александрович Есенин

text:
Last Poet of the Village'
Biography and poetry of Sergey Aleksandrovich Yesenin (1895-1925)

I don't pity, don't call, don't cry
I don't pity, don't call, don't cry, All will be gone, like haze from the white apple trees. Seized by the gold of withering, I will never be young again.
My heart, touched by the chill within, You will not beat as before, And the cotton birches of the countryside No more will lure me to gad about barefoot.
From 'I don't pity, don't call,...' 1921 Translated by Lyuba Coffey

Sergey Yesenin, c. 1919
Sergey Yesenin is without doubt the most profoundly Russian of all the poets of the Revolution. Sometimes dismissed by elitist poetic circles as a 'peasant poet', Yesenin was in fact an extremely gifted lyricist, an intellectual and a celebrity. He was the poet of the people, not only during the early days of the Revolution but long after his death in 1925 at age 30. His poetry survived through the Stalinist period, despite official disapproval of his works. His little books of poetry, often in tatters, could be found in the hands of migrant workers and Red Army soldiers. Many of his poems are learnt by heart at school. They have been set to music and are popular songs in modern Russia. His poetry, deceptively simple in structure, is fresh, sincere, melancholy and full of fire.

Alone, I am standing in the bare plain, While the cranes are carried far away by the wind; I am full of thoughts about my joyous youth, But I regret nothing from the past.I do not regret the years squandered in vain, I do not regret the lilac blossom within my soul. In the garden, a fire of rowan-berries is burning, But it cannot warm anyone.The rowan-berries in clusters, will not be scorched, The grass will not grow yellow and perish. As the tree gently lets fall its leaves, So I let fall melancholy words.From 'The golden grove has ceased to speak...' 1924 Translated by Dimitri Obolensky
Yesenin in 1915
His wife's
Yesenin was married five times in his short but very full life.
His first marriage was to Anna Romanovna Izryadnova in 1913. They had a son Yuri in 1914.
The second was to Zinaida Nikolayevna Riykh, an actress, in 1918. She bore him a daughter Tatiana and a son Konstania the following year. A year later they separated and he began the life of a wandering Bohemian poet. He was divorced from Riykh in October 1921 at the time when he first became acquainted with Isadora Duncan, the famous American dancer. In 1922 they were married and sailed for America on the 'Paris'. He was suspected of being a subversive and was held briefly on Ellis Island with his wife. The short stormy marriage was all the more remarkable, not that he was 17 years younger, but because he spoke no English and she no Russian. A year later, in 1923, they were separated. Next there was a civil marriage to Galina Arturovna Benislavskaya, his secretary. Also in that same year he had a son Alexandr by the poet Nadezhda Davidnova Volpin. Yesenin never saw Alexandr. Ironically, Alexandr Sergevich Volpin-Yesenin later became a well known poet in the dissident movement in Russia in the 1960s. In March 1925, Yesenin became acquainted with the grandaughter of Leo Tolstoi, Sophia Andreyevna Tolstoya. She became his last wife.
Isadora Duncanand Yesenin, 1922
Zinaida Nikolayevna Riykh

Yesenin's 'simplicity', the songlike qualities, sincerity and lyricisms are all reflected vividly in his poetry. They imbue his personal psyche. He called his poems about animals 'a paean to animal rights'. His melancholic imagery in the poem about the red-manedcolt is a stark prophecy concerning today's dehumanized, urban society. The death of Yesenin, the most Russian of poets, marked the end of the Bolshevik regime's tolerance of artistic freedom. But his legacy traveled well in the sacks of migrant workers and Red Army soldiers, through all the years of the Soviet Russia. And his voice rang out in the lyrics of popular tunes all over his beloved 'Rus'. His verses about folklore, themselves became folklore.
A Letter to Mother
Are you still alive, my dear granny? I am alive as well. Hello! Hello! May there always be above you, honey, The amazing stream of evening glow. I've been told that hiding your disquiet, Worrying about me a lot, You go out to the roadside every night, Wearing your shabby overcoat. In the evening darkness, very often, You conceive the same old scene of blood: Kind of in a tavern fight some ruffian Plunged a Finnish knife into my heart. Now calm down, mom! And don't be dreary! It's a painful fiction through and through. I'm not so bad a drunkard, really, As to die without seeing you. I'm your tender son as ever, dear, And the only thing I dream of now Is to leave this dismal boredom here And return to our little house. And how!I'll return in spring without warning When the garden blossoms, white as snow. Please don't wake me early in the morning, As you did before, eight years ago. Don't disturb my dreams that now have flown, Don't perturb my vain and futile strife For it's much too early that I've known Heavy loss and weariness in life. Please don't teach me how to say my prayers! There is no way back to what is gone. You're my only joy, support and praise And my only flare shining on. Please forget about your pain and fear, Please don't worry over me a lot Don't go out to the roadside, dear, Wearing your shabby overcoat

The Birch Tree/Береза
Under my windowTucked in the snowWhite birch retiredClad in silver glow.
On the fluffy branchesSnowy-trim with silver-tingeMelted around catkinsForming white fringe.
Like golden firesSnow-flakes blazedWhile birch stood stillAsleep, or amazed.
Meanwhile, lazilyStrolling around,Dawn threw more “silver”On the twigs (and ground).
Translated from original by K.M.W.Klara

Белая березаПод моим окномПринакрылась снегом, Точно серебром.
На пушистых веткахСнежною каймойРаспустились кистиБелой бахромой.
И стоит березаВ сонной тишине,И горят снежинкиВ золотом огне.
А заря, ленивоОбходя кругом,Обсыпает ветки Новым серебром.
1913
The Stars/Звезды
Tiny stars, bright stars, high stars!What are you keeping-in, and what are you hiding?How do the tender, deep-thoughts of stars,Keep my soul captive, without binding?
Private stars, compact stars!Is it your beauty, knowledge, or might?What great power, o heavenly stars,Keeps my fascination burning at night?
Why when you shine, do you lure me hard,To the embrace of the wide sky?You look tenderly, you caress my heartHeavenly stars, stars from afar, why?
Translated from original by K.M.W.Klara

Звездочки ясные, звезды высокие!Что вы храните в себе, что скрываете?Звезды, таящие мысли глубокие,Силой какою вы душу пленяете?
Частые звездочки, звездочки тесные!Что в вас прекрасного, что в вас могучего?Чем увлекаете, звезды небесные,Силу великую знания жгучего?
И почему так, когда вы сияете,Маните в небо, в объятья широкие?Смотрите нежно так, сердце ласкаете,Звезды небесные, звезды далекие!
1911-1912
The Storm/Буря
Leaves atremble,the maples rocked.They scattered pollenlike powdered brass.Winds blew andgreen forest sighted.The echo whispered with driedfeather – grass, Gloomy stormat the window cries bending twigstoward the murky glass.Shaking morosely, as if dismayed,They gaze into semi-darkness, alas...
Black clouds keep creepingfrom afar.Ferociously swellthe river, the waves roar;Like strong armsbrandishing a scimitar,they keep crashingagain and they soar.
© Translation by K.M.W. KlaraAll rights reserved

Дрогнули листочки, закачались клены,С золотистых веток полетела пыль...Зашумели ветры, охнул лес зеленый,Зашептался с эхом высохший ковыль...
Плачет у окошка пасмурная буря,Понагнулись ветлы к мутному стеклу,И качают ветки, голову понуря,И с тоской угрюмой смотрят в полумглу...
А вдали, чернея, выползают тучи,И ревет сердито грозная река,Подымают брызги водяные кручи,Словно мечет землю сильная рука.
1914-1915
Winter/Зима
At the moment the autumn disappeared,The brusque winter came tearing all along.Winged like, it has appeared,No one knows how, why, or for how long.
Deep frosts turned the dams into sheer ice,(A heavenly sight for every ice sprinter)Some boys exclaimed, “Hey, it’s nice!”Others added, “Thank you winter.”
With new designs on the glazed windowsMysterious beauty the world acquiredEven though everyone paused and admiredWho did it, when, and how? No one knows.
The falling snowflakes swirled and dashed,Then settled down like a huge white throw.Just then in the clouds the sunlight flashedAnd a sparkle appeared on the frosted snow.
© Translation by K.M.W. KlaraAll rights reserved

Вот уж осень улетела,И примчалася зима.Как на крыльях, прилетелаНевидимо вдруг она.
Вот морозы затрещалиИ сковали все пруды.И мальчишки закричалиЕй "спасибо" за труды.
Вот появилися узорыНа стеклах дивной красоты.Все устремили свои взоры,Глядя на это. С высоты
Снег падает, мелькает, вьется,Ложится велой пеленой.Вот солнце в облаках мигает,И иней на снегу сверкает.
1911-1912


Презентация на тему: Что такое гравитация


title: Презентация на тему: ЦЕРКОВЬ ИОАННА ПРЕДТЕЧИ

text:
St. John the Baptist Church in Yaroslavl
(Russian: Церковь Иоанна Предтечи)
St. John the Baptist Church
St. John the Baptist Church, dating from the 1680s, is the acme of traditional Russian architecture.
Where is located
It was built in 1671-1687 on the bank of Kotorosl river in the Tolchkovo Sloboda (district) which at that time was the largest and wealthiest part of the town.
Its walls and dome drums are covered with richly glazed tiles; the temple's fifteen onion domes are assembled in three groups.
The bell-tower
The 7-storey, 45-metre high bell-tower was built later than the church itself in mid-1690s.

The entire interior is covered with frescoes depicting Christian saints, St. John the Baptist hagiography and biblical topics. They were painted by Dmitry Plekhanov and Fyodor Ignitiev in 1694-1695.
You can see the Church of St. John the Baptist in Yaroslavl on the 1000 ruble banknote.
The End


title: Презентация на тему: Числительные (The numerals)

text:
The numerals
Презентация к теме «Числительные» по английскому языку для обучающихся СПО (закрепление грамматического материала)
Преподавателя иностранного языка ГБОУ СПО ЛТК КК
Максаковой Марии Олеговны

1. Answer these questions. Write your answers in words.
 When were you born?_____________________________________________________
 How much do you weigh?__________________________________________________
 What is the number of the flat or house where you live?_____________________________
 Is that an odd or an even number?______________________________________________
 What is the approximate population of your town?_________________________________
 What is the approximate population of your country?_______________________________
What is the normal temperature of a healthy person?________________________________
 How many kilometres are there in a mile?________________________________________

2. Correct the mistakes in these sentences.
After the game I heard the crowd was over twenty thousands. ________________

We arrived on the ten September. _______________________________________

There were two hundred twenty altogether. _______________________________

I got twenty-five from forty in my test. ___________________________________

My birthday is thirty-one August. _______________________________________

My phone number is seven twenty three, six naught nine. ____________________

thousand

two hundred and twenty

forty

thirty-first

seven, two, three, six, naught, nine

tenth

3. How do you say these numbers in English?
Example: 384 - Three hundred and eighty-four
 212________________________________________________
 5330________________________________________________
 3,000,000____________________________________________
4.5__________________________________________________
0.75_________________________________________________
Two hundred and twelve
Five thousand, three hundred and thirty
Three million
Four comma five
Naugh comma seven, five

Look left, rightLook up, look downLook around.Look at your noseLook at that roseClose your eyesOpen, wink and smile.Your eyes are happy again.
4. Read and translate the sentences.
1. Habit is second nature.
2. First catch your hare, then cook him.
3. Forty is the old age of youth, fifty is the youth of old age.
4. Tests started in late 1981.
5. The thermometer reads 25" below zero.
6. He encountered this phenomenon for the first time.
7. Five times six is thirty.
8. This substance reacts (вещество реагирует)  100 times as fast as the other one.
9. This substance decomposes (распадается) one tenth as fast as the other one.
10. Now we proceed to (перейдем ко ) the second point.

5. Do the test.
1) 25
twenty five
 twenti five
 twenty-five
 tventy-five
2) fourteen
 12
 13
 14
 15

3) 41
forty-one
forty one
fortyone
forti-one
4) seventy three
 71
 72
 73
 74

5) 32
thirty-two
thirtytwo
thirty two
threety-two
6) sixty seven
 66
 67
 68
 69

7) 94
ninety-four
 nine four
 nine-for
 ninefour
8) twenty six
 26
 27
 28
 29

8) 70
sewenti
 sewenty
 seventi
 seventy
9) forty-nine
 46
 47
 48
 49

10) 2000
two thousands
 two thousand
two hundreds
11) twelve
 12
 13
 14
 15

12) Несколько тысяч
several thousands
several thousand
 оба варианта верные
13) thirteen
 18
 13
 17
 15

14) Миллионы долларов
 millions of dollars
million of dollars
millions dollars
15) миллиард
 a billion
a milliard
оба варианта правильные

6. Write answers to these problems.
23 and 36 is_____________
 24 times 8 is_____________
 80 minus 20 is_____________
 65 divided by 13 is____________
Add 10 and 6, multiply by 8, then subtract 40 and divide by 11. What have you got left?______________________
 Divide 33 by 11, multiply by 7, add 10, and subtract 16. What number is left?_____________________________

fifty -nine
one hundred and ninety-two
sixty
five
fifty-four comma four
fifteen

Спасибо за внимание!
Использованные источники:
http://sr-week.ru/?p=14266
http://ru.depositphotos.com/1211058/stock-photo-Futuristic-numerals.html
http://www.artsides.ru/?ItemID=3088&SetID=57
http://www.liveinternet.ru/users/cold_woter/page2.html
http://www.snow-w.com/vb/showthread.php?t=17934
http://cl.rushkolnik.ru/docs/36/index-12831-23.html


title: Презентация на тему: Что ты знаешь об Америке?

text:
What do you know         about
the USA?
1. Who discovered America?
A) Christopher Columbus

B) George Washington

C) The pilgrims
2. Who was the first presidentof the USA?

A) Abraham Lincoln

B) Georg Washington

C) Franklin D. Roosevelt
3. What is the national symbol of America?

A) The rose

B) The bald eagle

C) The shamrock
4. Which is the United States capital?

A) New York City

B) Los Angeles

C) Washington, D.C.
5. Where is the Statue of Liberty?

A) New York

B) Massachusetts

C) California
6. The American flag has:

A) thirteen stripes

B) thirty stripes

C) fifty stripes
7. Where is the tallest building (skyscraper) in the world ?

A) New York City

B) Chicago

C) San Fransisco
8. When do Americans celebrate Independence Day?

A) July 4

B) December 25

C) February 14
9) What is the national sport in America?

A) football

B) soccer

C) baseball
10. Who was the first man  on the moon?

A) Yury Gagarin

B) John Glenn

C) Neil Armstrong


title: Презентация на тему: Чудо Рождества

text:
Edit Master title style
Edit Master title style

Santa Claus is based on a real person, St. Nicholas who was born in Turkey in the 4th century. He was a bishop.  He had devoting his life to Christianity. It was his custom to go out at night and bring gifts. He was very shy, and wanted to give money to poor people without them knowing about it.  One day, he climbed the roof of a house and dropped a purse of money down the chimney. It landed in the stocking which a girl had put to dry by the fire! This may explain the belief that Santa Claus comes down the chimney and places gifts in children's stockings.
 The Dutch kept the legend of  St.Nicholas alive and in 16th century Holland, Dutch children would place their wooden shoes by the hearth in hopes that they would be filled with a treat. The Dutch spelled St.Nicholas as Sint Nikolaas, which became corrupted to Sinterklaas, and finally, to Santa Claus. In 1822, Clement C. Moore composed his famous poem, «A Visit from St.Nick," which gave us the modern image of Santa Claus as a jolly fat man in a red suit, riding a sleigh drawn by eight flying reindeer. In the USA the name was mispronounced and finally changed to Santa Claus.
Thus was born the legendary figure of Sinterklaas and our favourite Santa Clause is the result of its American mispronunciation.
What does Santa Claus wear under a fur coat? White linen shirt and trousers, decorated with white geometric patterns (symbol of purity ). At the head of Santa Claus - a red cap with silver and pearl. On a frosty day, Santa Claus wears white boots.


title: Презентация на тему: Черные дыры и темная материя

text:
Черные дыры и темная материя
Подготовили Михальцова Анна и Герко Татьяна, 11 «М» класс
Состав Вселенной
      Тёмная материя— форма материи, которая не испускает электромагнитного излучения и не взаимодействует с ним. Это свойство данной формы вещества делает невозможным её прямое наблюдение.
       Наиболее естественным кажется предположение, что тёмная материя состоит из обычного, барионного вещества, по каким-либо причинам слабо взаимодействующего электромагнитным образом и потому необнаружимого при исследовании, к примеру, линий излучения и поглощения. В состав тёмного вещества могут входить многие уже обнаруженные космические объекты, как то: тёмные галактические гало, коричневые карлики и массивные планеты, компактные объекты на конечных стадиях эволюции:белые карлики, нейтронные звёзды, чёрные дыры. Кроме того, такие гипотетические объекты, как кварковые звёзды, Q-звёзды ипреонные звёзды также могут являться частью барионной тёмной материи.

Классификация тёмной материи
Ключевое предположение приводимой ниже классификации состоит в том, что частицы ТМ находились в термодинамическом равновесии с частицами космической плазмы на ранних стадиях эволюции Вселенной. В определенный момент времени температура упала настолько, что среднее время пролета частиц ТМ в плазме превысило хаббловское (реакция "заморозилась"), и взаимодействия с барионным веществом прекратились. В зависимости от температуры, при которой это произошло, ТМ делят на "горячую", "холодную" и "теплую".

Горячая тёмная материя
Если в момент выхода из равновесия энергия частиц много превышала их массу, ТМ называют горячей. Такими могли бы быть легкие частицы типа нейтрино, но космологические данные исключают возможность того, что последние составляют значительную долю ТМ.

Холодная тёмная материя
Если частицы ТМ отщепились от космической плазмы уже будучи нерелятивистскими, такую ТМ называют «холодной». Она наиболее предпочтительна с точки зрения космологии, так как частицы горячей ТМ при движении с релятивистскими скоростями разглаживали бы неоднородности плотности материи на масштабах порядка хаббловского в ту эпоху и, таким образом, препятствовали бы образованию крупномасштабных структур, что противоречит наблюдательным данным.

Теплая тёмная материя
Теплой называют ТМ, составленную из частиц массой больше или порядка 1 эВ. Естественно, они были релятивистскими в момент выхода из равновесия. В отдельный вид ТМ эти частицы выделяют потому, что горячая ТМ является релятивистской на момент перехода от радиационно-доминированной к пылевидной стадии расширения Вселенной (который случился при температурах порядка 1 эВ), а теплая уже не является. Это важно, поскольку рост возмущений плотности происходит существенно по-разному на этих стадиях, и этот рост существенно зависит от того, является ли ТМ релятивистской или нет на пылевидной стадии.

Основная трудность при поиске частиц тёмной материи заключается в том, что все они электрически нейтральны. Имеются два варианта поиска: прямое и косвенное. При прямом поиске изучаются следствия взаимодействия этих частиц с электронами или атомными ядрами с помощью наземной аппаратуры. Косвенные методы основаны на попытках обнаружения потоков вторичных частиц, которые возникают, например, благодаря аннигиляции солнечной или галактической тёмной материи.

Черные дыры
Из всех гипотетических объектов Вселенной, предсказываемых научными теориями, черные дыры производят самое жуткое впечатление. И, хотя предположения об их существовании начали высказываться почти за полтора столетия до публикации Эйнштейном общей теории относительности, убедительные свидетельства реальности их существования получены совсем недавно.

Чёрная дыра́ — область в пространстве-времени, гравитационное притяжениекоторой настолько велико, что покинуть её не могут даже объекты, движущиеся со скоростью света (в том числе и кванты самого света).
Граница этой области называется горизонтом событий, а её характерный размер — гравитационным радиусом.

Вопрос о реальном существовании чёрных дыр тесно связан с тем, насколько верна теория гравитации, из которой следует их существование. В современной физике стандартной теорией гравитации, лучше всего подтверждённой экспериментально, является общая теория относительности (ОТО), уверенно предсказывающая возможность образования чёрных дыр.

Кроме того, чёрными дырами часто называют объекты, не строго соответствующие данному выше определению, а лишь приближающиеся по своим свойствам к такой чёрной дыре — например, это могут быть коллапсирующие звёзды на поздних стадиях коллапса. В современной астрофизике этому различию не придаётся большого значения, так как наблюдательные проявления «почти сколлапсировавшей» («замороженной») звезды и «настоящей» («извечной») чёрной дыры практически одинаковы.

История представлений о чёрных дырах
В истории представлений о чёрных дырах условно можно выделить три периода:
Начало первого периода связано с опубликованной в 1784 году работой Джона Мичелла, в которой был изложен расчёт массы для недоступного наблюдению объекта.
Второй период связан с развитием общей теории относительности, стационарное решение уравнений которой было получено Карлом Шварцшильдом в 1915 году.
Публикация в 1975 году работы Стивена Хокинга, в которой он предложил идею об излучении чёрных дыр, начинает третий период. Граница между вторым и третьим периодами довольно условна, поскольку не сразу стали ясны все следствия открытия Хокинга, изучение которых продолжается до сих пор.
Обнаружение чёрных дыр
На данный момент учёными обнаружено около тысячи объектов во Вселенной, которые причисляются к чёрным дырам. Всего же, предполагают учёные, существует десятки миллионов таких объектов.

В настоящее время единственный достоверный способ отличить чёрную дыру от объекта другого типа состоит в том, чтобы измерить массу и размеры объекта и сравнить его радиус с гравитационным радиусом, который задаётся формулой

,

где  G — гравитационная постоянная, M  — масса объекта, c  — скорость света.
Сверхмассивные черные дыры
В центре нашего Млечного Пути и других галактик располагается невероятно массивная черная дыра в миллионы раз тяжелее Солнца. Эти сверхмассивные черные дыры (такое название они получили) были обнаружены по наблюдениям за характером движения межзвездного газа вблизи центров галактик.

Еще в 2011 году ученые предположили, что примитивные черные дыры являются источником темной материи
Исследователи Шраван Ханазоге и Михаэль Кесден в ходе своих научных экспериментов предположили, что примитивные черные дыры, то есть те, которые появились сразу после Большого Взрыва, могли быть источником темной материи в нашей вселенной.

Спасибо за внимание!


title: Презентация на тему: Числительные в Английском Языке

text:
The numerals
  1 - 10
Френдак Галина Емельяновна,
учитель английского языка
Копьёвской средней школы

one
                                 one, one, one
                                 little dog run
two
                                      two, two, two
                               little cat run too

three
                        three, three, three
                         tiger in a tree
four
                                        four, four, four
                          Mary at the cottage
                         door
five
                                          five, five, five
                    use your fork and knife

six
                                          six, six, six
                                          bring me wooden sticks
seven
                              seven, seven, seven
                       playing with a raven
eight
                                       eight, eight, eight
                        wash your dirty plate
nine
                               nine, nine, nine
                        the computer is mine
ten
                                ten, ten, ten
                         give me this blue pen

Ten little Indians
One little, two little,
 three little Indians
Four little, five little,
 six little Indians
Seven little, eight little,
 nine little Indians
Ten little Indian boys
Name the numerals

What is your phone number?
123 – 956 – 537
893 – 566 – 437
749 – 251 – 748
634 – 827 – 115
759 – 453 - 261

zero
                      В телефонных номерах
                     читается [ou]
                        430 – 670 - 500
Использованные ресурсы
http://kroha.dn.ua/download/files/2871_04d1df8b1220b45f280c9510b4a0ecda один
http://de.trinixy.ru/pics4/20110121/dressed_up_dogs_18.jpg собачка бежала
http://s019.radikal.ru/i627/1205/13/20022ffca8d6.jpg два
http://intv.ua/uploads/files/vv/k/o/kotenok.jpg кошка бежала
http://s59.radikal.ru/i165/1303/0b/d431fbc4a97f.jpg три
http://img0.liveinternet.ru/images/attach/c/1/50/904/50904733_tigers.jpg тигр на дереве
http://s002.radikal.ru/i200/1301/92/d52b8fa28752.jpg четыре
http://lib.irismedia.org/book/Tales/skazki/image/trimed4.jpg мери у двери
http://i081.radikal.ru/1304/d1/d82d73b46b41.jpg пять
http://images.petovod.ru/2011/12/19/132427048802.jpg собака с палкой
http://newsoftek.at.ua/c/cifru/aa10265bc9a2.png шесть
http://gorod.tomsk.ru/uploads/28460/1254539072/5.jpg ворон
http://forum.na-svyazi.ru/uploads/201306/post-168621-1371803193.jpg семь
http://forum.na-svyazi.ru/uploads/201305/post-80720-1368597158.jpg восемь
http://shot.photo.qip.ru/301qBXY.jpg мыть посуду
http://img.babyblog.ru/e/e/1/ee1e4aadbfb6e04fb9bdb85e0fa670e5.jpg девять

http://board.od.ua/uploads/aimages/large/76/75917-70581.jpg компьютер
http://s08.radikal.ru/i181/1008/28/7cf6b71e7d60.jpg десять
http://www.suvenirholl.ru/products_pictures/176_25.jpg синяя ручка
http://kartinki-dlya-detej.ru/content/gallery_photo/1847/2936399303.jpg цифры
http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/5813/94387793.2d/0_735fa_5e282fd2_L телефон
http://www.compulog.ru/other/images/d55eef0d2354ab3a63edcd4d40353707.jpg телефон
http://nayrok.ru/uploads/posts/2011-10/1319191306_detskie-fony.png титульная рамка
http://www.ikt.oblcit.ru/67/Mischtschenko_TS/index.files/slide0045_background.gif фон


Презентация на тему: Цифры - наши школьные помощники. Тренажёры по немецкому язык


title: Презентация на тему: Ciao Italia! - Привет, Италия!

text:
Ciao Italia!
Cristoforo Colombo
Marco Polo
Galileo Galilei
Leonardo da Vinci
Michelangelo
Antonio Vivaldi
Dante Alighieri
Francesco Petrarca
Carlo Goldoni
Giovanni Boccaccio
Roma, Colosseo
Venezia
Pisa
Napoli, Vesuvio
Sicilia, Etna
http://it.wikipedia.org
http://fotostranmira.org/Italiya
http://www.italia-ru.it
http://www.consumer-club.com.ua
http://tuttaitalia.ru/musica
http://www.live-in-drive.ru
http://www.cbs-uz.ru/node/884
http://sportemblems.ru


title: Презентация на тему: Чикаго

text:
CHICAGO
As every road had once led to Rome, 	every road in America leads to 			Chicago.

Chicago map shows that Chicago is located in the Midwestern United States on the southwestern shores of Lake Michigan, 	bordering the Illinois-Indiana State Line.
For many centuries before Chicago  was visited by a white man ,it was the home of the red-skins Indian tribes.
Chicago has three million people and is the third-biggest city in the United States. It grew up quickly, being incorporated as a city only in 1837.
The city of Chicago was founded in 1833 and it rapidly became a major transportation and telecommunication hub in North America. It is considered as a center of international business and commerce and is listed as the world's top ten global financial centers.
Chicago’s nicknames are: the Windy City, the City of Big Shoulders, the Second City, and The City That Works.
Today, Chicago is known as the Windy City. Walking around it  you might suspect that Chicago got this nickname from the winds off Lake Michigan. But the true origin of the saying comes from politics.
Chicago used its central position to become the primary railroad  linking the eastern and western United States.
 Chicago is famous for its architecture, culture, entertainment and business
Cloud Gate

See yourself and a reflection of the city skyline in artist Anish Kapoor’s interactive sculpture that sits in the center of the Park.

Chicago looks great from every angle
 The city is visited by millions of tourists every year.
Millennium Park...
The Willis Tower  is the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere at 110 stories high.
It’s no wonder
 that President Barack and Michelle Obama – and nearly three million others – call Chicago
 home.
Chicago's "Eye" sculpture
There is so much to do in the city that many visitors want to come back time and time again to see the sights you’ve never seen before and revisit the ones you enjoyed the most.
SHOPPING
Shop till you drop! From luxury and trendy fashion boutiques to  Department stores.
Chicago is on Lake Michigan, which has 26 miles of beaches, trails, and boardwalks. In the "Windy City" temperatures range from minus 30 degrees Fahrenheit in winter to more than 100 in summer.

		THE END


Презентация на тему: Что значит быть настоящим человеком?