---
license: mit
task_categories:
- tabular-classification
- tabular-regression
language:
- en
tags:
- parquet
- duckdb
- uk
- housing
- epc
- land-registry
- price-paid-data
- epc-data
pretty_name: UK Housing (EPC + PPD) — Parquet
size_categories:
- 10M<n<100M
---

# UK Housing Dataset

## Dataset Details

### Dataset Description

The **UK Housing Dataset** combines two official UK Government open data sources:

* **Price Paid Data (PPD):** Residential property sales recorded by HM Land Registry from the start of digital records up to **June 2025**.
* **Energy Performance Certificates (EPC):** Property energy efficiency records from the UK Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (DLUHC).

Both datasets were obtained in CSV/Text formats from official government portals and converted to **Parquet** format with **Hive partitioning** to optimize storage, search, and large-scale analysis.

* **PPD Partitioning Strategy:** `sale_year=?/sale_month=?/outcode2=?`

* **EPC Partitioning Strategy:** `outcode2=?/lodgement_year=?`

* **Curated by:** Usama Shahid ([LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/reach-usama/)) and open data from UK Government sources

* **Funded by:** N/A (public data)

* **Shared by:** Usama Shahid

* **Language(s):** English

* **License:** [Open Government Licence v3.0 (OGL)](https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/)

### Dataset Sources

* **PPD Repository:** [HM Land Registry Price Paid Data](https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/price-paid-data)
* **EPC Repository:** [EPC Open Data](https://epc.opendatacommunities.org/)

---

## Uses

### Direct Use

The dataset is suitable for:

* **Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA):** Understanding housing markets and property-level energy efficiency.
* **Machine Learning:** Price prediction models, EPC rating prediction, regression and classification tasks.
* **Policy Research:** Assessing housing affordability and environmental performance.
* **Urban Studies & Geography:** Linking transaction patterns with regional housing or sustainability trends.

### Out-of-Scope Use

* Identifying or profiling individuals.
* Commercial resale of the dataset without respecting OGL terms.
* Using property-level information in ways that could compromise privacy.

---

## Dataset Structure

### Price Paid Data (PPD)

Schema (selected fields):

* Transaction ID, Price, Date of Transfer, Postcode, Property Type, Old/New, Duration, Address fields (PAON, SAON, Street, Locality, Town/City, District, County), PPD Category Type, Record Status, derived postcode fields (`Outward`, `Sector`, `Postcode Sector`, `outcode2`), temporal fields (`sale_month`, `sale_year`).

### Energy Performance Certificates (EPC)

Schema (selected fields):

* Identifiers: LMK\_KEY, BUILDING\_REFERENCE\_NUMBER, UPRN
* Address fields: ADDRESS1–3, POSTCODE, POSTTOWN, LOCAL\_AUTHORITY, COUNTY
* Energy ratings: Current & Potential Energy Rating, Efficiency scores, Environmental Impact metrics
* Cost & Emissions: Heating/Lighting/Hot Water costs, CO₂ emissions, Energy consumption
* Property details: PROPERTY\_TYPE, BUILT\_FORM, FLOOR\_AREA, GLAZING, ROOF/WALL/FLOOR characteristics
* Administrative fields: Lodgement Date, Inspection Date, Transaction Type, Tenure, Construction Age Band, Report Type, derived fields (`outcode`, `outcode2`, `lodgement_year`).

---

## Dataset Creation

### Curation Rationale

The dataset was curated to provide a **unified, analysis-ready view** of UK housing transactions and property energy characteristics. Hive partitioning allows efficient access to subsets of the data for large-scale ML and research applications.

### Source Data

* **Data Collection:** Directly downloaded from official UK Government open data portals.
* **Processing:** Converted from CSV/Text to Parquet. Partitioned using Hive strategies for scale and efficiency.
* **Producers:** HM Land Registry (PPD) and UK Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (EPC).

---

## Annotations

No additional human annotations were added. Data fields are as published by the source agencies.

---

## Personal and Sensitive Information

Both PPD and EPC datasets include **property-level addresses, postcodes, and transaction values**. While this is **public domain data under OGL**, it may still be considered sensitive as it enables linking to individual properties. Users should handle responsibly and avoid misuse for profiling or deanonymization.

---

## Bias, Risks, and Limitations

* **Coverage bias:** EPC data does not cover all UK homes (mainly properties sold, rented, or newly built).
* **Temporal bias:** PPD covers only recorded residential property transactions (excludes informal transfers).
* **Privacy risk:** Although public, addresses can be linked with individuals.
* **Geographic variation:** Regional inconsistencies may exist in EPC assessments.

### Recommendations

* Use aggregated or anonymized subsets for public reporting.
* Avoid drawing demographic or individual-level conclusions.
* Pair with external socio-economic datasets carefully to prevent misuse.

---

## Citation

**BibTeX:**

```bibtex
@misc{uk_housing_dataset,
  title        = {UK Housing Dataset: Price Paid Data and Energy Performance Certificates},
  author       = {Usama Shahid},
  year         = {2025},
  url          = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/reachusama0/uk-housing-data},
  note         = {Data under the Open Government Licence v3.0}
}
```

**APA:**
Shahid, U., HM Land Registry, & DLUHC. (2025). *UK Housing Dataset: Price Paid Data and Energy Performance Certificates*. Hugging Face. Available under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

---

## Dataset Card Authors

* Usama Shahid

## Dataset Card Contact

* [LinkedIn: Usama Shahid](https://www.linkedin.com/in/reach-usama/)