In the past the town was also a significant religious centre; it was in Litomyšl in 1344 that the second bishopric to be established in Bohemia was founded, although it ceased to exist during the Hussite Wars.
I dåtiden var staden även ett betydelsefyllt religiöst center; det var i Litomyšl år 1344 som Böhmens andra biskopssäte grundades, fast det upphörde existera under Hussitkriget.