Barroso and de Carvalho find that PISA provides a common reference connecting academic research in education and the political realm of public policy, operating as a mediator between different strands of knowledge from the realm of education and public policy.
Barroso和de Carvalho發現，PISA提供了一個通用的參考連接在教育和公共政策的政治領域的學術研究，為不同的線，從教育和公共政策領域的知識之間的中介操作。