In July 1988, Robert L. Forward presented a paper at the AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 24th Joint Propulsion Conference that proposed a Bondi negative gravitational mass propulsion system.
1988年6月，罗伯特·L·佛瓦德在AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE的24届共同推进大会上展示了一篇论文，提出了一种负引力质量推进系统。