The driving force of the initiative is the U.S. Enhanced Border Security and Visa Entry Reform Act of 2002 (also known as the "Border Security Act"), which states that such smartcard identity cards will be able to replace visas.
此项目发起的驱动力量是来自于 2002年加强边境、安全及入境签证改革法（也被称为“美国边境保安法案”），其中规定这种智能卡ID将要取代签证。