In addition, the total civilian population of Nanking in December 1937 and the size of the Chinese garrison defending the city are used as a basis for calculating the death toll, though the matter is complicated due to greatly varying estimates for both of these numbers.
此外，1937年12月南京的总平民人口和防御此城市的中国守军规模被用作计算死亡人数的基础，但这一问题因对这两个数字大不相同的估计而变得复杂。