First, in terms of practices of news production, there are at least five aspects of news work that may influence how journalists frame a certain issue: larger societal norms and values, organizational pressures and constraints, external pressures from interest groups and other policy makers, professional routines, and ideological or political orientations of journalists.
就新聞製作的實踐而言，新聞工作中至少有五個可能影響記者在議題上建構框架的方面，包括：更大的社會規範和價值觀、組織壓力和制約因素、利益集團和其他政策制定者的外部壓力、專業慣例、記者的思想或政治取向。