There are three broad choices involved in the divergence of these schools–each had to decide what kind of evidence to use; whether to emphasize the particulars of a single culture or look for patterns underlying all societies; and what the source of any underlying patterns might be, the definition of a common humanity.
有三種廣泛的選擇方式，關係到這些學派的分歧；每個都必須決定使用哪一種證據；是否要強調的一個單一文化的特殊性，或是找尋在所有社會底下的模式；而且這些潛藏模式，可能是一個共同人性的定義的來源。