In 2003, historians FP Retief and L. Cilliers reviewed the history and pathology of crucifixion as performed by the Romans and suggested that the cause of death was often a combination of factors.
2003年，历史学家FP Retief和L Cilliers审视了罗马人所执行的十字架酷刑的历史和病理学，并指出死亡的原因通常是多种因素的组合。