Benjamin Valentino writes: "Although not all the deaths due to famine in these cases were intentional, communist leaders directed the worst effects of famine against their suspected enemies and used hunger as a weapon to force millions of people to conform to the directives of the state".
Benjamin Valentino写道：“即使不是所有的因为饥荒而造成的死亡在这些情况下是有意的，共产主义领导人直接用饥荒的最严重影响对付他们怀疑的敌人并以饥饿为武器强迫数百万人顺从国家的指令。