Gerhard Gentzen, Dag Prawitz and Michael Dummett are generally seen as the founders of this approach; it is heavily influenced by Ludwig Wittgenstein's later philosophy, especially his aphorism "meaning is use".
Gerhard Gentzen、Dag Prawitz 和 Michael Dummett 一般被看作这种方式的缔造者；它受到维特根斯坦的后期哲学的严重影响，特别是他的格言"意义是使用"。