afro-xlmr-large-114L

AfroXLMR-large-114L was created by an MLM adaptation of the expanded XLM-R-large model on 114 languages widely spoken in Africa including 4 high-resource languages.

Pre-training corpus

A mix of mC4, Wikipedia and OPUS data

Languages

There are 76 languages available :

• English (eng)
• Amharic (amh)
• Arabic (ara)
• Somali (som)
• Kiswahili (swa)
• Portuguese (por)
• Afrikaans (afr)
• French (fra)
• isiZulu (zul)
• Malagasy (mlg)
• Hausa (hau)
• chiShona (sna)
• Egyptian Arabic (arz)
• Chichewa (nya)
• Igbo (ibo)
• isiXhosa (xho)
• Yorùbá (yor)
• Sesotho (sot)
• Kinyarwanda (kin)
• Tigrinya (tir)
• Tsonga (tso)
• Oromo (orm)
• Rundi (run)
• Northern Sotho (nso)
• Ewe (ewe)
• Lingala (lin)
• Twi (twi)
• Nigerian Pidgin (pcm)
• Ga (gaa)
• Lozi (loz)
• Luganda (lug)
• Gun (guw)
• Bemba (bem)
• Efik (efi)
• Luvale (lue)
• Luba-Lulua (lua)
• Tonga (toi)
• Tshivenḓa (ven)
• Tumbuka (tum)
• Tetela (tll)
• Isoko (iso)
• Kaonde (kqn)
• Zande (zne)
• Umbundu (umb)
• Mossi (mos)
• Tiv (tiv)
• Luba-Katanga (lub)
• Fula (fuv)
• San Salvador Kongo (kwy)
• Baoulé (bci)
• Ruund (rnd)
• Luo (luo)
• Wolaitta (wal)
• Swazi (ssw)
• Lunda (lun)
• Wolof (wol)
• Nyaneka (nyk)
• Kwanyama (kua)
• Kikuyu (kik)
• Fon (fon)
• Bambara (bam)
• Chokwe (cjk)
• Dinka (dik)
• Dyula (dyu)
• Kabyle (kab)
• Kamba (kam)
• Kabiyè (kbp)
• Kanuri (knc)
• Kimbundu (kmb)
• Kikongo (kon)
• Nuer (nus)
• Sango (sag)
• Tamasheq (taq)
• Tamazight (tzm)
• N'ko (nqo)

Acknowledgment

We would like to thank Google Cloud for providing us access to TPU v4-8 through the free cloud credits. Model trained using flax, before converted to pytorch.

BibTeX entry and citation info.

@article{li2025ssa,
  title={SSA-COMET: Do LLMs Outperform Learned Metrics in Evaluating MT for Under-Resourced African Languages?},
  author={Li, Senyu and Wang, Jiayi and Ali, Felermino DMA and Cherry, Colin and Deutsch, Daniel and Briakou, Eleftheria and Sousa-Silva, Rui and Cardoso, Henrique Lopes and Stenetorp, Pontus and Adelani, David Ifeoluwa},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.04557},
  year={2025}
}