Datasets:

Cerru02
/

Mars-VL-Pairs-MTEB

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000039063	Martian Gullies in Winter Shadow	Martian Gullies in Winter Shadow display dark, linear channels cutting through a reddish slope under prominent winter shadowing.	https://media2.spaceref.…o33261731880.jpg	https://media2.spaceref.…o33261731880.jpg	media2.spaceref.com	direct	fcef1a1a001d26a5c019111ac10364142f9e1aeb4c542c4ab1cb12843a92f0f6	3a15bd84d71ad873ecc208322499bbaab3e5292873b81cc0293c80c55fcc1e99	945	680	JPEG	615,969
000039090	Channels on Mesa West of Lyot Crater\r	Channels on Mesa West of Lyot Crater exhibit a dense, granular texture with variations in brightness and small-scale topographic features.	https://static.uahirise.…_059499_2270.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_059499_2270.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	e17965572cb789cfc8739a05394fe493aecbb4950f82e6408be3b20f8bf4b698	9e63502cd9d953fcd71c8ebaa260384adc29ab295cd080508f41d2582c4a20b9	172	115	JPEG	60,331
000039153	Foto op Aluminium Koraal panorama of the Martian landscape. mountains on Mars.	Aluminium Koraal panorama of the Martian landscape featuring layered sedimentary rock formations and distant mountains under a hazy orange sky.	https://t3.ftcdn.net/jpg…jaQFVwKKi9Pt.jpg	https://t3.ftcdn.net/jpg…jaQFVwKKi9Pt.jpg	t3.ftcdn.net	direct	65023acd37dd7ca36c441bb4838235f72ddaafd235de9bda8d45fd2a0c8aa79e	59ed48472aba69941fb9e57a77a7a8f7aa676d7841a56056011d56a23506da55	960	240	JPEG	57,730
000039174	mars sol 1274 anomaly 22 was life on mars	Mars sol 1274 anomaly 22 is a dark, elongated, segmented, and layered feature within a region of layered sedimentary rock.	http://waslifeonmars.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/mars-sol-1274-anomaly-22-was-life-on-mars-1024x406.png	https://waslifeonmars.co…ars-1024x406.png	waslifeonmars.com	direct	9f17fd58b5c74ee428841e2990253fc928002fc10bdaedcc047b30255e3ae78c	e4b45fdc403c48c00331f1e1b91be51224a16b1231ede04a52ef87604732d287	1,024	406	PNG	745,466
000039209	MARS SAND DUNES	MARS SAND DUNES exhibit a dark, smooth, crescent-shaped slip face and a light-toned, wind-swept surface with scattered dark specks.	http://i.huffpost.com/gen/600114/thumbs/r-MARS-SAND-DUNES-large570.jpg	https://i.huffpost.com/g…NES-large570.jpg	i.huffpost.com	direct	cbd827fce64181e64beafe49f0fb89915a1da57dcc84100900b19e7fc24bce4d	5924e45f87cadbac4ac5504e7fb3f25563f05f378cb72fbdf1c6146b0fe38b37	570	238	JPEG	37,835
000039245	The floodwaters of Mars	The floodwaters of Mars are evidenced by extensive, branching channels and sedimentary deposits, characterized by dark, sinuous features contrasting with lighter, dusty terrain.	https://scx1.b-cdn.net/c…thefloodwate.jpg	https://scx1.b-cdn.net/c…thefloodwate.jpg	scx1.b-cdn.net	direct	0d7cc74f6d6e6f9b225d6065238420f8059f15b276d3f50c6960a57af43a7c9f	2cb66f7823c13b69993a02769df899e00aeff26093f80901d069d0d1fcab6aa3	500	323	JPEG	20,610
000039268	vidéo surface Mars	Vidéo surface on Mars features layered terrain with a prominent curved horizon and hazy atmosphere.	http://img.generation-nt.com/video-surface-mars_00FA000001493652.jpg	http://img.generation-nt.com/video-surface-mars_00FA000001493652.jpg	img.generation-nt.com	direct	0d59e2ec025075d510ffe374abbabfb61646eb9a405aa7d19ba8dffdb4731ffc	d47f29247d0f1823f97985bc8c1bfe6f46e5100935f672ffd6f78e1ecbcccaeb	250	138	JPEG	7,573
000039304	Dunes with Unusual Gully	Dunes with Unusual Gully: dark, elongated dunes with a prominent linear gully crossing their surface.	https://static.uahirise.…_006648_1300.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_006648_1300.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	7caf4b30841df7272b7feef13ff5be462be59cb2cc3072bb8a45969a3b2f39ae	ffdc354fd13425f96ff679dc4604acbc952f68f4d825b9072a293c6f7a031e29	172	117	JPEG	26,546
000039324	An approximate-color image taken shortly after Phoenix's landing on Sunday shows a polygonal pattern in the ground near the spacecraft. The geometric cracks are likely caused by the repeated freezing and thawing of buried ice.	Polygonal patterns in the reddish, fine-grained soil near the Phoenix lander, formed by the freezing and thawing of subsurface ice.	https://s.hdnux.com/phot…471/3/1200x0.jpg	https://s.hdnux.com/phot…471/3/1200x0.jpg	s.hdnux.com	direct	b424ca6b6be9f64bce419ceda7e91d0e1216b60e22343e1a9ad25aabca128257	a9d8ce57e23aa8dd5eb08909b29d2aeb0f7637fc63ab45f7f73a2bedd4de8af3	1,200	1,200	JPEG	214,064
000039473	Changes in Angular Mars	Angular Mars exhibits variations in surface feature illumination across orbital phase sequences, as observed by Mars reconnaissance instruments.	http://images.astronet.ru/pubd/2008/07/15/0001228754/mars0708_bosman.jpg	https://images.astronet.…s0708_bosman.jpg	images.astronet.ru	direct	e64552b6d1a77196e4a9ba59434dd5810b64dbc73baf69b35881bd1b3d2f2785	579fd67faea90cd10ae7b53e99f7f5ca7cda15ff475cf6841d767f0d36ae3614	800	544	JPEG	36,446
000039547	ESA_ExoMars_TGO first results_1	ESA ExoMars TGO first results: Thermal map cross-section of Mars with FREND and ACS instrument locations depicted, showing no vertical dust or water vapor signatures in the atmosphere during a dust storm.	http://www.agenciasinc.es/var/ezwebin_site/storage/images/media/images/esa_exomars_tgo-first-results_1/6473942-1-esl-MX/ESA_ExoMars_TGO-first-results_1_image671_405.jpg	https://www.agenciasinc.…image671_405.jpg	agenciasinc.es	direct	c784a4d71cd9297888aae67602aa43d8320488d5fade8b1e12c81ca35d0498d1	031b5b538b4c143e9f807460053739ac67fce49aaa2ec85f7bbc4076c3bae522	671	377	JPEG	61,144
000039589	Mars on October 4, 2020 (RGB and IR), \n\n\n\n \n \n\n JDJ\n\n \n \n\n	Mars (RGB and IR, October 4, 2020) displays six-panel imagery: central and rightmost panels show reddish-brown surface with albedo features and atmospheric haze; the remaining panels depict filtered wavelengths highlighting distinct surface and atmospheric characteristics.	https://cdn.astrobin.com…130_18b44AEW.png	https://cdn.astrobin.com…130_18b44AEW.png	cdn.astrobin.com	direct	e6534fbb520d4deda8a871ba25a87b67b00f62827a972bc209a37ad176f012e0	41238c7fb1b9f9296292c7da34caeee233d69889eb816edb21107c0a6afb7b6f	130	130	PNG	18,691
000039879	Pavonis Mons (bottom centre) is located at the southern edge of the Tharsis quadrangle of volcanoes	Pavonis Mons, a large shield volcano with broad, gently sloping flanks and a central summit caldera, is located at the southern edge of the Tharsis Montes volcanic region.	http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2012/07/19/article-2175747-141DDC9F000005DC-41_964x642.jpg	https://i.dailymail.co.u…C-41_964x642.jpg	i.dailymail.co.uk	direct	a59db715a7bb9dc490fa4290ddc43e116631bdf90d16a1ac74082ff300126d79	c74af92f19e001103f49434b528075d5e1452a8922241be44a42b5a53644b4d1	964	642	JPEG	90,662
000039953	\nWater seems to flow freely on Mars\nAny areas of water could be off-limits to all but the cleanest spacecraft.\n\nDark streaks that hint at seasonally flowing water have bee	Dark streaks in equatorial regions of Mars, potentially indicative of seasonally flowing water, are observed in areas containing landing sites of Phoenix, Viking 1, Viking 2, Pathfinder, Opportunity, and Curiosity.	http://40.media.tumblr.com/408de744ab48a6a8b00df5ab8729bc76/tumblr_mxwmnluKDe1qkrwsmo1_1280.jpg	https://64.media.tumblr.…krwsmo1_1280.jpg	40.media.tumblr.com	direct	c07d07b67d730af793d8d0dbed44ff03240762129d8ad9c704a38db6b87c70b3	4fb673bc6cea4f892aa7ea92fc800bfd0698cf4b05484b6c0c87b6b803bd09e2	900	671	JPEG	230,510
000077523	The InSight lander is equipped with instruments that will track how much Mars 'wobbles' as it orbits the sun and a probe that looks at how much heat is flowing inside the red planet\xc2\xa0	The InSight lander on Mars features deployed solar arrays, an extended robotic arm, and instruments including the SEIS, HP3, and RISE Antenna.	https://i.dailymail.co.u…525450473557.jpg	https://i.dailymail.co.u…525450473557.jpg	i.dailymail.co.uk	direct	3e5362153536e6dc0758f8ab722d37b0d6ef5482cf47a7469ea0a9a67b07c800	aec3c1d142a5331856caf38ecb27e1cc544bf347194997d5e706538c49ae4a96	634	357	JPEG	36,133
000077707	Morning and Evening from Mt Sharp	Morning and Evening from Mt Sharp: Instrument deck in the foreground with layered sedimentary formations of Mt Sharp visible in the distance under a hazy blue sky.	https://planetary.s3.ama…rom-Mt-Sharp.jpg	https://planetary.s3.ama…rom-Mt-Sharp.jpg	planetary.s3.amazonaws.com	direct	6b0ade73154e432149fcddc2cd79c20273f8470dbdf5aa4bd40781f8fa91a282	3459e8e3af323c4ab6cd2c7db10d76ab179ba5bac3728a057225ace80257c282	576	576	JPEG	50,289
000077827	Near subsurface ice\n\nTuesday, November 12 2013\n\n40\n\nDr Harold Clenet, EPSL, EPFL\n\n	Near subsurface ice on Mars, as detected by the InSight lander's heat flow probe, reveals distinct regolith layers in a trench excavated at the landing site.	https://image.slideshare…pg?cb=1387425535	https://image.slideshare…pg?cb=1387425535	image.slidesharecdn.com	direct	3abbba420a85fbd9b500400de671a2e9507b7e49b665df35904a1f8f44491606	75dea66c2d8b8097e93d71dad75500abcdfe26649801b3e4bb5c3896ad591e3a	638	479	WEBP	44,316
000078281	Adirondack coated with red Martian dust. Spirit's "hand," or instrument before cleaning off circular spot and grinding hole. Image credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell.	Adirondack, a Martian rock, is coated with red dust and features a circular cleaned spot where Spirit's instrument prepared a grinding hole; the rover's instrument arm is visible in the foreground.	https://www.earthfiles.c…ironCleaned2.jpg	https://www.earthfiles.c…ironCleaned2.jpg	earthfiles.com	direct	5fbbc29f68cdf75c7391fbe4d76a756eac1f2d4dc46f17cdfb2fd119709ef04c	890e00d882df5d2388dc632b8ef40c264d24913816ae753c606b2cf7a7e0f781	360	333	JPEG	27,938
000022133	Southeast Gale Crater Mound	Southeast Gale Crater Mound exhibits layered, undulating rock formations with a dark surface and a prominent linear ridge extending diagonally across the structure.	https://static.uahirise.…_067434_1745.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_067434_1745.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	bacea9cd77455253b69f1e6c3a47aea5aa1f478752cc5c13c8d0475d6d440231	5849b57e4975efc5e7d802b751aab350a2b41989a18bc49f4ba1f2d533f3584a	172	115	JPEG	49,284
000022154	Image taken of drill sample obtained at the \xe2\x80\x98Lubango\xe2\x80\x99 outcrop target on Sol 1320, Apr. 23, 2016. Lubango is located in the Stimson unit on the lower slopes of Mount Sharp inside Gale Crater. - Image Credit: NASA/JPL/MSSS/Ken Kremer/kenkremer.com/Marco Di Lorenzo	Drill sample from the Lubango outcrop in the Stimson unit of Mount Sharp, Gale Crater, with rover arm extended over a fractured, layered rock surface.	https://images.squarespa…475009543774.jpg	https://images.squarespa…475009543774.jpg	images.squarespace-cdn.com	direct	1aab474b6033bee6533048b51d30777f5be1ce131e6f389c63b95bdc29c8c458	df9954943c5fb1786dc1e09e7eea8261aef492c32ca0677d94a1d6dcb9ee768a	899	725	WEBP	196,954
000022184	Vera Rubin Ridge labeled	Vera Rubin Ridge is a light-toned, layered geological formation, with dark rocky terrain of the Murray Formation in the foreground.	https://hardscienceainth…abeled.jpg?w=640	https://hardscienceainth…abeled.jpg?w=640	hardscienceainthard.files.wordpress.com	direct	e220f3656eb49c947ef4e76df3dd2acf09904c4afa54c1127bf820ec124bc6c8	398dbf0737406d110f532c8fd8b3118ef43297a3f1417815da542d63417ceb3c	400	200	WEBP	16,906
000022199	Recent Gullies in Equatorial Valles Marineris	Recent gullies in equatorial Valles Marineris exhibit narrow, linear channels with distinct brightness contrasts and surrounding eolian terrain.	https://static.uahirise.…_072612_1685.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_072612_1685.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	95bc9ac735c054736155284c4b35d57af89d10b3f72dae895d3d97d87e672146	a414838a8e0938bac022dcd7fabf221288b95997262dbb63511576a6d16704e4	344	234	JPEG	89,006
000022237	Mars - March 24 2016	Mars displays a surface of impact craters and varied albedo features on March 24, 2016.	https://farm5.staticflic…f95ca7e25a_m.jpg	https://farm5.staticflic…f95ca7e25a_m.jpg	farm5.staticflickr.com	direct	6312650ff42459f5be32dbcbbf3f034d7a5d45435146f53ec12a7789ba767797	d75dc4a13864418ba495b807514d68c4748cf5c2c1d37ba2432b3d5b3e845198	240	240	JPEG	20,834
000022252	Sulfates in Gale Crater Mound\r	Sulfates in Gale Crater Mound exhibit layered, stratified rock formations with distinct horizontal banding.	https://static.uahirise.…_056686_1750.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_056686_1750.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	df98270dd10fcab26696d90f19dadddbe80b372b6d5a1baa11b0552fbf0586df	e274eb0f6c73f591cf3fdcc977d6418dadc361d3c98220a904ae92efe5986e32	172	117	JPEG	44,099
000022264	InSight placed the SEIS instrument, or seismometer, on the Martian surface on December 19. This is the first seismometer placed on another planet.	The SEIS seismometer, deployed by InSight on Mars, rests on its orange hexagonal base with circular markings, surrounded by fine reddish-brown regolith, with a robotic arm and connecting cable visible.	https://media.cnn.com/ap…_0,c_fill/w_1280	https://media.cnn.com/ap…_0,c_fill/w_1280	media.cnn.com	direct	01cf19ab3ee211edcecb819b50124b5e1f9404948a2b1c8e607562003565929f	82bd4fc814fce07393158f288aaffa34157df42c3ea5f208cc5c62414c4bbbf0	1,280	720	JPEG	104,918
000022331	Four horizontal images of rock layers with text annotations.	Four horizontal images of the Murray formation at the base, an unconformity, and the Stimson formation at the top, showing layered sedimentary rock with varying thicknesses and numbered annotations indicating cross-bedding.	https://earthsky.org/upl…on-formation.jpg	https://earthsky.org/upl…on-formation.jpg	earthsky.org	direct	1532f1daa769d71263ad40858d395612a59e6a895d269968eca6b5a31cd61666	e2c7512d2db0d2fe8d20757079db93662010df7d1f8e3d4a1855d7306bcb10d1	600	746	JPEG	310,464
000022340	Webb Telescope captures its first images of Mars	Mars, imaged by the James Webb Space Telescope's NIRCam, shows surface features including Huygens Crater, Syrtis Major, and Hellas Basin in thermal emission at 2.1 microns, with a heat map revealing temperature variations at 4.3 microns and a bright subsolar point.	https://cdn-images-1.med…LiZAdh6AcNfz.png	https://cdn-images-1.med…LiZAdh6AcNfz.png	cdn-images-1.medium.com	direct	8691bf625ae436cfcc3739f9a84c0d9691c30abf22f6f70cea3e5e7dc212802c	9bd191589e23deb5062562bf535f8ea41858bdea51d3ee45fd8e42d16cef4da7	2,000	1,658	PNG	526,186
000022356	View image taken on Mars, Mars Perseverance Sol 99: Left Navigation Camera (Navcam)	Dark, irregularly shaped rock on wind-sculpted, ripple-marked sand in a Mars Perseverance Sol 99 Left Navigation Camera image, with a rover component visible in the lower-left corner.	https://mars.nasa.gov/ma…3_195J01_320.jpg	https://mars.nasa.gov/ma…3_195J01_320.jpg	mars.nasa.gov	direct	5aaaca4c6775f158fc2a0713b549f75a969dea1244dec96db9d48ff29155b6a0	81c0c375888b4e1df9ca5bc9804de5e9dfd1b59bed2f118df4f9c9070549fbad	320	240	JPEG	11,947
000022376	A Piece of Mars: A large dune (on the right, bluish) rests on a surface covered in much smaller dunes or ripples (on the left, cream). This is part of my favorite dune field on Mars. Can you spot the little boulders at the foot of the large dune? (ESP_028893_1320)	A large bluish dune on Mars rests atop a field of smaller cream-colored ripples with fine linear textures arranged in parallel patterns, casting a shadow over the ripple field (ESP_028893_1320).	https://s-media-cache-ak…773f5b4fb73d.jpg	https://i.pinimg.com/236…773f5b4fb73d.jpg	s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com	direct	c894f45ccd041733a4b2394e4bafba7a8ee91407ce074bae175a83f0c3be4baf	d2795d32c1afba2f37155a0325c50996c1aa7b2974cdbb3cb1afa9ef4707dd73	236	177	JPEG	9,005
000022417	MARS: S putovanja rovera OPPORTUNITY Sol3649_pano	MARS: S putovanja rovera OPPORTUNITY Sol3649_pano shows a flat, rocky plain with distinct, parallel eolian ripples in the foreground and a smooth horizon under a bright sky.	https://2img.net/h/www.d…Sol3649_pano.jpg	https://2img.net/h/www.d…Sol3649_pano.jpg	2img.net	direct	4cea7da970d8887c992eb80ff08ffa688825a8f1226e30e3aeb633c921ff5fa8	8ded2f8ae4f6970740ea70e17e550ba3b51ec70635a71c7f06a810b5dcd2247b	4,124	1,137	JPEG	1,391,569
000022434	Mars Volcanoes	Mars Volcanoes: A color-coded topographic map shows a cluster of shield volcanoes with central calderas and smaller volcanic cones, with elevation represented by a green-to-red gradient.	http://geology.com/c/180-mars-volcano.jpg	https://geology.com/c/18…mars-volcano.jpg	geology.com	direct	107854305c5fc0cdd46de56ddb1a42d13b9b7f71bc7233b69eb0f840da71d5dd	164f07289a015020b66c407ab906470ac5b9134fdff90525edef56955f5c034c	180	130	JPEG	20,387
000022445	Image: Marathon Valley	Marathon Valley displays a cracked, light-toned surface in the foreground with hilly terrain in the distance, alongside the robotic arm and deck of the Opportunity rover.	https://media1.s-nbcnews…8d8.fit-760w.jpg	https://media-cldnry.s-n…0325-marskk3.jpg	media1.s-nbcnews.com	direct	a4d3e70705871d7ca2800c85492496923193238eee6f8d335648f53d6ca026af	31d837cf12734cb3cdc8cc9a4c844f74d5af6ebdd194893acd3ae6331f7e9715	760	476	WEBP	115,848
000022488	The coldest place on Mars is the south pole: images and videos	South pole of Mars: a curved, reddish planetary limb under a bright, distant sun with a small, pale celestial body visible in the upper sky.	https://i.ytimg.com/vi/_…hni8/default.jpg	https://i.ytimg.com/vi/_…hni8/default.jpg	i.ytimg.com	direct	badc8bf02a2d5f337759d79ad12937f89407cf66f69a82df9858da474e98906f	7f0a9ae1d8665055d591c0600c2fc214faf2f8219a8ead92106e5f64c4dff736	120	90	JPEG	3,087
000022509	The internal structure of Mars.	Internal structure of Mars, with a cross-sectional color-coded map showing thermal or compositional variations from blue (cooler/less dense) to red (hotter/more dense).	https://d32ogoqmya1dw8.c…nterior-mars.jpg	https://d32ogoqmya1dw8.c…nterior-mars.jpg	d32ogoqmya1dw8.cloudfront.net	direct	289be9cdc21d0ad96d3adfeb5dc534e05f30b15b7d27826fa8ecb7833f953270	36ad91c12e8cab1314bf1d1d9a2ee0b41f1c7d06833f8ffc38961e1164df1f74	144	148	JPEG	28,915
000022552	General Circulation of the Martian Atmosphere: Dynamics and Dust	General Circulation of the Martian Atmosphere: Dynamics and Dust depicts a partial view of Mars with a reddish-brown surface and thin atmosphere, presented as an infographic with black text on a white background.	http://thumbs.slideserve.com/1_7034348.jpg	http://thumbs.slideserve.com/1_7034348.jpg	thumbs.slideserve.com	direct	97304a36215f388a0977dfa45e5ed81ce00fc2c82cbaca5f05b2d99db9c6168c	945a03fcaade82030097e3c05e359478381846fb321dded64085a08f1f5d1c6e	320	240	JPEG	9,880
000022556	Another Metallic Sphere / Ball Object Found On Mars?	A smooth, dark gray metallic sphere rests on Martian regolith, observed by the Curiosity Rover.	https://ytimg.googleuser…as/hqdefault.jpg	https://ytimg.googleuser…as/hqdefault.jpg	ytimg.googleusercontent.com	direct	205a998e3ed0245f6d378fddedf8abbd009ca47a7de08eb96ffc24a294b84998	0d6fd15048200563941825f7c7dc749fa9b4134e7e6878573ac8b8b1f75338fd	480	360	JPEG	29,910
000022600	North Polar Layered Deposits Scarp	North Polar Layered Deposits Scarp exhibits a steep, eroded cliff face with distinct, parallel, wavy stratification and variations in brightness and texture across the exposed layers.	https://static.uahirise.…_069435_2650.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_069435_2650.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	be6556f56351447d19a7221888fa3bfb09165a98e7d4cafad356d6c1e80b3e19	1bde393779d017ae6a27cd0b6ffff9812a9ff53fe90f3de325defe746add91d5	840	333	JPEG	352,582
000022754	Mars Images screenshot 8	Mars Images screenshot 8 displays a sandy regolith with scattered dark, angular rocks under bright, diffuse illumination.	https://image.winudf.com…eurl=1&type=.jpg	https://image.winudf.com…eurl=1&type=.jpg	image.winudf.com	direct	4d16b2bfb40925773b0b41b1d0f0c25ff392f1a7756c188bfe382ba30aa26ce2	b525ddca609cd5a603935312a8034b5b078347c816826818cc642520776251f8	568	355	JPEG	28,675
000022758	Another image revealing the dune Curiosity is attempting to climb	The dune Curiosity is attempting to climb has a smooth, light-toned surface and a distinct curved crest, with rocky, uneven terrain in the background.	https://i.dailymail.co.u…-319_634x227.jpg	https://i.dailymail.co.u…-319_634x227.jpg	i.dailymail.co.uk	direct	c786e9089a044912038d053ed5f89ec1d35fc1a65b1313cdb24d849d460c235f	44915ea88f61a17b81ccc3064462130321e1158d56477219b6e284a733e4f580	634	227	JPEG	24,505
000022779	MILYEN PROBL\xc3\x89M\xc3\x81KKAL J\xc3\x81RNA MEGH\xc3\x93D\xc3\x8dTANI A MARSOT, \xc3\x89S HOGYAN OLDAN\xc3\x81NK MEG?	Mars displays a curved limb with surface features including craters and darker regions illuminated from the right.	https://netextra.hu/wp-c…OLDANANK-MEG.jpg	https://web.archive.org/…OLDANANK-MEG.jpg	netextra.hu	wayback-exact-url	7741033ca30b8be3ab1ff084b63439045724421d413ec1c9fb3bb4b92010ae89	2128e7573c6f7a5639cb07a6a98e954157cfa972237b87e5cd743ceddab86d1f	560	267	JPEG	9,755
000022799	Martian Desert	Martian Desert: Viking 2 lander imagery shows a pinkish sky and dark granular surface pavement, with crescent-shaped eolian dunes and layered polar deposits of ice and windblown dust.	https://image.slideserve…10/slide12-n.jpg	https://image.slideserve…10/slide12-n.jpg	image.slideserve.com	direct	4b05bf467fcaf4cc7210aee871137d4a8cbd49f85f5a8e0d4c138e9008a6b3c6	307615923a29e8cccfc7c33dc00528b2608ce556ca054a18677182b6b25950a3	720	540	JPEG	69,028
000022807	Dune Monitoring in Candidate ExoMars Landing Site in Mawrth Vallis	Dunes in Mawrth Vallis exhibit linear ridges, with a portion of the ExoMars rover's wheel visible in the upper right corner.	https://static.uahirise.…_073467_2010.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_073467_2010.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	a6be2267051b22b898fa48bc2d8aed6595f6e5e315bbc4d7837d94e61edaab6e	3a44d12b60d8bc6a25588b08d53a5109c386debd0ac651caa47d060a1638849c	840	333	JPEG	348,874
000022811	NASA Mars rover finds sandstone variations	Sandstone formations with layered textures and varying brightness extend across the foreground, with a large, smooth hill in the background under a dark sky.	https://scx1.b-cdn.net/c…nasamarsrove.jpg	https://scx1.b-cdn.net/c…nasamarsrove.jpg	scx1.b-cdn.net	direct	9b84f1e14d1a8a345eccb78bc3b79be5c7217d16aee2cfa04c9612f67e44d3c4	7073c3ad026696734a2ed2697283993a3d4c1bb8b36bde23dd077bdb159cb5ff	500	273	JPEG	15,651
000022959	Hellas Planitia Terrain	Hellas Planitia Terrain exhibits a linear boundary between a rough, granular upper surface and a smoother, darker lower layer with vertical striations.	https://static.uahirise.…_017644_1420.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_017644_1420.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	3234b9f376413a0b725e39c28a4d28dcaa78c4efed0bf0584f5857e284ff4283	50b023221dfc049b11f2c3c3b571f4c789eb5026e9adce09bfed93a47c59cecd	840	333	JPEG	312,753
000022969	Hill with Hazy Sky, variant (sjrankin) Tags: 5june2018 edited nasa mars rocks sand panorama colorized rgb bands257 opportunity endeavourcrater sky haze	Hill with Hazy Sky at Endeavour Crater displays stratified rock formations and sand in a colorized RGB panorama.	https://farm2.static.fli…1db9c8b6ff_t.jpg	https://farm2.static.fli…1db9c8b6ff_t.jpg	farm2.static.flickr.com	direct	9953541aa24ca5ed96a1d359886cabdcf2dff9c67191f600730437c4f8fd8142	167f026ec65af46e32a7053c31de244a6238cc931cc0fc3555677d703a0f30ef	100	56	JPEG	6,670
000022982	Pyramid Found in Mars Curiosity Photo	Pyramid-shaped feature on Mars, observed by the Curiosity rover in a grayscale image.	https://i.ytimg.com/vi/g…n4/hqdefault.jpg	https://i.ytimg.com/vi/g…n4/hqdefault.jpg	i.ytimg.com	direct	e95ac165a9892d635f638d88363e0ffbaf75e1775f113a6df479dcb61688e39d	0a292d2a1a6ed284d09377b2f3fae9d80b400d25b439748230effcb88e57575a	480	360	JPEG	38,022
000022983	Impact Crater in Northern Lowlands	Impact Crater in Northern Lowlands with a surface exhibiting brightness variations and fine linear features.	https://static.uahirise.…_020253_2345.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_020253_2345.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	1a6d1453705996eb3723cdb8779fa43641a51f70e302878b534d5570e9bd13ee	2e552ce15e249c42c892143f6efded71c6b3a980d08f0fee4088a7a4fe01432b	840	333	JPEG	352,127
000061467	Gullies on Mars Show Tantalizing Signs of Recent Water Activity	Gullies on Mars exhibit a depositional fan with a broad, gently sloping apron of sediment formed by channelized flow.	https://media2.spaceref.…llies-Zoom-s.jpg	https://media2.spaceref.…llies-Zoom-s.jpg	media2.spaceref.com	direct	de78dca61fdd2bdf0801fab862a2ede668b78f41c633f340b450b821ab3d0080	e6dfdac3e4fcfc324c09178b5ee0cf20e7edf243126af1ec1987840375958a88	202	144	JPEG	5,730
000061621	Organa Crater is Rich in Frozen Ammonia	Organa Crater contains a bright central region enriched in frozen ammonia, with radial ejecta patterns over a darker, cratered terrain.	https://scitechdaily.com…ozen-Ammonia.jpg	https://scitechdaily.com…ozen-Ammonia.jpg	scitechdaily.com	direct	5ecdd8f07e2d94ae9b05176ad2fbe01ef69d273d5990441bff3bbbc9a99c843a	0b7d0a4043aff43c8ff758d2ee17638ae32778c49798fc9004179b7049688453	580	413	JPEG	54,858
000062048	Beginning of Possible Glacial Unit near candidate Starship landing sites	Beginning of Possible Glacial Unit near candidate Starship landing sites with a field of circular depressions on the Martian surface.	https://behindtheblack.c…oppedreduced.jpg	https://behindtheblack.c…oppedreduced.jpg	behindtheblack.com	direct	f2469a972231141053601bc1da78dbe3868d6f04d1220d58dc85cf1a2eb32a06	6cb8639564abb59d3afad3da7032a1f97faa321d2dd301f482d6c634119922f0	450	450	JPEG	169,416
000268905	ruine marte 2	Ruine Marte 2 is a circular depression with a raised rim and a central mound on the surface of Mars.	https://worldnews24.net/…uine-marte-2.jpg	https://web.archive.org/…uine-marte-2.jpg	worldnews24.net	wayback-exact-url	8ce9697cc4e0f81b265206eb3714d2ba72c6f99f01c2af0cfafadb42ed8c7990	c3d7c94af588f4660e23ebc6fef1469c95de6b9feef23c1a5fe9bd403061f2e2	600	452	JPEG	10,033
000268997	Candidate Cavern Entrance Northeast of Arsia Mons	Candidate Cavern Entrance northeast of Arsia Mons is a dark, circular depression in fine-grained, granular terrain with subtle albedo variations and small-scale undulations.	http://static.uahirise.org/images/2011/details/PSP_003647_1745.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_003647_1745.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	d94dd83cd7063ca9a4e54d5785e033a07526eb114b63f439513a40ebd1fee512	7d91dc4a0931e66c285e9b9223fea3eff5c621874077ef108d6d2863b0d1aabd	1,680	666	JPEG	883,515
000765281	Closeup of Martian double crater	Martian double crater with a large main crater and secondary craters forming clustered chains radiating from the primary impact site.	http://www.skyandtelescope.com/wp-content/uploads/New_Mars_crater_labels.jpg	https://dq0hsqwjhea1.clo…rater_labels.jpg	skyandtelescope.com	direct	6c7af7302dd9482c1594dc0c537429b6750d58ab0872b6e88117b89b57cec4ba	e3046cbc6a799dbdaf24bc3be0514e2364694d83265470283de2db0a1806428a	680	684	JPEG	71,147
000328107	The Martian South Pole. A new study in Geophysical Research Letters argues there needs to be an underground source of heat for liquid water to exist underneath the polar ice cap. Credit: NASA.	Martian South Pole ice cap exhibits a bright, irregularly shaped morphology, contrasting with surrounding darker dusty terrain.	https://e3.365dm.com/19/…g?20190213095657	https://e3.365dm.com/19/…g?20190213095657	e3.365dm.com	direct	5877495b108ab493eebcf3b0a07f30a353da07d25ae5690b6b60c56445b7403f	0d8fda554e6053cf8dc9c98a420b1ea00e18c81c8829e3032383a28c758b5bfa	768	432	JPEG	23,380
000110234	Great Volcanoes -- Details	Great Volcanoes -- Details: Mauna Loa exhibits an elongated caldera with a reddish-brown surface and irregular summit depression; Olympus Mons displays a circular caldera with concentric fractures and radial grabens.	http://image.slideserve.com/65890/great-volcanoes-details-l.jpg	http://image.slideserve.com/65890/great-volcanoes-details-l.jpg	image.slideserve.com	direct	b7709ca837101c716fb837f76238d89bf5cdf955249ced1ab0c4178547dbcb03	a317046820767fa6dbec402474ac299a89351e261a0ee6ac818dccf8aecb888d	1,024	768	JPEG	94,601
000059857	Helberg (crater)	Helberg is a large, irregularly shaped impact crater with a heavily eroded rim and a dark, flat floor.	https://alchetron.com/cd…d-resize-750.jpg	https://alchetron.com/cd…d-resize-750.jpg	alchetron.com	direct	999e99d268dd181281589c91569332a17a242303037ec355e38b68c69442ef29	32ed213f6866493a551a11766db0d241d93590d8ced8fa73ccf023bb66997d6a	240	240	JPEG	5,633
000775440	Before and after images of the crater site. Image Credit: NASA/JPL/UofArizona	Before and after images of an impact crater exhibiting a dark central spot on a light-toned surface with linear features and scattered smaller craters. Image Credit: NASA/JPL/UofArizona	https://www.universetoda…re-and-After.jpg	https://www.universetoda…re-and-After.jpg	universetoday.com	direct	90e7dd489109d23b549342908bbf2bbf841af70ee5c3ed9569c4502ce51e00a4	c0cce37a02237d3a1acbf040812f6f572a48be7a9216931e5c6e761dc62350e8	960	480	JPEG	44,391
000052293	Windjana in the rear view, Curiosity sol 630	Windjana, a rocky outcrop, is visible in the rear view from Curiosity on Mars, with the rover's mechanical arm and instruments in the foreground.	https://planetary.s3.ama…76M_pan_f537.jpg	https://planetary.s3.ama…76M_pan_f537.jpg	planetary.s3.amazonaws.com	direct	b9399779fc98f1f7e728fea748e5c1034b7d425fb605787271b80a7cde6e5550	e90e18952c0aa78a13a564c27e345c24031b50aeb91a4c82373bc6509b540752	537	206	JPEG	41,950
000052294	Mars Ultraviolet Nightglow	Mars Ultraviolet Nightglow: A global ultraviolet image showing a bright, diffuse green emission on the night side, with a prominent luminous region in the left hemisphere and a darker surface in the right.	https://scitechdaily.com…glow-777x699.jpg	https://scitechdaily.com…glow-777x699.jpg	scitechdaily.com	direct	d39850e7aa77c169ef58a4092a0cd6937448c733dafd8320d4cac9ef48a75fdd	4e7819f268ead5a4bfe1a03b1894961a46e3a7b652cad0c66a75b179180257be	777	699	JPEG	48,433
000052473	Opportunity Sol 4087: Afternoon in Marathon Valley	Opportunity Sol 4087: Marathon Valley under late afternoon lighting, with a sloping rocky terrain, a prominent rock outcrop in the mid-ground, and scattered rocks across the foreground.	http://planetary.s3.amazonaws.com/assets/images/4-mars/2015/20150810_B4087_marathon_valley_full_f840.jpg	http://planetary.s3.amazonaws.com/assets/images/4-mars/2015/20150810_B4087_marathon_valley_full_f840.jpg	planetary.s3.amazonaws.com	direct	a9173e6bccac5b6970085367bb9b5f6d53004399cad4e5db7a957141cc1ca509	5418708ab9904e6de5a080a3d9474e3c00407b806d4f78e035f251f3b01d4941	840	916	JPEG	217,196
000052711	Curiosity Sol 1470	Curiosity Sol 1470: Layered, light-toned sedimentary rock with a rough, fractured texture on the Martian surface.	http://static.gigapan.org/gigapans0/191776/images/191776-1990x1756.jpg	http://static.gigapan.org/gigapans0/191776/images/191776-1990x1756.jpg	static.gigapan.org	direct	de4d9bd8c14ac9dd62e5b1e8bd299c622a79248d63c22882fa6895f07c5b6a82	758038b618f2e0d0b6aa10216a699a261e7f74f024bfa9c70e8033b288e0fcfa	1,990	1,756	JPEG	714,763
000052819	Mount Sharp on Mars	Mount Sharp on Mars exhibits a hazy, layered horizon, as observed through a golden-tinted filter.	https://static2.stuff.co…/762/7437762.jpg	https://static2.stuff.co…/762/7437762.jpg	static2.stuff.co.nz	direct	7622eb63d82a9141e2d69f459e997224c37d27913508262e7931fce0f26fae56	ce591ea8c96cc5bbad38a887e2cc6c0eca46d60d044c95660c597de861e2606f	1,024	683	JPEG	49,407
000052866	Cape Vincent & Cape Verde, Victoria Crater anomalies HD	Cape Vincent, a dark, irregularly shaped ridge on the rim of Victoria Crater, exhibits a rough, fragmented texture against the surrounding reddish-brown regolith.	http://i3.ytimg.com/vi/8T2eETZGIec/2.jpg	http://i3.ytimg.com/vi/8T2eETZGIec/2.jpg	i3.ytimg.com	direct	9542feb5283c1b8df89fdee7c9adad29db713992d94a29bd9e710be50638bbab	cac066d0189c2ab2b88e6afd72819fc52cf406e002645dfc5b5b0f0be96f31df	120	90	JPEG	4,567
000185993	Tunnel on Mars 6	Tunnel on Mars features steep, concave walls with vertical, parallel linear grooves; rough, uneven surface exhibits brighter reflective patches along grooves and lower region, contrasting with darker shadowed areas.	http://terrapapers.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Tunnel-on-Mars-6.jpg	https://terrapapers.com/…el-on-Mars-6.jpg	terrapapers.com	direct	76609bc4636a78b56d6ef6f130f86362a7a225454cbe0537a281404120a13f2f	bb5ff510dff781fa50dc331c2193206a4b74b6ee1361363e605e8db75c94f3fc	1,200	942	JPEG	173,605
000035009	geology of mars	Rift basins on Mars exhibit elongated, linear depressions with steep walls and textured floors, intersected by smaller impact craters.	https://image.slideshare…pg?cb=1408351033	https://image.slideshare…pg?cb=1408351033	image.slidesharecdn.com	direct	67cd9a674a059a400a7a5b8f4f057cd59d5f1a303aae720a15fa21ec28cf5d4d	1edd4f05713899f7dc8831a4f660fab5d82509471a74ea7c8c63aa2ac84ef5e4	638	479	WEBP	55,270
000035779	crater saturation	Crater saturation: a high-density distribution of impact craters with overlapping rims and degraded morphologies across a planetary surface.	http://image.slideserve.com/1324847/crater-saturation-t.jpg	http://image.slideserve.com/1324847/crater-saturation-t.jpg	image.slideserve.com	direct	c14db02ec251b56d53374f60dc228548f62da7c6a90e6a531593a6a6da367400	6d3c1b3772a46252b882545dd6c933eed1db63258ee20c76be3aeea3504f457f	150	112	JPEG	3,538
000201919	Could ice sheets, not rivers, have formed the channels on Mars? \| EarthSky.org	Dendritic channels on Mars exhibit distinct color contrast between adjacent regions, potentially indicating differing surface compositions or geological processes.	https://earthsky.org/upl…osed-300x266.jpg	https://earthsky.org/upl…osed-300x266.jpg	earthsky.org	direct	0557e05bc706a62b1b3fa8d5675f7bfb3f028a933a0fe9e03aca69b99609222e	1378eaadc1a42156263a508906db953959980a977bb754163ac3cd71fd6d236f	300	266	JPEG	11,577
000133239	A Gecko-Shaped Fissure Vent in Gordii Fossae	A Gecko-Shaped Fissure Vent in Gordii Fossae features a long, narrow ridge with a bulbous head and tapering tail, exhibiting a bright, raised profile against the surrounding terrain.	https://static.uahirise.…_070399_1970.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_070399_1970.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	93c09467d72332b9121e0155760fbee2d5393ada77ed1333b7473d21d0180a7f	b247933f8dcf76ae99470e2be899d50da6772f087a1f758cba080954cd703590	300	466	JPEG	128,802
000133261	Worcester Crater in Context	Worcester Crater, a circular depression with a central peak, is located in Chryse Planitia on Mars; the HRSC orbit 15714 map depicts elevation variations with green for lower and blue for higher terrain.	https://scitechdaily.com…f110r010t010.jpg	https://scitechdaily.com…f110r010t010.jpg	scitechdaily.com	direct	ab783b09acc38c83297be3de9732b298e61d196650089f1d2db32ba00ab541ce	c894e0a06d373ced92963a464fb59a2a1a68466d5e6633d99ead6c3e435a993c	1,653	1,583	JPEG	239,270
000133262	Tantalus Fossae in context	Tantalus Fossae, a system of extensional tectonic fractures on Mars, appears as a bright, narrow linear feature on a topographic map, contrasting with surrounding terrain and intersected by the HRSC orbit 22173 path.	https://www.techexploris…xt-1024x1018.jpg	https://www.techexploris…xt-1024x1018.jpg	techexplorist.com	direct	13f2c602f09d0560b603be3404d035c83099c28f777e06f959bc2f5ef62b1ca8	acc31aa39f0dafd34ae3af7e3a6f6a627eb772cea070dad4e032e6925108abae	1,024	1,018	JPEG	88,881
000133273	At 2,485 miles long, over 124 miles wide and more than 4 miles deep, the Red Planet's canyon makes America's Grand Canyon seem downright puny by comparison	Valles Marineris is a vast canyon system on Mars, depicted in cross-section with dimensions far exceeding those of Earth's Grand Canyon, and its location indicated by a Martian globe.	https://i.dailymail.co.u…658775308690.jpg	https://i.dailymail.co.u…658775308690.jpg	i.dailymail.co.uk	direct	d5a25fdea4c11cd7aa5b573514d22f911016e0e83b758699aaec906d253d2ebc	64f8c1cacfeb70bbc2c12bdff53de9b99fe93c4d7337893cd58ee1f33ead2795	962	895	AVIF	85,792
000133277	Watery Science ‘Jackpot’ Discovered by Curiosity\n\nImage: Curiosity found widespread evidence for flowing water in the highly diverse, rocky scenery shown in this photo mosaic from the edge of Yellowknife Bay on Sol 157 (Jan 14, 2013). The rover will soon conduct 1st Martian rock drilling operation at flat...	Calcium sulfate mineral veins in fractured, light-toned sedimentary rocks at the John Klein outcrop, Yellowknife Bay, Mars, formed by precipitation from liquid water circulating through fractures, with the Snake River rock formation visible nearby.	http://24.media.tumblr.com/d0a720b7095b34e8fc46c0f6503bab3d/tumblr_mgwak4JLcI1r01w8mo1_500.jpg	https://64.media.tumblr.…r01w8mo1_500.jpg	24.media.tumblr.com	direct	1c83c5a40ae073c0887a77e68156d099a89a26e1171e4af59f30dde02b7a0a28	50c9a9e6b0ccd1366cb8153b3790a2b6e876e99a26f0b28371bd659107616d34	500	230	JPEG	76,716
000133299	Yellow circles at Nili Fossae and southeast quadrant of Syrtis Major, ancient volcano, mark where NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA) have measured large quantities of methane emissions since 2003. The persistent size of methane quantities imply a continually replenishing source. Is it geological? Or biological? M...	Yellow circles on a topographic map of Mars mark persistent methane emissions at Nili Fossae and the southeast quadrant of Syrtis Major, an ancient volcanic complex, with associated impact craters and tectonic fracture systems depicted.	https://www.earthfiles.c…hane012509lo.jpg	https://www.earthfiles.c…hane012509lo.jpg	earthfiles.com	direct	4bdadbacf5439ea066b7fe8b09ce1d489239a7f3b49dfb1bd403edbaab5abe6b	24714624fc40ca33056e0c9e28116e93a832a5f6edb21424da742df60f133390	500	433	JPEG	52,787
000133325	Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter image by its HiRISE camera of the "Face on Mars". Viking Orbiter image inset in bottom right corner.	HiRISE image of the Face on Mars mesa in Cydonia, with a bright eastern flank, dark western flank, and distinct curved basal ridge; Viking Orbiter image inset in bottom right.	https://file770.com/wp-c…s_with_Inset.jpg	https://file770.com/wp-c…s_with_Inset.jpg	file770.com	direct	bf5e2845f03733fade95bdd36589ee332f4c2d91c95eb63d50f3b16cce8c2755	38af5a034acd485899d8dc87196b8026694ecd39a65f5cc01b2d7e6001aecc01	425	300	JPEG	22,346
000133332	Color HiRISE swaths covering the Curiosity field site	Color HiRISE swaths cover the Curiosity field site, showing a yellow traverse line and labeled geological units including Dingo Gap, The Kimberley, Pahrump Hills, Marnas Pass, Namib Dune, Murray Buttes, and Ogunku Beach, with distinct albedo variations and a grid overlay.	https://planetary.s3.ama…riosity_t233.jpg	https://planetary.s3.ama…riosity_t233.jpg	planetary.s3.amazonaws.com	direct	a1ed64155f9ecd3e33d81f81dc97b3cf8ff726f68c5e074f375ad6ce82f87020	9afab4b83c03536f37e488183118e73ba42ed176ec3bb9c224df08a6ed4c1477	233	233	JPEG	37,355
000133356	Bill Nye explains why water on Mars matters	Martian crater surface with dark, linear features interpreted as evidence of liquid water, observed by a spacecraft instrument.	http://media1.s-nbcnews.com/j/MSNBC/Components/Video/__NEW/2015-09-29T02-57-33-8Z--1280x720.video_170x113.jpg	https://media-cldnry.s-n…8Z--1280x720.jpg	media1.s-nbcnews.com	direct	022681a1bbb29a1faa3ddaeaccbf65332da79fcbe9a231e5e38203baf77a7c77	314c441722113af923e3a41d2e9692a27e3e96c52a6a198bc59f7416d3880ccb	170	113	WEBP	5,900
000133363	A Forest of Channels on the South Polar Layered Deposits (by Lunar and Planetary Institute)\nThe sublimation of seasonal carbon dioxide in the Martian polar regions seems to erode connected channels on the underlying surface, as escaping carbon dioxide gas scours the surface beneath the carbon dioxide ice. Such fe...	A forest of branching channels on the South Polar Layered Deposits of Mars, observed by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (HiRISE), exhibits a dendritic pattern with uniform spacing, incised into light-toned layered deposits as a result of carbon dioxide sublimation-driven erosion.	http://24.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_lreatznhqi1qz4l3qo1_500.jpg	https://64.media.tumblr.…qz4l3qo1_500.jpg	24.media.tumblr.com	direct	4ecc36762b27e94f6361e83086d288e637cf00cedd6fe221fbd46f6758e15cf3	83cfda54fee2169fa3ad6bdc25ac00b5d7e075bbcdd49279a215dd4e10d7cb2e	500	422	JPEG	109,654
000133403	Martian Gullies	Martian Gullies: A network of elongated, dendritic channels with tributary branches and fan-shaped deposits on a sloped terrain.	https://image2.slideserv…95/slide17-n.jpg	https://image2.slideserv…95/slide17-n.jpg	image2.slideserve.com	direct	e2722f785d5a91aeb3c99600f37578e216ce9fdcb2110e38d0c54d5770945034	24e9a12a7b300e9587ddef32149c583cbc1446a254165d7dba4d36fd0a0f6c95	720	540	JPEG	54,951
000133432	Mars Rover Curiosity S 7 Biggest Discoveries So Far	Mars Rover Curiosity drill site on fractured, reddish-brown bedrock with labeled features including Thundercloud, Vernecke, and Broccoli Inlie.	http://www.space.com/images/i/000/026/410/original/curiosity-rover-first-drill-site-overview.jpg?interpolation=lanczos-none&downsize=553:*	https://www.space.com/im…p;downsize=553:*	space.com	direct	c625da276e88bc825709ebe9ad505d4133a68cc81894ef0ac6660859ef295ac5	df208b794175a9adeeb15d5839f14c97162e2de9116146a95d1684988f7ca036	1,200	900	JPEG	260,854
000133485	1965 spacecraft relays first images of mars the new	1965 spacecraft relays first images of Mars, showing a dark, featureless surface with a bright, diffuse region and crosshair markings.	https://static01.nyt.com…s-blog480-v8.png	https://static01.nyt.com…s-blog480-v8.png	static01.nyt.com	direct	516c21278f674e9db05ad394d2e2100c1efddf7f02e6840cdf631a90ca162537	4cd0d0ace89d374ea141a53d25635dfdfbbc4b9522d14b410ac1b771d90cb73a	480	274	PNG	95,876
000133540	flor marte	Flor Marte is a small, rounded, light-colored petal-like feature embedded in dark, granular regolith on Mars.	https://planetagea.files…-marte.jpg?w=500	https://planetagea.wordp…-marte.jpg?w=500	planetagea.files.wordpress.com	direct	2e6b6b4a56e66e759c7edeaad3f3b4076d1581b9bd07485c92f8728a9fa65da9	b9810af2202613cb3c0a8710fd63235a5c03187502e410e52f186d7be9c4b444	440	377	WEBP	29,230
000133541	NASA Mars rover Curiosity drilled into rock target &#8220;Cumebrland&#8221;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..	Curiosity drilled into rock target Cumberland, producing a circular hole surrounded by a pile of light gray powdered material on a tan, granular Martian rock.	http://24.media.tumblr.com/66cf797baeb8c357da0f3db5834a1822/tumblr_mn6ps73Fwz1qdwuwoo1_250.png	https://64.media.tumblr.…qdwuwoo1_250.png	24.media.tumblr.com	direct	23f06d051f87f76c47b4e8dfd0b1cc7a4e6b71251297ae6a40625d6e763b8ca1	9b556a33b3156a1e3fcd92972cc8cdbb10e20db9c88af388cc9e0ecad6307a78	250	177	PNG	82,025
000133552	In addition to looking for signs of ancient microscopic life, the rover will also examine the geology of the Jezero crater, looking for signs of previous habitability	Jezero crater features a flat expanse of reddish-brown regolith with scattered rocks, as observed from the Perseverance rover's Van Zyl Overlook.	https://i.dailymail.co.u…623329845762.jpg	https://i.dailymail.co.u…623329845762.jpg	i.dailymail.co.uk	direct	ea7767a08181d563a6491aea73eb49be9fc720d377a9d9a9a947157bd987b3ba	d5739536e085bbbb0dfed61adc63cbd19f6e5b4bfa96ef964c6c7700856b8d9d	962	894	AVIF	37,058
000133599	Neil deGrasse Tyson on Curiosity	Neil deGrasse Tyson on Curiosity: a low-resolution, horizontally stratified view of reddish-brown regolith under a hazy orange sky, with a small bright yellowish object on the horizon.	http://37.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_m8eer0ad9s1qgykbzo1_500.png	https://64.media.tumblr.…qgykbzo1_500.png	37.media.tumblr.com	direct	bec48dc7d3af0d5304a4d2ae2bad54d46f78d30212ac69a62913b392cd5f5a3d	d1c1925e1cc0ff9c0f03ac0d6e6dc2407295e521c13c2e99c938221ed3e20ace	492	504	PNG	93,988
000133663	New Mars Sample Astounds Scientists, Hints at Water	A robotic arm on the Martian surface manipulates a rock sample, with a bright, granular deposit visible at the point of contact.	http://img1-azcdn.newser.com/square-image/127540-20110902134609/new-mars-sample-astounds-scientists-hints-at-water.jpeg	https://cdn.newser.com/s…ts-at-water.jpeg	img1-azcdn.newser.com	direct	65867dd0888ffb4d7ff9ac6ba2579eba875a9c9733df49604c280a0b9b037613	e7470fc1bbd5bc2032b66435629b2503e2593ec2252835a4cd4a861fe5da26c4	240	160	JPEG	20,578
000133668	What's Trending Online Right Now-Methane on Mars 2014 ...\r\n	Methane on Mars 2014: A robotic rover on dusty, rocky terrain under a hazy pale sky, with its shadow cast to the right, indicating solar illumination.	https://i.ytimg.com/vi/x…NY/hqdefault.jpg	https://i.ytimg.com/vi/x…NY/hqdefault.jpg	i.ytimg.com	direct	e67b1197852fcb91f4304f1ac292c183d2f834932c8cf42c515f92ba5dd86e8f	eefda8b5d40fef5dd65fea3759209a3b1fa7e38ec5e8c8e8583b89c167eabe17	480	360	JPEG	16,231
000133698	The Humanoid Skull On Mars - Spirit Rover Photo	Spirit rover image of a humanoid skull-shaped rock on Mars, with monochromatic, grainy texture and reddish-brown coloration.	https://i.ytimg.com/vi/9…_E/mqdefault.jpg	https://i.ytimg.com/vi/9…_E/mqdefault.jpg	i.ytimg.com	direct	fc68acb4b4074f8258086e8227ac149f0a364745d6bdacf55a9353009996d2b3	7938be85473026d006ecf1a7272c7acce56fa5ef61c222429c74ff8ac8f7a3df	320	180	JPEG	20,680
000133746	mars more and more evidences and proofs about life on mars curiosity my 44 video youtube. Black Bedroom Furniture Sets. Home Design Ideas	Curiosity rover observed a narrow, linear channel in light-toned bedrock on Mars, with a blue-green material coating adjacent surfaces.	https://i.ytimg.com/vi/E…dw/hqdefault.jpg	https://i.ytimg.com/vi/E…dw/hqdefault.jpg	i.ytimg.com	direct	27be9ccc3e4b14e87b8246bce80a6a1c9962ced2e8d8bff2b91accdd443eae07	d690ef626aac3b43db29bd146d0a83d31cb301c8201b2215b1c7e56a1fc926f1	480	360	JPEG	36,195
000133755	Nestled among the red rocks are some colored in white that are about a foot and a half across with interesting features and textures that could be remnants of an ancient volcano. Perseverance is set to take samples that may hold chemicals or minerals	White-colored rock formations, approximately a foot and a half across, exhibit irregular shapes and rough textures, scattered across a reddish-brown, granular surface, with potential volcanic remnants targeted by Perseverance for sampling.	https://i.dailymail.co.u…614381727278.jpg	https://i.dailymail.co.u…614381727278.jpg	i.dailymail.co.uk	direct	e591a00b7da27fd1a1ad8dcb27ea2ea3517ec68cfed41c2ed4047efba3fe7d32	f70d6b6f685d931f9df655048b20f32ff4932ca41a2bd8c1887a64db9cacee31	961	540	JPEG	68,994
000012539	This view shows the patch of veined, flat-lying rock selected as the first drilling site for NASA's Mars rover Curiosity. (Courtesy: NASA)	Veined, flat-lying rock with a network of dark, linear fractures and a cracked, reddish-brown surface texture, selected as the first drilling site for NASA's Mars rover Curiosity.	http://gdb.voanews.com/C3A16DC0-7507-40D5-BEDD-A1D982DC95B8_w640_r1_s.jpg	https://gdb.voanews.com/…B8_w640_r1_s.jpg	gdb.voanews.com	direct	d013bdd13ed0d1c61c53d7b53bb6d62d30bdb3c9e2df9149859caa23a7ce792d	08fb935f5db00158e1a7ffb426cb3e5237fa377f74b77b1236196aa2f1b228c7	640	360	AVIF	58,245
000012542	Putative Sulfates in Tithonium Chasma	Putative sulfates in Tithonium Chasma display light blue, layered strata with subtle undulations and linear striations, consistent with sedimentary deposition and erosion.	https://static.uahirise.…_003158_1745.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_003158_1745.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	7a6fb424b94fd718d0e62214d2079ca5e901246b6418a27bcac52424dcd88a24	cd4fe75e0a06d23f2442d7a8d42f646e150d062240aa0bfbe832311f2d45da92	840	333	JPEG	275,386
000012554	Diverse Minerals in Nili Fossae Mound	Diverse Minerals in Nili Fossae Mound displays layered rock exposures with a distinct irregular boundary, featuring lighter-toned material along the upper edge and darker terrain below.	https://static.uahirise.…_006778_1995.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_006778_1995.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	e02351910d6321268b25922b8f3928c45381149d38b70a7d3107257303d6444a	19af7df84ada699ef0ecbc4cec40be34098a9faaaf355aa6818e33b608999712	172	117	JPEG	32,390
000012593	Possible Sulfate-Rich Terrain in Northeast Syrtis Major Region\r	Sulfate-rich terrain in the northeast Syrtis Major region exhibits parallel, elongated ridges and troughs with layered stratification.	https://static.uahirise.…_043172_1970.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_043172_1970.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	45d7f5235a2fa77ffbbbd50e1e555f636884ae6b4b8c2b5353ff29861504b9a6	58e2bfd9c19c9aa91157ab5cacb0f70ac4b42b595986b90ce973c43cfacd53f6	840	333	JPEG	374,579
000012610	Channels in Orson Welles Crater	Channels in Orson Welles Crater display a network of linear, sinuous depressions cutting across a light-toned surface, with a cluster of small impact craters in the lower right.	https://static.uahirise.…_067797_1790.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_067797_1790.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	c9d8b003a9dca63df3a2a005de8dbf1ff79e2bc29f8fc62892b68cd02a509537	9c7556011a72ac68aa46e34d4a47cb852228ac630416710dec8e07cebb7e751b	840	333	JPEG	345,458
000012640	Streamlined Features in Argyre Planitia	Streamlined Features in Argyre Planitia exhibit parallel, elongated ridges with a smooth, undulating texture, contrasting with surrounding rougher terrain.	https://static.uahirise.…_011714_1345.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_011714_1345.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	517e34ca23031fcd44a2c4b2be54d477f74203b257879ad5a3e228ca84b7d993	d0f2a742c9f06d9658ecf11c9e5486cd9b6edc165f33305c5ff41303b009d5c4	172	117	JPEG	52,470
000012659	Pit Chains in Tharsis. - Image Credit: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin (G. Neukum)	Pit chains in Tharsis consist of elongated, linear depressions and associated fractures on the Martian surface, with regolith and scattered impact craters.	https://static1.squarespace.com/static/54bf12d2e4b0f0d81bf74ee7/t/5ad14e90562fa71762f5c578/1523666579432/	https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/54bf12d2e4b0f0d81bf74ee7/1523666577516-C3Y5BGIUMNPCOV1MNQQD/?format=1000w&content-type=image%2Fjpeg	static1.squarespace.com	direct	301b1519a4037507b87908b29a08a524cbdd54011d59ed6115e1f1007aad10b6	5b9a1de5ee8963fcd7631ff046cf614ed11c6f0b1b44946c725db4048056ca13	1,000	563	WEBP	44,002
000012695	Possible Phyllosilicates in Walls of Fracture South of Aurorae Chaos	Possible phyllosilicates in the walls of a fracture south of Aurorae Chaos, exhibiting layered, light-toned sedimentary strata with fine, parallel striations and a smooth, undulating surface.	https://static.uahirise.…_035976_1680.jpg	https://static.uahirise.…_035976_1680.jpg	static.uahirise.org	direct	3159f0cf9f0503b077f28890564788fd750d0609b68c4bad0a25cdcd083d74b2	4c91cb3b04a5c5c3f09e5e097545dc50fd566aff0996c3f11b7bb6de2767f3a9	840	333	JPEG	226,850
000012699	The remains of a river delta on Mars.\xc2\xa0Multicellular Organic Neural Network\xc2\xa0Lives in Nitrogen-Oxygen Atmosphere 270 K - 300 KEats, Breathes, Thinks, Creates.	Remains of a river delta on Mars, characterized by a fan-shaped sedimentary deposit with distinct lobes and channels, exhibiting elevated ridges and depressions and a color palette of purples, greens, and browns indicative of mineralogical variations.	https://i.pinimg.com/736…-the-remains.jpg	https://i.pinimg.com/736…-the-remains.jpg	i.pinimg.com	direct	b0c86f3e998ec84bf7462bac1420680682822aad2059a4bd64b4543bc6c9fd92	330153a2c00cfdde355174b4ed32271da745f9a17ad84c3a1c8163c941c6d61f	736	1,111	JPEG	220,365
000012709	Residual Water Ice captured on Mars by NASA's Reconnaissance Orbiter	Residual water ice on Mars appears as bright, linear features within dark terrain, captured by NASA's Reconnaissance Orbiter.	https://s2.dmcdn.net/v/Swmf71WXAnj4VgAq5/x60	https://s2.dmcdn.net/v/Swmf71WXAnj4VgAq5/x60	s2.dmcdn.net	direct	c70bcaf8e6e07e4926fe93f93278aa7f878b97d1634f0dda170c2faae7d1a184	792f40d24aa8a6f2ce22d2894e90a368b87c20051f51abcf48ae513f111ee668	106	60	JPEG	2,925
000012733	Curiosity Getting Closer&#8230;	Curiosity observes a linear fracture cutting through layered terrain on Mars.	http://24.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_m8ad8sT6Eb1ro04efo1_500.jpg	https://64.media.tumblr.…ro04efo1_500.jpg	24.media.tumblr.com	direct	cb22264d7c9ce7e2c458a094924d4008f75a132f7d44731942ddfe0ba34c3680	8f19bd267ec8999d542073201125948f74c80660fe4e07ea2a8342c5bafe3017	500	375	JPEG	64,681

End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

Mars-VL-Pairs MTEB frozen media release

This is a reproducibility-focused mirror of Task 1 from MarsRetrieval. It embeds the image bytes used by the benchmark instead of downloading mutable web URLs at MTEB evaluation time. The original row order, key, original caption, refined caption, source URL, resolved URL, hashes, dimensions, and recovery method are preserved. MTEB uses refined_caption, matching the paper's main evaluation.

Construction and integrity

Source: SUSTech/Mars-VL-Pairs at 1cac8885e481256d3752ad0d3a0f8f9681c5f206
Expected source pairs: 2287
Recovered media rows: 2249
Missing pairs: 38
Evaluation pairs after duplicate review: 2247
Excluded resize-equivalent rows: [907, 2098]
Redirected downloads: 294
Exact byte duplicate groups: 0
Decoded-pixel duplicate groups: 0
Source domains: 527

Both image-to-text and text-to-image tasks use this same frozen pair table. Every row has exactly one paired refined caption and image.

License and provenance

The source dataset declares CC-BY-4.0. The MarsRetrieval paper states that Task 1 candidates were selected from DataComp-1B and Relation-2B, and the retained images resolve to many external web domains. The dataset-level license metadata may not supersede rights or attribution requirements attached to each original web image. The source_url and source_domain fields are retained so users can inspect provenance and applicable source terms.

Citation

@article{wang2026marsretrieval,
  title={MarsRetrieval: Benchmarking Vision-Language Models for Planetary-Scale Geospatial Retrieval on Mars},
  author={Wang, Shuoyuan and Wang, Yiran and Wei, Hongxin},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.13961},
  year={2026}
}

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Paper for Cerru02/Mars-VL-Pairs-MTEB

MarsRetrieval: Benchmarking Vision-Language Models for Planetary-Scale Geospatial Retrieval on Mars

Paper • 2602.13961 • Published Feb 15