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my witness statement.
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as i write this, i'm 94.
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'i've had the most extraordinary life.'
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it's only now i appreciate
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how extraordinary.
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i've been lucky enough to spend my life exploring the wild places of our planet and making films about the creatures that live there.
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in doing so,
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i've travelled widely around the globe.
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i've experienced the living world first-hand in all its variety and wonder,
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and witnessed some of its greatest spectacles
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and most gripping dramas.
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as a boy, i dreamed, like so many other boys,
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of travelling to distant, wilder places
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to look at the natural world in its pristine state and even find animals that were new to science.
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now i find it hard to believe...
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that i've managed to spend so much of my life doing everything.
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exactly that.
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1937
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world population 2.3 billion.
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carbon in the atmosphere,
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280 parts per million.
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remaining wilderness
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66%.
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when i was eleven years old, i lived in leicester in the middle of england.
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at that time, it wasn't unusual for a boy of my age to get on a bicycle, ride off into the countryside,
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and spend a whole day away from home.
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and that is exactly what i did.'
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every child explores, just turning over a stone and looking at the animals beneath is exploring.
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it never occurred to me to be anything other than fascinated...
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when watching what was going on in the natural world about me.
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my older brother had another view.
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leicester had an amateur dramatic society
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that put on productions of near professional standards, and although he persuaded me every now and then to join him and speak a couple of lines in walk-on parts,
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my heart was not in it.
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instead, as soon as the weather was warm enough,
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i would cycle off to the eastern part of the county where there were rocks full of beautiful and intriguing fossils.
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they were not, it's true, the bones of dinosaurs.
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the honey-coloured limestone had been deposited as mud at the bottom of an ancient sea, so no one could expect to find the remains of such land-living monsters in them.
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instead...
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i discovered the shells of sea-living creatures, ammonites, some six inches or so across,
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'coiled like ram's horns.'
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others the size of hazelnuts, inside which were tiny scaffolds of calcite
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that had supported the gills with which the creatures...
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within her breeze.'
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and i knew of no greater thrill
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then picking up a likely looking boulder,
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giving it a smart blow with a hammer
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and watching it fall apart to reveal one of these marvellous shells glinting in the sunlight.
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and i revelled in the thought
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that the first human eyes to gaze upon it
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were mine.
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i had believed from a very early age
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that the most important knowledge was that which brought an understanding of how the natural world worked.
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it was not laws invented by human beings that interested me.
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but the principles that governed the lives of animals and plants.
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not the history of kings and queens,
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or even the different languages that had been developed
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by different human societies, but the truths that had governed the world around me long before humanity had appeared in it.
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why were there so many different kinds of ammonites?
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why was this one different from that?
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did it live in a different way?
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did it live in a different area?
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i soon discovered that plenty of other people had asked such questions
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and had found a lot of the answers, and that these answers could be put together to form the most marvellous of all stories.
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the history of life.
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the story of the development of life on earth is for the most part one a slow, steady change.
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every creature whose remains i found in the rocks
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had spent its entire life being tested by its environment.
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those that happen to be better at surviving and reproducing
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passed on their characteristics.
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'those that didn't?'
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couldn't. over billions of years, life forms slowly changed,
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and became more complex.
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more efficient, often more specialised.
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and their long story, detail by detail,
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could be deduced from what could be found in the rocks.
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the leicestershire limestones had recorded only a tiny moment of it.
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but more chapters could be found in the specimens that the city museum had on display.
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and to find out yet more, i decided that when the time came...
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i will try to go to university.
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there i learned another truth.
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this long story of gradual change
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had been violently interrupted at points
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every hundred million years or so, after all those painstaking selections and improvements,
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something catastrophic happened.
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a mass extinction.
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for different reasons at different times in the earth's history, there had been a profound, rapid global change to the environment
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to which so many species had become so exquisitely adapted.
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the earth's life-support machine...
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had stuttered, and the miraculous assemblage of fragile interconnections which held it together
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'had collapsed.'
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'great numbers of species suddenly disappeared.'
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leaving only a few.
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all that evolution
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was undone.
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these monumental extinctions created boundaries in the rocks that you could see if you knew where to look and how to recognize them.
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below the boundary there were many different life forms.
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above, there is you.
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such mass extinctions have happened five times in life's four billion year history.
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each time nature has collapsed,
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